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EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 3:30 p.m. ET, Thursday, September 1, 2022 Technical: Media: Michelle Grier (BEA) Connie O’Connell (BEA) Tanya Harris Joshua (OIA) 301-278-9089 301-278-9003 202-208-6008 BEA 22–42 Territories@bea.gov Connie.OConnell@bea.gov Tanya.Joshua@ios.doi.gov Gross Domestic Product for American Samoa, 2021 Gross Domestic Product by Industry and Compensation by Industry, 2020 Real gross domestic product (GDP) for American Samoa decreased 1.7 percent in 2021 after increasing 5.0 percent in 2020 (table 1.3), according to statistics released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). These statistics were developed under the Statistical Improvement Program, funded by the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA) of the U.S. Department of the Interior. GDP for 2021 The decrease in real GDP reflected decreases in exports and private inventory investment (table 1.4). These decreases were partly offset by increases in personal consumption expenditures, government spending, and private fixed investment. Imports, a subtraction item in the calculation of GDP, declined. Chart 1. American Samoa: Contributions to the Percent Change in Real GDP, 2021 Percentage points 8 4.69 4 5.62 4.11 2.76 0 –4 –1.7% –2.35 –8 –12 –16 –20 –16.56 GDP Personal Private fixed consumption investment expenditures Private inventory investment Government spending Exports Imports Note. The chart shows the percent change of total real GDP and the contributions (in percentage points) of each major component to that change. For example, exports accounted for –16.56 percentage points of the 1.7 percent decrease in real GDP in 2021. Imports are a subtraction item; thus, a decrease in imports results in a positive contribution to GDP. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Page 1 of 5 Coronavirus (COVID–19) Impact on the 2021 American Samoa GDP Estimate In 2021, the American Samoa economy was affected by the continued federal government response related to the COVID–19 pandemic. Territorial government and consumer spending were supported by federal payments authorized by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act of 2020; the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations (CRRSA) Act of 2021; and the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. Expenditures funded by these payments are reflected in the GDP estimates. However, the full effects of the pandemic cannot be quantified in BEA statistics for American Samoa, because the impacts are generally embedded in the data sources used to estimate the components of GDP. Exports decreased 27.0 percent (table 1.3), primarily reflecting a decline in exports of canned tuna and related products. Data from the U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Trade with Puerto Rico and U.S. Possessions reports show that the quantities of prepared or preserved fish shipped from American Samoa to the 50 states and the District of Columbia were 29 percent lower in 2021 compared with 2020. Private inventory investment decreased (table 1.2), reflecting a decline in inventory investment of the tuna canning industry. Personal consumption expenditures increased 6.2 percent (table 1.3), primarily reflecting growth in spending on goods, such as food and beverages, clothing, and furniture. Consumer spending was supported by government assistance payments distributed to households through the CRRSA Act and the American Rescue Plan Act. Government spending increased 8.0 percent (table 1.3), reflecting growth in territorial government spending. Territorial government spending was supported by federal grant revenues, including Coronavirus Relief Fund payments and Education Stabilization Fund payments authorized by the CARES Act and the American Rescue Plan Act. Private fixed investment increased 30.8 percent (table 1.3), primarily reflecting growth in residential and nonresidential structures. GDP by industry and compensation by industry for 2020 In 2020, GDP increased 5.0 percent. The newly available GDP by industry data, which are released on a 1-year lag, reveal that both the government and private sector contributed to growth in real GDP in 2020 (table 2.5). The government sector increased 9.1 percent (table 2.4), primarily reflecting growth in compensation for territorial government employees. The private sector increased 3.1 percent (table 2.4), primarily reflecting growth in manufacturing. The