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AREA WAGE SURVEY
T h e
S a v a n n a h ,
G e o rg ia ,
M e tro p o lita n
A re a ,
M a y
B u lle tin
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
1 9 7 0
1 6 6 0 -8 0
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
B U R E A U
O F
L A B O R
S T A T I S T I C S
R E G I O N A L
O F F I C E S
ALASKA
R egion I
R egion II
R egion III
R egion IV
1603-B Federal Building
341 Ninth Ave.
4 0 6 Penn Square Building
G overnm ent Center
New Y o rk , N .Y . 10001
1317 F ilb e rtS t.
S uite 54 0
1371 Peachtree St. NE.
B oston , Mass. 0 2 2 0 3
P hone: 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5 (Area C od e 212)
Philadelphia, Pa. 19 107
P hone: 5 9 7 -7 7 9 6 (Area C od e 215)
A tlanta, Ga. 3 0 3 0 9
P hon e: 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8 (Area C od e 40 4)
P hone: 2 2 3 -6 7 6 2 (Area C od e 61 7)
R egion V
R egion VI
R egions VII and VIII
R egions IX and X
4 5 0 G old en Gate A ve.
2 1 9 S ou th D earborn St.
33 7 M ayflow er Building
Federal O ffice Building
C hicago, III. 6 0 6 0 4
411 N orth Akard St.
911 Walnut S t., 10th F loor
B ox 3 6 017
P hone: 3 5 3 -7 2 3 0 (Area C od e 312)
Dallas, T ex . 75201
P hon e: 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (Area C od e 214)
Kansas C ity, M o. 6 4 1 0 6
P hone: 374-24 81 (Area C od e 81 6 )
San Francisco, Calif. 9 4 1 0 2
P hone: 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (Area C od e 415)
R egions VII and VIII will be serviced by Kansas C ity.
R egions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco.
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
AREA WAGE SURVEY
The Savannah, Georgia, Metropolitan Area,
May 1970
B u lle tin
1 6 6 0 -8 0
August 1 9 70
For sale by tne Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 35 cents
Preface
Contents
Page
T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s p r o g r a m o f a nn ua l
o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s i s d e
s i g n e d t o p r o v i d e da t a o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s , and e s t a b
l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It
y i e l d s d e t a i l e d da ta b y s e l e c t e d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n f o r e a c h
o f the a r e a s s t u d i e d , f o r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s , and f o r the
U n ite d S t a t e s .
A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the p r o g r a m is
the n e e d f o r g r e a t e r i n s i g h t in to ( l ) the m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s
b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l , and (2) the s t r u c
t u r e and l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s .
I n t r o d u c t i o n _______________________________________________________________________
W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _____________________________
T ables:
1.
2.
A t the en d o f e a c h s u r v e y , an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l
l e t in p r e s e n t s s u r v e y r e s u l t s f o r e a c h a r e a s t u d ie d . A f t e r
c o m p l e t i o n o f a l l o f the i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l l e t i n s f o r a r o u n d
o f s u r v e y s , tw o s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d . T h e f i r s t
b r i n g s da ta f o r e a c h o f the m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s t u d i e d in to
on e b u l l e t i n .
T h e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s i n f o r m a t i o n w h i c h h as
b e e n p r o j e c t e d f r o m i n d i v i d u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a da ta to
r e l a t e t o g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s a nd th e U n ite d S t a te s .
A.
B.
N i n e t y a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e i n c l u d e d in the p r o
g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , i n f o r m a t i o n on o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s
is c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly and on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and
s u p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s bienn ially.
T h i s b u l l e t i n p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f the s u r v e y in
Sa va n n a h , G a . , in M a y 1970.
The Standard M etro p o lita n
S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , as d e f i n e d b y the B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t
th r o u g h J a n u a r y 1968, c o n s i s t s o f C h a t h a m C o u n t y .
Th is
s t u d y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y the B u r e a u ' s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in
A t la n t a , G a . , u n d e r the g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f D o n a l d M.
C ru s e , A ssista n t R egion a l D ir e c t o r fo r O pera tion s.
1
5
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and
n u m b e r s t u d i e d _________________________________________________________
I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k l y s a l a r i e s and s t r a i g h t - t i m e
h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , and
p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s ___________________________
O ccu pa tiona l ea rn in gs:
A - l . O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and w o m e n __________________________
A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n _______________
A - 3 . O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —
m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d ____________________________________
A - 4 . M a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s ____________________
A - 5 . C u s t o d i a l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ____________
6
7
8
9
10
11
E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s :
B - l . M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w o m e n o ffic e
B -2.
B -3.
B -4.
B -5.
B -6.
B -7.
A p p e n d ix .
Sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s ________________________________________________
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ________________________________________
P a i d h o l i d a y s _____________________________________________________
P a i d v a c a t i o n s ___________________________________________________
H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s _______________________
M e t h o d o f w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n and f r e q u e n c y o f
p a y m e n t -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13
14
15
16
18
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ------------------------------------------------------------
21
areas.
NOTE:
S im ila r tabu lation s a re a v a ila b le
(See in sid e b a c k c o v e r .)
U n io n s c a l e s ,
the S a v a n n a h a r e a ,
buildin g trad es.
iii
4
fo r oth er
i n d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in
a re a lso a v a ilable fo r se v e n s e le c te d
19
Area Wage Survey
The Savannah, Ga., Metropolitan Area
Introduction
T h i s a r e a is 1 o f 90 in w h i c h the U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s
B u re a u of L a b o r S ta tistics conducts s u rv e y s of occu pa tion a l earnings
a nd r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s o n an a r e a w i d e b a s i s . 1 In th is a r e a , da ta w e r e
o b t a i n e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s to r e p r e s e n t
a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s :
Manu
f a c t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ;
w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and
serv ices.
M a jo r in d u stry gro u p s ex clu d e d f r o m th ese stu dies are
g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and the c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r th an a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e
o m i t t e d b e c a u s e t h e y te n d t o f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in the
o c c u p a t i. o n s s t u d i e d t o w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n .
S ep arate tabulations a re
p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f the b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l i
cation c r it e r ia .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s da t a a r e s h o w n f o r
fu ll-ti m e w o r k e r s , i .e ., th ose h ire d to w o rk a re g u la r w e e k ly schedule
in th e g i v e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
E a r n i n g s da ta e x c l u d e p r e
m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
la te s h i f t s .
N o n p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a l l o w a n c e s and i n c e n t i v e e a r n i n g s a r e i n c l u d e d . W h e r e w e e k l y h o u r s
a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the
s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k ( r o u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r) f o r w h i c h e m
p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th eir reg u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s (e x c lu siv e of pay
f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n
in gs f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t i o n s h av e b e e n r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r .
The a v e ra g e s p resen ted r e fle ct c o m p o s ite , a reaw ide e s t i
m ates.
I n d u s t r i e s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b
s t a f fin g and, t h u s , c o n t r i b u t e d i f f e r e n t l y to th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b .
T h e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p o b t a i n a b l e f r o m the a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l to r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y the w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a i n t a i n e d a m o n g j o b s in
i n d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v
e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in a ny o f the s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u ld
not b e a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f the s e x e s
w it h in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
O ther p o s s i b l e f a c t o r s w h ich m a y
c o n t r i b u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n and w o m e n i n c l u d e :
D iffer
e n c e s in p r o g r e s s i o n w it h in e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s , s i n c e o n l y the
a c t u a l r a t e s p a id i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; and d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c
d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d , a lth o u g h the w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y
w it h in the s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n .
J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in
c l a s s i f y i n g e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l l y m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d
th an t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and a l l o w f o r m i n o r
d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the s p e c i f i c d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p l e b a s i s b e c a u s e o f
the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y i n g a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
To
o b t a in o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f
l a r g e th an o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s t u d ie d . In c o m b i n i n g the da ta ,
h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e g i v e n t h e i r a p p r o p r i a t e w e i g h t .
E s
t i m a t e s b a s e d o n the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e ,
as r e l a t i n g t o a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the i n d u s t r y g r o u p i n g and a r e a ,
e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e l o w th e m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d ie d .
O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n i n g s
T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y
o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f the
follow in g types:
(1) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ;
(3) m a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t ; and (4) c u s t o d i a l and m a t e r i a l m o v e
m en t.
O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d o n a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b
d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d t o ta ke a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n
in d u t ie s w it h in the s a m e j o b .
T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r stu dy
a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d i x . T h e e a r n i n g s da ta f o l l o w i n g
the j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a ll i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d . E a r n i n g s da ta f o r s o m e
o f the o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s
w it h in o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e not p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e
e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h
da ta t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e
o f in d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t da ta .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in
a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in the s c o p e o f the s tu d y and not th e n u m b e r
a ctu ally s u rv e y e d .
B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , th e e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b
t a i n e d f r o m th e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d s e r v e o n l y to i n d i c a t e
the r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s s t u d ie d .
T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in
o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o not a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f the
e a r n i n g s data.
E stablish m en t P r a c t ic e s
and S u p p l e m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s
I n f o r m a t i o n is p r e s e n t e d (in the B - s e r i e s
t a b l e s ) on s e l e c t e d
1
Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State
e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s as t h e y
Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (office occu
r e l a t e to p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , and
pations only); Syracuse; and Utica—Rome. In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies
p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s , and c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k e r s w h o a r e u t i l i z e d
in 78 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions of the U. S. De
as a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c l u d e d .
" P l a n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e
partment of Labor.
1
2
w o r k i n g f o r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s
(inclu din g le a d m e n and t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s .
"O ffice w o rk e rs"
in c lu d e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s a nd n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g
c l e r i c a l or related fun ction s.
C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s and r o u t e m e n a r e
e x c l u d e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , but i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g
in du strie s .
M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s (ta b le
B - l ) r e l a t e o n l y to the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . B e c a u s e o f the o p t i m u m
s a m p l i n g t e c h n i q u e s u s e d , and the p r o b a b i l i t y that l a r g e e s t a b l i s h
m en ts a re m o r e lik e ly to have f o r m a l en tra n ce ra te s fo r w o r k e r s
a b o v e the s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l th an s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the t a b le is
m o r e - r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s in m e d i u m and l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
Sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l data ( t a b le B - 2 ) a r e l i m i t e d to plant w o r k e r s
in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .
T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n is p r e s e n t e d b o th in
t e r m s o f (1) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f t o t a l plant
w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t , and (2) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s
o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y e m p l o y e d o n the s p e c i f i e d s h ift at th e t i m e o f the
survey.
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , the a m o u n t
a p p ly in g to a m a j o r i t y w a s u s e d o r , if no a m o u n t a p p l i e d to a m a j o r i t y ,
the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n " o t h e r " w a s u s e d . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in w h i c h s o m e
l a t e - s h i f t h o u r s a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d i f f e r e n t i a l w a s r e c o r d e d
o n l y if it a p p l i e d to a m a j o r i t y o f the s h ift h o u r s .
T h e s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ( t a b le B - 3 ) o f a m a j o r i t y o f the
f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e t a b u l a t e d as a p p l y i n g to
a l l o f the pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f th at e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
Sch edu led
w e e k l y h o u r s a r e t h o s e w h i c h f u l l - t i m e e m p l o y e e s w e r e e x p e c t e d to
w o r k , w h e t h e r t h e y w e r e p a id f o r at s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e r a t e s .
P a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n
p la n s ;
and f r e q u e n c y o f w a g e p a y m e n t ( t a b l e s B - 4 t h r o u g h B - 7 )
a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s i s that t h e s e a r e a p p l i c a b l e to a ll
pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s if a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r
m a y e v e n t u a l l y q u a l i f y f o r th e p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d .
S u m s o f i n d iv id u a l
i t e m s in t a b l e s B - Z t h r o u g h B - 7 m a y not e q u a l t o t a l s b e c a u s e o f
rounding.
D a ta on p a i d h o l i d a y s ( ta b le B - 4 ) a r e l i m i t e d to data on h o l i
d a y s g r a n t e d a n n u a lly on a f o r m a l b a s i s ; i . e . , (1) a r e p r o v i d e d f o r
in w r i t t e n f o r m , o r (2) h a v e b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m .
H olidays
o r d i n a r i l y g r a n t e d a r e i n c l u d e d e v e n th o u gh t h e y m a y f a l l o n a n o n
w o r k d a y and th e w o r k e r is not g r a n t e d a n o t h e r d a y o f f .
The fir s t
p a r t o f the p a i d h o l i d a y s t a b l e p r e s e n t s th e n u m b e r o f w h o l e and h alf
h o l i d a y s a c t u a l l y g r a n t e d . T h e s e c o n d p a r t c o m b i n e s w h o l e and h a lf
h o lid a y s to show total h o lid a y t i m e .
T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s ( ta b le B - 5 ) is l i m i t e d t o a
statistical m e a s u re of va cation p r o v is io n s .
