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'AREA WAGE SURVEY
H u n ts v ille , A lab am a, M e tro p o lita n A re a ,
February 1974
Bulletin 1795-13




Dayton & Montgomery Co.
Public Library
J U N 2 11974
DOCUMENT co llec tio n

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
_
Bureau of Labor Statistics




ANNOUNCEM ENT
Beginning with the 1795 series, Area Wage Surveys will be
issued as bulletins (for sale) only every third year. These bulletins
will contain information on establishment practices and supplementary
benefits as well as earnings. In the interim years, supplements
containing data on earnings only will be issued free. Supplements can
be obtained from BLS Regional Offices listed on the back cover of
this publication.

Preface
This bulletin provides results of a February 1974 survey of occupational earnings
and supplementary wage benefits in the Huntsville, Alabama, Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area (Limestone and Madison Counties). The survey was made as part of the Bureau of
Labor Statistics' annual area wage survey program. The program is designed to yield data
for individual metropolitan areas, as well as national and regional estimates for all Standard
Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States, excluding Alaska and Hawaii.
A major consideration in the area wage survey program is the need to describe the
level and m o v e m e n t of w a g e s in a v a r i e t y of l a b o r m a r k e t s , through th e a n a ly s i s of (1) the
level and distribution of wages by occupation, and (2) the movement of wages by occupational
category and skill level. The program develops information that may be used for many
purposes, including wage and salary administration, collective bargaining, and assistance in
determining plant location. Survey results also are used by the U.S. Department of Labor
to make wage determinations under the Service Contract Act of 1965.
Currently, 94 areas are included in the program. (See list of areas on inside back
cover.) In each area, occupational earnings data are collected annually. Information on
establishment practices and supplementary wage benefits, collected every second year in the
past, is now obtained every third year. Results of the next two annual surveys, providing
earnings data only, will be issued as free supplements to this bulletin. The supplements
may be obtained from the Bureau's regional offices.
(See back cover for addresses.)
Each year after all individual area wage surveys have been completed, two summary
bulletins are issued. The first brings together data for each metropolitan area surveyed.
The second summary bulletin presents national and regional estimates, projected from
individual metropolitan area data.
The Huntsville survey was conducted by the Bureau's regional office in Atlanta, Ga.,
under the general direction of Donald M. Cruse, Associate Assistant Regional Director for
Operations. The survey could not have been accomplished without the cooperation of the
many firms whose wage and salary data provided the basis for the statistical information in
this bulletin. The Bureau wishes to express sincere appreciation for the cooperation received.

Note:
Current reports on occupational earnings and supplementary wage provisions in
the Huntsville area are also available for the laundry and dry cleaning occupations and
metalworking industries.

AREA WAGE SURVEY

B ulletin 1795-13
May 1974

U.S. D E PA R TM E N T OF LABOR, Peter J. Brennan, Secretary
B U R E A U OF L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S , Julius Shiskin, Commissioner

Huntsville, Alabam a, M etropolitan Area, February 1974
CO NTENTS
Page
2 Introduction

T ables:
A.

Earnings:
Weekly earnings of office workers
A - 1.
A- 2,
Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers
Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex
A - 3.
Hourly earnings of maintenance and powerplant workers
A -4.
Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers •
A -5 .
Average hourly earnings of maintenance, powerplant, custodial, and material movement workers, by sex
A -6.
Percents of increase in earnings for selected occupational groups for selected periods
A - 7.
Percents of increase in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts
A - 8.

B.

Estab l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s :
E sta b
Minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced typists and clerks
B - 1.
Late-shift pay provisions for manufacturing plant workers
B -2.
Scheduled weekly hours and days of first-shift workers
B -3.
Annual paid holidays
B -4.
B -4a. Identification of major paid holidays
Paid vacation provisions
B -5 .
Health, insurance, and pension plan provisions
B -6 .

3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
17

19 Appendix A.
22 Appendix B.

Scope and method of survey
Occupational descriptions




F o r sale b y th e S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g O f f ic e , W a s h in g to n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 , G P O B o o k s t o r e s , o r
B L S R e g io n a l O ff ic e s lis t e d o n b a c k c o v e r . P r ic e 6 5 c e n ts . M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le t o S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts .

1

Introduction
plant workers.
The first of these, table A -7 , measures changes in
average earnings of the four occupational groups over tim e.
Where
possible, data are presented for all industries and manufacturing.
Table A -8 presents another measure of wage movements. The percents
of change reported for the occupational groups are computed to eliminate
changes in average earnings caused by employment shifts among estab
lishments as well as turnover of establishments included in survey
samples. Where possible, data also are presented for nonmanufacturing.
Appendix A discusses more fully differences between these tables.

