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EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 8:30 a.m. EST, Thursday, December 15, 2022 Technical: Media: Eric Figueroa Connie O’Connell 301-278-9328 301-278-9003 BEA 22–62 RPP@bea.gov Connie.OConnell@bea.gov Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by State and Real Personal Income by State and Metropolitan Area, 2021 Real personal consumption expenditures (PCE) by state increased in all 50 states and the District of Columbia in 2021, according to statistics released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). The percent change in real PCE across all 50 states and the District of Columbia ranged from 12.5 percent in Utah to 2.0 percent in West Virginia (table 1). Page 1 of 7 Real PCE by state is a state's current-dollar PCE (Consumer Spending by State) adjusted by the state's regional price parity and the national PCE price index. In 2021, the national PCE price index increased 4.0 percent. • Utah had the largest increase in real PCE, at 12.5 percent. Current-dollar PCE increased 16.3 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 3.4 percent (table 2). • Massachusetts and Arizona had the second largest increase in real PCE, at 11.6 percent. Currentdollar PCE increased 13.4 percent and 13.1 percent in Massachusetts and Arizona, respectively. Their implicit regional price deflators increased 1.6 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively. • West Virginia had the smallest increase in real PCE, at 2.0 percent. Current-dollar PCE increased 10.3 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 8.1 percent. Real personal income Real personal income increased in 48 states and the District of Columbia in 2021. The percent change in real personal income across all 50 states and the District of Columbia ranged from 7.2 percent in Nevada to –2.7 percent in Alaska (table 1). • Nevada had the largest increase in real personal income, at 7.2 percent. Current-dollar personal income (Personal Income by State) increased 9.7 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 2.3 percent. Page 2 of 7 • Alaska had the largest decrease in real personal income, at 2.7 percent. Current-dollar personal income increased 4.9 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 7.8 percent. • West Virginia was the only other state with a decrease in real personal income, at 1.2 percent. Current-dollar personal income increased 6.8 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 8.1 percent. Regional price parities Regional price parities (RPPs) measure the differences in price levels across states for a given year and are expressed as a percentage of the overall national price level. Page 3 of 7 The all items RPP covers all consumption goods and services including housing rents. Areas with high/low RPPs typically correspond to areas with high/low price levels for rents. • States with the highest RPPs were Hawaii, at 113.2, California, at 111.8, and New York, at 109.5; the RPP in the District of Columbia was 111.3 (table 2). • States with the lowest RPPs were Mississippi, at 86.6, Alabama, at 88.1, and Kentucky, at 89.1. • Across states, California had the highest RPP for housing rents, at 164.9, and Mississippi had the lowest, at 56.2; the RPP for housing rents in the District of Columbia was 175.4. Annual update to regional real PCE and real personal income The annual estimates of state real PCE for 2017 to 2020 and state and metropolitan area real personal income for 2014 to 2020 were revised. The updates incorporate revised source data that are more complete and more detailed than previously available. These include the results of the 2022 annual update of BEA’s National and Regional Accounts. BEA also released new estimates of state real per capita PCE statistics and real per capita personal income for 2021, along with revised estimates for 2010 to 2020. BEA used U.S. Census Bureau (Census) population figures to calculate per capita estimates for 2020 and 2021. For 2010 through 2019, BEA used intercensal population statistics that it developed based on Census methodology. See “Note on Per Capita Personal Income and Population.” Next release: December 14, 2023 Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by State and Real Personal Income by State and Metropolitan Area, 2022 Page 4 of 7 Technical Notes on Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators Price indexes commonly measure price changes over time. The BEA PCE price index and the Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Price Index (CPI) are two examples. Spatial price indexes measure price level differences across regions for one period. An example of these types of indexes are purchasing power parities, which measure differences in price levels across countries for a given period and can be used to convert estimates of per capita gross domestic product into comparable levels in a common currency. The RPP that BEA has developed compares regions within the United States, without the need for currency conversion. An implicit regional price deflator (IRPD) can be derived by combining the RPPs and the U.S. PCE price index. Regional price parities. The RPPs are calculated using price quotes for a wide array of items from the CPI covering apparel, education, food, housing, medical, recreation, transportation, and other goods and services. 1 Data on housing rents are obtained separately from the Census American Community Survey (ACS). The expenditure weights for each category are constructed using BEA PCE and Census ACS housing rents expenditures. 2 0F 1F The CPI price levels and the ACS housing rents are combined with the expenditure weights using a multilateral aggregation method that expresses a region’s price level relative to that of the United States. 3 2F For example, if the RPP for area A is 120 and for area B is 90, then on average, price levels are 20 percent higher and 10 percent lower than the U.S. average for A and B, respectively. If the personal income for area A is $12,000 and for area B is $9,000, then RPP-adjusted incomes are $10,000 (or $12,000/1.20) and $10,000 (or $9,000/0.90), respectively. In other words, the purchasing power of the two incomes is equivalent when adjusted by their respective RPPs. Implicit regional price deflator. The IRPD is a regional price index derived as the product of two terms: the RPP and the U.S. PCE price index. The IRPD will equal current-dollar PCE divided by real PCE in constant dollars. The growth rate or yearto-year change in the IRPDs is a measure of regional inflation. 4 3F For complete information on the data sources and estimating methods, see “Regional Price Parities, Real Personal Consumption Expenditures, and Real Personal Income.” 