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Area Wage Survey The San Antonio, Texas, Metropolitan Area June 1966 San A Bulletin No. 1465-78 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner Area Wage Survey The San Antonio, Texas, Metropolitan Area June 1966 Bulletin No. 1465-78 Ju ly 1966 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 20 cents f : ft nee! s a l : d d ei . - a: • .o * ; - . , V V . rosaj io rmmnwm S m ;W i" » r i t <V . W Si f f ncj ho^ M ’ i?; ’ ■; - ■ * '■ : .. . ■ ■ : ■f L' J-*:.:, .>u - 1 .!;> . Contents Preface Page T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s is d e s i g n e d t o p r o v i d e da ta o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It y i e l d s d e t a i l e d da ta b y s e l e c t e d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s f o r e a c h o f th e a r e a s s t u d i e d , f o r e c o n o m i c r e g i o n s , a n d f o r th e U n i t e d S t a t e s . A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in th e p r o g r a m is th e n e e d f o r g r e a t e r i n s i g h t in to (1) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l , a n d (2) th e s t r u c t u r e and l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s and in d u stry d i v is io n s . A t t h e en d o f e a c h s u r v e y , an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l l e t i n p r e s e n t s s u r v e y r e s u l t s f o r e a c h a r e a s t u d ie d . A f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f a l l o f th e i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l l e t i n s f o r a r o u n d o f s u r v e y s , a t w o - p a r t s u m m a r y b u l l e t i n is i s s u e d . T h e f i r s t p a r t b r i n g s da t a f o r e a c h o f th e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s t u d i e d in to o n e b u l l e t i n . T h e s e c o n d p a r t p r e s e n t s in fo r m a t io n w h i c h has b e e n p r o j e c t e d f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a da ta t o r e l a t e to e c o n o m i c r e g i o n s and th e U n ited States. I n t r o d u c t i o n _________________________________________________________________________ W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _______________________________ T a b les: 1. 2. A. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d i e d __________________________________________________________ I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k l y s a l a r i e s a nd s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , and p e r c e n t s o f i n c r e a s e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s _______ O ccupational ea rn in g s:* A - 1. O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — e n and w o m e n ___________________________ m A - 2. P r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s — e n ________________ m A - 3 . O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s — m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d _____________________________________ A - 4 . M a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s _____________________ A -5 . C u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s _____________ A ppendix. O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s _________________________________________ E i g h t y - f i v e a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e i n c l u d e d in th e p r o g r a m . I n f o r m a t i o n o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s is c o l l e c t e d a n n u a l l y in e a c h a r e a . I n f o r m a t i o n o n e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s is o b t a i n e d b i e n n i a l l y in m o s t o f th e a r e a s . T h i s b u l l e t i n p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y in San A n t o n i o , T e x . , in J u n e 1966. T h e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f i n e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t t h r o u g h M a r c h 1 9 6 5, c o n s i s t s o f B e x a r a n d G u a d a l u p e C o u n t i e s . T h i s s t u d y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u ' s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in A t l a n t a , G a . , B r u n s w i c k A . B a g d o n , D i r e c t o r ; b y J e r r y G . A d a m s , u n d e r th e d i r e c t i o n o f J a m e s D . G a r l a n d . T h e s tu d y w a s u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f D onald M . C r u s e , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D i r e c t o r f o r W ages and I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s . 1 3 areas. * N O T E : S im ila r tabulations a r e a v a ila b le fo r oth er (See in side b a c k c o v e r . ) U n io n s c a l e s , i n d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in th e San A n t o n i o a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r b u il d in g c o n s t r u c t i o n , p r i n t i n g , l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t i n g e m p l o y e e s , and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . Ill 2 3 4 6 7 8 8 11 mm r. ■■ ■ " ■ ' . ■ ... . •- ■ . : 1 ' • . . ......... r ; r .- ™ .,VT w ; - ■ O:> • ' ' . ■ . ■ .,; • i 'V o ■ • -y. .■ I ■S - • ■ . >; ■ . ■ ■ '? :: ■ ’ • ■ ■'*y ■• ’•V ' ; • -o . . - : .. . - .o < .I.' -:- ' . Area Wage Survey— The San Antonio, Tex., Metropolitan Area Introduction O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s da ta a r e s h o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y s c h e d u l e in the g i v e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n i n g s da ta e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and la te s h i f t s . N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s and i n c e n t i v e e a r n i n g s a r e i n c l u d e d . W here w eek ly h ours are r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e i s to the w o r k s c h e d u l e s ( r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h i c h s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a la r ie s a r e paid ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th e se o cc u p a tio n s have b e e n r o u n d e d t o the n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r . T h i s a r e a i s 1 o f 85 in w h i c h the U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u rea u of L a b o r S ta tistics con d u cts s u r v e y s of o ccu p a tio n a l earn ings and r e l a t e d w a g e b e n e f i t s o n an a r e a w i d e b a s i s . T h i s b u l l e t i n p r e s e n t s c u r r e n t o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s i n f o r m a t i o n o b t a i n e d l a r g e l y b y m a i l f r o m the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d b y B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s in the l a s t p r e v i o u s s u r v e y f o r o c c u p a t i o n s r e p o r t e d in th at e a r l i e r s tu d y . P e r s o n a l v i s i t s w e r e m a d e to n o n r e s p o n d e n t s and t o t h o s e r e s p o n d e n t s r e p o r t i n g u n u s u a l c h a n g e s s i n c e the p r e v i o u s s u r v e y . The a ve ra g e s p re se n te d r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a re a w id e estim ates. I n d u s t r i e s a nd e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b s t a f f i n g and, th u s , c o n t r i b u t e d i f f e r e n t l y t o the e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b . The pay r e l a t i o n s h i p o b t a i n a b l e f r o m the a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l to r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e l y the w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a i n t a i n e d a m o n g j o b s in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in a n y o f the s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u l d n o t b e a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f the s e x e s w it h in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . O t h e r p o s s i b l e f a c t o r s w h i c h m a y c o n t r i b u t e to d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n and w o