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„ /9 tro Area Wage Survey Bulletin 1950-20 J o Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Virginia—North Carolina, Metropolitan Area, May 1977 Preface T h is b u lle tin p r o v id e s r e s u lts o f a M a y 1977 s u r v e y o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s in the N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h ^ P o r ts m o u th , V a ,—N .C ., Standard M e t ro p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a . T h e s u r v e y w a s m a d e as p a r t o f the B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s ' annual a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m . It w a s con du cted by the B u re a u 's r e g io n a l o f f ic e in P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ., u n d er the g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f Ir w in L . F e ig e n b a u m , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l C o m m is s io n e r f o r O p e ra tio n s . T h e s u r v e y cou ld not h a ve b een a c c o m p lis h e d w ith o u t the c o o p e r a tio n o f the m a n y f ir m s w h o s e w a g e and s a la r y d ata p r o v id e d the b a s is f o r the s ta t is t ic a l in fo rm a tio n in th is b u lle tin . T h e B u re a u w is h e s to e x p r e s s s in c e r e a p p re c ia tio n f o r the c o o p e r a tio n r e c e iv e d . M a t e r ia l in th is p u b lic a tio n is in the p u b lic d om a in and m a y be r e p r o d u c e d w ith ou t p e r m is s io n o f the F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t. P le a s e c r e d it the B u re a u p u b lic a tio n . of Labor S ta tis tic s and c ite the nam e and nu m b er of this Note: C u rr e n t r e p o r ts on o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s a r e a v a ila b le f o r the co m b in e d N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B ea ch —P o r ts m o u th and N e w p o r t N e w s —H am p ton a re a s f o r m o v in g and s to r a g e (M a y 1977), and la u n d ry and d r y c le a n in g (M a y 1977) in d u s tr ie s . A l s o a v a ila b le f o r the N o r fo lk a r e a a re lis tin g s o f union w a g e r a te s f o r b u ild in g tr a d e s , p rin tin g tr a d e s , lo c a l- t r a n s it o p e r a tin g e m p lo y e e s , lo c a l t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s , and g r o c e r y s to r e e m p lo y e e s . F r e e c o p ie s o f th e s e a r e a v a ila b le f r o m the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o f f i c e s . (S e e b a c k c o v e r f o r a d d r e s s e s .) Area Wage Survey Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Virginia—North Carolina, Metropolitan Area, May 1977 U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner August 1977 Contents Page Bulletin'1950- 20 Tables: A. E a r n in g s , all es tab lis h m en ts : A - l . W e e k l y e arning s of o f f i c e A-2. A-3. A-4. A-5. A-6. A-7. Ap p end ix A. Ap p end ix B. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover. W e e k l y e arning s of p r o f e s sional and te c h n ica l w o r k e r s ------A v e r a g e w e e k l y e arn in g s of o f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and te chnic al w o r k e r s , b y s e x -----------H o u r l y e arn in g s of m a i n t e nance, t o o l r o o m , and p ow e rp lan t w o r k e r s --------------------H o u r l y e arning s of m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and custodial 5 6 7 A v e r a g e h o u r l y e arnings of m ainte nance, to o l r o o m , p ow erp la nt, m a t e r i a l m o v e ment, and c usto d ia l w o r k e r s , b y s e x -----------------------------------------P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e ho u r ly ear ning s, adjusted f o r e m p lo y m e n t shifts, f o r s e le c te d occupational g r o u p s ----------- 10 Scope and method o f s u r v e y ---------O ccupational d e s c r i p t i o n s -------------- 12 15 11 Introduction T h i s a r e a is 1 o f 74 in w h ic h th e U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s condu cts s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a ti o n a l e a r n in g s and r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s . (S e e l i s t o f d r e a s on i n s i d e b ack c o v e r . ) In e ach a r e a , o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n i n g s data ( A - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) a r e c o l l e c t e d annually. I n f o r m a t i o n on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s ( B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) is ob ta in e d e v e r y t h i r d y e a r . T h i s r e p o r t has no B - s e r i e s t a b le s . E a c h y e a r a f t e r a l l i n d iv id u a l a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s h a ve b e en c o m p l e t e d , tw o s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d . T h e f i r s t b r i n g s t o g e t h e r data f o r e a c h m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s u r v e y e d ; the s e c o n d p r e s e n t s n a tion al and r e g i o n a l e s t i m a t e s , p r o j e c t e d f r o m i n d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a data, f o r a l l S tan d ard M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s in the U n ite d S t a te s , e x c lu d in g A l a s k a and H a w a i i . A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m is the n e e d to d e s c r i b e the l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a v a r i e t y o f l a b o r m a r k e t s , t h ro u g h the a n a l y s i s o f (1) the l e v e l and d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w a g e s by oc c u p a tio n , and (2) the m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s by o c c u p a tio n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l . T h e p r o g r a m d e v e l o p s i n f o r m a t i o n that m a y be used f o r m a n y p u r p o s e s , includin g w a g e and s a l a r y a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g , and a s s i s t a n c e in d e t e r m i n i n g pla nt l o c a t i o n . S u r v e y r e s u l t s a ls o a r e used b y th e U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r to m a k e w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n s un der the S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965. A - s e r i e s ta b l e s T a b l e s A - 1 t h ro u g h A - 6 p r o v i d e e s t i m a t e s o f s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y o r h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r w o r k e r s in o c c u p a tio n s c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r i e s . F o r the 31 l a r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s , t a b l e s A - 8 th ro u g h A - 13 p r o v i d e s i m i l a r data f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e . T a b l e A - 7 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t changes in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , in d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , s k i l l e d m a i n te n a n c e t r a d e s w o r k e r s , and u n s k ille d plant w o r k e r s . W h e r e p o s s i b l e , data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l i n d u s t r i e s and f o r m a n u f a c tu r in g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g s e p a r a t e l y . Data a r e not p r e s e n t e d f o r s k i l l e d m a in te n a n c e w o r k e r s in n o n m an u fa ctu rin g b e c a u s e the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in th is o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p in n o n m an u fa ctu rin g is to o s m a l l to w a rra n t sepa rate p resentation . T h is ta b l e p r o v i d e s a m e a s u r e o f w a g e t r e n d s a f t e r e l i n i m a t i o n o f changes in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s caused by e m p l o y m en t sh ifts am on g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s as w e l l as t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in c lu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p l e s . F o r f u r t h e r d e t a i l s , s e e appendix A. A p p e n d ix e s wage A p p e n d i x A d e s c r i b e s the m eth od s and c on c e p ts used in the a r e a s u r v e y p r o g r a m and p r o v i d e s i n f o r m a t i o n on the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . A p p e n d i x B p r o v i d e s jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m i s t s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s by occup ation. used by B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o A. E a rn in g s Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Va. —N.C., May 1977 Weekly earnings^ (standard) Occupation and in du stry d iv is io n Number of workers Average weekly hours* [standard) Numbe S 80 Mean 2 Median 2 Middle range 2 o f w o rk er s re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e w eek ly earnings of--- 5 90 $ $ S % $ $ % S 260 280 300 250 230 290 S s 100 no 120 130 190 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 120 130 190 150 160 170 180 19Q_ 200 210 220 230 290 250 260 8 2 6 - 21 5 16 - 63 19 99 1 50 16 32 8 62 13 99 2 59 9 95 7 32 20 12 6 23 9 19 1 36 16 18 12 19 6 8 - 50 91 9 1 3 2 1 - 7 2 5 2 6 9 2 1 - - 15 19 9 - 29 6 18 - 6 - 10 9 6 1 1 2 1 1 - 1 - 6 7 7 - 8 - 6 6 - 3 * 5 1 9 - 1 1 1 - - 5 i 9 17 2 15 32 12 20 21 3 18 33 9 29 29 12 12 9 1 3 12 12 9 - 22 11 11 18 6 12 35 10 25 8 2 2 18 16 - 5 1 9 8 8 16 16 2 10 10 9 22 22 9 18 13 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 6 2 2 2 2 2 _ - 4 16 16 2 • - 9 20 12 29 19 3 29 22 19 3 3 3 5 5 5 * i and under 90 100 llo - - - - - 300 320 5 3 3 5 5 - - 2 1 1 1 • - _ - 280 ALL WORKERS $ 3 9 .5 172.50 3 9 .5 182.50 3 9 .5 166* 5o 3 9.0 2 0 5 .0 0 $ 165.00 179.00 157.00 199.00 $ $ 1 9 3 .5 0 -1 9 7 .5 0 1 9 9 .0 0 -2 1 9 .0 0 1 9 0 .0 0 - 1 8 3 .So 1 6 5 .0 0 -2 5 5 .0 0 PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ------------------------- 959 172 287 61 SECRETARIES., CLASS 8 ----------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 78 29 99 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 9 0 .0 170.00 170.00 1 3 1 .5 0 -2 0 0 .5 0 160.00 187.50 1 7 0 .0 0 -2 0 1 .5 0 169.50 150.00 1 3 1 .5 0 -2 0 0 .0 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS C ----------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------- 190 70 123 3 9 .5 3 9.0 9 0 .0 172.50 165.00 1 9 9 ,0 0 -1 9 9 .0 0 1 9 1 .0J 1 90.00 1 5 7 .5 0 -2 1 8 .0 0 162.50 160.00 1 9 1 .0 0 -1 7 5 .0 0 - * - - - - 1 2 SECRETARIES, CLASS 0 -------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTUPING -------------------------- 156 b9 87 3 9 . u 167.00 1 53.00 1 3 9 .0 0 -1 9 7 .5 0 3 9 .5 170.00 162.00 1 9 3 .0 0 -1 9 7 .5 0 3 9.0 165.00 151.00 1 3 9 .0 0 -1 6 5 .5 0 - _ - 9 15 - 2 2 - 9 - ii STENOGRAPHERS ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------------- 139 125 3 9 .5 159.00 151.00 1 2 6 .0 0 -1 7 6 .0 0 3 9 .5 157.00 1 93.00 1 2 6 .0 0 -1 6 6 .0 0 3 9 .5 189.00 165.00 1 5 1 .0 0 -2 5 7.50 - 2 - 2 18 18 4b - 1 - 20 20 1 STENOGRAPHERS, GENEPa L ----------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------------- 89 85 27 3 9 .5 159.50 135.00 1 2 3 .5 0 -1 6 7 .0 0 3 9 .5 153.00 131.50 1 2 1 .0 0 -1 9 3 .3 0 3 9 .5 2 0 0 .5 0 2 05 .50 1 9 0 .0 0 -2 7 1 .3 0 _ “ - 2 2 1 18 18 STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR -------- ---------- 95 3 9 .5 166.50 165.00 1 6 3 .5 0 -1 7 6 .0 0 - TYPISTS ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------------- 212 153 90 3 9 .0 3 9.0 3 9 .0 136.50 128.00 1 1 6 .5 0 -1 5 3 .0 0 131.50 126.00 1 1 0 .5 0 -1 9 2 .0 0 160.00 153.50 1 9 2 .0 0 -1 8 9 .5 0 - TYPISTS, CLASS A ------------------------------ 97 3 9 .5 162.50 1 80.00 1 3 6 .0 0 -1 8 0 .0 0 TYPISTS, CLASS B -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ------------------------- 165 137 36 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 129.00 129.50 163.00 FILE CLERKS -------------------------------------------- 107 100 3 9.0 3 9 .0 SECRETARIES -------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------- 84 3 9.0 SWITCHBOARO OPERATORS ------------------------ 66 3 9 .5 SWITCHBOARO OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING-------------------------- ------ 199 39 99 5 5 - - * - - - - 9 1 2 20 20 1 - 4 8 8 4 4 2 4 9 30 27 - 3 - - - 10 10 - - - 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 - _ - _ - - 1 1 1 • 2 1 1 8 9 9 30 5 5 t> 6 6 2 2 - . - - 2 - - 2 - <L - 9 - - 1 19 - - - - - 1 19 2 2 2 n n - - 2 2 2 n n n • - - 11 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - • - _ - _ - - . - - - - - - - - - - 8 8 1 2 1 - 25 - 125.00 1 1 0 .0 0 -1 9 0 .5 0 126.00 1 0 3 .0 0 -1 9 0 .3 0 161.50 1 9 9 .5 0 -1 8 9 .0 0 . - 2 2 39 35 1 30 23 2 31 25 16 11 23 21 13 1 1 I 9 9 9 8 9 9 5 5 5 6 6 6 - - - - - 103.50 1 02.00 1 0 0 .0 0 -1 0 8 .5 0 - 67 9 9 6 1 1 - . . 2 1 - • 126.00 - 16 16 9 8 3 6 6 2 _ - 12 96 1 33 19 20 9 13 - - - 1 1 - 28 15 19 - - - 39 27 17 13 - - - 30 23 2 - - 2 2 - - - 9 9 - 39 35 1 2 2 - . _ - _ _ - _ 13 120.00 1 1 0 .0 0 -1 9 0 .0 0 3 9 .5 125.50 120.00 1 1 2 .0 0 -1 3 5 .0 0 3 9 .5 191.50 130.00 1 2 7 .0 0 -1 6 2 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 -1 9 5 .0 0 3 9 .5 117.00 - 10 1 Q See footnotes at end o f tables. * 4 3 15 3 - 27 9 1 2 2 8 6 1 - . - • - • . • • Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Va.—N.C., May 1977—Continued W eek ly earnings1 (standard) and under o 80 M iddle range 2 M edian 2 $ s S t S % s $ S $ $ $ S $ lo o 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 23o 240 250 260 280 300 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 280 300 320 37 11 26 77 18 59 47 11 36 40 1 39 29 3 26 57 9 48 23 8 15 22 4 18 11 5 2 10 10 - - - - • - 6 20 15 5 2 - - 2 - - - - 2 5 3 2 8 2 6 6 14 2 12 29 5 24 14 5 14 19 15 2 - 11 5 10 10 • - - • - - 4 11 1 10 9 14 6 4 2 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - | $ M ean 2 sD N um ber o f v/orkers re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e w eek ly earnings o f ---- 90 O Average w eekly hours1 (standard) o Occupation and in du stry d iv is io n Number of workers 110 - * 19 16 3 41 17 24 - - 1 - - 1 ALL WORKERS-CONTINUED ORDER CLERKS - CONTINUED $ $ $ $ ACCOUNTING CLERKS ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------- 437 128 309 3 9 .5 1 44.50 3 9 .5 148.00 4 0 .0 143.50 ACCOUNTING CLERKS, CLASS A ---------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------- 147 3 9 .5 172.00 1 68.50 1 5 6 .0 0 -1 9 4 .5 0 3 9 .5 186.00 199.50 1 6 7 .0 0 -2 0 7 .5 0 3 9 .5 16A . 50 1 61.00 1 5 0 .0 0 -1 8 0 .0 0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS, SI 96 1 39.00 1 2 0 .0 0 -1 6 6 .0 0 1 34.50 1 0 9 .0 0 -1 8 8 .5 0 14A.00 1 2 1 .0 0 -1 6 1 .0 0 • 19 39 32 69 41 29 15 28 9 8 • 1 - 3 23 24 53 32 29 14 24 6 4 - 1 3 9 .5 153.00 3 9 .5 155 .00 146.00 1 2 8 .5 0 -1 6 9 .5 0 148.00 1 3 9 .0 0 -1 6 3 .0 0 - 3 3 1 1 2 2 6 8 8 7 * 9 6 6 - 10 6 4 - - - 31S 36 3 8 .5 3 9.0 119.00 151.00 112.50 1 33.00 57 3 48 7 45 6 20 4 40 3 9 1 . 10 3 * - 9 - - - 104 82 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 138.00 124.50 1 30.50 122.00 17 15 3 34 31 4 2 24 29 6 - - 10 3 3 290 4 0 .0 131.00 213 4 0 .0 134.00 1 30.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 36 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS ------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------- ------------ ------KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A --------- PAYROLL CLERKS m a n u f a c t u r in g CLASS B 1 2 8 .0C 1 1 5 .0 0 -1 4 5 .0 0 “ - 9 9 .5 0 -1 3 0 .0 0 1 1 8 .0 0 -1 8 8 .5 0 - 80 - - 1 2 1 .5 0 -1 4 4 .0 0 1 2 1 .0 0 -1 4 0 .0 0 - See footnotes at end o f tables. - 1 2 0 .0 0 -1 4 7 .n 0 -------------- ------------------------------------ NONMANUFACTURING 2 - 4 4 2 • 2 - - - - - 1 1 _ 2 2 - - - 1 1 - 2 1 Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Norfolk—Virginia Beach— Portsmouth, Va.—N.C., May 1977 W eek ly earnings1 ( standard) Number of workers Occupation and in du stry d iv is io n N um ber o f w o rk ers re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e w eek ly earning s o f--$ A verage w eekly hours1 [standard) M ea n 2 M edian 2 M iddle range 2 S s 90 S s $ s S S S $ i $ s S $ 100 no 120 130 190 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330 no 120 130 190 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330 350 7 9 $ S 370 350 % 390 S S 910 930 and under 100 370 390 910 930 950 ALL WORKERS COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS $ $_ $ _ $__ 260 * 0 0 "3 2 7 .00 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS VDUw IrlLOJ) # ♦ LLA J J L ® COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (BUSINESS) ----- 35 3 9 .5 26 3 9 .o 239 .0 0 67 9 0 .0 399 .00 2 3 8 .0 0 290 .0 0 2 3 6 .5 0 2 1 7 .0 0 -2 6 9 .5 0 - - - - - - - - - - 9 9 2 9 20 7 7 3 9 1 - - - - 1 3 3 - - - - - - - 1 - - - 2 - 1 2 2 - - - COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (d U S IN E S S ) , 32 COMPUTER OPERATORS ---------------------------- 3 9 .5 293 .5 0 2 36 .50 2 2 6 .5 0 -2 9 7 .0 0 192 3 9 .5 169.00 162 4 0 .0 162.03 67 9 0 .0 169.00 176I 00 169.00 1 6 3 .0 0 186.50 1 6 3 .5 0 -1 7 9 .0 0 87 4 0 .0 1 4 b .50 1 3 5 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 - 163.50 189.00 162.00 1 9 5 .0 0 -1 7 7 .0 0 - 6 - 1 1 1 9 5 .0 0 - 179.00 - - - 1 - 9 15 23 39 65 35 4 9 10 39 S7 24 32 19 1 22 i 1 162.00 162.00 l “ 19 ” 25 “ ?~ * 1 * " 1 J2 38 3 9 .5 172.50 2 28 .00 2 0 5 .0 0 -3 1 2 .3 0 189.03 1 9 9 .0 0 -2 0 0 .3 3 6 7 33 See footnotes at end o f tables. 5 2 “ 5 20 13 1 * Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex, in Norfolk— Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Va. —N.C., May 1977 A verage (m e a n 2 ) Sex, 3 occupation, and in du stry d iv is io n OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Number of workers W eekly hours [standard) W eekly earnings* (standard) A v erage (m e a n 2) S e x ,3 occupation, and industry division W eek ly hours1 [standard) W eekly earnings* (standard) A verage (m e a n 2 ) Sex, 3 occupation, and in du stry d ivis io n OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED WOMEN $ c-*. r- Number of workers W eekly hours* standard) W eek ly earnings* (standard) PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN r-r-. T^ r-rwf- 166*00 FILE CLERKS# CLASS C --------------------3 9 .5 Number of workers 170.00 100 3 9 .0 106.50 66 84 39 .0 39 .0 103.50 104.00 76 299 .50 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS l bU«) 1Nt j j / ? ULAbb A ™^ 49 2 42 .00 39*5 iCH.D'J A 1 J.QU 115 3 9 .5 121.00 48 3 9 .5 UUHrU1LH U rtK A 1UKbi LLAbb U B7 steno graphers, __ general STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR N U N WAiMUr ACI U K I "iO n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------PUBLIC U T I l I T I i i S ------ — — -------- Tw^ f T , ^ 75 4 0 .0 118.00 39*5 143.00 146.03 144.00 302 3 9 .5 39 .5 166.50 165.00 211 153 43 3 9 .0 39.0 39 .0 136.5'J 131.50 16u.0C 47 3 9 .5 162.50 3 6 .5 3 8 .5 129 00 129.50 163.00 U 11 L 1 1IL b — 137 36 3 9 .5 ACCOUNTING CLERKS, CLASS B ---------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------- 290 77 <*0*0 131.00 3 9 .5 1 2 2 .5C — ------------------------------- 51 33 3 9 .5 39 .0 149.50 150.00 36 38 .5 39.0 119.00 151.00 clerks * t Y 'U r i L 'i Ur m 1U K j f LL AJ j A See footn otes at end of tables. 