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Spokane
SPOKANE
AREA WAGE SURVEY
T h e
S p o k a n e ,
W
a s h i n g t o n ,
M e t r o p o l i t a n
A r e a ,
J u n e
B u lle tin
U .S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
1 9 7 0
1 6 6 0 -8 6
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Region I
1603-B Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617)
Region II
341 Ninth Ave.
New York, N.Y. 10001
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)
Region III
406 Penn Square Building
1317 Filbert St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19107
Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215)
Region IV
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St. NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)
Region VI
337 Mayflower Building
411 North Akard St.
Dallas, Tex. 75201
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)
* Regions VII and VIII will be service by Kansas City.
•*
Regions IX and X will be serviced b San Francisco.
Regions VII and VIII
Federal Office Building
911 Walnut St., 10th Floor
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)
Regions IX and X
450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)
Region V
219 South Dearborn St.
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)
U .S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
AREA WAGE SURVEY
T h e S p o k a n e , W a s h i n g t o n , M e tr o p o lita n A r e a ,
June 1 9 7 0
B u lle tin
1 6 6 0 -8 6
September 1970
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 3
5
cents
C o n t e n t s
P r e f a c e
Page
T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s p r o g r a m o f a nn ua l
o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s i s d e
s i g n e d t o p r o v i d e da t a o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s , and e s t a b
l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It
y ie ld s d e t a ile d data b y s e l e c t e d in d u s t r y d iv is io n f o r e a ch
o f the a r e a s s t u d i e d , f o r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s , and f o r the
U n it e d S t a t e s .
A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in th e p r o g r a m i s
the n e e d f o r g r e a t e r i n s i g h t in to ( l ) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s
b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l , and (2) the s t r u c
t u r e and l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s .
A t th e e n d o f e a c h s u r v e y , an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l
l e t i n p r e s e n t s s u r v e y r e s u l t s f o r e a c h a r e a s t u d ie d . A f t e r
c o m p l e t i o n o f a l l o f the i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l l e t i n s f o r a r o u n d
o f s u r v e y s , tw o s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a re is s u e d . T h e f i r s t
b r i n g s da ta f o r e a c h o f the m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s t u d i e d in to
one bulletin .
The s e co n d p r e se n ts in fo rm a tio n w h ich has
b e e n p r o j e c t e d f r o m i n d i v i d u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a da t a to
r e l a t e t o g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s and the U n ite d S t a t e s .
I n t r o d u c t i o n ________________________________________________________________________
W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _____________________________
T a b les:
1.
2.
A.
B.
N i n e t y a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e i n c l u d e d in the p r o
g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , i n f o r m a t i o n o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s
is c o l l e c t e d a n n u a l l y a n d o n e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and
sup plem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s bienn ially.
T h i s b u l l e t i n p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y in
S p o k a n e , W a s h . , in J u n e 1 9 7 0. T h e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n
S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f i n e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t
th rou g h J a n u a ry 1968, c o n s i s t s o f Spokane C ounty.
Th is
s t u d y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u ' s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in San
F r a n c i s c o , C a l i f . , u n d e r the g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f A d o l p h O.
B e r g e r , A ssista n t R egion al D ir e c t o r fo r O peration s.
1
5
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f s u r v e y and
n u m b e r s tu d ie d __________________________________________________________
I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k l y s a l a r i e s a nd s t r a i g h t - t i m e
h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , and
p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s ___________________________
O ccu pational earn ings:
A -l.
O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and w o m e n __________________________
A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l a nd t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n ----------------------A - 3 . O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —
m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d ____________________________________
A - 4 . M a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s ____________________
A - 5 . C u s t o d i a l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ------------------E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s :
B - l . M in im u m en tran ce s a la r ie s fo r w o m e n o ffice
w o r k e r s __________________________________________________________
B - 2 . S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ________________________________________________
B - 3 . S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ________________________________________
B - 4 . P a i d h o l i d a y s _____________________________________________________
B - 5 . P a i d v a c a t i o n s ____________________________________________________
B - 6 . H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s _______________________
B - 7 . M e t h o d o f w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n a nd f r e q u e n c y o f
p a y m e n t __________________________________________________________
A ppendix.
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ________________________________________
areas.
NOTE:
S im ila r tabu lation s a r e
(See in side b a ck c o v e r .)
available
for
oth er
U n io n s c a l e s , i n d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s , a r e
a v a ila b le f o r b uildin g c o n s t r u c t io n ; p r in tin g ; l o c a l - t r a n s i t
o p e r a t i n g e m p l o y e e s ; and m o t o r t r u c k d r i v e r s , h e l p e r s , and
a llied occu p a tio n s.
iii
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I n t r o d u c t i o n
T h i s a r e a i s 1 o f 90 in w h i c h th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s
B u rea u of L a b o r S ta tistic s con du cts s u r v e y s of o ccu p a tio n a l earn ings
a nd r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s o n an a r e a w i d e b a s i s . 1 In t h is a r e a , da t a w e r e
o b t a i n e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s to r e p r e s e n t
a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s :
Manu
f a c t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ;
w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and
serv ices.
M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th ese stu dies a re
g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and th e c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e
o m i t t e d b e c a u s e t h e y t e n d t o f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in the
occu pati.ons stu d ied to w a r r a n t in c lu s io n .
S ep arate tabu lation s are
p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l i
cation c r it e r ia .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s d a t a a r e s h o w n f o r
f u ll- t i m e w o r k e r s , i .e ., th ose h ir e d to w o r k a re g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le
in th e g i v e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
E a rn in g s data e x c lu d e p r e
m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
late s h ifts.
N o n p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a l l o w a n c e s and i n c e n t i v e e a r n i n g s a r e i n c l u d e d . W h e r e w e e k l y h o u r s
a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is t o th e
s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k ( r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h i c h e m
p lo y e e s r e c e i v e th eir re g u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s ( e x c lu s iv e of pay
f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n
in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t i o n s h a v e b e e n r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r .
The a v e ra g e s p re se n te d re fle c t c o m p o s ite , a rea w ide e s t i
m ates.
I n d u s t r i e s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b
s t a f f i n g a n d , t h u s , c o n t r i b u t e d i f f e r e n t l y to th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b .
T h e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p o b t a i n a b l e f r o m th e a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a i n t a i n e d a m o n g j o b s in
i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v
e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in a n y o f th e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u ld
not b e a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f the s e x e s
w it h i n i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
O ther p o s s ib le f a c t o r s w h ich m a y
c o n t r i b u t e to d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n and w o m e n i n c l u d e :
D iffer
e n c e s in p r o g r e s s i o n w i t h i n e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s , s i n c e o n l y th e
a c t u a l r a t e s p a i d i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; and d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c
d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d , a lt h o u g h th e w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y
w it h i n th e s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n .
J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in
c l a s s i f y i n g e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l l y m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d
th a n t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and a l l o w f o r m i n o r
d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e s p e c i f i c d u t i e s p e r f o r m e d .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u cte d on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e of
th e u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y i n g a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
To
o b t a i n o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f
l a r g e th a n o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s t u d i e d . In c o m b i n i n g th e d a t a ,
h o w e v e r , all e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e giv en th eir a p p ro p ria te w eigh t.
E s
t i m a t e s b a s e d o n th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e ,
a s r e l a t i n g t o a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e i n d u s t r y g r o u p i n g and a r e a ,
e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e l o w th e m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d ie d .
O ccupations
and E a r n i n g s
The o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r study a re c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y
o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f th e
follow ing types:
(1) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ;
(3) m a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t ; and (4) c u s t o d i a l and m a t e r i a l m o v e
m ent.
O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d o n a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b
d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d t o ta k e a c c o u n t o f in t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n
in d u t ie s w it h i n th e s a m e j o b .
T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y
a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d i x . T h e e a r n i n g s d a t a f o l l o w i n g
th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d . E a r n i n g s da t a f o r s o m e
o f th e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s
w it h in o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e not p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e
e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h
da ta t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e
of individual e s ta b lis h m e n t data.
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in
a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h i n the s c o p e o f th e s t u d y and n ot th e n u m b e r
actu ally su rv e y e d .
B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , th e e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b
ta in ed f r o m the s a m p le of e s t a b lis h m e n ts stu died s e r v e o n ly to in dica te
th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d i e d .
T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in
o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n ot a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f th e
e a r n i n g s d a ta .
E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s
and S u p p l e m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s
I n f o r m a t i o n is p r e s e n t e d ( in th e B - s e r i e s
tables) on s e le c t e d
1
Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State
e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s a s t h e y
Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (office occu
r e l a t e to p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , and
pations only); Syracuse; and Utica—Rome. In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies
p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s , and c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k e r s w h o a r e u t i l i z e d
in 78 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions of the U.S. De
as a s e p a ra te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d .
" P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu d e
partment of Labor.
1
2
w o r k i n g f o r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s
(inclu din g le a d m e n and t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s .
"O ffice w o rk e rs "
i n c l u d e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s and n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g
c l e r i c a l or rela ted fun ction s.
C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s and r o u t e m e n a r e
e x c l u d e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , but i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g
i n d u s t r ie s .
M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( ta b le
B - l ) r e l a t e o n l y to th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . B e c a u s e o f the o p t i m u m
s a m p l i n g t e c h n i q u e s u s e d , and th e p r o b a b i l i t y that l a r g e e s t a b l i s h
m en ts are m o r e lik e ly to have f o r m a l en tra n ce ra tes fo r w o r k e r s
a b o v e the s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l than s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the t a b l e is
m o r e - r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s in m e d i u m and l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l da ta ( t a b l e B - 2 ) a r e l i m i t e d t o pla n t w o r k e r s
in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .
T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d b o t h in
t e r m s o f (1) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f t o t a l pla n t
w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t , and (2) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s
o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y e m p l o y e d o n th e s p e c i f i e d s h if t at th e t i m e o f the
survey.
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , the a m o u n t
a p p l y i n g to a m a j o r i t y w a s u s e d o r , if no a m o u n t a p p l i e d to a m a j o r i t y ,
the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n " o t h e r " w a s u s e d . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in w h i c h s o m e
l a t e - s h i f t h o u r s a r e p a i d at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d i f f e r e n t i a l w a s r e c o r d e d
o n l y if it a p p l i e d to a m a j o r i t y o f th e s h if t h o u r s .
T h e s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ( t a b le B - 3 ) o f a m a j o r i t y o f the
f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e t a b u l a t e d as a p p l y i n g to
a ll o f the p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f th at e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
Sch edu led
w e e k l y h o u r s a r e t h o s e w h i c h f u l l - t i m e e m p l o y e e s w e r e e x p e c t e d to
w o r k , w h e t h e r t h e y w e r e p a i d f o r at s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e r a t e s .
P a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ; h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n
p la n s ;
and f r e q u e n c y o f w a g e p a y m e n t ( t a b l e s B - 4 t h r o u g h B - 7 )
a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y o n th e b a s i s th at t h e s e a r e a p p l i c a b l e t o a ll
pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s if a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r
m a y e v e n t u a l l y q u a l i f y f o r th e p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d .
Su m s o f in dividual
i t e m s in t a b l e s B - 2 t h r o u g h B - 7 m a y not e q u a l t o t a l s b e c a u s e o f
rou nding.
D a ta o n p a i d h o l i d a y s ( t a b le B - 4 ) a r e l i m i t e d t o da ta o n h o l i
d a y s g r a n t e d a n n u a lly o n a f o r m a l b a s i s ; i . e . , (1) a r e p r o v i d e d f o r
in w r i t t e n f o r m , o r (2) h a v e b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m .
H olidays
o r d in a r ily gran ted a re in clu d e d e v e n though th ey m a y fall on a n o n
w o r k d a y and th e w o r k e r is not g r a n t e d a n o t h e r d a y o f f .
The fir s t
p a r t o f th e p a i d h o l i d a y s t a b l e p r e s e n t s th e n u m b e r o f w h o l e and h a lf
h olid ays actu ally granted.
T h e s e c o n d p a r t c o m b i n e s w h o l e and h a lf
h o lid a y s to show tota l h o lid a y t i m e .
