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March 27, 2025

2024Q4 (Third Estimate) Comparisons -- Percent Change from Preceding Period in
Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures
[Percent] Seasonally adjusted at annual rates

Gross domestic product (GDP)
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product
Gross domestic purchases
Final sales to domestic purchasers
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
Gross domestic income (GDI)
Average of GDP and GDI
Gross national product (GNP)
Disposable personal income
Current-dollar measures:
GDP
Final sales of domestic product
Gross domestic purchases
Final sales to domestic purchasers
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
GDI
Average of GDP and GDI
GNP
Disposable personal income
Chain-type price measures:
Gross domestic purchases
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy
GDP
GDP excluding food and energy
GDP implicit price deflator
PCE
PCE excluding food and energy
Market-based PCE
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

2024Q4 %
change
2.4
4.0
6.2
12.4
3.1
3.0
-5.6
-1.1
-3.0
2.9
-8.7
-0.5
5.5
............................
............................
-0.2
-4.6
8.5
-1.9
-4.9
10.9
3.1
4.0
4.8
2.9
2.5

Last period with
Last period with
Last period with
equal value
larger value
smaller value
2023Q2
2.4 2024Q3
3.1 2024Q1
1.6
2014Q3
4.0 2023Q1
4.9 2024Q3
3.7
1987Q3
6.2 2023Q1
7.4 2024Q3
5.6
................. ................. 2023Q1
17.1 2024Q3
7.6
2023Q3
3.1 2024Q3
4.6 2024Q2
1.7
1995Q3
3.0 2024Q1
3.4 2024Q3
2.8
................ ................ 2024Q3
0.8 2023Q1
-8.9
2019Q4
-1.1 2024Q3
2.1 2022Q4
-1.9
................. ................. 2024Q3
4.0 2020Q2
-28.5
1977Q4
2.9 2024Q1
6.3 2024Q3
-5.0
2019Q4
-8.7 2024Q3
10.8 2021Q3
-10.6
................. ................. 2024Q3
3.1 2020Q2
-9.5
................. ................. 2024Q1
13.7 2024Q3
-4.3
.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................
.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................
................. ................. 2024Q3
9.6 2023Q2
-4.8
................. ................. 2024Q3
10.3 2023Q2
-10.9
1994Q2
8.5 2023Q2
8.8 2024Q3
8.4
1988Q1
-1.9 2024Q3
10.7 2023Q2
-3.1
................. ................. 2024Q3
10.7 2023Q2
-5.0
................. ................. 2024Q3
11.0 2024Q2
4.3
2024Q2
3.1 2024Q3
5.1 2024Q1
1.8
2002Q3
4.0 2024Q3
8.9 2024Q1
-0.4
1996Q2
4.8 2024Q3
13.9 2024Q1
-2.5
2022Q3
2.9 2023Q3
3.4 2024Q3
2.6
1977Q2
2.5 2024Q3
2.9 2024Q2
2.3

3.3
2.1
3.0
2.9
4.5
3.5
3.3
1.9

2024Q3
2002Q3
2015Q3
2024Q1
1997Q1
2023Q3
2019Q2
2019Q4

3.3
2.1
3.0
2.9
4.5
3.5
3.3
1.9

2023Q4
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2023Q4
2023Q4
2023Q3
2024Q1

3.7
3.4
3.7
3.4
5.1
4.1
4.3
5.6

2024Q2
2022Q3
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3

1.9
0.2
2.8
2.7
1.4
2.2
2.4
0.2

4.8
5.7
4.4
5.2
5.2
6.9
5.9
5.7
4.3

2023Q4
1996Q1
2015Q2
2000Q3
2003Q1
2017Q4
2010Q3
2013Q3
2017Q3

4.8
5.7
4.4
5.2
5.2
6.9
5.9
5.7
4.3

2024Q3
2023Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2022Q3
2023Q3
2023Q3
2024Q1

5.0
6.3
5.4
5.7
5.3
8.6
6.8
7.6
9.2

2024Q1
2024Q3
2023Q2
2023Q2
2023Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3

