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News United States Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION: Stephen B. Reed (202) 691-7000 USDL-09-0511 CPI QUICKLINE: (202) 691-6994 TRANSMISSION OF FOR CURRENT AND HISTORICAL MATERIAL IN THIS INFORMATION: (202) 691-5200 RELEASE IS EMBARGOED MEDIA CONTACT: (202) 691-5902 UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EDT) INTERNET ADDRESS: http://www.bls.gov/cpi/ Friday, May 15, 2009 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: APRIL 2009 CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.2 percent in April before seasonal adjustment, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. This index has fallen 0.7 percent over the last 12 months, due primarily to a 25.2 percent drop in energy prices. The yearover-year declines in March and April are the first since 1955. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U was unchanged in April after declining 0.1 percent in March. The energy index declined for the second straight month, falling 2.4 percent after declining 3.0 percent in March. The indexes for motor fuel, fuel oil, natural gas, and electricity all declined in April. The food index declined as well, falling 0.2 percent in April after a 0.1 percent decrease in March. The index for food away from home increased, but the food at home index fell 0.6 percent with none of the six major grocery store food groups posting an increase. Over the past year, the food index has risen 3.3 percent while the energy index has declined 25.2 percent. Offsetting the declines in the food and energy indexes was a 0.3 percent increase in the index for all items less food and energy. Over 40 percent of the increase was due to a second consecutive large increase in the tobacco index. The index rose 9.3 percent in April as an increase in the federal excise tax on cigarettes went into effect. A larger increase in the index for medical care, an increase in the index for new vehicles, and an upturn in the lodging away from home index also contributed to the April increase. The index for all items less food and energy has risen 1.9 percent over the past year. Table A. Percent changes in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) Seasonally adjusted Expenditure Category Changes from preceding month Oct. 2008 All items ................................. Food and beverages ........... Housing ............................... Apparel ................................ Transportation ..................... Medical care ........................ Recreation ........................... Education and communication .............. Other goods and services ... Special indexes: Energy ................................. Food .................................... All items less food and energy ........................... Nov. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Compound annual rate 3-mos. ended Apr. 2009 Unadjusted 12-mos. ended Apr. 2009 -0.8 .4 .0 -.7 -4.8 .2 .2 -1.7 .2 -.1 .1 -9.7 .2 .0 -0.8 .1 .0 -.6 -5.0 .3 -.2 0.3 .1 .0 .3 1.3 .4 .0 0.4 -.1 .0 1.3 1.9 .3 .4 -0.1 -.1 -.1 -.2 -1.1 .2 .0 0.0 -.2 -.1 -.2 -.4 .4 -.4 0.9 -1.6 -.9 3.5 1.8 3.7 .0 -0.7 3.3 1.0 .9 -13.4 3.0 1.2 .2 .3 .2 .0 .3 .0 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 2.7 .3 2.6 2.8 24.2 3.4 7.9 -7.8 .4 -16.9 .2 -9.3 .0 1.7 .1 3.3 -.1 -3.0 -.1 -2.4 -.2 -8.5 -1.7 -25.2 3.3 .0 .1 .0 .2 .2 .2 .3 2.5 1.9 The food and beverages index declined 0.2 percent in April following a 0.1 percent decrease in March. A 0.3 percent increase in the food away from home index was more than offset by a 0.6 percent decline in the food at home index and a 0.1 percent fall in the index for alcoholic beverages. This was the fifth consecutive decline in the food at home index and it has declined 1.6 percent since its November peak. The dairy and related products index had the largest decline among the major grocery store food groups for the third month in a row. It decreased 1.3 percent in April and has fallen 5.1 percent over the past year. The index for cereals and bakery products, other food at home, and nonalcoholic beverages also declined in April. The index for meats, poultry, fish and eggs was unchanged in April, as was the fruits and vegetables index. The food index has risen 3.3 percent over the past year, with the food at home index up 2.3 percent. The housing index fell 0.1 percent in April, the same decline as in March. The shelter index, however, rose 0.2 percent in April after being unchanged the previous two months. The index for lodging away from home turned up in April, rising 0.5 percent after falling in each of the six previous months. The indexes for rent and owners’ equivalent rent rose 0.2 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively. In contrast, the index for household energy fell 2.2 percent in April after declining 1.8 percent in March. The index for natural gas declined sharply, falling 7.0 percent, while the index for fuel oil fell 0.3 percent and the electricity index decreased 0.6 percent. The index for household furnishings and operations was unchanged in April. Over the past year, the housing index has risen 1.0 percent with the shelter index up 1.6 percent and the index for household energy down 4.7 percent. The index for transportation fell 0.4 percent in April after declining 1.1 percent in March. Following a 4.0 percent decrease in March, the gasoline index declined 2.8 percent in April. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, gasoline prices rose 5.3 percent in April.) The index for new and used motor vehicles rose 0.4 percent in April. The new vehicles index rose 0.4 percent, while the used cars and trucks index declined only 0.1 percent in April after falling 1.7 percent in March. The index for public transportation declined for the eight straight month, falling 0.8 percent as the airline fare index declined 1.5 percent. The transportation index has decreased 13.4 percent since April 2008, with several of its components declining over the period. The index for gasoline fell 39.5 percent and the index for public transportation decreased 5.9 percent, while the indexes for new vehicles and for used cars and trucks declined 0.2 percent and 11.4 percent, respectively. Among other CPI groups, the index for medical care rose 0.4 percent in April after a 0.2 percent increase in March as the indexes for prescription drugs and hospital services posted larger increases. The index for education and communication rose 0.3 percent in April with education index up 0.4 percent and the index for communication rising 0.1 percent. The index for other goods and services posted another sharp increase due to higher tobacco prices, rising 2.6 percent in April. The 9.3 percent increase in the tobacco index followed an 11.0 percent increase in March and the index has risen 28.8 percent over the past year. The indexes for recreation and apparel both declined in April, falling 0.4 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) rose 0.3 percent in April, prior to seasonal adjustment. The index value of 207.925 was 1.3 percent lower than in April 2008. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-W was unchanged in April. Table B. Percent changes in CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) Seasonally adjusted Expenditure Category Changes from preceding month Oct. 2008 All items ................................. Food and beverages ........... Housing ............................... Apparel ................................ Transportation ..................... Medical care ........................ Recreation ........................... Education and communication .............. Other goods and services ... Special indexes: Energy ................................. Food .................................... All items less food and energy ........................... Nov. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Compound annual rate 3-mos. ended Apr. 2009 Unadjusted 12-mos. ended Apr. 2009 -1.0 .4 .0 -1.0 -5.3 .1 .1 -2.1 .2 .0 .0 -10.9 .2 .0 -1.0 .1 .0 -.6 -5.6 .3 -.1 0.3 .0 .0 .6 1.5 .4 .0 0.4 -.2 .1 1.0 2.0 .4 .4 -0.1 -.1 -.1 -.3 -1.3 .2 .0 0.0 -.2 -.1 -.3 -.5 .4 -.3 1.1 -1.9 -.7 1.3 .6 3.8 .6 -1.3 3.4 1.3 .7 -15.5 3.1 1.3 .2 .3 .2 .1 .3 .1 .2 .4 .2 .2 .2 3.9 .2 3.8 2.3 36.8 3.1 11.3 -8.2 .4 -17.8 .2 -9.7 .1 1.9 .0 3.6 -.2 -3.1 -.1 -2.4 -.2 -7.9 -2.0 -26.1 3.4 .0 .1 .0 .2 .2 .2 .3 3.0 2.0 Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) The Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) increased 0.3 percent in April on a not seasonally adjusted basis. The index has decreased 1.1 percent over the past year. Please note that the indexes for the post-2007 period are subject to revision. Upcoming release Consumer Price Index data for May are scheduled for release on Wednesday, June 17, 2009, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). Facilities for Sensory Impaired Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200, Federal Relay Services: 1-800-877-8339. Brief Explanation of the CPI The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in prices over time of goods and services purchased by households. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population groups: (1) the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), which covers households of wage earners and clerical workers that comprise approximately 32 percent of the total population and (2) the CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and the Chained CPI for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U), which cover approximately 87 percent of the total population and include in addition to wage earners and clerical worker households, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the self-employed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force. The CPIs are based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, and fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors’ and dentists’ services, drugs, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Prices are collected in 87 urban areas across the country from about 50,000 housing units and approximately 23,000 retail establishments-department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index. Prices of fuels and a few other items are obtained every month in all 87 locations. Prices of most other commodities and services are collected every month in the three largest geographic areas and every other month in other areas. Prices of most goods and services are obtained by personal visits or telephone calls of the Bureau’s trained representatives. In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights, which represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. For the CPI-U and CPI-W separate indexes are also published by size of city, by region of the country, for cross-classifications of regions and population-size classes, and for 27 local areas. Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of prices among cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period. For the C-CPI-U data are issued only at the national level. It is important to note that the CPI-U and CPI-W are considered final when released, but the CCPI-U is issued in preliminary form and subject to two annual revisions. The index measures price change from a designed reference date. For the CPI-U and the CPI-W the reference base is 1982-84 equals 100.0. The reference base for the C-CPI-U is December 1999 equals 100. An increase of 16.5 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 116.5. This change can also be expressed in dollars as follows: the price of a base period market basket of goods and services in the CPI has risen from $10 in 1982-84 to $11.65. For further details visit the CPI home page on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/cpi/ or contact our CPI Information and Analysis Section on (202) 691-7000. Note on Sampling Error in the Consumer Price Index The CPI is a statistical estimate that is subject to sampling error because it is based upon a sample of retail prices and not the complete universe of all prices. BLS calculates and publishes estimates of the 1-month, 2-month, 6-month and 12-month percent change standard errors annually, for the CPI-U. These standard error estimates can be used to construct confidence intervals for hypothesis testing. For example, the estimated standard error of the 1 month percent change is 0.04 percent for the U.S. All Items Consumer Price Index. This means that if we repeatedly sample from the universe of all retail prices using the same methodology, and estimate a percentage change for each sample, then 95% of these estimates would be within 0.08 percent of the 1 month percentage change based on all retail prices. For example, for a 1-month change of 0.2 percent in the All Items CPI for All Urban Consumers, we are 95 percent confident that the actual percent change based on all retail prices would fall between 0.12 and 0.28 percent. For the latest data, including information on how to use the estimates of standard error, see “Variance Estimates for Price Changes in the Consumer Price Index, January-December 2008”. These data are available on the CPI home page (http://www.bls.gov/cpi), or by using the following link http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpivar2008.pdf Calculating Index Changes Movements of the indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes rather than changes in index points, because index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to its base period while percent changes are not. The example below illustrates the computation of index point and percent changes. Percent changes for 3-month and 6-month periods are expressed as annual rates and are computed according to the standard formula for compound growth rates. These data indicate what the percent change would be if the current rate were maintained for a 12-month period. Index Point Change CPI Less previous index Equals index point change 202.416 201.800 .616 Percent Change Index point difference Divided by the previous index Equals Results multiplied by one hundred Equals percent change .616 201.800 0.003 0.003x100 0.3 Regions Defined The states in the four regions shown in Tables 3 and 6 are listed below. The Northeast--Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The Midwest--Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. The South--Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The West--Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. A Note on Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes seasonally adjusted as well as unadjusted changes each month. For analyzing general price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred since they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same magnitude every year--such as price movements resulting from changing climatic conditions, production cycles, model changeovers, holidays, and sales. The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices they actually pay. Unadjusted data also are used extensively for escalation purposes. Many collective bargaining contract agreements and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes to the Consumer Price Index before adjustment for seasonal variation. Seasonal factors used in computing the seasonally adjusted indexes are derived by the X-12-ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method. Seasonally adjusted indexes and seasonal factors are computed annually. Each year, the last 5 years of seasonally adjusted data are revised. Data from January 2004 through December 2008 were replaced in January 2009. Exceptions to the usual revision schedule were: the updated seasonal data at the end of 1977 replaced data from 1967 through 1977; and, in January 2002, dependently seasonally adjusted series were revised for January 1987-December 2001 as a result of a change in the aggregation weights for dependently adjusted series. For further information, please see “Aggregation of Dependently Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted Series,” in the October 2001 issue of the CPI Detailed Report. The seasonal movement of all items and 54 other aggregations is derived by combining the seasonal movement of 73 selected components. Each year the seasonal status of every series is reevaluated based upon certain statistical criteria. If any of the 73 components change their seasonal adjustment status from seasonally adjusted to not seasonally adjusted, not seasonally adjusted data will be used in the aggregation of the dependent series for the last 5 years, but the seasonally adjusted indexes will be used before that period. Note: 47 of the 73 components are seasonally adjusted for 2009. Seasonally adjusted data, including the all items index levels, are subject to revision for up to five years after their original release. For this reason, BLS advises against the use of these data in escalation agreements. Effective with the calculation of the seasonal factors for 1990, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has used an enhanced seasonal adjustment procedure called Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment for some CPI series. Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment allows for better estimates of seasonally adjusted data. Extreme values and/or sharp movements which might distort the seasonal pattern are estimated and removed from the data prior to calculation of seasonal factors. Beginning with the calculation of seasonal factors for 1996, X-12ARIMA software was used for Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment. For the seasonal factors introduced in January 2009, BLS adjusted 29 series using Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment, including selected food and beverage items, motor fuels, electricity and vehicles. For example, this procedure was used for the Motor fuel series to offset the effects of events such as damage to oil refineries from Hurricane Katrina. For a complete list of Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment series and explanations, please refer to the article “Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment”, located on our website at http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpisapage.htm. For additional information on seasonal adjustment in the CPI, please write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price Indexes, Washington, DC 20212 or contact Jeff Wilson at (202) 691-6968, or by e-mail at Wilson.Jeff@bls.gov. If you have general questions about the CPI, please call our information staff at (202) 691-7000. Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-U Relative importance, December 2008 Unadjusted indexes Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Unadjusted percent change to Apr. 2009 from— Apr. 2008 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Mar. 2009 Jan. to Feb. Feb. to Mar. Mar. to Apr. Expenditure category All items ........................................................................................ All items (1967=100) .................................................................... 100.000 212.709 637.182 213.240 638.771 -0.7 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 - - - - - - Food and beverages .................................................................. Food ......................................................................................... Food at home ......................................................................... Cereals and bakery products ............................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs .............................................. Dairy and related products 1 ................................................ Fruits and vegetables ........................................................... Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ................ Other food at home .............................................................. Sugar and sweets .............................................................. Fats and oils ....................................................................... Other foods ........................................................................ Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ......................................... Food away from home 1 ......................................................... Other food away from home 1 2 ........................................... Alcoholic beverages ................................................................. 15.757 14.629 8.156 1.150 1.898 .910 1.194 .982 2.022 .300 .241 1.481 .433 6.474 .314 1.127 218.794 218.600 217.110 253.698 206.348 199.687 274.759 165.656 192.234 197.137 204.776 206.367 122.402 222.216 154.414 219.999 218.364 218.162 215.783 252.709 205.699 197.124 274.297 162.889 191.352 197.301 200.464 205.734 122.883 222.905 155.099 219.671 3.3 3.3 2.3 5.3 2.5 -5.1 .6 2.0 5.3 6.7 5.2 5.0 3.7 4.6 4.3 2.9 -.2 -.2 -.6 -.4 -.3 -1.3 -.2 -1.7 -.5 .1 -2.1 -.3 .4 .3 .4 -.1 -.1 -.1 -.4 -.5 -.1 -2.4 .4 -.4 -.3 .0 -1.1 -.2 -1.2 .3 .9 -.2 -.1 -.1 -.4 -.2 -.9 -2.4 .2 1.0 .0 .2 .1 .0 -.1 .1 -.2 .1 -.2 -.2 -.6 -.7 .0 -1.3 .0 -1.0 -.8 -.5 -1.4 -.8 .4 .3 .4 -.1 Housing ...................................................................................... Shelter ...................................................................................... Rent of primary residence 3 ................................................... Lodging away from home 2 .................................