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« I Dayton & Montgomery Co. ' Public Library AUG 10 13 71 DOCUMENT COLLECTION AR EA WAGE SURVEY T h e L u b b o ck, T e x a s , M etro p o litan A re a , M a rc h 1971 B u lle t in 1 6 8 5 - 6 0 U.S. D EPA R TM EN T OF LABOR / Bureau of Labor Statistics BUREAU OF LABOR S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S ALASKA R egion I Region 1 1 R egion 1 1 1 R egion IV 1 6 0 3 -A Federal B u ild in g 341 N in th A ve., Rm. 1025 4 0 6 Penn S quare B u ild in g G o v e rn m e n t C enter New York, N .Y . 10001 Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212) 1317 F ilb e rt S t. 1371 Peachtree S t. N E. P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 19107 P hone: 5 9 7 -7 7 9 6 (A rea C ode 215) A tla n ta , Ga. 3 0 3 0 9 P hone: 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8 (A rea C ode 404) B o s to n , Mass. 0 2 2 0 3 P hone. 2 2 3 -6 7 6 1 (A rea C ode 61 7) R egion V 219 S o u th D e a rb o rn S t. C hicago, III. 6 0 6 0 4 Phone: 3 5 3 -7 2 3 0 (A rea Code 312) R egion V I R egions V II and V III S u ite 54 0 R egions IX and X 1 1 0 0 C om m erce S t., R m . 6B 7 Dallas, T e x . 7 5 2 0 2 Federal O ffic e B u ild in g 911 W a ln u t S t., 10 th F lo o r 4 5 0 G o ld e n G ate A ve. P hone: 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (A rea Code 214) Kansas C ity , M o . 6 4 1 0 6 P hone: 37 4-24 81 (A rea Code 816) San Francisco, C a lif. 9 4 1 0 2 Regions V II and V III w ill be serviced b y Kansas C ity . R egions IX and X w ill be serviced b y San F rancisco. B ox 3 6 0 1 7 Phone: 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (A rea C ode 415) U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR J. D. Hodgson, Secretary B U R EA U OF LABOR S TA TISTIC S Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner AR EA WAGE SURVEY T h e L u b b o c k, T e x a s , M e tro p o lita n A re a , M a rc h 1971 B u lle tin 1 6 8 6 - 6 0 June 1971 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 30 cents Contents Preface Page T h e B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s is d e s ig n e d t o p r o v i d e d a ta on o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n i n g s , a n d e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It y i e l d s d e t a ile d d a ta b y s e l e c t e d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n f o r e a c h o f th e a r e a s s t u d ie d , f o r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s , a n d f o r th e U n ite d S t a t e s . A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in th e p r o g r a m i s th e n e e d f o r g r e a t e r in s i g h t in to (1 ) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t io n a l c a t e g o r y a nd s k i l l l e v e l , an d (2 ) th e s t r u c t u r e a nd l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s . A t th e e n d o f e a c h s u r v e y , an in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l le t in p r e s e n t s th e s u r v e y r e s u l t s . A f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f a ll o f th e in d iv id u a l a r e a b u ll e t in s f o r a r o u n d o f s u r v e y s , tw o s u m m a r y b u ll e t in s a r e i s s u e d . T h e f i r s t b r i n g s d a ta f o r e a c h o f th e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s tu d ie d in to o n e b u ll e t in . T h e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s in f o r m a t i o n w h ic h h a s b e e n p r o j e c t e d f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a d a ta t o r e l a t e t o g e o g r a p h ic r e g i o n s a n d th e U n ite d S t a t e s . I n t r o d u c t io n __________________________________________________________________________ W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _______________________________ T a b le s : 1. 2. A. E s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a nd n u m b e r s tu d ie d ____________________________________________________________ I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k ly s a l a r i e s a n d s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a n d p e r c e n t s o f i n c r e a s e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s ---------------------------------------O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s : A - l . O f f i c e o c c u p a t io n s —w o m e n ________________________________________ A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s — e n ------------------------m A - 3 . O f fic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s — m e n a n d w o m e n c o m b i n e d ______________________________________ A - 4 . M a in t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s --------------------------------A - 5 . C u s t o d ia l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s --------------------- A p p e n d ix . O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------- N in e t y a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e in c lu d e d in th e p r o g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , i n f o r m a t i o n o n o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s is c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly a n d on e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s b ie n n ia lly . T h is b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y in L u b b o c k , T e x . , in M a r c h 1 9 7 1 . T h e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t th ro u g h J a n u a ry 1968, c o n s is t s o f L u b b o ck C ou n ty. T h is s tu d y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in D a l l a s , T e x . , u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f B o y d B . O 'N e a l , A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l D i r e c t o r f o r O p e r a t io n s . 1 4 NOTE: S i m i l a r t a b u la t io n s a r e a s . (S e e in s i d e b a c k c o v e r . ) are a v a ila b le fo r o th e r U n io n s c a l e s , in d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in th e L u b b o c k a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r b u ild in g c o n s t r u c t io n ; p r in t in g ; l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t in g e m p l o y e e s ; a n d lo c a l tr u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . 3 5 6 7 7 8 8 10 In tr o d u c tio n T h is a r e a is 1 o f 90 in w h ic h th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r 's B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s c o n d u c t s s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d b e n e f it s o n an a r e a w id e b a s i s . 1 e it h e r ( l ) e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n is t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a ta t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t d a ta . E a r n in g s d a ta n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e ly f o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e in c lu d e d in a l l in d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d d a ta , w h e r e s h o w n . L i k e w i s e , d a ta a r e in c lu d e d in th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h e n a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f s e c r e t a r i e s o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is n o t s h o w n o r in f o r m a t i o n t o s u b c l a s s i f y is n o t a v a i l a b l e . T h is b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s c u r r e n t o c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t an d e a r n in g s in f o r m a t i o n o b t a in e d l a r g e l y b y m a i l f r o m th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s v i s i t e d b y B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s in th e l a s t p r e v i o u s s u r v e y f o r o c c u p a t io n s r e p o r t e d in th a t e a r l i e r s tu d y . P e r s o n a l v i s i t s w e r e m a d e to n o n r e s p o n d e n t s a n d t o t h o s e r e s p o n d e n t s r e p o r t i n g u n u s u a l c h a n g e s s i n c e th e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y . O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t a n d e a r n in g s d a ta a r e s h o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in th e g iv e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n in g s d a ta e x c lu d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and la t e s h if t s . N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , b u t c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a llo w a n c e s a n d in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s a r e i n c lu d e d . W h e r e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is to th e s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k (r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a t r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s h a v e b e e n r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o ll a r . In e a c h a r e a , d a ta a r e o b t a in e d f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l is h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t io n s an d th e c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e th e y te n d to f u r n is h in s u f f i c i e n t e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d to w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n . S e p a r a t e t a b u la t io n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h ic h m e e t p u b lic a t i o n c r i t e r i a . T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s in an a r e a a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r i s o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y n ot r e f le c t e x p e c te d w a ge ch a n g e s . The a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s and e m p lo y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F o r e x a m p l e , p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y h ig h - o r l o w - w a g e f i r m s m a y c h a n g e o r h ig h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s a n d b e r e p l a c e d b y n e w w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s . S u ch s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t c o u ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s t a b lis h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g th e y e a r . T r e n d s in e a r n in g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in t a b le 2 , a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th a n in d iv id u a l j o b s w ith in th e g r o u p s . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f th e u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s . To o b ta in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y at m i n im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e th a n o f s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s tu d ie d . In c o m b i n in g th e d a ta , h o w e v e r , a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t . E s t i m a t e s b a s e d o n th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e la t in g t o a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e in d u s t r y g r o u p in g a n d a r e a , e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e lo w th e m in im u m s i z e s tu d ie d . O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n in g s T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c t u r in g a n d n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s , a n d a r e o f th e f o llo w in g t y p e s : ( l ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2 ) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l ; (3) m a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e r p la n t ; a n d (4) c u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t. O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d o n a u n if o r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d t o ta k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u tie s w ith in th e s a m e jo b . T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e l i s t e d an d d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d ix . T h e e a r n in g s d a ta f o llo w in g th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a l l i n d u s t r ie s c o m b i n e d . E a r n in g s d a ta f o r s o m e o f th e o c c u p a t io n s l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w ith in o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n t e d r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w id e e s t i m a tes. I n d u s t r ie s a n d e s t a b lis h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l an d jo b s t a ffin g a n d , th u s , c o n t r ib u t e d i f f e r e n t l y t o th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h jo b . T h e p a y r e la t io n s h ip o b t a in a b le f r o m th e a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a in t a in e d a m o n g j o b s in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in a n y o f th e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s h o u ld n o t b e a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f th e s e x e s w ith in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s . O t h e r p o s s i b l e f a c t o r s w h ic h m a y c o n t r ib u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n an d w o m e n in c lu d e : D i f f e r e n c e s in p r o g r e s s i o n w ith in e s t a b l i s h e d r a te r a n g e s , s i n c e o n ly th e a c t u a l 1 Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State r a t e s p a id in c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; a n d d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c d u tie s Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (o ffice occu p e r f o r m e d , a lth o u g h th e w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y w ith in pations only); Syracuse; and Utica—Rome. In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies th e s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g in 77 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour Division of the U. S. Department o f Labor. 