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Dayton & Montgomery Co
Public Library
APR 4
1968
I The Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, Metropolitan Area
November 1967
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES
New England
J ohn F . K en n ed y F e d e r a l B u ild in g
G o v e rn m e n t C en ter
R o o m 1 6 0 3 -B
B o s t o n , M a s s . 0 22 03
T e l . : 2 2 3 -6 7 6 2
Mid-Atlantic
341 N inth A v e .
N ew Y o r k , N . Y . 10001
T e l . : 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5
Southern
1371 P e a c h t r e e S t . , NE,
A tla n ta , G a . 3 0309
T e l . : 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8
North Central
219 S outh D e a r b o r n St.
C h i c a g o , 111. 6 0604
T e l . : 3 5 3 -7 2 3 0
Pacific
450 G o ld e n G a te A v e .
B o x 36017
San F r a n c i s c o , C a li f . 9 4 1 0 2
T e l . : 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8
Mountain-Plains
F e d e r a l O f f i c e B u ild in g
T h ir d F l o o r
911 W a ln u t St.
K a n s a s C ity , M o . 64106
T e l . : 3 7 4 -2 4 8 1
Area Wage Survey
The Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, Metropolitan Area
November 1967
Bulletin No. 1575-25
February 1968
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner
For sole by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 25 cents
Preface
Contents
Page
The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual
occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is de
signed to provide data on occupational earnings, and estab
lishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. It
yields detailed data by selected industry division for each
of the areas studied, for geographic regions, and for the
United States. A major consideration in the program is
the heed for greater insight into (1) the movement of wages
by occupational category and skill level, and (2) the struc
ture and level of wages among areas and industry divisions.
Introduction_______________________________________________________________
Wage trends for selected occupational groups__________________________
Tables:
1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and
number studied__________________________________________________
2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time
hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and
percents of increase for selected periods______________________
At the end of each survey, an individual area bul
letin presents survey results for each area studied. After
completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a
round of surveys, a two-part summary bulletin is issued.
The first part brings data for each of the metropolitan
areas studied into one bulletin. The second part presents
information which has been projected from individual met
ropolitan area data to relate to geographic regions and the
United States.
A.
3
4
Occupational earnings:*
A - l . Office occupations—men and women_______________________
A - 2. Professional and technical occupations—menand women..
A - 3. Office, professional, and technical occupations—
men and women combined________________________________
A -4 . Maintenance and power plant occupations__________________
A -5 . Custodial and material movemelit occupations___________
9
10
11
B. Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:*
B -l. Minimum entrance salaries for women officeworkers___
B -2. Shift differentials__________________________________________
B-3. Scheduled weekly hours___________________________________
B -4. Paid holidays_______________________________________________
B-5. Paid vacations_____________________________________________
B-6. Health, insurance, and pension plans_____________________
B-7. Premium pay for overtime work__________________________
13
14
15
16
17
20
21
Appendix. Occupational descriptions___________________________________
22
Eighty-six areas currently are included in the
program. In each area, information on occupational earn
ings is collected annually and on establishment practices
and supplementary wage provisions biennially.
This bulletin presents results of the survey in
Youngstown-Warren, Ohio, in November 1967. The Stand
ard Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Bureau
of the Budget through April 1967, consists of Mahoning
and Trumbull Counties. This study was conducted in the
Bureau's regional office in Chicago, 111., Thomas J.
McArdle, Director. The study was under the general
direction of Woodrow C. Linn, Assistant Regional Director
of Operations.
1
4
areas.
* NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other
(See inside back cover.)
A current report on earnings in the YoungstownWarren area is also available for selected food service
occupations (November 1967). Union scales, indicative of
prevailing pay levels, are available for seven selected
building trades.
Hi
6
8
Area Wage Survey
The Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, Metropolitan Area
Introduction
This area is 1 of 86 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's
Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings
and related benefits on an areawide basis.
In this area, data were
obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists to repre
sentative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manu
facturing; transportation, communication, and other public utilities;
wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and
services.
Major industry groups excluded from these studies are
government operations and the construction and extractive industries.
Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are
omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the
occupations studied to warrant inclusion.
Separate tabulations are
provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet pub
lication criteria.
allowances and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours
are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the
standard workweek (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which em
ployees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay
for overtime at regular and/or premium rates). Average weekly earn
ings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar.
The averages presented reflect composite, areawide esti
mates.
Industries and establishments differ in pay level and job
staffing and, thus, contribute differently to the estimates for each job.
The pay relationship obtainable from the averages may fail to reflect
accurately the wage spread or differential maintained among jobs in
individual establishments.
Similarly, differences in average pay
levels for men and women in any of the selected occupations should
not be assumed to reflect differences in pay treatment of the sexes
within individual establishments. Other possible factors which may
contribute to differences in pay for men and women include: Differ
ences in progression within established rate ranges, since only the
actual rates paid incumbents are collected; and differences in specific
duties performed, although the workers are classified appropriately
within the same survey job description. Job descriptions used in
classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized
than those used in individual establishments and allow for minor
differences among establishments in the specific duties performed.
These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of
the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments.
To
obtain optimum accuracy‘ at minimum cost, a greater proportion of
large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data,
however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight.
E s
timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore,
as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area,
except for those below the minimum size studied.
Occupations and Earnings
Occupational employment estimates represent the total in
all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number
actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure
among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment ob
tained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate
the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in
occupational structure do not affect materially the accuracy of the
earnings data.
The occupations selected for study are common to a variety
of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the
following types: (1) Office clerical; (2) professional and technical;
(3) maintenance and powerplant; and (4) custodial and material move
ment.
Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job
descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment variation
in duties within the same job.
The occupations selected for study
are listed and described in the appendix. The earnings data following
the job titles are for all industries combined. Earnings data for some
of the occupations listed and described, or for some industry divisions
within occupations, are not presented in the A -series tables, because
either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough
data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possibility of disclosure
of individual establishment data.
Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Information is presented (in the B-series tables) on selected
establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions as they
relate to plant and office workers. Administrative, executive, and
professional employees, and construction workers who are utilized
as a separate work force are excluded. "Plant workers" include
working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. "Office workers"
include working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing
clerical or related functions. Cafeteria workers and routemen are
excluded in manufacturing industries, but included in nonmanufacturing
industries.
Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for
full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule
in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre
mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and
late shifts.
Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living
1
2
Minimum entrance salaries for women office workers (table
B -l) relate only to the establishments visited. Because of the optimum
sampling techniques used, and the probability that large establish
ments are more likely to have formal entrance rates for workers
above the subclerical level than small establishments, the table is
more-representative of policies in medium and large establishments.
Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to plant workers
in manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in
terms of (1) establishment policy, 1 presented in terms of total plant
worker employment, and (2) effective practice, presented in terms of
workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the
survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount
applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority,
the classification "other" was used. In establishments in which some
late-shift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded
only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours.
The scheduled weekly hours (table B-3) of a majority of the
first-shift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to
all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Scheduled
weekly hours are those which full-time employees were expected to
work, whether they were paid for at straight-time or overtime rates.
Paid holidays; paid vacations; health, insurance, and pension
plans; and premium pay for overtime work (tables B -4 through B-7)
are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all
plant or office ,workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or
may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual
items in tables B -2 through B -7 may not equal totals because of
rounding.
Data on paid holidays (table B-4) are limited to data on holi
days granted annually on a formal basis; i.e ., (1) are provided for
in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holidays
ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a non
workday and the worker is not granted another day off. The first
part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half
holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half
holidays to show total holiday time.
Data on health, insurance, and pension plans (table B-6) in
clude those plans for which the employer pays at least a part of the
cost. Such plans include those underwritten by a commerical insurance
company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by
•the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside
for this purpose. An establishment was considered to have a plan
if the majority of employees were eligible to be covered under the
plan, even if less than a majority elected to participate because em
ployees were required to contribute toward the cost of the plan. Le
gally required plans, such as workmen's compensation, social se
curity, and railroad retirement were excluded.
Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of
insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly
to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident
disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the
employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which
have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em
ployer contributions,2 plans are included only if the employer (1) con
tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee
with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations
of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans3 which provide
full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work
because of illness. Separate tabulations are presented according to
(1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans
which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to
the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided
sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated
total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits.
Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as major med
ical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect
employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond
the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans.
Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial
payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com
mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may
be paid for by the employer out of a fund set aside for this purpose.
Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans
that provide regular payments for the remainder of the worker's life.
The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to a
statistical measure of vacation provisions. It is not intended as a
measure of the proportion of workers actually receiving specific bene
fits. Provisions of an establishment for all lengths of service were
tabulated as applying to all plant or office workers of the establish
ment, regardless of length of service. Provisions for payment on
other than a time basis were converted to a time basis; for example,
a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equiv
alent of 1 week's pay. Estimates exclude vacation-savings plans and
those which offer "extended" or "sabbatical" benefits beyond basic
plans to workers with qualifying lengths of service. Typical of such
exclusions are plans in the steel, aluminum, and can industries.
Data on overtime premium pay (table B -7), the hours after
which premium pay is received and the corresponding rate of pay, are
presented by daily and weekly provisions. Daily overtime refers to
work in excess of a specified number of hours a day regardless of
the number of hours worked on other days of the pay period. Weekly
overtime refers to work in excess of a specified number of hours
per week regardless of the day on which it is performed, the number
of hours per day, or number of days worked.
* An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following
conditions: .(1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1) had operated late
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating
late shifts.
The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer
contributions.
An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the
minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee.
Such a plan need not be
written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.
3
T a b le 1.
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and W o r k e r s W ith in S c o p e o f S u r v e y a n d N u m b e r S tu d ie d in Y o u n g s to w n —W a r r e n , O h io ,
b y M a jo r I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n , 2 N o v e m b e r 1967
N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s
M in im u m
e m p lo y m e n t
in e s t a b l i s h
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f s tu d y
In d u s try d iv is io n
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s
W it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y
W ith in s c o p e
o f stu d y 3
S tu d ied
T o t a l4
S tu d ie d
P la n t
N u m ber
A l l d i v i s i o n s _________________
_______
_________
__________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________________
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , an d
o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 5
W h o l e s a le t r a d e
R e t a i l t r a d e _________________________________________
F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e _________
S e rv ice s 8
_
O ffice
P ercen t
T o t a l4
277
107
1 0 7 ,4 0 0
100
8 3 , 300
1 0 ,2 0 0
7 5 ,9 6 0
50
-
135
142
53
54
8 4 ,4 0 0
2 3 , 0 00
79
21
6 8 ,7 0 0
1 4 ,6 0 0
6, 700
3, 5 00
6 2 ,4 5 0
13, 510
50
50
50
50
50
28
18
53
15
28
15
6
15
6
12
6,
1,
10,
2,
2,
6
1
10
2
2
3, 200
8 00
5, 110
420
6 ,0 4 0
9 10
1, 030
5 00
3 00
700
300
200
(6 )
( 6)
( 7)
(6 )
(6)
( 6)
( 6)
(6)
1 T h e Y o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y the B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t t h r o u g h A p r i l 1 9 6 7 , c o n s i s t s o f M a h o n in g a n d T r u m b u ll C o u n t i e s .
The "w o r k e r s
w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h is t a b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e an d c o m p o s i t i o n o f the la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y .
T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e n ot
in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , t o s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w ith o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s f o r th e a r e a t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ~ ( l ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s the u s e
o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a t a c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , an d (2) s m a ll e s t a b l is h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1967 e d i t i o n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l is h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n .
3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m in im u m li m it a t io n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h in d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
a n d m o t i o n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 e s t a b l is h m e n t .
4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e p la n t a n d o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s .