m e n i n c l u d e : D i f f e r e n c e s in p r o g r e s s i o n w i t h i n e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s , s i n c e o n l y the a c t u a l r a t e s p a i d i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; and d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c d u t i e s p e r f o r m e d , a lt h o u g h th e w o r k e r s a r e a p p r o p r i a t e l y c l a s s i f i e d w it h in the s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l l y m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d than t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e s p e c i f i c d u t i e s p e r f o r m e d . In e a c h a r e a , da t a a r e o b t a i n e d f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h i n s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u stry g rou ps e x c lu d e d f r o m th ese stu dies a re g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and th e c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s . E sta b lish m en ts h a v i n g f e w e r th an a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e t h e y te n d t o f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d to w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n . S e p a r a t e t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f the b roa d industry d iv ision s w hich m e e t pu blication crite ria . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p l e b a s i s b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y i n g a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . To o b t a in o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e th an o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s t u d i e d . In c o m b i n i n g th e data, h o w e v e r , all es ta b lis h m e n ts a re given th eir a p p ro p ria te w eight. E s t i m a t e s b a s e d o n the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e l a t i n g t o a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e i n d u s t r y g r o u p i n g and a r e a , e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e l o w the m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d i e d . O ccupations O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in the s c o p e o f the s t u d y a nd n o t the n u m b e r a c t u a l l y surveyed. B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , th e e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a i n e d f r o m the s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d s e r v e o n l y t o i n d i c a t e the r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d i e d . T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t m a t e r i a l l y a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n i n g s data. and E a r n i n g s * 3 The o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f the f o l l o w i n g t y p e s : (1) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ; (3 ) m a i n t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t ; a nd (4) c u s t o d i a l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m ent. O cc u p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m set of jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u t i e s w it h i n the s a m e j o b . The o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r study a r e l i s t e d a nd d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d i x . E a r n i n g s data f o r s o m e o f th e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s t a b l e s b e c a u s e e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h da t a to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t da ta . E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p le m e n ta ry W age P r o v is io n s T a b u l a t i o n s o n s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in th is bulletin . I n f o r m a t i o n f o r t h e s e t a b u l a t i o n s i s c o l l e c t e d b i e n n i a l l y in th is a r e a . T h e s e tabu lation s on m i n i m u m entrance sa la rie s fo r in e x p e r ie n c e d w o m e n o f f ic e w o r k e r s ; shift d if f e r e n t ia ls ; s ch e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s ; p a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ; and h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s ; a r e p r e s e n t e d (in the B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) in p r e v i o u s b u l l e t i n s f o r th is a r e a . 1 2 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m b e r stu d ie d in San A n to n io , T e x . , 1 b y m a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n , June 1966 N u m b er o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b lis h m en ts in s c o p e o f study In d u stry d iv is io n W o r k e r s in es ta b lis h m e n ts W ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y 4 W ithin s c o p e o f s tu d y 3 Studied 407 1E0 65, 000 100 34, 440 50 - 119 E88 4E 78 E0, 300 44, 700 31 69 10, 490 E3, 950 50 50 50 50 50 30 55 113 40 50 15 6, 000 A ll d iv is io n s M an u factu rin g N on m a n u fa ctu rin g T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s 5 ____________ __ __ W h o le s a le t r a d e 6 . . . . . _____ . . _ R e ta il t r a d e 6____ _. . . . . . . - _ _ ___ _ F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e 6. ____ S e r v i c e s 6 7 ________ . . _____ _____ _____ Studied N u m b er 11 E4 IE 16 5, E0, 6, 6, 100 500 600 500 P ercent 4, 1, 11, 3, 3, 9 8 3E 10 10 640 160 130 930 090 1 The San A n to n io S tandard M e tro p o lita n S ta t is tic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d by the B u re a u o f the B u dget th rou gh M a r c h 1965, c o n s is t s o f B e x a r and G uadalupe C o u n tie s . Th e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f stu d y " e s t im a t e s sh ow n in th is table p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f the s i z e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u r v e y . The e s t im a t e s a r e not in ten ded, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r l e v e ls s in c e ( l ) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f e s ta b lis lim e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in ad v a n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied , and (E) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d e d itio n o f the Standard I n d u s tria l C la s s ific a t io n M anual and the 1963 S u p p lem en t w e r e u s ed in c la s s if y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by in d u stry d iv is io n . 3 In clu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll o u tle ts (w ith in the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s tr ie s as tr a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o t io n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 In clu d e s a ll w o r k e r s in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total e m p lo y m e n t (w ith in the a r e a ) at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r t r a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e e x c lu d e d . San A n to n io 's e l e c t r i c , g a s , and tr a n s it s y s t e m s a r e m u n ic ip a lly o p e r a te d and a r e e x c lu d e d b y d e fin itio n fr o m the s c o p e o f the study. 