Full text of 1996 : Text File, USDL 97-315
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Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov:80/newsrels.htm
Technical information: (202) 606-6567 USDL 97-315
For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT
Media contact: 606-5902 Thursday, September 11, 1997
AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY BY STATE AND INDUSTRY, 1996
The average annual pay of all workers covered by State and Federal
Unemployment Insurance (UI) programs was $28,945 in 1996, a 3.9 percent
increase over the 1995 national average, according to preliminary data
released today by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of
Labor. The annual pay of private industry workers, who comprise 84.2
percent of the nation's employment, rose 4.2 percent in 1996, while pay for
government workers rose 3.1 percent. Pay growth in the private sector
outpaced that of government workers for the second straight year. In 1995,
the increase in pay for private sector employees was 3.6 percent and for
government workers, 2.6.
Annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by employers
subject to state and federal UI laws, covering 118.0 million full- and part-
time workers. Average annual pay is computed by dividing total annual
payrolls of employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number
of these employees. (See Technical Note beginning on page 3.) The
attached tables contain data for the nation, each of the 50 states, and the
District of Columbia.
States
The District of Columbia led the nation in average annual pay level in
1996--$44,458. (See table 2.) The District of Columbia has reported the
highest average pay level since 1987. Among the states in 1996, New York
had the highest pay level ($36,831), followed by Connecticut ($36,579),
New Jersey ($35,928), and Massachusetts ($33,940). The 1996 pay levels of
these five highest-ranking jurisdictions ranged from 17 to 54 percent more
than the U.S. average of $28,945. Since 1987, the same 10 states and the
District of Columbia have held the top 11 pay level positions, although
there have been shifts in individual rankings. The other six states in
this listing were Alaska, California, Michigan, Illinois, Delaware, and
Maryland. Also, from 1988 until 1993, these 10 states and the District of
Columbia were the only ones with average annual pay exceeding the national
average. In 1994, they were joined by Pennsylvania, which surpassed the
national average pay for the first time since 1980. (BLS began publishing
state annual pay data in 1979 with 1977 data.)
South Dakota's average annual pay was the lowest among the states
during 1996--$20,724, followed by Montana ($21,146), North Dakota
($21,242), Mississippi ($21,822), and Arkansas ($22,294). These states
have posted the five lowest average annual pay figures every year since
1988, although individual rankings have shifted; South Dakota, however, has
held the position of lowest average annual pay since 1977. The 1996
average annual pay levels of the bottom five ranked states were 23 to 28
percent less than the U.S. average of $28,945.
- 2 -
In 1996, the largest percentage increases in pay occurred in Delaware
and Minnesota; each reported pay increases of 5.5 percent from 1995 to
1996. Delaware posted strong gains in construction (10.9 percent),
finance, insurance, and real estate industry (8.6 percent), and
manufacturing (8.1 percent). In Minnesota, workers in the finance,
insurance, and real estate industry experienced the largest increase in
average annual pay (8.3 percent), followed by workers in the mining and
wholesale trade industries (6.7 percent each). Delaware and Minnesota were
followed by New York (5.4 percent) and Colorado and Washington (5.2 percent
each). (See table 3.) Massachusetts (4.9 percent), the District of
Columbia (4.7 percent), Oregon and Texas (4.6 percent each), and Georgia
(4.5 percent) had the next highest increases. In 1996, a total of five
states reported pay growth rates of 5.0 percent or higher; no state or
jurisdiction had reached a growth rate of this magnitude in 1995. A total
of 20 states and the District of Columbia had pay increases of 4.0 percent
or higher in 1996, compared with 11 states in 1995.
After an 8-year period without any state or jurisdiction experiencing a
decline in average annual pay, one state, Alaska, reported a decline in pay
during 1996. Alaska�s 0.7-percent decline was largely attributable to a
3.3-percent decrease in pay within the government sector. Hawaii had the
smallest increase (1.4 percent), followed by Idaho and Wyoming (2.3 percent
each) and West Virginia (2.5 percent). Eight states had percentage growth
rates in pay of less than 3.0 percent in 1996, compared with 12 states in
1995.
Industry
Average annual pay levels for the nation varied widely by industry.
(See table 4.) The mining industry, which accounts for less than 1 percent
of private sector employment, had the highest average annual pay--$47,612.
The next highest pay level--$41,728--was in finance, insurance, and real
estate and was 12 percent lower than average pay in the mining industry.
The lowest average annual pay, $15,215, was in the retail trade industry,
which employs a large proportion of part-time workers. The average annual
pay level for the government sector, which includes local, state, and
federal government establishments, was $30,878.
Within the private sector, for the second straight year, the finance,
insurance, and real estate industry had the largest percentage increase in
annual pay--8.2 percent in 1996. The next largest gain in 1996 was in
mining (5.2 percent), followed by manufacturing and wholesale trade (4.3
percent each). The services industry had the fifth highest increase (4.0
percent). The smallest pay gain among the eight major private sector
industry divisions was in transportation, communications, and public
utilities (3.0 percent). Pay growth in the government sector was 3.1
percent.
- 3 -
Technical Note
These data are the product of a federal-state cooperative program known
as the Covered Employment and Wages, or the ES-202, Program. The data are
derived from summaries of employment and total pay of workers covered by
unemployment insurance (UI) legislation and provided by State Employment
Security Agencies (SESAs). The summaries are a by-product of the
administration of state unemployment insurance programs that require most
employers to pay quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of
workers covered by UI. Data for 1996 are preliminary and subject to
revision.
