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3 Area Wage Survey - : Poughkeepsie— Kingston— Newburgh, New York Area, June 1979 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Bulletin 2050- 35 Ulster Kingston Dutchess Poughkeepsie Newburgh Orange Preface This b u lletin p r o v id e s r e su lts o f a June 1979 su rv ey o f o c c u pation al ea rn in gs in the P ou gh k eep sie— ingston— ew burgh, New Y ork A r e a . K N The su rv ey was m ade as p a rt o f the B u reau o f L abor S tatistics* annual a rea w age su rv ey p r o g r a m . It w as con du cted by the B u re a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in New Y o r k , N .Y ., under the g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n o f Anthony J. F e r r a r a , A ssista n t R eg ion a l C o m m is sio n e r fo r O p era tion s. The su rv ey cou ld not have been a c c o m p lis h e d without the co o p e ra tio n o f the m any fir m s w hose wage and s a la ry data p ro v id e d the b a sis fo r the s ta tis tica l in fo rm a tio n in this b u lletin . The B ureau w ish es to e x p r e s s s in c e r e a p p recia tion fo r the co o p e ra tio n r e c e iv e d . M a teria l in this pu blica tion is in the p u b lic dom ain and m ay be re p ro d u c e d w ithout p e r m is s io n o f the F e d e r a l G overn m en t. P le a se c re d it the B u reau o f L ab or S ta tistics and cite the nam e and num ber o f this pu blica tion . Note: C u rren t r e p o r ts on occu p a tion a l earn ings in the P ou gh k eep sie— K ingston—N ewburgh a rea are availab le fo r the laundry and dry cleaning (June 1979) and m ovin g and sto ra g e (June 1979) in d u s tr ie s . F r e e c o p ie s o f th ese are available fr o m the B u re a u 's r e g io n a l o f f ic e s . (See ba ck c o v e r fo r a d d r e s s e s .) Area Wage Survey Poughkeepsie— Kingston— Newburgh, New York Area, June 1979 U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary C o n ten ts Page Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood Commissioner November 1979 Bulletin 2050-35 For sale by the Superintendent ot Docu ments. U S Government Printing Office. Washington D C 20402. GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover Digitized 50 Make checks payable to Super for FRASER Price $1 http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ intendent of Documents Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Page Appendix A. Scope and method of su rvey ________ 14 Appendix B. Occupational description s__________ 17 T ables: Earnings, all establishm ents: A - l . Weekly earnings of o ffice w ork ers______ A -2. Weekly earnings o f p rofession a l and technical w o r k e r s _________________ A -3. A verage w eekly earnings of office, p rofession a l, and technical w ork ers, by sex_____________ A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom , and powerplant A -5. A -6. A -7. A -8. A -9. 3 5 6 Hourly earnings of m aterial m ovement and custodial w o r k e r s _____ 8 A verage hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom , p o w e rplant, m aterial m ovem ent, and custodial w ork ers, by s e x ____________ 9 P ercen t in creases in average hourly earnings fo r selected occupational g ro u p s_____________________ 10 A verage pay relationships within establishm ents fo r w h ite-collar w ork ers_______________ 11 A verage pay relationships within establishm ents fo r b lu e-colla r w o r k e r s ________________ 12 Introduction T h is a r e a is 1 o f 72 in w h ich the U.S. D epartm en t of L a b o r 's B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s con d u cts su rv e y s o f occu p a tion a l earn in g s and re la te d b e n e fits. (See lis t of a r e a s on in sid e b a ck c o v e r .) In each a r e a , earn in gs data fo r s e le c t e d occu p a tion s ( A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) a r e c o lle c t e d annually. In form a tion on esta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age ben efits ( B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) is obtain ed e v e r y th ird y e a r. T h is r e p o r t has no B - s e r i e s ta b le s . m anu factu ring and nonm anufacturing in d u str ie s . T he occu p a tion s a re defin ed in A pp endix B. F o r the 31 la r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s , ta b les A - 10 through A - 15 p r o v id e s im ila r data fo r esta b lish m en ts em p loyin g 500 w o r k e r s or m o r e . T ab le A -7 p rov id es p e r ce n t ch a n g es in a v e r a g e h ou rly earn in gs o f o ffic e c le r ic a l w o r k e r s , e le c tr o n ic data p r o c e s s in g w o r k e r s , in d u stria l n u r s e s , sk illed m aintenance tra d es w o r k e r s , and u n sk illed plant w o r k e r s . W h ere p o s s ib le , data a r e p re se n te d fo r a ll in d u stries and fo r m a n u fa c turing and nonm anufacturing se p a ra te ly . Data a r e not p r e se n te d fo r sk ille d m a in ten an ce w o rk e r s in n onm anufacturing b e c a u s e the n um ber o f w o r k e r s em p loy ed in this occu p ation al grou p in nonm an ufacturin g is to o s m a ll to w a rra n t sep arate p resen ta tion . T h is ta ble p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e o f w age tren d s a fter elim in ation o f changes in a v e r a g e ea rn in gs ca u se d by e m p lo y m ent sh ifts am ong estab lish m en ts as w e ll as tu rn o v e r o f esta b lish m en ts in clu d ed in su rvey sa m p les. F o r fu rth er d e ta ils , s e e appendix A. E a ch y e a r a fte r a ll in dividu al a r e a w age su rv ey s have been c o m p le te d , tw o su m m a ry b u lletin s a r e is su e d . T h e fir s t b r in g s tog eth er data fo r each m e tro p o lita n a r e a su r v e y e d ; the se c o n d p r e se n ts national and r e g io n a l e s t im a te s , p r o je c t e d fr o m in dividu al m e tro p o lita n a re a data, fo r a ll Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a s in the U nited S ta tes, ex clu din g A la sk a and H aw aii. A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the a r e a w age su rv e y p r o g r a m is the n eed to d e s c r ib e the le v e l and m o v em en t o f w ages in a v a r ie ty o f la b o r m a r k e ts , th rough the a n a ly s is o f (1) the le v e l and d is tr ib u tio n o f w ag es b y occu p a tio n , and (2) the m ov em en t o f w ag es b y o ccu p a tio n a l c a te g o r y and sk ill le v e l. The p r o g r a m d e v e lo p s in fo rm a tio n that m a y be u sed fo r m any p u r p o s e s , in cluding w age and s a la r y a d m in istra tio n , c o lle c t iv e b a rg a in in g , and a s s is ta n c e in d eterm in in g plant lo c a tio n . S u rv e y r e s u lts a ls o a r e u se d by the U.S. D e p a r t m ent o f L a b o r to m ake w age d e te rm in a tio n s u n d er the S e r v ic e C o n tra ct A c t o f 1965. T a b les A - 8 and A -9 p ro v id e fo r the fir s t tim e m e a s u r e s o f a v e ra g e pay r ela tion sh ip s w ithin esta b lish m en ts. T h e s e m e a s u r e s m a y d iffe r c o n s id e ra b ly fr o m the pay rela tion sh ip s o f o v e r a ll a v e r a g e s pu blish ed in ta b les A - l th rough A -6 . See appendix A fo r d e ta ils . A pp en d ixes A ppendix A d e s c r ib e s the m eth od s and c o n c e p ts u sed in the a r e a w age s u r v e y p r o g r a m and p r o v id e s in fo rm a tio n on the s c o p e o f the su rvey . A - s e r i e s ta b les or Appendix B p ro v id e s jo b d e s c r ip tio n s p re se n ta tiv e s to c la s s ify w o rk e r s by o ccu p a tion . T a b le s A - l th rou gh A - 6 p r o v id e e stim a te s o f str a ig h t-tim e w eek ly h o u rly ea rn in g s f o r w o r k e r s in occu p a tio n s c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f 2 u sed by B u reau fie ld re E a rn in g s Table A-1. W eekly earnings of office workers, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979 W e e k ly earnings (standard) N um ber O cc u p a tion and in d u str y d i v is i o n of * NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING A verage w eek ly (standard) STRAIGHT-TINE ^ M edian 2 M iddle range & WEEKLY EARNIN 6 S ( I N DOLLARS) OF — 130 14 0 150 160 lINnFR AND 1 2 0 UNDER 130 140 150 160 170 18 0 13 11 11 210 2 20 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 30 0 220 230 240 250 2 «0 270 280 29 0 300 310 2 6 2 2 2 3 5 1 3 3 5 1 120 M ean 170 1 2 1 *4 180 190 200 190 200 210 17 310 AND OVER secretaries: 105 39.5 *195.50 *1 78 .00 SECR ET ARI ES. CLASS B: NON MANUFACTURING......................... ................. 16 3 9.5 2 45 .50 245.50 1 7 8 .0 0 - 3 09 .00 SECR ET ARI ES. CLASS C : NONMANUFACTURING• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 41 39.5 1 83 .00 173.00 1 40 .00 - 2 08 .00 23 39.5 1 87 .00 178.00 1 5 0 .0 0 - 2 13 .00 31 4 0.0 1 68 .50 1 6 6 .00 1 5 2 .5 0 - 179 .00 2 30 .00 2 5 6 .50 1 6 6 .0 0 - 256 .50 T Y P ISTS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 39.0 1 50 .50 1 4 5 .00 1 3 5 .0 0 - 1 60 .00 1 46 .00 1 4 5 .00 1 3 5 .0 0 - 160 .00 F IL E 87 85 39.0 39.0 135 .00 1 32 .50 125.00 125.00 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 - 140 .00 140 .00 **24 24 28 28 84 83 39.0 3 9.0 1 30 .00 1 29 .00 124.50 1 2 4 .00 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 - 1 39 .50 139 .00 24 24 28 28 26 39.5 1 59.00 1 45 .00 1 2 5 .0 0 - 171 .50 3 48 43 3 9.5 39.5 1 75 .00 1 6 9 .50 147.00 145.00 1 3 0 .0 0 1 28 .00 - 215 .00 191 .00 11 11 8 51 30 146 .50 152 .50 137 .50 1 45 .00 145.00 1 3 0 .00 1 2 6 .5 0 1 2 6 .5 0 1 1 7 .5 0 - 1 5 4 .50 1 63 .50 1 5 0 .50 10 8 21 39.0 3 9.0 39.0 41 41 40.0 4 0.0 203 .00 2 03.00 2 0 0 .0 0 2 0 0 .0 0 1 4 5 . DO1 4 5 .00- 260 .00 2 6 0 .00 303 83 220 39.5 40.0 39.5 1 72 .50 193 .00 1 64 .50 1 6 6 .00 185.50 158.00 1 4 4 .0 0 1 5 6 .5 0 1 4 0 .0 0 - 2 01 .50 224.00 1 8 5 .00 78 37 41 39.5 39.5 40.0 202 .50 225.00 1 8 2 .00 2 0 0 .0 0 1 7 1 .5 0 - 224 .00 172.00 2 1 0 . 00- 2 2 4 .00 2 4 1 .00 186 .50 secretaries, class : N0NMANUFACTURIN6.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SECRETARIES* CLASS E . • • • • • • • • • • • • C L E R K S . ................................................................ CLERKS* SWITCHBOARD CLASS C .................. ................. 2 2 8 1 1 3 1 13 10 12 12 10 11 11 11 11 13 13 2 11 11 13 13 2 2 i 1 1 1 1 _ 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 1 1 2 3 8 8 OPERATOR- MA N U FA C TU R I N G .. .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • NONMANUFACTURING. . . . . * ** *** 1 d STEN06RAPHERS: NONMANUFACTURING.• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • FILE * 1 5 4 .5 0 - (2 1 4.0 0 W orkers W orkers W orkers Se e f o o t n o t e s w ere w ere w ere d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s : at $ 1 1 0 t o $ 1 2 0 . d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s : 1 7 0 .0 0 - 1 a t $ 3 1 0 to $ 3 20 ; 2 a t $ 320 to $ 33 0 ; and 2 at $ 1 0 0 to $ 1 1 0 ; and 4 at $ 1 1 0 11 16 16 17 17 65 59 38 17 20 21 14 30 14 13 17 17 4 13 16 3 13 4 14 13 1 25 23 8 26 14 17 1 at $ 3 5 0 to $360. to $ 1 2 0 . 3 10 3 9 15 at e n d o f t a b l e s . 10 10 2 5 8 1 4 9 1 i 8 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ Table A-1. W eekly earnings of office workers, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979— Continued W eek ly earnings 1 (standard) Number O c c u p a t i o n a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n workers A vera ge w eek ly hours 1 (standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT- TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) OF— 310 AND OVER 120 M ean 2 M edian 2 M id d le range 2 130 1 40 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 2 20 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 UNDER AND 1 2 0 UNDER 130 140 1 50 160 170 180 19 0 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 17 17 65 37 17 15 13 6 6 2 16 4 - - - - _ _ - _ _ _ _ 59 20 9 2 11 13 9 4 13 6 4 12 13 - 12 - - - - - - - - 1 - 1 1 9 2 1 _ “ 1 1 1 8 14 14 - 9 9 1 26 26 ~ - 19 12 4 5 7 5 2 2 3 9 5 4 3 19 17 3 14 l - 1 6 2 1 1 7 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 ACC0UMTIN6 CLERKS— CONTINUED 225 AG 179 39.5 4 0.0 3 9 .0 $162.00 167.00 1 60 .50 $ 15 0.0 0 160 .00 149.00 70 55 15 4 0.0 4 0 .0 39.5 194.00 195.50 1 87 .50 180 .00 1 98.00 170.00 1 8 0 .0 0 1 8 0 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 - 2 0 1 .50 2 00 .50 195 .50 149 46 103 3 9 .5 40.0 3 9 .0 169.00 205 .00 153.00 1 49.50 213 .00 135 .00 1 2 9 .0 0 1 7 0 .5 0 1 2 3 .5 0 - 210 .50 2 28 .00 161 .00 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A MANUFACTURING................................... NONMANUFACTURING.............................. 52 35 17 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 2 1 1 .50 212 .50 209 .50 2 1 0 .0 0 2 33.50 2 37 .00 216 .50 _ 2 17.00 1 98.00 1 7 8 .5 0 1 7 7 .0 0 1 7 9 .0 0 - KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING.......................... 97 39.0 39.0 1 46 .00 1 42 .00 135 .00 132.00 1 2 1 .5 0 121. 00- 149 .50 1 42.00 14 14 ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B . . MANUFACTURING...................................... NONMANUFACTURING.............................. PAYROLL CLERKS............................................ MANUFACTURING...................................... . NONMANUFACTURING.............................. KEY ENTRY OPERATORS............... .............. MANUFACTURING...................................... NONMANUFACTURING.............................. * W orkers w ere Se e f o o t n o t e s 86 $ 1 4 0 .0 0 - $ 18 4.0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 - 1 8 4 .00 1 4 0 .0 0 - 181.00 16 2 - 16 2 - - * 14 * 14 25 25 - 5 1 25 25 19 19 at $ 1 1 0 to $ 1 2 0 . at en d o f t a b l e s . 4 1 16 13 6 4 1 12 _ _ 1 - 2 2 - - - 2 2 - 1 1 _ - _ 2 ~ - - 1 - - - 1 - - 3 10 9 _ 7 __ 4 _ _ 2 1 7 3 6 - 2 4 4 - 1 1 - 1 - _ 3 3 3 - 5 3 6 6 2 3 2 1 3 3 1 3 3 - - - 4 3 _ 3 5 2 - _ 5 - 2 2 - - - 5 5 4 4 - _ - 1 1 - 3 - - _ 4 _ _ - 1 - - - 3 - - _ _ Table A -2 . W eekly earnings of professional and technical workers, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979 W eek ly earnings 1 (standard) O c c u p a t i o n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers A vera ge w eek ly hours * (standard) M ean 2 M edian 2 COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) : NONMANUFACTURING......................................... ... 15 39.5 $311•50 $ 30 6.5 0 COMPUTER o p e r a t o r s : NONMANUFACTURING............................................ NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME M iddle r a n g e 2 * 2 9 0 .5 0 - *3 1 3 .0 0 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 160 170 18 0 190 200 210 220 2 30 OF— 260 270 280 300 320 34 0 360 380 270 280 300 320 340 36 0 380 400 4 7 240 2 50 240 250 2 60 1 - - 4 8 - 2 2 0 0 .0 0 3 - - 4 8 - 2 - - - - 1 1 5 5 - “ 4 4 240 .00 2 40 .00 - 309 .00 292 .00 - _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - 4 4 - 2 88 .00 2 5 4 .00 2 58 .00 2 27 .50 - 3 00 .00 300 .00 _ - _ 4 4 1 1 _ _ 367 .50 367 .50 3 7 4 .50 3 7 4 .50 3 50 .00 3 50 .00 - 4 0 .0 40.0 40.0 3 19 .50 3 77 .00 377 .00 299.00 3 9 2 .50 392.50 2 80 .00 3 50 .50 3 50 .50 - 3 74.50 392 .50 3 92.50 40.0 40.0 2 6 7 .00 271 .50 2 9 0 .00 2 9 1 .00 2 26 .50 2 35 .50 - 299 .50 301 .50 - - 3 1 85 .00 1 4 4 .0 0 - 1 90 .50 21 3 9 .0 210 .50 185.00 178 .00 - □RAFTERS............................................................................ MANUFACTURING..................................................... 118 SO 39.5 40.0 287 .50 2 70 .00 2 88 .00 266.00 256 .00 240 .00 - ORAFTERS. CLASS B............................................ MANUFACTURING..................................................... 50 44 40.0 40.0 280 .00 267 .00 2 68 .00 2 6 5 .00 DRAFTERS. CLASS C ............................................ MANUFACTURING..................................................... 53 24 3 9.0 40.0 2 80 .00 2 5 4 .00 ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS: NONMANUFACTURING............................................ PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ....................................... 102 102 40.0 40.0 ELECTRONICS TECHN IC IA NS. CLASS B . NONMANUFACTURING............................................ PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ...................................... 235 87 87 REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES.................. MANUFACTURING..................................................... 19 18 - _ * 2 “ 3 3 6 6 9 9 6 9 9 1 1 6 6 5 5 3 3 6 6 2 2 _ 4 4 3 1 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 5 - - - - _ _ - _ - - - - at en d o f ta b le s . 5 7 1 7 2 1 1 1 1 1 - “ 2 2 1 1 _ - - - 5 _ 1 12 3 - 5 - 8 8 5 5 1 1 3 3 - 5 22 1 8 8 _ 5 1 - 2 3 1 1 - 8 6 6 63 _ “ 5 5 2 - * - 9 9 23 23 19 19 45 45 19 5 26 23 23 19 19 19 45 45 45 - - - - - - - 1 1 - 5 5 33 45 - 13 13 4 2 - 3 3 92.50 392 .50 195 .50 400 AND OVER 3 - 1 300 .00 300 .00 39.5 CIN DOLLARS) 230 - 9 28 COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B : NONMANUFACTURING............................................ S ee f o o t n o t e s 140 AND UNDER 150 WEEKLY EARNINGS 220 2 2 2 2 1 1 - - Table A -3 . Average w eekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y ., June 1979 Average (mean2 ) O ccupation, s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers Weekly hours (standard) Weekly earnings1 (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS UOHEN 104 SEC RETARIES. CLASS BI NONHANUFACTURING................................... SEC RETARIES. s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n 3 4.5 $ 19 6.0 0 16 39.5 51 30 82 213 1 83 .00 39.5 40.0 39.5 172 .50 192 .00 1 65.00 39.5 4 0.0 224 .50 1 84.00 46 177 40.0 39.0 1 62.00 1 67.00 1 61.00 68 40.0 40.0 1 92 .50 1 94.00 102 39.5 4 0.0 39.0 1 68 .50 203 .50 1 53 .00 51 34 17 40.0 40.0 39.5 210 .50 96 85 3 9.0 3 9.0 1 46 .50 1 42 .00 168 .50 27 4 0 .0 2 30 .00 48 3 9 .0 40 39.5 NON MANUFACTURING______________ . . . . 150 .50 1 46 .00 54 147 45 39«5 1 33 .00 CLERKS. $ 14 6.5 0 152 .50 137 .50 36 36 1 87 .00 31 FILE 39.0 3 9.0 3 9.0 CLASS 0 ! CLASS 8 ............................................... CLASS C . . . . . . ............... 81 39.0 131 .00 1 29 .50 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS* KEY ENTRY N0NHANUFACTURIN6... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 43 39.5 39.5 s e x . 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n COHPUTER PROGRAHHERS SUITCHBOARD OPERATORR F rr pTT nN T <;t <;________ . . . . . . . . . CLASS Cl 3 9.5 O ccupation, OPERATORS* Weekly hours1 (standard Weekly earnings1 (standard) (B U SIN ESS): COHPUTER PROGRAHHERS (B U SIN ESS). 37 4 0.0 1300.00 DRAFTERS........................................................................... M A NUF AC TUR ING .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ....................................... 98 78 20 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 288.00 270.50 3 5 5 .50 DRAFTERS* CLASS B..................... .. HANUFACTURING..................................................... 49 44 4 0 .0 40.0 2 8 0 .00 267.00 DRAFTERS* CLASS C ............................................ M A N U F A C T U R IN G ................... 35 23 3 9.5 4 0.0 277.50 255.00 U T I L I T I E S ....................................... 