This area is 1 of 94 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's
Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and
related benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained
by personal visits of Bureau field economists to representative estab
lishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transpor
tation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail
trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry
groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the
construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than
a prescribed number of workers are omitted because of insufficient
employment in the occupations studied. Separate tabulations are provided
for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria.

B -series tables
The B -se r ie s tables present information on minimum entrance
salaries for office w orkers; late-shift pay provisions and practices for
plant workers in manufacturing; and data separately for plant and office
workers on scheduled weekly hours and days of first-shift workers; paid
holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans.

A -se r ie s tables
Tables A - l through A -6 provide estimates of straight-time
hourly or weekly earnings for workers in occupations common to a
variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupations
were selected from the following categories: (a) Office clerical, (b) pro
fessional and technical, (c) maintenance and powerplant, and (d) custodial
and material movement. In the 22 largest survey areas, tables A -l a
through A -6a provide similar data for establishments employing 500
workers or m ore.

Appendixes
This bulletin has two appendixes. Appendix A describes the
methods and concepts used in the area wage survey program and provides
information on the scope of the area survey. It also provides infor
mation on labor-management agreement coverage. Appendix B provides
job descriptions used by Bureau field economists to classify workers in
occupations for which straight-time earnings information is presented.

Following the occupational wage tables are two tables providing
indexes and percents of change in average earnings of office clerical
workers, industrial nurses, skilled maintenance workers, and unskilled




2

A. Earnings
Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Huntsville, A la., February 1974
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
Number
of

O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n

Average
weekly
hours1
(standard)

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w ee k ly ea rn in g s o f—

S

t

70
Mean A

Median *

Middle range*

t
75

*

t
80

85

i

90

S

t

95

100

no

120

»
130

t
140

t
150

160

$

1

%

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

and
u n d er

240
and

80

85

90

95

-

-

-

-

-

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

2 30

i

3

6

8

3

2

1

-

2

1

-

1

2

-

2

2

75

23

4

100 _ n o

240 o v e r

HEN
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A --------

33

$
$
$
$
40.0 154.00 136.50 126.00-175.00

1

CLERKS* ACCOUNTING*
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS,

CLASS A --------

30

40.0 118.50 117.50 115.50-119.50

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS,

CLASS B --------

10B

40.0 107.00 102.50 100.50-104.00

2

-

5

5

3

6

77

4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

2

2

-

_

-

181
48
133

40.0 159.50 155.00 131.00-186.00
40.0 161.50 143.00 128.00-197.50
40.0 158.50 157.00 132.00-182.00

-

-

-

1

-

1
1

1

-

6
1

18
1
17

13
4
9

13
4
9

_

10
2
8

1

5

5

16
6
10

6

1

26
8
18

7

1

14
3
11

16

-

19
8
11

4

1

4
1

8
4
4

SECRETARIES, CLASS 8 --------------

25

40.0 174.00 167.50 141.00-212.50

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

3

2

3

1

4

3

-

-

2

i

-

1

*4

SECRETARIES, CLASS C ------------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG

91
75

40.0 162.50 165.00 132.00-191.50
40.0 157.00 160.00 130.50-188.00

-

.

1
1

4
4

6
6

6
6

15
11

3
2

7
7

5

7
7

7

5

4

8
8

n

5

3

t
1

4

-

1
1

SECRETARIES, CLASS 0 ------------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG

50
37

40.0 137.50 137.50 118.50-155.50
40.0 144.00 143.50 132.50-159.50

-

-

13

“

*

*

i
i

5

5
3

8
6

7
7

7
7

3
3

5
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR --------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG

92
78

39.5 146.00 150.00 117.00-165.00
39.5 135.00 140.50 114.00-160.00

-

-

-

12
12

-

13
13

9
9

5

-

5

7
7

15
13

12
12

6
6

i
i

-

-

-

-

-

SMITCHBOARO OPERATOR -RECEPTI ON IS TS -

20

40.0 107.00 102.50

83 .5 0- 13 4. 50

-

1

6

2

-

1

i

2

-

5

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

*

TYPISTS, CLASS A --- ___________ _______
NUNnANUr AC 1U R 1No

71
28

40.0 122.00 109.00 99.50- 11 5. 00
39.5 119.50 112.00 108.00-134.00

.

-

1

1

7

10

20

15

-

-

3

3

1

.

.

_

10

-

_

.