1 2 e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th a n t h o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d a llo w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e s p e c i f i c d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d . O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t th e t o t a l in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e s tu d y a n d n o t th e n u m b e r a c t u a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s , th e e s t im a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b t a in e d f r o m th e s a m p le o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s tu d ie d . T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f th e e a r n in g s d a ta . E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s a nd S u p p le m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s T a b u la t io n s on s e l e c t e d e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a nd s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in th is b u ll e t in . I n fo r m a t io n f o r t h e s e t a b u la t io n s is c o l l e c t e d b ie n n ia lly . T h e s e t a b u la t io n s o n m i n im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; s h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ; s c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s ; p a id h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; a nd h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a nd p e n s io n p la n s a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) in p r e v i o u s b u ll e t in s f o r th is a r e a . 3 T a b le 1. Establishm ents and w o rk e rs within scope of survey and n um ber studied in Lubbock, T e x .,1 by m ajor industry division,2 M arch 1971 Minimum em ploym ent in esta b lish ments in scope o f study Industry d ivision A ll d ivision s____________ _______ _______ M anufacturing___________________________________ Nonm anufacturing_______________________________ T ransp ortation, com m unication, and other public u tilities 5 ______________________ W holesale t r a d e 6 ____ _ _ -------------- _ _ R etail trade 6_________________________________ F inance, insu ra n ce, and rea l e s ta te 6 ______ S erv ices 6 7___________________________________ _ Number o f establishm ents W orkers in establishm ents Within scope o f study4 Within scope o f stu dy3 Studied Studied Number P ercent 133 63 17, 038 100 11,345 50 “ 42 91 22 41 5,061 11,977 30 70 3 ,657 7,688 50 50 50 50 50 15 18 38 8 12 ___________________ 10 7 13 5 6 2,905 1,412 5,652 1, 146 862 17 8 33 7 5 2, 530 680 3, 257 796 425 1 The Lubbock Standard M etropolitan S tatistical A re a , as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through January 1968, co n sists of Lubbock County. The "w o rk e r s within scop e o f study" estim ates shown in this table p rovid e a reasonably a ccu rate d escrip tio n of the siz e and com p osition o f the la b or fo r c e included in the su rvey. The estim ates a re not intended, how ever, to s e rv e as a b asis o f co m p a rison with other em ploym ent indexes fo r the area to m easu re em ploym ent trends o r le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of wage surveys req u ires the use o f establishm ent data com p iled con sid era b ly in advance of the p a yroll p e rio d studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents a re excluded fro m the scop e o f the survey. 2 The 1967 edition o f the Standard Industrial C la ssifica tio n Manual was u sed in cla ssify in g establishm ents by industry division . 3 Includes all establishm ents with total em ploym ent at o r above the m inim um lim itation . A ll outlets (within the a rea ) of com panies in such industries as trad e, finance, auto rep a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p icture theaters a re con sid e re d as 1 establishm ent. 4 Includes all w ork ers in all establishm ents with total em ploym ent (within the a rea ) at o r above the m inim um lim itation. 5 A bbreviated to "p u b lic u tilitie s " in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s. T axicabs and s e r v ic e s incidental to w ater transportation w ere excluded. 6 This industry d ivision is rep resen ted in estim ates fo r "a ll in d u strie s" and "nonm anufacturing" in the S eries A ta b le s. Separate p resentation of data fo r this division is not m ade fo r one o r m o re of the follow ing rea son s: (1) E m ploym ent in the division is too sm all to p rovid e enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sam ple was not designed in itially to p erm it separate p resentation, (3) resp on se was insu fficien t or inadequate to perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is p o ss ib ility o f d isc lo s u re of individual establishm ent data. 7 H otels and m o te ls ; laundries and other p erson a l s e r v ic e s ; busin ess s e r v ic e s ; autom obile re p a ir, rental, and parking; m otion p ictu res; nonprofit m em b ersh ip organ ization s (excluding religiou s and ch aritable organ iza tion s); and engineering and arch itectu ral s e r v ic e s . T hree-ten th s of the w o rk e rs within scop e of the survey in the Lubbock area w ere em ployed in m anufacturing fir m s . The follow ing p resen ts the m a jo r industry groups and s p e c ific industries as a p ercen t of all m anufacturing: Industry groups S p ecific industries F ood and kindred p ro d u c ts ____ 41 M ach in ery, except e le c tr ic a l— 19 E le c tr ic a l equipment and supplies________________________ 10 F a b rica ted m etal p rod u cts_____10 C onstruction and related m achinery______________________15 M iscella n eou s foods and kindred p r o d u c ts ______________ 15 F a b rica ted structural m etal p ro d u c ts _______________________ 10 This inform ation is based on estim ates o f total em ploym ent d erived fro m un iverse m ateria ls com p iled p r io r to actual survey. P rop ortion s in va riou s industry division s m ay d iffer fro m p rop ortion s based on the resu lts of the survey as shown in table 1 above. W a g e T r e n d s fo r S e le c te d O c c u p a tio n a l G ro u p s s h o w s th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e . The in d e x is the p r o d u c t o f m u lt ip ly in g th e b a s e y e a r r e l a t i v e ( 1 0 0 ) b y th e r e l a t i v e f o r th e n e x t s u c c e e d i n g y e a r and c o n t i n u i n g t o m u l t i p l y ( c o m p o u n d ) e a c h y e a r ' s r e l a t i v e b y the p r e v io u s y e a r 's in dex. P r e s e n t e d in t a b l e 2 a r e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s . The in d e xe s a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f w a g e s d u r i n g th e b a s e p e r i o d . S u b t r a c t i n g 100 f r o m th e i n d e x y i e l d s the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m the b a s e p e r i o d to t h e d a t e o f th e i n d e x . T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e r e l a t e to w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n the i n d i c a t e d d a t e s . Annual ra tes of in c r e a s e , w h e r e s h o w n , r e f l e c t th e a m o u n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n t h s w h e n th e t i m e p e r i o d b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s o t h e r than 12 m o n t h s . T h e s e c o m p u t a t i o n s w e r e b a s e d o n th e a s s u m p t i o n th at w a g e s i n c r e a s e d at a c o n s t a n t r a t e betw een s u r v e y s . T h e s e e s t im a t e s a re m e a s u r e s o f ch a n g e in a v e r a g e s f o r th e a r e a ; t h e y a r e not i n t e n d e d t o m e a s u r e a v e r a g e p a y c h a n g e s in th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e a r e a . F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , th e w a g e t r e n d s r e l a t e t o r e g u l a r w e e k l y s a l a r i e s f o r the n o r m a l w o r k w e e k , e x clu siv e of earn ings fo r o v e r tim e . F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , e x c l u d i n g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and late s h ift s. The p e r c e n t a g e s are b a s e d on data f o r s e le c t e d key o c c u p a t i o n s and i n c l u d e m o s t o f t h e n u m e r i c a l l y i m p o r t a n t j o b s w ith in each group. L im itation s o f D ata M ethod o f C om putin g T h e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e , as m e a s u r e s of ch a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e in flu e n c e d by: (1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and w a g e c h a n g e s , (2) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i v i d u a l w o r k e r s w h i l e i n th e s a m e j o b , and (3) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e w a g e s du e t o c h a n g e s i n th e l a b o r f o r c e r e s u l t i n g f r o m l a b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r tion s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith d if f e r e n t pay l e v e l s . C h a n g e s i n th e l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in th e o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s w ith ou t a ctu a l w a g e c h a n g e s . It i s c o n c e i v a b l e th at e v e n t h o u g h a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n an a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s , a v e ra g e w a ges m a y have d e c lin e d b e c a u s e lo w e r -p a y in g esta b lish m en ts e n t e r e d th e a r e a o r e x p a n d e d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s . S im ila rly , wages m a y h a v e r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y c o n s t a n t , y e t th e a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a m a y have r is e n c o n s id e r a b ly b e c a u s e h ig h e r -p a y in g esta b lish m en ts e n t e r e d th e a r e a . E a c h o f th e f o l l o w i n g k e y o c c u p a t i o n s w i t h i n an o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p w as a s sig n e d a co n sta n t w eigh t b a s e d on its p r o p o r t io n a te e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p : Office clerical (men and women): Office clerical (m en and women)— Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Continued Bookkeeping-machine Electricians Secretaries operators, class B Machinists Stenographers, general Clerks, accounting, classes Mechanics Stenographers, senior A and B Mechanics (automotive) Switchboard operators, classes Clerks, file, classes Painters A and B A, B, and C Pipefitters Tabulating-machine operators, Clerks, order Tool and die makers class B Clerks, payroll Typists, classes A and B Comptometer operators Unskilled plant (men): Keypunch operators, classes Janitors, porters, and cleaners Industrial nurses (m en and women): A and B Nurses, industrial (registered) Laborers, material handling Office boys and girls The p l i e d b y th e in th e g r o u p w e re related g a t e f o r th e T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p l o y m e n t w e i g h t s e l i m i n a t e s th e e f f e c t o f c h a n g e s i n th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d i n e a c h j o b i n c l u d e d in th e d a t a . The p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch ange r e f le c t on ly ch anges in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s . T h e y a r e not in flu e n c e d by c h a n g e s in s ta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le s , as such , o r by p r e m i u m pay for ov ertim e. W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , d a t a w e r e a d j u s t e d to r e m o v e f r o m th e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d b y c h a n g e s i n th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . a v era g e (m ean) e a rn in g s f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n w e r e m u lt i o c c u p a t i o n a l w e i g h t , and th e p r o d u c t s f o r a l l o c c u p a t i o n s w e r e tota led. The aggregates fo r 2 con secu tiv e y e a rs b y d i v i d i n g th e a g g r e g a t e f o r t h e l a t e r y e a r b y th e a g g r e e a rlier yea r. T h e r e s u l t a n t r e l a t i v e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t , 4 5 Table 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Lubbock, Tex., March 1970 and March 1971, and percents of increase for selected periods Office clerical (men and women) Period Industrial nurses (men and women) Skilled maintenance trades (men) Unskilled plant workers (men) Indexes (June 1967=100) March 1970___________ __________________________________ March 1971______________________________________________ 114. 0 119. 2 (!) ( ) (M (*) 130. 5 Indexes (May 1967=100) Marrh 1Q7 1 ______ _ __ __ _ __________ __ _ 149. 2 (M (l) (>) n 123. 8 161.4 Percents of increase June I960 to May 1961: 3. 1 3.4 (>) (*) (*) C) 3. 1 3. 4 3. 7 3. 4 (!) ( ) (M n .6 .6 2. 4 3. 8 3. 7 2. 9 6. 3 4. 1 Annual rate of increase--------------------------- -------------------- (*) o > (M 3.9' May 1961 to June 1962: June 1968 to March 1969: 4. 2 1 1 ( ') (>) ( ') (•) 1 1 .8 6. 2 8. 5 (l) (M 4. 3 (l) ( !> t ) ( l) 5. 1 4. 6 H (l) 1 Data do not meet publication criteria. NOTE: Most previously published indexes for the Lubbock area used May 1961 as the base period. They can be converted to the new base period by dividing them by the corresponding index numbers for June 1967 on the May 1961 base period as shown in the table. (The result should be multiplied by 100.) 7. 5 7. 