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I
Dayton & Montgomery Co.
' Public Library
AUG 10 13 71
DOCUMENT COLLECTION
AR EA WAGE SURVEY
T h e L u b b o ck, T e x a s , M etro p o litan A re a ,
M a rc h 1971
B u lle t in 1 6 8 5 - 6 0
U.S. D EPA R TM EN T OF LABOR / Bureau of Labor Statistics
BUREAU
OF
LABOR
S T A T IS T IC S
R E G IO N A L
O F F IC E S
ALASKA
R egion I
Region 1
1
R egion 1 1
1
R egion IV
1 6 0 3 -A Federal B u ild in g
341 N in th A ve., Rm. 1025
4 0 6 Penn S quare B u ild in g
G o v e rn m e n t C enter
New York, N .Y . 10001
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)
1317 F ilb e rt S t.
1371 Peachtree S t. N E.
P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 19107
P hone: 5 9 7 -7 7 9 6 (A rea C ode 215)
A tla n ta , Ga. 3 0 3 0 9
P hone: 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8 (A rea C ode 404)
B o s to n , Mass. 0 2 2 0 3
P hone. 2 2 3 -6 7 6 1 (A rea C ode 61 7)
R egion V
219 S o u th D e a rb o rn S t.
C hicago, III. 6 0 6 0 4
Phone: 3 5 3 -7 2 3 0 (A rea Code 312)
R egion V I
R egions V II and V III
S u ite 54 0
R egions IX and X
1 1 0 0 C om m erce S t., R m . 6B 7
Dallas, T e x . 7 5 2 0 2
Federal O ffic e B u ild in g
911 W a ln u t S t., 10 th F lo o r
4 5 0 G o ld e n G ate A ve.
P hone: 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (A rea Code 214)
Kansas C ity , M o . 6 4 1 0 6
P hone: 37 4-24 81 (A rea Code 816)
San Francisco, C a lif. 9 4 1 0 2
Regions V II and V III w ill be serviced b y Kansas C ity .
R egions IX and X w ill be serviced b y San F rancisco.
B ox 3 6 0 1 7
Phone: 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (A rea C ode 415)
U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
B U R EA U OF LABOR S TA TISTIC S
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
AR EA WAGE SURVEY
T h e L u b b o c k, T e x a s , M e tro p o lita n A re a ,
M a rc h 1971
B u lle tin 1 6 8 6 - 6 0
June 1971
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 30 cents
Contents
Preface
Page
T h e B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s p r o g r a m o f annual
o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s is d e
s ig n e d t o p r o v i d e d a ta on o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n i n g s , a n d e s t a b
lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It
y i e l d s d e t a ile d d a ta b y s e l e c t e d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n f o r e a c h
o f th e a r e a s s t u d ie d , f o r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s , a n d f o r th e
U n ite d S t a t e s .
A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in th e p r o g r a m i s
th e n e e d f o r g r e a t e r in s i g h t in to (1 ) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s
b y o c c u p a t io n a l c a t e g o r y a nd s k i l l l e v e l , an d (2 ) th e s t r u c
t u r e a nd l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s .
A t th e e n d o f e a c h s u r v e y , an in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l
le t in p r e s e n t s th e s u r v e y r e s u l t s . A f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f a ll
o f th e in d iv id u a l a r e a b u ll e t in s f o r a r o u n d o f s u r v e y s , tw o
s u m m a r y b u ll e t in s a r e i s s u e d .
T h e f i r s t b r i n g s d a ta f o r
e a c h o f th e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s tu d ie d in to o n e b u ll e t in .
T h e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s in f o r m a t i o n w h ic h h a s b e e n p r o j e c t e d
f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a d a ta t o r e l a t e t o g e o
g r a p h ic r e g i o n s a n d th e U n ite d S t a t e s .
I n t r o d u c t io n __________________________________________________________________________
W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s _______________________________
T a b le s :
1.
2.
A.
E s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a nd
n u m b e r s tu d ie d ____________________________________________________________
I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k ly s a l a r i e s a n d s t r a i g h t - t i m e
h o u r l y e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a n d
p e r c e n t s o f i n c r e a s e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s ---------------------------------------O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s :
A - l . O f f i c e o c c u p a t io n s —w o m e n ________________________________________
A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s — e n ------------------------m
A - 3 . O f fic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —
m e n a n d w o m e n c o m b i n e d ______________________________________
A - 4 . M a in t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s --------------------------------A - 5 . C u s t o d ia l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ---------------------
A p p e n d ix .
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ---------------------------------------------------------------
N in e t y a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e in c lu d e d in th e p r o
g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , i n f o r m a t i o n o n o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s
is c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly a n d on e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d
s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s b ie n n ia lly .
T h is b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y in
L u b b o c k , T e x . , in M a r c h 1 9 7 1 . T h e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o lit a n
S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t
th ro u g h J a n u a ry 1968, c o n s is t s o f L u b b o ck C ou n ty.
T h is
s tu d y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in
D a l l a s , T e x . , u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f B o y d B .
O 'N e a l , A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l D i r e c t o r f o r O p e r a t io n s .
1
4
NOTE:
S i m i l a r t a b u la t io n s
a r e a s . (S e e in s i d e b a c k c o v e r . )
are
a v a ila b le
fo r o th e r
U n io n s c a l e s , in d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in
th e L u b b o c k a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r b u ild in g c o n
s t r u c t io n ; p r in t in g ; l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t in g e m p l o y e e s ; a n d
lo c a l tr u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s .
3
5
6
7
7
8
8
10
In tr o d u c tio n
T h is a r e a is 1 o f 90 in w h ic h th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r 's
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s c o n d u c t s s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s
and r e la t e d b e n e f it s o n an a r e a w id e b a s i s . 1
e it h e r ( l ) e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n is t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h
d a ta t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e
o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t d a ta . E a r n in g s d a ta n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e ly
f o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e in c lu d e d in a l l in d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d d a ta ,
w h e r e s h o w n . L i k e w i s e , d a ta a r e in c lu d e d in th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
w h e n a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f s e c r e t a r i e s o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is n o t s h o w n
o r in f o r m a t i o n t o s u b c l a s s i f y is n o t a v a i l a b l e .
T h is b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s c u r r e n t o c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t an d
e a r n in g s in f o r m a t i o n o b t a in e d l a r g e l y b y m a i l f r o m th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s
v i s i t e d b y B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s in th e l a s t p r e v i o u s s u r v e y f o r
o c c u p a t io n s r e p o r t e d in th a t e a r l i e r s tu d y . P e r s o n a l v i s i t s w e r e m a d e
to n o n r e s p o n d e n t s a n d t o t h o s e r e s p o n d e n t s r e p o r t i n g u n u s u a l c h a n g e s
s i n c e th e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t a n d e a r n in g s d a ta a r e s h o w n f o r
f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k ly s c h e d u le
in th e g iv e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
E a r n in g s d a ta e x c lu d e p r e
m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
la t e s h if t s .
N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , b u t c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a llo w a n c e s a n d in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s a r e i n c lu d e d . W h e r e w e e k ly h o u r s
a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is to th e
s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k (r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h ic h e m
p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y
f o r o v e r t i m e a t r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n
in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s h a v e b e e n r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o ll a r .
In e a c h a r e a , d a ta a r e o b t a in e d f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b
l is h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r in g ; t r a n s
p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ;
r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s . M a jo r
in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a
t io n s an d th e c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s
h a v in g f e w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e
th e y te n d to f u r n is h in s u f f i c i e n t e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d
to w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n .
S e p a r a t e t a b u la t io n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f
th e b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h ic h m e e t p u b lic a t i o n c r i t e r i a .
T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s in
an a r e a a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r i s o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n a l
a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y n ot r e f le c t e x p e c te d w a ge ch a n g e s .
The
a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s and
e m p lo y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F o r e x a m p l e , p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d
b y h ig h - o r l o w - w a g e f i r m s m a y c h a n g e o r h ig h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y
a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s a n d b e r e p l a c e d b y n e w w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s .
S u ch s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t c o u ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n
th o u g h m o s t e s t a b lis h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g th e y e a r .
T r e n d s in e a r n in g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in t a b le 2 , a r e b e t t e r
i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th a n in d iv id u a l j o b s w ith in th e g r o u p s .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f
th e u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
To
o b ta in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y at m i n im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f
l a r g e th a n o f s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s tu d ie d . In c o m b i n in g th e d a ta ,
h o w e v e r , a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t . E s
t i m a t e s b a s e d o n th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e ,
a s r e la t in g t o a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e in d u s t r y g r o u p in g a n d a r e a ,
e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e lo w th e m in im u m s i z e s tu d ie d .
O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n in g s
T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y
o f m a n u f a c t u r in g a n d n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s , a n d a r e o f th e
f o llo w in g t y p e s :
( l ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2 ) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l ;
(3) m a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e r p la n t ; a n d (4) c u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e
m e n t.
O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d o n a u n if o r m s e t o f jo b
d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d t o ta k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n
in d u tie s w ith in th e s a m e jo b .
T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y
a r e l i s t e d an d d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d ix . T h e e a r n in g s d a ta f o llo w in g
th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a l l i n d u s t r ie s c o m b i n e d . E a r n in g s d a ta f o r s o m e
o f th e o c c u p a t io n s l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s
w ith in o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e
T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n t e d r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w id e e s t i
m a tes.
I n d u s t r ie s a n d e s t a b lis h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l an d jo b
s t a ffin g a n d , th u s , c o n t r ib u t e d i f f e r e n t l y t o th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h jo b .
T h e p a y r e la t io n s h ip o b t a in a b le f r o m th e a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a in t a in e d a m o n g j o b s in
in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s
f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in a n y o f th e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s h o u ld n o t b e
a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f th e s e x e s w ith in
in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
O t h e r p o s s i b l e f a c t o r s w h ic h m a y c o n
t r ib u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n an d w o m e n in c lu d e : D i f f e r e n c e s
in p r o g r e s s i o n w ith in e s t a b l i s h e d r a te r a n g e s , s i n c e o n ly th e a c t u a l
1
Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State
r a t e s p a id in c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; a n d d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c d u tie s
Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (o ffice occu
p e r f o r m e d , a lth o u g h th e w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y w ith in
pations only); Syracuse; and Utica—Rome. In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies
th e s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g
in 77 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour Division of the U. S. Department o f Labor.
1
2
e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th a n t h o s e
u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d a llo w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s
a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e s p e c i f i c d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t th e t o t a l in a ll
e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e s tu d y a n d n o t th e n u m b e r a c t u
a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g
e s t a b lis h m e n t s , th e e s t im a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b t a in e d f r o m
th e s a m p le o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e th e r e l a t i v e
i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s tu d ie d .
T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l
s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f th e e a r n in g s d a ta .
E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s a nd S u p p le m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s
T a b u la t io n s on s e l e c t e d e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a nd s u p p le
m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in th is
b u ll e t in .
I n fo r m a t io n f o r t h e s e t a b u la t io n s is c o l l e c t e d b ie n n ia lly .
T h e s e t a b u la t io n s o n m i n im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r i n e x p e r i e n c e d
w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; s h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ; s c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s ;
p a id h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; a nd h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a nd p e n s io n
p la n s a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) in p r e v i o u s b u ll e t in s f o r
th is a r e a .