1. The BEA RPP statistics are based in part on restricted access CPI data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The BEA statistics presented herein are products of BEA and not BLS. 2. To estimate RPPs, annual average CPI price quotes and ACS housing rents are quality adjusted. The rents data are from the ACS Public Use Microdata Sample, and results incorporate BEA’s new method for estimating housing services across the regional and national accounts. For more information, see the May 2021 issue of the Survey of Current Business. 3. The multilateral system that is used is the Geary additive method. Any region or combination of regions may be used as the base or reference region without loss of consistency. 4. The growth rate of the IRPDs will not necessarily equal the region or metropolitan area price deflators published by BLS. This is because the CPI deflators are calculated directly, while the IRPDs are indirect estimates based on CPI and ACS price levels and PCE expenditure weights. Page 5 of 7 Additional Information Resources • • • • • • • County data are then aggregated to states and metropolitan areas. The full economic effects of the COVID–19 pandemic cannot be quantified in these statistics, because the impacts are generally embedded in source data and cannot be separately identified. For more Information about COVID–19 impacts, refer to “Federal Recovery Programs and BEA Statistics” on our website. Stay informed about BEA developments by reading The BEA Wire, signing up for BEA’s email subscription service, or following BEA on Twitter @BEA_News. Historical time series for these estimates can be accessed in BEA’s Interactive Data Application. Access BEA data by registering for BEA’s Data Application Programming Interface. For more on BEA’s statistics, see our online journal, the Survey of Current Business. For upcoming economic indicators, see BEA's news release schedule. For complete information on the data sources and estimating methods, see “Regional Price Parities, Real Personal Consumption Expenditures, and Real Personal Income.” Definitions Regional price parities (RPPs) are regional price levels expressed as a percentage of the overall national price level for a given year. The price level is determined by the average prices paid by consumers for the mix of goods and services consumed in each region. Detailed Consumer Price Index (CPI) price data are adjusted to obtain average price levels for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics areas. 1 These are allocated to counties in combination with direct price and expenditure data on housing rents from the American Community Survey. 4F Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) at RPPs is current-dollar PCE divided by the price parity 2 for a given year and region. 5F Real PCE is PCE at RPPs divided by the national PCE price index. The result is real PCE in constant dollars (using 2012 as the reference year). Using Nebraska in 2021 as an example: (1) PCE is divided by the RPP (2) (3) PCE at RPPs is 2021 Nebraska deflated by the U.S. real PCE PCE price index $90.7 / 0.918 = $98.8 / 1.156 = $85.5 $98.8 $85.5 Note. Dollar amounts are in billions. Total real PCE in the United States is derived as the sum of the regional estimates and net expenditures abroad by U.S. residents divided by the U.S. PCE price index. Personal income at RPPs is current-dollar personal income divided by the price parity for a given year and region. A balancing factor is applied so that the sum of personal income at RPPs across regions equals the current-dollar sum. Real personal income is personal income at RPPs divided by the national PCE price index. The result is real personal income in constant dollars (using 2012 as the reference year). Estimates of real personal income in the United States are derived as the sum of the regional estimates divided by the U.S. PCE price index. Implicit regional price deflator is the product of the RPP times the national PCE price index. It is equal to currentdollar PCE divided by real PCE. 1. The CPI represents about 93 percent of the total U.S. population, including almost all residents of urban or metropolitan areas. 2. RPP should first be divided by 100. Page 6 of 7 News Release Tables Table 1. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures and Real Personal Income, by State, 2020–2021 Table 2. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by State, 2021 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Page 7 of 7 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 1. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures and Real Personal Income, by State, 2020–2021 Real personal consumption expenditures (millions of constant (2012) dollars) 2020 2021 Percent change 1 United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 12,700,723 182,200 31,986 261,631 106,700 1,486,155 235,846 154,420 42,042 38,602 853,048 390,984 51,115 64,395 497,667 253,202 118,925 110,676 165,863 172,000 56,513 227,839 297,282 392,014 231,905 100,958 240,966 45,180 77,910 114,909 60,802 363,999 73,040 789,404 401,049 32,987 456,882 138,225 155,827 526,948 40,194 194,492 37,168 257,744 1,064,977 115,765 26,167 329,026 297,348 68,523 233,021 24,182 13,754,090 196,127 32,966 291,985 114,240 1,611,324 260,465 169,605 45,412 41,045 941,447 424,022 54,127 71,190 535,572 271,024 128,752 120,137 178,612 185,316 61,732 244,214 331,844 420,483 243,822 107,372 260,823 49,948 85,502 127,591 66,480 401,858 81,474 834,352 427,646 35,448 485,840 147,633 170,303 570,570 43,544 207,503 41,011 281,997 1,169,659 130,179 28,727 352,616 318,114 69,921 246,727 26,193 8.3 7.6 3.1 11.6 7.1 8.4 10.4 9.8 8.0 6.3 10.4 8.4 5.9 10.6 7.6 7.0 8.3 8.5 7.7 7.7 9.2 7.2 11.6 7.3 5.1 6.4 8.2 10.6 9.7 11.0 9.3 10.4 11.5 5.7 6.6 7.5 6.3 6.8 9.3 8.3 8.3 6.7 10.3 9.4 9.8 12.5 9.8 7.2 7.0 2.0 5.9 8.3 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) 2020 2021 Percent change 17,825,584 239,485 41,162 341,319 145,094 2,250,420 328,502 243,003 52,229 50,237 1,107,489 533,033 66,554 90,743 712,987 348,012 169,973 160,786 216,980 234,480 69,103 343,877 455,315 513,048 327,803 132,800 313,874 57,877 109,953 160,354 80,981 541,200 97,530 1,182,584 535,676 46,389 618,686 201,107 211,001 727,607 58,170 249,793 53,347 361,140 1,484,887 162,511 33,687 479,242 441,320 83,651 321,085 37,498 Maximum 1,486,155 1,611,324 12.5 2,250,420 Minimum 24,182 26,193 2.0 33,687 Range 1,461,973 1,585,131 10.5 2,216,733 1. The U.S. real personal consumption expenditures include net expenditures abroad by U.S. residents, but state estimates do not. Note. Estimates may not add to totals because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 18,412,541 246,874 40,052 362,114 148,569 2,332,658 346,082 253,920 53,406 50,398 1,160,014 545,636 67,312 94,097 728,883 359,702 176,780 164,557 225,019 238,269 71,622 351,519 475,687 522,601 333,418 135,580 321,702 59,578 113,636 171,884 86,042 567,509 102,712 1,207,419 548,116 47,613 628,660 206,387 220,212 750,119 59,937 252,155 55,542 376,695 1,556,765 171,487 35,127 486,026 454,854 82,629 326,703 38,264 3.3 3.1 -2.7 6.1 2.4 3.7 5.4 4.5 2.3 0.3 4.7 2.4 1.1 3.7 2.2 3.4 4.0 2.3 3.7 1.6 3.6 2.2 4.5 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 7.2 6.2 4.9 5.3 2.1 2.3 2.6 1.6 2.6 4.4 3.1 3.0 0.9 4.1 4.3 4.8 5.5 4.3 1.4 3.1 -1.2 1.7 2.0 2,332,658 35,127 2,297,531 7.2 -2.7 9.9 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 2. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by State, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items United States2 99.6 94.1 108.6 95.3 95.7 108.0 101.8 97.0 94.5 107.9 98.3 96.6 110.6 96.8 104.0 96.2 94.1 94.0 94.2 95.4 98.9 103.7 105.3 94.8 100.5 94.5 98.4 96.8 94.3 97.0 102.0 101.9 96.9 102.0 96.1 94.2 95.0 95.8 106.3 95.5 98.0 96.0 93.9 94.4 98.6 96.5 97.9 101.5 111.5 96.6 95.7 96.5 Services Housing 100.4 60.7 102.9 102.4 59.5 164.9 129.5 120.9 97.1 175.4 113.1 85.5 140.8 84.2 96.2 71.4 66.3 69.8 63.4 66.9 81.2 124.2 129.0 80.7 93.1 56.2 70.1 79.3 75.7 107.9 107.1 135.1 73.0 131.6 76.0 71.1 72.8 64.0 109.4 86.7 109.1 76.1 64.9 76.4 95.6 99.4 93.6 110.2 125.7 59.1 76.2 77.3 Utilities 97.7 86.7 118.9 87.5 82.8 143.6 85.4 146.6 94.0 111.8 89.8 95.5 184.7 68.5 86.2 90.8 98.5 100.8 79.8 80.6 126.9 105.1 154.2 101.0 91.6 80.6 91.6 75.1 85.4 76.3 140.4 115.2 81.6 136.1 84.5 87.1 91.9 79.6 97.0 106.0 145.9 90.6 93.9 76.0 85.9 71.7 129.7 91.9 92.4 85.4 95.6 76.3 Other 100.3 96.1 102.2 96.6 97.5 102.1 97.2 100.6 100.4 102.7 100.6 98.9 104.4 92.2 102.0 98.3 95.2 96.4 96.5 99.3 101.5 102.7 100.9 98.3 99.1 94.7 95.4 92.9 95.8 91.6 100.6 107.5 92.1 107.9 99.7 95.2 97.4 98.2 99.0 99.5 101.4 99.9 95.5 94.8 100.2 92.7 100.1 101.0 103.3 100.2 97.8 93.8 Percent change from previous year All items 115.6 101.9 120.8 111.8 103.4 129.3 119.1 118.6 112.9 128.7 117.3 110.7 130.9 106.1 117.3 107.2 103.6 105.4 103.0 105.5 112.4 122.8 123.2 109.0 113.8 100.1 106.4 105.9 106.1 110.5 118.5 126.1 104.0 126.6 108.5 105.3 106.9 104.4 119.1 111.4 118.0 108.3 104.2 105.0 113.9 109.4 114.1 118.3 125.9 104.9 107.9 105.7 4.0 4.8 7.8 1.3 5.3 3.9 3.2 1.7 5.2 4.0 4.8 5.5 4.5 5.0 4.9 5.0 3.2 2.8 4.1 4.4 3.5 3.8 1.6 3.7 4.7 4.9 3.8 3.9 3.2 2.3 1.3 2.6 2.1 3.5 6.7 2.7 4.4 4.5 3.6 2.5 4.2 7.1 3.4 4.4 3.8 3.4 0.5 5.2 5.0 8.1 4.8 4.0 Maximum 113.2 111.5 175.4 184.7 107.9 130.9 Minimum 86.6 93.9 56.2 68.5 91.6 100.1 Range 26.6 17.6 119.2 116.2 16.4 30.8 1. The implicit price deflator for the United States is equal to the national personal consumption expenditures price index, with a base of 2012. 2. The U.S. all items regional price parities is the average price level across all states and the District of Columbia. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 8.1 0.5 7.6 Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 100.0 88.1 104.4 96.7 89.4 111.8 103.0 102.6 97.7 111.3 101.4 95.8 113.2 91.8 101.4 92.7 89.6 91.2 89.1 91.3 97.2 106.2 106.6 94.3 98.4 86.6 92.0 91.6 91.8 95.5 102.5 109.1 89.9 109.5 93.8 91.1 92.5 90.3 103.0 96.4 102.1 93.7 90.1 90.9 98.5 94.6 98.7 102.3 108.9 90.8 93.3 91.4 Goods THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) United States Nonmetropolitan portion Metropolitan Statistical Areas Abilene, TX Akron, OH Albany, GA Albany-Lebanon, OR Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Albuquerque, NM Alexandria, LA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Altoona, PA Amarillo, TX Ames, IA Anchorage, AK Ann Arbor, MI Anniston-Oxford, AL Appleton, WI Asheville, NC Athens-Clarke County, GA Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ Auburn-Opelika, AL Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown, TX Bakersfield, CA Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Bangor, ME Barnstable Town, MA Baton Rouge, LA Battle Creek, MI Bay City, MI Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX Beckley, WV Bellingham, WA Bend, OR Billings, MT Binghamton, NY Birmingham-Hoover, AL Bismarck, ND Blacksburg-Christiansburg, VA Bloomington, IL Bloomington, IN Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA Boise City, ID Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Boulder, CO Bowling Green, KY Bremerton-Silverdale-Port Orchard, WA Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Brownsville-Harlingen, TX Brunswick, GA Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY Burlington, NC Burlington-South Burlington, VT California-Lexington Park, MD Canton-Massillon, OH Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL Cape Girardeau, MO-IL 2020 17,825,584 2,153,694 2021 18,412,541 2,214,227 8,684 37,335 6,721 5,481 52,271 42,756 7,617 45,500 6,273 13,510 5,692 22,525 21,973 4,850 13,140 23,144 9,716 329,227 13,568 7,388 28,862 133,336 35,989 161,714 6,721 16,179 44,833 5,976 4,993 18,538 5,304 10,880 10,995 10,254 11,066 60,442 7,878 6,810 9,171 7,513 4,116 38,758 341,401 24,397 7,387 14,699 95,022 15,181 5,565 60,640 7,675 12,124 6,484 19,909 41,740 4,552 9,294 38,084 6,549 5,835 53,378 45,161 7,607 47,852 6,430 14,043 5,921 21,859 22,084 5,119 13,223 23,744 9,677 340,249 14,326 7,721 28,746 145,709 36,280 165,420 6,924 16,598 45,813 6,129 4,916 18,030 5,119 11,030 11,724 10,480 11,542 62,937 7,942 6,990 9,326 7,724 4,277 40,822 357,940 25,301 7,758 15,584 100,334 15,738 5,642 60,275 8,110 12,476 6,777 20,147 43,037 4,641 Percent change 3.3 2.8 7.0 2.0 -2.6 6.5 2.1 5.6 -0.1 5.2 2.5 3.9 4.0 -3.0 0.5 5.6 0.6 2.6 -0.4 3.3 5.6 4.5 -0.4 9.3 0.8 2.3 3.0 2.6 2.2 2.6 -1.5 -2.7 -3.5 1.4 6.6 2.2 4.3 4.1 0.8 2.7 1.7 2.8 3.9 5.3 4.8 3.7 5.0 6.0 5.6 3.7 1.4 -0.6 5.7 2.9 4.5 1.2 3.1 1.9 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) 2020 Carbondale-Marion, IL Carson City, NV Casper, WY Cedar Rapids, IA Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA Champaign-Urbana, IL Charleston, WV Charleston-North Charleston, SC Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Charlottesville, VA Chattanooga, TN-GA Cheyenne, WY Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Chico, CA Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Clarksville, TN-KY Cleveland, TN Cleveland-Elyria, OH Coeur d'Alene, ID College Station-Bryan, TX Colorado Springs, CO Columbia, MO Columbia, SC Columbus, GA-AL Columbus, IN Columbus, OH Corpus Christi, TX Corvallis, OR Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL Cumberland, MD-WV Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Dalton, GA Danville, IL Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Dayton-Kettering, OH Decatur, AL Decatur, IL Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Dothan, AL Dover, DE Dubuque, IA Duluth, MN-WI Durham-Chapel Hill, NC East Stroudsburg, PA Eau Claire, WI El Centro, CA Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY Elkhart-Goshen, IN Elmira, NY El Paso, TX Enid, OK Erie, PA Eugene-Springfield, OR Evansville, IN-KY Fairbanks, AK 6,240 3,090 5,228 15,347 7,698 11,162 12,937 42,024 147,642 14,662 28,574 5,469 550,683 9,559 128,996 14,585 5,563 117,041 8,572 11,317 37,963 10,617 41,615 15,008 4,665 115,569 19,596 4,236 16,472 4,386 410,038 6,366 3,458 11,919 19,912 42,024 6,970 5,479 30,884 175,616 40,246 232,375 7,236 8,166 5,386 15,978 36,452 7,619 8,706 7,514 7,440 10,101 3,889 34,470 2,918 