5 T a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s in c i d e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n w e r e e x c l u d e d .
6 T h is in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , a n d f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n
o f d a ta f o r t h is d i v i s i o n is n o t m a d e f o r on e o r m o r e o f the fo l lo w i n g r e a s o n s : (1 ) E m p lo y m e n t in the d i v i s i o n is t o o s m a ll t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a ta t o m e r i t s e p a r a t e s t u d y , (2) the
s a m p le w a s
n o t d e s i g n e d i n i t i a l l y t o p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , (3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s in s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e t o p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , a n d (4 ) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l
e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a ta .
7 W o r k e r s f r o m t h is e n t i r e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , b u t f r o m the r e a l e s t a t e p o r t io n o n ly in
e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s .
S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta f o r t h is d i v i s i o n i s n o t m a d e f o r on e o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s g iv e n in fo o t n o t e 6 a b o v e .
8 H o t e l s a n d m o t e l s ; l a u n d r i e s a n d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r , r e n t a l, a n d p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n iz a t io n s (e x c lu d in g
r e l i g i o u s a n d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; a n d e n g in e e r in g an d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .
O v e r t h r e e - f o u r t h s o f th e w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y in the Y o u n g s to w n —
W a r r e n a r e a w e r e e m p l o y e d in m a n u fa c t u r in g f i r m s .
T h e f o l l o w i n g t a b le p r e s e n t s th e m a jo r
in d u s t r y g r o u p s and s p e c i f i c in d u s t r ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa c t u r in g :
In d u s try g r o u p s
S p e c i f i c in d u s t r ie s
P r i m a r y m e t a l s __________________ 57
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ______ 11
F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s _____
8
M a ch in e ry (e x c e p t
e l e c t r i c a l ) ________________________
7
E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ____________ 5
B la s t fu r n a c e s , s t e e lw o r k s ,
an d r o l l i n g an d f i n is h in g
m i l l s _______________________________ 42
R o llin g , d r a w in g , and e x tr u d
in g o f n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s _____ 13
M o t o r v e h i c l e s and e q u ip m e n t .. 6
F a b rica te d str u ctu ra l m e ta l
5
p r o d u c t s __________________________
M e t a lw o r k in g m a c h i n e r y and
e q u ip m e n t ________________________
5
T h is i n f o r m a t io n i s b a s e d o n e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e
m a t e r i a l s c o m p il e d p r i o r to a c t u a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y
d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d o n the r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y a s sh o w n in t a b le 1 a b o v e .
4
Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups
Presented in table 2 a r e indexes 1 and percentage s of change
in average salaries of office c l e r i c a l w orkers and industrial n u r s e s ,
and in average earnings of selected plant worker gro ups. The indexes
are a measure of wa ges at a given time, e x p r e s s e d as a percent of
wages during the base period (date of the area survey conducted
between July I960 and June 1961).
Subtracting 100 fr o m the index
yields the percentage change in wages fr o m the base period to the
date of the index.
The percentage s of change or in c re as e relate to
wage changes between the indicated dates.
Th ese e stim ates are
measures of change in averages for the area; they are not intended
to measure average pay changes in the establishm en ts in the are a.
1 Indexes of earnings referred to in this standard text are published for most areas but not in
Youngstown—Warren because the area was not surveyed in the base year of the index series.
Office clerical (men and women):
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B
Clerks, accounting, classes
A and B
Clerks, file, classes
A, B, and C
Clerks, order
Clerks, payroll
Comptometer operators
Keypunch operators, classes
A and B
Office boys and girls
Method of Computing
Each of the selected key occupations within an occupational
group was assigned a weight based on its proportionate em ploym en t
in the occupational group.
These constant weights r efle ct base year
employments wherever p o ssible.
The a vera ge (mean) earnings for
each occupation were multiplied by the occupational weight, and the
products for all occupations in the group were totaled. The a gg re ga te s
for 2 consecutive years were related by dividing the agg re gate for
the later year by the aggregate for the e a r li e r y e a r .
The resultant
relativ e, less 100 percent, shows the percentage change.
The index
is the product of multiplying the base year relative (100) by the relative
for the next succeeding year and continuing to multiply (compound)
each y e a r 's relative by the previous y e a r ' s index.
A v er a g e earnings
for the following occupations were used in computing the wage trends:
Office clerical (men and women)—
Continued
Secretaries
Stenographers, general
Stenographers, senior
Switchboard operators, classes
A and B
Tabulating-machine operators,
class B
Typists, classes A and B
Skilled maintenance (men):
Carpe nters
Electricians
Machinists
Mechanics
Mechanics (automotive)
Painters
Pipefitters
Tool and die makers
Unskilled plant (men):
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Laborers, material handling
Industrial nurses (men and women):
Nurses, industrial (registered)
Table 2, Percents of Increase in Standard Weekly Salaries and Straight-Time Hourly Earnings
for Selected Occupational Groups in Youngstown-Warren, Ohio, for Selected Periods
Occupational group
November 1966
to
November 1967
November 1965
to
November 1966
A ll industries:
Office clerical (men and w om en)---------------------------------------------------------------Industrial nurses (men and w om en)-------------------------------------------------------------Skilled maintenance ( m e n ) -------------------------------------------------------------------------Unskilled plant (m en )-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 .0
5 .5
3 .4
2. 1
5. 7
4. 9
5. 5
1 4 .9
Manufacturing:
Office clerical (men and women) — -----------------------------------------------------------Industrial nurses (men and w om en)-------------------------------------------------------------Skilled maintenance (men)---------------------------------------------------------------------------Unskilled plant (m en )-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. 1
5.9
3. 5
2 .5
4. 8
4. 4
5. 5
5 .0
1
Revised estimate.
5
F o r office c le r i c a l w o rkers and industrial n u r s e s , the wage
trends relate to reg ular w eekly sa la ries for the n orm al workweek,
exclu sive of ea rnings for o vertim e.
F o r plant worker groups, they
m e a s u r e changes in ave rage stra igh t-t im e hourly earnings, excluding
p r e m iu m pay for o vertim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and
late shifts. The p ercen ta ges are based on data for selected key o cc u
pations and include m o s t of the num eric ally important jobs within
each group.
Changes in the labor force can cause in c re as e s or d e c r e a s e s in the
occupational a verages without actual wage changes. It is conceivable
that even though all establishm ents in an area gave wage i n c re a s e s ,
average wa ges m ay have declined because lo w e r-pa yin g establishments
entered the area or expanded their work fo r c e s .
S im ila rly , wages
m ay have rem ained rela tively constant, yet the averages for an area
m ay have ris e n considerably because higher-pa ying establishments
entered the are a.
Lim itations of Data
The indexes and percentages of change, as m e a s u r e s of
change in a re a a v e r a g e s , are influenced by:
(1) general sa la ry and
wage changes, (Z) m e r i t or other in creases in pay r eceived by indi
vidual w o r k e r s while in the same job, and (3) changes in average
wages due to changes in the labor force resulting fr o m labor turn
o v e r , fo rce ex pan sion s, fo r c e reductions, and changes in the p r o p o r
tions of w o r k e r s em p lo yed by establishments with different pay le v e ls .
The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect
of changes in the proportion of w o rkers represented in each job in
cluded in the data.
The percentage s of change ref lect only changes
in average pay for stra igh t-t im e hours.
They are not influenced by
changes in standard work sched ules, as such, or by p rem iu m pay
for overtim e . W here n e c e s s a r y , data were adjusted to rem ove fr om
the indexes and percentage s of change any significant effect caused
by changes in the scope of the survey.
6
A. Occupational Earnings
Table A-l.
Office Occupations—Men and Women
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
S ex , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u str y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
Average
weekly
hours 1
( standard)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f—
$
*
45
M ean 2
Median 2
Middle range 2
50
55
i.
$
$
60
65
70
$
75
$
80
$
85
$
90
$
95
*
100
$
105
$
%
1 10
115
t
S
1 20
125
$
130
$
140
%
150
and
under
50
160
and
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
1 05
1 10
115
120
1 25
130
140
150
1 60
over
7
6
3
3
l
1
7
3
1
1
4
2
3
2
4
4
38
33
38
38
8
7
4
-
1
1
_
5
2
1
1
9
9
20
20
_
2
2
2
2
_
-
-
“
MEN
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A
MANUFACTURING------- --------------
118
100
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
$
$
$
$
1 3 4 . 5 0 1 3 8 .5 0 1 2 9 . 5 0 - 1 4 6 . 5 0
1 3 5 . 0 0 1 3 9 .0 0 1 3 1 . 5 0 - 1 4 6 . 5 0
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B
MANUFACTURING ----------------------
40
37
4 0 ,0
4 0 .0
1 2 1 .0 0
1 2 1 .5 0
1 2 1 .0 0
1 2 1 .5 0
1 1 7 .0 0 -1 2 3 .5 0
1 1 8 .0 0 -1 2 4 .0 0
C lERK S, ORDER ----------------------------
27
4 0 .0
1 2 0 .0 0
1 2 5 .0 0
1 1 5 .0 0 -1 3 5 .0 0
CLERKS, PAYROLL -----------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------
56
56
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 3 5 .0 0
1 3 5 .0 0
1 3 7 .0 0
1 3 7 .0 0
1 3 4 .5 0 -1 3 9 .5 0
1 3 4 .5 0 -1 3 9 .5 0
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS n ------------------------------------------
31
3 9 . 5 1 2 8 .0 0
1 2 9 .0 0
1 2 2 .0 0 -1 4 0 .0 0
-
BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE I ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
83
26
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
8 4 .5 0
6 6 .5 0
8 9 .0 0
6 7 .5 0
7 3 .0 0 -1 0 0 .0 0
6 1 .0 0 - 7 2 .0 0
~
8D0KKFEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS A ---------------------------------------------
46
3 7 .5
9 2 .0 0
8 9 .0 0
8 5 .0 0 -
-
BOOKKFEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
93
56
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
7 9 .0 0
8 8 .5 0
8 1 .0 0
9 1 .5 0
6 4 .0 0 - 9 4 .5 0
7 7 . 0 0 -1 0 1 .0 0
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANJFACTURING ---------------------
105
63
42
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 8 .5 0
1 1 7 .0 0
9 6 .0 0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 1 7 .0 0
9 6 .0 0
9 6 .0 0 -1 2 5 .5 0
9 8 .5 0 -1 3 6 .5 0
8 2 .0 0 -1 0 8 .0 0
-
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
19 5
1 29
66
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
8 8 .5 0
9 5 .0 0
7 5 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
9 1 .5 0
7 6 .0 0
7 4 .5 0 -1 0 3 .0 0
7 9 .0 0 -1 1 6 .5 0
6 3 .5 0 - 8 6 .0 0
_
CLERKS, F IL E , CLASS B ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
62
43
3 8 .5
3 7 .5
6 9 .0 0
6 3 .0 0
6 6 .0 0
6 2 .0 0
5 8 .0 0 - 7 3 .5 0
5 4 .5 0 - 6 7 .5 0
-
12
“
12
CLFRKS, PAYROLL -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
155
133
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
9 8 .5 0
1 0 2 .0 0
9 4 .5 0
1 0 1 .0 0
7 6 .0 0 -1 1 8 .0 0
8 5 .5 0 -1 2 7 .5 0
_
COMPTOMETER OPERATORS ----------------MANUFACTURING----------------------------
85
49
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
8 8 .0 0
9 3 .5 0
8 6 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
7 5 .0 0 -1 0 1 .5 0
7 5 . 5 0 -1 0 4 .0 0
-
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING---------------------
201
1 59
42
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
8 7 .0 0
9 0 .5 0
7 4 .0 0
8 8 .0 0
9 1 .5 0
7 6 .0 0
7 3 .0 0 -1 0 1 .0 0
7 4 . 5 0 -1 0 2 .5 0
6 7 .0 0 - 8 7 .0 0
1
1
OFFICE GIRLS ------------------------------------
29
3 8 .5
6 8 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
5 9 .0 0 -
7 6 .0 0
SECRETARIES3 -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4 ----------------
372
276
96
28
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
1 1 1 .5 0
1 1 3 .5 0
1 0 5 .0 0
1 1 3 .0 0
1 1 0 .5 0
1 1 2 .0 0
1 0 7 .5 0
1 1 9 .0 0
9 8 .5 0 -1 2 7 .0 0
1 0 0 .0 0 -1 2 9 .0 0
9 5 . 5 0 -1 2 5 .5 0
9 9 .0 0 -1 2 7 .5 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
2
~
1
-
2
6
1
-
7
6
3
3
_
_
_
1
1
2
2
41
41
9
9
1
1
8
4
7
6
1
l
_
_
~
1
-
~
1
WOMEN
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f table,
9 9 .5 0
_
6
6
3
3
9
9
5
5
7
9
2
18
-
12
15
3
6
5
2
8
8
6
6
14
14
2
2
5
1
21
1
_
_
_
_
_
4
3
1
1
1
3
3
9
9
5
5
21
9
_
1
1
6
2
_
1
1
8
2
-
9
2
7
31
19
12
3
3
“
5
3
2
8
2
6
8
7
1
3
3
-
4
4
-
16
16
~
1
1
-
9
9
11
3
8
9
9
21
18
3
24
14
10
23
16
7
19
10
9
15
14
1
8
6
2
10
6
4
3
3
3
1
2
24
24
13
13
-
_
-
1
1
-
_
-
6
6
11
11
11
8
10
2
1
~
_
1
1
1
“
6
3
3
_
12
7
9
6
17
13
6
4
3
2
16
14
17
14
5
5
9
8
19
19
1
1
5
5
3
2
1
1
26
26
6
6
3
~
1
-
4
4
11
8
10
8
9
l
6
2
7
1
6
2
17
15
_
3
3
l
1
1
1
_
i
1
2
2
_
_
-
-
20
17
3
10
8
2
24
16
8
19
10
9
13
11
2
14
11
3
30
22
8
7
7
35
35
_
-
5
5
10
10
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
-
-
5
1
1
-
3
6
6
5
2
3
-
~
8
1
1
2
2
6
6
”
6
5
1
~
l
1
-
10
7
3
1
29
26
3
1
16
9
7
1
47
34
13
2
25
23
2
2
19
8
11
9
49
41
8
“
14
12
2
2
11
8
3
6
6
-
~
**
12
6
-
2
-
2
3
5
8
7
~
~
-
2
-
1
1
20
14
6
1
11
9
2
2
42
27
15
4
49
40
9
3
-
”
_
-
_
-
_
_
-
-
_
7
Table A-l.