It is not in te n d e d as a
m e a s u r e o f the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y r e c e i v i n g s p e c i f i c b e n e
f i t s . P r o v i s i o n s o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t f o r a ll l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e w e r e
t a b u l a t e d a s a p p l y i n g t o a ll pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f the e s t a b l i s h
m e n t, r e g a r d l e s s of length of s e r v i c e .
P r o v i s i o n s f o r p a y m e n t on
o t h e r than a t i m e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d t o a t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e ,
a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as the e q u i v
a le n t o f 1 w e e k ' s p a y . E s t i m a t e s e x c l u d e v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s p la n s and
th ose w hich o ffe r "e x te n d e d " or "s a b b a tic a l" benefits beyond b a sic
p la n s t o w o r k e r s w ith q u a l i f y i n g l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e .
T y p ic a l of such
e x c l u s i o n s a r e p la n s in th e s t e e l , a l u m i n u m , and ca n i n d u s t r i e s .
D a ta o n h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s ( t a b le B - 6 ) i n
c l u d e t h o s e p la n s f o r w h i c h the e m p l o y e r p a y s at l e a s t a p a r t o f the
c o s t . S u ch p la n s i n c l u d e t h o s e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e
c o m p a n y and t h o s e p r o v i d e d t h r o u g h a u n io n fund o r p a i d d i r e c t l y b y
the e m p l o y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t i n g fu n d s o r f r o m a fund s e t a s i d e
f o r th is p u r p o s e .
A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d to h a v e a p la n
if th e m a j o r i t y o f e m p l o y e e s w a s e l i g i b l e t o b e c o v e r e d u n d e r the
p l a n , e v e n if l e s s th a n a m a j o r i t y e l e c t e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e b e c a u s e e m
p l o y e e s w e r e r e q u i r e d t o c o n t r i b u t e t o w a r d the c o s t o f the p la n .
Le
g a l l y r e q u i r e d p l a n s , s u c h as w o r k m e n ' s c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e
c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t w e r e e x c l u d e d .
S i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e is l i m i t e d t o that ty p e o f
in su ra n c e under w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d ca sh paym ents a re m ade d ir e c tly
to the i n s u r e d d u r i n g i l l n e s s o r a c c i d e n t d i s a b i l i t y .
I n f o r m a t i o n is
p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s u c h p la n s t o w h i c h the e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t e s .
H ow
e v e r , in N e w Y o r k and N e w J e r s e y , w h i c h h a v e e n a c t e d t e m p o r a r y
d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e l a w s w h i c h r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 3 p la n s
a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y if th e e m p l o y e r (1) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e than is l e g a l l y
r e q u i r e d , o r (2) p r o v i d e s the e m p l o y e e w ith b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d the
r e q u i r e m e n t s o f the la w .
T a b u l a t i o n s o f p a id s i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e
l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p la n s 4 w h i c h p r o v i d e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f the
w o r k e r 's pay during a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e of i lln e s s .
Separate
t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g t o (1) p l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y
and no w a i t i n g p e r i o d , and (2) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e e i t h e r p a r t i a l pa y
o r a w a i t i n g p e r i o d . In a d d i t i o n to th e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f the p r o p o r t i o n s
o f w o r k e r s w h o a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r p a id
s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p l i c a t e d t o t a l is s h o w n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e
eith er o r both ty p e s o f b e n e fit s .
2
An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following con
The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer
ditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering
contributions.
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1) had operated late
An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating
minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee.
Such a plan need not be
late shifts.
written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.
3
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e i n c l u d e s t h o s e p la n s w h i c h a r e d e
s i g n e d to p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s and i n j u r y i n v o l v i n g
e x p e n s e s b e y o n d the c o v e r a g e o f b a s i c h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , and
s u r g ic a l plan s.
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v i d i n g f o r c o m
p le t e o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s .
S u ch p la n s m a y b e u n d e r
w ritte n by c o m m e r c i a l in su r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s
o r t h e y m a y b e p a id f o r b y the e m p l o y e r out o f a fund s e t a s i d e f o r
th is p u r p o s e .
T a b u l a t i o n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to
t h o s e p la n s that p r o v i d e r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s f o r the r e m a i n d e r o f the
w ork er' s life .
M e t h o d o f w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n ( t a b le B - 7 ) r e l a t e s to b a s i c
t y p e s o f r a t e s t r u c t u r e f o r w o r k e r s p a i d u n d e r v a r i o u s t i m e and i n
c e n t i v e s y s t e m s . U n d e r a s i n g l e r a t e s t r u c t u r e th e s a m e r a t e is p a i d
to a ll e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s in the s a m e j o b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . A n i n d i v i d
ual w o r k e r o c c a s i o n a l l y m a y be pa id a b o v e o r b e l o w th e s i n g l e r a te
f o r s p e c i a l r e a s o n s , but s u c h p a y m e n t s a r e e x c e p t i o n s . A r a n g e - o f r a t e s p l a n s p e c i f i e s th e m i n i m u m a n d / o r m a x i m u m r a t e p a i d e x p e r i
e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r the s a m e j o b . I n f o r m a t i o n a l s o is p r o v i d e d o n the
m e t h o d o f p r o g r e s s i o n t h r o u g h the r a n g e . In the a b s e n c e o f a f o r m a l
r a t e s t r u c t u r e , the q u a l i f i c a t i o n s o f the i n d i v i d u a l w o r k e r d e t e r m i n e
the p a y r a t e . I n f o r m a t i o n on t y p e s o f i n c e n t i v e p la n s is p r o v i d e d o n l y
f o r p la n t w o r k e r s b e c a u s e o f the l o w i n c i d e n c e o f s u c h p l a n s f o r o f f i c e
w orkers.
U n d e r a p i e c e w o r k s y s t e m , a p r e d e t e r m i n e d r a t e is p a id
f o r e a c h unit o f o utp ut. P r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e b a s e d o n p r o d u c t i o n
o v e r a q u o t a o r c o m p l e t i o n o f a j o b in l e s s than s t a n d a r d t i m e .
Com
p e n sa tio n on a c o m m i s s i o n b a s is r e p r e s e n t s p a y m en ts b a s e d on a
p e r c e n t a g e o f v a lu e o f s a l e s , o r on a c o m b i n a t i o n o f a s t a t e d s a l a r y
p lu s a p e r c e n t a g e .
table
D a ta
B -7.
on
frequen cy
of
wage
paym ent
a lso
are
p rovid ed
in
4
T a b le 1. E s t a b li s h m e n t s a n d W o r k e r s W it h in S c o p e o f S u r v e y a n d N u m b e r S t u d ie d in S a v a n n a h , G a . , 1 b y M a j o r I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n , 2 M a y 1970
N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s
In d u s try d iv is io n
M in im u m
e m p lo y m e n t
in e s t a b l i s h
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f stu d y
A l l d i v i s i o n s --------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g --------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and
o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 5------ --------------------------------W h o l e s a le t r a d e ----------------------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e -------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e -------------So r v i c e s 8--- -------------------- ---------------------------------------
50
50
50
50
50
50
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s
W it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y
W it h in s c o p e
o f stu d y 3
S tu d ie d
S tu d ie d
T o t a l4
P la n t
N um ber
P ercen t
O ffic e
T o ta l4
131
59
2 6 , 373
100
19. 872
3, 0 38
19, 4 45
48
83
25
34
15, 080
11, 293
57
43
11,
8,
818
0 54
1, 2 98
1, 740
12, 796
6, 6 49
12
2,
160
11
8
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39
5
13
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5
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5,
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108
171
021
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987
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(6 )
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(6 )
349
(6 )
(6 )
(6 )
(6 )
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396
2,
1 T h e S a v a n n a h S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t t h r o u g h J a n u a r y 1 9 6 8 , c o n s i s t s o f C h a th a m C o u n t y . T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s t u d y "
e s t i m a t e s sh o w n in t h is t a b le p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y .
T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e
a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w ith o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s f o r the a r e a t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( l ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a t a c o m o i l e d
c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , and (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1967 e d i t io n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n .
3 I n c lu d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m in i m u m li m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h in d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , fi n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
a n d m o t io n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 e s t a b l is h m e n t .
4 I n c lu d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e p la n t and o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s .
5 T a x i c a b s and s e r v i c e s in c i d e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d . Savannah* s t r a n s i t s y s t e m is m a n i c i p a l l y o p e r a t e d a n d i s e x c l u d e d b y d e f in i t io n f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s t u d y .
6 T h is in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " and " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , and f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n
o f d a t a f o r t h is d i v i s i o n i s n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n s :
( l) E m p lo y m e n t in th e d i v i s i o n i s t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a t a t o m e r i t s e p a r a t e s t u d y , (2 ) th e s a m p l e w a s
n o t d e s ig n e d i n it ia l ly to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , (3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e t o p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , a n d (4 ) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l
e s t a b l is h m e n t d a ta .
7 W o r k e r s f r o m t h is e n t ir e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " and " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , b u t f r o m th e r e a l e s t a t e p o r t i o n o n ly in
e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s .
S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f d a t a f o r t h is d i v i s i o n is n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e r e a s o n s g iv e n in fo o t n o t e 6 a b o v e .
8 H o t e ls and m o t e l s ; l a u n d r i e s a n d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r , r e n t a l, and p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ( e x c l u d i n g
r e l i g i o u s and c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; a n d e n g in e e r in g and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .
A l m o s t t h r e e - f i f t h s o f th e w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in th e S a v a n n a h a r e a
w e r e e m p l o y e d in m a n u fa c t u r i n g f i r m s .
T h e f o l lo w i n g p r e s e n t s th e m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s
and s p e c i f i c in d u s t r i e s a s a p e r c e n t o f a l l m a n u fa c t u r i n g :
In d u stry g ro u p s
P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ______ 35
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u ip m e n t --------- 21
F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s _____ 13
L u m b e r a n d w o o d p r o d u c t s ----------- 10
C h e m ic a ls and a llie d
p r o d u c t s __________________________ 9
S p e c i f i c in d u s t r i e s
P a p e r m i l l s , e x c e p t b u ild in g
p a p e r ______________________________ 30
M i l l w o r k , p l y w o o d and
r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s -------------------------- 8
A i r c r a f t a n d p a r t s ______________ — 7
I n d u s t r ia l c h e m i c a l s _____________ 7
M o t o r v e h i c l e s and
S h ip a n d b o a t b u il d i n g and
r e p a i r i n g -------- —---------------------------
7
T h is i n f o r m a t i o n is b a s e d o n e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e
m a te r ia ls c o m p ile d p r i o r to a ctu a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y
d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t i o n s b a s e d o n th e r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y a s s h o w n in t a b le 1 a b o v e .
W ag e
Trends
for
P r e s e n t e d in t a b le Z a r e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e
in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ,
and in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s .
The in d e x e s
a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f
w a g e s d u r i n g the b a s e p e r i o d . S u b t r a c t i n g 100 f r o m the i n d e x y i e l d s
the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m the b a s e p e r i o d to the date o f the
i n d e x . T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e r e l a t e to w a g e c h a n g e s
b e t w e e n the i n d i c a t e d d a t e s . T h e s e e s t i m a t e s a r e m e a s u r e s <^f c h a n g e
in a v e r a g e s f o r th e a r e a ; t h e y a r e n ot i n t e n d e d to m e a s u r e a v e r a g e
p a y c h a n g e s in the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the a r e a .
O ccupatio nal
Groups
F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s a n d i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , the w a g e
t r e n d s r e l a t e to r e g u l a r w e e k l y s a l a r i e s f o r the n o r m a l w o r k w e e k ,
e x clu s iv e of earn ings fo r o v e r t im e .
F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th e y
m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , e x c l u d i n g
p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a nd f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
la te s h i f t s .
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s a r e b a s e d o n data f o r s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u
p a t i o n s a nd i n c l u d e m o s t o f the n u m e r i c a l l y i m p o r t a n t j o b s w it h in
each group.
'
L i m i t a t i o n s o f Data
M ethod o f C om putin g
E a c h o f the s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u p a t i o n s w it h in an o c c u p a t i o n a l
g r o u p was a s sig n e d a con sta n t w eigh t b a s e d on its p r o p o r t io n a te e m
p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p . T h e a v e r a g e ( m e a n ) e a r n i n g s f o r
e a c h o c c u p a t i o n w e r e m u l t i p l i e d b y th e o c c u p a t i o n a l w e i g h t , and the
p r o d u c t s f o r all o c c u p a t i o n s in th e g r o u p w e r e t o t a l e d . T h e a g g r e g a t e s
f o r Z c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s w e r e r e l a t e d b y d i v i d i n g th e a g g r e g a t e f o r
the l a t e r y e a r b y the a g g r e g a t e f o r th e e a r l i e r y e a r .
