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X Area Wage Survey J , ^ York, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Area, February 1977 Bulletin 1950-6 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics ***** , on Preface T h i s b u l l e t i n p r o v i d e s r e s u l t s o f a F e b r u a r y 1977 s u r v e y o f o c c u p ational e a r n i n g s in the Y o r k , P e n n s y l v a n i a , S tan d ard M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s tical A re a . T h e s u r v e y w a s m a d e as p a r t o f the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ' annual a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m . It w as con du cted b y the B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , un der the g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f I r w i n L. F eigen bau m , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l C o m m is s io n e r fo r O perations. The s u r v e y could not h a ve b e e n a c c o m p l i s h e d with out the c o o p e r a t i o n o f th e m a n y f i r m s w h o s e w a g e and s a l a r y data p r o v i d e d the b a s i s f o r the s t a t i s t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n in th is b u ll e tin . Th e B ureau w ishes to e x p ress s in c e r e a p p r e c i a t i o n f o r the c o o p e r a t i o n r e c e i v e d . M a t e r i a l in th is p u b lic a tio n is in th e pub lic d o m a in and m a y be r e p ro d u c e d with out p e r m i s s i o n o f the F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t . P l e a s e c r e d i t the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s and c i t e the n a m e and n u m b e r of this p u b lic ation . Note: A l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r the Y o r k a r e a a r e l i s t i n g s o f union w a g e r a t e s f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d b u il d in g t r a d e s . F r e e copies of th ese a r e a v a ila b le f r o m the B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s . (S e e b a c k c o v e r f o r a d d r e s s e s . ) Area Wage Survey York, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Area, February 1977 U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner May 1977 Contents Page Bulletin 1950-6 T ab les: E arn in g s , all e s tab li shm en ts: A - l . W e e k l y e arnings of o f f i c e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------3 A - 2 . W e e k l y e arn in g s of p r o f e s sional and te chn ical w o r k e r s ------5 A - 3 . A v e r a g e w e e k l y e arn in g s of o f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and technical w o r k e r s , b y s e x ----------6 A - 4 . H o u r l y earnings of m a i n t e nance, t o o l r o o m , and p ow e r p la n t w o r k e r s --------------------7 A - 5 . H o u r l y e arnings of m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and cus todial w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------8 A - 6 . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e arnings o f m ainte nance, to o lr o o m , p owerplant, m a t e r i a l m o v e ment, and c usto d ia l w o r k e r s , b y s e x -----------------------------------------9 A -l. P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e hourly ear nings, adjusted for em p lo ym ent shifts, f o r s e lecte d occ up ational g r o u p s ------------ 10 Appendix A. Ap pendix B. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover. Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents. Price $1.10. Scope and method o f s u r v e y 11 Occup ational d e s c r i p t i o n s -------------- 14 - A. Introduction T h i s a r e a is 1 o f 74 in w h ic h the U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u re au o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s conducts s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s . (S ee l i s t o f a r e a s on i n s id e b ac k c o v e r . ) In e ach a r e a , oc c u p a tio n a l e a r n i n g s data ( A - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) a r e c o l l e c t e d an nually. I n f o r m a t i o n on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s ( B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) is o b ta in e d e v e r y t h i r d y e a r . T h is r e p o r t has no B - s e r i e s t a b le s . E a c h y e a r a f t e r a l l i n d iv id u a l a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s h a ve b e en c o m p l e t e d , tw o s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d . T h e f i r s t b r i n g s t o g e t h e r data f o r e a c h m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s u r v e y e d ; the s e c o n d p r e s e n t s n a tion al and r e g i o n a l e s t i m a t e s , p r o j e c t e d f r o m i n d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a data, f o r a l l S tan d ard M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s in the U n it e d S t a te s , e xc lu d in g A l a s k a and H a w a ii. A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m is the ne e d to d e s c r i b e the l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a v a r i e t y o f l a b o r m a r k e t s , t h ro u g h the a n a ly s is o f (1) the l e v e l and d i s tr i b u t i o n o f w a g e s by oc c u p a tio n , and (2) the m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s by o c c u p a tio n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l . T h e p r o g r a m d e v e l o p s i n f o r m a t i o n that m a y be used f o r m a n y p u r p o s e s , includin g w a g e and s a l a r y a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g , and a s s i s t a n c e in d e t e r m i n i n g plant l o c a t i o n . S u r v e y r e s u l t s a ls o a r e used by the U.S. D e p a r t m en t o f L a b o r to m a k e w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n s un der th e S e r v i c e C o n t ra c t A c t o f 1965. A - s e r i e s ta b le s T a b l e s A - 1 t h ro u g h A - 6 p r o v i d e e s t i m a t e s o f s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y o r h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r w o r k e r s in oc c up atio ns c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s . F o r the 31 l a r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s , t a b l e s A - 8 th ro u g h A - 13 p r o v i d e s i m i l a r data f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e . T a b l e A - 7 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t changes in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , in d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , s k i l l e d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s w o r k e r s , and u n sk il led plant w o r k e r s . W h e r e p o s s i b l e , data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l i n d u s tr ie s and f o r m a n u f a c tu r in g and n o n m an u fa ctu rin g s e p a r a t e l y . Data a r e not p r e s e n t e d f o r s k i l l e d m a in te n a n c e w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g b e c a u s e the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in this o c c u p a ti o n a l g ro u p in no nm anu fa cturin g is too s m a l l to w a rra n t sepa rate presenta tion . T h i s ta b le p r o v i d e s a m e a s u r e o f w a g e t r e n d s a f t e r e l i n i m a t i o n o f changes in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s cau s e d by e m p l o y m en t shifts am on g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s as w e l l as t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in c lu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p l e s . F o r f u r t h e r d e t a i l s , s ee app endix A. A p p e n d ix e s A p p e n d ix A d e s c r i b e s the m e t h o d s and con ce p ts used in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m and p r o v i d e s i n f o r m a t i o n on the sc op e o f the s u r v e y . A p p e n d i x B p r o v i d e s jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m i s t s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s by oc c u p atio n . used by B u re a u f i e l d e c o n o A. E a rn ing s Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in York, Pa., February 1977 W eekly earnings 1 (standard) O c c u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of N um ber $ Average w eekly (standard M edian ^ M iddle ranged s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t- tim e s $ 5 w e e k ly 3 % e a r n in g s $ 3 o f ---- $ $ $ % $ S $ S $ $ S 90 10 0 110 12 0 13 0 14 0 150 16 0 170 13 0 19 0 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 280 300 10 0 no 120 13 0 1M 0 15 0 160 17 0 180 19 0 200 210 220 230 24(1 250 260 280 300 320 5 - 30 M ean ^ of w o rk ers S - 21 3 18 37 1M 23 48 36 12 51 35 16 60 37 23 89 61 28 70 58 12 30 29 1 32 27 32 27 5 30 25 5 28 28 * 12 7 5 6 1 5 5 1 4 8 8 13 11 2 4 3 1 - 2 * 3 3 4 3 2 2 - • 2 2 9 6 16 16 3 2 5 * 1 * 7 7 1 1 7 6 1 18 9 9 17 11 6 21 18 3 4 3 1 18 13 5 9 9 12 12 5 5 1 ” 2 1 1 1 1 “ 7 4 3 3 2 1 12 7 5 8 6 2 7 7 “ 2 1 1 _ 2 - 2 * 9 8 1 - * - _ - _ - . * * 2 1 1 1 4 - - - - 1 4 " * • _ . 4 - . * 4 * * 1 2 1 1 1 - - _ « - - 11 - - _ _ - - - - - - * - - - - 11 - and under 90 ALL WORKERS SECRETARIES ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------ 581 $ 173.50 179.50 159.5C 1 6 5 . 5C 172.50 155.00 1M7.00-196.50 153.00-201.50 128.50-170.00 $ $ 170 MO.O MO.O 39.5 SECRETARIES, CLASS A -----MANUFACTURING ----------------- 59 M2 MO.O MO.O 21M.0C 220.50 2 2 0 . OC 220.00 191.00-232.50 210.50-225.00 SECRETARIES, CLASS 8 -----MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------ 135 102 33 39.5 MO.O 39.0 187.50 1 9 1 . 5C 176.50 17A.OO 189.50 161.50 161.00-209.00 165.0C-212.nC 1 5 5 . 0 0 - 1 9 2 . OC SECRETARIES, CLASS C -----MANUFACTURING ----------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------ 213 129 8A MO.O MO.O MO.O 171.00 180.00 158.00 163.00 1 7 0 . OC 150.00 1M6.50-188.50 1 6 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 5 . 5C 128.50-169.00 --------— 17M 138 MO.O MO.O 151.50 157.50 152.00 156.50 s t e n o g r a p h e r s ------------------------------- — m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------- - 167 96 71 MO.O MO.O 39.5 152.50 1M8.5C 157.00 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL----— •— MANUFACTURING ------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------— 95 M9 M6 39.5 39.5 39.5 STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------- -— — — — 72 A ll - - 5 . _ . - - * * - * “ _ - - • 1 - - - - - - - - 1 6 4 2 - - 4 " . 4 b 1 - - - - * - M 22 3 19 12 7 5 22 11 11 20 11 9 50 31 19 19 14 5 12 12 “ 11 11 * 132.50-172.50 137.50-173.00 . • - 5 - 17 3 1M 11 26 25 22 18 20 17 19 16 26 23 12 12 3 3 9 9 1 1 - - 1MM.0C Im I . OC 1M7.00 1 3 1 * 0 0 * 1 6 7 .OC 131.00-163.50 1 2 7 . 5 0 - 1 7 6 . OC • 2 i - i 24 12 12 13 7 6 17 15 2 14 9 5 10 2 8 “ 3 2 1 1 1 2 40 31 9 2 - 12 6 6 2 - 18 8 10 2 1M7.50 1M0.5C 155.00 139.00 1 3 5 . 5C 1M7.00 127.50-161.50 130.00-157.50 125.00-178.00 . 2 i - 24 19 5 11 4 7 9 6 3 9 8 1 4 1 3 9 1 8 - - - i 8 2 6 - 2 1M 8 6 ” * 158.50 157.00 161.00 1M7.5C IMe.OO 1MA.OC 13M.00-170.50 13M.00-170.50 13M.00-170.00 - - - M - - - 16 12 M 13 8 5 8 7 1 10 8 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 - * " 3 2 1 2 - M M 4 M7 25 MO.O MO.O >♦0.0 2 TYPISTS ----------------------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------- 250 171 79 MO.O 39.5 MO.O 138.00 13M.5C 1M6.50 133.50 131.50 139.00 119.5C-1M9.5C 120.00-1MM.5C 10M.00-166.00 16 16 14 11 3 13 5 8 • - - - _ • - - - - - - * - 11 TY PIS TS , CLASS A --------------------------MANUFACTURING------------------------— — 77 77 39.5 39.5 1M1.50 1M1.5C 141.50 1A1.5C TY PIS TS , CLASS 0 ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------- 173 9M 79 MO.O MO.O MO.O 1 3 7 . OC 129.00 1M6.5C 12M.5C 12M.00 139.00 s e c r e t a r i e s , c l a s s o -------m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------- NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------- - " * “ - - - - - - 31 9 22 131.00-1M9.5C 131.00-1A9.5C . . - 112.0C-1M9.0C 115.00-137.00 1 0 M . 0 0 - 1 6 6 . OC . . 31 - - M “ 1 3 39 26 13 33 32 1 52 48 4 41 24 17 2 2 12 12 22 22 22 22 12 12 6 6 1 1 21 20 1 30 26 8 5 3 12 4 19 2 17 4 22 37 2M 13 21 15 1M 13 38 37 6 5 2 1 * 1 1 10 37 1 - 1 1 3 3 * 1 1 * ” - - 1 “ 5 - “ 2 * - 9 4 * - - * * * - * _ - - - - 8 * * ” * - 3 3 - 6 - - - - * - . - 4 - 11 * _ - . - _ FILE CLERKS ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------- 100 80 36.5 36.0 123.00 120.50 12M.50 125.00 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 1 2 6 . OC 1 0 9 . 0 0 - 1 2 6 . OC - - 9 5 FILE CLERKS, CLASS C --------------------- 80 36.5 116.00 121.00 105.00-125.00 - 9 19 MESSENGERS ------------------------------------------ 26 MO.O 12M.50 126.00 117.00-136.50 - 2 M M 7 6 2 - 1 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS ---------------------- 25 38.5 1M8.00 146.5C 9 M . 0 0 - 1 8 7 . OC 6 2 - - 1 1 4 - 1 2 2 - 6 - - - - - - - - 115 91 MO.O MO.O 138.00 138.50 131.00 133.50 120.00-1M3.50 12M.00-1MM.5C _ _ 9 5 15 13 24 16 35 32 9 7 5 4 3 3 8 8 - - - - - - 1 1 i 1 - SWITCHBOARD OPtRATOR-PECEPTIONlSTSMANUFACTURING ------------------------------- See footn otes at end o f tables. 3 5 i Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in York, Pa., February 1977— Continued W eek ly earnings 1 (standard)______ Num ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e w eek ly earn in gs of— i Average w eekly hours1 (standard) S $ 80 90 loo 110 120 130 140 15 0 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 280 300 90 Occupation and in du stry d iv is io n 100 110 12 0 13 0 140 150 16Q 17 0 180 190 200 2lQ 220 230 240 250 260 280 300 320 3 3 5 5 12 12 3 3 1 1 7 7 13 29 - - 8 3 3 6 1 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 4 _ M iddle ranged ALL W O R K E R S — CONTINUED 54 52 A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S -------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -------- 40.0 40.0 155.50 156.50 153.00 154.50 137.00-176.00 137.00-176.50 364 153 O R D E R C L E R K S --------------------M A N U F A C T U R E D ---------- — — 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 1 4 3 . 5C 160.00 131.00 160.50 137.00 151.00 124.00 147.50 119.00136.00113.00140.00- 211 33 155.00 174.00 147,50 187.50 13 - 1 29 - 58 9 49 2 A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S . C L A S S A ---M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------ ---- 122 64 58 40.0 40.0 40.0 166.50 178.00 1 5 4 . 0C 161.00 172.00 148.50 141.00153.00125.00- 1 8 5 . 5C 188.50 170.00 A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S , C L A S S B -------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------- 242 89 153 40.0 40.0 40.0 131.50 146.50 122.50 125.00 138.00 119.00 114.00127.00108.00- 146.00 153.00 136.50 84 57 39.0 39.0 152.50 170.50 142.00 168.50 120.00-176.00 142.00-185.50 68 41 39.0 39.5 1 4 0 . 5C 158.00 140.00 142.00 120.00140.00- 29 4 0 .0 150.00 140.00 130.00-157.00 P A Y R O L L C L E R K S -----------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------- 104 89 39.5 39.5 1 4 9 . 5C 147.50 150.00 1 4 5 . 0C 131.00128.00- 160.50 161.50 4 4 9 9 2 2 K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R S ------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------- 344 169 175 40.0 40.0 40.0 133.00 147.50 119.50 125.50 137.50 112.0C 108.00120.00108.00- 141.50 151.00 130.00 24 12 12 67 12 55 89 55 34 40.0 40.0 40.0 172.00 189.50 143.00 148.00 161.00 142.50 1 4 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 6 . 0C 141.50255.00 129.50147.50 255 114 40.0 40.0 119.50 1 2 7 . OC 1 1 9 . 0C 1 2 9 . OC 108.00114.00- n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------- BOOKKEEPING-MACMINE OPERATORS — M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------b o o k k e e p i n g -m a ch ine MANUFACTURING MACHINE bi ll ers o p e r a t o r s -------------------- KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------- 39 21 18 - 8 8 4 4 2 2 51 23 28 16 41 19 22 2 20 14 6 12 6 6 12 8 4 12 11 1 3 3 - 11 8 3 - 13 9 4 2 16 15 1 1 3 3 - - i - 10 3 7 - 8 9 13 9 4 19 11 8 26 50 9 41 44 20 24 30 21 9 38 14 24 22 8 14 8 8 1 1 4 4 • 1 9 4 1 - 13 - i 13 8 1 24 24 2 2 3 3 7 7 6 6 1 1 1 1 9 1 - 28 15 144.00 175.00 132.00 136.00 7 9 u - 2 • - • - 1 1 - 2 • - - - - - 6 1 5 - 2 - - . - 1 1 2 - - - - • • - - - 1 6 - 6 6 - • 6 4 - 24 24 2 2 7 7 4 9 2 6 21 9 6 18 16 15 21 12 3 3 52 15 37 50 23 27 53 38 15 46 26 20 9 9 - 15 8 7 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 10 10 11 11 1 1 - 5 1 4 7 1 6 8 6 2 27 12 15 5 5 - 11 6 5 2 - 1 1 1 1 10 10 11 11 24 66 12 11 47 14 43 22 4 4 4 2 3 3 at end o f ta b le s . 54 23 31 2 6 6 , ------------------------- K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S A -----M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------- S e e fo o tn o te s 2 1 4 10 45 32 19 14 5 2 7 7 4 • Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in York, Pa., February 1977 W e ek ly e a r n in g s 1 (s ta n d a rd ) O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n N um ber of w orkers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f ---$ A verage w e e k ly hours 1 (sta n d a rd ) $ M ean * M e d ia n ^ M id d le ra n g e * COMPUTER SYSTEMS Vo U j I 'L . j u * * " 150 160 170 190 20 0 210 s 220 S > 230 240 26C 280 300 - - 280 300 320 7 7 1j 3 7 6 1 5 6 140 150 160 170 160 190 200 21 0 220 230 240 260 WORKERS ANALYSTS " u" " " $ $ $ 2 7 1 .5 0 -3 4 5 .0 0 J06* 2 86 .00 2 8 6 • 00 246 .50 2 6 0 .50 2 3 0 .00 2 4 2 . 0C 2 42 .50 235 .00 1 9 0 . 5 0 - 2 7 9 . OC 1 85 .00 -3 19 .30 1 92 .00 -2 69 .10 " 33 COMPUTER PROORAMMERS (B U S I N E S S ) ------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 76 40 36 44 COMPUTER OPERATORS, 38 CLASS C 5b 34 - - - - - - 4 3 1 - 3 3 7 3 4 5 5 4 1 4 3 l - i 2 6 3 * 3 1 3 1 3 250 .00 1 9 8 .50 -2 71 .00 - - “ 3 “ 2 4 * 1 2 2 2 6 7 1 77 .00 2 0 7 . 0C 152.00 1 60 .00 1 7 7 . 0C 149.00 1 40 .00 -1 86 .00 1 4 9 . 0 0 - 2 0 1 . 5C 137 .50 -1 71 .00 13 7 2 5 23 7 1 15 9 9 - - 2 4 - - 6 5 2 1 1 - 6 8 5 3 - 17 5 2 3 - - 40.0 40.0 162.50 1 62 .00 1 6 0 . OC 1 4 b . 5 0 - 1 8 0 . 0 0 160.00 1 4 8 .0 0 -1 7 7 .5 0 1 11 1 2 1 8 5 4 9 6 6 6 - 5 4 5 3 1 12 2 12 4 1 5 1 1 7 7 10 10 9 5 1 3 12 8 11 5 20 16 15 15 45 41 18 16 36 30 33 33 37 30 14 14 - - - 2 2 3 3 7 7 4 4 22 22 8 8 6 4 9 6 297 232 4 0.0 40.0 2 16 .50 212 .00 2 1 7 .50 2 1 5 .50 1 9 0 . 0 0 - 2 4 0 . 5C 1 93 .50 -2 36 .50 DRAFTERS. CLASS A -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------- 58 49 4 0.0 40.0 2 56 ,50 244 .50 2 4 9 . 5C 2 3 9 . 0 0 - 2 6 4 . 5 0 246 .00 2 3 1 .5 0 -2 5 9 .0 0 - _ * - DRAFTERS. CLASS b -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 1 56 12 5 4 0.0 40.0 222 .50 2 1 7 .50 2 2 2 .00 2 20 .50 2 0 1 .0 C -2 3 6 .5 C 2 01 .5 0 -2 3 6 .5 0 _ . - - - - DRAFTERS, CLASS C ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 73 54 4 0 .0 4 0.0 181.00 1 76.00 1 85 .00 1 85 .00 140.00 -2 06 .00 1 3 9 . 5 0 - 1 9 9 . 5C 5 5 10 10 5 i 5 3 226.00 2 10 .00 1 9 0 .0 C -2 6 7 .0 C “ - “ IN D U S T R I A L NURSES --------------- 25 o 1 4 4 . SC --------------------------------------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------------------- DRAFTERS o 1 4 4 . SC 1 2 6 . 5 0 - 1 5 1 . 