_

i T rl oi o*

30

40.0

SECRETARIES --------- —
MA NUFACTURING --NO NM ANUFACTURING ----- --------------

*

i

l

a

d

A ll w o r k e r s

S ee

fo o tn o te s

w ere

at $ 2 4 0

to

96.00

94.50

85.00-104.00

-

-

~

_

8

$250.

at end o f ta b le s .




3

-

1

1

-

16

9

7

2

-

_
-

12

Table A -2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Huntsville, A la., February 1974
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)

Occupation and industry division

Number
of

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f --90

Median 2

Middle ranged

s

%

$

Average
weekly
hours1
(standard)

$

S

$

$

$

%

t

i

%

100

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

3

1

*

•

*

*

9

$

4*
O

O

1 0 2 .0 0 -1 1 9 .0 0

4

7

2 3 3.00

2 1 0 .0 0 -2 5 4 .0 0

-

-

1 8 6.00

1 7 6 .0 0 -2 0 5 .0 0

1 6 6.50

174.00

1 7 3.50

1 4 2 .0 0 -1 9 4 .5 0
1 6 2 .5 0 -1 9 6 .0 0

146.00

139.00

1 2 7 .5 0 -1 4 9 .5 0

35

1 8 6.50

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B ----------NO NMA NUF ACT URI NG ----------

AH

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

1 6 7 .0 0

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -----------

29

33

o

233.00

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A -----------

O

120

o
o

1 0 9.50

o
o
4
-

1 7 6.50

o
o

17 7.50

CO MPU TER PROGRAMMERS,
BUSINESS, CLASS A -----------

i

150

$
1 6 3 .0 0 -1 8 7 .5 0

1 1 0.00

*

140

$

20

*

130

*

COMPU TER OPERATORS, CLASS C -

i

120

$
25

t

t

110

MEN ANO WOMEN COMBINED
COMPU TER OPERATORS, CLASS A -

S

*

100

and
under

-

-

4

13

13

14

18

13

15

8

6

6

2

10

4

5

3

4

i

1

-

-

-

-

-

3
3

8
8

2

i
i

-

“

-

“

“

2

*

-

1

4

3

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

3

2

4

3

6

4

8

2

2

“

2

-

4

-

1

4

6

2

-

-

5

2

*

_

-

3

8

4
4

9

7

2

"

_

2

*

*

2

2

'

S ee fo o tn o te s a t en d o f ta b le s .

Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex.
in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
Average

S ex,

o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)

Average

S ex,

o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)

Average

S ex,

o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n

Number
of
workers

$
40.0 113.00
o o
o
o o c

o o c
4- * s

SW ITCHBOARD OPERATOR -R EC EP TI ON IS TS 25

S ee fo o tn o te

at end




40.0 162.50

20

4

16

40.0 110.00

40.0 107.00

71
28

o f ta b le s .

$
96.00

39.5 146.00
39.5 135.00

40.0 174.00

91

39.5 117.00

92
78

159.50
161.50

$
40.0 137.50
40.0 144.00

32

107.00

40.0

OFFICE OC CU PA TI ON S WOMEN— CO NTINUED

37

118.50
120.00

o
4*

181
48

o o

108

-t-t

30
25

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WO ME N— CONTINUED

Weekly
earnings1
(standard)

30

OF F I C E OC CU PA TI ON S - WOMEN

Weekly
hours *
standard)

40.0 122.00
39.5 119.50

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OC CU PA TI ON S - MEN
COMP UT ER OPERATORS, CLASS C ---------------CO MPUTER PROGRAMMERS,
235.50
186.50
48
33

40.0 167.00
40.0 174.00

28

40.0 146.50

1

Table A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance and powerplant workers in Huntsville, A la., February 1974
N u m b e r o f wc> rk e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f —

Hourly earnings^

Middle range 2

i
i " i
$
%
$
%
%
$
*
4.10 4.20 4. 30 4.40 4.50 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.20 5.40

o

M edian2

O
O

Mean 2

,

U nder
*

4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.20 5.40 o v e r

t
*

„

o

O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n

S
s
t
s
*
t
t
*
t
$
t
2.90 3.00 3. 10 3.20 3. 30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80

O
'

Number
of
workers

and

a nd

2.90 u n d e r
o
o

3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3. 40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90

MEN AND WO ME N CO MBINED
CARPENTERS. MAINTENANCE ---

26

$
5.34

$
4.59

$
$
4.51- 6.74

ELECTRICIANS. MAINTENANCE —
m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------

92
62

5.35
4.95

5.32
5.31

4.60- 6.44
4.56- 5.37

1

4

.