6 UN Ar| 39 .5 2 46 .00 ___ 142.60 135 payro ll 154.0 0 117.00 425 45 40 ^ NONMAn UFACTURin g ^ U b L lt 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 1 7 6 .CC 3 9 .5 39 99 196.00 169.59 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN NONHANUF a CTUR 1NG U U H r U 1L H U* t 1' A 1 U H b f 3 9.5 U LAj j O 159.50 Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Norfolk— Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Va. —N.C., May 1977 Num ber o f w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnings of— Hourly earnings 4 t Occupation and industry division workers S 3 .1 0 $ 3.2 0 S S 3 .3 0 3.4 0 $ 3.6 0 3.1 0 3 .2 0 3.3 0 3 .4 o 3.6 0 3.6 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 - - - - 1 1 - 3 3 - 8 8 - - 10 10 - - - - - - - . - - 2 2 - - - 3 3 3 3 4 4 8 8 - 26 26 - - 6 6 20 20 - - 23 23 - 17 9 8 8 1 9 - 1 - 1 8 - - - - 7 - - - “ * * $ 3.0 0 UM.U. Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 S S $ $ $ $ $ 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .80 5 .0 0 S 5.2 0 s 6.6 0 i r.o o S T ------ 3----7. 40 7.8 0 8 . 2 0 8.6 3 6 .6 0 7.0 0 rt 4(i 7.8ft 8 . 2 0 s $ 5 .4 3 5 .8 3 6.2 3 and under 4 .6 0 4 .80 5 • no 5.2 0 3.40 5.8 0 6 .2 0 8.6 0 9.0 0 26 26 - ALL WORKERS MAINTENANCE ELECTRICIANS ----------------MANUFACTURING---- ---------------------— NONMANUFACTUxlNG ------------- — -------- 116 62 34 $ 6 .9 2 6.80 7.2 3 6 .6 6 6 .6 6 7 .1 6 $ 5 .9 0 5 .1 ? b . 77- MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS --------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------- M2 35 5 .9 2 5 .6 6 5 .5 5 5 .7 5 5# 0 3 - 6 «6 6 5 .0 8 - 6 .6 6 . - - - - - MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MACHINERY) MANUFACTURING ---------- --------------------NONMANUFACTUhlNG ---- -------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------------- 264 226 36 26 5 .7 6 5 .4 8 7.3 9 7.4 5 5 .7 5 5 .5 3 7 .2 0 7 .1 6 4 .8 9 4 .6 9 7 .1 6 7 .1 6 - 6 .3 7 6 .3 7 7 .6 2 7 .9 9 . - - . - - - - - 2o7 5 .8 3 5 .4 5 5 .9 4 5 .9 2 5 .8 7 5 .0 2 6 .3 5 6 .3 5 5 .0 2 4 .2 3 5 .5 3 5 .8 7 - 6 .5 8 5 .3 b 6.6 0 6 .6 6 - - 4 7 - - 1 6 - - 2 2 4 - 2 2 . - 2 - 163 133 4 6 8 8 MAINTENANCE TRACES HELPERS ------------- 37 4 .3 8 3 .9 5 3 .9 3 - 4 .6 5 - - - - 6 2 14 - BOILER TENDERS ----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------- ---------- ---------- 26 4 .9 1 4 .9 1 3 .8 8 3 .8 6 3 .7 9 - 5 .7 0 3 .7 9 - 5 .7 0 6 6 - 3 3 7 7 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS ( MOTCrt VEHICLES) ----------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------------- ----n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g -------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------------- See footnotes at end o f ta b les. 44 26 $ $ 7 .9 9 8 .6 5 7 .9 9 - - - - 2 - - - - - 3 16 12 18 14 4 10 2 2 2 4 3 3 15 2 1 a - 14 * 3 3 9 4 2 2 2 2 7 7 _ 4 4 3 - “ 11 11 21 80 1 - 18 18 - * 17 17 17 * 17 17 9 2 2 6 5 9 7 11 - - 11 4 1 1 * ~ 10 6 86 5 i • 84 34 34 34 2 - 1 1 1 9 7 1 - 1 - 6 1 - 4 4 • - 1 2 44 28 1 4 * " . ” * 9 * 5 5 9 - - 44 26 30 28 - - - - - - - * . “ * - * 5 5 • - 1 11 • Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Norfolk—Virginia Beach— Portsmouth, Va. —N.C., May 1977 Hourly earnings 4 Occupation and industry d ivision of workers Mean 2 Median2 Middle range ^ Number of worke rs receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— % a> S $ * $ * a> $ $ s $ S * S * 5 s $ $ $ 2.3 0 2 . 4 0 2 . 5 0 2.6 0 2.7 0 2 . 9 0 3.1 0 3 . 3 0 3 . 5 0 3 .7 0 3 . 9 0 4 .1 0 4 . 3 0 4 . 5 0 4 .7 0 5 .10 5 . 5 0 5 . 9 0 6 . 3 0 6 . 7 0 7.1 0 7 .50 7. 90 and under 2.4 0 2 . 5 0 2 . 6 0 2.7 0 2.9 0 3 .10 3.30 3,5 0 3.7 0 3 .9 0 4 . 1 0 4 .3 0 4 . 5 0 4 . 7 0 b. 10 5 .53 5.9 0 6.3 0 6 . 7 j 7, 10 7.5 3 7.9 3 8.3.1 ALL WORKERS TRUCKCRIVERS ------------------------- — --------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S --------- — --------- 1.6 2 2 249 1,3 7 3 425 $ 4.36 4.47 4.34 6.05 $ 3.95 4.55 3.80 6.50 $ .-$ 2 .8 8 - 6.44 4 .1 3 - 4.55 2 .6 0 “ 6.50 3 .9 6 - 6.50 5d 58 11 11 115 6 ly 9 TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT TRUCK -----------NONMANUFACTURING----------------- -------- 264 263 2.68 2.62 2.50 2.50 2 .5 0 “ 2.88 2 .5 0 - 2.88 48 48 11 11 90 90 TRUCKDRIVERS. MEDIUM TRUCK ---------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------- 67S 73 605 3.9 1 4.60 3.82 3.50 4.13 3.50 2 .6 0 - 4.50 3 .7 5 - 5.95 2 .6 0 ” 4.50 10 - TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK (TR A ILE R ) -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING----------------------- -------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ----------------------- 412 53 359 230 5.27 4.5 1 5.38 4.93 5.00 4.82 6.50 3.96 3.963.853.963.96- TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK (OTHER THAN TRAILER) ----------- ------- 161 4.10 4.45 SHIPPING CLERKS --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------- 89 82 4.26 4.23 4.38 4.38 RECEIVING CLERKS --------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------ --------- 106 78 4.98 4.28 4.22 4.13 4 .0 5 - 6.27 4.0 0 ” 4.85 * - • SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS NONMANUFACTURING ---------------- 56 44 4.14 3.85 4.38 3.85 2 .8 5 - 5.00 2 .8 5 - 5.00 * * - - WAREHOUSEMEN -----------------MANUFACTURING ----------NONMANUFACTURING -----PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S - 288 150 138 89 4.74 4.24 5.28 5.71 4.11 4.11 4.12 3.91 4.00“ 4.113.913.91- 4.60 4.43 6.76 8.26 6 • 6 6 ” 1 1 - - ORDER FILLERS ------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------- 208 67 4.30 3.55 3.75 3.25 3 .7 5 - 5.77 2 .3 0 “ 4.88 21 21 • 7 7 MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS ~ MANUFACTURING -------- — ------NONMANUFACTURING -------------- 972 418 554 3.75 3.68 3.81 3.42 3.59 2.95 2.7 0 “ 4.28 3.2 0 “ 4.02 2 .7 0 ” 5.40 31 24 7 FORKLIFT OPERATORS ---------------MANUFACTURING — - — ----------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------PUBLIC u t i l i t i e s ----------- 464 268 196 47 4.20 4.44 3.87 4.55 3 .91 4.26 3.90 3 .91 3.51“ 3.882.75“ 3.91- POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS (OTHER THAN FORKLIFT) --------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------- 84 82 4.32 4.29 3 .61 3.61 GUARDS AND WATCHMEN -------------MANUFACTURING -------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------- 253 94 159 3.36 4.06 2.95 3.12 3.87 2.40 6.5 0 5.10 6.55 6.50 10 * - 3 .3 8 - 4.55 - - 3 .8 8 - 4.63 3«88* • * 185 185 100 loo 55 1 54 29 29 53 1 52 97 12 85 107 28 79 34 - 94 94 4 4 4 4 1 - - 4 ” i i 7 1 19 185 185 6 6 51 1 50 23 23 3 3 97 12 85 53 9 44 5 1 4 “ ” “ “ * - 50 15 35 34 o - - - - 49 - - - 1 - 3 3 1 1 16 16 5 5 4 4 4 3 - 2 2 20 20 2 * _ . - “ ” * 1 1 “ 3 1 1 2 2 ” 10 8 2 “ 19 _ " . “ 3 9 - - 3 - 9 6 2 24 8 16 90 16 74 205 35 170 43 1 42 1 1 - - 19 9 10 7 - 42 2 40 3 .6 1 - 4.59 3 .6 1 - 4.59 - ” “ ” 6 6 2 .3 5 - 3.87 3 .1 2 - 4.26 2 .3 0 - 3.25 77 2 75 9 - 11 11 14 14 4.83 4.83 3.96 5.74 2 2 ” 9 7 9 - 9 1 8 See footnotes at end o f ta b les. - 2 2 8 117 6 111 40 6 34 “ 104 75 £9 2 25 13 35 23 12 8 • 8 29 29 11 3 8 111 5 106 106 5 5 ” 27 1 26 “ - - - 24 5 15 15 - 1 1 11 11 2 2 16 lb 23 23 2 1 1 1 4 3 3 - 2 “ 6 6 96 91 33 4 4 ” no * 47 47 40 71 58 13 ” 5 “ 25 8 “ 25 22 3 “ 271 271 174 i i ” 1 1 22 2? - 14 10 4 * 17 15 2 ” 2 2 * 3 3 “ 75 - - - 30 30 8 2 “ 19 18 1 - • _ “ ” ” 2 62 “ 38 25 13 62 40 28 4 24 47 40 7 41 39 22 115 115 * 2 25 24 1 2 17 8 9 4 4 - 38 20 18 51 36 IS 6 76 23 53 24 30 24 6 * 40 40 “ * “ “ “ 42 42 4 4 4 4 1 1 “ 8 8 4 31 10 21 5 3 4 - • - 4 18 18 2 43 29 14 5 4 5 . * - 10 lb 3 3 “ 12 - 4 14 14 8 8 - - tL - 4 4 - 22 22 - - - - 2 - - - - - “ i i - 26 - - - - - “ - 5 5 _ 5 _ • 33 5 - “ 33 _ _ “ “ “ 6 13 13 - 12 36 - - - 13 12 36 63 o3 - 2 2 * 43 4 . ” 9 5 5 - 33 • _ - - “ ” 5 96 5 96 19 19 “ - ” • - 43 17 • • “ - 29 29 • “ ” “ . - 2 “ “ “ 13 13 - “ 15 13 2 1 - 3 - 2 • 67 4 9 - 3 1 13 - 155 _ 155 90 3 3 33 - 2 2 2 2 - 21 12 1 1 “ “ . “ 116 116 - 28 28 - 6 - 11 11 • 105 105 105 6 1 - 3 3 1 1 “ 24 24 - 1 - 3 • - - _ _ _ 1 “ - Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Portsmouth, Va.—N.C., May 1977— Continued N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— 1 $ $ $ 1 $ 3 s $ $ Hourly earnings * t S S S S s S S s S I » 4 .1 0 4 .3 0 4 .5 0 4 .7 0 5 .1 0 5 .5 0 5 .9 0 6 .3 0 6 .70 7 .10 7 .5 0 7 .9 0 3 . 90 4 .1 0 4 .3 0 4 .5 0 4 .7 0 5 .1 (1 5 .5 0 5 .9 0 6 .3 0 6 .7 0 7 . IQ 7 .5 0 7 .9 0 8 .3 0 5 29 31 7 19 5 2 2 - 18 - - - 11 1 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .9 0 3 .1 0 3 .3 0 3 .5 0 3. 2 .4 0 2,5ft 2 .6 0 2 . 7 fl 2 .9 0 3 .1 0 3 .3 0 3f 5q 3 .7 0 194 14 124 24 65 53 31 44 13 2 .3 0 Mean 2 M edian 2 M iddle range 2 Beach— 3 .9 0 5 Number of O ccu p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n N o r fo lk —Virginia 70 and under ALL WORKERS— CONTINUED GUARDS AND WATCHMEN— CONTINUED WATCHMENl $ $ $ $ 2 .6 4 2 .3 0 - 3 .3 3 3 .4 2 JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS ------- 687 3 .0 3 * i j * 37 4 .4 4 3 .5 0 - 1 4 .8 1 See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s . 9 1J 7 1 7 Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers, by sex. in N o rfo lk—V irg inia B each—Portsm outh, V a .—N .C ., M a y 1977 Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n M AINTENAN C E. POWERPLANT TOOLROOM, O CCU PATIO NS Number of workers A v erage (m e a n 2 ) hourly earnings4 AND - Number of workers Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n A verage (m e a n * ) hourly earnings 4 M A T E R I A L M OVEM EN T AND C U S T O D I A L OCCU PATIONS ME N— C O N T I N U E D ME N $ $ 75 35 j.0 6 ' 7' 4 .2 4 PUBLIC U T ILIT IE S ------------------------------------- 26 7 .4 5 UKULK I IA AN | L— *1M1. VL. r U K IS L 1' * j 4*30 -------------------------------------------- 240 3 .3 5 -------- 391 3 .2 8 ---------------------------------------------------- 112 4 .0 7 " "" " " Ur t K / l | UKJ M OVEM EN T AND "• ■■ ■■ , POW ER-TRUCK M ATERIAL 208 i I L L l Kj 11_w11M1 OPERATORS (OTHER CUSTO D IAL GUARDS A ND WATCH ME N 1 .369 - NONM ANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------- 249 2*61 rr JA N ITO RS. PORTERS. M ANUFACTURING AND CLEANERS * J TRUCK DR IVERS. HEAVY 4 .0 7 TRUCK 3J NONM ANUFACTURING PUBLIC ------------------------------------------- 3S9 5 .3 8 ------------------------------------- 230 4 .9 3 U T ILIT IE S JANITO RS. . See fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta b le s . 10 PORTERS. A ND CLEANERS -------- 296 2 .7 0 Table A -7. P ercent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for em plo ym ent shifts, for selected occupational groups in N o rfo lk — V irg inia B each—P ortsm outh, V a .—N .C ., for selected periods M a y 19*75 to M a y 19*76 In d u s try and o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p 5 A l l in d u s tr ie s : O ffic e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g In d u s tr ia l n u rs e s .... _ S k ille d m a in te n a n c e tr a d e s U n s k ille d p lan t w o r k e r s 6.4 (6) (6) M a n u fa c tu rin g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l ____ E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g . . . . In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s ____ S k ille d m a in te n a n c e tr a d e s U n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g In d u s tr ia l n u rs e s ___ _ U n s k ille d p lan t w o r k e r s _ __ ____ 7.5 (6 ) ( 6) 7.5 7.0 6.2 7.2 (6) (6) (6) 8.3 10.4 (6) (6) ( 6) 6.1 9.2 6.0 7.1 ( 6) ( 6) _ ............... M a y 1976 to M a y 1977 5.5 (6) (6) 6.0 Footnotes1 2 1 S ta n d a rd h o u rs r e fle c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la rie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r tim e a t r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s ), and th e e a rn in g s c o rre s p o n d to th e se w e e k ly h o u rs . 2 T he m e a n is c o m p u te d f o r each jo b b y to ta lin g th e e a rn in g s o f a l l w o r k e r s and d iv id in g by th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s p o s itio n — h a lf o f th e w o rk e r s r e c e iv e th e sam e o r m o re and h a lf r e c e iv e th e sa m e o r le s s th a n th e r a te show n. T he m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y tw o ra te s o f pay; a f o u r th o f th e w o rk e r s e a rn the sam e o r le s s th a n the lo w e r o f th e s e ra te s and a fo u r th e a rn the sam e o r m o re th a n th e h ig h e r ra te . 3 E a rn in g s da ta r e la te o n ly to w o r k e r s w h ose sex id e n t if ic a t io n w a s p r o v i d e d by the e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w o rk on w e e ke n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . 5 E s tim a te s f o r p e rio d s end ing p r io r to 1976 r e la te to m e n o n ly f o r s k ille d m a in te n a n c e and u n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s . A l l o th e r e s tim a te s r e la te to m e n and w o m en . 6 D a ta do n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a o r data n o t a v a ila b le . 11 Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey Data on a r e a w a g e s and r e l a t e d b e n e f its a r e ob ta ined b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u re au f i e l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . In e a c h o f the i n t e r v e n i n g y e a r s , inform atior. on e m p l o y m e n t and o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n i n g s is c o l l e c t e d b y a c o m b i n a ti o n o f p e r s o n a l v i s i t , m a i l q u e s t i o n n a i r e , and t e l e phone i n t e r v i e w f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p a r t i c i p a t i n g in the p r e v i o u s s u r v e y . In eac h o f the 74 1 a r e a s c u r r e n t l y s u r v e y e d , data a r e ob ta ined f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c tu r in g ; tr a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a j o r i n d u s t r y g ro u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th es e stu dies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and the c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e in d u s t r i e s . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d num ber o f w o r k e r s a r e om itted because o f insufficient e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n s studied. S e p a r a t e ta b ula tion s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r each o f the b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h ich m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e condu cted on a s a m p l e b a s i s . T h e s a m p lin g p r o c e d u r e s i n v o l v e d e t a i l e d s t r a t i f i c a t i o n o f a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f an in d iv id u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y i n d u s tr y and n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s . F r o m this s t r a t i f i e d u n i v e r s e a p r o b a b i l i t y s a m p l e is s e l e c t e d , w ith each e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v in g a p r e d e t e r m i n e d chance o f s e l e c t i o n . T o ob ta in o p tim u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t, a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e than s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d . W hen data a r e c o m b in e d , e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t is w e i g h t e d a c c o r d i n g to it s p r o b a b i l i t y o f s e l e c t i o n , so that unbiased e s t i m a t e s a r e g e n e r a t e d . F o r e x a m p l e , i f one out o f f o u r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d , i t is g i v e n a w e i g h t o f 4 to r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f plus t h r e e o t h e r s . A n a l t e r n a t e o f the s a m e o r i g i n a l p r o b a b i l i t y is c hosen in the s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i f data a r e no t a v a i l a b l e f r o m the o r i g i n a l s a m p le m e m b e r . I f no suitab le sub stitute is a v a i l a b l e , a d d itio n a l w e i g h t is a s s i g n e d to a s a m p le m e m b e r that is s i m i l a r to the m i s s i n g unit. O c c u p a tio n s and e a r n in g s O c c u p a tio n s s e l e c t e d f o r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c tu r in g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the f o l l o w i n g t y p e s : (1) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and te c h n i c a l ; (3) m ain te n a n c e , t o o l r o o m , and p o w e r p l a n t ; and (4) m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s to d i a l . O c c u p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to take a ccoun t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in duties w it h in the s a m e job . O ccupation s s e l e c t e d f o r study a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in ap p e n d ix B. 1 In c lu d e d in th e 7 4 a re a s a re 4 stu d ie s c o n d u c t e d b y t h e B u rea u u n d e r c o n t r a c t . O h io ; B ir m in g h a m , A l a . ; N o r fo lk — V ir g in i a S yracu se, N .Y . B e a c h — P o rts m o u th an d In a d d itio n , th e B u re a u c o n d u c ts m o re l i m i t e d re q u e s t o f th e E m p lo y m e n t S ta n d a rd s A d m in is t r a t io n o f t h e U . S . T h e s e a re a s a re A k r o n , N e w p o r t N e w s — H a m p to n , V a . — N. C . ; and a r e a s tu d ie s in a p p r o x im a t e ly 100 a re a s a t th e D e p a r tm e n t o f L a b o r. U n l e s s o t h e r w i s e in d ic a te d , the e a r n i n g s data f o l l o w i n g the job titles a r e fo r a ll industries com bined. E a r n i n g s data f o r s o m e o f the o c c u p atio n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w ith in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y , a r e not p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s tab le s b e c a u s e e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n is to o s m a l l to p r o v i d e eno ugh data to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f i n d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t data. S e p a r a t e m e n ' s and w o m e n ' s e a r n i n g s data a r e no t p r e s e n t e d when the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s not i d e n t i f i e d b y s e x is 20 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f the m e n o r w o m e n i d e n t i f i e d in an oc c u p atio n . E a r n i n g s data not shown s e p a r a t e l y f o r in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s a r e in c lu d e d in data f o r a l l industries com bined. L i k e w i s e , f o r oc c u p atio n s w ith m o r e than one l e v e l , data a r e in c lu d e d in the o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n wh en a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is not shown o r i n f o r m a t i o n to s u b c l a s s i f y is not a v a i l a b l e . O c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s data a r e shown f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th ose h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y sc h e d