3
T a b le 1. Establishm ents and w o rk e rs within scope of survey and n um ber studied in Lubbock, T e x .,1
by m ajor industry division,2 M arch 1971
Minimum
em ploym ent
in esta b lish ments in scope
o f study
Industry d ivision
A ll d ivision s____________
_______
_______
M anufacturing___________________________________
Nonm anufacturing_______________________________
T ransp ortation, com m unication, and
other public u tilities 5 ______________________
W holesale t r a d e 6 ____
_ _ -------------- _ _
R etail trade 6_________________________________
F inance, insu ra n ce, and rea l e s ta te 6 ______
S erv ices 6 7___________________________________
_
Number o f establishm ents
W orkers in establishm ents
Within scope o f study4
Within scope
o f stu dy3
Studied
Studied
Number
P ercent
133
63
17, 038
100
11,345
50
“
42
91
22
41
5,061
11,977
30
70
3 ,657
7,688
50
50
50
50
50
15
18
38
8
12
___________________
10
7
13
5
6
2,905
1,412
5,652
1, 146
862
17
8
33
7
5
2, 530
680
3, 257
796
425
1 The Lubbock Standard M etropolitan S tatistical A re a , as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through January 1968, co n sists of Lubbock
County. The "w o rk e r s within scop e o f study" estim ates shown in this table p rovid e a reasonably a ccu rate d escrip tio n of the siz e and com p osition
o f the la b or fo r c e included in the su rvey. The estim ates a re not intended, how ever, to s e rv e as a b asis o f co m p a rison with other em ploym ent
indexes fo r the area to m easu re em ploym ent trends o r le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of wage surveys req u ires the use o f establishm ent data com p iled
con sid era b ly in advance of the p a yroll p e rio d studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents a re excluded fro m the scop e o f the survey.
2 The 1967 edition o f the Standard Industrial C la ssifica tio n Manual was u sed in cla ssify in g establishm ents by industry division .
3 Includes all establishm ents with total em ploym ent at o r above the m inim um lim itation . A ll outlets (within the a rea ) of com panies in such
industries as trad e, finance, auto rep a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p icture theaters a re con sid e re d as 1 establishm ent.
4 Includes all w ork ers in all establishm ents with total em ploym ent (within the a rea ) at o r above the m inim um lim itation.
5 A bbreviated to "p u b lic u tilitie s " in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s. T axicabs and s e r v ic e s incidental to w ater transportation w ere excluded.
6 This industry d ivision is rep resen ted in estim ates fo r "a ll in d u strie s" and "nonm anufacturing" in the S eries A ta b le s. Separate p resentation
of data fo r this division is not m ade fo r one o r m o re of the follow ing rea son s: (1) E m ploym ent in the division is too sm all to p rovid e enough data
to m erit separate study, (2) the sam ple was not designed in itially to p erm it separate p resentation, (3) resp on se was insu fficien t or inadequate to
perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is p o ss ib ility o f d isc lo s u re of individual establishm ent data.
7 H otels and m o te ls ; laundries and other p erson a l s e r v ic e s ; busin ess s e r v ic e s ; autom obile re p a ir, rental, and parking; m otion p ictu res;
nonprofit m em b ersh ip organ ization s (excluding religiou s and ch aritable organ iza tion s); and engineering and arch itectu ral s e r v ic e s .
T hree-ten th s of the w o rk e rs within scop e of the survey in the Lubbock area w ere
em ployed in m anufacturing fir m s . The follow ing p resen ts the m a jo r industry groups and
s p e c ific industries as a p ercen t of all m anufacturing:
Industry groups
S p ecific industries
F ood and kindred p ro d u c ts ____ 41
M ach in ery, except e le c tr ic a l— 19
E le c tr ic a l equipment and
supplies________________________ 10
F a b rica ted m etal p rod u cts_____10
C onstruction and related
m achinery______________________15
M iscella n eou s foods and
kindred p r o d u c ts ______________ 15
F a b rica ted structural m etal
p ro d u c ts _______________________ 10
This inform ation is based on estim ates o f total em ploym ent d erived fro m un iverse
m ateria ls com p iled p r io r to actual survey. P rop ortion s in va riou s industry division s m ay
d iffer fro m p rop ortion s based on the resu lts of the survey as shown in table 1 above.
W a g e T r e n d s fo r S e le c te d O c c u p a tio n a l G ro u p s
s h o w s th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e .
The in d e x is the p r o d u c t o f m u lt ip ly in g
th e b a s e y e a r r e l a t i v e ( 1 0 0 ) b y th e r e l a t i v e f o r th e n e x t s u c c e e d i n g
y e a r and c o n t i n u i n g t o m u l t i p l y ( c o m p o u n d ) e a c h y e a r ' s r e l a t i v e b y the
p r e v io u s y e a r 's in dex.
P r e s e n t e d in t a b l e 2 a r e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e
in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ,
and in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s .
The in d e xe s
a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f
w a g e s d u r i n g th e b a s e p e r i o d .
S u b t r a c t i n g 100 f r o m th e i n d e x y i e l d s
the p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m the b a s e p e r i o d to t h e d a t e o f
th e i n d e x .
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e r e l a t e to w a g e
c h a n g e s b e t w e e n the i n d i c a t e d d a t e s .
Annual ra tes of in c r e a s e , w h e r e
s h o w n , r e f l e c t th e a m o u n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n t h s w h e n th e t i m e
p e r i o d b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s o t h e r than 12 m o n t h s . T h e s e c o m p u t a t i o n s
w e r e b a s e d o n th e a s s u m p t i o n th at w a g e s i n c r e a s e d at a c o n s t a n t r a t e
betw een s u r v e y s .
T h e s e e s t im a t e s a re m e a s u r e s o f ch a n g e in a v e r
a g e s f o r th e a r e a ; t h e y a r e not i n t e n d e d t o m e a s u r e a v e r a g e p a y
c h a n g e s in th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e a r e a .
F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , th e w a g e
t r e n d s r e l a t e t o r e g u l a r w e e k l y s a l a r i e s f o r the n o r m a l w o r k w e e k ,
e x clu siv e of earn ings fo r o v e r tim e .
F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey
m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , e x c l u d i n g
p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
late s h ift s.
The p e r c e n t a g e s are b a s e d on data f o r s e le c t e d key o c c u
p a t i o n s and i n c l u d e m o s t o f t h e n u m e r i c a l l y i m p o r t a n t j o b s w ith in
each group.
L im itation s
o f D ata
M ethod o f C om putin g
T h e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e ,
as m e a s u r e s
of
ch a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e in flu e n c e d by:
(1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and
w a g e c h a n g e s , (2) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i
v i d u a l w o r k e r s w h i l e i n th e s a m e j o b , and (3) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
w a g e s du e t o c h a n g e s i n th e l a b o r f o r c e r e s u l t i n g f r o m l a b o r t u r n
o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r
tion s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith d if f e r e n t pay l e v e l s .
C h a n g e s i n th e l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in th e
o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s w ith ou t a ctu a l w a g e c h a n g e s .
It i s c o n c e i v a b l e
th at e v e n t h o u g h a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n an a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s ,
a v e ra g e w a ges m a y have d e c lin e d b e c a u s e lo w e r -p a y in g esta b lish m en ts
e n t e r e d th e a r e a o r e x p a n d e d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s .
S im ila rly , wages
m a y h a v e r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y c o n s t a n t , y e t th e a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a
m a y have r is e n c o n s id e r a b ly b e c a u s e h ig h e r -p a y in g esta b lish m en ts
e n t e r e d th e a r e a .
E a c h o f th e f o l l o w i n g k e y o c c u p a t i o n s w i t h i n an o c c u p a t i o n a l
g r o u p w as a s sig n e d a co n sta n t w eigh t b a s e d on its p r o p o r t io n a te e m
p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p :
Office clerical (men and women): Office clerical (m en and women)— Skilled maintenance (men):
Carpenters
Continued
Bookkeeping-machine
Electricians
Secretaries
operators, class B
Machinists
Stenographers, general
Clerks, accounting, classes
Mechanics
Stenographers, senior
A and B
Mechanics (automotive)
Switchboard operators, classes
Clerks, file, classes
Painters
A and B
A, B, and C
Pipefitters
Tabulating-machine operators,
Clerks, order
Tool and die makers
class B
Clerks, payroll
Typists, classes A and B
Comptometer operators
Unskilled plant (men):
Keypunch operators, classes
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Industrial nurses (m en and women):
A and B
Nurses, industrial (registered)
Laborers, material handling
Office boys and girls
The
p l i e d b y th e
in th e g r o u p
w e re related
g a t e f o r th e
T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p l o y m e n t w e i g h t s e l i m i n a t e s th e e f f e c t
o f c h a n g e s i n th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d i n e a c h j o b i n
c l u d e d in th e d a t a .
The p e r c e n t a g e s o f ch ange r e f le c t on ly ch anges
in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s .
T h e y a r e not in flu e n c e d by
c h a n g e s in s ta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le s , as such , o r by p r e m i u m pay
for ov ertim e.
W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , d a t a w e r e a d j u s t e d to r e m o v e f r o m
th e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d
b y c h a n g e s i n th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
a v era g e (m ean) e a rn in g s f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n w e r e m u lt i
o c c u p a t i o n a l w e i g h t , and th e p r o d u c t s f o r a l l o c c u p a t i o n s
w e r e tota led.
The aggregates fo r 2 con secu tiv e y e a rs
b y d i v i d i n g th e a g g r e g a t e f o r t h e l a t e r y e a r b y th e a g g r e
e a rlier yea r.
T h e r e s u l t a n t r e l a t i v e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t ,
4
5
Table 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected
occupational groups in Lubbock, Tex., March 1970 and March 1971,
and percents of increase for selected periods
Office
clerical
(men and
women)
Period
Industrial
nurses
(men and
women)
Skilled
maintenance
trades
(men)
Unskilled
plant
workers
(men)
Indexes (June 1967=100)
March 1970___________ __________________________________
March 1971______________________________________________
114. 0
119. 2
(!)
( )
(M
(*)
130. 5
Indexes (May 1967=100)
Marrh 1Q7 1
______
_ __
__ _ __________
__
_
149. 2
(M
(l)
(>)
n
123. 8
161.4
Percents of increase
June I960 to May 1961:
3. 1
3.4
(>)
(*)
(*)
C)
3. 1
3. 4
3. 7
3. 4
(!)
( )
(M
n
.6
.6
2. 4
3. 8
3. 7
2. 9
6. 3
4. 1
Annual rate of increase--------------------------- --------------------
(*)
o
>
(M
3.9'
May 1961 to June 1962:
June 1968 to March 1969:
4. 2
1
1
( ')
(>)
( ')
(•)
1
1
.8
6. 2
8. 5
(l)
(M
4. 3
(l)
( !>
t )
( l)
5. 1
4. 6
H
(l)
1 Data do not meet publication criteria.
NOTE: Most previously published indexes for the Lubbock area used May 1961 as the
base period. They can be converted to the new base period by dividing them by the
corresponding index numbers for June 1967 on the May 1961 base period as shown in the
table. (The result should be multiplied by 100.)
7. 5
7. 3
6
A.
O ccupational earnings
T a b le A -1.