The resultant
r e l a t i v e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t , s h o w s the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e . T h e i n d e x
i s the p r o d u c t o f m u l t i p l y i n g th e b a s e y e a r r e l a t i v e (100) b y the r e l a t i v e
f o r the n e x t s u c c e e d i n g y e a r and c o n t i n u i n g to m u l t i p l y ( c o m p o u n d )
e a c h y e a r ' s r e l a t i v e b y th e p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s i n d e x . A v e r a g e e a r n i n g s
f o r the f o l l o w i n g o c c u p a t i o n s w e r e u s e d in c o m p u t i n g the w a g e t r e n d s :
Office clerical (men and women): Office clerical (men and women)— Skilled maintenance (men):
Bookkee ping- machine
Continued
Carpenters
operators, class B
Secretaries
Electricians
Clerks, accounting, classes
Stenographers, general
Machinists
A and B
Stenographers, senior
Mechanics
Clerks, file, classes
Switchboard operators, classes
Mechanics (automotive)
A, B, and C
A and B
Painters
Clerks, order
Tabulating-machine operators,
Pipefitters
Clerks, payroll
class B
Tool and die makers
Comptometer operators
Typists, classes A and B
Keypunch operators, classes
Unskilled plant (men):
A and B
Industrial nurses (men and women):
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Office boys and girls
Nurses, industrial (registered)
Laborers, material handling
The in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n g e , as m e a s u r e s of
c h a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e i n f l u e n c e d b y :
(1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and
w a g e c h a n g e s , ( Z) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s in pa y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i
v i d u a l w o r k e r s w h i l e in the s a m e j o b , and (3) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
w a g e s du e to c h a n g e s in the l a b o r f o r c e r e s u l t i n g f r o m l a b o r t u r n
o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and c h a n g e s in the p r o p o r
t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t pa y l e v e l s .
C h a n g e s in th e l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the
o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s w ith o u t a c t u a l w a g e c h a n g e s .
It is c o n c e i v a b l e
th at e v e n t h o u g h a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in a n a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s ,
a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y have d e c lin e d b e c a u s e lo w e r - p a y i n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e n t e r e d the a r e a o r e x p a n d e d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s .
S im ilarly, wages
m a y h av e r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y c o n s t a n t , y e t th e a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a
m a y have r is e n c o n s i d e r a b l y b e c a u s e h ig h e r - p a y in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e n t e r e d the a r e a .
T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p l o y m e n t w e i g h t s e l i m i n a t e s the e f f e c t
o f c h a n g e s in the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h j o b i n
c l u d e d in the da ta .
The p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch a n ge r e f le c t on ly ch a n ges
in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s .
T h e y a r e not i n f l u e n c e d b y
c h a n g e s in s t a n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u l e s , a s s u c h , o r b y p r e m i u m pay
for overtim e.
W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , data w e r e a d j u s t e d to r e m o v e f r o m
the i n d e x e s a n d p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d
b y c h a n g e s in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
6
T a b l e 2. I n d e x e s o f S ta n da rd W e e k ly S a l a r i e s and S t r a i g h t - T i m e H o u r l y E a r n i n g s f o r S e l e c t e d O c c u p a t i o n a l
G r o u p s in Sa va nnah, G a . , M a y 1970 and M a y 1969, and P e r c e n t s o f C h an ge 1 f o r S e l e c t e d P e r i o d s
O ffice
clerical
( m e n and
women)
P eriod
I n d u s t r ia l
nurses
( m e n and
women)
S k ille d
m ain ten ance
trades
(men)
U n s k il le d
p la n t
w orkers
(men)
I n d e x e s ( M a y 1967 = 100)
M a y 1970
M a y 1969 __
- -
- — --------------- _ _ _______ - __ _ - _ -
_
------- -- —
— -
117. 7
112. 0
(2 )
(2 )
117. 3
110. 7
112. 6
112. 8
I n d e x e s ( M a y 1961 = 100)
M a y 1970 -M a y 1967 -- - -
- - - - - -
-
_ ---------- ____________
________ -----------------
139. 6
118. 6
(2 )
(2 )
143. 7
122. 5
136. 9
121. 6
P e r c e n t s o f change 1
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
June
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
1970 __ _
_ _
__ — __ __ _
1969
__ __ —
1968--____
_ ----------1967- _ _ _ _
_ __ _
-------------------------------- ---------------1966
1965 __
_________
— _
1964
1963—
_ _ ------- - _ _ __ _ _ _
June I960 to M a y 1961-
_ __ __
_—
------
__
5.
5.
6.
2.
.
4.
2.
2.
4.
2.
0
0
7
9
5
2
7
3
7
0
n
(2 )
(2 )
(2 )
n
(2 )
(2 )
(2 )
(2 )
(2 )
6. 0
7. 4
3. 1
3. 6
3.6
3. 4
3. 0
1 .4
5. 8
2. 8
1 A ll ch anges a re in c r e a s e s u n less o th e rw ise in dicated.
2 D a ta d o not m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n c r i t e r i a .
3 T h i s d e c l i n e l a r g e l y r e f l e c t s s h ift s in e m p l o y m e n t b e t w e e n h i g h - and l o w - w a g e
r a t h e r than w a g e d e c r e a s e s .
3—0.
4.
7.
4.
2.
3.
3.
1.
5.
3—2.
2
7
7
9
2
1
2
3
3
3
establish m en ts
NOTE:
P r e v i o u s l y p u b l i s h e d i n d e x e s f o r the Savannah a r e a u s e d M a y 1961 as the b a s e
p eriod.
T h e y ca n b e c o n v e r t e d to the n e w b a s e p e r i o d b y d i v i d i n g t h e m b y the c o r r e s p o n d i n g
in d e x n u m b e r s f o r M a y 1967 on the M a y 1961 b a s e p e r i o d as s h o w n in the t a b l e .
(The result
s h o u ld b e m u l t i p l i e d b y 1 0 0 .)
7
A.
Occupational Earnings
Table A-l.
Office Occupations—Men and Women
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w ee k ly h ou rs and ea rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on
a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , Savannah, .G a ., M ay 1970)
Weekly earnings 1
S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f
Average
weekly
(standard)
65
M em 2
Median 2
and
und er
70
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING -------------------------
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
1 * 0 .5 0 )
1 * 1 .5 0
$
1*0.00
1*1.00
BILLERS, MACHINE (SIL LIN G
MACHINE) ----------------------------------
9 1 .5 0 -1 0 2 .5 0
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS O -------------------------------------------CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ----MANUFACTURING -----------------------------
7 2 .5 0 -
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
122.00 120.00
1 2 6 .0 0
1 2 5 .0 0
101.00 102.00
9 8 . 5 0 102.00
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS 8
MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING —
CLERKS,
1 2 7 .5 0 -1 5 * .0 0
1 2 8 .0 0 -1 5 6 .0 0
1 0 * .5 0
1 0 5 .0 0
PAYROLL ------------------------------
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ---MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
1 1 0 .5 0 1 1 3 .0 0 8 9 .5 0 9 6 .5 0 8 5 .5 0 -
9 5 .0 0
1 3 9 .0 0
1 * 0 .0 0
1 1 5 .0 0
1 0 * .5 0
1 2 7 .5 0
8 7 .5 0 -
1 1 7 .5 0
1 0 3 . 00 10*.00
1 0 2 .5 0 1 0 5 .0 0
9 5 .0 0 9 5 .5 0 -
1 1 2 .5 0
1 1 1 .0 0
7 9 .0 0 -
CLASS B ----
3 7 .5
8 * . 50
86.00
SECRETARIES3--------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4-----------------
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
1 1 7 .0 0
1 1 2 .5 0
1 2 * .5 0
1 1 5 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS B --------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
122.00
1 1 9 .5 0
1 1 2 .5 0
1 0 9 .0 0 -
1 3 9 .5 0
1 0 5 .0 0 -
1 3 0 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS C --------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
12*.00
1 2 8 .0 0
1 1 7 .0 0
1 2 6 .0 0
1 3 2 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 -
1 * 5 .5 0
1 5 1 .0 0
1 3 9 .0 0
SECRETARIES, CLASS 0 --------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
9 8 .5 0
9 3 .0 0
9 0 .0 0
8 9 .5 0
8 2 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 -
1 1 2 .5 0
1 0 * .5 0
3^.5 10*.00
3 9 . 5 101.00
1 1 5 .5 0
1 0 9 .0 0
1 3 6 .5 0
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS,
ste n o g r a ph er s,
GENERAL
MANUFACTURING -----------NGNMANUFACTURING -------------------
111.00
1 2 7 .5 0
*0.0 1*8.00 1*1.00
1 1 5 .0 0
111.00
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f table,
0
0
0
0
-
3 9 .5
1 1 2 .5 0
9 9 .0 0
9 7 .5 0
1 1 6 .5 0
9 2 .5 0 9 2 .5 0 9 2 .5 0 -
*2.0
*2.0
8 0 .5 0
8 0 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
7 0 .0 0
6 7 .5 0 6 7 .5 0 -
STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR -------------SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------
9 6 .5
9 1 .5
9 9 .5
1 3 7 .5
8 7 .5 0 -
9 1 .0 0
1 3 8 .5 0
1 3 3 .5 0
1 * 2 .0 0
1 5 1 .0 0
1 2 1 .0 0
8 8 .5 0
8 8 .5 0
70
75
80
85
_
_
_
_
75
80
85
90
90
_
95
1 00
1 05
110
_
95
_
_
_
1 00
1 05
110
1 15
1 15
_
1 20
120
_
125
1 25
_
1 30
_
1 30
135
_
l3 5
1 60
_
1*0
1 *5
_
1* 5
150
_
15 Q
155
_
15 5
1 60
_
160
165
and
1 65 o v e r
8
Table A-l.
Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , Savannah, G a. , M ay 1970)
Weekly earnings
(standard)
S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—
$
Average
weekly
65
75
80
85
90
95
100
1 05
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
75
80
85
90
95
100
1 05
1 10
115
120
125
130
135
1 40
145
150
155
Middle range2
(standard)
~
under
70
I
70
*
155
i
160
~
~
160
165
I
165
and
over
CONTINUED
$
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR—REC fcPTI0N ISTSMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
9 1 .0 0
9 9 .0 0
8 0 .5 0
8 8 .5 0
1 0 1 .5 0
8 5 .5 0
TYPISTS, CLASS B -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
8 1 .0 0
9 0 .5 0
7 8 .0 0
9 1 .0 0
7 7 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0
8 7 .5 0 1 0 9 .0 0
7 2 . 0 0 - 8 8 .5 0
7 3 .0 0 - 8 7 .5 0
8 5 .5 0 - 9 9 .0 0
1 Standard h o u r s r e f le c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ) , and the ea rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d
to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s ,
2 T he m ea n is co m p u te d f o r e a c h j o b b y to ta lin g the e a rn in g s o f a ll w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s .
T h e m e d ia n d e s ig n a t e s p o s it io n — h a lf o f the e m p lo y e e s su r v e y e d r e c e iv e m o r e
than the r a te show n; h a lf r e c e iv e le s s than the ra te show n.
T h e m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y Z r a t e s o f pa y ; a fo u r th o f the w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s than the lo w e r o f t h e se r a t e s and a fo u r th e a r n m o r e than the
h ig h e r ra te .
3 M ay in clu d e w o r k e r s o th e r than th o se p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly .
4 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
Table A-2.
Professional and Technical Occupations—Men
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , Savannah, G a ., M ay 1970)
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
Number
of
workers
16
15
$
Average
weekly
(standard)
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
s
1 15
Mean2
Median2
$
$
1 4 4 .0 0 1 4 6 .0 0
1 4 3 . 0 0 1 4 5 .0 0
Middle range2
s
120
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f—
t
$
s
$
s
$
$
1 25
130
135
140
1 45
150
1 55
$
160
1 65
165
170
and
u n d er
120
125
1
1
1
1
$
$
1 3 9 .0 0 -1 5 4 .5 0
1 3 8 .5 0 -1 5 2 .5 0
1 S tandard h o u r s r e f le c t the w o rk w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r
r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ) , and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e se w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , se e fo o tn o te 2, ta ble A - l .
1 30
—
—
s t r a ig h t -t im e
135
—
—
140
3
3
145
3
3
150
3
3
s a la r ie s ( e x c l u s i v e o f
155
2
2
160
1
1
pay f o r
1
—
1
1
o v e r t im e at
9
Table A -3.
Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Savannah, Ga., May 1970)
Average
Occupation and industry division
Number
of
Weekly
Weekly
hours 1 earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS
Average
Occupation and industry division
O FF IC E
$
B I L L E R S , MACHINE ( B I L L I N G
M A C H I N E ) ---------------------------------------------
21
3 9 .5
9 7 .5 0
B O O K K EEP IN G-M ACH INE OPERATORS.
