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February 28, 2019

2018Q4 (Initial Estimate) Comparisons -- Percent Change From Preceding Period in
Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures
[Percent] Seasonally adjusted at annual rates

Gross domestic product (GDP)
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product
Gross domestic purchases
Final sales to domestic purchasers
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
Gross domestic income (GDI)
Average of GDP and GDI
Gross national product (GNP)
Disposable personal income
Current-dollar measures:
GDP
Final sales of domestic product
Gross domestic purchases
Final sales to domestic purchasers
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
GDI
Average of GDP and GDI
GNP
Disposable personal income
Chain-type price measures:
Gross domestic purchases
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy
GDP
GDP excluding food and energy
GDP implicit price deflator
PCE
PCE excluding food and energy
Market-based PCE
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

2018:Q4
% change
2.6
2.8
3.9
5.9
2.8
2.4
4.6
3.9
6.2
-4.2
6.7
13.1
-3.5
............................
............................
1.6
1.6
1.4
2.7
1.6
7.5
0.4
1.6
6.9
-5.6
-0.3

Last period with
Last period with
Last period with
equal value
larger value
smaller value
2005Q4
2.6 2018Q3
3.4 2018Q1
2.2
2010Q3
2.8 2018Q3
3.5 2018Q1
0.5
2005Q3
3.9 2018Q3
4.3 2018Q1
-0.6
2006Q3
5.9 2018Q2
8.6 2018Q3
3.7
1997Q4
2.8 2018Q3
4.6 2018Q1
0.1
2016Q3
2.4 2018Q3
3.2 2018Q1
1.0
2013Q2
4.6 2018Q3
15.2 2018Q2
-0.5
................ ................ 2018Q2
6.4 2018Q3
1.1
................ ................ 2018Q2
8.7 2018Q3
2.5
................ ................ 2018Q3
-3.4 2017Q3
-5.7
................ ................ 2018Q1
8.5 2018Q3
3.4
................ ................ 2018Q1
14.1 2018Q3
5.6
2014Q1
-3.5 2018Q2
-1.3 2018Q3
-3.6
................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
1970Q3
1.6 2018Q2
9.3 2018Q3
-4.9
................ ................ 2018Q2
13.5 2018Q3
-8.4
2008Q4
1.4 2018Q3
2.4 2017Q4
-1.0
2005Q3
2.7 2018Q3
9.3 2018Q2
-0.6
................ ................ 2018Q3
10.5 2018Q2
-0.4
................ ................ 2016Q3
7.9 2018Q3
4.3
1987Q3
0.4 2018Q3
2.6 2017Q3
-1.0
2016Q3
1.6 2018Q3
3.5 2017Q3
-1.3
2002Q2
6.9 2009Q2
10.7 2018Q3
4.9
................ ................ 2018Q3
1.6 2013Q4
-7.6
2015Q4
-0.3 2018Q3
2.0 2017Q3
-0.9

2.5 2016Q3
2.5 2018Q2
5.4 2018Q3
1.0
2.7 2017Q3
2.7 2018Q3
5.3 2018Q1
2.2
2.6 2017Q2
2.6 2018Q3
2.9 2018Q1
1.9
3.1 1997Q2
3.1 2018Q2
4.3 2018Q3
3.0
............................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
............................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
............................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
4.2 1988Q2
4.2 2018Q1
4.4 2018Q3
2.6
4.6
4.3
4.6
4.3
4.6
............................
............................
............................
5.7

1999Q2
1997Q1
2013Q1
2008Q2
................
................
................
................
2014Q3

1.6
1.8
1.8
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.7
1.2
1.5

2015Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3
2016Q3
2018Q1
1965Q3
2016Q1
2018Q3
2017Q1