102 102 4 0.0 4 0.0 367.50 3 67 .50 ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS* CLASS B . NONMANUFACTURING....................................... PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ....................................... 233 87 87 40.0 4 0 .0 40.0 3 2 0 .00 3 7 7 .00 377.00 19 18 4 0.0 40.0 2 67.00 2 7 1 .50 2 4 5 .50 23 TYPISTS. Weekly Weekly earnings1 hours (standard) (standard) Number of workers PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - HEN 21 41 SECRE TA RIES. O ccupation, OFFICE OCCUPATIONS UOHEN— CONTINUED secretaries: Average (mean2) Average (mean2) Number of workers CLASS CLASS 1 75.00 169 .50 6 A ... 8. . . ELECTRONICS PUBLIC TECHNICIANS: PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - UOHEN 2 1 1 .0 0 2 09.50 REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES.................. HANUFACTURING..................................................... Table A -4 . Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom , and powerplant workers, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979 Hourly earnings * NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT -T IM E Number Occupation and industry division workers Mean 2 Median 2 A . 60 A . 80 AND UNDER A . 80 5 . 0 0 5 . AO 5 . 6 0 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 5 .8 0 6 .0 0 6 .2 0 6 . AO 6 . 6 0 A 2 5 .0 0 5 .2 0 5 .2 0 5 . AO 5 . 6 0 2 - - - 9 9 - - - - - ~ - * 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 - * 6 .6 5 6 .6 5 8 . AA 8 . AA 6 .9 1 6 .9 1 - 9 .6 7 8 . AA 7 .2 0 7 .0 9 6 .A 9 - 8 .3 A 2 - - 2 - 7 .7 2 7 .7 2 8 .0 0 8 .0 0 6 .6 5 6 .6 5 - 8 .AA 8 . AA _ _ - - - - - 168 83 8 .0 A 6 .6 2 9 . A3 6 .6 3 6 .6 3 6 .3 0 - 9 .A 3 7 .1 1 - _ 1 AA 111 7 .6 A 6 .7 0 7 .8 A 7 .9 9 7 .1 1 7 .0 0 7 .2 0 7 .2 0 6 .5 0 5 .5 0 6 .5 6 7 .0 0 - 9 . AA 7 .1 1 9.A A 9 . AA TOOL AND DIE MAKERS............................................ MANUFACTURING..................................................... 128 128 7 .6 0 7 .6 0 7 . 1A 7 .1 A 6 .6 5 6 .6 5 - 8 .5 5 8 .5 5 BOILER T E N D E R S . . . .................................................. MANUFACTURING..................................................... 59 59 7 .2 A 7 .2 A 7 .7 5 7 .7 5 6 .3 7 6 .3 7 - 7 .7 5 7 .7 5 MAINTENANCE! CARPENTERS.................................... MANUFACTURING............................................ ... . 36 25 S 6 .3 3 MAINTENANCE EL EC T RI CI AN S .............................. MANUFACTURING..................................................... 202 131 8 .2 9 7 .6 7 PAINT ERS.......................................... 19 MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS.................................... MANUFACTURING..................................................... 65 65 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS ( MACHINERY!• . MANUFACTURING..................................................... MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR VE H IC L E S ) .................................................. MANUFACTURING..................................................... N0NMANUFACTURIN6............................................ PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ....................................... See fo o tn o te s 26 118 6 .1 1 *6 .3 0 6 .3 0 Middle range 2 8 8 1 - 1 11 - 9 ~ - - - - - 2 2 6 6 1 1 20 20 - _ _ - ” 4 A 10 10 _ 12 5 - 1 2 2 28 - - * * 12 12 A A “ 7 7 17 17 25 25 - - - - - 4 A - - 7 A A 10 10 “ - - 8 15 15 - 1 - - - 9 9 1 1 5 - - - 1 1 26 26 - - - 2 2 - 15 15 8 . AO 8 . 8 0 “ - 8 - 1 1 13 13 - - 2 2 ” - 2A 9 15 - 8 .0 0 - 2 2 2 7 . AO 7 . 6 0 2 2 - 1 1 7 . 20 - - 8 .0 0 7 .0 0 - 4 A OF— 7 . AO 7 . 6 0 7 .2 0 - 1 _ - 5 5 DOLLARS) 7 .0 0 A 4 1 1 5 5 6 .8 0 (IN 6 .8 0 A A 6 6 A A “ at e n d o f t a b l e s . HOURLY EARNINGS 6 . 2 0 6 . AO 6 . 6 0 A A “ - 2 2 20 20 12 10 18 18 - A A - 2 2 _ 8 . AO 8 . 8 0 9 .2 0 2 2 18 18 - 9 .2 0 9 . 6 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 . AO 9 . 6 0 1 0 .0 0 1 0 • AO 1 0 . 8 0 2 “ * “ * 65 65 1 1 - 66 1 - * - - A - - ~ 13 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 2 - - - - - 26 - - - 1 1 21 21 26 26 “ 85 “ 6 - - - 6 6 “ ~ 2 1 1 1 6 6 3 3 10 10 25 25 8 8 8 8 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 32 32 - - 1 1 - 2 2 - - 12 12 21 - Table A -5 . Hourly earnings of m aterial m ovem ent and custodial workers, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—New burgh, N.Y., June 1979 Hourly earnings O ccupa tion and in du stry d iv is io n TRUCKDRIVERS................................................................ MANUFACTURING.................................................... NONMANUFACTURING............................................ Number of workers Mean 2 Median2 192 44 148 * 7 .8 3 6 .1 6 8 .3 3 * 8 .1 1 5 .9 6 1 0 . 20 * NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING Middle range 2 STRAIGHT -TIME HOURLY EARNINGS (IN OOLLARS) OF— 2 .9 0 3 .1 0 AND UNDER 3 .1 0 3 .3 0 3 .3 0 3 .5 0 3 .7 0 3 .90 4 .1 0 4 .3 0 4 .5 0 4 .9 0 5 .3 0 5.70 6 . 10 6 . 5 0 6 .9 0 7 .3 0 7 .7 0 8 .1 0 8 .5 0 8 .9 0 9 .3 0 3 .5 0 3 .7 0 3 .9 0 4 .1 0 4 .3 0 4 .5 0 4 .9 0 5 .3 0 5 .7 0 6 .1 0 6 . 50 6 . 9 0 7 .3 0 7 .7 0 8 .1 0 8 .5 0 8 .9 0 9 .3 0 9 .7 0 1 0 .1 0 1 0 .5 0 16 14 3 - - 8 10 - - - * 8 4 - 9 * 5 . 5 7 - * 1 0 .2 0 5 .5 7 7 .1 4 5 . 4 1 - 1 0 .2 0 2 6 1 2 4 4 1 “ 3 5 1 3 22 1 21 3 10 8 2 14 9 .7 0 1 0 .1 0 88 9 12 2 - - - - - 88 TRUCKDRIVERSt LIGHT TRUCK..................... 25 5 .3 3 5 .0 0 4 .2 5 - 7 .1 4 - - 2 3 - 5 - 1 3 1 - 2 - 8 - - - TRUCKDRIVERS. MEDIUM TRUCK.................. 35 5 .4 7 5 .3 2 5 .1 1 - 5 .9 6 ~ - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 12 2 12 - 2 2 - - - SHIPPE RS........................................................................... 34 5 .5 8 5 .5 9 4 .5 5 - 6 .5 8 - - _ - - - 1 - 9 6 4 - _ 14 _ _ _ RECEIVERS........................................................................ MANUFACTURING................................................. 49 29 4 .1 6 4 .2 8 4 .4 0 4 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .5 0 - 4 .4 0 4 .4 0 . 6 _ _ . 3 - - - - 1 14 14 4 - 1 1 4 4 - ~ - - - WAREHOUSEMEN............................................................... MANUFACTURING.................................................... NONMANUFACTURING............................................ 178 148 30 4 .2 2 4 .1 8 4 .4 1 3 .9 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 3 .3 5 3 .3 5 3 .9 0 - 4 .9 1 5 .4 0 4 .8 5 18 18 21 29 27 1 18 18 12 - 13 21 1 8 _ _ 15 - - - 2 1 6 1 3 3 - 12 1 4 4 _ - 29 29 - - - MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS........................ 172 5 .1 0 5 .1 3 4 .1 7 - 5 .9 8 4 14 7 14 26 12 34 37 - _ _ _ _ _ FORKLIFT OPERATORS............................................... MANUFACTURING............................................... . 144 139 5 .6 7 5 .6 6 5 .7 3 5 .6 5 5 .5 6 5 .5 3 - 6 .3 1 6 .3 1 - 4 4 8 8 4 4 4 4 46 46 29 24 16 16 26 26 2 2 J AN IT OR S. PORTERS. AND C L E A N E R S . . . . MANUFACTURING..................................................... NONMANUFACTURING............................................ PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ...................................... 485 135 350 38 4 .0 5 4 .8 2 3 .7 5 5 .1 4 3 .8 5 4 .8 0 3 .4 5 4 .9 4 3 .2 0 4 .0 0 3 .2 0 4 .9 4 - 4 .8 0 5 .8 3 4 .2 5 5 .3 6 62 75 18 41 27 14 40 16 24 8 34 29 5 5 13 8 1 1 1 1 5 - - 62 18 3 4 67 67 15 9 12 5 5 4 4 - 29 18 8 10 22 2 6 53 16 23 See f o o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e s . 10 - _ 8 50 13 37 28 2 26 4 20 8 8 _ _ _ _ 2 7 - 1 - _ 1 1 1 - _ - - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom. powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers, by sex, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979 s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers Average (mean2 ) hourly earnings4 Number of workers Average (m ean2 ) hourly earnings 4 184 44 *7 .9 1 6 .1 6 25 5 .3 3 34 29 5 .5 8 5 .6 8 RECEIVERS.••••••••••••••••••••••••• 37 29 4 .4 2 4 .2 8 M A N U F A C T U R I N G . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. O ccupation, 158 129 29 4 .1 9 4 .1 4 4 .4 1 MATERIAL HANDLIN 6 LA BO RE R S .• • • • • • • . M A N U F A C T U R IN G ................... 172 151 5 .1 0 5 .2 8 144 139 5 .6 7 5 .6 6 406 126 280 35 4 .1 0 4 .8 0 3 .7 9 5 .1 4 O ccu pation , MAINTENANCE. TOOLROOM. AND POUERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - HEN MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN 36 25 S 6 .3 3 202 131 8 .2 9 7 .6 7 19 7 .2 0 oo MANUFACTURING.................................................... s e x , 3 and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n 7 .7 2 7 .7 2 6 .1 1 TRUCKDRIVERSt LIGHT TRUC K.•• • •• • • M A NUF AC TUR ING .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 8 .0 4 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS 7 .6 5 117 7 .8 7 8 .0 2 FORKLIFT 128 128 7 .6 0 7 .6 0 J AN IT O RS , 59 59 7 .2 % 7 .2 4 See f o o t n o t e s at end o f t a b l e s . 9 OPE RATORS.. PORTERS, AND C L E A N E R S . . . . Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., for selected periods June 1972 A ll in dustries: O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ E l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g _____________________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s _________________________________________ S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s _____________________________ U n s k i l l e d pl a n t w o r k e r s _________________________________ M anufacturing: O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ E l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g _____________________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s _________________________________________ S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s _____________________________ U n s k i l l e d pl a n t w o r k e r s _________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t ur i n g : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ______ _____________________________________ E l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g _____________________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s _________________________________________ U n s k i l l e d pl a n t w o r k e r s _________________________________ Se e f o o t n o t e s June 1973 June 19 74 June 1975 June 1976 June 1977 to to to to to to to June 1973 Industry and occ u p a tio n a l g r o u p ' June 1974 June 1975 June 1976 June 1977 June 1978 June 1979 7.6 7.8 7.3 (?> (6 ) (*) (6 ) (?) (6 ) 8 .2 5.3 (?) (6 ) 6.3 6.8 (?) (6) 8.5 6.7 (?) (6 ) 5.8 8.5 (‘ ) (?) (?) (?) ( > ( ) (?) (6 ) at end of tables. 10 7.7 8.7 6.9 (*> (6 ) (?) () (?) (6) (?) (?) (?) (?) (6 ) (?) (?) (‘ ) (?) !;! Si ‘ S i (6) June 1978 7.5 (?) (6) 7.2 7.6 (?) (?) (*) 12.1 6.1 (‘ ) (6) S i 6.3 9.1 (‘ ) (?) ( ) (?) (6 ) (?) (6) (?) (?) (?) (?) (6) (6 ) c> (?) (*) (?) Table A -8 . Average pay relationships w ithin establishments for w hite-collar occupations Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979 O ffice c l e r i c a l occ u p a tion being c o m p a r e d — O c c u p a t i o n w h i c h e q u a l s 100 Typists, class B F ile clerks, class C M essen gers Sw itchboard operators Sw itchboard op eratorreceptionists Payroll clerks 100 (6) (6) (6) (6) 118 88 107 (6) 102 (6) 100 ( 6) ( 6) 100 121 104 93 81 6) 6) 6) 6) C6 ) ( 6) 93 87 105 78 85 (6) 76 104 94 92 109 Class B 100 ( 6) 78 89 ( 6) 72 96 Class A Class B Class A SE CR ET ARI ES. CLASS E........................... T Y P I S T S . CLASS B..................... .. F IL E CLERKS. CLASS C...................... MESSENGERS........................................................ SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS........................ SWITCHBOARD OPERATORRE C EP TIO NI ST S ............................................ ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A . . . . ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B . . . . PAYROLL CLERKS............................................ KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A . . KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B . . Key entry operators A ccou n tin g clerks Secretaries, class E ( ( ( ( 100 88 100 71 96 81 96 97 100 129 10 5 119 124 100 87 91 100 112 100 111 118 138 100 P r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n b e i n g c o m p a r e d — Drafters E lectronics tech n icia n s, class B Class B DRAFTERS* CLASS B ............................. . DRAFTERS* CLASS C . . . . .................... ELECTRONICS TE CHNICIANS. CLASS B......................................................... REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES, R egistered industrial nurses Class C 100 118 100 98 16) 84 102 100 (6) 100 S e e f o o t n o t e at e n d o f t a b l e s . NOTE: T a b l e s A - 8 and A - 9 p r e s e n t the a v e r a g e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n p a i r s o f o c c u p a t i o n s w it h i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . F o r e x a m p l e , a v a l u e o f 122 i n d i c a t e s tha t e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y a b o v e in the h e a d i n g a r e 22 p e r c e n t g r e a t e r than e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y to the l e f t in the s t u b . S i m i l a r l y , a v a l u e o f 85 i n d i c a t e s e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n in the he a di ng a r e 15 p e r c e n t b e l o w e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n in the st ub . S ee a ppen dix A fo r m e th o d o f com p utation. 11 Table A-9. Average pay relationships within establishments for blue-collar occupations, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1979 M ain ten an ce, t o o lr o o m , an d p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n b e in g c o m p a r e d — M echanics O c c u p a t i o n w h i c h e q u a l s 100 Carpenters E lectricians Painters Machinists T o o l and d ie makers M achinery MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS..................... MAINTENANCE EL ECT RI CI AN S................ MAINTENANCE PAINTERS ........................... MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS..................... MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MACHINERY).................................................. MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR V E H IC L E S ) ................................... TOOL AND DIE MAKERS.............................. BOILER T E N D E R S . . . . . .............................. B oiler tenders M otor v eh icles 100 97 107 98 100 (6) 99 85 (6) 101 ( 6) (6) 100 101 (6) (6) 99 ( 6) (6) (6) (6) (6) 102 100 112 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 100 100 100 79 115 100 (6) 100 Forklift operators and cleaners M a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t a n d c u s t o d i a l o c c u p a t i o n b e in g c o m p a r e d — Truckdrivers Shippers Light truck TRUCKDRIVERS. L I 6 HT TRUCK............. TRUCKD RIVERS* MEDIUM T R U C K . . . . SHIPPERS................................ .. ......................... RECEIVERS................................... ...................... WAREHOUSEMEN.................................................. MATERIAL HANDLING L A B O R E R S . . . . FORKLIFT OPERATORS................................ JANIT ORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS.......................................................... R eceivers W arehouse m e n M aterial handling laborers M edium truck 100 95 ( ( ( ( ( 6) 6) 6) 6) 6) (6) 100 ( 6) (6) 107 ( 6) ( 6) 1 27 100 100 139 (6) 100 ( 6) 100 ib) (6) 10 4 ( 6) (6 ) 93 14 1 127 96 110 110 100 m 100 S e e f o o t n o t e at en d o f t a b l e s . NOTE: T a b l e s A - 8 a n d A - 9 p r e s e n t th e a v e r a g e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n p a i r s o f o c c u p a t i o n s w it h i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . For d i r e c t l y a b o v e i n t h e h e a d i n g a r e 22 p e r c e n t g r e a t e r t ha n e a r n i n g s f o r t h e o c c u p a t i o n d i r e c t l y to t h e l e f t i n th e st ub . Sim ilarly, a r e 15 p e r c e n t b e l o w e a r n i n g s f o r t h e o c c u p a t i o n i n t h e stub . See appendix A for m eth od o f com putation. 12 e x a m p l e , a v a l u e o f 122 i n d i c a t e s th a t e a r n i n g s f o r the o c c u p a t i o n a v a l u e o f 85 i n d i c a t e s e a r n i n g s f o r t h e o c c u p a t i o n i n t h e h e a d i n g Footnotes 1 Stan dard h ou rs r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s (e x clu siv e of pay fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s ), and the earn ings c o r r e s p o n d to th ese w e e k ly hou^s. % 2 The m ea n is com p u ted fo r each jo b by totaling the earn in gs o f all w o r k e r s and d ividin g by the n um ber o f w o r k e r s . The m edian d esign ates p o s itio n — h a lf o f the w o r k e r s r e c e iv e the sam e o r m o r e and h a lf r e c e iv e the sa m e o r le s s than the rate shown. The m id d le range is d efin ed by two ra te s o f pay: a fou rth o f the w o rk e r s earn the sam e o r le s s than the lo w e r o f th e se ra tes and a fou rth earn the sam e o r m o r e than the h ig h er rate. 3 E arn in gs data rela te on ly to w o rk e r s w h ose sex iden tifica tion was p r o v id e d by the esta b lish m en t. 4 E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts. 3 E stim a tes fo r p e r io d s ending p r io r to 1976 rela te to m en o.nly fo r s k ille d m a in ten an ce and u nskilled plant w o r k e r s . A ll oth er estim a tes relate to m en and w om en . 6 Data do not m eet p u blica tion c r it e r ia o r data not available. 13 Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey In each o f the 72 1 a re a s c u r r e n tly su r v e y e d , the B u reau obtain s w a g es and re la te d b e n e fits data fr o m r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e sta b lish m e n ts w ithin s ix b roa d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u fa ctu rin g; tr a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce , in su ra n ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v i c e s . G ov ern m en t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u str ie s are e x clu d e d . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m ber o f w o r k e r s are a lso ex clu d ed b e c a u s e o f in su fficie n t em p loy m en t in the o c cu p a tio n s stu d ied. A pp en dix ta ble 1 sh ow s the num ber o f e sta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s e stim a te d to be w ithin the s c o p e o f this su rv ey , as w e ll as the n u m ber actu a lly stu d ied. B u rea u fie ld r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s obtain data by p e r s o n a l v is it s at 3 - y ea r in te r v a ls . In ea ch o f the two in terven in g y e a r s , in fo rm a tio n on em p loy m en t and o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s on ly is c o lle c t e d by a co m b in a tio n o f p e r s o n a l v isit, m a il q u e s tio n n a ir e , and telep h on e in te rv ie w fr o m e sta b lis h m e n ts p a rticip a tin g in the p r e v io u s s u r v e y . A s a m p le o f the e sta b lis h m e n ts in the s c o p e o f the su r v e y is s e le c t e d fo r study p r io r to ea ch p e r s o n a l v is it s u r v e y . T h is s a m p le , le s s e sta b lis h m e n ts w h ich go out o f b u sin e s s o r are no lo n g e r w ith in the in d u stria l s c o p e o f the s u r v e y , is re ta in e d f o r the fo llo w in g two annual s u r v e y s . In m o s t c a s e s , e sta b lis h m e n ts new to the a r e a a re not c o n s id e r e d in the s c o p e o f the su r v e y u ntil the s e le c t io n o f a sa m p le fo r a p e r s o n a l v is it su r v e y . The sa m p lin g p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e d eta iled s t r a tific a tio n o f all e sta b lish m en ts w ith in the s c o p e o f an in dividu al a r e a su r v e y b y in d u stry and n u m ber o f e m p lo y e e s . F r o m this s tr a tifie d u n iv e r s e a p r o b a b ility sa m p le is S elected , w ith each e sta b lis h m e n t having a p r e d e te r m in e d ch a n ce o f s e le c tio n . T o ob ta in op tim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r tio n o f la r g e than s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is s e le c t e d . W hen data are c o m b in e d , each esta b lis h m e n t is w eigh ted a c c o r d in g to its p r o b a b ility o f s e le c t io n so that u n b iased e s tim a te s a r e g e n e ra te d . F o r e x a m p le , if on e out o f fou r e sta b lis h m e n ts is s e le c t e d , it is g iven a w eig h t o f 4 to r e p r e s e n t it s e lf plus th r e e o th e r s . A n a ltern a te o f the sa m e o r ig in a l p r o b a b ility is ch o s e n in the sa m e in d u s t r y -s iz e c la s s ific a t io n if data a re not a v a ila b le fr o m the o r ig in a l s a m p le m e m b e r . If no su ita b le su bstitu te is a v a ila b le , ad dition a l w eigh t is a s sig n e d to a s a m p le m e m b e r that is s im ila r to the m is s in g u nit. O ccu p a tio n s and ea rn in g s O ccu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a re c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa c tu ring and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a re o f the fo llo w in g ty p e s : (1) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3) m a in te n a n ce , t o o lr o o m , and p ow erp lan t; and (4) m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t and c u s to d ia l. O ccu p a tion a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a sed on a u n iform se t o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d esig n ed to take accou n t o f in teresta b lish m en t v a ria tio n in du ties w ithin the sa m e jo b . O ccu p a tion s s e le cte d fo r study are lis te d and d e s c r ib e d in appendix B . U n less o th e rw is e in dicated, the ea rn in g s data fo llo w in g the jo b title s are fo r all in d u stries co m b in e d . E a rn in g s data fo r so m e o f the occu p a tio n s lis te d and d e s c r ib e d , o r fo r so m e in d u stry d iv is io n s w ithin the s c o p e o f the su rv ey , are not p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b les b e c a u se e ith er (1) em p loym en t in the o ccu p a tio n is too sm a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it p resen ta tion , o r (2) th ere is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in dividual esta b lish m en t data. Separate m e n 's and w o m e n 's ea rn in g s data a re not p r e se n te d when the num ber o f w o r k e r s not id en tified by s e x is 20 p e r ce n t o r m o r e o f the m en o r w om en id en tified in an o c cu p a tio n . E a rn in gs data not show n se p a ra te ly fo r in du stry d iv is io n s are in clu d ed in data fo r all in d u stries com b in ed . L ik e w is e , fo r o c cu p a tio n s with m o r e than on e le v e l, data a re in cluded in the o v e r a ll c la s s ific a t io n w hen a s u b c la s s ific a tio n is not show n o r in form a tion to s u b c la s s ify is not a v a ila b le. O ccu p ation a l em p loym en t and ea rn in g s data are show n fo r fu ll-tim e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th ose h ire d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly sc h e d u le . E a rn in gs data ex clu d e p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w ee k e n d s , h olid a y s , and la te sh ifts. N on produ ction b on u ses a re ex clu d ed , but c o s t - o f - li v i n g a llow a n ces and in cen tive b on u ses are in clu d ed . W e e k ly h ou rs fo r o ffic e c le r i c a l and p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s r e fe r to the stan dard w ork w eek (roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) fo r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e r e g u la r s tra ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p re m iu m r a te s ). A v e ra g e w e e k ly ea rn in g s fo r th e se o ccu p a tio n s are roun ded to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r . V e r t ic a l lin e s w ith in the d is tr ib u tio n o f w o r k e r s on som e A -t a b le s in dicate a ch a n ge in the s iz e o f the c la s s in te r v a ls . T h e se s u rv e y s m e a s u r e the le v e l o f o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s in an a re a at a p a rticu la r tim e. C o m p a r is o n s o f in d iv id u al o c cu p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y not r e fle c t ex p ected w age c h a n g e s. T he a v e r a g e s fo r in dividu al jo b s a re a ffe c te d by changes in w ages and e m p lo y m e n t p a tte rn s. F o r ex a m p le, p r o p o r tio n s o f w o r k e r s em p loyed by h igh - o r lo w -w a g e fir m s m a y change, o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y advance to b e tte r jo b s and be r e p la c e d by new w o r k e r s at lo w e r r a te s . Such sh ifts in e m p lo y m e n t co u ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u pation al a v era g e even though m o s t e sta b lis h m e n ts in an a r e a in c r e a s e w ag es du ring the y e a r . C hanges in ea rn in gs o f o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p s, show n in table A - 7, a re b etter in d ica to rs o f w age tre n d s than are earn in g s ch a n g es fo r in dividu al jo b s w ithin the g rou p s. A v e ra g e earn in gs r e fle c t c o m p o s it e , a rea w id e e s t im a te s . In du stries sta ffin g , and thus con trib u te a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e fle c t in in dividu al e sta b lis h m e n ts. 1 Included in the 72 areas are 2 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are and esta b lish m en ts d iffe r in pay le v e l and jo b Akron, Ohio and Poughkeepsie— Kingston-Newburgh, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area d iffe r e n t ly to the estim a te s fo r each jo b . P a y studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration o f the U. S. a c c u r a te ly the w age d iffe r e n tia l am ong jo b s Department of Labor. 14 A v e r a g e pay le v e ls f o r m en and w om en in s e le c te d occu p a tion s should not be a s su m e d to r e f le c t d iffe r e n c e s in pay o f the sex es w ithin in dividual e sta b lis h m e n ts. F a c t o r s w h ich m a y con trib u te to d iffe r e n c e s in clu de p r o g r e s s io n w ithin e s ta b lis h e d ra te ran ges (on ly the rates paid in cu m bents a re c o lle c t e d ) and p e r fo r m a n c e of s p e c ific duties w ithin the g e n e ra l su rv e y job d e s c r ip tio n s . Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed to c la s s ify em p loy ees in th ese su rvey s u su a lly a r e m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in individual estab lish m en ts and a llo w fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong estab lish m en ts in s p e c ific duties p e r fo r m e d . O ccu p a tion a l em p lo y m e n t estim a tes r e p re s e n t the total in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ithin the s c o p e of the study and not the num ber a ctu a lly su rvey ed . B e c a u s e o c cu p a tio n a l str u c tu r e s am ong estab lish m en ts d iffe r , estim a tes of o c cu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t obtain ed fr o m the sam ple o f esta b lish m en ts studied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la tiv e im p orta n ce o f the jo b s studied. T h ese d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re do not a ffe c t m a te r ia lly the a c c u r a c y o f the ea rn in g s data. P e r c e n t changes fo r in dividu al a rea s in the p r o g r a m are com puted as fo llo w s : 1. A v e ra g e ea rn in gs a re com pu ted fo r each occu pation fo r the 2 y e a r s being com p a red . The a v e ra g e s are deriv ed fr o m earn in gs in th ose estab lish m en ts w hich a re in the s u r v e y both y e a r s ; it is a ssu m ed that em ploym ent rem a in s unchanged. 2. E ach occu p a tion is a ssig n ed a w eight b a sed on its p r o p ortion ate em p loym en t in the occu pation al group in the b a se y e a r . 3. T h e se w eigh ts a r e u sed to com pu te grou p a v era g es. Each o c cu p a tio n 's av era g e earn ings (com pu ted in step 1) is m u ltip lied by its w eight. The prod u cts a r e totaled to obtain a grou p a v era g e. 4. The ra tio o f grou p a v e ra g e s fo r 2 c o n s e cu tiv e y ea rs is com pu ted by dividing the a v era g e fo r the cu rren t y ea r by the a v e ra g e fo r the e a r lie r y e a r. The r e su lt— e x p re s se d as a p e r ce n t— le s s 100 is the p e r ce n t change. W age tren d s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l groups T h e p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s p r e se n te d in ta ble A -7 a r e b a se d on changes in a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in g s o f m en and w om en in estab lish m en ts r e p o rtin g the tr e n d jo b s in both the c u r r e n t and p rev iou s y ea r (m atched esta b lish m en ts). T h e data a r e a d ju sted to r e m o v e the e ffe cts on a v era g e ea rn in g s o f e m p lo y m en t sh ifts am ong e sta b lis h m e n ts and tu rn ov er o f esta b lish m en ts in cluded in s u r v e y sa m p le s . T h e p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r, a r e s till a ffe c te d by fa c t o r s oth er than w ag e in c r e a s e s . H irin g s, la y o ffs , and tu r n o v e r m ay a ffe c t an e sta b lis h m e n t a v e r a g e fo r an occu p a tion when w o rk e rs a re paid under plans p ro v id in g a ran ge o f w age r a te s fo r in dividu al jo b s . In p e r io d s o f in c r e a s e d h ir in g , fo r e x a m p le , new e m p lo y e e s m ay en ter at the b o tto m o f the ra n ge, d e p r e s s in g the a v e r a g e w ithout a change in w age rates. T h e p e r c e n t ch a n g es r e la te to w age changes betw een the in d ica ted d a tes. W hen the tim e span b etw een su rv ey s is oth er than 12 m on th s, annual ra te s a r e a ls o show n. (It is a s s u m e d that w ages in c r e a s e at a con stan t rate b etw een s u r v e y s .) O ccu p a tio n s u se d to com p u te w age tren d s a r e : O ffic e c l e r i c a l E le c tr o n ic data p r o c e s s in g — Continued S e c r e t a r ie s S te n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r S te n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l T y p is t s , c la s s e s A and B F ile c le r k s , c la s s e s A , B , and C M essen g ers S w itch b oa rd o p e r a t o r s O rd e r c le r k s , c la s s e s A and B A cco u n tin g c le r k s , c la s s e s A and B P a y r o ll c le r k s K ey en try o p e r a t o r s , c la s s e s A and B C om puter o p e r a to r s , c la s s e s A , B , and C E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g C om p u ter s y s te m s an alysts, c la s s e s A , B , and C C om p u ter p r o g r a m m e r s , c la s s e s A , B , and C In dustrial nurses R e g is te r e d in du stria l n u rses S k illed m aintenance C a rp en ters E le c tr ic ia n s P a in ters M ach in ists M ech a n ics (m a ch in ery ) M ech a n ics (m o to r v e h ic le ) P ip e fitte r s T o o l and die m a k ers U n skilled plant J a n itors, p o r t e r s , and c le a n e rs M a teria l handling la b o r e r s F o r a m o r e d eta iled d e s c r ip tio n o f the m ethod u sed to com pu te th ese w age tr e n d s , se e "Im p r o v in g A r e a W age Su rvey I n d e x e s ," M onthly L abor R ev iew , January 1973, pp. 5 2 -57 . A v e ra g e pay r ela tion sh ip s w ithin estab lish m en ts R e la tiv e m e a s u re s o f occu p a tion a l pay are p resen ted in table A - 8 fo r w h it e -c o lla r occu p a tion s and in ta ble A -9 fo r b lu e -c o lla r occu p ation s. T h e se r e la tiv e v alu es r e fle c t d iffe r e n c e s in pay betw een occu pation s within in dividu al esta b lish m en ts. R ela tiv e pay valu es a r e com pu ted by dividing an e sta b lis h m e n t's a v e ra g e earn ings fo r an occu p a tion being com p a red by the a v era g e fo r another occu p a tion (d esign ated as 100) and m ultiplying the quotient by 100. F o r ex a m p le, if ja n ito r s in a fir m a v era g e $4 an hour and fo r k lift o p e r a to r s $ 5 , fo r k lift o p e r a to rs have a r e la tiv e pay value of 125 com p a red w ith ja n ito r s . ($ 5 -5 $4 = 1.25, x 100 = 125.) In com bin in g the re la tiv e s of the in dividu al esta b lish m en ts to a r r iv e at an o v e r a ll a v e ra g e , each esta b lis h m ent is c o n s id e r e d to have as m any re la tiv e s as it has w eighted w o rk e rs in the tw o jo b s being co m p a re d . P ay rela tion sh ip s b a sed on o v e r a ll a v e ra g e s m a y d iffe r co n s id e ra b ly b e c a u se o f the v a ry in g con trib u tion o f h igh - and lo w -w a g e establishm ents to the a v e r a g e s . F o r ex a m p le , the o v e r a ll a v e ra g e h ou rly earnings fo r fo r k lift o p e r a to r s m a y be 50 p e r ce n t m o r e than the a v era g e fo r ja n itors b eca u se the a v e ra g e fo r fo r k lift o p e r a to rs m a y be stron g ly in flu en ced by earnings in h ig h -w a g e esta b lish m en ts w h ile the a v era g e fo r ja n ito rs m ay be stron g ly in flu en ced by ea rn in gs in lo w -w a g e esta b lish m en ts. In such a c a s e , the in tr a -e s ta b lis h m e n t rela tion sh ip w ill in dicate a m uch s m a lle r d iffe r e n c e in ea rn in g s. E sta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su p p lem en tary w age p r o v is io n s T abu lation s on s e le c t e d esta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and supplem en tary w age p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) a re not p resen ted in this bulletin. In fo rm a tion fo r th ese tabu lation s is c o lle c t e d at 3 -y e a r in te r v a ls. T h ese tabulations on m in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r in e x p e rie n c e d o ffic e w o r k e r s ; shift d iffe r en tia ls; sch ed u led w eek ly h ou rs and d a y s; paid h olid a y s ; paid v a ca tion s; and health, in su r a n ce , and p en sion plans a r e p re se n te d (in the B -s e r i e s ta b les) in p r e v io u s bu lletin s fo r this a rea . Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied, Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y.,‘ June 1979 Industry div ision 2 ALL INOUSTRY M in im u m em ploym ent in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f st u d y W it hi n s c o p e o f st u d y 4 W i t h in s c o p e o f st u d y * Number Percent 50 “ 50 50 50 50 50 93 75,6511 100 47.9 00 IN 7 159 28 G5 49.465 2 6,1 89 65 35 3 3.1 65 I N . 735 23 13 7 23 5 .6 2 8 1 .1 3 1 1 2.5 36 3 ,8 0 2 3 .0 9 2 7 3 ,6 4 4 83 1 6 ,4 2 6 2 .1 6 8 10 71 2S 29 11 11 1 T he P o u gh k e e p s ie — ingston— ew burgh a re a c o n s is ts of D u tch e s s, O range, K N and U lste r C ou n ties. T h e " w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f t h e s i z e an d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in clu de d in the s u r v e y . E s t i m a t e s a r e n o t i n t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r i s o n with o t h e r s t a t i s t i c a l s e r i e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( 1) pl a n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t da t a c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d , a n d ( 2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1972 e d i t i o n o f t h e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r i a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . A ll g o vernm ent operations are e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f t h e s u r v e y . 3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m lim ita tion . A l l o u t l e t s ( w i t h in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in i n d u s t r i e s s u c h a s t r a d e , St u d i ed St ud ie d 30 G D I V I S I O N S ---------------------------------------------- MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------------------------TRANSPORTATION. COMMUNICATION, AND OTHER PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5 ------------------------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE 6 -------------------------------------------------------------RETAIL TRADE 6 --------------------------------------------------------------------FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE 6 --------------SERVICES 6 7------------------------------------------------------------------------------ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s N u m b er of establishm ents 16 1 17 5 A 1 ,6 6 6 f i n a n c e , a u t o r e p a i r s e r v i c e , an d m o t i o n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s on e establishm ent. 4 I n c l u d e s all w o r k e r s in a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t (w i t h i n t h e a r e a ) at o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m li m i t a t i o n . 5 A b b r e v i a t e d t o " p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s " in t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s . T a x i c a b s a nd s e r v i c e s i n c i d e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n a r e e x c l u d e d . 6 S e p a r a t e data f o r this d i v i s i o n a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d i n t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b ut th e d i v i s i o n is r e p r e s e n t e d in the " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " estim ates. 7 H o t e l s and m o t e l s ; l a u n d r i e s an d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i l e r e p a i r , r e n t a l , and p a r k i n g ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s (e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s an d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; a n d e n g i n e e r i n g a n d architectural services. Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r im a r y p u rp o s e o f p rep a rin g jo b d e s cr ip tio n s fo r the B u r e a u 's w age s u r v e y s is to a s s is t its fie ld re p re s e n ta tiv e s in c la s s ify in g in to a p p ro p ria te o c cu p a tio n s w o r k e r s who are em p loyed under a v a r ie ty o f p a y r o ll t it le s and d iffe r e n t w ork a rran gem en ts fr o m esta b lish m en t to e sta b lis h m e n t and fr o m a r e a to a re a . T h is p e rm its grou pin g occu p a tion a l w age r a te s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a ra b le jo b content. B eca u se of- th is e m p h a s is on in te r esta b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a com p a ra b ility o f occu p a tion a l con ten t, the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip tio n s m ay d iffe r sig n ifica n tly fr o m th ose in u se in in d iv id u a l esta b lis h m e n ts o r th ose p re p a re d fo r oth er p u r p o s e s . In ap plying th e s e jo b d e s c r ip t io n s , the B u rea u 's fie ld r e p re s e n ta tiv e s a r e in s tr u c te d to e x clu d e w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s ; a p p re n tice s ; and p a r tt im e , te m p o r a r y , and p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s . H andicapped w o r k e r s w hose ea rn in g s a re r e d u c e d b e c a u s e o f th e ir handicap a r e a lso e x clu d ed . L e a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , and t r a in e e s , u n less s p e c ific a lly in clu d ed in the jo b d e s c r ip t io n s , a re e x clu d e d . Office SECRETARY SE C R E T ARY— Continued A s s ig n e d as a p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o rm a lly to one in dividu al. M ain ta in s a c lo s e and h igh ly r e s p o n s iv e rela tion sh ip to the d a y -to -d a y a c tiv itie s o f the s u p e r v is o r . W ork s fa ir ly in depen den tly r e ce iv in g a m in im u m o f d eta iled s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n ce. P e r fo r m s v a r ie d c le r ic a l and s e c r e t a r ia l duties r e q u ir in g a kn ow led ge o f o ffic e routine and understanding o f the o r g a n iz a tio n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la te d to the w ork o f the s u p e r v is o r . E x clu s io n s— Continued e. f. E x c lu s io n s . Not all p o s itio n s that are title d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the a b ove c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . E x a m p le s o f p o s itio n s w hich a re e x clu d e d fr o m the d efin ition a re as fo llo w s : a. S te n o g ra p h e rs s e r v in g as o ffic e assista n ts to a g rou p fe s s io n a l, t e c h n ic a l, o r m a n a g e ria l p e r s o n s ; d. S e c r e ta r y jo b s w h ich m eet the r e q u ir e d c h a r a c t e r is tic s are m atched at one o f fiv e le v e ls a c c o r d in g to (a) the le v e l o f the s e c r e t a r y 's su p e r v iso r w ithin the co m p a n y 's o rg a n iz a tio n a l stru ctu re and, (b) the le v e l o f the s e c r e t a r y 's r e s p o n s ib ility . The tabu lation follow in g the explanations o f th ese tw o fa c to r s in d ica tes the le v e l o f the s e c r e t a r y fo r each com bination o f the fa c t o r s . S te n o g r a p h e rs not fu lly tra in ed in s e c r e ta r ia l-ty p e d u ties; c. A s s is t a n t-ty p e p o s itio n s w hich en tail m o r e d ifficu lt o r m o r e r e s p o n s ib le t e c h n ic a l, a d m in istra tiv e, o r s u p e r v is o r y duties w h ich are n ot t y p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r ia l w ork , e .g ., A d m in istra tiv e A s s is ta n t , o r E x e cu tiv e A ssista n t: T r a in e e s . C la s s ific a tio n by L e v e l P o s itio n s w h ich do not m eet the "p e r s o n a l" s e c r e t a r y con cep t d e s c r ib e d a b ov e; b. P o s itio n s w h ich do not fit any o f the situations lis te d in the s e c tio n s b e lo w title d " L e v e l o f S u p e r v i s o r ," e.g., s e c r e ta r y to the p re sid e n t o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, ov e r 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; of p ro L e v e l o f S e c r e t a r y 's S u p e r v iso r (LS) LS—1 17 a. S e c r e ta r y to the s u p e r v is o r o r head o f a sm a ll orga n iza tion a l unit ( e .g ., fe w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ); or S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d S E C R E T A R Y — Continued C la s s ific a t io n b y L e v e l— C o n tin u e d C la ss ific a tio n by L e v e l— Continued b. LS— 2 S e c r e ta r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y sta ff s p e c ia lis t , p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in istra tiv e o ffic e r o r a s sista n t, sk ille d te ch n icia n o r e x p e rt. (NOTE: Many com p a n ies a s s i g n s te n o g r a p h e rs , ra th er than s e c r e t a r ie s as d e s c r ib e d a b ov e, to th is le v e l o f s u p e r v is o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r .) a. S e c r e ta r y to an ex ecu tiv e o r m a n a g e ria l p e r s o n w h ose r e s p o n sib ility is not equ ivalent to one o f the s p e c ific le v e l situations in the d efin ition fo r LS—3, but w h ose o rg a n iz a tio n a l unit n o rm a lly n u m bers at lea st s e v e r a l dozen e m p lo y e e s and is u su ally divided into o rg a n iz a tio n a l seg m en ts w h ich are often , in tu rn, fu rther su bd ivided. In som e c o m p a n ie s , this le v e l in clu d es a w ide range o f org a n iz a tio n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o th e r s , on ly one o r tw o; or b. LS— 3 S e c r e ta r y to the head o f an in dividu al plant, fa c to r y , e t c ., (or oth er equ ivalent le v e l o f o ffic ia l) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, few er than 5, 000 p e r s o n s . a. S e c r e ta r y to the ch a irm a n o f the b o a rd o r p re sid e n t o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, fe w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r NO TE: The te r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r " u sed in the above LS defin ition r e fe r s to th ose o ffic ia ls who have a sig n ifica n t c o rp o r a te w id e p olicy m a k in g r o le w ith r e g a rd to m a jo r com pany a c tiv it ie s . The title " v ic e p r e s id e n t ," though n orm a lly in dicative o f this r o le , d oes not in a ll c a s e s id en tify su ch p o s itio n s . V ice p resid en ts w hose p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib ility is to act p e r s o n a lly on in dividual c a se s or tra n sa ctio n s (e .g ., a p p rov e o r deny in div idu al loan o r c re d it action s; a d m in ister in dividu al tr u s t a cco u n ts ; d ir e c tly s u p e r v is e a c le r i c a l staff) are not co n s id e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " fo r p u rp o s e s o f applying the defin ition. L e v e l o f S e c r e ta r y 's R e s p o n sib ility (L R ) This fa cto r evalu ates the the s e c r e ta r y and the s u p e r v is o r , ex p ected to e x e rc is e , in itiative and at LR—1 o r LR— d e s c r ib e d b elow 2 n ature o f the w ork r e la tio n s h ip betw een and the extent to w h ich the s e c r e t a r y is ju d g m en t. S e c r e t a r ie s should be m a tch ed a c c o r d in g to th e ir le v e l o f r e s p o n s ib ility . LR—1. P e r fo r m s v a r ie d s e c r e t a r ia l duties in clu din g or c o m p a ra b le to m ost o f the follow in g : a. b. c. S e c r e ta r y to a c o r p o r a t e o ffic e r (oth er than ch a irm an o f the b o a rd o r p r e sid e n t) o f a com pa n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r S e c r e ta r y to the head (im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the o ffic e r le v e l) o v e r eith er a m a jo r c o rp o r a te w id e fu n ction a l a ctiv ity ( e .g ., m a rk etin g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a tio n s , in d u stria l r e la t io n s , e t c .) o r a m a jo r g e o g r a p h ic o r o rg a n iz a tio n a l segm en t (e .g ., a r e g io n a l h ead q u a r t e r s ; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a com pan y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but few er than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p lo y e e s ; or d. S e c r e ta r y to the head o f an in dividu al plant, fa c to r y , e t c ., (or oth er equ ivalent le v e l o f o ffic ia l) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, ov e r 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r e. S e c r e ta r y to the head o f a la r g e and im portan t org a n iz a tio n a l segm en t (e .g ., a m id d le m anagem ent s u p e r v is o r o f an o r g a n i za tion al seg m en t often in v olv in g as m any as s e v e r a l hundred p e r s o n s ) o f a com pa n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . LS— 4 a. S e c r e ta r y to the ch a irm a n o f the b o a rd o r p r e sid e n t o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; or b. S e c r e ta r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r (oth er than the ch a irm a n o f the b o a rd or p r e sid e n t) o f a com pa n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but fe w e r than 25, 000 p e r s o n s ; or c. S e c r e ta r y to the head, im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the c o r p o r a t e o ffic e r le v e l, o f a m a jo r seg m en t o r su b s id ia r y o f a com pa n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . A n sw ers te le p h o n e s, com in g m a il. g r e e ts person al b. A n sw ers telephon e r e q u e sts w h ich have stan dard a n sw e r s. rep ly to req u ests by sen din g a fo r m le t te r . c. R eview s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o ra n d a , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d by oth ers fo r the s u p e r v is o r 's sign atu re to en su re p r o c e d u r a l and ty p og ra p h ica l a c c u r a c y . d. M aintains s u p e r v is o r 's in stru cted . e. T y p e s, takes and t r a n s c r ib e s d icta tio n , and f ile s . ca len d a r c a lle r s , and m a k es and open s appointm ents in M ay as LR— 2. P e r fo r m s duties d e s c r ib e d under LR—1 and, in addition p e r fo r m s ta sk s req u irin g g r e a te r ju d g m en t, in itia tiv e , and k n ow l edge o f o ffic e functions in clu d in g o r c o m p a ra b le to m o s t o f the follow in g : a. S cre e n s teleph on e and p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , d eterm in in g w h ich can be handled by the s u p e r v is o r 's su b ord in a tes o r oth er o ffic e s . b. A n sw ers re q u e sts w h ich r e q u ir e a d eta iled k n ow led ge o f o f fic e p r o ce d u r e s o r c o lle c t io n o f in fo rm a tio n fr o m file s o r other o ffic e s . May sig n rou tin e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e in ow n or s u p e r v is o r 's n am e. c. C om piles o r a s s is ts in c o m p ilin g p e r io d ic r e p o r t s on the b a sis o f g e n e ra l in stru ctio n s. S E C R E T AR Y— C ontinue d TRA N SC RIBIN G -M AC H IN E TY P IST L e v e l o f S e c r e t a r y 's R e s p o n s ib ilit y (L R —2)— Continued P r im a r y duty is to type co p y o f v o ic e r e c o r d e d dictation w hich does not in volve v a r ie d te c h n ic a l or s p e c ia liz e d v o ca b u la ry such as that used in le g a l b r ie fs o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h . M ay a lso type fro m w ritten copy. M ay m aintain f ile s , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r fo r m oth er rela tiv ely routine c le r i c a l ta sk s . (See S ten ograph er d efin ition fo r w o rk e rs involved with shorthand dicta tion .) d. S ch e d u le s ten ta tiv e appoin tm en ts w ithout p r io r c le a r a n c e . A s s e m b le s n e c e s s a r y b a ck g rou n d m a te r ia l for sch ed u led m e e tin g s . M akes a r r a n g e m e n ts fo r m eetin gs and c o n fe r e n c e s . e. E x p la in s s u p e r v i s o r 's re q u ire m e n ts to other e m p lo y e e s in s u p e r v i s o r 's unit. (A ls o ty p e s , ta kes d icta tion , and f ile s .) T Y P IS T The fo llo w in g ta bu la tion show s the le v e l o f the s e c r e t a r y fo r ea ch LS and LR co m b in a tio n . L e v e l o f s e c r e t a r y 's _____ s u p e r v is o r _____ L e v e l o f s e c r e t a r y 's r e s p o n s ib ility LR—1 LS—1---------------------------------------------- ----- ----LS—2 ----------- ---------- ----LS—3 __ ____________________________ _ C lass E Clas s D C lass C LR—2 C la ss C la ss C la ss C la ss D C B A ST E N O G R A P H E R P r im a r y duty is to take dicta tion using shorthand, and to tr a n s c r ib e the d ic ta tio n . M ay a ls o ty p e fr o m w ritten c o p y . M ay op era te fr o m a s te n o g ra p h ic p o o l. M ay o c c a s io n a lly tr a n s c r ib e fr o m v o ic e r e c o r d in g s (if p r im a r y duty is tr a n s c r ib in g fr o m r e c o r d in g s , see T r a n s c r ib in g -M a c h in e T y p is t). N O T E : T h is jo b is d istin g u ish ed fr o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a lly w o rk s in a con fid en tia l rela tion sh ip w ith on ly one m a n a g e r o r e x e cu tiv e and p e r fo r m s m o r e r e s p o n s ib le and d is c r e tio n a r y ta sk s as d e s c r ib e d in the s e c r e t a r y jo b d efin ition . S te n o g r a p h e r, S e n io r . D icta tio n in v olv es a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch as In le g a l b r ie fs or r e p o rts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h . M ay a ls o se t up and m a in ta in f i l e s , keep r e c o r d s , etc. OR P e r fo r m s s te n o g r a p h ic duties req u irin g sig n ifica n tly g r e a te r in d e p en d en ce and r e s p o n s ib ilit y than ste n o g ra p h e r, g en era l, as ev id en ced b y the fo llo w in g : W ork r e q u ir e s a high d e g re e o f sten og rap h ic sp eed and a c c u r a c y ; a th o ro u g h w ork in g k n ow led ge o f g en era l b u sin ess and o ffic e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f the s p e c ific b u s in e s s o p e r a t io n s , o rg a n iz a tion , p o lic ie s , p r o c e d u r e s , f ile s , w o r k flo w , e tc . U s e s th is k n ow led ge in p e r fo rm in g sten og ra p h ic duties and r e s p o n s ib le c l e r i c a l ta sk s su ch as m aintaining follow u p f i l e s ; a s se m b lin g m a te r ia l fo r r e p o r t s , m e m o ra n d a , and le t te r s ; com p o sin g sim p le le tte r s fr o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s ; re a d in g and routing in com in g m a il; and an sw erin g rou tin e q u e s tio n s , e tc . S te n o g ra p h e r, G e n e r a l. D icta tio n in v olv es a n orm a l routine v o ca b u la r y . M ay m a in tain f i l e s , k eep s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r fo r m oth er r e la t iv e ly routine c l e r i c a l ta sk s. U ses a ty p e w rite r to m ake c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a te r ia ls o r to m ake out b ills a fter c a lcu la tio n s have been m ade by another p e r s o n . M ay include typing o f s t e n c ils , m a ts , o r s im ila r m a te r ia ls fo r u se in duplicating p r o c esses. M ay do c l e r i c a l w ork in volvin g little sp e c ia l train in g, such as keep in g sim p le r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r sortin g and distributing in co m in g m a il. C la ss A . P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : Typing m a teria l in fin a l fo r m when it in v o lv e s com b in in g m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; or r e s p o n s ib ility fo r c o r r e c t sp ellin g , sy lla b ica tio n , punctuation, e tc ., o f te c h n ic a l o r unusual w o rd s o r fo r e ig n language m a te r ia l; o r planning layout and typing o f c o m p lica te d s ta tis tic a l ta b les to m ain tain u n ifo rm ity and balance in sp a cin g . M ay type routine fo r m le t t e r s , v aryin g d eta ils to suit c ir c u m s ta n c e s . C la ss B . P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g: C opy typing fr o m rough o r c le a r d r a fts ; o r routine typing o f fo r m s , in su ra n ce p o lic ie s , e tc .; o r settin g up sim p le standard tabu la tion s; o r cop yin g m o r e c o m p le x tables a lr e a d y set up and sp a ced p r o p e r ly . F IL E C LE R K F ile s , c la s s if i e s , and r e t r ie v e s m a te r ia l in an estab lish ed filing s y s te m . M ay p e r fo r m c le r i c a l and m anual ta sk s re q u ire d to m aintain file s . P o s itio n s a r e c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b a s is o f the follow in g defin ition s. C la s s A . C la s s ifie s and in d ex es file m a te r ia l such as c o r r e s p o n d e n ce , r e p o r t s , te c h n ic a l d o cu m e n ts, e t c ., in an esta b lish ed filin g sy stem contain in g a n u m ber o f v a r ie d su b je ct m a tter f ile s . M ay a ls o file this m a te r ia l. M ay k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p es in con ju n ction with the file s . M ay lea d a sm a ll g rou p o f lo w e r le v e l file c le r k s . C la s s B. S o r ts , c o d e s , and file s u n c la s s ifie d m a te r ia l by sim ple (s u b je c t m a tte r) h eadin gs o r p a r tly c la s s ifie d m a te r ia l by fin e r subheadings. P r e p a r e s sim p le rela ted in d ex and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s. A s requ ested , lo c a t e s c le a r ly id en tified m a te r ia l in file s and fo r w a rd s m a te r ia l. M ay p e r fo r m rela ted c l e r i c a l ta sk s re q u ire d to m aintain and s e r v ic e file s . C la ss C . P e r fo r m s routine filin g o f m a te r ia l that has a lrea d y been c la s s ifie d o r w h ich is e a s ily c la s s ifie d in a sim p le s e r ia l c la s s ific a tio n s y s te m ( e .g ., a lp h a b e tica l, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l). A s requ ested , lo c a t e s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a te r ia l in file s and fo r w a rd s m a te r ia ls ; and m ay f i l l out w ith draw al c h a r g e . M ay p e r fo r m s im p le c l e r i c a l and m anual tasks re q u ire d to m ain tain and s e r v ic e file s . M ESSENGER O R D E R C L E R K — C on tin u ed P e r fo r m s v a rio u s routine duties su ch as running e r r a n d s , op era tin g m in or o ffic e m a ch in es su ch as s e a le r s or m a ile r s , opening and d istribu tin g m a il, and oth er m in o r c le r i c a l w ork . E xclu d e p o s itio n s that r e q u ire o p e r a tion of a m otor v e h ic le as a sig n ifica n t duty. C lass B. H andles o r d e r s in volvin g ite m s w hich have r e a d ily id e n tifie d u ses and a p p lica tion s. M ay r e fe r to a c a ta lo g , m a n u fa c tu r e r 's m a n u al, o r s im ila r docum ent to in sd re that p r o p e r item is su pplied o r to v e r ify p r ic e o f o r d e r e d item . SW ITCHBOARD O PE R A TO R ACCOUNTING C LE R K O p era tes a teleph on e sw itch boa rd o r c o n s o le u sed w ith a p riv a te bran ch exchange (P B X ) sy ste m to r e la y in com in g , outgoing, and in tra sy stem c a lls . M ay p r o v id e in form a tion to c a lle r s , r e c o r d and tra n sm it m e s s a g e s , keep r e c o r d o f c a lls p la ce d and to ll ch a rg e s. B e s id e s operatin g a telephon e sw itch boa rd o r c o n s o le , m ay a lso type o r p e r fo r m routine c le r i c a l w ork (typing o r routine c le r i c a l w o rk m ay o ccu p y the m a jo r p ortion o f the w o r k e r 's tim e , and is u su ally p e r fo r m e d w hile at the sw itch boa rd or c o n s o le ). C hief o r lead o p e r a to rs in estab lish m en ts em ploying m o re than one o p e ra to r are