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TEXT Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 5. 5. Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number and and and and and and and and and and and and percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution distribution Technical information: G. Toscano (202) 606-6175 Media contact: K. Hoyle (202) 606-5902 of of of of of of of of of of of of fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal fatal occupational occupational occupational occupational USDL - 94 - 384 FOR RELEASE: 10 a.m. EDT Monday, May 15, 1995 NATIONAL CENSUS OF FATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES, 1993 Highway deaths and homicides together made up fully a third of fatalities due to work injuries in 1993. A total of 6,271 fatal work injuries occurred in 1993 according to the national Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. To compile counts that are as complete as possible, the BLS census uses multiple sources to identify, verify, and profile fatal work injuries. Key information about each workplace fatality (occupation and other worker characteristics, equipment being used, and circumstances of the event) is obtained by cross-referencing the source records, such as death certificates, workers' compensation records, and reports to federal and state agencies. Table 6 lists the data sources used in the national Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Profiles from the 1993 fatality census Highway traffic incidents led all other fatal events, accounting for 20 percent of the 6,271 fatal occupational injuries in 1993. About half of the highway deaths resulted from collisions between two or more vehicles, a fifth from overturned vehicles, and the rest mainly from crashing into a stationary object, such as a telephone pole or bridge abutment. (See table A.) Half of the workers killed in highway motor vehicle incidents were driving or riding in a truck. Highway fatalities typically occurred during daylight hours, between 9 a.m and 4 p.m. Homicide was the second leading manner of job-related death, accounting for 17 percent of the fatally injured workers in 1993. Robbery was the primary motive for homicide at work. Roughly one in seven of the victims of workplace homicide were killed by a work or personal associate. (See table B.) Workers in retail establishments, such as grocery stores and eating and drinking places, made up about half of the homicide victims. Taxicab drivers also were at particular risk of being shot while working. About four-fifths of the workplace homicide victims were men. But homicide was, by far, the most frequent manner in which women workers were fatally injured, accounting for 39 percent of their 481 fatal injuries. By comparison, homicides were 17 percent of the 5,790 fatal injuries to men at work. - 2 Table A. Percent distribution of job-related highway fatalities(1) by selected characteristics, 1993. Total highway fatalities: Number ................ 1,232 Percent ............... 100 Worker traits: Wage and salary workers ..... Self-employed ............... 88% 12 Men ......................... Women ....................... 90 10 Under 20 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 years years .............. years .............. years .............. years .............. years .............. and over ........... 2 9 25 25 20 20 ....................... ....................... or Pacific Islander.... or unknown ............ 85 10 1 4 Hispanic origin ............. 7 White Black Asian Other Event: Collision between vehicles .. Moving in same direction .. Head-on ................... At intersection ........... Moving and standing vehicle Collision with stationary object ................... Non-collision ............... Jack-knifed, overturned ... Ran off highway ........... Other or unspecified ........ 53 8 20 10 4 15 27 19 5 5 Source of injury(2): Highway vehicle, motored .... Automobile ................ Truck ..................... 95 28 55 Delivery truck .......... Dump truck .............. Pickup truck ............ Tractor trailer ......... Other vehicle ............... 3 1 10 27 5 - 3Major occupation: Executives, administrators, and managers .............. Professional specialties ..... Sales ........................ Administrative support ....... Service ...................... Police and detectives ...... Farmers, foresters, and fishers ................... Farming occupations ........ Precision production, craft, and repair ......... Mechanics and repairers .... Construction trades ........ Transportation and material movers ........... Truck drivers .............. Laborers ..................... Other occupations ............ 7% 6 8 3 8 4 7 6 9 4 4 44 38 4 4 Major industry: Agriculture, forestry, fishing ................... Mining ....................... Construction ................. Special trade contractors .. Manufacturing ................ Transportation and public utilities ................. Trucking and courier ....... Wholesale trade .............. Retail trade ................. Finance, insurance, real estate ............... Services ..................... Business services .......... Government ................... Federal .................... State ...................... Local ...................... 7 2 8 4 9 28 22 9 9 2 11 3 14 3 4 7 1 Highway fatalities include deaths to vehicle occupants resulting from traffic incidents that occur on the public roadway, shoulder, or surrounding area. It excludes incidents occurring entirely off the roadway, such as in parking lots and on farms; incidents involving trains; and deaths to pedestrians or other nonpassengers. 