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3 . •£. 3 Area Wage Survey ^oso.^ p0Ughkeepsie, New York, Metropolitan Area, June 1979 Preface This bulletin provides results of a June 1979 survey of occupational earnings in the Poughkeepsie, New York, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. The survey was made as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' annual area wage survey program. It was conducted by the Bureau's regional office in New York, N .Y ., under the general direction of Anthony J. Ferrara, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations. The survey could not have been accomplished without the cooperation of the many firm s whose wage and salary data provided the basis for the statistical information in this bulletin. The Bureau wishes to express sincere appreciation for the cooperation received. M a t e r ia l in th is p u b lic a tio n is in th e p u b lic d o m a in and m a y b e r e p r o d u c e d w ith o u t p e r m i s s i o n o f th e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t. P le a s e c r e d it the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s and c it e th e n a m e and n u m b e r o f th is p u b lic a tio n . Note: Current reports on occupational earnings in the Poughkeepsie— Kingston— Newburgh area are available for the laundry and dry cleaning (June 1979) and moving and storage (June 1979) industries. Free copies of these are available from the Bureau's regional offices. (See back cover for addresses.) Area Wage Survey Poughkeepsie, New York, Metropolitan Area, June 1979 U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary Contents Page In troduction ___________________________________________ 2 Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood Commissioner November 1979 Bulletin 2050-34 Fo r sa le by the S u pe rin te n d e n t of D o c u m ents. U S G o v e rn m e n t P rin tin g O ffice. W a sh in g to n D C 20402. G P O B o o k sto re s, or B L S R e g io n a l O ffic e s liste d on b a ck cove r Digitized for 50 M ake c h e c k s p a ya b le to S u p e r P ric e $1 FRASER in te n de n t of D ocu m e n ts http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis T a b le s : E a rn in gs, a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts : A - l . W eekly e a rn in g s o f o f fic e w o r k e r s ______ A -2 . W eekly ea rn in g s o f p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ica l w o r k e r s ___________________ A -3 . A v e ra g e w e e k ly ea rn in gs o f o ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ica l w o r k e r s , b y s e x _____ A -4 . H ou rly ea rn in g s o f m a in ten a n ce, to o lr o o m , and p ow erp la n t A -5, A -6 . A -l. A -8. A -9 . H ou rly ea rn in gs of m a te r ia l m ov em en t and cu s to d ia l w o r k e r s ______ A v e ra g e h o u rly ea rn in g s o f m a in ten a n ce, to o lr o o m , p o w e r plant, m a t e r ia l m ov em en t, and cu sto d ia l w o r k e r s , b y s e x _____________ P e r c e n t in c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e h ou rly ea rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g r o u p s _____________________ A v e ra g e pay re la tio n s h ip s within es ta b lis h m e n ts f o r w h it e -c o lla r w o r k e r s ________________ A v e ra g e pay re la tio n s h ip s w ithin es ta b lis h m e n ts f o r b lu e - c o lla r w o r k e r s _________________ 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Page A p p en d ix A. A p p en d ix B . S co p e and m ethod o f s u r v e y _________ 11 O ccu p a tio n a l d e s c r ip tio n s ___________ 14 Introduction This area is 1 of 72 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related benefits. (See list of areas on inside back cover.) In each area, earnings data for selected occupations (A -s e r ie s tables) are collected annually. Information on establishment practices and supplementary wage benefits (B -s e r ie s tables) is obtained every third year. This report has no B -s e r ie s tables. m a n u fa c tu r in g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . T h e o c c u p a t io n s a r e d e fin e d in A p p e n d ix B. F o r th e 31 l a r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s , t a b le s A - 10 th r o u g h A - 15 p r o v id e s im il a r data f o r e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e . T a b le A - 7 p r o v id e s p e r c e n t c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , e l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , s k ille d m a in te n a n c e tr a d e s w o r k e r s , a n d u n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s . W h e r e p o s s i b l e , data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll in d u s t r ie s a nd f o r m a n u f a c tu r in g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g s e p a r a t e ly . D a ta a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d f o r s k ille d m a in te n a n c e w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g b e c a u s e th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in th is o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p in n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g is t o o s m a ll to w a r r a n t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n ta t io n . T h is ta b le p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e o f w a g e t r e n d s a ft e r e lim in a t io n o f c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s c a u s e d b y e m p l o y m en t s h ift s a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts a s w e l l a s t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s in c lu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p le s . F o r fu r t h e r d e t a i l s , s e e a p p e n d ix A . Each year after all individual area wage surveys have been co m pleted, two summary bulletins are issued. The first brings together data for each metropolitan area surveyed; the second presents national and regional estim ates, projected from individual metropolitan area data, for all Standard Metropolitan Statistical A reas in the United States, excluding Alaska and Hawaii. A major consideration in the area wage survey program is the need to describe the level and movement of wages in a variety of labor m arkets, through the analysis of (1) the level and distribution of wages by occupation, and (2) the movement of wages by occupational category and skill level. The program develops information that may be used for many purposes, including wage and salary administration, collective bargaining, and assistance in determining plant location. Survey results also are used by the U.S. Depart ment of Labor to make wage determinations under the Service Contract Act of 1965. T a b le s A - 8 and A - 9 p r o v id e f o r th e f i r s t t im e m e a s u r e s o f a v e r a g e p a y r e la t io n s h ip s w ith in e s t a b lis h m e n t s . T h e s e m e a s u r e s m a y d iffe r c o n s id e r a b ly f r o m the p a y r e la t io n s h ip s o f o v e r a l l a v e r a g e s p u b lis h e d in ta b le s A - l th r o u g h A - 6 . S e e a p p e n d ix A f o r d e t a ils . A p p e n d ix e s A -s e r ie s tables A p p e n d ix A d e s c r i b e s th e m e t h o d s and c o n c e p t s u s e d in th e a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m a nd p r o v id e s i n fo r m a t io n on th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . Tables A - l through A -6 provide estimates of straight-tim e weekly or hourly earnings for workers in occupations common to a variety of A p p e n d ix B p r o v id e s jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s p r e s e n t a t iv e s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s b y o c c u p a t io n . 2 u sed by B u rea u fie ld re E a rn in g s Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 W eek ly earnings (standard) N um ber O c c u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d i v is i o n workers A verage w eek ly hours 1 (standard) M ean 2 M edian 2 * NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING M iddle range 2 STRAIGHT--TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) 240 250 260 270 290 310 330 350 240 250 260 270 290 310 330 350 370 3 5 4 4 2 - - - ~ 8 8 - — 1 1 _ _ - _ 1 1 - - ~ - 1 1 - - 4 1 1 120 130 14 0 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 130 140 15 0 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 2 30 1 110 AND UNDER 120 OF — 230 2 20 1 3 5 2 4 1 1 2 2 2 - - - - 1 - ' ' ~ 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 - 3 3 “ 4 4 * 4 4 “ 2 2 1 1 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 - - - - - - - 3 2 3 3 7 6 1 1 _ 3 2 3 3 6 1 1 - secretaries: N0NMANUFACTURIN6.. . . . . . . . . ................ 39 39.0 $ 23 1.5 0 $22 5.0 0 $ 1 7 1 .0 0 - $ 28 3.0 0 - SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS..................... NONMANUF ACTURING........................ .. ................. 20 17 39.5 39.5 2 19 .50 217.50 2 34 .50 266.50 1 5 9 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 - 2 81.50 2 81 .50 “ 2 2 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORREC EP TI O NI ST S........................................................... MANUFACTURING.......................................... .. 23 16 3 8.5 38.0 1 53 .50 157.00 152.50 152.50 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .5 0 - 168 .00 167 .00 2 ~ 5 4 ACCOUNTING CLERKS.................. ............................... MANUFACTURING..................................................... N0NMANUFACTURIN6.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 34 18 39.5 3 9.5 40.0 185.50 2 0 3 .00 153.00 177.00 207.00 1 5 1 .00 1 5 2 .0 0 1 7 9 .5 0 1 43 .00 - 2 10 .00 2 3 2 .50 1 66 .50 - - 3 - - - “ ACCOUNTING CLERKS* CLASS A . . . . . . . MANUFACTURING............................................ . 25 216.00 222.50 2 1 0 .00 218.50 2 0 7 .0 0 2 0 7 .0 0 - 235 .00 244 .00 - _ 2 2 39.0 39.0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS* CLASS B............... NONMANUFACTURING........................ 27 15 40.0 4 0.0 157.50 1 4 9 .50 1 5 3 .00 1 46 .00 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 3 .0 0 - 167 .50 1 58.00 _ 1 1 2 2 6 4 2 - 2 1 10 4 6 4 i 3 5 2 3 7 3 - - 1 1 - - 2 3 2 _ - 4 3 3 1 3 2 9 7 2 1 5 5 4 40.0 40.0 2 0 6 .00 2 0 4 .00 2 10 .00 213.50 1 6 0 .0 0 1 61 .00 - 2 5 6 .00 2 28 .00 ~ 1 - KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A . . . . . MANUFACTURING............................................ 34 28 40.0 40.0 218.50 212.00 2 1 9 .00 217.00 1 7 1 .5 0 1 7 0 .5 0 - 2 55 .00 2 37 .00 - _ - - - - KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. 19 183 .50 1 55 .00 1 4 9 .5 0 - 2 40 .00 1 2 CLASS B ..... O 53 34 o 10 6 2 - - 3 3 _ - KEY ENTRY O P E R A T O R S . . .............................. ... MANUFACTURING.. .................................... .. 2 - 3 ~ 4 - 1 1 3 4 2 1 - 4 - 2 1 3 3 1 1 ~ ~ 2 1 - 3 - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 7 2 3 3 1 1 4 1 - _ _ - 2 2 3 3 1 1 4 - 1 ** “ “ 3 3 5 1 ' Se e f o o t n o t e s a t e n d o f t a b l e s . _ 1 - 4 4 4 - 2 2 1 5 2 5 ' - _ - * ~ Table A - 2 . W e e kly earnings of professional and te c h n ic a l workers, Poughkeepsie, N .Y., June 1979 W e e k ly earnings 1 (standard) O c c u p a t i o n an d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Num ber of workers A v era g e w eek ly hours 1 (standard] M ean ^ M edian 2 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT -TIME OF— M id d le range 2 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 2 90 300 310 330 350 370 3 90 410 430 450 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 330 350 370 390 410 430 450 470 4 4 1 1 5 5 - 3 3 1 1 9 9 3 6 6 3 2 27 6 4 4 1 1 8 8 2 2 5 - - 3 1 - 3 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 1 1 4 4 2 2 _ _ 2 - _ - - - - - - - 4 4 3 2 2 2 1 - _ _ _ - - - - ~ - 5 - - - 22 1 - - - ~ - - 1 1 - ~ 1 - 5 1 1 - - - - - 39.5 40.0 < 28 6.0 0 2 6 7 .50 < 28 8.0 0 264.00 DRAFTERS. CLASS B................................... ... M A N U F A C T U R I N G . . .. . ...................................... 31 29 39.5 39.5 2 7 7 .00 2 69 .00 276 .00 270.00 2 4 0 .0 0 2 4 0 .0 0 - 3 08 .00 298 .00 - _ - - DRAFTERS. CLASS C ........................................... M A N U F A C T U R I N G . . .. . ...................................... NA 16 38.5 4 0.0 274.00 231 .00 288 .00 243 .00 2 5 0 .0 0 1 9 5 .5 0 - 288 .00 2 52 .00 4 4 1 1 _ _ - - 2 2 15 4 0 .0 256.00 2 70.00 2 1 1 .5 0 - 294.00 1 2 1 1 - See f o o t n o t e s DOLLARS) 200 9D 57 N U R S E S ....... (IN 190 DRAFTERS.......................................................................... MANUFACTURING.................................................... REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL WEEKLY EARNINGS 180 AND UNDER 190 < 2 4 9 . 5 0 —< 3 0 4 . 0 0 2 4 0 .0 0 - 295 .00 _ 4 4 - _ 4 at en d o f t a b l e s . Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex. Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 A verage O ccupation, s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n (m e a n 2 ) of W eek* W e e k ly hours (standard) O ccu pation , s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n (standard) earn in gs1 OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN s e c r e t a r ie s N um ber N um ber workers O F F IC E O C C U P A T IO N S W OM EN— : of workers W eek ly hours1 (standard) W e e k ly CLERKS - CLASS A............... 21 ACCOUNTING CLERKS* CLASS B ...................... 2 5 et 34 AO . 0 34 4 0 .0 2 1 8 .5 0 o o 46 3 9 .5 1 8 7 .0 0 3 3 3 9 .5 • • 55 3 9 .5 40.0 < 28 6.5 0 268 .50 31 29 39.5 39.5 277.00 269.00 DRAFTERS. CLASS C......................................... MANUFACTURING..*. 26 1 5 3 9.5 4 0.0 267.00 231.00 15 40.0 2 56 .00 1 5 8 .5 0 2 0 7 .0 0 M A N U F A C T U R IN G ......... . . . . . . . . . 2 0 1 • 5 0 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A .... 28 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN 2 1 2 .0 0 REGISTERED KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. S ee f o o t n o t e s CLASS at en d o f t a b l e s . 71 2 0 4 .0 0 3 9 .0 1 5 3 .5 0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS................................................. W e e k ly earnings1 (standard) < 2 2 1 .0 0 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR1 5 7 .0 0 hours (standard) DRAFTERS................ ..................................................................... MANUFACTURING• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • C O N T IN U E D ACCOUNTING CLERKS* 3 8 .0 W e e k ly of workers PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN - C O N T IN U E D 2 1 9 .5 0 16 s e x . 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n DRAFTERS. CLASS 6 .......................................................... M A N U F A C T U R IN G .................. A C C O U N T IN G 3 9 .5 O ccupation, earnings1 (standard) < 2 3 3 .0 0 2 0 A v e ra g e (m e a n 2 ) A v e ra g e (m e a n 2 ) N u m b er 4 B .... 1 8 4 0 .0 1 8 5 .5 0 INDUSTRIAL NURSES................ _ - T a b le A - 4 . H ourly e a rn in g s of m aintenance, toolroom , and pow erplant workers, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., Ju n e 1979 Hourly earnings O ccu p a tion and in d u stry d i v is i o n 4 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT -T IM E Number of Mean 2 M e d ia n 2 MAINTENANCE E L EC T RI CI AN S.............................. MANUFACTURING.-................................................ 37 29 * 7 .6 5 7 .1 0 * 8 .0 0 6 .6 5 * 6 .1 5 6 .1 0 - * 8 .9 9 8 .0 0 MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS.................................... M A N U F A C T U R I N G . . . . . . . ..................... 