*

-

*

-

3
3

*

*

5
5

8

1

16
14

1

-

14
4

2
2

-

_
”

-

* u

28 **24
6
28

MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
IMAINTENANCE) --------------

32

4.16

4.44

3.98- 4.48

2

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

-

1

18

-

2

-

2

-

-

MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE ----MA NU FACTURING ------------

162
122

4.78
4.80

4.75
4.95

4.52- 5.35
4.51- 5.36

*

-

-

3
3

6
6

9
9

“

_
“

-

-

2
2

-

-

_

~

9
9

35
30

14
~

6
5

-

48
4R

10
10

74
69

4.86
4.83

4.85
4.85

4.80- 4.90
4.81- 4.89

-

.

.

.

3
3

3
3

-

_

-

1
I

-

_

1

_

1

1

47
47

TOOL AND DIE MAKERS
MA NU FA CT UR IN G —

*
**
***

W ork ers
W ork ers
W ork ers

w ere
w ere
w ere

S ee

fo o tn o te s

1

a t en d o f t a b le s .

d is t r ib u t e d
d is tr ib u te d
d is tr ib u te d




as
as
as

fo llo w s :
fo llo w s
fo llo w s

2 at $ 6 .4 0 to $ 6 .6 0 ; and 9 at $ 7 .6 0 to $ 7 .8 0 .
6 a t $ 6 . 4 0 t o $ 6 . 6 0 ; a n d 18 a t $ 7 t o $ 7 . 2 0 .
1 at $ 6 to $ 6 . 2 0 ; 4 at $ 6 .4 0 to $ 6 .6 0 ; and 5 at $ 6 . 6 0

5

to

$ 6 .8 0 .

“
6
6

1
1

-

***10
8

Table A -5. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
Hourly earnings3

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f ---S
s
%
t
$
$
t
*
$
t
t
*
*
*
$
t
S
%
t
(
$
%
*
1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2 .30 2.40 2.50 2. 60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3. 40 3. 60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00

O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n
workers

Mean *

Median^

Middle range *

an d
under

1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2 .40 2.50 2.60 2. 80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3. 60 3 . 80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.20

HEN AND WOMEN COMBIN ED
437
117

$
2.07
2.41

$

JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEA NERS ■
MAN UFA CTURING ---------------- —

2.00
2.34

$
$
1.77- 2.30
2.11- 2.40

LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDL ING ----MAN UFA CTURING -----------------NONMA NUF ACT URI NG --------------

111
82
29

2.67
2.63
2.79

2.49
2.48
2.69

2.32- 3.15
2.33- 3.15
2.28- 3.16

PACKERS, SHIPPING ----------------MANUFAC TUR ING ------------------

53
53

2.87
2.87

2.92
2.92

2.48- 3.28
2.48- 3.28

TRUCKDRIVERS
--------------------MAN UFA CTURING -----------------NO NMA NUF ACT URI NG --------------

104
50
54

2.99
2.78
3.19

2.95
2.60
3.17

2.58- 3.32
2.52- 2.82
3.10- 3.37

TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM (1-1/2 TO
ANO INCLUDING A TONS) -------NO NMA NUF ACT URI NG -------------TRUCKERS,

POWER

(FORKLIFT)

-------

MAN UFA CTU RIN G ------------------

S ee

fo o tn o te s

a t en d

49
26

3.24
3.26

3.08
3.31

3.34
3.35

3.21
3.09

2.59- 4.34
2.49- 4.34

51
5

58

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

35
10

38
14

3
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
2

-

-

-

-

*

“

“

54
6

16
4

61
52

8
6

6
3

4
1

17
6

2
*

2

-

-

-

7
7
-

.

15
6

9

12
10
2

9
9
-

7

-

20
18
2

2

7
3
4

7
1
6

18
18
“

-

1
1

9
9

2
2

2
2

6
6

6
6

6
6

6
6

4
4

9
9

-

4
4

3
3

-

17
11

6

25

-

17
17

-

*

*

*

6

7
1
6

3
3

-

5

15

1

6
_

_

-

2
2

1

1

o f ta b le s .




-

_

2.70- 3.39
2.95- 3.38

135
127

74

6

-

19

6

4

19

6

4

2
2

17

17

6

-

*

25

6
-

n

u

6

u

6

u

16

16

8

-

-

_

-

-

-

“

-

2

1

1

2
2
“

-

1
-

6
6

_

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

2

-

-

-

_

-

2

-

*

-

*

-

-

-

-

2
2

-

-

-

2

-

2

1

2
2

2
2

2

2
-

•

•

*

2

.

2
2

1
1

-

.

-

-

1

_

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

6

.