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 .................. Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ................................... Fuels and utilities ..................................................................... Household energy .................................................................. Fuel oil and other fuels ......................................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ................................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ................... Household furnishings and operations ..................................... Household operations 1 2 ....................................................... 43.421 33.200 5.957 2.478 24.433 .333 5.431 4.460 .301 4.159 .971 4.790 .781 217.374 249.597 248.639 137.715 256.321 120.737 210.501 188.736 230.837 194.752 158.052 129.669 150.914 217.126 249.855 248.899 137.700 256.622 120.675 207.175 184.903 228.107 190.686 158.698 129.654 150.809 1.0 1.6 3.1 -5.9 2.1 1.9 -2.9 -4.7 -33.5 -1.9 6.1 1.8 3.4 -.1 .1 .1 .0 .1 -.1 -1.6 -2.0 -1.2 -2.1 .4 .0 -.1 .0 .0 .1 -1.8 .1 .2 -.1 -.2 -1.8 .0 .1 .2 -.2 -.1 .0 .2 -2.4 .2 .0 -1.4 -1.8 -7.7 -1.4 .4 .3 .5 -.1 .2 .2 .5 .1 -.1 -1.7 -2.2 -2.1 -2.2 .6 .0 -.1 Apparel ....................................................................................... Men’s and boys’ apparel .......................................................... Women’s and girls’ apparel ...................................................... Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel ................................................... Footwear .................................................................................. 3.691 .923 1.541 .183 .688 122.545 117.748 111.079 115.548 126.707 123.208 117.195 111.871 117.084 128.057 .9 .5 .6 .6 1.5 .5 -.5 .7 1.3 1.1 1.3 2.8 .8 -1.1 .7 -.2 -.3 -.7 .6 .2 -.2 -1.7 .2 1.3 .4 Transportation ............................................................................ Private transportation ............................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 ............................................. New vehicles ........................................................................ Used cars and trucks ........................................................... Motor fuel ............................................................................... Gasoline (all types) .............................................................. Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ..................................... Motor vehicle maintenance and repair 1 ................................ Public transportation ................................................................ 15.314 14.189 6.931 4.480 1.628 3.164 2.964 .382 1.188 1.125 169.647 165.023 92.109 134.611 121.061 168.404 167.826 134.484 242.118 230.735 171.987 167.516 92.381 134.863 121.213 177.272 176.704 134.640 242.649 229.827 -13.4 -13.9 -1.7 -.2 -11.4 -39.8 -39.5 6.8 5.3 -5.9 1.4 1.5 .3 .2 .1 5.3 5.3 .1 .2 -.4 1.9 2.2 .5 .8 -1.7 7.6 8.3 .5 .3 -1.9 -1.1 -1.1 .0 .6 -1.7 -4.4 -4.0 .3 .2 -1.0 -.4 -.3 .4 .4 -.1 -2.6 -2.8 .1 .2 -.8 Medical care ............................................................................... Medical care commodities ........................................................ Medical care services ............................................................... Professional services ............................................................. Hospital and related services 3 .............................................. 6.390 1.625 4.765 2.702 1.545 373.189 302.908 394.837 317.460 560.995 374.170 303.979 395.753 317.661 564.785 3.0 2.4 3.3 2.7 6.5 .3 .4 .2 .1 .7 .3 .6 .3 .1 .8 .2 .2 .2 .0 .6 .4 .3 .4 .1 .9 See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-U Relative importance, December 2008 Unadjusted indexes Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Unadjusted percent change to Apr. 2009 from— Apr. 2008 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Mar. 2009 Jan. to Feb. Feb. to Mar. Mar. to Apr. Expenditure category Recreation 2 ............................................................................... Video and audio 2 .................................................................... 5.741 1.822 114.625 102.000 114.261 102.300 1.2 -1.1 -0.3 .3 0.4 .0 0.0 .0 -0.4 .1 Education and communication 2 ................................................ Education 2 .............................................................................. Educational books and supplies ............................................. Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ................................ Communication 2 ..................................................................... Information and information processing 1 2 ............................ Telephone services 1 2 ......................................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 ............. Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ............ 6.301 3.107 .221 2.886 3.194 3.022 2.408 .614 .214 126.187 187.298 472.185 538.813 84.922 82.022 101.991 9.872 86.213 126.273 187.416 472.507 539.149 84.985 82.090 102.072 9.881 85.714 3.4 5.4 6.9 5.3 1.6 1.4 2.6 -2.8 -13.3 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 -.6 .2 .4 .3 .5 .0 .0 .0 .1 -.9 .2 .5 .5 .5 .0 .0 .1 -.5 -1.7 .3 .4 .4 .4 .1 .1 .1 .1 -.6 Other goods and services .......................................................... Tobacco and smoking products 1 ............................................ Personal care ........................................................................... Personal care products 1 ....................................................... Personal care services 1 ........................................................ Miscellaneous personal services ........................................... 3.386 .776 2.610 .651 .647 1.074 361.156 679.078 204.117 162.696 227.982 341.570 370.606 742.443 204.896 163.777 227.913 342.641 7.9 28.8 1.9 2.7 2.3 1.5 2.6 9.3 .4 .7 .0 .3 .2 .7 .0 .0 .1 .1 2.7 11.0 .2 .1 .9 .0 2.6 9.3 .3 .7 .0 .2 39.556 15.757 23.799 13.289 3.691 9.598 10.510 60.444 32.867 .333 4.159 .971 .781 5.567 4.765 11.002 166.645 218.794 139.962 170.200 122.545 203.557 109.264 258.597 260.197 120.737 194.752 158.052 150.914 247.912 394.837 302.024 167.816 218.364 141.753 173.855 123.208 209.177 109.404 258.466 260.469 120.675 190.686 158.698 150.809 248.696 395.753 301.668 -4.6 3.3 -9.0 -13.5 .9 -17.8 -2.0 2.0 1.6 1.9 -1.9 6.1 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.0 .7 -.2 1.3 2.1 .5 2.8 .1 -.1 .1 -.1 -2.1 .4 -.1 .3 .2 -.1 .9 -.1 1.5 2.8 1.3 3.3 .1 .1 -.1 .2 .0 .1 -.2 .4 .3 .3 -.3 -.1 -.4 -1.2 -.2 -1.6 .0 .0 -.1 .0 -1.4 .4 .5 -.1 .2 .2 -.1 -.2 .0 -.7 -.2 -.6 .2 .0 .2 -.1 -2.2 .6 -.1 .3 .4 -.1 85.371 66.800 93.610 24.926 14.416 10.726 29.046 27.577 55.679 7.624 92.376 77.746 21.461 3.465 56.285 211.775 200.626 204.766 142.728 173.167 204.159 194.105 276.407 247.675 177.454 218.033 218.639 141.662 172.787 265.147 $ .470 $ .157 212.464 201.271 205.275 144.464 176.587 209.195 195.864 275.752 247.490 179.704 218.388 219.143 142.489 181.102 265.399 $ .469 $ .157 -1.4 -1.8 -1.0 -8.5 -12.4 -16.2 -5.4 2.5 1.9 -25.2 2.1 1.9 .9 -39.4 2.3 .3 .3 .2 1.2 2.0 2.5 .9 -.2 -.1 1.3 .2 .2 .6 4.8 .1 .5 .6 .4 1.4 2.6 3.0 1.2 .2 .0 3.3 .1 .2 .4 6.9 .1 -.1 -.2 -.2 -.4 -1.2 -1.5 -.7 -.1 -.1 -3.0 .1 .2 .4 -4.7 .1 .0 -.1 .0 .0 -.6 -.6 -.3 -.2 .0 -2.4 .2 .3 .5 -2.6 .2 - - - - - Commodity and service group Commodities ................................................................................ Food and beverages .................................................................. Commodities less food and beverages ...................................... Nondurables less food and beverages ..................................... Apparel ................................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ................................................................................... Services ....................................................................................... Rent of shelter 4 ......................................................................... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ....................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ....................... Household operations 1 2 ........................................................... Transportation services .............................................................. Medical care services ................................................................. Other services ............................................................................ Special indexes All items less food ........................................................................ All items less shelter .................................................................... All items less medical care ........................................................... Commodities less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food and apparel ............................................. Nondurables ................................................................................. Services less rent of shelter 4 ...................................................... Services less medical care services ............................................ Energy .......................................................................................... All items less energy .................................................................... All items less food and energy ................................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ..................... Energy commodities ............................................................... Services less energy services .................................................. Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1982-84=$1.00) ........ Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1967=$1.00) ............. - 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-U 6 months ended— July 2008 Oct. 2008 Jan. 2009 Apr. 2009 212.671 8.9 -3.1 -8.4 218.792 218.651 217.202 253.863 206.465 199.687 275.843 164.813 192.431 197.299 204.029 206.741 122.402 222.216 154.414 219.315 218.401 218.254 215.948 252.062 206.480 197.124 275.810 163.084 190.826 196.398 201.213 205.037 122.883 222.905 155.099 218.994 7.8 8.1 9.6 15.7 7.4 12.7 16.6 -.6 8.1 4.7 20.8 6.8 7.0 6.3 6.8 2.9 6.0 6.1 6.6 8.1 10.3 -2.3 -1.1 9.8 9.9 11.4 14.4 8.8 7.5 5.5 6.6 5.3 217.621 248.881 248.087 136.561 255.687 120.683 217.260 196.415 251.478 202.043 157.141 129.008 150.156 217.335 248.899 248.490 133.328 256.257 120.737 214.254 192.927 232.191 199.289 157.817 129.436 150.914 217.180 249.334 248.916 134.000 256.627 120.675 210.702 188.753 227.355 194.967 158.802 129.434 150.809 6.0 2.6 3.6 6.0 2.1 1.2 31.3 36.8 56.4 35.0 6.7 2.4 7.1 118.523 113.210 106.470 114.014 124.325 120.039 116.328 107.374 112.796 125.209 119.744 116.007 106.592 113.510 125.517 119.537 114.062 106.771 115.025 126.039 Transportation ................................................................... Private transportation ...................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 .................................... New vehicles ............................................................... Used cars and trucks .................................................. Motor fuel ...................................................................... Gasoline (all types) ..................................................... Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ............................ Motor vehicle maintenance and repair 1 ....................... Public transportation ....................................................... 169.489 164.414 91.534 132.132 125.893 169.176 166.839 133.414 241.076 239.071 172.759 168.067 91.997 133.199 123.757 182.030 180.685 134.108 241.689 234.648 170.903 166.252 92.016 134.020 121.704 173.947 173.498 134.484 242.118 232.294 Medical care ...................................................................... Medical care commodities .............................................. Medical care services ..................................................... Professional services .................................................... Hospital and related services 3 ..................................... 369.914 299.887 391.533 316.115 550.035 371.175 301.710 392.512 316.299 554.315 371.902 302.464 393.210 316.416 557.588 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 All items .............................................................................. 212.174 213.007 212.714 Food and beverages ......................................................... Food ................................................................................ Food at home ................................................................ Cereals and bakery products ...................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..................................... Dairy and related products 1 ....................................... Fruits and vegetables .................................................. Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ....... Other food at home ..................................................... Sugar and sweets ..................................................... Fats and oils .............................................................. Other foods ............................................................... Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ................................ Food away from home 1 ............................................... Other food away from home 1 2 .................................. Alcoholic beverages ........................................................ 219.309 219.193 218.879 255.719 208.536 209.632 274.270 163.804 192.914 197.086 205.904 207.193 124.012 221.319 153.402 219.504 219.076 218.970 217.968 254.347 208.389 204.537 275.374 163.173 192.419 196.990 203.729 206.838 122.580 221.968 154.726 219.141 Housing ............................................................................. Shelter ............................................................................. Rent of primary residence 3 .......................................... Lodging away from home 2 ........................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 ......... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ......................... Fuels and utilities ............................................................ Household energy ......................................................... Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................ Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .......... Household furnishings and operations ............................ Household operations 1 2 ............................................. 217.646 248.938 247.744 139.122 255.349 120.402 217.515 196.727 256.210 202.120 157.027 128.759 150.438 Apparel .............................................................................. Men’s and boys’ apparel ................................................. Women’s and girls’ apparel ............................................. Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel .......................................... Footwear ......................................................................... Oct. 2008 Apr. 2009 0.9 2.7 -3.9 1.4 1.1 -.9 4.0 -3.2 -5.7 -13.3 .8 8.0 12.7 -3.0 8.9 4.3 3.8 -.4 4.4 -1.6 -1.7 -5.2 -5.6 -3.9 -21.8 2.3 -1.7 -4.3 -1.4 -8.8 -4.1 -3.6 2.9 4.5 -.9 6.9 7.1 8.1 11.9 8.8 4.9 7.4 4.5 9.0 8.0 17.6 7.8 7.2 5.9 6.7 4.1 -.2 -.3 -3.1 -.9 -3.6 -14.1 -5.8 -.5 1.7 5.4 -5.9 2.2 .3 3.3 2.0 1.7 -.4 1.6 3.6 -5.1 1.9 3.9 -14.1 -18.2 -48.7 -14.5 9.7 3.1 4.8 -.3 1.4 3.1 -9.5 2.3 1.6 -9.8 -12.4 -60.6 -6.6 3.6 -.2 1.0 -.9 .6 1.9 -13.9 2.0 .9 -12.0 -15.3 -38.0 -13.4 4.6 2.1 1.0 2.7 2.1 3.6 .3 2.0 2.5 6.2 5.8 -10.4 7.5 8.2 2.7 5.9 -.6 1.0 2.5 -11.8 2.2 1.3 -10.9 -13.8 -50.6 -10.1 4.1 .9 1.0 3.6 -1.3 6.9 -4.6 5.0 -2.4 -2.1 -3.0 2.0 -5.2 -.9 2.3 -2.3 1.7 .8 3.5 3.0 1.1 3.6 5.6 .6 -1.7 1.8 -1.4 -.2 1.2 2.7 -.6 2.7 3.2 170.259 165.676 92.400 134.580 121.616 169.373 168.696 134.640 242.649 230.470 25.3 25.0 -1.2 .8 -7.7 80.2 79.9 10.1 7.6 30.1 -21.3 -21.9 -6.5 -6.9 -14.1 -46.8 -46.4 9.0 6.0 -12.8 -43.0 -44.4 -2.7 -1.9 -10.7 -86.3 -86.7 4.6 4.9 -19.9 1.8 3.1 3.8 7.6 -12.9 .5 4.5 3.7 2.6 -13.6 -.7 -1.2 -3.9 -3.1 -11.0 -2.1 -1.8 9.5 6.8 6.5 -23.8 -24.3 .5 2.8 -11.8 -62.9 -62.7 4.2 3.7 -16.8 373.257 303.357 394.734 316.667 562.843 2.0 -1.9 3.3 4.5 4.9 2.6 1.7 2.9 2.5 5.9 3.9 5.1 3.5 3.3 5.8 3.7 4.7 3.3 .7 9.6 2.3 -.1 3.1 3.5 5.4 3.8 4.9 3.4 2.0 7.7 Expenditure category See footnotes at end of table. Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-U 6 months ended— July 2008 Oct. 2008 Jan. 2009 Apr. 2009 114.030 101.741 2.3 -2.2 3.2 -.5 -0.5 -2.1 126.461 188.119 470.674 541.493 84.924 82.022 101.991 9.872 86.213 126.783 188.943 472.682 543.870 84.988 82.090 102.072 9.881 85.714 5.6 5.5 5.7 5.5 5.7 5.3 7.6 -3.2 -15.7 2.1 5.9 11.8 5.5 -1.4 -1.5 .3 -8.2 -18.7 351.139 611.549 203.328 162.508 225.895 341.519 360.782 679.078 203.836 162.696 227.982 341.437 370.031 742.443 204.462 163.777 227.913 342.001 4.9 14.9 2.2 -1.0 1.7 4.1 165.772 219.309 138.547 168.119 118.523 202.707 108.857 258.406 259.773 120.402 202.120 157.027 150.438 247.648 391.533 300.534 167.199 219.076 140.611 172.896 120.039 209.390 108.993 258.654 259.487 120.683 202.043 157.141 150.156 248.567 392.512 301.506 166.703 218.792 140.043 170.758 119.744 206.003 109.006 258.590 259.349 120.737 199.289 157.817 150.914 248.393 393.210 302.251 166.603 218.401 140.066 169.626 119.537 204.807 109.203 258.599 259.854 120.675 194.967 158.802 150.809 249.193 394.734 302.016 211.055 200.133 204.338 141.335 171.218 203.422 193.462 277.056 247.839 181.938 216.970 217.265 139.745 174.862 264.221 212.061 201.331 205.148 143.336 175.672 209.425 195.833 277.608 247.947 187.901 217.276 217.670 140.300 186.872 264.500 211.773 200.911 204.820 142.788 173.638 206.340 194.522 277.380 247.779 182.254 217.539 218.042 140.893 178.146 264.698 211.787 200.676 204.724 142.801 172.529 205.196 193.911 276.815 247.685 177.924 217.941 218.594 141.583 173.528 265.129 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Recreation 2 ...................................................................... Video and audio 2 ........................................................... 114.022 101.677 114.492 101.630 114.511 101.640 Education and communication 2 ....................................... Education 2 ..................................................................... Educational books and supplies ................................... Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ...................... Communication 2 ............................................................ Information and information processing 1 2 .................. Telephone services 1 2 ............................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 .... Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ... 125.900 186.426 466.752 536.592 84.926 82.030 101.880 9.919 88.522 126.187 187.249 468.101 539.023 84.944 82.052 101.895 9.926 87.696 Other goods and services ................................................. Tobacco and smoking products 1 ................................... Personal care .................................................................. Personal care products 1 .............................................. Personal care services 1 ............................................... Miscellaneous personal services .................................. 350.529 607.403 203.284 162.588 225.734 341.123 Oct. 2008 Apr. 2009 0.0 .3 2.7 -1.4 -0.2 -.9 3.3 4.8 4.9 4.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 -6.2 2.8 5.5 5.2 5.5 .3 .3 .8 -1.5 -12.1 3.8 5.7 8.7 5.5 2.1 1.8 3.9 -5.7 -17.2 3.1 5.2 5.0 5.2 1.1 1.1 1.3 .1 -9.2 2.6 2.0 2.8 2.1 3.3 3.1 1.5 5.2 .4 7.1 .3 -2.2 24.2 123.2 2.3 3.0 3.9 1.0 3.8 8.3 2.5 .5 2.5 3.6 12.2 53.2 1.4 5.0 2.1 -.6 13.2 7.8 16.4 34.9 3.6 42.5 -.7 5.9 2.6 1.2 35.0 6.7 7.1 9.8 3.3 4.8 -8.5 6.0 -15.9 -28.6 -2.4 -33.9 -5.0 .9 1.8 3.9 -14.5 9.7 4.8 2.0 2.9 2.9 -20.8 1.4 -31.9 -43.8 -.9 -53.6 -3.6 1.0 1.8 1.6 -6.6 3.6 1.0 .1 3.5 2.2 2.0 -1.6 4.5 3.6 3.5 4.2 1.3 .3 .1 .9 -13.4 4.6 1.0 2.5 3.3 2.0 1.8 6.9 -1.1 -1.9 .6 -2.9 -2.8 3.4 2.2 2.5 7.5 8.2 5.9 5.9 3.1 3.8 -10.1 -.2 -15.7 -23.7 1.2 -30.5 -1.2 .7 1.0 1.3 -10.1 4.1 1.0 1.3 3.4 2.1 9.0 12.0 9.4 15.8 32.7 39.0 19.6 9.4 5.8 60.3 3.9 3.1 1.1 78.6 3.9 -4.5 -5.3 -3.5 -15.2 -26.9 -31.4 -13.5 .2 1.0 -36.0 1.9 1.1 -1.7 -46.9 2.2 -9.9 -12.8 -9.2 -30.7 -41.3 -50.0 -23.4 1.0 1.1 -65.4 1.0 .9 -.9 -85.3 1.6 1.4 1.1 .8 4.2 3.1 3.5 .9 -.3 -.2 -8.5 1.8 2.5 5.4 -3.0 1.4 2.0 3.0 2.8 -.9 -1.5 -2.4 1.7 4.7 3.3 1.3 2.9 2.1 -.3 -2.6 3.1 -4.4 -6.1 -4.3 -15.0 -22.2 -28.0 -12.1 .3 .4 -43.8 1.4 1.7 2.2 -62.2 1.5 Expenditure category Commodity and service group Commodities ....................................................................... Food and beverages ......................................................... Commodities less food and beverages ............................. Nondurables less food and beverages ........................... Apparel .......................