52 52 7 .6 0 7 .6 0 8 .0 0 8 .0 0 6 .6 5 6 .6 5 - 8 .0 0 8 .0 0 DOLLARS) OF— 9 . 6 01 0 . 0 0 1 0 . 40 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR V E H IC L E S ) .................................................. PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ....................................... 61 59 7 .6 0 7 .5 9 7 .0 0 7 .0 0 6 .7 5 6 .5 6 - 9 .4 4 9 .4 4 2 2 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS............................................. MANUFACTURING........................................ 86 86 7 .7 6 7 .7 6 7 .6 7 7 .6 7 6 .8 2 6 .8 2 - 8 .6 4 8 .6 4 - 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6 .4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 7 .0 0 7 .2 0 7 . 40 7 . 60 7 .8 0 8 .0 0 8 .2 0 8 .4 0 8 .6 0 8 .8 0 9 .2 0 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6 .4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 7 .0 0 7 .2 0 7 .4 0 7 . 60 7 . 80 8 .0 0 8 .2 0 8 .4 0 8 .6 0 8 .8 0 9 .2 0 9 . 6 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 . 4 0 1 0 . 80 ~ 6 6 “ 5 5 1 1 “ - 9 9 - - 1 1 1 1 2 2 13 13 - 4 _ 4 * 4 1 1 - 4 1 1 4 5 4 4 18 14 7 12 12 “ See fo o tn o te s (IN 4 4 5 .2 0 5 .4 0 A NO UNDER 5 .4 0 5 .6 0 M iddle range 2 HOURLY EARNINGS - - - 4 4 8 8 - - - - 7 1 1 20 20 2 2 17 17 * 1 4 4 1 1 - - _ 2 2 1 1 - 18 18 4 ” - - - - 9 1 - - - - 1 - - 2 2 - 7 7 3 3 4 8 8 7 7 7 7 5 5 2 2 1 1 1 1 at en d o f t a b l e s . Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 Hourly earnings O ccu p a tion and in dustry d iv is io n 4 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME Number of M ean 2 M e d ia n 2 M iddle range 2 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 AND UNDER 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 TRUCKDRI V E R S . . .................................................. ... 41 * 5 .6 8 * 5 .5 7 * 5 .0 0 - * 6 .7 8 _ WAREHOUSEMEN................................................................ 37 4 .6 9 4 .4 8 4 .3 4 - 5 .4 0 - 3 MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS........................ MANUFACTURING........................... ......................... 95 95 5 .2 3 5 .2 3 5 .3 0 5 .3 0 4 .9 2 4 .9 2 - 5 .9 8 5 .9 8 - 79 74 5 .4 2 5 .3 8 5 .5 8 5 .5 8 5 .4 1 5 .1 8 - 6 .0 5 6 .1 2 J A N I T O R S . PORTERS. AND CLEANERS-------MANUFACTURING.......................... .. 248 73 4 .0 3 4 .8 3 3 .8 0 4 .8 0 3 .3 0 4 .0 0 - 4 .4 2 5 .2 8 Se e f o o t n o t e s - 5 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5.2 0 5 . 40 5 .6 0 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6 .4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 7 .0 0 7 .2 0 7 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0 5 .2 0 5 .40 5 . 60 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6 .4 0 6 .6 0 6 .8 0 7 .0 0 7 .2 0 7 .4 0 7 .6 0 - - 10 2 _ 4 - 5 2 5 - - - - - - - 1 1 - - 3 1 - 20 5 4 4 4 4 4 20 6 5 22 8 2 2 6 1 15 15 5 5 4 9 1 8 4 21 - 2 2 2 1 8 8 12 12 - _ - - 1 1 - 4 4 1 - 2 8 - at e n d o f t a b l e . OF— 3 .8 0 8 8 88 8 DOLLARS) 3 .6 0 4 - (IN 3 .4 0 8 8 FORKLIFT OPERATORS................................................ MANUFACTURING............................................ ... HOURLY EARNINGS 2 2 1 1 29 29 3 20 19 2 12 10 - - 3 - - 7 7 5 - 6 6 11 11 1 1 15 12 1 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 - - 32 32 “ 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers. by sex, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 O ccupation, s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of A verage (m ea n 2 ) hourly earnings4 O ccu pation , BAINTE NANCE• TOOLROOB. AND POUERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - BEN HAINTENANCE ELECT RICI AN S .......................... BANUFACTURING................................................. s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers A verage (m e a n 2 ) hourly earnings4 BATERIAL BOVEBENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - BEN 36 $ 4.6 9 HANDLING LABORERS..................... 95 95 5 .2 3 5 .2 3 FORKLIFT OPERATORS........................................... BANUFACTURING................................................ 29 79 74 5 .4 2 5 .3 8 J AN IT O RS . PORTERS. AND C L E A N E R S . . . BANUFACTURING................................................ 183 66 4 .1 1 4 .7 7 7 .1 0 BATERIAL maintenance: m a c h i n i s t s , . . ....................... BANUFACTURING................................................. 52 7 .6 0 BAINTENANCE BECHANICS (BOTOR V EH IC LE S ! .............................................. PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ................................... 61 54 7 .6 0 7 .5 9 TOOL AND DIE BAKERS......................................... BANUFACTURING................................................. 86 86 7 .7 6 7 .7 6 See f o o t n o t e s at end o f t a b l e s . 6 Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups. Poughkeepsie, N.Y., for selected periods Jun e 1977 to June 1978 June 197 8 to June 197 9 June 1975 to June 1976 Ju ne 1976 to Ju ne 1977 A ll in du stries: O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ____ __ _________________ __ _____ ___ E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g . . . ____ . . . . _______ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ___________________________________ . . S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s _____________________________ U n s k i l l e d pl a n t w o r k e r s ____________________ ________ (‘ ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) 5 .3 (‘ ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) 6.7 (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (‘ ) 2 .6 6 .6 6.2 M anufacturing: O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ E l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g _____________________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s _______________________________________ S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s _____________________________ U n s k i l l e d pl a nt w o r k e r s _________________________________ (6) (6) (6 ) (6 ) 3 .7 (6 ) (6) (6) (6 ) 8.1 (6) (6 ) (6) (6 ) 6 .0 (6) (6) (‘ ) (6) 8.5 N on m an u factu rin g: O f f i c e c l e r i c a l . ____________________________ ___________ E l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g ____ ______________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s __________________________ - ______________ U n s k i l l e d p l a n t w o r k e r s _________________________________ (6 ) ( ) (6 ) (6 ) (*) ( ) (6) (6) C) (6 ) (6 ) (! ) (6 ) (6) I n d u s t r y a nd o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p 5 See fo o tn o te s a t end o f t a b l e s . 7 (6) (‘ ) (6 ) (M (b ) Table A-8. Average pay relationships within establishments for white-collar occupations, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 O ffic e c l e r i c a l o cc u p a tio n b eing c o m p a r e d — O c c u p a t i o n w h i c h e q u a l s 100 A cc o u n tin g clerks Sw itchboard operators K ey entry operators Sw itchboard op era tor-recep tionists Class A SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS........................ SWITCHBOARD OPERATORRECEPTIONISTS............................................ ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A . . . . ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B . . . . KEY FNTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A . . KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B . . Class B Class A 100 12 9 125 132 10 0 10 0 102 100 127 Class B 100 (6 ) (6) (6 ) 92 (6) 100 72 10 1 95 98 100 P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n b e i n g c o m p a r e Drafters R egistered industrial nurses Class B DRAFTERS. CLASS B ................................... DRAFTERS. CLASS C ................................... REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NU RS ES .. Class C 100 118 102 100 84 100 S e e fo o t n o t e at e n d o f t a b l e s . NOTE: T a b l e s A - 8 and A - 9 p r e s e n t the a v e r a g e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n p a i r s o f o c c u p a t i o n s w it h i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . F o r e x a m p l e , a v a l u e o f 122 i n d i c a t e s that e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y a b o v e in the h e a d i n g a r e 22 p e r c e n t g r e a t e r than e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y to the l e f t i n the st u b . S i m i l a r l y , a v a l u e o f 85 i n d i c a t e s e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n i n the h e a d i n g a r e 15 p e r c e n t b e l o w e a r n i n g s f o r th e o c c u p a t i o n in the st ub . See appendix A fo r m e th o d o f com p utation. 8 Table A-9. Average pay relationships within establishments for blue-collar occupations, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 M ain ten ance, t o o lr o o m , O c c u p a t i o n w h i c h e q u a l s 100 an d p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n b e in g c o m p a r e d — M ech an ics E lectricians M achinists T o o l and d ie makers M otor v eh ic les MAINTENANCE E L E C T R I C I A N S . . . . . . MAINTENANCE M A C H I N I S T S . . . . . . . . MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . TOOL AND DIE MAKERS..................... ... 100 99 97 (6) 100 (6 ) 100 100 M a te r ia l m o v e m e n t and c u s to d ia l o cc u p a tio n b eing c o m p a r e d — W arehousemen WAREHOUSEMEN.• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • MATERIAL HANDLING L A B O R E R S . . . . FORKLIFT O P E R A T O R S . . . . . . . . . . . . JANITORS* PORTERS* AND C L E A N E R S . . . . . . . . . S ee footn ote M aterial handling laborers 100 (6) (6) 100 F orklift operators Janitors, porters, and cleaners 100 113 110 a t en d o f t a b l e s . NOTE: T a b l e s A - 8 a n d A - 9 p r e s e n t the a v e r a g e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n p a i r s o f o c c u p a t i o n s w i t h i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . F o r e x a m p l e , a v a l u e o f 122 i n d i c a t e s tha t e a r n i n g s f o r th e o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y a b o v e i n t h e h e a d i n g a r e 22 p e r c e n t g r e a t e r th a n e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y t o the l e f t i n th e stub . S i m i l a r l y , a v a l u e o f 85 i n d i c a t e s e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n in the h ea di n g a r e 15 p e r c e n t b e l o w e a r n i n g s f o r t h e o c c u p a t i o n in t h e stub. See a ppen dix A fo r m e th o d of com putation. 9 Footnotes 1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r i e s ( e x c lu s iv e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u la r a n d / o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ) , and th e e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 T h e m e a n is c o m p u te d f o r e a c h jo b b y t o t a lin g th e e a r n in g s o f a ll w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s p o s it io n — h a lf o f th e w o r k e r s r e c e i v e th e s a m e o r m o r e and h a lf r e c e i v e th e s a m e o r l e s s than th e ra te s h ow n . T h e m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y tw o r a te s o f p a y : a fo u r t h o f th e w o r k e r s e a r n th e s a m e o r l e s s than th e lo w e r o f t h e s e r a te s and a fo u r t h e a r n th e s a m e o r m o r e th an th e h ig h e r r a te . 3 E a r n in g s data r e la t e o n ly to w o r k e r s w h o s e s e x id e n t ific a t io n w a s p r o v id e d b y th e e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . 5 E s tim a te s f o r p e r io d s en d in g p r i o r t o 1976 r e la t e to m e n o.nly f o r s k ille d m a in te n a n c e and u n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s . A ll o t h e r e s t im a t e s r e la t e to m e n and w o m e n . 6 D ata do n ot m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a o r da ta n o t a v a ila b le . 10 Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey In each of the 72 1 areas currently surveyed, the Bureau obtains wages and related benefits data from representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and se r v ic e s. Government operations and the construction and extractive industries are excluded. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are also excluded because of insufficient employment in the occupations studied. Appendix table 1 shows the number of establishm ents and workers estimated to be within the scope of this survey, as w ell as the number actually studied. Bureau field representatives obtain data by personal visits at 3 - year intervals. In each of the two intervening years, information on employment and occupational earnings only is collected by a combination of personal visit, m ail questionnaire, and telephone interview from establishments participating in the previous survey. A sam ple of the establishments in the scope of the survey is selected for study prior to each personal visit survey. This sample, less estab lishm ents which go out of business or are no longer within the industrial scope of the survey, is retained for the following two annual surveys. In m o st c a se s, establishm ents new to the area are not considered in the scope of the survey until the selection of a sample for a personal visit survey. The sampling procedures involve detailed stratification of all estab lishm ents within the scope of an individual area survey by industry and number of em ployees. F rom this stratified universe a probability sample is selected, with each establishment having a predetermined chance of se lection. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than sm a ll establishments is selected. When data are combined, each establishm ent is weighted according to its probability of selection so that unbiased estim ates are generated. For example, if one out of four establishm ents is selected, it is given a weight of 4 to represent itself plus three oth ers. An alternate of the same original probability is chosen in the sam e in d u stry-size classification if data are not available from the original sam ple m em b er. If no suitable substitute is available, additional weight is assigned to a sample m em ber that is sim ilar to the m issing unit. Occupations and earnings Occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufac turing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (1) Office clerica l; (2) professional and technical; (3) maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant; and (4) m aterial movement and custodial. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. Occupations selected for study are listed and described in appendix B. Unless otherwise indicated, the earnings data following the job titles are for all industries combined. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described, or for some industry divisions within the scope of the survey, are not presented in the A -se r ie s tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to m erit presentation, or (2) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Separate m en's and women's earnings data are not presented when the number of workers not identified by sex is 20 percent or m ore of the men or women identified in an occupation. Earnings data not shown separately for industry divisions are included in data for all industries combined. Likewise, for occupations with more than one level, data are included in the overall classification when a subclassification is not shown or information to subclassify is not available. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-tim e w orkers, i.e ., those hired to work a regular weekly schedule. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living allowances and incentive bonuses are included. Weekly hours for office clerical and professional and technical occupations refer to the standard workweek (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which employees receive regular straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium rates). Average weekly earnings for these occupations are rounded to the nearest half dollar. Vertical lines within the distribution of workers on some A -tab les indicate a change in the size of the class intervals. These surveys m easure the level of occupational earnings in an area at a particular tim e. Comparisons of individual occupational averages over time may not reflect expected wage changes. The averages for individual jobs are affected by changes in wages and employment patterns. For example, proportions of workers employed by high- or low-wage firm s may change, or high-wage workers may advance to better jobs and be replaced by new workers at lower rates. Such shifts in employment could decrease an occu pational average even though m ost establishments in an area increase wages during the year. Changes in earnings of occupational groups, shown in table A - 7, are better indicators of wage trends than are earnings changes for individual jobs within the groups. Average earnings reflect composite, areawide estimates. Industries staffing, and thus contribute averages may fail to reflect in individual establishments. 1 Included in the 72 areas are 2 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are and establishments differ in pay level and job Akron, Ohio and Poughkeepsie-Kingston-Newburgh, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area differently to the estimates for each job. Pay studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. accurately the wage differential among jobs Department of Labor. Average pay levels for men and women in selected occupations should not be assumed to reflect differences in pay of the sexes within individual establishments. Factors which may contribute to differences include pro gression within established rate ranges (only the rates paid incumbents are collected) and performance of specific duties within the general survey job descriptions. Job descriptions used to classify employees in these surveys usually are more generalized than those used in individual establishments and allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all estab lishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments differ, estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occupational structure do not affect materially the accuracy of the earnings data. Percent changes for individual areas in the program are computed as follow s: 1. Average earnings are computed for each occupation for the 2 years being compared. The averages are derived from earnings in those establishments which are in the survey both years; it is assumed that employment remains unchanged. 2. Each occupation is assigned a weight based on its p ro portionate employment in the occupational group in the base year. 3. These weights are used to compute group averages. Each occupation's average earnings (computed in step 1) is multiplied by its weight. The products are totaled to Obtain a group average. 4. The ratio of group averages for 2 consecutive years is computed by dividing the average for the current year by the average for the earlier year. The result— expressed as a percent— less 100 is the percent change. Wage trends for selected occupational groups The percent increases presented in table A -7 are based on changes in average hourly earnings of men and women in establishments reporting the trend jobs in both the current and previous year (matched establishments). The data are adjusted to remove the effects on average earnings of employ ment shifts among establishments and turnover of establishments included in survey samples. The percent increases, however, are still affected by factors other than wage increases. Hirings, layoffs, and turnover may affect an establishment average for an occupation when workers are paid under plans providing a range of wage rates for individual jobs. In periods of increased hiring, for example, new employees may enter at the bottom of the range, depressing the average without a change in wage rates. The percent changes relate to wage changes between the indicated dates. When the time span between surveys is other than 12 months, annual rates are also shown. (It is assumed that wages increase at a constant rate between surveys.) Occupations used to compute wage trends are: Office clerical Electronic data processing— Continued Secretaries Stenographers, senior Stenographers, general Typists, classes A and B File clerks, cla sses A , B , and C M essengers Switchboard operators Order clerks, classes A and B Accounting clerks, classes A and B Payroll clerks Key entry operators, classes A and B Computer operators, classes A , B, and C Electronic data processing Computer system s analysts, classes A , B, and C Computer program m ers, classes A , B , and C Industrial nurses Registered industrial nurses Skilled maintenance Carpenters Electricians Painters Machinists Mechanics (machinery) Mechanics (motor vehicle) Pipefitters Tool and die makers Unskilled plant Janitors, porters, and cleaners Material handling laborers For a more detailed description of the method used to compute these wage trends, see "Improving Area Wage Survey Indexes," Monthly Labor Review, January 1973, pp. 52-57. Average pay relationships within establishments Relative measures of occupational pay are presented in table A - 8 for white-collar occupations and in table A -9 for blu e-collar occupations. These relative values reflect differences in pay between occupations within individual establishments. Relative pay values are computed by dividing an establishment's average earnings for an occupation being compared by the average for another occupation (designated as 100) and multiplying the quotient by 100. For example, if janitors in a firm average $4 an hour and forklift operators $ 5, forklift operators have a relative pay value of 125 compared with janitors. ($ 5 -r $4 = 1.25, x 100 = 125.) In combining the relatives of the individual establishments to arrive at an overall average, each establish ment is considered to have as many relatives as it has weighted workers in the two jobs being compared. Pay relationships based on overall averages may differ considerably because of the varying contribution of high- and low-wage establishments to the averages. For example, the overall average hourly earnings for forklift operators may be 50 percent more than the average for janitors because the average for forklift operators may be strongly influenced by earnings in high-wage establishments while the average for janitors may be strongly influenced by earnings in low-wage establishments. In such a case, the intra-establishment relationship will indicate a much sm aller difference in earnings. E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s Tabulations on selected establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions (B -series tables) are not presented in this bulletin. Informa tion for these tabulations is collected at 3-y ear intervals. These tabulations on minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced office workers; shift differ entials; scheduled weekly hours and days; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are presented (in the B -s e r ie s tables) in previous bulletins for this area. Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., June 1979 Industry division 2 ALL I N D U S T R Y D IV IS IO N S M in im u m em ploym ent in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f st u d y W i t h in s c o p e o f st u d y 4 W i t h in 8c o p e o f st u d y 3 Number Percent 46 35.9 95 ICO 3C .665 i« ■ 37 56 27.3 59 8 .1 3 6 77 23 2 4,1 93 6 ,4 7 2 5G 5C 5C 5C 50 25 7 14 1 .5 9 0 53 3 3 .9 3 9 8C7 1 .2 6 7 4 2 11 2 1 .4 1 5 533 3.12C 643 7 61 sc 32 6 4 4 a 13 5 6 1 T h e P o u g h k e e p s i e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f i n e d b y th e O f f i c e o f M a n a g e m e n t a n d B u d g e t t h r o u g h F e b r u a r y 1 97 4, c o n s i s t s o f D u t c h e s s C o u n t y . T h e " w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f t h e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e i n c l u d e d in th e s u r v e y . E s t i m a t e s a r e not i n t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r s t a t i s t i c a l s e r i e s to m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1 ) pl an nin g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t da ta c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d , a n d ( 2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1972 e d i t i o n o f t h e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r i a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . All go ve r n m e n t operation s a re e x c lu d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the su rve y . 3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m lim itation. A l l o u t l e t s (w i th in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s i n i n d u s t r i e s s u c h a s t r a d e , S t ud ie d S t u d i ed 93 -------------------------------------------------------------- MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUF ACTURING -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TRANSPORT ATION. COMMUNICATION. AND OTHER PUBLIC U T I L I T I F S 5 ----------------------------------------------------------WHOLESALE t r a d e 6 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------RETAIL t r a d e 6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e 6 --------------------CERVICES6 7----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s N u m b er of establish m en ts 4 f i n a n c e , a u t o r e p a i r s e r v i c e , a n d m o t i o n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s on e establishm ent. 4 I n c l u d e s a l l w o r k e r s i n a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t (wi th in th e a r e a ) at o r a b o v e the m i n i m u m l i m i t a t i o n . 5 A b b r e v i a t e d t o " p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s " in t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s . T a x i c a b s and s e r v i c e s i n c i d e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n a r e e x c l u d e d . 6 S e p a r a t e da ta f o r th is d i v i s i o n a r e no t p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , but th e d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in th e " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " e s t i m a t e s . 7 H o t e l s a nd m o t e l s ; l a u n d r i e s an d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; autom obile rep air, r e n t a l , an d p a r k i n g ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ( e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s an d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; an d e n g i n e e r i n g and architectural serv ices . 13 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The prim ary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bu reau's wage surveys is to assist its field representatives in classifying inro appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits grouping occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this em phasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field representatives are instructed to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; and parttim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers. Handicapped workers whose earnings are reduced because of their handicap are also excluded. Learners, beginners, and trainees, unless specifically included in the job descriptions, are excluded. Office SECRETARY SECRET ARY— Continued Assigned as a personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day activities of the supervisor. Works fairly independently receiving a minimum of detailed supervision and guidance. P erform s varied clerical and secretarial duties requiring a knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization, program s, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor. Exclusions— Continued a. Positions which do not meet the "p erson al" secretary concept described above; b. Stenographers not fully trained in secretarial-type duties; c. Stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of pro fessional, technical, or managerial persons; d. A ssist ant-type positions which entail more difficult or more responsible technical, administrative, or supervisory duties which are not typical of secretarial work, e .g ., Administrative A ssistant, or Executive Assistant: Positions which do not fit any of the situations listed in the sections below titled "L e v e l of Supervisor, " e.g., secretary to the president of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5 ,0 0 0 persons; f. Exclusions. Not all positions that are titled "se c r e ta r y " possess the above characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follows: e. Trainees. Clas sification by Level Secretary jobs which meet the required characteristics are matched at one of five levels according to (a) the level of the secretary's supervisor within the company's organizational structure and, (b) the level of the secretary's responsibility. The tabulation following the explanations of these two factors indicates the level of the secretary for each combination of the factors. Level of Secretary's Supervisor (LS) LS—1 a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or S E C R E T A R Y ---- C o n tin u e d S E C R E T A R Y — C on tin u ed Classification by Level— Continued Classification by Level— Continued b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional em ployee, administrative officer or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE: Many companies a s s i g n stenographers, rather than secretaries as described above, to this level of supervisory or nonsupervisory worker.) LS—2 a. b. LS— 3 NOTE: The term "corporate o fficer" used in the above LS definition refers to those officials who have a significant corporatewide policymaking role with regard to major company activities. The title "vice president," though normally indicative of this role, does not in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose primary responsibility is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e.g., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate o fficers" for purposes of applying the definition. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon sibility is not equivalent to one of the specific level situations in the definition for LS— 3, but whose organizational unit normally numbers at least several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level includes a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or two; or Level of Secretary's Responsibility (LR) This factor evaluates the nature of the work relationship between the secretary and the supervisor, and the extent to which the secretary is expected to exercise initiative and judgment. Secretaries should be matched at LR—1 or LR— described below according to their level of responsibility. 2 Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc., (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, fewer than 5, 000 persons. LR—1. Perform s varied secretarial duties including or comparable to most of the following: a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or b. a. Answers telephones, coming m ail. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5, 000 persons; or d. Maintains supervisor's instructed. e. and opens in May calendar and makes appointments as Types, takes and transcribes dictation, and files. LR—2. Perform s duties described under LR—1 and, in addition performs tasks requiring greater judgment, initiative, and knowl edge of office functions including or comparable to most of the following: Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e .g ., a middle management supervisor of an organi zational segment often involving as many as several hundred persons) of a company that employs, in all, over 25, 000 persons. a. Screens telephone and personal ca llers, determining which can be handled by the supervisor's subordinates or other offices. a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in a ll, over 100 but fewer than 5 ,0 0 0 persons; or b. c. Secretary to the head, immediately below the corporate officer level, of a major segment or subsidiary of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 per sons. 15 Answers requests which require a detailed knowledge of of fice procedures or collection of information from files or other offices. May sign routine correspondence in own or supervisor's name. c. b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5 ,0 0 0 but fewer than 25, 000 persons; or callers, c. Reviews correspondence, memoranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to ensure procedural and typographical accuracy. d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc., (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, over 5 ,0 0 0 persons; or LS— 4 personal b. Answers telephone requests which have standard answers. reply to requests by sending a form letter. c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level) over either a major corporatewide functional activity (e .g ., marketing, research , operations, industrial relations, etc.) or a major geographic or organizational segment (e .g ., a regional headquar te r s; a major division) of a company that employs, in all, over 5, 000 but fewer than 25, 000 employees; or e. greets Compiles or assists in compiling periodic reports on the basis of general instructions. S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T L e v e l o f S e c r e t a r y 's R e s p o n s i b i l i t y ( L R —2)— C o n tin u e d Primary duty is to type copy of voice recorded dictation which does not involve varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as that used in legal briefs or reports on scientific research. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. (See Stenographer definition for workers involved with shorthand dictation.) d. Schedules tentative appointments without prior clearance. A s sem bles necessary background m aterial for scheduled meetings. Makes arrangements for meetings and conferences. e. Explains supervisor's requirements to other employees in super v iso r's unit. (Also types, takes dictation, and files.) TYPIST The following tabulation shows the level of the secretary for each LS and LR combination. Level of secretary's _____ supervisor_____ Level of secretary's responsibility LR—1 LS—1_ LS— 2_ LS— 3_ LS— 4_ Class Class Class Class E D C B LR—2 Class Class Class Class D C B A STENOGRAPHER Prim ary duty is to take dictation using shorthand, and to transcribe the dictation. May also type from written copy. May operate from a steno graphic pool. May occasionally transcribe from voice recordings (if primary duty is transcribing from recordings, see Transcribing-M achine Typist). NOTE: This job is distinguished from that of a secretary in that a secretary normally works in a confidential relationship with only one man ager or executive and perform s more responsible and discretionary tasks as described in the secretary job definition. Stenographer, Senior. Dictation involves a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as In legal briefs or reports on scientific research. May also set up and maintain file s, keep records, etc. OR Perform s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde pendence and responsibility than stenographer, general, as evidenced by the following: Work requires a high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedure; and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, file s, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as maintaining followup file s; assembling material for reports, memoranda, and letters; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and answering routine questions, etc. Stenographer, General. Dictation involves a normal routine vocabulary. May maintain file s , keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterials or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, m ats, or sim ilar m aterials for use in duplicating proc esse s. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A . Performs one or m ore of the following: Typing m aterial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from several sources; or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctuation, etc., of tech nical or unusual words or foreign language m aterial; or planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circum stances. Class B. Performs one or m ore of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; or routine typing of form s, insurance policies, etc.; or setting up simple standard tabulations; or copying m ore complex tables already set up and spaced properly. FILE CLERK F iles, cla ssifies, and retrieves m aterial in an established filing system . May perform clerical and manual tasks required to maintain files. Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions. Class A . C lassifies and indexes file m aterial such as correspond ence, reports, technical documents, etc., in an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter file s. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified m aterial by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cr o ss-r e fe r e n c e aids. A s requested, locates clearly identified m aterial in files and forwards m aterial. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service file s. Class C . Performs routine filing of m aterial that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or num erical). A s requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards m aterials; and may fill out withdrawal charge. May perform simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service file s. M ESSENGER O R D E R C L E R K — C o n tin u e d P e r f o r m s v a r io u s r o u tin e d u tie s s u c h as ru n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t in g m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u c h as s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g and d is t r ib u t in g m a i l , and o t h e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s it io n s that r e q u ir e o p e r a t io n o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e as a s ig n ific a n t duty. C la s s B . H a n d le s o r d e r s in v o lv in g it e m s w h ic h h av e r e a d ily id e n t i f i e d u s e s and a p p lic a t io n s . M a y r e f e r to a c a t a lo g , m a n u f a c t u r e r 's m a n u a l, o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t to in s b r e th a t p r o p e r it e m is s u p p lie d o r to v e r i f y p r i c e o f o r d e r e d it e m . S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K O p e r a t e s a t e le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o le u s e d w ith a p r iv a t e b r a n c h e x c h a n g e (P B X ) s y s t e m to r e la y in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , and in t r a s y s t e m c a lls . M a y p r o v i d e in fo r m a t io n to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and t r a n s m it m e s s a g e s , k e e p r e c o r d o f c a l l s p l a c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s . B e s id e s o p e r a t in g a te le p h o n e s w it c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k (ty p in g o r r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y th e m a jo r p o r t io n o f th e w o r k e r 's t i m e , and is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d w h ile at the s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e ) . C h ie f o r le a d o p e r a t o r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than on e o p e r a t o r a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r an o p e r a t o r w h o a ls o a c t s as a r e c e p t io n is t , s e e S w itc h b o a r d O p e ra to r -R e c e p t io n is t . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u ch as p o s t in g to r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; v e r if y in g th e in te r n a l c o n s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , and m a t h e m a t ic a l a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; a s s ig n in g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r if y in g f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s t y p e s o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a lc u la t io n s , p o s t in g , e t c . ; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s i s t in g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p lic a t e d jo u r n a l vou ch ers. M a y w o r k in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m . T h e w o r k r e q u ir e s a k n o w le d g e o f c l e r i c a l m e t h o d s and o f f i c e p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h r e la t e s to th e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e c o r d in g o f t r a n s a c t io n s and a c c o u n t in g in fo r m a t io n . W ith e x p e r i e n c e , th e w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m e s f a m i l i a r w ith th e b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in th e a s s ig n e d w o r k , but is n ot r e q u ir e d to h av e a k n o w le d g e o f th e f o r m a l p r i n c i p l e s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g . S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T At a an o p e r a t o r — w o r k in v o lv e s b u s in e s s and p r ia t e p e r s o n a r r a n g in g an s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n t e le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , a c ts b oth as s e e S w it c h b o a r d O p e r a t o r — and as a r e c e p t io n is t . R e c e p t io n is t 's s u c h d u tie s a s g r e e t in g v i s i t o r s ; d e t e r m in in g n a tu re o f v i s i t o r 's p r o v id in g a p p r o p r ia t e in fo r m a tio n ; r e f e r r i n g v i s i t o r to a p p r o in th e o r g a n iz a t i o n o r c o n ta c t in g that p e r s o n b y te le p h o n e and a p p o in tm e n t; k e e p in g a lo g o f v i s i t o r s . P o s it io n s d e f in it io n s : R e c e i v e s w r it t e n o r v e r b a l c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e f r o m c u s t o m e r s o r s a le s p e o p le . W o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s s o m e c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g d u tie s : Q uotin g p r i c e s ; d e t e r m in in g a v a i l a b ilit y o f o r d e r e d it e m s and s u g g e s tin g s u b s titu te s w hen n e c e s s a r y ; a d v is in g e x p e c t e d d e l i v e r y d a te and m e t h o d o f d e li v e r y ; r e c o r d in g o r d e r and c u s t o m e r in fo r m a t io n on o r d e r s h e e t s ; c h e c k in g o r d e r s h e e ts f o r a c c u r a c y and a d e q u a c y o f in fo r m a t io n r e c o r d e d ; a s c e r t a in in g c r e d it ra tin g o f c u s t o m e r ; f u r n is h in g c u s t o m e r w ith a c k n o w le d g e m e n t o f r e c e ip t o f o r d e r ; f o llo w in g - u p to s e e th at o r d e r is d e l i v e r e d b y th e s p e c if ie d date o r to le t c u s t o m e r kn ow o f a d e la y in d e l i v e r y ; m a in ta in in g o r d e r f i l e ; c h e c k in g s h ip p in g in v o ic e a g a in s t o r i g i n a l o r d e r . c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls a c c o r d in g to th e le v e ls on th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r w ith o u t a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s . C la s s A . K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s , and f a m i l i a r i t y w ith th e s t r u c t u r e o f th e p a r t i c u l a r a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m u s e d . D e t e r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is t r ib u t io n o f d e b it and c r e d i t it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l id a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , and o t h e r r e c o r d s b y h and. fo llo w in g C la s s A . H a n d le s o r d e r s that in v o lv e m a k in g ju d g m e n ts s u c h as c h o o s in g w h ic h s p e c i f i c p r o d u c t o r m a t e r ia l f r o m th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's p r o d u c t lin e s w ill s a t is f y th e c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s , o r d e t e r m in in g th e p r i c e to b e q u o te d w h e n p r i c i n g in v o lv e s m o r e than m e r e ly r e f e r r in g to a p r i c e lis t o r m a k in g s o m e s im p le m a t h e m a t ic a l c a lc u la t io n s . in to C la s s B . U n d er c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n , f o llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s a nd s t a n d a r d iz e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , s u ch a s p o s t in g to l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e id e n t ific a t io n o f it e m s and l o c a t io n s o f p o s t in g s a r e c l e a r l y in d ic a t e d ; c h e c k in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p le t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d iz e d and r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s o r a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; and c o d in g d o c u m e n t s u s in g a fe w p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s . E x c lu d e w o r k e r s p a id on a c o m m is s io n b a s is o r w h o s e d u tie s in c lu d e a n y o f th e f o l l o w i n g : R e c e iv in g o r d e r s f o r s e r v i c e s r a th e r than f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d i s e ; p r o v id in g c u s t o m e r s w ith c o n s u lt a t iv e a d v ic e u s in g k n o w le d g e g a in e d f r o m e n g in e e r in g o r e x t e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l t r a in in g ; e m p h a s iz in g s e llin g s k i l l s ; h a n d lin g m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e a s an in t e g r a l p a r t o f th e jo b . are c la s s ifie d C la s s A . U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t io n s w h ic h r e q u i r e th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r i e n c e and ju d g m e n t, f o r e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p lic a t e d or n o n r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n t in g t r a n s a c t i o n s , s e le c t in g a m o n g a s u b s ta n tia l v a r ie t y o f p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c in g t r a n s a c t io n s th r o u g h p r e v io u s a c c o u n tin g a c t io n s to d e t e r m i n e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s . M ay be a s s is te d by one or m o r e c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s . ORDER CLERK P o s it io n s d e f in it io n s : are C la s s B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g li t t l e k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (n ot in c lu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r m a c h in e b i l l e r ) , 17 K E Y E N T R Y O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R — C on tin u ed c o s t d is t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e t c . o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a t io n o f t r i a l b a la n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l th e a c c o u n t in g d e p a r tm e n t . M ay ch eck sh eets fo r M A C H IN E B I L L E R P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , and i n v o ic e s on a m a c h in e o th e r than an o r d in a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r it e r . M a y a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s a s to b illin g s o r s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o th e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n ta l to b illin g o p e r a t io n s . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , a s f o l l o w s : B illin g - m a c h in e b i l l e r . U s e s a s p e c ia l b illin g m a c h in e (c o m b in a t io n ty p in g arid a d d in g m a ch in e ) to p r e p a r e b ills and in v o ic e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in te r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , sh ip p in g m e m o r a n d a , e tc . U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a tio n o f p r e d e t e r m in e d d is c o u n t s and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s and e n try o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s , w h ic h m a y o r m a y not be c o m p u te d on th e b illin g m a c h in e , and t o t a ls w h ich a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la te d by m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f th e b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is o fte n d o n e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e . B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e b i l l e r . U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r w ith ou t a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s as p a r t o f th e a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t io n . G e n e r a lly in v o lv e s th e s im u lta n e o u s e n tr y o f fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s f ig u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s and u s u a lly p r in t s a u t o m a t ic a lly th e d e b it o r c r e d it b a la n c e s . D o e s n ot in v o lv e a k n o w le d g e o f b o o k k e e p in g . W o r k s f r o m u n ifo r m and s ta n d a rd ty p e s o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s . PAYR O LL CLERK C la s s B . W o r k is r o u tin e and r e p e t i t i v e . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r fo llo w in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r i n s t r u c t i o n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r io u s s t a n d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o d e d , and f o llo w s s p e c i f i e d p r o c e d u r e s w h ich h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a il and r e q u i r e lit t le o r no s e l e c t i n g , c o d in g , o r in t e r p r e t in g o f d a ta t o b e r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s t o s u p e r v i s o r p r o b le m s a r is in g f r o m erron eou s i t e m s o r c o d e s o r m is s in g in fo r m a t io n . Professional and Technical C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , B U SIN E SS A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s t o f o r m u la t e p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g th e m b y u se o f e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f a ll s p e c if ic a t io n s n e e d e d t o e n a b le p r o g r a m m e r s t o p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig ita l c o m p u te r p r o g r a m s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : A n a ly z e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s t o b e a u t o m a t e d and id e n t i fie s c o n d it io n s and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d o c u m e n t s t o b e u s e d ; o u t lin e s a c t io n s t o b e p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u t e r s in s u f f ic ie n t d e t a il f o r p r e s e n t a t io n t o m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m in g ( t y p ic a lly t h is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a t io n o f w o r k and data flo w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d in a t e s th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s and p a r t ic ip a t e s in t r i a l ru n s o f n e w and r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s e q u ip m e n t ch a n g es to o b ta in m o r e e f f e c t i v e o v e r a l l o p e r a t i o n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g b o th s y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a ly sts i f th is is th e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m in e t h e ir p a y .) D oes n ot in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r th e m a n a g e m en t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r s y s t e m s a n a ly sts p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s . For P e r f o r m s th e c l e r i c a l ta s k s n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o lls and to m a in ta in p a y r o l l r e c o r d s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s ' t im e o r p r o d u c t io n r e c o r d s ; a d ju s tin g w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s f o r c h a n g e s in w a g e r a t e s , s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f it s , o r ta x d e d u c t io n s ; e d itin g p a y r o ll lis t in g s a g a in s t s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; t r a c in g and c o r r e c t i n g e r r o r s in lis t i n g s ; and a s s is t in g in p r e p a r a t io n o f p e r i o d i c s u m m a r y p a y r o l l r e p o r t s . In a n o n a u to m a te d p a y r o l l s y s t e m , c o m p u te s w a g e s . W o r k m a y r e q u ir e a p r a c t i c a l k n o w le d g e o f g o v e r n m e n t a l r e g u la t io n s , c o m p a n y p a y r o l l p o l i c y , o r th e c o m p u te r s y s t e m f o r p r o c e s s i n g p a y r o l l s . K EY E N T R Y O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a k e y p u n ch m a c h in e to r e c o r d o r v e r i f y a lp h a b e tic a n d /o r n u m e r ic d a ta on ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r on ta p e . P o s it io n s d e f in it io n s . a re c la s s ifie d into l e v e ls on th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g C la s s A . W o r k r e q u ir e s th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m e n t in s e le c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to b e f o llo w e d and in s e a r c h in g f o r , in t e r p r e t in g , s e le c t in g , o r c o d in g it e m s to b e k e y p u n ch e d f r o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts . On o c c a s i o n m a y a ls o p e r f o r m s o m e r o u tin e k e y p u n ch w o r k . M ay t r a in in e x p e r ie n c e d k e y p u n ch o p e r a t o r s . w age stu d y pu rposes, sy ste m s a n a ly s t s are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n c o m p le x p r o b le m s in v o lv in g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s t e m s a n a ly s is . P r o b l e m s a r e c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f in pu t d a ta and m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e m e n ts o f output data. ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s an in t e g r a t e d p r o d u c t io n s c h e d u lin g , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l, c o s t a n a ly s is , and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ic h e v e r y it e m o f e a c h ty p e is a u t o m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th r o u g h th e f u ll s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r ia t e fo llo w u p a c t io n s a r e in itia t e d b y th e c o m p u t e r .) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m in e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l o n th e i m p lic a t io n s o f n e w o r r e v i s e d s y s t e m s o f data p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t io n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s , i f n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a jo r s y s t e m s in s t a lla t io n s o r c h a n g e s and f o r o b ta in in g e q u ip m e n t. M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l w h o a r e a s s ig n e d t o a s s i s t . d i r e c t i o n to lo w e r le v e l s y s te m s a n a ly s t s C la s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on p r o b le m s that a r e r e la t iv e ly u n c o m p lic a t e d to a n a ly z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , and o p e r a t e . P r o b le m s a r e o f lim it e d c o m p le x it y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f in pu t d a ta a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and th e output d a ta a r e c l o s e l y r e la t e d . ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s it o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k , m a in ta in in g a c c o u n t s r e c e iv a b le in a r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t , o r m a in ta in in g in v e n t o r y C O M P U TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS— C on tin u ed C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BU SIN ESS— C o n tin u e d a c c o u n t s in a m a n u fa c t u r in g o r w h o l e s a le e s t a b lis h m e n t .) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m i n e th e da ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l o n th e im p lic a t io n s o f th e data p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s t o b e a p p lie d . lin k a g e p o in ts b e tw e e n o p e r a t io n s , a d ju s tm e n ts to da ta w hen p r o g r a m r e q u ir e m e n t s e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c it y , and s u b s ta n tia l m a n ip u la tio n and r e s e q u e n c in g o f d a ta e le m e n t s to f o r m a h ig h ly in te g r a t e d p r o g r a m . M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l a r e a s s ig n e d t o a s s i s t . OR W o r k s o n a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p le x data p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e o r s y s t e m , as d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o n r o u tin e a s s i g n m e n ts and r e c e i v e s in s t r u c t io n and g u id a n c e on c o m p le x a s s ig n m e n t s . W o r k is r e v i e w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju d g m e n t , c o m p lia n c e w ith in s t r u c t i o n s , and to in s u r e p r o p e r a lig n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a l l s y s t e m . C la s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on r e l a t i v e l y s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n ts o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s (o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s in fo r m a t io n to p r o d u c e data in tw o o r t h r e e v a r i e d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s . R e p o r t s and lis t in g s a re p r o d u c e d b y r e f in in g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y in g , o r m a k in g m in o r a d d itio n s to o r d e le tio n s f r o m in pu t da ta w h ic h a r e r e a d il y a v a ila b le . W h ile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y be p r o c e s s e d , the d a ta h a v e b e e n r e f in e d in p r i o r a c tio n s s o that the a c c u r a c y and s e q u e n c in g o f da ta ca n b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a fe w r o u tin e c h e c k s . T y p ic a lly , th e p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith ro u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a t io n s . C la s s C . W o r k s u n d e r im m e d ia t e s u p e r v is io n , c a r r y i n g ou t a n a ly s e s a s a s s i g n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c t iv it y . A s s ig n m e n t s a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and e x p a n d p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e in th e a p p lic a tio n o f p r o c e d u r e s and s k i l l s r e q u i r e d f o r s y s t e m s a n a ly s is w o r k . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r in g th e d e t a ile d s p e c if ic a t io n s r e q u i r e d b y program m ers fro m i n f o r m a t io n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r l e v e l a n a ly s t . OR W o r k s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A ) u n der c l o s e d ir e c t io n o f a h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v i s o r . M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m in g l e s s d if f ic u l t ta s k s a s s ig n e d , and p e r f o r m in g m o r e d if f ic u lt ta s k s u n d e r f a i r l y c l o s e d ir e c t io n . C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BU SIN E SS C o n v e r t s s t a t e m e n t s o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p ic a lly p r e p a r e d b y a s y s t e m s a n a ly s t , in to a s e q u e n c e o f d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h a r e r e q u ir e d t o s o l v e th e p r o b l e m s b y a u t o m a t ic data p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t. W o r k in g f r o m c h a r t s o r d i a g r a m s , th e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s th e p r e c i s e in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h , w h e n e n t e r e d in to th e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d la n g u a g e , c a u s e th e m a n ip u la t io n o f d a ta t o a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a b i l i t i e s , m a t h e m a t ic s , l o g i c e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t i c u l a r s u b je c t m a t t e r in v o lv e d to a n a ly z e c h a r t s and d ia g r a m s o f th e p r o b l e m t o b e p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e o f p r o g r a m s t e p s ; w r i t e s d e t a ile d f lo w c h a r t s to s h o w o r d e r in w h ic h da ta w i l l b e p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s t h e s e c h a r t s to c o d e d in s t r u c t io n s f o r m a c h in e t o f o llo w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in s t r u c t io n s fo r o p e r a t in g p e r s o n n e l d u r in g p r o d u c t io n ru n ; a n a ly z e s , r e v i e w s , and a lt e r s p r o g r a m s to i n c r e a s e o p e r a t in g e f f i c i e n c y o r a d a p t to n ew r e q u ir e m e n t s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p rogram d e v e lo p m e n t and r e v i s i o n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m in g b o th s y s t e m s a n a ly s is a nd p r o g r a m m i n g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s i f t h is is th e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e ir p a y .) M a y g u id e o r in s t r u c t lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s . C la s s C . M a k e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a tio n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t ic e s and c o n c e p t s u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tr a in in g c o u r s e s . A s s ig n m e n ts a re d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p c o m p e t e n c