T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p l a n s ( t a b le B - 5 ) is l i m i t e d t o a
sta tistica l m e a s u re of v a ca tio n p r o v is io n s .
It is n o t in t e n d e d a s a
m e a s u r e o f th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y r e c e i v i n g s p e c i f i c b e n e
f i t s . P r o v i s i o n s o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t f o r a ll l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e w e r e
t a b u l a t e d a s a p p l y i n g t o a ll pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f the e s t a b l i s h
m e n t , r e g a r d l e s s o f le n g t h o f s e r v i c e .
P r o v i s i o n s f o r p a y m e n t on
o t h e r than a t i m e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d t o a t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e ,
a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s th e e q u i v
a le n t o f 1 w e e k ' s p a y . E s t i m a t e s e x c l u d e v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s p la n s and
th ose w hich o ffe r "e x te n d e d " or "s a b b a tic a l" b enefits beyond b a s ic
p l a n s t o w o r k e r s w it h q u a l i f y i n g l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e .
T y p ic a l of such
e x c l u s i o n s a r e p l a n s in t h e s t e e l , a l u m i n u m , and c a n i n d u s t r i e s .
D a ta o n h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s ( t a b le B - 6 ) i n
c l u d e t h o s e p l a n s f o r w h i c h th e e m p l o y e r p a y s at l e a s t a p a r t o f the
c o s t . S u ch p la n s i n c l u d e t h o s e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e
c o m p a n y and t h o s e p r o v i d e d t h r o u g h a u n io n fu n d o r p a i d d i r e c t l y b y
th e e m p l o y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t i n g f u n d s o r f r o m a fund s e t a s i d e
f o r t h is p u r p o s e .
A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d t o h a v e a p la n
i f th e m a j o r i t y o f e m p l o y e e s w a s e l i g i b l e t o b e c o v e r e d u n d e r the
p l a n , e v e n if l e s s th a n a m a j o r i t y e l e c t e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e b e c a u s e e m
p l o y e e s w e r e r e q u i r e d t o c o n t r i b u t e t o w a r d th e c o s t o f th e p l a n .
Le
g a lly r e q u i r e d p la n s , su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n , s o c i a l s e
c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t w e r e e x c l u d e d .
S i c k n e s s a nd a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e is l i m i t e d t o that ty p e o f
in su ra n ce under w hich p r e d e te r m in e d cash paym ents are m ade d ir e ctly
to th e i n s u r e d d u r i n g i l l n e s s o r a c c i d e n t d i s a b i l i t y .
I n f o r m a t i o n is
p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s u c h p la n s t o w h i c h th e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t e s .
H ow
e v e r , in N e w Y o r k and N e w J e r s e y , w h i c h h a v e e n a c t e d t e m p o r a r y
d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e l a w s w h i c h r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 3 p la n s
a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y if th e e m p l o y e r (1) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e th a n is l e g a l l y
r e q u i r e d , o r (2) p r o v i d e s the e m p l o y e e w it h b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d the
r e q u i r e m e n t s o f the l a w .
T a b u l a t i o n s o f p a i d s i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e
l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p l a n s 4 w h i c h p r o v i d e f u ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f the
w o r k e r ' s pay during a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e of i lln e s s .
Separate
t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g t o (1) p l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y
a nd no w a i t i n g p e r i o d , and (2) p l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e e i t h e r p a r t i a l p a y
o r a w a i t i n g p e r i o d . In a d d i t i o n t o th e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f th e p r o p o r t i o n s
o f w o r k e r s w h o a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r p a id
s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p l i c a t e d t o t a l is s h o w n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e
eith er o r both ty pes of b e n e fits.
2
An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following con
The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer
ditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering
contributions.
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1) had operated late
An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating
minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee.
Such a plan need not be
late shifts.
written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.
3
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e i n c l u d e s t h o s e p la n s w h i c h a r e d e
s i g n e d to p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s and i n j u r y i n v o l v i n g
e x p e n s e s b e y o n d th e c o v e r a g e o f b a s i c h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , and
s u r g ic a l plan s.
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v i d i n g f o r c o m
p le t e o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s .
S u c h p la n s m a y b e u n d e r
w ritten by c o m m e r c i a l in su r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n on profit o rg a n iza tio n s
o r t h e y m a y b e p a id f o r b y the e m p l o y e r out o f a fun d s e t a s i d e f o r
th is p u r p o s e .
T a b u l a t i o n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to
t h o s e p la n s that p r o v i d e r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s f o r the r e m a i n d e r o f the
w o r k e r 1s l i f e .
M e t h o d o f w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n ( t a b le B - 7 ) r e l a t e s to b a s i c
t y p e s o f r a t e s t r u c t u r e f o r w o r k e r s p a i d u n d e r v a r i o u s t i m e and i n
cen tive s y s t e m s .
U n d e r a s i n g l e r a t e s t r u c t u r e th e s a m e r a t e is p a i d
t o a l l e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s in th e s a m e j o b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . A n i n d i v i d
ual w o r k e r o c c a s i o n a l l y m a y b e p a id a b o v e o r b e l o w th e s i n g l e r a t e
f o r s p e c i a l r e a s o n s , but s u c h p a y m e n t s a r e e x c e p t i o n s . A r a n g e - o f r a t e s p l a n s p e c i f i e s th e m i n i m u m a n d / o r m a x i m u m r a t e p a i d e x p e r i
e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r the s a m e j o b . I n f o r m a t i o n a l s o i s p r o v i d e d on the
m e t h o d o f p r o g r e s s i o n t h r o u g h the r a n g e . In th e a b s e n c e o f a f o r m a l
r a t e s t r u c t u r e , th e q u a l i f i c a t i o n s o f th e i n d i v i d u a l w o r k e r d e t e r m i n e
th e p a y r a t e . I n f o r m a t i o n on t y p e s o f i n c e n t i v e p l a n s is p r o v i d e d o n l y
f o r p la n t w o r k e r s b e c a u s e o f the l o w i n c i d e n c e o f s u c h p l a n s f o r o f f i c e
w orkers.
U n d e r a p i e c e w o r k s y s t e m , a p r e d e t e r m i n e d r a t e is p a id
f o r e a c h unit o f o u tpu t. P r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e b a s e d o n p r o d u c t i o n
o v e r a q u o t a o r c o m p l e t i o n o f a j o b in l e s s th a n s t a n d a r d t i m e .
Com
p e n s a tio n on a c o m m i s s i o n b a s is r e p r e s e n t s p a y m e n ts b a s e d on a
p e r c e n t a g e o f va lu e o f s a l e s , o r on a c o m b i n a t i o n o f a stated s a la r y
p lu s a p e r c e n t a g e .
table
Data
B -7.
on
frequen cy
of
wage
paym ent
also
are
p rovid ed
in
4
T a b le 1.
E sta b lish m e n ts and w o rk e rs within s c o p e
o f s u rv e y and n um ber stu d ied in S p o k a n e , W a s h .,1 by m a jor in du stry d iv is io n ,2 June 1970
Number of es tablishments
Industry division
Minimum
employment
in esta b lish
ments in scope
of study
W orkers in establishments
Within scope of study
Within scope
of study*
Studied
Studied
T otal4
Plant
Number
All divisions________________________________
Manufacturing
________ ______ _
N on m anufacturing-______ _________ ___ ___
Transportation, com m unication, and
other public utilities 5
W holesale trade — ___ ___ . . . . ____
Retail trade______ __________________________ __
Finance, insurance, and real esta te-----------S ervices
--------------
P ercent
Office
T otal4
.
170
69
27,019
100
17,986
4, 068
17,779
50
53
117
23
46
9,888
17,131
37
63
7, 769
10, 217
720
3,348
6, 962
10,817
20
10
7
13
7
9
5, 341
2, 005
6, 232
1,824
1, 729
20
19
46
14
18
-
50
50
50
50
50
7
23
7
6
2,999
(6)
(6)
(7)
(6)
589
(‘ )
(6)
(‘ )
(6)
4, 606
952
2, 690
1,459
1,110
1 The Spokane Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea , as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through January 1968, con sists of Spokane County. The "w ork ers within scope of study"
estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and com position of the labor fo rce included in the survey. The estim ates are not intended, how ever, to serve
as a basis of com parison with other employm ent indexes for the area to m easure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishm ent data com piled
con siderably in advance of the p a yroll p eriod studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents are excluded from the scope of the survey.
2 The 1967 edition of the Standard Industrial C lassification Manual was used in classifying establishm ents by industry division.
3 Includes all establishm ents with total em ploym ent at or above the minimum lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) of com panies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair se rvice ,
and m otion picture theaters are con sid ered as 1 establishm ent.
4 Includes executive, p rofession a l, and other w orkers excluded fro m the separate plant and office categories.
5 Taxicabs and s e rv ice s incidental to w ater transportation w ere excluded.
* This industry division is represented in estim ates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the S eries A tables, and for " a ll industries" in the S eries B tables. Separate presentation
of data for this division is not made for one or m ore of the following reasons; (l) Employment in the division is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sample was not
designed initially to perm it separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is possib ility of disclosu re of individual establishment data.
7 W orkers from this entire industry division are represented in estim ates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the S eries A tables, but from the real estate portion only in estim ates
for " a ll industries" in the S eries B tables. Separate presentation of data fo r this division is not made fo r one or m ore of the reasons given in footnote 6 above.
8 Hotels and m otels; laundries and other p ersonal s e rv ice s ; business s e rv ice s ; automobile repair, rental, and parking; m otion p ictu res; nonprofit m em bership organizations (excluding religious
and charitable organizations); and engineering and architectural se rv ice s.
About tw o-fifths of the w orkers within scope of the survey in the Spokane area were
em ployed in manufacturing firm s. The following presents the m ajor industry groups and
s p ecific industries as a percent of all manufacturing;
Industry groups
S pecific industries
P rim a ry m etal in d u stries______ 42
Food and kindred p ro d u cts____ 17
Printing and publishing_________ 8
Lumber and wood products-------- 7
Transportation equipment______ 6
E le ctrica l equipment and
supplies_______________________ 5
N onferrous rolling and
drawing------------------------------------25
P rim a ry nonferrous m etals--------16
Newspapers-------------------------------- 8
Meat products---------------------------- 6
E le ctric lighting and
wiring equipment--------------------- 5
This inform ation is based on estim ates of total employment derived from universe
m aterials com piled p rio r to actual survey. P roportions in various industry divisions may
differ from proportions based on the results of the survey as shown in table 1 above.
W
a g e
T r e n d s
f o r
S e l e c t e d
P r e s e n t e d in t a b l e 2 a r e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e
i n a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ,
and in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s .
The in d exes
a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f
w a g e s d u r i n g the b a s e p e r i o d . S u b t r a c t i n g 100 f r o m th e i n d e x y i e l d s
th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m th e b a s e p e r i o d t o th e d a t e o f the
in d e x . The p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n ge o r i n c r e a s e r e la te to w a ge ch a n g e s
b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d d a t e s . T h e s e e s t i m a t e s a r e m e a s u r e s o f c h a n g e
in a v e r a g e s f o r th e a r e a ; t h e y a r e n o t i n t e n d e d t o m e a s u r e a v e r a g e
p a y c h a n g e s i n the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e a r e a .
O c c u p a t i o n a l
G r o u p s
F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s a n d i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , the w a g e
t r e n d s r e l a t e to r e g u l a r w e e k l y s a l a r i e s f o r the n o r m a l w o r k w e e k ,
e x clu s iv e of earn ings fo r o v e r t im e .
F o r pla n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , th e y
m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , e x c l u d i n g
p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
late s h ifts.
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s a r e b a s e d o n da ta f o r s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u
p a t i o n s a n d i n c l u d e m o s t o f the n u m e r i c a l l y i m p o r t a n t j o b s w ith in
each group.
L im itation s
o f D ata
M ethod o f C om putin g
The in d ex es and p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n g e , as m e a s u r e s of
c h a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e i n f l u e n c e d b y :
(1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and
w a g e c h a n g e s , (2) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i
v i d u a l w o r k e r s w h i l e in the s a m e j o b , a n d (3) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
w a g e s du e to c h a n g e s in the l a b o r f o r c e r e s u l t i n g f r o m l a b o r t u r n
o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , a n d c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r
t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s .