O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s -w o m e n
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex., March 1971)
W
eekly earnings *
(standard)
Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of—
S
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Tf
w
orkers
« * ly
hours1
(standard)
M
ean2
M
edian2
M
iddle range2
S
60
and
under
$
%
65
_
?°
70
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 5
$
$
75
_
75
8°
$
$
85
$
9°
$
95
10°
$
105
$
U°
$
115
$
120
—
80
85
90
95
1 00
1 05
1 10
115
1
-
120
$
125
$
$
130
—
—
125
130
135
-
-
-
$
135
$
140
—
140
145
—
145
$
150
—
150
$
155
160
and
155
160
over
WOMEN
BOOKKEEPI NG- MACHI NE OPERATORS,
C L A S S B -----------------------------------------------------------------------
26
40.0
$
8 2 . 0C
C L E R K S , A C C 0 0 N T I N G , C L A S S A -------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
39
35
40.0
4 0 .C
110.50
111.50
CLERKS,
ACCOUNTI NG,
CLASS
113.50
115.00
-
1
8 5 . 0 0 - 1 3 1 . CO
84.50-132.00
-
-
-
18
5
9
5
-
-
115
KEY PUNCH O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S B -----------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
65
52
S E C RE T A R I E S ---------------------------------------------------------------
1C4
40.0
114.00
113.00
99.0 0 -1 29 .5 0
-
-
40.0
87 3 9 .5
100.50
116.50
102.50
116.50
8 7 .50-114.00
101.00-134.00
-
-
6
8
-
-
84.50
8 6 . CO
82.50
84.00
7 1 .5 0-103.00
9 1 . 5 0 - 1 1 6 . 5C
7 4 .507 4 .0 0 -
9 4 . QC
96.50
18
-
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S B -------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
27
23
40.0
40.0
119.50
1 2 2 . 5C
120.00
122.50
26
20
40.0
4 0 .i
120.50
127.00
118.50
127.50
99 .5 0 -1 46 .0 0
1 1 6 . 0 0 - 1 5 3 . CO
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S 0 --------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
44
37
39.5
39.5
1 0 5 . CO
105.50
103.00
103.50
9 5 .00-117.00
9 5 . 5 0 - 1 1 7 . 5C
S T E N O G R A P H E R S , G E N E R A L -------------------------------N ON M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------------
61
53
19
40.0
40.0
4 0.0
91.00
91.50
98.50
88.50
89.50
93.50
8 2 .5 0 - 97.50
82.00-101.00
88.50-115.00
S T E N O G R A P H E R S , S E N I O R ----------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
30
30
40.0
40.0
112.00
112.00
106.00
106.00
B --------------
17
40.0
78.50
77.00
7 2 .5 0 -
40.0
79.50
77.50
7 2 .5 0 -
91.50
-
5
6
5
1
1
5
5
4
3
3
3
5
7
2
1
9
6
8
2
3
3
1
10
-
8
-
-
1
-
8
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
9
-
3
5
-
S WI T C H B O A R D
S WI T C H B O A RD
TYPISTS,
OPERATORS, CLASS
OPERATOR-RECEPTIONI STS-
CLASS
B ------------------------------
NONMANUF AC T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of tables,
21
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1
3
4
5
1
-
-
-
2
5
-
-
5
5
-
-
-
5
3
-
-
-
-
8
1
-
1
10
1
1
-
12
2
-
1
1
-
1
1
1
2
2
1
12
3
6
-
1
5
13
11
2
9
-
6
15
3
3
2
2
-
3
3
3
8
8
-
3
7
7
3
3
1
3
2
8 5 . CC
15
-
7
6
3
-
1
1
4
16
6
6
4
-
12
16
11
3
-
-
101.00-127.00
101.00-127.00
NON M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
7
2
17
15
1
8
4
1 0 7 .5 C -140.00
1 1 C. C O - 1 4 1 . 5 0
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S C -------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
1
-
6
2
-
3
-
10
9
4
3
-
10
8
1
0
11
8
2
1
-
17
40.0
40.0
87.50
1C3.00
73.5 0 -1 02 .0 0
4
-
1 01
46
87.50
101.50
88.00
$
$
7 6 .5 0 - 88.00
B ------------------
40.0
40.0
88.00
81.50
NONMANUF A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------------
M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N 0 N M A N U F A C T U R 1 N G ------------------------------------------------
40.0
$
-
-
1
-
1
1
1
1
-
-
3
- -
2
-
1
-
105
-
1
1
2
4
4
4
-
1
2
-
5
5
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
- 3
-
-
- -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
8
7
13
13
13
7
-
11
10
2
5
4
6
-
6
6
1
1
-
1
1
5
5
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
3
-
2
6
-
-
3
6
1
1
3
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40.0
81.50
85.00
72 .0 0 -
9 3 . OC
3
4
-
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
39.0
81.50
79.50
7 3 .5 0 -
89.00
-
-
16
8
6
6
2
-
5
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
39.0
81.50
79.50
7 3 .5 0 -
89.00
-
-
16
8
6
6
2
-
5
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
7
T a b le A -2 .
P r o f e s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —m en and w o m e n
(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex. , March 1971)
W eekly earnings 1
(standard)
Number
of
workers
$
Average
weekly
hours1
(standard)
i
90
and
under
Number of workers receiving straight- time weekly earnings of—
S
$
i
t
$
t
V
$
*
$
$
M ean 2
M edian 2
M iddle ran ge2
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
95
Sex, occupation, and industry division
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
1
1
1
MEN
C O M P U T E R O P ER AT OR S, c l a s s
NONMANUFACTURING
$
$
$
$
124.00 127.50 10 4 . 5 0 - 1 4 8 . 0 0
124.w0 125.00 1 0 5 . 0 0 - 1 5 0 . 0C
18
15
DR AF T S M E N , C L A S S B
40.0
40.0
30
26
d
7 0 c 115.50 114.50 1 0 1 . 5 0 40.0 1 1 2 . 5C 112.00
100.50-
2
2
_
126.00
123.50
See footnotes at end of tables.
O f fic e , p ro fe s sio n a l, and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —m en and w o m e n c o m b in e d
(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on
area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex., March 1971)
Average
26
40.0
CL ER KS , AC CO UN TI NG , CL AS S A -------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------
45
37
40.0 1 1 1 . 0 0
40.0 112.00
CL ER KS , OR DE R ---------------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------
118
17
101
46
43
41
$
82.00
40.0
88.00
40.0
90.50
40.0
87.50
40.0 101.50
40.0
40.0
88.00
87.50
Number
of
$
40.0 114.50
40.0 100.50
39.5 117.50
SE CR ET A R I E S , CL A S S B -----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------
27
23
40.0 119.50
40.0 122.50
SE CR ET A R I E S , CL AS S C ----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------
27
21
40.0 123.00
40.0 130.00
SE CR ET A R I E S , CL A S S D -----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------
44
37
39.5 105.00
39.5 105.50
61
53
19
40.0
40.0
40.0
30
30
40 .0 112.00
40.0 112.30
65
52
40.0
40 .0
84.50
86.00
OF FI CE BOYS ANC GIRLS -----------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------
16
16
39.5
39.5
86.00
86.00
S T E N O G R A P H E R S , SE NI OR ------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
17
15
40.0
40.0
$
78.50
79.50
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS-
105
17
88
K E Y P U N C H O P ER AT OR S, CLASS B ------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------
Average
Occupation and industry division
21
81.50
TY PISTS, CL AS S B ---------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------
45
45
39.0
39.0
81.50
81.50
21
17
40.0
40.0
125.50
126.50
OF FICE O C C U P A T I O N S
S E C R E T A R I E S ------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------
ST E N O G R A P H E R S , G E NE RA L ----------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------P U BL IC U T I L I T I E S -------------
See footnote at end of tables.
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
OF FI CE O C C U P A T I O N S - C O N T I N U E D
B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E OPER AT OR S,
CL A S S B -------------------------------------------------------------------------
CL ER KS , AC CO UN TI NG , CL AS S B -------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------PU BLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------
Occupation and industry division
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
91.03
91.50
98.50
- CONTINUED
SW I T C H B O A R D OP ER AT OR S, CLASS B ---N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------
PR O F E S S I O N A L AND TE CHNICAL
O C CU PA TI ON S
C O M P U T E R O P E R AT OR S, CL AS S B ------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------C O M P U T E R PR 0G RA ME RS ,
BUSINESS, CL A S S B ---------------------------------------------
15
*
OF F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S
Average
Number
of
O
o
Weekly
Weekly
hours 1 earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
9-
Occupation and industry division
Number
of
DR AF TS ME N, CL A S S B --------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------
31
26
40.0 116.50
40.0 112.50
o
o
T a b le A -3 .
168.00
8
T a b le A - 4 .
M a in te n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t occu p atio n s
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex. , March 1971)
Hourly earnings3
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
M edian2
M ean 2
Number of workers receiving straight- time hourly earnings of
t
i
$
(
t
i
t
t
$
$
$
$
t
t
$
*
2.80 2.90 3.CC 3.10 3.2C 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4. 10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.5C 4.60
Under 2.6C 2.7C
%
and
2.6C under
s
$
Middle ran g e2
$
$
i
2.7C 2.80 2.90 3.0C 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.0C 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.5C 4.60 4.70
MEN
MECHANICS,
AUTOMOTIVE
21
>. a a. r- r-
MANUFA CT UR IN G — — — — —
49
— —
$
3.26
$
3.41
$
$
2.75 - 3.48
3.17
3.09
3.15
3.06
2.87 - 3.30
2.85 - 3.25
2
7
7
B
1
8
1
1
_
_
12
12
2
2
_
_
8
1
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
2
2
See footnotes at end of tables.
T a b le A - 5 .
C u sto dial and m aterial m o v e m e n t o ccupations
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Lubbock, Tex., March 1971)
Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of—
Hourly earnings3
$
*
*
$
*
$
*
$
*
$
»
$
s
s
s
$
$
$
$
$
s
$
*
1.60 1.7C 1.80 1.90 2.CO 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 3.00 3.2C 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.2C 4.40 4.60 4.8C
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Median2
Middle range 3
under
1.7C 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.8C
18
$
1.90
$
1.88
$
$
1.83- 2.05
1
-
11
2
-
-
A
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CL EANERS --MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
196
92
104
1.93
2.08
1.80
1.8B
2.11
1.70
1.68- 2.14
1.90- 2.33
1.65- 1.90
6C
8
52
21
A
17
21
11
10
14
10
A
20
1C
1C
29
25
4
“
LABORERS, MA TERIAL HAND LI NG -------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
270
132
138
2.30
2.35
2.26
2.11
2.18
2.08
1.89- 2.91
1.90- 2.93
1.89- 2.68
7
f
c
1
23
8
15
41
20
21
18
17
1
44
3
41
18
16
2
ORDER
FILLERS ----------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
136
121
2.62
2.66
2.65
2.74
2.28- 3.11
2.28- 3.12
3
-
-
_
8
8
3 . PC 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.4C 4.60 4.80 5.00
GUARDS AND WATC HM EN -----------------
10
7
3
12
12
2
2
_
-
13
13
13
12
8
8
-
5
5
“
1
12
9
3
17
5
12
8
8
11
8
8
9
9
-
i
i
-
1
i
i
"
1
6
6
60
A8
12
12
1
1
12
1
1
7
7
18
18
35
35
3
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
*
_
-
-
-
-
-
“
-
-
*
“
18
2.40
2.36
1.90- 2.75
-
-
5
-
2
-
-
A
1
-
2
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
TR UC KDRIVERS
-------------MA NU FACTURING -----------
289
43
3.80
2.19
4.80
2.12
2.43- 4.85
2.03- 2.29
21
“
5
-
1
1
7
7
12
12
15
11
4
2
5
-
10
A
_
-
“
A
3
5
3
1
23
5
3
8
-
-
-
10
15C
TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT)
MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------
170
69
101
2.44
2.32
2.52
2.41
2.41
2.41
2.04- 2.71
2.04- 2.61
2.03- 3.21
_
_
33
11
22
25
13
12
2
2
18
2
16
A
A
29
15
14
3
3
13
11
2
A
A
3
3
7
28
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
7
28
RE CEIVING CLERKS ----------
See footnotes at end of tables,
9
Footnotes
1 S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at
r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , a n d th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s .
2 T h e m e a n i s c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y t o t a l i n g th e e a r n i n g s o f a l l w o r k e r s a n d d i v i d i n g b y t h e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d i a n d e s i g n a t e s
p o s i t i o n — h a l f o f th e e m p l o y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e th a n th e r a t e s h o w n ; h a l f r e c e i v e l e s s th a n t h e r a t e s h o w n . T h e m i d d l e r a n g e i s d e f i n e d b y
2 r a t e s o f p a y ; a f o u r t h o f th e w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s th a n th e l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s a n d a f o u r t h e a r n m o r e th a n th e h i g h e r r a t e .