e in th e a p p lic a t io n o f s ta n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s to r o u tin e p r o b l e m s . R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on n e w a s p e c t s o f a s s ig n m e n t s ; and w o r k is r e v ie w e d to v e r i f y its a c c u r a c y and c o n fo r m a n c e w ith r e q u ir e d proced u res. COM PUTER O PERA TO R M o n it o r s and o p e r a t e s th e c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d ig ita l c o m p u te r to p r o c e s s d a ta a c c o r d in g to o p e r a t in g i n s t r u c t io n s , u su a lly p r e p a r e d b y a p r o gram m er. W o r k in c lu d e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : S tu d ie s in s t r u c t io n s to d e t e r m in e e q u ip m e n t s etu p and o p e r a t io n s ; lo a d s e q u ip m e n t w ith r e q u ir e d it e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c . ) ; s w itc h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y e q u ip m e n t in to c i r c u i t , and s t a r t s and o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s tm e n ts to c o m p u te r to c o r r e c t o p e r a t in g p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c i a l c o n d it io n s ; r e v ie w s e r r o r s m a d e d u rin g o p e r a t io n and d e t e r m in e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b le m to s u p e r v is o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m a in ta in s o p e r a t in g r e c o r d s . M a y te s t and a s s i s t in c o r r e c tin g p r o g ra m . D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c a n d /o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s . F or w age s tu d y p u r p o s e s , p r o g r a m m e r s are c la s s ifie d as f o l l o w s : For C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s w h ic h r e q u i r e c o m p e t e n c e in a ll p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m in g c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s . W o r k in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and c h a r t s w h ic h id e n tify th e n a tu r e o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a j o r p r o c e s s i n g s te p s t o b e a c c o m p lis h e d , and th e r e la t io n s h ip s b e t w e e n v a r io u s s te p s o f the p r o b le m s o lv in g r o u t in e ; p la n s th e f u ll r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g a c tio n s n e e d e d to e f f i c i e n t l y u t iliz e th e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in a c h ie v in g d e s i r e d en d p r o d u c t s . w age stu d y pu rposes, co m p u te r o p era tors a re c l a s s i f i e d as f o llo w s : C la s s A . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n , a co m p u te r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : N ew p r o g r a m s a r e fr e q u e n t ly t e s t e d and in t r o d u c e d ; s c h e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n t s a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e t o m i n im iz e d o w n tim e ; th e p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p le x d e s ig n s o that id e n t ific a t io n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o fte n r e q u ir e s a w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e t o t a l p r o g r a m , and a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s m a y n ot b e a v a ila b le . M a y g iv e d ir e c t io n and g u id a n c e t o lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s . At t h is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m i n g is d if f ic u lt b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t m u s t b e o r g a n i z e d t o p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in t e r r e la t e d but d iv e r s e p r o d u c t s f r o m n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e d a ta e le m e n t s , A w id e v a r ie t y and e x t e n s iv e n u m b e r o f in t e r n a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t io n s m u s t o c c u r . T h is r e q u ir e s s u c h a c t io n s as d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w h ic h ca n b e r e u s e d , e s t a b lis h m e n t o f d ir e c t io n t o lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w ho C la s s B . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d er o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n , a c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t o f th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b lis h e d p r o d u c t io n r u n s , t y p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r i n g b a s i s ; t h e r e is lit t le o r n o te s t in g o f n e w p r o g r a m s 19 C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R — C on tin u ed D R A F T E R -T R A C E R required; alternate programs are provided in case original program needs major change or cannot be corrected within a reasonably short tim e. In common error situations, diagnoses cause and takes corrective action. This usually involves applying previously programmed corrective steps, or using standard correction techniques. Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans prim arily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.) OR AND/OR Operates under direct supervision a computer running programs or segments of programs with the characteristics described for class A . May assist a higher level operator by independently performing less difficult tasks assigned, and performing difficult tasks following detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations performed. Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s. Work is closely supervised during p rogress. Class C . Works on routine programs under close supervision. Is expected to develop working knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect problems involved in running routine program s. Usually has received some form al training in computer operation. May assist higher level operator on complex program s. DRAFTER Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for consistency with prior engineering deter minations. May either prepare drawings or direct their preparation by lower level drafters. Class B. Perform s nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foun dations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities, strengths, str e sse s, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy. Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked during progress. ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN Works on various types of electronic equipment and related devices by performing one or a combination of the following: Installing, maintaining, repairing, overhauling, troubleshooting, modifying, constructing, and testing. Work requires practical application of technical knowledge of electronics principles, ability co determine mallunctions, and skill to put equipment in required operating condition. The equipment— consisting of either many different kinds of circuits or multiple repetition of the same kind of circuit— includes, but is not limited to, the following: (a) Electronic transmitting and receiving equipment (e .g ., radar, radio, television, telephone, sonar, navigational aids), (b) digital and analog computers, and (c) industrial and medical measuring and controlling equipment. This classification excludes repairers of such standard electronic equipment as common office machines and household radio and television sets; production assemblers and testers; workers whose primary duty is servicing electronic test instruments; technicians who have administrative or supervisory responsibility; and drafters, designers, and professional engineers. Positions definitions: are classified into levels on the basis of the following Class A . Applies advance technical knowledge to solve unusually complex problems (i.e ., those that typically cannot be solved solely by re fe r ence to manufacturers' manuals or sim ilar documents) in working on elec tronic equipment. Examples of such problems include location and density of circuitry, electromagnetic radiation, isolating malfunctions, and frequent engineering changes. Work involves: A detailed understanding of the inter relationships of circuits; exercising independent judgment in performing such tasks as making circuit analyses, calculating wave fo rm s, tracing relation ships in signal flow; and regularly using complex test instruments (e .g ., dual trace oscilloscopes, Q -m eters, deviation m eters, pulse generators). Work may be reviewed by supervisor (frequently an engineer or designer) for general compliance with accepted practices. May provide technical guidance to lower level technicians. Class B. Applies comprehensive technical knowledge to solve com plex problems (i.e ., those that typically can be solved solely by properly interpreting manufacturers' manuals or sim ilar documents) in working on E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C on tin u ed M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t. W o r k in v o lv e s : A f a m ilia r it y w ith th e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; and ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m in in g w o r k s e q u e n c e and in s e le c t in g t o o l s and t e s t in g i n s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p le x than t h o s e u s e d b y th e c l a s s A t e c h n ic ia n . P e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c tio n s s u ch as th e i n s t a l la tio n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r r e p a ir o f e q u ip m e n t f o r th e g e n e r a t io n , d is t r ib u t io n , o r u t iliz a t io n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m en t s u c h as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a tin g u n its , co n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o th e r t r a n s m is s io n e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , la y o u t s , o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; lo c a t in g and d ia g n o s in g t r o u b le in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g s ta n d a r d c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g t o lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d to o ls and m e a s u r in g and t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f the m a in t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n , and w o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s . M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n ce t o lo w e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s . C la s s C . A p p lie s w o r k in g t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e t o p e r f o r m s im p le o r r o u tin e t a s k s in w o r k in g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t, fo llo w in g d e t a ile d i n s t r u c t io n s w h ic h c o v e r v i r t u a lly a ll p r o c e d u r e s . W o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s s u ch t a s k s a s : A s s i s t i n g h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s b y p e r fo r m in g s u c h a c t i v it ie s as r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir in g c i r c u i t s , and ta k in g te s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g t o o l s and c o m m o n t e s t in s t r u m e n ts ( e . g . , m u l t i m e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is n o t r e q u i r e d t o b e f a m i l i a r w ith the in t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s . T h is k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a s s ig n m e n t s d e s ig n e d to in c r e a s e co m p e te n ce (in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m tr a in in g ) so th at w o r k e r ca n a d v a n c e to h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n . M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R P a in ts and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and f ix t u r e s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u lia r it ie s and t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u ir e d f o r d if f e r e n t a p p lic a t io n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r f a c e fo r p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld fin is h o r b y p la c in g pu tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s and i n t e r s t i c e s ; and a p p ly in g p a in t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h . M ay m ix c o l o r s , o i l s , w h ite le a d , and o th e r p a in t in g r e d ie n t s t o o b ta in p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n siste n c y . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p a in te r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n . W o r k is t y p i c a l l y s p o t - c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e t a ile d r e v ie w w h e n n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n t s a re in v o lv e d . R E G I S T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L N U RSE S A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n der g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d i r e c t i o n t o i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r s u f f e r an a c c id e n t o n th e p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o th e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f the f o llo w in g : G iv in g f i r s t a id to the i l l o r in ju r e d ; a tte n d in g t o s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s in g o f e m p l o y e e s 1 i n ju r i e s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a tie n ts t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t i n g in p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s and h e a lth e v a lu a tio n s o f a p p lic a n t s and e m p l o y e e s ; and p la n n in g and c a r r y i n g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h e a lth e d u c a t io n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t io n , e v a lu a tio n o f plan t e n v ir o n m e n t , o r o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a ff e c t in g th e h e a lt h , w e l f a r e , and s a fe t y o f a ll p e r s o n n e l. N u r s in g s u p e r v i s o r s o r h e a d n u r s e s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than on e n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d . M A IN T E N A N C E M A C H IN IS T Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s and n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a ir s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r it t e n in s t r u c t io n s and s p e c i f ic a t i o n s ; p la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t 's h a n d t o o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t in g s ta n d a r d m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s t o c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o l in g , f e e d s , and s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f th e c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , and e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r th is w o r k ; and fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l, th e m a c h in is t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d tr a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c t i c e u su a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC ( M a c h in e r y ) P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u ties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a i r b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and e q u ip m e n t s u c h as b in s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s in g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : P la n n in g a nd la y in g ou t o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l in s t r u c t i o n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b le p o w e r t o o l s , a nd s ta n d a r d m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g t o d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; and s e le c t in g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w o r k . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n tlin g m a c h in e s and p e r f o r m in g r e p a i r s th a t m a in ly in v o lv e th e u se o f h a n d to o ls in s c r a p in g and fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s w ith it e m s o b ta in e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g th e p r o d u c t io n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a rt b y a m a c h in e s h o p o r s e n d in g th e m a c h in e to a m a c h in e s h o p f o r m a jo r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r in g w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r the p r o d u c tio n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e s h o p s ; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts f o r o p e r a t io n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly 21 M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a c h in e r y ) — C o n tin u e d M IL L W R IG H T — C on tin u ed a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u tie s in v o lv e s e ttin g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s . w o r k ; in te r p r e tin g b lu e p r in ts o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h a n d t o o l s and r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to s t r e s s e s , s tr e n g t h o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g and b a la n c in g e q u ip m e n t; s e le c t in g s ta n d a rd t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t, and p a r t s t o b e u s e d ; and in s t a llin g and m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t s u c h as d r iv e s and s p e e d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, th e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o to r V e h i c l e s ) R e p a ir s a u t o m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t. W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g a u to m o tiv e e q u ip m en t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g e q u ip m e n t and p e r f o r m in g r e p a ir s th at in v o lv e th e u s e o f s u c h h a n d to o ls as w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r in d in g and a d ju s tin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in s t a llin g th e v a r io u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h ic le and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s ; and a lig n in g w h e e l s , a d ju s tin g b r a k e s and lig h t s , o r tig h te n in g b o d y b o lt s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m o t o r v e h ic le m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot in c lu d e t o m e r s ' v e h ic le s in a u t o m o b ile r e p a i r s h o p s . m e c h a n ic s w ho r e p a ir cu s M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R I n s t a lls o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o th e r ty p e s o f p ip e and p ip e fitt in g s in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : L a y in g out w o r k and m e a s u r in g to lo c a t e p o s it io n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w in g s o r o th e r w r itte n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; cu ttin g v a r io u s s i z e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t le n g th s w ith c h is e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e -c u t t in g m a c h in e s ; t h r e a d in g p ip e w ith s t o c k s and d ie s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d - d r iv e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s te n in g p ip e to h a n g e r s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g t o p r e s s u r e s , f lo w , and s iz e o f p ip e r e q u ir e d ; and m a k in g s ta n d a r d t e s t s t o d e t e r m in e w h e th e r f in is h e d p ip e s m eet s p e c ific a t io n s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p ip e fit t e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . W o rk e r s p r im a r ily e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g and r e p a ir in g b u ild in g s a n ita tio n o r h e a tin g s y s t e m s a r e e x c lu d e d . M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a ir th e s h e e t - m e t a l e q u ip m e n t and f ix t u r e s ( s u c h as m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e lv e s , l o c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t ila t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e t a l r o o f in g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out a ll ty p e s o f s h e e t -m e t a l m a in te n a n c e w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , m o d e l s , o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t io n s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g a ll a v a ila b le ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k in g m a c h in e s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h a n d to o ls in c u ttin g , b e n d in g , f o r m in g , s h a p in g , fitt in g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s t a llin g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s as r e q u ir e d . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . M IL L W R IG H T I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, and d is m a n t le s and in s t a lls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w h en c h a n g e s in th e pla n t la y o u t a r e r e q u ir e d . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y in g ou t M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R A s s is t s on e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in th e s k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , b y p e r f o r m in g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h as k e e p in g a w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e , and e q u ip m e n t; a s s is t in g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls o r t o o l s ; and p e r f o r m in g o th e r u n s k ille d ta s k s as d i r e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n . T h e k in d o f w o r k th e h e lp e r is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e to t r a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s th e h e lp e r is c o n fin e d to s u p p ly in g , lif t in g , and h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s , and c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s he is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a ch in e o p e r a t io n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th a t a r e a ls o p e r f o r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a f u ll- t i m e b a s is . M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T O O L R O O M ) S p e c ia liz e s in o p e r a t in g o n e o r m o r e th an o n e ty p e Of m a c h in e t o o l ( e . g . , jig b o r e r , g rin d in g m a c h in e , e n g in e la t h e , m i llin g m a c h in e ) to m a c h in e m e t a l f o r u se in m a k in g o r m a in ta in in g j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d ie s o r m o ld s u s e d in s h a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r n o n m e t a llic m a t e r ia l ( e . g . , p la s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g l a s s ) . W ork ty p ic a lly i n v o l v e s : P la n n in g and p e r f o r m in g d if f ic u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s w h ic h r e q u ir e c o m p lic a t e d s e tu p s o r a h igh d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; s e tt in g up m a c h in e t o o l o r t o o ls ( e . g . , in s t a ll cu ttin g t o o l s and a d ju s t g u id e s , s t o p s , w o r k in g t a b l e s , and o th e r c o n t r o ls to h a n d le th e s i z e o f s t o c k to b e m a c h in e d ; d e t e r m in e p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l i n g , and o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e o r s e l e c t t h o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w in g s , b lu e p r in t s , o r la y o u t s ) ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts d u rin g m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n to a c h ie v e r e q u is i t e d im e n s io n s to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s . M a y b e r e q u ir e d t o s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s and cu ttin g and lu b r ic a t in g o i l s , to r e c o g n i z e w h en t o o l s n e e d d r e s s i n g , and t o d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) at th e s k ill l e v e l c a lle d f o r in t h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n r e q u ir e s e x t e n s iv e k n o w le d g e o f m a c h in e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t ic e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h c o n s i d e r a b l e o n - t h e - j o b t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot in c lu d e m a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o l r o o m ) e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g shop s. T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R C o n s t r u c ts and r e p a ir s j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d ie s o r m o ld s u s e d in s h a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r n o n m e t a llic m a t e r ia l ( e .g ., p l a s t i c , p la s t e r , r u b b e r , g l a s s ) . W ork ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s : P la n n in g and la y in g out w o r k a c c o r d i n g to m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r o t h e r w r it te n o r o r a l s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u n d e r s t a n d in g th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a ls and a llo y s ; s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , and T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R — C o n tin u e d S H IP P E R A N D R E C E IV E R p r o c e s s e s r e q u i r e d t o c o m p le t e t a s k s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g v a r io u s m a c h in e t o o l s and r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; u sin g v a r io u s t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's h a n d to o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; w o r k in g t o v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h e a t -t r e a t in g m e t a l p a rts and f in is h e d t o o l s and d ie s t o a c h ie v e r e q u i r e d q u a lit ie s ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s t o p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s . In g e n e r a l, the t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . P e r f o r m s c l e r i c a l and p h y s ic a l ta s k s in c o n n e c t io n w ith sh ip p in g g o o d s o f the e s ta b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d and r e c e iv in g in c o m in g s h ip m e n t s . In p e r f o r m in g d a y - t o - d a y , r o u tin e t a s k s , fo llo w s e s ta b lis h e d g u id e lin e s . In h a n d lin g u n u su a l n o n r o u tin e p r o b l e m s , r e c e i v e s s p e c i f i c g u id a n c e f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r o th e r o f f i c i a l s . M a y d ir e c t and c o o r d in a t e the a c t i v it ie s o f o th e r w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in h a n d lin g g o o d s t o b e s h ip p e d o r b e in g r e c e iv e d . F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot in c lu d e t o o l and d ie m a k e r s w h o (1) a r e e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g s h o p s o r (2) p r o d u c e f o r g in g d ie s (d ie s in k e r s ) . S T A T I O N A R Y E N G IN E E R O p e r a t e s and m a in ta in s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e o p e r a t io n o f s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) to s u p p ly the e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r ,' h e a t, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c o n d it io n in g . W o r k in v o lv e s : O p e r a t in g and m a in ta in in g e q u ip m e n t s u c h as s t e a m e n g in e s , a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , , t u r b i n e s , v e n tila t in g and r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t , s t e a m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a te r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , and fu e l c o n s u m p t io n . M a y a ls o s u p e r v is e t h e s e o p e r a t io n s . H e a d o r c h i e f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e th an on e e n g in e e r a re e x c lu d e d . B O IL E R T E N D E R F ir e s s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s to fu r n is h the e s ta b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith h e a t , p o w e r , o r s te a m . F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e b y hand o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n i c a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a te r and s a fe t y v a l v e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t. Material Movement and Custodial T R U C K D R IV E R D r iv e s a t r u c k w ith in a c it y o r in d u s t r ia l a r e a t o t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b e tw e e n v a r io u s t y p e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s u c h a s : M a n u fa c tu r in g p la n ts , fr e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e s a le and r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s in e s s . M a y a ls o lo a d o r u n loa d t r u c k w ith o r w ith o u t h e l p e r s , m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o r k in g o r d e r . S a le s r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , r a t e d c a p a c it y o f t r u c k , as f o l l o w s : t r u c k d r iv e r s R e c e i v e r s t y p ic a lly a re r e s p o n s i b l e f o r m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : V e r if y in g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f in c o m in g s h ip m e n ts b y c o m p a r in g it e m s and q u a n titie s u n lo a d e d a g a in st b i l l s o f la d in g , i n v o i c e s , m a n if e s t s , s to r a g e r e c e i p t s , o r o th e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r d a m a g e d g o o d s ; in s u r in g that g o o d s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e ly id e n t ifie d f o r r o u tin g t o d e p a rtm e n ts w ith in the e s t a b lis h m e n t ; p r e p a r in g and k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f g o o d s r e c e i v e d . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as fo llo w s : S h ip p e r R e c e iv e r S h ip p e r and r e c e i v e r W AREH OU SEM AN A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s w h ich r e q u ir e an u n d e r sta n d in g o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p la n . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : V e r if y in g m a t e r ia ls (o r m e r c h a n d is e ) a g a in st r e c e iv in g d o c u m e n t s , n o tin g and r e p o r t in g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; ro u tin g m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n s ; s t o r i n g , s ta c k in g , o r p a lle t iz in g m a t e r ia ls in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; re a rrs in g in g and ta k in g in v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls and r e p o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s t o r a g e and p r e p a r in g it f o r s h ip m e n t. M a y o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r tr u c k s in p e r fo r m in g w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s . E x c lu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u tie s in v o lv e sh ip p in g and r e c e iv in g w o r k (s e e S h ip p e r and R e c e i v e r and S h ip p in g P a c k e r ) , o r d e r fillin g ( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r t r u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ). a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e and T r u c k d r i v e r , lig h t t r u c k ( s t r a ig h t t r u c k , u n d e r 1V2 t o n s , u s u a lly 4 w h e e ls ) T r u c k d r i v e r , m e d iu m t r u c k (s t r a ig h t t r u c k , IV2 t o 4 to n s i n c lu s iv e , u s u a lly 6 w h e e l s ) T r u c k d r iv e r , h eavy tr u ck (s t r a ig h t t r u c k , o v e r 4 t o n s , u s u a lly 10 w h e e ls ) T r u c k d r iv e r , t r a c t o r -t r a ile r S h ip p e r s t y p ic a lly a r e r e s p o n s ib le f o r m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : V e r if y in g that o r d e r s a re a c c u r a t e ly f i l l e d b y c o m p a r in g it e m s and q u a n titie s o f g o o d s g a t h e r e d f o r s h ip m e n t a g a in st d o c u m e n t s ; in s u r in g that s h ip m e n ts a r e p r o p e r l y p a c k a g e d , id e n t ifie d w ith sh ip p in g in fo r m a t io n , and lo a d e d in to t r a n s p o r t in g v e h i c l e s ; p r e p a r in g and k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f g o o d s s h ip p e d , e . g . , m a n if e s t s , b ills o f la d in g . O R D E R F IL L E R F il ls sh ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r f in is h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c if ic a t io n s on s a le s s lip s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o th e r in s t r u c t io n s . M a y , in a d d itio n to f illin g o r d e r s and in d ic a t in g it e m s f i l l e d o r o m it t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s , r e q u is it io n a d d itio n a l s t o c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s t o s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m o th e r r e la t e d d u tie s . S H IP P IN G P A C K E R G U A R D — C on tin u ed P r e p a r e s f in is h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g t h e m in s h ip p in g c o n t a in e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p en d en t upon the t y p e , s i z e , and n u m b e r o f u nits to b e p a c k e d , th e ty p e o f c o n ta in e r e m p lo y e d , and m e t h o d o f s h ip m e n t. W o r k r e q u i r e s th e p la c in g o f it e m s in s h ip p in g c o n t a in e r s and m a y in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e o f v a r io u s it e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r t o v e r i f y c o n te n t; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r ia t e ty p e and s i z e o f c o n t a in e r ; in s e r t in g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u sin g e x c e l s i o r o r o th e r m a t e r i a l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c lo s i n g and s e a lin g c o n t a in e r ; and a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n t e r in g id e n t ify in g da ta on c o n t a in e r . P a c k e r s w h o a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d . f o o t o r b y m o t o r v e h i c l e , o r e s c o r t i n g p e r s o n s o r p r o p e r t y . M a y b e d e p u t iz e d to m a k e a r r e s t s . M a y a ls o h e lp v i s i t o r s and c u s t o m e r s b y a n s w e r in g q u e s t io n s and g iv in g d ir e c t io n s . G u a rd s e m p lo y e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h p r o v id e p r o t e c t i v e v i c e s on a c o n t r a c t b a s is a r e in c lu d e d in t h is o c c u p a t io n . F o r w a ge stu dy p u r p o s e s , g u a r d s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s : C la s s A . E n fo r c e s r e g u la t io n s d e s ig n e d to p r e v e n t b r e a c h e s o f s e c u r ity . E x e r c i s e s ju d g m e n t and u s e s d i s c r e t i o n in d e a lin g w ith e m e r g e n c ie s and s e c u r it y v io la t io n s e n c o u n t e r e d . D e t e r m in e s w h e th e r f i r s t r e s p o n s e s h o u ld b e to in te r v e n e d i r e c t l y (a s k in g f o r a s s i s t a n c e w h e n d e e m e d n e c e s s a r y and t im e a llo w s ), to k e e p s itu a tio n u n d e r s u r v e i l l a n c e , o r t o r e p o r t s itu a tio n s o that it ca n b e h a n d le d b y a p p r o p r ia t e a u t h o r ity . D u tie s r e q u ir e s p e c i a l i z e d t r a in in g in m e t h o d s and t e c h n iq u e s o f p r o t e c t in g s e c u r it y a r e a s . C o m m o n ly , th e g u a rd is r e q u i r e d t o d e m o n s t r a t e c o n tin u in g p h y s ic a l f it n e s s and p r o f i c i e n c y w ith f i r e a r m s o r o t h e r s p e c i a l w e a p o n s . M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, s t o r e , o r o th e r e s t a b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L o a d in g and u n lo a d in g v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r f r o m fr e ig h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e b y h a n d t r u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w . L on gshore w o r k e r s , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d s h ip s , a r e e x c lu d e d . C la s s B . C a r r ie s out in s t r u c t io n s p r i m a r i l y o r ie n t e d t o w a r d in s u r in g th at e m e r g e n c i e s and s e c u r i t y v io la t io n s a re r e a d ily d is c o v e r e d and r e p o r t e d to a p p r o p r ia t e a u t h o r ity . I n t e r v e n e s d i r e c t l y o n ly in s itu a tio n s w h ich r e q u ir e m in im a l a c t io n t o s a fe g u a r d p r o p e r t y o r p e r s o n s . D u tie s r e q u ir e m in im a l t r a in in g . C o m m o n ly , th e g u a r d is n o t r e q u ir e d t o d e m o n s t r a t e p h y s ic a l f it n e s s . M ay be a r m e d , b u t g e n e r a lly is n ot r e q u i r e d t o d e m o n s t r a te p r o f i c i e n c y in th e u s e o f f i r e a r m s o r s p e c i a l w eap on s. P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o l l e d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in d s a b ou t a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e t r u c k , as f o llo w s : J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f p o w e r - C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d it io n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r tm e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. D u ties in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s , t r a s h , and o th e r r e f u s e ; d u stin g e q u ip m e n t, fu r n it u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l f ix t u r e s o r t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m i n o r m a in t e n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; and c le a n in g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r k lift o p e r a to r P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r (o th e r th a n f o r k lif t ) GUARD P r o t e c t s p r o p e r t y f r o m th e ft o r d a m a g e , o r p e r s o n s f r o m h a z a r d s o r i n t e r f e r e n c e . D u tie s in v o lv e s e r v in g at a fix e d p o s t , m a k in g r o u n d s on ser 24 Area Wage Surveys A l i s t o f th e l a t e s t b u lle t in s a v a ila b le is p r e s e n t e d b e lo w . B u lle tin s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m a n y o f th e B L S r e g io n a l o f f i c e s s h o w n on th e b a c k c o v e r , o r f r o m th e S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U .S. G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 . M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le to S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o cu m e n ts. A d i r e c t o r y o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e s u r v e y s , c o v e r i n g th e y e a r s 1970 th r o u g h 1 9 7 7 , is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t . A rea Akron, Ohio, Dec. 1978 _______________________________________ Albany— Schenectady^Troy, N. Y ., Sept. 197 8 1_______________ Anaheim— Santa Ana—Garden Grove, C alif., Oct. 1 9 7 8 1 ____________________________________________ Atlanta, G a ., May 1979________________________________________ Baltim ore, Md., Aug. 1 9 7 8 1 __________________________________ Billings, Mont., July 19 7 8 ____________________________________ Birmingham, A la ., M ar. 1978________________________________ Boston, M a ss., Aug. 1 9 7 8 1___________________________________ Buffalo, N .Y ., Oct. 1978 1_____________________________________ Canton, Ohio, May 1978_______________________________________ Chattanooga, T en n .-G a ., Sept. 1978 1________________________ Chicago, 111., May 1979________________________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio— Ky.—Ind., July 1979 1_______________________ Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1978___________________________________ Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 1 9 7 8 1 __________________________________ Corpus Christi, T ex., July 1979 1 ____________________________ D allas— Fort Worth, T ex ., Oct. 1978 1________________________ Davenport—Rock Island— Moline, Iowa— 111., Feb. 1979______ Dayton, Ohio, Dec. 1978 ______________________________________ Daytona Beach, F la ., Aug. 1978 _____________________________ Denver— Boulder, C olo., Dec. 1978___________________________ Detroit, M ich., M ar. 1979 1___________________________________ Fresno, C alif., June 1979____________________________________ Gainesville, F la ., Sept. 1978 _________________________________ Gary— Hammond— ast Chicago, Ind., Oct. 1979 1____________ E Green Bay, W is., July 1979__________________________________ Greensboro— inston-Salem — W High Point, N .C ., Aug. 1978_______________________________________________ Greenville— Spartanburg, S .C ., June 1979 1__________________ Hartford, Conn., M ar. 1979___________________________________ Houston, T ex., A pr. 1979_____________________________________ Huntsville, A la ., Feb. 1979____________________________________ Indianapolis, Ind., Oct. 1978 1 ________________________________ Jackson, M is s ., Jan. 1979 1___________________________________ Jacksonville, F la ., Dec. 1978 ________________________________ Kansas City, M o .-K a n s., Sept. 1978_________________________ Los Angeles—Long Beach, C a lif., Oct. 1978 1 _______________ Louisville, Ky.—Ind., Nov. 197 8 ______________________________ M emphis, Tenn.— rk.—M i s s ., Nov. 1978 ____________________ A B u lle tin n u m b e r and p r i c e * 2025-63, $ 1.00 2025-58, $1 .2 0 2025-65, $1 .3 0 2050-20, $1.30 2025-50, $1 .5 0 2025-38, $1 .0 0 2025-15, 80 cents 2025-43, $1 .5 0 2025-71, $1 .3 0 2025-22, 70 cents 2025-51, $ 1 .2 0 2050-21, $ 1 .7 5 2050 -2 8, $ 2 .0 0 2025-49, $ 1.30 2025-59, $ 1.50 2050 -3 3, $ 1.75 2025-52, $ 1 .5 0 2050-10, $1 .0 0 2025-66, $ 1 .0 0 2025-48, $ 1 .0 0 2025-68, $ 1 .2 0 2050-7, $1.50 2050-25, $ 1.50 2025-45, $ 1 .0 0 (To be surveyed) 2050-31, $1 .5 0 2025-46, 2050-29, 2050-12, 2050-15, 2050 -3 , 2025-57, 2050-9, 2025-67, 2025-53, 2025-61, 2025 -6 9, 2025-62, $ 1.00 $ 1.75 $ 1.10 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1.00 $1 .5 0 $1.20 $ 1.00 $ 1.30 $1 .5 0 $ 1.00 $ 1.00 A rea Miami, F la ., Oct. 1 9 7 8 1 _______________________________________ Milwaukee, W is., Apr. 1979__________________________________ Minneapolis— St. Paul, Minn.—W is., Jan. 1979_______________ Nassau— Suffolk, N. Y., June 1978 1____________________________ Newark, N.J., Jan. 1979______________________________________ New Orleans, La., Jan. 1979 1_______________________________ New York, N .Y .-N .J ., May 1979_____________________________ Norfolk—Virginia Beach— Portsmouth, Va.— N .C ., May 1979 1 _____________________________________________ Norfolk—Virginia Beach— Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va.— .C ., May 1978___________ _ N Northeast Pennsylvania, Aug. 1979 1_________________________ Oklahoma City, Okla., Aug. 1978_____________________________ Omaha, Nebr.— Iowa, Oct. 197 8 _______________________________ Paterson— Clifton— Passaic, N.J., June 1979_____________ ,___ Philadelphia, P a .-N .J ., Nov. 1978 ___________________________ Pittsburgh, P a ., Jan. 1979 1__________________________________ Portland, Maine, Dec. 1978 1 _________________________________ Portland, Oreg.—W ash., May 1979 ___________________________ Poughkeepsie, N. Y ., June 1979______________________________ Poughkeepsie— Kingston— Newburgh, N .Y ., June 1978 1 _____ Providence— Warwick— Pawtucket, R.I.— M a ss., June 1978_____________________________________________ Richmond, V a ., June 1979____________________________________ St. Louis, Mo.— 111., Mar. 1979 1 _____________________________ Sacramento, C a lif., Dec. 1978 ______________________________ _ Saginaw, M ich., Nov. 1978 ___________________________________ Salt Lake City-Ogden, Utah, Nov. 1 9 7 8 1 ____________________ San Antonio, T e x ., May 1979__________________________________ San Diego, C alif., Nov. 1978__________________________________ San Francisco— Oakland, C alif., Mar. 1979__________________ San Jose, C a lif., Mar. 1979___________________________________ Seattle—Everett, W ash., Dec. 1978___________________________ South Bend, Ind., Aug. 1978___________________________________ Toledo, Ohio— ich., May 1979_______________________________ M Trenton, N .J ., Sept. 1978 1 ___________________________________ Utica-R om e, N .Y ., July 1978_________________________________ Washington, D .C .-M d .-V a ., M ar. 1979______________________ Wichita, K ans., Apr. 1979____________________________________ W orcester, M a ss., Apr. 1979________________________________ York, Pa., Feb. 1979__________________________________________ B u lle tin n u m b e r and p r i c e * 2025-60, 2050-8, 2050-1, 2025-33, 2050-5, 2050-2, 2050-30, $1.30 $1.30 $1.30 $1.30 $ 1.30 $1.30 $ 1.75 2050-22, $ 1.75 2025-21, 2050-32, 2025-40, 2025-56, 2050-26, 2025-54, 2050-11, 2025-70, 2050-27, 2050-34, 2025-42, 80 cents $ 1.75 $ 1.00 $1.00 $1.50 $1.30 $ 1.50 $ 1.20 $ 1.75 $1.50 $1.20 2025-27, $1.40 2050-24, $1.50 2050 -13, $1.50 2025-75, $ 1.00 2025-64, $1.00 2025-72, $1.30 2050-17, $1.00 2025-73, $1.00 2050-14, $1.20 2050-19, $1.10 2025-74, $1.00 2025-44, $ 1.00 2050-16, $1.10 2025-55, $1.20 2025-34, $1.00 2050-4, $1.20 2050-18, $ 1.00 2050-23, $ 1.50 2050-6, $1.00 * Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change. 1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Third Class Mail Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 Lab-441 Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices Region I Region I I Region 11 1 Region IV 1603 J F K Federal B uild in g Government Center Boston, M ass 02203 Phone 223-6761 (Area Code 617) Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N Y. 10036 Phone: 399-5406 (A re a C o d e 212) 3535 Market Street, P.O. Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa. 19101 Phone: 596-1154 (A re a C o d e 215) Suite 540 1371 Peachtree St., N.E. 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