The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
NEWS RELEASE FOR WIRE TRANSMISSION: 8:30 A.M. EDT, THURSDAY, APRIL 19, 2007 Ray Mataloni: (202) 606-9867 BEA 07-15 Summary Estimates for Multinational Companies: Employment, Sales, and Capital Expenditures for 2005 U.S. multinational companies (MNCs) employed 30.5 million workers worldwide in 2005, of which 21.5 million were employed in the United States by U.S. parent companies and 9.1 million were employed abroad by their majority-owned foreign affiliates. The employment in the United States by U.S. parents accounted for almost one-fifth of total U.S. employment in private industries. Worldwide capital expenditures by U.S. MNCs totaled $478.1 billion; capital expenditures in the United States by U.S. parents accounted for $340.8 billion and capital expenditures abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates accounted for $137.3 billion. Sales by U.S. parent companies totaled $7,606.1 billion, and those by majority-owned foreign affiliates totaled $3,761.9 billion. Majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs employed 5.1 million workers in 2005, accounting for 4.5 percent of total U.S. employment in private industries. Capital expenditures by these affiliates totaled $120.9 billion and their sales totaled $2,507.6 billion. Worldwide employment by U.S. MNCs increased 1.8 percent in 2005, following a 2.2-percent increase in 2004. Employment in the United States by U.S. parent companies increased 1.1 percent, following a 0.6-percent increase. Employment abroad by the majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. MNCs increased 3.6 percent, following a 6.1-percent increase. Employment in the United States by majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs decreased 0.7 percent in 2005, following a 2.0-percent decrease in 2004. Worldwide capital expenditures of U.S. MNCs increased 15.2 percent in 2005, following a decrease of 2.4 percent in 2004. The increase reflected a 15.3-percent increase in capital spending in the United States by U.S. parent companies, following a decrease of 6.3 percent; capital spending abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates increased 14.9 percent, following a 9.0-percent increase. For majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs, capital expenditures increased 7.1 percent in 2005, following a 3.5-percent increase in 2004. -more- -2Sales by U.S. parent companies increased 8.7 percent, following a 6.9-percent increase in 2004, and sales by majority-owned foreign affiliates increased 14.4 percent, following a 14.8-percent increase. Sales by majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs increased 8.8 percent, following an increase of 8.6 percent. Employment in the United States by U.S. parent companies accounted for 70 percent of the worldwide employment of U.S. MNCs in 2005, down from 71 percent in 2004. The U.S.-parent share of the worldwide capital expenditures of U.S. MNCs in 2005 was 71 percent, the same share as in 2004. The U.S.-parent share of MNC activity can change for a number of reasons, and the changes do not uniformly correspond to either additions to, or subtractions from, employment and capital expenditures in the United States. Examples of factors other than production shifting that might be associated with a change in the parent and affiliate shares of MNC activity include different rates of economic growth in the United States and in specific markets where investment is occurring abroad, or the creation of new market opportunities abroad that cannot be served by exports from the United States. Additional discussion of data and analytical considerations may be found in “A Note on Patterns of Production and Employment by U.S. Multinational Companies,” in the March 2004 issue of the Survey of Current Business. Revisions.--The MNC estimates for 2004 presented in this release supercede preliminary estimates that were released in the second half of 2006. For U.S. parent companies, the estimates of employment were revised down 0.6 percent, the estimates of capital expenditures were revised down 4.3 percent, and the estimates of sales were revised up 0.7 percent. For majority-owned foreign affiliates, the estimates of employment were revised up 1.5 percent, the estimates of capital expenditures were revised down 2.9 percent, and the estimates of sales were revised up 1.5 percent. For majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs, the estimates of employment were revised up 0.5 percent, the estimates of capital expenditures were revised up 4.4 percent, and the estimates of sales were revised up 0.1 percent. The upward revision for capital expenditures by majority-owned U.S. affiliates