2 Identifies the vehicle in which the deceased was an occupant. NOTE: Data may not sum to totals because of the omission of miscellaneous categories and because of rounding. - 4 Table B. Percent distribution of job-related homicides by selected characteristics, 1993. Total homicides: Number ............... 1,063 Percent .............. 100 Worker traits: Wage and salary workers ..... Self-employed ............... 73% 27 Men ......................... Women ....................... 82 18 Under 20 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 years years .............. years .............. years .............. years .............. years .............. and over ........... 4 8 27 27 18 16 ....................... ....................... or Pacific Islander.... or unknown ............ 65 16 11 8 Hispanic origin ............. 17 White Black Asian Other Type of circumstance: Work associates ............. Co-worker, former co-worker ................ Customer, client .......... Personal acquaintances ...... Victim's husband, ex-husband ............... Boyfriend, ex-boyfriend ... Other relative ............ Other acquaintance ........ Police in the line of duty .. Security guard in the line of duty ............. Robberies and miscellaneous crimes ........... 10 6 4 4 1 1 1 1 6 5 75 Type of event: Shooting .................... Stabbing .................... Beating ..................... Other ....................... - 5 - 82 9 3 6 Major occupation: Executives, administrators, and managers ............. Food serving and lodging .. Professional specialties .... Sales ....................... Supervisors and proprietors .............. Cashiers .................. Administrative support ...... Service ..................... Police and detectives ..... Guards .................... Food preparation and service workers .......... Precision production, craft, and repair ............... Mechanics and repairers ... Transportation and material movers ................... Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ............... Laborers .................... Other occupations ........... 11% 6 3 33 17 9 4 20 6 5 5 6 3 12 9 5 6 Major industry: Agriculture, forestry, fishing .................. Construction ................ Manufacturing ............... Transportation and public utilities ................ Taxicabs .................. Wholesale trade ............. Retail trade ................ Grocery stores ............ Eating and drinking places. Gasoline service stations . Finance, insurance, real estate ................... Services .................... Business services ......... Government .................. Federal ................... State ..................... Local ..................... 1 2 4 12 9 2 49 17 14 5 3 15 4 12 2 2 8 NOTE: Data may not sum to totals because of the omission of miscellaneous categories and because of rounding. - 6 Other highlights on fatal events from table 1: * Transportation incidents occurring off the highways, such as those on farms or industrial premises; workers being struck by vehicles; and incidents involving air, water, or rail transport accounted for 20 percent of the fatal work injuries. Another 20 percent of the fatality total resulted from objects striking workers or from falls, while electrocutions and equipment entrapments each accounted for 5 percent of the total. Highlights of worker characteristics from table 2: * A large majority of the fatally injured workers were 25-54 years old. Workers age 55 and over, however, had a higher risk of a fatal injury than their 12 percent share of employment. * Ninety-two percent of the fatally injured workers were men, well above their 55 percent share of the nation's employment. Men are fatally injured more often than women workers primarily because of differences in the jobs men and women typically hold. * The self employed and those working in family businesses accounted for 21 percent of the workplace fatalities--double their share of the nation's workers. Highlights on occupations and industries from tables 3 and 4: * Occupations with the largest number of worker fatalities included: Transportation and material moving operations, including truck drivers and other motor vehicle operators; farm workers, timber cutters, and fishers; construction trade workers, such as carpenters and electricians; handlers, helpers, and laborers; and salesworkers, primarily in retail trade. * Among industry groups with the largest number of fatal work injuries were agricultural crop production; special trades construction contractors (for example, roofing and electrical work); trucking and warehousing; and local government (for example, police and fire protection). - 7 Highlights on location from table 5: * One-fourth of the fatal incidents occurred on a street or highway, primarily the result of highway motor vehicle incidents, and about one-fifth occurred at a construction site, warehouse, factory, or other industrial premise. About one out of every seven occurred in a public building such as a grocery store or other retail store, restaurant, office building, or school, the majority of which were homicides. Of special note are the roughly 200 fatalities occurring in a parking lot or garage, about half of which were homicides. Included in tables 2, 3, and 4 are 1993 annual average employment data collected in the BLS Current Population Survey. By comparing the percent distributions of the fatalities and employment the user can evaluate the relative risk of a job-related fatality for a given occupation, industry, or worker characteristic. For example, truck drivers accounted for about 12 