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L~ j l5 7 5 ~ -?y N e w England. John F . Kennedy F e d e ra l Building G overn m en t C enter R oom 1603-B B oston, M a s s . 02203 T e l . : 223-6762 M id-Atlantic 341 Ninth A v e. New Y ork , N. Y. 10001 T e l . : 971-5405 Southern 1371 P e a ch tre e St. , NE. Atlanta, G a. 30309 T e l . : 526-5418 North Central 219 South D earborn St. C h ica g o , 111. 60604 T e l . : 353-7230 P a cific 450 G olden G ate A v e. Box 36017 San F r a n c is c o , C a lif. 94102 T e l . : 556-4678 M ountain-Plains F e d e ra l O ffic e Building T h ird F lo o r 911 W alnut St. K ansas C ity, M o . 64106 T e l . : 374-2481 Area Wage Survey The Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Area January 1968 Bulletin No. 1575-44 M ay 1968 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, W ashington, D .C., 2 0 4 0 2 - Price 30 cents Preface Contents P age T h e B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics p r o g r a m o f annual o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s is d e s ig n e d to p r o v id e data on o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s, and e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s . It y ie ld s d e ta ile d data b y s e le c t e d in d u stry d iv is io n fo r e a ch o f the a r e a s stu d ie d , f o r g e o g r a p h ic r e g io n s , and f o r the U n ited S ta tes. A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the p r o g r a m is the n e e d f o r g r e a t e r in sig h t in to (1) the m o v em en t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t io n a l c a t e g o r y and s k ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c tu r e and le v e l o f w a g e s am on g a r e a s and in d u stry d iv is io n s . A t the end o f e a c h s u r v e y , an in d iv id u al a re a b u l le tin p r e s e n t s s u r v e y r e s u lts fo r ea ch a r e a studied. A fte r c o m p le t io n o f a ll o f th e in d iv id u a l a r e a b u lletin s fo r a rou n d o f s u r v e y s , a t w o -p a r t su m m a ry b u lletin is is s u e d . T he f i r s t p a rt b r in g s data fo r each o f the m e tro p o lita n a r e a s stu d ied in to on e b u lle tin . T h e s e c o n d p a rt p r e s e n ts in fo r m a t io n w h ich h as b e e n p r o je c t e d fr o m in dividu al m e t r o p o lita n a r e a data to r e la t e to g e o g r a p h ic r e g io n s and the U n ited S ta tes. E ig h t y -s ix a r e a s c u r r e n tly a r e in clu d ed in the p r o g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , in fo r m a tio n on o ccu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s is c o lle c t e d an n ually and on e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v is io n s b ie n n ia lly . T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n t s r e s u lts o f the su rv e y in P itts b u r g h , P a. , in Ja n u a ry 1968. The Standard M e t r o p o lita n S ta t is t ic a l A r e a , a s d efin ed by the B u reau o f the B u d g et th rou g h A p r il 1967, c o n s is t s o f A lleg h en y , B e a v e r , W a sh in gton , and W e s tm o r e la n d C ou n ties. T h is study w as c o n d u c te d in the B u reau *s r e g io n a l o ffic e in New Y ork , N. Y. , H e r b e r t B ie n s to c k , D ir e c t o r . The study w as under the g e n e r a l D ir e c t io n o f F r e d e r ic k W. M u e lle r , A s sis ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r o f O p e ra tio n s. I n t r o d u c t io n ______________________________________________________________________ W age tren d s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s ___________________________ 1 3 T a b le s : 1. 2. A. E sta b lish m en ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber s t u d ie d ______________________ In d exes o f sta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s , and p e r c e n ts o f change fo r s e le c t e d p e r i o d s _________________________ O ccu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s: * A - l . O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s —m en and w o m e n -----------------------------------A - 2. P r o fe s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s — m en and w o m e n ________________________________________________ A - 3 . O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s — m en and w om en c o m b i n e d ________________________________ A - 4 . M a in ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a t io n s ____________________ A - 5 . C u stod ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s _____________ A p p en d ix. O ccu p a tio n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s _______________________________________ * N O TE : S im ila r ta b u la tion s oth er a r e a s . (S ee in sid e b a c k c o v e r .) are a v a ila b le fo r A c u r r e n t r e p o r t on ea rn in g s in the P ittsb u rg h a r e a is a ls o a v a ila b le f o r s e le c t e d fo o d s e r v ic e o ccu p a tio n s (Ja n u ary 1968). Union s c a le s , in d ic a tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a r e a v a ila b le fo r b u ild in g c o n s tr u c tio n ; prin tin g; lo c a l- t r a n s it op e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s ; and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s , h e lp e r s , and a llie d o c cu p a tio n s . 2 3 5 9 9 11 12 14 Area Wage Survey The Pittsburgh, Pa., Metropolitan Area Introduction O ccu p a tion a l em p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a r e shown fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th ose h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch edu le in the g iv en o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in g s data ex clu d e p r e m iu m pa y fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts. N on p rod u ction b o n u se s a re e x clu d e d , but c o s t - o f - li v i n g a llo w a n ce s and in cen tiv e ea rn in g s a re in clu d ed . W h ere w e e k ly h ou rs are r e p o r t e d , as fo r o ffic e c le r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the stand a rd w o rk w e e k (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf h our) fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th eir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e of pay fo r o v e r tim e at re g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly earn in g s fo r th ese o c cu p a tio n s have b e e n rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r . T h is a r e a is 1 o f 86 in w h ich the U.S. D ep artm en t o f L a b o r 's B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s con d u cts su r v e y s o f occu p a tion a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d b e n e fits on an a rea w id e b a s is . T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n ts c u r re n t o ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t and ea rn in g s in fo r m a tio n ob ta in ed la r g e ly b y m a il fr o m the e sta b lis h m e n ts v is it e d b y B u rea u fie ld e c o n o m is t s in the la st p r e v io u s su r v e y fo r o c cu p a tio n s r e p o r t e d in that e a r lie r study. P e r s o n a l v is it s w e r e m ade to n on resp on d en ts and to th ose resp on d en ts re p o rtin g unusual ch a n ges sin c e the p r e v io u s s u r v e y . In e a c h a r e a , data a r e obtained fr o m r e p re s e n ta tiv e e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u fa ctu rin g; t r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n ce , and r e a l esta te; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese studies are g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a tion s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u strie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d num ber of w o r k e r s a re om itted b e c a u s e th ey tend to fu rn is h in s u ffic ie n t em p loym en t in the o c cu p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r ra n t in c lu s io n . S e p a ra te tabu lation s a re p r o v id e d fo r ea ch of the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia . The a v e r a g e s p r e s e n te d r e f le c t c o m p o s ite , a rea w id e e s t i m a te s . In d u stries and e sta b lis h m e n ts d iffe r in pay le v e l and jo b staffin g and, thus, con trib u te d iffe r e n t ly to the e s tim a te s fo r each jo b . The pay r e la tio n s h ip obtain a ble fr o m the a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e fle c t a c c u r a t e ly the w age sp re a d or d iffe r e n tia l m a in ta in ed am ong jo b s in in dividu al e s ta b lis h m e n ts . S im ila r ly , d iffe r e n c e s in a v e r a g e pay le v e ls fo r m en and w o m e n in any o f the s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s should not be a s su m e d to r e f le c t d iffe r e n c e s in pa y trea tm en t o f the se x e s w ithin in dividu al e s ta b lis h m e n ts . O ther p o s s ib le fa c t o r s w h ich m a y c o n t r ib ute to d iffe r e n c e s in pay fo r m en and w o m e n in clu d e: D iffe r e n c e s in p r o g r e s s io n w ith in e s ta b lis h e d ra te r a n g e s , s in c e on ly the actu al ra tes paid in cu m b en ts a r e c o lle c t e d ; and d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific duties p e r fo r m e d , although the w o r k e r s a re c la s s ifi e d a p p r o p r ia te ly w ithin the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n . Job d e s c r ip t io n s u se d in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s a re u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in div idu al e s ta b lis h m e n ts and a llow fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e sta b lis h m e n ts in the s p e c ific du ties p e r fo r m e d . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sam ple b a s is b e c a u s e of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rvey in g all e sta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain op tim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g re a te r p r o p o r t io n of la r g e than o f s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is studied. In com b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e given th eir a p p rop ria te w eigh t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts studied a re p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as re la tin g to a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the in du stry g rou p in g and a r e a , e x c e p t fo r th ose b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e studied. O ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in all e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e of the study and not the num ber a c tu a lly su r v e y e d . B e c a u s e of d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l stru ctu re am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o c cu p a tio n a l em p loy m en t o b ta in ed fr o m the sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in dicate the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied. T h e se d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tion a l s tru c tu re do not a ffe c t m a te r ia lly the a c c u r a c y of the e a r n in gs data. O ccu p a tio n s and E a rn in g s The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a re com m on to a v a r ie ty of m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a re o f the f o llo w ing ty p e s : ( l ) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3) m a in ten an ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (4) c u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t. O c cu p a tion al c la s s ifi c a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t of in te re sta b lish m e n t v a r ia tio n in du ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in the ap p en d ix. The ea rn in g s data follow in g the jo b title s a re fo r a ll in d u s tr ie s c o m b in e d . E a rn in gs data fo r som e of the o c cu p a tio n s lis te d and d e s c r ib e d , or f o r so m e in d u stry d iv is io n s w ith in o c c u p a tio n s , a re not p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b les b e c a u se e ith e r ( l ) e m p lo y m en t in the o c cu p a tio n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it p r e s e n ta tio n , o r (2) th e re is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u al e s ta b lis h m e n t data. E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s T a b u la tion s on s e le c t e d e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) a r e not p r e s e n te d in this b u lletin . In form a tion fo r th ese ta bu la tion s is c o lle c t e d b ien n ia lly . T h e se tabu la tion s on m in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r in e x p e rie n c e d w o m e n o ffic e w o r k e r s ; sh ift d iffe r e n t ia ls ; s ch e d u le d w e e k ly h ou rs; paid h o lid a y s ; pa id v a c a tio n s ; and h ealth , in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n plans are p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b les) in p r e v io u s b u lle tin s fo r this a rea . 