was largely due to late reports for newly acquired affiliates, including companies in automotive equipment rental and leasing (see definition of capital expenditures in the technical note). * * * TECHNICAL NOTE For the fourth consecutive year, the Bureau of Economic Analysis is releasing advance summary estimates of employment, sales, and capital expenditures by U.S. -more- -3parent companies, by their foreign affiliates, and by U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs. Estimates based on more complete source data, including country and industry detail, will be released later this year. The estimates presented in this release were constructed from data collected by BEA in two distinct surveys of MNC operations: (1) a survey of U.S. MNCs that covers the operations of both U.S. parent companies and their foreign affiliates, and (2) a survey of the operations of U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs. Because a U.S. parent company may itself be foreign-owned, there is some overlap between the data on U.S. parent companies and on U.S. affiliates; thus, to avoid duplication, data on U.S. parents and U.S. affiliates should not be added together to produce U.S. totals. The estimates presented here pertain to nonbank U.S. parent companies and their majority-owned nonbank foreign affiliates, and to majority-owned nonbank U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs. Data on all nonbank U.S. and foreign affiliates, including affiliates that are not majority-owned, will be presented in the Survey of Current Business later this year. (In these data series, “affiliates” are defined as businesses in which an investor of another country holds at least 10-percent ownership.) The most recent data show that nonbank foreign affiliates that were not majority-owned employed 1.4 million workers, and nonbank U.S. affiliates that were not majority-owned employed 0.4 million workers, in 2004. Data on bank parents and affiliates are currently collected only in benchmark surveys, which are conducted once every five years. To close this gap in coverage, BEA is proposing to extend the coverage of its annual surveys of MNC operations to include banks, with an annual time series of data beginning for 2007. Based on data from the 1999 Benchmark Survey of U.S. Direct Investment Abroad (the 2004 benchmark covered banks, but the results released to date have covered only nonbanks), U.S. bank parents employed 1.0 million workers, and foreign affiliates of U.S. bank parents, plus bank affiliates of U.S. nonbank parents, together employed 0.2 million workers. (Data for U.S. parents and foreign affiliates in banking will be included in the presentation of final results from the 2004 benchmark survey.) The most recent data on U.S. affiliates in banking cover the benchmark-survey year 2002: These data show that U.S. affiliates that were banks employed 0.1 million workers in 2002. For both U.S. bank affiliates of foreign companies and foreign bank affiliates of U.S. companies, almost all of the employment was by majority-owned affiliates. For both U.S. MNCs and U.S. affiliates of foreign MNCs, the estimates of employment cover the total number of full-time and part-time employees on the payroll at the end of the year. The estimates of sales cover gross sales minus returns, allowances -more- -4and discounts, or gross operating revenues. The estimates of capital expenditures cover total expenditures on property, plant, and equipment (that is, expenditures for land and depreciable structures and equipment); they are gross of any sales, retirements, or transfers of previously owned tangible assets. Capital expenditures include spending for equipment that is leased or rented to others, which in some industries—such as automotive equipment rental and leasing—can be very large (the value of sales, retirements, or transfers in these industries also can be very large). In addition to presenting data collected directly in its surveys of MNC operations, BEA uses data collected on costs incurred and profits earned in production to estimate the value added of U.S. parent companies, of majority-owned foreign affiliates, and of majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign companies. Value added estimates indicate the contribution of parents or affiliates to gross domestic product in the United States or in foreign host countries. The latest estimates of the value added of U.S. parent companies and majority-owned foreign affiliates, which cover the year 2004, are presented in "Operations of U.S. Multinational Companies: Preliminary Results from the 2004 Benchmark Survey," in the November 2006 issue of the Survey of Current Business. The latest estimates of the