percent of the fatality total which is 6 times greater than their share of total employment. While employment can be used to evaluate the relative risk of a fatal work injury, other measures such as employee exposure hours can also be used. State-specific data on workplace fatalities are available from the state agencies participating with BLS in the census program. Participating agencies and their telephone numbers are listed in table 7 of this release. Background of the program The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, part of the redesigned BLS safety and health statistics program, provides the most complete count of fatal work injuries available because it uses multiple state and federal data sources. This is the second year that the fatality census has been conducted in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, conducted since 1972, has been redesigned to estimate worker and case characteristics of nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses in addition to frequency counts and incidence rates by industry. Copies of the 1992 news release are available from BLS by calling 202-606-6304. Incidence rates for 1993 by industry will be published in December 1994. Information on 1993 worker and case characteristics will be published in April 1995. - 8 Note on 1992 Fatality Counts The BLS news release issued October 1,1993 reported a total of 6,083 fatal work injuries for calendar year 1992. Since then, an additional 134 job-related fatalities were identified, bringing the total job-related fatality count for 1992 to 6,217. To ensure that no legitimate case is excluded, states compiling the fatality information are instructed to update their previous year counts within one year of the initial release. The revised tables for 1992, along with more detailed 1993 data, will be included in a comprehensive report to be issued in early 1995. Table 6. Source documents used to compile information on fatal work injuries, 1993 ----------------------------------------------------------Fatalities Source document Number Percent ----------------------------------------------------------Total(1)....................... 6,271 100 Death certificates ............... State workers' compensation reports ........................ 4,409 78 2,244 36 Coroner, medical examiner, and autopsy reports ............ Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) reports(2) 3,195 51 1,840 29 News media ....................... 2,332 37 Followup questionnaires(3) ....... 1,310 21 State motor vehicle reports ...... 332 5 Other federal reports(4) ......... 283 5 Other reports(5).................. 3,775 61 ----------------------------------------------------------1 The total of source documents exceeds the total of verified cases because two or more source documents were used to substantiate each case. Note that some source documents were received only upon request. In general, these included autopsy, coroner, and medical examiner reports; followup questionnaires; and state motor vehicle reports. The number of death certificates shown are those received through "formal arrangements" and marked "at work." 2 This figure is not a comprehensive count of fatalities reported to or investigated by osha, but represents the available osha reports used to identify or substantiate a work injury fatality in the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program. 3 Includes telephone followup for missing data and for clarification of inconsistent data. - 9 4 Includes reports received from the Mine Safety and Health Administration, the Employment Standards Administration, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology program, the Department of Justice, the Department of Energy, and the National Transportation Safety Board. 5 Includes reports received from other organizations, such as state farm bureaus, local police departments, emergency medical services, and the National Association of Chiefs of Police. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in cooperation with federal and state agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993. Table 7. Participating state agencies and telephone numbers STATE AGENCY Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Dist. of Col. Department of Labor Department of Labor Industrial Commission Department of Labor Dept of Ind. Relations Department of Health Labor Department Department of Labor Comm. of Public Health TELEPHONE # (205) (907) (602) (501) (415) (303) (203) (302) (202) 242-3460 465-4539 542-3739 682-4542 703-5661 692-2164 566-4380 577-2889 727-0682 Florida Dept of Labor & Empl. Sec. (904) 922-8953 Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Department of Labor Dept. of Labor & Ind. Rel. Industrial Commission Department of Public Health Department of Labor Dept of Employment Services Dept of Health & Environment Labor Cabinet Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Standards (404) (808) (208) (217) (317) (515) (913) (502) (504) (207) 656-3032 586-9005 334-6050 785-1873 232-2679 281-5151 296-5641 564-2454 342-3126 624-6442 Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York Div. of Labor and Industry Department of Public Health Department of Labor Dept of Labor and Industry Department of Health Bur. of Health Serv. Stat. Dept of Labor and Industry Workers' Compensation Div. of Industrial Relations Department of Public Health Department of Health Health & Environment Div. Department of Health (410) (617) (517) (612) (601) (314) (800) (402) (702) (603) (609) (505) (518) 333-4202 727-2735 322-1851 297-7428 960-7741 751-6274 541-3904 471-3547 687-3293 271-4651 984-1863 