Office Occupations—Men and W om en— Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—
$
Average
weekly
hours 1
( standard)
$
45
M edian 2
SECRETARIES3! SECRETARIES.
50
$
55
$
$
60
$
65
$
70
$
75
$
80
$
85
$
90
95
$
1 00
$
105
$
110
(
115
$
$
1 20
125
and
u n d er
50
WOMEN -
$
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
1 0d
105
1 10
115
120
125
5
7
6
l
4
1
3
13
5
8
10
10
15
1 1 3
2
4
3
1
7
6
l
17
14
3
29
25
12
11
130
S
*
t
130
140
1 50
~
~
-
160
and
140
1 50
1 60
lover
CONTINUEOj
CONTINUEDl
$
$
1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0
CLASS A ------------------------
$
$
9 9 .5 0 -
1 4 6 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS B -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
94
60
34
3 9 .0
4 3 .0
3 7 .0
1 2 4 .0 0
1 3 0 .5 0
112.00
1 2 4 .0 0
1 3 1 .5 0
1 1 4 .0 0
1 1 1 .0 0 1 2 0 .5 0 9 9 .0 0 -
1 3 6 .0 0
1 3 8 .5 0
1 2 2 .5 0
-
SECRETARIES, CLASS C -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
102
71
31
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
1 1 1 .5 0
1 2 1 .5 0
8 9 .0 0
1 1 6 .0 0
1 1 9 .0 0
8 9 .0 0
1 0 1 .0 0 1 0 8 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 -
1 3 0 .5 0
1 3 3 .0 0
1 1 6 .5 0
2
2
SECRETARIES, CLASS 0 -----------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------
147
124
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0
9 3 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 -
1 1 4 .0 0
1 0 8 .0 0
STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
242
170
72
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
88.00
9 5 .5 0
7 1 .5 0
8 6 .0 0
9 4 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR -------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING------------------------------
1 89
120
69
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 7 .0
1 0 5 . 5 0 1 0 6 .5 0
1 0 6 . 5 0 1 0 7 .0 0
1 0 4 . 00 1 0 6 .0 0
9 5 .0 0 9 7 .5 0 9 0 .5 0 -
1 1 8 .5 0
1 1 7 .0 0
1 2 1 .5 0
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A -----MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 3 .5 0
1 0 4 .5 0
1 0 3 .5 0
1 0 3 .0 0
9 8 .0 0 9 8 .5 0 -
1 1 1 .5 0
1 1 6 .0 0
SWITCHB0AR0 OPERATORS, CLASS B -----MANUFACTURING------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
8 7 .0 0
9 8 .0 0
6 9 .5 0
8 7 .5 0
1 0 7 .5 0
6 3 .5 0
6 5 . 0 0 - 1 1 1 .5 0
7 9 . 5 0 -1 1 3 .0 0
5 8 .0 0 - 8 2 .0 0
5
3
2
6 9 .5 0 - 8 9 .0 0
6 9 .5 0 - 9 4 .0 0
13
11
7 3 .5 0 1 1 0 .5 0
8 3 .0 0 1 1 2 .0 0
5 9 .0 0 - 8 1 .0 0
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS
MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------
96
72
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
8 0 .0 0
8 2 .0 0
7 8 .0 0
7 9 .0 0
T Y P IS T S . CLASS A ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------
92
90
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 7 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0
1 0 0 .5 0
8 8 . 0 0 -1 0 9 .0 0
8 8 .0 0 1 1 0 .5 0
T Y P IST S. CLASS B ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING------------------------------
171
138
33
4 0 .0
4 3 .0
4 0 .0
8 0 .0 0
8 2 .5 0
7 1 .0 0
7 8 .5 0
8 0 .5 0
7 4 .0 0
6 4 .0 0 - 9 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .5 0
5 9 .0 0 - 8 4 .0 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
20
20
18
2
1
1
2
3
3
1
-
2
14
13
20
14
6
16
13
3
18
16
2
12
7
5
10
3
7
15
13
5
23
16
7
20
18
17
11
16
14
4
2
6
2
1
1
3
1
5
5
10
9
2
6
6
20
20
21
21
1
31
28
3
6
-
9
1
1
18
7
11
9
-
2
5
1
20
2
-
11
26
26
2
30
22
13
13
16
14
65
65
27
25
2
28
3
25
3
3
2
2
2
2
22
19
13
15
1
1
7
7
25
25
23
23
26
22
4
23
17
16
10
6
35
35
6
1 Sta n da rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r i e s (e x c lu s iv e o f pa y f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ) , and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d
to th e se w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 T he m e a n is co m p u te d f o r e a c h jo b b y tota lin g the e a rn in g s o f a ll w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s .
T he m ed ia n d e s ig n a t e s p o s it io n — h a lf o f the e m p lo y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e iv e m o r e
than the r a t e shown;| h a lf r e c e i v e l e s s than the ra te show n. The m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y 2 r a te s o f pay; a fo u r th o f the w o r k e r s e a rn le s s than the lo w e r o f th ese r a t e s and a fo u r th e a r n m o r e than the
h ig h e r ra te .
3 M a y in c lu d e w o r k e r s o th e r than th o se p r e s e n te d se p a r a te ly .
4 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and oth er p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
8
Table A-2.
Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women
( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y h o u r s an d e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s i s
b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , Y o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n , O h io , N o v e m b e r 1967)
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f—
Average
weekly
hours 1
( standard)
S ex, o cc u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n
80
U nder
$
an d
80
under
85
85
90
$
$
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A
MANUFACTURING —
161
149
4 0.0
40.0
1 65.00
163 .5 0
1 67.00
166.50
155. 5 0 -1 8 0 .5 0
1 5 4 .5 0 179 .0 0
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B
MANUFACTURING -
274
263
40.0
4 0.0
1 39 .0 0
139 .0 0
139 .5 0
139 .0 0
1 2 6 .0 0-1 5 5.5 0
1 2 5 .5 0 155 ,5 0
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C
MANUFACTURING -
188
185
4 0.0
40.0
10.00
110.00
107.50
107 .5 0
9 4 .5 0 9 4 .5 0 -
1 24 .0 0
124 .5 0
4 0.0
40.0
104 .0 0
104 .0 0
106 .0 0
106 .0 0
9 4 .0 0 9 4 .0 0 -
1 1 8 . 50
118.50
4 0 .0
40.0
1 2 5 .0 0
125 .5 0
131.00
1 31.00
1 1 9 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 -
DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS ■
MANUFACTURING -
90
95
95
100
100
105
105
110
110
115
115
120
1 20
125
125
1 30
130
135
135
140
1 40
145
145
150
150
155
155
160
160
170
180
1 90
—
—
-
and
170
180
190
over
42
41
20
18
$
18
18
18
16
16
15
21
12
11
22
22
21
22
14
14
5
5
9
8
4
4
2
2
10
10
10
10
14
14
27
27
2
WOMEN
'JURSFS, INDUSTRIAL (R E G IS T E R E D )----MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------
97
95
1 S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r
to t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s .
2 F o r d e f i n i t i o n o f t e r m s , s e e f o o t n o t e 2,
w h ic h
t a b le
e m p lo y e e ;
A -l.
r e c e iv e
t h e ir
134 .5 0
134.50
re g u la r
s t r a ig h t -t im e
s a l a r i e s (e:
:lu s iv e
of pay fo r
6
5
14
14
o v e rtim e
2
2
36
36
a t r e g iu la r
8
8
a n d /o r
7
7
p r e m iu m
1
1
L
1
r a te s ),
1
l
a n d th e
1
1
e a r n in g s
corresp on d
9
Table A-3.
Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Wom en Combined
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
Average
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n
Number
of
workers
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
Weekly
OF FICE O C CU PA TI ON S
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS
BILLE RS. MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE) -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------
83
26
40.0
4 0.0
$
8 4.5 0
6 6 . 50
ROOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS A ----------------------------------------------
46
3 7.5
9 2.0 0
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS ft ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
93
56
39.0
3 9 .5
7 9.0 0
8 8.50
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
223
163
60
4 0.0
4 0.0
3 9 .5
122 .5 0
1 28 .0 0
1 0 6 .5 0
CLFRKS. ACCOUNTING, CLASS B —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
2 35
166
69
4 0.0
4 0 .0
39.5
9 4.0 0
101 .0 0
7 6.5 0
CLERKS. F I L E , CLASS 8 ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
62
43
38.5
3 7.5
6 9.00
6 3.0 0
CLERKS, ORDER ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
44
42
39.5
3 9.5
1 1 5 .5 0
1 1 6 .5 0
CLFRKS. PAYROLL -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
211
189
4 0.0
4 0 .0
1 0 8 .0 0
1 12 .0 0
COMPTOMETER OPERATORS ----------------MANUFAC T U R I N G ----------------------------
85
49
4 0.0
40. 0
88.0 0
9 3 .5 0
KFVPUNCH OPERATORS,
CLASS A —
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS R —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------- 1
3
2
Average
27
39.5
1 0 3 .0 0
204
162
42
4 0.0
4 0 .0
3 9.0
87, 00
9 0 .5 0
7 4.00
-
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
Average
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -
CONTINUED
CONTINUED
$
8 0 .0 0
8 2 .0 0
T ABULATING-MACH INE OPERATORS,
CL ASS A -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
28
28
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 3 2 .5 0
1 3 2 .5 0
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CL ASS 8 -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------- ,--------
36
27
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 2 7 .0 0
1 2 9 .0 0
3 9 . 0 1 2 4 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 3 0 .5 0
3 7 .0 1 1 2 .0 0
T Y P IS T S , CLASS A
MANUFACTURING
-------------------------------------------------
94
92
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 8 .0 0
9 8 .0 0
T Y P IS T S , CLASS B ------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------NPNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------
175
1 38
37
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
8 0 .0 0
8 2 .5 0
7 1 .5 0
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------
1 61
149
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 6 5 .0 0
1 6 3 ,5 0
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS 8 ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
274
263
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 3 9 .0 0
1 3 9 .0 0
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
188
1 85
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 1 0 .0 0
1 1 0 .0 0
ORAFTSMEN-TRACERS -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
76
69
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 2 .0 0
1 0 4 .0 0
NIIRSFS, INDUSTRIAL (R E G IS T E R E D )-----MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
97
95
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 2 5 .0 0
1 2 5 .5 0
SECRETARIES2---------------------MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING ---PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 3
373
276
97
29
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
L l l . 50
1 1 3 .5 0
1 0 5 ,0 0
1 1 3 .5 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS A
29
3 8 .5
1 2 0 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS B
MANUFACTURING ----------NONMANUFACTURING —
94
SECRETARIES, CLASS C
MANUFACTURING ----------NONMANUFACTURING----
102
71
31
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
1 1 1 .5 0
1 2 1 .5 0
8 9 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS D
MANUFACTURING -----------
1 48
124
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0
STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL
MANUFACTURING ----------NONMANUFACTURING —
2 42
170
72
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
8 8 .0 0
9 5 .5 0
7 1 .5 0
STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR
MANUFACTURING --------NONMANUFACTURING —
192
1 20
72
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 7 .0
1 0 6 .0 0
1 0 6 .5 0
1 0 4 .5 0
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A -------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
35
25
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 3 .5 0
1 0 4 .5 0
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS
MANUFACTURING --------NONMANUFACTURING —
70
44
26
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
8 7 .0 0
9 8 .0 0
6 9 .5 0
CLASS B --------
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
$
6 9 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
34
Weekly
hours i
(standard)
96
72
3 9 .0
3 8 .0
60
Number
of
workers
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
49
29
OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLSNONMANUFACTURING -•
1 S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e
c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 M a y in c lu d e w o r k e r s o t h e r than th o se p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th er p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
Number
of
workers
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
s a la r i e s (e x c l u s i v e
-------------------------------------------------
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS
o f p a y f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m
r a t e s ) , and the e a rn in g s
10
Table A-4.
Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
N u mb e r o f W o r ke r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s of—
Hourly earnings 1
t
2 .70
S
2 .80
£
2 .9 0
$
3 .00
$
3 .10
$
3.2 0
$
3,. 3 0
£
3 ,4 0
$
3 . 50
$
3 .60
$
3.70
$
3 . 80
*
3. 90
£
4 .0 0
$
4 . 10
£
4 .20
S
4 .3 0
£
4.40
$
4 .5 0
£
4.60
*
4 .7 0
2 .7 0
2 .8 0
2 .90
3 .00
3 . 10
3 .20
3.3 0
3,. 4 0
3 .50
3.60
3 .70
3.80
3.90
4 .00
4 .1 0
4.20
4 . 30
4 .4 0
4 .50
4 .60
4.70
ove r
3
3
-
6
6
-
6
6
2
2
-
25
25
18
18
20
20
62
62
8
7
*
-
2
2
8
8
8
8
1
1
2
2
-
•
2
2
_
2
2
-
35
35
49
44
56
47
110
107
29
29
148
1 45
51
51
169
153
90
90
10
10
44
44
81
81
2
2
-
4
4
18
18
8
8
14
14
9
9
6
6
16
16
2
2
4
4
“
-
12
12
1
l
2
2
_
~
_
-
$
O cc u p a tio n and in d u str y d iv is io n
of
workers
Mean2
Median 2
Middle range 2
Un d er 2 , 6 0
$
and
2 . 6 0 u nde r
and
CARPENTERS, MAINTENANCE ----------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
1 73
172
$
3 .69
3 .6 8
$
3.71
3.71
$
3 .5 1 3 .5 1 -
$
3.78
3 .78
c lF C T R IC IA N S , MAINTENANCE ------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
911
875
3.94
3 .94
3 .94
3 . 94
3 .6 7 3 .6 8 -
4 .1 3
4 .1 4
_
-
3
3
5
5
PNGINFFRS. STATIONARY --------------------MANUFACTURING--------------------------------
1 02
102
3 .66
3 .66
3 .6 4
3 .64
3 .3 0 3 .3 0 -
3 .8 9
3 .89
_
_
4
4
P f R FMFN, STATIONARY B O IL E R ----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
70
70
3.30
3 . 30
3 .2 5
3 .2 5
3 .1 5 3 .1 5 -
3 .53
3.53
HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES -------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
275
2 50
3 .00
3 .0 0
3.03
3 .0 3
2 .9 1 2 .9 4 -
3.08
3 .08
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS, TOOLROOM
MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
129
1 29
4 . 01
4 . 01
4 . 13
4 .13
3 .4 1 3 .4 1 -
4 .58
4 .5 8
MACHINISTS. MAINTENANCE ----------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
519
517
3 . 89
3.89
3.88
3 . 88
3 .6 3 3 .6 3 -
4 .2 4
4 .24
3 . 58
3.73
3 .3 8
3 . 39
3 .69
3 .7 4
3 .49
3.49
3 .2 8 3 .5 7 3 .0 3 3 .0 4 -
3 .9 1
4.01
3 .79
3 .7 9
5
3
2
12
12
12
_
_
-
-
PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 3---------------------
181
1 02
79
75
-
“
24
4
20
20
MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE ------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
1,08 1
1 ,066
3 . 87
3 . 87
3 . 81
3 .81
3 .7 0 3 .7 0 -
4 .06
4 .0 6
9
9
_
-
_
*
4
4
MILLWRIGHTS ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING--------------------------------
102
1 02
4 .03
4.03
4 . 33
4 .3 3
3 .4 8 3 .4 8 -
4 .3 9
4 .3 9
-
_
_
-
-
-
*
O I L E R S ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
66
66
2.95
2 .95
2 .94
2. 94
2 .7 4 2 .7 4 -
3.08
3.08
4
4
° AINTFRS, MAINTENANCE--------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
68
66
3 .57
3 .5 5
3. 29
3 . 29
3 .2 3 3 .2 3 -
4 .03
3 .78
P IP F F IT T F R S , MAINTENANCE --------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
366
355
3.72
3 .72
3.67
3 .66
3 .5 1 3 .5 1 -
3.79
3 .78
TOOL AND DIE MAKERS -------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------
263
263
4.22
4 .22
4.61
4 .61
3 .6 3 3 .6 3 -
4 .6 6
4 .6 6
MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
(MAINTENANCE! -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w e e k e n d s,
F o r d e fin itio n o f t e r m s , se e fo o tn o te 2, ta ble A - l .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
~
-
_
-
-
_
_
_
-
-
7
7
7
7
8
8
26
26
_
-
28
28
36
20
30
30
142
133
16
16
7
7
10
10
4
4
-
_
_
_
9
9
18
18
4
4
2
2
_
_
”
_
12
12
2
2
7
7
-
_
4
4
“
23
23
3
3
_
_
_
-
-
-
2
2
_
_
-
_
h o lid a y s ,
and la te sh ifts .
-
—
3
3
_
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
“
-
-
“
-
-
3
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
2
2
_
_
“
34
34
18
18
-
19
19
-
-
~
_
2
2
3
3
-
_
_
-
-
-
_
-
14
14
16
16
_
_
_
41
41
6
6
122
122
14
14
37
37
25
25
34
32
8
8
1 43
1 43
_
4
3
1
1
6
4
2
2
12
12
-
24
8
16
16
18
8
10
10
14
12
2
2
20
14
6
6
4
4
-
"
24
19
5
3
5
5
-
“
6
3
3
3
-
“
23
23
2
2
26
26
84
78
85
85
29
29
271
271
63
60
145
1 45
116
1 10
93
93
10
10
8
8
83
83
2
2
-
13
13
10
10
-
-
_
_
_
-
-
“
14
14
-
“
45
45
18
18
-
-
11
11
4
4
4
4
31
31
-
5
5
-
~
15
15
-
6
6
16
16
10
10
47
46
12
12
10
10
35
35
”
-
-
5
5
3
3
-
76
76
37
37
92
92
23
13
4
4
19
19
17
17
"
_
_
8
8
1
1
1
l
2
2
2
-
_
4
4
15
15
3
3
6
6
-
5
5
42
42
-
_
-
2
2
”
~
2
2
24
24
-
-
27
27
35
35
-
_
“
“
~
-
-
_
33
33
1
_
”
_
-
-
“
-
_
*
_
_
-
_
_
_
*
1
1
148
1 48
-
11
Table A-5.
Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area bash
by industry division, Youngstown-Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s of—
Hourly earnings2
Mean 3
Median 3
Middle range3
583
396
$
2 .4 9
2 .9 8
$
2 .9 0
3 .0 1
$
$
1 .4 9 - 3 .1 4
2 .8 8 - 3 .1 9
GUARDS:
MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
369
3 .0 1
3 . 11
2 .9 2 - 3 .1 9
WATCHMEN:
MANUFACTURING--------------------------------------
27
2 .4 7
2 .4 9
2 .2 8 - 2 .7 5
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS -----MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4 ---------------------------
5 74
395
179
35
2 . 31
2 .5 1
1 .8 5
2 . 40
2 .4 4
2 .4 7
1 .6 8
2 .7 2
2 .0 1 2 .4 3 1 .5 7 1 .9 9 -
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS
( WOMEN1 -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------
444
120
324
1 .8 0
2 .4 1
1 .5 8
1 .6 6
2 .4 4
1 .4 8
2 .5 3
2 .5 7
2 .0 8
2 .7 7
1 .4 5 - 2 .1 6
2 .2 3 - 2 .4 9
1 . 4 3 - 1 .8 3
LABORERS, MATERIAL HANOLING -------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTUPING --------------------------------
634
504
130
2 .8 4
2 .8 1
2 . 96
2 .8 4
2 .8 3
3 .6 2
2 .6 9 - 3 .1 4
2 .7 1 - 2 .8 9
2 .0 5 - 3 .6 6
ORDER
FILLERS ------------------------------------------
2 80
3 .2 9
3 .2 7
3 . 2 2 - 3 .5 2
PACKERS, SHIPPING -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
2 47
247
2 .9 0
2 .9 0
2 .9 5
2 .9 5
2 . 5 4 - 3 .2 9
2 . 5 4 - 3 .2 9
2 .4 8 - 2 .7 8
PACKERS, SHIPPING
(WOMEN)
$
2 .5 0
2 .6 0
$
2 .7 0
$
2 .8 0
.4 0
2 .5 0
2 ,6 0
2 .7 0
2 .8 0
3 .0 0
3 .2 0
l
1
23
23
115
115
114
114
l
10
115
114
-
-
-
2
2
2
42
38
4
t
30
30
16
16
20
6
17
1 87
17
187
13
53
13
53
14
32
18
14
14
12
4
8
2
12
7
5
13
13
13
13
11
91
10
91
1
23
10
10
4
-
3
26
21
5
3
3
3
10
22
1
1
1
11
11
6
6
4
4
“
6
-
-
13
217
216
1
58
58
-
35
35
-
23
5
18
18
64
64
36
10
10
5
5
_
36
34
2
84
83
1
4 .0 0
2 .8 5
2 .8 9
2 . 6 6 - 2 .9 8
2 . 8 4 - 3 .1 3
2 25
96
3 . 12
2 .9 1
3 .2 2
2 .8 8
2 . 8 9 - 3 .2 7
2 . 8 1 - 3 .1 3
-
26
3 .4 8
3 .6 3
3 . 3 6 - 3 .6 7
-
502
58
444
420
3 .5 8
3 . 20
3 .6 3
3 .6 4
3 .6 4
3 .3 0
3 .6 5
3 .6 5
3 .6 1 3 .1 1 3 .6 2 3 .6 3 -
3
-
_
-
4
8
7
-
41
41
5
5
5
5
7
7
118
114
4
110
110
7
4
3
475
_
~
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
9
9
_
__
_
-
5
4
_
-
-
_
-
30
30
-
_
-
11
10
-
_
-
_
-
12
-
-
-
-
3 .1 6 2 .8 9 3 .6 0 3 .6 2 -
2 .7 9
2 .9 6
-
12
3 .6 0
3 . 11
3 .6 4
3 .6 5
43
31
-
2
2
-
3 .3 7
3 . 06
3 . 53
3 .6 1
_
-
-
9 22
307
615
456
_
-
9
4
5
TRUCKDRIVERS 5 --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4 ---------------------------
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
14
14
-
_
_
12
12
-
10
_
4
77
77
-
2 .8 3 - 3 .0 5
2 . 8 4 - 3 .0 8
-
1
1
9
9
9
9
52
52
35
25
10
2 .8 8
2 .8 9
_
19 5
190
5
6
2
4
2 .9 3
3 .0 ?