growth in manufacturing reflected increased tuna cannery output. Page 2 of 5 Total compensation increased from $309 million to $345 million in 2020 (table 2.6). The $36 million increase primarily reflected growth in territorial government compensation. Updates to American Samoa GDP and its Components Estimates for 2019 and 2020 that were released on November 30, 2021, have been revised to incorporate updates to source data, including the following: • Value of imported goods by type from the American Samoa Department of Commerce, • Audited financial statements for the American Samoa Government and its independent agencies, and • Wage and employment information from the U.S. Census Bureau County Business Patterns. The revised estimates exhibit a pattern of inflation-adjusted GDP growth similar to the previously published estimates (table 1.7). Due to lags in the availability of data for various components of GDP, the statistics presented today for 2021 are preliminary estimates. For example, data covering government spending and imports of goods for the fourth quarter of 2021 were not available in time for incorporation into this year’s estimates of GDP. As additional source data become available, BEA will incorporate the information and will release updated estimates once a year. For more information on the data sources underlying these estimates, see Summary of Methodologies: Gross Domestic Product for American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Next release: Summer 2023 Gross Domestic Product for American Samoa, 2022 American Samoa GDP by Industry and Compensation by Industry, 2021 Page 3 of 5 Additional Information Resources • • • • Stay informed about BEA developments by reading The BEA Wire, signing up for BEA’s email subscription service, or following BEA on Twitter @BEA_News. Historical time series for gross domestic product for the U.S. territories can be accessed at BEA’s website. For more on BEA statistics, see our online journal, the Survey of Current Business. For upcoming economic indicators, see BEA’s news release schedule. Definitions Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of the goods and services produced by the American Samoa economy less the value of the goods and services used up in production. GDP is also equal to the sum of personal consumption expenditures, private fixed investment, change in private inventories, net exports of goods and services, and government consumption expenditures and gross investment. Personal consumption expenditures measures the goods and services purchased by “persons”—that is, by households and by nonprofit institutions serving households—who are resident in American Samoa. Private fixed investment measures spending by private businesses, nonprofit institutions, and households on fixed assets in the American Samoa economy. Fixed assets consist of structures, equipment, and intellectual property products that are used in the production of goods and services. Change in private inventories, or “private inventory investment,” is a measure of the value of the change in the physical volume of the inventories—additions less withdrawals—that businesses maintain to support their production and distribution activities. goods and services. Exports measures the portion of total American Samoa production of goods and services that is provided to the rest of the world. Imports measures the portion of total American Samoa expenditures that is accounted for by goods and services provided by the rest of the world. Government consumption expenditures and gross investment, or “government spending,” measures the portion of GDP that is accounted for by the government sector. Government consumption expenditures consists of spending by government to produce and provide services to the public. Gross investment consists of spending by government for fixed assets that directly benefit the public or that assist government agencies in their production activities. Gross domestic income (GDI) is the sum of incomes earned and costs incurred in the production of GDP. In national economic accounting, GDP and GDI are conceptually equal. Current-dollar estimates are valued in the prices of the period when the transactions occurred—that is, at “market value” (also referred to as “nominal estimates” or as “current-price estimates”). Real values are inflation-adjusted estimates—that is, estimates that exclude the effects of price changes. Statistical conventions Quantities (or “real” volume measures) and