Coverage
Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for
federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for
Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution
reports submitted to the SESAs by employers. In addition to the quarterly
contribution reports, employers who operate multiple establishments within
a state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report,"
which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of
their establishments. Average annual pay data are derived from summaries
of employment and wages submitted by states to the Bureau of Labor
Statistics.
UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to
state. In 1996, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 118.0 million
jobs. The estimated 112.9 million workers in these jobs (because they
include multiple job holders) represent 97.3 percent of wage and salary
civilian employment. Covered workers received $3.415 trillion in pay,
representing 94.0 percent of the wage and salary component of personal
income and 44.7 percent of the gross domestic product.
Major exclusions from UI coverage during 1996 included most
agricultural workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces,
elected officials in most states, most employees of railroads, some
domestic workers, most student workers at schools, and employees of certain
small nonprofit organizations.
Concepts and methodology
Average annual pay is computed by dividing total annual pay of
employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number of these
employees. Included in the annual payroll data are bonuses, the cash value
of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other gratuities, and, in some
states, employer contributions to certain deferred compensation plans such
as 401(k) plans and stock options. Monthly employment is based on the
number of workers who worked during or received pay for the pay period
including the 12th of the month. With few exceptions, all employees of
covered firms are reported, including production and sales workers,
corporation officials, executives, supervisory personnel, and clerical
workers. Workers on paid vacations and part-time workers also are
included. Percentage changes in average annual pay for 1996 were computed
using final 1995 data as a base.
Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time
workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying
occupations. When comparing average annual pay levels between industries
and/or states, these factors should be taken into consideration. Annual
pay data only approximate annual earnings, because an individual may not be
employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one
employer. Year-to-year changes in average annual pay can result from a
change in the proportion of employment in high- and low- wage jobs, as well
as from changes in the level of average annual pay.
Employment and wage data presented in this release are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual.
In order to insure the highest possible quality of data, State Employment
Security Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the SIC,
location, and ownership classification of all establishments on a 3-year
cycle. Changes in establishment classification codes resulting from the
verification process are introduced with the data reported for the first
quarter of the year. Changes resulting from improved employer reporting
also are introduced in the first quarter. For these reasons, some data,
especially at more detailed industry levels, may not be strictly comparable
with earlier years.
- 4 -
Data in table 4 are presented separately for the private sector and for
government. Government data include federal, state, and local
establishments.
A few covered employers provided insufficient information on the nature
of their businesses to assign a specific SIC classification and therefore
could not be classified by industry division. The wages for these
nonclassifiable establishments, along with data for the agricultural
division, are not shown separately, but are included in the averages for
state and national totals.
Additional statistics and other information
BLS issues two other regular reports which provide data from state UI
and UCFE programs. A news release on average annual pay for the nation's
metropolitan areas is scheduled to be issued in October. Also published
from this program is the comprehensive bulletin, Employment and Wages,
which features information by detailed industry on establishments,
employment, and wages for the nation and all states. The report, which is
due to be issued in late 1997, will be for sale from the BLS Publications
Sales Center, P.O. Box 2145, Chicago, Illinois 60690.
This news release, along with other BLS statistics and information, is
available via the Internet at the BLS World Wide Web site
(http://stats.bls.gov:80/newsrels.htm). Information in this release will
be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice
phone: 202-606-STAT; TDD phone: 202-606-5897; TDD message referral
phone number: 1-800-326-2577.
Table 1. State average annual pay for 1995 and 1996 and percent change in pay
for all covered workers 1/
Percent
State Average annual pay change,
1995 1996 2/ 1995-96 3/
UNITED STATES.............................................$ 27,846 $ 28,945 3.9
Alabama................................................... 24,396 25,180 3.2
Alaska.................................................... 32,685 32,461 -0.7
Arizona................................................... 25,324 26,387 4.2
Arkansas.................................................. 21,590 22,294 3.3
California................................................ 30,717 31,773 3.4
Colorado.................................................. 27,122 28,520 5.2
Connecticut............................................... 35,127 36,579 4.1
Delaware.................................................. 29,123 30,711 5.5
District of Columbia...................................... 42,453 44,458 4.7
Florida................................................... 24,709 25,640 3.8
Georgia................................................... 26,308 27,488 4.5
Hawaii.................................................... 26,977 27,363 1.4
Idaho..................................................... 22,839 23,353 2.3
Illinois.................................................. 30,101 31,285 3.9
Indiana................................................... 25,571 26,477 3.5
Iowa...................................................... 22,875 23,679 3.5
Kansas.................................................... 23,709 24,609 3.8
Kentucky.................................................. 23,502 24,462 4.1
Louisiana................................................. 23,895 24,528 2.7
Maine..................................................... 23,125 23,850 3.1
Maryland.................................................. 29,143 30,293 3.9
Massachusetts............................................. 32,352 33,940 4.9
Michigan.................................................. 30,545 31,522 3.2
Minnesota................................................. 27,363 28,869 5.5
Mississippi............................................... 21,120 21,822 3.3
Missouri.................................................. 25,669 26,608 3.7
Montana................................................... 20,516 21,146 3.1
Nebraska.................................................. 22,389 23,291 4.0
Nevada.................................................... 26,647 27,788 4.3
New Hampshire............................................. 26,637 27,691 4.0
New Jersey................................................ 34,533 35,928 4.0
New Mexico................................................ 23,040 23,716 2.9
New York.................................................. 34,938 36,831 5.4
North Carolina............................................ 24,403 25,408 4.1
North Dakota.............................................. 20,492 21,242 3.7
Ohio...................................................... 26,868 27,775 3.4
Oklahoma.................................................. 22,671 23,329 2.9
Oregon.................................................... 25,833 27,027 4.6
Pennsylvania.............................................. 27,904 28,973 3.8
Rhode Island.............................................. 26,375 27,194 3.1
South Carolina............................................ 23,292 24,039 3.2
South Dakota.............................................. 19,931 20,724 4.0
Tennessee................................................. 25,046 25,963 3.7
Texas..................................................... 26,899 28,129 4.6
Utah...................................................... 23,626 24,572 4.0
Vermont................................................... 23,583 24,480 3.8
Virginia.................................................. 26,899 28,001 4.1
Washington................................................ 27,453 28,881 5.2
West Virginia............................................. 23,488 24,075 2.5
Wisconsin................................................. 25,099 26,021 3.7
Wyoming................................................... 22,351 22,870 2.3
1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs.