827-2877 458-6228 New York City North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Department of Health (212) Department of Labor (919) Bureau of Labor Statistics (816) Department of Health (614) Department of Labor (405) Dept Consumer & Business Serv(503) Department of Health (717) 788-4585 733-2355 426-2481 466-4183 528-1500 373-1352 783-2548 Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Department of Health Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Department of Labor Workers' Compensation Comm. Industrial Commission Dept of Labor and Industry Dept of Labor and Industry Dept of Labor and Industries Department of Labor Workers' Compensation Div. Department of Employment 277-2812 734-9661 426-2481 741-1991 440-3864 530-6823 828-2765 786-6427 956-5509 558-7890 266-7850 777-5646 - 10 - (401) (803) (816) (615) (512) (801) (802) (804) (206) (304) (608) (307) TECHNICAL NOTES Definitions For a fatality to be considered within the scope of the program, the decedent must have been employed (that is working for pay, compensation, or profit) at the time of the event, engaged in a legal work activity, or present at the site of the incident as a requirement of his or her job. These criteria are generally broader than those used by federal and state agencies administering specific laws and regulations. (Fatalities that occur during a person's commute to or from work are excluded from the census counts.) Data presented in this release include deaths occurring in 1993 that resulted from traumatic occupational injuries. An injury is defined as any intentional or unintentional wound or damage to the body resulting from acute exposure to energy, such as heat or electricity or kinetic energy from a crash, or from the absence of such essentials as heat or oxygen caused by a specific event or incident or series of events within a single workday or shift. Included are open wounds, intracranial and internal injuries, heatstroke, hypothermia, asphyxiations, acute poisonings resulting from a short-term exposure (limited to the worker's shift), suicides and homicides, and work injuries listed as underlying or contributory causes of death. Information on work-related fatal illnesses are excluded from the BLS census and the attached tables because of the latency period of many occupational illnesses and the resulting difficulties associated with linking illnesses to work. Partial information on fatal occupational illnesses, - 11 compiled separately, will be made available to researchers upon written request. Measurement techniques and limitations Data for the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries are compiled from various state and federal administrative sources--including death certificates, workers' compensation reports and claims, reports to various regulatory agencies, and medical examiner reports--as well as news reports. Multiple sources are used because studies have shown that no single source captures all job-related fatalities. Source documents are matched so that each fatality is counted only once. To ensure that a fatality occurred while the decedent was at work, information is verified from two or more independent source documents, or from a source document and a followup questionnaire. Approximately 30 data elements are collected, coded, and tabulated, including information about the worker, the fatal incident, and the machinery or equipment involved. Identification and verification of work-related fatalities. Because some state laws and regulations prohibit enumerators from contacting the next-of-kin, it was not possible to independently verify work relationship (whether a fatality is job related) for 277 fatal work injuries in 1993; however, the information on the initiating source document for these cases was sufficient to determine that the circumstances of the incident was likely to be job related. Data for these fatalities, which primarily affected self-employed workers, are included in the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries counts. An additional 49 fatalities submitted by states were not included because the initiating source document had insufficient information to determine work relationship, which could not be verified by either an independent source document or a followup questionnaire. States may identify additional fatal work injuries after data collection closeout for a reference year. In addition, other fatalities excluded from the published count because of insufficient information to determine work relationship may be subsequently verified as work related. States, therefore, have up to one year to update their initial published State counts. This procedure ensures that fatality data are disseminated as quickly as possible and that no legitimate case is excluded from the counts. As data collection methods improve, future fatal work injury counts may become more complete. - 12 Federal/state agency coverage The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries includes data for all fatal work injuries, whether they are covered by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) or other federal or state agencies or are outside the scope of regulatory coverage. Thus, any comparison between the BLS census counts and those released by other agencies should take into account the different coverage and definitions being used. Several federal and state agencies have jurisdiction over workplace safety and health. OSHA and affiliated agencies in states with approved safety programs cover the largest portion of America's workers. However, injuries and illnesses occurring in several other industries, such