prices are expressed as index numbers with a specified reference year equal to 100 (currently 2012). Quantity and price indexes are calculated using a Fisher chain-weighted formula that incorporates weights from two adjacent years. “Real” dollar series are calculated by multiplying the quantity index by the current-dollar value in the reference year and then dividing by 100. Chained-dollar values are not additive, because the relative weights for a given period differ from those of the reference year. Net exports of goods and services is the difference between exports of goods and services and imports of Page 4 of 5 News Release Tables Table 1.1. Gross Domestic Product Table 1.2. Real Gross Domestic Product Table 1.3. Percent Change from Preceding Year in Real Gross Domestic Product Table 1.4. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product Table 1.5. Percent Change from Preceding Year in Prices for Gross Domestic Product and Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product Table 1.6. Gross Domestic Income Table 1.7. Revisions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product Table 2.1. Value Added by Industry Table 2.2. Value Added by Industry as a Percentage of Gross Domestic Product Table 2.3. Real Value Added by Industry Table 2.4. Percent Changes in Real Value Added by Industry Table 2.5. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product by Industry Table 2.6. Compensation of Employees by Industry Page 5 of 5 American Samoa September 1, 2022 Table 1.1. Gross Domestic Product Line 1 Gross domestic product .................................. 2 Personal consumption expenditures ............ 3 Goods............................................................ 4 Durable goods............................................ 5 Nondurable goods..................................... 6 Services......................................................... 7 Net foreign travel.......................................... 8 Private fixed investment ............................... 9 Change in private inventories........................ 10 Net exports of goods and services................. 11 Exports ......................................................... 12 Goods ........................................................ 13 Services ..................................................... 14 Imports ......................................................... 15 Goods ........................................................ 16 Services ..................................................... 17 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment ................................... 18 Federal.......................................................... 19 Territorial...................................................... r Revised p Preliminary Note. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2012 640 420 183 23 160 246 –9 54 0 –163 483 457 26 646 588 57 329 22 306 [Millions of dollars] 2013 2014 2015 638 643 673 460 446 463 207 217 214 25 34 32 181 183 182 247 256 256 –8 –10 –10 66 72 56 6 32 23 –193 –266 –237 458 429 428 435 402 401 24 27 27 651 695 665 596 591 625 60 70 69 313 21 292 343 24 319 371 26 345 2016 671 463 209 30 179 264 –9 53 46 –210 429 401 27 639 571 68 2017 612 471 208 26 182 270 –7 54 38 –264 362 336 26 626 552 74 2018 639 487 214 27 187 277 –3 56 –11 –227 436 410 25 662 573 89 2019r 647 509 213 29 184 297 –1 46 –4 –215 399 377 23 614 547 68 2020r 716 534 249 57 192 281 4 62 19 –264 426 422 4 691 627 64 2021p 709 598 299 70 230 295 4 87 9 –391 334 330 4 724 642 83 320 26 294 313 25 288 334 25 310 312 23 289 366 23 343 406 21 385 American Samoa September 1, 2022 Table 1.2. Real Gross Domestic Product Line 1 Gross domestic product................................... 2 Personal consumption expenditures ............ 3 Goods............................................................ 4 Durable goods............................................ 5 Nondurable goods..................................... 6 Services......................................................... 7 Net foreign travel.......................................... 8 Private fixed investment ............................... 9 Change in private inventories........................ 10 Net exports of goods and services................. 11 Exports ......................................................... 12 Goods ........................................................ 13 Services ..................................................... 