0C ----------- S e e fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le s . 11 6 5 2 36 .50 o COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B ----------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 4b - 4 0.0 40.0 *♦ 0.0 O 100 JW $ O 36 COMPUTER OPERATORS --------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 40.0 o COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B ----------------------------------------------------------- REGISTERED $ $ i 180 and unde r 130 ALL 140 S i i 130 6 6 120 5 - - - “ * * 5 5 6 2 11 7 6 6 34 32 12 10 27 21 26 28 6 8 6 2 2 9 9 9 9 9 7 3 3 2 2 1 1 7 - 2 4 3 2 6 * 1 - 2 6 2 320 34Q 340 - 360 360 380 38Q 400 anc] 4QQ o v e r Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex, in York, Pa., February 1977 Avera ge (m ea n 2 ) A vera ge (m ea n 2 ) S e x , 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Number of workers W eekly hours 1 [standard) W eek ly earnings 1 (standard) S e x , 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n MEN OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED ▼v,r. T Number of worken W eekly hours 1 (standard) W eekly earnings1 (standard) A vera ge (m ea n 2 ) S e x , 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUEO - Weekly hours 1 [standard) W eekly earnings 1 (standard) - $ L T. .r-r^ ........ Number of worken JC J „ , A , 78 $ 145.00 1A 100 399 170 3 9 .5 59 42 4 0 ,0 2 14 .00 220 .50 98 33 3 9 .0 187.00 176.50 . 176.00 159.50 80 1 LLA 3 6 .5 30 148.00 " 137.00 137.00 SWITCHBOARD OPtHATOR-RECEPTION1STS - 'j n • AA 00 uJ J 116.00 25 ___ _______ __ _ _ . r- .t 90 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS 306.5C ORDER CLERKS ----------------------------------------------------- 33 4 0 .0 135.00 33 84 174 /A f 40 .0 1 -i 0 . j 158.00 COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (B U S IN E S S ) . 151.50 1 j 7 . _iv ' 0 0 l^ i no 165 96 69 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 145.00 Avv 11 v w L l'* 'jf LL j 0 .0 A 2 38 .00 rtn r r M T - r f , ___ 158.00 93 33 36 162.00 vUWr U 1Ln Uf L*'A 1UK 4 0 .0 LLAJ j u i*0.0 .- A\,L v UN 1i • ’fb L u l K vj f I.L Aj j H u 234 83 1 2 8 .d C 84 152.50 1 7 0 .5C 1 J O» J 1 U KAr|tko /A A A A A 2 15 .00 " , „ ''*'"0 ^ rc 2 44 .50 NONMANUFa CTUR I N G -------------------------- 25 jy p 4 0 .0 1 6 1 .0C BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS. 99 41 4 0 .0 78 Un A* 1L hd ♦ vL Aj j Li "" ® 156.00 57 44 150.00 ,0 0 76 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN DRAFTERS ---------------------------------------------See footn otes at end o f tables. 6 30 o c 39 5 1 '' * 5 0 171.50 Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in York, Pa., February 1977 Hourly earnings 4 N u m b e r o f w o rk e rs r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f---- s O ccu p ation and in d u s tr y d iv is io n workers M ea n 2 M ed ian 2 M iddle range 2 T 4 .2 0 5 1 — 1 ------- 5 $ 4 . 4 0 4 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 5 .0 0 5 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5 .2 0 2 2 3 .3 0 of * 4 4 3 3 4 4 6 6 1 1 3 5 5 • 21 21 33 33 - 5 2 3 3 - S 3 .5 0 s 3 .6 0 S 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 7 3 .9 0 4 . 0 0 3 f 50 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 $ 3 .4 0 i 5 .6 0 $ 6 .0 0 $ 6 .4 0 $ 6 .8 0 $ 7 .2 0 ~J------- T ~ 3 -----$ 7 .6 0 8 .0 0 8 .4 0 8 .8 0 5 .6 0 6 .0 0 6 .4 0 6 .8 0 7 .2 0 7 .6 0 8 .0 0 8 .4 0 8 .8 0 1 1 4 4 11 11 8 2 2 2 • - - - 1 1 * - 6 6 5 5 20 20 76 76 16 16 _ . - - - 29 11 25 25 • 3 • 9 9 5 5 23 23 17 17 60 60 17 17 16 16 • - - - - 2 - - * * 11 11 3 3 4 4 3 3 15 13 62 48 55 55 13 13 2 2 3 “ 1 1 45 39 - 39 * 2 2 3 3 3 23 23 - 12 2 10 8 2 6 5 1 4 14 4 56 1 55 55 12 - 21 21 and u n der 3 .4 0 4 .2 0 ALL W O R K E R S M A I N T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R S --------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 36 30 $ 5 .6 5 5 .5 1 $ 5 .6 3 5 .6 3 $ $ 5 .0 7 - 6 .2 3 4 . 9 5 - 5 .6 3 M A I N T E N A N C E E L E C T R I C I A N S -----------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 191 1 /3 6 .6 7 6 .5 1 6 .2 9 6 .2 5 6 .0 5 5 .9 5 - 8 .1 2 6 .7 6 • M A I N T E N A N C E M A C H I N I S T S --------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- IS A 152 6 .0 1 5 .9 9 6 .1 6 6 .1 3 5 .3 9 5 .3 9 - 6 .3 0 6 .2 9 - - - . M A I N T E N A N C E M E C H A N I C S (MACH I N E R Y ) M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 316 2S2 6 .2 2 5 .9 0 6 .0 1 5 .8 3 5 .1 0 - 8 .1 2 4 . 5 2 - 6 .3 2 - • - * • MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ---------------- 159 A1 118 103 6.66 5 .5 7 7 .0 4 7 .2 0 6 .9 9 4 .8 5 7 .6 0 7 .7 5 5 . 0 8 - 7 .7 7 4 . 8 2 - 5 .8 4 6 . 5 8 - 7 .7 7 6 . 7 5 - 7 .9 0 * - M A I N T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R S ------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 60 60 6 .7 1 6 .7 1 6 .0 3 6 .0 3 5 . 8 3 - 8 .3 6 5 . 8 3 - 8 .3 6 M A I N T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R S ---------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 105 84 4 .9 2 4 .7 9 4 .8 1 4 .7 9 4 .7 C - 5 .4 2 4 . 0 5 - 5 .0 2 T O O L A N D DIE M A K E R S -----------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 211 211 6 .8 6 6 .8 6 6 .8 0 6 .8 0 S T A T I O N A R Y E N G I N E E R S ----------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 25 25 7 .2 0 7 .2 0 B O I L E R T E N D E R S ----------- ------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------- 41 41 4 .9 3 4 .9 3 - • _ . - * 2 2 . * 4 4 - - - - - “ - - - 6 - 2 12 12 14 - 14 11 2 “ 11 11 17 17 lb . 10 - 24 3 8 8 - • - “ 6 . 4 3 - 7 .4 4 6 . 4 3 - 7 .4 4 15 15 8 a 25 25 57 57 35 35 6 .8 7 6 .8 7 6 . 2 8 - 8 .3 6 6 . 2 8 - 8 .3 6 1 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 1 1 4 .9 5 4 .9 5 4 . 3 1 - 5 .7 6 4 . 3 1 - 5 .7 6 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 • - 1 1 8 a See fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le s . ~ 7 9 9 • * • - 4 4 2 2 3 3 " - • 24 24 • - 10 10 6 6 8 8 8 8 - 8 8 - 4 4 • 6 6 6 1 - - 1 1 - • - - • . - - 1 1 - 7 7 - - - - 49 49 4 4 7 7 11 11 - • 1 1 11 11 - • “ “ - • ** - - Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in York, Pa., February 1977 Hourly earnings O ccu p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n of workers 4 N u m ber of w o rk ers r e c e iv in g $ S 3 s 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2.5 0 2 .6 0 M ean2 M edia n 2 M iddle range 2 S 2.7 0 s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f— S 5 T S 3 $ 2 .8 0 2 90 3.0 0 3.2 0 3 .40 3.6 0 s i S S S 3 .80 4 . 00 4 .20 4 • ^0 4 .8 0 S 5 .20 S 5.6 0 S S S 6 .0 0 6*40 6.8 0 ~s— i 7.20 7.6 0 and u n der $ 6 .2 7 4 .3 6 6 .9 2 7 .8 2 $ 7 .6 5 4 .4 1 7 .7 7 7 .7 7 $ 4 .4 2 — 3 .6 3 5 .8 6 7 .7 7 - TRUCKORIVERS. LIGHT TRUCK ----- 47 3 .4 7 3 .4 0 r\ ) TRUCKORIVERS. MEDIUM TRUCK --MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 2B3 87 6 . 10 4 .1 7 7 .7 7 3 .6 3 4 .1 8 - 7.77 3 .6 3 - 5 .0 6 TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK (TR A ILE R ) -------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING — 300 69 231 6.6 0 4 .6 5 7.18 7 .6 5 4 .4 1 7 .7 7 $ 7.7 7 4 .7 5 7 .8 7 7.9 5 * - - 4 • - . * 2 .9 0 3. 00 3 .2 0 * 3.4 0 3 • 60 3.8 0 4 .00 4 . 20 4 .40 4 .8 0 5 .2 0 5 .60 6 .0 0 6 t 40 6.8 0 5 .7 9 - 7 .7 7 4 .4 1 - 4.7 1 5 .8 6 - 7 .7 7 TRUCKORIVERS -------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S --------------- ui i 793 202 591 377 2.5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 o 2.4 0 ALL WORKERS - 4 4 - * 7 1 6 - - 2 7 - 1 . - . - 2 2 - * 9 1 8 - 3 3 * 33 19 14 * 8 1 6 1 15 13 38 36 1 1 2 2 40 38 2 - 1 1 TRUCKORIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK (OTHER THAN TRAILER) -----------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- AO 25 4 .9 3 4 .3 8 4 .5 7 4 .4 2 4 .4 2 - 5 .8 6 4 .0 0 - 4 .5 7 SHIPPING CLERKS -------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 177 171 6.0 0 6.0 1 7 .0 6 7 .0 6 4 .9 6 - 7 .0 6 4 .8 7 - 7.22 _ RECEIVING CLERKS ------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 153 83 4 .3 7 4 .7 4 4 .8 8 A . 84 3»5Q — 5 »05 3 .9 3 - 5.1 5 . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 74 57 4 .5 9 4 .9 0 4 .2 0 4 .5 9 3 .7 9 - 5 .2 4 4 .0 0 - 5 .2 o WAREHOUSEMEN -------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 117 109 5 .3 7 5 .3 9 5 .6 8 5 .6 8 5 .1 3 - 5 .6 8 5 .1 3 - 5.6 8 ORDER FILLERS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 392 201 4 . 10 4 .3 2 4.3C 4 .4 2 SHIPPING PACKERS ------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 410 235 3.6 5 4 .3 6 MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS ------MANUFACTURING ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------- 744 46b 279 184 FORKLIFT OPERATORS --------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS (OTHER THAN FORKLIFT) --------------------------- 7 6 1 - 32 6 26 - 29 20 9 - 71 58 13 - 21 17 4 - - 12 2 1 1 - 1 14 17 4 15 11 14 14 - 38 38 *♦ 4 18 9 9 62 - - - - * " 15 6 4 4 - 10 10 * 2 2 6 6 * 5 S 2 2 7 7 1 1 2 3 * _ “ * - “ - - “ - * - _ - - - _ * • 4 4 1 1 4 13 1 8 5 i - - 1 1 - - * - - - - _ - 2 .5 5 - 5 .5 8 2 .9 4 - 4.9 4 29 9 12 4 3.2 0 4 .4 2 2 .5 5 - 4 .7 3 3 .4 8 - 5 .1 4 35 7 16 4 5 .1 5 4.3 0 6 .5 6 7.7 1 4 .6 0 4 .0 0 7 .6 8 7.7 7 3 .4 9 3 .1 4 5 .5 8 7 .6 8 - 6 10 10 638 531 5.2 4 5 .0 0 5 .0 0 5.0C 4 .1 1 - 6 .9 2 3 .9 4 - 5.5 4 44 5 .1 2 5 .0 2 - _ 36 27 9 - 1 - - - 3 _ - - 3 3 . 62 - 15 15 1 1 1 1 15 - 5 5 13 13 10 10 19 19 19 19 6 - 11 11 4 4 8 6 2 2 60 28 5 5 11 5 1 1 2 - 7 7 15 12 3 3 - - 15 15 - - 2 2 - 17 15 16 12 11 11 69 67 8 * - - * “ * . • - - - - ” * - * " - 1 1 * 1 1 65 13 25 9 « 8 10 6 8 4 13 13 6 6 5 5 3 3 1 1 - 17 17 26 26 39 39 87 - - 99 3 9 1 8 4 27 15 5 5 1 1 17 17 16 16 4 4 7 7 11 11 7 7 56 41 34 34 15 15 36 36 17 13 4 * 4 4 2 2 10 10 44 44 20 20 66 66 - - - « - 67 32 35 “ - - * * - * - - - - - - 55 55 42 42 17 17 14 14 34 34 54 31 - * _ 6 6 31 31 160 - - 1 - 9 9 3 3 - - - - - - 38 38 - - - 7 7 - - - 75 75 2 - - - - 2 - - - lo 2 182 89 89 84 84 38 1 7 7 - * 47 - - 18 16 - - 54 34 7 7 6 6 - - 14 - - - 6 3 5 4 2 - 10 - - - 6 - - 8 4 16 2 6 9 26 16 - 24 7 6 - - 39 11 28 18 6 12 7 4 3 1 1 * 9 5 4 22 9 13 29 21 8 37 36 1 16 14 2 28 20 8 45 29 16 24 24 * 51 46 3 43 38 5 32 32 • - 4 .6 4 3 .9 8 3 .3 5 - 7 .1 3 - - - MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 136 3.7 7 3 .8 7 3 .0 5 - 4 .4 4 6 - JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS MANUFACTURING ------------ --------— NONMANUFACTURING ------------------- 499 327 172 3 .7 8 4 .2 6 2 .8 7 3 .7 2 4 .2 2 2.5C 2 .6 0 - 4 .5 3 3 .5 2 - 4 .9 7 2 .4 0 - 3.2 0 47 6 41 See footn otes at end o f ta b les. 8 - 3 - - 16 16 - 3 16 - - - - 22 22 - - - 63 120 120 182 3 3 18 18 w atchm en: - _ 30 30 GUARCSt MANUFACTURING ------------------------- - 16a - 14 14 18 - - 9 9 7 6 _ 8 8 - 8 8 3 “ - - 16 16 11 6 148 _ 5 4 2 .8 C - 4 .4 2 3 .0 5 - 4 .4 h 413 374 - 3 8 3 .7 5 3 .8 7 • • 44 44 18 14 3 .8 5 4 .0 5 1 1 49 49 - 231 199 29 1 28 - 2 - 76 52 24 3 3 - 48 34 14 * 4 4 - 71 65 6 29 29 - 6 2 4 * 7 - * - - 413 _ 13 7 - • - 5 1 - tleOO - _ * • 7 .— 6 3 3 3 78 1 77 - - 5 .0 2 - 5 .4 3 6.81 4 .7 7 7.7 7 7 .7 7 * GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 1 1 7.2 0 - * Sex, N um ber of w orkers o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n 3 A verage (m e a n 2 ) Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n e a r n in g s 4 1Iw A m 1 w ri Wr( v t v »1 LTi N um ber of w orkers A verage (m e a n *) h ou rly e arn in gs 4 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED MAINTENANCE > TOOLROOM, AND POWERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - MEN |^11 ^ TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------- 25 93 9 .3 8 MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------- 71 4. 60 ----------------------------------------------------- 117 5.3 7 \U 1 " L R 1S2 - 276 212 1n n 1 L l K i | * 5.8 5 5.3 6 6 .5 8 103 maintenance (MACHINERY) • nAri 5 .9 9 152 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS 7.20 WAREHOUSEMEN m ec h anic s v L 1n m U L j , „ ------------------------------------------- 167 <*.58 MANUFACTURING rl M 1 m 1 L * MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------- 385 97 5. 82 205 3. 56 -------------------------------------------- 136 3. 77 JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS -----MANUFACTURING --------------------- --------- -----------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 335 209 126 3.71 9 .2 3 2 .8 9 61 3. 96 1' L L * L h u 77 ' * * 6*7^ *-« * * -4- 9 .9 3 WATCHMEN! manufacturing m aterial movement and custodial OCCUPATIONS - MEN ----------------------------------------------------- NONMANUFACTURING ----------- ------------------------ -t - TRUCKDRIVERS oo c Table A -6 . A verage hourly earnings of m aintenance, toolroom , pow erplant, m aterial m ovem ent, and custodial w orkers. by sex, in Y ork, Pa., February 1977 6. 25 563 6.90 OCCUPATIONS - W OMEN SHIPPING PACKERS: TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK m an u fac tu r in g -------------------------------------------- l 1W w I L w H J JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS ---- 192 c .96 . See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s . 9 Table A -7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for em plo ym ent shifts, for selected occupational groups in Y ork, Pa., fo r selected periods F e b r u a r y 1972 F e b r u a r y 1973 F e b r u a r y 1974 F e b r u a r y 1975 to to to to F e b r u a r y 1973 F e b r u a r y 1974 F e b r u a r y 1975 F e b r u a r y 1976 In d u s try and o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p 5 F e b r u a r y 1976 to F e b r u a r y 1977 A ll in d u s tr ie s : 4.9 9.6 7.5 6.8 (6) 7.0 5.5 6.0 ( 6) 5.1 10.5 9.4 (6) 9.7 8.8 8.5 8.0 8.4 7.5 5.3 5.5 9.5 7.1 6.4 (6) (6) 7.0 5.6 6.3 (? ) ( 6) (? ) 5.8 7.1 6.6 M a n u fa c tu rin g : O f f ic e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g , . In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s ___ S k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s U n s k ille d p lan t w o r k e r s . __ __ ........... N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g In d u s tr ia l n u rs e s U n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s ___ 5.1 ( 6) O ffic e c l e r i c a l E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s S k ille d m a in te n a n c e tr a d e s U n s k ille d p lan t w o r k e r s 5.8 6.3 6.0 11.3 9.7 ( 6) 8.7 9.0 ( 6) 0) ( 6) 8.3 7.0 (,6) _ _ C ) C> (?) ( 6) (6 ) 5.8 (? ) ( 6) 8.9 (6) ( 6) __ ( 6) (6 ) 8.4 __ 7.6 7.6 (?) Footnotes1 2 1 S ta n d a rd h o u rs r e f le c t th e w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la rie s ( e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r tim e a t r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s ) , and the e a rn in g s c o rre s p o n d to th e se w e e k ly h o u rs . 2 T h e m e a n is c o m p u te d f o r each jo b b y t o ta lin g th e e a rn in g s o f a l l w o r k e r s and d iv id in g by th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s p o s itio n — h a lf o f th e w o rk e r s r e c e iv e th e sam e o r m o re and h a lf r e c e iv e th e sa m e o r le s s th a n th e ra te show n. T h e m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y tw o r a te s o f pay; a f o u r th o f th e w o r k e r s e a rn th e sam e o r le s s th a n th e lo w e r o f th e s e r a te s and a fo u r th e a rn th e sa m e o r m o re th a n th e h ig h e r ra te . 3 E arn in gs data re la te only to w o rk ers w hose sex id en tifica tion was p r o v i d e d by the establishm ent. 4 Exclu des prem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and la te shifts. 5 E s tim a te s f o r p e rio d s end in g p r io r to 1976 r e la te to m e n o n ly f o r s k ille d m a in te n a n c e and u n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s . A l l o th e r e s tim a te s r e la te to m e n and w o m en . 6 D a ta do n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a o r d a ta n o t a v a ila b le . 10 Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey D ata on a r e a w a g e s and r e la te d b e n e fits a r e ob ta in ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u reau f ie ld r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s at 3 - y e a r in t e r v a ls . In ea c h o f the in te r v e n in g y e a r s , in fo r m a tio n on e m p lo y m e n t and o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s is c o lle c te d b y a c o m b in a tio n o f p e r s o n a l v is it , m a il q u e s tio n n a ire , and t e l e phone in t e r v ie w f r o m e s ta b lis h m e n ts p a r tic ip a tin g in the p r e v io u s s u r v e y . In ea c h o f the 74 * a r e a s c u r r e n t ly s u r v e y e d , data a r e ob ta in ed fr o m 1 r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s : M a n u fa c tu rin g ; tr a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u s try g ro u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th es e s tu d ies a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tru c tio n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h a vin g f e w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d b e ca u s e o f in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m en t in the o c c u p a tio n s stu d ied . S e p a r a te ta b u la tio n s a r e p r o v id e d f o r each o f the b ro a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . U n le s s o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d , the e a r n in g s data fo llo w in g the jo b t it le s a r e f o r a ll in d u s tr ie s c o m b in e d . E a r n in g s data fo r s o m e o f the o c c u p a tio n s lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d , o r f o r s o m e in d u s try d iv is io n s w ith in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y , a r e n ot p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s b eca u se e ith e r (1 ) e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it p r e s e n ta tio n , o r (2 ) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t d ata. S e p a ra te m e n 's and w o m e n 's e a rn in g s data a r e n ot p r e s e n te d w hen the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s not id e n tifie d b y s e x is 20 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f the m en o r w o m e n id e n tifie d in an oc c u p a tio n . E a r n in g s data n o t shown s e p a r a t e ly f o r in d u s try d iv is io n s a r e in clu d ed in data f o r a ll in d u s tr ie s c o m b in e d . L ik e w is e , f o r o c c u p a tio n s w ith m o r e than one l e v e l, data a r e in c lu d e d in the o v e r a l l c la s s ific a t io n w hen a s u b c la s s ific a tio n is n o t shown o r in fo r m a tio n to s u b c la s s ify is n o t a v a ila b le . O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s data a r e shown f o r f u ll- t im e w o r k e r s , i. e ., th ose h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le. E a r n in g s data e x c lu d e p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . N o n p ro d u c tio n b on u ses a r e ex c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a llo w a n c e s and in c e n tiv e b on u ses a r e in clu d ed . W e e k ly h ou rs fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l and p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l occ u p a tio n s r e f e r to the stan dard w o rk w e e k ' (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r) f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f p a y f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r an d / o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th es e occu p atio n s a r e roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . V e r t i c a l lin e s w ith in the d is trib u tio n o f w o r k e r s on s o m e A - t a b le s in d ic a te a chan ge in the s iz e o f the c la s s in t e r v a ls . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e con du cted on a s a m p le b a s is . T h e sa m p lin g p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e d e ta ile d s tr a t ific a t io n o f a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the scop e o f an in d iv id u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y in d u s try and n u m b er o f e m p lo y e e s . F r o m th is s t r a t ifie d u n iv e r s e a p r o b a b ilit y s a m p le is s e le c te d , w ith each e s ta b lis h m e n t h a vin g a p r e d e te r m in e d chan ce o f s e le c tio n . T o ob ta in op tim u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t, a g r e a t e r p r o p o r tio n o f l a r g e than s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts is s e le c te d . W hen data a r e co m b in e d , ea c h e s ta b lis h m e n t is w e ig h te d a c c o r d in g to its p r o b a b ilit y o f s e le c tio n , so that u n b ia sed e s tim a te s a r e g e n e ra te d . F o r e x a m p le , i f one out o f fo u r e s ta b lis h m e n ts is s e le c te d , it is g iv e n a w e ig h t o f 4 to r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lus th r e e o th e rs . A n a lte r n a te o f the s a m e o r ig in a l p r o b a b ility is ch osen in the s a m e in d u s t r y - s iz e c l a s s i fic a tio n i f data a r e n ot a v a ila b le f r o m the o r ig in a l s a m p le m e m b e r . I f no su ita b le su b stitu te is a v a ila b le , a d d itio n a l w e ig h t is a s s ig n e d to a s a m p le m e m b e r that is s im ila r to the m is s in g unit. T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e the l e v e l o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s in an a r e a at a p a r t ic u la r tim e . C o m p a ris o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y not r e f l e c t e x p e c te d w a g e c h a n g e s . T h e a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l job s a r e a ffe c t e d b y ch an ges in w a g e s and e m p lo y m e n t p a tte r n s . F o r e x a m p le , p r o p o r tio n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y h ig h - o r lo w - w a g e f ir m s m a y ch an ge, o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e tte r jo b s and be re p la c e d b y new w o r k e r s a t lo w e r r a te s . Such s h ifts in e m p lo y m e n t cou ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e e v e n though m o s t e s ta b lis h m e n ts in an a r e a in c r e a s e w a g e s d u rin g the y e a r . C h an ges in e a rn in g s o f o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s, shown in ta b le A - 7 , a r e b e t t e r in d ic a to r s o f w a g e tre n d s than a r e e a rn in g s chan ges f o r in d iv id u a l jo b s w ith in the g ro u p s . O ccu p ation s and e a rn in g s O ccu p a tion s s e le c te d f o r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the fo llo w in g ty p e s : (1 ) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (2 ) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3 ) m a in te n a n c e , to o lr o o m , and p o w e rp la n t; and (4 ) m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t and c u s to d ia l. O c c u p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a sed on a u n ifo rm s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e s ig n e d to take accou n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u ties w ith in the sam e jo b . O ccu pation s s e le c te d fo r study a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in a p p en d ix B. A v e r a g e e a r n in g s r e f le c t c o m p o s ite , a r e a w id e e s tim a te s . In d u s trie s s ta ffin g , and thus c o n trib u te a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l to r e f le c t in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts . 1 Included in the 74 areas are 4 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, and e s ta b lis h m e n ts d if f e r in p a y l e v e l and jo b Ohio; Birmingham, A l a . ; Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va. —N. C. ; and d if fe r e n t ly to the e s tim a te s f o r ea c h jo b . P a y Syracuse, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration o f the U. S. Department o f Labor. a c c u r a t e ly the w a g e d if fe r e n t ia l am on g jo b s 11 A v e r a g e p a y le v e l s f o r m en and w o m e n in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s should n o t be a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d if fe r e n c e s in p a y o f the s e x e s w ith in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts . F a c t o r s w h ich m a y c o n trib u te to d if fe r e n c e s in c lu d e p r o g r e s s io n w ith in e s ta b lis h e d r a te ra n g e s (o n ly the r a te s p aid in cu m b en ts a r e c o lle c t e d ) and p e r fo r m a n c e o f s p e c ific d u ties w ith in the g e n e r a l s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip t io n s . Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed to c l a s s if y e m p lo y e e s in th e s e s u r v e y s u s u a lly a r e m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts and a llo w f o r m in o r d if fe r e n c e s am on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c ific d u ties p e r fo r m e d . E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g S k ille d m a in te n a n c e C o m p u te r s y s te m s a n a ly s ts , c la s s e s A , B, and C C o m p u te r p r o g r a m m e r s , c la s s e s A , B, and C C o m p u te r o p e r a t o r s , c la s s e s A , B, and C C a r p e n te r s E le c t r ic ia n s P a in t e r s M a c h in is ts M e c h a n ic s (m a c h in e r y ) M e c h a n ic s (m o to r v e h ic le ) P ip e f it t e r s T o o l and d ie m a k e r s O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and n o t the n u m b e r a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e s am on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts d if fe r , e s tim a te s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m the s a m p le o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n c e o f the jo b s stu d ied . These d if fe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e do n ot a f f e c t m a t e r ia lly the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n in g s data. In d u s tr ia l n u rs e s U n s k ille d p lan t R e g is t e r e d in d u s tr ia l n u rs e s J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s M a t e r ia l h a n d lin g la b o r e r s W a g e tr e n d s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l gro u p s T h e p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s p r e s e n te d in ta b le A - 7 a r e b a s e d on ch an ges in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f m en and w o m e n in e s ta b lis h m e n ts r e p o r tin g the tr e n d jo b s in both the c u r r e n t and p r e v io u s y e a r (m a tc h e d e s ta b lis h m e n ts ). T h e data a r e a d ju s te d to r e m o v e the e ffe c t s on a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f e m p lo y m e n t s h ifts a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts and tu r n o v e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts in c lu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p le s . T h e p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , a r e s t ill a ffe c t e d b y fa c t o r s o th e r than w a g e in c r e a s e s . H ir in g s , la y o ffs , and tu r n o v e r m a y a ffe c t an e s ta b lis h m e n t a v e r a g e f o r an o c c u p a tio n w hen w o r k e r s a r e p a id u n d e r plan s p r o v id in g a ra n g e o f w a g e r a te s f o r in d iv id u a l jo b s . In p e r io d s o f in c r e a s e d h ir in g , f o r e x a m p le , n e w e m p lo y e e s m a y e n te r at th e b o tto m o f the ra n g e , d e p r e s s in g the a v e r a g e w ith o u t a chan ge in w a g e r a t e s . T h e p e r c e n t c h a n g e s r e la t e to w a g e c h a n ges b e tw e e n th e in d ic a te d d a te s . W h en the t im e span b e tw e e n s u r v e y s is o th e r than 12 m on th s, annual r a te s a r e shown, ( i t is a s s u m e d that w a g e s in c r e a s e at a con stan t r a te b e tw e e n s u r v e y s .) O c c u p a tio n s u s e d to com p u te w a g e tr e n d s a r e : O f f ic e c l e r i c a l O r d e r c le r k s A c c o u n tin g c le r k s , c la s s e s A and B B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B P a y r o l l c le r k s K eyp u n ch o p e r a to r s , c la s s e s A and B a r e a s in the p r o g r a m a r e com p u ted 1. A v e r a g e e a r n in g s a r e c om p u ted f o r ea c h occ u p a tio n f o r the 2 y e a r s b e in g c o m p a r e d . T h e a v e r a g e s a r e d e r iv e d f r o m e a r n in g s in th o s e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w h ich a r e in the s u r v e y both y e a r s ; i t is a s s u m e d th at e m p lo y m e n t r e m a in s un ch an ged . 2. E a c h o c c u p a tio n is a s s ig n e d a w e ig h t b a s e d on its p r o p o r tio n a te e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p in the base y e a r. 3. T h e s e w e ig h ts a r e u sed to com p u te g ro u p a v e r a g e s . E a c h o c c u p a tio n 's a v e r a g e e a r n in g s (c o m p u te d in step 1) is m u ltip lie d b y its w e ig h t. T h e p ro d u c ts a r e to ta le d to o b ta in a g ro u p a v e r a g e . 4. T h e r a tio o f g ro u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u tiv e y e a r s is com p u ted b y d iv id in g th e a v e r a g e f o r the c u r r e n t y e a r b y the a v e r a g e f o r the e a r l i e r y e a r . T h e r e s u lt— e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t— le s s 100 is the p e r c e n t c h a n ge. F o r a m o r e d e ta ile d d e s c r ip t io n o f th e m eth o d u s e d to com p u te th e s e w a g e tr e n d s , s e e " I m p r o v in g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y In d e x e s , " M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , J a n u a ry 1973, pp. 5 2 -5 7 . _ O f f ic e c l e r i c a l — C ontinu ed S e c r e t a r ie s S ten o g ra p h e rs , g en e ra l S t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r T y p is t s , c la s s e s A and B F i l e c le r k s , c la s s e s A , B, and C M essen g ers S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s P e r c e n t c h a n ges f o r in d iv i as fo llo w s : E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p r o v is io n s T a b u la tio n s on s e le c te d e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) a r e n o t p r e s e n te d in th is b u lle tin . I n f o r m a tio n f o r th e s e ta b u la tio n s is c o lle c t e d a t 3 - y e a r in t e r v a ls . T h e s e ta b u la tio n s on m in im u m e n tr a n c e s a la r ie s f o r in e x p e r ie n c e d o f f ic e w o r k e r s ; s h ift d if fe r e n t ia ls ; s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u rs and d a y s; p a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p lan s a r e p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) in p r e v io u s b u lle tin s f o r th is a r e a . A ppendix ta b le 1. Establishm ents and w orkers w ith in scope of survey and num ber studied in Y ork, P a .,1 February 1977 I n d u s tr y d iv is io n 2 M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s ta b lis h m e n ts in scope o f s tu d y W ith in scope o f stu d y 4 W ith in scope o f s tu d y Num ber P e rc e n t 372 115 7 2 ,1 1 3 loo 4 1 ,5 0 7 231 67 48 5 3 ,1 0 9 1 9 ,0 0 4 74 26 3 2 ,3 1 5 9 ,1 9 2 5u 26 14 65 13 23 13 4 ,5 6 2 1 ,6 5 5 9 ,1 3 6 1 ,7 8 1 6 2 14 5 10 1,866 3 ,0 0 7 978 3 ,5 6 7 827 813 50 50 50 50 141 1 T h e Y o rk S ta n d a rd M e tr o p o lita n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d by th e O ffic e o f M a n a g e m e n t and B u d g e t th ro u g h F e b r u a r y 1974, c o n s is ts o f A d a m s and Y o rk C o u n tie s . T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in scope o f s tu d y " e s tim a te s show n in th is ta b le p r o v id e a re a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n o f th e s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f th e la b o r fo r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u rv e y . E s tim a te s a r e n o t in te n d e d , h o w e v e r, f o r c o m p a ris o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s to m e a s u re e m p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) p la n n in g o f w age s u rv e y s r e q u ire s e s ta b lis h m e n t da ta c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d v a n ce o f th e p a y r o ll p e r io d s tu d ie d , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e scope o f th e s u rv e y . 2 T h e 1972 e d itio n o f th e S ta n d a rd I n d u s t r ia l C la s s if ic a tio n M a n u a l w as used in c la s s if y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n . H o w e v e r, a l l g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a tio n s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e scope o f th e s u rv e y . 3 In c lu d e s a l l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith t o ta l e m p lo y m e n t a t o r above th e m in im u m lim it a t io n . A l l o u tle ts ( w ith in th e a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in in d u s tr ie s su c h as tra d e , fin a n c e , au to r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu r e th e a te rs a re c o n s id e re d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. S tudied S tudied SO “ ALL DIVISIONS ------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING------------------------------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------------TRANSPORTATION, c o m m u n i c a t i o n , AND o t h e r PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5 ---------------------------------------w h o l e s a l e ; t r a d e 6 --------------------------------------------------------RETAIL TRADE a --------------------------------------------------------------FINANCE, INSURANCf, a n d REAL ESTATE 6 -------------SERVICES6 7------------------------------------------------------------------------ W o r k e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts N u m b e r of e s ta b lis h m e n ts 6 13 2 3 4 In c lu d e s a l l w o r k e r s in a l l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t ( w ith in th e a re a ) a t o r above the m in im u m lim it a tio n . 5 A b b re v ia te d to " p u b lic u t il it ie s " in th e A - s e r ie s ta b le s . T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r t r a n s p o r ta t io n a r e e xclu d e d . 6 T h is d iv is io n is r e p re s e n te d in e s tim a te s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and " n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g " in th e A - s e r ie s ta b le s . S e p a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n o f da ta is not m ade f o r one o r m o re o f th e fo llo w in g re a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t is to o s m a ll to p ro v id e enough data to m e r i t s e p a ra te s tu d y , (2) th e s a m p le w a s n o t d e s ig n e d in i t i a l l y to p e r m it s e p a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) re s p o n s e w as in s u ff ic ie n t o r in a d e q u a te to p e r m it s e p a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t data. 7 H o te ls and m o te ls ; la u n d r ie s and o th e r p e rs o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir , r e n ta l, and p a r k in g ; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e rs h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ( e x c lu d in g r e lig io u s and c h a r ita b le o r g a n iz a tio n s ) ; and e n g in e e rin g and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . 13 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip tio n s f o r the B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s is t its f ie ld s ta ff in c la s s ify in g in to a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a tio n s w o r k e r s w ho a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s and d iffe r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n ts f r o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s t a b lis h m en t and f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is p e r m it s the g ro u p in g o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e r a te s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a r a b le jo b c on ten t. B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is on in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t and in t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b ilit y o f o c c u p a tio n a l c on ten t, the B u re a u 's jo b d e s c r ip tio n s m a y d if f e r s ig n ific a n t ly f r o m th o s e in u se in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts o r th o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g th e s e jo b d e s c r ip tio n s , the B u re a u 's f ie ld e c o n o m is ts a r e in s tr u c te d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s ; a p p r e n tic e s ; le a r n e r s ; b e g in n e r s ; and p a r t - t im e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s . H a n d ic a p p e d w o r k e r s w h o s e e a r n in g s a r e red u c e d b e ca u s e o f th e ir h a n d icap a r e a ls o e x c lu d e d . T r a in e e s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the s u r v e y e x c e p t f o r th ose r e c e iv in g o n - th e - jo b tr a in in g in s o m e o f the lo w e r l e v e l p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a tio n s . Office SECRETARY S E C R E T A R Y — C on tin u ed A s s ig n e d as p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a lly to one in d iv id u a l. M a in ta in s a c lo s e and h ig h ly r e s p o n s iv e r e la tio n s h ip to the d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r . W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e ta ile d s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l d u tie s , u s u a lly in c lu d in g m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : M a y a ls o p e r f o r m o th e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l ta s k s o f c o m p a ra b le n a tu re and d iffic u lt y . T h e w o r k t y p ic a lly r e q u ir e s k n o w le d g e o f o ffic e rou tin e and u n d e rs ta n d in g o f the o r g a n iz a tio n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la te d to the w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r . E x c lu s io n s a. R e c e iv e s te le p h o n e c a lls , p e r s o n a l c a lle r s , and in c o m in g m a il, a n s w e r s r o u tin e ' in q u ir ie s , and ro u te s te c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to the p r o p e r p e rs o n s ; b. c. in s tr u c te d ; E s ta b lis h e s , m a in ta in s , and r e v is e s the M a in ta in s the s u p e r v is o r 's s u p e r v is o r 's f i l e s ; c a le n d a r and m a k e s ap p oin tm en ts as N o t a l l p o s itio n s that a r e tit le d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the a b o v e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . E x a m p le s o f p o s itio n s w h ich a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the d e fin itio n a r e as fo llo w s : a. P o s itio n s w h ich d e s c r ib e d a b o v e ; b. d. R e la y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v is o r to s u b o rd in a te s ; e . R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d a , and r e p o r ts p r e p a r e d b y o th e r s f o r the s u p e r v is o r 's s ig n a tu re to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and ty p o g ra p h ic accu racy; f. P e r fo r m s s te n o g r a p h ic and ty p in g w o r k . s io n a l, do not m eet the " p e r s o n a l " s e c re ta ry c o n ce p t S te n o g ra p h e rs n o t f u lly tr a in e d in s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u tie s ; c . S te n o g ra p h e rs s e r v in g as o f f ic e a s s is ta n ts to a gro u p o f p r o f e s te c h n ic a l, o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ; d. S e c r e t a r y p o s itio n s in w h ich the d u tie s a r e e ith e r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e ro u tin e o r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e c o m p le x and r e s p o n s ib le that th o s e c h a r a c t e r iz e d in the d e fin itio n ; S E C R E T A R Y — C ontinu ed S E C R E T A R Y — C ontinu ed C la s s C E x c lu s io n s — C ontinu ed e. A s s is t a n t - t y p e p o s itio n s w h ich in v o lv e m o r e d iffic u lt o r m o r e 1. S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u tiv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e rs o n w h o s e r e s p o n r e s p o n s ib le te c h n ic a l, a d m in is t r a t iv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c ia liz e d c l e r i c a l s ib ilit y is not e q u iv a le n t to on e o f the s p e c ific l e v e l situ a tio n s in th e d e fin itio n d u ties w h ich a r e not t y p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r ia l w o rk . f o r c la s s B , but w h ose o r g a n iz a tio n a l unit n o r m a lly n u m b e rs at le a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p lo y e e s and is u s u a lly d iv id e d in to o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n ts w h ich a r e o fte n , in tu rn , fu r th e r s u b d ivid e d . In s om e c o m p a n ie s , th is l e v e l in c lu d e s a N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u sed in the l e v e l d e fin itio n s w id e r a n g e o f o r g a n iz a tio n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly one o r tw o ; o r fo llo w in g , r e f e r s to th o s e o f f ic ia ls who h a ve a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a te w id e p o lic y m a k in g r o le w ith r e g a r d to m a jo r c o m p a n y a c t iv it ie s . T h e t it le " v ic e 2. S e c r e t a r y to th e head o f an in d iv id u a l p lant, fa c t o r y , e tc . (o r p r e s i d e n t , " though n o r m a lly in d ic a tiv e o f th is r o le , d oes n ot in a ll c a s e s o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, fe w e r than 5 ,00 0 id e n tify such p o s itio n s . V ic e p r e s id e n ts w h o s e p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y is to p erso n s. a ct p e r s o n a lly on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r tr a n s a c tio n s (e . g . , a p p ro v e o r deny in d iv id u a l loan o r c r e d it a c tio n s ; a d m in is te r in d iv id u a l tr u s t a c c o u n ts ; d ir e c t ly C la s s D s u p e r v is e a c l e r i c a l s ta ff) a r e not c o n s id e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r 1. S e c r e t a r y to the s u p e r v is o r o r head o f a s m a ll o r g a n iz a tio n a l unit p u rp o s e s o f a p p ly in g the fo llo w in g l e v e l d e fin itio n s . (e . g . , f e w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ); o £ C la s s A 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e s id e n t o f a com p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s t a f f s p e c ia lis t, p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is tr a tiv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s is ta n t, s k ille d te c h n ic ia n , o r e x p e r t. (N O T E : M an y c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n s te n o g r a p h e r s , r a th e r than s e c r e t a r ie s as d e s c r ib e d a b o v e , to th is l e v e l o f s u p e r v is o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r .) STENO G RAPH ER 2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o th e r than the c h a ir m a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e s id e n t) o f a c om p a n y th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to the h ead , im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w the c o r p o r a t e o f f ic e r l e v e l , o f a m a jo r s e g m e n t o r s u b s id ia r y o f a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .* 5 4 3 2 1 C la s s B P r i m a r y duty is to ta k e d ic ta tio n u sin g sh orth an d , and to tr a n s c r ib e th e d ic ta tio n . M a y a ls o ty p e fr o m w r itte n c o p y . M a y o p e r a te fr o m a s te n o g ra p h ic p o o l. M a y o c c a s io n a lly t r a n s c r ib e fr o m v o ic e r e c o r d in g s ( i f p r im a r y duty is t r a n s c r ib in g f r o m r e c o r d in g s , s e e T r a n s c r ib in g - M a c h in e T y p is t ). N O T E : T h is jo b is d is tin g u is h e d f r o m th at o f a s e c r e t a r y in that a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a lly w o r k s in a c o n fid e n t ia l r e la tio n s h ip w ith on ly one m a n a g e r o r e x e c u tiv e and p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s ib le and d is c r e t io n a r y ta s k s as d e s c r ib e d in th e s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin itio n . 1. S e c r e t a r y to the c h a ir m a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f i c e r (o th e r than the c h a ir m a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e s id e n t) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to the h ead , im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w th e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r e ith e r a m a jo r c o r p o r a tio n w id e fu n c tio n a l a c t iv it y (e . g . , m a r k e tin g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a tio n s , in d u s tr ia l r e la t io n s , e t c .) o r a m a jo r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t (e . g . , a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a rte r s ; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a com p a n y th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p lo y e e s ; o r 4. S e c r e t a r y to th e head o f an in d iv id u a l p lant, f a c t o r y , e tc . (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 5. S e c r e t a r y to th e head o f a la r g e and im p o rta n t o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v is o r o f an o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t o fte n in v o lv in g as m a n y as s e v e r a l hundred p e r s o n s ) o r a com p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . S te n o g ra p h e r, G e n e r a l keep D ic ta tio n in v o lv e s a n o r m a l ro u tin e v o c a b u la r y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o th e r r e l a t i v e l y rou tin e c l e r i c a l ta s k s . S te n o g ra p h e r, S e n io r D ic ta tio n in v o lv e s a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l d r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y such as in le g a l b r ie f s o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o set up and m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e tc . OR P e r f o r m s s te n o g ra p h ic d u ties r e q u ir in g s ig n ific a n tly g r e a t e r in d e p en d en ce and r e s p o n s ib ilit y than s te n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l, as e v id e n c e d by the fo llo w in g : W o rk r e q u ir e s a high d e g r e e o f s te n o g ra p h ic sp eed and a c c u r a c y ; a th orou g h w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o ffic e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f the s p e c ific b u s in e s s o p e r a tio n s , o r g a n iz a tio n , p o lic ie s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k flo w , e tc . U s e s th is k n o w le d g e in p e r fo r m in g s te n o g ra p h ic d u tie s and r e s p o n s ib le c l e r i c a l ta s k s such as m a in ta in in g fo llo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b lin g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d a , and l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s in g s im p le le t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l in s tr u c tio n s ; r e a d in g and ro u tin g in c o m in g m a il; and a n s w e r in g ro u tin e q u e s tio n s , e tc . T R A N S C R IB IN G - M A C H IN E T Y P I S T M ESSENGER P r i m a r y d u ty is to tr a n s c r ib e d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l ro u tin e v o c a b u la r y f r o m t r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e r e c o r d s . M a y a ls o typ e f r o m w r itte n c o p y and do s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k . W o r k e r s t r a n s c r ib in g d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y such as le g a l b r ie f s o r r e p o r ts on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h a r e n o t in c lu d e d . A w o r k e r w h o ta k e s d ic ta tio n in sh orth an d o r b y S ten oty p e o r s im ila r m a c h in e is c la s s if ie d as a s te n o g r a p h e r . P e r f o r m s v a r io u s ro u tin e d u tie s such as running e r r a n d s , o p e r a tin g m in o r o f f ic e m a c h in e s such as s e a le r s o r m a i l e r s , o p en in g and d is tr ib u tin g m a il, and o th e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s itio n s th at r e q u ir e o p e r a tio n o f a m otor* v e h ic le as a s ig n ific a n t duty. T Y P IS T U s e s a t y p e w r it e r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls o r to m a k e ou t b i l l s a ft e r c a lc u la tio n s h a v e b een m a d e b y a n o th er p e r s o n . M a y in clu d ety p in g o f s t e n c ils , m a ts , o r s im ila r m a t e r ia ls f o r u se in d u p lic a tin g p r o c esses. M a y do c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g l i t t l e s p e c ia l tr a in in g , such as k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , f ilin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r tin g and d is trib u tin g in c o m in g m a il. C la s s A . P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w in g : T y p in g m a t e r ia l in fin a l f o r m w hen i t in v o lv e s c o m b in in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r r e s p o n s ib ilit y f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g , s y lla b ic a t io n , p u nctu ation , e tc ., o f t e c h n ic a l o r unusual w o r d s o r f o r e ig n la n gu a ge m a t e r ia l; o r p lan n in g la y o u t and ty p in g o f c o m p lic a te d s t a t is t ic a l ta b le s to m a in ta in u n ifo r m it y and b a la n c e in s p a c in g . M a y ty p e ro u tin e f o r m le t t e r s , v a r y in g d e ta ils to suit c ir c u m s ta n c e s . C la s s B. P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e o f th e fo llo w in g : C o p y ty p in g f r o m rou g h o r c l e a r d r a ft s ; o r ro u tin e ty p in g o f fo r m s , in s u r a n c e p o lic ie s , e tc .; o r s e ttin g up s im p le s ta n d a rd ta b u la tio n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s a lr e a d y s e t up and s p a c ed p r o p e r ly . F IL E C L E R K F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , and r e t r i e v e s m a t e r ia l in an e s ta b lis h e d f ilin g s y s te m . M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l and m an u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in f i l e s . P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to l e v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s . C la s s A . C l a s s if ie s and in d e x e s f i l e m a t e r ia l such as c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , te c h n ic a l d o c u m e n ts , e tc ., in an e s ta b lis h e d f ilin g s y s te m c o n ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r ie d s u b je c t m a tte r f i l e s . M a y a ls o f i l e th is m a t e r ia l. M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in c o n ju n c tio n w ith the f i l e s . M a y le a d a s m a ll g ro u p o f lo w e r l e v e l f i l e c le r k s . C la s s B. S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c la s s ifie d m a t e r ia l b y s im p le (s u b je c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t ly c la s s ifie d m a t e r ia l b y f in e r su b h ead in gs. P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s . A s re q u e s te d , lo c a t e s c l e a r l y id e n t ifie d m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r ia l. M ay p e r fo r m r e la te d c l e r i c a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v ic e f i l e s . C la s s C . P e r f o r m s ro u tin e f ilin g o f m a t e r ia l that h a s a lr e a d y b een c l a s s i fi e d o r w h ich is e a s ily c la s s ifie d in a s im p le s e r ia l c la s s ific a t io n s y s te m (e . g . , a lp h a b e tic a l, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l). As r e q u e s te d , lo c a t e s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r ia ls ; and m a y f i l l out w ith d r a w a l c h a r g e . M a y p e r f o r m s im p le c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v ic e f i l e s . S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a rd o r c o n s o le u s e d w ith a p r iv a t e b ra n c h e x c h a n g e (P B X ) s y s te m to r e l a y in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , and in t r a s y s t e m c a lls . M a y p r o v id e in fo r m a tio n to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and tr a n s m it m e s s a g e s , k e e p r e c o r d o f c a lls p la c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s . B e s id e s o p e r a tin g a te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a rd o r c o n s o le , m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m ro u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k (ty p in g o r ro u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y th e m a jo r p o r tio n o f th e w o r k e r 's t im e , and is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d w h ile at th e s w itc h b o a rd o r c o n s o le ). C h ie f o r le a d o p e r a t o r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than one o p e r a t o r a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r an o p e r a t o r who a ls o a c ts as a r e c e p t io n is t , s e e S w itc h b o a r d O p e r a t o r - R e c e p t io n is t . S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T A t a s in g le - p o s it io n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a rd o r c o n s o le , a c ts both as an o p e r a t o r — s e e S w itc h b o a r d O p e r a t o r — and as a r e c e p t io n is t . R e c e p t io n is t 's w o r k in v o lv e s such d u tie s as g r e e t in g v i s i t o r s ; d e te r m in in g n a tu re o f v i s i t o r 's b u s in e s s and p r o v id in g a p p r o p r ia t e in fo r m a tio n ; r e f e r r i n g v i s i t o r to a p p r o p r ia t e p e r s o n in the o r g a n iz a tio n o r c o n ta c tin g th at p e r s o n b y te le p h o n e and a r r a n g in g an a p p o in tm e n t; k e e p in g a lo g o f v i s i t o r s . ORDER C LE R K R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s f o r m a t e r i a l o r m e r c h a n d is e b y m a il, phone, o r p e r s o n a lly . D u tie s in v o lv e an y c o m b in a tio n o f the f o l l o w i n g : Q u oting p r ic e s to c u s to m e r s ; m a k in g ou t an o r d e r s h e e t lis t in g the ite m s to m a k e up the o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r ic e s and q u a n titie s o f ite m s on o r d e r s h e e t; and d is tr ib u tin g o r d e r s h e e ts to r e s p e c t iv e d e p a rtm e n ts to be f i l l e d . M ay c h e c k w ith c r e d it d e p a rtm e n t to d e te r m in e c r e d i t r a tin g o f c u s to m e r , a c k n o w l e d g e r e c e ip t o f o r d e r s f r o m c u s to m e r s , f o llo w up o r d e r s to s e e th at th e y h a v e b e en f ille d , k e e p f i l e o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d , and c h e c k ship p ing in v o ic e s w ith o r ig in a l o r d e r s . A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e a c c o u n tin g c l e r i c a l ta s k s such as p o s tin g to r e g i s t e r s and le d g e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g bank a c c o u n ts ; v e r i f y i n g the in t e r n a l c o n s is te n c y , c o m p le t e n e s s , and m a th e m a tic a l a c c u r a c y o f accou n tin g d o c u m e n ts ; a s s ig n in g p r e s c r ib e d a c c o u n tin g d is tr ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r if y i n g f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s ty p e s o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a lc u la tio n s , p o s tin g , e t c .; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s is tin g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p lic a te d jo u r n a l vou ch ers. M a y w o r k in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d ac c ou n tin g s y s te m . T h e w o r k r e q u ir e s a k n o w le d g e o f c l e r i c a l m eth o d s and o f f i c e p r a c t ic e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ich r e la t e s to the c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s in g and r e c o r d in g o f tr a n s a c tio n s and a c c o u n tin g in fo r m a tio n . W ith e x p e r ie n c e , the w o r k e r t y p ic a lly b e c o m e s f a m i l ia r w ith the b o o k k e e p in g and accou n tin g t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in the a s s ig n e d w o r k , but is n o t r e q u ir e d to h a ve a k n o w le d g e o f the f o r m a l p r in c ip le s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n tin g . P o s it io n s d e fin itio n s : are c la s s i fi e d in to le v e ls on the b a s is of the fo llo w in g