4.6 2018Q3
4.9 2018Q1
4.3
4.3 2018Q2
8.6 2018Q3
2.8
4.6 2018Q3
6.8 2017Q3
4.4
4.3 2018Q3
4.8 2017Q3
3.6
................ 2018Q3
4.7 2018Q1
4.5
................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................ ................ ................ ................
5.7 2018Q1
7.0 2018Q3
4.2
1.6
1.8
1.8
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.7
1.2
1.5

2018Q3
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q2

1.8
2.5
3.0
2.9
3.3
1.6
2.1
2.0
2.2

2017Q2
2017Q3
2017Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3
2017Q2
2018Q3
2017Q2
2018Q3

1.1
1.7
1.2
1.9
1.5
0.8
1.6
0.0
1.2

February 28, 2019

2018Q4 (Initial Estimate) Comparisons -- Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product

Percent change at annual rate:
Gross domestic product
Percentage points at annual rates:
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

2018:Q4
contribution

Last period with
equal value

Last period with
larger value

Last period with
smaller value

2.6

2005Q4

2.6

2018Q3

3.4

2018Q1

2.2

1.92
0.80
0.41
0.39
1.11
0.82
0.69
0.82
-0.13
0.39
0.56
-0.14
0.13
-0.22
0.19
0.13
0.06
-0.41
-0.20
-0.21
0.07
0.10
0.25
-0.15
-0.03

2009Q3
1975Q4
1985Q2
1992Q3
1967Q2
................
................
................
2002Q4
1963Q1
................
2018Q3
................
................
1982Q2
................
2013Q2
2017Q3
1962Q3
2016Q3
................
1969Q3
2009Q4
................
2015Q4

1.92
0.80
0.41
0.39
1.11
................
................
................
-0.13
0.39
................
-0.14
................
................
0.19
................
0.06
-0.41
-0.20
-0.21
................
0.10
0.25
................
-0.03

2018Q3
2018Q3
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3
2018Q3
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q1
2018Q1
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q2
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3
2018Q3
2009Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3

2.37
0.90
0.60
0.64
1.47
2.53
1.10
1.15
-0.11
0.49
0.58
-0.05
2.33
1.22
1.12
1.06
0.10
0.10
0.06
-0.12
0.44
0.23
0.56
0.04
0.22

2018Q1
2018Q1
2018Q3
2018Q1
2018Q1
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3
2017Q3
2018Q3
2018Q3
2017Q2
2018Q2
2018Q3
2018Q3
2018Q3
2017Q4
2018Q3
2018Q3
2015Q3
2017Q3
2017Q3
2018Q3
2013Q4
2017Q3

0.36
-0.13
0.26
0.02
0.49
-0.07
0.21
0.35
-0.18
0.21
0.25
-0.22
-1.17
-1.99
-0.62
-0.72
-0.04
-1.37
-1.24
-0.23
-0.18
-0.08
0.18
-0.22
-0.10

February 28, 2019

2018 (Initial Estimate) Comparisons -- Percent Change From Preceding Period in Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures
[Percent]

Gross domestic product (GDP)
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product
Gross domestic purchases
Final sales to domestic purchasers
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
Gross domestic income (GDI)
Average of GDP and GDI
Gross national product (GNP)
Disposable personal income
Current-dollar measures:
GDP
Final sales of domestic product
Gross domestic purchases
Final sales to domestic purchasers
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
GDI
Average of GDP and GDI
GNP
Disposable personal income
Chain-type price measures:
Gross domestic purchases
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy
GDP
GDP excluding food and energy
GDP implicit price deflator
PCE
PCE excluding food and energy
Market-based PCE
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

2018
% change

2.9
2.6
3.8
5.7
2.8
2.1
6.0
5.3
7.0
5.0
7.5
7.7
-0.2
............................
............................
3.9
4.7
2.5
4.6
4.9
3.2
1.5
2.6
3.4
1.5
0.9

