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EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 8:30 a.m. EST, Thursday, December 15, 2022
Technical:
Media:

Eric Figueroa
Connie O’Connell

301-278-9328
301-278-9003

BEA 22–62

RPP@bea.gov
Connie.OConnell@bea.gov

Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by State and
Real Personal Income by State and Metropolitan Area, 2021
Real personal consumption expenditures (PCE) by state increased in all 50 states and the District of
Columbia in 2021, according to statistics released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).
The percent change in real PCE across all 50 states and the District of Columbia ranged from 12.5
percent in Utah to 2.0 percent in West Virginia (table 1).

Page 1 of 7

Real PCE by state is a state's current-dollar PCE (Consumer Spending by State) adjusted by the state's
regional price parity and the national PCE price index. In 2021, the national PCE price index increased 4.0
percent.
•

Utah had the largest increase in real PCE, at 12.5 percent. Current-dollar PCE increased 16.3
percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 3.4 percent (table 2).

•

Massachusetts and Arizona had the second largest increase in real PCE, at 11.6 percent. Currentdollar PCE increased 13.4 percent and 13.1 percent in Massachusetts and Arizona, respectively.
Their implicit regional price deflators increased 1.6 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively.

•

West Virginia had the smallest increase in real PCE, at 2.0 percent. Current-dollar PCE increased
10.3 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 8.1 percent.

Real personal income
Real personal income increased in 48 states and the District of Columbia in 2021. The percent change in
real personal income across all 50 states and the District of Columbia ranged from 7.2 percent in Nevada
to –2.7 percent in Alaska (table 1).

•

Nevada had the largest increase in real personal income, at 7.2 percent. Current-dollar personal
income (Personal Income by State) increased 9.7 percent while its implicit regional price deflator
increased 2.3 percent.

Page 2 of 7

•

Alaska had the largest decrease in real personal income, at 2.7 percent. Current-dollar personal
income increased 4.9 percent while its implicit regional price deflator increased 7.8 percent.

•

West Virginia was the only other state with a decrease in real personal income, at 1.2 percent.
Current-dollar personal income increased 6.8 percent while its implicit regional price deflator
increased 8.1 percent.

Regional price parities
Regional price parities (RPPs) measure the differences in price levels across states for a given year and
are expressed as a percentage of the overall national price level.

Page 3 of 7

The all items RPP covers all consumption goods and services including housing rents. Areas with
high/low RPPs typically correspond to areas with high/low price levels for rents.
•

States with the highest RPPs were Hawaii, at 113.2, California, at 111.8, and New York, at 109.5;
the RPP in the District of Columbia was 111.3 (table 2).

•

States with the lowest RPPs were Mississippi, at 86.6, Alabama, at 88.1, and Kentucky, at 89.1.

•

Across states, California had the highest RPP for housing rents, at 164.9, and Mississippi had the
lowest, at 56.2; the RPP for housing rents in the District of Columbia was 175.4.

Annual update to regional real PCE and real personal income
The annual estimates of state real PCE for 2017 to 2020 and state and metropolitan area real personal
income for 2014 to 2020 were revised. The updates incorporate revised source data that are more
complete and more detailed than previously available. These include the results of the 2022 annual
update of BEA’s National and Regional Accounts.
BEA also released new estimates of state real per capita PCE statistics and real per capita personal
income for 2021, along with revised estimates for 2010 to 2020. BEA used U.S. Census Bureau (Census)
population figures to calculate per capita estimates for 2020 and 2021. For 2010 through 2019, BEA
used intercensal population statistics that it developed based on Census methodology. See “Note on Per
Capita Personal Income and Population.”

Next release: December 14, 2023
Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by State and
Real Personal Income by State and Metropolitan Area, 2022

Page 4 of 7

Technical Notes on Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators
Price indexes commonly measure price changes over time. The BEA PCE price index and the Bureau of
Labor Statistics Consumer Price Index (CPI) are two examples. Spatial price indexes measure price level
differences across regions for one period. An example of these types of indexes are purchasing power
parities, which measure differences in price levels across countries for a given period and can be used to
convert estimates of per capita gross domestic product into comparable levels in a common currency.
The RPP that BEA has developed compares regions within the United States, without the need for
currency conversion. An implicit regional price deflator (IRPD) can be derived by combining the RPPs and
the U.S. PCE price index.
Regional price parities. The RPPs are calculated using price quotes for a wide array of items from the CPI
covering apparel, education, food, housing, medical, recreation, transportation, and other goods and
services. 1 Data on housing rents are obtained separately from the Census American Community Survey
(ACS). The expenditure weights for each category are constructed using BEA PCE and Census ACS
housing rents expenditures. 2
0F

1F

The CPI price levels and the ACS housing rents are combined with the expenditure weights using a
multilateral aggregation method that expresses a region’s price level relative to that of the United
States. 3
2F

For example, if the RPP for area A is 120 and for area B is 90, then on average, price levels are 20
percent higher and 10 percent lower than the U.S. average for A and B, respectively. If the personal
income for area A is $12,000 and for area B is $9,000, then RPP-adjusted incomes are $10,000 (or
$12,000/1.20) and $10,000 (or $9,000/0.90), respectively. In other words, the purchasing power of the
two incomes is equivalent when adjusted by their respective RPPs.
Implicit regional price deflator. The IRPD is a regional price index derived as the product of two terms:
the RPP and the U.S. PCE price index.
The IRPD will equal current-dollar PCE divided by real PCE in constant dollars. The growth rate or yearto-year change in the IRPDs is a measure of regional inflation. 4
3F

For complete information on the data sources and estimating methods, see “Regional Price Parities, Real
Personal Consumption Expenditures, and Real Personal Income.”

1. The BEA RPP statistics are based in part on restricted access CPI data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The BEA
statistics presented herein are products of BEA and not BLS.
2. To estimate RPPs, annual average CPI price quotes and ACS housing rents are quality adjusted. The rents data are from the
ACS Public Use Microdata Sample, and results incorporate BEA’s new method for estimating housing services across the
regional and national accounts. For more information, see the May 2021 issue of the Survey of Current Business.
3. The multilateral system that is used is the Geary additive method. Any region or combination of regions may be used as the
base or reference region without loss of consistency.
4. The growth rate of the IRPDs will not necessarily equal the region or metropolitan area price deflators published by BLS. This
is because the CPI deflators are calculated directly, while the IRPDs are indirect estimates based on CPI and ACS price levels and
PCE expenditure weights.

Page 5 of 7

Additional Information
Resources
•

•

•
•
•
•
•

County data are then aggregated to states and
metropolitan areas.

The full economic effects of the COVID–19
pandemic cannot be quantified in these statistics,
because the impacts are generally embedded in
source data and cannot be separately identified.
For more Information about COVID–19 impacts,
refer to “Federal Recovery Programs and BEA
Statistics” on our website.
Stay informed about BEA developments by
reading The BEA Wire, signing up for BEA’s email
subscription service, or following BEA on Twitter
@BEA_News.
Historical time series for these estimates can be
accessed in BEA’s Interactive Data Application.
Access BEA data by registering for BEA’s Data
Application Programming Interface.
For more on BEA’s statistics, see our online
journal, the Survey of Current Business.
For upcoming economic indicators, see BEA's
news release schedule.
For complete information on the data sources
and estimating methods, see “Regional Price
Parities,
Real
Personal
Consumption
Expenditures, and Real Personal Income.”

Definitions
Regional price parities (RPPs) are regional price levels
expressed as a percentage of the overall national price level
for a given year. The price level is determined by the
average prices paid by consumers for the mix of goods and
services consumed in each region.
Detailed Consumer Price Index (CPI) price data are adjusted
to obtain average price levels for the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics areas. 1 These are allocated to counties in
combination with direct price and expenditure data on
housing rents from the American Community Survey.
4F

Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) at RPPs is
current-dollar PCE divided by the price parity 2 for a given
year and region.
5F

Real PCE is PCE at RPPs divided by the national PCE price
index. The result is real PCE in constant dollars (using 2012
as the reference year). Using Nebraska in 2021 as an
example:
(1)
PCE is divided by
the RPP

(2)
(3)
PCE at RPPs is
2021 Nebraska
deflated by the U.S.
real PCE
PCE price index
$90.7 / 0.918 =
$98.8 / 1.156 =
$85.5
$98.8
$85.5
Note. Dollar amounts are in billions.
Total real PCE in the United States is derived as the sum of
the regional estimates and net expenditures abroad by U.S.
residents divided by the U.S. PCE price index.
Personal income at RPPs is current-dollar personal income
divided by the price parity for a given year and region. A
balancing factor is applied so that the sum of personal
income at RPPs across regions equals the current-dollar
sum.
Real personal income is personal income at RPPs divided by
the national PCE price index. The result is real personal
income in constant dollars (using 2012 as the reference
year).
Estimates of real personal income in the United States are
derived as the sum of the regional estimates divided by the
U.S. PCE price index.
Implicit regional price deflator is the product of the RPP
times the national PCE price index. It is equal to currentdollar PCE divided by real PCE.