_

-

54
54

6

4
4




T a b le A -6 . A verag e hourly e arn in g s of m ain ten an ce , pow erplant,
cu sto d ial, and m aterial m ovem ent w o rkers, by sex.
in H u n tsv ille , A la ., Feb ru ary 19 7 4
S ex,

o c c u p a t io n ,

a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n

Number
of
workers

Average
(m ean 2 )
hourly
earnings3

S ex,

MAI NT FNANCE AND POWERPLANT
OC CU PA TI ON S - MEN— CONTINUED
CA RPENTERS, MAINTENANCE

o c c u p a t io n ,

c u s t o d ia l

Number
of
workers

Average
(m e a n * )
hourly
earnings3

a n d m a t e r i a l “ OVEMENT
U CCU PATICN S-M EN

354
115

2.12
2.42

MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------------------------------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------------------------------

5.34

JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS ------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------- -----------

82
29

2.63
2.79

---------- ---------------------------------------------

104

2.99

-----------------------------------------

26

3.24
3.26

TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) --------------------MA NU FACTURING -------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------

26

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

134
126

3.35
3.36

62
MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
(MAINTENANCE) ------------------------------------------------------

32

4.16
TRUCKDRIVERS
4.00

TOOL AND DIE MAKERS

----------------------------------------

76

69

TRUCKORIVERS, MEDIUM (1-1/2 TO

4.86
4.83

NONMANUF AC TU RI NG

S ee

fo o tn o te s

at end

o f ta b le s .

7




T a b le A -7 . P ercen ts of in crease in e a rn in g s for selected
o ccu p a tio n al groups in H u n tsv ille , A la .,
for selected periods
F e b r u a r y 1^ 72
to
F e b r u a r y 1973

In d u s tr y and o c c u p a t io n a l
grou p

A ll in d u s t r ie s :
O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ( m e n a n d w o m e n ) ______________________
I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ( m e n a n d w o m e n ) __________________
S k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s ( m e n ) _____________________
U n s k i l l e d p la n t w o r k e r s ( m e n ) _________________________

*

5 .5
*
8 .4
4 .3

D a ta d o n ot m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a .

8

F e b r u a r y 1973
to
F e b r u a r y 1974

2 .6
*
5 .8
2 .6




T a b le A -8 . P ercen ts of in cre a se in average hourly e a rn in g s
for selected o ccu p a tio n a l groups, adjusted for em p loym ent
sh ifts, in H u n tsv ille , A la ., for selected periods
F e b r u a r y 1972
to
F e b r u a r y 1973

In d u s try and o c c u p a t io n a l
grou p

A ll in d u s t r ie s :
O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n an d w o m e n )
I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s (m e n a n d w o m e n )
S k ille d m a in t e n a n c e t r a d e s (m e n )
U n s k i l l e d p la n t w o r k e r s ( m e n ) _________________________

*

D a ta d o n o t m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n

F e b r u a r y 1973
to
F e b r u a r y 1974

3 .6
*

7 .4
*

4 .8
3 .8

8 .5
6 .7

c r it e r ia .

N O T E : T a b l e A - 8 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d
o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a d j u s t e d t o e x c l u d e th e e f f e c t o f e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s .
T h e n ew m eth od
f o r c o m p u t i n g w a g e t r e n d s i s b a s e d o n c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
r e p o r t i n g t h e i n d e x j o b s in b o t h th e c u r r e n t a n d p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) ,
h o l d i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e j o b s c o n s t a n t .
T h e n e w w a g e t r e n d s a r e n o t lin k e d to th e c u r r e n t in d e x e s b e c a u s e th e n e w w a g e t r e n d s
m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t a v e r a g e s w h e r e a s t h e c u r r e n t i n d e x e s m e a s u r e
c h a n g e s in a r e a a v e r a g e s .
O t h e r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f th e n e w w a g e t r e n d s w h i c h d i f f e r f r o m
th e c u r r e n t o n e s in c lu d e (1 ) e a r n in g s d a ta o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s a n d in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s
a r e c o n v e r t e d t o a n h o u r l y b a s i s , a n d (2 ) t r e n d e s t i m a t e s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g
e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
(In H u n t s v i l l e , d a t a f o r m a n u f a c t u r i n g a n d n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
d o n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r it e r i a .)
F o r a m o r e d e t a ile d d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e n e w m e th o d u s e d to c o m p u te a r e a w a g e s u r v e y
i n d e x e s , s e e " I m p r o v i n g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y I n d e x e s , " M o n t h ly L a b o r R e v i e w , J a n u a r y 1 9 7 3 ,
pp. 5 2 -5 7 .