13,117 17,600 16,752 5,410 2021 6,484 3,288 5,306 15,379 7,861 11,441 12,608 43,257 150,651 14,859 29,445 5,531 563,880 9,649 131,269 14,957 5,730 118,509 9,057 11,870 40,169 11,076 41,557 15,130 4,759 117,660 20,369 4,436 16,995 4,282 432,875 6,102 3,539 12,332 20,371 42,417 7,343 5,602 32,573 184,776 41,369 240,410 7,535 8,408 5,535 15,271 37,489 7,977 8,973 7,776 7,786 11,247 3,977 35,784 3,003 13,364 18,235 17,102 5,216 Percent change 3.9 6.4 1.5 0.2 2.1 2.5 -2.5 2.9 2.0 1.3 3.0 1.1 2.4 0.9 1.8 2.5 3.0 1.3 5.7 4.9 5.8 4.3 -0.1 0.8 2.0 1.8 3.9 4.7 3.2 -2.4 5.6 -4.2 2.3 3.5 2.3 0.9 5.3 2.2 5.5 5.2 2.8 3.5 4.1 3.0 2.8 -4.4 2.8 4.7 3.1 3.5 4.7 11.3 2.2 3.8 2.9 1.9 3.6 2.1 -3.6 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) Fargo, ND-MN Farmington, NM Fayetteville, NC Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR Flagstaff, AZ Flint, MI Florence, SC Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL Fond du Lac, WI Fort Collins, CO Fort Smith, AR-OK Fort Wayne, IN Fresno, CA Gadsden, AL Gainesville, FL Gainesville, GA Gettysburg, PA Glens Falls, NY Goldsboro, NC Grand Forks, ND-MN Grand Island, NE Grand Junction, CO Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI Grants Pass, OR Great Falls, MT Greeley, CO Green Bay, WI Greensboro-High Point, NC Greenville, NC Greenville-Anderson, SC Gulfport-Biloxi, MS Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV Hammond, LA Hanford-Corcoran, CA Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Harrisonburg, VA Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT Hattiesburg, MS Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Hilton Head Island-Bluffton, SC Hinesville, GA Homosassa Springs, FL Hot Springs, AR Houma-Thibodaux, LA Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Huntsville, AL Idaho Falls, ID Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Iowa City, IA Ithaca, NY Jackson, MI Jackson, MS Jackson, TN Jacksonville, FL Jacksonville, NC Janesville-Beloit, WI Jefferson City, MO Johnson City, TN 2020 14,158 4,777 21,976 35,406 7,298 18,888 9,715 6,843 5,477 19,835 10,611 21,308 43,361 4,373 15,616 9,708 5,115 6,359 5,608 5,635 3,708 7,232 56,887 4,105 4,458 16,078 17,836 37,455 8,683 44,494 17,594 13,668 6,164 5,700 32,015 5,870 70,659 7,549 16,910 13,090 3,128 6,547 4,602 9,525 394,333 16,533 26,884 8,174 124,515 9,509 4,552 6,928 29,247 8,740 83,253 9,821 7,936 7,394 9,471 2021 14,666 4,901 22,624 36,833 7,501 19,444 9,619 6,862 5,540 20,643 10,925 21,774 44,558 4,508 15,661 10,323 5,271 6,438 5,614 5,812 3,904 7,700 56,528 4,236 4,525 17,474 18,040 37,788 8,873 44,466 18,102 13,891 6,247 5,835 32,124 5,919 72,364 7,553 17,299 12,893 3,153 6,590 4,579 10,078 406,757 16,610 27,576 8,591 127,872 10,000 4,583 7,037 29,784 8,946 85,358 10,151 8,096 7,608 9,991 Percent change 3.6 2.6 2.9 4.0 2.8 2.9 -1.0 0.3 1.1 4.1 3.0 2.2 2.8 3.1 0.3 6.3 3.1 1.2 0.1 3.2 5.3 6.5 -0.6 3.2 1.5 8.7 1.1 0.9 2.2 -0.1 2.9 1.6 1.3 2.4 0.3 0.8 2.4 0.1 2.3 -1.5 0.8 0.7 -0.5 5.8 3.2 0.5 2.6 5.1 2.7 5.2 0.7 1.6 1.8 2.4 2.5 3.4 2.0 2.9 5.5 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) 2020 Johnstown, PA Jonesboro, AR Joplin, MO Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI Kalamazoo-Portage, MI Kankakee, IL Kansas City, MO-KS Kennewick-Richland, WA Killeen-Temple, TX Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Kingston, NY Knoxville, TN Kokomo, IN La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN Lafayette, LA Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN Lake Charles, LA Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL Lancaster, PA Lansing-East Lansing, MI Laredo, TX Las Cruces, NM Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV Lawrence, KS Lawton, OK Lebanon, PA Lewiston, ID-WA Lewiston-Auburn, ME Lexington-Fayette, KY Lima, OH Lincoln, NE Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR Logan, UT-ID Longview, TX Longview, WA Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Lubbock, TX Lynchburg, VA Macon-Bibb County, GA Madera, CA Madison, WI Manchester-Nashua, NH Manhattan, KS Mankato, MN Mansfield, OH McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX Medford, OR Memphis, TN-MS-AR Merced, CA Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL Michigan City-La Porte, IN Midland, MI Midland, TX Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Missoula, MT Mobile, AL 6,375 5,877 7,733 7,192 13,603 5,111 121,131 13,462 21,005 14,584 9,193 46,342 3,775 7,726 23,662 9,763 10,414 8,521 28,912 29,615 24,740 9,797 9,480 112,573 5,632 6,074 7,129 3,336 4,649 27,558 4,875 17,467 37,427 6,292 12,823 4,986 735,841 69,974 14,694 11,954 10,835 6,590 41,542 24,460 6,455 5,206 5,516 27,963 10,358 69,447 11,304 333,776 4,992 4,966 18,057 90,993 219,969 6,602 19,095 2021 6,555 5,976 7,977 7,451 14,231 5,337 125,206 13,871 21,541 14,756 9,611 47,855 3,763 7,439 23,955 9,904 10,338 8,719 29,630 30,459 25,094 10,566 10,057 121,401 5,781 6,051 7,238 3,396 5,104 28,109 4,991 18,160 37,685 6,731 13,169 5,347 751,717 72,186 15,343 11,819 10,890 6,327 42,383 25,895 6,567 5,456 5,689 30,051 10,812 72,414 11,551 353,758 5,312 4,906 19,276 93,601 222,451 6,780 19,649 Percent change 2.8 1.7 3.2 3.6 4.6 4.4 3.4 3.0 2.6 1.2 4.5 3.3 -0.3 -3.7 1.2 1.4 -0.7 2.3 2.5 2.9 1.4 7.9 6.1 7.8 2.6 -0.4 1.5 1.8 9.8 2.0 2.4 4.0 0.7 7.0 2.7 7.2 2.2 3.2 4.4 -1.1 0.5 -4.0 2.0 5.9 1.7 4.8 3.1 7.5 4.4 4.3 2.2 6.0 6.4 -1.2 6.8 2.9 1.1 2.7 2.9 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) Modesto, CA Monroe, LA Monroe, MI Montgomery, AL Morgantown, WV Morristown, TN Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA Muncie, IN Muskegon, MI Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC Napa, CA Naples-Marco Island, FL Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN New Bern, NC New Haven-Milford, CT New Orleans-Metairie, LA New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA Niles, MI North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL Norwich-New London, CT Ocala, FL Ocean City, NJ Odessa, TX Ogden-Clearfield, UT Oklahoma City, OK Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Owensboro, KY Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL Panama City, FL Parkersburg-Vienna, WV Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL Peoria, IL Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ Pine Bluff, AR Pittsburgh, PA Pittsfield, MA Pocatello, ID Portland-South Portland, ME Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Port St. Lucie, FL Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Provo-Orem, UT Pueblo, CO Punta Gorda, FL Racine, WI Raleigh-Cary, NC Rapid City, SD Reading, PA Redding, CA Reno, NV Richmond, VA Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 2020 23,700 9,821 7,532 18,392 6,543 6,307 6,760 4,853 7,495 22,318 9,153 38,651 120,644 6,214 45,306 68,929 1,238,462 8,359 49,869 14,491 15,654 5,736 7,437 32,027 74,648 14,786 55,838 118,256 8,664 5,644 46,823 29,363 8,388 4,450 24,063 21,149 376,586 234,587 3,517 138,466 7,211 