3 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and l a t e s h i f t s .
A p p e n d ix .
O c c u p a tio n a l D e s c rip tio n s
The prim ary purpose of preparing jo b d escrip tion s fo r the B ureau's wage surveys is to a ss ist its field staff in cla ssifyin g into appropriate
occupations w ork ers who a re em ployed under a variety of payroll titles and different w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and
from area to a rea .
This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content.
Because of this em phasis on
interestablishm ent and interarea com p arability of occupational content, the B ureau's jo b d escrip tion s may d iffer significantly from those in use in
individual establishm ents or those prepared fo r other p urposes.
In applying these job d escrip tion s, the B ureau's field econ om ists are instructed
to exclude working s u p erv isors; a pprentices; lea rn ers; beginners; train ees; and handicapped, p a rt-tim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers.
O F F IC E
BILLER, MACHINE
CLERK, FILE
P rep a res statem ents, b ills , and in v oices on a m achine other than an ordinary or e le c tr o m atic typ ew riter. May a lso keep re c o rd s as to b illings or shipping ch arges or p e rfo rm other
c le r ic a l work incidental to billing operation s. F or wage study p u rp oses, b ille r s , m achine, are
cla ss ifie d by type of m achine, as follow s:
C lass A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject m atter
file s , cla s s ifie s and indexes file m aterial such as corresp on d en ce, rep orts, technical docu
m ents, e tc. May a lso file this m ateria l. May keep re c o rd s of various types in conjunction
with the file s . May lead a sm all group of low er le ve l file cle rk s .
B iller, m achine (billing m achine). U ses a special billing m achine (Moon Hopkins, E lliott
F ish er, B urroughs, e tc., which are com bination typing and adding m achines) to prepare b ills
and inv oices fro m cu stom ers' purchase o rd e rs , internally prepared o rd e rs , shipping m e m o
randum s, e tc. U sually involves application of p redeterm ined discounts and shipping ch arges,
and entry of n ec e ss a r y extensions, which m ay or m ay not be com puted on the billing m achine,
and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m achine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon cop ies of the bill being p repared and is often done on a fanfold
m achine.
B ille r, m achine (bookkeeping m achine). Uses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E lliott
F ish e r, Remington Rand, e tc., which m ay or m ay not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare
cu stom ers' b ills as part of the accounts receiv a b le operation. Generally involves t;he sim ulta
neous entry of figu res on cu stom ers' led ger r e c o rd . The m achine autom atically accum ulates
figu res on a number of v ertica l colum ns and com putes, and usually prints autom atically the
debit or cred it b alances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. W orks fro m uniform
and standard types of sales and cred it slip s.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping m achine (Remington Rand, E lliott F ish er, Sundstrand, B urroughs,
National Cash R egister, with or without a typew riter keyboard) to keep a re c o rd of business
transactions.
C lass A. Keeps a set of re c o rd s requiring a knowledge of and exp erien ce in b asic
bookkeeping p rin cip les, and fa m ilia rity with the structure of the p articular accounting system
used. D eterm ines proper re c o rd s and distribution of debit and cred it item s to be used in each
phase of the w ork. May prepare consolidated rep orts, balance sheets, and other re co rd s
by hand.
C lass B. Keeps a re c o rd of one or m ore phases or section s of a set of re c o rd s usually
requiring little knowledge of b a sic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable,
p ayroll, cu stom ers' accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing d e scrib e d under b ille r,
m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory co n tro l, etc. May check or a ssist
in preparation of tria l balances and prepare con trol sheets fo r the accounting department.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
C lass A. Under general d irection of a bookkeeper or accountant, has re sp o n sib ility fo r
keeping one or m ore section s of a com plete set of books or re co rd s relating to one phase
of an establishm ent's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary
ledger or led gers such as accounts receiv a ble or accounts payable; examining and coding
in voices or vouchers with p roper accounting distribution; and req u ires judgment and e x p e ri
ence in making prop er assignations and allocation s. May a ss ist in preparing, adjusting, and
closin g journal en tries; and m ay d irect cla ss B accounting cle rk s .
C lass B. S orts, co d e s , and file s u n classified m aterial by sim ple (subject matter) head
ings or partly cla ss ifie d m ateria l by fin er subheadings. P rep a res sim ple related index and
c r o s s -r e fe r e n c e aids. As requested, loca tes cle a rly identified m aterial in file s and forw ards
m aterial.
May p erform related cle r ic a l tasks required to maintain and s ervice file s .
C lass C . P e rfo rm s routine filin g of m aterial that has already been cla ss ifie d or which
is e a sily cla ss ifie d in a sim ple se ria l cla ss ifica tio n system (e .g ., alphabetical, ch ron ologica l,
or n u m erical). As requested, loca tes read ily available m aterial in file s and forw ards m a
te ria l; and m ay fill out withdrawal ch arge. P e rfo rm s sim ple c le r ic a l and manual tasks r e
quired to maintain and se rv ice file s .
CLERK,
R e ce iv e s cu sto m e rs' o rd e rs fo r m aterial or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any com bination of the follo w in g : Quoting p rice s to cu stom ers; making out an ord er
sheet listing the item s to make up the o rd e r; checking p rice s and quantities of item s on order
sheet; and distributing ord er sheets to resp ectiv e departments to be fille d . May ch eck with credit
departm ent to determ ine cre d it rating of cu stom er, acknowledge re ce ip t of ord e rs from cu stom ers,
follow up ord e rs to see that they have been fille d , keep file of ord e rs re ceiv ed , and check shipping
inv oices with origin al o rd e rs .
CLERK,
PA YR OLL
Computes wages of com pany em ployees and enters the n e ce ssa ry data on the payroll
sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w o rk e rs' earnings based on tim e or production re c o rd s; and
posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing inform ation such as w o r k e r's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions fo r insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and
a ss ist paym aster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine.
COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR
P rim a ry duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p e rfo rm m athem atical com putations. This
job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of cle rk , which m ay involve f r e
quent use of a C om ptom eter but, in which, use of this m achine is incidental to p erform ance of
other duties.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
C la ss A . Operates a num erical a n d /o r alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to
tra n scrib e data fro m various source docum ents to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. P e rfo rm s same
tasks as low er level keypunch operator but, in addition, w ork requires application of coding
sk ills and the making of som e determ inations, fo r exam ple, loca tes on the source document
the item s to be punched; extracts inform ation fro m several docum ents; and search es fo r and
in terprets inform ation on the docum ent to determ ine inform ation to be punched. May train
inexperienced op era tors.
C lass B. Under supervision, p erform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such
as posting sim ple journal vouchers or accounts payable vou chers, entering vou chers in
voucher r e g iste rs ; recon cilin g bank accounts; and posting subsidiary led gers con trolled by
general led g ers, or posting sim ple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowl
edge of accounting and bookkeeping p rinciples but is found in o ffice s in which the m ore routine
accounting w ork is subdivided on a functional basis among several w ork ers.
ORDER
1
0
11
SECRETAR Y— C ont inue d
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR----Continued
C lass B. Under clo s e supervision or follow ing sp ecific p roced u res or instructions,
tra n scrib es data fro m sou rce docum ents to punched ca rd s. O perates a num erical a n d /or
alphabetical or com bination keypunch m achine to keypunch tabulating ca rd s. May verify ca rd s.
Working fro m various standardized sou rce docum ents, follow s sp ecified sequences which have
been coded or p rescrib ed in detail and require little or no selectin g , coding, or interpreting
of data to be punched. P rob lem s a rising fro m erron eou s item s or co d e s , m issin g inform ation,
e tc., are re fe rr e d to su p ervisor.
d. S ecreta ry to the head of an individual plant, fa cto ry , etc. (o r other equivalent level
of o fficia l) that em p loy s, in all, over 5, 000 p e rs o n s ; or
e. S ecreta ry to the head of a large and important organizational segm ent (e .g ., a middle
m anagem ent su p ervisor of an organizational segm ent often involving as many as several
hundred p erson s) of a com pany that em p loys, in all, over 25, 000 p e rs o n s .
C lass C
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
P e rfo rm s various routine duties such as running erran ds, operating m inor office m a
chines such as sea lers or m a ile rs , opening and distributing m ail, and other m inor c le r ic a l work.
SECRETARY
A ssigned as personal s e cre ta ry , n orm a lly to one individual. Maintains a clo se and highly
resp onsive relationship to the d a y -to -d a y w ork activ ities of the s u p e rviso r. Works fa ir ly inde
pendently receiv in g a m inimum of detailed supervision and guidance. P e rfo rm s varied c le r ic a l
and s e cre ta ria l duties, usually including m ost of the follow in g : (a) R eceives telephone ca lls,
personal c a lle r s , and incom ing m ail, answ ers routine in q u iries, and routes the technical inquiries
to the prop er p erson s; (b) esta b lish es, m aintains, and re v ise s the s u p e rv is o r's file s ; (c) maintains
the su p e rv is o r's calendar and m akes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essa ges fro m super
v is o r to subordinates; (e) review s co r resp on d en ce, m em orandum s, and rep orts p rep a red by others
fo r the su p e rv is o r's signature to a ssu re procedu ral and typographic a ccu ra cy ; and (f) p erform s
stenographic and typing work.
May a lso p erform other c le r ic a l and secreta ria l tasks of com parable nature and d ifficulty.
The w ork typ ica lly req u ires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization,
p rog ra m s, and p roced u res related to the work of the su p ervisor.
E xclusions
Not all positions that are titled " s e c r e ta r y " p o ssess the above ch a r a c te r is tic s. E xam ples
of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follow s: (a) P ositions which do not m eet
the "p erson a l" s e cre ta ry concept d escrib ed above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in s e cre ta ria l
type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of p rofession a l, technical,
or m anagerial p erson s; (d) s e cre ta ry positions in which the duties are either substantially m ore
routine or substantially m ore com p lex and resp on sib le than those ch aracterized in the definition;
and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore resp onsible techn ical, adm in
istrative, s u p ervisory , or specialized cle r ic a l duties which are not typical of se cre ta ria l work.
NOTE: The term "co rp o ra te o f f i c e r ," used in the level definitions follow ing, re fe rs to
those officia ls who have a significant corp ora te-w id e policym aking role with regard to m ajor
com pany a ctiv ities. The title " v ic e p r e s id e n t," though n orm a lly indicative of this ro le , does not
in all ca ses identify such p ositions. V ice presidents whose p rim ary resp on sib ility is to act p e r
sonally on individual ca ses or transactions (e .g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions;
adm inister individual trust accounts; d ire ctly supervise a cle r ic a l staff) are not con sid ered to be
"co rp o ra te o ffic e r s ” fo r purposes of applying the follow ing level d efinition s.
C lass A
all,
a. S ecreta ry to the chairm an of the board or p residen t of a com pany that em ploys, in
over 100 but few er than 5,0 0 0 p e rs o n s ; or
b. S ecreta ry to a corp orate o ffic e r (other than the chairm an of the b oard or president)
of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 but few er than 25, 000 p e rs o n s ; or
c. S ecreta ry to the head (im m ediately below the corp o ra te o ffic e r level) of a m ajor
segm ent o r subsidiary of a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p e rs o n s .