6 T h is in d u stry d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and " n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s . S e p a ra te p r e s e n t a t io n o f d ata f o r this d iv is io n is not m a d e f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : ( l ) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv is io n is t o o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (E) the s a m p le w as not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t data. 7 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s (e x c lu d in g r e lig io u s and c h a r ita b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ); and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . T h e San A n to n io Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta t is tic a l A r e a w a s d e fin e d in 1961 a s B e x a r C ou n ty. T h e a r e a , as d e fin e d th rou gh M a r c h 1965, in c lu d e s the a d d itio n o f G uadalupe C ou n ty. T h is s u r v e y , c o n d u c te d in June 1966, is the f ir s t to in clu d e the a d d ed c cu n ty . G uadalupe C ou nty p r o v id e d le s s than E p e r c e n t o f the to ta l n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s in s c o p e o f th is s u r v e y . A lm o s t a ll o f the added w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n t s . B e c a u s e o f the n e g lig ib le e ffe c t o f the ch an ge in s c o p e , th is b u lle tin is lim it e d to data f o r the c o m b in e d c o u n tie s and no a ttem p t w a s m a d e to a d ju s t w a g e tr e n d s f o r th is f a c t o r . f ir m s . A b ou t t h r e e -t e n t h s o f the w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in B e x a r and G uadalupe C o u n ties w e r e e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g T h e fo llo w in g ta b le p r e s e n t s the m a jo r in d u s try g r o u p s and s p e c i fi c in d u s t r ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa ctu rin g : Industry g r o u p F o o d p r o d u c t s ____ ______ S p e c ific in d u s tr ie s _ ...................... _ ______ 37 13 M eat p r o d u c t s ________________ ___________________ IE Q 8 7 7 5 S e r v ic e in d u stry m a c h i n e s ..___________________ 5 T h is in fo r m a tio n is b a s e d on e s t im a t e s o f to ta l e m p lo y m e n t d e r iv e d f r o m u n iv e r s e m a t e r ia ls c o m p ile d p r i o r to a c tu a l s u r v e y . P r o p o r t io n s in v a r io u s in d u stry d iv is io n s m a y d iffe r fr o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d on the r e s u lt s o f the s u r v e y as show n in ta b le 1 a b o v e . 3 W age Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n t e d in ta b l e 2 a r e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s . F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , the p e r ce n ta g e s of ch ange r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k l y s a l a r i e s f o r n o r m a l h o u rs o f w o r k , that i s , the s t a n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u l e f o r w h i c h s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a la r ie s a re paid. F o r p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , t h e y m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , e x c l u d i n g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and la te s h i f t s . The p e r c e n t a g e s a r e b a s e d o n da t a f o r s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u p a t i o n s and i n c l u d e m o s t o f th e n u m e r i c a l l y i m p o r t a n t j o b s w it h in e a c h g r o u p . O ffice c le ric a l (m e n and w om en): B o o k k ee p in g -m ac h in e o p erato rs, class B C leiks, a c c o u n tin g , classes A and B C leiks, f ile , classes A , B, and C C leiks, o rd er C leiks, p ay ro ll C o m p to m eter operators K eypunch o perators, classes A and B O ffice boys and girls S ecretarie s S tenographers, g en e ra l S tenographers, senior S w itchboard o p erato rs, classes A and B T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o perators, class B T ypists, classes A and B A v e ra g e w eekly c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h o f the o r h o u rly earn ings w e r e the j o b s d u r i n g the p e r i o d Industrial nurses (m e n and w om en): N urses, in d u strial (reg istered ) S k ille d m a in te n a n c e (m en ): C arpenters E lectricia n s M achinists M echanics M echan ics (au to m o tiv e) P ainters P ip efitte rs T ool and d ie m akers U nskilled p la n t (m en ): Jan ito rs, po rters, and clean ers Laborers, m a te ria l h an d lin g s a la r ie s o r a v e ra g e h o u rly earn ings w e re se le cte d occu p ation s. The a v e ra g e s a la r ie s th e n m u l t i p l i e d b y e m p l o y m e n t in e a c h o f s u r v e y e d in 1961. T h e s e w eigh ted ea rn ings T a b le 2. f o r i n d i v i d u a l o c c u p a t i o n s w e r e th e n t o t a l e d t o o b t a i n an a g g r e g a t e f o r e a c h o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p . F i n a l l y , th e r a t i o ( e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t a g e ) o f the g r o u p a g g r e g a t e f o r th e o n e y e a r to the a g g r e g a t e f o r the o t h e r y e a r w a s c o m p u t e d and the d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n the r e s u l t and 100 is the p e r c e n t a g e o f c h a n g e f r o m th e o n e p e r i o d t o the o t h e r . The i n d e x e s w e r e c o m p u t e d b y m u l t i p l y i n g th e r a t i o s f o r e a c h g r o u p a g g r e g a t e f o r e a c h p e r i o d a f t e r th e b a s e y e a r ( 1 9 6 1 ) . T h e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e m e a s u r e , p r i n c i p a l l y , the e f f e c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and w a g e c h a n g e s ; (2) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i v i d u a l w o r k e r s w h i l e in th e s a m e j o b ; and (3) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e w a g e s due t o c h a n g e s in th e l a b o r f o r c e r e s u lt in g f r o m l a b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith differen t pay le v e ls . C h a n g e s in the l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in th e o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s w it h o u t a c t u a l w a g e c h a n g e s . F o r e x a m p l e , a f o r c e e x p a n s i o n m i g h t i n c r e a s e th e p r o p o r t i o n o f l o w e r p a i d w o r k e r s in a s p e c i f i c o c c u p a t i o n and l o w e r th e a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a r e d u c t i o n in the p r o p o r t i o n o f l o w e r p a i d w o r k e r s w o u l d h a v e the o p p o s i t e e f f e c t . S i m i l a r l y , the m o v e m e n t o f a h i g h - p a y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t out o f an a r e a c o u l d c a u s e the a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s to d r o p , e v e n th o u g h n o c h a n g e in r a t e s o c c u r r e d in o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the a r e a . D a ta a r e a d j u s t e d w h e r e n e c e s s a r y t o r e m o v e f r o m th e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d b y c h a n g e s in s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p l o y m e n t w e i g h t s e l i m i n a t e s the e f f e c t o f c h a n g e s in the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h j o b i n c l u d e d in the da ta . T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e r e f l e c t o n l y c h a n g e s in a verage pay fo r stra ig h t-tim e h ou rs. T h e y a r e not in flu e n ce d b y c h a n g e s in s t a n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u l e s , as s u c h , o r b y p r e m i u m p a y for ov ertim e. Indexes o f stan d a rd w eek ly salaries and s tra ig h t-tim e ho u rly earnings for s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n a l groups in S an A n to n io , T e x . , June 1966 an d June 1965, and p erce n ts o f in c rease for s e le c te d periods Indexes (M ay 1961=100) P ercen ts o f in crease Industry and o c c u p a tio n a l group June 1966 A ll industries: O ffice c le ric a l (m e n and w o m e n ) -------Industrial nurses (m e n and w o m e n ) -----S k illed m a in te n a n c e (m e n )------------------U n sk illed p la n t ( m e n ) -------------------------M anufacturing: O ffice c le ric a l (m e n and w o m e n ) -------Industrial nurses (m e n and w o m e n ) -----S k illed m a in te n a n c e ( m e n ) ----------------U n sk illed p la n t ( m e n ) -------------------------- D a ta do n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c rite ria . June 1965 June 1965 to June 1966 June 1964 to June 1965 5. 1 (X ) (X ) 3 .3 1 1 7 .9 1 1 4 .7 2 .7 (\) ( X) (X ) June 1963 to June 1964 M ay 1962 to June 1963 M ay 1961 to M ay 1962 2 .6 2 .9 3 .5 (X ) (X ) 3 .7 ( X) ( X) 2. 