Last period with
Last period with
Last period with
equal value
larger value
smaller value
2015
2.9
2005
3.5
2017
2.2
2002
2.6
2016
2.7
2017
2.5
................ ................
2015
4.7
2017
3.7
1992
5.7
2017
6.8
2016
5.5
1969
2.8
2015
3.4
2017
2.1
1982
2.1
2016
2.3
2017
2.0
1968
6.0
2013
6.9
2017
4.8
................ ................
2014
6.3
2017
4.8
1969
7.0
2012
9.5
2017
5.3
................ ................
2014
10.6
2017
4.6
................ ................
2012
11.0
2017
6.1
1967
7.7
2000
9.5
2017
4.6
................ ................
2017
3.3
2010
-3.1
................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................
2014
4.3
2017
3.0
................ ................
2011
7.1
2017
3.3
2017
2.5
2014
3.6
2016
-0.9
2017
4.6
2015
5.5
2016
1.9
1940
4.9
2015
5.8
2017
4.6
2011
3.2
2017
4.4
2014
2.6
2004
1.5
2015
1.9
2017
-0.1
1935
2.6
2010
4.1
2017
0.7
................ ................
2009
5.7
2017
0.7
2005
1.5
2016
1.9
2017
0.8
................ ................
2016
2.0
2017
-0.5

2.8
2006
2.8
2005
3.6
2017
2.2
3.0
2010
3.0
2015
3.6
2017
2.5
2.9
1989
2.9
2015
3.3
2017
2.5
3.2
1979
3.2
2015
3.7
2017
3.0
............................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
............................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
............................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
2.9
1989
2.9
2015
4.1
2017
2.6
5.2
5.1
5.3
5.1
5.3
............................
............................
............................
5.0

1993
1993
2003
................
2014
................
................
................
1963

2.2
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.6

1995
2000
2001
1995
1992
1956
2012
2012
1996

5.2
2006
6.0
2017
4.2
5.1
2006
5.9
2017
4.2
5.3
2006
6.0
2017
4.3
................
2006
6.0
2017
4.4
5.3
2006
6.0
2017
4.8
................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................ ................ ................ ................
................ ................ ................ ................ ................
5.0
2014
5.6
2017
4.4
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.6

2011
2008
2007
2007
2007
2011
2008
2011
2012

2.4
2.2
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.5
2.0
2.5
1.8

2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017

1.9
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.5
1.3

February 28, 2019

2018 (Initial Estimate) Comparisons -- Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product

Percent change at annual rate:
Gross domestic product
Percentage points at annual rates:
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

2018 contribution

Last period with
equal value

Last period with
larger value

Last period with
smaller value

2.9

2015

2.9

2005

3.5

2017

2.2

1.81
0.80
0.40
0.40
1.01
1.03
0.91
0.92
0.15
0.44
0.33
-0.01
0.12
-0.22
0.47
0.36
0.10
-0.69
-0.60
-0.09
0.26
0.17
0.13
0.04
0.09

................
................
................
1971
................
................
................
2005
1996
................
1996
................
1978
2001
................
2012
2017
................
................
2012
1988
2006
2007
2005
................

................
................
................
0.40
................
................
................
0.92
0.15
................
0.33
................
0.12
-0.22
................
0.36
0.10
................
................
-0.09
0.26
0.17
0.13
0.04
................

2016
2015
2017
2015
2016
2013
2014
2012
2014
2012
2000
2017
2015
2013
2014
2014
2014
2017
2017
2014
2015
2010
2010
2016
2016

1.85
1.02
0.48
0.49
1.08
1.11
1.02
1.16
0.32
0.62
0.36
0.13
0.25
0.22
0.58
0.42
0.15
-0.67
-0.55
-0.07
0.33
0.35
0.16
0.05
0.22

2017
2017
2016
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2010
2017
2017
2017
2017
2016
2015
2015
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017
2017

1.73
0.78
0.39
0.30
0.95
0.81
0.81
0.68
0.13
0.35
0.20
-0.08
0.00
-0.31
0.36
0.26
-0.04
-0.85
-0.74
-0.12
-0.01
0.05
0.03
0.02
-0.06