14 Imports ......................................................... 15 Goods ........................................................ 16 Services ..................................................... 17 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment ................................... 18 Federal.......................................................... 19 Territorial...................................................... r Revised p Preliminary U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis [Millions of chained (2012) dollars] 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 640 624 635 655 644 458 463 420 440 451 183 204 213 211 207 23 25 33 31 29 160 179 180 180 178 246 243 248 255 263 –9 –7 –10 –9 –8 54 63 67 51 48 0 6 33 28 56 –163 –192 –250 –239 –222 483 481 503 540 534 457 458 477 515 508 26 23 26 26 26 646 673 753 780 755 713 688 588 614 686 57 59 67 67 67 329 22 306 308 21 287 331 23 308 359 25 333 309 25 284 2017 599 460 202 25 176 263 –5 48 43 –251 417 393 24 668 595 71 2018 615 465 203 27 176 264 –2 48 –11 –191 473 451 22 664 581 81 2019r 612 481 201 28 173 279 0 39 –5 –181 448 428 20 628 566 61 2020r 643 505 236 55 181 264 4 51 22 –252 494 496 4 745 686 60 2021p 631 536 263 61 203 267 4 67 7 –344 360 361 3 704 631 71 297 24 273 304 23 282 278 20 258 314 20 294 339 17 322 American Samoa September 1, 2022 Table 1.3. Percent Change from Preceding Year in Real Gross Domestic Product Line 1 Gross domestic product .................................. 2 Personal consumption expenditures ............ 3 Goods............................................................ 4 Durable goods............................................ 5 Nondurable goods..................................... 6 Services......................................................... 7 Net foreign travel.......................................... 8 Private fixed investment ............................... 9 Change in private inventories........................ 10 Net exports of goods and services................. 11 Exports ......................................................... 12 Goods ........................................................ 13 Services ..................................................... 14 Imports ......................................................... 15 Goods ........................................................ 16 Services ..................................................... 17 Government consumption expenditures and gross investment ................................... 18 Federal.......................................................... 19 Territorial...................................................... r Revised p Preliminary U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2013 –2.5 4.7 11.3 10.4 11.5 –1.0 …….. 15.7 …….. …….. –0.5 0.1 –10.2 4.2 4.3 3.9 –6.4 –4.6 –6.5 [Percent] 2014 2015 1.6 3.3 2.7 1.4 4.7 –1.0 32.2 –5.8 0.9 –0.2 2.0 3.1 …….. …….. 6.1 –23.4 …….. …….. …….. …….. 4.8 7.4 4.3 7.9 12.7 –0.7 11.9 3.5 11.8 3.9 12.9 0.4 7.5 9.9 7.3 8.4 9.5 8.4 2016 –1.8 1.1 –1.7 –5.8 –1.0 3.1 …….. –7.1 …….. …….. –1.2 –1.3 –0.7 –3.1 –3.5 0.0 2017 –6.9 –0.6 –2.9 –13.3 –1.1 –0.2 …….. 1.3 …….. …….. –21.9 –22.8 –8.3 –11.5 –13.5 6.1 2018 2.7 1.1 0.7 5.0 0.1 0.2 …….. –0.4 …….. …….. 13.5 14.9 –5.3 –0.6 –2.4 13.0 2019r –0.6 3.5 –0.8 6.5 –1.9 6.0 …….. –19.0 …….. …….. –5.4 –5.1 –11.4 –5.4 –2.5 –24.1 2020r 5.0 4.9 17.0 94.2 4.7 –5.6 …….. 31.1 …….. …….. 10.3 15.7 –80.2 18.7 21.2 –2.0 2021p –1.7 6.2 11.6 10.7 11.9 1.2 …….. 30.8 …….. …….. –27.0 –27.1 –16.1 –5.5 –8.0 18.8 –13.9 –1.1 –14.8 –4.0 –4.1 –4.0 2.6 –5.9 3.3 –8.6 –9.6 –8.5 13.0 –1.7 14.1 8.0 –13.1 9.4 American Samoa Line 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 September 1, 2022 Table 1.4. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product Percent change: Gross domestic product .................................. Percentage points: Personal consumption expenditures ............ Goods............................................................ Durable goods............................................ Nondurable goods..................................... Services......................................................... Net foreign travel.......................................... Private fixed investment ............................... Change in private inventories........................ Net exports of goods and services................. Exports ......................................................... Goods ........................................................ Services ..................................................... Imports ......................................................... Goods ........................................................ Services ..................................................... Government consumption expenditures and gross investment ................................... Federal.......................................................... Territorial...................................................... r Revised p Preliminary U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019r 2020r 2021p –2.5 1.6 3.3 –1.8 –6.9 2.7 –0.6 5.0 –1.7 3.06 3.23 0.37 2.86 –0.37 0.21 1.35 0.90 –4.50 –0.34 0.07 –0.41 –4.16 –3.81 –0.35 1.92 1.55 1.29 0.25 0.77 –0.40 0.64 4.05 –8.70 3.24 2.76 0.48 –11.94 –10.70 –1.24 1.01 –0.34 –0.30 –0.04 1.20 0.16 –2.62 –0.67 1.07 4.69 4.72 –0.03 –3.63 –3.59 –0.04 0.72 –0.53 –0.27 –0.26 1.16 0.10 –0.58 3.37 2.28 –0.78 –0.75 –0.03 3.06 3.06 0.00 –0.45 –0.91 –0.60 –0.31 –0.06 0.53 0.11 –1.66 –2.98 –14.69 –14.35 –0.35 11.72 12.35 –0.64 0.86 0.25 0.21 0.03 0.11 0.51 –0.03 –8.20 8.78 8.16 8.39 –0.22 0.62 2.23 –1.61 2.63 –0.27 0.27 –0.54 2.57 0.32 –1.67 1.01 1.93 –3.62 –3.17 –0.45 5.55 2.21 3.34 3.74 5.47 4.17 1.30 –2.52 0.79 2.20 3.62 –10.72 6.10 8.78 –2.68 –16.82 –17.02 0.20 4.69 4.18 0.90 3.28 0.49 0.02 2.76 –2.35 –10.93 –16.56 –16.46 –0.10 5.62 7.37 –1.74 –3.26 –0.16 –3.10 3.73 0.33 3.39 4.47 0.35 4.12 –7.58 –0.04 –7.54 –1.95 –0.16 –1.79 1.33 –0.25 1.58 –4.48 –0.37 –4.10 6.20 –0.06 6.26 4.11 –0.42 4.53 American Samoa Line September 1, 2022 Table 1.5. Percent Change from Preceding Year in Prices for Gross Domestic Product and Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product 2012 1 2 Gross domestic product .................................. Personal consumption expenditures .............. 3 4 Gross domestic product .................................. Personal consumption expenditures .............. r Revised p Preliminary U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2013 2014 2015 Percent 17.4 2.1 –0.7 1.2 –2.1 4.8 1.5 1.0 Index numbers, 2012=100 100.0 102.1 101.4 102.6 100.0 101.5 102.5 100.4 2016 2017 2018 2019r 2020r 2021p 1.6 –0.2 –2.0 2.4 1.7 2.2 1.8 0.9 5.3 0.0 0.8 5.6 104.3 100.1 102.2 102.5 103.9 104.8 105.8 105.8 111.4 105.7 112.3 111.7 2016 671 311 2017 612 294 2018 639 301 2019r 647 309 2020r 716 345 2021p 709 …….. 27 333 24 294 34 304 35 303 28 343 …….. …….. Table 1.6. Gross Domestic Income Line 1 Gross domestic income.................................... 2 Compensation of employees........................... 3 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies.................................................... 4 Gross operating surplus................................... r Revised p Preliminary … Not available Note. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Line 2012 640 272 25 343 [Millions of dollars] 2013 2014 2015 638 643 673 277 294 308 26 335 28 321 26 339 Table 1.7. Revisions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product 1 2 Percent change: Revised............................................................. Previously published........................................ 3 Percentage points: Revision............................................................ r Revised U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019r 2020r –2.5 –2.5 1.6 1.6 3.3 3.3 –1.8 –1.8 –6.9 –6.9 2.7 2.7 –0.6 –0.6 5.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 American Samoa September 1, 2022 Table 2.1. Value Added by Industry Line 1 Gross domestic product .................................. 2 Private industries.......................................... 3 Manufacturing.............................................. 4 Nonmanufacturing........................................ 5 Government.................................................. 6 Federal.......................................................... 7 Territorial...................................................... r Revised Note. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis [Millions of dollars] 2012 2013 2014 640 638 643 446 447 455 89 93 77 356 354 378 194 190 188 17 18 18 177 172 171 2015 673 477 94 384 195 18 177 2016 671 475 92 383 196 18 178 2017 612 420 67 353 193 18 175 2018 639 443 89 354 196 18 178 2019r 647 442 80 362 205 19 187 2020 716 475 109 366 241 20 221 2018 100 69 14 55 31 3 28 2019r 100 68 12 56 32 3 29 2020 100 66 15 51 34 3 31 Table 2.2. Value Added by Industry as a Percentage of Gross Domestic Product Line 1 Gross domestic product .................................. 