1. The CPI represents about 93 percent of the total U.S. population, including almost all residents of urban or metropolitan
areas.
2. RPP should first be divided by 100.

Page 6 of 7

News Release Tables
Table 1. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures and Real Personal Income, by State, 2020–2021
Table 2. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by State, 2021
Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021

Page 7 of 7

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 1. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures and Real Personal Income, by State, 2020–2021
Real personal consumption expenditures
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
2020
2021
Percent change
1

United States

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

12,700,723
182,200
31,986
261,631
106,700
1,486,155
235,846
154,420
42,042
38,602
853,048
390,984
51,115
64,395
497,667
253,202
118,925
110,676
165,863
172,000
56,513
227,839
297,282
392,014
231,905
100,958
240,966
45,180
77,910
114,909
60,802
363,999
73,040
789,404
401,049
32,987
456,882
138,225
155,827
526,948
40,194
194,492
37,168
257,744
1,064,977
115,765
26,167
329,026
297,348
68,523
233,021
24,182

13,754,090
196,127
32,966
291,985
114,240
1,611,324
260,465
169,605
45,412
41,045
941,447
424,022
54,127
71,190
535,572
271,024
128,752
120,137
178,612
185,316
61,732
244,214
331,844
420,483
243,822
107,372
260,823
49,948
85,502
127,591
66,480
401,858
81,474
834,352
427,646
35,448
485,840
147,633
170,303
570,570
43,544
207,503
41,011
281,997
1,169,659
130,179
28,727
352,616
318,114
69,921
246,727
26,193

8.3
7.6
3.1
11.6
7.1
8.4
10.4
9.8
8.0
6.3
10.4
8.4
5.9
10.6
7.6
7.0
8.3
8.5
7.7
7.7
9.2
7.2
11.6
7.3
5.1
6.4
8.2
10.6
9.7
11.0
9.3
10.4
11.5
5.7
6.6
7.5
6.3
6.8
9.3
8.3
8.3
6.7
10.3
9.4
9.8
12.5
9.8
7.2
7.0
2.0
5.9
8.3

Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
2020
2021
Percent change
17,825,584
239,485
41,162
341,319
145,094
2,250,420
328,502
243,003
52,229
50,237
1,107,489
533,033
66,554
90,743
712,987
348,012
169,973
160,786
216,980
234,480
69,103
343,877
455,315
513,048
327,803
132,800
313,874
57,877
109,953
160,354
80,981
541,200
97,530
1,182,584
535,676
46,389
618,686
201,107
211,001
727,607
58,170
249,793
53,347
361,140
1,484,887
162,511
33,687
479,242
441,320
83,651
321,085
37,498

Maximum
1,486,155
1,611,324
12.5
2,250,420
Minimum
24,182
26,193
2.0
33,687
Range
1,461,973
1,585,131
10.5
2,216,733
1. The U.S. real personal consumption expenditures include net expenditures abroad by U.S. residents, but state estimates do not.
Note. Estimates may not add to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

18,412,541
246,874
40,052
362,114
148,569
2,332,658
346,082
253,920
53,406
50,398
1,160,014
545,636
67,312
94,097
728,883
359,702
176,780
164,557
225,019
238,269
71,622
351,519
475,687
522,601
333,418
135,580
321,702
59,578
113,636
171,884
86,042
567,509
102,712
1,207,419
548,116
47,613
628,660
206,387
220,212
750,119
59,937
252,155
55,542
376,695
1,556,765
171,487
35,127
486,026
454,854
82,629
326,703
38,264

3.3
3.1
-2.7
6.1
2.4
3.7
5.4
4.5
2.3
0.3
4.7
2.4
1.1
3.7
2.2
3.4
4.0
2.3
3.7
1.6
3.6
2.2
4.5
1.9
1.7
2.1
2.5
2.9
3.3
7.2
6.2
4.9
5.3
2.1
2.3
2.6
1.6
2.6
4.4
3.1
3.0
0.9
4.1
4.3
4.8
5.5
4.3
1.4
3.1
-1.2
1.7
2.0

2,332,658
35,127
2,297,531

7.2
-2.7
9.9

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 2. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by State, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
United States2

99.6
94.1
108.6
95.3
95.7
108.0
101.8
97.0
94.5
107.9
98.3
96.6
110.6
96.8
104.0
96.2
94.1
94.0
94.2
95.4
98.9
103.7
105.3
94.8
100.5
94.5
98.4
96.8
94.3
97.0
102.0
101.9
96.9
102.0
96.1
94.2
95.0
95.8
106.3
95.5
98.0
96.0
93.9
94.4
98.6
96.5
97.9
101.5
111.5
96.6
95.7
96.5

Services
Housing
100.4
60.7
102.9
102.4
59.5
164.9
129.5
120.9
97.1
175.4
113.1
85.5
140.8
84.2
96.2
71.4
66.3
69.8
63.4
66.9
81.2
124.2
129.0
80.7
93.1
56.2
70.1
79.3
75.7
107.9
107.1
135.1
73.0
131.6
76.0
71.1
72.8
64.0
109.4
86.7
109.1
76.1
64.9
76.4
95.6
99.4
93.6
110.2
125.7
59.1
76.2
77.3

Utilities
97.7
86.7
118.9
87.5
82.8
143.6
85.4
146.6
94.0
111.8
89.8
95.5
184.7
68.5
86.2
90.8
98.5
100.8
79.8
80.6
126.9
105.1
154.2
101.0
91.6
80.6
91.6
75.1
85.4
76.3
140.4
115.2
81.6
136.1
84.5
87.1
91.9
79.6
97.0
106.0
145.9
90.6
93.9
76.0
85.9
71.7
129.7
91.9
92.4
85.4
95.6
76.3

Other
100.3
96.1
102.2
96.6
97.5
102.1
97.2
100.6
100.4
102.7
100.6
98.9
104.4
92.2
102.0
98.3
95.2
96.4
96.5
99.3
101.5
102.7
100.9
98.3
99.1
94.7
95.4
92.9
95.8
91.6
100.6
107.5
92.1
107.9
99.7
95.2
97.4
98.2
99.0
99.5
101.4
99.9
95.5
94.8
100.2
92.7
100.1
101.0
103.3
100.2
97.8
93.8

Percent change from
previous year

All items
115.6
101.9
120.8
111.8
103.4
129.3
119.1
118.6
112.9
128.7
117.3
110.7
130.9
106.1
117.3
107.2
103.6
105.4
103.0
105.5
112.4
122.8
123.2
109.0
113.8
100.1
106.4
105.9
106.1
110.5
118.5
126.1
104.0
126.6
108.5
105.3
106.9
104.4
119.1
111.4
118.0
108.3
104.2
105.0
113.9
109.4
114.1
118.3
125.9
104.9
107.9
105.7

4.0
4.8
7.8
1.3
5.3
3.9
3.2
1.7
5.2
4.0
4.8
5.5
4.5
5.0
4.9
5.0
3.2
2.8
4.1
4.4
3.5
3.8
1.6
3.7
4.7
4.9
3.8
3.9
3.2
2.3
1.3
2.6
2.1
3.5
6.7
2.7
4.4
4.5
3.6
2.5
4.2
7.1
3.4
4.4
3.8
3.4
0.5
5.2
5.0
8.1
4.8
4.0

Maximum
113.2
111.5
175.4
184.7
107.9
130.9
Minimum
86.6
93.9
56.2
68.5
91.6
100.1
Range
26.6
17.6
119.2
116.2
16.4
30.8
1. The implicit price deflator for the United States is equal to the national personal consumption expenditures price index, with a base of 2012.
2. The U.S. all items regional price parities is the average price level across all states and the District of Columbia.
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

8.1
0.5
7.6

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

100.0
88.1
104.4
96.7
89.4
111.8
103.0
102.6
97.7
111.3
101.4
95.8
113.2
91.8
101.4
92.7
89.6
91.2
89.1
91.3
97.2
106.2
106.6
94.3
98.4
86.6
92.0
91.6
91.8
95.5
102.5
109.1
89.9
109.5
93.8
91.1
92.5
90.3
103.0
96.4
102.1
93.7
90.1
90.9
98.5
94.6
98.7
102.3
108.9
90.8
93.3
91.4

Goods

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
United States
Nonmetropolitan portion
Metropolitan Statistical Areas
Abilene, TX
Akron, OH
Albany, GA
Albany-Lebanon, OR
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
Albuquerque, NM
Alexandria, LA
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
Altoona, PA
Amarillo, TX
Ames, IA
Anchorage, AK
Ann Arbor, MI
Anniston-Oxford, AL
Appleton, WI
Asheville, NC
Athens-Clarke County, GA
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA
Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ
Auburn-Opelika, AL
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown, TX
Bakersfield, CA
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD
Bangor, ME
Barnstable Town, MA
Baton Rouge, LA
Battle Creek, MI
Bay City, MI
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX
Beckley, WV
Bellingham, WA
Bend, OR
Billings, MT
Binghamton, NY
Birmingham-Hoover, AL
Bismarck, ND
Blacksburg-Christiansburg, VA
Bloomington, IL
Bloomington, IN
Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA
Boise City, ID
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH
Boulder, CO
Bowling Green, KY
Bremerton-Silverdale-Port Orchard, WA
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
Brunswick, GA
Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY
Burlington, NC
Burlington-South Burlington, VT
California-Lexington Park, MD
Canton-Massillon, OH
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL
Cape Girardeau, MO-IL