C lass B
a. S ecreta ry to the chairm an of the board or p residen t of a com pany that em ploys, in
all, few er than 100 p e rs o n s ; or
b. S ecreta ry to a corp orate o ffice r (other than the chairm an of the b oard o r president)
of a com pany that em p loys, in all, over 100 but few er than 5,000 p e rs o n s ; or
c. S ecreta ry to the head (im m ediately below
corp ora te-w id e functional activity (e .g ., m arketing,
tions, etc.) o £ a m ajor geographic o r organizational
a m a jor division) of a com pany that em ploys, in
e m p loy ees; or
the o ffice r level) over either a m ajor
re s e a rch , op eration s, industrial r e la
segm ent (e .g ., a regional headquarters;
all, over 5,000 but few er than 25,000
a. S e cre ta ry to an executive or m anagerial p erson whose resp on sib ility is not equivalent
to one of the s p e c ific le ve l situations in the definition fo r cla ss B, but whose subordinate staff
n orm a lly num bers at lea st se ve ra l dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organizational
segm ents which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In som e com panies, this le v e l includes
a wide range of organizational ech elon s; in o th e rs, only one o r two; or
b. S ecreta ry to the head of an individual plant, fa cto ry , etc. (o r other equivalent level
of o fficia l) that em ploys, in all, few er than 5, 000 p e rs o n s .
C lass D
a. S ecreta ry to the su p ervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., few er than
about 25 or 30 p e rso n s); <yr
b. S ecreta ry to a n on sup ervisory staff sp e cia list, p ro fe ssio n a l em ployee, adm inistra
tive o ffic e r , or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE; Many com panies assign
sten ographers, rather than s e cre ta rie s as d e scrib e d above, to this le v e l of su p ervisory or
n on su p ervisory w orker.)
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
P rim a ry duty is to take dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary fro m one or m ore
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine; and transcribe dictation. May
also type fro m written copy. May maintain file s , keep sim ple r e c o r d s , or p erform other relatively
routine c le r ic a l tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include tra n scrib in gm achine w ork. (See tra nscribin g-m achine o p e ra to r.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
P rim a ry duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as in legal b rie fs or reports on scien tific re s e a rch fro m one or m ore persons either in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine; and tra n scrib e dictation. May a lso type fro m written
copy. May a lso set up and maintain file s , keep r e c o rd s , etc.
OR
P e rfo rm s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and re sp o n si
bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the follow ing: Work requires high d egree of
stenographic speed and a ccu ra cy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and o ffice
proced u res and of the s p e cific business operation s, organization, p o lic ie s, p roced u res, file s ,
workflow , e tc. Uses this knowledge in perform ing stenographic duties and resp onsible c le r ic a l
tasks such a s, maintaining followup file s ; assem bling m aterial fo r re p o rts, m em orandum s, letters,
e tc.; com posing sim ple letters fro m general instructions; reading and routing incom ing m ail; and
answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribin g-m achine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
C lass A . O perates a sin gle- o r m ultiple-position telephone sw itchboard handling incom ing,
outgoing, intraplant or o ffice ca lls. P e rfo r m s full telephone inform ation s e rv ice o r handles
co m p lex ca lls , such as co n fe re n ce , co lle ct, o v e rse a s , o r sim ila r ca lls, either in addition to
doing routine w ork as d e scrib e d fo r switchboard op era tor, cla ss B, or as a fu ll-tim e
assignm ent. ("F u ll" telephone inform ation s e rv ice o ccu rs when the establishm ent has varied
functions that are not read ily understandable fo r telephone inform ation p u rp oses, e .g ., because
of overlapping o r in terrelated functions, and consequently present frequent p rob lem s as to
which extensions are appropriate fo r ca lls.)
C lass B . O perates a single- o r m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incom ing,
outgoing, intraplant o r o ffice ca lls. May handle routine long distance ca lls and re c o rd tolls.
May p e rfo rm lim ited telephone inform ation s e rv ice . ("L im ited " telephone inform ation se rv ice
o cc u rs if the functions of the establishm ent s e rv ice d are readily understandable fo r telephone
inform ation p u rp oses, o r if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension num bers when
s p e c ific nam es are furnished, o r if com p lex ca lls are re fe rr e d to another operator.)
12
SWITCHBOARD OPERATO R-RECEPTION IST
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued
In addition to p erform in g duties of operator on a sin gle -p o sitio n or m onitor-typ e sw itch
board, acts as reception ist and m ay also type or p erform routine c le r ic a l work as part of regular
duties. This typing or cle r ic a l w ork m ay take the m ajor part of this w o r k e r's tim e while at
sw itchboard.
Class C. Operates sim ple tabulating or e le ctrica l accounting m achines such as the
s o rte r, reproducing punch, co lla to r, e tc., with s p e c ific instructions. May include sim ple
w iring from diagram s and som e filing w ork. The w ork typ ically involves portions of a work
unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Class A . O perates a va riety of tabulating or e le ctrica l accounting m achines, typ ically
including such m achines as the tabulator, ca lcu la tor, in te rp re te r, co lla to r, arid others.
P e rfo r m s com plete reporting assignm ents without close sup ervision, and p e rfo rm s difficult
w iring as req u ired . The com plete reporting and tabulating assignm ents typically involve a
va riety of long and com p lex rep orts which often are of irreg u la r or non recurring type r e
quiring som e planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. A s a m ore exp erien ced op era tor,
is typ ica lly involved in training new op era tors in m achine op era tion s, or partially trained
op era tors in w iring from diagram s and operating sequences of long and com p lex re p o rts.
Does not include working s u p ervisors p erform in g tabulating-m achine operations and d a y -to day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-m achine op era tors.
C lass B . Operates m ore d ifficult tabulating or e le ctrica l accounting m achines such as the
tabulator and ca lcu la tor, in addition to the s o rte r, re p ro d u ce r, and co lla to r. This w ork is
p erform ed under s p e c ific instructions and m ay include the perform a n ce of som e wiring fro m
diagram s. The w ork typically involv es, for exam ple, tabulations involving a repetitive
accounting e x e r c is e , a com plete but sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and m ore
com plex rep ort. Such rep orts and studies are usually of a recu rrin g nature where the p r o
cedures are w ell established. May also include the training of new em ployees in the b asic
operation of the m achine.
P rim a ry duty is to tra n scrib e dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from
tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e r e c o rd s . May also type from written copy and do sim ple cle rica l work.
W orkers tran scribin g dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal
b rie fs or reports on scie n tific re se a rch are not included. A w orker who takes dictation in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is cla ssifie d as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
Uses a typew riter to make cop ies of various m aterial or to make out bills after ca lcu la
tions have been made by another p erson. May include typing of sten cils, m ats, or sim ilar m ate
ria ls fo r use in duplicating p r o c e s s e s . May do cle rica l work involving little special training, such
as keeping sim ple re c o r d s , filing re co rd s and re p o rts, or sorting and distributing incom ing m ail.
Class A . P e rfo rm s one or m ore of the follow ing: Typing m aterial in final form when it
involves com bining m aterial fro m severa l sou rces or resp onsibility for co r re ct spelling,
syllabication , punctuation, e tc., of technical or unusual w ords or foreign language m aterial;
and planning layout and typing of com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniform ity and
balance in spacing. May type routine fo rm letters varying details to suit circum stances.
Class B . P e rfo rm s one or m ore of the follow ing: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts;
routine typing of fo rm s , insurance p o lic ie s , e tc.; and setting up sim ple standard tabulations,
or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced p rop erly.
P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L
COMPUTER OPERATOR
COMPUTER PROGRAM ER, BUSINESS
M onitors and operates the con trol con sole of a digital com puter to p r o c e s s data a ccordin g
to operating instructions, usually p rep a red by a p rog ra m e r. W ork includes m ost of the follow in g;
Studies instructions to determ ine equipment setup and operation s; loads equipment with required
item s (tape re e ls , ca rd s , e tc.); sw itches n e ce ss a ry auxiliary equipment into circ u it, and starts
and operates com puter; m akes adjustments to com puter to c o r r e c t operating p rob lem s and m eet
sp ecial conditions; review s e r r o r s made during operation and determ ines cause or re fe rs p rob lem
to su p ervisor or p rog ra m er; and maintains operating re c o rd s . May test and a ssist in corre ctin g
program .
C onverts statements of busin ess p ro b le m s, typ ically p repared by a system s analyst, into
a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the p roblem s by automatic data
p ro ce s s in g equipment. Working fro m charts o r diagram s, the p rog ra m er develops the p re cis e
instructions which, when entered into the com puter system in coded language, cause the m anipu
lation of data to achieve d e sired resu lts. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: A pplies knowledge
of com puter ca p a bilities, m athem atics, lo g ic em ployed by com puters, and p a rticular subject m atter
involved to analyze charts and diagram s of the p rob lem to be program ed. D evelops sequence
of p rog ra m steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show o rd e r in which data w ill be p ro ce s s e d ;
con verts these charts to coded instructions fo r m achine to follow ; tests and co r r e c t s p rog ra m s;
p rep a res instructions fo r operating p ersonnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters
p rog ra m s to in crease operating e fficie n cy or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains re co rd s of
p rog ra m developm ent and re v isio n s. (NOTE: W orkers p erform in g both system s analysis and p r o
gram ing should be c la ss ifie d as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
F o r wage study p u rp oses,
com puter op era tors are c la ss ifie d as follo w s:
C lass A . O perates independently, o r under only gen eral d irection , a com puter running
p rogram s with m ost of the follow ing ch a r a c te r is tic s: New p rog ra m s are frequently tested and
introduced; scheduling requirem ents are of cr itica l im portance to m in im ize downtim e; the
p rog ra m s are of com p lex design so that identification of e r r o r sou rce often requires a working
knowledge of the total p rog ra m , and alternate p rog ra m s m ay not be available. May give
d irection and guidance to low er le v e l op era tors.
C lass B . O perates independently, or under only gen eral d irection , a com puter running
p rogra m s with m ost of the follow ing c h a r a c te r is tic s: M ost of the p rog ra m s are established
production runs, typ ica lly run on a regu la rly recu rrin g b a s is; there is little or no testing
of new p rogra m s req u ired ; alternate p rog ra m s are p rovided in ca se origin al p rog ra m needs
m ajor change or cannot be co r re cte d within a reasonable tim e. In com m on e r r o r situations,
diagnoses cause and takes co r r e c tiv e action. This usually involves applying p rev iou sly p r o
gram ed co r re ctiv e steps, or using standard co r re ctio n techniques.
Does not include em ployees p rim a rily resp on sib le fo r the management or supervision of
other ele ctro n ic data p ro ce s s in g (EDP) em p loy ees, o r p ro g ra m e rs p rim arily con cerned with
scien tific a n d /o r engineering p ro b le m s.
F o r wage study p u rp oses, p rog ra m ers are cla s s ifie d as fo llo w s:
C lass A . W orks independently o r under only gen eral d irection on com p lex p roblem s which
require com petence in all phases of p rogram ing con cepts and p ra ctice s. W orking fro m dia
gram s and charts which identify the nature of d e sire d resu lts, m a jo r p ro ce ssin g steps to be
accom p lish ed , and the relationships between variou s steps of the p rob lem solving routine;
plans the full range of program ing actions needed to efficien tly utilize the com puter system
in achieving d e sire d end products.
OR
O perates under d irect sup ervision a com puter running p rog ra m s o r segm ents of p rog ra m s
with the ch a ra cteristics d escrib ed for cla ss A. May a ssist a higher le v e l operator by inde
pendently perform ing less difficult tasks assigned, and p erform in g d ifficult tasks following
detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations p erform ed .
C lass C . W orks on routine p rog ra m s under clo s e supervision. Is expected to develop
working knowledge of the com puter equipment used and ability to detect p rob lem s involved in
running routine p rog ra m s. Usually has receiv ed som e fo rm a l training in com puter operation.