2/ Data are preliminary.
3/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and
may differ from those computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.
================================================================================================
Table 2. States ranked by average annual pay for 1996, 1995 and 1996 pay levels,
and percent change in pay for all covered workers 1/
Percent
State Average annual pay change,
1995 1996 2/ 1995-96 3/
District of Columbia......................................$ 42,453 $ 44,458 4.7
New York.................................................. 34,938 36,831 5.4
Connecticut............................................... 35,127 36,579 4.1
New Jersey................................................ 34,533 35,928 4.0
Massachusetts............................................. 32,352 33,940 4.9
Alaska.................................................... 32,685 32,461 -0.7
California................................................ 30,717 31,773 3.4
Michigan.................................................. 30,545 31,522 3.2
Illinois.................................................. 30,101 31,285 3.9
Delaware.................................................. 29,123 30,711 5.5
Maryland.................................................. 29,143 30,293 3.9
Pennsylvania.............................................. 27,904 28,973 3.8
UNITED STATES............................................. 27,846 28,945 3.9
Washington................................................ 27,453 28,881 5.2
Minnesota................................................. 27,363 28,869 5.5
Colorado.................................................. 27,122 28,520 5.2
Texas..................................................... 26,899 28,129 4.6
Virginia.................................................. 26,899 28,001 4.1
Nevada.................................................... 26,647 27,788 4.3
Ohio...................................................... 26,868 27,775 3.4
New Hampshire............................................. 26,637 27,691 4.0
Georgia................................................... 26,308 27,488 4.5
Hawaii.................................................... 26,977 27,363 1.4
Rhode Island.............................................. 26,375 27,194 3.1
Oregon.................................................... 25,833 27,027 4.6
Missouri.................................................. 25,669 26,608 3.7
Indiana................................................... 25,571 26,477 3.5
Arizona................................................... 25,324 26,387 4.2
Wisconsin................................................. 25,099 26,021 3.7
Tennessee................................................. 25,046 25,963 3.7
Florida................................................... 24,709 25,640 3.8
North Carolina............................................ 24,403 25,408 4.1
Alabama................................................... 24,396 25,180 3.2
Kansas.................................................... 23,709 24,609 3.8
Utah...................................................... 23,626 24,572 4.0
Louisiana................................................. 23,895 24,528 2.7
Vermont................................................... 23,583 24,480 3.8
Kentucky.................................................. 23,502 24,462 4.1
West Virginia............................................. 23,488 24,075 2.5
South Carolina............................................ 23,292 24,039 3.2
Maine..................................................... 23,125 23,850 3.1
New Mexico................................................ 23,040 23,716 2.9
Iowa...................................................... 22,875 23,679 3.5
Idaho..................................................... 22,839 23,353 2.3
Oklahoma.................................................. 22,671 23,329 2.9
Nebraska.................................................. 22,389 23,291 4.0
Wyoming................................................... 22,351 22,870 2.3
Arkansas.................................................. 21,590 22,294 3.3
Mississippi............................................... 21,120 21,822 3.3
North Dakota.............................................. 20,492 21,242 3.7
Montana................................................... 20,516 21,146 3.1
South Dakota.............................................. 19,931 20,724 4.0
1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs.
2/ Data are preliminary.
3/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and
may differ from those computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.