2020
17,825,584
2,153,694

2021
18,412,541
2,214,227

8,684
37,335
6,721
5,481
52,271
42,756
7,617
45,500
6,273
13,510
5,692
22,525
21,973
4,850
13,140
23,144
9,716
329,227
13,568
7,388
28,862
133,336
35,989
161,714
6,721
16,179
44,833
5,976
4,993
18,538
5,304
10,880
10,995
10,254
11,066
60,442
7,878
6,810
9,171
7,513
4,116
38,758
341,401
24,397
7,387
14,699
95,022
15,181
5,565
60,640
7,675
12,124
6,484
19,909
41,740
4,552

9,294
38,084
6,549
5,835
53,378
45,161
7,607
47,852
6,430
14,043
5,921
21,859
22,084
5,119
13,223
23,744
9,677
340,249
14,326
7,721
28,746
145,709
36,280
165,420
6,924
16,598
45,813
6,129
4,916
18,030
5,119
11,030
11,724
10,480
11,542
62,937
7,942
6,990
9,326
7,724
4,277
40,822
357,940
25,301
7,758
15,584
100,334
15,738
5,642
60,275
8,110
12,476
6,777
20,147
43,037
4,641

Percent change
3.3
2.8
7.0
2.0
-2.6
6.5
2.1
5.6
-0.1
5.2
2.5
3.9
4.0
-3.0
0.5
5.6
0.6
2.6
-0.4
3.3
5.6
4.5
-0.4
9.3
0.8
2.3
3.0
2.6
2.2
2.6
-1.5
-2.7
-3.5
1.4
6.6
2.2
4.3
4.1
0.8
2.7
1.7
2.8
3.9
5.3
4.8
3.7
5.0
6.0
5.6
3.7
1.4
-0.6
5.7
2.9
4.5
1.2
3.1
1.9

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
2020
Carbondale-Marion, IL
Carson City, NV
Casper, WY
Cedar Rapids, IA
Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA
Champaign-Urbana, IL
Charleston, WV
Charleston-North Charleston, SC
Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC
Charlottesville, VA
Chattanooga, TN-GA
Cheyenne, WY
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI
Chico, CA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN
Clarksville, TN-KY
Cleveland, TN
Cleveland-Elyria, OH
Coeur d'Alene, ID
College Station-Bryan, TX
Colorado Springs, CO
Columbia, MO
Columbia, SC
Columbus, GA-AL
Columbus, IN
Columbus, OH
Corpus Christi, TX
Corvallis, OR
Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL
Cumberland, MD-WV
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
Dalton, GA
Danville, IL
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL
Dayton-Kettering, OH
Decatur, AL
Decatur, IL
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI
Dothan, AL
Dover, DE
Dubuque, IA
Duluth, MN-WI
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
East Stroudsburg, PA
Eau Claire, WI
El Centro, CA
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY
Elkhart-Goshen, IN
Elmira, NY
El Paso, TX
Enid, OK
Erie, PA
Eugene-Springfield, OR
Evansville, IN-KY
Fairbanks, AK

6,240
3,090
5,228
15,347
7,698
11,162
12,937
42,024
147,642
14,662
28,574
5,469
550,683
9,559
128,996
14,585
5,563
117,041
8,572
11,317
37,963
10,617
41,615
15,008
4,665
115,569
19,596
4,236
16,472
4,386
410,038
6,366
3,458
11,919
19,912
42,024
6,970
5,479
30,884
175,616
40,246
232,375
7,236
8,166
5,386
15,978
36,452
7,619
8,706
7,514
7,440
10,101
3,889
34,470
2,918
13,117
17,600
16,752
5,410

2021
6,484
3,288
5,306
15,379
7,861
11,441
12,608
43,257
150,651
14,859
29,445
5,531
563,880
9,649
131,269
14,957
5,730
118,509
9,057
11,870
40,169
11,076
41,557
15,130
4,759
117,660
20,369
4,436
16,995
4,282
432,875
6,102
3,539
12,332
20,371
42,417
7,343
5,602
32,573
184,776
41,369
240,410
7,535
8,408
5,535
15,271
37,489
7,977
8,973
7,776
7,786
11,247
3,977
35,784
3,003
13,364
18,235
17,102
5,216

Percent change
3.9
6.4
1.5
0.2
2.1
2.5
-2.5
2.9
2.0
1.3
3.0
1.1
2.4
0.9
1.8
2.5
3.0
1.3
5.7
4.9
5.8
4.3
-0.1
0.8
2.0
1.8
3.9
4.7
3.2
-2.4
5.6
-4.2
2.3
3.5
2.3
0.9
5.3
2.2
5.5
5.2
2.8
3.5
4.1
3.0
2.8
-4.4
2.8
4.7
3.1
3.5
4.7
11.3
2.2
3.8
2.9
1.9
3.6
2.1
-3.6

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
Fargo, ND-MN
Farmington, NM
Fayetteville, NC
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR
Flagstaff, AZ
Flint, MI
Florence, SC
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL
Fond du Lac, WI
Fort Collins, CO
Fort Smith, AR-OK
Fort Wayne, IN
Fresno, CA
Gadsden, AL
Gainesville, FL
Gainesville, GA
Gettysburg, PA
Glens Falls, NY
Goldsboro, NC
Grand Forks, ND-MN
Grand Island, NE
Grand Junction, CO
Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI
Grants Pass, OR
Great Falls, MT
Greeley, CO
Green Bay, WI
Greensboro-High Point, NC
Greenville, NC
Greenville-Anderson, SC
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV
Hammond, LA
Hanford-Corcoran, CA
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
Harrisonburg, VA
Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT
Hattiesburg, MS
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton, SC
Hinesville, GA
Homosassa Springs, FL
Hot Springs, AR
Houma-Thibodaux, LA
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH
Huntsville, AL
Idaho Falls, ID
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN
Iowa City, IA
Ithaca, NY
Jackson, MI
Jackson, MS
Jackson, TN
Jacksonville, FL
Jacksonville, NC
Janesville-Beloit, WI
Jefferson City, MO
Johnson City, TN

2020
14,158
4,777
21,976
35,406
7,298
18,888
9,715
6,843
5,477
19,835
10,611
21,308
43,361
4,373
15,616
9,708
5,115
6,359
5,608
5,635
3,708
7,232
56,887
4,105
4,458
16,078
17,836
37,455
8,683
44,494
17,594
13,668
6,164
5,700
32,015
5,870
70,659
7,549
16,910
13,090
3,128
6,547
4,602
9,525
394,333
16,533
26,884
8,174
124,515
9,509
4,552
6,928
29,247
8,740
83,253
9,821
7,936
7,394
9,471

2021
14,666
4,901
22,624
36,833
7,501
19,444
9,619
6,862
5,540
20,643
10,925
21,774
44,558
4,508
15,661
10,323
5,271
6,438
5,614
5,812
3,904
7,700
56,528
4,236
4,525
17,474
18,040
37,788
8,873
44,466
18,102
13,891
6,247
5,835
32,124
5,919
72,364
7,553
17,299
12,893
3,153
6,590
4,579
10,078
406,757
16,610
27,576
8,591
127,872
10,000
4,583
7,037
29,784
8,946
85,358
10,151
8,096
7,608
9,991

Percent change
3.6
2.6
2.9
4.0
2.8
2.9
-1.0
0.3
1.1
4.1
3.0
2.2
2.8
3.1
0.3
6.3
3.1
1.2
0.1
3.2
5.3
6.5
-0.6
3.2
1.5
8.7
1.1
0.9
2.2
-0.1
2.9
1.6
1.3
2.4
0.3
0.8
2.4
0.1
2.3
-1.5
0.8
0.7
-0.5
5.8
3.2
0.5
2.6
5.1
2.7
5.2
0.7
1.6
1.8
2.4
2.5
3.4
2.0
2.9
5.5

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
2020
Johnstown, PA
Jonesboro, AR
Joplin, MO
Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI
Kankakee, IL
Kansas City, MO-KS
Kennewick-Richland, WA
Killeen-Temple, TX
Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA
Kingston, NY
Knoxville, TN
Kokomo, IN
La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN
Lafayette, LA
Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN
Lake Charles, LA
Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL
Lancaster, PA
Lansing-East Lansing, MI
Laredo, TX
Las Cruces, NM
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV
Lawrence, KS
Lawton, OK
Lebanon, PA
Lewiston, ID-WA
Lewiston-Auburn, ME
Lexington-Fayette, KY
Lima, OH
Lincoln, NE
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR
Logan, UT-ID
Longview, TX
Longview, WA
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN
Lubbock, TX
Lynchburg, VA
Macon-Bibb County, GA
Madera, CA
Madison, WI
Manchester-Nashua, NH
Manhattan, KS
Mankato, MN
Mansfield, OH
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX
Medford, OR
Memphis, TN-MS-AR
Merced, CA
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL
Michigan City-La Porte, IN
Midland, MI
Midland, TX
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
Missoula, MT
Mobile, AL