May a ss ist higher lev el op era tor on com p lex p rog ra m s.
At this le vel, p rogram ing is d ifficult because com puter equipment must be organized to
produce se ve ra l interrelated but d iverse products fro m num erous and d iverse data elem ents.
A wide v a riety and extensive number of internal p ro ce s s in g actions must o cc u r. This requires
such actions as developm ent of com m on operations which can be reused, establishm ent of
linkage points betw een operation s, adjustments to data when p rogram requirem ents exceed
com puter storage capacity, and substantial m anipulation and resequencing of data elem ents
to fo rm a highly integrated program .
May p rovid e functional d irection to low er le v e l p ro g ra m e rs who are assigned to a ssist.
13
COMPUTER PROGRAM ER, BUSINESS— Continued
COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued
C lass B . W orks independently or under only gen eral d irection on rela tiv ely sim ple
p ro g ra m s, o r on sim ple segm ents of com p lex p rog ra m s. P ro g ra m s (o r segm ents) usually
p ro ce s s inform ation to produce data in two or three va ried sequences or form a ts. R eports
and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arrayin g, or making m in or additions to or
deletions from input data which are read ily available. While num erous re co rd s m ay be
p ro ce s s e d , the data have been refined in p r io r actions so that the a ccu ra cy and sequencing
of data can be tested by using a few routine ch ecks. T yp ica lly, the p rog ra m deals with
routine record -k eep in g type operation s.
OR
W orks on com p lex p rog ra m s (as d e scrib ed fo r cla ss A) under clo s e d irection of a higher
le v e l p rog ra m er or su p erv isor. May a ss ist higher lev el p ro g ra m e r by independently p e r
form ing le ss d ifficu lt tasks assigned, and p erform in g m ore d ifficult tasks under fa ir ly clo s e
d irection.
May guide or instruct low er lev el p ro g ra m e rs.
OR
W orks on a segm ent of a com p lex data p ro ce ssin g schem e or system , as d escrib ed fo r
cla ss A. W orks independently on routine assignm ents and re ce iv e s instruction and guidance
on com p lex assignm ents. W ork is review ed fo r a ccu ra cy of judgment, com pliance with in
structions, and to insure p rop er alinement with the overall system .
C lass C . W orks under imm ediate supervision, ca rryin g out analyses as assigned, usually
of a single activity. A ssignm ents are designed to develop and expand p ra ctica l experien ce
in the application of p ro ce d u re s and skills required fo r system s analysis w ork. F o r exam ple,
m ay a ss ist a higher le v e l system s analyst by preparing the detailed specification s required
by p ro g ra m e rs fro m inform ation developed by the higher le ve l analyst.
DRAFTSMAN
C lass C . Makes p ra ctica l applications of p rogram ing p ra ctice s and concepts usually
learned in form a l training co u rse s . A ssignm ents are designed to develop com petence in the
application of standard p roced u res to routine p rob lem s. R eceives clo s e su p ervision on new
aspects of assignm ents; and w ork is review ed to v e r ify its a ccu ra cy and con form an ce with
required p roced u res.
COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS
A nalyzes b u sin ess p rob lem s to form ulate p roced u res fo r solving them by use of e le ctro n ic
data p ro ce s s in g equipment. D evelops a com p lete d escrip tion of a ll specification s needed to enable
p ro g ra m ers to p rep a re required digital com puter p rog ra m s. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g;
A nalyzes su b ject-m a tter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and c r ite r ia required
to achieve sa tisfa ctory resu lts; s p ecifies number and types of r e c o rd s , file s , and docum ents to
be used; outlines actions to be p erform ed by p ersonnel and com puters in sufficient detail fo r
presentation to m anagem ent and fo r program ing (typ ically this involves preparation of w ork and
data flow ch arts); coordin ates the developm ent of test p rob lem s and participates in tria l runs of
new and rev ised sy stem s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m o re effe ctive o ve ra ll
operation s. (NOTE; W ork ers p erform in g both system s analysis and p rogram ing should be c l a s
sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
D oes not include em p loyees p rim a rily resp on sib le fo r the management o r supervision of
other ele ctron ic data p ro ce s s in g (EDP) em p loyees, or system s analysts p rim a rily con cern ed with
scien tific or engineering p rob lem s.
F o r wage study p u rp oses,
maintaining accounts receiv a ble in a retail establishm ent, o r maintaining inventory accounts
in a m anufacturing or. w holesale establishm ent.) C onfers with p erson s con cerned to determ ine
the data p ro ce s s in g p rob lem s and advises su b ject-m atter p ersonnel on the im plications of the
data p ro ce ssin g system s to be applied.
system s analysts are cla ss ifie d as fo llo w s:
C lass A . W orks independently o r under only gen eral d irection on com p lex p roblem s
involving all phases of system s analysis. P rob lem s are com p lex because of d iverse sou rces
of input data and m u ltip le-u se requirem ents of output data. (F or exam ple, develops an inte
grated production scheduling, inventory con trol, cost analysis, and sales analysis re c o rd in
which every item o f each type is autom atically p ro ce s s e d through the full system of re co rd s
and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the com puter.) C onfers with p erson s co n
cerned to determ ine the data p roces s in g p rob lem s and advises su b ject-m atter p ersonnel on
the im plication s of new o r rev ised system s of data p roces s in g operations. Makes r e c o m
m endations, if needed, fo r approval of m a jor system s installations o r changes and fo r
obtaining equipment.
May provide functional d irection to low er level system s analysts who are assigned to
a ssist.
C lass B . W orks independently or under only gen eral d irection on p rob lem s that are
rela tively uncom plicated to analyze, plan, p rog ra m , and operate. P ro b le m s are of lim ited
com plexity because sou rces of input data are hom ogeneous and the output data are clo s e ly
related. (F or exam ple, develops system s fo r maintaining d ep ositor accounts in a bank,
C lass A . Plans the graphic presentation of com p lex item s having distinctive design
features that d iffer significantly fro m established drafting p reced en ts. W orks in clo s e sup
p ort with the design orig in ator, and m ay recom m end m in or design changes. Analyzes the
effect of each change on the details of fo rm , function, and positional relationships of co m
ponents and parts. W orks with a m inimum of su p ervisory a ssista n ce. C om pleted w ork is
review ed by design origin ator fo r con sisten cy with p rio r engineering determ inations. May
either p rep a re draw ings, or d irect their p reparation by low er level draftsm en.
C lass B . P e rfo r m s nonroutine and com p lex drafting assignm ents that require the appli
cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regu la rly used. Duties typ ica lly in
volv e such w ork as; P re p a re s working drawings of subassem blies with irre g u la r shapes,
m ultiple functions, and p r e c is e p ositional relationships between com ponents; p rep a res a rch i
tectural drawings fo r con struction of a building including detail drawings o f foundations, wall
section s, flo o r plans, and roof. U ses accepted form ulas and manuals in making n e ce ssa ry
com putations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load ca p a cities, strengths,
s tr e s s e s , etc.
R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice fro m su p ervisor.
C om pleted w ork is ch ecked fo r technical adequacy.
C lass C . P re p a re s detail drawings of single units or parts fo r engineering, con struction,
m anufacturing, or rep a ir p u rp oses. Types of drawings p rep a red include iso m e tric p rojection s
(depicting three dim insions in accu rate scale) and section al view s to cla rify positioning of
com ponents and con vey needed inform ation. C onsolidates details fro m a number of sou rces
and adjusts or transposes sca le as required. Suggested m ethods of approach, applicable
p reced en ts, and advice on sou rce m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions
are le ss com plete when assignm ents recu r. W ork m ay be spot-ch eck ed during p ro g re ss .
DRAFTSM AN -TRACER
C opies plans and drawings p repared by others by placing tracing cloth o r paper over
drawings and tracing with pen o r p encil. (Does not include tracing lim ited to plans p rim a rily
con sisting of straight lines and a large sca le not requiring clo s e d elin eation.)
and/ or
P re p a re s sim ple o r repetitive drawings of e a sily visu a lized item s. W ork is clo s e ly supervised
during p ro g re ss .
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (R egistered)
A re g iste re d nurse who gives nursing s e rv ice under general m ed ical d irection to ill or
injured em ployees o r other p erson s who b e co m e ill or suffer an accident on the p re m ise s of a
fa cto ry o r other establishm ent. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing; Giving firs t aid
to the ill o r injured; attending to subsequent dressin g of em p loy ees' in ju ries; keeping re co rd s
o f patients treated; preparing accident rep orts fo r com pensation o r other p u rp oses; assisting in
physical exam inations and health evaluations of applicants and em p loyees; and planning and c a r r y
ing out p rog ra m s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environm ent,
or other activities affecting the health, w elfa re, and safety of all personnel.
M A IN T E N A N C E A N D P O W E R P L A N T
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued
P e rfo r m s the carpentry duties n e c e ss a r y to con struct and m aintain in good repair building
w oodw ork and equipment such as bins, cr ib s , cou nters, bench es, p artitions, d o o rs , flo o r s , sta irs,
casin gs, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning
and laying out of w ork from blueprints, drawings, m od els, or v erba l instructions using a variety
of ca rp e n te r's handtools, portable pow er to o ls , and standard m easuring instrum ents; making
standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions of w ork; and selecting m aterials n ecessa ry
fo r the w ork. In general, the w ork of the m aintenance carpenter req u ires rounded training and
exp erien ce usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship o r equivalent training and experien ce.
14
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (Maintenance)— Continued
P e rfo r m s a va riety of e le ctrica l trade functions such as the installation, m aintenance,
or rep a ir of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of e le ctric energy in an
establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow in g: Installing or rep airing any of a variety of
e le c tr ic a l equipment such as g en era tors, tra n s fo rm e r s, sw itchboards, co n tr o lle rs , circu it b rea k
e r s , m o to r s, heating units, conduit system s, or other tra n sm ission equipment; working fro m
blueprints, draw ings, layouts, or other s p ecifica tion s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the
e le ctrica l system or equipment; w orking standard com putations relating to load requirem ents of
w iring or e le ctrica l equipment; and using a va riety of e le ctricia n 's handtools and m easuring and
testing instrum ents. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance e le ctricia n req u ires rounded tra in
ing and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and
exp erien ce.
the various a ssem blies in the veh icle and making n ece ssa ry adjustments; and alining w heels,
adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive
m echanic requires rounded training and experien ce usually acquired through a form al appren
ticesh ip or equivalent training and exp erien ce.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and m ay a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and
equipment (m echanical or electrica l) to supply the establishm ent in which em ployed with pow er,
heat, refrig era tion , or a ir-con d ition in g. W ork involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air co m p r e s s o r s , g en era tors, m o to r s, turbines, ventilating and r e fr ig
erating equipment, steam b o ile r s and b o ile r -fe d w ater pum ps; making equipment re p a irs; and
keeping a re c o rd of op eration of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consum ption. May also su
p erv is e these operation s. Head or ch ief engineers in establishm ents em ploying m ore than one
engineer are excluded.
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
F ire s stationary b o ile rs to furnish the establishm ent in which em ployed with heat, pow er,
or steam . Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stok er, or gas or oil burner;
and checks water and safety va lves. May clean, o il, or a ssist in repairing b o ile r ro o m equipment.
H ELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
A ss ists one or m ore w ork ers in the skilled maintenance tra d e s, by p erform in g s p e c ific
or general duties of le s s e r skill, such as keeping a w orker supplied with m aterials and to o ls;
cleaning .working a rea , m achine, and equipment; a ssisting journeym an by holding m aterials or
to o ls ; and p erform in g other unskilled tasks as d irecte d by journeym an. The kind of w ork the
helper is perm itted to p erform va ries from trade to trade: In som e trades the helper is co n
fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working a rea s; and in
others he is perm itted to p e rfo rm s p ecia lized m achine op eration s, or parts of a trade that are
also p erform ed by w ork ers on a fu ll-tim e b a sis.