================================================================================================
Table 3. States ranked by 1995 to 1996 growth in annual pay, 1995 and 1996 pay
levels, and percent change in pay for all covered workers 1/
Percent
State Average annual pay change,
1995 1996 2/ 1995-96 3/
Delaware..................................................$ 29,123 $ 30,711 5.5
Minnesota................................................. 27,363 28,869 5.5
New York.................................................. 34,938 36,831 5.4
Colorado.................................................. 27,122 28,520 5.2
Washington................................................ 27,453 28,881 5.2
Massachusetts............................................. 32,352 33,940 4.9
District of Columbia...................................... 42,453 44,458 4.7
Oregon.................................................... 25,833 27,027 4.6
Texas..................................................... 26,899 28,129 4.6
Georgia................................................... 26,308 27,488 4.5
Nevada.................................................... 26,647 27,788 4.3
Arizona................................................... 25,324 26,387 4.2
Connecticut............................................... 35,127 36,579 4.1
Kentucky.................................................. 23,502 24,462 4.1
North Carolina............................................ 24,403 25,408 4.1
Virginia.................................................. 26,899 28,001 4.1
Nebraska.................................................. 22,389 23,291 4.0
New Hampshire............................................. 26,637 27,691 4.0
New Jersey................................................ 34,533 35,928 4.0
South Dakota.............................................. 19,931 20,724 4.0
Utah...................................................... 23,626 24,572 4.0
Illinois.................................................. 30,101 31,285 3.9
Maryland.................................................. 29,143 30,293 3.9
UNITED STATES............................................. 27,846 28,945 3.9
Florida................................................... 24,709 25,640 3.8
Kansas.................................................... 23,709 24,609 3.8
Pennsylvania.............................................. 27,904 28,973 3.8
Vermont................................................... 23,583 24,480 3.8
Missouri.................................................. 25,669 26,608 3.7
North Dakota.............................................. 20,492 21,242 3.7
Tennessee................................................. 25,046 25,963 3.7
Wisconsin................................................. 25,099 26,021 3.7
Indiana................................................... 25,571 26,477 3.5
Iowa...................................................... 22,875 23,679 3.5
California................................................ 30,717 31,773 3.4
Ohio...................................................... 26,868 27,775 3.4
Arkansas.................................................. 21,590 22,294 3.3
Mississippi............................................... 21,120 21,822 3.3
Alabama................................................... 24,396 25,180 3.2
Michigan.................................................. 30,545 31,522 3.2
South Carolina............................................ 23,292 24,039 3.2
Maine..................................................... 23,125 23,850 3.1
Montana................................................... 20,516 21,146 3.1
Rhode Island.............................................. 26,375 27,194 3.1
New Mexico................................................ 23,040 23,716 2.9
Oklahoma.................................................. 22,671 23,329 2.9
Louisiana................................................. 23,895 24,528 2.7
West Virginia............................................. 23,488 24,075 2.5
Idaho..................................................... 22,839 23,353 2.3
Wyoming................................................... 22,351 22,870 2.3
Hawaii.................................................... 26,977 27,363 1.4
Alaska.................................................... 32,685 32,461 -0.7
1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs.
2/ Data are preliminary.
3/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and
may differ from those computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.
================================================================================================
Table 4. State and industry average annual pay for 1995 and 1996 and percent change
in pay for all covered workers 1/
Percent
State and industry Average annual pay change,
1995 1996 2/ 1995-96 3/
United States
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 27,441 $ 28,581 4.2
Mining............................................... 45,278 47,612 5.2
Construction......................................... 29,228 30,340 3.8
Manufacturing........................................ 34,757 36,235 4.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 35,044 36,095 3.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 35,982 37,527 4.3
Retail trade......................................... 14,747 15,215 3.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 38,577 41,728 8.2
Services............................................. 26,157 27,213 4.0
Government............................................. 29,957 30,878 3.1
Alabama
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,719 24,592 3.7
Mining............................................... 44,043 45,860 4.1
Construction......................................... 23,546 24,981 6.1
Manufacturing........................................ 27,451 28,705 4.6
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,365 34,253 2.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 30,212 31,076 2.9
Retail trade......................................... 13,271 13,663 2.9
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 29,226 31,292 7.1
Services............................................. 23,566 24,319 3.2
Government............................................. 27,399 27,835 1.6
Alaska
Private 4/
Total................................................ 30,369 30,548 0.6
Mining............................................... 77,318 80,188 3.7
Construction......................................... 45,332 45,427 0.2
Manufacturing........................................ 29,820 29,205 -2.1
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 39,660 39,558 -0.3
Wholesale trade...................................... 33,514 33,761 0.7
Retail trade......................................... 17,991 18,325 1.9
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 30,467 31,563 3.6
Services............................................. 24,938 25,128 0.8
Government............................................. 39,053 37,783 -3.3
Arizona
Private 4/
Total................................................ 24,880 25,923 4.2
Mining............................................... 42,784 49,075 14.7
Construction......................................... 26,041 26,726 2.6
Manufacturing........................................ 35,742 37,168 4.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,604 33,141 1.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 32,355 34,065 5.3
Retail trade......................................... 15,183 16,075 5.9
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 31,732 33,528 5.7
Services............................................. 23,419 24,186 3.3
Government............................................. 27,662 28,954 4.7
Arkansas
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 21,132 $ 21,832 3.3
Mining............................................... 29,913 30,422 1.7
Construction......................................... 22,313 23,318 4.5
Manufacturing........................................ 23,805 24,811 4.2
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 29,623 30,103 1.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 27,444 28,540 4.0
Retail trade......................................... 13,537 13,828 2.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 26,459 27,793 5.0
Services............................................. 19,817 20,576 3.8
Government............................................. 24,044 24,760 3.0
California
Private 4/
Total................................................ 30,023 31,183 3.9
Mining............................................... 52,375 54,222 3.5