6,375
5,877
7,733
7,192
13,603
5,111
121,131
13,462
21,005
14,584
9,193
46,342
3,775
7,726
23,662
9,763
10,414
8,521
28,912
29,615
24,740
9,797
9,480
112,573
5,632
6,074
7,129
3,336
4,649
27,558
4,875
17,467
37,427
6,292
12,823
4,986
735,841
69,974
14,694
11,954
10,835
6,590
41,542
24,460
6,455
5,206
5,516
27,963
10,358
69,447
11,304
333,776
4,992
4,966
18,057
90,993
219,969
6,602
19,095

2021
6,555
5,976
7,977
7,451
14,231
5,337
125,206
13,871
21,541
14,756
9,611
47,855
3,763
7,439
23,955
9,904
10,338
8,719
29,630
30,459
25,094
10,566
10,057
121,401
5,781
6,051
7,238
3,396
5,104
28,109
4,991
18,160
37,685
6,731
13,169
5,347
751,717
72,186
15,343
11,819
10,890
6,327
42,383
25,895
6,567
5,456
5,689
30,051
10,812
72,414
11,551
353,758
5,312
4,906
19,276
93,601
222,451
6,780
19,649

Percent change
2.8
1.7
3.2
3.6
4.6
4.4
3.4
3.0
2.6
1.2
4.5
3.3
-0.3
-3.7
1.2
1.4
-0.7
2.3
2.5
2.9
1.4
7.9
6.1
7.8
2.6
-0.4
1.5
1.8
9.8
2.0
2.4
4.0
0.7
7.0
2.7
7.2
2.2
3.2
4.4
-1.1
0.5
-4.0
2.0
5.9
1.7
4.8
3.1
7.5
4.4
4.3
2.2
6.0
6.4
-1.2
6.8
2.9
1.1
2.7
2.9

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
Modesto, CA
Monroe, LA
Monroe, MI
Montgomery, AL
Morgantown, WV
Morristown, TN
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA
Muncie, IN
Muskegon, MI
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC
Napa, CA
Naples-Marco Island, FL
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN
New Bern, NC
New Haven-Milford, CT
New Orleans-Metairie, LA
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA
Niles, MI
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL
Norwich-New London, CT
Ocala, FL
Ocean City, NJ
Odessa, TX
Ogden-Clearfield, UT
Oklahoma City, OK
Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL
Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
Owensboro, KY
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
Panama City, FL
Parkersburg-Vienna, WV
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL
Peoria, IL
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ
Pine Bluff, AR
Pittsburgh, PA
Pittsfield, MA
Pocatello, ID
Portland-South Portland, ME
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA
Port St. Lucie, FL
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA
Provo-Orem, UT
Pueblo, CO
Punta Gorda, FL
Racine, WI
Raleigh-Cary, NC
Rapid City, SD
Reading, PA
Redding, CA
Reno, NV
Richmond, VA
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA

2020
23,700
9,821
7,532
18,392
6,543
6,307
6,760
4,853
7,495
22,318
9,153
38,651
120,644
6,214
45,306
68,929
1,238,462
8,359
49,869
14,491
15,654
5,736
7,437
32,027
74,648
14,786
55,838
118,256
8,664
5,644
46,823
29,363
8,388
4,450
24,063
21,149
376,586
234,587
3,517
138,466
7,211
4,125
31,258
135,537
27,675
33,759
10,831
89,762
30,350
7,357
8,422
10,064
82,902
7,856
22,138
8,471
29,610
76,636
185,632

2021
24,410
9,647
7,823
18,650
6,397
6,537
7,245
4,939
7,770
22,991
9,561
38,693
128,079
6,255
47,876
71,153
1,275,291
8,607
52,149
14,903
16,102
6,327
7,769
34,271
77,118
15,249
57,865
124,340
8,887
6,006
48,024
30,013
8,673
4,447
24,588
21,314
394,530
252,474
3,536
141,153
7,574
4,255
32,580
141,497
29,561
34,544
10,976
92,827
31,965
7,602
9,078
10,549
85,607
8,219
22,436
8,745
31,701
77,290
192,882

Percent change
3.0
-1.8
3.9
1.4
-2.2
3.7
7.2
1.8
3.7
3.0
4.5
0.1
6.2
0.7
5.7
3.2
3.0
3.0
4.6
2.8
2.9
10.3
4.5
7.0
3.3
3.1
3.6
5.1
2.6
6.4
2.6
2.2
3.4
0.0
2.2
0.8
4.8
7.6
0.5
1.9
5.0
3.1
4.2
4.4
6.8
2.3
1.3
3.4
5.3
3.3
7.8
4.8
3.3
4.6
1.3
3.2
7.1
0.9
3.9

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
Roanoke, VA
Rochester, MN
Rochester, NY
Rockford, IL
Rocky Mount, NC
Rome, GA
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA
Saginaw, MI
St. Cloud, MN
St. George, UT
St. Joseph, MO-KS
St. Louis, MO-IL
Salem, OR
Salinas, CA
Salisbury, MD-DE
Salt Lake City, UT
San Angelo, TX
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA
Santa Fe, NM
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
Savannah, GA
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL
Sebring-Avon Park, FL
Sheboygan, WI
Sherman-Denison, TX
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA
Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ
Sioux City, IA-NE-SD
Sioux Falls, SD
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI
Spartanburg, SC
Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA
Springfield, IL
Springfield, MA
Springfield, MO
Springfield, OH
State College, PA
Staunton, VA
Stockton, CA
Sumter, SC
Syracuse, NY
Tallahassee, FL
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Terre Haute, IN
Texarkana, TX-AR
The Villages, FL
Toledo, OH
Topeka, KS
Trenton-Princeton, NJ
Tucson, AZ
Tulsa, OK

2020
15,882
12,543
56,215
15,832
6,925
4,275
125,672
8,937
10,357
7,746
5,444
162,916
18,760
21,883
21,954
66,796
6,568
120,218
175,280
396,169
191,423
14,559
16,839
9,441
25,057
29,015
19,970
27,536
265,036
13,569
4,050
6,315
6,409
20,534
5,992
8,343
18,168
16,180
15,875
26,385
10,925
36,744
22,177
6,167
7,651
6,237
34,587
6,420
34,119
18,233
153,013
8,038
6,372
7,799
33,032
11,797
24,088
50,339
56,688

2021
15,703
13,525
56,413
15,983
6,926
4,226
129,947
8,900
11,136
8,315
5,462
164,139
19,703
22,048
22,091
70,141
6,945
125,744
179,973
414,394
206,982
15,087
18,236
10,032
25,654
31,120
19,986
28,117
271,399
13,768
4,141
6,402
6,759
20,649
6,097
8,638
18,831
17,165
15,922
27,811
11,172
37,980
22,830
6,476
7,854
6,108
37,860
6,338
34,435
18,437
164,709
8,365
6,514
7,880
33,629
12,149
25,619
52,040
57,912

Percent change
-1.1
7.8
0.4
1.0
0.0
-1.1
3.4
-0.4
7.5
7.3
0.3
0.8
5.0
0.8
0.6
5.0
5.7
4.6
2.7
4.6
8.1
3.6
8.3
6.3
2.4
7.3
0.1
2.1
2.4
1.5
2.3
1.4
5.5
0.6
1.7
3.5
3.6
6.1
0.3
5.4
2.3
3.4
2.9
5.0
2.7
-2.1
9.5
-1.3
0.9
1.1
7.6
4.1
2.2
1.0
1.8
3.0
6.4
3.4
2.2

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 3. Real Personal Income, by Metropolitan Area, 2020–2021
Real personal income
(millions of constant (2012) dollars)
Tuscaloosa, AL
Twin Falls, ID
Tyler, TX
Urban Honolulu, HI
Utica-Rome, NY
Valdosta, GA
Vallejo, CA
Victoria, TX
Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
Visalia, CA
Waco, TX
Walla Walla, WA
Warner Robins, GA
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
Watertown-Fort Drum, NY
Wausau-Weston, WI
Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH
Wenatchee, WA
Wheeling, WV-OH
Wichita, KS
Wichita Falls, TX
Williamsport, PA
Wilmington, NC
Winchester, VA-WV
Winston-Salem, NC
Worcester, MA-CT
Yakima, WA
York-Hanover, PA
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA
Yuba City, CA
Yuma, AZ
Maximum
Minimum
Range
Note. Estimates may not add to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

2020
11,239
5,066
12,369
47,762
13,898
6,318
21,586
5,028
6,289
89,973
19,666
12,183
2,993
8,476
393,598
8,421
5,799
9,094
5,490
5,858
6,821
34,218
6,918
5,276
14,411
7,250
33,439
52,690
11,364
23,067
26,044
7,683
8,875
1,238,462
2,918
1,235,543

2021

Percent change

11,461
5,067
13,099
48,405
14,373
6,247
23,467
5,393
6,551
90,808
20,081
12,638
2,955
8,874
400,612
8,782
5,709
9,133
5,463
6,025
6,794
34,888
7,227
5,424
14,478
7,327
34,289
54,826
11,573
23,796
26,137
7,985
8,891