3 6 A. O ccupational earnings T a b le A -1. O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s -w o m e n (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex., March 1971) W eekly earnings * (standard) Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of— S Sex, occupation, and industry division Tf w orkers « * ly hours1 (standard) M ean2 M edian2 M iddle range2 S 60 and under $ % 65 _ ?° 70 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 5 $ $ 75 _ 75 8° $ $ 85 $ 9° $ 95 10° $ 105 $ U° $ 115 $ 120 — 80 85 90 95 1 00 1 05 1 10 115 1 - 120 $ 125 $ $ 130 — — 125 130 135 - - - $ 135 $ 140 — 140 145 — 145 $ 150 — 150 $ 155 160 and 155 160 over WOMEN BOOKKEEPI NG- MACHI NE OPERATORS, C L A S S B ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 40.0 $ 8 2 . 0C C L E R K S , A C C 0 0 N T I N G , C L A S S A -------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 39 35 40.0 4 0 .C 110.50 111.50 CLERKS, ACCOUNTI NG, CLASS 113.50 115.00 - 1 8 5 . 0 0 - 1 3 1 . CO 84.50-132.00 - - - 18 5 9 5 - - 115 KEY PUNCH O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S B -----------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 65 52 S E C RE T A R I E S --------------------------------------------------------------- 1C4 40.0 114.00 113.00 99.0 0 -1 29 .5 0 - - 40.0 87 3 9 .5 100.50 116.50 102.50 116.50 8 7 .50-114.00 101.00-134.00 - - 6 8 - - 84.50 8 6 . CO 82.50 84.00 7 1 .5 0-103.00 9 1 . 5 0 - 1 1 6 . 5C 7 4 .507 4 .0 0 - 9 4 . QC 96.50 18 - S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S B -------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 27 23 40.0 40.0 119.50 1 2 2 . 5C 120.00 122.50 26 20 40.0 4 0 .i 120.50 127.00 118.50 127.50 99 .5 0 -1 46 .0 0 1 1 6 . 0 0 - 1 5 3 . CO S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S 0 --------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 44 37 39.5 39.5 1 0 5 . CO 105.50 103.00 103.50 9 5 .00-117.00 9 5 . 5 0 - 1 1 7 . 5C S T E N O G R A P H E R S , G E N E R A L -------------------------------N ON M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------------------------- 61 53 19 40.0 40.0 4 0.0 91.00 91.50 98.50 88.50 89.50 93.50 8 2 .5 0 - 97.50 82.00-101.00 88.50-115.00 S T E N O G R A P H E R S , S E N I O R ----------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 30 30 40.0 40.0 112.00 112.00 106.00 106.00 B -------------- 17 40.0 78.50 77.00 7 2 .5 0 - 40.0 79.50 77.50 7 2 .5 0 - 91.50 - 5 6 5 1 1 5 5 4 3 3 3 5 7 2 1 9 6 8 2 3 3 1 10 - 8 - - 1 - 8 - - - 2 2 - - - 1 - - - 9 - 3 5 - S WI T C H B O A R D S WI T C H B O A RD TYPISTS, OPERATORS, CLASS OPERATOR-RECEPTIONI STS- CLASS B ------------------------------ NONMANUF AC T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of tables, 21 1 - - - - - - 4 1 3 4 5 1 - - - 2 5 - - 5 5 - - - 5 3 - - - - 8 1 - 1 10 1 1 - 12 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 1 2 2 1 12 3 6 - 1 5 13 11 2 9 - 6 15 3 3 2 2 - 3 3 3 8 8 - 3 7 7 3 3 1 3 2 8 5 . CC 15 - 7 6 3 - 1 1 4 16 6 6 4 - 12 16 11 3 - - 101.00-127.00 101.00-127.00 NON M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 7 2 17 15 1 8 4 1 0 7 .5 C -140.00 1 1 C. C O - 1 4 1 . 5 0 S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S C -------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------- 1 - 6 2 - 3 - 10 9 4 3 - 10 8 1 0 11 8 2 1 - 17 40.0 40.0 87.50 1C3.00 73.5 0 -1 02 .0 0 4 - 1 01 46 87.50 101.50 88.00 $ $ 7 6 .5 0 - 88.00 B ------------------ 40.0 40.0 88.00 81.50 NONMANUF A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------------------------- M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N 0 N M A N U F A C T U R 1 N G ------------------------------------------------ 40.0 $ - - 1 - 1 1 1 1 - - 3 - - 2 - 1 - 105 - 1 1 2 4 4 4 - 1 2 - 5 5 - - 3 - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 8 7 13 13 13 7 - 11 10 2 5 4 6 - 6 6 1 1 - 1 1 5 5 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - 3 - 2 6 - - 3 6 1 1 3 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 40.0 81.50 85.00 72 .0 0 - 9 3 . OC 3 4 - 1 - 2 - - - - - - - - - - 45 39.0 81.50 79.50 7 3 .5 0 - 89.00 - - 16 8 6 6 2 - 5 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 45 39.0 81.50 79.50 7 3 .5 0 - 89.00 - - 16 8 6 6 2 - 5 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 7 - 7 T a b le A -2 . P r o f e s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —m en and w o m e n (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex. , March 1971) W eekly earnings 1 (standard) Number of workers $ Average weekly hours1 (standard) i 90 and under Number of workers receiving straight- time weekly earnings of— S $ i t $ t V $ * $ $ M ean 2 M edian 2 M iddle ran ge2 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 95 Sex, occupation, and industry division 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 1 1 1 MEN C O M P U T E R O P ER AT OR S, c l a s s NONMANUFACTURING $ $ $ $ 124.00 127.50 10 4 . 5 0 - 1 4 8 . 0 0 124.w0 125.00 1 0 5 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 . 0C 18 15 DR AF T S M E N , C L A S S B 40.0 40.0 30 26 d 7 0 c 115.50 114.50 1 0 1 . 5 0 40.0 1 1 2 . 5C 112.00 100.50- 2 2 _ 126.00 123.50 See footnotes at end of tables. O f fic e , p ro fe s sio n a l, and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —m en and w o m e n c o m b in e d (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex., March 1971) Average 26 40.0 CL ER KS , AC CO UN TI NG , CL AS S A -------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------ 45 37 40.0 1 1 1 . 0 0 40.0 112.00 CL ER KS , OR DE R ---------------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------ 118 17 101 46 43 41 $ 82.00 40.0 88.00 40.0 90.50 40.0 87.50 40.0 101.50 40.0 40.0 88.00 87.50 Number of $ 40.0 114.50 40.0 100.50 39.5 117.50 SE CR ET A R I E S , CL A S S B -----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------- 27 23 40.0 119.50 40.0 122.50 SE CR ET A R I E S , CL AS S C ----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------- 27 21 40.0 123.00 40.0 130.00 SE CR ET A R I E S , CL A S S D -----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------- 44 37 39.5 105.00 39.5 105.50 61 53 19 40.0 40.0 40.0 30 30 40 .0 112.00 40.0 112.30 65 52 40.0 40 .0 84.50 86.00 OF FI CE BOYS ANC GIRLS -----------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------ 16 16 39.5 39.5 86.00 86.00 S T E N O G R A P H E R S , SE NI OR ------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------- Weekly hours 1 (standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) 17 15 40.0 40.0 $ 78.50 79.50 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS- 105 17 88 K E Y P U N C H O P ER AT OR S, CLASS B ------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------ Average Occupation and industry division 21 81.50 TY PISTS, CL AS S B ---------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------ 45 45 39.0 39.0 81.50 81.50 21 17 40.0 40.0 125.50 126.50 OF FICE O C C U P A T I O N S S E C R E T A R I E S ------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------- ST E N O G R A P H E R S , G E NE RA L ----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------P U BL IC U T I L I T I E S ------------- See footnote at end of tables. Weekly earnings 1 (standard) OF FI CE O C C U P A T I O N S - C O N T I N U E D B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E OPER AT OR S, CL A S S B ------------------------------------------------------------------------- CL ER KS , AC CO UN TI NG , CL AS S B -------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------PU BLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------ Occupation and industry division Weekly hours 1 (standard) 91.03 91.50 98.50 - CONTINUED SW I T C H B O A R D OP ER AT OR S, CLASS B ---N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------ PR O F E S S I O N A L AND TE CHNICAL O C CU PA TI ON S C O M P U T E R O P E R AT OR S, CL AS S B ------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------C O M P U T E R PR 0G RA ME RS , BUSINESS, CL A S S B --------------------------------------------- 15 * OF F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S Average Number of O o Weekly Weekly hours 1 earnings 1 (standard) (standard) 9- Occupation and industry division Number of DR AF TS ME N, CL A S S B --------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------------------------------- 31 26 40.0 116.50 40.0 112.50 o o T a b le A -3 . 168.00 8 T a b le A - 4 . M a in te n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t occu p atio n s (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex. , March 1971) Hourly earnings3 Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers M edian2 M ean 2 Number of workers receiving straight- time hourly earnings of t i $ ( t i t t $ $ $ $ t t $ * 2.80 2.90 3.CC 3.10 3.2C 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4. 10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.5C 4.60 Under 2.6C 2.7C % and 2.6C under s $ Middle ran g e2 $ $ i 2.7C 2.80 2.90 3.0C 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.0C 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.5C 4.60 4.70 MEN MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE 21 >. a a. r- r- MANUFA CT UR IN G — — — — — 49 — — $ 3.26 $ 3.41 $ $ 2.75 - 3.48 3.17 3.09 3.15 3.06 2.87 - 3.30 2.85 - 3.25 2 7 7 B 1 8 1 1 _ _ 12 12 2 2 _ _ 8 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 See footnotes at end of tables. T a b le A - 5 . C u sto dial and m aterial m o v e m e n t o ccupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex., March 1971) Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— Hourly earnings3 $ * * $ * $ * $ * $ » $ s s s $ $ $ $ $ s $ * 1.60 1.7C 1.80 1.90 2.CO 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 3.00 3.2C 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.2C 4.40 4.60 4.8C Sex, occupation, and industry division Median2 Middle range 3 under 1.7C 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.8C 18 $ 1.90 $ 1.88 $ $ 1.83- 2.05 1 - 11 2 - - A JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CL EANERS --MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 196 92 104 1.93 2.08 1.80 1.8B 2.11 1.70 1.68- 2.14 1.90- 2.33 1.65- 1.90 6C 8 52 21 A 17 21 11 10 14 10 A 20 1C 1C 29 25 4 “ LABORERS, MA TERIAL HAND LI NG -------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 270 132 138 2.30 2.35 2.26 2.11 2.18 2.08 1.89- 2.91 1.90- 2.93 1.89- 2.68 7 f c 1 23 8 15 41 20 21 18 17 1 44 3 41 18 16 2 ORDER FILLERS ----------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 136 121 2.62 2.66 2.65 2.74 2.28- 3.11 2.28- 3.12 3 - - _ 8 8 3 . PC 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.4C 4.60 4.80 5.00 GUARDS AND WATC HM EN ----------------- 10 7 3 12 12 2 2 _ - 13 13 13 12 8 8 - 5 5 “ 1 12 9 3 17 5 12 8 8 11 8 8 9 9 - i i - 1 i i " 1 6 6 60 A8 12 12 1 1 12 1 1 7 7 18 18 35 35 3 3 1 - - - - - - - * _ - - - - - “ - - * “ 18 2.40 2.36 1.90- 2.75 - - 5 - 2 - - A 1 - 2 - 3 - - - - - 1 - - - TR UC KDRIVERS -------------MA NU FACTURING ----------- 289 43 3.80 2.19 4.80 2.12 2.43- 4.85 2.03- 2.29 21 “ 5 - 1 1 7 7 12 12 15 11 4 2 5 - 10 A _ - “ A 3 5 3 1 23 5 3 8 - - - 10 15C TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------- 170 69 101 2.44 2.32 2.52 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.04- 2.71 2.04- 2.61 2.03- 3.21 _ _ 33 11 22 25 13 12 2 2 18 2 16 A A 29 15 14 3 3 13 11 2 A A 3 3 7 28 - - - - _ - - - 1 1 - - 7 28 RE CEIVING CLERKS ---------- See footnotes at end of tables, 9 Footnotes 1 S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , a n d th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s . 2 T h e m e a n i s c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y t o t a l i n g th e e a r n i n g s o f a l l w o r k e r s a n d d i v i d i n g b y t h e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d i a n d e s i g n a t e s p o s i t i o n — h a l f o f th e e m p l o y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e th a n th e r a t e s h o w n ; h a l f r e c e i v e l e s s th a n t h e r a t e s h o w n . T h e m i d d l e r a n g e i s d e f i n e d b y 2 r a t e s o f p a y ; a f o u r t h o f th e w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s th a n th e l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s a n d a f o u r t h e a r n m o r e th a n th e h i g h e r r a t e . 3 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and l a t e s h i f t s . A p p e n d ix . O c c u p a tio n a l D e s c rip tio n s The prim ary purpose of preparing jo b d escrip tion s fo r the B ureau's wage surveys is to a ss ist its field staff in cla ssifyin g into appropriate occupations w ork ers who a re em ployed under a variety of payroll titles and different w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to a rea . This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content. Because of this em phasis on interestablishm ent and interarea com p arability of occupational content, the B ureau's jo b d escrip tion s may d iffer significantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those prepared fo r other p urposes. In applying these job d escrip tion s, the B ureau's field econ om ists are instructed to exclude working s u p erv isors; a pprentices; lea rn ers; beginners; train ees; and handicapped, p a rt-tim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE CLERK, FILE P rep a res statem ents, b ills , and in v oices on a m achine other than an ordinary or e le c tr o m atic typ ew riter. May a lso keep re c o rd s as to b illings or shipping ch arges or p e rfo rm other c le r ic a l work incidental to billing operation s. F or wage study p u rp oses, b ille r s , m achine, are cla ss ifie d by type of m achine, as follow s: C lass A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject m atter file s , cla s s ifie s and indexes file m aterial such as corresp on d en ce, rep orts, technical docu m ents, e tc. May a lso file this m ateria l. May keep re c o rd s of various types in conjunction with the file s . May lead a sm all group of low er le ve l file cle rk s . B iller, m achine (billing m achine). U ses a special billing m achine (Moon Hopkins, E lliott F ish er, B urroughs, e tc., which are com bination typing and adding m achines) to prepare b ills and inv oices fro m cu stom ers' purchase o rd e rs , internally prepared o rd e rs , shipping m e m o randum s, e tc. U sually involves application of p redeterm ined discounts and shipping ch arges, and entry of n ec e ss a r y extensions, which m ay or m ay not be com puted on the billing m achine, and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m achine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon cop ies of the bill being p repared and is often done on a fanfold m achine. B ille r, m achine (bookkeeping m achine). Uses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E lliott F ish e r, Remington Rand, e tc., which m ay or m ay not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare cu stom ers' b ills as part of the accounts receiv a b le operation. Generally involves t;he sim ulta neous entry of figu res on cu stom ers' led ger r e c o rd . The m achine autom atically accum ulates figu res on a number of v ertica l colum ns and com putes, and usually prints autom atically the debit or cred it b alances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. W orks fro m uniform and standard types of sales and cred it slip s. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping m achine (Remington Rand, E lliott F ish er, Sundstrand, B urroughs, National Cash R egister, with or without a typew riter keyboard) to keep a re c o rd of business transactions. C lass A. Keeps a set of re c o rd s requiring a knowledge of and exp erien ce in b asic bookkeeping p rin cip les, and fa m ilia rity with the structure of the p articular accounting system used. D eterm ines proper re c o rd s and distribution of debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase of the w ork. May prepare consolidated rep orts, balance sheets, and other re co rd s by hand. C lass B. Keeps a re c o rd of one or m ore phases or section s of a set of re c o rd s usually requiring little knowledge of b a sic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, p ayroll, cu stom ers' accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing d e scrib e d under b ille r, m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory co n tro l, etc. May check or a ssist in preparation of tria l balances and prepare con trol sheets fo r the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING C lass A. Under general d irection of a bookkeeper or accountant, has re sp o n sib ility fo r keeping one or m ore section s of a com plete set of books or re co rd s relating to one phase of an establishm ent's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or led gers such as accounts receiv a ble or accounts payable; examining and coding in voices or vouchers with p roper accounting distribution; and req u ires judgment and e x p e ri ence in making prop er assignations and allocation s. May a ss ist in preparing, adjusting, and closin g journal en tries; and m ay d irect cla ss B accounting cle rk s . C lass B. S orts, co d e s , and file s u n classified m aterial by sim ple (subject matter) head ings or partly cla ss ifie d m ateria l by fin er subheadings. P rep a res sim ple related index and c r o s s -r e fe r e n c e aids. As requested, loca tes cle a rly identified m aterial in file s and forw ards m aterial. May p erform related cle r ic a l tasks required to maintain and s ervice file s . C lass C . P e rfo rm s routine filin g of m aterial that has already been cla ss ifie d or which is e a sily cla ss ifie d in a sim ple se ria l cla ss ifica tio n system (e .g ., alphabetical, ch ron ologica l, or n u m erical). As requested, loca tes read ily available m aterial in file s and forw ards m a te ria l; and m ay fill out withdrawal ch arge. P e rfo rm s sim ple c le r ic a l and manual tasks r e quired to maintain and se rv ice file s . CLERK, R e ce iv e s cu sto m e rs' o rd e rs fo r m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any com bination of the follo w in g : Quoting p rice s to cu stom ers; making out an ord er sheet listing the item s to make up the o rd e r; checking p rice s and quantities of item s on order sheet; and distributing ord er sheets to resp ectiv e departments to be fille d . May ch eck with credit departm ent to determ ine cre d it rating of cu stom er, acknowledge re ce ip t of ord e rs from cu stom ers, follow up ord e rs to see that they have been fille d , keep file of ord e rs re ceiv ed , and check shipping inv oices with origin al o rd e rs . CLERK, PA YR OLL Computes wages of com pany em ployees and enters the n e ce ssa ry data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w o rk e rs' earnings based on tim e or production re c o rd s; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w o r k e r's name, working days, tim e, rate, deductions fo r insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ss ist paym aster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine. COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR P rim a ry duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p e rfo rm m athem atical com putations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of cle rk , which m ay involve f r e quent use of a C om ptom eter but, in which, use of this m achine is incidental to p erform ance of other duties. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C la ss A . Operates a num erical a n d /o r alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to tra n scrib e data fro m various source docum ents to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. P e rfo rm s same tasks as low er level keypunch operator but, in addition, w ork requires application of coding sk ills and the making of som e determ inations, fo r exam ple, loca tes on the source document the item s to be punched; extracts inform ation fro m several docum ents; and search es fo r and in terprets inform ation on the docum ent to determ ine inform ation to be punched. May train inexperienced op era tors. C lass B. Under supervision, p erform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such as posting sim ple journal vouchers or accounts payable vou chers, entering vou chers in voucher r e g iste rs ; recon cilin g bank accounts; and posting subsidiary led gers con trolled by general led g ers, or posting sim ple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowl edge of accounting and bookkeeping p rinciples but is found in o ffice s in which the m ore routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a functional basis among several w ork ers. ORDER 1 0 11 SECRETAR Y— C ont inue d KEYPUNCH OPERATOR----Continued C lass B. Under clo s e supervision or follow ing sp ecific p roced u res or instructions, tra n scrib es data fro m sou rce docum ents to punched ca rd s. O perates a num erical a n d /or alphabetical or com bination keypunch m achine to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. May verify ca rd s. Working fro m various standardized sou rce docum ents, follow s sp ecified sequences which have been coded or p rescrib ed in detail and require little or no selectin g , coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. P rob lem s a rising fro m erron eou s item s or co d e s , m issin g inform ation, e tc., are re fe rr e d to su p ervisor. d. S ecreta ry to the head of an individual plant, fa cto ry , etc. (o r other equivalent level of o fficia l) that em p loy s, in all, over 5, 000 p e rs o n s ; or e. S ecreta ry to the head of a large and important organizational segm ent (e .g ., a middle m anagem ent su p ervisor of an organizational segm ent often involving as many as several hundred p erson s) of a com pany that em p loys, in all, over 25, 000 p e rs o n s . C lass C OFFICE BOY OR GIRL P e rfo rm s various routine duties such as running erran ds, operating m inor office m a chines such as sea lers or m a ile rs , opening and distributing m ail, and other m inor c le r ic a l work. SECRETARY A ssigned as personal s e cre ta ry , n orm a lly to one individual. Maintains a clo se and highly resp onsive relationship to the d a y -to -d a y w ork activ ities of the s u p e rviso r. Works fa ir ly inde pendently receiv in g a m inimum of detailed supervision and guidance. P e rfo rm s varied c le r ic a l and s e cre ta ria l duties, usually including m ost of the follow in g : (a) R eceives telephone ca lls, personal c a lle r s , and incom ing m ail, answ ers routine in q u iries, and routes the technical inquiries to the prop er p erson s; (b) esta b lish es, m aintains, and re v ise s the s u p e rv is o r's file s ; (c) maintains the su p e rv is o r's calendar and m akes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essa ges fro m super v is o r to subordinates; (e) review s co r resp on d en ce, m em orandum s, and rep orts p rep a red by others fo r the su p e rv is o r's signature to a ssu re procedu ral and typographic a ccu ra cy ; and (f) p erform s stenographic and typing work. May a lso p erform other c le r ic a l and secreta ria l tasks of com parable nature and d ifficulty. The w ork typ ica lly req u ires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization, p rog ra m s, and p roced u res related to the work of the su p ervisor. E xclusions Not all positions that are titled " s e c r e ta r y " p o ssess the above ch a r a c te r is tic s. E xam ples of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follow s: (a) P ositions which do not m eet the "p erson a l" s e cre ta ry concept d escrib ed above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in s e cre ta ria l type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of p rofession a l, technical, or m anagerial p erson s; (d) s e cre ta ry positions in which the duties are either substantially m ore routine or substantially m ore com p lex and resp on sib le than those ch aracterized in the definition; and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore resp onsible techn ical, adm in istrative, s u p ervisory , or specialized cle r ic a l duties which are not typical of se cre ta ria l work. NOTE: The term "co rp o ra te o f f i c e r ," used in the level definitions follow ing, re fe rs to those officia ls who have a significant corp ora te-w id e policym aking role with regard to m ajor com pany a ctiv ities. The title " v ic e p r e s id e n t," though n orm a lly indicative of this ro le , does not in all ca ses identify such p ositions. V ice presidents whose p rim ary resp on sib ility is to act p e r sonally on individual ca ses or transactions (e .g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions; adm inister individual trust accounts; d ire ctly supervise a cle r ic a l staff) are not con sid ered to be "co rp o ra te o ffic e r s ” fo r purposes of applying the follow ing level d efinition s. C lass A all, a. S ecreta ry to the chairm an of the board or p residen t of a com pany that em ploys, in over 100 but few er than 5,0 0 0 p e rs o n s ; or b. S ecreta ry to a corp orate o ffic e r (other than the chairm an of the b oard or president) of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 but few er than 25, 000 p e rs o n s ; or c. S ecreta ry to the head (im m ediately below the corp o ra te o ffic e r level) of a m ajor segm ent o r subsidiary of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p e rs o n s . C lass B a. S ecreta ry to the chairm an of the board or p residen t of a com pany that em ploys, in all, few er than 100 p e rs o n s ; or b. S ecreta ry to a corp orate o ffice r (other than the chairm an of the b oard o r president) of a com pany that em p loys, in all, over 100 but few er than 5,000 p e rs o n s ; or c. S ecreta ry to the head (im m ediately below corp ora te-w id e functional activity (e .g ., m arketing, tions, etc.) o £ a m ajor geographic o r organizational a m a jor division) of a com pany that em ploys, in e m p loy ees; or the o ffice r level) over either a m ajor re s e a rch , op eration s, industrial r e la segm ent (e .g ., a regional headquarters; all, over 5,000 but few er than 25,000 a. S e cre ta ry to an executive or m anagerial p erson whose resp on sib ility is not equivalent to one of the s p e c ific le ve l situations in the definition fo r cla ss B, but whose subordinate staff n orm a lly num bers at lea st se ve ra l dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organizational segm ents which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In som e com panies, this le v e l includes a wide range of organizational ech elon s; in o th e rs, only one o r two; or b. S ecreta ry to the head of an individual plant, fa cto ry , etc. (o r other equivalent level of o fficia l) that em ploys, in all, few er than 5, 000 p e rs o n s . C lass D a. S ecreta ry to the su p ervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., few er than about 25 or 30 p e rso n s); <yr b. S ecreta ry to a n on sup ervisory staff sp e cia list, p ro fe ssio n a l em ployee, adm inistra tive o ffic e r , or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE; Many com panies assign sten ographers, rather than s e cre ta rie s as d e scrib e d above, to this le v e l of su p ervisory or n on su p ervisory w orker.) STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL P rim a ry duty is to take dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary fro m one or m ore persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine; and transcribe dictation. May also type fro m written copy. May maintain file s , keep sim ple r e c o r d s , or p erform other relatively routine c le r ic a l tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include tra n scrib in gm achine w ork. (See tra nscribin g-m achine o p e ra to r.