as coal, metal and nonmetal mining, and transportation on water, rails, or in the air, are excluded from OSHA coverage because they are covered by other federal agencies, such as the Mine Safety and Health Administration, the U.S. Coast Guard, the Federal Railroad Administration, and the Federal Aviation Administration. Fatalities occurring in industries regulated by federal agencies other than OSHA accounted for about 11 percent of the fatal work injuries for 1993. Fatalities occurring among several other groups of workers are generally not covered by any federal or state agencies. These groups include self-employed and unpaid family workers, which accounted for about 21 percent of the fatalities; laborers on small farms, accounting for about 5 percent of the fatalities; and state and local government employees in states without OSHA-approved safety programs, about 4 percent. (About one-half of the states have approved OSHA safety programs which include state and local government employees in their coverage.) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: BLS thanks the participating states for their efforts in achieving the objectives of this program: To collect and publish data on fatal work injuries that are timely, accurate, comprehensive, and useful for injury prevention. BLS also appreciates the efforts of all state and federal agencies that submitted source documents used to identify fatal work injuries. Among these agencies are the Occupational Safety and Health Administration; the National Transportation Safety Board; the Department of Justice (Bureau of Justice Assistance); the Mine Safety and Health Administration; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; the Employment Standards Administration (Federal Employees' Compensation and Longshore and Harbor Workers' divisions); the Department of Energy; the National Association of Chiefs of Police; the state vital statistics registrars, coroners, and medical examiners; the state departments of health, labor, and industries, and workers' compensation agencies; the state highway departments; and the state farm bureaus. - 13 ############################################################ DEVELOPMENTAL FATALITY RATES On a developmental basis, fatality counts from the BLS census are combined with information on employment to estimate how frequently groups of workers sustain fatal work injuries. The results of this work, along with information about their interpretation and limitations, will be published in a future issue of the BLS Monthly Labor Review. For additional information, contact the Office of Safety, Health, and Working Conditions at 202-606-6175. Table 1. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries by event or exposure,1993 __________________________________________________ | Fatalities Event or exposure(1) |___________________ | Number | Percent __________________________________________________ Total.......................| 6,271 | 100 | | Transportation incidents......| 2,482 | 40 Highway.....................| 1,232 | 20 Collision between | | vehicles, mobile | | equipment..............| 652 | 10 Vehicle struck stationary | | object or equipment....| 188 | 3 Noncollision..............| 333 | 5 Nonhighway (farm, industrial| | premises)................| 392 | 6 Aircraft....................| 280 | 4 Worker struck by a vehicle..| 361 | 6 Water vehicle...............| 119 | 2 Railway.....................| 85 | 1 | | Assaults and violent acts.....| 1,309 | 21 Homicides...................| 1,063 | 17 Shooting..................| 874 | 14 Stabbing..................| 95 | 2 Self-inflicted injury.......| 215 | 3 | | Contact with objects and | | equipment..................| 1,039 | 17 Struck by object............| 563 | 9 Struck by falling object..| 345 | 6 Struck by flying object...| 81 | 1 Caught in or compressed by | | equipment or objects.....| 308 Caught in or crushed in | collapsing materials.....| 138 See footnotes at end | 5 | | 2?________________________________________________ of table Table 1. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries by event or exposure,1993 __________________________________________________ | Fatalities Event or exposure(1) |___________________ | Number | Percent __________________________________________________ Falls.........................| 611 | 10 Fall to lower level.........| 530 | 8 Fall on same level..........| 46 | 1 | | Exposure to harmful substances| | or environments............| 590 | 9 Contact with electric | | current..................| 324 | 5 Exposure to caustic, | | noxious, or allergenic | | substances...............| 116 | 2 Oxygen deficiency...........| 111 | 2 Drowning, submersion......| 89 | 1 | | Fires and explosions..........| 201 | 3 | | Other events or exposures(2)..| 39 | 1 __________________________________________________ 1 Based on the 1992 BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification Structures. 2 Includes the category "Bodily reaction and exertion." NOTE: Totals for major categories may include subcategories not shown separately. Percentages may not add to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993. Table 2. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by selected worker characteristics, 1993 _______________________________________________________ | | Characteristics | Fatalities | Employment(1) | | (in thousands) --------------------|---------------------------------| | | | |Number| Percent| Number | Percent | | | | _______________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | Total.............|6,271 | 100 | 120,791 | 100 | | | | Employee status | | | | | | | | Wage and salary | | | | workers..........