C L A S S B -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
15
3 8 .5
8 4 .0 0
C L E R K S , A C C O U N T I N G , C L A S S A -------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------------
50
37
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
1 3 1.00
1 3 3.5 0
C L E R K S , A C C O U N T I N G , C L A S S B -------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------
72
46
26
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
1 0 1.50
CLERKS,
O R D E R --------------------------------------------------------------
51
4 0 .0
1 0 4.0 0
C L E R K S , P A Y R O L L -------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------------
26
16
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
1 0 3.5 0
1 0 6.50
K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S A -------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------------
31
25
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
1 0 3.00
1 0 2.5 0
1 0 5.00
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
33
19
3 8 .0
3 6 .5
$
8 5 .5 0
8 4 .5 0
G I R L S -----------------------------------------
19
3 9 .0
8 5 .0 0
S E C R E T A R I E S 2-------------------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 3--------------------------------------
13 7
49
19
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
4 0 .0
1 1 7.00
1 1 2.50
1 2 5.00
1 4 8.0 0
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S B ----------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------------
24
15
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
1 2 2.00
115.00
S E C R E T A R IE S , CLASS C
M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------
59
36
23
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .0
1 2 4.5 0
1 2 8.0 0
1 1 8.50
S E C R E T A R IE S , CLASS 0
M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------
43
32
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
9 8 . 50
9 3 .0 0
S T E N O G R A P H E R S , GENER AL
M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------
86
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
1 0 4.00
1 0 0.5 0
1 1 2.50
BOYS
AND
Average
O c c u p a t i o n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n
O FF IC E
C ONTINUED
K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S B -------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------------------------O F F IC E
100.00
OCCUPATIONS
Number
of
88
63
23
OCCUPATIONS
-
Number
of
Weekly
hours l
(standard)
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
CONTINUED
--------------------------------------
57
3 7 .5
$
1 0 2.0 0
S W I T C H 8 0 A R Q O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S 8 ----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------
21
21
4 2 .0
4 2 .0
8 0 .5 0
8 0 .5 0
SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T I O N I S T S M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------
34
19
15
3 9 .5
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
9 1 .0 0
9 9 .0 0
8 0 .5 0
T Y P I S T S , C L A S S B ----------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------
58
20
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
8 1 .0 0
9 0 .5 0
STENOGRAPHERS,
SENIOR
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS
C --------------------
16
3 7 .0
1 0 4.0 0
D R A F T S M E N , C L A S S B ----------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------------
16
15
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 4 4.0 0
1 4 3.00
CO MP UTE R
OPERATORS,
CLASS
1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium rates), and the earnings
correspond to these weekly hours.
2 May include workers other than those presented separately.
3 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.
10
Table A-4.
Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Savannah, G a., May 1970)
Hourly earnings 1
Occupation and industry division
Number
of
woikers
Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2
Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of—
s
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
:
S
%
$
i
$
$
i
$
s
t
1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 1.70 2. 80 >.90 3.00 3. 10 .20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40
and
under
1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70
M A I N T E N A N C E ------------------------------
31
$
3-90
$
4.13
$
$
4 .0 3 - 4.17
E L E C T R I C I A N S , M A I N T E N A N C E -----------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------
141
137
4.01
3.99
4.12
4.12
3 .7 7 - 4 .19
3 .7 6 - 4 .19
_
F I R E M E N , S T A T I O N A R Y B O I L E R --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------
72
67
3-00
3.00
3.10
3.09
1 .9 7 - 3 .69
1 .9 6 - 3.72
H E L P E R S , M A I N T E N A N C E T R A D E S -----------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------
86
33
3.17
3.18
3.26
3.27
3 .1 1 - 3.38
3 .1 2 - 3.39
M EC HAN IC S, AUTOM OTIVE
I
M A I N T E N A N C E ) --------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------
39
25
3.49
3.48
3.53
3.54
2 .8 9 - 4 .1 4
2 .6 9 - 4 .14
M E C H A N I C S , M A I N T E N A N C E --------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------- -----------------------------------
264
260
3.86
3.85
4.05
4 .04
3 .5 8 - 4.15
3 .5 7 - 4 .1 4
O I L E R S ------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------
57
67
3.27
3.27
3.47
3.47
3 .0 5 - 3.55
3 .0 5 - 3.55
CARPENTERS,
~
_
-
“
_
“
“
_
12
12
9
9
“
-
-
-
5
5
”
_
_
_
-
-
_
_
“
“
_
_
“
_
"
_
2
2
_
2
2
2
“
2
~
i
“
24
“
-
1
1
i
i
_
-
_
“
1
1
~
2
2
4
4
~
18
18
12
12
4
4
66
66
28
28
4
-
_
4
4
-
1
~
11
9
2
_
-
_
_
-
12
12
9
9
8
8
4
4
_
-
_
-
-
_
9
6
1
1
6
6
13
13
16
16
18
18
18
18
_
“
~
“
_
“
-
_
7
7
3
2
2
2
_
i
8
8
2
1
3
~
5
5
_
“
4
4
3
3
30
30
_
-
25
25
24
24
18
18
133
133
12
12
5
i
1
1
_
_
_
1
1
11
11
25
25
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
-
_
~
~
~
_
2
_
_
_
-
~
1
1
1.30 3 .40 3.50 3 .60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 over
2
~
-
“
~
~
-
and
•80 2. 90 J.00 3 .1 0 3.20
_
_
“
3
“
3
3
i
i
1
1
_
4
4
10
10
i
_
_
-
_
7
5
M A I N T E N A N C E ------------------------------------
47
3.94
4.12
3 .5 9 - 4.16
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
4
-
4
-
-
35
-
-
P I P E F I T T E R S , M A I N T E N A N C E ----------------- ---------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------- r---------------------------------
110
110
4- 12
4. 12
4.13
4. 13
4 .0 7 - 4.18
4 .0 7 - 4.18
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
_
_
3
3
_
12
12
81
81
14
14
_
PAIN TERS,
Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
For definition of terms, see footnote 2, table A -l.
11
Table
A -5 .
Custodial
and
Material
M ovem ent
Occupations
(A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Savannah, Ga., May 1970)
Hourly
O ccupation1 and industry division
Number
of
workers
Number of worker's receiving straight-tim e hourly earnings of—
earnings 2
$
i
U nder1*60 1 .7 0
Mean3 Median 3 Middle range 3 $
and
1. 60 under
1 .7 0 1 .8 0
G U A R D S A N D W A T C H M E N ---------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------GUARDS:
M AN UFACTURIN G
-----------------------------------------
WATCHMEN:
M AN UFACTURIN G
$
$
$
67
59
2 -5 7
2 .6 2
2 .4 8
2 .4 9
1 .8 9 - 3 .2 5
2 .1 1 - 3 .3 1
27
3 .0 0
3 .0 9
2 .3 7 - 3 .4 9
---------------------------------------------------------
32
2 .3 0
2 .2 3
1 .8 3 - 2 .5 9
398
117
1 .8 9
2 .1 9
1 .6 9
2 .0 4
1 .6 4 - 2 .0 5
1 .8 4 - 2 .5 1
J A N I T O R S , P O R T E R S , AND C L E A N E R S
( W O M E N ) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------------
61
26
2 .0 0
2 .5 1
1 .7 0
2 .7 5
1 .6 5 - 2 .7 3
1 .9 8 - 2 .8 2
A*
1*
-
12
-
1 .7 6 - 2 .7 9
1 .8 1 - 2 .8 1
c l e r k s --------------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------
27
21
2 .5 3
2 .3 2
2 .2 3
2 .1 5
2 .0 8 - 3 .0 5
2 .0 6 - 2 .5 5
-
------------------------------------------------------------
17
3 .2 7
3 .2 9
2 .5 0 - 3 .9 6
-
CLERKS
T R U C K D R I V E R S 5 -----------------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------TR U CK D R IV ER S,
LIG H T
294
113
181
2 .3 1
2 .7 0
2 .0 7
2 -19
2 .6 9
1 .8 7
$
$
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
.3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0
1 .90 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 -4 0 3 .5 0 3*60 over
*
~
1
1
8
7
2
2
5
3
3
4
4
3
3
1
1
3
4
4
-
5
2
2
2
2
2
7
7
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
-
2
2
1
2
2
2
4
2
4
-
-
26
4
3
_
7
~
1
2
2
_
4
3
1
38
34
7
6
16
5
5
1
1
9
~
9
16
16
6
4
7
7
~
31
18
31
2
7
6
i
i
1
~
~
-
-
2
2
10
10
7
7
26
26
4
4
64
64
-
2
2
2
-
2
2
-
~
143
54
^
1 .8 2 - 2 .7 5
2 .6 1 - 3 .0 4
1 .7 7 - 2 .1 9
7
7
6
-
2
2
2
2
43
43
14
14
1
12
_
-
-
61
2
59
40
1
5
-
-
_
_
-
-
~
-
~
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
3
2
1
46
“
9
~
*
40
_
-
7
1
6
28
26
-
”
6
1
-
-
-
8
8
13
9
9
-
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
“
4
-
-
-
-
6
5
1
8
8
-
7
1
6
39
8
31
_
-
-
1
-
33
33
10
10
-
*
27
1
26
-
-
4
1
-
1
_
3
_
1
46
43
3
“
3
28
25
-
3
-
1
( UNDER
1 .8 3
11
a6
?
2
72
T R U C K D R I V E R S , MEDIUM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TO
A N D I N C L U D I N G 4 T O N S ) ------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------------
111
39
72
2 .3 4
2 .8 0
2 .0 9
2 .1 6
3 .0 2
1 .8 9
1 .7 8 - 3 .0 2
2 .6 5 - 3 .0 6
1 .7 6 - 2 .1 8
T R U C K D R IV E R S , HEAVV (O V E R 4 T O N S ,
T R A I L E R T Y P E ) --------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------------
46
33
2 .5 0
2 .6 2
2 .3 9
2 .6 9
2 .3 3 - 2 .8 9
T R U C K E R S , P O W E R ( F O R K L I F T ) --------------------- --M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------
281
274
2 .7 2
2 .7 1
2 -8 4
2 .8 3
2 .4 1 - 3 .1 4
2 .2 9 - 3 .1 4
2 .2 2 -
2 .8 6
33
4
33
~
_
-
~
_
-
4
-
12
12
1 Data lim ited to men w orkers except where otherw ise indicated.
2 E xcludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
3 F or definition of term s, see footnote 2, table A - l.
4
W orkers were distributed as follow s: 4 at $3.90 to $4; and 2 at $4.30 to $4.40.
5 Includes all "drivers, as defined, regard less of size and type of truck operated.
$
17
13
14
4
2O .1111
S H IP P IN G
$
1
^
receiving
t
$
218
4
1•
54
n -y
$
1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0
~
1 .8 8
2 .0 4
r 1L L l K j
380
248
1.
8
6
2
2 .1 6
2 .2 4
L A B O R E R S , M A T E R I A L H A N D L I N G --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------------
$
$
J A N I T O R S , P O R T E R S , A N D C L E A N E R S --------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------------------------------------------
J
$
$
-
48
48
1
29
1
8
21
-
1
-
-
1
5
5
8
8
3
4
1
6
3
4
1
6
1
1
10
2
2
-
3
-
4
3
4
1
1
1
3
~
2
“
4
1
2
2
-
9
9
-
6
51
51
16
16
10
10
1
6
-
3
-
7
7
-
6
107
-
107
8
8
1
*
1
3
-
-
-
-
_
-
12
B.
Establishment
Table
B-l.
Practices
Minimum
and
Entrance
Supplem entary
Salaries
for
W age
W omen
Provisions
O ffice
W orkers
( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s an d in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s
o f i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , S a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1970)
O t h e r in exp t r i e n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2
In e x p e rie n ce d typists
M anufacturing
M inim um w eekly s tr aigh t-tim e sa la ry 1
TTnrW $
Manufacturing
All
in dustries
B a sed on standard weekly hours 3 of—
All
in dustries
All
schedules
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ________________________________
N onmanufacturing
All
schedules
40
40
$ 77. 50 a nd u n d e r $ 80. 0 0 _______________________________
Al l
schedules
40
v e e k l y h o u r s 3 of--
All
schedule s
40
59
25
XXX
34
XXX
59
25
XXX
34
11
7
5
4
3
22
9
7
13
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
SO
$07. 50 a nrt under $70. 00
Non manufactu rin g
B a s e d on st a n d a r d
1
1
3
1
2
2
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
1
2
i
1
i
4
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
2
3
1
3
3
15
9
22
7
2
3
3
13
7
35
11
3
6
1
XXX
1
1
3
2
1
1
15
XXX
1
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h d i d not e m p l o y w o r k e r s
XXX
1 T h e s e s a l a r i e s r e l a t e to f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d m i n i m u m s t a r t i n g ( h i r i n g ) r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e
2 E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h a s m e s s e n g e r o r o f f i c e g i r l .
3 D ata a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d
XXX
24
salaries
that a r e
workw eek
paid fo r
reported.
standard w o rk w e e k s.
Table
B-2.