5 (M (M 2 .6 ( X) 3 .6 ( X) (M (M 0) 1 2 2 .9 1 1 7 .5 4 .5 (j) 1 1 3 .4 (M (!) (M (M (M (M 4 .4 ( ) (M (M (M (M (M 1 1 7 .8 1 1 4 .6 2 .8 3. 2 4 .2 3 .6 2 .9 ( |) 7 .1 2 .2 4 A. Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations— Men and Women (A v e r a g e st r a ig h t -t im e w ee k ly h o u r s and ea rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , San A n ton io, T e x . , June 1966) Weekly earnings * (standard) Number of S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n workers N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c eiv in g stra igh t -t im e w e e k ly ea rn in gs o f— $ Average weekly standard) $ 35 M ean 2 Median 2 Middle range 2 $ 40 $ * 45 50 $ * 55 60 $ 65 * 70 % 75 S S t 80 85 90 $ 95 $ 100 $ 105 $ 110 $ * 115 120 and und er 40 125 and 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 123 125 over l 1 2 1 1 2 M EN 71 25 46 4 0 .0 40. G $ 9 4 .0 0 $ 9 7 .5 0 $ $ 9 7 3 .5 0 - 1 0 8 .0 0 3^*00 3 . 100*50 1 CLERKSv ** 1 ACCOUNTING* CLASS A 13 2 * 1 1 26 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 5 6 .5 0 5 6 .5 0 5 7 .0 0 5 7 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 - 6 0 .5 0 5 2 . 5 0 - 6 0 .5 0 34 4 1 .0 6 3 .0 0 6 6 .0 0 51 45 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 6 0 .0 0 5 9 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 5 8 .0 0 5 2 . 0 0 - 7 2 .0 0 5 1 . 0 0 - 7 1 .5 0 29 25 4 0 .0 4 1 .0 7 8 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 8 0 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 7 5 .5 0 - 8 3 .5 0 7 1 . 5 0 - 8 3 .0 0 40. C 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 9 .0 0 6 5 .5 0 5 8 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 6 4 .5 0 5 4 .5 0 - 6 3 .0 0 5 8 . 5 0 - 7 2 .5 0 29 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 9 1 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 9 5 .5 0 9 1 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 1 0 2 .0 0 n c 7 3 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 6 2 .0 0 - 8 4 .0 0 1 1 l 34 147 '0 * 0 4 0 .5 7 4 .0 0 7 7 .0 0 6 4 .0 0 - 8 4 .5 0 1 1 45 44 4 0 .5 4 0 .5 6 3 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 - 6 6 .5 0 6 1 .5 0 - 6 6 .5 0 213 210 39. 5 3 9 .5 5 8 . CO 5 8 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 5 7 .5 0 5 4 .5 0 - 6 1 .5 0 5 4 .5 0 - 6 1 .5 0 1 07 1 'n 5 7 0 .5 0 6 9 .0 0 4 5 8 .5 0 - 6 8 .0 0 6 3 . 0 0 - 7 9 .5 0 6 1 . 0 0 - 7 6 .0 0 80 12 12 20 17 W EN OM BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING BILLERS* MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) NQNMANUF AC TUR I N G ---------— —— — 13 10 p b * 1 * BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, 22 14 8 1 ii.i' 1 3 8 1 1 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS* 2 77 40 2 37 86 CLERKS* FILE* CLASS B — CLERKS* FILE* CLASS C — ----- ----- — w wnn( , * * COMPTOMETER OPERATORS --------------------------- KEYPUNCH OPERATORS* CLASS A See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . t?" 11 8 0 .0 0 8 1 .0 0 8 1 .0 0 - 20 IT 8 40 5 1 _ 1 0 5 .0 0 1 0 3 .0 0 1 0 6 .5 0 18 16 6 19 12 1 1 16 15 14 31 26 28 12 10 27 25 83 60 93 31 y0 0 76 * o 7 7 .0 0 7A no 7 8 .0 0 6 3 .5 0 - 7 5 .5 0 6 9 . 5 0 - 8 3 .0 0 . 27 26 rr ; * 88 37 26 10 55 20 23 16 13 20 13 12 25 19 6 28 25 7 9 15 15 15 15 15 *J 7 1 .5 0 7<_.no 1 1 - 9 1 14 7 1 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 15 8 6 13 18 1 18 "n 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 106 j l . - - - - 3 28 27 - 5 - - - - - - - 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued (A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h ou rs and e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s stu d ied on an a re a b a s is by in d u str y d iv is io n , San A n ton io, T e x . , June 1966)1 3 * 1 Standard h o u r s r e f le c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s . The m ea n is co m p u te d fo r e a ch jo b by tota lin g the ea rn in g s o f a ll w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s . The m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s p o s it io n — h a lf o f the e m p lo y e e s su r v e y e d r e c e iv e m o r e than the ra te show n; h a lf r e c e iv e l e s s than the ra te show n. T he m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y 2 r a t e s o f pay; a fou rth o f the w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s than the lo w e r o f th ese ra te s and a fou rth e a r n m o r e than the h ig h er ra te . 3 T ra n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men (A verage straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, San Antonio, Tex. , June 1966) Weekly earnings1 (standard) O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Average weekly hours1 (standard) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c eiv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f— t 55 Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 1 2 $ » t * $ $ $ s s f $ «• ® 36 t t * '"0 c ? * ^0 S t * 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 1 10 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 1 00 105 110 1 15 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 10 ^ $ Standard hours r e fle ct the workweek fo r which em ployees re ce ive their regular straigh t-tim e salaries and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours. For definition o f te rm s, see footnote 2, table A - l . $ $ 60 111* 50 1 0 3 *5 0 59 DRAFT SMCN TRACERj $ $ and u n d er 60 f S $ Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and ea rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u stry d iv is io n , San A n to n io , T e x . , June 1966) Average O c c u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly Weekly earnings 1 (standard) (standard) Average O c c u p a tio n and in d u str y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly earnings 1 (standard) (standard) Weekly AO.O AO. 0 A O.O $ 7 3 .0 0 7 9 .0 0 7 0 .5 0 $ 6 A .5 0 C L E R K S , ORDER ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 84 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 6 0 .0 0 5 Q. 00 C L E R K S , P A YR O LL ------------------------------------M ANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 113 3A 79 A O .5 4 0 .5 AO, 0 4 0 .5 7 7 .0 0 7 9 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 COMPTOMETER OPERATORS -----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 83 A O.O 7 1 .0 0 68 40. C KEYPUNCH O P ER A TO R S, C L A S S A ----------NilNM ANUF AC T U R IN G ---------------------------- 1C6 94 KEYPUNCH O P ER A TO R S, C L A S S 8 ----------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 85 4 1 .0 B I L L E R S , MACHINE IB U O K K E E P IN G M ACHINE) ----------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 51 45 B O C K K EE P IN G -M A C H IN E O P ER A TO R S, C L A S S A ------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NUNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 7C 32 38 B 0 0 K K E E 0 IN G -M ACH IN E U P E P A TO R S, C L A S S B ------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NUNMANUE A C T U R IN G ------------------------------- 279 AC 239 4 0. 0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 9 .0 0 6 5 . 50 5 8 .0 0 C L E R K S , ACCO U N TIN G , C L A S S A -------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S 2--------------------------- 157 47 110 33 AO • 0 4 0 .0 AO, 0 AO. 0 9 2 .5 0 9 1 .0 0 9 3 .0 0 9 6 .5 0 C L E R K S , ACCO UN TIN G, C L A S S 8 -------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------n u n m a n u f a c t u r in g ------------------------------- 207 42 165 A O. 0 A O. 0 4 0 .5 7 A .5 0 7 A .0 0 7 A .5 0 C L E R K S . F I L E . C LA S S B --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------- 53 52 A O .5 A O .5 6 3 .5 0 6 3 .5 0 C L E R K S , F I L E , C L A S S C --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------- 213 210 39. 