Construction......................................... 32,278 32,636 1.1
Manufacturing........................................ 38,518 39,810 3.4
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 37,507 38,543 2.8
Wholesale trade...................................... 37,649 39,433 4.7
Retail trade......................................... 16,892 17,276 2.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 40,099 43,306 8.0
Services............................................. 30,450 31,794 4.4
Government............................................. 34,359 34,945 1.7
Colorado
Private 4/
Total................................................ 26,769 28,182 5.3
Mining............................................... 50,719 56,029 10.5
Construction......................................... 28,434 29,870 5.1
Manufacturing........................................ 34,999 37,080 5.9
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 37,888 39,290 3.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 36,053 37,788 4.8
Retail trade......................................... 14,882 15,528 4.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,638 35,976 7.0
Services............................................. 25,801 27,212 5.5
Government............................................. 28,947 30,334 4.8
Connecticut
Private 4/
Total................................................ 34,939 36,439 4.3
Mining............................................... 50,032 50,909 1.8
Construction......................................... 36,436 37,777 3.7
Manufacturing........................................ 44,667 47,045 5.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 40,764 41,246 1.2
Wholesale trade...................................... 47,549 49,449 4.0
Retail trade......................................... 17,435 17,806 2.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 52,860 57,686 9.1
Services............................................. 31,025 32,272 4.0
Government............................................. 36,394 37,539 3.1
Delaware
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 28,935 $ 30,592 5.7
Mining............................................... 32,335 33,689 4.2
Construction......................................... 28,345 31,445 10.9
Manufacturing........................................ 46,873 50,692 8.1
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,914 34,738 2.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 34,674 36,082 4.1
Retail trade......................................... 14,305 14,993 4.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,254 36,109 8.6
Services............................................. 24,536 25,963 5.8
Government............................................. 30,318 31,476 3.8
District of Columbia
Private 4/
Total................................................ 38,030 40,195 5.7
Mining............................................... 110,631 131,091 18.5
Construction......................................... 32,948 34,814 5.7
Manufacturing........................................ 50,589 52,970 4.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 53,921 55,710 3.3
Wholesale trade...................................... 47,382 51,434 8.6
Retail trade......................................... 15,971 16,260 1.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 49,503 56,463 14.1
Services............................................. 39,095 41,075 5.1
Government............................................. 48,956 51,008 4.2
Florida
Private 4/
Total................................................ 24,100 25,045 3.9
Mining............................................... 37,034 41,991 13.4
Construction......................................... 25,149 26,184 4.1
Manufacturing........................................ 30,989 31,946 3.1
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,425 32,933 1.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 34,164 35,783 4.7
Retail trade......................................... 15,117 15,621 3.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 32,955 34,918 6.0
Services............................................. 24,011 24,961 4.0
Government............................................. 28,158 29,093 3.3
Georgia
Private 4/
Total................................................ 26,444 27,611 4.4
Mining............................................... 38,172 38,531 0.9
Construction......................................... 26,408 27,758 5.1
Manufacturing........................................ 28,857 30,595 6.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 38,341 39,981 4.3
Wholesale trade...................................... 37,919 39,620 4.5
Retail trade......................................... 14,321 14,848 3.7
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 36,023 38,526 6.9
Services............................................. 26,062 26,970 3.5
Government............................................. 25,633 26,852 4.8
Hawaii
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 25,914 $ 26,371 1.8
Mining............................................... 50,810 50,042 -1.5
Construction......................................... 41,695 42,365 1.6
Manufacturing........................................ 29,166 29,884 2.5
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,195 34,429 3.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 31,050 31,312 0.8
Retail trade......................................... 16,617 16,849 1.4
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 31,483 33,162 5.3
Services............................................. 25,979 26,369 1.5
Government............................................. 31,204 31,346 0.5
Idaho
Private 4/
Total................................................ 22,621 23,047 1.9
Mining............................................... 35,278 35,944 1.9
Construction......................................... 26,106 25,910 -0.8
Manufacturing........................................ 32,494 32,274 -0.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 27,845 28,434 2.1
Wholesale trade...................................... 24,918 26,074 4.6
Retail trade......................................... 13,238 13,783 4.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 26,277 28,522 8.5
Services............................................. 21,978 22,261 1.3
Government............................................. 23,783 24,703 3.9
Illinois
Private 4/
Total................................................ 29,963 31,130 3.9
Mining............................................... 43,073 46,149 7.1
Construction......................................... 36,350 38,031 4.6
Manufacturing........................................ 37,158 38,343 3.2
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 36,933 37,676 2.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 39,539 41,233 4.3
Retail trade......................................... 15,201 15,668 3.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 42,398 45,427 7.1
Services............................................. 27,333 28,447 4.1
Government............................................. 30,949 32,256 4.2
Indiana
Private 4/
Total................................................ 25,434 26,379 3.7
Mining............................................... 40,039 42,112 5.2
Construction......................................... 29,008 29,997 3.4
Manufacturing........................................ 34,885 36,328 4.1
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 30,648 31,928 4.2
Wholesale trade...................................... 31,870 32,946 3.4
Retail trade......................................... 12,914 13,394 3.7
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 28,691 30,541 6.4
Services............................................. 21,727 22,586 4.0
Government............................................. 26,456 27,116 2.5
Iowa
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 22,371 $ 23,160 3.5
Mining............................................... 28,949 29,774 2.8
Construction......................................... 27,149 28,295 4.2
Manufacturing........................................ 30,706 31,707 3.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 28,732 29,449 2.5
Wholesale trade...................................... 27,829 29,141 4.7
Retail trade......................................... 12,036 12,422 3.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 29,131 30,950 6.2
Services............................................. 19,278 19,988 3.7
Government............................................. 25,513 26,420 3.6
Kansas