M ACHINE-TOOL OPE R ATO R, TOOLROOM
S pecializes in the op eration of one or m ore types of m achine to o ls , such as jig b o r e r s ,
cylin d rica l or su rfa ce g rin d ers, engine lath es, or m illing m achines, in the con struction of
m achine-shop to o ls , gages, jig s , fixtu res, or d ies. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: P lan
ning and p erform in g difficult m achining operation s; p ro ce s s in g item s requiring com plicated setups
or a high d egree of a ccu ra cy ; using a va riety of p re cis io n m easuring instrum ents; selecting fe e d s,
speed s, toolin g, and operation sequence; and making n e ce ss a ry adjustments during op eration to
achieve requisite tolera n ces or dim ensions. May be required to re cogn ize when tools need d r e s s
ing, to d ress to o ls , and to select p rop er coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . F o r c r o s s
industry wage study p u rp oses, m ach in e-tool op era tors, to o lro o m , in tool and die jobbing shops
are excluded from this cla ssifica tion .
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
P rod u ces replacem ent parts and new parts in making rep a irs of m etal parts of m echan
ica l equipment operated in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Interpreting
w ritten instructions and sp ecification s; planning and laying out of w ork; using a va riety of m a
ch in ist's handtools and p re cis io n m easuring instrum ents; setting up and operating standard machine
tools; shaping of m etal parts to close tolera n ces; making standard shop computations relating to
dim ensions of w ork, toolin g, fe e d s, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working p rop erties
of the com m on m etals; selectin g standard m a teria ls, p a rts, and equipment required fo r his w ork;
and fitting and assem bling parts into m echanical equipment. In general, the m ach in ist's work
norm ally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop p ra ctice usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce.
MECHANIC,
AUTOMOTIVE (Maintenance)
R epairs autom obiles, buses, m otortru ck s, and tra cto rs of an establishm ent. Work in
volves m ost of the follow in g: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose sou rce of trouble;
d isassem bling equipment and p erform in g rep a irs that involve the use of such handtools as
w ren ch es, gages, d rills , or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing
broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; rea ssem b lin g and installing
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
R epairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent. Work involves m ost
of the follow ing: Examining m achines and m echanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
dism antling or partly dism antling m achines and perform ing rep a irs that m ainly involve the use
of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with item s obtained
fro m stock; ord erin g the production of a replacem ent part by a machine shop or sending of the
m achine to a m achine shop fo r m ajor re p a irs; preparing written specifications fo r m ajor repairs
or fo r the production of parts o rd ered fro m m achine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making
all n e ce ss a ry adjustments fo r operation. In general, the work of a maintenance m echanic r e
quires rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or
equivalent training and exp erien ce. Excluded fro m this cla ssifica tion are w orkers whose prim ary
duties involve setting up or adjusting m achines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new m achines or heavy equipment, and dism antles and installs machines or
heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. W ork involves m ost of the f o l
low ing: Planning and laying out of the w ork; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using
a va riety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to stre ss e s,
strength of m ateria ls, and cen ters of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting stand
ard to o ls , equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good ord er power
tra n sm ission equipment such as drives and speed red u cers. In general, the m illw right's work
norm ally requires a rounded training and exp erien ce in the trade acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and exp erien ce.
OILER
L u b rica tes, with oil or g rea se, the m oving parts
equipment of an establishm ent.
or wearing surfaces
of m echanical
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and re d e co ra te s w a lls, w oodw ork, and, fixtures of an establishm ent. W ork in
volves the follow in g: Knowledge of surface pecu lia rities and types of paint required fo r different
applications; preparing surface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or fille r
in nail holes and in te rstice s; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix c o lo r s , o ils,
white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain prop er co lo r or con sistency. In gen eral, the
w ork of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experien ce.
P IP E F IT T E R , MAINTENANCE
Installs or rep a irs w ater, steam , gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an
establishm ent. Work involves m ost of the follow ing: Laying out of work and m easuring to lo
cate position of pipe from drawings or other w ritten sp ecification s; cutting various sizes of pipe
to co r re ct lengths with ch isel and ham m er or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting m achine; thread
ing pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or p ow er-d riv en m achines; assem bling
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating
to p re s su re s, flow , and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determ ine whether
finished pipes m eet sp ecification s. In general, the w ork of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent
training and exp erien ce. W orkers p rim a rily engaged in installing and repairing building sanita
tion or heating system s are excluded.
PLUM BER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good ord er. W ork involves: Knowledge
of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or r e
pairing pipes and fixtu res; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b e r's snake. In
gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance plum ber requires rounded training and experien ce usually
acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experien ce.
S H EE T-M E TAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
F a b rica te s, in stalls, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fix
tures (such as m achine guards, grease pans, shelves, lo ck e rs , tanks, ven tilators, chutes, ducts,
m etal roofing) of an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the follow ing: Planning and laying
out all types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m od els, or other specifications;
setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working m achines; using a variety of
15
S H EE T-M E TAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE----Continued
TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued
handtools in cutting, bending, form in g, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheetm etal a rticles as required. In gen eral, the w ork of the maintenance sheet-m etal w orker requires
rounded training and exp erien ce usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent
training and exp erien ce.
using a variety of tool and die m ak e r's handtools and p re cisio n m easuring instrum ents; under
standing of the working p roperties of com m on m etals and alloy s; setting up and operating of
m achine tools and related equipment; making n ece ssa ry shop computations relating to dimensions
of w ork, speeds, feed s, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of m etal parts during fabrication
as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close toleran ces;
fitting and assem bling of parts to p re scrib e d toleran ces and allow ances; and selecting appropriate
m ateria ls, to o ls , and p ro ce s s e s . In gen eral, the tool and die m ak er's work requires a rounded
training in m achine-shop and to o lro o m p ra ctice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experien ce.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die m aker; jig m aker; tool m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker)
Constructs and rep a irs m achine-shop to o ls , gages, jig s , fixtures or dies fo r forg in gs,
punching, and other m eta l-form in g w ork. Work involves m ost of the follow in g: Planning and
laying out of w ork from m od els, blueprints, drawings, or other ora l and written specification s;
F o r cr o ss -in d u stry wage study p urposes, tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded fro m this cla ssification .
C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T
GUARD AND WATCHMAN
Guard. P e r fo r m s routine p o lice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining
o rd e r, using arm s or fo r c e where n ecessa ry . Includes gatem en who are stationed at gate
and check on identity of em ployees and other p ersons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of p rem ises p eriod ica lly in protecting p roperty against fir e ,
theft, and illeg a l entry.
JANITOR, POR TE R, OR CLEANER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P rep a res m erchandise fo r shipment, or re ce iv e s and is resp onsible for incom ing ship
ments of m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping w ork in v olv es: A knowledge of shipping
p ro ce d u re s, p ra ctice s, rou tes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c
ords of the goods shipped, making up b ills of lading, posting weight and shipping ch arges, and
keeping a file of shipping r e c o rd s . May d irect or a ssist in preparing the m erchandise for ship
ment. R eceiving w ork in v olv es: V erifying or directing others in verifying the co rre ctn e ss of
shipments against bills of lading, in v oices, or other re c o rd s; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to p rop er departments; and maintaining n e c e s
sary re co rd s and file s.
(Sweeper; charwoman; jan itress)
F o r wage study p u rp oses, w orkers are cla ss ifie d as follow s:
Cleans and keeps in an o rd erly condition fa ctory working areas and w a sh room s, or
p rem ises of an o ffic e , apartment house, or com m ercia l or other establishm ent. Duties involve
a com bination of the follow in g: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing flo o r s ; rem oving
ch ips, trash, and other refu se; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing m etal fixtures
or trim m ings; providing supplies and m inor maintenance s e rv ice s ; and cleaning la va tories, show
e r s , and restroom s. W orkers who s p ecialize in window washing are excluded.
LABORER, M ATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock h elper; w a re
houseman or warehouse helper)
A w orker em ployed in a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, sto re , or other establishm ent
whose duties involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various m aterials and
m erchandise on or from freight ca rs , trucks, or other transporting d ev ice s; unpacking, shelving,
or placing m aterials or m erchandise in p roper storage location; and transporting m aterials or
m erchandise by handtruck, ca r, or w heelbarrow . Longshorem en, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
ORDER FILLER
(Order p icker; stock sele c to r ; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or tran sfer ord ers for finished goods fro m stored m erchandise in a c c o r d
ance with specification s on sales s lip s, cu stom ers' o rd e rs , or other instructions. May, inaddition
to filling ord ers and indicating item s filled or om itted, keep re co rd s of outgoing o rd e rs , req u i
sition additional stock or report short supplies to su p ervisor, and p erform other related duties.
R eceiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m ateria ls, m erchandise,
equipment, or m en between various types of establishm ents such as: Manufacturing plants, freight
depots, w areh ouses, w holesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishm ents and
c u sto m e rs' houses or places of busin ess. May also load or unload truck with or without h elpers,
make m inor m echanical re p a irs, and keep truck in good working ord er. D riv e r-s a le s m e n and
o v e r -th e -ro a d d rivers are excluded.
F o r wage study p u rp oses, tru ck d rivers are cla ss ifie d by size and type of equipment,
as fo llo w s: (T r a c to r -tr a ile r should be rated on the basis of tra ile r capacity.)
T ru ckd river (com bination of s iz e s listed separately)
T ru ck d river, light (under l V z tons)
T ru ck d river, medium (IV 2 to and including 4 tons)
T ru ck d river, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type)
T ru ck d river, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type)
TRUCKER, POWER
PACKER, SHIPPING
P rep ares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con
tain ers, the s p ecific operations p erform ed being dependent upon the type, siz e , and number of
units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of item s in shipping containers and m ay involve one or m ore of the follow ing: Knowl
edge of various item s of stock in ord er to v erify content; selection of appropriate type and size
of container; inserting enclosures in container; using e x c e lsio r or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying
data on container. P ackers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
Operates a manually con trolled gasolin e- or e le ctric-p o w e r e d truck or tra ctor to
transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, or other
establishm ent.
F o r wage study p u rp oses, w orkers a te cla ss ifie d by type of truck, as follow s:
T ru ck er, power (forklift)
T ru ck e r, power (other than forklift)
A v a i l a b le O n R e q u e s t ----T h e fo llo w in g a r e a s a r e s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m in is t e r in g the S e r v ic e C o n tr a c t A c t o f 1965.
a v a ila b le at no c o s t w h ile s u p p lie s la s t f r o m any o f the BLiS r e g io n a l o f f i c e s show n on the in s id e fr o n t c o v e r .
A b ile n e , T e x .
A la s k a
A lb a n y , G a.
A le x a n d r ia , L a .
A lp e n a , S ta n d ish , and T a w a s C it y , M ic h .
A m a r illo , T ex .
A n n A r b o r , M ich .
A s h e v ille , N .C .
A t la n t ic C it y , N .J .
A u g u s ta , G a .—S .C .
A u s t in , T e x .
B a k e r s f ie ld , C a lif.
B a to n R o u g e , L a .
B illin g s , M on t.
B ilo x i , G u lfp o r t, and P a s c a g o u la , M is s .
B r id g e p o r t , N o r w a lk , and S t a m fo r d , C on n.
C h a r le s t o n , S .C .
C h e y e n n e , W y o.
C l a r k s v ille , T e n n ., and H o p k in s v ille , K y.
C o lo r a d o S p r in g s , C o lo .
C o lu m b ia , S .C .