3
52
46
6
-
~
"
.
~
12
63
58
-
~
3
3
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS ---------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
1
1
~
13
13
“
-
3
3
_
-
_
9
9
-
_
-
_
~
66
66
3
3
_
-
_
2
2
10
10
4
-
90
90
2 . 7 4 - 3 .2 0
2 .7 4 - 3 .1 9
_
-
_
-
-
1
1
2 .9 4
2 . 94
-
-
_
-
2
2
2 .9 5
2 .9 4
3
-
_
-
27
27
_
82
79
_
~
-
_
-
-
40
40
SHIPPING CLERKS ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
_
-
92
8
2
-
_
1 48
15
-
84
8
4
3
1
_
~
and
over
~
-
10
3
_
4 .2 0
.
22
-
_
“
84
84
6
16
15
1
_
-
_
-
2 . 58
3 .8 0
-
2 .8 5
2 .4 0 - 3 .0 7
2 . 8 6 . 2 . 3 7 - 3 .0 3
2 .8 2
2 . 5 4 - 3 .3 9
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le .
3 .6 0
-
2 .5 5
3 .6 7
3 .3 5
3 .6 7
3 .6 8
3 .4 0
1
1
-
2 .7 9
2 .7 6
2 . 83
TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,
TRAILER TYPE) -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4---------------------------
$
$
$
3 . 80 4 .0 0 4 .2 0
-
52
TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TO
AND INCLUDING 4 TONS) --------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING
PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4 ---------------------------
S
3 .6 0
27
26
1
125
73
52
_
_
4
4
------------------
TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT (UNDER
1 - 1 / 2 TONS) -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
$
3 .4 0
%
:
10
RFCEIVING CLERKS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------
3 .6 5
3 .1 8
3 .6 7
3 .6 7
3 .2 0
and
und er
i
1 .4 0
GiJAROS AND WATCHMEN-------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
$
2 .4 0
$
.3 0
o
o
O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
_
_
8
_
6
4
2
2
2
9
3
6
3
8
2
10
6
4
4
_
-
_
-
168
54
114
8
20
20
7
7
2
2
_
-
-
4 75
439
_
-
4
4
l
9
6
42
42
25
25
114
8
“
17
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
6
-
17
9
5
4
21
21
-
32
32
-
2
2
_
“
_
_
-
i
i
_
_
-
-
-
_2
“
2
-
-
"
1
_
-
440
-
440
420
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
Table A-5.
Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n s stud ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u str y d iv is io n , Y ou n gstow n —W a r r e n , O h io, N o v e m b e r 1967)
N um be r o f w o rk e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s of -----
Hourly earnings 2
O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u str y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
U n der
M ean 3
M edian 3
Middle range
$
1 .4 0
$
1 .4 0
T
i HAN
nAn
( OVER 4 TONS*
Ti Yi rPeF l/ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
------------------------------------------------
Ti P A Il uni
I P Rx
MANUFACTURING
$
118
TRUCKERS* POWER (FO RK LIFT) —
—
MANUF ACT UR ING ————— ————————————
NONMANUFACTURING — — ------——— — —
637
TRUCKERS, POWER (OTHER THAN
FORKLI FT) ---------------- ------ ------------ -------------M
AMl IP AU
AT TIIOI
WP _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- _hi_ _ _
nAliUr
1UnlPlu
200
1
2
3
4
5
2 .2 0 2 . 3 0 2 . 4 0
1 .6 0
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1 .9 0
2 .0 0 2 . 1 0
2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0 2 .4 0 2 . 5 0 2 . 6 0
$
t
$
2 .5 0
*
$
t
s
2 . 6 0 2 .7 0 2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0
3 .2 0
3 .4 0
3 .6 0
3 .8 0
$
4 .0 0
2 . 70 2 .8 0
3 .2 0
3 .4 0
3 .6 0
3 .8 0
4 .0 0
4 . 2 0 .ov er
38
57
57
9
1
17
17
3 3-
?
4f 4
I*;
7
af
_
69
69
12
12
18
18
6
6
3
3
76
76
$
*
$
$
4 .2 0
and
CONTINUED
TRUCK DR I VERS * HEAVY
DTMPD
u
i nnr\
$
2.10
t
o
o
-
$
1 .9 0 2 . 0 0
$
1 .8 0
and
un d er
1 .5 0
TRUCKORIVERS 5
$
1 .7 0
i
1 .5 0
$
1 .6 0
%
102
188
3* 17
3* 11
$
3* 1 4
$
$
2 .9 7 —
1
3 . 16
3 . 22
3» 20
3 . 36
a
3 .3i o8
3 . 09
3* 50
3 . 32
3 . 35
2 « 86I *”
3« 3 2 -
3 .5 2
3 . 63
O Q
4 .1 4
Q~7_
O
D ata lim it e d to m en w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d .
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s ,
nd la te s h ift s .
F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , se e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th er p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
In clu d e s a ll d r i v e r s , a s d e fin e d , r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tr u c k o p e r a te d .
9
9
l a
*
6
4
4
1u
1
1 8Q
2
11
47
7
it
13
B. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers
(Distribution of establishments studied in all industries and in industry divisions by minimum entrance salary for selected categories
pf inexperienced women office w o rk e rs, Youngstown—W arren, Ohio, November 1967)
O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2
I n e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts
M a n u fa c t u r in g
M in im u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y 1
B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d ■w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f —
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
A ll
s c h e d u le s
M a n u fa c t u r in g
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
40
A ll
s c h e d u le s
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f—
A ll
s c h e d u le s
40
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
40
A ll
sc h e d u le s
40
_______
107
53
XXX
54
XXX
107
53
XXX
54
XXX
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m _________________
34
26
25
8
7
52
34
33
18
13
_
_
2
1
3
2
5
3
4
_
1
1
1
2
4
2
2
_
1
1
2
4
2
2
_
1
2
1
1
2
_
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
6
3
5
4
5
4
4
_
2
1
3
3
4
3
2
_
2
1
2
3
4
3
2
1
2
4
2
2
1
1
1
2
_
-
-
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ________________________
$ 4 7 .5 0
$ 5 0 .0 0
$ 5 2 . 50
$ 5 5 .0 0
$ 57. 50
$ 6 0 .0 0
$ 6 2 . 50
$ 65. 00
$ 6 7 . 50
$ 70. 00
$ 72. 50
$ 7 5 .0 0
$ 7 7. 50
$ 80. 00
$ 82. 50
$ 8 5 .0 0
$ 8 7 . 50
$ 9 0 . 00
$ 9 2 . 50
and
and
an d
an d
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
an d
and
and
and
and
and
and
_____
u n d e r $ 5 0 . 0 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 _____ ______________ ____ _______
u n d e r $ 5 7 . 50 ____ __ __ — ------------------- —
u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 _______ _______ ________________ __
u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 ___________ _____ __ __ _ _____
u n d e r $ 6 7 . 50_ __________
___ _____ _______
u n d e r $ 7 0 . 0 0 ___ _____ __ ____ __ __________
u n d e r $ 7 2 . 5 0 __ __
__
___ _
_ _
u n d e r $ 7 5 . 0 0 ________________ ___________________
u n d e r $ 7 7 . 5 0 .......................................................................
u n d e r $ 8 0 . 0 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 8 2 . 5 0 _______ ____________________________
u n d e r $ 8 5 . 0 0_ ____________ ____________________
u n d e r $ 8 7 . 5 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 9 0 . 0 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 9 2 . 5 0 _____________
_ __
__
____
o v e r ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m
_
,
1
_
3
2
1
_
1
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
3
3
-
-
-
1
-
1
_
6
1
_
_
_
6
1
_
_
6
1
_
-
4
1
2
_
_
1
7
3
1
1
_
_
1
7
3
1
1
_
_
1
7
1
1
_
_
-
1
_
1
_
_
_
_
3
3
3
-
-
3
3
3
-
-
18
10
XXX
8
XXX
39
17
XXX
22
XXX
55
17
XXX
38
XXX
16
2
XXX
14
XX X
-
_
-
-
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s
These salaries relate to form ally established minimum starting .(hiring) regular straight-tim e salaries that are paid for standard workweeks.
Excludes w orkers in subclerical jobs such as m essenger o r;o ffic e girl.
Data are presented for a ll standard workweeks combined, and for the m ost common standard workweek reported.
14
Table B-2.
Shift Differentials
(Shift differentials of manufacturing plant w orkers by type and amount of differential,
Youngstown—W arren, Ohio, November 1967)
Percent of manufacturing plant workers—
In establishm ents having form al
provisions 1 for—
Shift differential
Second shift
work
Third or other
shift work
Actually wcirking on—
Second shift
Third or other
shift
98.1
97.4
22.6
12.8
97.9
97.2
22.5
12.7
Uniform cents (per h o u r)______________________
77.5
76.7
19.6
12.4
5 c e n ts __________________________________ ___
6 c e n ts ___________________________________ —
7 V2 c e n ts ___________________________________ _
8 c e n ts _____ ___________________ ___________
9 c e n ts_______________________________________
10 cents___________________________ _________
12 cents----------------------------------------------------------]?
rontc
......
...
...
I 3 V3 cents------------------------------------------------------15 cen ts_______________________ ____ ___ _____
1.9
3.6
.3
62.5
.3
7.0
.5
.3
.4
.6
1.1
1.9
5.8
65.2
.8
1.9
15.8
.1
2.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.2
11.8
.3
.2
Uniform percen tag e____________________________
19.9
19.9
2. 9
.4
5 p e rcen t_____________________________________
10 percent______ ___________________________
16.4
3.5
19.9
1.8
1.1
.4
.5
.5
.1
-
.2
.2
(2 )
(2 )
T o t a l ---------------------------------------------------------------
With shift pay d ifferen tial________________________
F u ll day's pay for reduced hours_____________
With no shift pay d ifferen tial------------------------
-----
_
-
.2
.9
-
_
-
(1
2)
_
1 Includes establishm ents currently operating late shifts, and establishm ents with form al provisions covering late
even though they were not currently operating late shifts.