Shift
D ifferen tials
( L a t e - s h i f t p a y p r o v i s i o n s f o r m a n u f a c t u r i n g pl a n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e and a m o u n t o f p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ,
S a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1970)
( A l l pl a nt w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r in g = 100 p e r c e n t )
P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g pl a nt w o r k e r s —
L ate-shift pay provision
In establishm ents having p rovisions 1
for late shifts
Second shift
Total-------------- ----------------------------------------------No pay d ifferential for work on late sh ift--------Pay d ifferential for work on late shift ------------
91.9
Actually working on late shifts
Third or other
shift
Second shift
Third or other
shift
76.8
2 2 .4
12.8
8.7
3.0
1. 4
0.1
83.2
73.8
21.0
12.6
69.6
67.8
18.7
12.6
Type and amount of differential:
Uniform cents (per h ou r)-----------------------4 cents --------- — —----------------- ------- --------5 c e n ts ----------------------- -------------------6 c e n ts ------------------— ------- ------------- ---7 cents ----------------- ---------------------------8 cents ________________
____ ________
9 c e n ts ________________________ — ------10 cen ts-------------- - — - -----------11 cen ts----- ----------- — ------ -------- ----12 cen ts--------- -------- ------------- -— 1 3 V3 c e n t s ------------------------ -----------------
14 cen ts_________________ ______________
15 cen ts-------- ---------------— ----------— —
16 cen ts-------- ---------- ----- --------------Uniform percen ta g e- _ _ -------- -------- —
7 p ercen t-- ---- -- — - ---- - — - —
10 percent-------- -------- ------- ------- -------------
1.3
43.6
5.6
3.9
10 .9
-
-
-
.3
12.0
.9
.9
3.3
5.2
1.3
5.8
3.8
34 .5
-
.3
.7
.2
9. 4
-
2.4
-
-
-
-
2.5
5.9
-
1.1
2.0
2.6
2.4
1.9
.9
-
13.6
5.9
2.3
5.9
5.9
1.3
-
2. 0
-
.3
7.6
1
I n c l u d e s a ll pl a nt w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g ,
e v e n t ho ug h the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e not c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g l a t e s h i f t s .
.2
.3
.3
.2
-
1.1
or
having fo r m a l
prov ision s
covering
late
shifts,
1 4
Table
B-3.
Scheduled
W eekly
Hours
(P ercent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours 1 o f firs t-s h ift w ork ers, Savannah, Ga. , May 1970)
Plant workers
Office workers
Weekly hours
All industries 2
All w orkers________________________________
100
1
1
2
86
1
3
2
(*)
2
2
1
2
3
4
5
Manufacturing
100
Public u tilities3
All industries4
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s3
100
100
100
100
14
8
8
4
10
29
69
(5)
82
1
1
3
2
92
1
4
(5)
99
1
Scheduled hours are the weekly hours which a m ajority of the fu ll-tim e workers were expected to work, whether they w ere paid for at straigh t-tim e or overtim e rates.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Includes data for w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0. 5 percent.
71
15
Table B-4.
Paid Holidays
(P ercen t distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Savannah, Ga. , May 1970)
Office workers
Plant workers
Item
All industries 1
A ll w ork ers____________________________
—
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid h olid a ys___________________________ _____
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid h olid a ys_______________________________
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s2
All industries3
Manufacturing
Public utilitie s 2
100
100
100
100
100
100
87
97
93
98
99
100
13
3
7
2
1
-
2
3
1
21
4
(4)
8
42
4
2
-
-
-
-
2
2
18
2
14
52
6
3
-
(4)
30
18
1
4
40
3
1
(4)
10
4
5
68
Number of days
2 h olid a ys-----------------------------------------------------------3 h olid a ys __ __________________________________
4 h olid a ys_______________________________________
5 h olid a ys_______________________________________
6 h olid a ys______ ___________________ __________
6 holidays plus 2 half d a y s ----------------- ------------7 h olid a ys______________________________ _______
8 h olid a ys_______________________________________
9 h olid a ys____________________ — _____________
10 holidays__________________________________ __
4
79
10
8
1
10
18
70
-
3
Total holiday time 5
10 days----------------------------------------------------------------days or m o r e -------------------------------- ---- -------days or m o r e ----------------------------------- ------------days or m o r e _______________________ ________
days or m o r e _________________________________
days or m o r e _________________________________
4 days or m o r e ---------------------------------------- -------3 days or m o r e _________________________________
2 days or m o r e __________________________ _____
9
8
7
6
5
1
2
3
4
5
no half
2
3
-
6
8
60
10
89
89
93
93
93
93
93
48
56
61
82
83
74
75
93
95
86
97
87
97
1
5
44
49
3
11
79
84
-
70
89
68
97
97
88
99
98
98
98
98
99
99
100
100
100
100
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0. 5 percent.
All com binations of full and half days that add to the same amount are com bined; for exam ple, the proportion of w orkers receiving a total of 9 days includes those with 9 full days and
d a y s, 8 full days and 2 half d a y s , 7 full days and 4 half d a y s , and so on.
Proportions then were cumulated.
16
Table B-5.
Paid Vacations1
(P ercent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provision s, Savannah, Ga., May 1970)
Plant workers
O ffice workers
Vacation p olicy
All in d u stries2
Manufacturing
Public u tilities3
All industries4
Manufacturing
Public utilities3
100
100
100
100
100
100
95
92
3
-
96
90
6
-
94
94
-
99
99
-
99
99
_
100
100
_
5
4
6
(5)
1
-
8
12
(5)
11
8
-
_
41
-
5
44
(5)
8
17
-
.
57
-
1 week---------- —
- - - - Over 1 and under 2 w eek s______________________
2 w eek s ---------------------------------------------------------------
75
1
18
77
18
67
27
28
72
9
90
72
28
After 2 years of service
1 wee Tc - - ---__ ._
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s---------------------------------2 w eek s_— -------- - --------- --------- ----
51
2
43
66
30
40
54
6
2
92
2
97
1
99
16
2
77
1
19
77
-
_
94
2
1
96
-
2
97
-
1
_
99
-
10
2
83
1
9
-
1
94
-
2
1
96
-
2
87
-
97
99
-
2
2
84
1
6
90
94
-
2
38
1
51
2
31
61
4
A ll w orkers— Method of payment
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations
Length -of-tim e paym ent__
_
_ ____
Percentage payment_________________________
____
____ __ ____ — —
O th er__________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations____ — — ___
Amount of vacation pay ^
A fter 6 months of s ervice
Under 1 week____________________________________
1 week____ _
O ver 1 and under 2 w eek sAfter 1 year of service
After 3 years of s ervice
1 week-----------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w eek s______________________
— —
2 w eek s---------------------------- -------- -----Over 2 and under 3 w eek s---------------------------------A fter 4 years of s ervice
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ------------------- _ _____
2 w e e k s __________________________________ _____
Over 2 and under 3 weeks ____________________
-
A fter 5 years of s ervice
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s-------------------- ------- _
2 weeks — ——— — — ——— —— — — —— — —— —
Over 2 and under 3 w eek s______________________
A fter 10 years of serv ice
.................._............ „
1
2 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks — _ _
—
3 weeks — — — — — — — — — —
— — — —
4 w eek s— —
- - —
— —
See footnotes at end of table.
-
6
4
90
”
1
1
89
-
1
84
99
8
16
1
21
75
2
15
81
3
1
10
89
17
Table B-5.
Paid Vacations'— Continued
(P ercent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provision s, Savannah, Ga., May 1970)
Plant workers
Office workers
Vacation p olicy
All industries 2
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s3
i
21
71
6
.
15
72
12
1
10
89
-
1
13
56
30
_
6
25
68
1
99
-
4
79
10
1
11
31
51
5
_
6
15
66
12
1
11
89
-
_
-
1
11
-
-
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s3
2
38
1
50
4
.
31
59
6
_
4
90
-
2
25
1
36
30
_
17
30
49
_
84
10
2
24
1
14
50
4
17
14
60
4
2
24
1
12
27
28
17
11
27
41
2
24
1
12
27
10
18
17
11
27
10
31
All industries4
Amount of vacation pay 6— Continued
A fter 12 years of service
1 w e e k - _______
___ ____
2 w eek s----- ---- — __ — — __
Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________
------ — — ----------- — — — _
3 w eek s-4 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------A fter 15 years of s ervice
1 week----------------------- _ ------ ----------------- — —
2 w eek s _________ ___________________________
_ .
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s . -__
3 w eek s ______________________ ___________ ______
4 weeks _ — -------------------— --------- ----After 20 years of service
1 week-----------------------------------------------------------------2 w eek s----- --------------- — — ___ _______ ___
Over 2 and unde r 3 w eek s---------------------------------3 w eek s_____________
___ _ „ _____
__
4 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------5 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------
_
_
A fter 25 years of s ervice
1 week-----------------------------------------------------------------2 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________________
__
3 w eek s_______ __ — ___________
—
__
_____ ___
____
__ — ___
4 w eek s_______
5 w e e k s ------------------------ — ---_ _ _ —
_
_
6
1
-
-
-
1
56
37
11
49
27
14
23
55
1
70
29
_
1
56
37
1
11
11
49
9
18
_
6
14
23
13
42
1
1
70
29
Maximum vacation available 7
1 week— — ------- -------- ------- -------------- _
2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s____________ ____ ___
3 w eek s------- ------- --------- — ------------ - — —
4 w eek s______ _________________ ___
______
5 w eek s__________________________________ ______
6 weeks - ----------------------------------------- ------
_
1 Includes b asic plans only. Excludes plans such as vacation bonus, va ca tion -sa vin gs, and those plans which offer "extended" or "sabbatical" benefits beyond b asic plans to w orkers
with qualifying lengths of s ervice. Typical of such exclusions are plans in the steel, aluminum, and can industries.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
4 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and se rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 Less than 0.5 percent.
6 Includes payment other than "length of tim e ," such as
percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, converted to an equivalent tim e b asis; for exam ple, a
payment of 2 percent
of annual earnings was con sidered as 1 w eek's pay. P eriod s
of s ervice w ere chosen arbitrarily and do not n e ce ssa rily reflect the individual provisions for p rogression .
F or exam ple, the
changes in proportions indicated at 10 yea rs' s ervice include
changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. Estim ates are cumulative.
Thus, the proportion eligible for 3 w eeks'
pay or m ore after 10 years includes those eligible for 3 w eeks' pay or m ore after fewer years of se rv ice .
7 Estim ates of provisions for 30 years of service are identical.
18
Table B-6.
Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
(Percent of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions em ployed in establishm ents providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, Savannah, Ga., May 1970)
Plant workers
Type of benefit and
financing 1
All w orkers________________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing at
least 1 of the benefits shown b e lo w -----------------
Office workers
All industries2
Manufacturing
Public u tilities3
All industries4
100
100
100
100
100
100
Manufacturing
Public u tilities3
97
98
100
99
100
100
Life insurance----------------------------------------------Noncontributory plans— ---------------- --------Accidental death and dism em berm ent
insurance----------------------------------------------------Noncontributory plans-----------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or
sick leave or both 5------------------------------- ------
95
59
98
66
100
77
98
61
100
76
100
71
52
24
45
21
86
50
53
21
38
18
81
42
73
88
60
77
96
99
Sickness and accident insurance-------------Noncontributory plans------------------------Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting period)---------------------------------------Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period)----------------------------------------
64
48
87
71
33
23
32
21
43
30
29
18
15
9
13
54
68
60
6
2
41
4
-
39
Hospitalization insurance— ------------------------Noncontributory plans-----------------------------Surgical insurance----------------------------------------Noncontributory plans-----------------------------Medical in su ra n ce---------------------------------------Noncontributory plans-----------------------------Major m edical insurance ----------------------------Noncontributory plans-----------------------------Retirem ent pension---------------------------------------Noncontributory plans------------------------------
95
39
95
39
82
35
78
31
67
59
98
37
98
37
84
37
80
29
83
75
100
50
100
50
100
50
100
77
54
54
99
31
99
31
95
29
93
28
85
74
100
35
100
35
95
35
93
28
94
81
100
42
100
42
100
42
100
71
57
57
1 Estim ates listed after type of benefit are for all plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer. "N oncontributory plans" include only those plans financed
entirely by the em ployer. Excluded are legally required plans, such as w orkm en's com pensation, social security, and railroad retirem ent.
2 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
3 Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
4 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e rv ice s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
5 Unduplicated total of w orkers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are lim ited to those which definitely establish at least
the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each em ployee. Inform al sick leave allowances determ ined on an individual basis are excluded.
19
Toble B-7.