5 3 9 .6 5 8 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 . Weekly (standard) Weekly earnings (standard) 1 SWITCHBCARO OPERATORS, CLASS 8 -------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 79 78 4 3 .5 4 3 .5 5 3 .0 0 5 3 .0 0 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTION I ST SMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 124 29 95 4 0 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 6 7 .5 0 6 9 .0 0 6 7 .0 0 7 2 . CO T ABUL AT ING-MACHINfc OPERATORS, CLASS 3 ------------------------------------------------------. NUNM ANUF AC TUR IN G ---------------------------------------- 41 32 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 88.00 AO.O AO.O 8 1 .5 0 8 2 .5 0 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE UPERATORS, GENERAL ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 132 3 9 .5 6 3 .0 0 155 1 A3 AO.O AO.O 6 4 . 50 6 A .5 0 TYPISTS, CLASS A -----------------------------------------------NUNMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------- 87 83 4 0 .0 40. 0 6 6 .5 0 66. 50 O F F IC E ROYS AND G I R L S -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 101 95 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 5 7 . 50 5 7 .5 0 T Y P ISTS, CLASS B -----------------------------------------------NUNMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------- 2 92 2 88 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 5 9 .5 0 5 9 .5 0 S E C R E T A R IE S --------------------------------------------M ANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S 2------------------------ A 1A 71 3A3 AO AO.O AO.O A O .O AO.O 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 8 3 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 STEN O G R A P H ERS. GENERAL ---------------------M A N U F A C T U R IN G ---------------------------------N O N M AN UFACTURIN G---------------------------- 188 A9 139 AO.O A O.O AO.O 6 8 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 □RAFTSMEN, CLASS B ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------ 39 39 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 1 1 .5 0 1 1 1 .5 0 S TE N O G R A P H E RS, SEN IO R -----------------------M A N U F A C T U R IN G ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 67 30 37 4 0 .0 AO.O AO.O 8 7 .5 0 8 6 .5 0 8 9 .0 0 DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------ 50 36 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 6 5 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 29 55 4 0 .0 A O .5 7 1 .5 0 7 2 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 8 7 .5 0 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS Standard h o u r s r e f le c t the w o r k w e e k fo r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s and the e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . Number of workers OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED OFFICE OCCUPATIONS B I L L E R S , MACHINE ( B I L L I N G M ACHINE) ----------------------------------------------------- Average O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n 8 Table A- 4 . Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s fo r m en in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , San A n to n io , T e x . , June 1966) 1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , 2 F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a re a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , San A n to n io , T e x ,, June 1966) N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c giving s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly earn in gs of ---- Hourly earnings2 $ $ Number t $ * i workers ELEVATOR OPERATORS, PASSENGER ( WOMEN) -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------- 5b 51 GUAR US AND WATCHMEN-------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------NUNMANUFACTURING ------------------------- Mean3 Median3 Middle range3 .9* • 95 $ 1.2 2 1 .2 1 $ $ . 6 1 - 1.27 •5 9 — 1 . 2 6 161 88 73 1.6 0 1.56 1 .6 7 1 .5 6 1 .5 6 1.5 9 1 .3 6 1 .3 6 1 .3 2 - 1.95 1 .6 8 2.12 GUARDS: MANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 31 1.62 1.6 5 1 .3 9 - WATCHMEN: MANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 57 1.5 C 1.5 1 1 .3 5 - S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . $ .50 .6 0 .70 .80 .90 .50 O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n .40 .60 .70 .80 .90 1.0 0 9 9 4 4 9 - - ~ $ 1.1 0 $ 1.2 0 s 1. 3 0 $ 1.4 0 $ 1.5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1.7 0 s l.dO $ 1 .9 0 $ 2.0 0 2.2 0 S 2.6 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ t $ 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 1. 10 1 . 2 0 1.3 0 1. 6 0 1 .5 0 1.6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1.9 0 2.0 0 2.2 0 2.6 0 2 .6 0 2.8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 C 27 27 6 2 10 7 26 6 20 - _ _ - - - 3 8 ~ ~ “ “ $ 1.0 0 S and under 9 - _ 3.6 0 _ _ 2 3 1 - l 17 ~ ~ 2 3 1 " 1 9 39 26 15 4 4 16 16 2 21 20 1 9 5 4 1.69 3 5 - - 16 - 7 " - - - - ~ - 1.66 5 19 6 16 5 - 6 - ~ - - - - 3 6 3 - 9 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , San A n ton io, T e x ., June 1966) Hourly earnings2 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s of— Mean3 JANITORS* PORT tRS * AND CLEANERS-----MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 4--------------------------- bio $ 1.32 1.53 1.26 45 1 . 74 805 185 JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS (WOMEN) ------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 305 302 1.23 1.23 LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING -------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NON-MANUFACTURING-------------------------------- 579 173 406 1.55 1.61 ORDER FILLERS -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 471 96 3 75 1.55 1.60 PACKERS, SHIPPING -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------- 209 146 1.47 1.49 63 1.40 RECEIVING CLERKS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NUNMANUFACTURING ------------------------------- 109 44 1.96 1.94 65 2.01 TRUCKURIVERS5 -------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I ES 4--------------------------- 1,52 7 502 1,02 5 237 2.02 1.70 2.17 201 TRUCKHR IVfcKS, LIGHT ( UNDtR 1 - 1 / 2 TONS) -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 20 175 s $ t $ $ i $ * .8 0 .9 0 . 20 1 .3 0 % 1 .4 0 $ .7 0 $ l.iO s .6 0 $ 1.00 $ .5 0 1.5 0 1 .60 1 .7 0 1.8 0 1 .9 0 2.0 0 2 .2 0 2 .4 0 2 .6 0 2 .8 0 3.0 0 3 .2 0 .6 0 O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u str y d iv is io n .7 0 .8 0 .9 0 1.00 1.10 1.20 .30 1.4 0 1 .5 0 1.6 0 1.70 1 . 80 1 . 9 0 2.0 0 2.2 0 2 .4 0 2.6 0 2.8 0 3.0 0 3.2 0 3.4 0 350 13 33 7 2 129 66 63 3 65 18 47 13 50 34 16 4 17 3 14 1 2 35 21 14 14 ~ _ _ - - - - 13 35 i Number of 1.52 1.53 Median3 $ 1.28 1.46 1.2 6 1.69 1.25 1.2 5 1.38 1.51 1.3 7 1.4 3 1.58 1.4 1 Middle range3 $ 1 1 1 1 .2 .3 .2 .4 3 5 1 5 - S i s 15 15 24 6 11 12 27 15 15 24 6 11 12 27 _ _ - - 2 - 241 235 9 9 9 8 i 1 1 .3 2 1 .3 1 1 .3 2 - 1.73 1.80 1.50 98 40 58 231 28 203 63 18 45 21 13 8 12 6 6 32 26 6 10 5 5 11 9 2 49 24 25 1 .2 7 1 .3 8 1 .2 6 - 1.78 1.91 1.7 3 180 12 163 28 16 12 81 15 66 24 7 17 13 2 16 29 19 10 6 21 21 32 24 8 44 21 23 64 46 16 14 3 40 4C - 5 4 1 4 3 258 26 232 1 28 3 261 22 3 3 1 .3 5 1 .3 6 - 1.61 1.64 1.3 3 - 1.49 1.85 1.84 1.86 1 .7 2 1 .6 7 1 .7 4 - 2.27 2.08 2.32 1 1 1 2 - 2.57 1.78 2.77 3.36 91 39 52 3.13 1.73 1.57 2.21 3.33 1.53 1.43 1.53 1.44 1.45 1.44 1 .2 8 1 .3 5 1 .2 7 - 1.82 1.65 1.86 53 4 49 23 6 17 38 7 31 18 3 15 4 4 - 2 .ia 2 . 10 1 •80 2.24 1 .4 6 - 2.79 2.26 3.30 3.36 18 15 3 62 5 57 127 6 121 1 13 6 7 8 8 3.32 L .72 1 .4 5 2 .7 7 - 2.81 2.93 .4 .5 .4 .7 9 2 5 8 138 406 2.36 396 2.3 ° 2.52 2.54 1 .8 6 1 .8 6 - 189 1.73 1.60 1.63 1.49 1 .4 7 - 1.87 1 .4 1 - 1.83 D ata lim it e d to m en w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , se e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s i z e and type o f t r u c k o p e r a te d . 86 12 74 1 16 16 and la te sh ifts . 81 80 6 39 24 3 - 1 - - 3 3 1 1 - - - 9 9 1.28 1.45 1.46 1.41 o o i “ 1.28 TRUCKORIVERS, HEAVY (OVER A TUNS, TRAILER T Y P E ) ------------------------------- .