2 L e ss than 0.05 percent.
shifts
15
Table B-3.
Scheduled W e ek ly Hours
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours 1
of firs t-s h ift w orkers, Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s
O ffic e w o r k e r s
W e e k ly h d u rs
A ll i n d u s t r i e s 2
A l l w o r k e r s _______________________________________
3 5 h ou rs|
_
_
__ - ..
36 h o u r s
37 h o u r s
3 7 1/-’ h o u r s _
_
..................... .. ..
38 h o u r s
........... ... .
40 h o u r s . . . . . . . .
_
_
O v e r 40 an d u n d e r 4 5 h o u r s __
_
_ ___
..........................
_ _
100
P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 1
3
2
100
1
A ll i n d u s t r i e s 45
M a n u fa c t u r in g
100
100
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3
1
1
5
( *)
3
2
3
82
1
98
96
_
2
(5 )
___
78
2
3
10
1
82
2
4
11
1
98
_
-
2
(5 )
(5 )
(5 )
(5 )
1 Scheduled hours are the weekly hours which a m ajority of the fu ll-tim e workers were expected to work, whether they were paid for at straight-tim e or overtime rates.
2 Includes data for w holesale trade, retail trade,| real estate, and service s, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.
4 Includes data for w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and service s, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 L ess than 0.5 percent.
100
9
3
4 5 h o u r s ______________________________________________ _
4 8 h o u r s _______________________________________________
O v e r 48 hours
100
M a n u fa c t u r in g
_
16
Table B-4.
Paid Holidays
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays
provided annually, Youngstown—W arren, Ohio, November 1967)
Plant workers
Office workers
Item
All industries 1
A ll workers
______________________________
—
W orkers in establishments providing
paid holidays ___________________________________
W orkers in establishments providing
no paid holidays_________________________________
Manufacturing
Public utilities1
2
All industries3
Manufacturing
Public u tilities2
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
100
100
99
100
100
1
-
1
26
50
1
4
7
10
(4 )
1
1
8
67
7
4
14
-
22
26
48
4
-
14
25
25
92
99
100
100
100
100
4
52
52
78
100
100
100
100
100
1
-
-
Number of days
Less than 6 holidays - ---------------------------------- 6 holidays _____________________________________
7 holidays __
__________
______________ _____ _
7 holidays plus 1 half day_________________________
7 holidays plus 2 half d a y s----------------------------------8 holidays----------------------------------------------------------------9 holidays__________________________________________
9 holidays plus 1 half day_______________________
12 holidays- ___________________________________ —
2
6
61
3
11
16
■
(4 )
2
66
4
9
19
-
-
10
31
52
7
"
-
Total holiday time 5
12 days___________________________________________ 9 V2 days or m o r e _______________________________ _
9 days or m o r e --------------------------------------------------8 days or m o r e ____________________________________
7 V2 days or m o r e ----------------------------------------------- 7 days or m o r e _________________________________ _
6 days or m o r e __________________________________
4 days or m o r e ------------------------------------------------------3 days or m o r e _________________________________
2 days or m o r e --------- --------------------------------------1 day or m ore ________________________________ -
1
2
3
4
5
no half
-
16
30
30
91
97
97
98
98
99
-
19
32
32
98
99
100
100
100
100
-
7
59
59
90
100
100
100
100
100
1
1
11
22
23
72
98
98
98
99
99
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and service s, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and service s, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
L ess than 0.5 percent.
A ll combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 9 days includes those with 9 full days and
days, 8 full days and 2 half days, 7 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions then were cumulated.
17
Table B-5.
Paid Vacations1
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay
provision s, Youngstown—W arren, Ohio, November 1967)
Office workers
Plant workers
Vacation policy
A ll w orkers____________________________________
Manufacturing
Public utilities3
100
100
100
100
100
-
100
100
-
100
100
-
5
54
3
(5)
3
68
3
"
"
-
18
3
77
1
(5)
6
5
87
2
(5)
70
30
-
86
5
6
2
-
31
10
59
-
5
3
90
2
(5)
2
(5)
94
3
(5)
8
32
61
■
2
20
71
6
84
10
-
2
87
9
1
1
1
83
2
1
1
99
"
6
84'
10
-
2
87
9
1
1
1
83
13
2
1
99
-
All industries2
Manufacturing
Public u tilities3
100
100
100
99
97
2
100
98
2
100
90
10
(5)
“
“
8
2
(*)
(5)
5
1
-
_
3
-
92
4
3
-
96
3
1
-
75
10
9
-
-
-
77
5
16
2
3
All industries 4
Method of payment
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations__________________________________ —
Len gth -of- time paym ent______________________
Percentage payment-----------------------------------------W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations_________________________________
Amount of vacation p a y6
After 6 months of service
Under 1 week_______________________________________
1 w eek_______________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s________________________
2 w e e k s_____________________________________________
-
After 1 year of service
1 week___________________________ __________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s________________________
2 w e e k s _____________________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s __________ ____________
3 w e e k s________________________________ ___________
A fter 2 years of service
1 w eek_______________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s___________ ___________
2 w e e k s__________________________________ _________
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________
3 w e e k s_____________________________________________
A fter 3 years of service
1 week-----------------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s________________________
2 w e e k s---------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s________________________
3 w e e k s_____________________________________________
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ________________________
18
72
4
(5)
2
3
(5)
3
13
A fter 4 years of service
1 week-----------------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks ...______________________
2 weeks _ -------------------------------------------------------- - —
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s________________________
3 w e e k s__ ^__■■■■■■t __. _______
Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s_______________ _______
See fo o tn o te s a t end of ta b le .
3
18
72
4
(5)
2
2
20
71
3
(5)
3
18
Table B-5.
Paid V acations1----- Continued
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay
provisions, Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, November 1967)
O ffice w o r k e r s
P la n t w o r k e r s
V a c a t io n p o l i c y
A ll in d u s t r ie s 2
M a n u fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3
A ll i n d u s t r ie s 4
6
84
10
-
(5)
84
2
12
1
_
80
2
16
2
-
(5)
(5)
_
21
5
64
8
1
1
_
6
7
71
12
2
2
_
7
93
-
_
20
3
67
8
1
1
6
4
74
12
2
2
_
3
97
-
_
5
76
1
17
2
75
_
93
M a n u fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3
A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 6---- C o n t in u e d
A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s __________________________
4 w e e k s _________________________________________________
_
(5)
87
6
4
2
1
90
5
2
3
1
(5 )
4
17
70
4
1
1
2
_
2
20
70
3
1
1
2
_
8
82
10
-
(5 )
3
17
71
4
1
1
2
_
1
20
71
3
1
1
2
_
5
84
10
-
(5)
2
85
3
5
2
1
1
1
87
3
5
2
1
1
78
-
-
(5 )
2
70
3
19
3
2
1
_
1
80
3
11
3
2
1
_
_
5
32
2
57
1
1
1
1
99
-
A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 an d u n d e r 4 w e e k s __________________________
4 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 and u n d e r 5 w e e k s __________________________
5 w e e k s _________________________________________________
-
A f t e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------4 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 an d u n d e r 5 w e e k s __________________________
5 w e e k s __________________u----------------------------------------------
-
A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____ - ____________________
4 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 an d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------------------------------5 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 5 an d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ---------------------------------------6 w e e k s _________________________________________________
_
_
-
-
-
22
7
-
-
-
(5 )
1
(5)
1
-
-
-
(5 )
(5)
12
10
-
A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ___________________ ____
4 w e e k s _________________________________________ _____
O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s _______________________ _
5 w e e k s ______________________ ________________________
O v e r 5 an d u n d e r 6 w e e k s __________________________
6 w e e k s _________________________________________________
See footnotes at end of table.
-
3
-
86
10
-
( 5)
-
.
2
28
3
62
2
2
1
1
-
14
86
-
19
Table B-5.
Paid Vacations1----- Continued
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay
provisions, Youngstown—W arren, Ohio, November 1967)
O ffic e w o r k e r s
P la n t w o r k e r s
V a c a t io n p o l ic y
A ll i n d u s t r i e s 1
2
M a n u fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3
A ll i n d u s t r i e s 4
M a n u fa c t u r in g
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3
A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 6---- C o n t in u e d
A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k _________________________________ _____ __ _ _
2 w e e k s _______________________________ ______ _ __
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s __________________________
4 w e e k s ____________________________________ ___________
O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s __________________________
___ _____________________________________
5 w eeks _
O v e r 5 an d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ____________________ ___
6 w e e k s _______________________________________ — —
O v e r 6 w e e k s __________________________________________
(5 )
2
22
1
65
3
3
1
1
1
_
1
22
_
3
_
5
17
_
2
12
_
-
-
-
-
-
67
2
4
1
1
1
80
10
7
-
77
2
3
3
1
82
4
-
-
71
2
2
2
1
_
2
12
-
14
-
A f t e r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k _____________________________________________ ___
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
3 w e e k s ____________________ ___________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s __________________________
4 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s __________________________
5 w e e k s ___________________ __________________________
O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s _____ ___________ _______
6 w eeks
_
__ ____ ____
O v e r 6 w e e k s ______________________ _____________________
(5 )
2
22
1
64
3
3
2
2
1
_
_
_
1
22
67
2
1
3
3
1
-
5
17
(5 )
2
22
1
64
3
3
2
2
1
_
1
22
67
2
1
3
3
1
3
_
-
14
-
-
-
73
10
13
71
1
3
1
2
1
76
2
3
2
3
1
82
_
_
-
5
17
71
1
2
1
2
2
_
2
12
76
2
3
2
3
1
_
14
82
4
-
-
-
4
-
M a x im u m v a c a t i o n a v a i l a b l e
1 W pplf
2 w e e k s ___________________________________________ ___
3 w e e k s ___ ___________________________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____________ __________
4 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s _______________________ _
5 w e e k s _ ______________________________________________
O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ____________________ ___
6 w e e k s __________ _ _ _ _ _
____ ____________
O ver 6 w eek s.
__
3
73
10
13
-
1 Includes basic plans only. Excludes plans such as vacation-savings Jand those plans which offer "extended" or "sa b b a tica l" benefits beyond basic plans to workers with qualifying lengths
of service .
Typical of such exclusions are plans in the steel,| aluminum, and can industries.
2 Includes data for w holesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and se rv ic e s, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
4 Includes data for w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e rv ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 L e ss than 0. 5 percent.
6 Includes payment other than "length of t i m e ," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-su m paym ents, converted to an equivalent time basis; for exam ple, a payment of 2 percent
of annual earnings was considered as 1 w eek's pay.
Periods of service were chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect the individual provisions for progression.
For example, the
changes in proportions indicated at 10 y e a r s ' service include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 yea rs.
Estim ates are cumulative.
Thus, the proportion eligible for 3 w eeks'
pay or m ore after 10 years includes those eligible for 3 w eek s' pay or m ore after fewer years of service.
20
Table B-6.
Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
(Percent of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing
health,, insurance, and pension benefits, 1 Youngstown—W arren, Ohio, November 1967)
Plant workers
Office workers
Type of benefit
All industries 1
2
A ll w orkers___________________________________
Manufacturing
Public utilities3
All industries4
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s3
100
100
100
100
100
100
Workers in establishments providing:
Life insurance_________________________________
Accidental death and dism em berm ent
insurance______________________________________
Sickness and accident insurance or
sick leave or both 5_______________________ __
Sickness and accident insurance__________
Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting period)------------------------------------------Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period)------------------------------------------Hospitalization insurance_____________________
Surgical insurance--------------------------------------------Medical insurance_____________ _____________
Catastrophe insurance-------------------------------------Retirement pension____________________________
No health, insurance, or pension plan_______
97
99
100
96
97
95
48
46
67
52
46
58
95
97
86
74
87
71
87
97
28
60
83
14
(6)
31
45
58
40
28
6
-
20
100
100
100
88
80
97
97
92
42
91
1
100
100
97
34
98
100
100
100
86
52
4
4
97
97
87
29
95
(6)
~
100
100
93
27
99
1 I n c l u d e s t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h a t l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t i s b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t t h o s e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , a n d r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .
2 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5 U n d u p lica fced t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c £ l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w .
S ic k le a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d t o t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l i s h a t l e a s t
the m in i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e .
I n f o r m a l s i c k l e a v e a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d on an in d iv i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
6
Less than 0.5 percent.
21
Table B-7.
Premium Pay for Overtime W o rk !
( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f p la n t a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y
p r o v i s i o n s , Y o u n g s to w n —W a r r e n , O h io , N o v e m b e r 196 7)
O ffic e w o r k e r s
P la n t w o r k e r s
P r e m iu m p a y p o lic y
A l l w o r k e r s ______________________________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 2
100
100
100
96
70
81
86
96
70
81
86
69
(5 )
81
3
83
30
iq
14
P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 1
2
A ll in d u s t r i e s 3
A ll in d u s t r ie s 1
M a n u fa c t u r in g
100
100
92
99
92
99
-
1
96
100
D a i ly o v e r t i m e at p r e m i u m r a t e s
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g
p r o v is io n s f o r d a ily o v e r t im e p a y 4
a t p r e m i u m r a t e s ---------------------------------------------------T i m e a n d o n e - h a l f ------------- -----------------------------E ffe c t iv e a fte r : j
7 1/-- h o u r s
_________ ______ ___
8 h o u r s -------------- ----------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g n o
p r o v is io n s f o r d a ily o v e r t im e p a y
at p r e m i u m r a t e s ^___ ____ __________
(5 )
91
(5 )
98
________
W e e k l y o v e r t i m e at p r e m i u m r a t e s
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g
p r o v is io n s \ fo r w e e k ly o v e r t im e p a y 4
a t p r e m iu m \ r a t e s __ ________ — ________________
T i m e a n d o n e - h a l f — _ _________________ ____
E ffe c t iv e a fte r;
37 h o u r s
_ _____ _,
3 7 V2 h o u r s __ _
______ ______ ___
4 0 h o u r s __ _____ __ — ___
_ ____
4 4 h o u r s _____ __________ _______________ __
4 8 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g n o
p r o v is io n s fo r w e e k ly o v e r tim e p a y
a t p r e m i u m r a t e s 6_________________________________
99
100
100
99
100
100
99
100
100
99
100
100
_
_
5
1
_
_
3
99
_
100
98
97
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(5 )
96
1
1
l
(5 )
93
( 5)
-
2
(5 )
1 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
3 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fi n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d i t io n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 I n c l u d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c o v e r e d b y l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d i n g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e , e v e n th o u g h s u c h w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y d o n o t w o r k o v e r t i m e .
G ra d u a ted
p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r e m i u m p a y a r e c l a s s i f i e d u n d e r th e f i r s t e f f e c t i v e p r e m i u m r a t e .
F o r e x a m p l e , a p la n c a l l i n g f o r t im e a n d o n e - h a l f a f t e r 8 a n d d o u b le t im e a f t e r 10 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d
a s tim e and o n e - h a lf a ft e r 8 h o u r s .
S i m i l a r l y , a p la n c a l l i n g f o r n o p a y o r p a y a t a r e g u l a r r a t e a f t e r 35 h o u r s a n d t im e a n d o n e - h a l f a f t e r 4 0 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t im e an d
o n e -h a lf a fte r 40 h o u r s .
5 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
6 I n c l u d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e x e m p t f r o m l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d i n g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d w h e r e , a s a m a t t e r o f p o l i c y , o v e r t i m e is n o t w o r k e d .
Appendix. Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field
staff in classifying into appropriate occupations woikers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles
and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits
the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on
interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may
differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In
applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors;
apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers.
OFFICE
BILLER, MACHINE— Continued
BILLER, MACHINE
columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or
credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping.
Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than
an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to
billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to
billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are clas
sified by type of machine, as follows:
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher,
Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type
writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma
chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and
invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders,
shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of pre
determined discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma
chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the
bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge o f and
experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and familiarity with the
structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper
records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each
phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets,
and other records by hand.
Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of
a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book
keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus
tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in
ventory control, etc.
May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc. , which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills
as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the
simultaneous entry o f figures on customers' ledger record. The ma
chine automatically accumulates figures on a number o f vertical
Note: Since the last survey in this area, the Bureau has discontinued collecting data for duplicatingmachine operators and elevator operators.
22
23
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant,
has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set
of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment's b u si-.
ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary
ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable;
examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting
distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper
assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and
closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks.
Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c
counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts
payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling
bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general
ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not
require a knowledge o f accounting and bookkeeping principles but
is found in offices in which the more routine accounting woik is
subdivided on a functional basis among several workers.
CLERK, FILE
Class A . In an established filing system containing a number
of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material
such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May
also file this material.
May keep records of various types in con
junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file
clerks.
Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple
(subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub
headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids.
As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards
material.
May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain
and service files.
CLERK, ORDER
Receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by mail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following:
Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items
to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled.
May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f customer,
acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see
that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original orders.
CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary
data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings
based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll
sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time,
rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due* May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes.
May use a calculating machine.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe
matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis
tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp
tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance
of other duties.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Class C. Performs routine filing of material that has already
been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi
fication system (e. g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical).
As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards
material; and may fill out withdrawal charge.
Performs simple
clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files.
Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina
tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu
ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower
level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application
24
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR— Continued
of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example,
locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts
information from several documents; and searches for and interprets
information on the document to determine information to be punched.
May train inexperienced operators.
Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures
or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched
cards.
Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination
keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards.
Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified
sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require
little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched.
Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information,
e t c ., are referred to supervisor.
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating
minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing
mail, and other minor clerical work.
SECRETARY
Assigned as personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main
tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day work
activities of the supervisor. Woiks fairly independently receiving a mini
mum of detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and
secretarial duties, usually including most of the following: (a) Receives
telephone calls, personal callers, and incoming mail, answers routine
inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries to the proper persons; (b)
establishes, maintains, and revises the supervisor's files; (c) maintains the
supervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays
messages from supervisor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, mem
oranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to
assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) performs stenographic
and typing work.
May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks o f com
parable nature and difficulty. The work typically requires knowledge of
office routine and understanding of the organization, programs, and pro
cedures related to the work of the supervisor.
SECRETA RY— Conti nue d
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above
characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the def
inition are as follows: (a) Positions which do not meet the "personal”
secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in
secretarial type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a
group of professional, technical, or managerial persons; (d) secretary posi
tions in which the duties are either substantially more routine or substan
tially more complex and responsible than those characterized in the def
inition; and (e) assistant type positions which involve more difficult or more
responsible technical, administrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical
duties which are not typical of secretarial work.
NOTE: The term "corporate officer," used in the level definitions
following, refers to those officials who have a significant corporate-wide
policymaking role with regard to major company activities.
The title
"vice president," though normally indicative o f this role, does not in all
cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose primary responsibility
is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e. g. , approve or
deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts;
directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate
officers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
Class A
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a
company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5, 000 persons; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of
the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but
fewer than 25,000 persons; or
c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the corporate
officer level) of a major segment or subsidiary of a company that employs,
in all, over 25,000 persons.
Class B
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a
company that employs, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the
board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer
than 5,000 persons; or
25
SECRETA RY— Continued
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL— Continued
c.
Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level)
over either a major corporate - wide functional activity (e .g . , marketing,
research, operations, industrial relations, etc.) or a major geographic or
organizational segment ( e . g . , a regional headquarters; a major division)
of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000
employees; or
May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively rou
tine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not
include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.)
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc.
(or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, over 5,000
persons; or
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or
specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific re
search from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.
OR
e.
Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational
Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde
segment (e .g . , a middle management supervisor of an organizational seg
pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced
ment often involving as many as several hundred persons) of a company
by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and
that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons.
accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and
Class C
office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization,
policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in per
a. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon
forming stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, main
sibility is not equivalent to one of the specific level situations in the def
taining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums,
inition for class B, but whose subordinate staff normally numbers at least
letters, e t c .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading
several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational segments
and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does
which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level
not include transcribing-machine work.
includes a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or
two; or
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc.
(or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, fewer than
5,000 persons.
Class A . Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone
switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Per
forms full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as
conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing
routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full
time assignment. (’’Full” telephone information service occurs when the
establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for
telephone information purposes, e.g., because of overlapping or interrelated
functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which exten
sions are appropriate for ca lls.)
Class D
a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a small organizational
unit (e .g . , fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or
b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional
employee, administrative officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert.
(NOTE: Many companies assign stenographers, rather than secretaries as
described above, to this level of supervisory or nonsupervisory worker.)
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine v o
cabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from writ
ten copy.
Class B. Operates a singler or multiple-position telephone
switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May
handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform limited
telephone information service. ("Limited” telephone information service
occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understand
able for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine,
e . g . , giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if
complex calls are referred to another operator.)
26
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator on a single-position
or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or
perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or
clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at
switchboard.
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued
some filing work.
The work typically involves portions of a work
unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive
operations.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
TABULATING-MA CHINE OPERATOR
Class A. Operates a variety Of tabulating or electrical account
ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator,
calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete
reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult
wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign
ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which
often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and
sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator,
is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations,
or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating
sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working
supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day
supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulatingmachine operators.
Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account
ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the
sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific
instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from
diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabulations
involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small
tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more complex report. Such
reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro
cedures are well established. May also include the training of new
employees in the basic operation of the machine.
Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting
machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e t c ., with
specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine
vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written
copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving
a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports
on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in
shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenog
rapher, general.
TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make
out bills after calculations have been made by another person.
May in
clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating
processes.
May do clerical work involving little special training, such
as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis
tributing incoming mail.
Class A . Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma
terial in final form when it involves combining material from several
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu
ation, etc. , of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma
terial; and planning layout and typing o f complicated statistical tables
to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing.
May type routine
form letters varying details to suit circumstances.
Class B. Performs one or more of the following: Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance policies,
e t c .; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more
complex tables already setup and spaced properly.
27
PROFESSI ONAL AND TECHNI CAL
DRAFTSMAN— Continue d
DRAFTSMAN
Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having
distinctive design features that differ significantly from established
drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator,
and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect o f
each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation
ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory
assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con
sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare
drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen.
Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments
that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech
niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares
working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple
functions, and precise positional relationships between components;
prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including
detail drawings o f foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof.
Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations
to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities,
strengths, stresses, etc.
Receives initial instructions, requirements,
and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical
adequacy.
Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for
engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types
of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three
dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning
of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details
from a number o f sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required.
Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on
source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are
less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked
during progress.
DRAFTSMAN-TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing
cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not
include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and
a large scale not requiring close delineation. )
and/or
Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items.
is closely supervised during progress.
Work
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medi
cal direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or
suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment.
Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill
or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping
records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation
or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations
of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs
involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en
vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety
of all personnel.