2 Private industries.......................................... 3 Manufacturing.............................................. Nonmanufacturing........................................ 4 5 Government.................................................. 6 Federal.......................................................... 7 Territorial...................................................... r Revised Note. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2012 100 70 14 56 30 3 28 [Percent] 2013 2014 100 100 70 71 15 12 55 59 30 29 3 3 27 27 2015 100 71 14 57 29 3 26 2016 100 71 14 57 29 3 27 2017 100 69 11 58 32 3 29 American Samoa September 1, 2022 Table 2.3. Real Value Added by Industry Line 1 Gross domestic product .................................. 2 Private industries.......................................... 3 Manufacturing.............................................. 4 Nonmanufacturing........................................ 5 Government.................................................. 6 Federal.......................................................... 7 Territorial...................................................... r Revised U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis [Millions of chained (2012) dollars] 2012 2013 2014 2015 655 640 624 635 446 439 457 477 89 88 91 105 356 351 366 373 179 194 186 178 17 17 18 17 177 168 161 162 2016 644 466 104 364 178 17 161 2017 599 424 83 341 174 16 158 2018 615 444 97 348 172 16 155 2019r 612 436 93 344 175 16 159 2018 2.7 4.6 16.6 2.2 –1.3 0.4 –1.5 2019r –0.6 –1.7 –3.4 –1.3 2.0 –1.4 2.4 2020 5.0 3.1 15.6 0.2 9.1 5.9 9.4 Table 2.4. Percent Changes in Real Value Added by Industry Line 1 Gross domestic product .................................. 2 Private industries.......................................... 3 Manufacturing.............................................. 4 Nonmanufacturing........................................ Government.................................................. 5 6 Federal.......................................................... 7 Territorial...................................................... r Revised U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis [Percent] 2013 2014 –2.5 1.6 –1.6 4.2 –1.5 3.0 –1.6 4.4 –4.5 –4.1 5.0 –4.0 –5.4 –4.2 2015 3.3 4.4 16.3 1.9 0.5 –1.3 0.7 2016 –1.8 –2.3 –1.5 –2.5 –0.5 1.7 –0.7 2017 –6.9 –8.9 –20.2 –6.3 –2.2 –4.9 –1.9 2020 643 450 108 344 191 17 174 American Samoa Line 1 2 3 September 1, 2022 Table 2.5. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product by Industry Percent change: Gross domestic product................................... Percentage points: Private industries.......................................... Manufacturing.............................................. Nonmanufacturing........................................ Government.................................................. Federal.......................................................... Territorial...................................................... 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019r 2020 –2.5 1.6 3.3 –1.8 –6.9 2.7 –0.6 5.0 –1.09 –0.21 –0.88 –1.36 0.13 –1.49 2.89 0.40 2.49 –1.26 –0.11 –1.15 3.10 1.98 1.11 0.16 –0.04 0.19 –1.65 –0.20 –1.45 –0.15 0.05 –0.19 –6.27 –2.67 –3.61 –0.65 –0.14 –0.52 3.15 1.92 1.23 –0.42 0.01 –0.43 –1.19 –0.46 –0.73 0.62 –0.04 0.66 2.13 2.04 0.10 2.91 0.17 2.74 2017 294 118 40 79 175 17 158 2018 301 127 49 78 174 18 156 2019r 309 131 54 77 178 18 160 4 5 6 7 r Revised Note. Percentage-point contributions do not sum to the percent change in real gross domestic product (GDP) because of rounding and differences in source data used to estimate GDP by industry and the expenditures measure of real GDP. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Table 2.6. Compensation of Employees by Industry Line 1 Total compensation......................................... 2 Private industries.......................................... 3 Manufacturing.............................................. 4 Nonmanufacturing........................................ 5 Government.................................................. 6 Federal.......................................................... 7 Territorial...................................................... r Revised Note. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis [Millions of dollars] 2012 2013 2014 272 277 294 104 105 116 40 42 45 63 63 72 169 171 178 16 17 17 152 154 161 2015 308 124 51 73 185 17 167 2016 311 128 51 77 183 18 165 2020 345 130 50 80 215 20 196