4,125 31,258 135,537 27,675 33,759 10,831 89,762 30,350 7,357 8,422 10,064 82,902 7,856 22,138 8,471 29,610 76,636 185,632 2021 24,410 9,647 7,823 18,650 6,397 6,537 7,245 4,939 7,770 22,991 9,561 38,693 128,079 6,255 47,876 71,153 1,275,291 8,607 52,149 14,903 16,102 6,327 7,769 34,271 77,118 15,249 57,865 124,340 8,887 6,006 48,024 30,013 8,673 4,447 24,588 21,314 394,530 252,474 3,536 141,153 7,574 4,255 32,580 141,497 29,561 34,544 10,976 92,827 31,965 7,602 9,078 10,549 85,607 8,219 22,436 8,745 31,701 77,290 192,882 Percent change 3.0 -1.8 3.9 1.4 -2.2 3.7 7.2 1.8 3.7 3.0 4.5 0.1 6.2 0.7 5.7 3.2 3.0 3.0 4.6 2.8 2.9 10.3 4.5 7.0 3.3 3.1 3.6 5.1 2.6 6.4 2.6 2.2 3.4 0.0 2.2 0.8 4.8 7.6 0.5 1.9 5.0 3.1 4.2 4.4 6.8 2.3 1.3 3.4 5.3 3.3 7.8 4.8 3.3 4.6 1.3 3.2 7.1 0.9 3.9 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) Roanoke, VA Rochester, MN Rochester, NY Rockford, IL Rocky Mount, NC Rome, GA Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA Saginaw, MI St. Cloud, MN St. George, UT St. Joseph, MO-KS St. Louis, MO-IL Salem, OR Salinas, CA Salisbury, MD-DE Salt Lake City, UT San Angelo, TX San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA Santa Fe, NM Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA Savannah, GA Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL Sebring-Avon Park, FL Sheboygan, WI Sherman-Denison, TX Shreveport-Bossier City, LA Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ Sioux City, IA-NE-SD Sioux Falls, SD South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI Spartanburg, SC Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA Springfield, IL Springfield, MA Springfield, MO Springfield, OH State College, PA Staunton, VA Stockton, CA Sumter, SC Syracuse, NY Tallahassee, FL Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Terre Haute, IN Texarkana, TX-AR The Villages, FL Toledo, OH Topeka, KS Trenton-Princeton, NJ Tucson, AZ Tulsa, OK 2020 15,882 12,543 56,215 15,832 6,925 4,275 125,672 8,937 10,357 7,746 5,444 162,916 18,760 21,883 21,954 66,796 6,568 120,218 175,280 396,169 191,423 14,559 16,839 9,441 25,057 29,015 19,970 27,536 265,036 13,569 4,050 6,315 6,409 20,534 5,992 8,343 18,168 16,180 15,875 26,385 10,925 36,744 22,177 6,167 7,651 6,237 34,587 6,420 34,119 18,233 153,013 8,038 6,372 7,799 33,032 11,797 24,088 50,339 56,688 2021 15,703 13,525 56,413 15,983 6,926 4,226 129,947 8,900 11,136 8,315 5,462 164,139 19,703 22,048 22,091 70,141 6,945 125,744 179,973 414,394 206,982 15,087 18,236 10,032 25,654 31,120 19,986 28,117 271,399 13,768 4,141 6,402 6,759 20,649 6,097 8,638 18,831 17,165 15,922 27,811 11,172 37,980 22,830 6,476 7,854 6,108 37,860 6,338 34,435 18,437 164,709 8,365 6,514 7,880 33,629 12,149 25,619 52,040 57,912 Percent change -1.1 7.8 0.4 1.0 0.0 -1.1 3.4 -0.4 7.5 7.3 0.3 0.8 5.0 0.8 0.6 5.0 5.7 4.6 2.7 4.6 8.1 3.6 8.3 6.3 2.4 7.3 0.1 2.1 2.4 1.5 2.3 1.4 5.5 0.6 1.7 3.5 3.6 6.1 0.3 5.4 2.3 3.4 2.9 5.0 2.7 -2.1 9.5 -1.3 0.9 1.1 7.6 4.1 2.2 1.0 1.8 3.0 6.4 3.4 2.2 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021 Real personal income (millions of constant (2012) dollars) Tuscaloosa, AL Twin Falls, ID Tyler, TX Urban Honolulu, HI Utica-Rome, NY Valdosta, GA Vallejo, CA Victoria, TX Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Visalia, CA Waco, TX Walla Walla, WA Warner Robins, GA Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Wausau-Weston, WI Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Wenatchee, WA Wheeling, WV-OH Wichita, KS Wichita Falls, TX Williamsport, PA Wilmington, NC Winchester, VA-WV Winston-Salem, NC Worcester, MA-CT Yakima, WA York-Hanover, PA Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Yuba City, CA Yuma, AZ Maximum Minimum Range Note. Estimates may not add to totals because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2020 11,239 5,066 12,369 47,762 13,898 6,318 21,586 5,028 6,289 89,973 19,666 12,183 2,993 8,476 393,598 8,421 5,799 9,094 5,490 5,858 6,821 34,218 6,918 5,276 14,411 7,250 33,439 52,690 11,364 23,067 26,044 7,683 8,875 1,238,462 2,918 1,235,543 2021 Percent change 11,461 5,067 13,099 48,405 14,373 6,247 23,467 5,393 6,551 90,808 20,081 12,638 2,955 8,874 400,612 8,782 5,709 9,133 5,463 6,025 6,794 34,888 7,227 5,424 14,478 7,327 34,289 54,826 11,573 23,796 26,137 7,985 8,891 2.0 0.0 5.9 1.3 3.4 -1.1 8.7 7.3 4.2 0.9 2.1 3.7 -1.3 4.7 1.8 4.3 -1.5 0.4 -0.5 2.8 -0.4 2.0 4.5 2.8 0.5 1.1 2.5 4.1 1.8 3.2 0.4 3.9 0.2 1,275,291 2,955 1,272,336 11.3 -4.4 15.7 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items 2 United States Nonmetropolitan portion Metropolitan Statistical Areas Abilene, TX Akron, OH Albany, GA Albany-Lebanon, OR Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Albuquerque, NM Alexandria, LA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Altoona, PA Amarillo, TX Ames, IA Anchorage, AK Ann Arbor, MI Anniston-Oxford, AL Appleton, WI Asheville, NC Athens-Clarke County, GA Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ Auburn-Opelika, AL Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown, TX Bakersfield, CA Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Bangor, ME Barnstable Town, MA Baton Rouge, LA Battle Creek, MI Bay City, MI Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX Beckley, WV Bellingham, WA Bend, OR Billings, MT Binghamton, NY Birmingham-Hoover, AL Bismarck, ND Blacksburg-Christiansburg, VA Bloomington, IL Bloomington, IN Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA Boise City, ID Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Boulder, CO Bowling Green, KY Bremerton-Silverdale-Port Orchard, WA Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Brownsville-Harlingen, TX Brunswick, GA Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY Burlington, NC Burlington-South Burlington, VT California-Lexington Park, MD Canton-Massillon, OH Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL Cape Girardeau, MO-IL Carbondale-Marion, IL Carson City, NV Services Goods Housing Utilities Other Percent change from previous year All items 100.0 89.0 99.6 96.1 100.4 59.9 97.7 90.2 100.3 97.4 115.6 102.9 4.0 4.8 92.0 93.7 89.4 101.8 99.2 92.3 89.1 98.3 89.6 93.8 91.3 106.3 99.8 83.8 93.5 94.7 94.4 99.1 97.2 89.7 92.0 100.0 100.9 105.0 96.7 101.1 93.2 90.6 91.7 93.3 89.0 104.7 102.7 92.5 94.6 90.9 94.2 92.2 93.1 94.1 89.8 93.9 109.7 101.3 88.4 103.7 105.8 88.4 90.1 95.1 89.6 102.6 96.4 90.0 100.0 88.6 86.8 94.2 96.2 95.0 95.7 106.3 95.9 96.9 95.4 96.0 96.1 96.2 94.1 108.5 95.0 94.1 95.3 96.1 95.7 97.2 95.8 94.1 95.8 96.2 106.8 100.7 98.9 96.7 95.4 95.0 95.0 96.2 96.2 106.4 106.3 96.8 95.9 94.1 94.2 96.0 95.3 95.3 96.1 96.6 109.4 96.5 94.1 106.4 97.0 96.2 95.7 95.9 96.1 97.9 96.0 95.0 95.7 94.2 95.3 97.0 71.0 80.3 56.6 101.4 100.1 84.4 56.8 96.2 55.8 77.1 72.3 113.0 121.7 50.0 75.4 81.8 79.6 105.6 90.7 70.8 68.0 122.5 92.2 120.9 77.6 107.9 75.4 62.1 67.6 74.2 55.4 121.3 106.7 84.8 74.1 72.1 92.2 72.7 74.0 83.1 53.6 97.3 146.8 166.3 62.1 115.9 157.8 55.7 64.0 76.1 62.5 119.0 88.2 60.8 