9

B. Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions
T a b le B -1. M in im um e n tra n ce salaries for inexperienced typ ists and clerk s in H u n tsv ille , A la ., Febru ary 19 7 4
O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s 5

I n e x p e r ie n c e d t y p is ts

M in i m u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y 4

A ll
s ch e d u le s

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

$ 1 0 0 .0 0
$ 1 0 5 .0 0
$ 1 1 0 .0 0
$ 1 1 5 .0 0

XXX

56

40

19

XXX

A ll
s ch e d u le s

40

37

XXX

12

5

5

7

5

18

7

7

11

9

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

_
-

1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1
2
i
i
2
1
1
1
1

_
-

1
1
1
1
1

_
1

1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
-

1
1
1
-

-

-

1
1
1
-

1

-

u n d e r $ 1 0 5 .0 0
__________________
_________
u n d e r $ 1 1 0 . 0 0 _ ___________________________________
_
u n d e r $ 1 1 5 .0 0 _ _________________________
_
- -----o v e r ___________________________________________
_
_

1

-

-

-

1
1

-

1

1

-

4

1

XXX

3

40

13

XXX

27

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

and
and
and
and

37

XXX

19

A ll
s ch e d u le s

40

$ 6 5 . 0 0 ___________________________________
$ 6 7 . 5 0 ________________________________________
$ 7 0 . 0 0 __ _____ ________________________ __
$ 7 2 .5 0
_ _______ ______________________
$ 7 5 .0 0
__ ______________________ _______
$ 7 7 . 5 0 ______ ______________________________
$ 8 0 .0 0 ______________________________________
$ 8 2 . 5 0 _ --------------------------------------------------$ 8 5 . 0 0 ___________________________________ __
$ 8 7 . 5 0 ------------------------------------------------------------$ 9 0 . 0 0 ______ _________________________
$ 9 2 .5 0
____________________
— ____ —
$ 9 5 . 0 0 ____________________________________ _
-------- _
$ 9 7 .5 0
-----------------------------------------------$ 1 0 0 . 0 0 _______________________________________

E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m in im u m
$ 6 2 .5 0
$ 6 5 .0 0
$ 6 7 .5 0
$ 7 0 .0 0
$ 7 2 .5 0
$ 7 5 .0 0
$ 7 7 .5 0
$ 8 0 .0 0
$ 8 2 .5 0
$ 8 5 .0 0
$ 8 7 .5 0
$ 9 0 .0 0
$ 9 2 .5 0
$ 9 5 .0 0
$ 9 7 .5 0

56

A ll
s ch e d u le s

40

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 6 o f ----

A ll
in d u s tr ie s

B a s e d on s ta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 6 o f —

A ll
in d u s tr ie s

E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ________________________________________

M a n u f a c t u r in g

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

M a n u f a c t u r in g

__________

E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g n o s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m __

----------------

E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s
in t h i s c a t e g o r y __________________________________________

_
_

____

-

1
2
-

-

1
-

-

-

2

1
2
-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1
1
-

1
1
1
1
1

1
1

-

-

1

10

-

-

1

1

1

-

-

-

-

1

1
1
1
1

-

1

-

1

-

-

1

1

-

S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b le s .




-

-

1
-

-•
-

1
1
1

1
1
1

1

1

-

XXX

14

5

XXX

9

XXX

XXX

24

7

XXX

17

XXX

-

-

-




Table B-2. Late-shift pay provisions for manufacturing plant workers
in Huntsville, A la., February 1974
( A l l p la n t w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g » 1 0 0 p e r c e n t)
P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s —

L a te -s h ift p a y p r o v is io n

In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g p r o v i s i o n s 7
f o r la t e s h ifts
S e c o n d s h ift

T o ta l

N o p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k o n la t e s h i f t ___
P a y d i f f e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k o n la t e s h i f t . ______

9 0 .7

T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift

7 4 .7

1 7 .6

A c t u a l l y w o r k i n g o n la t e s h if t s

S e c o n d s h ift

T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift

1 9 .0

7 .5

5 .6

-

7 3 .1

7 4 .7

1 3 .3

7 .5

U n i f o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) ________________

6 5 .2

6 6 .8

1 1 .6

7 .1

5 c e n t s _______________________ __________ _
6 c e nt s _ _________________________________
_
_ _
8 c e n t s _ _ _________________________ ____
10 c e n t s ____________________________ _____
12 c e n t s ___ ___________ —_____________—
_
____ _________________________
15 c e n t s

7 .0
9 .0
9 .9
3 7 .1

1 0 .7

.9
2 .7
.2
7 .5

3 .2

-

2 .1

1 0 .5
3 7 .1

1 .9
1 .8

U n i f o r m p e r c e n t a g e ______________ ________

7 .9

7 .9

1 .7

.4

4 .4
3 .5

.