Method of Wage Determination and Frequency of Payment
(P ercen t distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by method of wage determ ination 1 and frequency of wage payment, Savannah, Ga. , May 1970)
Plant w orkers
Office workers
Item
A ll w ork ers_______________
_____________
All industries 2
Manufacturing
Public u tilitie s3
All industries4
Manufacturing
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
71
56
15
100
94
83
11
100
89
51
39
100
69
6
63
100
76
100
99
4
-
39
2
4
-
8
28
2
8
6
11
Public u tilitie s’
Method of wage determ ination 1
Paid time rates_________________________________
Form al rate p o lic y __________________________
Single r a te ------------------------------------------------Range of ra t e s -----------------------------------------P rog ression based on automatic
advancement according to
length of s e r v ic e __ ________________
P rog ression based on m erit
review ------------- ----------------- --------- _
P rog ression based on a
com bination of length of
s e rv ice and m erit review ___________
No form al rate p olicy _______ ___ — _
__
Paid by incentive m ethods_____________ _______
P iece rate___________________________________
Individual--------------------------------------------------Group_____________________________________
Production bonus____________________________
Individual___________________________ ___
G roup--------------------------------------------------------Com m is s io n _________________________________
1
-
85
6
97
3
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
"
-
-
52
76
47
5
-
47
49
64
-
9
31
12
24
-
-
-
-
1
Method of determining incentive pay of office w orkers not presented
Frequency of wage payment
W eek ly-------------------------------------------- ------- -------Biweekly— _____________________________________
Semim onthly. _________________________ _______
M onthly_______________________________ ________
Other freq u en cy___________________ ___________
8
(5)
-
34
13
50
4
46
7
34
13
66
18
42
10
__________________________
1
2
3
4
5
For a description of the methods of wage determ ination, see Introduction.
Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Less than 0. 5 percent.
30
7
11
16
Appendix.
Occupational Descriptions
The prim ary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in clas sifying into appropriate
occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and
from area to area.
This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content.
Because of this emphasis on
interestablishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in
individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes.
In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field econom ists are instructed
to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-tim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers.
OFFICE
CLERK, FILE
BILLER, MACHINE
P repares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or e le ctro matic typew riter. May also keep record s as to billings or shipping charges or perform other
cle rica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b ille rs , m achine, are
cla ssified by type of m achine, as follow s:
Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter
file s, cla ssifie s and indexes file m aterial such as correspon den ce, rep orts, technical d ocu
m ents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep record s of various types in conjunction
with the file s. May lead a small group of lower level file clerk s.
B iller, machine (billing m achine). Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott
F ish er, Burroughs, etcTi which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills
and invoices from cu stom ers' purchase ord ers, internally prepared o rd ers, shipping m em o
randums, etc. Usually involves application of predeterm ined discounts and shipping charges,
and entry of n ecessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine,
and totals which are automatically accumulated by m achine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold
m achine.
C lass B. Sorts, cod es, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) head
ings or partly cla ssified m aterial by finer subheadings. P repares simple related index and
cr o s s -r e fe r e n c e aids. As requested, locates clea rly identified m aterial in files and forw ards
m aterial.
May p erform related cle rica l tasks required to maintain and service file s.
C lass C . P erform s routine filing of m aterial that has already been cla ssified or which
is ea sily cla ssified in a simple serial cla ssification system (e .g ., alphabetical, ch ronological,
or num erical). As requested, locates readily available m aterial in files and forw ards m a
terial; and may fill out withdrawal charge. P erform s simple cle rica l and manual tasks r e
quired to maintain and service file s.
B iller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott
F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare
cu stom ers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the sim ulta
neous entry of figures on cu stom ers' ledger record . The machine automatically accumulates
figures on a number of vertical columns and com putes, and usually prints autom atically the
debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform
and standard types of sales and credit slips.
CLERK,
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs,
National Cash R egister, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business
transactions.
Class A. Keeps a set of record s requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic
bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system
used. Determ ines proper record s and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each
phase of the work. May prepare consolidated rep orts, balance sheets, and other record s
by hand.
CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company em ployees and enters the n ecessary data on the payroll
sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production re co rd s; and
posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w o rk e r's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and
assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine.
Class B. Keeps a record of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of record s usually
requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable,
payroll, cu stom ers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under b ille r,
m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory con trol, etc. May check or a ssist
in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
P rim ary duty is to operate a Comptom eter to perform mathematical computations. This
job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve f r e
quent use of a Comptom eter but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance of
other duties.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for
keeping one or m ore sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase
of an establishm ent's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary
ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding
invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and e xp eri
ence in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and
closing journal entries; and may d irect class B accounting clerk s.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Class B. Under supervision, perform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such
as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in
voucher reg isters; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by
general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowl
edge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in o ffices in which the m ore routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several w orkers.
ORDER
R eceives cu stom ers' ord ers for m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any com bination of the follow in g: Quoting p rices to cu stom ers; making out an order
sheet listing the items to make up the ord er; checking p rices and quantities of items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit
department to determ ine credit rating of cu stom er, acknowledge receipt of ord ers from cu stom ers,
follow up ord ers to see that they have been filled , keep file of ord ers received, and check shipping
invoices with original o rd ers.
21
Class A . Operates a numerical a n d /or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to
transcribe data from various source documents to keypunch tabulating cards. P erform s same
tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding
skills and the making of some determ inations, for exam ple, locates on the source document
the items to be punched; extracts inform ation from several documents; and searches fo r and
interprets inform ation on the document to determ ine inform ation to be punched. May train
inexperienced op erators.
22
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR--- Continued
Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions,
transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a num erical and/or
alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. May verify cards.
Working from various standardized source docum ents, follow s specified sequences which have
been coded or p rescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting
of data to be punched. Problem s arising from erroneous items or cod es, m issing inform ation,
e tc., are referred to supervisor.
SECRETARY— Continued
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 p e rso n s; or
e. S ecretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e.g ., a middle
management supervisor of an organizational segment often involving as many as several
hundred persons) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p e rso n s.
Class C
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Perform s various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office m a
chines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor cle rica l work.
SECRETARY
Assigned as personal secreta ry, norm ally to one individual. Maintains a close and highly
responsive relationship to the d a y-to-d ay work activities of the supervisor. Works fa irly inde
pendently receiving a minimum of detailed supervision and guidance. P erform s varied cle rica l
and secreta rial duties, usually including m ost of the follow in g: (a) R eceives telephone ca lls,
personal ca llers, and incoming m ail, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries
to the proper persons; (b) establishes, maintains, and revises the su p ervisor's file s; (c) maintains
the su p ervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essages from super
visor to subordinates; (e) reviews corresp on den ce, memoranda, and reports prepared by others
for the su p ervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accu racy; and (f) perform s
stenographic and typing work.
May also p erform other cle rica l and secreta rial tasks of com parable nature and difficulty.
The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization,
program s, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor.
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "s e c re ta ry " p ossess the above ch a ra cteristics. Examples
of positions which are excluded f ’-om the definition are as follow s: (a) Positions which do not meet
the "p erson al" secretary concept d escribed above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial
type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical,
or managerial persons; (d) secreta ry positions in which the duties are either substantially m ore
routine or substantially m ore com plex and responsible than those characterized in the definition;
and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore responsible technical, admin
istrative, supervisory, or specialized cle rica l duties which are not typical of secreta rial work.
NOTE: The term "corp ora te o ffic e r ," used in the level definitions following, refers to
those officia ls who have a significant corporate-w id e policymaking role with regard to m ajor
company a ctivities. The title "v ice p resid en t," though norm ally indicative of this role, does not
in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose prim ary responsibility is to act per
sonally on individual cases or transactions (e.g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions;
adm inister individual trust accounts; d irectly supervise a cle rica l staff) are not considered to be
"corp ora te office rs " for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
Class A
a. S ecretary to the chairm an of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
all, over 100 but few er than 5,000 p erson s; or
b. S ecretary to a corporate o ffice r (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 but fewer than 25, 000 p e rso n s; or
c. S ecretary to the head (im m ediately below the corporate o ffice r level) of a m ajor
segment or subsidiary of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p erson s.
Class B
a. Secretary to the chairm an of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
all, fewer than 100 p erson s; or
b. Secretary to a corporate o ffice r (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 100 but few er than 5,000 p e rs o n s ; or
c. S ecretary to the head (im m ediately below the o ffice r level) over either a m ajor
corporate -wide functional activity (e .g ., m arketing, resea rch , operations, industrial re la
tions, etc.) 0 £ a m ajor geographic or organizational segment (e.g ., a regional headquarters;
a m ajor division) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000
em p loyees; or
a. S ecretary to an executive or m anagerial person whose responsibility is not equivalent
to one of the s p e cific level situations in the definition fo r class B, but whose subordinate staff
norm ally numbers at least several dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organizational
segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some com panies, this level includes
a wide range of organizational echelons; in oth ers, only one or two; cu*
b. S ecretary to the head of an individual plant, fa ctory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, few er than 5, 000 p e rso n s.
Class D
a. S ecretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., fewer than
about 25 or 30 person s); _or
b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, profession a l em ployee, adm inistra
tive o ffice r, or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE; Many com panies assign
stenographers, rather than se cre ta rie s as d escribed above, to this level of supervisory or
nonsupervisory w orker.)
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or m ore
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May
also type from written copy. May maintain file s , keep sim ple re co rd s, or p erform other relatively
routine cle rica l tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribin gmachine work, (See transcribing-m achine op era tor.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as in legal b riefs or reports on scientific resea rch from one or m ore persons either in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain file s, keep re co rd s, etc.
OR
P erform s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and resp onsi
bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the follow ing: Work requires high degree of
stenographic speed and accu racy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office
procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, p o licie s, procedu res, files,
workflow , etc. Uses this knowledge in perform ing stenographic duties and responsible cle rica l
tasks such as, maintaining followup file s; assem bling m aterial for reports, m emorandum s, letters,
etc.; com posing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and
answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-m achine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
Class A. Operates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or o ffice ca lls. P e rfo rm s full telephone inform ation s ervice or handles
com plex ca lls, such as con feren ce, co lle ct, o versea s, or sim ilar ca lls, either in addition to
doing routine work as d escribed for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-tim e
assignment. ("F u ll" telephone inform ation s ervice occu rs when the establishm ent has varied
functions that are not readily understandable for telephone inform ation purposes, e .g ., because
of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to
which extensions are appropriate for calls.)
Class B. Operates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office ca lls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls.
May p erform lim ited telephone inform ation serv ice . ("L im ited " telephone inform ation service
occu rs if the functions of the establishm ent serviced are readily understandable for telephone
inlorm ation purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension numbers when
specific names are furnished, or if com plex ca lls are referred to another operator.)
23
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued
In addition to perform ing duties of operator on a sin gle-position or m onitor-type switch
board, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine cle rica l work as part of regular
duties. This typing or clerica l work may take the m ajor part of this w ork er's time while at
switchboard.
Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrica l accounting machines such as the
so rte r, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include sim ple
wiring from diagram s and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work
unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
TABU LA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Class A . Operates a variety of tabulating or e lectrica l accounting m achines, typically
including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, colla tor, and others.
P erform s com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and p erform s difficult
wiring as required. The com plete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a
variety of long and com plex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type r e
quiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a m ore experienced operator,
is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained
operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and com plex reports.
Does not include working supervisors perform ing tabulating-machine operations and d ay-today supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine op erators.
Class B. Operates m ore difficult tabulating or e lectrica l accounting machines such as the
tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, rep rod u cer, and collator. This work is
p erform ed under specific instructions and may include the perform ance of some wiring from
diagram s. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabulations involving a repetitive
accounting e x e r cis e , a com plete but sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and m ore
com plex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the p ro
cedures are well established. May also include the training of new em ployees in the basic
operation of the machine.
P rim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from
transcribing-m achine re co rd s. May also type from written copy and do sim ple cle rica l work.
W orkers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal
briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after ca lcu la
tions have been made by another person. May include typing of sten cils, mats, or sim ilar m ate
rials for use in duplicating p ro ce s s e s. May do cle rica l work involving little special training, such
as keeping sim ple re co rd s, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.
Class A . P erform s one or m ore of the follow ing: Typing m aterial in final form when it
involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for co r re ct spelling,
syllabication, punctuation, e tc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language m aterial;
and planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and
balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances.
Class B . P erform s one or m ore of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts;
routine typing of fo rm s, insurance p o licie s, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations,
or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced properly.
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
COMPUTER OPERATOR
COMPUTER PROGRAMER, BUSINESS
M onitors and operates the control con sole of a digital com puter to p ro ce ss data according
to operating instructions, usually prepared by a program er. Work includes m ost of the follow ing;
Studies instructions to determ ine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required
items (tape reels, ca rd s, etc.); switches necessary auxiliary equipment into circu it, and starts
and operates com puter; makes adjustments to com puter to co r re ct operating problem s and m eet
special conditions; reviews e rr o rs made during operation and determ ines cause or refers problem
to supervisor or p rogra m er; and maintains operating record s. May test and assist in correcting
program .