u le . E arn in gs data e x c lu d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and la t e s h ifts . N o n p r o d u c ti o n b on uses a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a l l o w a n c e s and i n c e n t i v e bonuses a r e in clu d ed . W e e k l y ho u rs f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l oc c u p a tio n s r e f e r to the s ta n dard w o r k w e e k (r ou n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r an d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s f o r th e s e oc c up atio ns a r e rounded to the n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r . V e r t i c a l l i n e s w ith in the d i s tr i b u t i o n o f w o r k e r s on s o m e A - t a b l e s i n d ic a te a chan ge in the s i z e o f the c la s s i n t e r v a l s . T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e the l e v e l o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s in an a r e a at a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r i s o n s o f i n d iv id u a l o c c u p a ti o n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r t i m e m a y no t r e f l e c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s . T h e a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l jobs a r e a f f e c t e d b y ch an ge s in w a g e s and e m p l o y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F o r exam ple, p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y h i g h - o r l o w - w a g e f i r m s m a y change, o r h i g h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e t t e r jo b s and be r e p l a c e d b y new w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s . Such shifts in e m p l o y m e n t could d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n though m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g the y e a r . C h an ge s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s , shown in ta b le A - 7 , a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e tr e n d s than a r e e a r n i n g s changes f o r i n d iv id u a l jo b s w ith in the g r o u p s . A v e r a g e e a r n i n g s r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w i d e e s t i m a t e s . I n d u s tr ie s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and jo b s ta f f in g , and thus c on trib u te d i f f e r e n t l y to the e s t i m a t e s f o r eac h j o b . P a y a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l to r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e l y the w a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l am o n g jo b s in i n d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n s should no t be a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y o f the s e x e s w it h in in d iv id u a l establish m en ts. F a c t o r s w h ich m a y c on trib u te to d i f f e r e n c e s inclu de p r o g r e s s i o n w it h in e s t a b l i s h e d r ate r a n g e s (o n l y the r a t e s paid in cum b ents a r e c o l l e c t e d ) and p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c duties w ith in the g e n e r a l s u r v e y job d e s c r i p t i o n s . Job d e s c r i p t i o n s used to c l a s s i f y e m p l o y e e s in th es e s u r v e y s u s u a l l y a r e m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d than th os e used in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s am on g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c duties pe r f o r m e d . E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g S k i l l e d m a in te n a n c e C om puter system s a n a ly s ts , c l a s s e s A , B, and C Com puter p r o g r a m m e r s , c l a s s e s A , B, and C C om pu ter op e ra to rs , c l a s s e s A , B, and C C arpenters E lectrician s Pain ters M achinists M ech anics (m a ch in ery) M ech anics (m o to r v e h ic le ) P ip efitters T o o l and die m a k e r s O c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the to t a l in a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and no t the n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o c c u p a tio n a l s t r u c t u r e s am on g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r , e s t i m a t e s of o c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t ob ta in ed f r o m the s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s studied s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a te the r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f the job s stu died. These d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s t r u c tu r e do not a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n i n g s data. Indu strial nurses U n s k i l l e d plant R e g is t e r e d industrial nurses J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and cle a n e r s M a t e r i a l handling l a b o r e r s W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s p r e s e n t e d in t a b le A - 7 a r e b a s e d on changes in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f m e n and w o m e n in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g the tr e n d jo b s in both the c u r r e n t and p r e v i o u s y e a r (m a tc h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) . T h e data a r e adju ste d to r e m o v e the e f f e c t s on a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f e m p l o y m en t shifts am on g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s included in s u r v e y s a m p l e s . T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , a r e s t i l l a f f e c t e d by f a c t o r s o t h e r than w a g e i n c r e a s e s . H i r i n g s , l a y o f f s , and t u r n o v e r m a y a f f e c t an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a v e r a g e f o r an oc c u p a tio n wh en w o r k e r s a r e p aid u n d e r plans p r o v i d i n g a rang e o f w a g e r a t e s f o r in d iv id u a l j o b s . In p e r i o d s o f i n c r e a s e d h i r i n g , f o r e x a m p l e , n e w e m p l o y e e s m a y e n t e r at the b o tt o m o f the ran g e , d e p r e s s i n g the a v e r a g e with out a change in w a g e r a t e s . T h e p e r c e n t ch an ge s r e l a t e to w a g e ch an ge s b e tw e e n the in d ic a te d d a te s . When the t i m e span b e tw e e n s u r v e y s is o t h e r than 12 m onths, annual r a t e s a r e shown. ( i t is a s s u m e d that w a g e s i n c r e a s e at a con stant r ate b e tw e e n s u r v e y s . ) P e r c e n t c h a n ge s f o r i as f o l l o w s : areas in the p r o g r a m are c om pute d 1. A v e r a g e e a r n i n g s a r e c o m p u te d f o r e a c h oc c u p atio n f o r the 2 y e a r s b e in g c o m p a r e d . T h e a v e r a g e s a r e d e r i v e d f r o m e a r n i n g s in th o s e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h ich a r e in the s u r v e y both y e a r s ; i t is a s s u m e d that e m p l o y m e n t r e m a i n s unchan ged. 2. E a c h oc c u p a tio n is a s s i g n e d a w e i g h t b as e d on its p r o p o r t i o n a t e e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p in the base year. 3. T h e s e w e i g h t s a r e u s e d to c om p ute g ro u p a v e r a g e s . E a c h o c c u p a t i o n 's a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s (c o m p u te d in step 1) is m u l t i p l i e d b y its w e i g h t . T h e p ro d u c ts a r e to ta le d to obta in a g ro u p a v e r a g e . 4. T h e r a t i o o f g ro u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s is c o m p u te d b y d i v id in g the a v e r a g e f o r the c u r r e n t y e a r b y the a v e r a g e f o r the e a r l i e r y e a r . The result— e x p r es s e d as a p e r c e n t — l e s s 100 is the p e r c e n t change. O c c u p a tio n s u s e d to c om p u te w a g e t r e n d s a r e : O ffic e c le r ic a l O f f i c e c l e r i c a l — Con tinued S e c reta rie s Sten ograph ers, gen eral Sten ogra ph ers, sen ior T yp ists, classes A and B F ile c le rk s , classes A, B, and C M essengers Sw itchboard op e r a to r s O r d e r c le rk s , cla sses A and B A c c o u n ti n g c l e r k s , c l a s s e s A and B B ookkeepin g-m achin e o p e r a to r s , class B P a y r o ll clerk s K e yp u n c h o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s e s A and B F o r a m o r e d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n o f the m eth od used to c om p u te th es e w a g e t r e n d s , s ee " I m p r o v i n g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y I n d e x e s , " M o n th ly L a b o r R e v i e w , J a n u a r y 1973, pp. 52-57. E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s T a b u l a ti o n s on s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) a r e not p r e s e n t e d in this b u lle tin . I n f o r m a t i o n f o r t h e s e tab u la tion s is c o l l e c t e d at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . T h e s e ta b u la tio n s on m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r i n e x p e r i e n c e d o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s ; s c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s and d a y s; paid h o l i d a y s ; p aid v a c a t i o n s ; and h e alth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p lans a r e p r e s e n t e d (in the B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) in p r e v i o u s b u lle tin s f o r th is a r e a . Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Va. —N.C.,1 May 1977 M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b lis h m e n ts in s c o p e o f stu dy In d u s tr y d iv is io n 2 N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ith in s c o p e o f stu d y 3 ALL DIVISIONS ------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ____________________________________________ NONMANUFACTURING------------- — --------------------------------t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and OTI-tR PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5 --------------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE 6 ---------------------------------------------------RETAIL TRADE6 ---------------------------------------------------------FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE6 ------------SERVICES6 ’ ------------------------------------------------------------------ The 1972 e d it io n o f th e S ta n d a rd In d u s tr ia l N um ber P ercen t 118 7 2 ,8 7 5 100 4 0 ,6 1 6 - 95 310 32 86 2 1 ,6 4 9 5 1 ,2 2 6 30 70 1 5 ,0 9 1 2 5 ,5 2 5 50 50 50 50 50 42 59 114 36 59 17 11 27 10 21 9 ,5 2 5 4 ,8 6 9 2 5 ,2 3 6 5 ,6 8 9 5 ,9 0 7 13 7 35 8 8 6 ,9 8 6 1 ,1 3 4 1 1 ,9 5 3 3 ,0 3 6 2 ,4 1 6 50 C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as used in c la s s if y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n . H o w e v e r , a ll g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a tio n s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 3 In c lu d e s a l l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith t o t a l e m p lo y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m in im u m lim it a t io n . A l l o u tle ts (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in in d u s tr ie s su ch as t r a d e , fin a n c e , au to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , and m o tio n p ic t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. Stu d ied S tu d ied A0 5 1 T h e N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d b y th e O ffic e o f M a n a g e m e n t and B u d g e t th ro u g h F e b r u a r y 1974, c o n s is t s o f C h e s a p e a k e , N o r f o lk , P o r t s m o u t h , S u ffo lk , and V ir g in ia B e a c h C it ie s , V a .; and C u r r it u c k C o u n ty , N .C . T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y " e s t im a t e s sh ow n in th is ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f th e s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f th e la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y . E s t im a t e s a r e not in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r l e v e l s s in c e (1 ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s e s ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r io d s tu d ie d , and (2 ) s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ith in s c o p e o f stu dy 4 4 In c lu d e s a l l w o r k e r s in a l l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith t o t a l e m p lo y m e n t (w ith in th e a r e a ) a t o r a b o v e th e m in im u m lim it a t io n . 5 A b b r e v ia t e d to " p u b lic u t i l i t i e s " in th e A - s e r i e s t a b le s . T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n a r e e x c lu d e d . 6 T h is d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and " n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in th e A - s e r i e s ta b le s . S e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n o f data is not m a d e f o r one o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1 ) E m p lo y m e n t is to o s m a ll t o p r o v id e enou gh d ata to m e r i t s e p a r a t e stu d y , (2 ) th e s a m p le w a s not d e s ig n e d i n i t i a l l y to p e r m it s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , (3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s in s u ffic ie n t o r in a d e q u a te to p e r m it s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , and (4 ) t h e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t d ata. 7 H o te ls and m o t e ls ; la u n d r ie s and o th e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a i r , r e n t a l, and p a r k in g ; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p r o fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s (e x c lu d in g r e lig io u s and c h a r it a b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ); and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . 14 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r i n g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r the B u r e a u ' s w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f i e l d s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g into a p p r o p r i a t e o c c u p a tio n s w o r k e r s who a r e e m p l o y e d un der a v a r i e t y o f p a y r o l l t i t l e s and d i f f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t to e s t a b l i s h men t and f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is p e r m i t s the g ro u p in g o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e r a te s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b l e jo b conte nt. B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a sis on in t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t and i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o c c u p a tio n a l con te nt, the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m th o s e in use in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s . In ap p lyin g t h e s e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s , th e B u r e a u 's f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e i n s tr u c te d to e x c lu d e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t i c e s ; l e a r n e r s ; b e g i n n e r s ; and p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s . H an dic ap p e d w o r k e r s w h o s e e a r n i n g s a r e r e d u c e d b e c a u s e o f t h e i r handicap a r e a ls o e x c lu d e d . T r a i n e e s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the s u r v e y e x c e p t f o r t h o s e r e c e i v i n g o n - t h e - j o b t r a i n i n g in s o m e o f th e l o w e r l e v e l p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l oc c u p a tio n s . Office SECRETARY S E C R E T A R Y — Continued A s s i g n e d as p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y to one i n d iv id u a l. M a in tain s a c l o s e and h i g h l y r e s p o n s i v e r e l a t i o n s h i p to th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f the s u p ervisor. W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e i v i n g a m i n i m u m o f d e t a i l e d s u p e r v i s i o n and g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r i e d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l d u tie s , u s u a lly inc lud in g m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : E xclu sion s answers persons; a. R e c e i v e s te l e p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and r ou tin e i n q u i r i e s , and r o u te s t e c h n i c a l i n q u i r i e s incom in g m a il, to the p r o p e r N o t a l l p o s i t i o n s that a r e t i t l e d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e a b o v e c h a r acte ristics . E x a m p l e s o f p o s i t i o n s w h i c h a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the d e fi n i t i o n a r e as f o l l o w s : a. P o s i t i o n s d e s c rib e d above; b. b. c. in s tr u c te d ; d. E stablishes, m aintains, and r e v i s e s th e s u p e r v i s o r ' s f i l e s ; M a i n t a i n s th e s u p e r v i s o r ' s R e la ys m essages fro m c a l e n d a r and m a k e s a p p o in tm e n ts as s u p e r v i s o r to s u b o r d in a te s ; e. R e v i e w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d a , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d by o t h e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r ' s s i g n a tu r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and t y p o g r a p h i c accuracy; f. P erfo rm s s te n o g r a p h i c and ty p in g w o r k . M a y a l s o p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b l e n a tu r e and d i f f i c u l t y . T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u i r e s k n o w l e d g e o f o f f i c e r ou tin e and u n d e r standin g o f th e o r g a n i z a t i o n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e l a t e d to th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v i s o r . s io n a l, w h ic h do not m eet the " p e r s o n a l " s e c r e t a r y . con ce p t , S t e n o g r a p h e r s not f u l l y t r a i n e d in s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u tie s ; c. S t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v i n g as o f f i c e a s s i s ta n t s to a g ro u p o f p r o f e s tech n ica l, or m a n a g e ria l person s; d. S e c r e t a r y p o s i t i o n s in w h ich th e duties a r e e i t h e r s u b s ta n t ia lly m o r e ro u tin e o r s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e c o m p l e x and r e s p o n s i b l e than t h o s e c h a r a c t e r i z e d in the d e fin itio n ; e. A s s i s t a n t - t y p e p o s i t i o n s w h ich i n v o l v e m o r e d i f fi c u l t o r m o r e resp on sible tech n ica l, a d m in is tra tiv e , s u p e rv is o ry , or sp ec ia liz ed c le r ic a l duties w h ic h a r e not t y p i c a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k . NOTE: T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in the l e v e l d e fin itio n s f o l l o w i n g , r e f e r s to th o s e o f f i c i a l s who h a ve a s i g n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e w i d e p o l i c y m a k i n g r o l e w ith r e g a r d to m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s . The title "v ic e p r e s i d e n t , " though n o r m a l l y i n d i c a t i v e o f th is r o l e , d oe s not in a l l c a s e s SECRE TARY— Continued Exclusions— Continued i d e n t i f y such p o s i t i o n s . V i c e p r e s i d e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is to act p e r s o n a l l y on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t i o n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r deny i n d iv id u a l loa n o r c r e d i t a c tio n s ; a d m i n i s t e r in d iv id u a l tr u s t ac c ou n ts ; d i r e c t l y s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s ta ff) a r e not c o n s i d e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f ap p lyin g the f o l l o w i n g l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s . C lass A 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r than the c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to th e head, i m m e d i a t e l y b e l o w the c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o f a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s i d i a r y o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . C lass B STENOGRAPHER P r i m a r y duty is to ta k e d ic ta tio n using shorthand, and to t r a n s c r i b e th e d ic ta tio n . M a y a l s o t y p e f r o m w r i t t e n c op y . M ay operate fro m a steno g r a p h i c p o o l. M ay occasion ally tra n s c rib e fr o m v o ic e record in gs (if p rim a r y duty is t r a n s c r i b i n g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , s e e T r a n s c r i b i n g - M a c h i n e T y p i s t ) . NOTE: T h i s job is d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a l l y w o r k s in a c o n fi d e n t i a l r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h on ly one m a n a g e r o r e x e c u t i v e and p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s i b l e and d i s c r e t i o n a r y ta s k s as d e s c r i b e d in th e s e c r e t a r y job d e fin itio n . Stenographer, keep General D i c ta ti o n i n v o l v e s a n o r m a l ro u tin e v o c a b u l a r y . M a y m ain ta in f i l e s , s i m p l e r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y routine c l e r i c a l ta s k s . Stenographer, Senior D ic ta tio n i n v o l v e s a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y such as in l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o set up and m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , etc . 