A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K — C ontinu ed M A C H IN E B I L L E R — C ontinu ed C lass A . U n de r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s ac coun ting c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s w h ich r e q u i r e the a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r i e n c e and j u d g m e n t , f o r e x a m p l e , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p l i c a t e d o r n o n r e p e t i t i v e ac c ou n ting t r a n s ac tio n s , s e l e c t i n g am on g a su b s tan tia l v a r i e t y o f p r e s c r i b e d ac c ou n ting c o d e s and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c i n g t r a n s a c t i o n s th rough p r e v i o u s accounting actions to d e t e r m i n e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s . M a y be a s s i s t e d by one o r m o r e c l a s s B a ccoun ting c l e r k s . B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h i n e b i l l e r . U s e s a b oo k k e e p in g m ac h in e (w ith o r withou t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s as p a r t o f the accoun ts r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t i o n . G e n e r a l l y i n v o l v e s the s im u ltaneo us e n t r y o f f i g u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' l e d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u la te s f i g u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c olu m n s and c om p u te s and u s u a lly p rin ts a u t o m a t i c a l l y the d e b it o r c r e d i t b a l a n c e s . D oe s not i n v o l v e a k n o w le d g e o f b o o k k e e p in g . Works fro m u n i fo r m and standard ty p es o f s a le s and c r e d i t s li p s . C l a s s B. Un der c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n , f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d in s t r u c t i o n s and s ta n d a r d i z e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s one o r m o r e routine a ccoun ting c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , such as p os tin g to l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f i t e m s and lo c a t i o n s o f p o s tin g s a r e c l e a r l y i n d ic a te d ; c h e c k in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p l e t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d i z e d and r e p e t i t i v e r e c o r d s o r ac coun ting d o c u m e n ts ; and c o d i n g d o c u m e n ts using a f e w p r e s c r i b e d ac coun ting c o d e s . PA Y R O LL CLERK B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a b oo k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r with ou t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to k e ep a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t i o n s . C lass A . K e e p s a set o f r e c o r d s r e q u i r i n g a k n o w le d g e o f and e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b oo k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s , and f a m i l i a r i t y w ith the s tr u c tu r e o f the p a r t i c u l a r ac coun ting s y s t e m us e d . D e t e r m i n e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d i s tr i b u t i o n o f d e b it and c r e d i t i t e m s to be used in e a c h phas e o f the w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l i d a t e d r e p o r t s , b ala n ce s h e e ts , and ot h e r r e c o r d s by hand. C l a s s B. K e e p s a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e phas e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a set o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u i r i n g l i t t l e k n o w le d g e o f b a s i c b oo k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e ctio n s in clu d e ac coun ts p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' ac cou nts (not includ in g a s i m p l e typ e o f b i l l i n g d e s c r i b e d un der m ac h in e b i l l e r ) , c o s t d i s tr ib u tio n , e x p e n s e d is tr ib u t io n , i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e tc . M ay check or assist in p r e p a r a t i o n o f t r i a l b a la n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l she e ts f o r the accounting departm ent. C o m p u te s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p l o y e e s and e n t e r s the n e c e s s a r y data on the p a y r o l l s h e e ts . D utie s i n v o l v e : C a l c u l a ti n g w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s b a s e d on t i m e o r p ro d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; and p o s tin g c a l c u l a t e d data on p a y r o l l s h e e t, showin g i n f o r m a t i o n such as w o r k e r ' s n a m e , w o r k i n g d ay s, t i m e , r a te , d e d u ction s f o r in s u r a n c e , and t o t a l w a g e s due. M a y m a k e out p a y c h e c k s and a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k in g up and d is t r i b u t i n g pay e n v e l o p e s . M a y use a c a l c u l a ti n g m a c h in e . KEYPUNCH OPERATOR O p e r a t e s a keypun ch m a c h in e to r e c o r d o r v e r i f y alphabetic and/or n u m e r i c data on ta b ula ting c a r d s o r on tap e . Positions d e fin ition s . are c la s s ifie d into levels on the b a s is o f the f o l l o w i n g C lass A . W o r k r e q u i r e s the a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r i e n c e and jud g m ent in s e l e c t i n g p r o c e d u r e s to be f o l l o w e d and in s e a r c h i n g f o r , i n t e r p r e t i n g , s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d in g i t e m s to be keyp unch ed f r o m a v a r i e t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m ents. On o c c a s i o n m a y a l s o p e r f o r m s o m e routin e keypunch w o r k . May t r a i n i n e x p e r i e n c e d keypun ch o p e r a t o r s . C l a s s B. W o r k is r ou tin e and r e p e t i t i v e . Under c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n o r f o l l o w i n g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c t i o n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r i o u s s ta n d a r d i z e d s o u r c e d oc u m e n ts w h ich have b een c o d e d , and f o l l o w s s p e c i f i e d p r o c e d u r e s w h ich have b e en p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l and r e q u i r e l i t t l e o r no s e l e c t i n g , c o d in g , o r i n t e r p r e t i n g o f data to be r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v i s o r p ro b lem s a r is in g fr o m e rro n eo u s ite m s o r codes or m iss in g inform ation. M A C H IN E B IL L E R T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A TO R P r e p a r e s s ta te m e n ts , b i l l s , and i n v o i c e s on a m ac h in e o t h e r than an ord in ary or e lectro m atic ty p ew rite r. M a y a ls o k e ep r e c o r d s as to b i l l i n g s o r shipping c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n ta l to b i l l i n g operation s. F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d by ty pe o f m a c h i n e , as f o l l o w s : B illin g-m a ch in e b i l l e r . U s e s a s p e c i a l b i l l i n g m ac h in e ( c o m b in a tio n ty p in g and adding m a c h in e ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , i n t e r n a l l y p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , shipping m e m o r a n d a , etc. U s u a l l y i n v o l v e s a p p lic a tio n o f p r e d e t e r m i n e d d is counts and shipping c h a r g e s and e n t r y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s i o n s , which m a y o r m a y not be com p uted on the b i l l i n g m a c h i n e , and t o ta l s which a r e a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u la te d by m achine. T h e o p e r a t i o n u s u a lly i n v o l v e s a l a r g e nu m b er o f c a r b o n c o p i e s o f the b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is ofte n done on a fan fo ld m a c h in e . O p e r a t e s one o r a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n e s such as the ta b u la tor , c a l c u l a t o r , c o l l a t o r , i n t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c i n g punch, e tc . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is d e fin itio n a r e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s . A l s o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f e l e c t r o n i c d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r s , e v e n though th ey m a y a l s o o p e r a t e e l e c t r i c ac coun ting m a c h in e e q u ip m en t. Positio n s d e fi n i t i o n s . are c la s s ifie d into levels on the b a s is o f the f o l l o w i n g C lass A . P e r f o r m s c o m p l e t e r e p o r t i n g and ta bulating a s s i g n m e n t s in c lu d in g d e v i s i n g d i f f i c u l t c o n t r o l p a n e l w i r i n g un der g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e a v a r i e t y o f lon g and c o m p l e x r e p o r t s which often a r e i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g , r e q u i r i n g s o m e planning o f the nature and s e qu e n c in g o f o p e r a t i o n s , and the use o f a v a r i e t y of m a c h i n e s . Is T A B U L A T I N G - M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R — C ontinu ed T A B U L A T IN G - M A C H IN E O P E R A T OR— C ontinue d t y p ic a lly in v o lv e d in t r a in in g n ew o p e r a t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a tio n s o r tr a in in g lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and in the o p e r a tin g s e q u e n c e s o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s . D o e s not in c lu d e p o s itio n s in w h ich w ir in g r e s p o n s ib ilit y is lim it e d to s e le c tio n and in s e r tio n o f p r e w ir e d b o a r d s . th e ta b u la to r and c a lc u la t o r , in a d d itio n to the s im p le r m a c h in e s u s e d by c la s s C o p e r a t o r s . M a y be r e q u ir e d to do s o m e w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s . M a y t r a in n ew e m p lo y e e s in b a s ic m a c h in e o p e r a tio n s . C la s s C . U n d er s p e c ific in s tr u c tio n s , o p e r a te s s im p le ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l ac c ou n tin g m a c h in e s such as the s o r t e r , in t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c in g punch, c o lla t o r , e tc . A s s ig n m e n ts t y p ic a lly in v o lv e p o r tio n s o f a w o r k u n it, f o r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o r tin g o r c o lla t in g ru n s, o r r e p e t it iv e o p e r a tio n s . M ay p e rfo r m s im p le w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s , and do s om e f i lin g w o r k . C la s s B . P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and u n der s p e c ific in s tr u c tio n s . A s s ig n m e n ts t y p ic a lly in v o lv e c o m p le te but r o u tin e and r e c u r r in g r e p o r t s o r p a r ts o f la r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t s . O p e r a te s m o r e d iffic u lt ta b u la tin g .o r e l e c t r i c a l ac c ou n tin g m a c h in e s such as Professional and Technical C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , B U S IN E S S C O M PU TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T , A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s to fo r m u la te p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g th e m b y u se o f e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e q u ip m en t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le te d e s c r ip tio n o f a l l s p e c ific a tio n s n e e d e d to en a b le p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig it a l c o m p u te r p r o g r a m s . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g ; A n a ly z e s s u b je c t - m a t te r o p e r a tio n s to be au tom a ted and id e n tifie s c o n d itio n s and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t is fa c t o r y r e s u lt s ; s p e c ifie s n u m b e r and ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d ocu m en ts to be u sed ; o u tlin e s a c tio n s to be p e r fo r m e d by p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u te rs in s u ffic ie n t d e ta il fo r p re s e n ta tio n to m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m in g (t y p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a tio n o f w o r k and data flo w c h a r t s ); c o o r d in a te s th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f te s t p r o b le m s and p a r tic ip a te s in t r i a l runs o f n ew and r e v is e d s y s te m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s e q u ip m e n t ch a n ges to o b ta in m o r e e f f e c t iv e o v e r a l l o p e r a tio n s . (N O T E : W o rk ers p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as s y s te m s a n a ly s ts i f th is is th e s k ill u sed to d e te r m in e th e ir p a y .) d e v e lo p s s y s te m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s ito r accou n ts in a bank, m a in ta in in g accou n ts r e c e iv a b le in a r e t a i l e s ta b lis h m e n t, o r m a in ta in in g in v e n t o r y a ccou n ts in a m a n u fa c tu rin g o r w h o le s a le e s ta b lis h m e n t.) C o n fe r s w ith p e r sons c o n c e r n e d to d e te r m in e the data p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t te r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p lic a t io n s o f th e d ata p r o c e s s in g s y s te m s to be a p p lie d . OR W o rk s on a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p le x data p r o c e s s in g s c h e m e o r s y s te m , as d e s c r ib e d f o r c la s s A . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly on ro u tin e a s s ig n m e n ts and r e c e iv e s in s tr u c tio n and gu id an ce on c o m p le x a s s ig n m e n ts . W o rk is r e v ie w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju d g m e n t, c o m p lia n c e w ith in s tr u c tio n s , and to in s u r e p r o p e r a lig n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a l l s y s te m . C la s s C . W o rk s u n der im m e d ia te s u p e r v is io n , c a r r y in g out a n a ly s e s as a s s ig n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c t iv it y . A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and expan d p r a c t ic a l e x p e r ie n c e in the a p p lic a tio n o f p r o c e d u r e s and s k ills r e q u ir e d f o r s y s te m s a n a ly s is w o r k . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s is t a h ig h e r l e v e l s y s te m s a n a ly s t by p r e p a r in g th e d e ta ile d s p e c ific a tio n s r e q u ir e d by p ro g r a m m e r s fro m in fo r m a tio n d e v e lo p e d by th e h ig h e r l e v e l a n a ly s t. D oes not in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le f o r the m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r s y s te m s a n a ly s ts p r i m a r i ly c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n tific o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s . F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , s y s te m s a n a ly s ts a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C la s s A . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r under o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s in v o lv in g a l l p h a s e s o f s y s te m a n a ly s is . P r o b le m s a r e c o m p le x b e ca u s e o f d i v e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u ltip le - u s e r e q u ir e m e n ts o f output d ata. ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s an in t e g r a te d p ro d u c tio n s c h e d u lin g , in v e n t o r y c o n tr o l, c o s t a n a ly s is , and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ich e v e r y ite m o f e a c h ty p e is a u to m a tic a lly p r o c e s s e d th rou gh the fu ll s y s te m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r ia t e fo llo w u p a c tio n s a r e in it ia te d by th e c o m p u te r .) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e te r m in e the d ata p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t te r p e r s o n n e l on the im p lic a t io n s o f n ew o r r e v is e d s y s te m s o f data p r o c e s s in g o p e r a tio n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a tio n s , i f n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a jo r s y s te m s in s ta lla tio n s o r ch a n ges and f o r ob ta in in g e q u ip m en t. M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l w h o a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s is t . d ir e c tio n to lo w e r C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U S IN E S S C o n v e r ts s ta te m e n ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b le m s , t y p ic a lly p r e p a r e d by a s y s te m s a n a ly s t, in to a se q u e n c e o f d e ta ile d in s tr u c tio n s w h ich a r e r e q u ir e d to s o lv e the p r o b le m s b y a u to m a tic data p r o c e s s in g e q u ip m en t. W o rk in g fr o m c h a r ts o r d ia g r a m s , th e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s th e p r e c i s e in s tr u c tio n s w h ich , w h en e n te r e d in to the c o m p u te r s y s te m in c o d e d la n g u a g e , c a u s e the m a n ip u la tio n o f data to a c h ie v e d e s ir e d r e s u lt s . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u te r c a p a b ilit ie s , m a th e m a tic s , lo g ic e m p lo y e d by c o m p u te r s , and p a r t ic u la r s u b je ct m a t t e r in v o lv e d to a n a ly z e c h a r ts and d ia g r a m s o f the p r o b le m to be p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s sequ en ce o f p r o g r a m s te p s ; w r it e s d e ta ile d f lo w c h a r ts to show o r d e r in w h ich d ata w i l l be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r ts th e s e c h a r ts to c o d e d in s tr u c tio n s f o r m a c h in e to fo llo w ; te s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in s tr u c tio n s f o r o p e r a tin g p e r s o n n e l d u rin g p ro d u c tio n run; a n a ly z e s , r e v i e w s , and a lt e r s p r o g r a m s to in c r e a s e o p e r a tin g e f f ic ie n c y o r adapt to n e w r e q u ir e m e n ts ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e v e lo p m e n t and r e v is io n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g should be c l a s s i fi e d as s y s te m s a n a ly s ts i f th is is the s k ill u sed to d e te r m in e th e ir p a y .) l e v e l s y s te m s a n a ly s ts C la s s B . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n der o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on p r o b le m s th at a r e r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p lic a te d to a n a ly z e , p lan , p r o g r a m , and o p e r a te . P r o b le m s a r e o f lim it e d c o m p le x ity b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f input data a r e h o m o g e n eo u s and the output data a r e c lo s e ly r e la te d . ( F o r e x a m p le , B U SIN E S S— C ontinued 18 C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U S IN E S S — C on tin u ed CO M PU TER O PERATO R D o e s not in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le f o r the m a n a g e m en t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n t ific an d / o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s . M o n ito r s and o p e r a te s the c o n tr o l c o n s o le o f a d ig it a l c o m p u te r to p r o c e s s d ata a c c o r d in g to o p e r a tin g in s tr u c tio n s , u s u a lly p r e p a r e d by a p r o gra m m er. W o rk in c lu d e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : Studies in s tr u c tio n s to d e te r m in e e q u ip m en t setup and o p e r a tio n s ; lo a d s equ ip m en t w ith r e q u ir e d it e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c .); s w itc h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y e q u ip m en t into c ir c u it , and s ta r ts and o p e r a te s c o m p u te r; m a k e s a d ju stm en ts to c o m p u te r to c o r r e c t o p e r a tin g p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c ia l c o n d itio n s ; r e v ie w s e r r o r s m ade d u rin g o p e r a tio n and d e te r m in e s c a u se o r r e f e r s p r o b le m to s u p e r v is o r or p r o g r a m m e r ; and m a in ta in s o p e r a tin g r e c o r d s . M a y te s t and a s s is t in c o r r e c t in g p r o g r a m . For w age study p u r p o s e s , p ro gra m m ers a re c la s s ifie d as f o llo w s : C la s s A . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n der o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s w h ich r e q u ir e c o m p e te n c e in a ll p h a ses o f p r o g r a m m in g c o n ce p ts and p r a c t ic e s . W o rk in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and c h a rts w h ich id e n tify the n a tu re o f d e s ir e d r e s u lt s , m a jo r p r o c e s s in g step s to be a c c o m p lis h e d , and the r e la tio n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s step s o f the p ro b le m s o lv in g ro u tin e ; p lan s the fu ll r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g a c tio n s n e e d e d to e f fic ie n t ly u t iliz e the c o m p u te r s y s te m in a c h ie v in g d e s ir e d end p ro d u c ts . A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g is d iffic u lt b e ca u s e c o m p u te r e q u ip m en t m u s t be o r g a n iz e d to p ro d u c e s e v e r a l in t e r r e la t e d but d iv e r s e p ro d u c ts f r o m n u m e ro u s and d iv e r s e data e le m e n t s . A w id e v a r ie t y and e x te n s iv e n u m b er o f in t e r n a l p r o c e s s in g a c tio n s m u st o c c u r . T h is r e q u ir e s such a c tio n s as d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a tio n s w h ich can b e r e u s e d , e s ta b lis h m e n t o f lin k a g e p o in ts b e tw e e n o p e r a tio n s , ad ju s tm e n ts to data when p r o g r a m r e q u ir e m en ts e x c e e d c o m p u te r s to r a g e c a p a c ity , and su b sta n tia l m a n ip u la tio n and re s e q u e n c in g o f data e le m e n ts to fo r m a h ig h ly in te g r a te d p r o g r a m . M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l d ir e c t io n to lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w ho a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s is t. C la s s B . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n der o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on r e l a t i v e l y s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n ts o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n ts ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s in fo r m a tio n to p ro d u c e data in tw o o r th r e e v a r ie d se q u e n c e s o r fo r m a t s . R e p o r t s and lis tin g s a r e p ro d u c ed by r e fin in g , ad ap tin g, a r r a y in g , o r m a k in g m in o r a d d ition s to o r d e le tio n s fr o m input data w h ich a r e r e a d ily a v a ila b le . W h ile n u m erou s r e c o r d s m a y be p r o c e s s e d , the data h ave b e en r e fin e d in p r io r a c tio n s so that th e a c c u r a c y and s e q u e n c in g o f data can b e te s te d b y u sin g a fe w ro u tin e c h e c k s . T y p ic a lly , the p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith ro u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a tio n s . OR W o rk s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r ib e d f o r c la s s A ) u n der c lo s e d ir e c t io n o f a h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r . M a y a s s is t h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d ep en d en tly p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt ta s k s u n der f a i r l y c lo s e d ir e c tio n . M a y g u id e o r in s tr u c t lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s . C la s s C . M a k e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a tio n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t ic e s and c o n c e p ts u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tr a in in g c o u r s e s . A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p c o m p e te n c e in the a p p lic a tio n o f stan dard p r o c e d u r e s to ro u tin e p r o b le m s . R e c e iv e s c lo s e s u p e r v is io n on n ew a s p e c ts o f a s s ig n m e n ts ; and w o r k is r e v ie w e d to v e r i f y its a c c u r a c y and c o n fo rm a n c e w ith r e q u ir e d p ro ced u res. For w age study p u rp oses, c o m p u te r o p e r a to r s are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C la s s A . O p e ra te s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n der on ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n , a c o m p u te r runn ing p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : N e w p r o g r a m s a r e fr e q u e n tly te s te d and in tro d u c e d ; sch ed u lin g r e q u ir e m e n ts a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r ta n c e to m in im iz e d o w n tim e; the p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p le x d e s ig n so that id e n tific a tio n o f e r r o r s o u rc e o fte n r e q u ir e s a w o rk in g k n o w le d g e o f th e t o t a l p r o g r a m , and a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s m a y not be a v a ila b le . M a y g iv e d ir e c tio n and gu id an ce to lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s . C la s s B . O p e ra te s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r under o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n , a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : M o s t o f th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s ta b lis h e d p ro d u c tio n ru n s, t y p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a s is ; th e r e is lit t le o r no te s tin g o f n ew p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d ; a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v id e d in c a s e o r ig in a l p r o g r a m n eed s m a jo r ch an ge o r cannot be c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b ly sh o rt t im e . In c o m m o n e r r o r s itu a tio n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e and ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c tio n . T h is u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s te p s , o r u sin g s tan d a rd c o r r e c t io n te c h n iq u e s . OR O p e r a te s u n der d ir e c t s u p e r v is io n a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n ts o f p r o g r a m s w ith th e c h a r a c t e r is t ic s d e s c r ib e d f o r c la s s A . M ay a s s is t a h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a to r by in d e p e n d e n tly p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tr u c tio n s and w ith fre q u e n t r e v ie w o f o p e r a tio n s p e r fo r m e d . e x p e c te d a b ilit y to r e c e iv e d o p e ra to r C la s s C . W o rk s on ro u tin e p r o g r a m s u n der c lo s e s u p e r v is io n . Is to d e v e lo p w o rk in g k n o w le d g e o f the c o m p u te r equ ip m en t u sed and d e te c t p r o b le m s in v o lv e d in running ro u tin e p r o g r a m s . U s u a lly has s o m e f o r m a l tr a in in g in c o m p u te r o p e r a tio n . M a y a s s is t h ig h e r l e v e l on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . D RAFTER C la s s A . P la n s tiie g ra p h ic p re s e n ta tio n o f c o m p le x ite m s h a vin g d is tin c tiv e d e s ig n fe a tu r e s th at d i f f e r s ig n ific a n tly f r o m e s ta b lis h e d d ra ftin g p r e c e d e n ts . W o rk s in c lo s e su p p ort w ith th e d e s ig n o r ig in a t o r , and m a y r e c o m m e n d m in o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s . A n a ly z e s the e f fe c t o f each chan ge on the d e ta ils o f f o r m , fu n c tio n , and p o s itio n a l r e la tio n s h ip s o f com p on en ts and p a r ts . W o rk s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v is o r y a s s is ta n c e . C o m p le te d w o rk is r e v ie w e d b y d e s ig n o r ig in a t o r f o r c o n s is te n c y w ith p r i o r e n g in e e rin g d e t e r m in a tio n s . M a y e it h e r p r e p a r e d ra w in g s o r d ir e c t th e ir p r e p a r a tio n b y lo w e r l e v e l d r a ft e r s . D R A F T E R — C on tin u ed E L E C T R O N I C S T E C H N IC IA N — C ontinu ed C la s s B . P e r f o r m s n o n rou tin e and c o m p le x d r a ftin g a s s ig n m e n ts th at r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a tio n o f m o s t o f th e s ta n d a rd iz e d d ra w in g te c h n iq u e s r e g u l a r l y u sed . D u tie s t y p ic a lly in v o lv e such w o r k a s : P r e p a r e s w o rk in g d ra w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b lie s w ith i r r e g u la r sh a p es, m u ltip le fu n c tio n s , and p r e c i s e p o s itio n a l r e la tio n s h ip s b e tw e e n c o m p o n e n ts ; p r e p a r e s a r c h it e c t u r a l d ra w in g s f o r c o n s tru c tio n o f a b u ild in g in c lu d in g d e t a il d ra w in g s o f fou n d a tio n s , w a ll s e c tio n s , f lo o r p la n s , and r o o f. U s e s a c c e p te d fo r m u la s and m a n u a ls in m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y com p u ta tio n s to d e te r m in e q u a n titie s o f m a t e r ia ls to be u s e d , lo a d c a p a c it ie s , s tr e n g th s , s t r e s s e s , e tc . R e c e iv e s in it ia l in s tr u c tio n s , r e q u ir e m e n ts , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v is o r . C o m p le te d w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r te c h n ic a l ad eq u a cy . T h is c la s s ific a t io n e x c lu d e s r e p a i r e r s o f such stan d a rd e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m en t as c o m m o n o f f ic e m a c h in e s and h o u seh old r a d io and t e le v is io n s e ts ; p ro d u c tio n a s s e m b le r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y duty is s e r v ic in g e le c t r o n ic t e s t in s tr u m e n ts ; te c h n ic ia n s w h o h a ve a d m in is tr a tiv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y ; and d r a ft e r s , d e s ig n e r s , and p r o f e s s io n a l e n g in e e r s . C la s s C . P r e p a r e s d e t a il d ra w in g s o f s in g le units o r p a r ts f o r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , m a n u fa c tu rin g , o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s . Types of d ra w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e is o m e t r ic p r o je c t io n s (d e p ic tin g t h r e e d im e n s io n s in a c c u r a te s c a le ) and s e c t io n a l v ie w s to c l a r i f y p o s itio n in g o f com p o n e n ts and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a tio n . C o n s o lid a te s d e ta ils fr o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s and ad ju s ts o r tr a n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ir e d . S u gg e sted m eth o d s o f a p p ro a c h , a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n ts , and a d v ic e on s o u r c e m a t e r ia ls a r e g iv e n w ith in it ia l a s s ig n m e n ts . In s tr u c tio n s a r e le s s c o m p le t e w hen a s s ig n m e n ts recu r. W o rk m a y be s p o t-c h e c k e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s . P o s it io n s d e fin itio n s . a re c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g C la s s A . A p p lie s ad va n ced t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e u n u su ally c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , th o s e th at t y p ic a lly cann ot be s o lv e d s o le ly b y r e f e r e n c e to m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m an u a ls o r s im ila r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o rk in g on e l e c tr o n ic e q u ip m en t. E x a m p le s o f such p r o b le m s in c lu d e lo c a tio n and d e n s ity o f c ir c u it r y , e le c t r o m a g n e t ic r a d ia tio n , is o la t in g m a lfu n c tio n s , and fre q u e n t e n g in e e r in g c h a n g e s . W o rk in v o lv e s : A d e ta ile d u n d ersta n d in g o f th e i n t e r r e la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u it s ; e x e r c is in g in d ep en d en t ju d g m e n t in p e r fo r m in g such ta s k s as m a k in g c ir c u it a n a ly s e s , c a lc u la tin g w a v e f o r m s , t r a c in g r e la t io n sh ip s in s ig n a l flo w ; and r e g u la r ly u sin g c o m p le x t e s t in s tru m e n ts (e . g . , du al t r a c e o s c illo s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia tio n m e t e r s , p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ). W o r k m a y be r e v ie w e d b y s u p e r v is o r (fr e q u e n tly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p te d p r a c t ic e s . M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e to lo w e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n s . D R A F T E R -T R A C E R C o p ie s p lan s and d ra w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o th e r s by p la c in g t r a c in g c lo th o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g s and t r a c in g w ith pen o r p e n c il. (D o e s not in c lu d e t r a c in g lim it e d to p lan s p r im a r ily c o n s is tin g o f s tr a ig h t lin e s and a la r g e s c a le not r e q u ir in g c lo s e d e lin e a tio n .) AND /O R P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e t it iv e d ra w in g s o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d it e m s . W o rk is c l o s e l y s u p e r v is e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s . C la s s B . A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , th o s e th at t y p ic a lly can be s o lv e d s o le ly b y p r o p e r ly in t e r p r e t in g m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m an u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o r k in g on e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s : A f a m i l ia r i t y w ith th e i n t e r r e la t io n sh ip s o f c ir c u it s ; and ju d g m e n t in d e te r m in in g w o r k se q u e n c e and in s e le c tin g t o o ls and te s tin g in s tr u m e n ts , u s u a lly le s s c o m p le x than th o s e u sed b y the c la s s A te c h n ic ia n . R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n , and w o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c ific c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p te d p r a c t ic e s and w o r k a s s ig n m e n ts . M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l gu id an ce to lo w e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n s . E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N W o rk s on v a r io u s ty p e s o f e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m en t and r e la t e d d e v ic e s by p e r fo r m in g one o r a c o m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : In s ta llin g , m a in ta in in g , r e p a ir in g , o v e r h a u lin g , tr o u b le s h o o tin g , m o d ify in g , c o n s tru c tin g , and te s tin g . W o rk r e q u ir e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a tio n o f te c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e o f e le c t r o n ic s p r in c ip le s , a b ilit y to d e te r m in e m a lfu n c tio n s , and s k ill to put e q u ip m en t in r e q u ir e d o p e r a tin g c o n d itio n . T h e e q u ip m en t— c o n s is tin g o f e ith e r m a n y d iffe r e n t k in d s o f c ir c u it s o r m u ltip le r e p e titio n o f th e s a m e kind o f c ir c u it — in c lu d e s , but is not lim it e d to , the fo llo w in g : (a ) E le c t r o n ic tr a n s m ittin g and r e c e iv in g e q u ip m en t (e . g . , r a d a r , r a d io , t e le v i s i o n , te le p h o n e , s o n a r, n a v ig a tio n a l a id s ), (b ) d ig it a l and a n a lo g c o m p u te r s , and (c ) in d u s tr ia l and m e d ic a l m e a s u r in g and c o n tr o llin g eq u ip m en t. C la s s C . A p p lie s w o r k in g te c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to p e r f o r m s im p le o r ro u tin e ta s k s in w o r k in g on e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t, fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tr u c tio n s w h ich c o v e r v ir t u a lly a l l p r o c e d u r e s . W o rk t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s such ta s k s a s : A s s is t in g h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n s b y p e r f o r m in g such a c t iv it ie s as r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n ts , w ir in g c ir c u it s , and ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g s im p le e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t; and u s in g to o ls and c o m m o n te s t in s tru m e n ts ( e . g . , m u lt im e t e r s , au dio s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tube t e s t e r s , o s c illo s c o p e s ). Is not r e q u ir e d to b e f a m ilia r w ith th e in t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c ir c u it s . T h is k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y be a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a s s ig n m e n ts d e s ig n e d to in c r e a s e c o m p e te n c e (in c lu d in g c la s s r o o m tr a in in g ) so th at w o r k e r can a d v a n c e to h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n . R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n . W o rk is t y p i c a l l y spot c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e ta ile d r e v ie w w h en n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n ts a r e in v o lv e d . R E G IS T E R E D I N D U S T R I A L N U R S E R E G IS T E R E D I N D U S T R I A L N U R S E — C ontinued A r e g i s t e r e d n u rs e w ho g iv e s n u rs in g s e r v ic e u n der g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c tio n to i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w ho b e c o m e i l l o r s u ffe r an a c c id e n t on the p r e m is e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. D u ties in v o lv e a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o llo w in g : G iv in g f i r s t aid to the i l l o r in ju re d ; a tten d in g to su b sequ en t d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a tie n ts tr e a te d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s fo r c o m p e n s a tio n o r o th e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s is t in g in p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s and h ealth e v a lu a tio n s o f a p p lic a n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and p lann ing and c a r r y in g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h e a lth e d u c a tio n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n tio n , e v a lu a tio n o f plan t e n v ir o n m e n t, o r o th e r a c t iv it ie s a ffe c t in g the h e a lth , w e l f a r e , and s a fe ty o f a l l p e rs o n n e l. N u rs in g s u p e r v is o r s o r head n u rs e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than one n u rs e a r e e x c lu d e d . Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R M A I N T E N A N C E M A C H IN IS T P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n tr y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s tru c t arid m a in ta in in good r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and eq u ip m en t such as b in s , c r ib s , c o u n te rs , b e n ch es, p a r titio n s , d o o r s , f lo o r s , s t a ir s , c a s in g s , and t r im m a d e o f w o od in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g ; P la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k fr o m b lu e p r in ts , d ra w in g s , m o d e ls , o r v e r b a l in s tr u c tio n s ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d to o ls , p o r ta b le p o w e r to o ls , and stan d a rd m e a s u r in g in s tr u m e n ts ; m a k in g sta n d a rd shop com p u tatio n s r e la tin g to d im e n sion s o f w o r k ; and s e le c tin g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k . In g e n e r a l, th e w o rk o f th e m a in te n a n c e c a r p e n te r r e q u ir e s rou n ded tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r ts and n ew p a r ts in m ak in g r e p a ir s o f m e t a l p a r ts o f m e c h a n ic a l eq u ip m en t o p e r a te d in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g ; In te r p r e tin g w r itte n in s tr u c tio n s and s p e c i fic a t io n s ; plan n in g and la y in g out o f w o rk ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t's h a n d too ls and p r e c is io n m e a s u r in g in s tr u m e n ts ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a tin g stan d a rd m a c h in e to o ls ; shapin g o f m e t a l p a r ts to c lo s e to le r a n c e s ; m a k in g sta n d a rd shop c o m p u ta tio n s r e la tin g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , to o lin g , fe e d s , and sp ee d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r t ie s o f the c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e le c tin g sta n d a rd m a t e r ia ls , p a r ts , and eq u ip m en t r e q u ir e d f o r th is w o r k ; and fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a r ts into m e c h a n ic a l equ ip m en t. In g e n e r a l, th e m a c h in is t's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a roun ded tr a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c t ic e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . m a in t e n a n c e e l e c t r ic ia n M A I N T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a c h in e r y ) P e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l tr a d e fu n c tio n s such as th e in s t a l la tio n , m a in te n a n c e , o r r e p a ir o f e q u ip m en t f o r the g e n e r a tio n , d is tr ib u tio n , o r u tiliz a tio n o f e l e c t r ic e n e r g y in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : In s ta llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t such as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w itc h b o a rd s , c o n t r o lle r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h eatin g u n its, con du it s y s te m s , o r o th e r tr a n s m is s io n e q u ip m en t; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e p rin ts , d ra w in g s , la y o u ts , o r o th e r s p e c if i c a tio n s ; lo c a tin g and d ia g n o s in g tr o u b le in the e l e c t r i c a l s y s te m o r e q u ip m en t; w o r k in g sta n d a rd c o m p u tatio n s r e la tin g to loa d r e q u ir e m e n ts o f w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l eq u ip m en t; and u sin g a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic ia n 's h an d tools and m e a s u r in g and te s tin g in s tr u m e n ts . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e e le c t r ic ia n r e q u ir e s rou n ded tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R P a in ts and r e d e c o r a t e s w a lls , w o o d w o rk , and fix tu r e s o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s the f o llo w in g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r fa c e p e c u lia r it ie s and ty p e s o f pain t r e q u ir e d f o r d iffe r e n t a p p lic a tio n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r fa c e fo r p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld fin is h o r b y p la c in g putty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s and in t e r s t ic e s ; and a p p ly in g pain t w ith s p ra y gun o r b ru sh . M a y m ix c o lo r s , o i l s , w h ite le a d , and o th e r paint in g r e d ie n ts to ob tain p r o p e r c o lo r o r c o n s is te n c y . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p a in te r r e q u ir e s roun ded tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l eq u ip m en t o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m en t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d is m a n tlin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n tlin g m a c h in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e the use o f h a n d tools in s c ra p in g and fittin g p a r ts ; r e p la c in g b ro k en o r d e fe c t iv e p a rts w ith ite m s o b ta in e d fr o m s to c k ; o r d e r in g the p ro d u c tio n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h in e shop o r sen d in g th e m a c h in e to a m a c h in e shop f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w r itte n s p e c ific a tio n s f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r f o r the p ro d u c tio n o f p a r ts o r d e r e d fr o m m a c h in e shops; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts f o r o p e r a tio n . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s rou n ded tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i ence. E x c lu d e d fr o m th is c la s s ific a t io n a r e w o r k e r s w h ose p r im a r y d u ties in v o lv e s e ttin g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s . M A I N T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o t o r V e h ic le s ) R e p a ir s a u to m o b ile s , b u s e s, m o to r tr u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g a u to m o tiv e e q u ip m en t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g e q u ip m en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e th e u se o f such h a n d tools as w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c ia liz e d e q u ip m en t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a r ts ; r e p la c in g b ro k en o r d e fe c t iv e p a r ts f r o m stock ; g rin d in g and a d ju stin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in s ta llin g the v a r io u s a s s e m b lie s in th e v e h ic le and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n ts ; and a lig n in g w h e e ls , a d ju stin g b ra k e s and lig h ts , o r tig h te n in g body b o lts . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m o to r v e h ic le m ain ten a n ce m ec h a n ic r e q u ir e s rou n ded tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A I N T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o t o r V e h ic le s )— C on tin u ed veh icles T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d oe s not in c lu d e m e c h a n i c s who r e p a i r c u s t o m e r s ' in a u t o m o b i l e r e p a i r sho ps. M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R I n s t a l l s o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s te a m , g as, o r o t h e r ty p e s o f p ip e and p i p e f i t t i n g s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : L a y i n g out w o r k and m e a s u r i n g to l o c a t e p o s i t i o n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w i n g s o r o t h e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; cu ttin g v a r i o u s s i z e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t lengths w ith c h i s e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y l e n e t o r c h o r p i p e - c u t t i n g m a c h i n e s ; th r e a d in g p ip e w ith s toc k s and d i e s ; bendin g p ip e b y h a n d - d r i v e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h i n e s ; a s s e m b l i n g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and f a s t e n i n g p ip e to h a n g e r s ; m a k i n g s tan da rd shop c o m p u ta tio n s r e l a t i n g to p r e s s u r e s , f l o w , and s i z e o f p ip e r e q u i r e d ; and m a k i n g stan da rd t e s t s to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r f i n i s h e d p ip es m e e t sp ecifications. In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e p i p e f i t t e r r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . W orkers p rim a rily e n g a g e d in i n s t a l l i n g and r e p a i r i n g b u il d in g s an it a tio n o r h e a t in g s y s t e m s a re exclud ed . M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L W ORKER F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a i r the s h e e t - m e t a l e q u i p m e n t and f i x t u r e s (s uc h as m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e pans, s h e l v e s , l o c k e r s , tanks, v e n t i l a t o r s , chutes, duc ts, m e t a l r o o f i n g ) o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y i n g out a l l ty p es o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a i n te n a n c e w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n ts , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t i n g a l l a v a i l a b l e ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d too ls in cutting, bending, f o r m i n g , shaping, f ittin g , and a s s e m b l i n g ; and i n s t a l l i n g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s as r e q u i r e d . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a i n te n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u i r e s rounded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d th ro ugh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A I N T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R — C ontinu ed the h e l p e r is p e r m i t t e d to p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m tr a d e to t r a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s the h e l p e r is c o n fin e d to supplyin g, l i f t i n g , and h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s and t o o l s , and c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s he is p e r m i t t e d to p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h i n e o p e r a t i o n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e that a r e a l s o p e r f o r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a f u l l - t i m e b a s i s . M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T O O L R O O M ) S p e c i a l i z e s in o p e r a t i n g one o r m o r e than one ty pe o f m a c h i n e t o o l ( e . g . , j i g b o r e r , g r i n d i n g m a c h in e , e ng in e lath e, m i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) to m a c h in e m e t a l f o r u s e in m a k in g o r m a in ta in in g j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cuttin g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d i e s o r m o l d s u s e d in shaping o r f o r m i n g m e t a l o r n o n m eta llic m a t e r i a l (e .g ., pla stic, p la s te r, rubber, g la s s ). W ork ty p ica lly in vo lves: P la n n in g and p e r f o r m i n g d i f f i c u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s w h i c h r e q u i r e c o m p l i c a t e d setups o r a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; se tting up m a c h i n e t o o l o r t o o l s ( e . g . , i n s t a l l cutting t o o l s and adjust g u id es , stops, w o r k i n g t a b l e s , and o t h e r c o n t r o l s to handle the s i z e o f stoc k to be m a c h i n e d ; d e t e r m i n e p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o lin g , and o p e r a t i o n s e quence o r s e l e c t th o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w i n g s , b l u e p r in ts , o r l a y o u t s ) ; u sing a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts d u rin g m a c h i n i n g o p e r a t i o n to a c h i e v e r e q u i s i t e d i m e n s i o n s to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s . M a y be r e q u i r e d to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n ts and cu ttin g and l u b r i c a t i n g o i l s , to r e c o g n i z e when t o o l s n e e d d r e s s i n g , and to d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f a m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) at the s k i l l l e v e l c a l l e d f o r in this c l a s s i f i c a t i o n r e q u i r e s e x t e n s i v e k n o w l e d g e o f m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d th ro u gh c o n s i d e r a b l e o n - t h e - j o b t r a i n i n g and exp erien ce. F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e study p u r p o s e s , this c l a s s i f i c p t i o n d oe s no t in clud e m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o l r o o m ) e m p l o y e d in t o o l and d ie job b in g sho ps. M IL L W R IG H T T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R I n s t a l l s n e w m a c h i n e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, and d i s m a n t l e s and i n s t a l l s m a c h i n e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t when ch an ge s in the p lant la y o u t a r e required. W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y in g out w o r k ; i n t e r p r e t i n g b l u e p r i n t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; usin g a v a r i e t y o f handt o o l s and r i g g i n g ; m a k in g s tan da rd shop c o m p u ta tio n s r e l a t i n g to s t r e s s e s , s tr e n g t h o f m a t e r i a l s , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v i t y ; a l i g n i n g and b a la n c in g e q u i p m e n t; s e l e c t i n g s tan da rd t o o l s , e q u ip m en t, and p a r t s to be used; and i n s t a l l i n g and m a i n ta i n i n g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t such as d r i v e s and s p ee d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l , the m i l l w r i g h t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a rounded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e in the t r a d e a c q u i r e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t tr a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a i r s j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cutting to o ls , g au g es , o r m e t a l d i e s o r m o l d s u s e d in shaping o r f o r m i n g m e t a l o r n o n m e t a l l i c m a t e r ia l (e .g ., p la stic, p la s te r, rubber, g la s s ). W o rk typ ica lly in v o lv e s : P l a n n in g and l a y i n g out w o r k a c c o r d i n g to m o d e l s , b l u e p r in ts , d r a w i n g s , o r o t h e r w r i t t e n o r o r a l s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u n d e r s ta n d in g the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a l s and a l l o y s ; s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r i a t e m a t e r i a l s , to o ls , and p r o c e s s e s r e q u i r e d to c o m p l e t e task; m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y shop c o m p u ta tio n s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t i n g v a r i o u s m a c h in e t o o l s and r e l a t e d equip m en t; using v a r i o u s t o o l and d ie m a k e r ' s ha nd too ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s tr u m e n ts ; w o r k i n g to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h e a t - t r e a t i n g m e t a l p a r t s and fi n i s h e d to o ls and d ie s to a c h i e v e r e q u i r e d q u a l i t i e s ; fi t t i n g and a s s e m b l i n g p a r ts to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s and a l l o w a n c e s . In g e n e r a l , the t o o l and die m a k e r ' s w o r k r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d th ro u gh f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a i n i n g and exp erien ce. M A IN T E N A N C E TRADES H E L P E R A s s i s t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k i l l e d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , b y p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l duties o f l e s s e r s k i l l , such as k e e p i n g a w o r k e r su p p lied w i t h m a t e r i a l s and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k i n g a r e a , m a c h in e , and e q u ip m e n t; a s s i s t i n g j o u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s o r t o o l s ; and p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k i l l e d ta s k s as d i r e c t e d b y j o u r n e y m a n . T h e kind o f w o r k * F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e study p u r p o s e s , this c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not in c lu d e t o o l and d ie m a k e r s who (1) a r e e m p l o y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g shops o r (2) p r o d u c e f o r g i n g d ie s (d ie s i n k e r s ) . S T A T I O N A R Y E N G IN E E R S T A T I O N A R Y E N G IN E E R — C ontinued O p e r a t e s and m a in ta in s and m a y a l s o s u p e r v i s e the o p e r a t i o n o f s t a t i o n a r y e n g i n e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n i c a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) to sup p ly the e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h i c h e m p l o y e d w ith p o w e r , h eat, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c on d it io n in g . W o r k i n v o l v e s : O p e r a t i n g and m a in ta in in g e q u ip m e n t such as s t e a m e n g i n e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n ti l a t i n g and r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t, s t e a m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r pum ps; m a k i n g e q u i p m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p i n g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t i o n o f m a c h i n e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , and f u e l c on su m p tio n . M a y a l s o s u p e r v i s e th e s e o p e r a t i o n s . Head o r c h ie f en gin eers a r e e x c lu d e d , in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e than one e n g i n e e r B O IL E R T E N D E R F i r e s s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r s to f u r n is h the e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h ich e m p l o y e d w ith h eat, p o w e r , o r s te a m . F e e d s f u e ls to f i r e b y hand o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n i c a l s t o k e r , g as, o r o i l b u r n e r; and che cks w a t e r and s a f e t y v a l v e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a i r i n g b o i l e r r o o m e qu ip m en t. Material Movement and Custodial T R U C K D R IV E R WAREHOUSEMAN D r i v e s a tr u c k w ith in a c i t y o r i n d u s t r i a l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b e tw e e n v a r i o u s ty p e s o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s such a s : M a n u fa c t u r in g p la nts, f r e i g h t d e p o ts , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e s a le and r e t a i l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a i l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s i n e s s . M a y a l s o lo a d o r un load tr u c k with o r wit h ou t h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n i c a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p tr u c k in good w o r k i n g o r d e r . S a l e s r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x clud ed . A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f w a r e h o u s i n g duties w h ich r e q u i r e an u n d e r s ta n d in g o f the e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s s t o r a g e p l a n . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : V e r i f y i n g m a t e r i a l s ( o r m e r c h a n d i s e ) a g a in s t r e c e i v i n g d oc u m e n ts , noting and r e p o r t i n g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and ob v iou s d a m a g e s ; routing m a t e r i a l s to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n s ; s t o r i n g , stacking, o r p a l l e t i z i n g m a t e r i a l s in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g i n g and t a k i n g i n v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s ; e x a m i n i n g s to r e d m a t e r i a l s and r e p o r t i n g d e t e r i o r a t i o n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s t o r a g e and p r e p a r i n g i t f o r s hip m en t. M a y o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r tr u c k s in p e r f o r m i n g w a r e h o u s i n g d u tie s . F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r i v e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y s i z e and ty pe o f e q u ip m e n t, as f o l l o w s : ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r should be r a te d on the b a s i s o f t r a i l e r ca p a city.) T ru ck d river, T ru ck d river, T ru ck d river, T ru ck d river, l i g h t tr u c k (u n de r I V 2 to ns) m e d i u m tr u c k ( I V 2 to and inc lud in g 4 to n s ) h e a v y tr u c k ( t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to n s ) h e a v y tr u c k ( o t h e r than t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to ns) ORDER F IL L E R S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d i s e f o r sh ip m en t, o r r e c e i v e s and is r e s p o n s i b l e f o r i n c o m i n g s h ip m en ts o f m e r c h a n d i s e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s . Shipping w o r k in v o lve s : A k n o w l e d g e o f shipping p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , ro u te s , a v a i l a b l e m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , and r a t e s ; and p r e p a r i n g r e c o r d s o f the good s ship ped, m a k i n g up b i l l s o f la d in g , p o s tin g w e i g h t and shipping c h a n ge s , and k e e p i n g a f i l e o f shippin g r e c o r d s . M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g the m e r c h a n d i s e f o r sh ip m en t. R e c e i v i n g w o r k i n v o l v e s : V e r i f y i n g o r d i r e c t i n g o t h e r s in v e r i f y i n g the c o r r e c t n e s s o f sh ip m en ts a g a in s t b i l l s o f lad ing , i n v o i c e s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r s h o r t a g e s and r e j e c t i n g d a m a g e d g o o d s ; r ou tin g m e r c h a n d i s e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; and m a i n tain in g n e c e s s a r y , r e c o r d s and f i l e s . For wage study purposes, Sh ip pin g c l e r k R e ceivin g c lerk Ship ping and r e c e i v i n g c l e r k w orkers are c la s s ifie d as E x c l u d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y duties i n v o l v e shipping and r e c e i v i n g w o r k ( s e e Shipping and R e c e i v i n g C l e r k and Shipping P a c k e r ) , o r d e r f i l l i n g ( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t i n g p o w e r tr u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ) . follow s: F i l l s shipping o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d goods f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d i s e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a le s s lip s, c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r other instructions. M a y , in ad d ition to f i l l i n g o r d e r s and i n d i c atin g i t e m s f i l l e d o r o m itte d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f outgoing o r d e r s , r e q u i s i t i o n a d d itio n a l sto ck o r r e p o r t s h o rt sup p lies to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m oth e r r e l a t e d d u tie s . S H IP P IN G P A C K E R P r e p a r e s f i n i s h e d p ro d u c ts f o r sh ip m en t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c i n g th em in shipping c o n t a i n e r s , the s p e c i f i c o p e r a ti o n s p e r f o r m e d b eing d ependent upon the ty p e, s i z e , and n u m b e r o f units to be p ack ed , the type o f c o n ta i n e r e m p l o y e d , and m eth od o f sh ip m en t. W o r k r e q u i r e s the p la c in g o f i t e m s in shipping c o n t a i n e r s and m a y i n v o l v e one o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : K n o w l e d g e o f v a r i o u s i t e m s o f stoc k in o r d e r to v e r i f y content; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r i a t e typ e and s i z e o f c o n ta i n e r ; i n s e r t i n g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n ta in e r ; using e x c e l s i o r o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c l o s i n g and s e a lin g c o n t a i n e r ; and a p p ly in g l a b e l s o r e n t e r i n g i d e n tify in g data on c o n ta in e r . Packers who a l s o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d . 23 M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R GUARD AND W A TC H M A N A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu rin g p lan t, s to r e , o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u ties in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the f o llo w in g : L o a d in g and u n load in g v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r f r o m f r e ig h t c a r s , tr u c k s , o r o th e r tr a n s p o r tin g d e v ic e s ; u n pa ck in g, s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s to r a g e lo c a tio n ; and tr a n s p o r tin g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e b y h an d tru ck, c a r , o r w h e e lb a r r o w . L on gsh ore w o r k e r s , w h o lo a d and un load sh ip s, a r e e x c lu d e d . G u a r d . P e r f o r m s ro u tin e p o lic e d u tie s , e it h e r at fix e d p o s t o r on to u r, m a in ta in in g o r d e r , u s in g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . In c lu d e s g u a rd s w ho a r e s ta tio n e d at g a te and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g . W a tc h m a n . M a k e s rounds o f p r e m is e s p r o p e r t y a g a in s t f i r e , th e ft, and i l l e g a l e n tr y . p e r io d ic a lly in p r o te c tin g P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R J A N IT O R , O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n tr o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r ic - p o w e r e d tru c k o r t r a c t o r to tr a n s p o r t go o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in d s about a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu rin g p lan t, o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. tru c k , F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s as fo llo w s : a r e c la s s ifie d b y ty p e o f p o w e r - F o r k lift o p e ra to r P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r (o t h e r than f o r k l i f t ) P O R TE R , OR C L E A N E R C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d itio n f a c t o r y w o rk in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m is e s o f an o f f ic e , a p a rtm e n t h o u se, o r c o m m e r ic a l o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a tio n o f the f o l l o w i n g : S w ee p in g , m o p p in g o r s c ru b b in g , and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s , tr a s h , and o th e r r e fu s e ; d u stin g eq u ip m en t, fu r n itu r e , o r fix t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l fix tu r e s o r t r im m in g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m in o r m a in ten a n ce s e r v i c e s ; and c le a n in g la v a t o r ie s , s h o w e rs , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s who s p e c ia liz e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d . 24 Area Wage Surveys A l i s t o f the l a t e s t b u lle tin s a v a i l a b l e is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . m a y be p u r c h a s e d f r o m any o f th e B L S r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s shown on c o v e r , o r f r o m the Su perin te n den t o f D o c u m e n ts , U.S. G o v e r n m e n t O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . 20402. A d i r e c t o r y o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e c o v e r i n g the y e a r s 1950 th ro u g h 1975, is a v a i l a b l e on r e q u e s t . Area B u l l e ti n n u m b e r and p r i c e * A k r o n , O h io , D e c . 1976 1________________________________________ 1900-76, 1900-59, A lb a n y —Sch en e ctad y —T r o y , N . Y . , Sept. 1976 ________________ A n a h e i m —Santa A n a—G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , O ct. 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________________ 1900-67, A tl a n ta , G a., M a y 1 9 7 6 __________________________________________ 1900-30, B a l t i m o r e , M d . , A u g . 1 9 7 6 _____________________________________ 1900-52, B i l l i n g s , M o n t . , July 1 9 7 6 ______________________________________ 1900-39, B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1976 1 ________________________________ 1900-1 1, 1900-53, B os ton , M a s s . , A u g . 1976 ______________________________________ B u f fa lo , N . Y . , O c t. 1976 ________________________________________ 1900-70, Canton, O h io , M a y 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________ 1900-28, C hattano og a, T e n n .—G a . , Sept. 1976 __________________________ 1900-57, C h i c a g o , 111., M a y 1976 _________________________________________ 1900-32, C in c in n a ti, O hio —K y . —I n d . , M a r . 1 976________________________ 1900-7, C l e v e l a n d , O h io , Sept. 1 9 7 6 ____________________________________ 1900-62, C olu m b u s , O h io , O c t. 1 9 76 ______________________________________ 1900-68, C or p u s C h r i s t i , T e x . , July 1 976_______________________________ 1900-41, D a l l a s —F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O c t. 1 9 7 6 __________________________ 1900-63, Davenpo rt—R o c k Isla nd—M o l i n e , Io wa—111., F e b . 1976______ 1900-25, D ayto n , O h io , D e c . 1976 ________________________________________ 1900-78, D ayto n a B e a c h , F l a . , A u g . 1976 _______________________________ 1900-45, D e n v e r —B o u l d e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1 9 76 ____________________________ 1900-73, D e t r o i t , M i c h . , M a r . 1976 1 ____________________________________ 1900-15, F r e s n o , C a l i f . , June 1976 ______________________________________ 1900-29, G a i n e s v i l l e , F l a . , Sept. 1976 ___________________________________ 1900-54, Gr.een B a y , W i s . , July 1 9 7 6 ________________________________ ____ 1900-37, G r e e n s b o r o —W i n s t o n - S a l e m —H ig h P o i n t , N . C . , A u g . 1 976________________________________________________1900-47, G r e e n v i l l e —S p a r t a n b u r g , S . C . , June 1976 1___________________ 1900-36, H a r t f o r d , C onn., M a r . 1 9 76 ____________________________________ 1900-14, 1900-26, H ouston, T e x . , A p r . 1 9 76_______________________________________ H u n t s v i l l e , A l a . , F e b . 1977 1____________________________________ 1950-4, I n d ia n a p o lis , Ind., O c t. 1 9 76 ____________________________________ 1900-58, J ac k s on , M i s s . , F e b . 1977 1____________________________________ 1950-2, J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1976 1 _________________________________ 1900-80, K an s as C i t y , M o . - K a n s . , Sept. 1 9 7 6 * ________________________ 1900-60, L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h , C a l i f . , O c t. 1 9 76 ________________ _ 1900-77, L o u i s v i l l e , K y.—Ind., N o v . 1976________________________________ 1900-69, B u lle tin s the bac k P rin tin g surveys, 85 cents 55 cents 75 cents 85 cents 85 cents .55 cents 95 cents 85 cents 75 cents 55 cents 55 cents $1.05 75 cents 95 cents 75 cents 55 cents 85 cents 55 cents 85 cents 45 cents 85 cents $1.25 55 cents 45 cents 55 cents 65 cents 85 cents 55 cents 85 cents $1.40 75 cents $ 1.5 0 85 cents $1.05 85 cents 55 cents Area M e m p h i s , T e n n . —A r k . —M i s s ., N o v . 1976 1_____________________ M i a m i , F l a . , O c t. 1976___________________________________________ M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , A p r . 1976 ________________________r___________ M i n n e a p o l i s —S t. P a u l , M inn.—W i s . , Jan. 1977 ________________ N a s s a u —Su ffo lk , N . Y . , June 1976 _______________________________ N e w a r k , N . J . , Jan. 1976 _________________________________________ N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , Jan. 1977 1_________________ '. _________________ N e w Y o r k , N . Y . - N . J . , M a y 1976________________________________ N o r f o l k —V i r g i n i a B e a c b ^ P o r t s m o u t h , V a.— N . C . , M a y 1976 1_________________________________________________ N o r f o l k —V i r g i n i a B ea ch —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p t o n , V a . - N . C . , M a y 1976 1 ___________ N o r t h e a s t P e n n s y l v a n i a , A u g . 1976 ____________________________ O k l a h o m a C i t y , O k l a . , A u g . 1 976_______________________________ O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , O c t. 1976__________________________________ P a t e r son—C l i ft o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , June 1976 __________________ P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N . J . , N o v . 1976 1____________________________ P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan. 1977______________________________________ P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , D e c . 1976 1 ___________________________________ P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a s h . , M a y 1976 _____________________________ P o u g h k e e p s i e , N . Y . , June 1976 _________________________________ P o u g h k e e p s ie —K in g s ton —N e w b u r g h , N . Y . , June 1976________ P r o v i d e n c e — a r w i c k —P a w t u c k e t , R .1.— W M a s s . , June 1 9 76 ____________________________________________ ^___ R i c h m o n d , V a . , June 1976_______________________________________ St. L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1976 1_________________________________ S a c r a m e n t o , C a l i f . , D e c . 1976 __________________________________ Sa gin a w , M i c h . , N o v . 1976 1_____________________________________ Salt L a k e C ity —O g d e n , Utah, N o v . 1976_______________________ San A n to n i o , T e x . , M a y 1976 ___________________________________ San D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1 976____________________________________ San F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d , C a l i f . , M a r . 1976 ___________________ San J o s e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1976_____________________________________ S e a t tle —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , Jan. 1976 _____________________________ South Ben d, Ind., M a r . 1976 ____________________________________ S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , July 1 976______________________________ _________ T o l e d o , O hio— i c h . , M a y 1 976__________________________________ M T r e n t o n , N . J . , Sept. 1 976________________________________________ W a s h in g to n , D .C .—M d .—V a . , M a r . 1976 _______________________ W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1 976_______________________________________ W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , A p r . 1976 ___________________________________ Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1977 _____________________________________________ l B u lle tin n u m b e r and p r i c e * 1900-75, 1900-66, 1900-22, 1950-3, 1900-35, 1900-10, 1950-5, 1900-48, 85 cents 75 cents 85 cents $ 1.6 0 85 cents 85 cents $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .0 5 1900-27, 85 cents 1900-33, 1900-43, 1900-42, 1900-61, 1900-38, 1900-64, 1950-1, 1900-72, 1900-51, 1900-50, 1900-55, 85 cents 65 cents 55 cents 55 cents 55 cents $ 1.1 0 $ 1.5 0 85 cents 75 cents 45 cents 55 cents 1900-31, 1900-34, 1900-19, 1900-71, 1900-74, 1900-65, 1900-23, 1900-79, 1900-9, 1900-13, 1900-6, 1900-5, 1900-44, 1900-24, 1900-56, 1900-12, 1900-21, 1900-16, 1950-6, 75 cents 65 cents $ 1.2 5 55 cents 75 cents 55 cents 65 cents 55 cents 95 cents 75 cents 65 cents 55 cents 55 cents 55 cents 55 cents 85 cents 55 cents 55 cents $1.10 Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change. Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor Third Class Mail Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 Lab-441 Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices Ragion I Region II Region lit Region IV 1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6761 (Area Code617) Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: 399-5406 (AreaCode212) 3535 Market Street, P.O. Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa. 19101 Phone: 596-1154 (AreaCode215) Suite 540 >371 Peachtree S t., N.E. 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