111.7 59.8 51.1 98.8 84.9 91.9 89.9 97.3 132.9 81.0 80.2 108.1 109.3 86.7 98.2 112.7 105.0 89.2 96.5 84.4 90.6 99.8 109.5 85.8 91.4 85.5 144.5 102.4 127.5 148.6 80.5 101.1 101.7 85.6 84.9 92.4 97.3 74.5 132.6 86.0 87.1 86.1 92.2 92.8 108.9 68.1 156.5 78.5 80.2 89.7 146.6 84.6 88.5 129.1 86.0 129.5 93.7 91.7 84.7 91.8 93.5 75.6 98.6 97.4 99.5 99.0 100.1 92.1 99.3 100.1 100.2 98.6 95.2 103.2 97.9 96.0 97.6 99.7 99.5 98.7 100.0 96.0 99.6 98.6 98.8 103.3 101.5 99.7 99.3 97.9 97.9 98.6 100.1 99.0 99.0 92.9 100.1 96.0 95.2 99.6 97.9 97.7 100.2 92.1 101.2 91.7 96.2 99.0 100.6 98.6 99.5 100.1 99.7 100.1 99.5 97.4 99.8 95.4 97.9 91.6 106.4 108.4 103.3 117.7 114.6 106.7 103.0 113.7 103.6 108.4 105.5 122.9 115.3 96.9 108.1 109.5 109.2 114.6 112.4 103.7 106.3 115.7 116.7 121.4 111.8 116.9 107.7 104.7 106.0 107.9 102.9 121.1 118.8 107.0 109.4 105.0 109.0 106.6 107.6 108.8 103.8 108.5 126.8 117.1 102.3 119.9 122.3 102.2 104.2 110.0 103.6 118.7 111.5 104.1 115.6 102.4 100.3 108.9 5.8 4.1 11.0 3.1 3.9 2.1 6.6 2.3 3.6 3.2 2.1 7.6 5.1 1.9 5.4 5.7 8.8 4.5 0.2 4.7 6.6 2.9 4.4 3.8 3.5 4.0 4.1 3.8 7.3 7.5 10.8 5.1 2.2 4.7 1.2 3.0 5.3 5.4 4.2 4.7 1.9 4.3 1.3 3.5 3.0 2.2 1.5 7.8 5.4 4.7 3.7 1.9 2.2 5.2 6.0 3.6 2.9 3.4 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items Casper, WY Cedar Rapids, IA Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA Champaign-Urbana, IL Charleston, WV Charleston-North Charleston, SC Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Charlottesville, VA Chattanooga, TN-GA Cheyenne, WY Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI Chico, CA Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Clarksville, TN-KY Cleveland, TN Cleveland-Elyria, OH Coeur d'Alene, ID College Station-Bryan, TX Colorado Springs, CO Columbia, MO Columbia, SC Columbus, GA-AL Columbus, IN Columbus, OH Corpus Christi, TX Corvallis, OR Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL Cumberland, MD-WV Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Dalton, GA Danville, IL Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Dayton-Kettering, OH Decatur, AL Decatur, IL Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Dothan, AL Dover, DE Dubuque, IA Duluth, MN-WI Durham-Chapel Hill, NC East Stroudsburg, PA Eau Claire, WI El Centro, CA Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY Elkhart-Goshen, IN Elmira, NY El Paso, TX Enid, OK Erie, PA Eugene-Springfield, OR Evansville, IN-KY Fairbanks, AK Fargo, ND-MN Farmington, NM Fayetteville, NC Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR 91.3 91.8 95.2 93.5 90.7 99.1 96.6 100.3 90.2 92.9 105.4 102.5 94.3 90.6 88.0 94.2 93.8 95.1 96.8 89.5 93.3 89.0 92.0 95.0 94.8 101.8 96.9 91.2 103.9 90.8 88.3 92.1 91.4 92.5 86.3 89.8 97.8 109.2 93.3 96.1 86.2 95.9 87.9 88.8 96.0 97.9 91.9 95.7 87.4 87.9 94.9 93.1 87.5 92.2 100.6 90.3 103.9 92.6 89.5 91.7 93.3 Goods 96.5 94.1 96.1 95.3 96.2 96.0 96.1 96.0 94.1 96.5 106.6 106.8 95.0 94.3 94.4 95.0 96.6 96.2 96.5 94.2 96.0 95.7 95.3 95.0 96.2 106.3 95.7 96.1 102.7 95.7 95.3 94.1 94.1 95.0 94.1 95.3 95.7 106.6 94.1 94.5 94.1 95.8 94.1 94.4 96.1 96.1 95.3 106.8 94.1 95.3 95.9 96.2 95.8 96.1 106.3 95.3 108.5 94.2 96.9 96.1 95.8 Services Housing 75.8 77.6 76.1 77.1 58.8 106.0 90.6 114.5 73.4 86.6 113.4 102.3 83.1 74.9 62.2 82.8 96.4 85.5 119.7 64.4 74.8 57.7 70.2 87.4 84.8 101.4 93.3 65.6 114.2 62.6 54.6 80.5 72.0 73.3 49.8 60.6 99.2 146.2 85.0 90.3 52.4 83.4 59.4 68.2 86.6 93.9 70.8 67.0 58.6 59.4 77.0 76.0 51.3 63.7 95.1 60.8 95.9 78.6 72.2 69.1 75.5 Utilities 75.7 99.3 107.5 93.2 84.9 89.6 86.1 87.7 77.9 76.3 82.9 145.4 91.4 76.9 75.8 92.1 68.7 86.2 79.6 91.9 90.2 91.0 92.6 92.0 84.2 97.3 86.6 90.5 84.8 90.6 92.3 84.9 101.3 92.1 86.9 93.0 85.0 93.1 100.4 101.4 86.2 91.8 96.5 94.7 85.2 104.0 96.7 140.2 79.0 92.1 130.7 86.1 79.6 108.9 94.2 93.0 117.4 90.4 81.8 83.2 83.2 Other 93.8 95.2 100.2 97.9 100.1 99.9 99.7 99.6 94.9 93.8 103.8 98.8 97.6 95.1 94.8 97.4 92.1 98.6 91.7 95.4 99.9 99.5 97.7 97.4 98.6 99.0 99.8 99.8 103.1 99.5 97.9 96.0 95.5 97.4 96.0 97.9 99.8 102.1 95.2 98.8 96.0 100.3 95.2 95.1 99.7 100.2 97.6 98.8 96.2 97.7 100.1 98.6 98.2 100.2 99.0 97.8 103.2 95.2 92.1 99.7 97.5 Percent change from previous year All items 105.6 106.2 110.0 108.1 104.9 114.6 111.7 115.9 104.3 107.4 121.9 118.5 109.1 104.7 101.8 108.9 108.4 110.0 112.0 103.5 107.9 102.9 106.4 109.9 109.6 117.7 112.0 105.5 120.1 104.9 102.1 106.5 105.6 107.0 99.7 103.8 113.1 126.2 107.9 111.1 99.7 110.9 101.7 102.7 111.0 113.1 106.3 110.6 101.1 101.6 109.8 107.7 101.2 106.6 116.3 104.4 120.2 107.0 103.4 106.0 107.9 2.0 5.1 4.8 5.4 8.7 5.1 6.6 6.1 4.2 5.7 4.8 4.5 4.4 6.1 5.6 4.6 4.9 4.0 2.1 2.1 7.9 7.4 4.6 4.5 3.8 3.1 6.2 7.6 3.5 12.0 5.9 5.6 3.7 4.7 3.1 5.5 5.2 3.7 3.6 1.6 3.8 6.3 2.4 12.1 5.8 3.2 3.8 2.5 3.5 0.2 3.2 4.4 4.7 3.1 3.9 4.8 9.9 4.0 4.4 7.3 4.6 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items Flagstaff, AZ Flint, MI Florence, SC Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL Fond du Lac, WI Fort Collins, CO Fort Smith, AR-OK Fort Wayne, IN Fresno, CA Gadsden, AL Gainesville, FL Gainesville, GA Gettysburg, PA Glens Falls, NY Goldsboro, NC Grand Forks, ND-MN Grand Island, NE Grand Junction, CO Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI Grants Pass, OR Great Falls, MT Greeley, CO Green Bay, WI Greensboro-High Point, NC Greenville, NC Greenville-Anderson, SC Gulfport-Biloxi, MS Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV Hammond, LA Hanford-Corcoran, CA Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Harrisonburg, VA Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT Hattiesburg, MS Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Hilton Head Island-Bluffton, SC Hinesville, GA Homosassa Springs, FL Hot Springs, AR Houma-Thibodaux, LA Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Huntsville, AL Idaho Falls, ID Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Iowa City, IA Ithaca, NY Jackson, MI Jackson, MS Jackson, TN Jacksonville, FL Jacksonville, NC Janesville-Beloit, WI Jefferson City, MO Johnson City, TN Johnstown, PA Jonesboro, AR Joplin, MO Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI Kalamazoo-Portage, MI Kankakee, IL 95.6 89.2 90.6 85.5 92.2 98.0 88.0 92.1 101.6 84.6 95.9 94.0 95.6 95.7 90.1 90.1 88.9 92.5 96.7 98.6 87.2 95.5 92.4 92.8 89.6 93.5 89.2 95.3 88.5 98.6 97.5 94.1 101.7 88.6 89.3 99.1 93.6 93.8 89.2 88.1 99.7 88.5 91.5 90.6 95.0 92.8 102.4 93.8 89.0 85.5 98.7 89.7 93.1 88.2 87.3 86.6 87.3 88.0 112.0 93.2 92.2 Goods 96.7 95.0 96.0 94.1 95.3 96.5 95.8 95.3 106.8 94.1 95.7 95.7 96.1 95.9 96.1 94.2 94.3 96.5 95.0 106.3 96.8 96.5 95.3 96.1 96.1 96.0 94.5 96.1 95.4 106.8 96.1 96.0 97.0 94.5 96.1 96.0 95.7 95.7 95.8 95.4 98.4 96.1 94.1 96.6 95.3 94.1 95.9 95.0 94.5 94.4 95.7 96.1 95.3 94.2 94.4 96.1 95.8 94.2 110.6 95.0 95.3 Services Housing 103.9 57.9 61.0 49.9 70.1 128.6 53.0 70.7 95.2 50.9 86.9 78.3 78.3 81.4 60.5 68.2 61.6 89.0 96.3 86.7 55.5 108.7 72.3 71.0 59.5 73.7 68.4 82.0 53.8 78.4 90.3 78.0 112.9 61.9 56.0 104.6 75.7 78.3 60.6 