C h a n g e s in th e l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the
o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s w it h o u t a c t u a l w a g e c h a n g e s .
It i s c o n c e i v a b l e
that e v e n th o u g h a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in a n a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s ,
a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y have d e c lin e d b e c a u s e lo w e r - p a y in g e sta b lis h m e n ts
e n t e r e d th e a r e a o r e x p a n d e d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s .
S im ila rly, wages
m a y have r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y Constant, y e t the a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a
m a y have r is e n c o n s i d e r a b l y b e c a u s e h ig h e r -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts
e n t e r e d the a r e a .
E a c h o f th e s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u p a t i o n s w i t h i n an o c c u p a t i o n a l
g ro u p was a s sig n e d a con sta n t w eight b a s e d on its p r o p o r tio n a te e m
p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p . T h e a v e r a g e ( m e a n ) e a r n i n g s f o r
e a c h o c c u p a t i o n w e r e m u l t i p l i e d b y th e o c c u p a t i o n a l w e i g h t , and the
p r o d u c t s f o r all o c c u p a t i o n s in th e g r o u p w e r e t o t a l e d . T h e a g g r e g a t e s
f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s w e r e r e l a t e d b y d i v i d i n g th e a g g r e g a t e f o r
the l a t e r y e a r b y th e a g g r e g a t e f o r th e e a r l i e r y e a r .
The resultant
r e l a t i v e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t , s h o w s the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e . T h e i n d e x
i s the p r o d u c t o f m u l t i p l y i n g th e b a s e y e a r r e l a t i v e (100) b y the r e l a t i v e
f o r the n e x t s u c c e e d i n g y e a r and c o n t i n u i n g to m u l t i p l y ( c o m p o u n d )
e a c h y e a r ' s r e l a t i v e b y th e p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s i n d e x . A v e r a g e e a r n i n g s
f o r th e f o l l o w i n g o c c u p a t i o n s w e r e u s e d i n c o m p u t i n g th e w a g e t r e n d s :
Office clerical (men and women): Office clerical (m en and women)— Skilled maintenance (men):
Bookkeeping-machine
Continued
Carpenters
operators, class B
Secretaries
Electricians
Clerks, accounting, classes
Stenographers, general
Machinists
A and B
Stenographers, senior
Mechanics
Cleiks, file, classes
Switchboard operators, classes
Mechanics (automotive)
A , B, and C
A and B
Painters
Clerks, order
Tabulating-machine operators,
Pipefitters
Clerks, payroll
class B
Tool and die makers
Comptometer operators
Typists, classes A and B
Keypunch operators, classes
Unskilled plant (men):
A and B
Industrial nurses (men and women):
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Office boys and girls
Nurses, industrial (registered)
Laborers, material handling
T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p l o y m e n t w e i g h t s e l i m i n a t e s th e e f f e c t
o f c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h j o b i n
c l u d e d in th e d a t a .
The p e r ce n ta g e s o f change r e fle c t on ly ch a n ges
in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s .
T h e y a r e not i n f l u e n c e d b y
c h a n g e s in s t a n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u l e s , a s s u c h , o r b y p r e m i u m pa y
fo r o v ertim e.
W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , data w e r e a d j u s t e d to r e m o v e f r o m
the i n d e x e s a n d p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d
b y c h a n g e s in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
5
6
T a b le 2.
In d e xe s of s ta n d a r d w e e k l y sa laries a n d s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s fo r s e le c te d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s
in S p o k a n e , W a s h . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 a nd J u n e 1 9 6 9 , a n d p e r c e n t s of c h a n g e 1 f o r s e le c te d p e r io d s
A ll in d u s t r i e s
P eriod
O ffice
clerical
( m e n and
women)
I n d u s t ria l
nu r s e s
( m e n and
women)
S k ille d
m a in t e n a n c e
trades
(m e n )
M a n u fa ctu rin g
U n s k il le d
plant
w orkers
(men)
O ffice
clerical
( m e n and
women)
I n d u s t ria l
nu r s e s
( m e n and
women)
Sk ille d
m a in t e n a n c e
tr a d e s
(m en)
U n s k il le d
plant
worke r s
(m en)
( 2)
( 2)
122.1
115.7
111.2
110.0
( 2)
( 2)
145.2
118.9
125.1
112.5
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( )
( )
5.5
3.7
11.6
4.2
.8
4.6
1.7
2.2
4.1
1.1
6.6
3.2
3.2
.4
3.5
1.5
3—.4
3.9
I n d e x e s (June 1967=100)
June 1970-------------------------- ------------------- -------------June 1969— ------ ---------- ---------------- -------------- -- --------
114.4
109.7
(>)
(2 )
121.2
115.0
117.7
110.4
( 2)
(2)
I n d e x e s ( M a y 1961=100)
June 1970
--June 1967 - --
------ ----------------------- -- -------------------—
- - — - ------- --------
140.9
123.1
0
(2)
146.1
120.5
147.0
124.9
(2 )
( 2)
P e r c e n t s o f ch a n ge 1
June
June
June
June
June
May
May
May
May
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
June
June
June
June
June
June
May
May
May
1 9 7 0 — . . . ------ -------------- -------1 9 6 9 ------------------------------------------1 9 6 8 ------------------------------------------1 9 6 7 ------- ----------------------------------1966 _ _ __
— ----- . -----1965
- -------------- — —
1964
____ ___
------- 1963- -—
---------—
1 9 6 2 ----------------------------- ---------------
4.3
5.2
4.3
6.2
3.3
2.6
2.6
3.8
2.6
( 2)
()
()
( 2)
()
o
o
0
( 2)
5.4
4.1
10.5
3.8
2.4
4.2
2.4
2.2
3.9
6.6
6.5
3.6
7.3
2.7
3.1
2.1
2.1
5.5
( 2)
( )
(2)
( )
( )
( )
(2 )
( )
( 2)
o
o
( 2)
1 A ll c h a n g e s a r e i n c r e a s e s u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e in d ic a t e d .
2 Data do not m e e t p u b lic a t i o n c r i t e r i a .
3 T h is d e c l i n e l a r g e l y r e f l e c t s e m p l o y e e t u r n o v e r within and b e tw e e n h ig h - and l o w - w a g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r a t h e r than w a ge d e c r e a s e s .
NOTE:
P r e v i o u s l y p u b lis h e d in d e x e s f o r the Sp okane a r e a u s e d M a y 1961 as the b a s e p e r i o d . T h e y
c a n be c o n v e r t e d to the n ew b a s e p e r i o d b y d iv id in g th e m b y the c o r r e s p o n d i n g in d e x n u m b e r s f o r
June 1967 on the M a y 1961 b a s e p e r i o d as shown in the ta b le .
(Th e r e s u l t s hou ld be m u l t i p l i e d b y 100.)
7
A.
O c c u p a tio n a l earn in g s
T a b l e A -1 .
O f f ic e o c c u p a t io n s — m en and w o m e n
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Spokane, Wash. , June 1970)
See footnotes at end of table.
8
T a b l e A -1 .
O f f ic e o c c u p a t io n s — m e n and w o m e n ------C o n tin u e d
1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium rates), and the earnings correspond
to these weekly hours.
2 The mean is computed for each job by totaling the earnings of all workers and dividing by the number of workers.
The median designates position— half of the employees surveyed receive more
than the rate shown; half receive less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by 2 rates of pay; a fourth of the workers earn less than the lower of these rates and a fourth earn more than
the higher rate.
* May include workers other than those presented separately.
P ro fe s s io n a l and technical o c c u p a t io n s — men
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Spokane, Wash. , June 1970)
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
Number
of
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a ig h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f—
Average
130
standard)
42
a
O O
URAFTSMtN, CLASS t ---------------------------------i
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
Mean2
$
1 7 0 .5 0
1 7 7 .5 0
Median2
$
1 7 3 .5 0
1 8 0 .5 0
Middle range 2
$
$
1 6 1 .0 0 - 1 8 3 .0 0
1 6 7 . 5 0 —1 8 4 . 0 0
135
140
145
150
155
160
lb 5
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
135
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n
O O
Ta b le A -2 .
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
165
190
195
200
205
1
-
1
-
12
12
1
1
and
unde r
3
-
1
-
3
1
-
8
7
1
1
5
5
2
2
1
1
-
3
3
1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium
rates), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
2 For definition of terms, see footnote 2, table A -1.
9
Ta b le A -3 .
O ffic e , p rofessional, and techn ica l o c c u p a t io n s — men and w o m e n c o m b in e d
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d i v is i o n , S p ok an e, W a sh ., June 1970)
Average
O ccupation and industry division
Number
of
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
Weekly
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -
BUGKKEEPING—
MACHINE OPERATORS,
-----------------------------------------
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B ---------------------------------------------------
26
26
20
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
C
o
NONMANUFACTURING
Average
O ccupation and industry division
$
9 5 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
9 3 .5 0
Number
of
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
------------------
38
3 9 .0 1 1 7 .0 0
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------
35
32
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C
------------------------------------
120
30
90
30
3 9 .5 1 2 3 .5 0
4 0 .0 1 3 4 .0 0
3 9 .0 1 1 9 .0 0
3 9 .0
9 8 .5 0
3 9 .0 1 0 3 .0 0
3 9 .5
9 7 .0 0
3 9 .5
29
23
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------
50
127
3 9 .0 1 2 7 .5 0
3 9 .0 1 0 8 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS B -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------
28
26
3 8 .5 1 0 9 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 1 0 .5 0
--------------------------------
67
49
69
66
72
44
3 9 .5
1 1 4 .5 0
STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
87
76
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 6 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 0 9 .5 0
4 0 .0 1 0 9 .0 0
NUNMANUFACTURING -----------------------------
32
20
3 9 .5 1 2 4 .0 0
3 9 .5 1 2 8 .0 0
COMPTOMETER OPERATORS ------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------
46
17
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 6 .0 0
1 0 6 .5 0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
1 2 1 .0 0
1 1 5 .5 0
8 4 .5 0
8 3 .0 0
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A -------
15
3 9 .0
1 1 8 .0 0
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS b -------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------
31
31
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 0 .5 0
9 0 .5 0
43
32
3 9 .5
9 7 .0 0
3 9 .0 1 0 1 .0 0
TYPISTS, CLASS A ------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------
31
28
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
8 9 .5 0
8 7 .5 0
TYPISTS, CLASS B ------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------
44
38
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
8 7 .5 0
8 4 .5 0
44
35
4 0 .0 1 6 8 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 7 4 .0 0
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B -------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------
1 S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f pay f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u la r a n d /c
c o r r e s p o n d to t h o s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 M ay in c lu d e w o r k e r s o t h e r than th o s e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly .
37
30
STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING-----------------------------
3 9 .0 1 1 2 .5 0
1 1 2 .0 0
7 4 .0 0
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSNONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------
OFFICE BOYS AN0 GIRLS--------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
SECRETARIES, CLASS 0 -----------------------
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B -----------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------NGNMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------
88
26
62
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
9 4 .0 0
9 2 .5 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS C
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------
Weekly
hours 1
’standard)
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED
CONTINUED
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A
Average
Number
of
workers
Occupation and industry division
p r e m iu m
r a t e s ) , and the e a r n in g s
10
T a b le A -4 .
M a in te n a n c e and p o w e rp la n t o c c u p a tio n s
(A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division , Spokane, Wash. , June 1970)
1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late shifts.
2 F or definition o f te r m s , see footnote 2, table A - 1.
3 T ransportation, com m u nication, and other public utilities.
11
Ta b le A -5 .