|4,981 | 79 | 110,133| 91 Self-employed(2)....|1,290 | 21 | 10,658| 9 | | | | Sex and age | | | | | | | | Men.................|5,790 | 92 | 66,029| 55 Women...............| 481 | 8 | 54,761| 45 | | | | Both sexes: | | | | Under 16 years....| 29 | | | 16 to 17 years....| 39 | 1 | 2,142| 2 18 to 19 years....| 101 | 2 | 3,388| 3 20 to 24 years....| 502 | 8 | 12,613| 10 25 to 34 years....|1,510 | 24 | 32,703| 27 35 to 44 years....|1,576 | 25 | 32,691| 27 45 to 54 years....|1,193 | 19 | 22,450| 19 55 to 64 years....| 801 | 13 | 11,313| 9 65 years and over.| 514 | 8 | 3,409| 3 | | | | Race | | | | | | | | White...............|5,106 | 81 | 103,917 | 86 Black...............| 664 | 11 | 12,444| 10 Asian or Pacific | | | | Islander.........| 190 | 3 | | American Indian, | | | | Aleut, Eskimo....| 47 | 1 | | Other...............| 263 | 4 | | | | | | Hispanic origin | | | | | | | | Hispanic(3).........| 604 | 10 | 9,272| 8 _______________________________________________________ 1 The employment is an annual average of employed civilians 16 years of age and older, plus resident armed forces, from the BLS Current Population Survey, 1993. Table 2. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by selected worker characteristics, 1993. - Continued?________________________________________________ 2 Includes paid and unpaid family workers, and may include owners of incorporated businesses, or members of partnerships. 3 Persons identified as Hispanic may be of any race. Hispanic employment does not include resident armed forces. NOTE: Totals for major categories may include subcategories not shown separately. Percentages may not add to totals because of rounding. Dashes indicate data that are not available or do not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993. Table 3. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by occupation, 1993. _________________________________________________________ | | | |Employme|Fataliti-| nt(2) | es | (in | |thousandOccupation(1) | | s) ________________________ | | | | |Num-|Per-|Number |Per| ber|cent| |cent _________________________________________________________ Total.........................|6271| 100| 120,791| 100 | | | | Managerial and professional | | | | specialty....................| 681| 11| 32,280| 27 Executive, administrative, and| | | | managerial................| 427| 7| 15,376| 13 Professional specialty........| 254| 4| 16,904| 14 | | | | Technical, sales, and | | | | administrative support.......| 842| 13| 36,814| 30 Technicians and related | | | | support occupations........| 167| 3| 4,014| 3 _______________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 3. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by occupation, 1993. - Continued _________________________________________________________ | | | |Employme|Fataliti-| nt(2) | es | (in | |thousandOccupation(1) | | s) ________________________ | | | | |Num-|Per-|Number |Per| ber|cent| |cent _________________________________________________________ Airplane pilots and | navigators...............| Sales occupations.............| Administrative support | occupations, including | clerical...................| | Service occupations.............| Protective service occupations| Firefighting and fire | prevention | occupations, including | | 104| 556| | | 119| | 539| 288| | | | | 2| 9| | | 2| | 9| 5| | | | | 101| 14,245| | | 18,555| | 16,522| 2,152| | | | 12 15 14 2 supervisors..............| 39| 1| 244| Police and detectives, | | | | including supervisors....| 149| 2| 1,019| 1 Guards, including | | | | supervisors..............| 100| 2| 889| 1 | | | | Farming, forestry, and fishing..| 961| 15| 3,326| 3 Farming operators and managers| 409| 7| 1,170| 1 Other agricultural and related| | | | occupations................| 214| 3| 1,963| 2 Farm workers, including | | | | supervisors..............| 209| 3| 838| 1 Forestry and logging | | | | occupations................| 142| 2| 132| Timber cutting and logging | | | | occupations..............| 124| 2| 93| Fishers, hunters, and trappers| 91| 1| 61| Fishers.....................| 79| 1| 51| Precision production, craft, and| | | | repair.......................|1095| 17| 13,326| 11 Mechanics and repairers.......| 317| 5| 4,416| 4 Construction trades...........| 565| 9| 5,004| 4 Carpenters..................| 96| 2| 1,276| 1 Electricians................| 78| 1| 666| 1 Electrical power installers | | | | and repairers............| 42| 1| 110| -? ________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 3. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by occupation, 1993. - Continued _________________________________________________________ | | | |Employme|Fataliti-| nt(2) | es | (in | |thousandOccupation(1) | | s) ________________________ | | | | |Num-|Per-|Number |Per| ber|cent| |cent _________________________________________________________ Structural metal workers....| 34| | | Operators, fabricators, and | | laborers.....................|1959| Machine operators, assemblers,| | and inspectors.............| 205| Transportation and material | | moving occupations.........|1182| Motor vehicle operators.....| 917| Truck drivers.............| 731| Driver-sales workers......| 41| Taxicab drivers and | | chauffeurs.............| 113| Material moving equipment | | operators................| 180| Handlers, equipment cleaners, | | 1| | | 31| | 3| | 19| 15| 12| 1| | 2| | 3| | 45| | | 17,038| | 7,415| | 5,004| 3,825| 2,786| 178| | 225| | 1,009| | - 14 6 4 3 2 1 helpers, and laborers......| 572| 9| 4,619| 4 Construction laborers.......| 218| 3| 658| 1 Laborers, except | | | | construction.............