1 2 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and W o r k e r s W ithin S co p e o f S u rve y and N um ber Studied in P ittsb u rg h , P a . , 1 b y M a jo r In d u stry D iv is io n , 2 Jan uary 1968 M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b lis h m e n ts in s c o p e o f study In d u stry d iv is io n N u m ber o f e sta b lis h m e n ts W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ithin s c o p e o f study 4 W ithin s c o p e o f study 3 Studied Studied N u m ber P ercen t A ll d i v i s i o n s ________________________________ - 804 215 406, 500 100 244, 960 M a n u fa c t u r in g _____________________________________ N on m a n u fa ctu rin g T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s 5 _____________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e ______________________ ______ R e ta il tr a d e __ __ __ _______________________ F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te _______ S e r v ic e s 67 100 326 478 78 137 254, 600 151, 900 63 37 150, 390 94, 570 100 50 100 50 50 54 124 78 88 134 24 25 28 25 35 _ 42, 15, 51, 19, 22, 900 200 700 400 700 10 4 13 5 5 32, 3, 35, 13, 9, 670 960 110 310 520 1 T h e P itts b u r g h Standard M e tro p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d by the B u rea u o f the Budget through A p r il 1967, c o n s is t s o f A lle g h e n y , B e a v e r , W ash in gton , and W e s tm o r e la n d C o u n tie s . T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y " e s tim a te s show n in this ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s tim a te s a r e not in ten ded, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d v a n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ie d , and (2) s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1967 e d itio n o f the S tandard I n d u s tria l C la s s ific a t io n M anual w a s u s e d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by in d u s tr y d iv is io n . 3 In c lu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s t r ie s a s tr a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 In clu d e s a ll w o r k e r s in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t (w ithin the area) at o r a b ove the m in im u m lim it a t io n . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r t r a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e e x c lu d e d . P itts b u r g h 's lo c a l and suburban t r a n s it o p e r a t io n s a r e m u n ic ip a lly ow n ed and a r e e x c lu d e d by d e fin itio n fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 6 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s . S ep a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n o f data f o r this d iv is io n is not m ade f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m ploym en t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the s a m p le w a s not d e s ig n e d in tita lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) re s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r in ad equ ate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t data. 7 H o te ls and m o t e ls ; la u n d r ie s and o th e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir , ren tal, and p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s (e x c lu d in g r e lig io u s and c h a r ita b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ); and en g in e e rin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . A b ou t t w o -t h ir d s o f the w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in the P ittsb u rg h a r e a w e r e e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g f ir m s . The fo llo w in g table p r e s e n t s the m a jo r in d u stry g r o u p s and s p e c i fi c in d u s tr ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa ctu rin g: In du stry g r o u p s P r im a r y m e ta l i n d u s t r ie s ------------ 49 E l e c t r ic a l equ ip m en t and s u p p l i e s ---------------------------------------- 13 F a b r ic a t e d m e ta l p r o d u c t s ---------8 M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l -----7 Stone, c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------------7 F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts — — — 5 S p e c ific in d u s tr ie s B la s t fu rn a n ce s and b a s ic s t e e l p r o d u c ts -------------------------- 43 E l e c t r ic te st and d istrib u tin g e q u ip m e n t------- ------- ------ ■■■■ 9 F a b r ic a t e d s tru ctu ra l m e ta l p r o d u c t s --------- 1 4 G la s s , and g la s s w a r e , p r e s s e d o r b l o w n ---------- — ...— - ' ■■ 3 Iro n and s te e l f o u n d r i e s ----------3 M eta lw o rk in g m a c h in e r y ---------3 T h is in fo r m a t io n is b a s e d on e s t im a t e s o f to ta l e m p lo y m e n t d e r iv e d fr o m u n iv e r s e m a t e r ia ls c o m p ile d p r i o r to a c tu a l s u r v e y . P r o p o r t io n s in v a r io u s in d u stry d iv is io n s m a y d iffe r f r o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d on the r e s u lt s o f the s u r v e y a s shown in table 1 a b o v e . 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n t e d in ta b le 2 a r e in d e x e s and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change in a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o f o f f ic e c le r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s . The in d e x e s a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g iven tim e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f w a g e s d u rin g the b a s e p e r io d (date o f the a rea s u r v e y co n d u cte d b etw een Ju ly I960 and June 1961). S u btractin g 100 fr o m the in d ex y ie ld s the p e r c e n ta g e ch a n g e in w a g e s fr o m the b a s e p e r io d to the date o f the in d e x . T h e p e r c e n ta g e s o f change o r in c r e a s e r e la te to w a g e ch a n g es b e tw e e n th e in d ica te d d a tes. T h e se e s tim a te s a r e m e a s u r e s o f ch a n g e in a v e r a g e s fo r the a r e a ; they a r e not in ten d ed to m e a s u r e a v e r a g e pa y ch a n g es in the e sta b lis h m e n ts in the a r e a . M eth od o f C om pu tin g in the o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p . T h e s e con sta n t w eig h ts r e f le c t b a s e y e a r e m p lo y m e n ts w h e r e v e r p o s s ib le . The a v e r a g e (m ea n ) ea rn in g s fo r ea ch o c c u p a tio n w e r e m u ltip lie d b y the o c cu p a tio n a l w eigh t, and the p r o d u c ts f o r a ll o c cu p a tio n s in the g rou p w e r e to ta le d . T he a g g re g a te s f o r 2 c o n s e c u tiv e y e a r s w e r e r e la te d b y div id in g the a g g re g a te fo r the la t e r y e a r b y the a g g re g a te fo r the e a r lie r y e a r . The resu lta n t r e la t iv e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t, sh ow s the p e r c e n ta g e ch a n g e. The in d ex is the p r o d u c t o f m u ltip ly in g the b a s e y e a r r e la t iv e (100) b y the r e la tiv e f o r the n ext s u c c e e d in g y e a r and continu in g to m u ltip ly (com pou n d) ea ch y e a r 's r e la t iv e b y the p r e v io u s y e a r ’ s in d ex . A v e r a g e e a rn in g s f o r the fo llo w in g o c cu p a tio n s w e r e u se d in com p u tin g the w age tre n d s: E a ch o f the s e le c t e d k ey o c cu p a tio n s w ithin an o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p w as a s s ig n e d a w e ig h t b a se d on its p r o p o rtio n a te em p lo y m e n t O ffice clerical (men and women): Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B Clerks, accounting, classes A and B Clerks, file, classes A, B, and C Clerks, order Clerks, payroll Comptometer operators Keypunch operators, classes A and B O ffice boys and girls Table 2. O ffice clerical (men and women)— Continued Secretaries Stenographers, general Stenographers, senior Switchboard operators, classes A and B Tabulating-machine operators, class B Typists, classes A and B Unskilled plant (men): Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling Industrial nurses (men and women): Nurses, industrial (registered) Indexes o f standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Pittsburgh, P a ., January 1968 and January 1967, and percents o f change1 for selected periods Indexes /January 1961 = 100) Percents o f change1 January 1967 January 1967 to January 1968 January 1966 to January 1967 A ll industries: O ffice clerical (men and w o m e n )--------------------Industrial nurses (men and w o m en )------------------Skilled maintenance (men) ---------------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )--------------------------------------- 118.4 120.7 117.7 121.8 114.3 115.3 113.8 117.1 3 .6 4. 7 3 .4 4 .0 3.1 4 .5 1.9 3 .8 2 .9 1.8 6 .3 3 .5 Manufacturing: Office clerica l (m en and w o m en )--------------------Industrial nurses (men and w o m e n )------------------Skilled maintenance (men) ---------------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )--------------------------------------- 113.6 120.2 116.6 119.7 110.7 115.3 112.7 116.5 2 .6 4 .3 3 .5 2. 7 3 .4 3 .5 1 .7 2 .4 1.9 2 .7 6 .5 4 .3 1 A ll changes are increases unless otherwise indicated. January 1963 to January 1964 January 1962 to January 1963 January 1961 to January 1962 December 1959 to January 1961 2. 1 1.4 1.3 1.4 1. 1 .9 .2 1.6 1.4 2 .4 .7 2.3 2. 9 3 .4 2. 9 3.3 4 .4 2. 5 4. 2 3.1 —. 5 1 .4 .7 1.1 .6 .5 -. 1 .7 1.8 2 .4 .5 3 .4 3 .1 3. 9 3. 0 3. 6 5.6 2 .0 3. 8 4. 0 January 1965 January 1964 to to January 1966 January 1965 January 1968 Industry and occupational group Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists Mechanics Mechanics (automotive) Painters Pipefitters Tool and die makers 4 F o r office c le r i c a l w o r k e r s and industrial n u r s e s , the wage trends relate to reg ular weekly s a la r i e s for the n o r m a l workw eek, ex c lu sive of earnings for o v e r t im e . F o r plant w orker grou ps, they m e a s u r e changes in ave rage s t r a i g h t -t i m e hourly ea r n in g s , excluding p r e m iu m pay for o vertim e and for work on week en ds, h olidays, and late shifts. The p ercen ta ges are based on data for s elec ted key o cc u pations and include m o s t of the n u m e r ic a lly important jobs within each group. Lim itations Changes in the labor force can cause i n c r e a s e s or d e c r e a s e s in the occupational a verages without actual wage changes. It is conceiv able that even though all esta blis h m en ts in an a re a gave wage i n c r e a s e s , average wages m ay have declined b ec a u s e lo w e r - p a y i n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s entered the area or expanded their w ork f o r c e s . S i m i l a r l y , w ages m ay have rem ained rela tiv ely constant, yet the a v e r a g e s for an a re a m a y have ris en con siderably b ec au s e h ig h e r-p a y in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s entered the area. of Data The indexes and pe rc e n ta ge s of change, as m e a s u r e s of change in a re a a v e r a g e s , are influenced by: (l) gen eral s a la r y and wage changes, (Z) m e r i t or other in c r e a s e s in pay r e c e i v e d by indi vidual w o r k e r s while in the sa m e jo b, and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor fo rce resulting f r o m labor turn over, fo r c e expansi ons, fo r c e reductions, and changes in the p r o p o r tions of w o r k e r s em plo yed by esta blish m en ts with different pay le v e l s . The use of constant em p lo y m e n t weights elim in a te s the effe ct of changes in the proportion of w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n te d in ea ch job in cluded in the data. The pe rc e n ta ge s of change r e f le c t only changes in average pay for st ra ig h t -t im e h o u r s . T h ey are not influenced by changes in standard work s c h e d u le s , as such, or by p r e m i u m pay for over tim e . Where n e c e s s a r y , data w e r e adjusted to r e m o v e f r o m the indexes and percenta ge s of change any significant ef fe ct cause d by changes in the scope of the s u r vey . 5 A. Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r s elected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division , Pittsburgh, P a ., January 1968) Weekly earnings1 (standard) Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers ' Average weekly hours1 (standard) MEN Num ber o f w o rk e rs re ceivin g straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings of— % 50 M ean2 M edian 2 M iddle range 2 and under 55 $ $ % 55 60 $ % 65 70 S 75 140 $ 150 130 140 150 160 170 - - - - 1 1 - 1 1 - 7 3 4 - 1 1 - 5 3 2 - 11 6 5 - 10 1 9 3 15 14 1 - 20 9 11 7 66 51 15 4 140 103 37 7 12 131 96 35 16 16 53 45 8 1 6 21 9 12 10 1 7 2 5 1 1 1 1 - 2 2 - 9 8 1 ~ 7 3 4 ~ 6 3 3 " 5 3 2 - 15 15 - 25 20 5 1 42 19 23 ~ 18 15 3 3 39 35 4 3 66 41 25 23 54 36 18 16 27 8 19 19 2 2 - _ ~ - _ _ _ 3 3 3 3 16 16 3 3 3 3 9 3 7 4 17 13 18 15 63 63 14 14 _ _ _ - - - - 3 3 2 2 3 3 9 9 5 5 18 18 - 3 3 3 3 16 9 7 20 19 1 70 60 10 24 18 6 3 3 - 3 3 _ - - 18 20 4 6 - - 19 - - - - - 11 9 2 1 6 4 2 1 19 14 5 2 2 4 - - _ 11 - _ _ 2 - 4 1 - - - 11 11 - - - 2 1 1 2 10 12 7 8 3 _ - - - - _ ~ CLERKS* ORDER -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 156 140 4 0 .0 1 2 2 .0 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 - 1 3 7 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 2 3 .0 0 1 3 2 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 - 1 3 7 .5 0 _ _ _ CLERKS, PAYROLL -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 190 139 51 4 0 .0 1 2 3 .0 0 1 3 1 .0 0 1 0 6 .0 0 - 1 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 1 2 5 .5 0 1 3 1 .5 0 1 1 8 .0 0 - 1 3 7 .0 0 3 ^ .5 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 7 .0 0 9 6 . 0 0 - 1 3 9 .0 0 _ - 4 0 .0 1 0 4 .5 0 9 9 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 - 1 2 4 .0 0 - - - - - 1 1 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 7 3 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 6 4 . 5 0 - 8 3 .5 0 6 6 . 5 0 - 8 5 .5 0 6 2 . 5 0 - 7 9 .5 0 7 2 .0 0 - 1 3 1 .0 0 5 5 17 17 40 19 21 4 41 23 18 30 12 18 14 35 12 23 3 17 13 4 - _ - - - 7 7 3 9 .5 1 3 2 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 1 8 .5 0 - 1 4 3 .5 0 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS* TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS* CLASS B ---------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING------------------- ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 174 113 61 3 9 .5 1 0 7 .0 0 1 0 7 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 0 8 .0 0 1 1 1 .0 0 3 9 .0 1 0 4 .0 0 1 0 2 .5 0 9 4 .0 0 - 1 1 7 .5 0 9 7 .0 0 - 1 1 8 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 - 1 1 7 .0 0 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS C ---------------------------------------------------- 66 3 8 .5 9 5 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 140 69 71 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 8 8 .0 0 8 6 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 8 3 .5 0 8 5 .5 0 8 0 .5 0 _ _ - “ “ 8 3 .0 0 - 1 1 1 .0 0 - 1 7 7 . 5 0 - 9 2 .0 0 8 1 .5 0 - 9 0 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 - 1 0 7 .5 0 . — _ - and 120 _ 4 0 .0 1 3 0 .5 0 1 2 8 .0 0 1 1 9 .5 0 - 1 3 9 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 3 0 .5 0 1 2 9 .5 0 1 1 9 .5 0 - 1 3 8 .0 0 180 115 1 0 6 .0 0 - 1 3 0 .5 0 1 0 5 .0 0 - 1 2 9 .0 0 1 0 7 .5 0 - 1 3 5 .5 0 1 2 5 .0 0 - 1 4 4 .5 0 185 154 170 110 1 1 9 .0 0 1 1 7 .5 0 1 2 3 .5 0 1 3 2 .0 0 MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ -— % % 160 105 1 1 7 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 1 2 0 .5 0 1 3 2 .5 0 51 $ $ 130 100 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 SECRETARIES ---------------------------------------------- $ 120 95 318 209 109 65 7 6 .5 0 7 7 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 $ 115 90 CLERKS* ACCOUNTING* CLASS B -------------MANUFACTURING-----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES3-------------------------- 69 i 110 85 $ $ 1 2 8 .0 0 - 1 4 6 .5 0 1 2 9 .5 0 - 1 4 7 .0 0 1 2 4 .0 0 - 1 4 4 .5 0 1 4 1 .0 0 - 1 6 2 .5 0 1 2 3 .5 0 - 1 4 4 .5 0 238 106 132 37 $ 105 80 1 3 8 .0 0 1 3 8 .5 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 4 .5 0 1 3 9 .5 0 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A -------------- S 100 75 $ 1 3 6 .0 0 1 3 7 .0 0 1 3 4 .0 0 1 4 9 .5 0 1 3 6 .0 0 OFFICE BOYS ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIE S3-------------------------- $ 95 70 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 - S 90 65 490 344 146 36 50 - 85 60 CLERKS*. ACCOUNTING* CLASS A -------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES 3— ------------ --------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------- - t $ 80 _ - 180 over 1 1 1 _ - 1 1 _ - - 3 - 2 _ 7 5 6 6 2 - 5 3 38 34 48 36 43 42 30 22 6 6 _ 2 1 1 3 2 1 _ “ _ “ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ - - 2 2 2 2 9 4 5 13 9 4 22 11 11 15 11 4 20 14 6 10 4 6 24 20 4 27 21 6 15 13 2 10 3 7 6 2 14 6 3 10 5 2 5 12 - - 13 13 18 10 8 36 22 14 24 21 3 5 3 2 6 6 ~ 7 7 ~ 2 _ 1 _ 15 2 “ 1 ~ 15 5 1 _ 1 1 4 2 “ -T WOMEN BILLERS* MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE)----------------- --------------------------- ----MANUFACTURING — -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ . — BILLERS* MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 93 77 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 8 3 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 8 1 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 - 8 9 .0 0 7 4 . 5 0 - 8 5 .0 0 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS# CLASS A --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- -- 101 58 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 9 7 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 9 4 .5 0 9 0 .5 0 - 1 0 5 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 - 1 0 4 .5 0 _ _ — ~ 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 6 8 .0 0 - _ BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS* MANUFACTURING----------------------------------- * NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------FINANCE-------------------------------------------S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le , 272 120 152 51 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 3 5 .5 8 1 .5 0 8 6 .0 0 7 8 .5 0 7 3 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 8 3 . OB 7 6 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 9 5 .5 0 8 6 .5 0 7 9 .0 0 2 2 ~ - ~ - 2 2 2 7 7 4 13 13 2 2 18 17 15 13 29 25 6 5 11 10 2 1 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 10 10 7 3 31 13 2 2 21 12 24 24 12 70 29 41 18 39 23 16 4 34 15 19 5 25 5 20 2 24 16 8 4 33 22 11 7 3 4 10 5 3 3 - 1 1 1 1 _ ‘ " 9 4 _ 3 3 _ - 1 1 _ - " _ - - " 6 T a b le A -l. O ffic e O c c u p a t io n s —M e n and W o m e n — C o n tin u e d (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d i v is i o n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , J anuary 1968) W eekly earnings1 (standard) Sex, occupation, and industry division Number o f w ork ers receiving straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings of— $ Average weekly hours1 ( standard) $ 50 55 $ 60 $ 65 $ $ 70 $ 75 $ 80 $ 85 $ 90 $ 95 $ 100 $ 105 $ 110 115 120 $ 130 $ 140 $ 150 $ 160 * 170 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 ov er 2 1 11 10 - - 1 11 7 4 10 10 17 5 12 7 - 26 - 2 - _ - 23 3 20 7 3 22 6 16 7 8 50 42 8 7 41 27 14 4 3 37 25 12 8 1 53 28 25 - 46 37 9 4 2 14 11 3 1 4 2 2 - 3 3 1 2 53 5 48 3 35 8 49 8 41 3 10 9 121 38 83 11 60 12 111 36 75 18 41 13 121 20 101 11 56 16 86 26 60 4 44 8 58 31 27 67 48 19 12 5 2 41 13 28 10 6 5 29 13 16 3 6 3 67 55 12 8 2 - 39 25 14 22 10 12 6 - 9 1 8 19 8 65 30 35 10 15 10 10 2 5 1 4 3 13 12 13 9 4 4 8 3 15 15 7 6 33 17 16 12 43 30 13 5 13 6 7 1 18 11 7 2 2 4 1 3 2 2 - - - 6 1 5 * $ 180 and under M iddle range 2 55 WOMEN - CONTINUED $ $ $ 1 2 3 .5 0 1 1 2 .5 0 1 1 ? .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 1 7 .0 0 1 0 9 .0 0 1 3 1 .5 0 9 1 .5 0 1 1 9 .5 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 0 1 .5 0 1 0 1 .0 0 9 9 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 9 4 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 - 1 0 6 .5 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE------------------- -------------- 360 186 174 51 59 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B ------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE — ----------------- -----RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------FINANCE4-------------------------------------------- 968 359 609 96 315 110 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A MANUFACTURING -------- 101 70 3 9 .5 9 9 .5 0 1 0 1 . 0 0 4 0 .0 1 0 0 .5 0 1 0 1 .5 0 8 3 .0 0 8 9 .0 0 - CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B ------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------FINANCE4 ------------------------------------------- 301 134 167 96 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 7 7 .5 0 8 1 .0 0 7 4 .5 0 7 1 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 7 2 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 6 7 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 6 4 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 - 8 2 .5 0 7 7 .5 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C m anufacturing -------NONMANUFACTURING FINANCE4 ---------------- 433 73 360 162 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 68.00 7 7 .5 0 6 6.00 6 1 . DO65. 0 06 0 .5 0 6 0 .5 0 - 7 2 .0 0 9 6 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 7 1 .5 0 8 9 .0 0 9 7 .0 0 84 . 50 8 8 .5 0 8 3 .0 0 7 9 .5 0 66 .00 66.00 CLERKS, ORDER ----------MANUFACTURING ----NONMANUFACTURING WHOLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE — 292 68 224 157 8 9 . 50 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 1 0 8 .0 0 3 9 .5 8 4 .0 0 9 0 .5 0 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 8 1 .5 0 CLERKS f- PAYROLL--------MANUFACTURING ------NONMANUFACTURING PUBLIC UTILITIES RETAIL TRAOE ------ 438 263 175 31 85 3 9 .5 1 0 2 .5 0 4 0 .0 1 0 3 .0 0 3 8 .5 101.00 3 9 .5 1 2 2 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 3 8 .5 COMPTOMETER OPERATORS ------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------- 297 98 199 53 117 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3------------------------FINANCE4------------------------------------------- 652 420 232 93 58 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 7 .5 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3------------------------WHOLESALE TRAOE --------------------------FINANCE4 ------------------------------------------- 784 382 402 63 82 140 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le, 66 9 5 .5 0 9 0 .0 0 9 8 .0 0 9 0 .5 0 9 9 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 9 7 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 8 1 .0 0 7 9 .0 0 7 3 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 6 6 .0 0 8 4 .5 0 9 9 .0 0 7 9 .5 0 9 5 .0 0 7 9 .0 0 - 7 4 . 5 0 - 1 0 2 .5 0 4 8 1 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 4 7 2 . 0 0 - 9 4 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 7 3 . 0 0 - 8 9 .0 0 6 7 . 0 0 - 9 1 .0 0 4 I 7 7 .5 0 9 2 .0 0 7 7 .0 0 7 9 .0 0 7 6 .5 0 - - 24 3 - 12 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 6 .5 0 3 3 8 6 .0 0 88.00 16 - 16 16 9 6 .5 0 1 2 9 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 9 8 .0 0 8 3 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 1 1 7 .0 0 1 0 1 .5 0 1 0 1 .5 0 9 5 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 1 0 1 .5 0 8 2 . 0 0 - 1 1 8 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 1 2 .5 0 - 1 3 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 - 1 1 5 .5 0 9 1 .5 0 9 0 .0 0 8 8 .5 0 9 5 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 8 9 .0 0 24 00 00 50 50 00 50 82,.00 95,.50 78..00 79,.00 78..00 79..00 43 17 26 10 51 21 30 27 31 16 15 10 72 3 69 22 109 15 94 33 102 14 88 44 65 9 56 24 25 7 13 18 13 12 10 1 26 6 17 - 1 - 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 — 1 - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 1 - 3 3 15 11 4 99 7 91 33 2 31 31 2 14 12 2 - 5 11 2 9 8 35 16 19 10 21 3 18 11 16 6 10 8 37 25 12 11 65 56 9 2 4 44 37 7 1 2 19 14 5 3 47 4 43 41 49 32 17 4 12 15 5 10 4 6 37 18 19 17 2 11 6 5 4 1 17 2 15 - 12 12 8 3 5 5 5 11 3 8 1 43 30 13 2 50 19 31 11 57 25 32 6 18 103 70 33 6 9 92 68 24 12 9 63 15 48 5 11 13 71 31 40 6 167 27 140 20 48 38 103 31 72 9 11 24 71 26 45 1 12 30 56 37 19 12 60 57 3 1 4 2 2 - - 13 13 8 3 1 8 1 8 - 5 37 21 16 4 - 7 - 5 - 3 10 10 - 15 - 16 99 2 - - _ - - - - - - - 2 2 - 6 - 5 3 - - 3 - - 8 10 8 2 6 8 2 8 - - - - - — - - 25 9 16 16 3 - - _ 1 - - 1 6 6 55 11 44 31 8 2 .0 0 - 1 0 8 .0 0 8 1 . 0 0 - 9 7 .5 0 8 2 .5 0 - 1 1 7 .0 0 7 3 .5 0 - 1 0 0 .0 0 8 2 .5 0 - 1 1 8 .0 0 75..5 0 - 96..00 80..5 0 - 102,.00 73.,5 0 - 83..50 75..0 0 - 91..00 76.,0 0 - 81..50 73..0 0 - 85..50 3 - 3 3 - 9 0 .0 0 1 0 3 .5 0 9 7 .0 0 9 8 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 1 0 3 .5 0 9 7 .5 0 9 9 .5 0 8 5 . 0 0 - 1 0 5 .0 0 9 6 .5 0 9 4 .0 0 1 0 9 .5 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 - 1 1 9 .0 0 8 7 .5 0 88.00 8 3 . 0 0 - 9 4 .0 0 85 . 92. 78. 81. 77. 77. 