C u s t o d ia l and material m o v e m e n t o c c u p a tio n s
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , S pok an e, W a s h ., June 1970)
Hourly earnings ^
N um be r o f w ork er
$
s
$
1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0
Number
O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n
woikere
Mean3
Median 3
Middle range 3
A ND
WATCHMEN -----------------------------------------
MANUFACTURING ----------------JANITURS,
PORTfcRS,
A NC
CLEANERS
-------
M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N U N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 ----------------------------------LABORERS,
M ATtRIAL
MA NU FA C TUR IN G
H AND LI NG
------------------
-------------------------------------------------
NUNMANUFACTURING -------------PUBLIC
U T I L I T I E S 4 -----------------------------------
40
36
$
3 .3 5
3 .4 5
$
3 .5 3
3 .5 6
$
$
3 . 3 1 - 3 .6 3
3 . 3 5 - 3 .6 4
277
81
196
39
2 .5 4
3 .0 9
2 .3 2
3 .2 7
2 .2 6
3 .1 5
2 .0 9
3 . 19
2 .0 4 3 .1 1 2 .0 2 2 .9 6 -
3 .1 4
3 .2 0
2 .4 0
3 .3 9
286
93
192
62
3 .4 4
2 .8 3
3 .7 3
4 .0 5
3 .6 4
3 .1 3
3 .8 0
4 . 12
3 .1 4 2 .4 3 3 .6 3 4 .0 3 -
3 .9 6
3 .1 9
4 .0 4
4 .1 6
124
3 .3 7
3 .5 1
125
3 .4 8
3 .4 6
3 .4 2 - 3 .5 9
R E C E I V I N G C L E R K S ------------------------------------------------N C N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
29
24
3 .4 8
3 .4 0
3 .4 9
3 .4 5
4 . 13
4 .0 8
4 .1 5
4 .2 4
4 .2 3
4 .3 2
4 .2 3
4 .2 6
4 .0 4 3 .6 6 4 .0 8 4 .2 2 -
22
212
1/8
4 .0 9
3 .6 2
4 . 14
4 .2 2
4 .2 3
3 .6 5
4 .2 3
4 .2 5
4 .0 4 3 .4 0 4 .2 0 4 .2 2 -
T R A I L E R T Y P E ) ------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N U N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 -----------------------------------
4 .1 6
4 .0 5
4 .2 0
4 .3 1
4 .2 1
4 . 19
4 .2 2
4 .3 4
4 .0 5 3 .6 9 4 .0 9 4 .3 1 -
305
257
48
3 .6 1
3 .5 6
3 .8 9
3 .6 6
3 .6 5
3 .8 9
l o u r l y e a r n in g s
.00
$
$
3 .1 0 3.
of—
$
20 3 .4 0
10
10
77
6
71
-
-
4
4
-
3
3
-
2
2 .3 0 2 .4 o 2 .5 0
-
“
-
14
14
21
21
~
6
4
2
-
-
-
3
3
-
7
7
-
4
4
3
i
-
2
2
2
2
2
i
24
18
6
2.60
2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .
i
i
“
3
3
-
1
-
1
-
-
3
3
l
2
2
10 3 .2 0
FILLERS
-------------------------------------------------------
SH IPPIN G
TRUCKDRIVERS5
---------------------------------------------------------
M A NU FA CTU RIN G
-------------------------------------------------
N U N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 ----------------------------------TRUCKDRIVERS,
AND
INCLUDING
M ED I UM
4
I 1 -1 /2
3
i
-
8
7
59
59
i
49
48
26
16
10
10
2
2
4
4
40
38
27
16
7
7
-
16
14
14
4
4
-
■
5
5
3
-
-
14
14
12
12
“
2
8
8
-
“
TONS)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
2
11
5
2
5
~
---------------------------
1
2
3
4
5
D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s .
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s .
F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o t n o t e 2, ta b le A - l .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
I n clu d e s a ll d r i v e r s , as d e fin e d , r e g a r d le s s o f s i z e and ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a t e d .
-
~
4 .8 0
-
-
-
-
-
i
7
7
-
-
-
“
42
42
53
53
49
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
60
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
74
13
17
-
-
-
-
2
2
12
2
3
2
-
-
-
1
i
“
11
4
94
4
90
247
14
233
213
36
l
1
6
6
2
2
2
18
18
-
1
2
10
2
2
1
~
~
”
~
~
1
1
2
2
7
4
2
6
4
2
lz
16
61
8 40
8 21
i
13
5
8
i
4
-
10
~
24
5
19
~
TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TUNS,
NUNMANUFACTURING --------------
4.40 4 .6 0
16
TO
M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N U N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------— -------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 4 -----------------------------------
.60
54
3 . 4 8 - 3 .7 4
3 . 4 6 - 3 .7 0
3 . 8 1 - 4 .2 4
ORUER
PACKERS,
s
$
S
$
$
$
3.6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 h
3 40 3 -6 0 3• 80 4 .0 0 4 .2 0
4 .3 5
4 .3 8
4 .3 4
4 .3 7
T R U C K E R S , POWER ( F O R K L I F T ) --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------------------------------
22
22
4 .2 6
3 .8 4
4 .2 7
4 .2 7
144
41
103
51
-
3
3
2.00 2.10 2.20
4 .2 9
4 .5 5
4 .2 8
4 .2 9
234
1 .9 0
3 . 1 9 - 3 .6 5
3 . 1 7 - 3 .5 5
490
131
359
229
r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t-tim e
S
$
S
5
>
$
$
$
$
2 . 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3
3 . 0 6 - 3 .5 6
----------------------------------------------
$
an d
under
1 .8 0
GUARDS
$
3
2.00 2. 10 2.20
19
19
36
"
3
3
19
3
162
-
-
16
10
162
1
1
51
1
50
162
67
14
53
_
"
_
-
“
_
_
6
6
-
51
70
60
10
16
16
181
181
25
25
-
13
-
-
-
13
-
-
12
B.
E s ta b lis h m e n t p ra c tic e s a n d
T a b l e B -1 .
s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e
p ro v is io n s
M in im u m e n tra n c e sa laries for w o m e n office w o r k e r s
(D istribution of establishm ents studied in all industries and in industry division s by m inim um entrance salary fo r s elected ca te g o rie s
of inexperienced women o ffic e w o rk e rs, Spokane, W ash., June 1970)
Inexperienced typists
Manufacturing
Minimum weekly straigh t-tim e salary 1
Other inexperienced c le r ic a l w orkers 2
Nonmanufacturing
Base d on standard weekly hours 3 of---
All
industries
All
schedules
40
All
schedules
Establishm ents studied---------------------------------------------------
69
23
XXX
46
Establishm ents having a sp e cifie d m inim um -----------------------
14
4
4
Under $ 62.50--------------------------------------------------------------------$62.50 and under $ 65 .00--------------------------------------------------$65 .00 and under $ 67.50 ------------------------------------------------$67.50 and under $ 70.00--------------------------------------------------$ 70.00 and under $72 .50--------------------------------------------------$ 72.50 and under $ 75.00--------------------------------------------------$ 75.00 and under $ 77.50--------------------------------------------------$ 77.50 and under $ 80.00--------------------------------------------------$80.00 and under $82 .5 0 --------------------------------------------------$82.50 and under $85 .0 0 --------------------------------------------------$85.00 and under $ 87.50-------------------------------------------------$37.50 and under $90 .0 0 --------------------------------------------------$90.00 and under $ 92.50------------- --------- -------------------------$92.50 and o v e r -----------------------------------------------------------------
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
_
2
2
_
2
2
Establishm ents having no sp e cifie d m in im u m ---------------------
16
8
XXX
E stablishm ents which did not em ploy w ork ers
in this ca tegory--------------------------------------------------------------------
39
11
1
Manufacturing
All
industries
All
schedules
40
40
All
schedule s
40
XXX
69
10
8
22
5
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
-
_
1
2
2
2
-
2
3
1
1
-
1
1
2
3
2
2
_
1
2
2
-
-
8
XXX
19
8
XXX
11
XXX
28
XXX
28
10
XXX
18
1
4
23
1 These sa la rie s relate to fo rm a lly established m inim um starting (hiring) regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s that are paid fo r standard workweeks.
2 E xcludes w ork ers in su b c le r ic a l job s such as m e ssen ger or o ffice g ir l.
3 Data are presented fo r all standard w orkweeks com bin ed, and fo r the m ost com m on standard workweek reported.
Nonmanufacturing
Based on standard weekly hours 3 of—
46
XXX
5
17
14
_
1
_
_
_
2
2
2
2
1
1
4
1
1
2
3
_
_
_
_
.
2
i
_
4
1
1
2
3
_
_
_
_
13
T a b le B -2 .
S h ift differentials
( L a t e - s h i f t p a y p r o v i s i o n s f o r m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ,
S p o k a n e , W a s h . , J u n e 1970)
( A l l p la n t w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g = 100 p e r ce n t)
P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g pla n t w o r k e r s —
L a te-sh ift pay p rov ision
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g p r o v i s i o n s 1
f o r late shifts
S e c o n d s h if t
A c t u a l l y w o r k i n g o n la te s h i f t s
T h ird or other
s h ift
S e c o n d s h if t
T h ird o r oth er
s h if t
2 1 .0
9.1
T ota]_______________________________________________
89.5
8 6 .9
N o p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k on l a t e s h i f t -----------
_
_
P a y d i f f e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k o n l a t e s h i f t ----------------
8 9 .5
8 6 .9
2 1 .0
9.1
U n i f o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) ___________________
8 0 .7
8 0 .3
19.6
9.1
5 c e n t s ______________________________________
8 c e n t s ---------------------------------------------------------10 c e n t s -------------------------------------------------------11 c e n t s _____________________________________
12 c e n t s _____________________________________
14 c e n t s _____________________________________
15 c e n t s _____________________________________
17 c e n t s _____________________________________
20 c e n t s _____________________________________
3.9
40.4
11.6
9.8
10.7
4.2
3.9
.4
10.9
3 .4
2.9
1.8
.3
-
(2 )
U n i f o r m p e r c e n t a g e -------------------------- -------------
2.3
10 p e r c e n t __________________________________
_
-
T y p e and a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l :
-
6.7
-
-
-
5.4
.1
.4
2.9
.3
-
-
-
2.3
-
-
-
F u ll d a y 's pay f o r re d u ce d h ou rs
p l u s c e n t s p e r h o u r -------------------------------------
2.9
2.9
.2
-
O t h e r f o r m a l p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ----------------------
3.7
3.7
1.2
-
_
-
42.0
4.2
1 1 .0
9.8
2 .6
1 I n c l u d e s a l l p la n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g ,
e v e n th o u g h th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g l a t e s h i f t s .
2 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
or
-
having f o r m a l
provision s
covering
late
shifts,
14
T a b le B -3 .
S c h e d u le d w e e k ly ho u rs
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s 1 o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , S p o k a n e ,
W a s h ., J u n e 1970)
O ffic e w o r k e r s
P la n t w o r k e r s
W e e k ly h o u r s
A l l in d u s t r i e s 2
A l l w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------------
35 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------3 7 Vz h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------------40 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------4 2 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
2
3
4
M a n u fa c t u r in g
100
100
1
3
59
38
-
81
17
1
P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3
A ll i n d u s t r i e s 4
100
100
93
7
87
-
6
6
M a n u fa c t u r in g
100
8
92
-
S c h e d u le d h o u r s a r e th e w e e k l y h o u r s w h ic h a m a j o r i t y o f th e f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s w e r e e x p e c t e d t o w o r k , w h e t h e r t h e y w e r e p a id f o r a t s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e r a t e s .
I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3
100
-
100
-
15
T a b le
B -4 .