1 .0

_

-

3 .5
4 .4

T y p e and am ou n t o f d iffe r e n tia l:

6 p e r c e n t ________________________________
9 p e r c e n t ________________________________
10 p e r c e n t ______________________________

-

8 .5
-

-

-

S e e f o o t n o t e at e n d o f t a b l e s .

11

.3

-

.2
-

.7

-

-

.4




Table B-3. Scheduled weekly hours and days of first-shift workers
in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s

P e rce n t o f o ffic e w o rk e rs

W e e k ly h o u r s and d a y s
A l l in d u s t r ie s

A ll w o r k e r s

___

35
37
38
40

h o u r s — 5 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------V2 h o u r s — 5 d a y s --------- — ----------h o u r s — 5 d a y s ______________________________________
h o u r s ___ ________________ ___ ______________ ___ ___
_
_
_
4 days
- — —
—
----- - —
S days
_ ______ ______
_
4 2 7z h o u r s — 5 d a y s —
--------------------- ------ —
4 4 h o u r s -----5 7 2 d a y s -------------------------------------- ---------4 4 V4 h o u r s — 5 d a y s --------- ------ ------- ------- --------4 7 h o u r s — 6 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------4 7 1 2 h o u r s — 5 d a y s ___________________________________
/
4 8 h o u r s — 6 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------52 h o u r s — 6 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------------

M a n u fa c tu r in g

A ll in d u s t r ie s

100

100

100

5
2
2

85
2
84
-

76

1
75
-

1
2
n

15

1

S ee fo o tn o te a t end o f ta b le s .

12

(’ )
17
1
80
80
1
(!)
(’ )
-

M a n u fa c t u r in g

100

-

100
-

100
-




Table B-4. Annual paid holidays in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s

P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o rk e rs

Item
A l l in d u s t r ie s

A ll w o r k e r s

___

. . . . . . ___________ __ ___ _____

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
p a i d h o l i d a y s __________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
n o p a id h o l i d a y s

M a n u fa c tu r in g

A l l in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c tu r in g

100

100

100

100

94

100

100

100

6

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
~

1
3

1
-

N u m b e r o f d a y s 10
1 h o lid a y
3 h o lid a y s
5 h o lid a y s
5 h o l i d a y s p lu s 2 h a l f d a y s
6 h o lid a y s
7 h o lid a v s
7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 2 h a l f d a y s
_ _ ___
_ ___
8 h o lid a y s
9 h o lid a y s
10 h o l i d a y s _______________________________________________
12 h o l i d a y s
_
_
_
......
13 h o l i d a y s

3
1
9
22
16
4
15
14
7
3
"

27
20
6
26
4
9
4

(’ )
29
16
1
8
25
10
7

22
20
4
22
3
5
22

7
7
17
42
51
67
96
99
100
100

22
22
27
31
57
77
99
100
100
100

T o t a l h o l i d a y t i m e 11
-

S ee

fo o tn o te s

at end

-

3
10
24
43
59
81
90
91
94

13 d a y s
12 d a y s o r m o r e
10 d a y s o r m o r e
9 days or m ore
8 days or m o re
7 d a y s o r m o r e ________
6 days or m ore
5 days or m ore
3 days or m ore
1 d a y o r m o r e ___________

4
13
17
49
69
96
100
100
100

o f ta b le s .

13




Table B-4a. Identification of major paid holidays
in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s

P e rce n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s

H o l i d a y 10
A ll in d u s t r ie s

A ll w o r k e r s _

____

N e w Y e a r 's D ay_
_
_
_
_
W a s h i n g t o n 's B i r t h d a y —
.
_ __
G o o d F r i d a y — ____
_____
_ __ _
M e m o r ia l D a y .
______ _ _
_
_ _
F o u r t h o f .Tilly ^
L a b o r D a y _ _________—_________________________________
_
C o lu m b u s D ay
V e te r a n s D ay
_
.
_
_
_
_ _
.
T h a n k s g iv in g D a y .
.
.
_ _
_ _
D ay a fte r T h a n k s g iv in g .
_
_ ______ .
_
_
_ __
C h r is t m a s E v e
. . .
__
C h r i s t m a s E v e , h a l f d a y ___ _
____
_
C h r i s t m a s D a y ______ _
________________ _
___
A l l w o r k i n g d a y s b e t w e e n C h r i s t m a s D a y an d
N p w Y p a r 's

Fvp 12
I

.