exclu ded. F or an o p e r a to r who a lso acts as a r e c e p tio n is t, see Sw itchboard O p era tor -R e c e p tio n is t. P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e a ccou n tin g c l e r i c a l ta sk s su ch as p ostin g to r e g is t e r s and le d g e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g bank a c c o u n ts ; v e r ify in g the in tern a l c o n s is te n c y , c o m p le te n e s s , and m a th em a tica l a c c u r a c y o f a ccou n tin g d o cu m e n ts; a ssig n in g p r e s c r ib e d accoun tin g d is tr ib u tio n c o d e s ; exam in in g and v e r ify in g fo r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a riou s ty p es o f r e p o r t s , li s t s , c a lc u la tio n s , p o s tin g , e t c .; o r p rep a rin g sim p le o r a s s is tin g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p lic a te d jo u r n a l vou ch ers. May w ork in either a m anual o r au tom ated a ccou n tin g s y s te m . SW ITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R -R E C E PTIO N IST At a an op era tor— w ork in volves b u sin ess and priate p e r s o n arran gin g an sin g le -p o s itio n teleph on e sw itch boa rd o r c o n s o le , a cts both as see Sw itch board O p era tor— and as a r e ce p tio n is t. R e ce p tio n ist's such duties as g reetin g v is it o r s ; determ in in g nature o f v is it o r 's p rov id in g a p p rop ria te in form ation ; r e fe r r in g v is ito r to a p p r o in the org a n iz a tion or contactin g that p e r s o n by telephon e and appointm ent; keeping a log o f v is it o r s . ORDER C LE R K R e c e iv e s w ritten or v e rb a l c u s t o m e r s ' p u rch a se o r d e r s fo r m a te r ia l o r m erch a n d ise fr o m c u s to m e r s or sa les p e o p le . W ork ty p ic a lly in volves som e com bin a tion o f the follow in g du ties: Quoting p r ic e s ; d eterm in in g a v a il ab ility of o r d e r e d item s and su ggestin g substitutes, when n e c e s s a r y ; ad visin g expected d e liv e r y date and m ethod o f d e liv e r y ; r e co r d in g o r d e r and cu s to m e r in form ation on o r d e r sh eets; ch eck in g o r d e r sheets fo r a c c u r a c y and adequacy o f in form ation r e c o r d e d ; a scerta in in g c re d it rating o f c u s to m e r ; fu rn ish in g cu s to m e r w ith ack n ow ledgem ent o f re ce ip t o f o r d e r ; fo llo w in g -u p to see that o r d e r is d e liv e r e d by the s p e c ifie d date or to let cu s to m e r know o f a delay in d e liv e r y ; m aintaining o r d e r file ; checkin g shipping in v o ice against o r ig in a l o r d e r . E xclu de w o rk e r s paid on a c o m m is s io n b a sis o r w hose duties include any o f the fo llo w in g : R e c e iv in g o r d e r s fo r s e r v ic e s rath er than fo r m a teria l or m e r c h a n d ise ; p rovid in g cu s to m e r s with con su ltative a d v ice using know ledge gained fr o m en gin eerin g o r ex ten siv e te c h n ic a l train in g ; em phasizing sellin g s k ills ; handling m a te ria l o r m e rch a n d ise as an in teg ra l part o f the job . The w ork r e q u ire s a k n ow led ge o f c l e r i c a l m eth od s and o ffic e p r a c t ic e s and p r o ce d u r e s w hich r e la te s to the c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s in g and r e c o r d in g o f tra n sa ctio n s and accoun tin g in fo rm a tio n . W ith e x p e r ie n c e , the w o r k e r ty p ic a lly b e c o m e s fa m ilia r with the b ook k eep in g and a ccou n tin g t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s used in the a ssign ed w o rk , but is not r e q u ir e d to have a kn ow led ge o f the fo r m a l p r in cip le s o f book k eep in g and a cco u n tin g . P o sitio n s a r e c la s s ifie d d efin ition s: into le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g C lass A . Under g en era l s u p e r v is io n , p e r fo r m s a ccou n tin g c l e r i c a l o p e r a tio n s w hich re q u ire the a p p lica tio n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m en t, fo r e x a m p le , c le r ic a lly p r o c e s s in g c o m p lic a te d or n o n r e p e titiv e a ccou n tin g t r a n s a c tio n s , selectin g am ong a su bstantial v a r ie ty o f p r e s c r i b e d a ccou n tin g c o d e s and c la s s ific a t io n s , o r tra cin g tr a n s a c tio n s th rou g h p r e v io u s a ccou n tin g a ction s to determ in e s o u r ce o f d is c r e p a n c ie s . M ay be a s s is te d by on e o r m o r e c la s s B accou n tin g c le r k s . C lass B. Under c lo s e s u p e r v is io n , fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in stru ctio n s and stan dardized p r o c e d u r e s , p e r fo r m s on e o r m o r e rou tin e a ccou n tin g c l e r ic a l o p e r a tio n s , such as postin g to le d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o rk s h e e ts w h ere id en tifica tion o f item s and lo c a tio n s o f p o s tin g s a r e c le a r ly in d icated ; ch eck in g a c c u r a c y and co m p le te n e s s o f sta n d a rd iz e d and r e p e tit iv e r e c o r d s or accou n tin g d ocu m en ts; and cod in g d ocu m en ts u sin g a few p r e s c r i b e d accou n tin g co d e s. BO O K K EE PIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R O pera tes a bookkeeping m a ch in e (w ith o r w ithout a ty p e w r ite r k e y boa rd ) to keep a r e c o r d o f b u sin e s s tr a n s a c t io n s . follow in g C lass A . K eeps a set o f r e c o r d s r e q u irin g a k n ow led ge o f and e x p e rie n c e in b a s ic bookkeepin g p r in c ip le s , and fa m ilia r ity w ith the s tru c tu re o f the p a rticu la r accou n tin g sy ste m u se d . D e te r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d istrib u tion o f debit and c re d it ite m s to be u se d in each p h a se o f the w o rk . M ay p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a te d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e ts , and oth e r r e c o r d s by hand. C lass A . H andles o r d e r s that in volve m aking ju dgm en ts such as choosin g w hich s p e c ific p rod u ct o r m a te r ia l fr o m the esta b lis h m e n t's p rod u ct lin es w ill sa tisfy the c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s, o r determ in in g the p r ic e to be quoted when p r ic in g in v olv es m o r e than m e r e ly r e fe r r in g to a p r ic e lis t o r m aking som e sim p le m a th em a tica l ca lcu la tio n s . C lass B. K eeps a r e c o r d o f on e o r m o r e p h a ses o r s e c tio n s o f a set o f r e c o r d s u su a lly req u irin g little k n ow led g e o f b a s ic b ook k eep in g . P h a ses o r section s in clude a ccou n ts p a y a b le , p a y r o ll, c u s t o m e r s ' a cco u n ts (not in cluding a sim p le type o f b illin g d e s c r ib e d u nder m a ch in e b i lle r ) , P o sitio n s d e fin itio n s: are c la s s ifie d into le v e ls a c c o rd in g to the B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R — C on tin u ed K E Y E N T R Y O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d co st d is tr ib u tio n , e x p e n s e d is trib u tio n , in ven tory c o n tro l, e tc . M ay c h e ck o r a s s is t in p r e p a r a tio n o f t r ia l b a la n ces and p rep a re c o n t r o l sh eets fo r the accou n tin g d ep a rtm en t. C la ss B . W ork is routine and r e p e titiv e . Under c lo s e su p erv ision o r follow in g s p e c ific p r o c e d u r e s o r in s tr u c tio n s , w ork s fr o m v a riou s stan d a rd ize d s o u r c e docum ents w hich have been co d e d , and follow s s p e cifie d p r o c e d u r e s w h ich have been p r e s c r ib e d in d eta il and re q u ire little or no s e le c tin g , co d in g , o r in terp retin g o f data to be r e c o r d e d . R e fe r s to su p e r v is o r p r o b le m s a ris in g fr o m e r r o n e o u s i t e m s or cod es o r m issin g in form a tion . M ACHINE B IL L E R P r e p a r e s sta tem en ts, b ills , and in v o ice s on a m a ch in e oth er than an o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a t ic ty p e w rite r . M ay a lso ke.ep r e c o r d s as to b illin g s o r shipping c h a rg e s o r p e r fo r m oth er c le r ic a l w ork in ciden tal to b illin g o p e r a tio n s . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , m achine b ille r s a re c la s s ifie d by type o f m a ch in e , as fo llo w s : Professional and Technical CO M PU TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS B illin g -m a c h in e b i lle r . U ses a sp e cia l billin g m ach in e (com b in a tion typing and adding m ach in e) to p r e p a r e b ills and in v o ice s fr o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u rc h a se o r d e r s , in te rn a lly p r e p a re d o r d e r s , shipping m e m o ra n d a , etc. U su a lly in v o lv e s a p p lica tion o f p red eterm in ed discou n ts and shipping ch a rg e s and en try o f n e c e s s a r y e x te n sio n s, w hich m ay o r m ay not be com pu ted on the b illin g m a ch in e , and tota ls w hich are a u tom atica lly accu m u la ted by m a ch in e. The o p e r a tio n u su a lly in v olv es a la rg e num ber o f ca rb o n c o p ie s o f the b ill being p r e p a r e d and is often done on a fanfold m a ch in e. A n a ly zes b u sin e s s p r o b le m s to form u la te p r o ce d u r e s for solvin g th em by use o f e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g equ ipm ent. D evelops a com plete d e s c r ip tio n o f all s p e c ific a tio n s n eeded to enable p r o g r a m m e r s to p rep a re re q u ire d dig ital com p u ter p r o g r a m s . W ork in v o lv e s m ost o f the fo llo w in g : A n a ly zes s u b je c t-m a tte r op era tion s to be autom ated and id en tifies conditions and c r it e r ia r e q u ir e d to ach ieve s a tis fa c to r y r e s u lt s ; s p e c ifie s num ber and ty p es o f r e c o r d s , f ile s , and d ocu m en ts to be u sed; ou tlin es actions to be p e r fo r m e d by p e r s o n n e l and com p u ters in su fficien t detail fo r presen ta tion to m anagem ent and fo r p ro g ra m m in g (ty p ica lly th is in v olv es p rep a ra tion o f w o rk and data flow c h a rts); co o rd in a te s the d evelopm en t o f test p rob lem s and p a rticip a te s in t r ia l runs o f new and r e v is e d s y s te m s ; and recom m en d s equipm ent changes to obtain m o r e e ffe c tiv e o v e r a ll o p e ra tio n s . (NOTE: W o r k e rs p e r fo rm in g both s y ste m s an alysis and p ro g ra m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as sy ste m s analysts if th is is the s k ill used to determ ine th e ir p a y .) B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e b i l l e r . U ses a bookkeeping m a ch in e (w ith or without a ty p e w rite r k eyb oard ) to p r e p a r e c u s to m e r s ' b ills as part o f the a ccou n ts r e c e iv a b le op e ra tio n . G en era lly in volves the sim u ltaneou s en try o f fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . The m achine au tom atica lly a ccu m u la tes fig u r e s on a n um ber o f v e r t ic a l colu m n s and com pu tes and u su ally p rin ts a u to m a tica lly the deb it o r cre d it b a la n ces. D oes not in volve a know ledge o f b ook k eep in g . W o rk s fr o m u n iform and standard ty p es o f sa le s and c r e d it s lip s . D oes not in clu de e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le fo r the m a n a g e m ent o r su p e r v isio n o f oth er e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , or s y s te m s analysts p r im a r ily c o n c e rn e d w ith s c ie n tific or en gin eerin g p r o b le m s . P A Y R O L L CLERK F or P e r fo r m s the c le r i c a l tasks n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o lls and to m ain tain p a y r o ll r e c o r d s . W ork in volves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : P r o c e s s in g w o r k e r s ' tim e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; adjusting w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s fo r changes in w age r a te s , su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits, or tax d ed u ction s; editing p a y r o ll lis tin g s against s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; tra cin g and c o r r e c tin g e r r o r s in lis tin g s ; and a s s is tin g in p r e p a r a tio n o f p e r io d ic su m m ary p a y r o ll r e p o r t s . In a n on autom ated p a y r o ll s y s te m , com pu tes w ages. W ork m ay re q u ire a p r a c tic a l k n ow ledge o f g ov e rn m e n ta l re g u la tion s, com pany p a y r o ll p o lic y , o r the co m p u te r sy ste m fo r p r o c e s s in g p a y r o lls . O p era tes a keypunch m a ch in e to r e c o r d o r v e r ify alphabetic a n d /o r n u m e ric data on tabu latin g ca r d s o r on tape. a r e c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b a sis o f the pu rposes, sy ste m s M ay p ro v id e fu n ction al d ir e c tio n to who are a ssig n ed to a s s is t. follow in g an alysts are c la s s ifie d as lo w e r le v e l sy stem s analysts C lass B . W ork s independently o r under on ly g en eral d ire ctio n on p r o b le m s that are r e la t iv e ly u n co m p lica te d to a n a ly ze, plan, p r o g r a m , and o p e r a te . P r o b le m s are o f lim ite d co m p le x ity b e c a u se so u r ce s o f input data are h om og en eou s and the output data are c lo s e ly rela ted . (F o r exam ple, d ev elop s s y ste m s fo r m aintaining d e p o s ito r a ccou n ts in a bank, m aintaining accou n ts r e c e iv a b le in a r e ta il e sta b lis h m e n t, o r m aintaining in ven tory C la ss A . W ork r e q u ir e s the application o f e x p e rie n c e and judgm ent in se le ctin g p r o c e d u r e s to be follow ed and in sea rch in g f o r , in terp retin g , s e le c tin g , o r cod in g ite m s to be keypunched fr o m a v a rie ty o f s o u r c e d o c u m en ts. On o c c a s io n m ay a lso p e r fo r m som e routine keypunch w ork . M ay tra in in e x p e rie n c e d keypun ch o p e r a to r s . study C la ss A. W ork s in depen den tly o r under on ly g en era l d ire ctio n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s in v olv in g all ph ases o f sy ste m s a n a ly sis. P r o b le m s are c o m p le x b e c a u se o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u ltip le -u s e r e q u ir e m ents o f output data. (F o r ex a m p le , d ev elop s an in teg ra ted prod u ction s c h e d u ling, in ven tory c o n t r o l, co st a n a ly s is, and sa le s an alysis r e c o r d in w hich e v e r y ite m o f ea ch type is a u tom a tica lly p r o c e s s e d through the full sy stem o f r e c o r d s and a p p rop ria te follow u p a ction s are in itiated by the com p u ter.) C on fers with p e r s o n s c o n c e rn e d to d eterm in e the data p r o c e s s in g p rob lem s and a d v ises s u b je c t-m a tte r p e r so n n e l on the im p lic a tio n s o f new or r e v is e d sy ste m s o f data p r o c e s s in g o p e r a tio n s . M akes re co m m e n d a tio n s , if needed, fo r a p p rov a l o f m a jo r sy ste m s in sta lla tion s or changes and fo r obtaining equipm ent. KEY E N TRY O P E R A T O R P o s itio n s d efin ition s. w age fo llo w s : 21 C O M PU TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS— C o n tin u e d C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BU SIN ESS— C o n tin u e d accou n ts in a m an u factu rin g o r w h olesa le esta b lis h m e n t.) C on fers w ith p e r sons c o n c e r n e d to d eterm in e the data p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s and a d vises su b je c t-m a tte r p e r s o n n e l on the im p lic a tio n s o f the data p r o c e s s in g sy ste m s to be ap plied. linkage points betw een o p e r a tio n s , ad ju stm en ts to data when p r o g r a m r e qu irem en ts e x ce e d com pu ter sto ra g e c a p a city , and su bstan tial m anipulation and reseq u en cin g o f data elem en ts to fo r m a h igh ly in teg ra ted p r o g r a m . M ay p rov id e fu nction al a re a ssig n ed to a s s is t. OR W ork s on a segm en t o f a c o m p le x data p r o c e s s in g sch em e or s y ste m , as d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A . W ork s in dependently on routine a s s ig n m ents and r e c e iv e s in stru ctio n and guidan ce on c o m p le x a s sig n m e n ts . W ork is re v ie w e d fo r a c c u r a c y o f ju dgm en t, c o m p lia n ce w ith in s tr u c tio n s , and to in su re p r o p e r alignm ent w ith the o v e r a ll s y ste m . C la ss C . W ork s under im m ed ia te su p e r v is io n , c a r ry in g out an aly se s as a s sig n e d , u su ally o f a sin g le a ctiv ity . A ssig n m en ts are d esig n ed to d ev elop and expand p r a c t ic a l e x p e r ie n c e in the a p p lica tion o f p r o c e d u r e s and sk ills r e q u ir e d fo r sy s te m s an alysis w o rk . F o r e x a m p le , m ay a s s is t a h igher le v e l sy ste m s analyst by p re p a rin g the d eta iled s p e c ific a tio n s r e q u ir e d by p r o g r a m m e r s fr o m in fo rm a tio n d e v e lo p e d by the h igh er le v e l an alyst. CO M PU TER P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS C on v erts statem en ts o f b u sin e s s p r o b le m s , ty p ic a lly p r e p a r e d by a sy ste m s an alyst, into a seq u en ce o f d etailed in stru ctio n s w h ich are r e q u ire d to solv e the p r o b le m s by au tom atic data p r o c e s s in g equ ipm ent. W orkin g fr o m ch a rts o r d ia g r a m s , the p r o g r a m m e r d ev elop s the p r e c i s e in stru ctio n s w h ich , when e n tered into the com p u ter sy ste m in c od ed language, cau se the m anipu lation o f data to ach ieve d e s ir e d r e s u lts . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : A pp lies k n ow led ge o f com p u ter c a p a b ilitie s , m a th e m a tics, lo g ic e m p lo y e d by c o m p u te r s, and p a rticu la r su b ject m a tter in v o lv e d to an alyze ch a rts and d ia gram s o f the p r o b le m to be p r o g r a m m e d ; d ev elop s seq u en ce o f p r o g r a m step s; w rite s d eta iled flow ch arts to show o r d e r in w hich data w ill be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e rts th e se ch a rts to c od ed in stru ctio n s fo r m a ch in e to fo llo w ; tests and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in stru ctio n s fo r op era tin g p e r s o n n e l during p ro d u ctio n run; a n a ly z e s , r e v ie w s , and a lte rs p r o g r a m s to in c r e a s e operatin g e ffic ie n c y o r adapt to new r e q u ire m e n ts ; m ain tains r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m dev elop m en t and r e v is io n s . (N O TE: W o r k e rs p e r fo r m in g both sy stem s a n a lysis and p ro g ra m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as sy ste m s an alysts if this is the s k ill u sed to d eterm in e th e ir p a y.) D oes not in clu de e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le fo r the m a n a ge m ent or s u p e r v is io n o f oth er e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g ra m m e r s p r im a r ily c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n t ific a n d /o r en gin eerin g p r o b le m s . C lass B . W orks independently o r under on ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on r e la tiv e ly sim ple p r o g r a m s , or on sim p le seg m en ts o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s (or segm en ts) usually p r o c e s s in fo rm a tio n to p r o d u c e data in two o r th re e v a rie d seq u en ces o r fo r m a ts . R e p o r ts and lis tin g s are p ro d u c e d by re fin in g , adapting, arra y in g , or m aking m in o r additions to o r d eletion s fr o m input data w hich are r e a d ily a v a ila b le. W hile n u m erou s r e c o r d s m ay be p r o c e s s e d , the data have been r e fin e d in p r io r action s so that the a c c u r a c y and sequencing o f data can be te s te d by using a few routine c h e c k s . T y p ic a lly , the p r o g r a m deals with routine r e co r d k e e p in g o p e r a tio n s . OR W orks on com p lex p r o g r a m s (as d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A ) under c lo s e d ir e c tio n o f a higher le v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r . M ay a s s is t high er le v e l p r o g r a m m e r by independently p e r fo r m in g le s s d ifficu lt ta sk s a ssig n ed , and p e rfo rm in g m o r e difficu lt tasks under fa ir ly c lo s e d ir e c tio n . M ay guide or in stru ct lo w e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s . C lass C . M akes p r a c tic a l a p p lica tion s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c tic e s and con cep ts usu ally lea rn ed in fo r m a l tra in in g c o u r s e s . A ssig n m en ts are d esign ed to develop com p eten ce in the a p p lica tion o f stan dard p r o c e d u r e s to routine p r o b le m s . R e c e iv e s c lo s e s u p e r v is io n on new a s p e c ts o f a ssig n m en ts; and w ork is review ed to v e r ify its a c c u r a c y and c o n fo r m a n c e w ith r e q u ire d proced u res. CO M PU TE R O PERA TO R M on itors and op era tes the c o n tr o l c o n s o le o f a d ig ita l com p u ter to p r o c e s s data a ccord in g to operatin g in s t r u c t io n s , u su ally p r e p a r e d by a p r o g r a m m e r . W ork in clu des m ost o f the fo llo w in g : S tudies in stru ction s to d eterm in e equipm ent setup and o p e r a tio n s ; loa ds equ ipm ent w ith r e q u ire d item s (tape r e e ls , c a r d s , e t c .); sw itch es n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia ry equipm ent into c ir c u it , and starts and op era tes com p u te r; m a k es adju stm en ts to com p u ter to c o r r e c t operating p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c ia l c o n d itio n s; r e v ie w s e r r o r s m ade during op eration and d eterm in es ca u se o r r e fe r s p r o b le m to s u p e r v is o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m aintains op era tin g r e c o r d s . M ay te s t and a s s is t in c o r r e c t in g p ro g ra m . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , p r o g r a m m e r s are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : F o r w age C la ss A . W ork s independently o r under on ly g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s w h ich r e q u ir e co m p e te n ce in a ll ph ases o f p ro g ra m m in g con cep ts and p r a c t ic e s . W orkin g fr o m d ia gra m s and ch a rts w h ich iden tify the nature o f d e s ir e d r e s u lt s , m a jo r p r o c e s s in g steps to be a c c o m p lis h e d , and the r e la tio n s h ip s betw een v a rio u s steps o f the p r o b le m solv in g rou tin e; plans the fu ll ran ge o f p r o g r a m m in g a ction s n eed ed to e ffic ie n tly u tilize the com pu ter s y s te m in ach ievin g d e s ir e d end p r o d u c ts . study p u r p o s e s , com p u ter opera tors are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C lass A . O perates in depen den tly, o r under on ly g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n , a com p u ter running p ro g ra m s w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : New p ro g ra m s a r e freq u en tly tested and in tro d u ce d ; sch edu lin g re q u ire m e n ts are o f c r it ic a l im p orta n ce to m in im iz e dow n tim e; the p r o g r a m s are o f c o m p le x design so that id en tifica tion o f e r r o r s o u r c e often r e q u ir e s a w ork in g k n ow ledge o f the total p r o g r a m , and altern a te p r o g r a m s m ay not be a v a ila b le. M ay give d ire ctio n and guidance to lo w e r le v e l o p e r a t o r s . At th is le v e l, p ro g ra m m in g is d ifficu lt b e c a u s e com p u ter equipm ent m ust be o r g a n iz e d to p rod u ce s e v e r a l in te r r e la te d but d iv e r s e p ro d u cts fr o m n um erou s and d iv e r s e data e le m e n ts . A w ide v a r ie ty and ex ten siv e num ber o f in tern a l p r o c e s s in g a ction s m ust o c c u r . T h is r e q u ir e s su ch action s as d ev elopm en t o f co m m o n op e ra tio n s w h ich can be r e u s e d , esta b lish m en t o f d ir e c tio n to lo w e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s who C lass B . O pera tes in depen den tly, o r under on ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n , a com p u ter running p ro g ra m s w ith m o s t o f the follow in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : M ost o f the p ro g ra m s are esta b lis h e d p ro d u ctio n ru n s, ty p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e cu rr in g b a s is ; th e re is little o r no testin g o f new p r o g r a m s 22 C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d D R A F T E R -T R A C E R r e q u ir e d ; altern a te p r o g r a m s a r e p rov id ed in ca se o r ig in a l p r o g r a m n eeds m a jo r change o r cannot be c o r r e c t e d w ithin a re a so n a b ly sh ort tim e . In c o m m o n e r r o r situ a tio n s , d ia g n o se s cau se and takes c o r r e c t iv e action . T h is u su ally in v o lv e s applying p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t iv e s te p s , or using stan dard c o r r e c t io n te ch n iq u e s . C op ies plans and draw in gs p r e p a r e d by oth ers by p la cin g tra cin g clo th o r pa per o v e r draw ings and tr a c in g w ith pen o r p e n cil. (D oes not in clu de tr a c in g lim ite d to plans p r im a r ily con sistin g o f straight lin es and a la r g e s c a le not r e q u irin g c lo s e d elin ea tion .) OR A N D /O R O p e ra te s u nder d ir e c t su p e r v is io n a com p u ter running p r o g r a m s o r se g m e n ts o f p r o g r a m s w ith the c h a r a c t e r is t ic s d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A . M ay a s s is t a h igh er le v e l o p e r a t o r by independently p e r fo rm in g le s s d ifficu lt ta sk s a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt ta sk s follow in g d etailed in stru ctio n s and w ith freq u en t r e v ie w o f o p e r a tio n s p e r fo r m e d . P r e p a r e s sim p le or r e p e titiv e draw in gs o f e a s ily v isu a liz e d ite m s. W ork is c lo s e ly su p e r v is e d during p r o g r e s s . C la ss C . W o r k s on rou tin e p r o g r a m s under c lo s e s u p e r v is io n . Is e x p e cte d to d e v e lo p w ork in g kn ow led ge o f the com p u ter equipm ent u sed and a b ility to d e te ct p r o b le m s in v o lv e d in running routine p r o g r a m s . U sually has r e c e iv e d s o m e fo r m a l tra in in g in com p u ter op era tion . M ay a s s is t h igh er le v e l o p e r a t o r on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . DRAFTER C la s s A . P la n s the g ra p h ic p resen ta tion o f c o m p le x item s having d is tin c tiv e d e s ig n fe a tu r e s that d iffe r sig n ifica n tly fr o m esta b lish ed draftin g p r e c e d e n t s . W o r k s in c lo s e su pport w ith the design o r ig in a to r , and m ay r e c o m m e n d m in o r d e s ig n ch a n g e s. A n a ly zes the effect o f ea ch change on the d e ta ils o f f o r m , fu n ctio n , and p o s itio n a l rela tion sh ip s o f com p on en ts and p a r t s . W o rk s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v is o r y a s s is ta n c e . C om p leted w o rk is r e v ie w e d by d e s ig n o r ig in a to r f o r c o n s is te n c y with p r io r en g in eerin g d e t e r m in a tio n s. M ay e ith e r p r e p a r e draw in gs o r d ir e c t their p re p a ra tio n by lo w e r le v e l d r a ft e r s . C la ss B . P e r fo r m s n on rou tin e and c o m p le x d raftin g a s sig n m en ts that r e q u ir e the a p p lic a tio n o f m o s t o f the stan dardized draw in g tech n iq u es r e g u la r ly u sed . D uties t y p ic a lly in volve such w ork as: P r e p a r e s w ork in g d ra w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b lie s w ith ir r e g u la r sh a p es, m u ltiple fu n ctio n s, and p r e c i s e p o s itio n a l r e la tio n s h ip s betw een com p on en ts; p r e p a r e s a r c h ite c tu r a l d ra w in g s fo r c o n s tr u c tio n o f a building including detail d raw in gs o f fo u n d a tio n s , w a ll s e c t io n s , f lo o r p la n s , and r o o f. U ses a c c e p te d fo r m u la s and m a n u a ls in m akin g n e c e s s a r y com pu ta tion s to d eterm in e qu an tities o f m a t e r ia ls to be u s e d , lo a d c a p a c it ie s , stren g th s, s t r e s s e s , e tc . R e c e iv e s in itia l in s t r u c t io n s , r e q u ir e m e n t s , and a d v ice fr o m s u p e r v is o r . C om p leted w o r k is ch e ck e d fo r t e c h n ic a l ad equ acy. C la ss C . P r e p a r e s d e ta il draw in gs o f single units o r p a rts fo r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s tr u c tio n , m a n u fa ctu rin g , o r rep a ir p u r p o s e s . Types of d ra w in g s p r e p a r e d in clu d e is o m e t r ic p r o je c tio n s (depictin g th r e e d im e n s io n s in a c c u r a t e s c a le ) and s e c tio n a l v iew s to c la r ify p osition in g o f com p on en ts and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo rm a tio n . C on solid a tes d etails fr o m a n u m b er o f s o u r c e s and a d ju sts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ire d . Su ggested m eth od s o f a p p ro a ch , a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v ice on so u r ce m a te r ia ls a r e given w ith in itia l a s s ig n m e n ts . In stru ction s a re le s s c o m p le te w hen a ssig n m en ts recu r. W ork m a y be s p o t -c h e c k e d during p r o g r e s s . E LE C TR O N IC S TECHNICIAN W ork s on v a rio u s ty p es o f e le c t r o n ic equipm ent and re la te d d e v ice s by p e r fo r m in g one o r a com b in a tion o f the fo llow in g : In stallin g , m aintaining, r e p a ir in g , ov erh a u lin g , tr o u b le s h o o tin g , m o d ify in g , c o n s tru ctin g , and testin g . W ork r e q u ir e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lica tion o f te c h n ic a l kn ow ledge o f e le c tr o n ic s p r in c ip le s , ability co d eterm in e m a llu n ctio n s , and s k ill to put equipm ent in r e q u ir e d op era tin g con dition . The equipm ent— c o n s istin g o f eith er m any d ifferen t kinds o f c ir c u its o r m u ltip le r e p e titio n o f the sa m e kind o f c ir c u it—-in c lu d e s , but is not lim ited to , the fo llo w in g : (a) E le c t r o n ic tra n sm ittin g and r e c e iv in g equipm ent (e .g ., r a d a r , r a d io , te le v is io n , telep h on e, s o n a r , n avigation al a id s), (b) digital and analog c o m p u te r s , and (c) in d u stria l and m e d ic a l m ea su rin g and con trollin g equ ipm ent. T h is c la s s ific a t io n e x clu d e s r e p a ir e r s o f su ch standard e le c tr o n ic equ ipm ent as co m m o n o ffic e m a ch in es and h ou seh old ra d io and te le v is io n s e t s ; p ro d u ctio n a s s e m b le r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h ose p r im a ry duty is s e r v ic in g e le c t r o n ic te s t in stru m e n ts; te ch n icia n s who have a d m in istra tiv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ility ; and d r a fte r s , d e s ig n e r s , and p r o fe s s io n a l e n g in e e r s . P o s itio n s d e fin it io n s : are c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b a s is o f the follow in g C la ss A . A p p lies advance te c h n ic a l kn ow ledge to s o lv e unusually c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i .e ., th o se that ty p ic a lly cannot be s o lv e d s o le ly by r e f e r en ce to m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m anuals o r s im ila r d ocu m en ts) in w orkin g on e l e c tr o n ic equ ipm ent. E x am p les o f su ch p r o b le m s in clu d e lo c a tio n and density o f c ir c u it r y , e le c tr o m a g n e tic ra d ia tion , is o la tin g m a lfu n ction s, and frequent e n g in e e rin g ch a n g es. W ork in v o lv e s : A d eta iled understanding o f the in te r r e la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u it s ; e x e r c is in g independent judgm ent in p e r fo rm in g such ta sk s as m aking c ir c u it a n a ly s e s , ca lcu la tin g w ave fo r m s , tra cin g r e la t io n sh ips in sign a l flo w ; and r e g u la r ly using c o m p le x te s t in stru m en ts (e .g ., dual t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q -m e t e r s , d eviation m e t e r s , pu lse g e n e r a to rs ). W ork m a y b e r e v ie w e d by s u p e r v is o r (freq u en tly an en gin eer or d e s ig n e r ) fo r g e n e r a l c o m p lia n ce w ith a c c e p te d p r a c t ic e s . M ay p rov id e te c h n ic a l guidan ce to lo w e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n s . C la ss B . A p p lies c o m p r e h e n siv e te c h n ic a l k n ow ledge to solv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , th ose that ty p ic a lly can be s o lv e d s o le ly by p r o p e r ly in te rp re tin g m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m anuals o r s im ila r d ocu m en ts) in w orkin g on E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C o n tin u ed M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N e le c tr o n ic equipm ent. W ork in v o lv e s : A fa m ilia r ity w ith the in te r r e la tio n ships o f c ir c u it s ; and judgm ent in d eterm in in g w ork seq u en ce and in se le ctin g to o ls and testin g in stru m en ts, u su ally le s s c o m p le x than th o se used by the c la s s A tech n icia n . P e r fo r m s a v a rie ty o f e le c t r ic a l tra d e fu n ction s such as the in s t a l la tion , m ain ten an ce, or r e p a ir o f equipm ent fo r the g en era tion , d is trib u tio n , o r u tiliza tion of e le c t r ic en ergy in an e sta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Installing o r re p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l eq u ip ment su ch as g e n e r a to rs , t r a n s fo r m e r s , s w itch b o a rd s , c o n t r o lle r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o to r s , heating units, conduit s y s t e m s , o r oth er tr a n s m is s io n equ ipm ent; w orking fr o m b lu ep rin ts, d ra w in g s, la y o u ts , or oth er s p e c if i ca tion s; locatin g and diagn osing tr o u b le in the e le c t r ic a l s y s te m o r eq u ip m ent; w ork in g standard com putations re la tin g to loa d re q u ire m e n ts o f w irin g or e le c t r ic a l equipm ent; and using a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic ia n 's h an dtools and m ea su rin g and testin g in stru m en ts. In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m a in ten an ce e le c tr ic ia n r e q u ire s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally a cq u ire d th rough a fo r m a l ap pren ticesh ip or equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l gu id an ce, as r e q u ir e d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r or higher le v e l tech n icia n , and w ork is re v ie w e d fo r s p e c ific co m p lia n ce w ith a ccep ted p r a c tic e s and w ork a ssig n m en ts. M ay p r o v id e te c h n ic a l guidance to low er le v e l te ch n icia n s . C la ss C . A p p lies w ork in g te c h n ic a l kn ow ledge to p e r fo r m sim p le or routine ta sk s in w ork in g on e le c tr o n ic equ ipm ent, follow in g d eta iled in s t r u c tions w hich c o v e r v irtu a lly a ll p r o c e d u r e s . W ork ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s such ta sk s as: A s s is tin g h igh er le v e l te ch n icia n s by p e r fo rm in g su ch a c tiv itie s as re p la cin g com p on en ts, w irin g c ir c u it s , and taking te s t r e a d in g s; re p a irin g sim p le e le c tr o n ic equipm ent; and using to o ls and com m on te s t in stru m en ts (e .g ., m u ltim e te rs , audio sign al g e n e r a t o r s , tube t e s t e r s , o s c ill o s c o p e s ) . Is not re q u ire d to be fa m ilia r w ith the in te r re la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u it s . This k n ow led ge, h o w e v e r, m ay be a cq u ire d th rough a ssign m en ts design ed to in c r e a s e com p eten ce (including c la s s r o o m tra in in g ) so that w o rk e r cam advance to high er le v e l tech n icia n . R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l gu id an ce, as r e q u ir e d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r or h igher le v e l tech n icia n . W ork is ty p ic a lly sp o t-ch e c k e d , but is given d eta iled re v ie w when new o r advanced assign m en ts are in volved . R E G ISTER ED INDUSTRIAL NURSES A r e g is te r e d n u rse who g iv es n u rsin g s e r v ic e under g e n e ra l m e d ica l d ire ctio n to ill or in ju red e m p lo y e e s or oth er p e r so n s who b e c o m e ill or su ffer an a ccid en t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa c to r y o r oth er esta b lish m en t. Duties in v olv e a com bin a tion o f the fo llo w in g : G iving fir s t aid to the ill or in ju red ; attending to subsequent d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; keepin g r e c o r d s o f patients tre a te d ; p rep a rin g a ccid en t r e p o r t s fo r com p en sa tion o r other p u rp o s e s ; a s sistin g in p h y s ic a l exam in a tion s and health evalu ation s o f applicants and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r ry in g out p r o g r a m s in volvin g health edu ca tion , accid en t p rev en tion , evalu ation o f plant en v iron m en t, or oth er a c tiv itie s affectin g the health, w e lfa r e , and sa fety o f all p e rso n n e l. N ursing s u p e r v is o r s o r head n u rse s in esta b lish m en ts em p loyin g m o r e than one n u rse are ex clu d ed . M AINTENANCE PAIN TER P aints and r e d e c o r a te s w a lls , w o o d w o rk , and fix tu re s o f an e s t a b lish m en t. W ork in volves the fo llo w in g : K now ledge o f su r fa c e p e c u lia r itie s and ty p es o f paint re q u ire d for d ifferen t a p p lica tio n s ; p re p a rin g s u r fa c e fo r painting by rem ov in g old fin ish or by p la cin g putty o r fille r in n a il h oles and in te r s t ic e s ; and applying paint with sp ra y gun o r b ru sh . M ay m ix c o lo r s , o ils , w hite lea d, and other paint in g red ien ts to obtain p r o p e r c o lo r or c o n s is te n c y . In g e n e ra l, the w ork o f the m a in ten an ce pa in ter r e q u ir e s rou n ded train in g and e x p e rie n ce u su ally a cq u ire d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p ren tic