P a id h o lid a ys
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Spokane, Wash., June 1970)
Plant workers
Office workers
Item
All industries 1
All w ork ers-------------------------------------------------W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid holid a ys--------------------- -----------------------------W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid holid a ys----------------------------------------------
Manufacturing
Public utilities 2
All industries 3
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s2
100
100
100
100
100
100
93
100
100
91
100
100
7
“
9
~
Number of days
6 h olid a ys------------------------------- ------------------------6 holidays plus 2 half d a y s --------------------- — ---7 holid a ys----- ----------------- --------------- -----------------7 holidays plus 1 half day----------------------------------8 holid a ys-----------------------------------------------------------9 holidays — ----------------------------------------------------9 holidays plus 2 half d a y s-------------------------------10 holidays----------------------------------------------------------
31
12
1
3
6
20
7
43
20
2
3
4
16
47
50
73
93
5
25
68
75
94
100
20
1
21
3
46
19
6
13
3
35
3
29
7
(4)
2
6
25
71
71
93
100
2
9
38
41
79
91
3
14
62
68
80
100
3
38
73
73
98
100
7
23
20
2
12
25
6
48
11
1
3
35
35
3
Total holiday time 5
10 days----------------------------------------------------------------9 days or m o r e -------------------------- ----------------------8 days or m o r e ------------------------------------ -----------7 V days or m o r e --------- ...
2
-------------------------7 days or m ore ----------------------------------- ----- — _
6 days or m o r e . ------------------------------------------------
1
2
3
4
5
and no
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0.5 percent.
All com binations of full and half days that add to the same amount are com bined; for exam ple, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 9 days includes those with 9 full days
half days, 8 full days and 2 half days, 7 full days and 4 half days, and so on. P roportions then were cumulated.
16
T a b le B -5 .
P a id v a c a t io n s 1
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provision s, Spokane, W ash., June 1970)
Plant w orkers
Office workers
Vacation policy
All industries 2
All w orkers--------------------------------------------------
Manufacturing
Public utilities3
All industries 4
Manufacturing
Public utilities3
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
94
6
100
92
8
100
87
13
100
99
1
100
99
1
100
91
9
“
“
~
“
7
7
1
11
1
-
23
-
2
21
i
1
7
-
89
11
98
2
81
19
40
60
34
66
44
2
53
-
68
5
27
-
50
-
-
50
-
81
3
82
-
91
-
3
97
-
6
94
-
_
100
-
(6)
97
3
1
99
-
_
100
-
3
97
*
6
94
-
_
100
-
(6)
97
3
1
99
-
100
-
94
6
-
95
5
-
100
79
19
3
59
41
-
16
80
3
15
83
2
14
73
13
15
85
1
Method of payment
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations--------------------------------------------------Length- of -tim e paym ent------------------------------Percentage payment— —
— — — —
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations----------------------------------------------
'
Amount of vacation pay 5
A fter 6 months of serv ice
Under 1 week____________________________________
1 week_________________________________________ —
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s----------------------------------
-
-
25
-
A fter 1 year of serv ice
1 week---------------- -------------------------------2 w eek s----------------------------------------------------------------
63
37
A fter 2 years of serv ice
1 week-----------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w eek s---------------------------------Z, WPPV P -.r...
, , ■„.
3 w eek s----------------------------------------------------------------
16
18
-
9
-
A fter 3 years of service
1 Wppk___
2 w eek s _______ _-__ ___ ___ _.
_
-- ---3 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------A fter 4 years of s ervice
,
_
_
weeks
--------------- 3 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------Z,
_
After 5 years of s ervice
2 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------3 w eeks--------------------------------------------------------------4 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
100
-
After 10 years of serv ice
2 weeks
3 w eek s____________ _
___ ..
4 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.
6
94
8
92
17
T a b le
B -5 .
P a i d v a c a t i o n s 1------ C o n t i n u e d
(P ercent distribution o f plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay p rov ision s, Spokane, W ash., June 1970)
Plant workers
Office workers
Vacation p olicy
All industries2
Manufacturing
Public u tilities3
All industries 4
Manufacturing
Public utilities3
Amount of vacation pav 5— Continued
A fter 12 years of service
2 weeks ----------------------------------------- -------- -------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s ______________________
3 weeks ________________________ _____________
4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------
_
100
-
13
_
72
14
15
_
77
8
2
_
98
-
8
70
20
2
_
69
31
3
63
34
9
37
54
2
54
44
10
37
45
8
8
56
18
18
_
7
93
-
3
27
67
3
9
12
63
16
98
-
10
15
60
14
8
13
62
18
66
34
3
17
63
17
9
12
41
38
39
59
10
15
58
15
1
8
13
59
18
3
3
17
63
17
1
9
12
36
37
5
ii
i
83
5
86
6
10
62
26
1
8
-
A fter 15 years of serv ice
2
3
4
5
weeks ______________
— _ _______ _ — _
w e e k s -------------------- — ------------ — _
_
w eek s---------- --------- — — ____
__
weeks
_ — ------ — --------_
A fter 20 years of s ervice
2
3
4
5
weeks
weeks
_____________ __ ____ ___
_
__
weeks ____ ______________________ _____ _
weeks _ _______________________ __ __
____
2
3
4
5
w eek s_________________________________________
w eek s____ _____________ _________ ___ _________
w eek s____________ _____ __ ________ _____ _____
w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------
2
3
4
5
6
weeks ------------------------- _ ______ — _
_ _
w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------weeks ______ ___ _
__
weeks -------------------------------------------------------------
2
_
A fter 25 years of serv ice
_
-
2
_
Maximum vacation available 7
_
-
59
41
2
39
59
1 Includes b asic plans only. Excludes plans such as vacation bonus, vacation-savin gs, and those plans which o ffe r "extended" o r "sa b ba tica l" benefits beyond b asic plans to w orkers
with qualifying lengths of s e rv ice . T ypical of such exclusions are plans in the steel, aluminum, and can industries.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
4 Includes data for w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 Includes payment other than "length of t im e ," such as percentage of annual earnings o r flat-sum paym ents, converted to an equivalent time b a sis; fo r exam ple, a payment of 2 percent
of annual earnings was con sid ered as 1 w eek's pay. P eriod s of se rv ice w ere chosen a rb itra rily and do not n e ce ssa rily reflect the individual p rovisions fo r
p rog ression . F o r exam ple, the
changes in proportions indicated at 10 y e a rs ' serv ice include changes in provisions occu rrin g between 5 and 10 yea rs. Estim ates are cumulative. Thus, the proportion eligible fo r 3 weeks'
pay or m ore after 10 years includes those eligible fo r 3 w eeks' pay o r m ore after few er years of se rv ice .
4 Less than 0.5 percent.
7 Estim ates o f p rovision s for 30 years of se rv ice are identical.
18
T a b le B -6 .
H e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p la n s
(P ercent of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions em ployed in establishm ents providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, Spokane, Wash., June 1970)
Plant workers
Type of benefit and
financing 1
All industries2
Manufacturing
Office workers
Public utilities 3
All industries 4
Manufacturing
Public utilities 3
All w orkers------------------------------------------------
100
100
100
100
100
100
W orkers in establishm ents providing at
least 1 of the benefits shown b elow ---------------
99
100
100
99
100
100
88
58
100
81
100
52
90
37
99
67
100
38
63
35
56
38
93
52
61
24
55
35
100
38
Life insurance ----- -------------------------- --------Noncontributory plans---------------- --------Accidental death and dism em berm ent
insurance---------------------------------------------------Noncontributory plans----------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or
sick leave or both 5-----------------------------------
80
87
60
82
99
71
Sickness and accident insurance-----------N oncontributory p lan s-----------------------Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting period)---- ---- -----------------------Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period)---------------------------------------
69
51
84
70
42
35
58
37
97
70
37
34
H ospitalization insurance----------------------------N oncontributory plans----------------------------Surgical insurance---------------------------------------Noncontributory plans----------------------------Medical in surance---------------------------------------Noncontributory plans----------------------------Major m edical insurance- --------------------- -Noncontributory plans------------------------ -- Retirem ent pension--------------------------------------Noncontributory plans-----------------------------
12
3
14
63
61
37
19
10
34
10
11
25
99
66
99
66
94
65
85
62
70
51
100
82
100
82
100
82
91
79
85
64
100
55
100
55
100
55
93
71
60
47
99
27
99
27
96
26
97
39
72
50
100
78
100
78
100
78
99
42
70
42
98
28
98
28
98
28
98
53
71
70
.
1 Estim ates listed after type of- benefit are for all plans fo r which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer. "N oncontributory plans" include only those plans financed
entirely by the em ployer. Excluded are legally required plans, such as w orkm en's com pensation, social security, and railroad retirem ent.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
4 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are lim ited to those which definitely establish
at
least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each em ployee. Inform al sick leave allowances determ ined on an individual basis are excluded.
19
T a b le B -7 .
M e t h o d o f w a g e d e t e r m in a t io n a n d f r e q u e n c y o f p a y m e n t
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by method of wage d eterm in ation1 and frequency of wage payment, Spokane, W ash., June 1970)
Plant workers
Item
All industries2
Manufacturing
Office workers
Public u tilities3
All industries 4
Manufacturing
Public u tilities3
100
100
100
100
100
100
Paid tim e rates ______________________ _______
F orm al rate p o lic y __________________________
Single ra te _______________________________
Range of r a te s ------------------------------------------P ro g re s sio n based on automatic
advancement accordin g to
length of s e r v ic e ____________________
P ro g re s sio n based on m erit
r e vie w-___1_______________ _________
P ro g re s sio n based on a
com bination of length of
serv ice and m erit review - _____ ____
No form al rate p olicy_______________________
Paid by incentive methods ------------------------ --P iece rate------------------------------------------------------—
__ __
Individual _____ ___
90
89
80
9
90
90
85
5
100
100
70
30
100
66
6
60
100
50
50
100
98
38
60
5
5
7
13
-
1
1
-
-
36
50
-
4
10
7
7
23
-
10
34
-
50
-
59
2
-
P r^ iict^ on W n n e
Individual__
- - - - - Group_____________________________________
C om m ission ---------------------------------------------------
2
3
2
2
“
_
-
88
63
4
33
-
A ll w orkers
_______
— — —
Method of wage d eterm in ation1
2
9
3
3
1
1
5
Method of determ ining incentive pay of office w orkers not presented
Frequency of wage payment
W eekly__________________________________________
Biweekly
_
------------ — —
Semi m onth 1y_______________________ ____________
Monthly ■
Other frequency
—
—
- — --------
1
2
3
4
82
5
13
-
10
2
-
24
18
56
3
36
12
51
-
F or a description of the methods of wage determ ination, see Introduction.
Includes data for w holesale trade, retail trade, rea l estate, and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Includes data for w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
38
3
59
-
A pp en d ix.
O c c u p a tio n a l D e scrip tio n s
The prim ary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate
occupations w orkers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and
from area to area.
This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content.
Because of this emphasis on
interestablishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in
individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes.
In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field econom ists are instructed
to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-tim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers.
OFFICE
CLERK, FILE
BILLER, MACHINE
P repares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or e le ctro matic typew riter. May also keep record s as to billings or shipping charges or perform other
cle rica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b ille rs , machine, are
cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s:
Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter
file s , cla ss ifie s and indexes file m aterial such as correspon den ce, rep orts, technical docu
m ents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep record s of various types in conjunction
with the file s . May lead a small group of low er level file clerk s.
B iller, machine (billing m achine). Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott
F ish er, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills
and invoices from cu stom ers' purchase ord ers, internally prepared o rd e rs, shipping m em o
randums, etc. Usually involves application of predeterm ined discounts and shipping charges,
and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing m achine,
and totals which are automatically accumulated by m achine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold
machine.
Class B. Sorts, cod es, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) head
ings or partly cla ssified m aterial by finer subheadings. P repares simple related index and
cr o s s -r e fe r e n c e aids. As requested, locates clea rly identified m aterial in file s and forw ards
m aterial.
May p erform related c le rica l tasks required to maintain and service file s.
C lass C . P erform s routine filing of m aterial that has already been cla ssified or which
is easily cla ssified in a simple serial cla ssification system (e .g ., alphabetical, ch ronological,
or num erical). As requested, locates readily available m aterial in files and forw ards m a
terial; and m ay fill out withdrawal charge. P erform s simple cle rica l and manual tasks r e
quired to maintain and service file s.
B iller, machine (bookkeeping m achine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott
F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare
cu stom ers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the sim ulta
neous entry of figures on cu stom ers' ledger record . The machine automatically accumulates
figures on a number of vertical columns and com putes, and usually prints automatically the
debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform
and standard types of sales and credit slips.