value added of majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign companies, which also cover 2004, are presented in "U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies: Operations in 2004," in the August 2006 issue of the Survey. * * * Summary BEA estimates are available on recorded messages at the time of public release at the following telephone numbers (202) 606-5306 (202) 606-5303 Gross domestic product Personal income and outlays BEA's national, regional, international, and industry estimates, the Survey of Current Business, and BEA news releases are available on BEA's Web site at www.bea.gov. By visiting the site, you can also subscribe to receive free e-mail summaries of BEA releases and announcements. -more- Table 1. Employment, Capital Expenditures, and Sales by Nonbank U.S. Multinational Companies, 1988-2005 Thousands of employees Millions of dollars U.S. U.S. MajorityCapital expenditures/1/ multinational parents owned U.S. U.S. Majoritycompanies foreign multinational parents owned affiliates companies foreign affiliates 1988 .................................. 22,498.1 17,737.6 4,760.5 223,814 177,203 46,611 1989 .................................. 23,879.4 18,765.4 5,114.0 260,488 201,808 58,680 1990 .................................. 23,785.7 18,429.7 5,356.0 274,614 213,079 61,535 1991 .................................. 23,345.4 17,958.9 5,386.5 269,221 206,290 62,931 1992 .................................. 22,812.0 17,529.6 5,282.4 272,049 208,834 63,215 1993 .................................. 22,760.2 17,536.9 5,223.3 271,661 207,437 64,224 1994 .................................. 24,272.5 18,565.4 5,707.1 303,364 231,917 71,447 1995 .................................. 24,499.7 18,576.2 5,923.5 323,616 248,017 75,599 1996 .................................. 24,867.0 18,790.0 6,077.0 340,510 260,048 80,462 1997 .................................. 26,358.0 19,878.0 6,480.0 398,037 309,247 88,790 1998 .................................. 26,592.9 19,819.8 6,773.1 411,155 317,184 93,971 1999/3/ .............................. 30,772.6 23,006.8 7,765.8 483,032 369,728 113,304 2000 .................................. 32,056.6 23,885.2 8,171.4 506,950 396,313 110,637 2001 .................................. 30,929.2 22,735.1 8,194.1 524,215 413,457 110,758 2002 .................................. 30,373.2 22,117.6 8,255.6 443,388 333,113 110,275 2003 .................................. 29,347.0 21,104.8 8,242.2 425,068 315,480 109,588 2004/4/ .............................. 29,987.8 21,241.0 8,746.8 415,038 295,565 119,473 2005/5/ .............................. 30,536.7 21,479.0 9,057.7 478,077 340,761 137,316 Sales/2/ Majorityowned foreign affiliates 2,828,209 927,886 3,136,837 1,019,966 3,243,721 1,208,349 3,252,534 1,242,635 3,330,886 1,291,649 3,480,778 1,275,775 3,990,013 1,435,901 4,235,578 1,693,836 4,478,970 1,868,588 4,886,330 1,972,515 4,970,138 1,971,909 5,975,478 2,218,945 6,695,166 2,507,433 6,800,777 2,524,459 6,337,779 2,515,641 6,543,937 2,865,226 6,998,298 3,288,364 7,606,129 3,761,864 U.S. parents Percent change at annual rates: 1988-2002 ......................... 2002-2003 ......................... 2003-2004 ......................... 2004-2005 ......................... 2.2 -3.4 2.2 1.8 1.6 -4.6 0.6 1.1 4.0 -0.2 6.1 3.6 5.0 -4.1 -2.4 15.2 4.6 -5.3 -6.3 15.3 6.3 -0.6 9.0 14.9 5.9 3.3 6.9 8.7 1. Total expenditures for property, plant, and equipment. 2. An MNC-wide total for sales is not provided because transactions among and within MNCs would be duplicated. 3. Break-in-series. (See the technical note on page 121 of the December 2002 issue of the Survey of Current Business for details.) 4. These estimates update those published in the November 2006 issue of the Survey of Current Business . (Those estimates, in turn, updated the advance summary estimates released on April 20, 2006.) Revised estimates based on more complete source data will be released later this year. 5. Advance estimates. Preliminary estimates based on more complete source data will be released later this year. NOTE: The data presented in this table cover nonbank U.S. MNCs only. Bank parents and affiliates are not required to report in BEA's annual surveys of the operations of U.S. MNCs. Some limited data on the operations of bank parents and affiliates (including employment and sales) are reported in benchmark surveys of U.S. direct investment abroad conducted by BEA every five years. (See the Technical Note.) 7.4 13.9 14.8 14.4 Table 2. U.S.-Parent Share of Selected Measures of the Operations of Nonbank U.S. Multinational Companies [Percent] Employment Capital expenditures 1988 ........................... 78.8 79.2 1989 ........................... 78.6 77.5 1990 ........................... 