1 - - 32 16 16 16 - 37 9 28 28 - 10 6 4 2 2 2 - 2 2 - 1 1 1 31 18 13 4 3 30 18 12 2 3 44 22 22 7 13 12 8 2 6 2 17 3 14 8 6 20 20 6 172 143 29 17 2 51 42 9 4 1 12 11 1 1 - 34 3 31 31 - 22 6 16 16 - 118 112 6 5 6 4 2 3 3 12 12 - - 4 2 2 - - 6 2 37 25 12 3 2 40 23 17 12 3 - - 6 _ - - - - - - - - - - 4 - - - - 10 10 10 12 2 10 10 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 - - - - - - — - 6 - - - - - - - - - - _ 7 T a b le A -l. O ffic e O c c u p a t io n s — M en and W o m e n — C o n tin u e d (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s an d e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a ry 1968) Weekly earnings1 (standard) Number Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision workers Average weekly hours1 standard) WOMEN - CONTINUED 55 60 65 N um ber o f w o rk e rs re ceivin g straight -tim e w eekly earnings of— $ $ $ $ S i S S $ % * $ S $ $ $ 75 85 70 80 95 90 100 105 140 150 160 170 180 130 120 110 115 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 lio _ 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 - 10 3 7 - 50 14 36 12 61 5 56 49 61 19 42 4 21 15 6 15 13 2 2 6 5 1 3 3 - 3 1 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 _ _ - 1 1 - - - - - 1 0 1 .5 0 - 1 2 7 .0 0 1 0 2 .5 0 - 1 2 6 .5 0 9 8 . 0 0 - 1 2 7 .0 0 1 1 2 .0 0 - 1 3 9 .5 0 1 0 6 .5 0 - 1 2 7 .0 0 9 5 .5 0 - 1 2 6 .5 0 8 9 . 0 0 - 1 1 6 .5 0 _ - - 3 3 3 37 29 8 4 52 28 24 2 8 58 37 21 1 16 155 78 77 10 4 59 149 67 82 19 6 46 197 90 107 7 11 17 51 226 122 104 15 3 15 52 351 235 116 19 9 9 62 312 146 166 44 34 6 40 365 268 97 34 10 10 27 517 379 138 31 37 20 29 684 386 298 105 55 15 60 321 196 125 63 26 3 28 229 152 77 47 2 2 12 91 56 35 22 2 3 62 31 31 19 4 - 34 11 23 7 1 15 - 18 4 14 10 1 - - _ “ _ “ - - - - _ ~ 1 1 - 8 3 5 4 1 3 _ - 11 9 2 63 27 36 35 29 6 24 22 2 13 11 2 13 6 7 16 1 15 7 7 - _ “ 4 4 3 34 27 7 6 1 21 4 17 11 “ 30 13 17 4 8 24 9 15 8 61 49 12 5 56 33 23 3 15 5 11 7 4 2 68 26 42 2 7 7 128 53 75 16 19 19 90 34 56 27 11 17 97 61 36 24 4 45 27 18 15 2 1 39 19 20 10 4 “ 13 5 8 6 l “ 11 4 7 5 1 - $ 50 Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 $ $ and under S $ - and 180 over OFFICE GIRLS -------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------FINANCE4-------------------------------------------- 233 80 153 67 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 7 .5 $ 7 1 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 6 8 .5 0 6 7 .0 0 $ 6 9 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 6 8 .0 0 6 7 .0 0 SECRETARIES5--------- ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PU8LIC U TILITIES3 -------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------------FINANCE4-------------------------------------------- 3 ,8 6 1 2 ,3 1 5 1, 546 433 214 125 500 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 1 1 4 .5 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 1 4 .0 0 1 2 6 .5 0 1 1 6 .5 0 1 1 4 .0 0 1 0 2 .5 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 3 .5 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 1 8 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 1 0 1 .0 0 SECRETARIES* CLASS A -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 195 110 85 3 9 .0 1 3 7 .0 0 1 3 2 .5 0 1 2 2 .5 0 - 1 5 0 .5 0 3 9 .5 1 3 5 .0 0 1 3 4 .5 0 1 2 4 .5 0 - 1 4 3 .5 0 3 8 .5 1 4 0 .0 0 1 2 7 .0 0 1 2 2 .0 0 - 1 7 0 .5 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS B -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3 -------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------FINANCE4 -------------------------------------------- 732 371 361 114 75 80 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 7 .0 1 2 4 .5 0 1 2 4 .0 0 1 2 5 .5 0 1 4 1 .5 0 1 1 9 .0 0 1 1 5 .5 0 1 2 4 .0 0 1 2 2 .5 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 4 1 .0 0 1 2 0 .5 0 1 2 0 .5 0 1 0 6 .0 0 - 1 4 3 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 - 1 4 5 .5 0 1 0 9 .0 0 - 1 4 0 .0 0 1 3 0 .5 0 - 1 5 6 .0 0 1 0 6 .5 0 - 1 3 0 .5 0 1 0 0 .0 0 - 1 3 1 .0 0 _ - _ - _ - SECRETARIES, CLASS C -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3 -------------------------WHOLESALE TRAOE ---------------------------FINANCE-------------------------------------------- 1 ,2 6 1 637 624 145 100 168 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 6 .5 1 1 3 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 1 1 2 .0 0 1 2 6 .5 0 1 1 3 .5 0 1 0 3 .5 0 1 1 4 .5 0 1 1 6 .0 0 1 1 2 .5 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 1 0 1 .5 0 - 1 2 6 .5 0 1 0 2 .0 0 - 1 2 8 .0 0 1 0 1 .0 0 - 1 2 5 .0 0 1 1 8 .0 0 - 1 3 7 .0 0 1 0 6 .5 0 - 1 1 9 .5 0 9 2 .5 0 - 1 1 4 .5 0 - - - 12 6 6 4 37 18 19 7 7 4 3 2 22 11 11 5 43 18 25 8 15 76 28 48 4 7 18 92 56 36 2 3 10 91 52 39 1 2 28 156 62 94 7 19 21 111 49 62 11 10 18 139 67 72 20 30 11 262 133 129 45 7 24 115 65 50 27 12 5 65 44 21 19 2 ~ 20 13 7 7 - 8 6 2 2 - 5 5 - _ - SECRETARIES, CLASS D -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES3 -------------------------FINANCE4 -------------------------------------------- 1 ,2 3 2 774 458 161 230 3 9 .5 1 0 6 .5 0 4 0 .0 1 0 9 .5 0 3 8 .5 1 0 1 .5 0 3 9 .5 1 1 2 .5 0 3 7 .5 9 5 .0 0 1 0 8 .5 0 9 4 .0 0 - 1 1 9 .0 0 1 1 2 .0 0 9 9 .0 0 - 1 2 1 .5 0 1 0 1 .0 0 8 9 . 0 0 - 1 1 3 .5 0 1 1 2 .0 0 1 0 5 .5 0 - 1 2 3 .5 0 8 4 .0 0 - 1 0 2 .5 0 9 3 .5 0 _ - _ - 3 3 3 21 19 2 - 7 2 5 1 39 25 14 11 95 36 59 4 53 77 37 40 31 83 41 42 3 25 93 40 53 13 34 133 73 60 18 29 96 50 46 34 11 150 159 31 23 7 106 84 22 9 9 193 135 58 44 6 64 51 13 9 4 27 17 10 4 6 5 5 - - _ “ _ - STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL ----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3-------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------FINANCE4-------------------------------------------- 1 ,9 1 6 909 1 ,0 0 7 344 115 361 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 7 .5 8 8 .5 0 9 3 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 9 3 .5 0 8 2 .0 0 8 1 .0 0 7 9 . 0 0 - 9 9 .5 0 8 4 .0 0 - 1 0 3 .5 0 7 6 . 5 0 - 9 4 .0 0 8 4 .5 0 - 1 0 3 .0 0 6 9 . 5 0 - 8 9 .0 0 7 4 . 5 0 - 8 7 .0 0 - 10 10 4 44 15 29 15 8 103 35 68 15 21 175 63 112 8 12 67 177 53 124 44 69 253 76 177 40 36 79 281 139 142 37 12 52 222 111 111 61 8 21 189 112 77 40 17 19 188 111 77 47 35 22 13 12 135 114 21 12 45 29 16 16 52 29 23 22 7 7 5 - - - - - 12 1 8 ” - “ “ - - STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR -------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3-------------------------- 1, 119 747 372 108 3 9 .5 9 9 .0 0 9 9 .5 0 4 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 0 9 8 .5 0 3 8 .5 9 8 .5 0 1 0 0 .5 0 3 9 .0 1 0 2 .0 0 1 0 2 .5 0 9 1 .5 0 - 1 0 8 .5 0 9 2 .5 0 - 1 0 8 .5 0 8 7 .5 0 - 1 0 9 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 - 1 1 0 .5 0 _ - 3 3 1 1 - 23 16 7 24 6 18 “ 21 9 12 3 54 29 25 7 114 59 55 10 154 126 28 8 205 176 29 8 179 97 82 38 87 63 24 7 132 104 28 8 40 27 13 10 69 26 43 5 13 9 4 4 _ - - _ “ _ - - SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A ------manufacturing -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------- --------— -------PUBLIC UTILITIES3 -------------------------- 220 129 91 37 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 1 0 2 .0 0 1 0 2 .0 0 1 0 1 .5 0 1 0 6 .5 0 1 0 2 .5 0 1 0 3 .5 0 1 0 1 .5 0 1 0 7 .5 0 9 3 .0 0 - 1 1 1 .5 0 9 5 .0 0 - 1 1 1 .5 0 9 0 . 0 0 - 1 1 1 .5 0 9 6 . 0 0 - 1 1 7 .0 0 _ - _ - _ - _ - 3 3 - 2 2 - 18 6 12 23 15 8 5 15 10 5 4 35 21 14 3 30 16 14 4 31 19 12 6 33 30 3 1 23 6 17 13 4 3 1 l 2 2 1 1 “ _ - _ - _ ~ _ - SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3-------------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------------- 235 205 38 68 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 8 5 .5 0 8 2 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 8 3 .0 0 1 0 1 .0 0 1 1 1 .0 0 7 6 .5 0 7 6 .0 0 7 4 . 5 0 - 9 6 .0 0 7 4 . 0 0 - 8 7 .0 0 8 4 .5 0 - 1 1 4 .0 0 7 2 . 0 0 - 8 2 .5 0 _ - 1 1 “ 9 9 6 5 4 ~ 49 49 6 25 23 23 11 63 63 4 18 17 15 7 8 7 2 1 9 6 2 6 1 - 5 4 2 32 17 17 7 5 4 1 1 1 - - - _ - _ - - S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le , 8 9 .5 0 9 3 .5 0 8 6 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 1 .5 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 6 8 .0 0 6 4 .5 0 6 5 .5 0 - $ 7 4 .5 0 8 2 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 6 9 .0 0 - - - 8 T a b le A -l. O ffic e O c c u p a t io n s —M en and W o m e n — C o n tin u e d (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s » ,iu e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie a on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan u a ry 1968) W eekly earnings1 (standard) Sex, occupation, and industry division mber of rkers Average weekly hours1 (standard) $ 50 M ean 1 23 4 5 Median 2 M iddle range 2 55 60 $ 65 Number o f w ork ers receiving s traigh t-tim e w eekly earnings of — 1 % $ $ $ $ $ % $ $ $ 105 110 80 70 75 85 115 120 90 130 95 100 140 t t * $ 150 160 $ 170 and under 55 WOMEN - $ $ $ 180 and 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 - 17 10 7 “ 14 9 5 3 58 20 38 12 45 31 14 11 44 13 31 7 39 17 22 11 23 5 18 11 41 24 17 7 20 13 7 41 24 17 13 14 12 2 2 2 2 20 20 10 10 11 11 14 11 . “ 5 1 120 130 140 150 2 2 2 160 170 180 o v e r CONTINUED SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS MANUFACTURING ----------- ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE -------------------------- 362 179 183 77 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 $ 8 7 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 8 6 .5 0 8 8 .0 0 $ 8 5 .5 0 8 7 .0 0 8 4 .5 0 8 7 .5 0 $ $ 7 5 .0 0 - 9 9 .0 0 7 6 . 0 0 - 1 0 2 .5 0 7 4 .5 0 - 9 5 .5 0 7 7 . DO- 9 7 .5 0 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 101 71 3 9 .0 1 0 0 .0 0 9 4 .0 0 3 9 .0 9 7 .0 0 9 0 .5 0 8 5 . 0 0 - 1 1 7 .5 0 8 3 .0 0 - 9 8 .5 0 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS C -------------------------------------------------nonmanufacturing ---------------------------- 70 68 3 7 .5 3 7 .5 8 1 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 7 8 .5 0 7 8 .5 0 7 2 .5 0 - 9 2 .5 0 7 2 . 5 0 - 9 2 .0 0 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS, GENERAL -------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------FINANCE4------------------------------------------ 189 52 137 63 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 8 0 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 7 5 .5 0 ? 7 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 7 3 .0 0 7 3 .5 0 6 8 . 5 0 - 9 3 .0 0 8 4 .0 0 - 1 0 2 .5 0 6 6 . 0 0 - 8 1 .5 0 7 0 .5 0 - 7 9 .5 0 TYPISTS, CLASS A ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES3 -----------------------FINANCE4------------------------------------------ 530 290 240 78 119 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 6 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 9 6 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 4 .5 0 8 7 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 9 3 .0 0 7 7 .0 0 TYPISTS* CLASS B ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES3-----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE -------------------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------------------FINANCE4------------------------------------------ , 195 399 796 56 184 69 345 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 7 9 .0 0 8 5 .5 0 7 5 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 7 4 .0 0 7 7 .5 0 8 4 .0 0 7 4 .0 0 8 4 .0 0 7 9 .0 0 7 6 .0 0 7 2 .0 0 1 - 1 “ _ _ _ “ _ - - 2 24 3 12 10 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ ” ~ " “ ~ 2 2 4 4 16 16 13 13 2 2 3 3 20 20 1 1 4 2 1 1 25 10 15 5 36 17 15 3 12 - 20 18 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 9 17 11 6 5 4 4 36 28 6 2 4 4 1 - 17 4 13 3 _ - - - 1 - - - - - - - 52 19 33 83 64 19 6 13 50 28 22 15 7 86 65 21 10 11 56 26 30 13 7 31 25 6 2 4 10 5 5 3 2 3 3 - 8 2 6 6 - _ _ _ - 7 2 5 3 2 8 8 8 27 77 50 27 3 21 152 22 130 4 14 7 79 199 87 112 13 17 16 38 140 33 107 9 57 1 28 147 69 78 3 25 2 44 40 20 20 5 11 60 24 36 3 6 12 5 60 57 3 1 16 16 5 5 _ - - - - 19 3 16 14 - 2 - - 2 - 6 25 - - - 6 - 25 7 7 6 .5 0 - 9 4 .5 0 8 0 .0 0 - 9 4 .5 0 7 0 . 5 0 - 9 5 .0 0 8 5 .5 0 - 1 0 7 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 - 8 8 .0 0 _ - _ - 8 8 - - - 6 8 . 5 0 - 8 7 .0 0 7 6 . GO- 9 6 .0 0 6 6 . 5 0 - 8 3 .0 0 7 7 . 5 0 - 1 1 2 .5 0 6 6 . 5 0 - 8 4 .0 0 6 4 .0 0 - 9 5 .5 0 6 7 . 0 0 - 8 1 .0 0 2 84 95 21 74 4 10 21 33 1 - - 2 84 - _ ~ - 4 4 - - 3 3 1 l - - 29 - - 2 13 51 1 50 9 24 172 42 130 - 26 4 90 - - - _ - - - - ~ - ~ - - - 4 _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - 4 - - - - - 4 - - - - 1 Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s (exclusive of pay fo r overtim e at regular a n d /o r prem iu m ra tes), and the earnings c o r r e spond to these w eekly h ours. 2 The m ean is com puted fo r each job by totaling the earnings o f all w ork ers and dividing by the num ber o f w o rk e rs. The median designates p osition — half of the em ployees su rveyed r e c e iv e m ore than the rate shown; half r e c e iv e le s s than the rate shown. The m iddle range is defined by 2 rates o f pay; a fourth o f the w ork ers earn le s s than the low er o f these rates and a fourth earn m ore than the higher rate. 3 T ran sp ortation, com m u nication, and other public u tilities. 4 F inan ce, in su ran ce, and real estate. 5 M ay include w o rk e rs other than those presen ted separately. 