CLERK, ORDER
R eceives cu stom ers' ord ers for m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any com bination of the follow ing: Quoting p rices to cu stom ers; making out an order
sheet listing the item s to make up the ord er; checking p rices and quantities of item s on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit
department to determ ine credit rating of cu stom er, acknowledge receipt of ord ers from cu stom ers,
follow up ord ers to see that they have been filled , keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original o rd ers.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs,
National Cash R egister, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business
transactions.
Class A. Keeps a set of record s requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic
bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system
used. Determines proper record s and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each
phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other record s
by hand.
CLERK, PAYROLL
Class B. Keeps a record of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of record s usually
requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable,
payroll, cu stom ers' accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing described under b ille r,
machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory con trol, etc. May check or a ssist
in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for
keeping one or m ore sections of a com plete set of books or record s relating to one phase
of an establishm ent's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary
ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding
invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and e x p eri
ence in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and
closing journal entries; and may d irect class B accounting clerk s.
Class B. Under supervision, p erform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such
as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in
voucher reg isters; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by
general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowl
edge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the m ore routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several w orkers.
21
Computes wages of company em ployees and enters the necessary data on the payroll
sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production re co rd s; and
posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w o rk e r's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and
a ssist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
P rim ary duty is to operate a Comptom eter to p erform mathematical com putations. This
job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk , which may involve fr e
quent use of a Com ptom eter but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance of
other duties.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Class A . Operates a numerical a nd/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to
transcribe data from various source documents to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. P erform s same
tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding
skills and the making of some determ inations, for exam ple, locates on the source document
the item s to be punched; extracts information from several docum ents; and searches for and
interprets inform ation on the document to determ ine inform ation to be punched. May train
inexperienced op erators.
22
SECRETARY--- Continued
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR--- Continued
Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions,
tra n scrib es data from source documents to punched ca rd s. Operates a num erical a nd/or
alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. May verify cards.
Working from various standardized source docum ents, follow s specified sequences which have
been coded or p rescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting
of data to be punched. P roblem s arising from erroneous items or cod es, m issing inform ation,
e tc., are referred to supervisor.
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, fa ctory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 p e rs o n s ; or
e. Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e.g ., a middle
management supervisor of an organizational segment often involving as many as several
hundred persons) of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p erson s.
Class C
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
P erform s various routine duties such as running errands, operating m inor office m a
chines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other m inor cle rica l work.
SECRETARY
A ssigned as personal secreta ry, norm ally to one individual. Maintains a close and highly
responsive relationship to the d a y-to-d ay work a ctivities of the sup ervisor. Works fa irly inde
pendently receiving a minimum of detailed supervision and guidance. P erform s varied cle rica l
and secreta rial duties, usually including m ost of the follow in g: (a) R eceives telephone ca lls,
personal ca lle rs, and incoming m ail, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries
to the proper persons; (b) establishes, maintains, and rev ises the su p ervisor's file s ; (c) maintains
the su p ervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essages from super
visor to subordinates; (e) reviews corresp on den ce, m em oranda, and reports prepared by others
for the su p ervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accu racy; and (f) p erform s
stenographic and typing work.
May also perform other cle rica l and secreta rial tasks of com parable nature and difficulty.
The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization,
program s, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor.
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "s e c re ta ry " p ossess the above ch a ra cte ristics. Examples
of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follow s: (a) Positions which do not m eet
the "p erson al" secreta ry concept d escribed above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial
type duties: (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical,
or m anagerial persons; (d) secreta ry positions in which the duties are either substantially m ore
routine or substantially m ore com plex and responsible than those characterized in the definition;
and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore responsible technical, admin
istrative, supervisory, or specialized c le rica l duties which are not typical of secreta rial work.
NOTE: The term "corp ora te o ffi c e r ," used in the level definitions follow ing, refers to
those officia ls who have a significant corporate-w id e policymaking role with regard to m ajor
company a ctivities. The title "v ice p resid en t," though norm ally indicative of this ro le , does not
in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose prim ary responsibility is to act p er
sonally on individual cases or transactions (e.g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions;
administer individual trust accounts; d irectly supervise a c le rica l staff) are not considered to be
"corp orate office rs " for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
Class A
a. Secretary to the chairm an of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
all, over 100 but few er than 5,000 p e rs o n s ; or
b. Secretary to a corporate o ffice r (other than the chairm an of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 but few er than 25, 000 p e rs o n s ; or
c. Secretary to the head (im m ediately below the corporate o ffice r level) of a m ajor
segment or subsidiary of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p erson s.
Class B
a. S ecretary to the chairm an of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
all, fewer than 100 p ers on s ; or
b. S ecretary to a corporate o ffice r (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 100 but few er than 5,000 p e rs o n s ; or
c. S ecretary to the head (im m ediately below
corporate-w id e functional activity (e .g ., m arketing,
tions, etc.) or a m ajor geographic or organizational
a m ajor division) of a company that em ploys, in
em p loyees; or
the o ffice r level) over either a m ajor
resea rch , operations, industrial re la
segment (e .g ., a regional headquarters;
all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000
a. S ecreta ry to an executive or m anagerial person whose responsibility is not equivalent
to one of the s p e cific level situations in the definition fo r cla ss B, but whose subordinate staff
norm ally numbers at least several dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organizational
segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In som e com panies, this level includes
a wide range of organizational echelons; in oth ers, only one or two; ^r
b. S ecretary to the head of an individual plant, fa ctory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, few er than 5, 000 p e rso n s.
Class D
a. S ecretary to the sup ervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., fewer than
about 25 or 30 p erson s); o £
b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, p rofession a l em ployee, adm inistra
tive o ffice r, or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE; Many com panies assign
stenographers, rather than se cre ta rie s as d escribed above, to this level of supervisory or
nonsupervisory w orker.)
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from one or m ore
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May
also type from written copy. May maintain file s , keep sim ple re co rd s, or p erform other relatively
routine cle rica l tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribin gmachine work. (See transcribing-m achine o p e ra to r.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as in legal b riefs or reports on scientific resea rch fro m one or m ore persons either in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain file s , keep re c o rd s, etc.
OR
P erform s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and resp on si
bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the follow ing: Work requires high degree of
stenographic speed and a ccu ra cy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office
p rocedu res and of the specific business operations, organization, p o licie s, p roced u res, file s,
workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in perform ing stenographic duties and responsible cle rica l
tasks such as, maintaining followup file s; assem bling m aterial fo r rep orts, m emorandum s, letters,
e tc.; com posing sim ple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and
answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-m achine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
C lass A . Operates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office ca lls. P e rfo rm s full telephone inform ation se rvice or handles
com plex ca lls, such as con feren ce, co lle ct, o versea s, or sim ilar ca lls, either in addition to
doing routine work as d escribed fo r switchboard op erator, cla ss B, or as a full-tim e
assignm ent. ("F u ll" telephone inform ation se rv ice o ccu rs when the establishm ent has varied
functions that are not readily understandable fo r telephone inform ation purposes, e .g ., because
of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to
which extensions are appropriate for calls.)
Class B. Operates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or o ffice ca lls. May handle routine long distance calls'an d record tolls.
May p erform lim ited telephone inform ation serv ice . ("L im ited " telephone inform ation service
o ccu rs if the functions of the establishm ent se rv ice d are readily understandable for telephone
inform ation purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension numbers when
specific names are furnished, or if com plex calls are re fe rre d to another operator.)
23
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued
In addition to p erform ing duties of operator on a sin gle-position or m onitor-type switch
board, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine cle rica l work as part of regular
duties. This typing or cle rica l work may take the m ajor part of this w ork er's time while at
switchboard.
Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrica l accounting machines such as the
so rte r, reproducing punch, colla tor, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple
wiring from diagram s and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work
unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Class A . Operates a variety of tabulating or e lectrica l accounting m achines, typically
including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, arid others.
P erform s com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and p erform s difficult
wiring as required. The com plete reporting and tabulating assignm ents typically involve a
variety of long and com plex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type r e
quiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a m ore experienced op erator,
is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained
operators in wiring from diagram s and operating sequences of long and com plex reports.
Does not include working supervisors perform ing tabulating-machine operations and d a y-today supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators.
Class B. Operates m ore difficult tabulating or electrica l accounting machines such as the
tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reprodu cer, and collator. This work is
perform ed under s p ecific instructions and may include the perform ance of some wiring from
diagram s. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabulations involving a repetitive
accounting e x e r cise , a com plete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and m ore
com plex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the p ro
cedures are well established. May also include the training of new em ployees in the basic
operation of the machine.
P rim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from
transcribing-m achine re co rd s. May also type from written copy and do sim ple cle rica l work.
W orkers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal
briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A w orker who takes dictation in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after ca lcu la
tions have been made by another person. May include typing of sten cils, mats, or sim ilar m ate
rials for use in duplicating p ro ce s s e s. May do cle rica l work involving little special training, such
as keeping sim ple re co rd s, filing record s and rep orts, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.
Class A . P erform s one or m ore of the follow ing: Typing m aterial in final form when it
involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for co r re ct spelling,
syllabication, punctuation, e tc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language m aterial;
and planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and
balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances.
Class B . P erform s one or m ore of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts;
routine typing of fo rm s, insurance p o licie s, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations,
or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced properly.
P R O F E SSIO N AL AND TECHNICAL
COMPUTER OPERATOR
COMPUTER PROGRAMER, BUSINESS
M onitors and operates the control con sole of a digital com puter to p ro ce ss data according
to operating instructions, usually prepared by a program er. Work includes m ost of the follow ing:
Studies instructions to determ ine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required
item s (tape reels, ca rd s, etc.); switches necessary auxiliary equipment into circu it, and starts
and operates com puter; makes adjustments to com puter to co r re ct operating problem s and meet
special conditions; reviews e rr o rs made during operation and determ ines cause or refers problem
to supervisor or p rog ra m er; and maintains operating record s. May test and a ssist in correcting
program .
Converts statements of business p roblem s, typically prepared by a system s analyst, into
a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the problem s by automatic data
p rocessin g equipment. Working from charts or diagram s, the p rogram er develops the p re cise
instructions which, when entered into the com puter system in coded language, cause the manipu
lation of data to achieve d esired results. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Applies knowledge
of computer capabilities, m athem atics, logic em ployed by com puters, and particular subject matter
involved to analyze charts and diagram s of the problem to be program ed. Develops sequence
of program steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show ord er in which data w ill be p ro ce sse d ;
converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to follow ; tests and co r re cts p rogram s;
prepares instructions fo r operating personnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters
program s to increase operating e fficien cy or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains record s of
program development and revisions. (NOTE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and p r o
graming should be cla ssified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
F or wage study purposes, com puter operators are cla ssifie d as follow s:
Class A . Operates independently, or under only general d irection, a com puter running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics; New program s are frequently tested and
introduced; scheduling requirem ents are of critica l importance to m inim ize downtime; the
program s are of com plex design so that identification of e rr o r source often requires a working
knowledge of the total program , and alternate program s may not be available. May give
direction and guidance to low er level op erators.
Class B. Operates independently, or under only general d irection, a com puter running
program s with m ost of the following ch a ra cteristics: Most of the program s are established
production runs, typically run on a regularly recurring basis; there is little or no testing
of new program s required; alternate program s are provided in case original program needs
m ajor change or cannot be corrected within a reasonable tim e. In com m on e rro r situations,
diagnoses cause and takes correctiv e action. This usually involves applying previously p r o
gram ed correctiv e steps, or using standard correction techniques.
Does not include em ployees p rim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electron ic data processin g (EDP) em ployees, or program ers p rim arily concerned with
scientific a n d /or engineering problem s.
F or wage study purposes, program ers are cla ssified as follow s:
Class A . Works independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s which
require com petence in all phases of program ing concepts and p ra ctices. Working from dia
gram s and charts which identify the nature of desired results, m ajor p rocessin g steps to be
accom plished, and the relationships between various steps of the problem solving routine;
plans the full range of program ing actions needed to efficiently utilize the com puter system
in achieving desired end products.