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,612 24,574 4.1
Mining............................................... 29,740 30,311 1.9
Construction......................................... 25,747 26,762 3.9
Manufacturing........................................ 31,112 32,967 6.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 31,581 32,095 1.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 31,809 33,238 4.5
Retail trade......................................... 13,010 13,396 3.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 28,791 30,174 4.8
Services............................................. 21,543 22,281 3.4
Government............................................. 24,123 24,764 2.7
Kentucky
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,166 24,130 4.2
Mining............................................... 38,440 40,254 4.7
Construction......................................... 24,270 25,446 4.8
Manufacturing........................................ 30,053 31,631 5.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 30,519 32,272 5.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 29,329 30,104 2.6
Retail trade......................................... 12,717 13,190 3.7
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 28,435 29,994 5.5
Services............................................. 21,103 21,881 3.7
Government............................................. 25,200 26,167 3.8
Louisiana
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,999 24,732 3.1
Mining............................................... 42,735 44,695 4.6
Construction......................................... 25,382 26,753 5.4
Manufacturing........................................ 33,878 35,137 3.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,126 32,570 1.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 29,556 30,592 3.5
Retail trade......................................... 12,985 13,168 1.4
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 28,595 29,442 3.0
Services............................................. 21,962 22,626 3.0
Government............................................. 23,472 23,685 0.9
Maine
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 22,491 $ 23,288 3.5
Mining............................................... 22,002 21,012 -4.5
Construction......................................... 24,153 26,005 7.7
Manufacturing........................................ 29,380 30,521 3.9
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 28,755 29,159 1.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 29,344 30,532 4.1
Retail trade......................................... 13,780 14,126 2.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 30,874 32,153 4.1
Services............................................. 21,257 21,970 3.4
Government............................................. 26,269 26,686 1.6
Maryland
Private 4/
Total................................................ 27,822 28,945 4.0
Mining............................................... 35,991 36,777 2.2
Construction......................................... 29,788 31,072 4.3
Manufacturing........................................ 36,723 38,074 3.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 35,612 36,925 3.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 37,615 39,392 4.7
Retail trade......................................... 15,912 16,365 2.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 36,248 38,925 7.4
Services............................................. 28,499 29,511 3.5
Government............................................. 34,789 36,145 3.9
Massachusetts
Private 4/
Total................................................ 32,154 33,765 5.0
Mining............................................... 35,143 34,426 -2.0
Construction......................................... 35,849 37,618 4.9
Manufacturing........................................ 40,813 42,635 4.5
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 36,544 37,303 2.1
Wholesale trade...................................... 43,055 45,641 6.0
Retail trade......................................... 16,064 16,853 4.9
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 47,000 51,310 9.2
Services............................................. 31,191 32,613 4.6
Government............................................. 33,685 35,135 4.3
Michigan
Private 4/
Total................................................ 30,448 31,406 3.1
Mining............................................... 38,869 40,545 4.3
Construction......................................... 32,442 33,587 3.5
Manufacturing........................................ 45,187 46,739 3.4
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 36,577 37,407 2.3
Wholesale trade...................................... 40,332 41,621 3.2
Retail trade......................................... 14,050 14,560 3.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 32,635 34,646 6.2
Services............................................. 25,896 26,866 3.7
Government............................................. 31,143 32,244 3.5
Minnesota
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 27,023 $ 28,554 5.7
Mining............................................... 42,902 45,768 6.7
Construction......................................... 33,393 35,176 5.3
Manufacturing........................................ 35,375 37,250 5.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,727 35,038 3.9
Wholesale trade...................................... 37,388 39,899 6.7
Retail trade......................................... 13,903 14,497 4.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 37,345 40,437 8.3
Services............................................. 23,937 25,282 5.6
Government............................................. 29,435 30,822 4.7
Mississippi
Private 4/
Total................................................ 20,734 21,461 3.5
Mining............................................... 30,028 31,662 5.4
Construction......................................... 22,063 23,233 5.3
Manufacturing........................................ 23,310 24,334 4.4
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 29,741 30,634 3.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 27,179 28,274 4.0
Retail trade......................................... 12,369 12,747 3.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 26,057 26,835 3.0
Services............................................. 20,275 20,978 3.5
Government............................................. 22,747 23,349 2.6
Missouri
Private 4/
Total................................................ 25,604 26,551 3.7
Mining............................................... 36,512 37,073 1.5
Construction......................................... 30,127 31,194 3.5
Manufacturing........................................ 33,103 34,315 3.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,095 34,103 3.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 33,706 34,901 3.5
Retail trade......................................... 13,838 14,243 2.9
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 31,767 33,657 6.0
Services............................................. 23,573 24,545 4.1
Government............................................. 26,033 26,926 3.4
Montana
Private 4/
Total................................................ 19,536 20,082 2.8
Mining............................................... 41,974 41,566 -1.0
Construction......................................... 24,964 25,433 1.9
Manufacturing........................................ 25,678 26,856 4.6
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 28,970 29,134 0.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 25,755 26,612 3.3
Retail trade......................................... 12,116 12,382 2.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 24,532 25,988 5.9
Services............................................. 18,367 18,999 3.4
Government............................................. 24,391 25,440 4.3
Nebraska
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 21,878 $ 22,823 4.3
Mining............................................... 26,225 27,425 4.6
Construction......................................... 26,053 28,049 7.7
Manufacturing........................................ 27,835 28,857 3.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 29,951 30,460 1.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 26,345 27,459 4.2
Retail trade......................................... 12,099 12,627 4.4
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 29,094 30,433 4.6
Services............................................. 20,835 21,964 5.4