9 T a b le A -2. P r o fe s s io n a l and T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a t io n s —M en and W o m e n (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area ba sis by industry d ivision , Pittsburgh, Pa. , January 1968) Weekly earnings1 (standard) Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number Average weekly of hours1 workers (standard) Number o f w o rk e rs re ceivin g straigh t-tim e: w eekly earnings of— S Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 i► ii I• 1i :» ii ii ii $ ii $ $ $ $ $ $ % $ $ 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 over - - - - “ ~ Under % and 80 HEN DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A -------------------------------MANur ACTURING NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 1 ,0 5 5 860 195 $ 4 0 .0 1 7 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 8 0 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 5 4 .0 0 $ 1 7 4 .0 0 1 8 1 .0 0 1 6 2 .0 0 $ $ 1 5 8 .5 0 - 1 8 9 .5 0 1 6 1 .5 0 - 1 9 6 .0 0 1 3 8 .5 0 - 1 7 1 .0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B -------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 3-------------------------- 1 ,2 0 1 865 336 67 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 9 .5 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 5 6 .5 0 1 4 4 .0 0 1 4 7 .5 0 1 3 3 .5 0 1 5 4 .0 0 1 3 2 .0 0 - 1 6 2 .0 0 1 3 6 .5 0 - 1 6 5 .5 0 1 2 1 .5 0 - 1 5 1 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 - 1 7 2 .5 0 - 1 1 - 2 2 “ 17 6 11 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -------------------------------manufacturing -----------------------------------NQNMANUF ACTURINC----------- --------— — ■ PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 3-------------------------- 716 4 0 .0 526 4 0 .0 190" —3 9 .5 44 3 9 .0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 1 9 .5 0 1 0 2 .0 0 1 1 0 .5 0 1 1 4 .0 0 1 0 1 .5 0 - 1 3 0 .0 0 1 1 8 .5 0 1 0 5 .5 0 - 1 3 4 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 8 8 .5 0 - 1 1 3 .0 0 1 0 7 .5 0 1 0 0 .5 0 - 1 2 3 .5 0 15 15 24 4 20 24 6 18 4 DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS — — ----------------------— MANUFACTURING ----------------------— WOMEN 197 149 9 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 0 8 8 .5 0 —1 0 8 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 - 1 1 0 .5 0 8 10 10 NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) ----MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 297 265 4 0 .0 1 2 2 .0 0 1 2 4 .0 0 1 1 2 .5 0 - 1 3 2 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 2 2 .0 0 1 2 4 .0 0 1 1 2 .5 0 - 1 3 2 .0 0 - 9 5 .0 0 9 7 .5 0 - l 7 3 8 10 2 7 3 6 10 2 34 9 25 55 36 19 158 148 10 208 149 59 119 75 44 193 186 7 94 93 1 57 56 1 96 96 1 10 10 “ 5 5 “ 16 2 14 - 26 12 14 17 14 3 ~ 68 43 25 1 40 12 28 2 61 34 27 8 209 147 62 8 252 198 54 12 153 124 29 6 129 88 41 13 147 142 5 2 42 36 6 6 6 6 - 10 1 9 9 ~ ~ 45 40 5 2 45 33 12 4 78 44 34 10 84 59 25 5 54 31 23 3 76 70 6 49 36 13 8 46 34 12 3 103 100 3 3 43 40 3 1 27 26 1 1 3 3 - - - - - - - 47 30 35 23 23 22 15 14 15 12 17 11 15 15 10 10 2 2 - - 4 4 9 8 34 32 49 41 25 23 34 31 32 24 90 88 13 9 3 1 2 2 1 1 - - - “ “ 1 1 - ~ 1 Standard hou rs r e fle c t the w ork w eek fo r which em ployees re ce ive their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s (exclu sive spond to th ese w eekly h ou rs . 2 F o r defin ition o f te r m s , see footnote 2, table A - l . 3 T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public utilities. o f pay fo r o vertim e at regular a n d /o r prem iu m rates), and the earnings c o r r e Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry division , Pittsburgh, P a . , January 1968) Average O ccupation and industry d iv isio n Number of workers Average Weekly Weekly hours l earnings 1 (standard) (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING u ip u t ur \ . . . . . _ n A b n lN t 1 UAhlilCAATTIlD MAIMUr L 1 UK lINLIT b NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------IIQo lL Il rt U IITYI TTTCC rOU ( 1L I 1 1t o 2 —. — — — — ———— BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING u tArLun H H l N id C1 — ———————————————————————— kinkiUAAinr A<*riin .— . .—— N L H in A IN U rA l 1UK t1l i b — ——— ————— — S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le , O ccupation and industry division OFFICE OCCUPATIONS $ 151 76 77 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 88* 00 9 0 .5 0 * 220 Number of workers Weekly hours 1 (standard) W eekly earnings 1 (standard) BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS* CLASS B --------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------FINANCE3------------------------------------------- Number of worker, Weekly hours 1 (standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED CONTINUED BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------- Average O ccupation and industry d ivision 105 62 288 120 168 52 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 3 5 .5 $ 9 7 .5 0 9 6 .0 0 8 2 .5 0 8 6 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 7 3 .5 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING--------------- -------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES2------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------FINANCE3------------------------------------- ----- 850 530 320 47 101 73 58 3 9 .5 4 3 3 3 3 3 0 8 8 9 8 6 .0 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 $ 1 2 6 .0 0 1 3 1 .0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 0 1 8 5 8 5 6 .0 .0 .5 .0 .5 0 0 0 0 0 10 T a b le A -3 . O ffic e , P r o fe s s io n a l, and T e c h n ic a l O c c u p a t io n s —M e n and W o m e n C o m b in e d — C o n tin u e d (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Pittsburgh, P a ,, January 1968) Average Number of workers O ccupation and industry d ivision OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Average O ccupation and industry d ivision $ a b t K b 1 AK1 t o KL1 AlL 1 KAUC K t 1A IL FINANCE 3 4— -------------------------------- — 3 9 .5 1 0 2 .5 0 4 0 . 0 1 0 1 .0 0 320 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .0 3 7 .5 7 8 .0 0 8 1 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 NONMANUFACTURING ----------- — c t iu u r c 3 r INAPiLC r tro v e n o nJc VLtIMNJf VJiM Uor\ i ut\ i n o MnUllAKtl 1CAt A fT1IUK1 l D t niu Mf* NUNRAIMUr ______ WHOLESALE TRADE --------nr.TAfi mUec K t 1A l l . Tn 1K A ———— ULCIMVO f* r M» nULL UAMllC ArTIID nAINU* Al# 1UK T 1 kir lib ainkiy A aN MlU1rCATTl IDT Aif* ———— —————— NUNn A t UK 1NG nnm ? r iitti ? r r r r ............... rU ol 11 U l l L I I l t S — INC1HI L 1INHLIC 1 2 ■■ — COMPTOMETER OPERATORS — MANUFACTURING ----------------- — NONMANUFACTURING ——**»— WHOLESALE TRADE --------- — RETAIL TRADE --------------- 473 100 373 167 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 448 208 40 0 1 0 1 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 1 8 .0 0 39* 5 3 9 .5 402 226 40*0 111 00 3 9 .0 1 0 4 .5 0 304 102 202 53 119 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------nftnurwi# i vis i nu NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES ------------------------r ------- ------------------- 721 473 248 109 58 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 7 .5 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B --------- — nANUrAt 1UKini, — ----- -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- --— ni|Q| » U IlfTl t I CC PUBLIL T ILII1l t b ^_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ WHOLESALE TRADE ------------- ------------..tkii fc* ,* r~ 3 - i n A m c --------------- --------- 766 384 402 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 2 1 1 OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLS— ----------------------MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING — — — — — — mini t #• U iitti i t f cc PUBLIC T IL I l I c o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ — FINANCE ----------------— ---------------- — -------- -- — 3 2 7 7 .5 0 6 6 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 80 158 : 3 8 .5 82 140 471 186 285 80 89 3 9 .5 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 39*0 37*5 1 HAUL SECRETARIES, CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING p u b l ic n m iu r H U i u i u h m 3f 912 o IC O 4t 3dJ It 559 440 217 125 500 8100 114 173 97 ——————— *-n 33*. m """ 40*0 37 ^ n M iiu r of workers Weekly hours 1 (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - C0NTINUE0 CONTINUED 568 Average Number Weekly Weekly hours 1 eamings 1 [standard) (standard) 9 4 .0 0 8 2 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 9 5 .5 0 9 0 .0 0 9 8 .5 0 9 0 .5 0 9 9 .5 0 9 8 .0 0 9 7 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 112.00 8 7 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 7 8 .5 0 8 1 .5 0 7 7 .0 0 7 7 .5 0 7 3 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 72 • 00 8 1 .5 0 6 9 .5 0 r -------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- u t il it ie s 2----------------------------------1 1 liAINLC — C C rD C T1A DTCC oCLKfc AKlCOf tr li AACC oo tC u iiiiir irTiinv ur n A M U r A L IU K IN o —— u n u u ami ir i r r 11 n t air N liN n A N U r A t 1 UK1 N o PUBLIC UTILITIES2 ------------------------t a Anc 1K A U t — ...... rern e rA D tcp r iir e n D C t K t l A K l C b f t LA o o U u a m iic A m i n T t i r n A ltU r A L 1 U K IN u “ MHKJII A K | 11C h r T 1 ] D flN MP NUNnANUrAo IU *^ o m ia i f r u r n t t y c r 2 r U O L i t U 1 I L 1 1 I Co C K|A a Mr c3 r f1N N tC — 1 CTckinpoinucoc pcaicdai j IC INUVj K Ar n Ci'D oCNtKAL —l'1'* * * * * * MAMilPATTlIP IW^ ^ . n_ . . . nAlsUrAL 1UKlnu NONMANUFACTURING — — — — — PUBLIC UTILITIES ------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------FINANCE ------------------------------------------- 2 3 STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ------------------------MANUFACTURING----------- —--------—--------- -NONMANUFACTURING —- ------------------------DtIRI TP IITTI rUDLll# U l l L IT l l iT CFt o ‘ __ __ ___________ SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A ------MANUFACTURING ———— MOMII AM! iCALIU AfTllDT Mr _—_ _—_ _ _ _ _ _—_ _ _ _—_ _ NUNnANU* KI No DIIRI C U IITTI PUBLIL llLT i lTl fCPC o 1 (fe <P 1 1 5 .0 0 1 1 5 .5 0 1 1 4 .0 0 1 2 7 .0 0 1 1 7 .5 0 1 1 4 .0 0 1 0 2 .5 0 203 c: lt ii d 88 IQ f\ 137 . 50 i v *u 39*5 1i i3 s5 * 5sn 0 1 4 0 .0 0 739 377 362 115 19 0c 80 An 39*0 1U) C 3«00 40*0 I 2 4 • 00 38 125 .5 0 3 9 .0 1 4 1 .5 0 in9 * 5c 3 1 1 5 .5 0 ————. — ——— u u m c r ai c W H U L tS A L t rr tI N MiAaNi#-t trt 3 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 Weekly eamings 1 (standard) [5 37.0 4 0 .0 630 148 1 Al 1U 3 168 fn * n K 1 0 3 .5s0! 36. 5 1 ,2 4 9 788 ■tv k 4 0 .0 33. 230 3 r . c5 1 ,9 2 6 911 1, 015 350 115 361 1,121 748 373 109 220 129 91 37 5 1i i0o1*.5oo0 BOB 3'». 5 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 7 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 39.0 ^Q*n SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ------MAMMAKIl ICAt ATTI IDTNb klT _— NUIsnAnUr 1UK1 DIIRI I f IITTI rU D Lit Ul I I IITICC 1 ICo ftPTkii n anr K t 1AIu r1KAUC 235 205 38 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 A 4 0 .0 SWITCHBOARD OPERATCR-RECEPTIONISTSII AMI ICA ATt Tl IO1TNo MP nANUi 1 UK NQNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------u um c Anc WnUL t ejAi lt cc t|dKAUt 373 179 194 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 68 J’ J k * s n 112 50 1 2 7 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 Number of workers O ccupation and industry division 0.0 101.00 7 6 .0 0 8 7 .5 0 8 8 .5 0 86.00 8 7 .5 0 , $ 1 2 9 .0 0 l1£ O t CA dU 221 190 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 275 143 132 50 3 9 . 5 104* 50 4 0 . 0 1 0 9 .5 0 9 8 .5 0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 1 0 1 .0 0 136 105 50 3 8 .0 37. 5 3 7 .5 a*r * cn o dU 8 3 .5 0 8 6 . 00 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS* GENERAL — — ——— — — — — — — — UAkiiiPAPTiint kin n A N U rA L T U K IN G ————— ————————————— NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------r 1 NANLt — — — —— —————— ——— —— 192 55 137 63 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 8 0 . 50 9 2 .5 0 7 5 .5 0 7 7 .0 0 T w n ifT f r i irr * I Y F I S T 5 * L L A S S A ———————— —————————— UAkinr ArTiiAYkir ..—————— ..... KAN U r ALT UK I NG — ———————— —— NONMANUFACTURING--------- --------------—— mini * /* mt t i » T t r r 2 P U B L IL U T I L I T I E S — —— — — — r t kiAkir i- 3 — .. — . — ...——————————————— — r 1 NANLt — 559 313 246 82 1 1a 119 39 •5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 8 7 .5 0 8 9 . 50 8 5 .0 0 97 •50 8 0 . 