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r than the c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r *1 3. S e c r e t a r y to th e head, i m m e d i a t e l y b e l o w the o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r e i t h e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a t i o n w i d e fu n c tio n a l a c t i v i t y ( e . g . , m a r k e t i n g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t i o n s , i n d u s t r i a l r e l a t i o n s , e tc .) o r a m a j o r g e o g r a p h i c o r o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g i o n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d i v i s i o n ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p l o y e e s ; o r 4. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f an in d iv id u a l pla nt, f a c t o r y , e tc . ( o r o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,00 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 5. S e c r e t a r y to th e head o f a l a r g e and i m p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m i d d l e m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t o f t e n i n v o l v i n g as m a n y as s e v e r a l hu ndred p e r s o n s ) o r a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . C lass C 1. S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u t i v e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is not e q u iv a le n t to on e o f th e s p e c i f i c l e v e l situ ations in the d e fi n i t i o n f o r c l a s s B , but w h o s e o r g a n i z a t i o n a l unit n o r m a l l y n u m b e r s at l e a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p l o y e e s and is u s u a l l y d i v i d e d into o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w h ic h a r e o f t e n , in t u r n , f u r t h e r s u b d ivid e d . In s o m e c o m p a n i e s , this l e v e l in clud es a w i d e r a n g e o f o r g a n i z a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly one o r tw o ; o £ 2. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e tc . (or o t h e r e q u i v a l e n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) that e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . C lass (e .g ., D 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v i s o r o r head o f a s m a l l o r g a n i z a t i o n a l unit f e w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o £ 2. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v i s o r y s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is tr a tiv e o f f i c e r , o r assistan t, s k illed techn ician, o r exp ert. (N O T E ; M a n y c o m p a n i e s a s s i g n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r than s e c r e t a r i e s as d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , to th is l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r . ) OR P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h i c duties r e q u i r i n g s i g n i f i c a n t l y g r e a t e r i n d e p e n d e n c e and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y than s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l , as e v i d e n c e d b y the follo w in g: W o r k r e q u i r e s a hig h d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h i c s p ee d and a c c u r a c y ; a th o r o u g h w o r k i n g k n o w l e d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f th e s p e c i f i c b u s in e s s o p e r a t i o n s , o r g a n i z a t i o n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k f l o w , e tc . U s e s th is k n o w l e d g e in p e r f o r m i n g s te n o g r a p h i c duties and r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l ta s k s such as m a in ta in in g f o l l o w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b l i n g m a t e r i a l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d a , and l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s i n g s i m p l e l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; r e a d i n g and r ou tin g i n c o m i n g m a i l ; and a n s w e r i n g ro u tin e q u e s t i o n s , etc . TR A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T P r i m a r y duty is to t r a n s c r i b e d i c ta ti o n i n v o l v i n g a n o r m a l routine vocabu lary fr o m tra n s c rib in g -m a c h in e re c o rd s . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r i t t e n c o p y and do s i m p l e c l e r i c a l w o r k . W o r k e r s t r a n s c r i b i n g d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y such as l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h a r e not included. A w o r k e r wh o ta k e s d ic ta tio n in shorthand o r by S t en oty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h i n e is c l a s s i f i e d as a s t e n o g r a p h e r . T Y P IS T U s e s a t y p e w r i t e r to m a k e c o p i e s o f v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s o r to m ak e out b i l l s a f t e r c a l c u l a t i o n s h a ve b e en m a d e by a n o th er p e r s o n . M a y include ty p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s f o r use in duplic ating p r o c esses. M a y do c l e r i c a l w o r k i n v o l v i n g l i t t l e s p e c i a l tr a i n i n g , such as k e e p in g s i m p l e r e c o r d s , f i l i n g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r t i n g and d is trib u t in g incom in g m a il. C lass A . P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g ; Typin g m a te r ia l in f i n a l f o r m wh en it i n v o lv e s , c o m b i n i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e l l i n g , s y l l a b i c a t i o n , punctuation, e t c . , o f t e c h n i c a l o r unusual w o r d s o r f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e m a t e r i a l ; o r planning layout and ty p i n g o f c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s to m a in ta in u n i f o r m i t y and b a l a n c e in s p a c in g . M a y t y p e ro u tin e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y i n g d e t a i l s to suit c i r c u m s t a n c e s . TYPIST — Continued ORDER C LE R K C lass B . P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g ; C o p y ty p in g f r o m roug h o r c l e a r d r a f t s ; o r r ou tin e ty p in g o f f o r m s , i n s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e tc .; o r se tting up s i m p l e stan da rd ta b u la tio n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p l e x t a b l e s a l r e a d y set up and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y . R e c e iv e s w ritten or v e rb a l c u s to m e rs ' purchase o rd e rs f o r m a te ria l o r m erc h a n d ise f r o m cu s to m e rs o r sales people. W o r k t y p i c a l l y in v o l v e s s o m e c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o l l o w i n g d u tie s : Quoting p r i c e s ; d e t e r m i n i n g a v a i l a b i l i t y o f o r d e r e d i t e m s and s u g g e s ti n g sub stitu te s wh en n e c e s s a r y ; a d v is in g e x p e c t e d d e l i v e r y date and m e t h o d o f d e l i v e r y ; r e c o r d i n g o r d e r and c u s t o m e r i n f o r m a t i o n on o r d e r s h e e ts ; c h e c k in g o r d e r s h e e ts f o r a c c u r a c y and ad e q u a c y o f i n f o r m a t i o n r e c o r d e d ; a s c e r t a i n i n g c r e d i t r atin g o f c u s t o m e r ; fu r n is h in g c u s t o m e r w i t h a c k n o w l e d g e m e n t o f r e c e i p t o f o r d e r ; f o l l o w i n g - u p to s ee that o r d e r is d e l i v e r e d b y th e s p e c i f i e d date o r to let c u s t o m e r know o f a d e l a y in d e l i v e r y ; m a in ta in in g o r d e r f i l e ; c h e c k in g shipping in v o i c e a g a in s t o r i g i n a l o r d e r . F IL E CLERK F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , and r e t r i e v e s m a t e r i a l in an e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g system . M a y p e r f o r m , c l e r i c a l and m anual ta s k s r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in f i l e s . P o s i t i o n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in^o l e v e l s on th e b a s i s o f the f o l l o w i n g d e fi n i t i o n s . C la s s A . C l a s s i f i e s and in d e x e s f i l e m a t e r i a l such as c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n i c a l d o c u m e n ts , e t c . , in an e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m conta ining a n u m b e r o f v a r i e d s u b je c t m a t t e r f i l e s . M a y a ls o f i l e th is m ateria l. M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r i o u s t y p e s in con junction w i t h the f i l e s . M a y le a d a s m a l l g ro u p o f l o w e r l e v e l f i l e c l e r k s . E x c lu d e w o r k e r s paid on a c o m m i s s i o n b a s i s o r w h o s e duties include any o f th e f o l l o w i n g : R e c e i v i n g o r d e r s f o r s e r v i c e s r a t h e r them f o r m a t e r i a l o r m e r c h a n d i s e ; p r o v i d i n g c u s t o m e r s w ith c o n s u l ta ti v e a d v i c e using k n o w le d g e g a in e d f r o m e n g i n e e r i n g o r e x t e n s i v e t e c h n i c a l tr a i n i n g ; e m p h a s i z i n g s e l l i n g s k i l l s ; ha ndlin g m a t e r i a l o r m e r c h a n d i s e as an i n t e g r a l p a r t o f th e job. C la s s B . S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l by s i m p l e (s u b j e c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t l y c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l by f i n e r subheadin gs. Prepares s i m p l e r e l a t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e aid s. A s requested, l o c a t e s c l e a r l y i d e n t i f i e d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l . M ay p erform r e l a t e d c l e r i c a l ta s k s r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s . Positions d e fi n i ti o n s : are c la s s ifie d into levels accordin g to th e follow ing C l a s s A . H a n d le s o r d e r s that i n v o l v e m ak in g ju d g m e n ts such as c h o o s in g w h ic h s p e c i f i c p ro d uct o r m a t e r i a l f r o m the e s t a b l i s h m e n t 's pro duc t l i n e s w i l l s a t i s f y th e c u s t o m e r ' s n e e d s , o r d e t e r m i n i n g the p r i c e to be quoted when p r i c i n g i n v o l v e s m o r e them m e r e l y r e f e r r i n g to a p r i c e l i s t o r m ak ing som e sim p le m ath em a tica l calculations. C la s s C . P e r f o r m s r ou tin e f i l i n g o f m a t e r i a l that has a l r e a d y b een c l a s s i f i e d o r w h ich is e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s i m p l e s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s y s te m (e .g ., alphabetical, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, or n u m e r ica l). As requested, l o c a t e s r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l ; and m a y f i l l out w i t h d r a w a l c h a r g e . M a y p e r f o r m s i m p l e c l e r i c a l and m anual tasks r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s . C la s s B . H a n d le s o r d e r s i n v o l v i n g i t e m s w h ich have r e a d i l y i d e n t i f i e d u s e s and a p p l i c a ti o n s . M a y r e f e r to a c a t a l o g , m a n u f a c t u r e r 's m an ual, o r s i m i l a r doc u m e nt to in s u r e that p r o p e r i t e m is sup plied o r to v e r i f y p r i c e o f o r d e r e d ite m . MESSENGER P e r f o r m s v a r i o u s routin e duties such as running e r r a n d s , o p e r a t i n g m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h i n e s such as s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , op ening and d is trib u t in g m a i l , and ot h e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c l u d e p o s i t i o n s that r e q u i r e o p e r a t i o n o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e as a s i g n i f i c a n t duty. A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e a c c o u n tin g c l e r i c a l tas k s such as p os tin g to r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g bank accoun ts ; v e r i f y i n g the i n t e r n a l c o n s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , and m a t h e m a t i c a l a c c u r a c y o f accounting doc u m e nts ; a s s i g n i n g p r e s c r i b e d ac coun ting d i s t r i b u t i o n c o d e s ; e xa m in in g and v e r i f y i n g f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r i o u s t y p e s o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a l c u l a ti o n s , p os tin g, e tc .; o r p r e p a r i n g s i m p l e o r a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r i n g m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d jo u rn a l vouchers. M a y w o r k in e i t h e r a m anual o r autom ated ac cou nting s y s t e m . S W ITC H B O A R D O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a t e le p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e used w ith a p r i v a t e b ra n c h e xcha ng e ( P B X ) s y s t e m to r e l a y i n c o m i n g , ou tgo in g , and i n t r a s y s t e m calls. M a y p r o v i d e i n f o r m a t i o n to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and t r a n s m i t m e s s a g e s , k e e p r e c o r d o f c a l l s p l a c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s . B e s i d e s o p e r a t i n g a t e le p h o n e s w i tc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , m a y a l s o ty p e o r p e r f o r m routin e c l e r i c a l w o r k (ty p in g o r routin e c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y the m a j o r p o r t i o n o f the w o r k e r ' s t i m e , and is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d w h i l e at th e s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e ) . C hief o r l e a d o p e r a t o r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e than one o p e r a t o r a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r an o p e r a t o r who a ls o ac ts as a r e c e p t i o n i s t , s e e S w itc h b o a r d O p e ra to r -R eceptio n ist. T h e w o r k r e q u i r e s a k n o w l e d g e o f c l e r i c a l m eth od s and o f f i c e p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h r e l a t e s to the c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e c o r d i n g o f t r a n s a c t i o n s and a ccoun ting i n f o r m a t i o n . W ith e x p e r i e n c e , th e w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m e s f a m i l i a r w ith th e b oo k k e e p in g and accounting t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s used in th e a s s i g n e d w o r k , but is not r e q u i r e d to ha ve a k n o w le d g e o f the f o r m a l p r i n c i p l e s o f b o o k k e e p in g and accoun ting. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T IO N IS T Positions defin ition s: A t a s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n te l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , acts both as an o p e r a t o r — s e e S w itc h b o a r d O p e r a t o r — and as a r e c e p t i o n i s t . R e c e p t i o n i s t ' s w o r k i n v o l v e s such duties as g r e e t i n g v i s i t o r s ; d e t e r m i n i n g na tu re o f v i s i t o r ' s b u s in e s s and p r o v i d i n g a p p r o p r i a t e i n f o r m a t i o n ; r e f e r r i n g v i s i t o r to a p p r o p r i a t e p e r s o n in th e o r g a n i z a t i o n o r c on tac tin g that p e r s o n by te l e p h o n e and a r r a n g i n g am ap p oin tm e n t; k e e p in g a l o g o f v i s i t o r s . are c la s s ifie d into le v els on the b a s is of the follow in g C lass A . U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s ac cou nting c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s w h ich r e q u i r e th e a p p l i c a ti o n o f e x p e r i e n c e and ju d g m e n t, f o r e x a m p l e , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p l i c a t e d o r n o n r e p e t i t i v e ac coun ting t r a n s a c ti o n s , s e l e c t i n g am on g a sub sta ntial v a r i e t y o f p r e s c r i b e d accounting cod es 17 AC C O U N T IN G CLER K — Continued P A Y R O L L CLER K — Continued and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c i n g t r a n s a c t i o n s t h ro u g h p r e v i o u s a ccoun ting a c tio n s to d e t e r m i n e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s . M a y be a s s i s t e d b y on e o r m o r e c l a s s B ac c ou n ting c l e r k s . l i s t i n g s a g a in s t s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; t r a c i n g and c o r r e c t i n g e r r o r s in l i s t i n g s ; smd a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r a t i o n o f p e r i o d i c s u m m a r y p a y r o l l r e p o r t s . In a no nautom ated p a y r o l l s y s t e m , c om p u te s w a g e s . W o rk m ay req u ire a p ra ctica l k n o w l e d g e o f g o v e r n m e n t a l r e g u l a t i o n s , c o m p a n y p a y r o l l p o l i c y , o r the com puter s y s te m fo r p ro c e s s in g p a y ro lls . C la s s B . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n , f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d in s tr u c tio n s and s t a n d a r d i z e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s one o r m o r e routin e a c c ou n tin g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , such as p o s tin g to l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f i t e m s and l o c a t i o n s o f p o s t i n g s a r e c l e a r l y i n d ic a te d ; c h e c k in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p l e t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d i z e d a n d rep etitive rec o rd s or a ccoun ting d oc u m e n ts ; and c od in g d oc u m e n ts u s i n g a few p re s c rib e d a ccoun ting c o d e s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a b oo k k e e p in g m a c h i n e ( w ith o r with out a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b oa r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s tr a n s a c t i o n s . C l a s s A . K e e p s a s et o f r e c o r d s r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f and e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s , and f a m i l i a r i t y w ith the s tr u c tu r e o f th e p a r t i c u l a r ac coun ting s y s t e m used . D e t e r m i n e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d i s t r i b u t i o n o f debit and c r e d i t i t e m s to be used in eac h p h a s e o f the w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l i d a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e ts , and o t h e r r e c o r d s by hand. C la s s B. K e e p s a r e c o r d o f on e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a s et o f r e c o r d s u s u a l l y r e q u i r i n g l i t t l e k n o w l e d g e o f b a s i c b oo k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s in clu de accounts p a y a b l e , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' accounts (not in clud in g a s i m p l e ty p e o f b i l l i n g d e s c r i b e d un der m a c h in e b i l l e r ) , c o s t d i s t r i b u t i o n , e x p e n s e d i s t r i b u t i o n , i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e tc . M a y check o r a ssist in p r e p a r a t i o n o f t r i a l b a l a n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e ts f o r th e a ccoun ting d epartm ent. M A C H IN E B IL L E R P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , and i n v o i c e s on a m a c h in e o t h e r than an ord in ary or e le ctro m a tic ty p ew rite r. M a y a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s as to b i l l i n g s o r shipping c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n ta l to b i l l i n g operation s. F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f m a c h i n e , as f o l l o w s : B i l l i n g - m a c h i n e b i l l e r . U s e s a s p e c i a l b i l l i n g m a c h in e ( c o m b i n a t i o n ty p in g and adding m a c h in e ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , i n t e r n a l l y p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , ship ping m e m o r a n d a , etc . U s u a l l y i n v o l v e s a p p l i c a t i o n o f p r e d e t e r m i n e d d is co u n ts and shippin g c h a r g e s and e n tr y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s i o n s , w h ich m a y o r m a y not be c om p u te d on the b i l l i n g m a c h i n e , and to ta l s w h i c h a r e a u t p m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u la te d by m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t i o n u s u a lly i n v o l v e s a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p i e s o f the b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is often done on a f a n f o l d m a c h i n e . B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h i n e b i l l e r . U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h i n e (w ith o r withou t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s as p a r t o f the acc ou n ts r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t i o n . G e n e r a l l y i n v o l v e s th e s im u lta n e o u s e n t r y o f f i g u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' l e d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h i n e a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u la te s f i g u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l colu m n s and c o m p u te s and u s u a lly p r i n t s a u t o m a t i c a l l y the d ebit o r c r e d i t b a l a n c e s . D o e s not i n v o l v e a k n o w le d g e o f b o o k keeping. W o r k s f r o m u n i f o r m and s ta n d a rd t y p e s o f s a le s and c r e d i t s l i p s . PAYROLL CLERK P e r f o r m s the c l e r i c a l ta s k s n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o l l s and to m a i n ta i n p a y r o l l r e c o r d s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P ro cessin g w o r k e r s ' t i m e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; , ad ju s tin g w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s f o r c han ges in w a g e r a t e s , s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s , o r t a x d e du ctio n s ; e d itin g p a y r o l l KEYPUNCH OPERATOR O p e r a t e s a keyp unch m ac h in e to r e c o r d o r v e r i f y a lp h a b e tic and/or n u m e r i c data on tab u la tin g c a r d s o r on tap e . Positions d e fi n i ti o n s : are c la s s ifie d into le v els on the b a s is o f the follo w in g C l a s s A . W o r k r e q u i r e s the a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r i e n c e and j u d g m e n t in s e l e c t i n g p r o c e d u r e s to be f o l l o w e d and in s e a r c h i n g f o r , i n t e r p r e t i n g , s e l e c t i n g , o r c od in g i t e m s to be keypunched f r o m a v a r i e t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts . On o c c a s i o n m a y a ls o p e r f o r m s o m e r ou tin e keypun ch w o r k . May t r a i n i n e x p e r i e n c e d keypun ch o p e r a t o r s . C l a s s B . W o r k is routin e and r e p e t i t i v e . Under c lo s e su p ervisio n o r f o l l o w i n g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r i n s t r u c t i o n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r i o u s s ta n d a r d i z e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts w h ich ha ve b een c o d e d , and f o l l o w s s p e c i f i e d p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a ve b e en p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l and r e q u i r e l i t t l e o r no s e l e c t i n g , c o d i n g , o r i n t e r p r e t i n g o f data to be r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v i s o r p ro b lem s a r is in g f r o m erron eou s item s o r codes o r m iss in g in form ation. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s on e o r a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n e s such as the t a b u l a t o r , c a l c u l a t o r , c o l l a t o r , i n t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c i n g punch, e tc . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is d e fi n i t i o n a r e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s . A l s o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f e l e c t r o n i c d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r s , e v e n though th e y m a y a ls o o p e r a t e e l e c t r i c a ccoun ting m a c h i n e e qu ip m en t. P o sitio n s d e fi n i t i o n s : are c la s s ifie d into le v els on th e b a s is o f the follo w in g C lass A . P e r f o r m s c o m p l e t e r e p o r t i n g and tabulating a s s i g n m e n t s inc lud in g d e v i s i n g d i f f i c u l t c o n t r o l p a n e l w i r i n g un der g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e a v a r i e t y o f lo n g and c o m p l e x r e p o r t s w h i c h o fte n a r e i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g , r e q u i r i n g s o m e planning o f th e na tu re and s e q u e n c in g o f o p e r a t i o n s , and th e u s e o f a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n e s . Is t y p i c a l l y in v o l v e d in t r a i n i n g n e w o p e r a t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a t i o n s o r t r a i n i n g l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w i r i n g f r o m d i a g r a m s and in the o p e r a t i n g s e q u e n c e s o f lon g and c o m p l e x r e p o r t s . D o e s not in c lu d e p o s i t i o n s in w h i c h w i r i n g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is l i m i t e d to s e l e c t i o n and i n s e r t i o n o f p r e w i r e d b o a r d s . C la s s B . P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d i n g to e s t a b l i s h e d p r o c e d u r e s and u n de r s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e c o m p l e t e but r o u tin e and r e c u r r i n g r e p o r t s o r p a r t s o f l a r g e r and m o r e c o m p l e x r e p o r t s . O p e r a t e s m o r e d i f f i c u l t ta b ula ting o r e l e c t r i c a l ac c ou n tin g m a c h i n e s such as th e ta b u la to r and c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d itio n to the s i m p l e r m a c h i n e s used by class C o p e r a to r s . M a y be r e q u i r e d to do s o m e w i r i n g f r o m d i a g r a m s . C l a s s C . U n d e r s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s , o p e r a t e s s i m p l e ta b ula ting o r e l e c t r i c a l ac c ou n ting m a c h i n e s such as th e s o r t e r , i n t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c i n g punch, c o l l a t o r , e tc . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e p o r t i o n s o f a w o r k unit, f o r e x a m p l e , i n d iv id u a l s o r t i n g o r c o l l a t i n g ru ns , o r r e p e t i t i v e o p e r a t i o n s . M ay p erform s i m p l e w i r i n g f r o m d i a g r a m s , and do s o m e f i l i n g w o r k . Professional and Technical C O M PU TE R SYSTEMS A N A L Y S T , B U SIN E S S C O M PU TE R SYSTEMS A N A L Y S T , A n a l y z e s b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s to f o r m u l a t e p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o l v i n g th em by use o f e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m en t. D evelops a com plete d e s c r i p t i o n o f a l l s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ne e d e d to e nab le p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e req u ire d d igital com puter p r o g r a m s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : A n a l y z e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t i o n s to be autom ated and i d e n t i f i e s c on ditio n s and c r i t e r i a r e q u i r e d to a c h i e v e s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d oc u m e n ts to be us ed; o u tlin e s ac tio n s to be p e r f o r m e d by p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u t e r s in s u f f ic ie n t d e t a i l f o r p r e s e n t a t i o n to m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m i n g ( t y p i c a l l y th is i n v o l v e s p r e p a r a t i o n o f w o r k and data f l o w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d i n a t e s the d e v e l o p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s and p a r t i c i p a t e s in t r i a l runs o f n e w and r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s e q u i p m en t ch an ge s to obtain m o r e e f f e c t i v e o v e r a l l o p e r a t i o n s . (N O T E : W orkers p e r f o r m i n g both s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s and p r o g r a m m i n g should be c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a ly s ts i f th is is the s k i l l used to d e t e r m i n e t h e i r p ay .) D o e s not in c lu d e e m p l o y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r the m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r s y s t e m s a n a l y s ts p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w it h s c i e n t i f i c o r e n g i n e e r i n g p r o b l e m s . F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , s y s t e m s an a ly s ts a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s : C lass A . W o r k s i n d e p e n d e n tly o r under on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s i n v o l v i n g a l l p h as e s o f s y s t e m a n a l y s i s . P ro b lem s are c o m p l e x b e ca u s e o f d i v e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e m e n ts o f output data. ( F o r e x a m p l e , d e v e l o p s an i n t e g r a t e d p ro d u c tio n s c h e d u lin g, i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a l y s i s , and s a l e s a n a l y s i s r e c o r d in w h ic h e v e r y i t e m o f e ach ty p e i s a u t o m a t i c a l l y p r o c e s s e d th rough the f u l l s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r i a t e fo l l o w u p a c tio n s a r e i n it ia te d by the c o m p u t e r . ) C o n f e r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m i n e the data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on the i m p l i c a t i o n s o f n e w o r r e v i s e d s y s t e m s o f data p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s . M akes reco m m en d atio n s, i f needed, f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s in s t a l l a t i o n s o r c h a n ge s and f o r obta ining e qu ip m en t. C lass C. W o r k s un der i m m e d i a t e s u p e r v i s i o n , c a r r y i n g out a n a l y s e s as a s s i g n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g l e a c t i v i t y . A s s i g n m e n t s a r e d e s i g n e d to d e v e l o p and expan d p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e in the a p p lic a tio n o f p r o c e d u r e s and skills r eq u ire d fo r system s a n alysis w o rk. F o r exa m p le, m ay a s sist a higher l e v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t by p r e p a r i n g the d e t a i l e d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s r e q u i r e d by p r o g r a m m e r s f r o m i n f o r m a t i o n d e v e l o p e d by the h i g h e r l e v e l a n a ly s t. C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U S IN E S S C o n v e r t s s ta te m e n ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p i c a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a s y s t e m s a n a ly s t, into a sequ e n c e o f d e t a i l e d i n s tr u c tio n s which a r e r e q u i r e d to s o l v e the p r o b l e m s by a u to m a tic data p r o c e s s i n g equ ip m en t. W orking fr o m c h a r t s o r d i a g r a m s , the p r o g r a m m e r d e v e l o p s the p r e c i s e i n s tr u c tio n s which, wh en e n t e r e d into the c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d lan gu a ge , c a u s e the m a n ip u l a tio n o f data to a c h i e v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : A p p l i e s k n o w l e d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a b i l i t i e s , m a t h e m a t i c s , l o g i c e m p l o y e d by c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t i c u l a r s u b je ct m a t t e r i n v o l v e d to a n a ly z e c h a r ts and d i a g r a m s o f the p r o b l e m to be p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e l o p s se qu e n c e o f p r o g r a m s te p s ; w r i t e s d e t a i l e d f l o w c h a r t s to show o r d e r in w h ich data w i l l be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s th es e c h a r ts to c o d e d in s t r u c t i o n s f o r m a c h in e to f o l l o w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s i n s t r u c t i o n s f o r o p e r a t i n g p e r s o n n e l d u r in g p ro d u c tio n run; a n a l y z e s , r e v i e w s , and a l t e r s p r o g r a m s to i n c r e a s e o p e r a t i n g e f f i c i e n c y o r adapt to n e w r e q u i r e m e n t s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e v e l o p m e n t and r e v i s i o n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g both s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s and p r o g r a m m i n g should be c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a l y s ts if th is is the s k i l l used to d e t e r m i n e t h e i r pay.) D o e s not in c lu d e e m p l o y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r the m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c and/or e n g i n e e r i n g p r o b l e m s . For M a y p r o v i d e fu n c tio n a l who a r e a s s i g n e d to a s s i s t . d irectio n to low er le v e l system s wage study p u r p o s e s , p rogram m ers a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s : an a ly s ts C lass B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r un der o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on p r o b l e m s that a r e r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p l i c a te d to a n a l y z e , plan, p r o g r a m , and operate. P r o b l e m s a r e o f l i m i t e d c o m p l e x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f input data a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and the output data a r e c l o s e l y r e l a t e d . (F o r exam ple, d e v e l o p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s i t o r accoun ts in a bank, m a in ta in in g accoun ts r e c e i v a b l e in a r e t a i l e s t a b l i s h m e n t , o r m a in ta in in g i n v e n t o r y accoun ts in a m a n u f a c tu r in g o r w h o l e s a l e e s t a b l i s h m e n t . ) C o n f e r s w ith p e r sons c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m i n e the data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on the i m p l i c a t i o n s o f the data p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s to be ap p lie d . OR W o r k s on a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p l e x data p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e o r s y s t e m , as d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly on routin e a s s i g n m e n t s and r e c e i v e s i n s t r u c t i o n and guid ance on c o m p l e x a s s i g n m e n t s . W o r k is r e v i e w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f j u d g m e n t , c o m p l i a n c e w it h i n s t r u c t i o n s , and to in s u r e p r o p e r a l i g n m e n t w ith the o v e r a l l s y s t e m . B U S IN E S S — Continued C l a s s A . W o r k s ind e p e n d e n tly o r un der o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s w h ich r e q u i r e c o m p e t e n c e in a l l p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m i n g c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s . W o r k i n g f r o m d i a g r a