OR
Operates under d irect supervision a computer running program s or segments of program s
with the ch aracteristics d escribed for cla ss A. May a ssist a higher level operator by inde
pendently perform ing less difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing difficult tasks following
detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations p erform ed.
Class C. Works on routine program s under close supervision. Is expected to develop
working knowledge of the com puter equipment used and ability to detect problem s involved in
running routine program s. Usually has received some form al training in com puter operation.
May a ssist higher level operator on com plex program s.
At this level, program ing is difficult because com puter equipment must be organized to
produce several interrelated but diverse products from numerous and d iverse data elements.
A wide variety and extensive number of internal p rocessin g actions must occu r. This requires
such actions as development of com m on operations which can be reused, establishm ent of
linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when p rogram requirem ents exceed
com puter storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements
to form a highly integrated program .
May provide functional direction to low er level p rogra m ers who are assigned to assist.
24
COMPUTER PROGRAMER, BUSINESS— Continued
COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued
Class B. Works independently or under only general direction on relatively simple
program s, or on simple segments of com plex program s. P rog ra m s (or segments) usually
p rocess inform ation to produce data in two or three varied sequences or form ats. Reports
and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arraying, or making m inor additions to or
deletions from input data which are readily available. While numerous record s may be
p rocessed , the data have been refined in p rio r actions so that the accu racy and sequencing
of data can be tested by using a few routine checks. Typically, the program deals with
routine record-keepin g type operations.
OR
Works on com plex program s (as d escrib ed for cla ss A) under clo se direction of a higher
level p rogram er or supervisor. May a ssist higher level program er by independently p e r
form ing less difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing m ore difficult tasks under fa irly close
direction.
May guide or instruct low er level prog ra m ers.
OR
Works on a segment of a com plex data p rocessin g schem e or system , as d escrib ed for
cla ss A. Works independently on routine assignm ents and receives instruction and guidance
on com plex assignm ents. Work is reviewed for accu racy of judgment, com pliance with in
structions, and to insure prop er alinement with the overall system .
Class C. Works under imm ediate supervision, carrying out analyses as assigned, usually
of a single activity. Assignm ents are designed to develop and expand practical experience
in the application of p roced u res and skills required fo r system s analysis work. F or example,
may a ssist a higher level system s analyst by preparing the detailed specifications required
by p rogram ers from inform ation developed by the higher level analyst.
DRAFTSMAN
Class C . Makes p ra ctica l applications of program ing p ra ctices and concepts usually
learned in form al training cou rses. Assignm ents are designed to develop com petence in the
application of standard p roced u res to routine p roblem s. R eceives clo se supervision on new
aspects of assignm ents; and work is reviewed to verify its a ccu ra cy and conform ance with
required p rocedu res.
COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS
Analyzes business problem s to form ulate proced u res for solving them by use of electron ic
data p rocessin g equipment. Develops a com plete description of all specifications needed to enable
p rogram ers to prepare required digital com puter program s. Work involves m ost of the follow ing:
Analyzes subject-m atter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and crite ria required
to achieve satisfactory results; specifies number and types of re co rd s, file s, and documents to
be used; outlines actions to be p erform ed by personnel and com puters in sufficient detail for
presentation to management and fo r program ing (typically this involves preparation of work and
data flow charts); coordinates the developm ent of test problem s and participates in trial runs of
new and revised system s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m ore effective overall
operations. (NOTE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and program ing should be c la s
sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
Does not include em ployees p rim arily responsible fo r the management or supervision of
other electronic data p rocessin g (EDP) em ployees, o r system s analysts p rim arily concerned with
scien tific or engineering problem s.
F or wage study purposes,
maintaining accounts receivable in a retail establishm ent, or maintaining inventory accounts
in a manufacturing or wholesale establishm ent.) C onfers with persons concerned to determ ine
the data p rocessin g problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on the im plications of the
data p rocessin g system s to be applied.
system s analysts are cla ssifie d as follow s:
Class A . Works independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s
involving all phases of system s analysis. P rob lem s are com plex because of d iverse sources
of input data and m ultiple-use requirem ents of output data. (F or exam ple, develops an inte
grated production scheduling, inventory con trol, cost analysis, and sales analysis re co rd in
which every item of each type is autom atically p rocesse d through the full system of record s
and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the com puter.) C onfers with persons con
cerned to determ ine the data p rocessin g problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on
the implicatipns of new or revised system s of data processin g operations. Makes r e c o m
mendations, if needed, for approval of m ajor system s installations or changes and for
obtaining equipment.
May provide functional direction to low er level system s analysts who are assigned to
assist.
Class B . Works independently or under only general direction on problem s that are
relatively uncom plicated to analyze, plan, program , and operate. P rob lem s are of lim ited
com plexity because sou rces of input data are homogeneous and the output data are clo se ly
related. (F or exam ple, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank,
Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of com plex item s having distinctive design
features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in clo se sup
port with the design originator, and may recom m end m inor design changes. Analyzes the
effect of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of co m
ponents and parts. Works with a minimum of sup ervisory assistance. Completed work is
reviewed by design originator fo r con sistency with p rio r engineering determ inations. May
either prepare drawings, or d irect their preparation by low er level draftsm en.
Class B . P e rfo rm s nonroutine and com plex drafting assignm ents that require the appli
cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used. Duties typically in
volve such work as: P rep a res working drawings of subassem blies with irregular shapes,
m ultiple functions, and p re cis e positional relationships between com ponents; prepares a rch i
tectural drawings fo r construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall
section s, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted form ulas and manuals in making n ecessary
computations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths,
s tre ss e s, etc.
R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice from supervisor.
Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.
Class C . P rep a res detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction,
manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projection s
(depicting three dim insions in accurate scale) and sectional views to cla rify positioning of
components and convey needed inform ation. Consolidates details from a number of sources
and adjusts or transposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicable
p recedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions
are less com plete when assignm ents recu r. W ork may be spot-ch ecked during p rog ress.
DRAFTSM AN-TRACER
C opies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over
drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing lim ited to plans p rim arily
consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring clo s e delineation.)
a n d /or
P rep a res sim ple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s. W ork is clo s e ly supervised
during p ro g re ss.
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing s ervice under general m edical direction to ill or
injured em ployees or other persons who becom e ill or suffer an accident on the prem ises of a
fa ctory o r other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: Giving first aid
to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports fo r com pensation or other purposes; assisting in
physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and c a r r y
ing out program s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment,
or other activities affecting the health, w elfa re, and safety of all personnel.
MAINTENANCE AND P O W E R P L A N T
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued
P erform s the carpentry duties n ecessary to construct and maintain in good repair building
woodwork and equipment such as bins, cr ib s , counters, benches, partitions, d o o rs, flo o rs , stairs,
casin gs, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning
and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, m odels, or verbal instructions using a variety
of carp en ter's handtools, portable power tools, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making
standard shop computations relating to dim ensions of w ork; and selecting m aterials n ecessary
fo r the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
25
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)— Continued
P erform s a variety of electrica l trade functions such as the installation, maintenance,
or repair of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of e le ctric energy in an
establishment. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Installing or repairing any of a variety of
e lectrica l equipment such as gen erators, tra n sform ers, switchboards, con trollers, circuit break
e rs , m otors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transm ission equipment; working from
blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the
e lectrica l system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirem ents of
wiring or electrica l equipment; and using a variety of electricia n ’ s handtools and m easuring and
testing instrum ents. In general, the work of the maintenance electricia n requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining w heels,
adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive
m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al appren
ticeship or equivalent training and experience.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and
equipment (m echanical or electrica l) to supply the establishment in which em ployed with power,
heat, refrig era tion , or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air co m p re s so rs , generators, m otors, turbines, ventilating and r e fr ig
erating equipment, steam boilers and b o ile r -fe d water pumps; making equipment repairs; and
keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consumption. May also su
pervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing m ore than one
engineer are excluded.
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
F ires stationary b oilers to furnish the establishment in which em ployed with heat, power,
or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, cr gas or oil burner;
and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing b o ilerroom equipment.
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
A ssists one or m ore w orkers in the skilled maintenance traues, by perform ing specific
or general duties of le ss e r skill, such as keeping a w orker supplied with m aterials and tools;
cleaning .working area, machine, and equipment; assisting journeym an by holding m aterials or
tools; and perform ing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the
helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is con
fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in
others he is perm itted to p erform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also p erform ed by workers on a full-tim e basis.
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or m ore types of machine to o ls, such as jig b o re rs ,
cylin drical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or m illing m achines, in the construction of
m achine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fixtures, or dies. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Plan
ning and perform ing difficult machining operations; p rocessin g items requiring com plicated setups
or a high degree of accu racy; using a variety of p recision m easuring instruments; selecting feeds,
speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to
achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions. May be required to recognize when tools need d re s s
ing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. F or c r o s s
industry wage study purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom , in tool and die jobbing shops
are excluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of m echan
ical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Interpreting
written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of m a
chinist’ s handtools and p recision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine
tools; shaping of metal parts to close toleran ces; making standard shop computations relating to
dimensions of w ork, tooling, feed s, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties
of the com m on m etals; selecting standard m aterials, parts, and equipment required for his work;
and fitting and assem bling parts into m echanical equipment. In general, the m achinist’ s work
norm ally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
R epairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent. Work involves most
of the follow ing: Examining machines and m echanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
dismantling or partly dismantling machines and perform ing repairs that m ainly involve the use
of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained
from stock; ordering the production of a replacem ent part by a machine shop or sending of the
machine to a machine shop for m ajor rep a irs; preparing written specifications for m ajor repairs
or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making
all n ecessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance m echanic r e
quires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssification are workers whose prim ary
duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or
heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the fo l
lowing: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using
a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to s tre sse s,
strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting stand
ard to o ls, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transm ission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m illw right's work
norm ally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
OILER
L ubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces
equipment of an establishment.
of m echanical
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work in
volves the follow ing: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different
applications; preparing surface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or fille r
in nail holes and in terstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix co lo rs , o ils,
white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the
work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an
establishment. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Laying out of work and m easuring to lo
cate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe
to co rre ct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; thread
ing pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or pow er-driven m achines; assem bling
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating
to p re ssu re s, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determ ine whether
finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. W orkers p rim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanita
tion or heating system s are excluded.
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge
of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or r e
pairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b er's snake. In
general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
SH EET-M ETAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
R epairs autom obiles, buses, m otortrucks, and tra ctors of an establishment. Work in
volves m ost of the follow ing: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
disassem bling equipment and perform ing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as
w renches, gages, d r ills, or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing
broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing
F ab rica tes, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fix
tures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lock ers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts,
metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the follow ing: Planning a.nd laying
out all types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m odels, ox other specifications;
setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working machines; using a variety of
26
SHEET-M ETAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE----Continued
TOOL AND DIE MAKER--- Continued
handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheetmetal a rticles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-m etal w orker requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
using a variety of tool and die m ak er's handtools and p recision measuring instruments; under
standing of the working properties of com m on metals and alloys; setting up and operating of
machine tools and related equipment; making n ecessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of metal parts during fabrication
as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close toleran ces;
fitting and assem bling of parts to p rescrib ed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate
m aterials, tools, and p ro ce s s e s. In general, the tool and die m aker's work requires a rounded
training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig m a k e ritp o l m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker)
Constructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fixtures or dies for forgin gs,
punching, and other m etal-form ing work. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning and
laying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
F or cro ss-in d u stry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
C U S T O D IA L AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
GUARD AND WATCHMAN
Guard. P erform s routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining
ord er, using arm s or fo rce where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate
and check on identity of em ployees and other persons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of prem ises p eriod ically in protecting property against fire ,
theft, and illegal entry.