Government............................................. 24,697 25,461 3.1
Nevada
Private 4/
Total................................................ 25,809 26,931 4.3
Mining............................................... 46,279 48,957 5.8
Construction......................................... 31,599 34,507 9.2
Manufacturing........................................ 30,094 31,905 6.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 30,922 32,039 3.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 33,139 34,805 5.0
Retail trade......................................... 16,805 17,574 4.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 30,803 33,259 8.0
Services............................................. 25,227 25,647 1.7
Government............................................. 32,714 34,190 4.5
New Hampshire
Private 4/
Total................................................ 26,522 27,648 4.2
Mining............................................... 31,960 33,395 4.5
Construction......................................... 28,505 30,053 5.4
Manufacturing........................................ 34,607 36,378 5.1
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,144 34,326 3.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 42,086 42,392 0.7
Retail trade......................................... 15,040 15,535 3.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,590 35,338 5.2
Services............................................. 24,869 25,911 4.2
Government............................................. 27,391 27,972 2.1
New Jersey
Private 4/
Total................................................ 33,890 35,351 4.3
Mining............................................... 43,644 45,669 4.6
Construction......................................... 37,353 38,510 3.1
Manufacturing........................................ 42,171 44,126 4.6
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 41,769 43,381 3.9
Wholesale trade...................................... 43,697 45,405 3.9
Retail trade......................................... 17,820 18,366 3.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 45,469 50,391 10.8
Services............................................. 31,979 33,082 3.5
Government............................................. 38,122 39,194 2.8
New Mexico
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 21,893 $ 22,604 3.2
Mining............................................... 36,630 39,212 7.0
Construction......................................... 22,963 23,392 1.9
Manufacturing........................................ 28,067 29,630 5.6
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 30,273 30,431 0.5
Wholesale trade...................................... 27,368 28,215 3.1
Retail trade......................................... 13,408 13,884 3.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 25,719 26,336 2.4
Services............................................. 23,190 23,907 3.1
Government............................................. 27,116 27,700 2.2
New York
Private 4/
Total................................................ 34,667 36,714 5.9
Mining............................................... 44,033 46,855 6.4
Construction......................................... 35,596 36,856 3.5
Manufacturing........................................ 39,589 41,843 5.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 40,019 41,922 4.8
Wholesale trade...................................... 42,535 44,171 3.8
Retail trade......................................... 16,425 16,890 2.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 65,618 75,051 14.4
Services............................................. 30,461 31,555 3.6
Government............................................. 36,245 37,405 3.2
North Carolina
Private 4/
Total................................................ 24,122 25,168 4.3
Mining............................................... 36,265 37,068 2.2
Construction......................................... 24,138 25,199 4.4
Manufacturing........................................ 27,753 29,110 4.9
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 33,643 34,985 4.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 33,000 34,319 4.0
Retail trade......................................... 13,936 14,352 3.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,185 35,939 8.3
Services............................................. 22,689 23,743 4.6
Government............................................. 25,927 26,718 3.1
North Dakota
Private 4/
Total................................................ 19,964 20,754 4.0
Mining............................................... 37,014 37,130 0.3
Construction......................................... 24,853 26,587 7.0
Manufacturing........................................ 25,502 26,569 4.2
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 29,177 29,954 2.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 26,197 27,337 4.4
Retail trade......................................... 11,455 11,859 3.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 25,006 25,776 3.1
Services............................................. 18,645 19,357 3.8
Government............................................. 22,779 23,421 2.8
Ohio
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 26,562 $ 27,448 3.3
Mining............................................... 35,551 38,065 7.1
Construction......................................... 29,568 30,703 3.8
Manufacturing........................................ 37,228 38,356 3.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,416 33,329 2.8
Wholesale trade...................................... 35,214 36,423 3.4
Retail trade......................................... 13,646 14,126 3.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 31,242 33,157 6.1
Services............................................. 23,372 24,238 3.7
Government............................................. 28,780 29,848 3.7
Oklahoma
Private 4/
Total................................................ 22,268 22,901 2.8
Mining............................................... 40,814 42,395 3.9
Construction......................................... 22,523 23,408 3.9
Manufacturing........................................ 28,777 29,740 3.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,559 32,912 1.1
Wholesale trade...................................... 27,755 28,923 4.2
Retail trade......................................... 12,614 13,012 3.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 26,115 27,450 5.1
Services............................................. 20,387 20,838 2.2
Government............................................. 24,225 25,043 3.4
Oregon
Private 4/
Total................................................ 25,176 26,434 5.0
Mining............................................... 33,981 34,034 0.2
Construction......................................... 30,943 33,009 6.7
Manufacturing........................................ 33,229 34,870 4.9
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,589 33,556 3.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 34,570 36,962 6.9
Retail trade......................................... 15,140 15,857 4.7
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 30,219 32,445 7.4
Services............................................. 22,611 23,608 4.4
Government............................................. 29,392 30,321 3.2
Pennsylvania
Private 4/
Total................................................ 27,340 28,369 3.8
Mining............................................... 38,883 41,713 7.3
Construction......................................... 30,688 31,710 3.3
Manufacturing........................................ 34,803 36,328 4.4
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 34,945 36,124 3.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 35,129 36,230 3.1
Retail trade......................................... 14,143 14,515 2.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 35,096 38,056 8.4
Services............................................. 26,221 27,083 3.3
Government............................................. 31,536 32,909 4.4
Rhode Island
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 25,274 $ 26,129 3.4
Mining............................................... 29,662 30,998 4.5
Construction......................................... 30,379 31,086 2.3
Manufacturing........................................ 30,040 31,250 4.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 31,884 32,396 1.6
Wholesale trade...................................... 34,267 36,360 6.1
Retail trade......................................... 14,303 14,665 2.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,843 35,115 3.8