2.0
0.0
5.9
1.3
3.4
-1.1
8.7
7.3
4.2
0.9
2.1
3.7
-1.3
4.7
1.8
4.3
-1.5
0.4
-0.5
2.8
-0.4
2.0
4.5
2.8
0.5
1.1
2.5
4.1
1.8
3.2
0.4
3.9
0.2

1,275,291
2,955
1,272,336

11.3
-4.4
15.7

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
2

United States

Nonmetropolitan portion
Metropolitan Statistical Areas
Abilene, TX
Akron, OH
Albany, GA
Albany-Lebanon, OR
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
Albuquerque, NM
Alexandria, LA
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
Altoona, PA
Amarillo, TX
Ames, IA
Anchorage, AK
Ann Arbor, MI
Anniston-Oxford, AL
Appleton, WI
Asheville, NC
Athens-Clarke County, GA
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA
Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ
Auburn-Opelika, AL
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown, TX
Bakersfield, CA
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD
Bangor, ME
Barnstable Town, MA
Baton Rouge, LA
Battle Creek, MI
Bay City, MI
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX
Beckley, WV
Bellingham, WA
Bend, OR
Billings, MT
Binghamton, NY
Birmingham-Hoover, AL
Bismarck, ND
Blacksburg-Christiansburg, VA
Bloomington, IL
Bloomington, IN
Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA
Boise City, ID
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH
Boulder, CO
Bowling Green, KY
Bremerton-Silverdale-Port Orchard, WA
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
Brunswick, GA
Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY
Burlington, NC
Burlington-South Burlington, VT
California-Lexington Park, MD
Canton-Massillon, OH
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL
Cape Girardeau, MO-IL
Carbondale-Marion, IL
Carson City, NV

Services

Goods

Housing

Utilities

Other

Percent change from
previous year

All items

100.0
89.0

99.6
96.1

100.4
59.9

97.7
90.2

100.3
97.4

115.6
102.9

4.0
4.8

92.0
93.7
89.4
101.8
99.2
92.3
89.1
98.3
89.6
93.8
91.3
106.3
99.8
83.8
93.5
94.7
94.4
99.1
97.2
89.7
92.0
100.0
100.9
105.0
96.7
101.1
93.2
90.6
91.7
93.3
89.0
104.7
102.7
92.5
94.6
90.9
94.2
92.2
93.1
94.1
89.8
93.9
109.7
101.3
88.4
103.7
105.8
88.4
90.1
95.1
89.6
102.6
96.4
90.0
100.0
88.6
86.8
94.2

96.2
95.0
95.7
106.3
95.9
96.9
95.4
96.0
96.1
96.2
94.1
108.5
95.0
94.1
95.3
96.1
95.7
97.2
95.8
94.1
95.8
96.2
106.8
100.7
98.9
96.7
95.4
95.0
95.0
96.2
96.2
106.4
106.3
96.8
95.9
94.1
94.2
96.0
95.3
95.3
96.1
96.6
109.4
96.5
94.1
106.4
97.0
96.2
95.7
95.9
96.1
97.9
96.0
95.0
95.7
94.2
95.3
97.0

71.0
80.3
56.6
101.4
100.1
84.4
56.8
96.2
55.8
77.1
72.3
113.0
121.7
50.0
75.4
81.8
79.6
105.6
90.7
70.8
68.0
122.5
92.2
120.9
77.6
107.9
75.4
62.1
67.6
74.2
55.4
121.3
106.7
84.8
74.1
72.1
92.2
72.7
74.0
83.1
53.6
97.3
146.8
166.3
62.1
115.9
157.8
55.7
64.0
76.1
62.5
119.0
88.2
60.8
111.7
59.8
51.1
98.8

84.9
91.9
89.9
97.3
132.9
81.0
80.2
108.1
109.3
86.7
98.2
112.7
105.0
89.2
96.5
84.4
90.6
99.8
109.5
85.8
91.4
85.5
144.5
102.4
127.5
148.6
80.5
101.1
101.7
85.6
84.9
92.4
97.3
74.5
132.6
86.0
87.1
86.1
92.2
92.8
108.9
68.1
156.5
78.5
80.2
89.7
146.6
84.6
88.5
129.1
86.0
129.5
93.7
91.7
84.7
91.8
93.5
75.6

98.6
97.4
99.5
99.0
100.1
92.1
99.3
100.1
100.2
98.6
95.2
103.2
97.9
96.0
97.6
99.7
99.5
98.7
100.0
96.0
99.6
98.6
98.8
103.3
101.5
99.7
99.3
97.9
97.9
98.6
100.1
99.0
99.0
92.9
100.1
96.0
95.2
99.6
97.9
97.7
100.2
92.1
101.2
91.7
96.2
99.0
100.6
98.6
99.5
100.1
99.7
100.1
99.5
97.4
99.8
95.4
97.9
91.6

106.4
108.4
103.3
117.7
114.6
106.7
103.0
113.7
103.6
108.4
105.5
122.9
115.3
96.9
108.1
109.5
109.2
114.6
112.4
103.7
106.3
115.7
116.7
121.4
111.8
116.9
107.7
104.7
106.0
107.9
102.9
121.1
118.8
107.0
109.4
105.0
109.0
106.6
107.6
108.8
103.8
108.5
126.8
117.1
102.3
119.9
122.3
102.2
104.2
110.0
103.6
118.7
111.5
104.1
115.6
102.4
100.3
108.9

5.8
4.1
11.0
3.1
3.9
2.1
6.6
2.3
3.6
3.2
2.1
7.6
5.1
1.9
5.4
5.7
8.8
4.5
0.2
4.7
6.6
2.9
4.4
3.8
3.5
4.0
4.1
3.8
7.3
7.5
10.8
5.1
2.2
4.7
1.2
3.0
5.3
5.4
4.2
4.7
1.9
4.3
1.3
3.5
3.0
2.2
1.5
7.8
5.4
4.7
3.7
1.9
2.2
5.2
6.0
3.6
2.9
3.4

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
Casper, WY
Cedar Rapids, IA
Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA
Champaign-Urbana, IL
Charleston, WV
Charleston-North Charleston, SC
Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC
Charlottesville, VA
Chattanooga, TN-GA
Cheyenne, WY
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI
Chico, CA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN
Clarksville, TN-KY
Cleveland, TN
Cleveland-Elyria, OH
Coeur d'Alene, ID
College Station-Bryan, TX
Colorado Springs, CO
Columbia, MO
Columbia, SC
Columbus, GA-AL
Columbus, IN
Columbus, OH
Corpus Christi, TX
Corvallis, OR
Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL
Cumberland, MD-WV
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
Dalton, GA
Danville, IL
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL
Dayton-Kettering, OH
Decatur, AL
Decatur, IL
Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI
Dothan, AL
Dover, DE
Dubuque, IA
Duluth, MN-WI
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
East Stroudsburg, PA
Eau Claire, WI
El Centro, CA
Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY
Elkhart-Goshen, IN
Elmira, NY
El Paso, TX
Enid, OK
Erie, PA
Eugene-Springfield, OR
Evansville, IN-KY
Fairbanks, AK
Fargo, ND-MN
Farmington, NM
Fayetteville, NC
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR

91.3
91.8
95.2
93.5
90.7
99.1
96.6
100.3
90.2
92.9
105.4
102.5
94.3
90.6
88.0
94.2
93.8
95.1
96.8
89.5
93.3
89.0
92.0
95.0
94.8
101.8
96.9
91.2
103.9
90.8
88.3
92.1
91.4
92.5
86.3
89.8
97.8
109.2
93.3
96.1
86.2
95.9
87.9
88.8
96.0
97.9
91.9
95.7
87.4
87.9
94.9
93.1
87.5
92.2
100.6
90.3
103.9
92.6
89.5
91.7
93.3

Goods
96.5
94.1
96.1
95.3
96.2
96.0
96.1
96.0
94.1
96.5
106.6
106.8
95.0
94.3
94.4
95.0
96.6
96.2
96.5
94.2
96.0
95.7
95.3
95.0
96.2
106.3
95.7
96.1
102.7
95.7
95.3
94.1
94.1
95.0
94.1
95.3
95.7
106.6
94.1
94.5
94.1
95.8
94.1
94.4
96.1
96.1
95.3
106.8
94.1
95.3
95.9
96.2
95.8
96.1
106.3
95.3
108.5
94.2
96.9
96.1
95.8

Services
Housing
75.8
77.6
76.1
77.1
58.8
106.0
90.6
114.5
73.4
86.6
113.4
102.3
83.1
74.9
62.2
82.8
96.4
85.5
119.7
64.4
74.8
57.7
70.2
87.4
84.8
101.4
93.3
65.6
114.2
62.6
54.6
80.5
72.0
73.3
49.8
60.6
99.2
146.2
85.0
90.3
52.4
83.4
59.4
68.2
86.6
93.9
70.8
67.0
58.6
59.4
77.0
76.0
51.3
63.7
95.1
60.8
95.9
78.6
72.2
69.1
75.5