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P repares m erchandise for shipment, or receiv es and is responsible for incoming ship
ments of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work in volves; A knowledge of shipping
p roced u res, p ra ctice s, routes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c
ords of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and
keeping a file of shipping re co rd s. May direct or assist in preparing the m erchandise for ship
ment. Receiving work in volves: V erifying or directing others in verifying the correctn ess of
shipments against bills of lading, in voices, or other re co rd s; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to p roper departments; and maintaining n e ce s
sary records and files.
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
F or wage study purposes, w orkers are cla ssified as follow s:
Cleans and keeps in an ord erly condition fa ctory working areas and w ashroom s, or
prem ises of an office, apartment house, or com m ercia l or other establishment. Duties involve
a combination of the follow ing; Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing flo o rs ; rem oving
chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures
or trim m ings; providing supplies and minor maintenance se rv ice s ; and cleaning lavatories, show
e rs , and restroom s. W orkers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; w a re
houseman or warehouse helper)
A worker em ployed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment
whose duties involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and
m erchandise on or from freight ca rs , trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving,
or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; and transporting m aterials or
m erchandise by handtruck, ca r, or wheelbarrow . Longshorem en, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
ORDER
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m aterials, m erchandise,
equipment, or men between various types of establishm ents such as: Manufacturing plants, freight
depots, w arehouses, wholesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishments and
custom ers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers,
make minor m echanical rep a irs, and keep truck in good working order. D riv er-salesm en and
o ve r-th e -ro a d drivers are excluded.
F or wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssifie d by size and type of equipment,
as follow s: (T ra cto r-tra ile r should be rated on the basis of tra iler capacity.)
FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer ord ers for finished goods from stored m erchandise in a cco r d
ance with specifications on sales slip s, cu stom ers' o rd e rs , or other instructions. May, inaddition
to filling orders and indicating items filled or om itted, keep record s of outgoing o rd e rs , requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to sup ervisor, and perform other related duties.
T ruckdriver (com bination of sizes listed separately)
T ru ckdriver, light (under 1 V tons)
2
T ru ckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons)
T ru ckd river, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type)
T ru ckd river, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type)
TRUCKER, POWER
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con
tainers, the specific operations perform ed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of
units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or m ore of the follow ing; Knowl
edge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size
of container; inserting enclosures in container; using ex ce lsio r or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying
data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or ele ctric-p o w e re d truck or tractor to
transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other
establishment.
F or wage study purposes, w orkers are cla ssified by type of truck, as follow s:
T ru ck er, power (forklift)
T ru cker, power (other than forklift)
A v a i l a b l e O n R e q u e s t -------
Th e tenth annual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , a t
to rn e ys, ch em ists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsm en,
t r a c e r s , j o b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s of p e r s o n n e l , b u y e r s , and c l e r i c a l
em ployees.
O r d e r as BL S B u l l e t i n 1654, N at io na l S u r v e y of P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d
m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and C l e r i c a l P a y , June 19 6 9. S e v e n t y - f i v e
ce nts a c o p y .
Area W a g e Surveys
A lis t of the latest available bulletins is p resen ted below . A d ir e c to r y of area wage studies including m ore lim ited studies conducted at the
requ est of the Wage and Hour and P u b lic C on tracts D ivision s o f the Departm ent of L abor is available on request. B ulletins m ay be pu rch ased from
the Superintendent of D ocum ents, U.S. G overnm ent P rintin g O ffice , W ashington, D .C ., 20402, or fr o m any of the BLS region al sa les o ffic e s shown on
the inside fron t c o v e r .
A rea
A kron, Ohio, July 1969 1______________ __________________
Albany—
Schenectady—T ro y , N .Y ., F eb. 1970-------- -------Albuquerque, N. M ex. , M ar. 1970 1 ________________ ,__
Allentown— ethlehem —
B
Easton, P a.— .J., May 1969-----N
Atlanta, G a ., May 1970 1 ________________________________
B a ltim ore, M d ., Aug. 1969--------------------------------------------Beaum ont— o r t A rth u n-O range, T e x ., M ay 1969 1 ------P
Binghamton, N .Y ., July 1969___, _______________________
B irm ingham , A la ., M ar. 1970---------------------------------------B oise City, Idaho, N ov. 1969___________________________
B oston, M a ss., Aug. 1969______________________________
B u ffalo, N .Y ., O ct. 1969_________________________________
Burlington, V t ., M ar. 1970_____ ___ _______ ____________
Canton, O hio, M ay 1970 1 ------------- --------- ----------------------C h arleston , W. V a ., A pr. 1970 1 -----------------------------------C harlotte, N .C ., M ar. 19 7 0 1 ____________________________
Chattanooga, T e n n .-G a ., Sept. 1969------------------------------C hicago, 111., Apr. 1969 1 --------------------------- -------------------Cincinnati, Ohio—
Ky.—
Ind., F eb. 1970---------------------------Cleveland, O hio, Sept. 1969-------------------------------------------C olum bus, O hio, O ct. 1969--------------------------------------------D allas, T e x ., O ct. 1969-------------------------------------------------Davenport— ock Island— olin e, Iowa—
R
M
111.,
O ct. 1969 1____________________________________ __________
Dayton, O hio, D ec. 1969________________ ________________
D enver, C o lo ., D ec. 19 69 1______________________________
Des M oines, Iowa, May 1970 1__________________________
D etroit, M ich ., F eb. 1970______________________________
F ort W orth, T e x ., O ct. 1969____________________________
G reen Bay, W is ., July 1969-------------------------------------------G reen v ille, S .C ., May 1970--------------------------------------------Houston, T e x ., A pr. 1970------. . . . . . . _____. . . . -------- -— ------Indianapolis, Ind., O ct. 1969-----------------------------—----------Jackson, M is s ., Jan. 1970---------------------------------------------Ja ck son v ille, F la ., D ec. 1969--------------------------------------K ansas City, M o .-K a n s., Sept. 1969---------------- ------------L aw rence— averhill, M ass.— .H ., June 1970 1 -----------H
N
Little R ock—
North Little R ock, A rk ., July 1969----------L os A ngeles—
Long B each and Anaheim—
Santa A n a G arden G rov e, C a lif., M ar. 1970_______________ _____
L ou isv ille, Ky.—
Ind., Nov. 1969 1_______________________
Lubbock, T e x ., M ar. 197 0 1 ------- -----------------------------------M an ch ester, N.H., July 1969-----------—------ -------- ----------—
M em phis, Tenn.— r k ., Nov. 1969 1-------------------------------A
M iam i, F la ., N ov. 1969-------------------------------------------------Midland and O dessa, T ex ., Jan. 19 70 1 ------------------------M ilw aukee, W is., A pr. 1969____________________________
M inneapolis—
St. P au l, M inn., Jan. 19 70 1---------------------1
Bulletin num ber
and p r ic e
1625-89,
1660-51,
1660-55,
1625-86,
1660-76,
1660-11,
1625-75,
1660-5,
1660-57,
1660-34,
1660-16,
1660-29,
1660-53,
1660-81,
1660-68,
1660-61,
1660-9,
1625-82,
1660-49,
1660-22,
1660-27,
1660-23,
35 cents
30 cents
35 cents
30 cents
50 cents
35 cents
35 cents
30 cents
30 cents
25 cents
45 cents
45 cents
25 cents
35 cents
35 cents
40 cents
30 cents
65 cents
35 cents
40 cents
30 cents
35 cents
1660-20,
1660-37,
1660-41,
1660-73,
1660-58,
1660-18,
1660-8,
1660-79,
1660-67,
1660-25,
1660-39,
1660-35,
1660-10,
1660-82,
1660-2,
35 cents
30 cents
40 cents
35 cents
35 cents
30 cents
30 cents
30 cents
35 cents
30 cents
30 cents
30 cents
35 cents
35 cents
30 cents
1660-64,
1660-28,
1660-50,
1660-3,
1660-31,
1660-32,
1660-44,
1625-66,
1660-46,
45 cents
40 cents
35 cents
30 cents
40 cents
30 cents
35 cents
35 cents
50 cents
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.
A rea
B ulletin num ber
and p r ic e
R aleigh, N .C ., Aug. 1969________________________________
R ichm ond, V a., M ar. 1970 1____________________________
R o ch e ste r, N.Y. (o ffic e occu pation s only),
1625-80,
1660-47,
1660-40,
1660-42,
1625-88.
30
50
35
30
60
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
1660-59.
1660-17,
16 6 0 -1 2 ,
1625-87,
1660-48,
1660-70,
1660-60,
16 6 0 -26 ,
1660-77,
35
35
30
35
60
35
50
35
40
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
1660-72,
M uskegon— uskegon H eights, M ich ., M ay 1969_______
M
N ew ark and J e r s e y City, N .J., Jan. 19 70 1_____________
New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1970 1 _________________________
New O rlea n s, L a ., Jan. 1970___________________________
New Y ork, N .Y ., A pr. 1969___________________________ —
N orfolk — ortsm ou th and New port News—
P
Hampton, V a ., Jan. 1970 1 ____________________________
Oklahom a City, O k la ., July 1969 1 _____________________
—
Omaha, N eb r.—
Iowa, Sept. 1969________________________
P a ter son—
Clifton— a s s a ic , N .J., M ay 1969____________
P
Ph iladelph ia, P a.— .J., Nov. 1969 1____________________
N
P h oenix, A r i z . , M ar. 1970 1____________________________
P ittsbu rgh, P a ., Jan. 1970 1 ____________________________
P ortla n d , M aine, Nov. 1969 1________________________ __
P ortla n d, O reg .—W ash., M ay 1970 1 ____________________
P ro v id e n ce —
Paw tucket— arw ick, R.I.— a ss.,
W
M
30 cents
30 cents
40 cents
1660 -6 ,
1660-65,
1660-4,
R ock ford , 111., May 1970 1 ______________________________ 1660-75,
St. L ou is, M o.—
111., M ar. 1970____________________ —____ 1660-66,
Salt Lake City, Utah, Nov. 1969 1____ _________________ 1660-30,
San Antonio, T e x ., May 1970______________________ __ ___ 1660-71,
San B ern ardin o— iversider-O ntario, C a lif.,
R
D ec. 1969_______________________________________________ 1660-43,
San D iego, C a lif., Nov. 1969 1 __________________________ 1660-36,
San F r a n c is c o —
Oakland, C a lif., O ct. 1969*___________ 1660-33,
San J o s e , C a lif., Sept. 1969 1___________________________ 1660-24,
Savannah, G a., M ay 1970 1______________________________ 1660-80,
Scranton, P a ., July 1969_________ ____ _________________ 1660-15,
Seattle— v erett, W ash., Jan. 1970_____________________ 1660-52,
E
Sioux F a lls , S. Dak., Sept. 1969------------------------------------ 1660-14,
South Bend, Ind., M ar. 1970 1___________________________ 1660-62,
Spokane, W ash., June 1970 1 ------------------------------------------ 1660-86,
S y ra cu se, N .Y ., July 1969______________________________ 1660-13,
Tam pa—
St. P e te rsb u rg , F la ., Aug. 1969 1______________ 1660-7,
T oled o, O hio— ich ., Feb. 1970_________________________ 1660-56,
M
T renton, N .J., Sept. 1969____ __ ________________________ 1 6 6 0 -2 1 ,
U tica -R o m e , N .Y ., July 1969___________________________ 1660-1,
W ashington, D .C.—
Md.—V a ., Sept. 1969 1_______________ 1660-19,
W aterbu ry, Conn., M ar. 1970 1 _________________________ 1660-54,
W aterloo, Iowa, Jan. 1970______________________________ 1660-45,
W ichita, K a n s., A pr. 1970 1 -------------------------------------------- 1660-69,
W o r c e s te r , M a ss ., May 1970 1 _________________________ 1660-78,
Y ork , P a ., Feb. 19 70 1 __________________________________ 1660-63,
Youngstown— arren, O hio, Nov. 1969 1 ________________ 1660-38,
W
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30
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35
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35
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U DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
.S.
BUREAU OF LABOR S T A TIS TIC S
W A S H IN G T O N , D .C .
20212
O F F I C I A L BUSINESS
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
FIRST CLASS MAIL