C o lu m b u s , G a.—A la .
C r a n e , Ind.
D e c a t u r , 111.
D oth a n , A la .
D uluth— u p e r io r , M in n .— is .
S
W
D u r h a m , N .C .
E l P a so, Tex.
E ugene, O reg.
F a r g o — o o r h e a d , N. D ak.—M in n.
M
F a y e t t e v ille , N .C .
F it c h b u r g —L e o m i n s t e r , M a s s .
F o r t S m ith , A r k .—O k la .
F r e d e r i c k — a g e r s to w n , M d .- P a . - W . V a.
H
G r e a t F a l l s , M on t.
G r e e n s b o r c r -W in s to n S a le m — igh P o in t , N .C .
H
H a r r is b u r g , P a .
H a r t fo r d , C on n .
H u n ts v ille , A la .
C o p ie s o f p u b lic r e le a s e s
K n o x v ille , T e n n .
L ared o, T ex.
L a s V e g a s , N ev.
L e x in g to n , K y.
L o w e r E a s t e r n S h o r e , M d .-V a .
L y n c h b u r g , V a.
M a c o n , G a.
M a d is o n , W is .
M a r q u e tte , E s c a n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r ie , M ich
M e r id ia n , M is s .
M id d le s e x , M o n m o u th , O c e a n and S o m e r s e t
C o s ., N .J .
M o b ile , A la ., and P e n s a c o la , F la .
M o n t g o m e r y , A la .
N a s h v ille , T en n .
N ew L on d on — r o t o r r -N o r w ic h , C onn.
G
N o r t h e a s t e r n M a in e
O g d en , Utah
O r la n d o , F la .
O x n a r d — e n tu ra , C a lif.
V
P a n a m a C it y , F la .
P in e B lu ff, A r k .
P o r t s m o u t h , N .H .—M a in e—M a s s .
P u e b lo , C o lo .
R e n o , N ev.
S a c r a m e n t o , C a lif.
S a lin a , K a n s.
S a lin a s—M o n t e r e y , C a lif.
Santa B a r b a r a , C a lif.
S h r e v e p o r t , L a.
S p r in g fie ld — h ic o p e e — o ly o k e , M a s s .—C onn.
C
H
S to ck to n , C a lif.
T a c o m a , W ash .
T o p e k a , K a n s.
T u c s o n , A r iz .
V a ld o s t a , G a.
V a lle jo — a p a , C a lif.
N
W ic h it a F a lls , T e x .
W ilm in g to n , D e l.—N .J .—M d.
T h e e le v e n th ann ual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d it o r s , c h ie f a c c o u n t a n t s , a t t o r n e y s , jo b a n a ly s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l,
b u y e r s , c h e m i s t s , e n g in e e r s , e n g in e e r in g t e c h n ic ia n s , d r a ft s m e n , and c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s .
O r d e r a s B L S B u lle tin 1693, N a tion a l
S u rv e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m in is t r a t iv e , T e c h n ic a l, and C l e r i c a l P a y , Jun e 1 9 7 0 , $ 1 .0 0 a c o p y , f r o m th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts ,
U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n , D .C ., 2 0 4 0 2 , o r any o f it s r e g io n a l s a le s o f f i c e s .
☆ u.s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:
1971
432^69 / 46
a re
A r e a W a g e S u rv e y s
A l i s t o f th e l a t e s t a v a i l a b l e b u l l e t i n s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y o f a r e a w a g e s t u d i e s i n c l u d i n g m o r e l i m i t e d s t u d i e s c o n d u c t e d at the
r e q u e s t o f t h e W a g e a n d H o u r D i v i s i o n o f th e D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r i s a v a i l a b l e o n r e q u e s t . B u l l e t i n s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m the S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f
D o c u m e n t s , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r f r o m a n y o f the B L S r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s s h o w n o n th e i n s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .
Area
B ulletin n u m b er
and p r i c e
A k r o n , O h i o , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________________
1660-8 8,
A l b a n y—S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , M a r . 1971 1_________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 4 ,
A l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . , M a r . 197 1_________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 8 ,
A l l e n t o w r r - B e t h l e h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N . J . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1
— 1660-83,
A t l a n t a , G a . , M a y 19 70 1____________________________________
1 6 60-7 6,
B a l t i m o r e , M d . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 1 8,
B e a u m o n t —P o r t A r t h u r —O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _ _ ----- 1 6 6 0 - 8 4 ,
B i n g h a m t o n , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________
16 85-6 ,
B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 --------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 - 5 7 ,
B o i s e C i t y , I d a h o , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________
1 6 85-2 1,
B o s t o n , M a s s . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1 ________________________________
1 6 8 5 - 1 1,
B u f f a l o , N . Y . , O c t . 1970 1 __________________________________
1685-4 3,
B u r l i n g t o n , V t . , M a r . 197 1 1 _______________________________
1 6 85-5 9,
C a n t o n , O h i o , M a y 1 9 70 1___________________________________
1 6 60-8 1,
C h a r l e s t o n , W . V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 1 ____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 7 ,
C h a r l o t t e , N . C . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ...................... ...................... .............. 1 6 8 5 - 4 8 ,
C h a t t a n o o g a , T e n n . - G a . , S e p t . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 1 0 ,
C h i c a g o , 111., J u n e 1 9 7 0 _____________________________________
1 6 60-9 0,
C i n c i n n a t i , Ohicr— y . —I n d . , F e b . 197 1 1 --------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 5 3 ,
K
C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , S e p t . 19 70 1 ---------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 8 ,
C o l u m b u s , O h i o , O c t . 19 70 1------------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 3 3 ,
D a l l a s , T e x . , O c t . 1 9 7 0 1 ___________________________________
1 6 85-2 2,
D a v e n p o r t —R o c k I s l a n d —M o l i n e , I o w a —111.,
F e b . 1 9 7 1 __________________________________________ ___________
1685-5 1,
1 6 85-4 5,
D a y t o n , O h i o , D e c . 1970 1___________________________________
D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1 9 7 0 ___________________________________
1685-4 1,
D e s M o i n e s , I o w a , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 -------------------------------------- -—
1 6 60-7 3,
D e t r o i t , M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 __________________________________
1 6 60-5 8,
F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O c t . 1 9 70 1 --------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 5 ,
G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1---------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 4 ,
G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1 9 7 0 ________________________________
1 6 60-7 9,
H o u s t o n , T e x . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 ------------------------------------------------------ 1 6 6 0 - 6 7 ,
I n d i a n a p o l i s , I n d . , O c t . 19 70 1______________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 1 ,
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n . 197 1 1 ________________ _____________ —
1685-3 9,
J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1970 1 ------------------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 3 7 ,
K a n s a s C i t y , M o . - K a n s . , S e p t . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 1 6 ,
L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N . H . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1-----------1 6 60-8 2,
L i t t l e R o c k —N o r t h L i t t l e R o c k , A r k . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1-------- 1 6 8 5 - 1 ,
L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m —S a n t a A n a G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 ________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 6 4 ,
L o u i s v i l l e , K y . —I n d . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _______________ ____________
1 6 85-2 7,
L u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 1 9 7 1 ___________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 6 0 ,
M a n c h e s t e r , N . H . , J u l y 1 9 70 1 _____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 ,
M e m p h i s , T e n n . - A r k . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 0 ,
M i a m i , F l a . , N o v . 19 70 1 ___________________________________
1685-2 9,
M i d l a n d a n d O d e s s a , T e x . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ____________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 0 ,
M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 _------------------------------------------ 1660-7 4,
M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M i n n . , J a n . 197 1_________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 4 ,
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
60 c e n t s
45 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
40 cen ts
50 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
40 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
40 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
45 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wa g e provisions are also presented.
45
30
30
35
30
40
30
50
40
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
A rea
M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , J u n e 1 9 70 1_____
N e w a r k an d J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ________________
N e w H a v e n , C o n n . , J a n . 197 1_______________________________
N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , J a n . 1971 1_____________________________
N e w Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1_______________________________
N o r f o l k — o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —
P
H a m p t o n , V a . , J a n . 1971 1 ________________________________
O k l a h o m a C i t y , O k l a . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ___________________________
O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , S e p t . 1 9 70 1 _________________________
P a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , J u n e 1970 1___________
P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N . J . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _________________________
P h o e n i x , A r i z . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 * ________________________________
P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n . 1971 1 ________________________________
P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ________________________________
P o r t l a n d , O r e g . - W a s h . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1_______________________
P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t ^ W a r w i c k , R . I.—M a s s . ,
M a y 1 9 7 0 _______________________________________________________
R a l e i g h , N . C . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1__________________________________
R i c h m o n d , V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1________________________________
R o c h e s t e r , N .Y . ( o f fic e o c cu p a tio n s o n l y ) ,
A u g . 1 9 7 0 _______________________________________________________
R o c k f o r d , 111., M a y 1 9 7 0 1 __________________________________
St. L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1 9 7 0 _____________________________
S a l t L a k e C i t y , U t a h , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1 __________________________
S a n A n t o n i o , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _______________________________
S a n B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d ^ - O n t a r i o , C a l i f . ,
D e c . 19 70 1_____________________________________________________
S a n D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 _______________________________
S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d , C a l i f . , O c t . 1 9 7 0 ----------------------O
S a n J o s e , C a l i f . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 --------------------------------------------------S a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1__________________________________
S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1-----------------------------------------------------S e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , J a n . 197 1 1---------------------------------S i o u x F a l l s , S. D a k . , D e c . 1 9 70 1__________________________
S o u t h B e n d , I n d ., M a r . 1 9 7 1 _________________________________
S p o k a n e , W a s h . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1 -----------------------------------------------S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 __________________________________
T a m p a —St. P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 --------------------------T o l e d o , O h i o —M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 ....................................................
T r e n t o n , N . J . , S e p t . 1 9 70 1 _________________________________
U t i c a —R o m e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________
W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . - M d . - V a . , A p r . 197 1---------------------------W a t e r b u r y , C o n n . , M a r . 1 9 7 1 ______________________________
W a t e r l o o , I o w a , N o v . 1 9 70 1________________________________
W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1 _________ ._______________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________
Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1 9 7 1 _________________________________________
Y o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n , O h i o , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ____________________
B ulletin n u m b er
and p r i c e
1660-8 5,
1685-4 7,
1685-3 5,
1 6 85-3 6,
1660-8 9,
35
40
30
40
75
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
1685-4 6,
1 6 85-5 ,
1 6 8 5 - 14,
1660-8 7,
1 6 85-3 4,
1660-7 0,
1 6 85-4 9,
1 6 8 5 - 19,
1660-7 7,
35
30
35
45
50
35
50
30
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
40 c e n t s
1660-7 2,
1 6 8 5 - 12,
1660-65,
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
40c e n t s
16 85-7,
1 6 60-7 5,
1 6 60-6 6,
1685-2 6,
1660-71,
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
40 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
1685-4 2,
1685-2 0,
1 6 85-2 3,
1 6 8 5 - 13,
16 60-8 0,
16 85-3,
1 6 85-5 2,
1 6 85-3 8,
1 6 85-6 1,
1660-8 6,
16 85-8,
1 6 8 5 - 17,
1660-5 6,
1 6 8 5 - 15,
16 85-9,
1685-5 6,
1 6 85-5 5,
1685- 32,
1660-69,
1660-78,
1 6 85-5 0,
1685-2 4,
40c e n t s
30 c e n t s
40c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
40cen ts
30 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
W ASHING TO N, D.C.
20212
O F F IC IA L BUSINESS
P E N A LTY FOR P R IV A TE USE, $300
POSTAGE A ND FEES PAID
U.S. D EP A R T M E N T OF LABOR
FIRST CLASS M A IL
I