Utilities
75.7
99.3
107.5
93.2
84.9
89.6
86.1
87.7
77.9
76.3
82.9
145.4
91.4
76.9
75.8
92.1
68.7
86.2
79.6
91.9
90.2
91.0
92.6
92.0
84.2
97.3
86.6
90.5
84.8
90.6
92.3
84.9
101.3
92.1
86.9
93.0
85.0
93.1
100.4
101.4
86.2
91.8
96.5
94.7
85.2
104.0
96.7
140.2
79.0
92.1
130.7
86.1
79.6
108.9
94.2
93.0
117.4
90.4
81.8
83.2
83.2

Other
93.8
95.2
100.2
97.9
100.1
99.9
99.7
99.6
94.9
93.8
103.8
98.8
97.6
95.1
94.8
97.4
92.1
98.6
91.7
95.4
99.9
99.5
97.7
97.4
98.6
99.0
99.8
99.8
103.1
99.5
97.9
96.0
95.5
97.4
96.0
97.9
99.8
102.1
95.2
98.8
96.0
100.3
95.2
95.1
99.7
100.2
97.6
98.8
96.2
97.7
100.1
98.6
98.2
100.2
99.0
97.8
103.2
95.2
92.1
99.7
97.5

Percent change from
previous year

All items
105.6
106.2
110.0
108.1
104.9
114.6
111.7
115.9
104.3
107.4
121.9
118.5
109.1
104.7
101.8
108.9
108.4
110.0
112.0
103.5
107.9
102.9
106.4
109.9
109.6
117.7
112.0
105.5
120.1
104.9
102.1
106.5
105.6
107.0
99.7
103.8
113.1
126.2
107.9
111.1
99.7
110.9
101.7
102.7
111.0
113.1
106.3
110.6
101.1
101.6
109.8
107.7
101.2
106.6
116.3
104.4
120.2
107.0
103.4
106.0
107.9

2.0
5.1
4.8
5.4
8.7
5.1
6.6
6.1
4.2
5.7
4.8
4.5
4.4
6.1
5.6
4.6
4.9
4.0
2.1
2.1
7.9
7.4
4.6
4.5
3.8
3.1
6.2
7.6
3.5
12.0
5.9
5.6
3.7
4.7
3.1
5.5
5.2
3.7
3.6
1.6
3.8
6.3
2.4
12.1
5.8
3.2
3.8
2.5
3.5
0.2
3.2
4.4
4.7
3.1
3.9
4.8
9.9
4.0
4.4
7.3
4.6

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
Flagstaff, AZ
Flint, MI
Florence, SC
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL
Fond du Lac, WI
Fort Collins, CO
Fort Smith, AR-OK
Fort Wayne, IN
Fresno, CA
Gadsden, AL
Gainesville, FL
Gainesville, GA
Gettysburg, PA
Glens Falls, NY
Goldsboro, NC
Grand Forks, ND-MN
Grand Island, NE
Grand Junction, CO
Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI
Grants Pass, OR
Great Falls, MT
Greeley, CO
Green Bay, WI
Greensboro-High Point, NC
Greenville, NC
Greenville-Anderson, SC
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS
Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV
Hammond, LA
Hanford-Corcoran, CA
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
Harrisonburg, VA
Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT
Hattiesburg, MS
Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton, SC
Hinesville, GA
Homosassa Springs, FL
Hot Springs, AR
Houma-Thibodaux, LA
Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH
Huntsville, AL
Idaho Falls, ID
Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN
Iowa City, IA
Ithaca, NY
Jackson, MI
Jackson, MS
Jackson, TN
Jacksonville, FL
Jacksonville, NC
Janesville-Beloit, WI
Jefferson City, MO
Johnson City, TN
Johnstown, PA
Jonesboro, AR
Joplin, MO
Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI
Kalamazoo-Portage, MI
Kankakee, IL

95.6
89.2
90.6
85.5
92.2
98.0
88.0
92.1
101.6
84.6
95.9
94.0
95.6
95.7
90.1
90.1
88.9
92.5
96.7
98.6
87.2
95.5
92.4
92.8
89.6
93.5
89.2
95.3
88.5
98.6
97.5
94.1
101.7
88.6
89.3
99.1
93.6
93.8
89.2
88.1
99.7
88.5
91.5
90.6
95.0
92.8
102.4
93.8
89.0
85.5
98.7
89.7
93.1
88.2
87.3
86.6
87.3
88.0
112.0
93.2
92.2

Goods
96.7
95.0
96.0
94.1
95.3
96.5
95.8
95.3
106.8
94.1
95.7
95.7
96.1
95.9
96.1
94.2
94.3
96.5
95.0
106.3
96.8
96.5
95.3
96.1
96.1
96.0
94.5
96.1
95.4
106.8
96.1
96.0
97.0
94.5
96.1
96.0
95.7
95.7
95.8
95.4
98.4
96.1
94.1
96.6
95.3
94.1
95.9
95.0
94.5
94.4
95.7
96.1
95.3
94.2
94.4
96.1
95.8
94.2
110.6
95.0
95.3

Services
Housing
103.9
57.9
61.0
49.9
70.1
128.6
53.0
70.7
95.2
50.9
86.9
78.3
78.3
81.4
60.5
68.2
61.6
89.0
96.3
86.7
55.5
108.7
72.3
71.0
59.5
73.7
68.4
82.0
53.8
78.4
90.3
78.0
112.9
61.9
56.0
104.6
75.7
78.3
60.6
53.1
105.8
53.9
73.0
76.8
86.2
82.3
124.2
77.3
65.3
53.7
105.2
61.7
76.4
58.8
59.9
43.8
53.3
57.5
130.3
76.2
71.5

Utilities
83.3
103.9
90.5
88.3
95.8
78.4
82.1
92.1
144.0
87.5
86.3
91.4
106.2
133.5
83.5
90.2
84.9
79.8
98.8
93.3
74.0
78.4
95.8
85.2
82.8
91.1
78.5
88.6
80.8
142.9
110.0
86.7
146.2
79.9
83.4
89.7
88.7
85.4
82.2
80.8
88.9
84.9
86.4
68.5
92.0
99.6
133.5
106.3
80.3
76.8
85.5
83.1
95.6
90.2
75.4
112.5
83.0
90.3
189.6
102.8
92.0

Other
92.2
97.9
99.9
96.0
97.6
91.7
97.6
97.7
98.8
96.0
99.8
99.5
100.2
100.1
99.7
95.1
95.8
91.7
97.9
99.0
92.9
91.7
97.6
99.7
99.7
99.9
94.7
99.8
99.3
98.8
100.2
99.6
100.6
94.7
99.7
99.9
99.5
99.8
97.5
99.3
99.7
99.5
96.0
92.1
97.7
95.2
100.1
97.9
94.7
94.8
99.8
99.7
97.6
95.4
94.8
100.2
97.5
95.4
104.4
97.9
97.9

Percent change from
previous year

All items
110.5
103.1
104.8
98.9
106.6
113.3
101.8
106.5
117.4
97.8
110.9
108.7
110.6
110.6
104.2
104.2
102.8
106.9
111.8
114.0
100.8
110.5
106.8
107.3
103.6
108.1
103.1
110.1
102.3
114.0
112.8
108.8
117.6
102.4
103.2
114.6
108.2
108.5
103.1
101.9
115.3
102.4
105.8
104.8
109.9
107.3
118.3
108.5
102.9
98.8
114.2
103.7
107.6
102.0
100.9
100.1
100.9
101.7
129.5
107.8
106.6

2.5
3.1
9.1
7.6
5.2
3.4
5.3
6.4
4.1
3.5
7.5
3.5
2.8
4.4
9.4
2.5
2.6
1.0
6.3
7.9
5.0
2.0
4.4
7.9
6.5
7.5
3.8
6.4
6.3
2.4
5.3
8.2
2.0
7.9
6.5
10.0
8.5
8.4
6.2
-0.3
3.8
6.1
5.1
3.7
5.4
1.0
4.9
5.8
3.8
6.2
6.5
5.5
5.8
3.0
2.6
2.6
6.1
3.8
5.1
1.6
5.8

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
Kansas City, MO-KS
Kennewick-Richland, WA
Killeen-Temple, TX
Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA
Kingston, NY
Knoxville, TN
Kokomo, IN
La Crosse-Onalaska, WI-MN
Lafayette, LA
Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN
Lake Charles, LA
Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL
Lancaster, PA
Lansing-East Lansing, MI
Laredo, TX
Las Cruces, NM
Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV
Lawrence, KS
Lawton, OK
Lebanon, PA
Lewiston, ID-WA
Lewiston-Auburn, ME
Lexington-Fayette, KY
Lima, OH
Lincoln, NE
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR
Logan, UT-ID
Longview, TX
Longview, WA
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN
Lubbock, TX
Lynchburg, VA
Macon-Bibb County, GA
Madera, CA
Madison, WI
Manchester-Nashua, NH
Manhattan, KS
Mankato, MN
Mansfield, OH
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX
Medford, OR
Memphis, TN-MS-AR
Merced, CA
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL
Michigan City-La Porte, IN
Midland, MI
Midland, TX
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
Missoula, MT
Mobile, AL
Modesto, CA
Monroe, LA
Monroe, MI
Montgomery, AL
Morgantown, WV
Morristown, TN
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA
Muncie, IN