Services............................................. 24,827 25,661 3.4
Government............................................. 33,332 33,895 1.7
South Carolina
Private 4/
Total................................................ 22,938 23,637 3.0
Mining............................................... 32,531 34,056 4.7
Construction......................................... 24,478 26,050 6.4
Manufacturing........................................ 29,045 30,085 3.6
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 30,770 31,239 1.5
Wholesale trade...................................... 30,454 31,719 4.2
Retail trade......................................... 13,379 13,725 2.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 27,540 28,579 3.8
Services............................................. 21,120 21,811 3.3
Government............................................. 24,988 26,001 4.1
South Dakota
Private 4/
Total................................................ 19,244 20,111 4.5
Mining............................................... 36,545 38,603 5.6
Construction......................................... 22,612 23,503 3.9
Manufacturing........................................ 23,451 24,882 6.1
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 25,531 26,357 3.2
Wholesale trade...................................... 24,707 26,037 5.4
Retail trade......................................... 11,529 11,942 3.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 24,162 25,091 3.8
Services............................................. 18,644 19,303 3.5
Government............................................. 23,140 23,705 2.4
Tennessee
Private 4/
Total................................................ 24,749 25,724 3.9
Mining............................................... 34,908 37,346 7.0
Construction......................................... 26,252 27,223 3.7
Manufacturing........................................ 29,065 30,790 5.9
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 31,817 32,259 1.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 32,234 33,417 3.7
Retail trade......................................... 14,427 15,018 4.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 31,926 33,939 6.3
Services............................................. 23,849 24,489 2.7
Government............................................. 26,773 27,347 2.1
Texas
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 27,146 $ 28,421 4.7
Mining............................................... 53,694 56,568 5.4
Construction......................................... 27,518 28,912 5.1
Manufacturing........................................ 34,638 36,163 4.4
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 35,484 36,678 3.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 36,155 37,914 4.9
Retail trade......................................... 14,848 15,341 3.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,985 36,479 7.3
Services............................................. 25,381 26,662 5.0
Government............................................. 25,774 26,765 3.8
Utah
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,156 24,103 4.1
Mining............................................... 41,813 44,000 5.2
Construction......................................... 24,503 25,092 2.4
Manufacturing........................................ 28,705 30,196 5.2
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,074 32,556 1.5
Wholesale trade...................................... 29,905 31,539 5.5
Retail trade......................................... 13,637 14,237 4.4
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 27,637 29,562 7.0
Services............................................. 22,371 23,091 3.2
Government............................................. 25,840 26,867 4.0
Vermont
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,122 24,040 4.0
Mining............................................... 27,301 28,417 4.1
Construction......................................... 24,404 25,471 4.4
Manufacturing........................................ 31,664 33,019 4.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 29,977 30,616 2.1
Wholesale trade...................................... 29,636 30,341 2.4
Retail trade......................................... 13,641 13,998 2.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 30,153 32,166 6.7
Services............................................. 21,233 22,225 4.7
Government............................................. 25,961 26,786 3.2
Virginia
Private 4/
Total................................................ 26,108 27,315 4.6
Mining............................................... 38,292 39,680 3.6
Construction......................................... 25,857 26,786 3.6
Manufacturing........................................ 30,630 31,999 4.5
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 35,310 37,330 5.7
Wholesale trade...................................... 36,532 38,341 5.0
Retail trade......................................... 14,340 14,746 2.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 33,432 35,759 7.0
Services............................................. 27,277 28,602 4.9
Government............................................. 30,244 30,986 2.5
Washington
Private 4/
Total................................................$ 26,704 $ 28,217 5.7
Mining............................................... 40,784 40,793 0.0
Construction......................................... 29,569 30,696 3.8
Manufacturing........................................ 37,469 39,086 4.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 34,899 35,881 2.8
Wholesale trade...................................... 33,095 34,880 5.4
Retail trade......................................... 15,549 16,083 3.4
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 32,159 34,430 7.1
Services............................................. 25,810 28,057 8.7
Government............................................. 30,862 31,961 3.6
West Virginia
Private 4/
Total................................................ 23,144 23,724 2.5
Mining............................................... 44,870 46,173 2.9
Construction......................................... 24,785 25,747 3.9
Manufacturing........................................ 32,613 33,678 3.3
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 32,134 33,090 3.0
Wholesale trade...................................... 27,967 29,181 4.3
Retail trade......................................... 12,053 12,295 2.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 23,371 24,591 5.2
Services............................................. 20,340 20,907 2.8
Government............................................. 24,907 25,500 2.4
Wisconsin
Private 4/
Total................................................ 24,544 25,505 3.9
Mining............................................... 35,165 35,998 2.4
Construction......................................... 30,386 31,902 5.0
Manufacturing........................................ 32,279 33,464 3.7
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 29,273 29,983 2.4
Wholesale trade...................................... 31,497 32,787 4.1
Retail trade......................................... 12,478 12,916 3.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 30,022 31,811 6.0
Services............................................. 21,585 22,558 4.5
Government............................................. 28,666 29,365 2.4
Wyoming
Private 4/
Total................................................ 21,700 22,264 2.6
Mining............................................... 43,671 44,926 2.9
Construction......................................... 23,801 24,634 3.5
Manufacturing........................................ 26,559 29,486 11.0
Transportation, communications, and public utilities. 31,612 31,664 0.2
Wholesale trade...................................... 26,774 27,793 3.8
Retail trade......................................... 12,008 12,372 3.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................. 25,406 27,247 7.2
Services............................................. 17,660 18,048 2.2
Government............................................. 24,309 24,708 1.6
1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs.
2/ Data are preliminary.
3/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and
may differ from those computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.
4/ Includes data for industries in addition to those shown separately.
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