e s h ip o r equivalent train in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M AINTENANCE MACHINIST Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant P rod u ces rep la cem en t pa rts and new p a rts in m aking r e p a ir s o f m etal pa rts o f m e ch a n ica l equipm ent o p e ra te d in an e sta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v olv es m o s t of the fo llo w in g : In terp retin g w ritten in s tru ctio n s and s p e c i fic a tio n s ; planning and laying out o f w o rk ; using a v a r ie ty o f m a c h in is t's handtools and p r e c is io n m ea su rin g in stru m e n ts; settin g up and op era tin g standard m achine to o ls ; shaping o f m e ta l pa rts to c lo s e to le r a n c e s ; m aking standard shop com putations relatin g to d im en sion s o f w o rk , to o lin g , fe e d s , and sp eed s o f m achining; know ledge o f the w ork in g p r o p e r t ie s o f the com m on m e ta ls ; selectin g standard m a te r ia ls , p a r t s , and equipm ent r e q u ir e d fo r th is w ork ; and fitting and a ssem b lin g pa rts into m e c h a n ica l equ ipm ent. In g e n e r a l, the m a ch in is t's w ork n orm a lly r e q u ir e s a rou n ded tra in in g in m a ch in e -s h o p p r a c tic e usually acq u ired through a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e rie n ce . M AINTENANCE C A R P E N T E R M AINTENANCE M ECHANIC (M ach in ery) P e r fo r m s the ca rp en try duties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s tru ct and m aintain in good r e p a ir bu ildin g w ood w ork and equipm ent su ch as b in s , c r ib s , co u n te rs, b e n c h e s , p a rtitio n s, d o o r s , f lo o r s , s t a ir s , c a s in g s , and tr im m ade o f w ood in an esta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out o f w ork fr o m b lu e p r in ts , d ra w in gs, m o d e ls , o r v e r b a l in stru ctio n s; using a v a r ie ty o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d tools, p o rta b le p ow er t o o ls , and standard m ea su rin g in stru m en ts; m aking standard shop com pu tation s relatin g to dim en sion s o f w ork ; and se le ctin g m a te r ia ls n e c e s s a r y fo r the w ork . In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m ain ten an ce ca rp e n te r r e q u ir e s rounded train in g and e x p e rie n c e u sually a cq u ire d th rough a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip or equivalent train in g and e x p e rie n c e . R ep a irs m a ch in ery or m e c h a n ica l equ ipm ent o f an esta b lish m en t. W ork in v olv es m ost o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in ing m a ch in es and m e c h a n ica l equipm ent to diagnose so u r ce o f tr o u b le ; dism a n tlin g o r p a rtly d ism a n tlin g m a ch in es and p erform in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e the use o f h an dtools in scra p in g and fitting p a rts; re p la cin g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts w ith ite m s obtain ed fr o m stock ; o r d e rin g the p r o d u c tio n o f a re p la c e m e n t part by a m ach in e shop or sending the m ach in e to a m a ch in e shop fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p rep a rin g w ritten sp e cifica tio n s fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r fo r the p ro d u ctio n o f parts o r d e r e d fr o m m achine sh ops; r e a s s e m b lin g m a ch in e s; and m aking all n e c e s s a r y adjustm ents fo r o p era tion . In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f a m a ch in e ry m ain ten an ce m ech an ic re q u ire s rou n d ed tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a c h in e r y )— C on tin u ed M IL L W R IG H T — C o n tin u e d a c q u ir e d th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip or equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r i e n ce . E x clu d ed fr o m th is c la s s ific a t io n are w o rk e r s w h ose p r im a r y duties in v o lv e settin g up o r ad ju sting m a ch in e s. w ork ; in terp retin g b lu ep rin ts o r oth er s p e c ific a tio n s ; using a v a r ie ty o f handto o ls and r ig g in g ; m aking standard shop com pu tation s relatin g to s t r e s s e s , stren gth o f m a te r ia ls , and c e n te rs o f g ra v ity ; aligning and balancin g equ ip m en t; s e le ctin g stan dard t o o l s , equ ipm en t, and p a rts to be used; and in stalling and m ain taining in g ood o r d e r p ow er tr a n s m is s io n equipm ent such as d riv es and sp eed r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, the m illw r ig h t's w ork n o rm a lly re q u ire s a roun ded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in the tra d e a cq u ired through a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN TE N A N C E M ECH AN IC (M otor V e h ic le s ) R e p a ir s a u to m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o to r tr u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Exam ining a u tom otive eq u ip m ent to d ia g n ose s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d is a s se m b lin g equipm ent and p e r fo rm in g r e p a ir s that in v olv e the u se o f su ch handtools as w re n ch e s , g a u g es, d r ills , o r s p e c ia liz e d equ ipm ent in d is a s s e m b lin g or fitting p a rts; r e p la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m s to ck ; grin din g and adjusting v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in sta llin g the v a r io u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m aking n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en ts; and align in g w h e e ls , adjusting b ra k es and lig h ts , o r tightening bod y b o lt s . In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m otor v e h icle m a in ten an ce m e ch a n ic r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e usu ally a cq u ired th rou g h a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r equ iv alen t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e . T h is c la s s ific a t io n d oes not in clude t o m e r s ' v e h ic le s in a u tom ob ile r e p a ir sh ops. m ech a n ics who r e p a ir M AINTENANCE TRA D E S H E LPE R A s s is ts one or m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k ille d m aintenance tr a d e s , by p e r fo rm in g s p e c ific o r g e n e r a l duties o f le s s e r s k ill, such as keeping a w o rk e r su pplied w ith m a te r ia ls and t o o ls ; clean in g w orkin g a rea , m a ch in e, and equ ipm ent; a s sistin g jou rn ey m a n by h olding m a te r ia ls or to o ls ; and p e r fo r m in g oth er u n sk illed ta sk s as d ir e c te d by jou rn ey m a n . The kind o f w ork the h elp er is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m v a r ie s fr o m trad e to trad e: In som e tra d e s the h e lp e r is con fin ed to su pplyin g, liftin g , and holding m a te ria ls and t o o ls , and clean in g W orking a r e a s ; and in o th ers he is p erm itted to p e r fo r m s p e c ia liz e d m a ch in e o p e r a tio n s , o r p a rts o f a tra d e that are a lso p e r fo r m e d by w o r k e r s on a fu ll-tim e b a s is . cu s M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (TO O LR O O M ) In sta lls o r r e p a ir s w a te r , stea m , g a s, o r oth er ty p es o f pip e and p ip e fittin g s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Laying out w o rk and m e a s u rin g to lo c a te p o s itio n o f pipe fr o m draw in gs o r oth er w ritten s p e c ific a t io n s ; cutting v a r io u s s iz e s o f pipe to c o r r e c t len gths w ith c h is e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a ce ty le n e t o r c h o r p ip e-cu ttin g m a ch in e s ; th readin g pipe w ith s to ck s and d ie s ; bending pipe by h an d -d riven o r p o w e r -d r iv e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g pip e w ith cou p lin g s and fastening pipe to h an gers; m akin g sta n d a rd sh op com p u ta tion s rela tin g to p r e s s u r e s , flo w , and s iz e o f pip e r e q u ir e d ; and m akin g stan dard te s ts to d eterm in e w hether fin ish e d pipes m eet s p e c ific a t io n s . In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m a in ten an ce p ip e fitte r r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e usu ally a cq u ired th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip o r eq u ivalen t train in g and e x p e r ie n c e . W o r k e r s p r im a r ily en ga ged in in sta llin g and r e p a ir in g building sanitation o r heating sy ste m s a r e e x c lu d e d . S p e c ia liz e s in op era tin g one o r m o r e than one type o f m achine t o o l ( e .g ., jig b o r e r , grin din g m a ch in e , engine la th e, m illin g m a ch in e) to m ach in e m eta l fo r use in m aking o r m aintaining j i g s , fix tu re s , cutting to o ls , g a u g es, o r m eta l d ies or m o ld s u sed in shaping o r form in g m eta l or n o n m e ta llic m a te r ia l (e .g ., p la s t ic , p la s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ). W ork ty p ica lly in v o lv e s : Planning and p e r fo r m in g d ifficu lt m ach in in g operation s w hich r e q u ir e c o m p lic a te d setups or a high d e g re e o f a c c u r a c y ; setting up m achine t o o l or to o ls ( e .g ., in sta ll cutting t o o ls and adjust g u id es, stop s, w orkin g ta b le s , and oth er c o n tr o ls to handle the s iz e o f sto ck to be m ach in ed; d eterm in e p r o p e r fe e d s , s p e e d s , to o lin g , and op e ra tio n sequence or se le c t th ose p r e s c r ib e d in d ra w in g s, b lu e p r in ts , o r la y o u ts ); using a v a riety o f p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m e n ts; m aking n e c e s s a r y adjustm ents during m ach in in g o p e r a tio n to a ch ieve r e q u is ite d im en sion s to v e r y c lo s e to le r a n c e s . M ay be r e q u ir e d to s e le c t p r o p e r coola n ts and cutting and lu bricatin g o ils , to r e c o g n iz e when to o ls n eed d r e s s in g , and to d r e s s to o ls . In g e n e ra l, the w ork o f a m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r (to o lr o o m ) at the s k ill le v e l ca lle d for in th is c la s s ific a tio n r e q u ir e s ex ten siv e k n ow ledge o f m a ch in e -sh o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c tic e u su ally a c q u ir e d th rou gh c o n s id e r a b le o n -th e -jo b trainin g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN TE N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L W ORKER F a b r ic a t e s , in s t a lls , and m ain tains in good r e p a ir the sh e e t-m e ta l equ ipm ent and fix tu r e s (su ch as m a ch in e g u a rd s, g r e a s e p a n s, s h e lv e s , lo c k e r s , ta n k s, v e n t ila t o r s , ch u tes, d u cts, m etal ro o fin g ) o f an esta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out a ll types o f s h e e t-m e ta l m a in ten a n ce w ork fr o m b lu e p rin ts , m o d e ls , o r oth er s p e c if i c a tio n s ; settin g up and o p e ra tin g a ll availab le typ es o f s h e e t-m e ta l w orkin g m a c h in e s ; u sin g a v a r ie ty o f h an dtools in cutting, bending, fo r m in g , shaping, fittin g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in sta llin g s h e e t-m e ta l a r tic le s as r e q u ir e d . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m a in ten an ce sh e e t-m e ta l w o rk e r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a cq u ire d th rough a fo r m a l a p p re n tice s h ip or eq u ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . F o r c r o s s -in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , th is c la s s ific a tio n does not in clu de m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s (to o lr o o m ) em p loy ed in to o l and die job bin g s h o p s. T O O L AND DIE M AKER C on stru cts and r e p a ir s j i g s , fix tu r e s , cutting to o ls , g au ges, or m eta l dies o r m o ld s u sed in shaping or fo r m in g m etal or n on m etallic m a te r ia l ( e .g ., p la s t ic , p la s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ). W ork ty p ica lly in v o lv e s : Planning and layin g out w o rk a c c o r d in g to m o d e ls , b lu e p rin ts , draw in gs, or oth er w ritten o r o r a l s p e c ific a tio n s ; understan din g the w orkin g p r o p e rtie s o f com m on m e ta ls and a llo y s ; s e le c tin g a p p rop ria te m a te r ia ls , t o o ls , and M ILLW RIG H T In sta lls new m a ch in e s o r heavy equipm ent, and d ism a n tles and in s ta lls m a ch in e s o r h eavy equ ipm ent when changes in the plant layou t are r e q u ir e d . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and la yin g out 25 T O O L AND D IE M A K E R — C o n tin u e d S H IP P E R A N D R E C E IV E R p r o c e s s e s r e q u ir e d to c o m p le te ta sk s ; m aking n e c e s s a r y shop com p u ta tion s; setting up and op era tin g v a r io u s m a ch in e to o ls and r e la te d equipm ent; using v a riou s to o l and die m a k e r 's handtools and p r e c is io n m e a su rin g in stru m en ts; w orking to v e r y c lo s e t o le r a n c e s ; h e a t-tre a tin g m eta l p a rts and fin ish ed to o ls and dies to a ch iev e r e q u ir e d q u a litie s; fittin g and a s se m b lin g p a rts to p r e s c r ib e d t o le r a n c e s and a llo w a n ce s . In g e n e r a l, the t o o l and die m a k e r 's w ork r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o lr o o m p r a c tic e usu ally a cq u ire d th rough fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e . P e r fo r m s c le r ic a l and p h y s ic a l ta sk s in con n ection w ith shipping good s o f the establish m en t in w h ich e m p lo y e d and r e c e iv in g in com in g sh ip m en ts. In p e r fo rm in g d a y -to -d a y , rou tin e ta s k s , fo llo w s e sta b lis h e d g u id elin es. In handling unusual n onroutin e p r o b le m s , r e c e iv e s s p e c ific g u id ance fr o m su p e r v iso r or oth er o ffic ia l s . M ay d ir e c t and c o o rd in a te the a c tiv itie s o f other w o rk e r s engaged in handling g oods to be sh ipped o r bein g r e c e iv e d . F o r c r o s s -in d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , this c la s s ific a tio n d oes not in clude t o o l and die m a k e rs who (1) are em p loy ed in t o o l and die job b in g shops or (2) p ro d u ce fo rg in g dies (die s in k e r s ). STATIO N AR Y ENGINEER O p era tes and m ain tains and m ay a lso su p e r v is e the o p era tion o f station a ry en gin es and equipm ent (m e c h a n ica l o r e le c t r ic a l) to supply the estab lish m en t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r,' heat, r e fr ig e r a t io n , o r a i r con dition in g. W ork in v o lv e s : O pera tin g and m aintaining equipm ent su ch as stea m en g in e s, air c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , tu r b in e s , ventilatin g and r e fr ig e r a tin g equ ipm en t, stea m b o ile r s and b o i le r - f e d w ater pum ps; m aking equipm ent r e p a ir s ; and keepin g a r e c o r d o f o p era tion o f m a ch in e ry , te m p e ra tu re , and fu el con su m p tion . M ay a lso s u p e r v is e th ese o p e r a tio n s . Head o r c h ie f e n g in e e rs in esta b lish m en ts em p loy in g m o r e than one en gin eer a re e x clu d e d . BO ILER TEN DER F ir e s station a ry b o ile r s to fu rn ish the esta b lish m en t in w hich em p loyed w ith heat, p o w e r, o r stea m . F eed s fu els to fir e by hand or op era tes a m e c h a n ica l s to k e r , g a s, o r o il b u r n e r ; and ch eck s w ater and sa fety v a lv e s . M ay clea n , o il, o r a s s is t in r e p a irin g b o ile r r o o m equ ipm ent. Material Movement and Custodial TRU CK DRIVER D riv es a tru ck w ithin a city o r in d u stria l a re a to tra n sp o rt m a te r ia ls , m e r c h a n d is e , equ ipm en t, o r w o r k e r s betw een v a rio u s ty p e s o f estab lish m en ts su ch as: M anufacturing p la n ts, freig h t d ep ots, w a r e h o u s e s , w h olesa le and r e ta il e s ta b lis h m e n ts, o r b etw een r e ta il esta b lish m en ts and c u s to m e r s ' h ou ses o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s . M ay a lso loa d o r unload tru ck w ith o r w ithout h e lp e r s , m ake m in or m e c h a n ica l r e p a ir s , and k eep tr u ck in g ood w orkin g o r d e r . S a le s ro u te and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s a re e x clu d e d . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s are c la s s ifie d by type and ra ted ca p a city o f tr u ck , as fo llo w s : T r u c k d r iv e r , light tru ck (stra ig h t tr u ck , under 1 V2 to n s , u su ally 4 w h e e ls) T r u c k d r iv e r , m ed iu m tru ck (stra igh t tr u ck , IV2 to 4 ton s in c lu s iv e , u su ally 6 w h e e ls) T r u c k d r iv e r , heavy tru ck (stra ig h t tr u ck , o v e r 4 to n s , u su ally 10 w h e e ls) T r u c k d r iv e r , t r a c t o r - t r a il e r Shippers ty p ic a lly are r e s p o n s ib le fo r m o s t o f the fo llow in g : V e r ify in g that o r d e r s are a ccu ra te ly fille d b y co m p a rin g item s and qu an tities o f g oods gath ered fo r shipm ent against d ocu m en ts; in su rin g that shipm ents a re p r o p e r ly packaged, id en tified w ith shipping in fo rm a tio n , and lo a d e d into tra n sp o rtin g v e h ic le s ; p rep a rin g and k eepin g r e c o r d s o f good s sh ipp ed, e .g ., m a n ife s ts , b ills o f lading. R e c e iv e r s ty p ic a lly are r e s p o n s ib le fo r m o s t o f the follow in g : V e r ify in g the c o r r e c t n e s s o f in com in g sh ipm ents by com p a rin g ite m s and qu an tities unloaded against b ills o f la d in g , in v o ic e s , m a n ife s ts , sto ra g e r e c e ip t s , o r other r e c o r d s ; ch eck in g fo r dam aged g o o d s ; in su rin g that good s are a p p rop ria tely id en tified fo r rou tin g to d epa rtm en ts w ithin the esta b lish m en t; p rep a rin g and keeping r e c o r d s o f good s r e c e iv e d . F o r w age study p u rp o s e s , w o r k e r s a re c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : Shipper R e c e iv e r Shipper and r e c e iv e r W AREHOUSEMAN A s d ir e c te d , p e r fo r m s a v a r ie ty o f w a reh ou sin g du ties w hich r e q u ire an understanding o f the e sta b lis h m e n t's sto ra g e p la n . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the follow in g: V e rify in g m a te r ia ls (or m e r c h a n d is e ) against r e c e iv in g d o cu m e n ts, noting and re p ortin g d is c r e p a n c ie s and ob v iou s d a m a g es; routing m a te r ia ls to p r e s c r ib e d stora g e lo c a t io n s ; s to r in g , sta ck in g , o r p a lle tizin g m a te r ia ls in a c c o rd a n c e w ith p r e s c r ib e d s to ra g e m e th o d s; r e a r ra n g in g and taking in ven tory o f sto re d m a te r ia ls ; ex am in in g s to r e d m a te r ia ls and r e p o r tin g d e te rio ra tio n and dam age; r e m o v in g m a te r ia l fr o m s to ra g e and p r e p a r in g it for shipm ent. M ay o p e r a te hand o r p ow er tr u ck s in p e r fo r m in g w a reh ou sin g duties. E xclude w o rk e rs w h ose p r im a r y du ties in v olv e shipping and r e ce iv in g w ork (see Shipper and R e c e iv e r and Shipping P a c k e r ), o r d e r fillin g (s e e O r d e r F ille r ), o r op eratin g p ow er tr u ck s (s e e P o w e r -T r u c k O p e ra to r ). O RD ER F IL L E R F ills shipping o r tr a n s fe r o r d e r s fo r fin ish e d g ood s fr o m s to r e d m e r c h a n d ise in a cco rd a n ce with s p e c ific a tio n s on sa le s s lip s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r other in stru ction s. M ay, in addition to fillin g o r d e r s and in d ica tin g item s fille d o r om itted , k eep r e c o r d s o f ou tgoing o r d e r s , r e q u is itio n ad dition a l stock o r re p o rt sh ort su p p lies to s u p e r v is o r , and p e r fo r m oth er r e la te d duties. S H IP P IN G P A C K E R G U A R D — C o n tin u ed P r e p a r e s fin ish e d p r o d u c ts fo r shipm ent or stora g e by p la cin g th em in shipping c o n t a in e r s , the s p e c ifi c op e ra tio n s p e r fo r m e d b ein g dependent upon the ty p e , s i z e , and n u m b er o f units to be pa ck ed , the ty p e o f con ta in er e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f sh ip m en t. W ork r e q u ir e s the p la cin g o f item s in sh ipp ing co n ta in e rs and m a y in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : K now ledge o f v a r io u s ite m s o f s to ck in o r d e r to v e r ify content; s e le c tio n o f a p p rop ria te type and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r; in s e r tin g e n c lo s u r e s in con ta in er; using e x c e ls io r o r oth er m a te r ia l to p re v e n t b rea k a g e o r dam age; c lo s in g and sea lin g c o n ta in e r; and applying la b e ls o r en terin g iden tifyin g data on con ta in er. P a c k e r s who a ls o m a k e w ood en b o x e s o r c ra te s are ex clu d ed . foot o r by m o to r v e h ic le , or e s c o r tin g p e r s o n s o r p r o p e rty . May be deputized to m ake a r r e s t s . M ay a lso h elp v is it o r s and cu s to m e r s by answ ering q u estion s and giving d ir e c tio n s . M A T E R IA L H AN DLIN G L A B O R E R A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a re h o u se , m anu factu ring plant, s t o r e , or oth e r esta b lis h m e n t w h ose du ties in volve one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : L oad in g and u nloadin g v a r io u s m a te r ia ls and m e rch a n d ise on o r fr o m fre ig h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r oth er tr a n s p o rtin g d e v ic e s ; unpacking, sh e lv in g , o r p la cin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r sto ra g e loca tion ; and tr a n sp o rtin g m a te r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e by han dtruck, c a r , o r w h e e lb a rro w . L o n g s h o re w o r k e r s , who lo a d and unload sh ip s , are e x clu d e d . P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R O p e ra te s a m a n u ally c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - or e le c t r ic -p o w e r e d tru ck o r t r a c t o r to tr a n s p o r t g ood s and m a te r ia ls o f a ll kinds about a w a r e h o u se , m a n u fa ctu rin g p la n t, o r oth er esta b lish m en t. F o r w ag e study p u r p o s e s , w o rk e r s are c la s s ifie d by type o f p o w e r tr u c k , as fo llo w s : F o r k lift o p e r a to r P o w e r -t r u c k o p e r a t o r (oth er than fo r k lift) G U AR D P r o t e c t s p r o p e r t y fr o m theft o r d a m age, o r p e r s o n s fr o m h aza rd s o r in t e r fe r e n c e . D uties in v o lv e se rv in g at a fix ed p ost, m aking roun ds on G uards em p lo y e d by esta b lish m en ts w hich p ro v id e p ro te ctiv e s e r v ic e s on a co n tra ct b a sis are in clu d ed in th is occu p a tion . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , guards are c la s s ifie d as follow s: C lass A . E n fo rc e s reg u la tion s d esig n ed to preven t b re a ch e s of s e c u r it y . E x e r c is e s judgm ent and u ses d is c r e tio n in dealing with e m e r g e n c ie s and s e c u r ity v io la tio n s en cou n tered . D eterm in es whether fir s t r e s p o n s e should be to in terven e d ir e c tly (asking fo r a s sista n c e when deem ed n e c e s s a r y and tim e a llo w s ), to k eep situ ation under su r v e illa n c e , or to r e p ort situ ation so that it can be handled by a p p rop ria te authority. Duties r e q u ir e s p e c ia liz e d train in g in m eth od s and tech n iq u es o f protectin g secu rity a r e a s . C om m on ly , the guard is r e q u ir e d to d em on stra te continuing p h y sica l fitn ess and p r o fic ie n c y w ith fir e a r m s or oth er s p e c ia l w eapon s. C la ss B . C a r r ie s out in stru ctio n s p r im a r ily orien ted t o w a r d in su rin g that e m e r g e n c ie s and se c u r ity v iola tion s are rea d ily d is c o v e r e d and r e p o r te d to a p p rop ria te au th ority. In terven es d ir e c tly only in situ ations w hich r e q u ire m in im a l action to sa feg u a rd p ro p e rty or p e rso n s. D uties re q u ire m in im a l tra in in g . C om m on ly , the guard is not req u ired to d em on stra te p h y s ic a l fitn e s s . M ay be a rm ed , but g en era lly is not r e q u ir e d to d em on stra te p r o fic ie n c y in the use o f fir e a r m s or sp e cia l w eapon s. JA N ITO R , P O R T E R , OR CLE A N E R Cleans and keeps in an o r d e r ly con d ition fa c to r y w orking areas and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m is e s o f an o f f i c e , apartm ent h ou se, o r c o m m e r c ia l or oth er esta b lish m en t. D uties in v o lv e a com b in a tion o f the fo llo w in g : Sw eeping, m op pin g o r sc r u b b in g , and p olish in g f lo o r s ; r e m o v in g ch ip s, tr a s h , and other r e fu s e ; dusting equ ipm en t, fu rn itu r e , o r fix tu r e s ; p olish in g m etal fix tu res or tr im m in g s ; p ro v id in g su pplies and m in o r m ain ten an ce s e r v ic e s ; and cleaning la v a to r ie s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e rs who s p e c ia liz e in window w ashin g are e x clu d e d . Service Contract Act Surveys The fo llo w in g a r e a s a r e s u r veyed p e r io d ic a lly fo r u se in a d m in iste rin g the S e r v ic e C o n tr a c t A c t of 1965. S u rvey r e s u lts a r e p u b lish ed in r e le a s e s w h ich a r e a v a ila ble, at no c o s t , w h ile su p p lies la st fr o m any o f the BLS r e g io n a l o ffic e s shown on the b a ck c o v e r . A laska (sta tew id e) Albany, Ga. A lbuquerque, N. M ex. A lexandria—L e e s v ille , La. Alpena— Standish— aw as C ity , M ich. T A.nn A r b o r , M ich . A s h e v ille , N .C. Augusta, Ga.— .C . S A.ustin, T ex. B a k e rs fie ld , C a lif. Baton R ouge, La. Battle C reek , M ich . B e a u m o n t-P o rt A rth u r— range O and Lake C h a r le s , T e x .—La. B iloxi— u lfp ort and P a s ca g o u la — G M oss P oin t, M iss . Bingham ton, N. Y. B irm in gh am , A la . B loom in gton — in cen n es, Ind. V B rem erton — elton, W ash. Sh B ru n sw ick , Ga. C eda r R apids, Iowa Cham paign— Urbana— antoul, 111. R C h a rle s to n -N o rth C h a r le s to n W a lte rb o ro , S.C . C h arlotte— aston ia, N .C. G C la r k s v ille -H o p k in s v ille , Tenn.^K y. C olum bia— u m ter, S.C . S C olum bu s, G a.— la. A C olum bu s, M is s . C on n ecticu t (sta tew id e) D eca tu r, 111. Des M oin es, Iow a Dothan, A la. Duluth— u p e r io r , M inn.— is. S W E l P a s o — la m o g o r d o —L as C r u c e s , A T e x .— M ex. N. Eugene— p rin g fie ld ^ M e d fo rd , O reg . S F a y e tte v ille , N .C. F o r t L au d erd ale— olly w ood H and W est P a lm B ea ch — B o c a Raton, F la. F o r t Sm ith, A r k .— Okla. F o r t W ayne, Ind. G adsden and A n n iston, A la. G o ld s b o r o , N .C. G rand Island— astin gs, N ebr. H Guam, T e r r it o r y o f H a r r isb u r g —Lebanon, Pa. K n ox v ille, Tenn. La C r o s s e — Sparta, W is. L a re d o , T ex . Las V eg as— onopah, Nev. T L exington — ay ette, Ky. F L im a, Ohio L ittle R ock — orth L ittle R ock , A rk . N L o ra in — ly r ia , Ohio E L o w e r E a ste rn S h ore, M d.—Va.— el. D M acon , Ga. M a dison , W is. M aine (sta tew id e) M a n sfield , Ohio M cA lle n — Phari^-Ed inburg and B r o w n s v ille — arlin gen — H San B en ito, T ex. M e rid ia n , M is s . M id d le s e x , M onm outh, and O cean C ou n ties, N.J. M o b ile — e n s a co la — an am a C ity, P P A la .— la . F M ontana (statew id e) N a sh v ille— av id son , Tenn. D New B ern —J a ck s o n v ille , N .C. New H am p sh ire (sta tew id e) N orth Dakota (statew id e) N orth ern New Y ork N orth w est T e x a s O rlan do, F la . O xnard— im i V a lley — entura, C a lif. S V P e o r ia , HI. P h oen ix, A r iz . P in e B luff, A rk . P u eb lo, C o lo . P u e rto R ic o R a leig h — urham , N.C. D R en o, Nev. R iv e r s id e — San B ern ardin o— O n tario, C alif. Salina, Kans. S alin as— easide— onterey, C alif. S M Sandusky, Ohio Santa B a rb a ra — Santa M aria— L o m p o c, C alif. Savannah, Ga. Selm a, A la. Sherm an— enison, Tex. D S h re v e p o rt, La. South D akota (statew ide) S ou th ea stern M assach u setts Southern Idaho Southw est V irgin ia Spokane, Wash. S p rin g field , 111. Stockton, C alif. T a co m a , Wash. Tam pa— St. P etersb u rg , Fla. T opeka, Kans. T u cs o n — ouglas, A r iz . D T u lsa , Okla. U pper Pen in su la, M ich. V a lle jo — a irfie ld — F Napa, C alif. V e rm o n t (statew ide) V irg in Islands o f the U.S. W a co and K illeen — em p le, T ex. T W a te rlo o — edar F a lls , Iowa C W est V irg in ia (statew ide) W estern and N orthern M a ssa ch u setts W ich ita F a lls—L aw ton-A ltu s, T e x .— Okla. Y akim a— ic hland— R Kenn e w ic k— P en d leton , Wash.— reg. O A L S O A V A IL A B L E — An annual r e p o r t on s a la r ie s fo r accou n ta n ts, au d itors, c h ie f a c c o u n t ants, a tto rn e y s, jo b a n a lysts, d i r e c to r s o f p e r so n n e l, b u y e rs , ch e m is ts , e n g in e e rs, en gin eerin g te ch n icia n s , d r a fte r s , a n d c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s is a v a ila b le . O rd e r as BLS B u lle tin 2004, N ational S u rvey o f P r o fe s s io n a l, A d m in istra tiv e , T e c h n ic a l and C l e r ic a l P ay, M a rch 1978, $ 2 .4 0 a cop y , fr o m any o f the BLS r e gion a l s a le s o ffic e s show n on the b a ck c o v e r , o r fr o m the S u p e rin tendent o f D ocu m en ts, U.S. G o v e r n m ent P rin tin g O ffice , W ashington, D .C . 20402. Area Wage Surveys A lis t o f the la te s t b u lle tin s a v a ila b le is p resen ted b elow . B u lletin s m a y be p u r c h a s e d f r o m any o f the BLS r e g io n a l o ffic e s show n on the b a ck c o v e r , o r f r o m the S u p erin ten d en t o f D ocu m en ts, U.S. G overn m en t P rin tin g O ffic e , W ash ington , D .C . 20402. M ake ch e ck s payable to Su perin ten dent o f D o cu m e n ts . A d ir e c t o r y o f o c cu p a tio n a l w age su rv ey s, c o v e r in g the y e a r s 1970 th rou gh 1977, is a v a ila b le on req u est. A rea A k ro n , O hio, D e c. 1978 _______________________________________ A lban y— ch e n e cta d y — r o y , N .Y ., Sept. 1978 1_______________ S T A n a h eim — Santa A n a^ G arden G ro v e , C a lif., O ct. 1 9 7 8 1 ____________________________________________ A tlan ta , G a ., M ay 1979________________________________________ B a ltim o r e , M d ., A u g. 1978 1 __________________________________ B illin g s , M on t., July 1 9 7 8 ____________________________________ B irm in g h a m , A la ., M a r. 1 9 7 8 ________________________________ B oston , M a s s ., Aug. 1 9 7 8 1____________________________________ B u ffa lo, N .Y ., O ct. 1 9 7 8 1_____________________________________ C anton, O hio, M ay 1 9 7 8 _______________________________________ C h attan ooga, T en n.— a ., Sept. 1978 1________________________ G C h ic a g o , 111., M ay 1979________________________________________ C in cin n a ti, O hio— y.—In d ., July 1979 1_______________________ K C le v e la n d , O hio, Sept. 1 9 7 8 ___________________________________ C o lu m b u s, O hio, O ct. 1 9 7 8 1 __________________________________ C o r p u s C h r is t i, T e x ., July 1979 1____________________________ D a ll a s - F o r t W orth , T e x ., O ct. 1978 1________________________ D a v en p ort— o c k Island— o lin e , Iowa— R M 111., F eb . 1979______ D ayton, O hio, D e c . 1978 ______________________________________ D ayton a B ea ch , F la ., A u g. 1978 _____________________________ D e n v e i^ B o u ld e r , C o lo ., D e c . 1 9 7 8 ___________________________ D e tr o it, M ich ., M a r. 1979 1 ___________________________________ F r e s n o , C a lif., June 1979____________________________________ G a in e s v ille , F la ., Sept. 1978 _________________________________ G ary — am m on d — a st C h ic a g o , Ind., O ct. 1979 1____________ H E G re e n B ay, W is ., July 1979___________________________________ G r e e n s b o r o — in sto n -S a le m — W High P oin t, N .C ., A ug. 1 9 7 8 _______________________________________________ G r e e n v ille — p artan bu rg, S .C ., June 1979 1__________________ S H a r tfo r d , C on n ., M a r. 1979___________________________________ H ou ston , T e x ., A p r . 1979_____________________________________ H u n tsv ille, A la ., F e b . 1979____________________________________ In d ia n a p olis, Ind., O ct. 1 9 7 8 1 ________________________________ J a ck s o n , M is s ., Jan. 1979 1___________________________________ J a c k s o n v ille , F la ., D e c . 1978 ________________________________ K an sas C ity , M o .-K a n s ., Sept. 1 9 7 8 _________________________ L o s A n g e le s —Long B ea ch , C a lif., O ct. 1 9 7 8 1 _______________ L o u is v ille , K y.—Ind., N ov. 1 9 7 8 ______________________________ M e m p h is, Ten n.— r k .— is s ., N ov. 1978 ____________________ A M B u lletin n um ber and p r ic e * 2 0 2 5 -6 3 , $ 1.00 20 2 5 -5 8 , $ 1 .2 0 2 0 2 5 -6 5 , $ 1 .3 0 2 0 5 0 -2 0 , $ 1 .3 0 2 0 2 5 -5 0 , $ 1 .5 0 2 0 25 -38, $ 1 .0 0 2 0 2 5 -1 5 , 80 cen ts 2 0 2 5 -4 3 , $ 1 .5 0 2 0 2 5 -7 1 , $ 1 .3 0 2 0 2 5 -2 2 , 70 cen ts 2 0 2 5 -5 1 , $ 1 .2 0 2 0 5 0 -2 1 , $ 1 .7 5 2 0 5 0 -2 8 , $ 2 .0 0 20 2 5 -4 9 , $ 1 .3 0 20 2 5 -5 9 , $ 1 .5 0 2 0 5 0 -3 3 , $ 1.75 20 2 5 -5 2 , $ 1 .5 0 2 0 5 0 -1 0 , $ 1 .0 0 20 2 5 -6 6 , $ 1 .0 0 20 2 5 -4 8 , $ 1 .0 0 20 2 5 -6 8 , $ 1 .2 0 2 0 5 0 -7 , $ 1 .5 0 20 5 0 -2 5 , $ 1 .5 0 20 2 5 -4 5 , $ 1 .0 0 (To be surveyed) 2 0 5 0 -3 1 , $ 1 .5 0 20 2 5 -4 6 , 2 0 5 0 -2 9 , 2 0 5 0 -1 2 , 2 0 5 0 -1 5 , 2 0 5 0 -3 , 2 0 2 5 -5 7 , 2 0 5 0 -9 , 2 0 2 5 -6 7 , 2 0 2 5 -5 3 , 2 0 2 5 -6 1 , 2 0 2 5 -6 9 , 2 0 2 5 -6 2 , $ 1 .0 0 $ 1.75 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 0 A rea M iam i, F la ., O ct. 1 9 7 8 1 _______________________________________ M ilw au kee, W is., A p r. 1979___________________________________ M in n ea p olis— St. Paul, M inn.—W is., Jan. 1979_______________ N assau— ffolk, N. Y ., June 1978 1____________________________ Su N ew ark, N .J ., Jan. 1979______________________________________ New O rlea n s, L a ., Jan. 1979 1_______________________________ New Y ork, N .Y .-N .J ., M ay 1979_____________________________ N orfolk —V irg in ia B each — ortsm ou th , Va.— P N .C ., M ay 1979 1 _____________________________________________ N orfolk —V irg in ia B ea ch — o rtsm o u th and P N ew p ort N ew s-H a m p ton , Va.—N .C ., M ay 1 9 7 8 ------------------N orth ea st P en n sylva n ia , Aug. 1979 -------------------------------------O klahom a C ity, O k la ., Aug. 19 7 8 _____________________________ Omaha, N eb r.—Iowa, Oct. 1 9 7 8 _______________________________ P a te rs o n — lifton — a s s a ic , N .J., June 1979_____________ ,___ C P P h ila d elp h ia , P a .-N .J ., Nov. 1978 ___________________________ P ittsb u rg h , P a ., Jan. 1979 1 __________________________________ P ortla n d , M aine, D ec. 1978 1 _________________________________ P ortla n d , O reg .—W ash., M ay 1979 ___________________________ P ou g h k eep sie, N. Y ., June 1979_______________________________ P ou g h k eep sie— ingston— ew burgh, N .Y ., June 1979_______ K N ' P r o v id e n c e — arw ick— aw tucket, R .I.— W P M a s s ., June 19 7 8 _____________________________________________ R ich m on d , V a ., June 1979____________________________________ St. L ou is, M o.—111., M ar. 1979 1 _____________________________ S a cra m en to, C a lif., D ec. 1978 ______________________________ _ Saginaw, M ich ., Nov. 1978 ____________________________________ Salt Lake C ity -O g d e n , Utah, Nov. 1 9 7 8 1 ____________________ San A n ton io, T e x ., M ay 1979__________________________________ San D iego, C a lif., Nov. 19 7 8 __________________________________ San F r a n c is c o — Oakland, C a lif., M ar. 1979__________________ San J ose, C a lif., M ar. 1979___________________________________ Seattle— v erett, W ash., D ec. 19 7 8 ___________________________ E South Bend, Ind., Aug. 19 7 8 ___________________________________ T o le d o , Ohio— ich ., M ay 1979_______________________________ M T ren ton , N .J., Sept. 1978 1 ____________________________________ U tic a -R o m e , N .Y ., July 19 7 8 _________________________________ W ashington, D .C .— d.—V a ., M ar. 1979______________________ M W ich ita, K a n s., A p r. 1979____________________________________ W o r c e s te r , M a s s ., A p r. 19 7 9 ________________________________ Y ork , P a ., F eb. 19 7 9 __________________________________________ B ulletin num ber and p r ic e * 20 25 -60, 20 50 -8, 20 50 -1, 2025-33, 20 50 -5, 20 50 -2, 2 0 5 0 -3 0 , $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 0 $1 .30 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1.30 $ 1.30 $ 1 .7 5 20 50 -22, $ 1 .7 5 20 25 -21, 2 0 5 0 -3 2 , 2 0 25 -40, 20 25 -56, 20 50 -26, 20 25 -54, 20 50 -11, 20 25 -70, 20 5 0 -2 7 , 20 5 0 -3 4 , 2 0 5 0 -3 5 , 80 cents $ 1.75 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 0 $1 .5 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .7 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .5 0 20 25 -27, 20 50 -24, 20 50 -13, 20 25 -75, 20 25 -64, 20 25 -72, 20 50 -17, 2 0 25 -73, 20 50 -14, 20 50 -19, 20 25 -74, 20 25 -44, 20 50 -16, 20 25-55, 20 25-34, 2 0 50 -4, 20 50 -18, 20 50 -23, 20 5 0 -6 , $ 1 .4 0 $ 1.50 $1 .50 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1.00 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .1 0 $1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .0 0 Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change. Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Postage and Fees Paid LLS. Department of Labor U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Third Class Mail Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 Lab-441 Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices Region I Region II Region lit Region IV 1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass 02203 Phone 223-6761 (Area Code 617) Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N Y. 10036 Phone 399-5406 (Area Code 212) 3535 Market Street, P O Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa 19101 Phone: 596-1154 (AreaCode215) Suite 540 1371 Peachtree St., N.E. 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