m s and c h a r t s w h ic h i d e n t i f y th e natu re o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a j o r p r o c e s s i n g s te p s to be a c c o m p l i s h e d , and the r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n v a r i o u s ste ps o f the p r o b l e m s o l v i n g ro u tin e ; p lans the f u l l ra n g e o f p r o g r a m m i n g ac tio n s n e e d e d to e f f i c i e n t l y u t i l i z e the c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in a c h i e v i n g d e s i r e d end p ro d u c ts . A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m i n g is d i f f i c u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t m u s t be o r g a n i z e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l i n t e r r e l a t e d but d i v e r s e p r o d u c ts f r o m n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e data e l e m e n t s . A w id e v a r i e t y and e x t e n s i v e n u m b e r o f in ter n a l p r o c e s s in g actions m ust o ccu r. T h i s r e q u i r e s such a c t i o n s as d e v e l o p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t i o n s w h ich can be r e u s e d , e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f lin k a g e p oin ts b e t w e e n o p e r a t i o n s , ad ju s tm e n ts to data w h en p r o g r a m r e q u i r e m e n t s e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y , and su b s tan tial m an ip u la tio n and r e s e qu e n c in g o f data e l e m e n t s to f o r m a h ig h ly i n t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m . M a y p r o v i d e f u n c ti o n a l d i r e c t i o n to l o w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s who a r e a s s i g n e d to a s s i s t . C O M PU T E R PR O G R AM M ER , BUSINESS— Continued C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R - — C ontinued C l a s s B. W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r un der on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e p r o g r a m s , o r on s i m p l e s e g m e n t s o f c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s i n f o r m a t i o n to p ro d u c e data in tw o or th ree v a r ie d sequences or form a ts . R e p o r t s and l i s t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d by r e f i n i n g , adaptin g, a r r a y i n g , o r m a k in g m i n o r ad d ition s to o r d e l e t i o n s f r o m input data w h ich a r e r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . W h ile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y be p r o c e s s e d , the data have b e en r e f i n e d in p r i o r ac tio n s so that the a c c u r a c y and s e q u e n c in g o f data can be t e s t e d by using a f e w r ou tin e c h e c k s . T y p i c a l l y , the p r o g r a m d e a l s w ith routin e r e c o r d k e e p i n g o p e r a t i o n s . m a j o r change o r cannot be c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b l y s hort t i m e . In c o m m o n e r r o r s itu a tio n s , d ia g n o s e s caus e and ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e ac tio n . This u s u a l l y i n v o l v e s a p p lyin g p r e v i o u s l y p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s te p s, o r using sta n da rd c o r r e c t i o n t e c h n iq u e s . OR W o r k s on c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A ) un der c l o s e d ire c tio n o f a higher l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r or s u p e r v is o r . M ay a s s is t higher l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r by in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d i f f i c u l t ta s k s a s s i g n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g m o r e d i f f i c u l t tas k s un der f a i r l y c l o s e d i r e c t i o n . M a y guid e o r i n s tr u c t l o w e r le v el p ro g ra m m e rs . ClassC. M a k e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a tio n s o f p r o g r a m m i n g p r a c t i c e s and c o n c e p t s u s u a lly l e a r n e d in f o r m a l t r a i n i n g c o u r s e s . A ssign m en ts are d e s i g n e d to d e v e l o p c o m p e t e n c e in the a p p lic a tio n o f s ta n dard p r o c e d u r e s to ro u tin e p r o b l e m s . R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n on n e w a s p e c t s o f a s s i g n m e n t s ; and w o r k i s r e v i e w e d to v e r i f y it s a c c u r a c y and c o n f o r m a n c e w ith r e q u i r e d procedures. COMPUTER OPERATOR M o n i t o r s and o p e r a t e s the c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r to p r o c e s s data a c c o r d i n g to o p e r a t i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s , u s u a lly p r e p a r e d by a p r o gram m er. W o r k in c lu d e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : Studies i n s t r u c t i o n s to d e t e r m i n e e q u ip m en t setup and o p e r a t i o n s ; lo a ds e qu ip m en t w ith r e q u i r e d i t e m s (tap e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c . ) ; s w i t c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x i l i a r y e q u ip m e n t into c i r c u i t , and s ta r ts and o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s tm e n ts to c o m p u t e r to c o r r e c t o p e r a t i n g p r o b l e m s and m e e t s p e c i a l c on d it io n s ; r e v i e w s e r r o r s m a d e d u r in g o p e r a t i o n and d e t e r m i n e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b l e m to s u p e r v i s o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m a i n ta i n s o p e r a t i n g r e c o r d s . M a y t e s t and a s s i s t in c orrectin g program . For wage study purposes, com puter op erators are c la s s ifie d as follow s: C lass A . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r un der on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r runn ing p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : N e w p r o g r a m s a r e f r e q u e n t l y t e s t e d and i n t r o d u c e d ; s c he d u lin g r e q u i r e m e n t s a r e o f c r i t i c a l i m p o r t a n c e to m i n i m i z e d o w n ti m e ; the p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p l e x d e s i g n so that i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f e r r o r s o u r c e ofte n r e q u i r e s a w o r k i n g k n o w le d g e o f the t o t a l p r o g r a m , and a l t e r n a t e p r o g r a m s m a y not be a v a i l a b l e . M a y g i v e d i r e c t i o n and g uid ance to l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s . C l a s s B . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r un der on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r runn ing p r o g r a m s w it h m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t o f the p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b l i s h e d p ro d u c tio n ru n s , t y p i c a l l y run on a r e g u l a r l y r e c u r r i n g b a s i s ; t h e r e i s l i t t l e o r no t e s t i n g o f n e w p r o g r a m s r e q u i r e d ; a l t e r n a t e p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v i d e d in c a s e o r i g i n a l p r o g r a m n e e d s OR O p e r a t e s un der d i r e c t s u p e r v i s i o n a c o m p u t e r running p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n t s o f p r o g r a m s w it h the c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . May a s s i s t a h i g h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r by i n d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d i f f i c u l t tas k s a s s i g n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g d i f f i c u l t ta s k s f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d i n s t r u c t i o n s and w ith f r e q u e n t r e v i e w o f o p e r a t i o n s p e r f o r m e d . expected a b i l i t y to received operator C lass C . W o r k s on r ou tin e p r o g r a m s un der c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n . Is to d e v e l o p w o r k i n g k n o w le d g e o f the c o m p u t e r e qu ip m en t used and d e t e c t p r o b l e m s i n v o l v e d in running routin e p r o g r a m s . U s u a l l y has s o m e f o r m a l t r a i n i n g in c o m p u t e r o p e r a t i o n . M a y a s s i s t h i g h e r l e v e l on c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s . D RAFTER C lass A . P l a n s the g r a p h i c p r e s e n t a t i o n o f c o m p l e x i t e m s having d i s t i n c t i v e d e s i g n f e a t u r e s that d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m e s t a b l i s h e d d r a f t i n g precedents. W o r k s in c l o s e sup por t w ith the d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r , and m a y reco m m en d m in o r design changes. A n a l y z e s the e f f e c t o f e a c h c han ge on the d e t a i l s o f f o r m , fu n c tio n , and p o s i t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c om p o n e n ts and p a r t s . W o r k s w ith a m i n i m u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e . C o m p l e t e d w o r k is r e v i e w e d b y d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y w ith p r i o r e n g i n e e r i n g d e t e r m inations. M a y e i t h e r p r e p a r e d r a w i n g s o r d i r e c t t h e i r p r e p a r a t i o n by l o w e r le v e l d ra fters . C lass B . P e r f o r m s no nrou tine and c o m p l e x d r a ft i n g a s s i g n m e n t s that r e q u i r e the a p p l i c a t i o n o f m o s t o f the s t a n d a r d i z e d d r a w i n g te c h n iq u e s r e g u l a r l y us ed. D uties t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e such w o r k a s : P re p a r e s working d r a w i n g s o f s u b a s s e m b l i e s with i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s , m u l t i p l e fu n c tio n s , and p r e c i s e p o s i t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n c o m p o n e n ts ; p r e p a r e s a r c h i t e c t u r a l d r a w i n g s f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a b u ild in g i n c lu d in g d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f foun d a tio n s , w a l l s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p lans , and r o o f . U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u l a s and m a n u a ls in m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y c o m p u ta tio n s to d e t e r m i n e qu a n titie s o f m a t e r i a l s to be us e d , loa d c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s , s t r e s s e s , e t c . R eceives i n i t i a l i n s t r u c t i o n s , r e q u i r e m e n t s , and a d v i c e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r . C om pleted w o r k is c h e c k ed f o r t e c h n i c a l ad e qu ac y . C lass C. P r e p a r e s d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f s i n g l e units o r p a r t s f o r e n g i n e e r i n g , c o n s t r u c t i o n , m a n u f a c tu r i n g , o r r e p a i r p u r p o s e s . Types of d r a w i n g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e i s o m e t r i c p r o j e c t i o n s (d e p i c t i n g t h r e e d i m e n s i o n s in a c c u r a t e s c a l e ) and s e c t i o n a l v i e w s to c l a r i f y p o s i t i o n i n g o f c o m p on e n ts and c o n v e y n e e d e d i n f o r m a t i o n . C onsolidates d etails fro m a number of s o u r c e s and ad ju s ts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a l e as r e q u i r e d . S u gg e sted m e t h o d s o f a p p r o a c h , a p p l i c a b l e p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v i c e on s o u r c e m a t e r i a l s a r e g i v e n w ith i n i t i a l a s s i g n m e n t s . I n s tr u c ti o n s a r e l e s s c o m p l e t e when a s s i g n m e n t s recur. W o r k m a y be s p o t - c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s . D R A F T E R -T R A C E R E LE C T R O N IC S TEC H N IC IAN — Continued C o p i e s plans and d r a w i n g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s by p l a c i n g t r a c i n g c loth o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w i n g s and t r a c i n g w ith pen o r p e n c i l . (D o e s not includ e t r a c i n g l i m i t e d to pla ns p r i m a r i l y c o n s i s t i n g o f s tr a i g h t l i n e s and a l a r g e s c a le not r e q u i r i n g c l o s e d e l i n e a t i o n . ) W o r k m a y be r e v i e w e d b y s u p e r v i s o r ( f r e q u e n t l y an e n g i n e e r o r d e s i g n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p l i a n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s . M ay provide t e c h n i c a l g uid ance to l o w e r l e v e l te c h n i c i a n s . AND/OR P r e p a r e s sim p le o r r ep e titiv e dra w ings of e a s ily v is u a liz e d ite m s . W o r k is c l o s e l y s u p e r v i s e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s . E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N W o r k s on v a r i o u s ty p e s o f e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t and r e l a t e d d e v i c e s b y p e r f o r m i n g one o r a c o m b i n a ti o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a l l i n g , m a in ta in in g , r e p a i r i n g , o v e r h a u l i n g , t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g , m o d i f y i n g , c o n s t r u c tin g , and te s tin g . W o r k r e q u i r e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a tio n o f t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e o f e l e c t r o n i c s p r i n c i p l e s , a b i l i t y to d e t e r m i n e m a l f u n c t i o n s , and s k i l l to put e q u ip m en t in r e q u i r e d o p e r a t i n g c on dit io n. T h e e q u ip m en t— c o n s i s t i n g o f e i t h e r m a n y d i f f e r e n t kinds o f c i r c u i t s o r m u l t i p l e r e p e t i t i o n o f the s a m e kind o f c i r c u i t — i n c lu d e s , but is not l i m i t e d t o , the f o l l o w i n g : (a) E l e c t r o n i c t r a n s m i t t i n g and r e c e i v i n g e q u ip m e n t ( e . g . , r a d a r , r a d i o , t e l e v i s i o n , t e l e p h o n e , s o n a r, n a v i g a t i o n a l a i d s ) , (b) d i g i t a l and an alog c o m p u t e r s , and ( c ) i n d u s t r i a l and m e d i c a l m e a s u r i n g and c o n t r o l l i n g e qu ip m en t. T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c l u d e s r e p a i r e r s o f such s ta n dard e l e c t r o n i c e qu ip m en t as c o m m o n o f f i c e m a c h i n e s and household r a d i o and t e l e v i s i o n s e ts ; p ro d u c tio n a s s e m b l e r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h ose p r i m a r y duty is s e r v i c i n g e l e c t r o n i c t e s t i n s t r u m e n t s ; te c h n i c i a n s who have a d m i n i s t r a t i v e o r s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ; and d r a f t e r s , d e s i g n e r s , and p r o f e s s i o n a l e n g in ee rs. Positions d e fi n i t i o n s . C l a s s B . A p p l i e s c o m p r e h e n s i v e t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to s o l v e c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , t h o s e that t y p i c a l l y can be s o l v e d s o l e l y by p r o p e r l y i n t e r p r e t i n g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m an u a ls o r s i m i l a r d oc u m e n ts ) in w o r k i n g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t. W ork in v o lve s : A f a m i l i a r i t y w ith the i n t e r r e l a t i o n ship s o f c i r c u i t s ; and j u d g m e n t in d e t e r m i n i n g w o r k sequ e n c e and in s e l e c t i n g t o o l s and t e s t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p l e x than th os e used b y the c l a s s A te c h n ic ia n . R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h i g h e r l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n , and w o r k is r e v i e w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p l i a n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s . M a y p r o v i d e t e c h n i c a l guidan ce to l o w e r l e v e l te c h n i c i a n s . C l a s s C . A p p l i e s w o r k i n g t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to p e r f o r m s i m p l e o r ro u tin e ta s k s in w o r k i n g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t, f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d i n s t r u c tio ns w h ic h c o v e r v i r t u a l l y a l l p r o c e d u r e s . W o r k t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e s such ta s k s a s : A s s i s t i n g h i g h e r l e v e l te c h n i c i a n s by p e r f o r m i n g such a c t i v i t i e s as r e p l a c i n g c o m p o n e n ts , w i r i n g c i r c u i t s , and ta king t e s t r e a d i n g s ; r e p a i r i n g s i m p l e e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m en t; and using t o o l s and c o m m o n t e s t i n s t r u m e n t s ( e . g . , m u l t i m e t e r s , audio s i g n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tube t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is not r e q u i r e d to be f a m i l i a r w ith the i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c i r c u i t s . This k n o w l e d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y be a c q u i r e d th rough a s s i g n m e n t s d e s i g n e d to i n c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e (in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m t r a i n i n g ) so that w o r k e r can ad v an c e to h i g h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n . R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o j h ig h e r l e v e l technician. W o r k is t y p i c a l l y spot c h e c k e d , but i s g i v e n d e t a i l e d r e v i e w w h en n e w o r ad v anc e d a s s i g n m e n t s a r e i n v o l v e d . R E G IS T E R E D I N D U S T R I A L N U R S E are c la s s ifie d in to levels on the b a s i s o f the f o l l o w i n g C lass A . A p p l i e s ad v an c e d t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to s o l v e unusually c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , th o s e that t y p i c a l l y cannot be s o l v e d s o l e l y by r e f e r e n c e to m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m an u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o r k i n g on e l e c t r o n i c equ ip m en t. E x a m p l e s o f such p r o b l e m s in clud e l o c a t i o n and d e n s i t y o f c i r c u i t r y , e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c r a d i a ti o n , i s o l a t i n g m a l f u n c t i o n s , and f r e q u e n t en gin eerin g changes. W ork in v o lve s : A d e t a i l e d u n dersta nd in g o f the i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g in dependent j u d g m e n t in p e r f o r m i n g such ta s k s as m a k i n g c i r c u i t a n a l y s e s , c a l c u l a ti n g wave" f o r m s , t r a c i n g r e l a t i o n ships in s i g n a l f l o w ; and r e g u l a r l y using c o m p l e x t e s t in s tr u m e n ts ( e . g . , dual t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v i a t i o n m e t e r s , p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ) . A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e who g i v e s n u r s i n g s e r v i c e un der g e n e r a l m e d i c a l d i r e c t i o n to i l l o r i n j u r e d e m p l o y e e s o r o t h e r p e r s o n s who b e c o m e i l l o r s u f f e r an a c c i d e n t on the p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . D uties i n v o l v e a c o m b i n a ti o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : G i v i n g f i r s t aid to the i l l o r i n j u r e d ; attending to sub seq ue nt d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e s ' i n j u r i e s ; k e ep in g r e c o r d s o f patie nts t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r i n g a c c i d e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t i o n o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t i n g in p h y s i c a l e x a m i n a t i o n s and health e v a lu a tio n s o f a p p lic a n ts and e m p l o y e e s ; and planning and c a r r y i n g out p r o g r a m s i n v o l v i n g health ed ucation , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t i o n , e v a lu a tio n o f plant e n v i r o n m e n t , o r o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a f f e c t i n g the healt h, w e l f a r e , and s a f e t y o f a l l p e r s o n n e l . N u r s i n g s u p e r v i s o r s o r head n u r s e s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e than one n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d . Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant M A IN TE N A N C E C A R PE N T E R M A I N T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R — Con tinued P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y duties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in in good r e p a i r b uil d in g w o o d w o r k and e quip m en t such as bins, c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b en c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , and t r i m m a d e o f wood in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g :' P lan n in g and lay in g out o f w o r k f r o m b l u e p r in ts , d r a w i n g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; usin g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r ' s h a n d too ls , p o r t a b l e p o w e r t o o l s , and s ta n dard m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k i n g s tan da rd shop c om p u ta tio n s r e l a t i n g to d i m e n sions o f w o r k ; and s e l e c t i n g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y f o r the w o r k . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a i n te n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th rough a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N M A IN T E N A N C E M ECHANIC (Motor vehicle) P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e functio ns such as the i n s t a l l a tio n , m a i n t e n a n c e , o r r e p a i r o f equ ip m en t f o r the g e n e r a t i o n , d i s trib u t io n , o r u t i l i z a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a l l i n g o r r e p a i r i n g any o f a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t such as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w i t c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e atin g units, con du it s y s t e m s , o r o t h e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t; w o r k i n g f r o m b l u e p r i n ts , d r a w i n g s , la y o u t s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a tio n s ; l o c a t i n g and d i a g n o s i n g t r o u b l e in the e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u i p m en t; w o r k i n g sta n da rd c o m p u ta tio n s r e l a t i n g to lo a d r e q u i r e m e n t s o f w i r i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; and usin g a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n ' s handtools and m e a s u r i n g and t e s t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro ugh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . R e p a i r s a u t o m o b i l e s , b u s e s, m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : E x a m i n i n g a u t o m o t i v e e q u i p m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f tr o u b l e ; d i s a s s e m b l i n g e qu ip m en t and p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s that i n v o l v e the use o f such handtools as w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d i s a s s e m b l i n g o r f ittin g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b ro k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s f r o m stock; g rin d in g and ad justin g v a l v e s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g and i n s t a l l i n g the v a r i o u s a s s e m b l i e s in the v e h i c l e and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s ; and a li g n i n g w h e e l s , adjusting b r a k e s and lig h ts , o r tig h te n in g body bolts. In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m o t o r v e h i c l e m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s roun ded tr a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th rough a- f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R P a i n t s and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and f i x t u r e s o f an e s t a b l is h m e n t. W o r k i n v o l v e s the f o l l o w i n g : K n o w l e d g e o f s u r fa c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s and ty p e s o f paint r e q u i r e d f o r d i f f e r e n t a p p l i c a t i o n s ; p r e p a r i n g s u r fa c e f o r p aintin g b y r e m o v i n g old fin is h o r by p la c i n g putty o r f i l l e r in n a i l h ole s and i n t e r s t i c e s ; and a p p ly in g paint w ith s p r a y gun o r bru sh . M ay m ix c o lo rs , o i l s , w h ite le ad , and o t h e r paint i n g r e d i e n t s to obtain p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u i r e s rounded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A I N T E N A N C E M A C H IN IS T P r o d u c e s r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s and n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g ; I n t e r p r e t i n g w r i t t e n in s t r u c t i o n s and s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; planning and l a y i n g out o f w o r k ; us in g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t ' s hand to ols and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t i n g sta n da rd m a c h i n e t o o l s ; shaping o f m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g sta n da rd shop c o m p u ta tio n s r e l a t i n g to d i m e n s i o n s o f w o r k , t o o l i n g , f e e d s , anc s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f the c o m m o n m e t a l s ; s e l e c t i n g stan da rd m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , and e quip m en t r e q u i r e d f o r this w o r k ; and f i tti n g and a s s e m b l i n g p a r t s into m e c h a n i c a l equip m en t. In g e n e r a l , the m a c h i n i s t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a rou nded t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A I N T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M ach in ery) R e p a i r s m a c h i n e r y o r m e c h a n i c a l e qu ip m en t of an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : E x a m i n i n g m a c h i n e s and m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m en t to d i a g n o s e s o u r c e o f tr o u b l e ; d i s m a n t l i n g o r p a r t l y d i s m a n t l i n g m a c h i n e s and p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s that m a i n l y i n v o l v e the use o f handtools in s c r a p i n g and f i t t i n g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s w ith i t e m s ob ta ined f r o m sto ck ; o r d e r i n g the p ro d u c tio n o f a r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t by a m a c h i n e shop o r sendin g the m a c h i n e to a m a c h in e shop f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r i n g w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r the p ro d u c tio n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h i n e shops; r e a s s e m b l i n g m a c h i n e s ; and m a k in g a l l n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts f o r o p e r a t i o n . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f a m a c h i n e r y m a i n te n a n c e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i ence. E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s wh os e p r i m a r y duties i n v o l v e s e ttin g up o r ad ju s tin g m a c h i n e s . T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not in clude m e c h a n i c s who r e p a i r c u s t o m e r s ' v e h i c l e s in a u t o m o b i l e r e p a i r shops. M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R I n s t a l l s * o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r ty p e s o f p ip e and p i p e f i t t in g s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : Laying out w o r k and m e a s u r i n g to l o c a t e p o s i t i o n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w i n g s o r ot h e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; cutting v a r i o u s s i z e s o f pipe to c o r r e c t lengths with c h i s e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y l e n e t o r c h o r p i p e - c u t t i n g m a c h i n e s ; t h r e a d i n g p ip e w ith stoc k s and d ie s ; bending pipe by h a n d - d r i v e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h i n e s ; a s s e m b l i n g pip e with c ou p lin g s and fa s t e n i n g pipe to h a n g e r s ; m a k i n g s ta n dard shop c om p u tatio n s r e l a t i n g to p r e s s u r e s , f l o w , and s i z e o f p ip e r e q u i r e d ; and m a k in g standa rd t e s t s to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r f i n i s h e d p ip es m ee t sp ecificatio n s. In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e p i p e f i t t e r r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . W orkers prim arily e n g a g e d in i n s t a l l i n g and r e p a i r i n g b uild ing s a n ita tion o r heating s y s t e m s a re exclu d ed . M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L WORKER F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a i r the s h e e t - m e t a l e q u ip m e n t and f i x t u r e s (suc h as m a c h i n e g u a r d s , g r e a s e pans, s h e l v e s , l o c k e r s , ta nks, v e n t i l a t o r s , c h u tes , du c ts , m e t a l r o o f i n g ) o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y in g out a l l ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a i n te n a n c e w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a ti o n s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t i n g a l l a v a i l a b l e t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e s ; usin g a v a r i e t y o f ha ndto ols in c uttin g, bending, f o r m i n g , shaping, f i t t i n g , and a s s e m b l i n g ; and i n s t a l l i n g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s as r e q u i r e d . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u i r e s rounded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . M IL L W R IG H T I n s t a l l s ne w m a c h i n e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, and d i s m a n t l e s and i n s t a l l s m a c h i n e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t wh en c h a n ge s in the plant layout a r e required. W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y i n g out w o r k ; i n t e r p r e t i n g b lu e p rin ts o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; using a v a r i e t y o f handt o o l s and r i g g i n g ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd shop c o m p u ta tio n s r e l a t i n g to s t r e s s e s , s tr e n g t h o f m a t e r i a l s , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v i t y ; a li g n i n g and b a la n cin g e q u i p m e n t; s e l e c t i n g s tan da rd t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t, and p a r t s to be used; and i n s t a l l i n g and m a in ta in in g in good o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t such as d r i v e s and sp ee d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l , the m i l l w r i g h t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a roun ded t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e in the t r a d e a c q u i r e d th rough a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . 22 M A IN T E N A N C E TR AD E S H E LP E R T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R A s s i s t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k i l l e d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , byp e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l duties o f l e s s e r s k i l l , such as k e ep in g a w o r k e r supplie d w ith m a t e r i a l s and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k i n g a r e a , m a c h i n e , and equip m en t; a s s i s t i n g j o u r n e y m a n by holding m a t e r i a l s o r t o o l s ; and p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k ille d ta s k s as d i r e c t e d by j o u r n e y m a n . T h e kind o f w o r k the h e l p e r is p e r m i t t e d to p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m tr a d e to t r a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s the h e l p e r i s c o n fin e d to s up p lyin g, l i f t i n g , and ho lding m a t e r i a l s and t o o l s , and c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s he is p e r m i t t e d to p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t i o n s , o r p a r ts o f a t r a d e that a r e a l s o p e r f o r m e d by w o r k e r s on a f u l l - t i m e b a s i s . C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a i r s j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cutting t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d i e s o r m o l d s used in shaping o r f o r m i n g m e t a l o r n o n m e ta llic m a t e r i a l ( e . g . , p l a s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g l a s s ) . W o r k t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e s : P lan n in g and l a y in g out w o r k a c c o r d i n g to m o d e l s , b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , o r o t h e r w r i t t e n o r o r a l s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u n de rs tan d in g the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a l s and a l l o y s ; s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r i a t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , and p r o c e s s e s r e q u i r e d to c o m p l e t e ta s k s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y shop c o m p u ta tio n s ; setting up and o p e r a t i n g v a r i o u s m a c h in e t o o l s and r e l a t e d equ ip m en t; using v a r i o u s t o o l and d ie m a k e r ' s handtools and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s tr u m e n ts ; w o r k i n g to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h e a t - t r e a t i n g m e t a l p a r ts and fin is h e d to o ls and d i e s to a c h i e v e r e q u i r e d q u a l i t i e s ; f i tti n g and a s s e m b l i n g p a r ts to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s and a l l o w a n c e s . In g e n e r a l , the t o o l and d ie m a k e r ' s w o r k r e q u i r e s roun ded t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u all y a c q u i r e d th ro u g h f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T o o lro o m ) S p e c i a l i z e s in o p e r a t i n g one o r m o r e than one typ e o f m a c h in e t o o l ( e . g . , j i g b o r e r , g r i n d i n g m a c h i n e , engin e la th e, m i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) to m a c h in e m e t a l f o r us e in m a k i n g o r m a i n ta i n i n g j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cutting t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d i e s o r m o l d s used in shaping o r f o r m i n g m e t a l o r n o n m e t a l l i c m a t e r ia l (e .g ., p la s tic , p la s te r, rubber, gla s s). W ork ty p ica lly in v o lve s : P la n n in g and p e r f o r m i n g d i f f i c u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s w h ic h r e q u i r e c o m p l i c a t e d setups o r a high d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; s e ttin g up m a c h i n e t o o l o r t o o l s ( e . g . , i n s t a l l cuttin g t o o l s and adju st g u id es , sto ps, w o r k i n g t a b l e s , and o t h e r c o n t r o l s to handle the s i z e o f stock to be m a c h in e d ; d e t e r m i n e p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l i n g , and o p e r a t i o n se qu e n c e o r s e l e c t th o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w i n g s , b l u e p r i n ts , o r l a y o u t s ); using a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y ad ju s tm e n ts d u r in g m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n to a c h i e v e r e q u i s i t e d i m e n s i o n s to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s . M a y be r e q u i r e d to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n ts and cutting and l u b r i c a t i n g o i l s , to r e c o g n i z e w h en t o o l s n e e d d r e s s i n g , and to d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f a m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) at the s k i l l l e v e l c a l l e d f o r in this c l a s s i f i c a t i o n r e q u i r e s e x t e n s i v e k n o w le d g e o f m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro ugh c o n s i d e r a b l e o n - t h e - j o b t r a i n i n g a n d exp erien ce. i n c lu d e shops. F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e study p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o l r o o m ) e m p l o y e d in t o o l and die jo b b in g F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e study p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not in c lu d e t o o l and d ie m a k e r s who (1) a r e e m p l o y e d in t o o l and d ie j o b b in g shops o r (2) p r o d u c e f o r g i n g d i e s ( d ie s i n k e r s ) . S T A T IO N A R Y E NG IN EE R O p e r a t e s and m a i n ta i n s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v i s e the o p e r a t i o n o f s t a t i o n a r y e n g in e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n i c a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) to supply the e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h ich e m p l o y e d w ith p o w e r , heat, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c o n d itio n in g. W ork in vo lves: O p e r a t i n g and m ain ta in in g e q u ip m en t such as s te a m e n g i n e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , tu r b i n e s , v e n t i l a t i n g and r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t, s te a m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r pum ps; m a k i n g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t