4.7
5.3
4.1
4.4
5.0
3.3
4.2
4.4
1.8

2.2
2.3
2.3
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.6
2.1
2.3

2012Q4
2006Q4
2015Q2
2020Q4
2015Q2
2017Q4
2018Q1
2024Q2
2024Q2

2.2
2.3
2.3
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.6
2.1
2.3

2024Q2
2024Q3
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q1
2024Q1

2.4
2.4
2.5
2.7
2.5
2.5
2.8
2.8
3.1

2024Q3
2023Q4
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3

1.9
1.9
1.9
2.5
1.9
1.5
2.2
1.3
2.0

March 27, 2025

2024Q4 (Third Estimate) Comparisons -- Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product

2024Q4
contribution
Percent change at annual rate:
Gross domestic product
Percentage points at annual rates:
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

Last period with
equal value

Last period with
larger value

Last period with
smaller value

2.4

2023Q2

2.4

2024Q3

3.1

2024Q1

1.6

2.70
1.30
0.87
0.42
1.41
-1.03
-0.20
-0.41
0.09
-0.47
-0.03
0.22
-0.84
0.26
-0.01
-0.33
0.32
0.27
0.57
-0.30
0.52
0.25
0.18
0.08
0.27

1986Q2
.................
.................
2018Q1
.................
................
.................
1958Q3
1980Q3
1954Q2
1970Q1
2019Q3
.................
................
2005Q3
.................
1996Q2
1969Q3
2023Q2
2008Q4
2024Q2
.................
1979Q4
2016Q1
1998Q4

2.70
.................
.................
0.42
.................
................
.................
-0.41
0.09
-0.47
-0.03
0.22
.................
................
-0.01
.................
0.32
0.27
0.57
-0.30
0.52
.................
0.18
0.08
0.27

2023Q1
2023Q1
2023Q1
2024Q3
2024Q1
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q1
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q1
2024Q3
2023Q1
2024Q3
2024Q3
2022Q2
2023Q2
2022Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2023Q3
2024Q3

3.27
1.59
1.24
0.63
1.55
0.16
0.38
0.55
0.20
0.54
0.17
0.53
-0.22
0.33
1.01
0.70
0.56
0.44
1.08
-0.29
0.86
0.55
0.48
0.09
0.31

2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q2
2024Q3
2023Q1
2022Q4
2020Q2
2024Q3
2021Q3
2020Q2
2024Q3
2023Q1
2024Q3
2023Q2
2023Q2
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2023Q4
2024Q1
2024Q1
2024Q1
2024Q3
2024Q2

2.48
1.18
0.54
0.23
1.31
-1.63
-0.36
-4.09
-0.16
-0.54
-0.49
-0.18
-2.16
-0.43
-0.54
-0.86
0.31
-1.44
-1.14
-0.38
0.30
-0.02
-0.09
0.07
0.25

March 27, 2025

2024Q4 Comparisons -- Corporate Profits: Level Change and Percent Change

Corporate profits with IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax with IVA and CCAdj
Profits before tax without IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax without IVA and CCAdj
Net cash flow with IVA

Last period with
2024Q4 change
equal value
Dollar change from preceding quarter
204.7 ................ ................
183.5 ................. .................
249.6 ................. .................
228.4 ................. .................
217.8 ................. .................
Percent change from preceding quarter (quarterly rates)

Last period with
larger value

Last period with
smaller value

2021Q2
2021Q2
2021Q2
2021Q2
2023Q1

267.6
202.5
344.9
279.8
226.8

2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3

-15.0
-13.1
-12.0
-10.0
15.6

Corporate profits with IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax with IVA and CCAdj
Profits before tax without IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax without IVA and CCAdj
Net cash flow with IVA

5.4 1972Q1
5.4
5.9 2010Q1
5.9
6.1 2022Q2
6.1
6.7 ................. .................
5.8 1981Q3
5.8
Percent change from quarter one year ago

2022Q2
2022Q2
2021Q2
2021Q2
2023Q1

5.9
6.3
11.1
10.3
7.1

2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3

-0.4
-0.4
-0.3
-0.3
0.4

Corporate profits with IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax with IVA and CCAdj
Profits before tax without IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax without IVA and CCAdj
Net cash flow with IVA
IVA Inventory valuation adjustment
CCAdj Capital consumption adjustment
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