| 202| 3| 1,127| 1 | | | | Military........................| 121| 2| 1,485| 1 ________________________________________________________ 1 Based on the 1990 Occupational Classification System developed by the Bureau of the Census. 2 The employment is an annual average of employed civilians 16 years of age and older, plus resident armed forces, from the BLS Current Population Survey, 1993. Dashes indicate that value is less than one percent. NOTE: Totals for major categories may include subcategories not shown separately. Percentages may not add to totals because of rounding. There were 73 fatalities for which there was insufficient information to determine an occupation classification. Table 3. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by occupation, 1993. - Continued?____________________________________________________ SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993. Table 4. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by industry ,1993 __________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Fatalities |Employment(2) | SIC| |(in thousands) Industry |cod-|--------------|--------------|e(1)|Number|Percent| Number|Percent ______________________________|____|______|_______|_______|_______ Total...................| |6,271 | 100 |120,791| 100 | | | | | Private industry..........| |5,590 | 89 |100,791| 83 | | | | | Agriculture, forestry and | | | | | fishing....................| | 855 | 14 | 3,172| 3 Agricultural production | | | | | crops....................| 01 | 398 | 6 | 900| 1 Agricultural production | | | | | livestock................| 02 | 209 | 3 | 1,160| 1 Agricultural services.......| 07 | 153 | 2 | 163| | | | | | Mining........................| | 174 | 3 | 669| 1 Coal mining.................| 12 | 40 | 1 | 114| Oil and gas extraction......| 13 | 94 | 1 | 371| | | | | | Construction..................| | 924 | 15 | 6,724| 6 General building contractors| 15 | 152 | 2 | | Heavy construction, except | | | | | building.................| 16 | 255 | 4 | | Special trades contractors..| 17 | 517 | 8 | | | | | | | Manufacturing.................| | 762 | 12 | 19,444| 16 Food and kindred products...| 20 | 82 | 1 | 1,760| 1 Lumber and wood products....| 24 | 204 | 3 | 704| 1 | | | | | Transportation and public | | | | | utilities..................| | 890 | 14 | 6,867| 6 Local and interurban | | | | | passenger transportation.| 41 | 130 | 2 | 472| Trucking and warehousing....| 42 | 467 | 7 | 2,163| 2 Transportation by air.......| 45 | 79 | 1 | 724| 1? __________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table Table 4. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries and employment by industry ,1993 - Continued __________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Fatalities |Employment(2) | SIC| |(in thousands) Industry |cod-|--------------|--------------|e(1)|Number|Percent| Number|Percent ______________________________|____|______|_______|_______|_______ | | | | | Electric, gas, and sanitary | | | | | services.................| 49 | 72 | 1 | 1,597| 1 | | | | | Wholesale trade...............| | 250 | 4 | 4,598| 4 | | | | | Retail trade..................| | 784 | 13 | 20,070| 17 Food stores.................| 54 | 223 | 4 | 3,412| 3 Automotive dealers and | | | | | service stations.........| 55 | 138| 2 | 2,041| 2 Eating and drinking places..| 58 | 199| 3 | 6,036| 5 | | | | | Finance, insurance, and real | | | | | estate.....................| | 116| 2 | 7,728| 6 | | | | | Services......................| | 758| 12 | 31,516| 26 Business services...........| 73 | 188| 3 | 4,643| 4 Automotive repair, services,| | | | | and parking..............| 75 | 116| 2 | 1,470| 1 | | | | | Government(3).............| | 681| 11 | 20,001| 17 Federal (including resident | | | | | armed forces)............| | 186| 3 | 4,941| 4 State.......................| | 146| 2 | 4,905| 4 Local.......................| | 340| 5 | 10,155| 8 Police protection.........|9221| 87| 1 | | __________________________________________________________________ 1 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition. 2 The employment is an annual average of employed civilians 16 years of age and older, plus resident armed forces, from the BLS Current Population Survey, 1993. 3 Includes fatalities to workers employed by governmental organizations regardless of industry. NOTE: Totals for major categories may include subcategories not shown separately. Percentages may not add to totals because of rounding. There were 77 fatalities for which there was insufficient information to determine a specific industry classification, though a distinction between private and government was made for each. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993. Table 5. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries by location of incident and event or exposure, 1993 __________________________________________________________________ | | Event or exposure(1) _____________________________________________ | | | | | Fatalities | Trans- |Assaults | Contact ______________|portation| and | with Location | | |incidents| violent | objects |Num-| Percent | | acts | and | ber| | | |equipment ___________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Total...............|6271| 100 | 40 | 21 | 17 | | | | | Street or highway.....|1740| 100 | 85 | 8 | 3 | | | | | Industrial place or | | | | | premise............|1373| 100 | 15 | 8 | 33 Industrial place and| | | | | premises, | | | | | unspecified......| 230| 100 | 5 | 7 | 43 Dockyard............| 39| 100 | 28 | 8 | 28 Loading platform, | | | | | factory or store.