i o n o f m a c h i n e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , and f u e l c on su m p tio n . M ay also su p ervise these operation s. H ead o r c h i e f e n g i n e e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e than one e n g i n e e r are exclu d ed . B O IL E R T E N D E R F ire s s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r s to f u r n is h the e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h ich e m p l o y e d w it h heat, p o w e r , o r s te a m . F e e d s f u e l s to f i r e by hand or o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n i c a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a t e r and safety v a lv e s . M a y c l e a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a i r i n g b o i l e r r o o m equ ip m en t. Material Movement and Custodial T R U C K D R IV E R D r i v e s a tr u c k w it h in a c i t y o r i n d u s t r i a l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m en t, o r w o r k e r s b e tw e e n v a r i o u s t y p e s o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s such a s : M a n u fa c t u rin g p la n ts, f r e i g h t d e p o ts , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e s a l e and r e t a i l . e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , o r b e t w e e n r e t a i l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and c u s t o m e r s ' ho u s e s o r p l a c e s of b u s in e s s . M a y a l s o l o a d o r unload tr u c k w ith o r w ith out h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n i c a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p tr u c k in good w o rk in g o rd e r. S a l e s r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x c l u d e d . F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r i v e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d by s i z e and ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t, as f o l l o w s : ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r should be r a t e d on the b a s is o f t r a i l e r c a p a city.) T R U C K D R I V E R — Con tinued T ru ck d river, T ru ck d river, T ru ck d river, T ru ck d river, lig h t t r u c k (under 1 */2 to n s ) m e d i u m tr u c k ( 1 V2 to and inc lu d in g 4 to ns) h e a v y tr u c k ( t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to n s ) h e a v y tr u c k ( o t h e r than t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to n s ) S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d i s e f o r s h ip m en t, o r r e c e i v e s a.nd i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r i n c o m i n g s h ip m en ts o f m e r c h a n d i s e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s . Shipping w o r k i n v o l v e s : A k n o w l e d g e o f shipping p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r o u te s , a v a i l a b l e m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , and r a t e s ; and p r e p a r i n g r e c o r d s o f the goods SHIPPING A N D R ECEIVING CLER K — Continued SHIPPING PAC K ER — Continued ship ped, m a k i n g up b i l l s o f la d in g , p o s tin g w e i g h t and shipping c h a r g e s , and k e e p in g a f i l e o f ship ping r e c o r d s . M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g the m e r c h a n d i s e f o r s h ip m en t. R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s : V e rify in g or d irectin g o t h e r s in v e r i f y i n g the c o r r e c t n e s s o f s hip m en ts a g a in s t b i l l s o f lad in g , i n v o i c e s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r s h o r t a g e s and r e j e c t i n g d a m a g e d g ood s ; r o u tin g m e r c h a n d i s e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; and m a i n tain in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f i l e s . shipping c o n t a i n e r s and m a y i n v o l v e one o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : K n o w l e d g e o f v a r i o u s i t e m s o f stoc k in o r d e r to v e r i f y content; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r i a t e typ e and s i z e o f c o n t a i n e r ; i n s e r t i n g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a i n e r ; using e x c e l s i o r o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c l o s i n g and s e a l i n g c o n t a i n e r ; and ap p ly in g l a b e l s o r e n t e r i n g i d e n t i f y i n g data on c o n t a i n e r . Packers who a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d . M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R F o r wage study p u r p o s e s , w orkers a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s : Shipping c l e r k R eceivin g c lerk Shipping and r e c e i v i n g c l e r k WAREHOUSEMAN A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f w a r e h o u s i n g duties w h ich r e q u i r e an un de rs tand in g o f the e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s s t o r a g e p l a n . Work in v o lve s m ost o f the f o l l o w i n g : V e r i f y i n g m a t e r i a l s ( o r m e r c h a n d i s e ) a g a in s t r e c e i v i n g d o c u m e n ts , noting and r e p o r t i n g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; rou tin g m a t e r i a l s to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n s ; s t o r i n g , stack in g , o r p a l l e t i z i n g m a t e r i a l s in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g i n g and t a k i n g i n v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s ; e x a m i n i n g s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s and r e p o r t i n g d e t e r i o r a t i o n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s t o r a g e and p r e p a r i n g it f o r s hip m en t. M a y o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r tr u c k s in p e r f o r m i n g w a r e h o u s i n g d utie s . E x c lu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y duties i n v o l v e shipping and r e c e i v ing w o r k ( s e e Shipping and R e c e i v i n g C l e r k and Shipping P a c k e r ) , o r d e r f i l l i n g ( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t i n g p o w e r tr u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ) . ORDER F IL L E R A w o r k e r e m p l o y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu rin g plant, s t o r e , o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s i n v o l v e one o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : L o a d i n g and un lo ading v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s and m e r c h a n d i s e on o r f r o m f r e i g h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t i n g d e v i c e s ; unpa cking, s h e l v i n g , o r p la c i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e b y handtr uck, c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w . Longshore w o r k e r s , who loa d and un load s h ip s , a r e e x c lu d e d . P O W E R -TR U C K O PE RA TO R O p e r a t e s a m a n u a l l y c o n t r o l l e d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d tr u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g ood s and m a t e r i a l s o f a l l kinds about a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u f a c tu r in g plant, o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . truck, a r e c l a s s i f i e d by ty pe o f p o w e r - F o rk lift op erator P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r ( o t h e r than f o r k l i f t ) GUARD AN D W A TC H M AN Guard. P e r f o r m s ro u tin e p o l i c e d u ti e s , e i t h e r at f i x e d p os t o r on t o u r , m a i n ta i n i n g o r d e r , using a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . Inc lu d e s g u a r d s who a r e s ta tio n e d at gate and c h e c k on i d e n t i t y o f e m p l o y e e s and other persons e n te rin g . F i l l s shipping o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r f i n i s h e d goods f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d i s e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a l e s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o t h e r in s t r u c t i o n s . M a y , in ad dition to f i l l i n g o r d e r s and i n d i c a tin g i t e m s f i l l e d o r o m i t t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f ou tgo in g o r d e r s , r e q u i s i t i o n ad d itio n a l stock o r r e p o r t s h o rt s u p p li es to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m ot h e r r e l a t e d d uties. W atchm an. M a k e s rounds o f p r e m i s e s p r o p e r t y ag ain s t f i r e , t h e ft, and i l l e g a l e n t r y . J A N IT O R , p e rio d ic a lly in p ro tectin g P O R T E R , OR C L E A N E R C l e a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d i t i o n f a c t o r y w o r k i n g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t ho u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r other establish m en t. D uties i n v o l v f a c o m b i n a ti o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : S w e e p in g , m o p p i n g o r s c ru b b in g , and p o l i s h i n g f l o o r s ; r e m o v i n g c h ip s , t r a s h , and o t h e r r e f u s e ; dusting e q u ip m en t, f u r n i t u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l f i x t u r e s o r t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v i d i n g s u p p lie s and m i n o r m a in te n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; and c l e a n i n g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o v e r s , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s who s p e c i a l i z e in w i n d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c l u d e d . SH IPPIN G P A C K E R P r e p a r e s fin i s h e d p ro d u c ts f o r ship m en t o r s t o r a g e by p la c i n g th em in shipping c o n t a i n e r s , the s p e c i f i c o p e r a t i o n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g dependent upon the t y p e , s i z e , and n u m b e r o f units to be p ac k ed , the ty p e o f c o n ta in e r e m p l o y e d , and m e t h o d o f sh ip m en t. W o r k r e q u i r e s the p l a c i n g o f i t e m s in F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s as f o l l o w s : 24 Area Wage Surveys A l i s t of the l a t e s t b u lle tin s a v a i l a b l e is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . B u lle tin s m a y be p u r c h a s e d f r o m an y o f the B L S r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s shown on the b ack c o v e r , o r f r o m the S u p e r in te n d e n t of D o c u m e n ts , U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a sh in g to n , D . C . 20402. M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le to Su p e rin te n d e n t of D o c u m e n ts . A d i r e c t o r y o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e s u r v e y s , c o v e r i n g the y e a r s 1950 t h ro u g h 1975, is a v a i l a b l e on r e q u e s t . Area A k r o n , O h io , D e c . 1 9 7 6 1_________________________________________ A l b a n y —S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , Sept. 1976 _________________ A n a h e i m —Santa A n a —G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , Oct. 1976__________________________________________________ A t l a n t a , G a . , M a y 1977___________________________________________ B a l t i m o r e , M d . , A u g . 1976______________________________________ B i l l i n g s , M o n t . , July 1976_______________________________________ B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1 977___________________________________ B o s to n , M a s s . , A u g . 1976 _______________________________________ B u f f a l o , N . Y . , Oct. 1976 _________________________________________ C anton, Ohio , M a y 1 976__________________________________________ C h a tta n o o g a , T e n n . —G a . , Sept. 1976 ___________________________ C h i c a g o , 111., M a y 1976 __________________________________________ C i n c i n n a ti , O h io —K y . —I n d . , M a r . 1976_________________________ C l e v e l a n d , Ohio , Sept. 1976______________________________________ C o lu m b u s , O hio , Oct. 1976 ______________________________________ C o r p u s C h r i s t i , T e x . , July 1976________________________________ D a l l a s —F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , Oct. 1976___________________________ D a v e n p o r t —R o c k Isla n d —M o l i n e , I o w a —111., F e b . 1976_______ D ay ton , O hio, D e c . 1976 _________________________________________ D ayto n a B e a c h , F l a . , A u g . 1976 ________________________________ D e n v e r —B o u l d e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1976_____________________________ D e t r o i t , M i c h . , M a r . 1 977_______________________________________ F r e s n o , C a l i f . , June 1976 _______________________________________ G a i n e s v i l l e , F l a . , Sept. 1976 ____________________________________ G r e e n B a y , W i s . , July 1 976_____________________________________ G r e e n s b o r o —W i n s t o n - S a l e m —H ig h P o i n t , N . C . , A u g . 1976___________________________ ______________________ _ G r e e n v i l l e —S p a r ta n b u rg , S . C . , June 1976 1____________________ H a r t f o r d , Conn., M a r . 1977______________________________________ H ou ston, T e x . , A p r . 1976________________________________________ H u n t s v i l l e , A l a . , F e b . 1 9 7 7 1.................................................... ..... In d i a n a p o l i s , Ind., Oct. 1 976_____________________________________ J a c k s o n , M i s s . , F e b . 1 9 7 7 1 ______________________________________ J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1 9 7 6 1__________________________________ K a n s a s C i t y , M o . - K a n s . , Sept. 1976 1 _________________________ L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h , C a l i f . , Oct. 1 976__________________ L o u i s v i l l e , K y . —I n d . , N o v . 1976_________________________________ B u l l e t i n n u m b er and p r i c e * 1900-76, 85 cents 1900-59, 55 cents 1900-67, 1950-17, 1900-52, 1900-39, 1950-8, 1900-53, 1900-70, 1900-28, 1900-57, 1900-32, 1900-7, 1900-62, 1900-68, 1900-41, 1900-63, 1900-25, 1900-78, 1900-45, 1900-73, 1950-13, 1900-29, 1900-54, 1900-37, 75 cents $1.20 85 cents 55 cents 85 cents 85 cents 75 cents 55 cents 55 cents $ 1.05 75 cents 95 cents 75 cents 55 c6nts 85 cents 55 cents 85 cents 45 cents 85 cents $ 1 .2 0 55 cents 45 cents 55 cents 1900-47, 1900-36, 1950-9, 1900-26, 1950-4, 1900-58, 1950-2, 1900-80, 1900-60, 1900-77, 1900-69, 65 cents 85 cents 80 cents 85 cents $ 1 .4 0 75 cents $ 1 .5 0 85 cents $ 1.05 85 cents 55 cents Area M e m p h i s , T e n n . —A r k . —M i s s . , N o v . 1976 1_____________________ M i a m i , F l a . , Oct. 1976___________________________________________ M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , A p r . 1977 ____________________________________ M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M in n .—W i s . , Jan. 1977________________ N a s s a u —Su ffo lk , N. Y . , June 1976 _______________________________ N e w a r k , N .J . , Jan 1977 ___________________ ____ __________________ N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , Jan. 1977 1__________________________________ N e w Y o r k , N . Y . - N . J . , M a y 1976________________________________ N o r f o l k —V i r g i n i a B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h , V a . — N . C . , M a y 1977___________________________________________________ N o r f o l k —V i r g i n i a B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —H am p ton , V a . —N . C . , M a y 1976 1 ___________ N o r t h e a s t P e n n s y l v a n i a , Aug. 1976 ____________________________ O k la h o m a C i t y , O k l a . , Aug. 1976_______________________________ O m ah a, N e b r . —I o w a , Oct. 197 6 _________________________________ P a t e r s o n —C l i ft o n —P a s s a i c , N .J . , June 1976 __________________ P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N .J . , N ov . 1976 1____________________________ P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan. 1977 ______________________________________ P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , D e c . 1 9 7 6 1 ___________________________________ P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a sh ., M a y 1976 _____________________________ P o u g h k e e p s i e , N . Y . , June 1976 _________________________________ P o u g h k e e p s i e —K i n g s t o n —N e w b u r g h , N . Y . , June 197 6 ________ P r o v id e n c e—W a r w i c k —P a w t u c k e t , R. I.— M a s s . , June 197 6 ________________________________________________ R i c h m o n d , V a . , June 1976_______________________________________ St. L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1977 __________________________________ S a c r a m e n t o , C a l i f . , D e c . 1976 __________________________________ Sa gin a w , M i c h . , N o v . 1 9 7 6 1_____________________________________ S a lt L a k e C ity —Ogden, Utah, N ov . 1976_______________________ San A n to n i o , T e x . , M a y 197 6 ___________________________________ San D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1976____________________________________ San F r a n c i s c o —O akland, C a l i f . , M a r . 1976 ___________________ San J o s e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1977_____________________________________ S e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , Jan 1977 1_____________________________ South B en d , Ind., M a r . 1976 ____________________________________ S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , July 1976_______________________________________ T o l e d o , Ohio—M i c h . , M a y 1977__________________________________ T r e n t o n , N . J . , Sept. 1976________________________________________ W a sh in g ton , D . C . —M d . —V a . , M a r . 1977 _______________________ W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1977 1_____________________________________ W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , A p r . 1977 __________________________________ Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1977 ___________ ________ _______ ______ ___________ B u l l e t i n nu m b e r and p r i c e * 1900-75, 85 cents 1900-66, 7 5 cents 1950-14, $ 1.10 1950-3, $ 1.60 1900-35, 85 cents 1950-7, $ 1.60 1950-5, $ 1.60 1900-48, $ 1.05 1950-20, 70 cents 1900-33, 1900-43, 1900-42, 1900-61, 1900-38, 1900-64, 1950-1, 1900-72, 1900-51, 1900-50, 1900-55, 85 cents 65 cents 55 cents 55 cents 55 cents $ 1.10 $ 1.50 85 cents 75 cents 45 cents 55 cents 1900-31, 1900-34, 1950-10, 1900-71, 1900-74, 1900-65, 1900-23, 1900-79, 1900-9, 1950-19, 1950-12, 1900-5, 1900-44, 1950-18, 1900-56, 1950-11, 1950-16, 1950-15, 1950-6, 75 cents 65 cents $ 1.20 55 cents 75 cents 55 cents 65 cents 55 cents 95 cents $ 1.0 0 $ 1.20 55 cents 55 cents 80 cents 55 cents $ 1.20 $1.1 0 70 cents $ 1.10 * Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change, 1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. 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