Converts statements of business p roblem s, typically prepared by a system s analyst, into
a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the problem s by automatic data
processin g equipment. Working from charts or diagram s, the program er develops the p re cise
instructions which, when entered into the com puter system in coded language, cause the manipu
lation of data to achieve d esired results. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Applies knowledge
of computer capabilities, m athem atics, logic em ployed by com puters, and particular subject matter
involved to analyze charts and diagram s of the problem to be program ed. Develops sequence
of program steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show ord er in which data will be p ro ce sse d ;
converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to follow ; tests and co r re cts program s;
prepares instructions fo r operating personnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters
program s to increase operating e fficien cy or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains record s of
program development and revisions. (NOTE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and p r o
graming should be cla ssifie d as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
For wage study purposes, com puter operators are cla ssified as follow s:
Class A . Operates independently, or under only general direction, a com puter running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: New program s are frequently tested and
introduced; scheduling requirem ents are of critica l im portance to m inim ize downtime; the
program s are of com plex design so that identification of e rr o r source often requires a working
knowledge of the total program , and alternate program s may not be available. May give
direction and guidance to low er level op erators.
Class B. Operates independently, or under only general direction, a com puter running
program s with m ost of the following ch a ra cteristics: Most of the program s are established
production runs, typically run on a regularly recurring basis; there is little or no testing
of new program s required; alternate program s are provided in case original program needs
m ajor change or cannot be corrected within a reasonable tim e. In com m on e rr o r situations,
diagnoses cause and takes correctiv e action. This usually involves applying p reviou sly p r o
gram ed co rre ctiv e steps, or using standard correction techniques.
Does not include em ployees p rim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electron ic data p rocessin g ( EDP) em ployees, or program ers prim arily concerned with
scientific a n d /or engineering problem s.
F or wage study purposes, program ers are cla ssifie d as follow s:
Class A . Works independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s which
require com petence in all phases of program ing concepts and p ra ctices. Working from dia
gram s and charts which identify the nature of desired results, m ajor processin g steps to be
accom plished, and the relationships between various steps of the problem solving routine;
plans the full range of program ing actions needed to efficiently utilize the com puter system
in achieving desired end products.
OR
Operates under d irect supervision a computer running program s or segments of program s
with the ch aracteristics described for class A. May a ssist a higher level operator by inde
pendently perform ing less difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing difficult tasks following
detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations p erform ed.
Class C. Works on routine program s under close supervision. Is expected to develop
working knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect problem s involved in
running routine program s. Usually has received some form al training in com puter operation.
May assist higher level operator on com plex program s.
At this level, program ing is difficult because com puter equipment must be organized to
produce several interrelated but diverse products from numerous and diverse data elements.
A wide variety and extensive number of internal processin g actions must occu r. This requires
such actions as development of com m on operations which can be reused, establishm ent of
linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when program requirem ents exceed
com puter storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements
to form a highly integrated program .
May provide functional direction to low er level p rogra m ers who are assigned to assist.
24
COMPUTER PROGRAMER, BUSINESS— Continued
COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued
Class B. Works independently or under only general direction on relatively simple
program s, or on sim ple segm ents of com plex program s. P rog ra m s (or segments) usually
p rocess inform ation to produce data in two or three varied sequences or form ats. Reports
and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arraying, or making m inor additions to or
deletions from input data which are readily available. While numerous record s may be
p rocessed , the data have been refined in p rior actions so that the accu racy and sequencing
of data can be tested by using a few routine checks. Typically, the program deals with
routine record-keepin g type operations.
OR
Works on com plex program s (as d escrib ed for cla ss A) under clo se direction of a higher
level p rogram er or supervisor. May a ssist higher level program er by independently p e r
form ing less difficult tasks assigned, and p erform ing m ore difficult tasks under fa irly close
direction.
May guide or instruct low er level prog ra m ers.
OR
Works on a segment of a com plex data p rocessin g schem e or system , as described for
cla ss A. Works independently on routine assignm ents and receiv es instruction and guidance
on com plex assignm ents. Work is reviewed for a ccu ra cy of judgment, com pliance with in
structions, and to insure p roper alinement with the overall system .
Class C. Works under imm ediate supervision, carrying out analyses as assigned, usually
of a single activity. Assignm ents are designed to develop and expand practical experience
in the application of p rocedu res and skills required fo r system s analysis work. For example,
may a ssist a higher level system s analyst by preparing the detailed specifications required
by p rogram ers from information developed by the higher level analyst.
DRAFTSMAN
Class C. Makes pra ctica l applications of program ing p ra ctices and concepts usually
learned in form al training cou rses. Assignm ents are designed to develop com petence in the
application of standard p roced u res to routine p roblem s. R eceives clo se supervision on new
aspects of assignm ents; and work is reviewed to verify its accu racy and conform ance with
required p rocedures.
COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS
Analyzes business problem s to form ulate procedu res for solving them by use of electronic
data p rocessin g equipment. Develops a com plete description of all specifications needed to enable
program ers to prepare required digital com puter program s. Work involves m ost of the follow ing:
Analyzes subject-m atter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and crite ria required
to achieve satisfactory results; specifies number and types of re co rd s, file s, and documents to
be used; outlines actions to be perform ed by personnel and com puters in sufficient detail for
presentation to management and for program ing (typically this involves preparation of work and
data flow charts); coordinates the developm ent of test problem s and participates in trial runs of
new and revised system s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m ore effective overall
operations. (NOTE; W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and program ing should be c la s
sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
Does not include em ployees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data p rocessin g (EDP) em ployees, or system s analysts p rim arily concerned with
scien tific or engineering p roblem s.
For wage study purposes,
maintaining accounts receivable in a retail establishm ent, or maintaining inventory accounts
in a manufacturing or wholesale establishm ent.) Confers with persons concerned to determine
the data p rocessin g problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on the im plications of the
data p rocessin g system s to be applied.
Class A. Plans the graphic presentation of com plex items having distinctive design
features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close sup
port with the design originator, and may recom m end m inor design changes. Analyzes the
effect of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of co m
ponents and parts. Works with a minimum of sup ervisory assistance. Completed work is
reviewed by design originator for con sistency with p rior engineering determ inations. May
either prepare drawings, or d irect their preparation by low er level draftsmen.
Class B. P e rfo rm s nonroutine and com plex drafting assignm ents that require the appli
cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used. Duties typically in
volve such work as; P rep a res working drawings of subassem blies with irregular shapes,
multiple functions, and p re cise positional relationships between com ponents; prepares a rch i
tectural drawings fo r construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall
section s, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted form ulas and manuals in making necessary
computations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths,
s tre sse s, etc.
R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice from supervisor.
Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.
Class C . P rep a res detail drawings of single units or parts fo r engineering, construction,
manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include iso m e tric p rojections
(depicting three dim insions in accurate scale) and sectional views to cla rify positioning of
components and convey needed inform ation. Consolidates details from a number of sources
and adjusts or transposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicable
p recedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions
are less com plete when assignm ents recur. Work may be spot-checked during p rog ress.
DRAFTSM AN-TRACER
system s analysts are cla ssifie d as follow s:
Class A . Works independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s
involving all phases of system s analysis. P roblem s are com plex because of diverse sources
of input data and m ultiple-use requirem ents of output data. (F or exam ple, develops an inte
grated production scheduling, inventory con trol, cost analysis, and sales analysis record in
which every item of each type is automatically p rocessed through the full system of record s
and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the com puter.) Confers with persons con
cerned to determ ine the data p rocessin g problem s and advises su bject-m atter personnel on
the im plications of new or revised system s of data p rocessin g operations. Makes re c o m
mendations, if needed, for approval of m ajor system s installations or changes and for
obtaining equipment.
May provide functional direction to low er level system s analysts who are assigned to
assist.
Class B . Works independently or under only general direction on problem s that are
relatively uncom plicated to analyze, plan, p rogram , and operate. P roblem s are of lim ited
com plexity because sou rces of input data are homogeneous and the output data are clo se ly
related. (F or exam ple, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank,
MAINTENANCE
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over
drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans p rim arily
consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring clo se delineation. )
a nd/or
P rep ares sim ple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s.
during p ro g re ss.
Work is clo se ly supervised
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing s ervice under general m edical direction to ill or
injured em ployees or other persons who b ecom e ill or suffer an accident on the p rem ises of a
fa ctory or other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: Giving first aid
to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports for com pensation or other purposes; assisting in
physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and c a r r y
ing out program s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment,
or other activities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of all personnel.
D POWERPLANT
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued
P erform s the carpentry duties n ecessa ry to construct and maintain in good repair building
woodwork and equipment such as bins, cr ib s , cou nters, benches, partitions, d oors, flo o rs , stairs,
casings, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. Work involves m ost of the follow ing; Planning
and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, m odels, or verbal instructions using a variety
of ca rp en ter's handtools, portable power tools, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making
standard shop computations relating to dim ensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary
for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
25
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)— Continued
P erform s a variety of e lectrica l trade functions such as the installation, maintenance,
or repair of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of ele ctric energy in an
establishm ent. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Installing or repairing any of a variety of
e lectrica l equipment such as gen erators, tra n sform ers, switchboards, co n tro lle rs, circuit break
e rs , m otors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transm ission equipment; working from
blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the
electrica l system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirem ents of
wiring or e lectrica l equipment; and using a variety of e lectricia n 's handtools and m easuring and
testing instrum ents. In general, the work of the maintenance electricia n requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining w heels,
adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive
m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al appren
ticeship or equivalent training and experience.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and
equipment (m echanical or electrica l) to supply the establishment in which em ployed with power,
heat, refrigera tion , or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air co m p re s so rs , generators, m otors, turbines, ventilating and r e fr ig
erating equipment, steam boilers and b oile r -fe d water pumps; making equipment rep a irs; and
keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consumption. May also su
pervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing m ore than one
engineer are excluded.
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
F ires stationary b oilers to furnish the establishment in which em ployed with heat, power,
or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, or gas or oil burner;
and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment.
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
A ssists one or m ore workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by perform ing specific
or general duties of le ss e r skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with m aterials and tools;
cleaning .working area, machine, and equipment; assisting journeym an by holding m aterials or
to ols; and perform ing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeym an. The kind of work the
helper is perm itted to p erform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is con
fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in
others he is perm itted to p erform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also p erform ed by w orkers on a fu ll-tim e basis.
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
S pecializes in the operation of one or m ore types of machine to o ls, such as jig b o re rs ,
cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or m illing m achines, in the construction of
m achine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fixtures, or dies. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Plan
ning and perform ing difficult machining operations; p rocessin g items requiring com plicated setups
or a high degree of accu racy; using a variety of precision m easuring instrum ents; selecting feeds,
speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making n ecessary adjustments during operation to
achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions. May be required to recognize when tools need d r e s s
ing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. F or c r o s s
industry wage study purposes, m achine-tool op erators, toolroom , in tool and die jobbing shops
are excluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of m echan
ical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Interpreting
written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of m a
chinist's handtools and precision m easuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine
tools; shaping of metal parts to close toleran ces; making standard shop computations relating to
dimensions of work, tooling, feed s, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties
of the com m on m etals; selecting standard m aterials, parts, and equipment required for his work;
and fitting and assem bling parts into m echanical equipment. In general, the m achinist's work
normally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
Repairs autom obiles, buses, m otortrucks, and tra ctors of an establishm ent. Work in
volves m ost of the follow ing: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
disassem bling equipment and perform ing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as
w renches, gages, d rills, or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing
broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
R epairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent. Work involves most
of the follow ing: Examining machines and m echanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
dismantling or partly dismantling machines and perform ing repairs that mainly involve the use
of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained
from stock; ordering the production of a replacem ent part by a machine shop or sending of the
machine to a machine shop for m ajor rep a irs; preparing written specifications for m ajor repairs
or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making
all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance m echanic r e
quires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssification are w orkers whose prim ary
duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or
heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the fo l
lowing: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using
a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to s tre ss e s,
strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting stand
ard to o ls, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transm ission equipment such as drives and speed red ucers. In general, the m illw right's work
norm ally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
OILER
L ubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces
equipment of an establishment.
of m echanical
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishm ent. Work in
volves the follow ing: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different
applications; preparing surface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or fille r
in nail holes and in terstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix co lo rs , o ils,
white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the
work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an
establishment. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Laying out of work and m easuring to lo
cate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe
to co rre ct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; thread
ing pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or pow er-driven m achines; assem bling
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating
to p re ssu re s, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determ ine whether
finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. W orkers p rim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanita
tion or heating system s are excluded.