| 73| 100 | 18 | 7 | 40 Railway yard, | | | | | includes railway | | | | | line, tracks.....| 85| 100 | 76 | 7 | 4 Warehouse...........| 75| 100 | 15 | 27 | 24 Construction site...| 398| 100 | 11 | 3 | 30 Industrial place or | | | | | premises, nec....| 380| 100 | 9 | 13 | 34 | | | | | Other specified | | | | | place(2)...........|1016| 100 | 42 | 17 | 18 Parking lot, garage | | | | | (employer's | | | | | premises)........| 149| 100 | 15 | 50 | 12 Parking lot, garage | | | | | (except | | | | | employer's | | | | | premises)........| 62| 100 | 11 | 44 | 23 River...............| 69| 100 | 72 | 4 | 6 Sea.................| 120| 100 | 72 | | 3 | | | | | Public building(3)....| 964| 100 | 1 | 76 | 4 Market, grocery or | | | | | other commodity..| 244| 100 | | 95 | - ___________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. Table 5. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries by location of incident and event or exposure, 1993 - Continued ____________________________________________________ | | Event or exposure(1) _____________________________ | | | | | Exposure| | | to | Location | | harmful |Fires and | Falls | sub- |explosio| | stances | ns | | or | | | environ-| | | ments | ____________________________________________________ | | | Total...............| 10 | 9 | 3 | | | Street or highway.....| 1 | 2 | | | | Industrial place or | | | premise............| 21 | 15 | 7 Industrial place and| | | premises, | | | unspecified......| 11 | 20 | 12 Dockyard............| 23 | 10 | Loading platform, | | | factory or store.| 16 | 14 | 4 Railway yard, | | | includes railway | | | line, tracks.....| 7 | 4 | Warehouse...........| 21 | 12 | Construction site...| 38 | 15 | 2 Industrial place or | | | premises, nec....| 14 | 19 | 11 | | | Other specified | | | place(2)...........| 8 | 12 | 3 Parking lot, garage | | | (employer's | | | premises)........| 7 | 9 | 7 Parking lot, garage | | | (except | | | employer's | | | premises)........| 6 | 10 | 5 River...............| | 14 | Sea.................| 6 | 17 | | | | Public building(3)....| 9 | 6 | 3 Market, grocery or | | | other commodity..| 3 | 2 | ____________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. Table 5. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries by location of incident and event or exposure, 1993 Continued ___________________________________________________________________ | | Event or exposure(1) ____________________________________________ | | | | | Fatalities | | | ______________|Trans| Assaults|Contact Location | | |portation| and | with | | |incidents| violent | objects |Num-| | | acts | and | ber| Percent | | |equipment ___________________________________________________________________ | | | | | Office building.....| 125| 100 | | 72 | 6 Restaurant, cafe....| 127| 100 | | 83 | Shop, commercial, | | | | | store, (except | | | | | grocery).........| 225| 100 | 2 | 78 | 6 School (State, | | | | | public, private).| 40| 100 | | 28 | 10 | | | | | Farm..................| 641| 100 | 47 | 5 | 32 Farm buildings......| 66| 100 | 6 | 6 | 44 Farm land under | | | | | cultivation, | | | | | fields, meadows..| 207| 100 | 66 | 3 | 23 | | | | | Private residence(4)..| 231| 100 | 5 | 26 | 13 Apartment...........| 50| 100 | | 42 | | | | | | Mine, quarry..........| 104| 100 | 13 | | 59 Mine................| 48| 100 | 8 | | 73 | | | | | Place for recreation | | | | | and sport..........| 71| 100 | 23 | 13 | 10 Recreational and | | | | | sports areas, nec| 40| 100 | 28 | 8 | 8 | | | | | Residential | | | | | institution(5).....| 37| 100 | | 46 | 22 | | | | | Unspecified place.....| 94| 100 | 19 | 19 | 14 ___________________________________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. Table 5. Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational injuries by location of incident and event or exposure, 1993 - Continued ____________________________________________________ | | Event or exposure(1) _____________________________ | | | Exposure| | | to | Location | | harmful |Fires and | Falls | sub- |explosio| | stances | ns | | or | | | environ-| | | ments | ____________________________________________________ | | | Office building.....| 9 | 11 | 2 Restaurant, cafe....| 4 | 9 | 2 Shop, commercial, | | | store, (except | | | grocery).........| 6 | 2 | 6 School (State, | | | public, private).| 32 | 15 | 10 | | | Farm..................| 5 | 9 | 1 Farm buildings......| 23 | 18 | Farm land under | | | cultivation, | | | fields, meadows..| 2 | 5 | | | | Private residence(4)..| 28 | 20 | 7 Apartment...........| 28 | 18 | 8 | | | Mine, quarry..........| 8 | 13 | 4 Mine................| | 10 | | | | Place for recreation | | | and sport..........| 17 | 37 | Recreational and | | | sports areas, nec| 18 | 38 | | | | Residential | | | institution(5).....| 8 | 8 | 11 | | | Unspecified place.....| 17 | 18 | 4 ____________________________________________________ 1 Based on the 1990 Occupational Classification System developed by the Bureau of the Census. 2 Primarily includes outdoor areas such as bodies of water, woods, noncultivated fields, and parking lots. 3 Buildings and adjacent grounds used by the general public or a particular group, such as hotels, restaurants, stores, office buildings, courthouses, and schools. 4 These fatalities primarily occurred to repair or maintenance workers or to police while on duty. 5 Includes children's home, dormitory, hospital, jail, nursing home, and reform school. NOTE: Totals for major categories may include subcategories not shown separately. Percentages may not add to totals because of rounding. Dashes indicate data that are not available or do not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993.