-----NQNMANUF ACTURING------------------------- --— 12 11 1 .2 2 - 2.23 3 .1 1 1 2 3 4 5 31 17 14 4 1 .2 2 - 621 158 463 72 $ and u nd er $ 1.42 1.73 1.33 2.05 TRJCKURI VERS* MEDIUM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TO AND INCLUDING A TUNS) --------------------MANUFACTURING — ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I F S 4--------------------------- TRUCKERS, POWER ( F O R K L I F T ) ---------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 1 5 4 3 2 $ n 13 35 4 4 - - - _ - _ _ - - - - - 50 ~ - - - 6 ~ 34 4 30 10 10 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 7 1 6 5 5 - 98 39 6 33 2 - 50 - - 3 15 6 9 20 7 13 22 7 15 7 6 3 2 1 16 2 14 4 i 13 72 48 24 45 18 27 20 11 9 82 34 48 90 18 72 124 6 118 i ~ ~ “ ~ ~ 4 11 6 5 7 23 5 6 4 7 23 5 6 62 4b 14 3 3 38 32 6 58 18 40 22 6 16 “ ~ i “ 6 6 23 19 13 2 21 19 23 42 19 19 2 ~ 3 1 3 8 i 1 12 " l _ _ - i 3 - 98 65 _ - i _ 22 22 - _ 195 195 165 _ “ 65 - 3 - ~ 65 64 3 2 27 27 96 96 32 32 30 30 3 25 4 ~ “ “ ~ i _ 22 22 - 120 120 120 75 75 4 4 Appendix. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing m a chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The oper ation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers' ledger record. The m a chine autom atically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment's busi ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary 11 12 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards m aterial. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C. Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi fication system ( e . g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards m aterial; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER—Continued to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine ciedit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed, 'is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed m aterial. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR CLERK, ORDER Receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items Class A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data fiom various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application 13 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR—Continued STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc. , are referred to supervisor. OR OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as mnning errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accu racy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, e t c .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SECRETARY SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential m ail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. Class A . Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Per forms full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-tim e assignment. ("Full" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e .g . , because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which extensions are appropriate for c a lls .) STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) Class B. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform limited telephone information service. ("Limited" telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily under standable for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls are referred to another operator.) 14 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this woiker's time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing woric. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A . Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical account ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced oper ator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro cedures are w ell established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e t c ., with Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A woiker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming m ail. Class A . Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling , syllabication, punctu ation, etc. , of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B. Performs one or more of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e t c .; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already setup and spaced properly. 15 PROFESSIONAL DRAFTSMAN ND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of com plex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effe c t of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relation ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Com pleted work is reviewed by design originator for con sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by low er le v e l draftsmen. Class B. Performs nonroutine and com plex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech niques regularly used. Duties typ ica lly involve such work as: Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, m ultiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, w a ll sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths, stresses, etc. Receives in itial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Com pleted work is checked for technical adequacy. Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to c larify positioning of components and convey needed inform ation. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. MAINTENANCE Continued Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with in itial assignments. Instructions are less com plete when assignments recur. Work m ay be spot-checked during progress. DRAFTSMAN-TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing lim ited to plans prim arily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close d elin eatio n .) and/or Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items. is closely supervised during progress. Work NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edical direction to i ll or injured em ployees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en vironm ent, or other activities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of a ll personnel. A ND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and m aintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the follow ing: Plan ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter's handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 16 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued Performs a variety of e le ctrica l trade functions such as the in stallation, m aintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of e le c tric a l equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con trollers, circu it breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le ctrica l system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or e le ctrica l equipment; and using a variety of electrician's handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. a worker supplied with m aterials and tools; cleaning working area, m a chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding m aterials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, liftin g , and holding m a terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is perm itted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also perform ed by workers on a fu ll-tim e basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (m echanical or electrical) to supply the establishm ent in which em ployed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ven tilatin g and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and b oiler-fed w ater pumps;, making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or m illing machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing d ifficu lt machining operations; processing items requiring com plicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. M ay be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-indu:>try wage study purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom , in tool and die jobbing shops are e x cluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which em ployed with h eat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety v alves. May clean, o il, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by perform ing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of m etal parts of m echanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci fications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of m etal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common m etals; selecting standard m aterials, parts, and equipment re quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into m echanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work norm ally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a form al ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 17 MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) OILER Repairs autom obiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishm ent. Work involves most of the following; Examining automotive equipm ent to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and perform ing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto m otive m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of m echanical equipment of an establishment. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and m echanical equipm ent to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that m ainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacem ent part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for m ajor repairs; preparing w ritten specifications for m ajor repairs or for the pro duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making a ll necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a m aintenance m echanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose prim ary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or h eavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a va riety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipm ent, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipm ent such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m illw right's work norm ally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface p ecu li arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or fille r in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. M ay m ix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and ham m er or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or pow er-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes m eet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance p ip efitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and e x perience. Workers prim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system o f an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and e x perience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 18 TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipm ent and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) o f an establish m ent. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out a ll types of sh eet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating a ll availab le types of sh eet-m etalworking machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fittin g, and assembling; and installing sh eet-m etal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sh eet-m etal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instru ments, understanding of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of m etal parts during fab ri cation as w e ll as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate m aterials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die m aker; jig m aker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other m etal-form ing work. Work in- CUSTODIAL AND For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apart ment house, departm ent store, hotel, or sim ilar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a com bination of the following; Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polishing m etal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and m inor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, m aintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of em ployees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an o ffice, apartm ent house, or com m ercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker em ployed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various m aterials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing m aterials or merchandise in proper storage locati on; and transporting m a terials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. 19 ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers' orders, or other instructions. M ay, in addition to fillin g orders and in dicating items fille d or om itted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con tainer em ployed, and method of shipment. Woik requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the follow ing: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. TRUCKD RIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m a terials, merchandise, equipm ent, or men between various types of es tablishments such as: M anufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make m inor m echanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D river-salesm en and over-th e-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (T ractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of tra ile r c a p a c ity .) Truckdriver (com bination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1V2 tons) Tm ckdriver, medium (1V2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, h eavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) Tm ckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than traile r type) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK TRUCKER, POWER Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, availab le means o f transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file o f shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. R eceiving work involves: V erifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or m aterials to proper departments; and m aintaining necessary records and files. Operates a m anually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials of a ll kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Tm cker, power (forklift) Tm cker, power (other than forklift) For wage study purposes, woihers are classified as follows: WATCHMAN R eceiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving cleric Makes rounds of premises p eriod ically in protecting property against fire, theft, and ille g a l entry. Available On Request— The sixth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors of personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1469, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, T ech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1965. 45 cents a copy. Area Wage Surveys* A l i s t o f the la t e s t a v a ila b le b u lle tin s is p r e s e n te d b e lo w . A d i r e c t o r y in d ic a tin g d a tes o f e a r l i e r s tu d ie s , and the p r i c e s o f the b u lle tin s is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t . B u lle tin s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m the S u p erin ten d en t o f D o c u m e n ts , U. S. G o v e rn m e n t P r in tin g O ffic e , W a sh in gton , D. C . , 20402, o r f r o m any o f the B L S r e g io n a l s a le s o f f i c e s sh ow n on the in s id e fr o n t c o v e r . A rea B u lle tin n u m b er and p r ic e A rea B u lle tin n u m b er and p r ic e A k r o n , O h io , June 1965-----------------------------------------------------A lb a n y — c h e n e c ta d y — r o y , N. Y . , A p r . 1966 1________ S T A lb u q u e rq u e , N. M e x . , A p r . 1 9 6 6 1 ____________________ A lle n to w n — e th le h e m — a s to n , P a .— .J ., F e b . 1966 1 B E N __________________________________ A tla n ta , G a. , M ay 1966 1 B a lt im o r e , M d. , N o v . 1 9 6 5 ______________________________ B ea u m on t— o r t A r t h u r -O r a n g e , T e x ., M ay 1 9 6 6 * ___ P B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r . 1966___________________________ B o is e C ity , Idaho, J u ly 1 9 6 5 _____________________________ B o s to n , M a s s . , O ct. 1 9 6 5 1 ______________________________ 1 4 3 0 -7 8 , 1 4 6 5 -6 0 , 1 4 6 5 -6 4 , 1 4 6 5 -5 3 , 1 4 6 5 -7 1 , 1 4 6 5 -2 9 , 1 4 6 5 -6 3 , 1 4 6 5 -5 6 , 1 4 6 5 -1 , 1 4 6 5 -1 2 , 25 25 25 25 30 25 25 20 20 30 c e n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts M ilw a u k ee, W i s . , A p r . 