93.7
100.5
93.6
85.9
100.1
90.4
90.8
94.9
90.7
92.5
90.2
89.6
96.2
97.1
94.1
89.9
86.1
95.5
92.7
87.5
96.1
87.2
94.0
92.0
89.0
93.1
92.0
92.0
92.7
98.8
113.8
91.8
93.9
91.3
87.4
100.1
96.7
102.2
90.6
88.3
88.6
87.8
102.1
90.6
100.3
109.9
90.9
91.7
97.9
95.6
103.6
94.7
87.8
103.0
86.4
92.2
88.6
95.6
84.6
100.4
89.1

Goods
94.1
106.4
96.2
94.6
95.9
94.4
95.3
95.3
95.4
95.3
95.4
96.7
95.7
96.1
95.0
96.2
96.9
97.0
94.0
95.8
96.1
96.9
98.9
94.1
95.0
94.3
95.8
96.5
96.2
106.4
108.8
94.0
96.2
96.0
95.7
106.8
95.3
98.1
94.0
94.4
95.0
96.2
106.3
94.4
106.8
105.3
95.3
95.0
96.2
95.3
103.6
96.8
94.1
106.8
95.4
95.0
94.1
96.2
94.4
106.4
95.3

Services
Housing
84.9
95.7
77.3
54.7
107.2
73.4
66.2
86.9
63.1
75.3
62.3
73.3
89.7
87.9
79.7
60.5
58.0
107.6
78.3
52.4
82.4
68.0
61.3
77.8
55.9
83.0
70.3
84.5
73.1
86.7
181.2
77.5
78.5
66.3
54.4
87.1
97.5
115.0
67.8
60.0
55.3
56.2
103.9
74.6
88.4
143.9
65.7
67.6
103.0
89.8
114.7
98.4
61.4
105.0
48.7
71.1
64.8
81.2
56.0
95.8
60.4

Utilities
97.1
89.3
84.5
77.8
132.1
75.4
91.8
95.5
80.3
91.9
80.5
82.2
84.9
108.2
101.8
84.3
82.9
76.6
105.5
79.3
110.6
70.0
128.1
78.9
92.0
87.6
82.9
71.2
85.6
94.6
131.2
78.5
86.1
86.7
91.5
144.6
96.0
138.4
100.6
97.8
91.6
84.5
93.3
78.0
145.9
96.8
92.7
101.7
86.0
97.2
89.9
76.0
86.9
140.1
80.9
100.8
86.0
85.0
76.6
90.8
92.5

Other
95.8
99.0
98.6
95.7
100.1
94.8
97.7
97.6
99.3
97.7
99.3
92.2
99.8
100.2
97.9
98.6
92.1
91.6
96.4
98.2
100.2
92.0
101.5
96.2
97.4
95.8
97.5
92.6
98.6
99.0
102.5
96.0
98.6
99.6
99.5
98.8
97.6
101.0
96.4
95.0
97.4
98.6
99.0
94.8
98.8
103.8
97.7
97.9
98.6
97.6
101.2
92.9
96.0
98.8
99.3
97.9
96.0
100.1
94.8
99.0
97.7

Percent change from
previous year

All items
108.3
116.2
108.2
99.3
115.7
104.5
105.0
109.7
104.9
107.0
104.3
103.6
111.2
112.3
108.8
104.0
99.6
110.5
107.2
101.1
111.1
100.8
108.7
106.4
103.0
107.6
106.3
106.4
107.2
114.2
131.6
106.2
108.6
105.5
101.1
115.7
111.8
118.1
104.7
102.1
102.4
101.5
118.1
104.8
116.0
127.1
105.1
106.0
113.1
110.5
119.8
109.5
101.5
119.1
99.9
106.6
102.4
110.5
97.8
116.1
103.1

2.5
4.6
5.8
7.1
2.2
5.1
6.7
10.5
4.9
5.8
3.0
6.1
7.2
3.0
4.5
1.9
2.8
1.7
2.7
6.2
5.1
5.4
-1.8
4.5
3.6
2.0
5.4
5.1
4.3
2.5
4.2
4.0
3.2
7.8
6.8
10.1
4.8
1.4
2.7
0.9
3.5
3.4
4.1
4.2
5.4
4.0
2.8
7.3
6.2
3.8
5.0
5.2
5.1
3.5
8.5
2.4
5.4
8.3
4.9
2.0
6.2

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
Muskegon, MI
Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC
Napa, CA
Naples-Marco Island, FL
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN
New Bern, NC
New Haven-Milford, CT
New Orleans-Metairie, LA
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA
Niles, MI
North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL
Norwich-New London, CT
Ocala, FL
Ocean City, NJ
Odessa, TX
Ogden-Clearfield, UT
Oklahoma City, OK
Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL
Oshkosh-Neenah, WI
Owensboro, KY
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
Panama City, FL
Parkersburg-Vienna, WV
Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL
Peoria, IL
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ
Pine Bluff, AR
Pittsburgh, PA
Pittsfield, MA
Pocatello, ID
Portland-South Portland, ME
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA
Port St. Lucie, FL
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
Prescott Valley-Prescott, AZ
Providence-Warwick, RI-MA
Provo-Orem, UT
Pueblo, CO
Punta Gorda, FL
Racine, WI
Raleigh-Cary, NC
Rapid City, SD
Reading, PA
Redding, CA
Reno, NV
Richmond, VA
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA
Roanoke, VA
Rochester, MN
Rochester, NY
Rockford, IL
Rocky Mount, NC
Rome, GA
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA
Saginaw, MI
St. Cloud, MN
St. George, UT

92.1
94.8
112.1
102.2
95.5
91.2
101.3
94.4
114.6
92.1
99.3
100.0
94.0
94.5
96.5
93.6
92.8
103.6
93.6
99.8
92.6
87.4
111.4
99.0
96.8
89.5
95.8
90.5
99.2
99.2
87.9
95.2
95.9
88.8
101.7
105.4
98.5
110.1
94.0
101.2
95.8
90.9
96.3
92.2
97.6
91.9
96.3
99.4
97.4
97.9
105.5
93.8
91.9
97.7
93.4
87.8
90.9
106.3
91.1
87.5
94.2

Goods
95.0
96.1
106.8
95.7
94.4
96.1
97.0
95.4
104.4
95.0
95.7
97.0
95.7
95.8
96.2
96.5
95.8
106.4
94.3
95.7
95.3
94.1
106.8
95.7
95.7
96.2
95.7
95.3
94.2
94.8
95.8
96.1
96.7
96.6
98.9
106.3
95.7
104.5
96.7
97.6
96.5
96.5
95.7
95.3
96.1
93.9
96.1
106.8
97.0
96.0
100.4
96.0
94.4
95.9
95.3
96.1
95.7
106.8
95.0
94.4
96.5

Services
Housing
71.7
84.4
186.3
125.8
105.0
66.9
108.6
82.1
159.8
70.8
107.8
99.7
77.4
83.0
94.1
92.8
75.2
115.3
86.5
112.6
71.8
53.2
188.0
106.0
93.1
52.2
86.6
61.7
114.7
116.1
51.9
75.8
79.5
70.9
107.4
127.9
102.8
116.8
94.7
105.6
110.0
81.6
90.9
70.0
97.0
76.5
83.1
82.0
122.6
99.5
129.4
78.3
76.5
90.6
77.2
51.5
62.2
132.5
66.8
58.3
96.4

Utilities
98.2
87.6
143.5
85.0
75.7
83.8
146.1
80.6
130.0
102.9
85.4
147.9
86.1
111.7
86.0
71.7
79.6
89.5
86.5
85.4
96.3
80.5
137.2
85.5
86.4
84.9
86.8
92.7
101.0
89.7
83.0
110.4
146.7
68.0
126.9
97.4
85.4
137.1
85.8
146.2
71.7
78.9
84.4
96.3
84.8
93.8
110.5
146.4
75.1
87.1
151.3
87.7
94.3
132.2
91.8
85.3
91.9
139.6
101.9
97.5
72.1

Other
97.9
99.9
98.8
99.8
94.8
99.7
100.6
99.3
110.8
97.9
99.8
100.6
99.8
100.0
98.6
92.7
98.2
99.0
95.8
99.8
97.6
96.2
98.8
99.8
99.8
100.1
99.8
97.9
98.8
98.4
97.5
100.2
99.7
92.1
101.5
99.0
99.8
111.1
92.2
100.8
92.7
91.7
99.8
97.6
99.7
95.5
100.2
98.8
91.6
99.6
100.8
99.6
95.0
100.1
97.9
99.7
99.5
98.8
97.9
95.0
92.7