77.5 77.6 1991 ........................... 76.9 76.6 1992 ........................... 76.8 76.8 1993 ........................... 77.1 76.4 1994 ........................... 76.5 76.4 1995 ........................... 75.8 76.6 1996 ........................... 75.6 76.4 1997 ........................... 75.4 77.7 1998 ........................... 74.5 77.1 1999 ........................... 74.8 76.5 2000 ........................... 74.5 78.2 2001 ........................... 73.5 78.9 2002 ........................... 72.8 75.1 2003 ........................... 71.9 74.2 2004/1/ ....................... 70.8 71.2 2005/2/ ....................... 70.3 71.3 1. These estimates update those published in the November 2006 issue of the Survey of Current Business . (Those estimates, in turn, updated the advance summary estimates released on April 20, 2006.) Revised estimates based on more complete source data will be released later this year. 2. Advance estimates. Preliminary estimates based on more complete source data will be released later this year. NOTE: A U.S.-parent share for sales is not provided because an MNC-wide total for sales would contain duplication resulting from transactions among and within MNCs. Table 3. Employment, Capital Expenditures, and Sales by Majority-Owned Nonbank U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies, 1988-2005 Thousands of employees 1988 ................................…………. 1989 ................................…………. 1990 .....................................……… 1991 .....................................……… 1992 .....................................……… 1993 .....................................……… 1994 .....................................……… 1995 .....................................……… 1996 .....................................……… 1997 .....................................……… 1998 .....................................……… 1999 .....................................……… 2000 ..................................………… 2001 ..................................………… 2002 …..................................……… 2003 ..................................……… 2004 /2/ ..................................…… 2005 /3/ ..................................……… Millions of dollars Capital Sales Expenditures/1/ 3,119.0 3,573.4 3,841.7 3,991.3 3,903.9 3,851.7 3,954.0 4,022.6 4,155.6 4,269.1 4,669.5 5,064.3 5,656.5 5,594.3 5,425.4 5,244.4 5,141.5 5,103.2 42,355 51,490 61,812 60,097 52,787 53,371 60,317 64,778 77,890 88,313 109,365 114,767 112,986 121,665 111,373 109,126 112,915 120,883 739,128 863,538 995,013 1,008,388 1,049,942 1,112,693 1,210,837 1,311,210 1,423,715 1,478,221 1,622,946 1,792,520 2,051,878 2,070,234 2,030,962 2,122,683 2,304,949 2,507,588 4.0 -3.3 -2.0 -0.7 7.1 -2.0 3.5 7.1 7.5 4.5 8.6 8.8 Percent change at annual rates: 1988-2002 ................................…… 2002-2003 ....................................... 2003-2004 ....................................... 2004-2005 ....................................... 1. Total expenditures for property, plant, and equipment. 2. These estimates update those published in the August 2006 issue of the Survey of Current Business . (Those estimates, in turn, updated the advance summary estimates released on April 20, 2006.) Revised estimates will be released later this year. 3. Advance estimates. Preliminary estimates based on more complete source data will be released later this year. NOTES: The data presented in this table cover nonbank affiliates only. Bank affiliates are not required to report in BEA's annual surveys of the operations of U.S. affiliates of foreign companies. (See the Technical Note.) Some limited data on the operations of bank affiliates (including employment and sales) are reported in benchmark surveys conducted by BEA every five years. The latest benchmark survey results cover the year 2002. In contrast to the presentation in Table 1 for U.S. multinational companies (which includes data for U.S. parent companies), this table does not include data on foreign parent companies or totals for foreign multinational companies, because they are not covered in BEA's surveys. 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 Percentage point change Percent Chart 1. U.S.-Parent Share of Employment by Nonbank U.S. Multinational Companies, 1988-2005 1988 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 2005 Level (left scale) Change from prior year (right scale) 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 Percentage point change Percent Chart 2. U.S.-Parent Share of Capital Expenditures by Nonbank U.S. Multinational Companies, 1988-2005 1988 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 2005 Level (left scale) Change from prior year (right scale)
@FedFRASER