1966------------------------------------------M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M in n ., Jan. 1 9 6 6 --------------------M u sk eg on — u sk e g o n H e ig h ts , M i c h ., M a y 1966 1______ M N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N. J. , F e b . 1966 1____________ New H aven, C o n n ., Jan. 1966 * ------------------------------------N ew O r le a n s , L a . , F e b . 1 9 6 6 ---------------------------------------N ew Y o r k , N. Y . , A p r . 1965 1 __________________________ N o r fo lk —P o r ts m o u th and N e w p o r t N ew s— H am pton, V a . , June 1965 1 ------------------------------------------O k la h om a C ity , O k la . , A u g. 1 9 6 5 --------------------------------- 1 4 6 5 -6 1 , 1 4 6 5 -3 8 , 1 4 6 5 -7 2 , 1 4 6 5 -5 0 , 1 4 6 5 -3 7 , 1 4 6 5 -4 7 , 1 4 3 0 -8 0 , 20ce n ts 25ce n ts 25ce n ts 30 ce n ts 25 ce n ts 20 ce n ts 40 ce n ts 1 4 3 0 -7 7 , 1 4 6 5 -5 , 25ce n ts 20ce n ts B u ffa lo , N. Y . , D e c . 1965_________________________________ B u rlin g to n , V t. , M a r . 1 9 6 6 ______________________________ C an ton , O h io , A p r . 1966 1 -----------------------------------------------C h a r le s to n , W. V a . , A p r . 1966 1 ________________________ C h a r lo tte , N. C . , A p r . 1966 1------------------------------------------C h a tta n o o g a , T e n n .— a. , S ep t. 1 9 6 5 ___________________ G C h ic a g o , 111., A p r . 1 9 6 6 1-------------------------------------------------C in cin n a ti, O hio— y. — K Ind. , M a r . 1966 1-----------------------C le v e la n d , O h io , S ep t. 1965---------------------------------------------C o lu m b u s , O h io, O ct. 1965_______________________________ D a lla s , T e x . , N o v . 1 9 6 5 _________________________________ 1 4 6 5 -3 6 , 1 4 6 5 -5 4 , 1 4 6 5 -5 8 , 1 4 6 5 -7 0 , 1 4 6 5 -6 7 , 1 4 6 5 -7 , 1 4 6 5 -6 8 , 1 4 6 5 -5 7 , 1 4 6 5 -8 , 1 4 6 5 -1 5 , 1 4 6 5 -2 4 , 25 20 25 25 25 20 30 25 25 25 25 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts 1 4 6 5 -1 3 , 1 4 6 5 -7 6 , 1 4 6 5 -3 5 , 1 4 6 5 -6 2 , 1 4 6 5 -4 6 , 1 4 6 5 -2 3 , 1 4 6 5 -7 3 , 25 ce n ts 25 ce n ts 35 ce n ts 25ce n ts 25ce n ts 25 ce n ts 25 ce n ts D a v e n p o rt— o c k Isla n d— o lin e , Iow a— R M 111. , O ct. 1965__________________________________________________ D ayton , O h io , Jan. 1966 1-------------------------------------------------D e n v e r, C o l o . , D e c . 1 9 6 5 1 ---------------------------------------------D es M o in e s , Iow a, F e b . 1966 1__________________________ D e tr o it, M i c h ., Jan. 1 9 6 6 -----------------------------------------------F o r t W orth , T e x . , N ov . 1965____________________________ G r e e n B a y, W is . , A u g. 1965-------------------------------------------G r e e n v ille , S. C . , M ay 1966 1_____________________________ H ou ston , T e x . , June 1965-------------------------------------------------In d ia n a p o lis , I n d ., D e c . 1965 1---------------------------------------- O m ah a, N e b r . — Iow a , O ct. 1965 1 _______________________ P a t e r s o n — lift o n — a s s a ic , N. J. , M ay 1966 1 C P ---------------P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . — J. , N ov. 1965 1__________________ N. P h o e n ix , A r i z . , M a r . 1966 1------------------------------------------P itts b u rg h , P a . , Jan. 1966---------------------------------------------P o r tla n d , M a in e, N ov. 1965 1----------------------------------------P o r tla n d , O r e g . —W ash . , M ay 1966 1------------------------------P r o v id e n c e —P a w tu ck et—W a rw ick , R . I . — a s s . , M M ay 1 9 6 6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------R a le ig h , N. C . , S ep t. 1965 1-------------------------------------------R ich m o n d , V a . , N o v . 1965 * ____________________________ R o c k fo r d , 111., M ay 1966 1----------------------------------------------- 1 4 6 5 -6 5 , 1 4 6 5 -1 0 , 1 4 6 5 -2 8 , 1 4 6 5 -6 6 , 25ce n ts 25 ce n ts 30 ce n ts 25ce n ts 14 6 5- 16, 1 4 6 5 -3 9 , 1 4 6 5 -3 3 , 1 4 6 5 -4 8 , 1 4 6 5 -4 5 , 1 4 6 5 -2 6 , 1 4 6 5 -4 , 1 4 6 5 -7 4 , 1 4 3 0 -8 2 , 1 4 6 5 -3 1 , 20 25 30 25 25 20 20 25 25 30 ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts ce n ts St. L o u is , M o . — 111., O ct. 1965--------------------------------------Salt L ake C ity , Utah, D e c . 1 9 6 5 ________________________ San A n to n io , T e x . , June 1965 1_________________________ San B e r n a r d in o — iv e r s id e — n ta rio , C a lif. , R O Sept. 19 6 5 1-----------------------------------------------------------------------San D ie g o , C a l i f . , N ov . 1 9 6 5 ----------------------------------------San F r a n c i s c o — akland , C a l i f . , Jan. 1966 1------------------O San J o s e , C a l i f . , S ep t. 1965 1___________________________ Savannah, G a. , M a y 1966 1----------------------------------------------S cra n to n , P a . , A u g . 1965 1______________________________ S ea ttle— v e r e t t, W a s h ., O ct. 1965 1----------------------------E 1 4 6 5 -2 2 , 1 4 6 5 -3 2 , 1 4 3 0 -8 1 , 25ce n ts 20ce n ts 25ce n ts 1 4 6 5 -2 0 , 1 4 6 5 -2 1 , 1 4 6 5 -4 3 , 1 4 6 5 -1 9 , 1 4 6 5 -6 9 , 1 4 6 5 -3 , 1 4 6 5 -9 , 30c e n ts 20ce n ts 30ce n ts 25 c e n ts 25 ce n ts 25 c e n ts 30ce n ts Siou x F a lls , S. D a k ., O ct. 1965 *----------------------------------South B en d, I n d ., M a r. 1966 1__________________________ Sp okan e, W ash . , June 1966______________________________ T o le d o , O h io—M ich . , F e b . 1966------------------------------------T re n to n , N. J. , D e c . 1 9 6 5 _______________________________ W a sh in gton , D. C . —M d. — a . , O ct. 1 9 6 5 _______________ V W a te rb u ry , C o n n ., M a r . 19 6 6 1________________________ W a t e r lo o , Iow a , N ov . 1 9 6 5 ______________________________ W ich ita , K a n s. , O ct. 1965_______________________________ W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , June 1 9 6 5 __________________________ Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1966 1__________________________________ Y ou n gstow n —W a r r e n , O h io, N ov. 1965 1 ______________ 1 4 6 5 -1 7 , 1 4 6 5 -5 5 , 1 4 6 5 -7 5 , 1 4 6 5 -4 9 , 1 4 6 5 -3 4 , 1 4 6 5 -1 4 , 1 4 6 5 -5 2 , 1 4 6 5 -1 8 , 1 4 6 5 -1 1 , 1 4 3 0 -7 6 , 1 4 6 5 -4 0 , 1 4 6 5 -2 5 , 25 ce n ts 25ce n ts 20ce n ts 20ce n ts 20ce n ts 25ce n ts 25 ce n ts 20ce n ts 20 ce n ts 25ce n ts 25 ce n ts 25ce n ts J a c k s o n , M i s s . , F e b . 1966 1_____________________________ 1 4 6 5 -4 4 , 25 ce n ts J a c k s o n v ille , F l a . , Jan. 1 9 6 6 ___________________________ 1 4 6 5 -4 1 , 20 ce n ts K a n sa s C ity , M o .- K a n s . , N ov . 1 9 6 5 1 _________________ 1 4 6 5 -2 7 , 30 ce n ts L a w r e n c e — a v e r h ill, M a s s . — H . , June 1965________ 1 4 3 0 -7 5 , 20 ce n ts H N. L ittle R o ck — orth L ittle R o c k , A r k . , A u g. 1965______ 1 4 6 5 -6 , N 20 ce n ts L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a ch and A n a h eim — Santa A n a G a rd e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r. 1966 * ___________________ 1 4 6 5 -5 9 , 30 ce n ts L o u is v ille , K y . — Ind. , F e b . 1966________________________ 1 4 6 5 -5 1 , 20 ce n ts L u b b o ck , T e x . , June 1 9 6 5 ________________________________ 1 4 3 0 -7 3 , 20 ce n ts M a n c h e s te r , N. H. , A u g. 1965___________________________ 1 4 6 5 -2 , 20 ce n ts M e m p h is , T e r m .— r k . , Jan. 1966 1_____________________ 1 4 6 5 -4 2 , 30 ce n ts A M ia m i, F l a . , D e c . 1965 1-------------------------------------------------- 1 4 6 5 -3 0 , 25 ce n ts M id la n d and O d e s s a , T e x ----------------------------- --------------------- (Not previously surveyed) 1 D ata on establishm ent practices and supplem entary w age provisions are also presented. * Bulletins dated before July 1965 were e n title d "O ccupational Wage Surveys."