00 rvn r err n ar r o .... _ I Y P I S I S * L L A S S B ——— — — ——— ii &knir AL A r mUKi o t rib kir* fJAWUr *jnkiuamiic ArmnTkir N U N n A N U rA L T U K i NG — — ——————— ——— nuoi i r iiTf i i t i c p 2 ———— —————— P U B L I L U l I L I 1 I t S —— WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------n ct « rn Arc K b T A I L T K A U t —— — — —— — MAMr C3______-______ _________ rC It NANLt — ——— —— —._— —— — —_ _—_ _ — 1 ,2 1 8 T A Hill ATT AG ir—M -U AArLuHTIN MC 1A oULA 1 1N c —— flDCD ATDDC U rcK A lU K o y CLASS B —— —— — — ———— — —— —— —— UAMiir A m i n t Mr K A N U rA L J UK I N b NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------r aia r r l N AA Iir* r tc ~ — — —— ————————— TAQ MC 1 A o Iil U L AT A 1 1I k Wirb-U * nAATtU n If Nfc MHMUAMI IC AATI ID T MA N U N K A N U rAL 1 UK 1 NG r r maMr r 3 r 1 NANLt — ——— OOCD ATODC U PbKA IU K S * . ............... — ———————— — — . . . . . . . — — — 1 11 100.00 102.00 102.00 102.00 Weekly eamings 1 (standard) OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED TABULATING—MACHINE OPERATORS* r i i rr a ..... LLASS A u iM i ic A r n i D VMr D A N U r A tlU K lN b — — — 9 0 .0 0 9 3 . 50 . 50 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL 9 5 .5 0 OCCUPATIONS 8 0 .0 0 8 1 .5 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A ----- -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- ---------9 9 .5 0 rounnAnur A*, l u r in o 9 8 .5 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B -------------------------------IIAMI IPAL ATTIIP IKI£ KANUr UKiiib NONMANUFACTURING__________ —-----------IITTI rmini U o Ltllf U l1 L TT 1 1l1tcc^ o 1 0 1 .5 0 1 0 6 .5 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -------------------------------MAMI IPAT IDTMft riANUr AUTI t UKlWb NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------8 5 .5 0 P IRI r U (ITt l LTlT F —— ——————— —— rUDLIV 1 IICd 8 3 .0 0 86 Weekly hours 1 (standard) 1 156 OA 69 1AC Io^ 39. 0 7 9 .0 0 •»8 o .* 5 c 3 3 8 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 47 A 4l«U 7«S*sSft 89 50 7 5 .0 0 8 0 . 50 7 4 .0 0 1.1>055 860 195 4 0 .0 1 7 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 8 0 .0 0 4 0 .0 1 5 4 .0 0 1 ,2 1 9 873 346 7 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 9 .5 0 1 3 5 .0 0 3 8 .5 1 5 6 .0 0 39.5 748 549 199 52 4 0 .0 1 1 5 .5 0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 1 0 9 .5 0 DRAFTSMEN-TRACERS ---------------------------------MAMlIPAr TIID I NC nANUrAtlUKlUb NONMANUFACTURING --------------- —------------ 27 3 151 122 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 9 3 .0 0 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 NURSES*. INDUSTRIAL IREGISTERED) -------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------- 310 278 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 2 2 .5 0 1 1 11 ^2 120.00 102.00 99 122.00 1 Standard hours re fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s (exclu sive o f pay fo r overtim e at regu lar a n d /o r prem iu m ra tes), and the e a rn ings c orresp on d to these w eekly h ours. 2 T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. 3 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 4 May include w o rk e rs other than those p resented separately. 11 T a b le A -4 . M a in ten a n ce and P o w e r p la n t O c c u p a tio n s (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d iv is io n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan u a ry 1968) Number o f w ork ers receivin g straigh t-tim e hourly earnings of— Hourly earnings 1 of woikers $ S % $ $ $ S $ S $ % $ 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 Mean1 23 Median 2 Middle range 2 and 801 610 191 61 $ 3 .5 8 3 .5 5 3 .6 7 3 .2 9 $ 3 .4 5 3 .4 6 3 .2 6 3 .1 6 $ 3 .2 9 3 .4 1 3 .1 6 3 .1 2 - $ 3 .7 3 3 .7 2 3 .7 9 3 .5 1 ELECTRICIANS. MAINTENANCE -----------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4 -------------------------- 2 ,2 2 3 1 .9 6 8 255 113 3 .6 0 3 .5 9 3 .7 2 3 .7 5 3 .5 9 3 .6 0 3 .5 6 3 .7 9 3 .3 8 3 .3 9 3 .3 1 3 .3 7 - ENGINEERS* STATIONARY ----------------------— MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------------- 725 506 219 56 3 .4 4 3 .4 4 3 .4 5 3 .8 6 3 .4 0 3 .3 9 3 .4 1 3 .8 5 3 .1 1 3 .1 C 3 .1 5 3 .8 1 - 3 .0 8 .3.UB 3 .1 2 2 . 9 2 - 3.31 it.V I 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 6 1 5 1 1 - - 7 6 1 - 12 12 - 54 43 11 10 61 11 50 50 65 20 45 - 36 36 - 297 283 14 - 22 7 15 12 34 34 - 26 23 3 - 12 6 6 3 59 57 2 2 3 3 3 1 1 L _ 1 l 70 70 - 2 2 - _ _ - 3 .6 9 3 .6 9 3 .9 7 4 .0 5 _ - _ - 4 4 - 4 4 - _ - 37 35 2 17 17 - 77 77 - 169 112 57 5 307 267 40 35 386 378 8 - 129 92 37 3 581 570 11 2 66 49 17 14 85 80 5 2 166 143 23 23 29 26 3 3 7 _ 7 7 49 48 1 1 26 8 18 18 50 50 - 8 8 _ - 26 3 .7 6 3 .6 9 3 .8 5 3 .8 9 17 17 6 6 - - “ 25 19 6 2 44 44 - 85 63 22 2 63 55 8 ~ 41 27 14 - 85 49 36 2 48 40 8 ~ 34 34 " 59 57 2 2 67 56 11 3 75 10 65 37 15 7 8 “ 16 12 4 4 12 5 7 1 5 3 2 1 1 - 14 14 - 10 10 - 3 3 3 ° * ' J.O _ - 8 8 41 41 21 21 7 7 /o *rU 2 .3 4 0 2 .8 9 2 .9 1 2 .7 4 - 2 .9 8 29 197 137 117 2 .9 6 2 .9 8 2 .9 6 2 .9 5 2 . 8 6 - 3 .1 2 2 . 8 7 - 3 .1 2 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS. TOOLROOM — MANUFACTURING ----------- --------------------— 640 637 3 .6 4 3 .6 4 3 .6 1 3 .6 1 3 .3 3 - 3 .8 4 3 . 3 3 - 3 .8 4 5 - ~ - MACHINISTS. MAINTENANCE-------------------- MANUFACTURING----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 1 ,8 3 1 1 ,7 7 6 55 3 .8 7 3 .8 8 3 *77 3 .6 9 3 .7 0 3 .6 6 3 . 6 1 - 4 .2 8 3 . 6 1 - 4 .2 8 3 . 6 0 - 4 .0 9 _ - _ - MECHANICS. AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES4-------------------------- 680 363 317 277 3 .6 7 3 .6 6 3 .6 7 3 .6 9 3 .7 4 3 .8 1 3 .7 3 3 .7 4 3 .4 9 3 .4 1 3 .5 7 3 .7 0 - MECHANICS. MAINTENANCE -----------------------MANUFACTURING----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 3 ,1 3 5 3 .0 2 3 112 3 .5 0 3 .4 9 3 .5 7 3 .4 6 3 .4 6 3 .5 4 3 . 3 3 - 3 .5 8 3 . 3 3 - 3 .5 8 3 . 3 8 - 3 .6 0 _ ~ _ - O IL E R S -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 551 551 2 .9 4 2 .9 4 2 .9 4 2 .9 4 2 . 7 5 - 3 .1 3 2 . 7 5 - 3 .1 3 7 7 PAINTERS. MAINTENANCE -------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES4-------------------------- 431 325 106 39 3 .3 6 3 .3 3 3 .4 5 3 .5 3 3 .2 6 3 .2 6 3 .2 6 3 .5 7 3 .2 0 3 .2 0 3 .1 9 3 .1 8 - 3 .5 4 3 .5 3 3 .5 9 3 .8 4 PIPEFITTERS. MAINTENANCE -------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES4------------------------- 1 .2 6 4 1 ,1 5 9 105 26 3 .4 8 3 .4 8 3 .4 6 3 .4 6 3 .4 5 3 .4 5 3 .4 4 3 .3 5 3 .4 0 3 .4 0 3 .4 0 3 .1 8 - 3 .5 3 3 .5 5 3 .4 8 3 .5 3 PLUMBERS* MAINTENANCE -------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 89 56 3 .4 7 3 .4 8 3 .4 9 3 .4 8 SHEET-METAL WORKERS. MAINTENANCE — MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 188 161 3 .5 4 3 .5 4 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS--------------------------— MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 747 747 3 .8 7 3 .8 7 28 28 ** 59 59 41 98 98 - 676 673 3 111 67 44 44 785 82 188 113 36 30 30 16 10 34 28 2 2 3 3 - - 18 18 25 25 12 12 28 28 47 47 - 32 332 26 b 7 18 90 90 41 41 52 52 111 108 37 37 52 52 12 12 38 38 _ 13 12 1 65 65 - 98 98 - 13 _ 13 427 427 _ _ - _ _ - - _ - _ - 32 32 - 15 15 - 27 27 - 73 73 - 95 89 6 70 65 5 96 94 2 546 519 27 20 20 - 62 62 - 179 178 1 - 4 4 - ~ - 9 5 4 4 17 17 - 11 4 7 - 66 57 9 2 71 33 38 36 52 21 31 26 45 34 11 - 174 174 170 153 114 39 39 69 69 - - 4 4 - - 5 5 - - - 4 4 2 2 “ 15 15 - 47 47 “ 60 60 - 267 266 1 235 235 - 493 460 33 715 715 605 554 51 137 137 - 185 183 2 160 153 7 28 20 8 16 6 10 79 79 18 18 - - 51 51 18 18 ~ - 31 31 14 14 163 163 40 40 57 57 84 84 70 70 36 36 18 18 25 25 6 6 6 6 ~ _ - 1 1 2 2 - 3 3 5 5 - 3 3 - 91 68 23 13 173 133 40 1 18 18 - 6 3 3 ~ 36 27 9 9 46 43 3 3 1 1 1 21 14 7 7 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 _ - 6 5 1 - _ - - 12 12 - 1 1 - 11 11 - 16 16 - 51 43 8 8 118 118 - 90 74 16 12 632 564 68 57 57 - 46 46 - 91 89 2 ~ 22 17 5 87 85 2 2 11 10 1 1 2 2 2 - 1 1 1 3 . 3 5 - 3 .5 9 3 . 3 8 - 3 .5 7 - 5 " - “ 3 3 3 3 2 ~ ” ~ 19 11 14 14 23 17 “ 3 - 5 " 9 8 — 3 - ~ 16 16 "" 8 8 _ - _ - 3 .5 8 3 .5 9 3 . 3 4 - 3 .7 0 3 . 3 4 - 3 .6 9 ~ - - - ~ 5 5 - 28 22 ~ 36 31 6 “ 25 25 42 42 27 25 2 ~ 5 5 7 l 3 3 “ 2 2 - ~ 3 .7 1 3 .7 1 3 .5 5 -4 .0 8 3 . 5 5 - 4 .0 8 - ~ - ~ 2 2 11 11 18 18 30 30 9 9 230 230 64 64 137 137 25 25 24 24 13 13 1 1 3 3 28 28 1 1 150 150 3 .8 4 3 .8 9 3 .7 8 3 .7 8 - ~ ~ - ~ Excludes prem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. F o r defin ition o f te r m s , see footnote 2, table A - l . W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s : 2 at $ 4 .8 0 to $5; 9 at $ 5 .2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; and 21 at $ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 .8 0 . T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public u tilities. 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 over - HELPERS. MAINTENANCE TRADES -------------nniiUrAb *UKInb NONMANUFACTURING-----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES4------------------------- 1 2 3 4 o o m 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 CARPENTERS* MAINTENANCE ---------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4 --------------------* — $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 3 .7 0 3 .8 0 3 .9 0 4 .0 0 4 .1 0 4 .2 0 4 .3 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 . BO Under $ 2 .5 0 - — - — 1 1 12 T a b le A -5 . C u sto d ia l and M a teria l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a tio n s (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is by in d u s tr y d iv is io n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan u a ry 1968) Hourly earnings2 O ccu p ation 1 and industry division N L of workers Number o f w orkersi receiving straigh t-tim e hourly earnings o f— S $ » $ $ $ $ $ 6 i $ t $ $ $ S % $ $ S $ 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 % Mpan3 Median3 Middle range3 Under $ 1 .4 0 and 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 GUARDS AND WATCHMEN----------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- — 2*060 1*563 497 $ 2 .6 2 2 .8 1 2 .0 3 $ 2 .8 0 2 .8 7 1 .7 2 $ 2 .4 4 2 .6 2 1 .4 6 - $ 2 .9 6 2 .9 8 2 .5 3 2 2 GUAROS • MANUFACTURING----------- -*--------------------- 1*264 2 .8 8 2 .9 1 2 . 7 4 - 3 .0 0 - WATCHMEN: MANUFACTURING------------------- ------------ 221 221 15 6 9 56 42 14 16 16 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 8 8 ovet ~ 39 35 4 22 4 18 46 40 6 9 3 6 204 148 56 140 99 41 74 71 3 168 141 27 678 667 11 212 198 14 68 29 39 27 25 2 47 47 “ - 27 - 40 - 106 34 55 1A1 554 198 29 25 47 3 42 65 16 113 - - - - - - 279 1330 86 1004 193 326 13 27 9 28 9 4 136 201 216 101 115 23 4 6 38 380 319 61 12 10 39 127 1C6 21 21 ~ 210 127 83 75 4 2 2 53 33 20 20 “ 16 14 2 2 - 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 23 13 10 4 52 48 4 2 12 12 10 13 9 4 4 1 1 - ■_ — - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - “ 8 8 ~ - 8 299 2 .5 1 2 .5 7 2 . 4 3 - 2 .8 6 6 42 - - - 8 4 - JANITORS* PORTERS* AND CLEANERS ----MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------- ------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE---------------------------— FINANCE — -------------------------------------- 4 .3 8 7 2*036 2*351 227 74 407 615 2 .2 7 2 .5 0 2 .0 7 2 .6 2 2 .4 0 2 .0 9 2 .3 4 2 .4 1 2 .4 7 2 .1 4 2 .7 1 2 .4 3 2 .1 4 2 .3 8 2 .1 0 2 .4 2 1 .6 6 2 .4 3 2 .2 C 2 .1 1 2 .2 6 - 2 .4 9 2 .6 3 2 .4 1 2 .8 6 2 .5 1 2 .1 8 2 .4 6 57 57 5 132 132 11 1 157 6 151 18 3 431 6 425 10 3 65 10 55 10 1 35 3 32 9 9 108 24 84 2 3 12 10 88 9 79 22 8 10 33 487 116 371 3 8 292 25 212 72 140 9 3 114 JANITORS* PORTERS* AND CLEANERS (WOMEN) --------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------— PUBLIC UTILITIES4------------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------FINANCE5------------------------------------------ 2*302 225 2*077 128 103 1 ,0 3 2 1 .8 6 2 .2 6 1 .8 2 2 .2 2 1 .8 3 1 .9 7 1 .9 6 2 .2 5 1 .9 3 2 .1 7 1 .8 4 2 .0 2 1 .5 7 2 .0 1 1 .5 5 2 .1 1 1 .8 1 1 .9 6 - 2 .0 6 2 .6 1 2 .0 5 2 .2 7 1 .8 8 2 .0 6 2 2 - 341 341 351 351 2 8 93 16 77 11 18 85 5 80 1 3 48 89 89 2 68 3 343 34 309 6 300 680 20 660 20 3 624 99 12 87 63 2 2 66 49 17 15 2 ~ 34 6 28 7 - 4 6 2 2 - LABORERS* MATERIAL HANDLING -----------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4 -----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------------------- 3 ,6 2 4 2 ,2 5 9 1*365 543 339 452 2 .9 3 2 .8 2 3 .1 0 3 .3 7 2 .8 4 3 .0 0 2 .8 3 2 .7 1 3 .0 8 3 .4 6 3 .0 1 2 .9 5 2 .5 5 2 .5 3 2 .6 7 3 .4 0 2 .5 5 2 .4 0 - 3 .3 9 2 .9 7 3 .5 1 3 .5 3 3 .0 8 3 .7 6 _ - 12 12 12 2 2 2 3 3 3 12 12 9 2 2 2 13 13 13 143 108 35 7 28 27 4 23 20 3 55 11 44 40 438 348 90 45 45 403 361 42 25 17 371 286 85 63 8 269 229 40 22 4 12 602 417 185 105 72 243 117 126 4 120 2 131 74 57 35 22 606 166 440 412 20 8 140 96 44 44 107 18 89 89 25 4 21 21 20 20 ~ ORDER FILLERS --------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------- 1 ,2 8 5 369 916 480 436 3 .0 0 2 .9 1 3 .0 3 2 .8 9 3 .1 9 2 .9 5 2 .9 6 2 .9 5 2 .9 1 3 .1 0 2 .7 1 2 .6 8 2 .7 2 2 .7 2 2 .7 2 - 3 .2 7 3 .2 4 3 .5 5 2 .9 8 3 .7 5 _ - _ - 9 9 _ - 2 2 6 6 5 5 53 38 15 5 5 36 16 20 140 8 132 105 27 32 25 7 • 7 132 36 96 63 33 326 90 236 221 15 104 12 92 16 76 165 134 31 28 3 44 44 44 169 169 169 20 20 20 18 18 18 “ PACKERS* SHIPPING --------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------RETAIL TRAOE -------------------------------- 949 805 144 54 2 .7 9 2 .8 1 2 .6 7 2 .3 4 2 .6 9 2 .6 9 2 .6 0 2 .4 4 2 .5 3 2 .5 5 2 .4 5 2 .3 5 - 3 .0 1 3 .0 8 2 .9 4 2 .4 7 - RECEIVING CLERKS ----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------------------- 463 248 215 98 104 2 .8 4 2 .7 9 2 .8 9 2 .9 1 2 .9 4 2 .8 3 2 .8 1 2 .9 0 2 .9 3 2 .6 8 2 .5 6 2 .5 6 2 .5 A 2 .7 6 2 .4 3 - 3 .0 3 2 .9 7 3 .1 5 3 .0 3 3 .8 1 SHIPPING CLERKS ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------- — ------— NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- — WHOLESALE TRAOE --------------------------- 414 295 119 87 2 .9 1 2 .8 8 3 .0 0 3 .0 0 2 .9 3 2 .9 1 2 .9 9 2 .9 9 2 .6 0 2 .5 7 2 .8 1 2 .8 5 - 3 .1 1 3 .0 7 3 .1 8 3 .1 6 SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS --------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING - - ------------------------PUBLIC UTILITIES4------------------------- 197 121 76 32 2 .9 5 2 .9 2 2 .9 9 3 .0 6 3 .0 3 2 .9 8 3 .0 6 3 .1 6 2 .7 9 2 .5 9 2 .9 6 3 .1 1 - 3 .1 6 3 .1 6 3 .1 7 3 .2 3 S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . - 1 “ 6 14 - - - - 9 - 2 6 5 15 5 20 4 _ - _ 1 8 - 4 4 - - - 1 1 8 8 100 100 - _ - 97 52 45 38 107 92 15 3 178 178 - 71 62 9 142 83 59 82 82 - 83 83 - 39 36 3 20 20 - 17 17 - - - 9 9 - 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 - 7 3 4 4 22 3 19 18 106 92 14 7 7 20 20 12 8 34 23 11 10 1 117 74 43 39 4 62 31 31 26 5 27 15 12 *12 7 6 1 - 7 7 4 1 13 13 13 12 12 12 2 2 2 _ - 3 3 2 2 - 2 2 - 18 18 - 78 76 2 16 7 9 7 18 8 10 9 110 76 34 29 121 89 32 28 25 10 15 14 11 8 3 “ 2 1 1 5 5 - _ - 3 2 1 8 4 4 4 9 8 1 1 _ - 21 21 - 9 9 - 38 21 17 1 75 38 37 17 13 2 11 8 20 18 2 1 1 1 - - - " " _ ~ - 8 8 8 1 1 1 3 3 3 - - _ _ - _ _ - _ - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ ~ - “ - - 3 - — ~ _ _ - _ — “ 19 10 9 3 6 - ~ 18 12 6 - - “ ~ ‘ * 13 T a b le A -5. C u sto d ia l and M a teria l M o v e m e n t O c c u p a t io n s — C on tin u e d (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a ry 1968) O ccu p a tion 1 and industry d ivision workers M ean3 M edian3 Middle range3 Under $ 1 .4 0 Num ber o f w o rk e rs receivin g straigh t-tim e hourly earnings of— $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ * $ % $ $ * 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 and $ 3 .5 3 3 .5 7 3 .5 3 3 .5 4 3 .1 5 3 .6 2 $ 3 .2 0 3 .0 1 3 .2 5 3 .5 1 3 .0 4 3 .2 7 - $ 3 .6 1 3 .6 9 3 .5 8 3 .5 7 3 .5 4 3 .7 8 TRUCKORIVERS* LIGHT IUNDER 1 - 1 / 2 T O N S !--------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIES4 -------------------------- 333 169 164 51 2 .9 5 2 .8 9 3 .0 1 2 .8 7 3 .0 3 2 .8 9 3 .2 1 2 .8 9 2 .6 5 2 .0 5 2 .7 5 2 .6 3 - 3 .2 8 3 .6 4 3 .2 6 3 .2 5 TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM 1 1 - 1 / 2 TO AND INCLUDING 4 TONS! -------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ --— NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------RETAIL TRAD E----------------------------- -— 1 ,5 4 7 777 770 385 200 3 .4 1 3 .5 5 3 .2 8 3 .1 8 3 .3 5 3 .5 4 3 .6 7 3 .2 4 3 .1 3 3 .2 8 3 .1 8 3 .6 0 3 .1 1 3 .0 5 3 .2 4 - TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS. TRAILER TYPE) ------------------------- ----------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING------------------------ -----PUBLIC U TILITIE S4-------------------------- 1 .0 4 6 165 881 517 3 .5 6 3 .2 4 3 .6 2 3 .5 6 3 .5 6 3 .1 6 3 .5 8 3 .5 5 3 . 5 1 - 3 .6 8 3 . 1 1 - 3 .2 9 3 . 5 3 - 3 .7 1 TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS. OTHER THAN TRAILER T Y P E )--------- ---MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIE S4-------------------------- 388 174 214 93 3 .2 8 3 .2 2 3 .3 3 3 .5 6 3 .3 1 3 .0 9 3 .3 6 3 .5 5 3 .0 3 2 .9 2 3 .0 8 3 .5 2 - 3 .5 4 3 .5 5 3 .5 4 3 .5 8 TRUCKERS. POWER (FORKLIFT) ---------------MANUFACTURING ------------- ---------------- -----NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U TILITIE S4— --------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------- 1 .6 2 6 1 ,4 1 0 216 79 74 3 .0 5 2 .9 7 3 .5 3 3 .6 0 3 .2 0 2 .9 6 2 .8 7 3 .6 4 3 .6 5 3 .2 1 2 .7 5 2 .7 3 3 .2 4 3 .6 2 3 .1 1 - 3 .3 0 3 .2 2 3 .7 6 3 .6 8 3 .2 7 TRUCKERS. POWER (OTHER THAN FORKLIFT) -----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------ 991 970 3 .2 6 3 .2 6 3 .4 0 3 .4 0 2 . 8 7 - 3 .4 7 2 . 8 7 - 3 .4 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 .6 7 3 .7 7 3 .5 3 3 .2 2 3 .4 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ . - _ _ - - . _ _ - - - ~ - - 1 - - ~ ~ 1 1 _ . _ - - - _ _ _ - - - - 53 50 3 - 53 50 3 3 _ 3 3 14 14 14 11 10 1 1 3 3 - - 3 3 3 3 _ - - _ - - - 9 8 1 - _ _ _ _ . . - - - - - - _ _ - _ - - - - ~ - - - - - - _ - - - ~ “ - ~ - 8 8 - 9 9 9 9 - - _ _ _ 2 2 - _ - - - - _ _ _ - _ _ 40 40 - _ ” - - _ - 25 3 50 33 17 2 9 7 2 2 94 94 22 _ " 65 65 ~ _ ** 9 9 6 6 - 9 8 1 - 304 45 259 245 221 44 177 28 132 239 36 203 - 78 38 40 38 495 421 74 74 162 162 _ 33 16 17 16 527 24 503 500 61 4 57 2 140 49 91 91 90 90 _ _ _ - - - - - - 86 86 324 324 ** - 108 108 - - - ~ “ 11 11 - 23 5 18 ” _ - - - 18 18 18 - 6 6 17 17 59 50 58 18 40 67 67 “ 92 92 - 102 36 66 “ 760 486 274 1 86 187 - 5 5 - _ 491 1578 80 113 411 1465 123 1334 65 84 66 204 28 3 25 ~ _ 30 12 18 18 539 206 333 21 311 “ 335 190 145 5 14 9 5 367 249 118 25 86 1 4 .2 0 35 15 20 2 16 " _ ~ 11 . - . - - 11 _ _ - Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except w here otherw ise indicated. E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holid ays, and late shifts. F or defin ition o f te r m s , see footnote 2, table A - l . T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , and other public utilities. F inan ce, in su ra n ce , and rea l estate. Includes all d r iv e r s , as defined, re ga rd le ss o f size and type o f truck operated. 1 _ 1 1 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 o o $ 3 .4 1 3 .3 4 3 .4 5 3 .5 0 3 .2 4 3 .5 8 o 4 ,2 7 1 1 .4 3 2 2 .8 3 9 1 .5 4 3 696 588 2 .3 0 CM TRUCKORIVERS 6 -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S4-5------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------------- fM 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 N * O Hourly earnings1 2 270 252 18 1 16 246 221 25 1 20 276 248 28 265 259 86 86 45 43 - 64 - - - 28 “ 396 396 200 - 200 1 _ - - 48 97 72 72 3 3 _ ~ 1 3 - - - 1 3 - - - — 1 3 109 12 97 27 3 24 - ~ “ - - 16 16 - ~ 101 8 93 77 10 _ — over _ “ 54 12 42 10 - - - — - “ 10 6 24 24 - 10 13 13 Appendix. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because o f this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BILLER, MACHINE— Continued Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are clas sified by type of machine, as follows: columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of pre determined discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B. Keeps a record o f one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge o f basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry o f figures on customers' ledger record. The ma chine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical Note: Since the last survey in this area, the Bureau has discontinued collecting data for duplicatingmachine operators and elevator operators. 14 15 CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment’ s busi ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting woric is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Class C. Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi fication system (e. g. , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, woik requires application 16 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR— Continued of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, e t c ., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Assigned as personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day work activities of the supervisor. Works fairly independently receiving a mini mum of detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and secretarial duties, usually including most of the following: (a) Receives telephone calls, personal callers, and incoming mail, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries to the proper persons; (b) establishes, maintains, and revises the supervisor's files; (c) maintains the supervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays messages from supervisor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, mem oranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) performs stenographic and typing work. May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks of com parable nature and difficulty. The woik typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization, programs, and pro cedures related to the work of the supervisor. SECRETARY— Continue d Exclusions Not all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the def inition are as follows: (a) Positions which do not meet the "personal" secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical, or managerial persons; (d) secretary posi tions in which the duties are either substantially more routine or substan tially more complex and responsible than those characterized in the def inition; and (e) assistant type positions which involve more difficult or more responsible technical, administrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical duties which are not typical of secretarial work. NOTE: The term "corporate officer," used in the level definitions following, refers to those officials who have a significant corporate-wide policymaking role with regard to major company activities. The title "vice president," though normally indicative of this role, does n otin all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose primary responsibility is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e. g. , approve or deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate officers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions. Class A a. Secretary to the chairman o f the board or president of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,000 persons; or b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000 persons; or c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the corporate officer level) of a major segment or subsidiary of a company that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons. Class B a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president o f a company that employs, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,000 persons; or 17 SECRETA RY— Continue d STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL— Continued c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level) over either a major corporate - wi de functional activity (e .g . , marketing, research, operations, industrial relations, etc.) or a major geographic or organizational segment (e. g. , a regional headquarters; a major division) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000 employees; or May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively rou tine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, over 5,000 persons; or STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific re search from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR e. Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde segment ( e . g . , a middle management supervisor of an organizational seg pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced ment often involving as many as several hundred persons) of a company by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons. accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and Class C office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in per a. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon forming stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, main sibility is not equivalent to one of the specific level situations in the def taining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, inition for class B, but whose subordinate staff normally numbers at least letters, e t c .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational segments and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level not include transcribing-machine work. includes a wide range o f organizational echelons; in others, only one or two; or SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, fewer than 5,000 persons. Class A . Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Per forms full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full time assignment. ("Full" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e.g., because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which exten sions are appropriate for ca lls.) Class D a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a small organizational unit ( e . g . , fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional employee, administrative officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE; Many companies assign stenographers, rather than secretaries as described above, to this level of supervisory or nonsupervisory woxker.) STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vo cabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from writ ten copy. Class B. Operates a singler or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform limited telephone information service. ("Limited” telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understand able for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e. g. , giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls are referred to another operator.) 