53.1 105.8 53.9 73.0 76.8 86.2 82.3 124.2 77.3 65.3 53.7 105.2 61.7 76.4 58.8 59.9 43.8 53.3 57.5 130.3 76.2 71.5 Utilities 83.3 103.9 90.5 88.3 95.8 78.4 82.1 92.1 144.0 87.5 86.3 91.4 106.2 133.5 83.5 90.2 84.9 79.8 98.8 93.3 74.0 78.4 95.8 85.2 82.8 91.1 78.5 88.6 80.8 142.9 110.0 86.7 146.2 79.9 83.4 89.7 88.7 85.4 82.2 80.8 88.9 84.9 86.4 68.5 92.0 99.6 133.5 106.3 80.3 76.8 85.5 83.1 95.6 90.2 75.4 112.5 83.0 90.3 189.6 102.8 92.0 Other 92.2 97.9 99.9 96.0 97.6 91.7 97.6 97.7 98.8 96.0 99.8 99.5 100.2 100.1 99.7 95.1 95.8 91.7 97.9 99.0 92.9 91.7 97.6 99.7 99.7 99.9 94.7 99.8 99.3 98.8 100.2 99.6 100.6 94.7 99.7 99.9 99.5 99.8 97.5 99.3 99.7 99.5 96.0 92.1 97.7 95.2 100.1 97.9 94.7 94.8 99.8 99.7 97.6 95.4 94.8 100.2 97.5 95.4 104.4 97.9 97.9 Percent change from previous year All items 110.5 103.1 104.8 98.9 106.6 113.3 101.8 106.5 117.4 97.8 110.9 108.7 110.6 110.6 104.2 104.2 102.8 106.9 111.8 114.0 100.8 110.5 106.8 107.3 103.6 108.1 103.1 110.1 102.3 114.0 112.8 108.8 117.6 102.4 103.2 114.6 108.2 108.5 103.1 101.9 115.3 102.4 105.8 104.8 109.9 107.3 118.3 108.5 102.9 98.8 114.2 103.7 107.6 102.0 100.9 100.1 100.9 101.7 129.5 107.8 106.6 2.5 3.1 9.1 7.6 5.2 3.4 5.3 6.4 4.1 3.5 7.5 3.5 2.8 4.4 9.4 2.5 2.6 1.0 6.3 7.9 5.0 2.0 4.4 7.9 6.5 7.5 3.8 6.4 6.3 2.4 5.3 8.2 2.0 7.9 6.5 10.0 8.5 8.4 6.2 -0.3 3.8 6.1 5.1 3.7 5.4 1.0 4.9 5.8 3.8 6.2 6.5 5.5 5.8 3.0 2.6 2.6 6.1 3.8 5.1 1.6 5.8 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items Kansas City, MO-KS Kennewick-Richland, WA Killeen-Temple, TX Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Kingston, NY Knoxville, TN Kokomo, IN La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN Lafayette, LA Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN Lake Charles, LA Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL Lancaster, PA Lansing-East Lansing, MI Laredo, TX Las Cruces, NM Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV Lawrence, KS Lawton, OK Lebanon, PA Lewiston, ID-WA Lewiston-Auburn, ME Lexington-Fayette, KY Lima, OH Lincoln, NE Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR Logan, UT-ID Longview, TX Longview, WA Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Lubbock, TX Lynchburg, VA Macon-Bibb County, GA Madera, CA Madison, WI Manchester-Nashua, NH Manhattan, KS Mankato, MN Mansfield, OH McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX Medford, OR Memphis, TN-MS-AR Merced, CA Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL Michigan City-La Porte, IN Midland, MI Midland, TX Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Missoula, MT Mobile, AL Modesto, CA Monroe, LA Monroe, MI Montgomery, AL Morgantown, WV Morristown, TN Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA Muncie, IN 93.7 100.5 93.6 85.9 100.1 90.4 90.8 94.9 90.7 92.5 90.2 89.6 96.2 97.1 94.1 89.9 86.1 95.5 92.7 87.5 96.1 87.2 94.0 92.0 89.0 93.1 92.0 92.0 92.7 98.8 113.8 91.8 93.9 91.3 87.4 100.1 96.7 102.2 90.6 88.3 88.6 87.8 102.1 90.6 100.3 109.9 90.9 91.7 97.9 95.6 103.6 94.7 87.8 103.0 86.4 92.2 88.6 95.6 84.6 100.4 89.1 Goods 94.1 106.4 96.2 94.6 95.9 94.4 95.3 95.3 95.4 95.3 95.4 96.7 95.7 96.1 95.0 96.2 96.9 97.0 94.0 95.8 96.1 96.9 98.9 94.1 95.0 94.3 95.8 96.5 96.2 106.4 108.8 94.0 96.2 96.0 95.7 106.8 95.3 98.1 94.0 94.4 95.0 96.2 106.3 94.4 106.8 105.3 95.3 95.0 96.2 95.3 103.6 96.8 94.1 106.8 95.4 95.0 94.1 96.2 94.4 106.4 95.3 Services Housing 84.9 95.7 77.3 54.7 107.2 73.4 66.2 86.9 63.1 75.3 62.3 73.3 89.7 87.9 79.7 60.5 58.0 107.6 78.3 52.4 82.4 68.0 61.3 77.8 55.9 83.0 70.3 84.5 73.1 86.7 181.2 77.5 78.5 66.3 54.4 87.1 97.5 115.0 67.8 60.0 55.3 56.2 103.9 74.6 88.4 143.9 65.7 67.6 103.0 89.8 114.7 98.4 61.4 105.0 48.7 71.1 64.8 81.2 56.0 95.8 60.4 Utilities 97.1 89.3 84.5 77.8 132.1 75.4 91.8 95.5 80.3 91.9 80.5 82.2 84.9 108.2 101.8 84.3 82.9 76.6 105.5 79.3 110.6 70.0 128.1 78.9 92.0 87.6 82.9 71.2 85.6 94.6 131.2 78.5 86.1 86.7 91.5 144.6 96.0 138.4 100.6 97.8 91.6 84.5 93.3 78.0 145.9 96.8 92.7 101.7 86.0 97.2 89.9 76.0 86.9 140.1 80.9 100.8 86.0 85.0 76.6 90.8 92.5 Other 95.8 99.0 98.6 95.7 100.1 94.8 97.7 97.6 99.3 97.7 99.3 92.2 99.8 100.2 97.9 98.6 92.1 91.6 96.4 98.2 100.2 92.0 101.5 96.2 97.4 95.8 97.5 92.6 98.6 99.0 102.5 96.0 98.6 99.6 99.5 98.8 97.6 101.0 96.4 95.0 97.4 98.6 99.0 94.8 98.8 103.8 97.7 97.9 98.6 97.6 101.2 92.9 96.0 98.8 99.3 97.9 96.0 100.1 94.8 99.0 97.7 Percent change from previous year All items 108.3 116.2 108.2 99.3 115.7 104.5 105.0 109.7 104.9 107.0 104.3 103.6 111.2 112.3 108.8 104.0 99.6 110.5 107.2 101.1 111.1 100.8 108.7 106.4 103.0 107.6 106.3 106.4 107.2 114.2 131.6 106.2 108.6 105.5 101.1 115.7 111.8 118.1 104.7 102.1 102.4 101.5 118.1 104.8 116.0 127.1 105.1 106.0 113.1 110.5 119.8 109.5 101.5 119.1 99.9 106.6 102.4 110.5 97.8 116.1 103.1 2.5 4.6 5.8 7.1 2.2 5.1 6.7 10.5 4.9 5.8 3.0 6.1 7.2 3.0 4.5 1.9 2.8 1.7 2.7 6.2 5.1 5.4 -1.8 4.5 3.6 2.0 5.4 5.1 4.3 2.5 4.2 4.0 3.2 7.8 6.8 10.1 4.8 1.4 2.7 0.9 3.5 3.4 4.1 4.2 5.4 4.0 2.8 7.3 6.2 3.8 5.0 5.2 5.1 3.5 8.5 2.4 5.4 8.3 4.9 2.0 6.2 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items Muskegon, MI Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC Napa, CA Naples-Marco Island, FL Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN New Bern, NC New Haven-Milford, CT New Orleans-Metairie, LA New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA Niles, MI North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL Norwich-New London, CT Ocala, FL Ocean City, NJ Odessa, TX Ogden-Clearfield, UT Oklahoma City, OK Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Owensboro, KY Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL Panama City, FL Parkersburg-Vienna, WV Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL Peoria, IL Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ Pine Bluff, AR Pittsburgh, PA Pittsfield, MA Pocatello, ID Portland-South Portland, ME Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Port St. Lucie, FL Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Provo-Orem, UT Pueblo, CO Punta Gorda, FL Racine, WI Raleigh-Cary, NC Rapid City, SD Reading, PA Redding, CA Reno, NV Richmond, VA Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Roanoke, VA Rochester, MN Rochester, NY Rockford, IL Rocky Mount, NC Rome, GA Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA Saginaw, MI St. Cloud, MN St. George, UT 92.1 94.8 112.1 102.2 95.5 91.2 101.3 94.4 114.6 92.1 99.3 100.0 94.0 94.5 96.5 93.6 92.8 103.6 93.6 99.8 92.6 87.4 111.4 99.0 96.8 89.5 95.8 90.5 99.2 99.2 87.9 95.2 95.9 88.8 101.7 105.4 98.5 110.1 94.0 101.2 95.8 90.9 96.3 92.2 97.6 91.9 96.3 99.4 97.4 97.9 105.5 93.8 91.9 97.7 93.4 87.8 90.9 106.3 91.1 87.5 94.2 Goods 95.0 96.1 106.8 95.7 94.4 96.1 97.0 95.4 104.4 95.0 95.7 97.0 95.7 95.8 96.2 96.5 95.8 106.4 94.3 95.7 95.3 94.1 106.8 95.7 95.7 96.2 95.7 95.3 94.2 94.8 95.8 96.1 96.7 96.6 98.9 106.3 95.7 104.5 96.7 97.6 96.5 96.5 95.7 95.3 96.1 93.9 96.1 106.8 97.0 96.0 100.4 96.0 94.4 95.9 95.3 96.1 95.7 106.8 95.0 94.4 96.5 Services Housing 