Percent change from
previous year

All items
106.5
109.6
129.6
118.1
110.5
105.5
117.1
109.2
132.5
106.5
114.8
115.7
108.6
109.3
111.6
108.3
107.2
119.8
108.3
115.4
107.0
101.0
128.8
114.4
111.9
103.4
110.8
104.6
114.7
114.7
101.6
110.0
110.9
102.7
117.6
121.8
113.9
127.3
108.7
117.0
110.8
105.1
111.3
106.6
112.8
106.2
111.4
114.9
112.6
113.2
122.0
108.4
106.3
112.9
108.0
101.5
105.1
122.9
105.4
101.1
108.9

2.4
6.3
3.9
7.3
3.4
7.5
1.8
2.6
3.3
6.0
3.7
1.7
7.0
-3.9
1.2
2.2
3.9
5.5
2.9
5.4
4.0
2.2
3.8
6.3
6.4
8.0
6.7
4.5
1.1
0.3
8.5
3.2
0.5
3.9
3.2
3.4
3.9
4.6
4.8
3.5
5.2
5.1
1.3
2.1
6.3
2.1
4.1
3.5
2.9
6.2
5.0
8.1
-1.3
4.1
5.7
8.8
9.7
3.2
6.5
-0.3
2.2

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
St. Joseph, MO-KS
St. Louis, MO-IL
Salem, OR
Salinas, CA
Salisbury, MD-DE
Salt Lake City, UT
San Angelo, TX
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA
Santa Fe, NM
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
Savannah, GA
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL
Sebring-Avon Park, FL
Sheboygan, WI
Sherman-Denison, TX
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA
Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ
Sioux City, IA-NE-SD
Sioux Falls, SD
South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI
Spartanburg, SC
Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA
Springfield, IL
Springfield, MA
Springfield, MO
Springfield, OH
State College, PA
Staunton, VA
Stockton, CA
Sumter, SC
Syracuse, NY
Tallahassee, FL
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Terre Haute, IN
Texarkana, TX-AR
The Villages, FL
Toledo, OH
Topeka, KS
Trenton-Princeton, NJ
Tucson, AZ
Tulsa, OK
Tuscaloosa, AL
Twin Falls, ID
Tyler, TX
Urban Honolulu, HI
Utica-Rome, NY
Valdosta, GA
Vallejo, CA
Victoria, TX
Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
Visalia, CA
Waco, TX

88.9
96.2
101.8
109.3
94.0
96.2
92.1
96.4
115.1
119.8
111.6
108.6
109.1
93.4
111.8
109.8
95.4
93.4
114.6
98.2
90.0
93.3
93.2
90.3
88.1
90.0
93.0
91.9
92.7
98.7
91.9
97.8
89.1
87.2
95.8
92.9
104.6
86.6
96.5
95.0
99.0
87.4
88.4
96.1
90.5
89.2
101.9
92.9
92.0
88.1
90.0
94.8
114.7
92.8
88.3
109.4
92.1
96.8
97.8
99.0
94.7

Goods
94.2
105.3
106.3
106.8
95.9
96.5
96.2
96.2
107.4
113.4
106.8
106.8
106.8
96.9
106.8
106.8
95.7
96.1
114.9
95.7
95.7
95.3
96.2
95.4
96.7
94.1
93.9
95.3
96.0
106.4
95.3
96.7
94.2
95.0
96.1
96.0
106.8
96.0
95.9
95.7
96.1
95.3
96.0
95.7
95.0
94.0
95.8
96.7
95.8
94.1
96.6
96.2
110.6
95.9
95.7
106.8
96.2
95.8
96.0
106.8
96.2

Services
Housing
60.9
80.2
101.9
159.1
80.0
112.6
71.7
92.6
189.7
213.2
241.1
146.5
168.1
91.9
186.7
170.2
86.6
68.4
152.9
100.3
62.3
77.0
74.1
64.5
64.5
64.9
79.5
69.6
69.3
86.9
67.3
87.9
63.0
48.9
81.4
72.8
117.8
50.0
83.4
80.6
111.5
54.8
58.5
88.9
64.6
62.0
126.6
88.7
71.3
59.1
75.4
82.3
155.5
65.7
58.6
158.3
69.8
89.2
99.1
81.3
82.9

Utilities
95.2
92.4
96.0
140.0
92.1
71.6
85.2
84.7
166.6
167.5
140.1
136.8
138.3
80.9
136.0
140.6
89.1
110.1
94.5
85.6
85.3
94.1
85.9
81.2
84.7
96.6
93.6
92.8
90.8
89.8
92.4
148.3
90.4
91.8
109.7
87.9
142.2
91.0
132.4
86.1
95.9
92.8
85.0
86.1
92.0
102.2
115.5
82.4
79.6
86.2
68.8
85.6
180.9
132.2
88.6
140.0
86.0
108.7
86.9
143.1
84.5

Other
95.4
95.5
99.0
98.8
100.0
92.7
98.6
98.6
103.6
108.2
98.8
98.8
98.8
92.1
98.8
98.8
99.5
100.2
106.1
99.8
99.8
97.6
98.6
99.3
92.2
95.4
95.5
97.8
99.9
99.0
97.9
99.7
95.4
97.4
100.2
99.6
98.8
99.9
100.1
99.8
97.5
97.7
98.2
99.8
97.4
96.4
100.0
92.2
98.2
96.0
92.1
98.6
104.4
100.1
99.5
98.8
98.6
100.0
99.6
98.8
98.6

Percent change from
previous year

All items
102.7
111.3
117.7
126.3
108.6
111.3
106.4
111.4
133.1
138.6
129.1
125.5
126.1
108.0
129.3
127.0
110.3
108.0
132.5
113.5
104.1
107.9
107.7
104.4
101.9
104.1
107.6
106.2
107.1
114.1
106.2
113.1
103.0
100.8
110.7
107.4
120.9
100.1
111.6
109.8
114.4
101.0
102.2
111.1
104.7
103.2
117.8
107.4
106.4
101.9
104.1
109.6
132.7
107.3
102.1
126.5
106.5
112.0
113.1
114.4
109.5

5.3
5.1
4.8
2.8
7.8
2.9
0.8
3.5
4.0
4.6
2.1
1.3
1.4
0.8
3.7
2.2
7.4
4.1
5.5
7.2
5.9
4.1
4.8
6.2
3.4
4.0
3.7
4.2
8.0
3.9
4.9
1.7
4.7
1.4
1.4
10.2
3.1
10.4
4.3
8.3
1.8
4.2
4.7
8.3
3.7
3.0
1.5
2.8
4.2
5.5
6.6
3.3
3.6
2.9
8.2
2.7
0.4
4.0
6.4
3.9
5.1

THURSDAY, December 15, 2022

Table 4. Regional Price Parities and Implicit Regional Price Deflators, by Metropolitan Area, 2021
Implicit regional price
deflators1

Regional price parities
All items
Walla Walla, WA
Warner Robins, GA
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA
Watertown-Fort Drum, NY
Wausau-Weston, WI
Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH
Wenatchee, WA
Wheeling, WV-OH
Wichita, KS
Wichita Falls, TX
Williamsport, PA
Wilmington, NC
Winchester, VA-WV
Winston-Salem, NC
Worcester, MA-CT
Yakima, WA
York-Hanover, PA
Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA
Yuba City, CA
Yuma, AZ

99.2
92.0
111.3
88.9
94.0
90.0
89.2
103.1
89.3
90.8
91.1
91.8
97.6
97.3
91.7
100.0
97.7
96.9
87.4
101.5
89.5

Goods
106.4
95.7
108.8
94.1
95.9
95.3
96.3
106.4
96.3
94.0
96.2
96.1
96.1
96.0
96.1
96.8
106.4
96.1
95.1
106.8
96.7

Services
Housing
87.7
67.9
160.7
65.1
73.2
62.1
51.9
110.3
51.8
69.9
64.6
60.9
97.9
94.7
66.3
102.8
84.3
85.9
53.4
95.1
72.2

Utilities
91.0
89.3
107.8
98.8
130.9
94.8
86.6
94.2
86.3
100.5
85.7
108.7
82.8
87.0
84.4
149.1
90.3
107.6
93.1
144.5
80.8

Other

Percent change from
previous year

All items

99.0
99.5
102.7
95.2
100.1
97.6
99.8
99.0
99.9
96.4
98.6
100.2
99.7
99.7
99.7
99.8
99.0
100.2
97.5
98.8
92.2

114.7
106.4
128.7
102.8
108.6
104.0
103.1
119.2
103.2
105.0
105.4
106.1
112.8
112.5
106.0
115.6
113.0
112.0
101.1
117.4
103.5

8.2
4.0
3.9
2.0
7.3
4.9
7.0
4.6
6.8
2.7
2.3
1.8
7.7
7.2
6.5
2.8
5.4
2.9
5.6
3.3
4.8

Maximum
119.8
114.9
241.1
189.6
111.1
Minimum
83.8
93.9
43.8
68.0
91.6
Range
36.0
21.0
197.3
121.6
19.6
1. The implicit price deflator for the United States is equal to the national personal consumption expenditures price index, with a base of 2012.
2. The U.S. all items regional price parities is the average price level across all metropolitan areas and the U.S. nonmetropolitan portion.
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

138.6
96.9
41.6

12.1
-3.9
16.0