18 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single-position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker* s time while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MA CHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety Of tabulating or electrical account ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulatingmachine operators. Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The woik typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro cedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e t c ., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenog rapher, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A . Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu ation, etc. , of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing o f complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B. Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance policies, e t c .; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already setup and spaced properly. 19 P ROF ESSI ONAL * A ND T E C H N I C A L DRAFTSMAN— Continue d DRAFTSMAN Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen. Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building- including detail drawings o f foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities, strengths, stresses, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy. Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked during progress. DRAFTSMAN-TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation. ) and/or Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items. is closely supervised during progress. Work NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medi cal direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a coihbination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. MA I N T E N AN C E AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 20 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician^ handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Woik involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex cluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci fications; planning and laying out o f woik; using a variety of machinists handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping o f metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinists woik normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 21 MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) OILER Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment o f an establishment. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwrights work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculi arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or bmsh. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Woik involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves; Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 22 SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equip ment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qual ities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to pre scribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. gage maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work in- For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. C U S T O D I A L A N D M A T E R I A L MO V E ME N T GUARD AND WATCHMAN JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Guard. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Watchman. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper, warehouseman or warehouse helper) JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commerical or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and trans porting materials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. 23 ORDER, FILLER SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers' orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con tainer employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKD RIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truck driver, light (under 1V2 tons) Truckdriver, medium ( 1V2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) A v a i l a b l e O n R e q u e s t ----The eighth annual rep o rt on s a l a r ie s for accountants, a u d it o r s , a t t o r n e y s , c h e m i s t s , e n g in e e r s , engineering technician s, d r a f t s m e n , t r a c e r s , job a n a ly s t s , d ir e c t o r s of p e rso n n e l, m a n a g e r s o f o ffic e s e r v i c e s , b u y e r s , and c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s . O r d e r as BL.S B ulletin 1585, National Survey of P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m in i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n ic a l, and C l e r i c a l P a y , June 1 9 6 7 . F ifty cents a copy. Area Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D .C., 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number and price Akron, Ohio, July 1967 1-------------------------------------------------Albany—Schenectady—T r o y , N .Y ., Apr. 1967 ---------------Albuquerque, N. M e x . , Apr. 1967 ______________________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N. J . , Feb. 1967 _________________________________________________ Atlanta, Ga., May 1967 __________________________________ Baltimore, M d ., Oct. 1967---------------------------------------------Beaumont—Port Arthur—Orange, Tex., May 1967 ------Birmingham, A la., Apr. 1967 1 --------------------------------------Boise City, Idaho, July 1967____________________________ Boston, M a s s ., Sept. 1967 1--------------------------------------------- 1530-86, 1530-62, 1530-60, 25 cents 25 cents 20 cents 1530-53, 1530-7 1, 1 575-1 8, 1530-74, 1530-63, 1 57 5-3, 1 575-1 3, 25 cents 25 cents 25 cents 20 cents 30 cents 20 cents 30 cents Buffalo, N . Y . , Dec. 1967 ________________________________ Burlington, V t . , Mar. 1967 1 ____________________________ Canton, Ohio, Apr. 1967 _________________________________ Charleston, W. V a . , Apr. 1967 --------------------------------------Charlotte, N.C ., Apr. 1967 ______________________________ Chattanooga, T e n n . - G a . , Aug. 1967------------------------------Chicago, 111., Apr. 1967 1 ________________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.—Ind., Mar. 1967 ________ _________ Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1967_____________________________ Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 1967______________________________ Dallas, Tex., Nov. 1967_______________________________ __ 15 75-4 1, 1530-52, 1530-58, 1530-61, 1530-64 , 1 57 5-7, 1530-73, 1530-56, 1 575- 14 , 1575-23, 15 75 -20, Davenport—Rock Island—Mo lin e, Iowa—111., Oct. 1967__________________________________________________ Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1968 1________________________________ Denver, Colo., Dec. 1967 1-------------------------------------- -------Des Moines, Iowa, Feb. 1968 1 --------------------------------------Detroit, Mich., Jan. 1968 1 ______________________________ Fort Worth, Tex., Nov. 1967____________________________ Green Bay, W i s ., July 1967______________________________ Greenville, S .C ., May 1967 _____________________________ Houston, Tex., June 1967 ________________________________ Indianapolis, Ind., Dec. 1967 1 __________________________ Jackson, M i s s . , Feb. 1968 1 ____________________________ Jacksonville, Fla ., Jan. 1968 --------------------------------------Kansas City, Mo.—K a n s ., Nov. 1 967 1----------------------------Lawrence—Haverhill, M a s s .—N.H., June 1967 -------------Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark., July 1967---------Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa An aGarden Grove, C alif., Mar. 1967 1 -----------------------------Louisville, K y .-I n d ., Feb. 1967 1 _______________________ Lubbock, Tex., June 1967 _______________________________ Manchester, N.H., July 1967____________________________ Memphis, T e n n . - A r k . , Jan. 1 968 1---------------------------------Miami, Fla ., Dec. 1967 1-------------------------------------------------Midland and Odessa, Tex ., June 1967 --------------------------- Bulletin number and price Milwaukee, W i s ., Apr. 1967 1____________________________ Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1967 1_______________ Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich., May 1967 _________ Newark and Jersey City, N.J., Feb. 1967 _______________ New Haven, Conn., Jan. 19 6 8 1____________________________ New Orleans, La., Feb. 1967 1 ___________________________ New York, N .Y ., Apr. 1967 1--------------------------------------------Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va., June 1967 1______________________________ Oklahoma City, O k la ., July 1967------------------------------------- 1530 -76, 1530-42, 1530-72, 15 30-55, 1 57 5-34, 1530-51, 1530-83, 30cents 30cents 20cents 25cents 25cents 30cents 40cents 15 30-82, 157 5-4, 25cents 20cents 30 cents 25 cents 20 cents 20 cents 20 cents 25 cents 30 cents 25 cents 25 cents 25 cents 25 cents Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa, Oct. 1 967 1_________________________ Pater son—Clifton—Passaic , N.J., May 1967 _____________ Philadelphia, Pa.—N. J ., Nov. 1967 1_____________________ Phoenix, A r i z . , Mar. 1967 _______________________________ Pittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 1968 ______________________________ Portland, Maine, Nov. 1 967 1-------------------------------------------Portland, Oreg.—Wash., May 1967 ______________________ Providence—Pawtucket—Warwick, R.I.—M a s s . , May 1967 1 _________________________________________________ Raleigh, N .C ., Aug. 1967 1-----------------------------------------------Richmond, Va., Nov. 1967 1______________________________ Rockford, 111., May 1967 __________________________________ 1 575-21, 1530-6 7, 15 75-4 0, 1530-59, 1575-4 4, 1 57 5-16, 1530-79, 25 cents 25cents 30cents 20cents 3 0 cents 25cents 25cents 15 30-70, 1 57 5-6, 1 57 5-27 , 1530-68, 30cents 25cents 25cents 20cents 1 575-1 2, 15 75-5 1, 15 75-3 8, 15 75 -52, 15 75-4 5, 1 575-22, 1 575-5, 1530-66, 1530-85, 15 75-3 6, 25 cents 30 cents 2 5 cents 30 cents 35 cents 25 cents 20 cents 25 cents 25 cents 30 cents St. Louis, Mo.—111., Jan. 1968 ___________________________ Salt Lake City, Utah, Dec. 1967 ________________________ San Antonio, Tex., June 1967 1 ___________________________ San Bernardino—River side—Ontario, Calif., Aug. 1 967 1-------------- ----------------------------------------------------------San Diego, Calif., Nov. 1 967--------------------------------------------San Francisco—Oakland, C alif., Jan. 1968 ______________ San Jose, Calif., Sept. 1 967 1-------------------------------------------Savannah, Ga., May 1967 _________________________________ Scranton, Pa., July 1 967 1-----------------------------------------------Seattle—Everett, Wash., Nov. 1 967 1_____________________ 1575 -39, 15 75-3 5, 1530-84, 30cents 20cents 25cents 1 57 5-10, 1 57 5-19, 15 75-3 7, 1 575-15, 15 30-69, 1 57 5-9, 1 57 5-29, 30cents 20cents 25cents 25cents 20 cents 25cents 2 5 cents 15 75-4 9, 15 75-3 3, 1 57 5-30, 1530-77, 1 57 5 -2, 30 20 25 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents 1530-65, 1530-49, 1530-75, 1575 -1, 1 57 5-32 , 1575-28, 1530-78, 30 30 20 20 25 25 20 cents cents cents cents c ents cents cents Sioux Falls, S. Dak., Oct. 1 967 1_________________________ South Bend, Ind., Mar. 1967 _____________________________ Spokane, Wash., June 1967 1 _____________________________ Tampa—St. Petersburg, F l a . , Aug. 1 967_______________ Toledo, Ohio—Mich., Feb. 1968 _________________________ Trenton, N.J., Nov. 1967-------------------------------------------------Washington, D .C .—Md.—V a . , Sept. 1 967-------------------------Waterbury, Conn., April 1968 1---------------------------------------Waterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1967________________________________ Wichita, K a n s ., Dec. 1967________________________________ Worceste r, M a s s ., June 1967 ___________________________ York, Pa., Feb. 1968 1-----------------------------------------------------Youngstown—Warren, Ohio, Nov. 1 967 1_________________ 1 5 75-17, 15 30-57, 15 30-80, 1575-8 , 1575 -4 3, 1 5 7 5 . 24, 1 575-1 1, 15 75-5 3, 1 57 5-26, 1 57 5-31, 15 30-81, 15 75-4 2, 1 57 5-25, 25cents 20cents 25cents 25cents 30cents 20cents 25cents 30cents 20cents 20cents 25cents 30cents 25cents 1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage, provisions are also presented. 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