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR P rim a ry duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal b rie fs or reports on scien tific re s e a rch fro m one or m ore persons either in short hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine; and tra n scrib e dictation. May a lso type fro m written copy. May a lso set up and maintain file s , keep r e c o rd s , etc. OR P e rfo rm s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and re sp o n si bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the follow ing: Work requires high d egree of stenographic speed and a ccu ra cy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and o ffice proced u res and of the s p e cific business operation s, organization, p o lic ie s, p roced u res, file s , workflow , e tc. Uses this knowledge in perform ing stenographic duties and resp onsible c le r ic a l tasks such a s, maintaining followup file s ; assem bling m aterial fo r re p o rts, m em orandum s, letters, e tc.; com posing sim ple letters fro m general instructions; reading and routing incom ing m ail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribin g-m achine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR C lass A . O perates a sin gle- o r m ultiple-position telephone sw itchboard handling incom ing, outgoing, intraplant or o ffice ca lls. P e rfo r m s full telephone inform ation s e rv ice o r handles co m p lex ca lls , such as co n fe re n ce , co lle ct, o v e rse a s , o r sim ila r ca lls, either in addition to doing routine w ork as d e scrib e d fo r switchboard op era tor, cla ss B, or as a fu ll-tim e assignm ent. ("F u ll" telephone inform ation s e rv ice o ccu rs when the establishm ent has varied functions that are not read ily understandable fo r telephone inform ation p u rp oses, e .g ., because of overlapping o r in terrelated functions, and consequently present frequent p rob lem s as to which extensions are appropriate fo r ca lls.) C lass B . O perates a single- o r m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incom ing, outgoing, intraplant o r o ffice ca lls. May handle routine long distance ca lls and re c o rd tolls. May p e rfo rm lim ited telephone inform ation s e rv ice . ("L im ited " telephone inform ation se rv ice o cc u rs if the functions of the establishm ent s e rv ice d are readily understandable fo r telephone inform ation p u rp oses, o r if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension num bers when s p e c ific nam es are furnished, o r if com p lex ca lls are re fe rr e d to another operator.) 12 SWITCHBOARD OPERATO R-RECEPTION IST TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued In addition to p erform in g duties of operator on a sin gle -p o sitio n or m onitor-typ e sw itch board, acts as reception ist and m ay also type or p erform routine c le r ic a l work as part of regular duties. This typing or cle r ic a l w ork m ay take the m ajor part of this w o r k e r's tim e while at sw itchboard. Class C. Operates sim ple tabulating or e le ctrica l accounting m achines such as the s o rte r, reproducing punch, co lla to r, e tc., with s p e c ific instructions. May include sim ple w iring from diagram s and som e filing w ork. The w ork typ ically involves portions of a work unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A . O perates a va riety of tabulating or e le ctrica l accounting m achines, typ ically including such m achines as the tabulator, ca lcu la tor, in te rp re te r, co lla to r, arid others. P e rfo r m s com plete reporting assignm ents without close sup ervision, and p e rfo rm s difficult w iring as req u ired . The com plete reporting and tabulating assignm ents typically involve a va riety of long and com p lex rep orts which often are of irreg u la r or non recurring type r e quiring som e planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. A s a m ore exp erien ced op era tor, is typ ica lly involved in training new op era tors in m achine op era tion s, or partially trained op era tors in w iring from diagram s and operating sequences of long and com p lex re p o rts. Does not include working s u p ervisors p erform in g tabulating-m achine operations and d a y -to day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-m achine op era tors. C lass B . Operates m ore d ifficult tabulating or e le ctrica l accounting m achines such as the tabulator and ca lcu la tor, in addition to the s o rte r, re p ro d u ce r, and co lla to r. This w ork is p erform ed under s p e c ific instructions and m ay include the perform a n ce of som e wiring fro m diagram s. The w ork typically involv es, for exam ple, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting e x e r c is e , a com plete but sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and m ore com plex rep ort. Such rep orts and studies are usually of a recu rrin g nature where the p r o cedures are w ell established. May also include the training of new em ployees in the b asic operation of the m achine. P rim a ry duty is to tra n scrib e dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e r e c o rd s . May also type from written copy and do sim ple cle rica l work. W orkers tran scribin g dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal b rie fs or reports on scie n tific re se a rch are not included. A w orker who takes dictation in short hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is cla ssifie d as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typew riter to make cop ies of various m aterial or to make out bills after ca lcu la tions have been made by another p erson. May include typing of sten cils, m ats, or sim ilar m ate ria ls fo r use in duplicating p r o c e s s e s . May do cle rica l work involving little special training, such as keeping sim ple re c o r d s , filing re co rd s and re p o rts, or sorting and distributing incom ing m ail. Class A . P e rfo rm s one or m ore of the follow ing: Typing m aterial in final form when it involves com bining m aterial fro m severa l sou rces or resp onsibility for co r re ct spelling, syllabication , punctuation, e tc., of technical or unusual w ords or foreign language m aterial; and planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniform ity and balance in spacing. May type routine fo rm letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B . P e rfo rm s one or m ore of the follow ing: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of fo rm s , insurance p o lic ie s , e tc.; and setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced p rop erly. P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L COMPUTER OPERATOR COMPUTER PROGRAM ER, BUSINESS M onitors and operates the con trol con sole of a digital com puter to p r o c e s s data a ccordin g to operating instructions, usually p rep a red by a p rog ra m e r. W ork includes m ost of the follow in g; Studies instructions to determ ine equipment setup and operation s; loads equipment with required item s (tape re e ls , ca rd s , e tc.); sw itches n e ce ss a ry auxiliary equipment into circ u it, and starts and operates com puter; m akes adjustments to com puter to c o r r e c t operating p rob lem s and m eet sp ecial conditions; review s e r r o r s made during operation and determ ines cause or re fe rs p rob lem to su p ervisor or p rog ra m er; and maintains operating re c o rd s . May test and a ssist in corre ctin g program . C onverts statements of busin ess p ro b le m s, typ ically p repared by a system s analyst, into a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the p roblem s by automatic data p ro ce s s in g equipment. Working fro m charts o r diagram s, the p rog ra m er develops the p re cis e instructions which, when entered into the com puter system in coded language, cause the m anipu lation of data to achieve d e sired resu lts. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: A pplies knowledge of com puter ca p a bilities, m athem atics, lo g ic em ployed by com puters, and p a rticular subject m atter involved to analyze charts and diagram s of the p rob lem to be program ed. D evelops sequence of p rog ra m steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show o rd e r in which data w ill be p ro ce s s e d ; con verts these charts to coded instructions fo r m achine to follow ; tests and co r r e c t s p rog ra m s; p rep a res instructions fo r operating p ersonnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters p rog ra m s to in crease operating e fficie n cy or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains re co rd s of p rog ra m developm ent and re v isio n s. (NOTE: W orkers p erform in g both system s analysis and p r o gram ing should be c la ss ifie d as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.) F o r wage study p u rp oses, com puter op era tors are c la ss ifie d as follo w s: C lass A . O perates independently, o r under only gen eral d irection , a com puter running p rogram s with m ost of the follow ing ch a r a c te r is tic s: New p rog ra m s are frequently tested and introduced; scheduling requirem ents are of cr itica l im portance to m in im ize downtim e; the p rog ra m s are of com p lex design so that identification of e r r o r sou rce often requires a working knowledge of the total p rog ra m , and alternate p rog ra m s m ay not be available. May give d irection and guidance to low er le v e l op era tors. C lass B . O perates independently, or under only gen eral d irection , a com puter running p rogra m s with m ost of the follow ing c h a r a c te r is tic s: M ost of the p rog ra m s are established production runs, typ ica lly run on a regu la rly recu rrin g b a s is; there is little or no testing of new p rogra m s req u ired ; alternate p rog ra m s are p rovided in ca se origin al p rog ra m needs m ajor change or cannot be co r re cte d within a reasonable tim e. In com m on e r r o r situations, diagnoses cause and takes co r r e c tiv e action. This usually involves applying p rev iou sly p r o gram ed co r re ctiv e steps, or using standard co r re ctio n techniques. Does not include em ployees p rim a rily resp on sib le fo r the management or supervision of other ele ctro n ic data p ro ce s s in g (EDP) em p loy ees, o r p ro g ra m e rs p rim arily con cerned with scien tific a n d /o r engineering p ro b le m s. F o r wage study p u rp oses, p rog ra m ers are cla s s ifie d as fo llo w s: C lass A . W orks independently o r under only gen eral d irection on com p lex p roblem s which require com petence in all phases of p rogram ing con cepts and p ra ctice s. W orking fro m dia gram s and charts which identify the nature of d e sire d resu lts, m a jo r p ro ce ssin g steps to be accom p lish ed , and the relationships between variou s steps of the p rob lem solving routine; plans the full range of program ing actions needed to efficien tly utilize the com puter system in achieving d e sire d end products. OR O perates under d irect sup ervision a com puter running p rog ra m s o r segm ents of p rog ra m s with the ch a ra cteristics d escrib ed for cla ss A. May a ssist a higher le v e l operator by inde pendently perform ing less difficult tasks assigned, and p erform in g d ifficult tasks following detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations p erform ed . C lass C . W orks on routine p rog ra m s under clo s e supervision. Is expected to develop working knowledge of the com puter equipment used and ability to detect p rob lem s involved in running routine p rog ra m s. Usually has receiv ed som e fo rm a l training in com puter operation. May a ss ist higher lev el op era tor on com p lex p rog ra m s. At this le vel, p rogram ing is d ifficult because com puter equipment must be organized to produce se ve ra l interrelated but d iverse products fro m num erous and d iverse data elem ents. A wide v a riety and extensive number of internal p ro ce s s in g actions must o cc u r. This requires such actions as developm ent of com m on operations which can be reused, establishm ent of linkage points betw een operation s, adjustments to data when p rogram requirem ents exceed com puter storage capacity, and substantial m anipulation and resequencing of data elem ents to fo rm a highly integrated program . May p rovid e functional d irection to low er le v e l p ro g ra m e rs who are assigned to a ssist. 13 COMPUTER PROGRAM ER, BUSINESS— Continued COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued C lass B . W orks independently or under only gen eral d irection on rela tiv ely sim ple p ro g ra m s, o r on sim ple segm ents of com p lex p rog ra m s. P ro g ra m s (o r segm ents) usually p ro ce s s inform ation to produce data in two or three va ried sequences or form a ts. R eports and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arrayin g, or making m in or additions to or deletions from input data which are read ily available. While num erous re co rd s m ay be p ro ce s s e d , the data have been refined in p r io r actions so that the a ccu ra cy and sequencing of data can be tested by using a few routine ch ecks. T yp ica lly, the p rog ra m deals with routine record -k eep in g type operation s. OR W orks on com p lex p rog ra m s (as d e scrib ed fo r cla ss A) under clo s e d irection of a higher le v e l p rog ra m er or su p erv isor. May a ss ist higher lev el p ro g ra m e r by independently p e r form ing le ss d ifficu lt tasks assigned, and p erform in g m ore d ifficult tasks under fa ir ly clo s e d irection. May guide or instruct low er lev el p ro g ra m e rs. OR W orks on a segm ent of a com p lex data p ro ce ssin g schem e or system , as d escrib ed fo r cla ss A. W orks independently on routine assignm ents and re ce iv e s instruction and guidance on com p lex assignm ents. W ork is review ed fo r a ccu ra cy of judgment, com pliance with in structions, and to insure p rop er alinement with the overall system . C lass C . W orks under imm ediate supervision, ca rryin g out analyses as assigned, usually of a single activity. A ssignm ents are designed to develop and expand p ra ctica l experien ce in the application of p ro ce d u re s and skills required fo r system s analysis w ork. F o r exam ple, m ay a ss ist a higher le v e l system s analyst by preparing the detailed specification s required by p ro g ra m e rs fro m inform ation developed by the higher le ve l analyst. DRAFTSMAN C lass C . Makes p ra ctica l applications of p rogram ing p ra ctice s and concepts usually learned in form a l training co u rse s . A ssignm ents are designed to develop com petence in the application of standard p roced u res to routine p rob lem s. R eceives clo s e su p ervision on new aspects of assignm ents; and w ork is review ed to v e r ify its a ccu ra cy and con form an ce with required p roced u res. COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS A nalyzes b u sin ess p rob lem s to form ulate p roced u res fo r solving them by use of e le ctro n ic data p ro ce s s in g equipment. D evelops a com p lete d escrip tion of a ll specification s needed to enable p ro g ra m ers to p rep a re required digital com puter p rog ra m s. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g; A nalyzes su b ject-m a tter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and c r ite r ia required to achieve sa tisfa ctory resu lts; s p ecifies number and types of r e c o rd s , file s , and docum ents to be used; outlines actions to be p erform ed by p ersonnel and com puters in sufficient detail fo r presentation to m anagem ent and fo r program ing (typ ically this involves preparation of w ork and data flow ch arts); coordin ates the developm ent of test p rob lem s and participates in tria l runs of new and rev ised sy stem s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m o re effe ctive o ve ra ll operation s. (NOTE; W ork ers p erform in g both system s analysis and p rogram ing should be c l a s sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.) D oes not include em p loyees p rim a rily resp on sib le fo r the management o r supervision of other ele ctron ic data p ro ce s s in g (EDP) em p loyees, or system s analysts p rim a rily con cern ed with scien tific or engineering p rob lem s. F o r wage study p u rp oses, maintaining accounts receiv a ble in a retail establishm ent, o r maintaining inventory accounts in a m anufacturing or. w holesale establishm ent.) C onfers with p erson s con cerned to determ ine the data p ro ce s s in g p rob lem s and advises su b ject-m atter p ersonnel on the im plications of the data p ro ce ssin g system s to be applied. system s analysts are cla ss ifie d as fo llo w s: C lass A . W orks independently o r under only gen eral d irection on com p lex p roblem s involving all phases of system s analysis. P rob lem s are com p lex because of d iverse sou rces of input data and m u ltip le-u se requirem ents of output data. (F or exam ple, develops an inte grated production scheduling, inventory con trol, cost analysis, and sales analysis re c o rd in which every item o f each type is autom atically p ro ce s s e d through the full system of re co rd s and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the com puter.) C onfers with p erson s co n cerned to determ ine the data p roces s in g p rob lem s and advises su b ject-m atter p ersonnel on the im plication s of new o r rev ised system s of data p roces s in g operations. Makes r e c o m m endations, if needed, fo r approval of m a jor system s installations o r changes and fo r obtaining equipment. May provide functional d irection to low er level system s analysts who are assigned to a ssist. C lass B . W orks independently or under only gen eral d irection on p rob lem s that are rela tively uncom plicated to analyze, plan, p rog ra m , and operate. P ro b le m s are of lim ited com plexity because sou rces of input data are hom ogeneous and the output data are clo s e ly related. (F or exam ple, develops system s fo r maintaining d ep ositor accounts in a bank, C lass A . Plans the graphic presentation of com p lex item s having distinctive design features that d iffer significantly fro m established drafting p reced en ts. W orks in clo s e sup p ort with the design orig in ator, and m ay recom m end m in or design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of fo rm , function, and positional relationships of co m ponents and parts. W orks with a m inimum of su p ervisory a ssista n ce. C om pleted w ork is review ed by design origin ator fo r con sisten cy with p rio r engineering determ inations. May either p rep a re draw ings, or d irect their p reparation by low er level draftsm en. C lass B . P e rfo r m s nonroutine and com p lex drafting assignm ents that require the appli cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regu la rly used. Duties typ ica lly in volv e such w ork as; P re p a re s working drawings of subassem blies with irre g u la r shapes, m ultiple functions, and p r e c is e p ositional relationships between com ponents; p rep a res a rch i tectural drawings fo r con struction of a building including detail drawings o f foundations, wall section s, flo o r plans, and roof. U ses accepted form ulas and manuals in making n e ce ssa ry com putations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load ca p a cities, strengths, s tr e s s e s , etc. R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice fro m su p ervisor. C om pleted w ork is ch ecked fo r technical adequacy. C lass C . P re p a re s detail drawings of single units or parts fo r engineering, con struction, m anufacturing, or rep a ir p u rp oses. Types of drawings p rep a red include iso m e tric p rojection s (depicting three dim insions in accu rate scale) and section al view s to cla rify positioning of com ponents and con vey needed inform ation. C onsolidates details fro m a number of sou rces and adjusts or transposes sca le as required. Suggested m ethods of approach, applicable p reced en ts, and advice on sou rce m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions are le ss com plete when assignm ents recu r. W ork m ay be spot-ch eck ed during p ro g re ss . DRAFTSM AN -TRACER C opies plans and drawings p repared by others by placing tracing cloth o r paper over drawings and tracing with pen o r p encil. (Does not include tracing lim ited to plans p rim a rily con sisting of straight lines and a large sca le not requiring clo s e d elin eation.) and/ or P re p a re s sim ple o r repetitive drawings of e a sily visu a lized item s. W ork is clo s e ly supervised during p ro g re ss . NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (R egistered) A re g iste re d nurse who gives nursing s e rv ice under general m ed ical d irection to ill or injured em ployees o r other p erson s who b e co m e ill or suffer an accident on the p re m ise s of a fa cto ry o r other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing; Giving firs t aid to the ill o r injured; attending to subsequent dressin g of em p loy ees' in ju ries; keeping re co rd s o f patients treated; preparing accident rep orts fo r com pensation o r other p u rp oses; assisting in physical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants and em p loyees; and planning and c a r r y ing out p rog ra m s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environm ent, or other activities affecting the health, w elfa re, and safety of all personnel. M A IN T E N A N C E A N D P O W E R P L A N T CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued P e rfo r m s the carpentry duties n e c e ss a r y to con struct and m aintain in good repair building w oodw ork and equipment such as bins, cr ib s , cou nters, bench es, p artitions, d o o rs , flo o r s , sta irs, casin gs, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning and laying out of w ork from blueprints, drawings, m od els, or v erba l instructions using a variety of ca rp e n te r's handtools, portable pow er to o ls , and standard m easuring instrum ents; making standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of w ork; and selecting m aterials n ecessa ry fo r the w ork. In general, the w ork of the m aintenance carpenter req u ires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship o r equivalent training and experien ce. 14 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (Maintenance)— Continued P e rfo r m s a va riety of e le ctrica l trade functions such as the installation, m aintenance, or rep a ir of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of e le ctric energy in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g: Installing or rep airing any of a variety of e le c tr ic a l equipment such as g en era tors, tra n s fo rm e r s, sw itchboards, co n tr o lle rs , circu it b rea k e r s , m o to r s, heating units, conduit system s, or other tra n sm ission equipment; working fro m blueprints, draw ings, layouts, or other s p ecifica tion s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le ctrica l system or equipment; w orking standard com putations relating to load requirem ents of w iring or e le ctrica l equipment; and using a va riety of e le ctricia n 's handtools and m easuring and testing instrum ents. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance e le ctricia n req u ires rounded tra in ing and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. the various a ssem blies in the veh icle and making n ece ssa ry adjustments; and alining w heels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive m echanic requires rounded training and experien ce usually acquired through a form al appren ticesh ip or equivalent training and exp erien ce. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and m ay a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (m echanical or electrica l) to supply the establishm ent in which em ployed with pow er, heat, refrig era tion , or a ir-con d ition in g. W ork involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air co m p r e s s o r s , g en era tors, m o to r s, turbines, ventilating and r e fr ig erating equipment, steam b o ile r s and b o ile r -fe d w ater pum ps; making equipment re p a irs; and keeping a re c o rd of op eration of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consum ption. May also su p erv is e these operation s. Head or ch ief engineers in establishm ents em ploying m ore than one engineer are excluded. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER F ire s stationary b o ile rs to furnish the establishm ent in which em ployed with heat, pow er, or steam . Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stok er, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety va lves. May clean, o il, or a ssist in repairing b o ile r ro o m equipment. H ELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES A ss ists one or m ore w ork ers in the skilled maintenance tra d e s, by p erform in g s p e c ific or general duties of le s s e r skill, such as keeping a w orker supplied with m aterials and to o ls; cleaning .working a rea , m achine, and equipment; a ssisting journeym an by holding m aterials or to o ls ; and p erform in g other unskilled tasks as d irecte d by journeym an. The kind of w ork the helper is perm itted to p erform va ries from trade to trade: In som e trades the helper is co n fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working a rea s; and in others he is perm itted to p e rfo rm s p ecia lized m achine op eration s, or parts of a trade that are also p erform ed by w ork ers on a fu ll-tim e b a sis. M ACHINE-TOOL OPE R ATO R, TOOLROOM S pecializes in the op eration of one or m ore types of m achine to o ls , such as jig b o r e r s , cylin d rica l or su rfa ce g rin d ers, engine lath es, or m illing m achines, in the con struction of m achine-shop to o ls , gages, jig s , fixtu res, or d ies. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: P lan ning and p erform in g difficult m achining operation s; p ro ce s s in g item s requiring com plicated setups or a high d egree of a ccu ra cy ; using a va riety of p re cis io n m easuring instrum ents; selecting fe e d s, speed s, toolin g, and operation sequence; and making n e ce ss a ry adjustments during op eration to achieve requisite tolera n ces or dim ensions. May be required to re cogn ize when tools need d r e s s ing, to d ress to o ls , and to select p rop er coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . F o r c r o s s industry wage study p u rp oses, m ach in e-tool op era tors, to o lro o m , in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE P rod u ces replacem ent parts and new parts in making rep a irs of m etal parts of m echan ica l equipment operated in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Interpreting w ritten instructions and sp ecification s; planning and laying out of w ork; using a va riety of m a ch in ist's handtools and p re cis io n m easuring instrum ents; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of m etal parts to close tolera n ces; making standard shop computations relating to dim ensions of w ork, toolin g, fe e d s, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working p rop erties of the com m on m etals; selectin g standard m a teria ls, p a rts, and equipment required fo r his w ork; and fitting and assem bling parts into m echanical equipment. In general, the m ach in ist's work norm ally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop p ra ctice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (Maintenance) R epairs autom obiles, buses, m otortru ck s, and tra cto rs of an establishm ent. Work in volves m ost of the follow in g: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose sou rce of trouble; d isassem bling equipment and p erform in g rep a irs that involve the use of such handtools as w ren ch es, gages, d rills , or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; rea ssem b lin g and installing MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE R epairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Examining m achines and m echanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dism antling or partly dism antling m achines and perform ing rep a irs that m ainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with item s obtained fro m stock; ord erin g the production of a replacem ent part by a machine shop or sending of the m achine to a m achine shop fo r m ajor re p a irs; preparing written specifications fo r m ajor repairs or fo r the production of parts o rd ered fro m m achine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making all n e ce ss a ry adjustments fo r operation. In general, the work of a maintenance m echanic r e quires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. Excluded fro m this cla ssifica tion are w orkers whose prim ary duties involve setting up or adjusting m achines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new m achines or heavy equipment, and dism antles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. W ork involves m ost of the f o l low ing: Planning and laying out of the w ork; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a va riety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to stre ss e s, strength of m ateria ls, and cen ters of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting stand ard to o ls , equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good ord er power tra n sm ission equipment such as drives and speed red u cers. In general, the m illw right's work norm ally requires a rounded training and exp erien ce in the trade acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. OILER L u b rica tes, with oil or g rea se, the m oving parts equipment of an establishm ent. or wearing surfaces of m echanical PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and re d e co ra te s w a lls, w oodw ork, and, fixtures of an establishm ent. W ork in volves the follow in g: Knowledge of surface pecu lia rities and types of paint required fo r different applications; preparing surface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or fille r in nail holes and in te rstice s; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix c o lo r s , o ils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain prop er co lo r or con sistency. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experien ce. P IP E F IT T E R , MAINTENANCE Installs or rep a irs w ater, steam , gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishm ent. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Laying out of work and m easuring to lo cate position of pipe from drawings or other w ritten sp ecification s; cutting various sizes of pipe to co r re ct lengths with ch isel and ham m er or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting m achine; thread ing pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or p ow er-d riv en m achines; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to p re s su re s, flow , and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determ ine whether finished pipes m eet sp ecification s. In general, the w ork of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. W orkers p rim a rily engaged in installing and repairing building sanita tion or heating system s are excluded. PLUM BER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good ord er. W ork involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or r e pairing pipes and fixtu res; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b e r's snake. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance plum ber requires rounded training and experien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experien ce. S H EE T-M E TAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE F a b rica te s, in stalls, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fix tures (such as m achine guards, grease pans, shelves, lo ck e rs , tanks, ven tilators, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) of an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning and laying out all types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m od els, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working m achines; using a variety of 15 S H EE T-M E TAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE----Continued TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued handtools in cutting, bending, form in g, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheetm etal a rticles as required. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance sheet-m etal w orker requires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce. using a variety of tool and die m ak e r's handtools and p re cisio n m easuring instrum ents; under standing of the working p roperties of com m on m etals and alloy s; setting up and operating of m achine tools and related equipment; making n ece ssa ry shop computations relating to dimensions of w ork, speeds, feed s, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of m etal parts during fabrication as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close toleran ces; fitting and assem bling of parts to p re scrib e d toleran ces and allow ances; and selecting appropriate m ateria ls, to o ls , and p ro ce s s e s . In gen eral, the tool and die m ak er's work requires a rounded training in m achine-shop and to o lro o m p ra ctice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experien ce. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die m aker; jig m aker; tool m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker) Constructs and rep a irs m achine-shop to o ls , gages, jig s , fixtures or dies fo r forg in gs, punching, and other m eta l-form in g w ork. Work involves m ost of the follow in g: Planning and laying out of w ork from m od els, blueprints, drawings, or other ora l and written specification s; F o r cr o ss -in d u stry wage study p urposes, tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded fro m this cla ssification . C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T GUARD AND WATCHMAN Guard. P e r fo r m s routine p o lice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining o rd e r, using arm s or fo r c e where n ecessa ry . Includes gatem en who are stationed at gate and check on identity of em ployees and other p ersons entering. Watchman. Makes rounds of p rem ises p eriod ica lly in protecting p roperty against fir e , theft, and illeg a l entry. JANITOR, POR TE R, OR CLEANER SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK P rep a res m erchandise fo r shipment, or re ce iv e s and is resp onsible for incom ing ship ments of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping w ork in v olv es: A knowledge of shipping p ro ce d u re s, p ra ctice s, rou tes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c ords of the goods shipped, making up b ills of lading, posting weight and shipping ch arges, and keeping a file of shipping r e c o rd s . May d irect or a ssist in preparing the m erchandise for ship ment. R eceiving w ork in v olv es: V erifying or directing others in verifying the co rre ctn e ss of shipments against bills of lading, in v oices, or other re c o rd s; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to p rop er departments; and maintaining n e c e s sary re co rd s and file s. (Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress) F o r wage study p u rp oses, w orkers are cla ss ifie d as follow s: Cleans and keeps in an o rd erly condition fa ctory working areas and w a sh room s, or p rem ises of an o ffic e , apartment house, or com m ercia l or other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination of the follow in g: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing flo o r s ; rem oving ch ips, trash, and other refu se; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing m etal fixtures or trim m ings; providing supplies and m inor maintenance s e rv ice s ; and cleaning la va tories, show e r s , and restroom s. W orkers who s p ecialize in window washing are excluded. LABORER, M ATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock h elper; w a re houseman or warehouse helper) A w orker em ployed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, sto re , or other establishm ent whose duties involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or from freight ca rs , trucks, or other transporting d ev ice s; unpacking, shelving, or placing m aterials or m erchandise in p roper storage location; and transporting m aterials or m erchandise by handtruck, ca r, or w heelbarrow . Longshorem en, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order p icker; stock sele c to r ; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or tran sfer ord ers for finished goods fro m stored m erchandise in a c c o r d ance with specification s on sales s lip s, cu stom ers' o rd e rs , or other instructions. May, inaddition to filling ord ers and indicating item s filled or om itted, keep re co rd s of outgoing o rd e rs , req u i sition additional stock or report short supplies to su p ervisor, and p erform other related duties. R eceiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m ateria ls, m erchandise, equipment, or m en between various types of establishm ents such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, w areh ouses, w holesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishm ents and c u sto m e rs' houses or places of busin ess. May also load or unload truck with or without h elpers, make m inor m echanical re p a irs, and keep truck in good working ord er. D riv e r-s a le s m e n and o v e r -th e -ro a d d rivers are excluded. F o r wage study p u rp oses, tru ck d rivers are cla ss ifie d by size and type of equipment, as fo llo w s: (T r a c to r -tr a ile r should be rated on the basis of tra ile r capacity.) T ru ckd river (com bination of s iz e s listed separately) T ru ck d river, light (under l V z tons) T ru ck d river, medium (IV 2 to and including 4 tons) T ru ck d river, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) T ru ck d river, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) TRUCKER, POWER PACKER, SHIPPING P rep ares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con tain ers, the s p ecific operations p erform ed being dependent upon the type, siz e , and number of units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of item s in shipping containers and m ay involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Knowl edge of various item s of stock in ord er to v erify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using e x c e lsio r or other m aterial to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P ackers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. Operates a manually con trolled gasolin e- or e le ctric-p o w e r e d truck or tra ctor to transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other establishm ent. F o r wage study p u rp oses, w orkers a te cla ss ifie d by type of truck, as follow s: T ru ck er, power (forklift) T ru ck e r, power (other than forklift) A v a i l a b le O n R e q u e s t ----T h e fo llo w in g a r e a s a r e s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m in is t e r in g the S e r v ic e C o n tr a c t A c t o f 1965. a v a ila b le at no c o s t w h ile s u p p lie s la s t f r o m any o f the BLiS r e g io n a l o f f i c e s show n on the in s id e fr o n t c o v e r . A b ile n e , T e x . A la s k a A lb a n y , G a. A le x a n d r ia , L a . A lp e n a , S ta n d ish , and T a w a s C it y , M ic h . A m a r illo , T ex . A n n A r b o r , M ich . A s h e v ille , N .C . A t la n t ic C it y , N .J . A u g u s ta , G a .—S .C . A u s t in , T e x . B a k e r s f ie ld , C a lif. B a to n R o u g e , L a . B illin g s , M on t. B ilo x i , G u lfp o r t, and P a s c a g o u la , M is s . B r id g e p o r t , N o r w a lk , and S t a m fo r d , C on n. C h a r le s t o n , S .C . C h e y e n n e , W y o. C l a r k s v ille , T e n n ., and H o p k in s v ille , K y. C o lo r a d o S p r in g s , C o lo . C o lu m b ia , S .C . C o lu m b u s , G a.—A la . C r a n e , Ind. D e c a t u r , 111. D oth a n , A la . D uluth— u p e r io r , M in n .— is . S W D u r h a m , N .C . E l P a so, Tex. E ugene, O reg. F a r g o — o o r h e a d , N. D ak.—M in n. M F a y e t t e v ille , N .C . F it c h b u r g —L e o m i n s t e r , M a s s . F o r t S m ith , A r k .—O k la . F r e d e r i c k — a g e r s to w n , M d .- P a . - W . V a. H G r e a t F a l l s , M on t. G r e e n s b o r c r -W in s to n S a le m — igh P o in t , N .C . H H a r r is b u r g , P a . H a r t fo r d , C on n . H u n ts v ille , A la . C o p ie s o f p u b lic r e le a s e s K n o x v ille , T e n n . L ared o, T ex. L a s V e g a s , N ev. L e x in g to n , K y. L o w e r E a s t e r n S h o r e , M d .-V a . L y n c h b u r g , V a. M a c o n , G a. M a d is o n , W is . M a r q u e tte , E s c a n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r ie , M ich M e r id ia n , M is s . M id d le s e x , M o n m o u th , O c e a n and S o m e r s e t C o s ., N .J . M o b ile , A la ., and P e n s a c o la , F la . M o n t g o m e r y , A la . N a s h v ille , T en n . N ew L on d on — r o t o r r -N o r w ic h , C onn. G N o r t h e a s t e r n M a in e O g d en , Utah O r la n d o , F la . O x n a r d — e n tu ra , C a lif. V P a n a m a C it y , F la . P in e B lu ff, A r k . P o r t s m o u t h , N .H .