71.7 84.4 186.3 125.8 105.0 66.9 108.6 82.1 159.8 70.8 107.8 99.7 77.4 83.0 94.1 92.8 75.2 115.3 86.5 112.6 71.8 53.2 188.0 106.0 93.1 52.2 86.6 61.7 114.7 116.1 51.9 75.8 79.5 70.9 107.4 127.9 102.8 116.8 94.7 105.6 110.0 81.6 90.9 70.0 97.0 76.5 83.1 82.0 122.6 99.5 129.4 78.3 76.5 90.6 77.2 51.5 62.2 132.5 66.8 58.3 96.4 Utilities 98.2 87.6 143.5 85.0 75.7 83.8 146.1 80.6 130.0 102.9 85.4 147.9 86.1 111.7 86.0 71.7 79.6 89.5 86.5 85.4 96.3 80.5 137.2 85.5 86.4 84.9 86.8 92.7 101.0 89.7 83.0 110.4 146.7 68.0 126.9 97.4 85.4 137.1 85.8 146.2 71.7 78.9 84.4 96.3 84.8 93.8 110.5 146.4 75.1 87.1 151.3 87.7 94.3 132.2 91.8 85.3 91.9 139.6 101.9 97.5 72.1 Other 97.9 99.9 98.8 99.8 94.8 99.7 100.6 99.3 110.8 97.9 99.8 100.6 99.8 100.0 98.6 92.7 98.2 99.0 95.8 99.8 97.6 96.2 98.8 99.8 99.8 100.1 99.8 97.9 98.8 98.4 97.5 100.2 99.7 92.1 101.5 99.0 99.8 111.1 92.2 100.8 92.7 91.7 99.8 97.6 99.7 95.5 100.2 98.8 91.6 99.6 100.8 99.6 95.0 100.1 97.9 99.7 99.5 98.8 97.9 95.0 92.7 Percent change from previous year All items 106.5 109.6 129.6 118.1 110.5 105.5 117.1 109.2 132.5 106.5 114.8 115.7 108.6 109.3 111.6 108.3 107.2 119.8 108.3 115.4 107.0 101.0 128.8 114.4 111.9 103.4 110.8 104.6 114.7 114.7 101.6 110.0 110.9 102.7 117.6 121.8 113.9 127.3 108.7 117.0 110.8 105.1 111.3 106.6 112.8 106.2 111.4 114.9 112.6 113.2 122.0 108.4 106.3 112.9 108.0 101.5 105.1 122.9 105.4 101.1 108.9 2.4 6.3 3.9 7.3 3.4 7.5 1.8 2.6 3.3 6.0 3.7 1.7 7.0 -3.9 1.2 2.2 3.9 5.5 2.9 5.4 4.0 2.2 3.8 6.3 6.4 8.0 6.7 4.5 1.1 0.3 8.5 3.2 0.5 3.9 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.6 4.8 3.5 5.2 5.1 1.3 2.1 6.3 2.1 4.1 3.5 2.9 6.2 5.0 8.1 -1.3 4.1 5.7 8.8 9.7 3.2 6.5 -0.3 2.2 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items St. Joseph, MO-KS St. Louis, MO-IL Salem, OR Salinas, CA Salisbury, MD-DE Salt Lake City, UT San Angelo, TX San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA Santa Fe, NM Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA Savannah, GA Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL Sebring-Avon Park, FL Sheboygan, WI Sherman-Denison, TX Shreveport-Bossier City, LA Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ Sioux City, IA-NE-SD Sioux Falls, SD South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI Spartanburg, SC Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA Springfield, IL Springfield, MA Springfield, MO Springfield, OH State College, PA Staunton, VA Stockton, CA Sumter, SC Syracuse, NY Tallahassee, FL Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Terre Haute, IN Texarkana, TX-AR The Villages, FL Toledo, OH Topeka, KS Trenton-Princeton, NJ Tucson, AZ Tulsa, OK Tuscaloosa, AL Twin Falls, ID Tyler, TX Urban Honolulu, HI Utica-Rome, NY Valdosta, GA Vallejo, CA Victoria, TX Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Visalia, CA Waco, TX 88.9 96.2 101.8 109.3 94.0 96.2 92.1 96.4 115.1 119.8 111.6 108.6 109.1 93.4 111.8 109.8 95.4 93.4 114.6 98.2 90.0 93.3 93.2 90.3 88.1 90.0 93.0 91.9 92.7 98.7 91.9 97.8 89.1 87.2 95.8 92.9 104.6 86.6 96.5 95.0 99.0 87.4 88.4 96.1 90.5 89.2 101.9 92.9 92.0 88.1 90.0 94.8 114.7 92.8 88.3 109.4 92.1 96.8 97.8 99.0 94.7 Goods 94.2 105.3 106.3 106.8 95.9 96.5 96.2 96.2 107.4 113.4 106.8 106.8 106.8 96.9 106.8 106.8 95.7 96.1 114.9 95.7 95.7 95.3 96.2 95.4 96.7 94.1 93.9 95.3 96.0 106.4 95.3 96.7 94.2 95.0 96.1 96.0 106.8 96.0 95.9 95.7 96.1 95.3 96.0 95.7 95.0 94.0 95.8 96.7 95.8 94.1 96.6 96.2 110.6 95.9 95.7 106.8 96.2 95.8 96.0 106.8 96.2 Services Housing 60.9 80.2 101.9 159.1 80.0 112.6 71.7 92.6 189.7 213.2 241.1 146.5 168.1 91.9 186.7 170.2 86.6 68.4 152.9 100.3 62.3 77.0 74.1 64.5 64.5 64.9 79.5 69.6 69.3 86.9 67.3 87.9 63.0 48.9 81.4 72.8 117.8 50.0 83.4 80.6 111.5 54.8 58.5 88.9 64.6 62.0 126.6 88.7 71.3 59.1 75.4 82.3 155.5 65.7 58.6 158.3 69.8 89.2 99.1 81.3 82.9 Utilities 95.2 92.4 96.0 140.0 92.1 71.6 85.2 84.7 166.6 167.5 140.1 136.8 138.3 80.9 136.0 140.6 89.1 110.1 94.5 85.6 85.3 94.1 85.9 81.2 84.7 96.6 93.6 92.8 90.8 89.8 92.4 148.3 90.4 91.8 109.7 87.9 142.2 91.0 132.4 86.1 95.9 92.8 85.0 86.1 92.0 102.2 115.5 82.4 79.6 86.2 68.8 85.6 180.9 132.2 88.6 140.0 86.0 108.7 86.9 143.1 84.5 Other 95.4 95.5 99.0 98.8 100.0 92.7 98.6 98.6 103.6 108.2 98.8 98.8 98.8 92.1 98.8 98.8 99.5 100.2 106.1 99.8 99.8 97.6 98.6 99.3 92.2 95.4 95.5 97.8 99.9 99.0 97.9 99.7 95.4 97.4 100.2 99.6 98.8 99.9 100.1 99.8 97.5 97.7 98.2 99.8 97.4 96.4 100.0 92.2 98.2 96.0 92.1 98.6 104.4 100.1 99.5 98.8 98.6 100.0 99.6 98.8 98.6 Percent change from previous year All items 102.7 111.3 117.7 126.3 108.6 111.3 106.4 111.4 133.1 138.6 129.1 125.5 126.1 108.0 129.3 127.0 110.3 108.0 132.5 113.5 104.1 107.9 107.7 104.4 101.9 104.1 107.6 106.2 107.1 114.1 106.2 113.1 103.0 100.8 110.7 107.4 120.9 100.1 111.6 109.8 114.4 101.0 102.2 111.1 104.7 103.2 117.8 107.4 106.4 101.9 104.1 109.6 132.7 107.3 102.1 126.5 106.5 112.0 113.1 114.4 109.5 5.3 5.1 4.8 2.8 7.8 2.9 0.8 3.5 4.0 4.6 2.1 1.3 1.4 0.8 3.7 2.2 7.4 4.1 5.5 7.2 5.9 4.1 4.8 6.2 3.4 4.0 3.7 4.2 8.0 3.9 4.9 1.7 4.7 1.4 1.4 10.2 3.1 10.4 4.3 8.3 1.8 4.2 4.7 8.3 3.7 3.0 1.5 2.8 4.2 5.5 6.6 3.3 3.6 2.9 8.2 2.7 0.4 4.0 6.4 3.9 5.1 THURSDAY, December 15, 2022 Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021 Implicit regional price deflators1 Regional price parities All items Walla Walla, WA Warner Robins, GA Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Wausau-Weston, WI Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Wenatchee, WA Wheeling, WV-OH Wichita, KS Wichita Falls, TX Williamsport, PA Wilmington, NC Winchester, VA-WV Winston-Salem, NC Worcester, MA-CT Yakima, WA York-Hanover, PA Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Yuba City, CA Yuma, AZ 99.2 92.0 111.3 88.9 94.0 90.0 89.2 103.1 89.3 90.8 91.1 91.8 97.6 97.3 91.7 100.0 97.7 96.9 87.4 101.5 89.5 Goods 106.4 95.7 108.8 94.1 95.9 95.3 96.3 106.4 96.3 94.0 96.2 96.1 96.1 96.0 96.1 96.8 106.4 96.1 95.1 106.8 96.7 Services Housing 87.7 67.9 160.7 65.1 73.2 62.1 51.9 110.3 51.8 69.9 64.6 60.9 97.9 94.7 66.3 102.8 84.3 85.9 53.4 95.1 72.2 Utilities 91.0 89.3 107.8 98.8 130.9 94.8 86.6 94.2 86.3 100.5 85.7 108.7 82.8 87.0 84.4 149.1 90.3 107.6 93.1 144.5 80.8 Other Percent change from previous year All items 99.0 99.5 102.7 95.2 100.1 97.6 99.8 99.0 99.9 96.4 98.6 100.2 99.7 99.7 99.7 99.8 99.0 100.2 97.5 98.8 92.2 114.7 106.4 128.7 102.8 108.6 104.0 103.1 119.2 103.2 105.0 105.4 106.1 112.8 112.5 106.0 115.6 113.0 112.0 101.1 117.4 103.5 8.2 4.0 3.9 2.0 7.3 4.9 7.0 4.6 6.8 2.7 2.3 1.8 7.7 7.2 6.5 2.8 5.4 2.9 5.6 3.3 4.8 Maximum 119.8 114.9 241.1 189.6 111.1 Minimum 83.8 93.9 43.8 68.0 91.6 Range 36.0 21.0 197.3 121.6 19.6 1. The implicit price deflator for the United States is equal to the national personal consumption expenditures price index, with a base of 2012. 2. The U.S. all items regional price parities is the average price level across all metropolitan areas and the U.S. nonmetropolitan portion. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 138.6 96.9 41.6 12.1 -3.9 16.0