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge
of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or r e
pairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m ber's snake. In
general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
SHEET-M ETAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
F ab rica tes, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fix
tures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lo ck e rs, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts,
metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the follow ing: Planning and laying
out all types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m odels, ox other specifications;
setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working m achines; using a variety of
26
SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE----Continued
TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued
handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-m etal w orker requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
using a variety of tool and die m ak er's handtools and precision measuring instruments; under
standing of the working properties of com m on metals and alloys; setting up and operating of
machine tools and related equipment; making n ecessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heat-treating of metal parts during fabrication
as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances;
fitting and assem bling of parts to p rescrib ed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate
m aterials, tools, and p ro ce s s e s. In general, the tool and die m aker's work requires a rounded
training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig maker; tool m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker)
Constructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fixtures or dies for forgin gs,
punching, and other m etal-form ing work. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning and
laying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
F or cro ss-in d u stry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
GUARD AND WATCHMAN
Guard. P erform s routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining
ord er, using arm s or fo rce where n ecessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate
and check on identity of em ployees and other persons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of prem ises p eriodically in protecting property against fire,
theft, and illegal entry.
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P repares m erchandise for shipment, or receiv es and is responsible for incoming ship
ments of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping
p roced u res, p ra ctice s, routes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c
ords of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and
keeping a file of shipping re co rd s. May d irect or assist in preparing the m erchandise for ship
ment. R eceiving work involves: V erifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of
shipments against bills of lading, in voices, or other re co rd s; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper departments; and maintaining n eces
sary record s and files.
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
F or wage study purposes, w orkers are cla ssified as follow s:
Cleans and keeps in an ord erly condition factory working areas and washroom s, or
prem ises of an office, apartment house, or com m ercia l or other establishm ent. Duties involve
a combination of the follow ing: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing flo o rs ; rem oving
chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures
or trim m ings; providing supplies and minor maintenance se rv ice s ; and cleaning lavatories, show
ers, and restroom s. W orkers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; w a re
houseman or warehouse helper)
A worker em ployed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment
whose duties involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and
m erchandise on or from freight ca rs , trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelving,
or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; and transporting m aterials or
m erchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow . Longshorem en, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
ORDER
R eceiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m aterials, m erchandise,
equipment, or men between various types of establishm ents such as: Manufacturing plants, freight
depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishments and
cu sto m e rs' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers,
make minor m echanical rep a irs, and keep truck in good working order. D riv er-salesm en and
o ver-th e-roa d drivers are excluded.
F or wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type of equipment,
as follow s: (T ra cto r-tra ile r should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.)
FILLER
(Order picker; stock s elector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer ord ers for finished goods from stored m erchandise in a cco r d
ance with specifications on sales slip s, cu stom ers' ord e rs , or other instructions. May, inaddition
to filling ord ers and indicating items filled or om itted, keep record s of outgoing ord e rs, requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to sup ervisor, and perform other related duties.
T ruckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
T ru ckd river, light (under lV2 tons)
T ru ckd river, medium (1V2 to and including 4 tons)
T ru ckd river, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type)
T ru ckd river, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type)
TRUCKER, POWER
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con
tainers, the specific operations perform ed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of
units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Knowl
edge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size
of container; inserting enclosures in container; using e xce lsio r or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying
data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or e le ctric-p ow ered truck or tractor to
transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other
establishment.
F or wage study purposes, w orkers are cla ssified by type of truck, as follow s:
T ru cker, power (forklift)
T ru cker, power (other than forklift)
A v a i l a b l e O n R e q u e s t -------
Th e tenth annual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , a t
t o r n e y s , c h e m i s t s , e n g i n e e r s , e n g in e e r in g t e c h n i c i a n s , d r a f t s m e n ,
t r a c e r s , j o b a n a ly s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l , b u y e r s , and c l e r i c a l
e m p lo y e e s.
O r d e r as B L S B u lle tin 1654, N a tio n a l S u r v e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d
m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and C l e r i c a l P a y , June 1 9 6 9 . S e v e n t y - f i v e
ce n ts a c o p y .
Area
W age
Surveys
A l is t o f the la t e s t a v a ila b le b u lle tin s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y o f a r e a w a g e s tu d ie s in clu d in g m o r e l i m i t e d s tu d ie s c o n d u c t e d at the
r e q u e s t o f the W a g e and H o u r and P u b l i c C o n t r a c t s D i v i s i o n s o f the D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t . B u lle tin s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m
the S u pe rin te n de n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 20402, o r f r o m any o f the BLS r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s show n on
the in s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .
Area
A k r o n , O hio, J u ly 1969 1----------------------------------------------------A lb any—S c h e n e c t a d y - T r o y , N . Y . , F e b . 1970-----------------A lb u q u e r q u e , N. M e x , , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1-------------------------------A lle n to w n —B e t h le h e m —E a s to n , P a . —N .J ., M a y 1969-----Atla nta, G a . , M a y 1970 1 ---------------------------------------------------B a l t i m o r e , M d . , Aug. 1969-----------------------------------------------Be.’. u m o n t - P o r t Arthu r—O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1969 1_____
B in gha m to n , N . Y . , J u ly 1969--------------------------------------------B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1970------------------------------------------B o i s e Cit y, Idaho, N o v . 1969-------------------------------------------B o s to n , M a s s . , Aug. 1969________________________________
B u ffa lo , N . Y ., O ct. 1969___________________________________
B u rlin g to n , V t ., M a r . 1970_______________________________
Cant on, O h io , M a y 1969 ___________________________________
C h a r le s t o n , W. V a . , A p r . 1970 1 -------------------------------------C h a r lo tt e , N . C . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1 --------------------------------------------Ch atta n ooga , T e n n . - G a . , Sept. 1969--------------------------------C h ic a g o , 111., A p r . 1969 1 _________________________________
C in cin n a ti, O h io —K y.—I n d ., F e b . 1970----------------------------C le v e la n d , O h io , Sept. 1969----------------------------------------------C o lu m b u s , O h io , O c t . 1969- -------------------------------------------D a lla s , T e x . , O ct. 1969----------------------------------------------------D a v e n p o r t—R o c k Isla nd—M o l i n e , Iowa—111.,
O ct. 1969 1__________________________________________________
Dayton , O h io , D e c . 1969___________________________________
D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1 9 6 9 1. _________ __________ ___ — ----- —
D es M o i n e s , Iow a, M a r . 1969_____________________________
D e tr o it, M i c h . , F e b . 1970________________________________
F o r t W o rt h , T e x . , O ct. 1969--------------------------------------------G r e e n B a y, W i s ., J u ly 19 6 9 ----------------------------------------------G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1970_______________________________
H ouston , T e x . , A p r . 1970--------------------------------------------------In d ia n a p o lis , Ind., O ct. 1969--------------------------------------------J a c k s o n , M i s s . , Jan. 1970------------------------------------------------J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1969____________________________
K a n s a s Cit y, M o . —K a n s ., Sept. 1969-------------------------------L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h il l, M a s s . —N .H ., June 1 9 6 9 --------------Lit tl e R o c k —N o rt h L ittle R o c k , A r k . , J u ly 1969----------L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A n a G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1970______________________
L o u i s v i l l e , K y.—Ind., Nov. 1969 1-------------------------------------L u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1 _________________ - ____________
M a n c h e s t e r , N .H ., J u ly 1969--------------------------------------------M e m p h i s , Ten n.—A r k . , Nov. 1969 1______________________
M i a m i , F l a . , N o v . 1969___________________________________
M id la n d and O d e s s a , T e x . , Jan. 1 9 7 0 1-------------------------M ilw a u k e e , W i s . , A p r . 1969______________________________
M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l, M in n ., Jan. 1970 1-----------------------
B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e
1625-89,
1660-51,
1660-55,
1625-86,
1 6 6 0 -7 6 ,
1660-11,
1625-75,
1660-5,
1660-57,
1660-34,
1 6 6 0 -1 6 ,
1 6 6 0 -2 9 ,
1660-53,
1625-73,
1660-68,
1660-61,
1660-9,
1625-82,
1660-49,
1660-22,
1 6 6 0 -2 7 ,
1660-23,
35
30
35
30
50
35
35
30
30
25
45
45
25
30
35
40
30
65
35
40
30
35
ce n ts
ce n ts
cen ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
cen ts
ce n ts
cents
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
1660-20,
1660-37,
1660-41,
1625-62,
1660-58,
1 6 6 0 -1 8 ,
1660-8,
1660-79,
1660-67,
1660-25,
1660-39,
1660-35,
1 6 6 0 -1 0 ,
1625-79,
1 6 6 0 -2 ,
35
30
40
30
35
30
30
30
35
30
30
30
35
30
30
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
cen ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
1660-64,
1 6 6 0 -2 8 ,
1660-50,
1660-3,
1660-31,
1660-32,
1660-44,
1625-66,
1660-46,
45
40
35
30
40
30
35
35
50
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
cen ts
ce n ts
cen ts
ce n ts
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.
Area
M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , M a y 1 9 6 9 _______
N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity, N . J . , Jan. 1 9 7 0 1_____________
New H av e n, C on n., Jan. 1 9 7 0 1___________________________
New O r l e a n s , L a . , Jan. 1970_____________________________
New Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1969_______________________________
N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t New s—
H am pto n , V a . , Jan. 1970 1_______________________________
O k la h o m a C ity, O k l a . , J u ly 1969 1_______________________
O m a h a , N e b r .—Iowa, Sept. 1969__________________________
P a t e r s o n —C lifto n —P a s s a i c , N .J ., M a y 1969_____________
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . —N . J . , Nov. 1969 1______________________
P h o e n i x , A r i z ., M a r . 1970 1______________________________
P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan. 1970 1______________________________
P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , Nov. 1969 1_____________________________
P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a s h . , M a y 1969_______________________
P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t—W a r w i c k , R.I.—M a s s . ,
M a y 1970___________________________________________________
R a le ig h , N . C . , Aug. 1969__________________________________
R ic h m o n d , V a ., M a r . 1970 1______________________________
R o c h e s t e r , N .Y . ( o f f i c e o c c u p a t io n s o n ly ),
J u ly 1969-----------------------------------------------------------------------------R o c k f o r d , 111., M a y 1 9 6 9 __________________________________
St. L o u i s , M o .—111., M a r . 1970____________________________
Salt Lake C ity, Utah, Nov. 1 9 6 9 * _______________________
San A n to n io , T e x . , M a y 197 0_____________________ ________
San B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r sid e—O n t a r io , C a lif . ,
San D ie g o , C a l i f . , Nov. 1 9 6 9 1 ____________________________
San F r a n c i s c o —O akla nd, C a l i f . , O ct . 1 9 6 9 1____________
San J o s e , C a lif . , Sept. 1969 1____________________________ _
Savannah, G a . , M a y 1970 1________________________________
S cra n to n , P a . , J u ly 1969__________________________________
Seattle—E v e r e t t , W a s h ., Jan. 1970______________________
S io u x F a l l s , S. Dak., Sept. 1969_________________________
South B e n d, Ind., M a r . 1 9 7 0 1_____________________________
Sp okan e, W a s h ., June 1969 _______________________________
S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u ly 1969________________________________
T a m p a —St. P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , Aug. 1 9 6 9 * ______________
T o l e d o , O h io —M i c h . , F e b . 1970___________________________
T r e n t o n , N .J ., Sept. 1969_________________________________
U t i c a - R o m e , N . Y ., J u ly 1969_____________________________
W a s h in g to n , D .C .—Md.—V a . , Sept. 1969 1________________
W a t e r b u r y , C o n n ., M a r . 1970 1___________________________
W a t e r l o o , Iowa, Jan. 1970________________________________
W ic h it a , K a n s . , A p r . 1970 1 ______________________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , May 1970 1___________________________
Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 1_____________________________________
Y o u n g s to w n —W a r r e n , O h io , Nov. 1969 1_________________
B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e
1625-80,
1660-47,
1660-40,
1660-42,
1625-88,
30
50
35
30
60
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
1660-59,
1660-17,
1660-12,
1 6 2 5 -8 7 ,
1660-48,
1660-70,
1660-60,
1 6 6 0 -2 6 ,
1625-76,
35
35
30
35
60
35
50
35
30
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
1660-72,
1 6 6 0 -6 ,
1660-65,
30 ce n ts
30 ce n ts
40 ce n ts
1660-4,
1625-72,
1660-66,
1 6 6 0 -3 0 ,
1660-71,
30
30
40
35
30
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
1660-43,
1660-36,
1660-33,
1 6 6 0 -2 4 ,
1660-80,
1 6 6 0 -1 5 ,
1660-52,
1660-14,
1660-62,
1 6 2 5 -8 1 ,
1 6 6 0 -1 3 ,
1 6 6 0-7 ,
1660-56,
1 6 6 0 -2 1 ,
1 6 6 0 -1 ,
1 6 6 0 -1 9 ,
1660-54,
1660-45,
1660-69,
1660-78,
1660-63,
1660-38,
30
35
50
35
35
30
30
25
35
30
30
35
30
30
30
50
35
30
35
35
35
35
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
c ents
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF L A B O R ST A TIST IC S
W ASH IN G TO N , D .C .
20212
O F F I C I A L BUSINESS
P O S T A G E AND FE ES PAID
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R
FIRST CLASS MAIL
@FedFRASER