—M a in e—M a s s . P u e b lo , C o lo . R e n o , N ev. S a c r a m e n t o , C a lif. S a lin a , K a n s. S a lin a s—M o n t e r e y , C a lif. Santa B a r b a r a , C a lif. S h r e v e p o r t , L a. S p r in g fie ld — h ic o p e e — o ly o k e , M a s s .—C onn. C H S to ck to n , C a lif. T a c o m a , W ash . T o p e k a , K a n s. T u c s o n , A r iz . V a ld o s t a , G a. V a lle jo — a p a , C a lif. N W ic h it a F a lls , T e x . W ilm in g to n , D e l.—N .J .—M d. T h e e le v e n th ann ual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d it o r s , c h ie f a c c o u n t a n t s , a t t o r n e y s , jo b a n a ly s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l, b u y e r s , c h e m i s t s , e n g in e e r s , e n g in e e r in g t e c h n ic ia n s , d r a ft s m e n , and c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s . O r d e r a s B L S B u lle tin 1693, N a tion a l S u rv e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m in is t r a t iv e , T e c h n ic a l, and C l e r i c a l P a y , Jun e 1 9 7 0 , $ 1 .0 0 a c o p y , f r o m th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n , D .C ., 2 0 4 0 2 , o r any o f it s r e g io n a l s a le s o f f i c e s . ☆ u.s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1971 432^69 / 46 a re A r e a W a g e S u rv e y s A l i s t o f th e l a t e s t a v a i l a b l e b u l l e t i n s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y o f a r e a w a g e s t u d i e s i n c l u d i n g m o r e l i m i t e d s t u d i e s c o n d u c t e d at the r e q u e s t o f t h e W a g e a n d H o u r D i v i s i o n o f th e D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r i s a v a i l a b l e o n r e q u e s t . B u l l e t i n s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m the S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r f r o m a n y o f the B L S r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s s h o w n o n th e i n s i d e f r o n t c o v e r . Area B ulletin n u m b er and p r i c e A k r o n , O h i o , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________________ 1660-8 8, A l b a n y—S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , M a r . 1971 1_________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 4 , A l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . , M a r . 197 1_________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 8 , A l l e n t o w r r - B e t h l e h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N . J . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 — 1660-83, A t l a n t a , G a . , M a y 19 70 1____________________________________ 1 6 60-7 6, B a l t i m o r e , M d . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 1 8, B e a u m o n t —P o r t A r t h u r —O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _ _ ----- 1 6 6 0 - 8 4 , B i n g h a m t o n , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________ 16 85-6 , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 --------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 - 5 7 , B o i s e C i t y , I d a h o , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________ 1 6 85-2 1, B o s t o n , M a s s . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1 ________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 1 1, B u f f a l o , N . Y . , O c t . 1970 1 __________________________________ 1685-4 3, B u r l i n g t o n , V t . , M a r . 197 1 1 _______________________________ 1 6 85-5 9, C a n t o n , O h i o , M a y 1 9 70 1___________________________________ 1 6 60-8 1, C h a r l e s t o n , W . V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 1 ____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 7 , C h a r l o t t e , N . C . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ...................... ...................... .............. 1 6 8 5 - 4 8 , C h a t t a n o o g a , T e n n . - G a . , S e p t . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 1 0 , C h i c a g o , 111., J u n e 1 9 7 0 _____________________________________ 1 6 60-9 0, C i n c i n n a t i , Ohicr— y . —I n d . , F e b . 197 1 1 --------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 5 3 , K C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , S e p t . 19 70 1 ---------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 8 , C o l u m b u s , O h i o , O c t . 19 70 1------------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 3 3 , D a l l a s , T e x . , O c t . 1 9 7 0 1 ___________________________________ 1 6 85-2 2, D a v e n p o r t —R o c k I s l a n d —M o l i n e , I o w a —111., F e b . 1 9 7 1 __________________________________________ ___________ 1685-5 1, 1 6 85-4 5, D a y t o n , O h i o , D e c . 1970 1___________________________________ D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1 9 7 0 ___________________________________ 1685-4 1, D e s M o i n e s , I o w a , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 -------------------------------------- -— 1 6 60-7 3, D e t r o i t , M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 __________________________________ 1 6 60-5 8, F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O c t . 1 9 70 1 --------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 5 , G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1---------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 4 , G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1 9 7 0 ________________________________ 1 6 60-7 9, H o u s t o n , T e x . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 ------------------------------------------------------ 1 6 6 0 - 6 7 , I n d i a n a p o l i s , I n d . , O c t . 19 70 1______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 1 , J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n . 197 1 1 ________________ _____________ — 1685-3 9, J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1970 1 ------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 3 7 , K a n s a s C i t y , M o . - K a n s . , S e p t . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 1 6 , L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N . H . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1-----------1 6 60-8 2, L i t t l e R o c k —N o r t h L i t t l e R o c k , A r k . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1-------- 1 6 8 5 - 1 , L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m —S a n t a A n a G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 ________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 6 4 , L o u i s v i l l e , K y . —I n d . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _______________ ____________ 1 6 85-2 7, L u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 1 9 7 1 ___________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 6 0 , M a n c h e s t e r , N . H . , J u l y 1 9 70 1 _____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 , M e m p h i s , T e n n . - A r k . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 0 , M i a m i , F l a . , N o v . 19 70 1 ___________________________________ 1685-2 9, M i d l a n d a n d O d e s s a , T e x . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ____________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 0 , M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 _------------------------------------------ 1660-7 4, M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M i n n . , J a n . 197 1_________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 4 , 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 50 c e n t s 50 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 50 c e n t s 50 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 60 c e n t s 45 c e n t s 50 c e n t s 40 cen ts 50 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 40 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 40 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 45 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s Data on establishment practices and supplementary wa g e provisions are also presented. 45 30 30 35 30 40 30 50 40 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents A rea M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , J u n e 1 9 70 1_____ N e w a r k an d J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ________________ N e w H a v e n , C o n n . , J a n . 197 1_______________________________ N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , J a n . 1971 1_____________________________ N e w Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1_______________________________ N o r f o l k — o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s — P H a m p t o n , V a . , J a n . 1971 1 ________________________________ O k l a h o m a C i t y , O k l a . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ___________________________ O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , S e p t . 1 9 70 1 _________________________ P a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , J u n e 1970 1___________ P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N . J . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _________________________ P h o e n i x , A r i z . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 * ________________________________ P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n . 1971 1 ________________________________ P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ________________________________ P o r t l a n d , O r e g . - W a s h . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1_______________________ P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t ^ W a r w i c k , R . I.—M a s s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _______________________________________________________ R a l e i g h , N . C . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1__________________________________ R i c h m o n d , V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1________________________________ R o c h e s t e r , N .Y . ( o f fic e o c cu p a tio n s o n l y ) , A u g . 1 9 7 0 _______________________________________________________ R o c k f o r d , 111., M a y 1 9 7 0 1 __________________________________ St. L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1 9 7 0 _____________________________ S a l t L a k e C i t y , U t a h , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1 __________________________ S a n A n t o n i o , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _______________________________ S a n B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d ^ - O n t a r i o , C a l i f . , D e c . 19 70 1_____________________________________________________ S a n D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _______________________________ S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d , C a l i f . , O c t . 1 9 7 0 ----------------------O S a n J o s e , C a l i f . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 --------------------------------------------------S a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1__________________________________ S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1-----------------------------------------------------S e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , J a n . 197 1 1---------------------------------S i o u x F a l l s , S. D a k . , D e c . 1 9 70 1__________________________ S o u t h B e n d , I n d ., M a r . 1 9 7 1 _________________________________ S p o k a n e , W a s h . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1 -----------------------------------------------S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 __________________________________ T a m p a —St. P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 --------------------------T o l e d o , O h i o —M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 .................................................... T r e n t o n , N . J . , S e p t . 1 9 70 1 _________________________________ U t i c a —R o m e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________ W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . - M d . - V a . , A p r . 197 1---------------------------W a t e r b u r y , C o n n . , M a r . 1 9 7 1 ______________________________ W a t e r l o o , I o w a , N o v . 1 9 70 1________________________________ W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1 _________ ._______________________ W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________ Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1 9 7 1 _________________________________________ Y o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n , O h i o , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ____________________ B ulletin n u m b er and p r i c e 1660-8 5, 1685-4 7, 1685-3 5, 1 6 85-3 6, 1660-8 9, 35 40 30 40 75 cents cents cents cents cents 1685-4 6, 1 6 85-5 , 1 6 8 5 - 14, 1660-8 7, 1 6 85-3 4, 1660-7 0, 1 6 85-4 9, 1 6 8 5 - 19, 1660-7 7, 35 30 35 45 50 35 50 30 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 40 c e n t s 1660-7 2, 1 6 8 5 - 12, 1660-65, 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 40c e n t s 16 85-7, 1 6 60-7 5, 1 6 60-6 6, 1685-2 6, 1660-71, 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 40 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 1685-4 2, 1685-2 0, 1 6 85-2 3, 1 6 8 5 - 13, 16 60-8 0, 16 85-3, 1 6 85-5 2, 1 6 85-3 8, 1 6 85-6 1, 1660-8 6, 16 85-8, 1 6 8 5 - 17, 1660-5 6, 1 6 8 5 - 15, 16 85-9, 1685-5 6, 1 6 85-5 5, 1685- 32, 1660-69, 1660-78, 1 6 85-5 0, 1685-2 4, 40c e n t s 30 c e n t s 40c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 40cen ts 30 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 35 c e n t s 30 c e n t s 30 c e n t s U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS W ASHING TO N, D.C. 20212 O F F IC IA L BUSINESS P E N A LTY FOR P R IV A TE USE, $300 POSTAGE A ND FEES PAID U.S. D EP A R T M E N T OF LABOR FIRST CLASS M A IL I