6.9 1964Q4
6.9
6.8 ................. .................
11.3 2012Q4
11.3
12.1 1976Q4
12.1
8.5 1983Q2
8.5

2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q2
2024Q2

10.8
10.8
13.7
14.2
11.1

2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3
2024Q3

6.0
5.9
8.7
9.2
6.5

March 27, 2025

2024 (Third Estimate) Comparisons -- Percent Change from Preceding Period in Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures
[Percent]
Last period with
Last period with
Last period with
2024 % change
equal value
larger value
smaller value
Gross domestic product (GDP)
2.8
2006
2.8
2023
2.9
2022
2.5
Personal consumption expenditures
2.8
2014
2.8
2022
3.0
2023
2.5
Goods
2.4 ................. .................
2021
11.3
2023
1.9
Durable goods
3.3
2019
3.3
2023
3.9
2022
-1.9
Nondurable goods
1.9
1992
1.9
2021
8.6
2023
0.8
Services
2.9
2023
2.9
2022
5.0
2020
-5.8
Gross private domestic investment
4.0
1989
4.0
2022
6.0
2023
0.1
Fixed investment
3.7 ................. .................
2021
7.3
2023
2.4
Nonresidential
3.6 ................. .................
2023
6.0
2020
-4.6
Structures
3.5 ................. .................
2023
10.8
2021
-2.6
Equipment
3.4 ................. .................
2023
3.5
2020
-10.1
Intellectual property products
3.9
1994
3.9
2023
5.8
2010
2.7
Residential
4.2 ................. .................
2021
10.9
2023
-8.3
Change in private inventories
............................ .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................
Net exports of goods and services
............................ .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................
Exports
3.3
1993
3.3
2022
7.5
2023
2.8
Goods
2.2
1998
2.2
2023
2.3
2020
-10.1
Services
5.4
2005
5.4
2022
11.1
2023
3.8
Imports
5.3
1971
5.3
2022
8.6
2023
-1.2
Goods
4.8 ................. .................
2022
6.7
2023
-1.8
Services
7.4 ................. .................
2022
17.8
2023
1.6
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
3.4
2020
3.4
2023
3.9
2022
-1.1
Federal
2.6
1935
2.6
2023
2.9
2022
-3.2
National defense
3.1 ................. .................
2023
3.2
2022
-3.9
Nondefense
1.8 ................. .................
2023
2.5
2022
-2.3
State and local
3.9
2019
3.9
2023
4.4
2022
0.2
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product
2.7
2015
2.7
2023
3.3
2022
1.9
Gross domestic purchases
3.1
2018
3.1
2021
7.1
2023
2.3
Final sales to domestic purchasers
3.0
2018
3.0
2021
6.9
2023
2.7
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
3.0
2022
3.0
2021
8.5
2023
2.5
Gross domestic income (GDI)
3.0
2018
3.0
2021
6.6
2023
1.7
Average of GDP and GDI
2.9
1967
2.9
2021
6.3
2023
2.3
Gross national product (GNP)
2.6
1961
2.6
2023
2.7
2022
2.4
Disposable personal income
2.7
2012
2.7
2023
5.1
2022
-5.5
Current-dollar measures:
GDP
5.3
2018
5.3
2023
6.6
2020
-0.9
Final sales of domestic product
5.3
1995
5.3
2023
7.0
2020
-0.4
Gross domestic purchases
5.5
1990
5.5
2023
5.8
2020
-0.6
Final sales to domestic purchasers
5.5
1956
5.5
2023
6.2
2020
-0.1
Final sales to private domestic purchasers
5.4
1956
5.4
2023
6.3
2020
-1.3
GDI
5.5 ................. .................
2022
10.1
2023
5.3
Average of GDP and GDI
5.4 ................. .................
2023
6.0
2020
-1.0
GNP
5.1
2007
5.1
2023
6.4
2020
-1.2
Disposable personal income
5.3
1996
5.3
2023
9.0
2022
0.7
Chain-type price measures:
Gross domestic purchases
2.4
2011
2.4
2023
3.3
2020
1.3
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy
2.5
2007
2.5
2023
3.5
2020
1.5
GDP
2.4
1993
2.4
2023
3.6
2020
1.3
GDP excluding food and energy
2.7
2007
2.7
2023
3.9
2020
1.5
GDP implicit price deflator
2.4
1993
2.4
2023
3.6
2020
1.3
PCE
2.5
2011
2.5
2023
3.8
2020
1.1
PCE excluding food and energy
2.8 ................. .................
2023
4.1
2020
1.3
Market-based PCE
2.2 ................. .................
2023
3.6
2020
1.0
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy
2.5 ................. .................
2023
4.0
2020
1.3
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