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .......... Durables .......................................................................... Services .............................................................................. Rent of shelter 4 ................................................................ Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ............................. Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ............................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .............. Household operations 1 2 ................................................. Transportation services ..................................................... Medical care services ....................................................... Other services ................................................................... Special indexes All items less food ............................................................... All items less shelter ........................................................... All items less medical care .................................................. Commodities less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food and apparel .................................... Nondurables ........................................................................ Services less rent of shelter 4 ............................................. Services less medical care services ................................... Energy ................................................................................. All items less energy ........................................................... All items less food and energy .......................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ........... Energy commodities ..................................................... Services less energy services ......................................... 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) All items CPI-U Indexes Percent change to Apr.2009 from— Pricing schedule 1 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 M 211.143 212.193 212.709 Northeast urban .............................................. Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ M M M 225.436 227.852 133.308 226.754 229.262 133.967 Midwest urban ................................................ Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... M M M 200.815 202.001 128.636 M South urban .................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... West urban ..................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Percent change to Mar.2009 from— Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Mar. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 213.240 -0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.7 0.2 227.309 229.749 134.411 227.840 230.400 134.547 -.1 .2 -.9 .5 .5 .4 .2 .3 .1 .2 .3 -.1 .8 .8 .8 .2 .2 .3 201.453 202.639 129.057 202.021 203.240 129.334 202.327 203.463 129.604 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 .4 .4 .4 .2 .1 .2 -.8 -.9 -.6 .6 .6 .5 .3 .3 .2 195.843 196.421 197.267 197.644 -1.6 .6 .2 -1.1 .7 .4 M M M 204.288 207.035 129.615 205.343 207.929 130.380 206.001 208.529 130.873 206.657 208.934 131.370 -.7 -.5 -.9 .6 .5 .8 .3 .2 .4 -.3 -.3 -.4 .8 .7 1.0 .3 .3 .4 M 205.766 206.671 206.927 207.898 -.4 .6 .5 .0 .6 .1 M M M 215.923 219.806 130.682 217.095 220.955 131.636 217.357 221.124 131.775 217.910 221.790 131.912 -.7 -.4 -1.3 .4 .4 .2 .3 .3 .1 -.5 -.4 -.8 .7 .6 .8 .1 .1 .1 M M M 193.412 130.135 203.409 194.354 130.855 203.999 194.750 131.230 204.672 195.207 131.557 205.421 -.5 -1.1 -.9 .4 .5 .7 .2 .2 .4 -.3 -.5 -.5 .7 .8 .6 .2 .3 .3 Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI ................... Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA ... New York-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA ......................................... M M 207.616 220.719 207.367 221.439 207.462 221.376 207.886 221.693 -2.2 -1.3 .3 .1 .2 .1 -1.9 -1.0 -.1 .3 .0 .0 M 233.402 234.663 235.067 235.582 .8 .4 .2 .8 .7 .2 Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT ..... Cleveland-Akron, OH ...................................... Dallas-Fort Worth, TX ..................................... Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV 6 ...... 1 1 1 1 230.806 198.232 198.623 137.598 - 232.155 199.457 200.039 138.620 - - - - -.4 -1.5 .7 .4 .6 .6 .7 .7 - Atlanta, GA ..................................................... Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI .............................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX .................... Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL ............................. Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD ........................................ San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ........... Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA .................... 2 2 2 2 - 199.190 201.913 187.972 220.589 - 199.210 202.373 189.701 220.740 -3.5 -1.4 .5 -.3 .0 .2 .9 .1 - - - - 2 2 2 - 220.262 222.166 224.737 - 221.686 223.854 225.918 -.9 .8 1.2 .6 .8 .5 - - - - U.S. city average ............................................ Region and area size2 Size classes A 4 .............................................................. B/C 3 ........................................................... D ................................................................. Selected local areas5 1 Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. 2 Regions defined as the four Census regions. See technical notes. 3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 4 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 5 In addition, the following metropolitan areas are published semiannually and appear in Tables 34 and 39 of the January and July issues of the CPI Detailed Report: Anchorage, AK; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN; Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO; Honolulu, HI; Kansas City, MO-KS; Milwaukee-Racine, WI; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI; Phoenix-Mesa, AZ; Pittsburgh, PA; Portland-Salem, OR-WA; St. Louis, MO-IL; San Diego, CA; Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL. 6 Indexes on a November 1996=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 4. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-W Relative importance, December 2008 Unadjusted indexes Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Unadjusted percent change to Apr. 2009 from— Apr. 2008 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Mar. 2009 Jan. to Feb. Feb. to Mar. Mar. to Apr. Expenditure category All items ........................................................................................ All items (1967=100) .................................................................... 100.000 207.218 617.239 207.925 619.344 -1.3 0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.0 - - - - - - Food and beverages .................................................................. Food ......................................................................................... Food at home ......................................................................... Cereals and bakery products ............................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs .............................................. Dairy and related products 1 ................................................ Fruits and vegetables ........................................................... Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ................ Other food at home .............................................................. Sugar and sweets .............................................................. Fats and oils ....................................................................... Other foods ........................................................................ Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ......................................... Food away from home 1 ......................................................... Other food away from home 1 2 ........................................... Alcoholic beverages ................................................................. 16.942 15.865 9.201 1.249 2.315 .992 1.266 1.167 2.212 .304 .274 1.634 .472 6.664 .233 1.077 218.119 217.855 215.922 254.395 206.094 198.048 271.727 165.437 191.594 196.015 205.693 206.468 122.837 222.336 154.054 220.500 217.653 217.376 214.654 253.556 205.527 195.714 271.771 162.464 190.650 195.858 201.474 205.820 123.112 222.957 154.414 220.243 3.4 3.4 2.4 5.4 2.6 -5.5 .6 2.3 5.2 6.6 5.2 5.0 3.7 4.8 4.8 3.1 -.2 -.2 -.6 -.3 -.3 -1.2 .0 -1.8 -.5 -.1 -2.1 -.3 .2 .3 .2 -.1 -.2 -.2 -.5 -.6 .0 -2.6 .2 -.3 -.3 .0 -.9 -.3 -1.2 .3 .7 -.2 -.1 -.1 -.3 -.1 -.9 -2.5 .1 1.2 .0 .4 -.1 .0 -.1 .1 -.3 .1 -.2 -.2 -.5 -.7 .0 -1.2 .2 -1.1 -.9 -.6 -1.2 -.9 .2 .3 .2 -.1 Housing ...................................................................................... Shelter ...................................................................................... Rent of primary residence 3 ................................................... Lodging away from home 2 .................................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 .................. Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ................................... Fuels and utilities ..................................................................... Household energy .................................................................. Fuel oil and other fuels ......................................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ................................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ................... Household furnishings and operations ..................................... Household operations 1 2 ....................................................... 