M A I N T E N AN C E AND POWERPLANT
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued
Performs the carpentry duties necessaiy to construct and maintain
in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made
of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan
ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal
instructions using a variety of carpenter's handtools, portable power tools,
and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations
relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the
work. In general, the work o f the maintenance carpenter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap
prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
28
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in
stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis
tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work
involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of
electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con
trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other
transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or
other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical
system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load
requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of
electrician's handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general,
the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma
chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools;
and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind
of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In
some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma
terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted
to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also performed by workers on a full-time basis.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of
stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the
establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or
air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines,
ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed
water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation
of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise
these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing
more than one engineer are excluded.
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water
and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom
equipment.
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages,
jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring
complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre
cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper
ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to
achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize
when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants
and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes,
machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex
cluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of
metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work
involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci
fications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety of machinist's
handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating
standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making
standard shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, tooling, feeds,
and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the
common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re
quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical
equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded
training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap
prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
29
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
OILER
Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es
tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle
and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto
motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur
faces of mechanical equipment o f an establishment.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling
machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools
in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items
obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a
machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major
repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro
duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and
making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of
a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex
perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary
duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout
are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying
out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a
variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re
lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining,
and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and
parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general,
the millwrights work normally requires a rounded training and experience
in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train
ing and experience.
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es
tablishment. Work involves the following; Knowledge of surface peculi
arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or bmsh.
May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain
proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance
painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following:
Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings
or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct
lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting
machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven
or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening
pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures,
flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine
whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the
maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex
perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building
sanitation or heating systems are excluded.
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents
and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures;
and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general,
the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex
perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
30
SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal
equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves,
lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish
ment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out all
types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other
specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal
working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form
ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles
as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker
requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker;
volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from
models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring
instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals
and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equip
ment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work,
speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during
fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qual
ities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to pre
scribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials,
tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires
a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
gage maker)
Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures
or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work in-
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in
tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.
C U S T O D I A L A ND M A T E R I A L MO V E ME N T
GUARD AND WATCHMAN
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued
Guard. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or
on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes
gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees
and other persons entering.
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing
metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance
services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who
specialize in window washing are excluded.
Watchman. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting
property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman
or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commerical
or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following:
Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store,
or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following:
Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from
freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving,
or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and trans
porting materials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow.
Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.
31
ORDER, FILLER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers'
orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in
dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform
other related duties.
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them
in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent
upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con
tainer employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of
items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following:
Knowledge o f various items of stock in order to verify content; selection
of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container;
using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing
and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on
container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible
for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work
involves: A knowledge o f shipping procedures, practices, routes, available
means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods
shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges,
and keeping a file o f shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing
the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or
directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills o f
lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments;
and maintaining necessary records and files.
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKD RIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma
terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es
tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,
wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and
customers' houses^or places of business. May also load or unload truck
with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck
in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the^-road drivers are
excluded.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and
type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the
basis of trailer capacity.)
Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1V 2 tons)
Truckdriver, medium ( 1V 2 to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck,
as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
A v a i l a b l e O n R e q u e s t ----The eighth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors,
attorneys, ch em ists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsm en,
tr a c e r s , job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office
se r v ic e s , buyers, and clerical em ployees.
Order as BLS Bulletin 1585, National Survey of P r ofessio n al, A d
m inistrative, Technical, and C lerical Pay, June 19&7.
Fifty cents
a copy.
A re a W age Surveys
A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is
available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402,
or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover.
Area
Bulletin number
and price
Akron, Ohio, July 1967 1 _________________________________
Albany—Sch enecta dy-T roy, N . Y . , Apr. 1967 ----------------Albuquerque, N. M e x . , Apr. 1967 ______________________
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N. J . ,
Feb. 1967 __________________________________________________
Atlanta, G a . , May 1967 ___________________________________
Bal tim ore, M d . , Oct. 1967 _______________________________
Beaumont—Port Arthur—Orange, Tex., May 1967 ____
Birm ingham, A l a ., Ap r. 1967 1 __________________________
Boise City, Idaho, July 1967 -------------------------------------------Boston, M a s s . , Sept. 1967 1----------------------------------------------
15 30 -8 6,
1530 -6 2,
1 5 30 -6 0,
25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
1530 -5 3,
15 30 -7 1,
1 5 75 -1 8,
1530 -7 4,
15 30 -6 3,
15 7 5 -3 ,
1 5 75 -1 3,
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
20 cents
30 cents
20 cents
30 cents
Buffalo, N . Y . , Dec. 1966 1_________________________________
Burlington, V t . , Ma r. 1967 1 _____________________________
Canton, Ohio, Ap r. 1967 _________________________________
Charleston, W. V a . , Apr. 1967 ---------------------------------------Charlotte, N .C ., Apr. 1967 _______________________________
Chattanooga, T e n n . - G a . , Aug. 1967 -----------------------------Chicago, 111., Ap r. 1967 1 ________________________________
Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.—Ind., Mar. 1967 __________________
Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1967 -------------------------------------------Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 1967 ----------------------------------------------D allas , T e x ., Nov. 1967 _________________________________
15 3 0 -3 8 ,
15 30 -5 2,
15 30 -5 8,
15 30 -6 1,
15 30 -6 4,
15 7 5 -7 ,
15 30 -7 3,
1530 -5 6,
15 7 5 -1 4 ,
15 7 5 -2 3 ,
15 75 -2 0,
Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111.,
Oct. 1967 __________________________________________________
Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1967 __________________________________
Denve r, C olo., Dec. 1966___________________________ ______
Des Mo ines, Iowa, Feb. 1967 ------------------------------------------Detroit, Mich., Jan. 1967 1 _______________________________
Fort Worth, T e x ., Nov. 1967 ____________________________
Green Bay, W i s . , July 1967 __ ___________________________
G reen ville, S . C . , May 1967 ______________________________
Houston, T e x ., June 1967 -------------------------------------------------Indianapolis, Ind., Dec. 1966-------------------------------------------Jackson, M i s s . , Feb. 1967 _______________________________
Jacksonville, F la ., Jan. 1967 1 ---------------------------------------Kansas City, M o . - K a n s . , Nov. 1966-------------------------------Lawrence—Haverhill, M a s s . —N .H ., June 1967 -------------Little Rock—North Little Rock, A r k ., July 1967 ---------Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa A n a Garden Grove, C a lif., Mar. 1967 1 ____________________
Louisville, Ky .—Ind., Feb. 1967 1 -----------------------------------Lubbock, T ex ., June 1967 ------------------------------------------------Manchester, N .H ., July 1967-------------------------------------------Me mphis, T e n n . - A r k . , Jan. 1967 -----------------------------------Miami, F la ., D ec. 1966 _____________________ ________—----Midland and O d es s a , Tex ., June 1967 ----------------------------
1
Bulletin number
and price
Milwaukee, W i s . , Apr. 1967 1_____________________________
Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1967 1________________
Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich., May 1967 ________
Newark and Jersey City, N.J., Feb. 1967 _______________
New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1967 _____________________________
New Orleans, L a ., Feb. 1967 1 ___________________________
New York, N . Y . , Apr. 1967 1______________________________
Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News—
Hampton, Va., June 1967 1_______________________________
Oklahoma City, O k la ., July 1967 _________________________
15 30-7 6,
15 30-4 2,
1530-7 2,
15 30 -5 5,
15 30-4 1,
15 30-5 1,
15 30-8 3,
30cents
30cents
20cents
25cents
25cents
30cents
40 cents
15 30-8 2,
15 75 -4 ,
25cents
20cents
30 cents
25 cents
20 cents
20 cents
20 cents
25 cents
30 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
Omaha, N eb r.—Iowa, Oct. 1967 1__________________________
Pater son—Clifton—Passaic , N. J . , May 1967 _____________
Philadelphia, Pa.—N .J., Nov. 1966 1______________________
Phoenix, A r i z . , Mar. 1967 ________________________________
Pittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 1967 1 _______________________________
Portland, Maine, Nov. 1967 1--------------------------------------------Portland, Oreg.—Wash., May 1967 _______________________
Providence—Pawtucket—Warwick, R.I.—M a s s . ,
May 1967 1 __________________________________________________
Raleigh, N .C ., Aug. 1967 1-------------------------------------------------Richmond, Va., Nov. 1966-------------------------------------------- -----Rockford, 111., May 1967 -----------------------------------------------------
15 75 -2 1,
1 5 3 0 -6 7 ,
15 30 -3 5,
15 30-5 9,
15 30-4 6,
1 5 75 -1 6,
15 30-7 9,
25cents
25cents
35cents
20cents
30cents
25cents
25cents
15 30-7 0,
15 75 -6 ,
15 30 -2 3,
15 30-6 8,
30 cents
25cents
25cents
20 cents
1575- 12,
15 30 -4 5,
1 5 30 -3 2,
15 30 -4 4,
1530 -4 8,
15 7 5 -2 2 ,
15 7 5 -5 ,
1530 -6 6,
15 30 -8 5,
15 3 0 -3 7 ,
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
30 cents
25 cents
20 cents
25 cents
2 5 cents
25 cents
St. Louis, Mo.—111., Oct. 1966 1___________________________
Salt Lake City, Utah, Dec. 1966 1_________________________
San Antonio, Tex ., June 1967 1 ___________________________
San Bernardino—River side—Ontario, C alif.,
Aug. 1967 1 _________________________________________________
San Diego, C alif., Nov. 1967 _____________________________
San Francisco—Oakland, C alif., Jan. 1967 1______________
San Jose, Cal if., Sept. 1967 1 --------------------------------------------Savannah, Ga., May 1967 __________________________________
Scranton, Pa., July 1967 1 -------------------------------------------------Seattle—Everett, Wash ., Oct. 1966________________________
1 5 30 -2 7,
15 30 -3 3,
15 30-8 4,
30 cents
25 cents
25 cents
1575- 10,
15 75 -1 9,
15 30 -3 6,
15 75 -1 5,
1530-6 9,
15 75 -9 ,
15 30 -2 2,
30 cents
20 cents
30 cents
25 cents
20cents
25cents
25cents
15 30 -4 3,
15 30 -3 9,
15 3 0 -2 6 ,
15 30 -7 7,
157 5 - 2 ,
20
25
25
20
25
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
15 30 -6 5,
15 30 -4 9,
15 30 -7 5,
1 5 7 5 -1 ,
15 30 -4 0,
15 30-3 1,
1530 -7 8,
30
30
20
20
25
25
20
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
Sioux F a lls , S. Dak., Oct. 1967 1__________________________
South Bend, Ind., Mar. 1967 ______________________________
Spokane, Wash ., June 1967 1 ______________________________
Tampa—St. Petersburg, F l a . , Aug. 1967 ________________
Toledo, Ohio—Mich., Feb. 1967 1__________________________
Trenton, N .J., Nov. 1967 __________________________________
Washington, D . C . —Md.—V a . , Sept. 1967 __________________
Waterbury, Conn., Mar. 1967 ------------------------------------------Waterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1966 1_______________________________
Wichita, K a n s ., Oct. 1966 1____________ ___________________
W o r ce s te r, M a s s ., June 1967 ____________________________
York, Pa., Feb. 1967 ---------------------------------------------------------Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, Nov. 1967 1__________________
1575- 17,
1530-5 7,
15 30-8 0,
15 75 -8 ,
15 30-5 0,
15 75 -2 4,
1575- 1 1,
15 30-5 4,
15 30-2 1,
1530 -1 1,
15 30-8 1,
15 30-4 7,
15 75 -2 5,
25cents
20cents
2 5cents
25 cents
30 cents
20 cents
25 cents
20 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
25 cents
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.
Area
@FedFRASER