March 27, 2025

2024 (Third Estimate) Comparisons -- Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product
2024
contribution
Percent change at annual rate:
Gross domestic product
Percentage points at annual rates:
Personal consumption expenditures
Goods
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Services
Gross private domestic investment
Fixed investment
Nonresidential
Structures
Equipment
Intellectual property products
Residential
Change in private inventories
Net exports of goods and services
Exports
Goods
Services
Imports
Goods
Services
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment
Federal
National defense
Nondefense
State and local
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

Last period with
equal value

Last period with
larger value

Last period with
smaller value

2.8

2006

2.8

2023

2.9

2022

2.5

1.87
0.51
0.25
0.27
1.35
0.73
0.66
0.49
0.11
0.17
0.21
0.17
0.06
-0.37
0.36
0.16
0.20
-0.73
-0.53
-0.20
0.58
0.16
0.11
0.05
0.41

................
.................
.................
2002
.................
................
.................
.................
.................
1951
2006
1937
1972
................
1976
1962
1999
1943
2017
2006
1989
.................
2005
2004
1984

................
.................
.................
0.27
.................
................
.................
.................
.................
0.17
0.21
0.17
0.06
................
0.36
0.16
0.20
-0.73
-0.53
-0.20
0.58
.................
0.11
0.05
0.41

2022
2021
2023
2021
2022
2022
2021
2023
2023
2023
2023
2021
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
2023
2023
2023
2023
2023
2023
2023

2.06
2.50
0.31
1.24
2.20
1.07
1.28
0.81
0.32
0.18
0.31
0.48
0.59
0.49
0.82
0.17
0.38
0.17
0.22
-0.05
0.66
0.19
0.12
0.07
0.47

2023
2023
2022
2023
2023
2023
2023
2020
2022
2020
2015
2023
2023
2022
2023
2020
2023
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022

1.72
0.42
-0.16
0.12
1.30
0.02
0.43
-0.64
0.10
-0.58
0.20
-0.37
-0.41
-0.42
0.31
-0.75
0.14
-1.24
-0.81
-0.43
-0.20
-0.22
-0.15
-0.07
0.02

March 27, 2025

2024 Comparisons -- Corporate Profits: Level Change and Percent Change
Last period with
2024 change
equal value
Dollar change from preceding year
Corporate profits with IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax with IVA and CCAdj
Profits before tax without IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax without IVA and CCAdj
Net cash flow with IVA
Corporate profits with IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax with IVA and CCAdj
Profits before tax without IVA and CCAdj
Profits after tax without IVA and CCAdj
Net cash flow with IVA
IVA Inventory valuation adjustment
CCAdj Capital consumption adjustment
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

281.3 ................
232.9 .................
420.2 .................
371.8 .................
255.6 .................
Percent change from preceding year
7.9
8.0
11.4
12.1
7.3

................
.................
.................
.................
2022

Last period with
larger value

Last period with
smaller value

................
.................
.................
.................
.................

2021
2021
2021
2021
2023

666.3
513.9
828.8
676.4
431.7

2023
2023
2023
2023
2022

229.8
184.3
163.6
118.2
207.8

................
.................
.................
.................
7.3

2021
2021
2021
2021
2023

27.6
24.5
32.8
30.6
14.1

2023
2023
2023
2023
2020

6.9
6.7
4.6
4.0
-3.9