41.313 31.224 8.279 1.209 21.430 .306 6.030 4.996 .283 4.713 1.035 4.059 .360 213.213 242.605 247.285 138.008 232.235 121.099 209.400 186.809 236.237 192.922 158.460 125.337 153.239 212.885 242.857 247.517 138.008 232.503 121.084 205.840 182.795 232.068 188.735 159.073 125.458 152.980 1.3 1.9 2.9 -5.4 2.0 2.0 -2.4 -4.1 -31.5 -1.9 6.2 1.9 3.1 -.2 .1 .1 .0 .1 .0 -1.7 -2.1 -1.8 -2.2 .4 .1 -.2 .1 .1 .1 -1.6 .1 .2 .0 .0 -2.3 .1 .1 .2 -.1 -.1 .1 .2 -2.3 .2 .1 -1.4 -1.8 -7.0 -1.5 .4 .2 .7 -.1 .1 .2 .4 .1 .0 -1.8 -2.3 -2.5 -2.3 .6 .2 -.2 Apparel ....................................................................................... Men’s and boys’ apparel .......................................................... Women’s and girls’ apparel ...................................................... Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel ................................................... Footwear .................................................................................. 3.979 1.024 1.568 .249 .840 122.162 118.735 110.380 117.944 126.858 122.709 117.834 110.990 119.873 128.312 .7 .6 .0 .6 1.7 .4 -.8 .6 1.6 1.1 1.0 2.8 .4 -.8 .6 -.3 -.5 -.8 .4 .4 -.3 -1.8 -.2 1.7 .4 Transportation ............................................................................ Private transportation ............................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 ............................................. New vehicles ........................................................................ Used cars and trucks ........................................................... Motor fuel ............................................................................... Gasoline (all types) .............................................................. Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ..................................... Motor vehicle maintenance and repair 1 ................................ Public transportation ................................................................ 17.067 16.284 7.627 4.057 2.863 4.029 3.770 .482 1.242 .784 165.978 162.659 89.418 135.744 121.669 169.060 168.574 134.485 244.650 229.034 168.539 165.299 89.620 135.911 121.850 177.982 177.510 134.614 245.180 228.525 -15.5 -15.9 -3.8 -.4 -11.5 -39.8 -39.5 6.8 5.2 -5.6 1.5 1.6 .2 .1 .1 5.3 5.3 .1 .2 -.2 2.0 2.1 .0 .7 -1.7 7.5 8.2 .5 .3 -2.0 -1.3 -1.3 -.3 .7 -1.7 -4.4 -3.9 .2 .2 -.7 -.5 -.5 .3 .3 .0 -2.6 -2.7 .1 .2 -.7 Medical care ............................................................................... Medical care commodities ........................................................ Medical care services ............................................................... Professional services ............................................................. Hospital and related services 3 .............................................. 5.355 1.320 4.035 2.234 1.338 373.541 294.728 396.489 320.231 557.167 374.599 295.699 397.553 320.407 561.516 3.1 2.4 3.3 2.8 6.7 .3 .3 .3 .1 .8 .4 .6 .3 .1 .7 .2 .3 .2 .1 .6 .4 .3 .4 .1 1.0 See footnotes at end of table. Table 4. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) CPI-W Relative importance, December 2008 Unadjusted indexes Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Unadjusted percent change to Apr. 2009 from— Apr. 2008 Seasonally adjusted percent change from— Mar. 2009 Jan. to Feb. Feb. to Mar. Mar. to Apr. Expenditure category Recreation 2 ............................................................................... Video and audio 2 .................................................................... 5.454 1.982 111.436 102.153 111.182 102.516 1.3 -.9 -0.2 .4 0.4 .1 0.0 -.1 -0.3 .3 Education and communication 2 ................................................ Education 2 .............................................................................. Educational books and supplies ............................................. Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ................................ Communication 2 ..................................................................... Information and information processing 1 2 ............................ Telephone services 1 2 ......................................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 ............. Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ............ 6.221 2.527 .219 2.308 3.694 3.568 2.965 .604 .202 122.087 184.824 474.880 520.146 87.615 85.595 101.977 10.378 86.004 122.152 184.892 474.950 520.348 87.671 85.655 102.048 10.385 85.406 3.1 5.3 6.8 5.2 1.7 1.6 2.5 -2.7 -13.6 .1 .0 .0 .0 .1 .1 .1 .1 -.7 .2 .4 .5 .4 .0 .1 .0 .2 -.6 .2 .5 .4 .5 .0 .0 .1 -.6 -1.8 .2 .4 .4 .4 .1 .1 .1 .1 -.7 Other goods and services .......................................................... Tobacco and smoking products 1 ............................................ Personal care ........................................................................... Personal care products 1 ....................................................... Personal care services 1 ........................................................ Miscellaneous personal services ........................................... 3.668 1.267 2.401 .662 .580 .947 380.208 682.115 202.099 162.516 228.201 344.021 394.902 747.906 203.010 163.911 228.119 345.016 11.3 29.3 2.1 2.7 2.3 1.8 3.9 9.6 .5 .9 .0 .3 .2 .7 .0 -.1 .1 .0 3.9 10.9 .2 .0 .9 .0 3.8 9.6 .4 .9 .0 .2 42.689 16.942 25.747 14.587 3.979 10.609 11.160 57.311 30.918 .306 4.713 1.035 .360 5.512 4.035 10.432 167.514 218.119 141.615 174.838 122.162 211.287 108.413 253.591 233.903 121.099 192.922 158.460 153.239 247.862 396.489 290.043 169.005 217.653 143.871 179.415 122.709 218.502 108.596 253.403 234.148 121.084 188.735 159.073 152.980 248.809 397.553 289.738 -5.5 3.4 -10.4 -14.8 .7 -19.2 -3.2 2.2 1.9 2.0 -1.9 6.2 3.1 4.1 3.3 2.8 .9 -.2 1.6 2.6 .4 3.4 .2 -.1 .1 .0 -2.2 .4 -.2 .4 .3 -.1 .8 -.2 1.5 3.1 1.0 3.7 -.1 .1 .0 .2 .1 .1 -.1 .4 .3 .3 -.3 -.1 -.4 -1.2 -.3 -1.4 -.2 .0 .1 .1 -1.5 .4 .7 .0 .2 .3 .0 -.2 .1 -.6 -.3 -.3 .2 .0 .1 .0 -2.3 .6 -.2 .4 .4 -.1 84.135 68.776 94.645 26.824 15.664 11.686 31.530 26.392 53.275 9.024 90.976 75.111 22.513 4.311 52.598 205.167 196.551 200.421 144.172 177.487 211.094 196.174 244.413 243.223 175.947 211.989 211.178 142.077 172.563 260.158 $ .483 $ .162 206.081 197.432 201.112 146.371 181.815 217.649 198.408 243.718 242.980 178.485 212.472 211.857 143.237 181.021 260.439 $ .481 $ .161 -2.1 -2.7 -1.6 -9.9 -13.8 -17.7 -6.3 2.4 2.1 -26.1 2.2 2.0 .8 -39.4 2.5 .4 .4 .3 1.5 2.4 3.1 1.1 -.3 -.1 1.4 .2 .3 .8 4.9 .1 .6 .6 .4 1.4 2.9 3.4 1.4 .2 .1 3.6 .1 .2 .2 7.0 .1 -.1 -.3 -.2 -.4 -1.1 -1.3 -.7 -.1 .0 -3.1 .2 .2 .5 -4.5 .1 .0 -.1 .0 .1 -.6 -.3 -.2 -.3 -.1 -2.4 .2 .3 .7 -2.6 .2 - - - - - Commodity and service group Commodities ................................................................................ Food and beverages .................................................................. Commodities less food and beverages ...................................... Nondurables less food and beverages ..................................... Apparel ................................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ................................................................................... Services ....................................................................................... Rent of shelter 4 ......................................................................... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ....................................... Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 ....................... Household operations 1 2 ........................................................... Transportation services .............................................................. Medical care services ................................................................. Other services ............................................................................ Special indexes All items less food ........................................................................ All items less shelter .................................................................... All items less medical care ........................................................... Commodities less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food ................................................................. Nondurables less food and apparel ............................................. Nondurables ................................................................................. Services less rent of shelter 4 ...................................................... Services less medical care services ............................................ Energy .......................................................................................... All items less energy .................................................................... All items less food and energy ................................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ..................... Energy commodities ............................................................... Services less energy services .................................................. Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1982-84=$1.00) ........ Purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1967=$1.00) ............. - 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1984=100 base 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 5. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-W 6 months ended— July 2008 Oct. 2008 Jan. 2009 Apr. 2009 207.352 9.9 -4.1 -10.5 218.079 217.881 215.965 254.555 206.190 198.048 272.783 164.563 191.720 196.202 204.559 206.801 122.837 222.336 154.054 219.507 217.672 217.462 214.802 252.843 206.191 195.714 273.381 162.761 190.049 195.060 202.186 204.983 123.112 222.957 154.414 219.265 8.1 8.4 9.8 15.8 7.6 13.0 18.2 -.6 8.4 4.7 20.1 7.3 7.8 6.5 8.1 3.5 6.3 6.4 6.9 8.4 10.7 -3.3 -1.0 11.0 9.8 11.3 14.8 8.7 6.8 5.7 7.3 5.1 213.680 242.000 246.739 137.170 231.675 120.960 216.077 194.282 255.111 200.210 157.531 124.754 152.168 213.463 242.257 247.150 133.991 232.200 121.099 213.084 190.862 237.288 197.294 158.223 125.029 153.239 213.190 242.595 247.522 134.472 232.489 121.084 209.329 186.541 231.388 192.851 159.211 125.303 152.980 6.4 2.5 3.5 4.6 1.9 1.1 31.1 36.4 51.7 35.2 6.4 2.7 8.0 118.677 114.105 106.642 116.306 124.556 119.854 117.255 107.054 115.319 125.352 119.478 116.702 106.208 115.748 125.880 119.065 114.576 106.000 117.751 126.391 Transportation ................................................................... Private transportation ...................................................... New and used motor vehicles 2 .................................... New vehicles ............................................................... Used cars and trucks .................................................. Motor fuel ...................................................................... Gasoline (all types) ..................................................... Motor vehicle parts and equipment 1 ............................ Motor vehicle maintenance and repair 1 ....................... Public transportation ....................................................... 166.362 162.806 89.682 133.378 126.534 169.900 167.678 133.645 243.594 236.685 169.627 166.302 89.662 134.277 124.356 182.697 181.433 134.264 244.219 231.991 167.435 164.112 89.419 135.162 122.304 174.688 174.331 134.485 244.650 230.256 Medical care ...................................................................... Medical care commodities .............................................. Medical care services ..................................................... Professional services .................................................... Hospital and related services 3 ..................................... 370.068 291.485 393.024 318.623 546.425 371.397 293.339 394.081 318.961 550.509 372.188 294.284 394.779 319.150 553.960 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 All items .............................................................................. 206.778 207.692 207.401 Food and beverages ......................................................... Food ................................................................................ Food at home ................................................................ Cereals and bakery products ...................................... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..................................... Dairy and related products 1 ....................................... Fruits and vegetables .................................................. Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials ....... Other food at home ..................................................... Sugar and sweets ..................................................... Fats and oils .............................................................. Other foods ............................................................... Other miscellaneous foods 1 2 ................................ Food away from home 1 ............................................... Other food away from home 1 2 .................................. Alcoholic beverages ........................................................ 218.714 218.536 217.690 256.432 208.092 208.530 272.072 163.227 192.226 195.556 206.547 207.338 124.477 221.497 153.397 219.832 218.371 218.207 216.694 254.813 208.151 203.023 272.522 162.689 191.629 195.485 204.738 206.781 122.994 222.101 154.520 219.285 Housing ............................................................................. Shelter ............................................................................. Rent of primary residence 3 .......................................... Lodging away from home 2 ........................................... Owners’ equivalent rent of primary residence 3 4 ......... Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ......................... Fuels and utilities ............................................................ Household energy ......................................................... Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................ Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ....................................... Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .......... Household furnishings and operations ............................ Household operations 1 2 ............................................. 213.570 241.879 246.440 139.451 231.392 120.715 216.117 194.348 261.002 200.013 157.447 124.546 152.273 Apparel .............................................................................. Men’s and boys’ apparel ................................................. Women’s and girls’ apparel ............................................. Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel .......................................... Footwear ......................................................................... Oct. 2008 Apr. 2009 1.1 2.7 -4.9 1.2 1.0 -1.3 3.8 -3.4 -6.0 -14.2 .4 7.7 11.9 -3.3 8.9 4.8 4.2 1.3 4.9 -1.9 -2.0 -5.2 -5.5 -3.6 -22.4 1.9 -1.1 -4.5 -1.0 -8.2 -4.5 -4.3 2.7 2.7 -1.0 7.2 7.4 8.3 12.1 9.1 4.6 8.2 5.0 9.1 8.0 17.4 8.0 7.3 6.1 7.7 4.3 -.3 -.5 -3.3 -.9 -3.5 -14.6 -6.5 -.4 1.4 5.3 -5.8 2.0 .1 3.4 2.0 1.9 -.3 2.0 3.4 -3.8 1.9 4.3 -12.8 -16.6 -45.6 -13.9 10.4 3.2 3.5 .1 2.1 3.0 -8.0 2.4 1.5 -9.2 -11.6 -56.9 -7.3 3.6 -.6 -.9 -.7 1.2 1.8 -13.5 1.9 1.2 -12.0 -15.1 -38.2 -13.6 4.6 2.5 1.9 3.0 2.2 3.4 .3 1.9 2.7 6.9 6.6 -9.2 7.9 8.4 2.9 5.8 -.3 1.6 2.4 -10.8 2.1 1.4 -10.6 -13.4 -48.4 -10.5 4.1 .9 .5 2.8 -1.5 5.4 -4.9 4.3 -1.6 -1.2 -1.0 .8 -4.4 .3 3.4 -1.7 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.7 -2.4 5.1 6.0 .6 -1.3 2.1 -2.1 -.1 .8 2.5 -2.1 3.3 3.6 166.620 163.332 89.667 135.612 122.256 170.137 169.566 134.614 245.180 228.536 26.5 26.3 -2.7 .5 -7.8 79.4 79.4 9.7 7.7 31.6 -23.4 -23.8 -8.3 -7.2 -14.2 -46.6 -46.5 9.9 5.8 -14.1 -46.8 -47.7 -3.9 -1.2 -10.8 -86.4 -86.6 4.8 4.9 -19.1 .6 1.3 -.1 6.9 -12.9 .6 4.6 2.9 2.6 -13.1 -1.6 -1.9 -5.6 -3.4 -11.1 -2.2 -2.1 9.8 6.7 6.4 -26.8 -27.2 -2.0 2.7 -11.8 -63.0 -62.6 3.9 3.8 -16.1 373.540 295.047 396.348 319.449 559.368 2.0 -1.9 3.3 4.2 5.2 2.8 1.9 3.2 2.6 5.9 3.8 4.8 3.5 3.3 5.8 3.8 5.0 3.4 1.0 9.8 2.4 .0 3.2 3.4 5.5 3.8 4.9 3.4 2.1 7.8 Expenditure category See footnotes at end of table. Table 5. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group-Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended— CPI-W 6 months ended— July 2008 Oct. 2008 Jan. 2009 Apr. 2009 110.976 102.023 2.3 -2.0 2.7 -.4 -0.5 -2.0 122.270 185.499 473.276 522.397 87.616 85.595 101.977 10.378 86.004 122.505 186.203 475.206 524.365 87.673 85.655 102.048 10.385 85.406 5.7 5.5 5.9 5.5 5.9 5.6 7.5 -2.6 -15.7 1.8 6.3 12.0 5.8 -1.2 -1.3 .2 -8.2 -19.5 365.470 615.012 201.381 162.543 226.088 343.601 379.874 682.115 201.817 162.516 228.201 343.711 394.363 747.906 202.554 163.911 228.119 344.376 6.6 15.2 2.3 -.9 1.6 4.6 166.831 218.714 140.426 172.433 118.677 209.548 108.637 253.417 233.312 120.715 200.013 157.447 152.273 247.099 393.024 288.590 168.242 218.371 142.519 177.755 119.854 217.299 108.475 253.785 233.328 120.960 200.210 157.531 152.168 248.087 394.081 289.415 167.715 218.079 141.910 175.626 119.478 214.185 108.251 253.811 233.478 121.099 197.294 158.223 153.239 248.145 394.779 290.152 167.690 217.672 142.044 174.600 119.065 213.527 108.461 253.695 233.802 121.084 192.851 159.211 152.980 249.142 396.348 289.907 204.532 196.211 200.078 142.991 175.208 209.514 195.377 245.075 243.374 180.037 210.987 209.834 140.375 174.341 259.134 205.662 197.425 200.971 145.025 180.246 216.564 198.015 245.607 243.578 186.446 211.226 210.188 140.675 186.476 259.521 205.378 196.931 200.650 144.434 178.203 213.688 196.725 245.340 243.498 180.751 211.602 210.707 141.363 178.042 259.892 205.393 196.739 200.558 144.560 177.208 213.033 196.298 244.695 243.313 176.359 212.088 211.378 142.367 173.415 260.282 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Recreation 2 ...................................................................... Video and audio 2 ........................................................... 110.813 101.794 111.309 101.852 111.324 101.751 Education and communication 2 ....................................... Education 2 ..................................................................... Educational books and supplies ................................... Tuition, other school fees, and childcare ...................... Communication 2 ............................................................ Information and information processing 1 2 .................. Telephone services 1 2 ............................................... Information technology, hardware and services 1 5 .... Personal computers and peripheral equipment 1 6 ... 121.817 183.869 469.011 517.817 87.598 85.581 101.876 10.418 88.178 122.064 184.662 471.367 520.014 87.639 85.624 101.890 10.442 87.622 Other goods and services ................................................. Tobacco and smoking products 1 ................................... Personal care .................................................................. Personal care products 1 .............................................. Personal care services 1 ............................................... Miscellaneous personal services .................................. 364.631 610.503 201.461 162.683 225.951 343.462 Oct. 2008 Apr. 2009 0.6 .9 2.5 -1.2 0.1 -.6 2.8 4.3 4.2 4.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 -6.6 2.3 5.2 5.4 5.2 .3 .3 .7 -1.3 -12.0 3.7 5.9 8.9 5.6 2.3 2.1 3.8 -5.5 -17.6 2.5 4.7 4.8 4.7 1.0 1.0 1.2 .2 -9.3 2.6 2.3 2.8 1.7 3.3 3.1 2.5 5.4 1.0 7.1 .3 -1.4 36.8 125.2 2.2 3.1 3.9 1.1 4.6 8.6 2.6 .4 2.4 3.8 18.4 54.1 1.6 5.1 2.1 -.2 14.6 8.1 18.4 40.1 2.8 47.5 -1.2 6.1 2.4 1.1 35.2 6.4 8.0 8.6 3.3 4.8 -9.9 6.3 -17.8 -31.5 -1.6 -36.8 -6.2 .9 2.2 4.3 -13.9 10.4 3.5 2.6 3.2 2.6 -23.7 1.2 -35.8 -47.8 .3 -57.7 -4.7 1.3 2.2 1.5 -7.3 3.6 -.9 1.9 3.5 2.0 2.1 -1.9 4.7 5.1 1.3 7.8 -.6 .4 .8 1.2 -13.6 4.6 1.9 3.3 3.4 1.8 1.7 7.2 -1.3 -2.0 .6 -3.4 -3.7 3.5 2.3 2.7 7.9 8.4 5.8 5.6 3.2 3.7 -11.8 -.3 -18.0 -25.9 .8 -32.4 -2.7 .9 1.5 1.4 -10.5 4.1 .5 2.6 3.4 1.9 10.2 13.2 10.3 17.9 37.7 44.1 22.0 10.0 6.0 61.2 3.8 2.9 1.0 78.1 3.7 -5.8 -6.6 -4.4 -17.1 -29.9 -34.6 -15.6 -.2 1.1 -36.3 1.9 1.0 -2.3 -46.6 2.5 -12.5 -15.6 -11.2 -34.6 -45.4 -54.5 -26.6 .9 1.4 -67.3 1.2 1.2 -1.0 -85.5 2.2 1.7 1.1 1.0 4.5 4.6 6.9 1.9 -.6 -.1 -7.9 2.1 3.0 5.8 -2.1 1.8 1.8 2.9 2.7 -1.1 -1.7 -2.9 1.5 4.8 3.5 1.3 2.9 1.9 -.7 -2.5 3.1 -5.7 -7.6 -5.3 -17.3 -24.4 -30.3 -13.5 .1 .7 -45.2 1.6 2.1 2.4 -62.4 2.0 Expenditure category Commodity and service group Commodities ....................................................................... Food and beverages ......................................................... Commodities less food and beverages ............................. Nondurables less food and beverages ........................... Apparel .......................................................................... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .......... Durables .......................................................................... Services .............................................................................. Rent of shelter 4 ................................................................ Tenants’ and household insurance 1 2 ............................. Gas (piped) and electricity 3 ............................................. Water and sewer and trash collection services 2 .............. Household operations 1 2 ................................................. Transportation services ..................................................... Medical care services ....................................................... Other services ................................................................... Special indexes All items less food ............................................................... All items less shelter ........................................................... All items less medical care .................................................. Commodities less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food ........................................................ Nondurables less food and apparel .................................... Nondurables ........................................................................ Services less rent of shelter 4 ............................................. Services less medical care services ................................... Energy ................................................................................. All items less energy ........................................................... All items less food and energy .......................................... Commodities less food and energy commodities ........... Energy commodities ..................................................... Services less energy services ......................................... 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. 3 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. 4 Indexes on a December 1984=100 base 5 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base. 6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 6. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) All items CPI-W Indexes Percent change to Apr.2009 from— Pricing schedule 1 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 M 205.700 206.708 207.218 Northeast urban .............................................. Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ M M M 221.704 222.707 133.345 222.945 224.084 133.908 Midwest urban ................................................ Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... M M M 195.245 195.621 127.768 M South urban .................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ............................................... West urban ..................................................... Size A - More than 1,500,000 ..................... Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,000 3 ................ Percent change to Mar.2009 from— Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Mar. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 207.925 -1.3 0.6 0.3 -0.9 0.7 0.2 223.626 224.597 134.558 224.252 225.214 134.951 -.2 .0 -.9 .6 .5 .8 .3 .3 .3 .2 .4 -.2 .9 .8 .9 .3 .2 .5 195.813 196.147 128.167 196.453 196.855 128.468 196.933 197.192 128.968 -1.9 -1.9 -1.8 .6 .5 .6 .2 .2 .4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 .6 .6 .5 .3 .4 .2 192.907 193.527 194.393 194.651 -2.3 .6 .1 -1.8 .8 .4 M M M 200.067 203.519 127.529 201.150 204.501 128.276 201.737 205.066 128.686 202.619 205.733 129.309 -1.5 -1.3 -1.6 .7 .6 .8 .4 .3 .5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 .8 .8 .9 .3 .3 .3 M 204.316 205.337 205.744 206.921 -1.3 .8 .6 -.9 .7 .2 M M M 209.367 211.857 129.639 210.492 212.890 130.649 210.661 212.965 130.674 211.386 213.646 131.103 -1.4 -1.1 -1.8 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 -1.2 -.9 -1.5 .6 .5 .8 .1 .0 .0 M M M 191.023 128.783 200.057 191.927 129.488 200.681 192.327 129.833 201.485 192.861 130.361 202.351 -1.0 -1.6 -1.7 .5 .7 .8 .3 .4 .4 -.7 -1.1 -1.4 .7 .8 .7 .2 .3 .4 Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI ................... Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA ... New York-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA ......................................... M M 200.222 212.454 199.944 213.234 200.218 213.013 200.607 213.405 -2.6 -2.1 .3 .1 .2 .2 -2.2 -1.6 .0 .3 .1 -.1 M 227.503 228.653 229.064 229.639 .6 .4 .3 .9 .7 .2 Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT ..... Cleveland-Akron, OH ...................................... Dallas-Fort Worth, TX ..................................... Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV 6 ...... 1 1 1 1 230.095 188.798 199.416 136.359 - 231.884 190.107 200.770 137.539 - - - - -.3 -1.5 -.6 .0 .8 .7 .7 .9 - Atlanta, GA ..................................................... Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI .............................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX .................... Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL ............................. Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD ........................................ San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ........... Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA .................... 2 2 2 2 - 197.528 196.191 185.015 217.635 - 197.676 197.239 186.970 217.900 -3.9 -1.9 -.8 -.7 .1 .5 1.1 .1 - - - - 2 2 2 - 219.356 216.797 218.752 - 220.732 218.587 220.208 -1.1 .3 .8 .6 .8 .7 - - - - U.S. city average ............................................ Region and area size2 Size classes A 4 .............................................................. B/C 3 ........................................................... D ................................................................. Selected local areas5 1 Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. 2 Regions defined as the four Census regions. See technical notes. 3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 4 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 5 In addition, the following metropolitan areas are published semiannually and appear in Tables 34 and 39 of the January and July issues of the CPI Detailed Report: Anchorage, AK; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN; Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO; Honolulu, HI; Kansas City, MO-KS; Milwaukee-Racine, WI; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI; Phoenix-Mesa, AZ; Pittsburgh, PA; Portland-Salem, OR-WA; St. Louis, MO-IL; San Diego, CA; Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL. 6 Indexes on a November 1996=100 base. - Data not available. NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 7. Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (December 1999=100, unless otherwise noted) C-CPI-U Relative importance, 2005-2006 Unadjusted percent change to Apr. 2009 from— Unadjusted indexes Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Expenditure category All items ...................................................................................... 100.000 122.182 122.506 -1.1 0.3 Food and beverages ................................................................ Food ....................................................................................... Food at home ....................................................................... Food away from home .......................................................... Alcoholic beverages ............................................................... 14.726 13.648 7.557 6.091 1.077 128.292 128.378 124.782 132.990 127.568 128.063 128.147 124.068 133.403 127.359 3.2 3.2 2.2 4.6 2.8 -.2 -.2 -.6 .3 -.2 Housing .................................................................................... Shelter .................................................................................... Fuels and utilities .................................................................... Household furnishings and operations ................................... 42.421 32.409 5.004 5.008 128.865 131.493 155.178 96.311 128.666 131.630 152.236 96.247 .9 1.5 -3.5 1.2 -.2 .1 -1.9 -.1 Apparel ..................................................................................... 3.988 90.588 91.148 .5 .6 Transportation .......................................................................... Private transportation ............................................................. Public transportation ............................................................... 17.393 16.285 1.108 113.432 113.571 112.767 115.183 115.477 112.313 -12.9 -13.4 -6.1 1.5 1.7 -.4 Medical care ............................................................................. Medical care commodities ...................................................... Medical care services ............................................................. 6.085 1.615 4.470 144.929 127.992 151.174 145.294 128.434 151.505 2.8 2.2 3.0 .3 .3 .2 Recreation ................................................................................ 5.935 105.740 105.284 .0 -.4 Education and communication ................................................. Education ............................................................................... Communication ...................................................................... 6.196 2.771 3.425 109.639 173.200 74.141 109.709 173.305 74.190 2.9 5.4 .9 .1 .1 .1 Other goods and services ........................................................ 3.257 130.478 133.394 4.6 2.2 58.427 41.573 11.817 29.756 77.561 8.790 133.731 108.187 80.852 122.155 118.459 149.828 133.605 109.023 80.935 123.424 118.688 152.229 1.7 -4.8 -2.7 -5.5 1.4 -25.5 -.1 .8 .1 1.0 .2 1.6 Commodity and service group Services ...................................................................................... Commodities .............................................................................. Durables ................................................................................... Nondurables ............................................................................... All items less food and energy ................................................. Energy ........................................................................................ Indexes for 2009 are initial estimates. Indexes for 2008 are interim adjustments. NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