E x t r a d a y d u r in g C h r i s t m a s w e e k
N ew Y e a r 's E v e —
.
—
_ — _
_
N ew Y e a r 's E v e , h a lf d a y ..
—
__ _
F l o a t i n g h o l i d a y , 1 d a y 13 _
F l o a t i n g h o l i d a y , 2 d a y s 13.
F l o a t i n g h o l i d a y , 4 d a y s 13.
E m p l o y e e ' s b i r t h d a y . . __________ _ _ .
_____________

See

fo o tn o te s

M a n u f a c t u r in g

A ll in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c tu r in g

100

100

100

10 0

89
8
13
65
82
89
5
7
91
28
41
4
93

96

100
18
16
60
98
99
9
41
100
21

100

-

13
75
87
100
_
100
38
67
6
100

22

-

27
70
96
10 0
_
10 0
35
63

2

4

99

100

3
1

4

7

-

4

-

8

13

8

27

4

6

4

10

4

9
7

2
28
2

3

-

8

-

11

19

5

16

at e n d o f t a b l e s .

14

22

32

8




Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s

P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o rk e rs

V a c a t io n p o lic y
A ll in d u s t r ie s

A l l w o r k e r s _______________________________________

M a n u fa c tu r in g

A ll in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c tu r in g

100

100

100

10 0

98
75
23

100
65
35

100
99
1

100
97
3

2

-

-

-

16
17
2

19
9

3
56
12

3
12
26

M eth od o f p a ym en t
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
p a id v a c a t i o n s _
______
___
L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t __
_ _
____
P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ______________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
n o p a i d v a c a t i o n s _____________________
_ _
_ _
A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 14
A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e
U n d e r 1 w e e k __ _
______________________________
1 w e e k ______________ ___________________________________
_ ________ _____
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ____ _

-

A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
U n d e r 1 w e e k __________ ____ _ ___
_____________
1 w p p Ic
........ ........ . . , .... .
_______
O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s . . .
___
..
__ _
_
3 w e e k s ____________________________________ ____________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ________________ ________
3 w e e k s ________________ _________________ _ _________

_

_

.

79
-

21
2
76
1

52
_

_

-

1
68
-

(’ )

21

29
(’ >

C)

48
-

-

A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w e e k _
_
____ _________ __ _____
1 w eek — —
------------- _
______ __
__ __________ _
2 w e e k s ------------------------------------- __ _ ___
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s . . ________
______
_
_
3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_

_

_

78
22

1
52
44

11
87
2

30
70

C)

_

(’ )

-

(’ )

_

-

A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1
2
O
3

w eek_
_
_ ________
__________ _
w e e k s ____________
_______ _
_
v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________
w e e k s _____
______________________

_

__________
________
____ _
__ ____

40
56
4

29
66
3
(’ )

-

6
84
9
1

13
65
22
-

A fte r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1
O
2
O
3

w eek —
_
_
_____________
v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ___
_
w e e k s ____________
________ _____
v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s — __ _
w e e k s ______
_
__
____

___ __________
_
.
_
— _
_
___________
_
_
_
_ _

24
1
69
3

36

5

13

-

_

_

60
4

81
9
4

65
22

(*>

A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek „
_
_ ___
_
_ _ _
_ ____
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _____
____ _____
2 w e e k s _____
_ _
_____
O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _
_ _ _
_
3 w e e k s ______ _____
________________ ____________

See

fo o tn o te s

4
1
76
2
15

6

1

4

-

-

-

80

72
4
23

69

-

13

at e n d o f t a b l e s .

15

_

27




Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions in Huntsville, Ala.,
February 1974— Continued
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s

P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s

V a c a t io n p o lic y
A ll in d u s t r ie s

M a n u f a c t u r in g

4
38

6
44
-

A ll in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c tu r in g

A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 14— C o n t in u e d
A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1
2
O
3
O
4

w e e k __________ _____ ________________ ____
_______
w e e k s _____
__________ ______
____ ____ ______
v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s — ___ _
_
___
________________________
____
w e e k s _____________
v e r 3 and u n der 4 w e e k s
_
w e e k s ___
_ __ ____________ __ __

(’ )
53
3

46
4

-

-

i
15
2
74
7
(’ )

4
28
.
46
22
-

A f t e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1
2
O
3
O
4

w e e k ___ —
_ _ _ _ _
_
_ ___
__ _
w eeks—
_
____ _____
__________
v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _
_
__
_
____
w e e k s ________________ ____________ _____ _
_
v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s — —
_ _ _ _ _ _
w eeks_

4
29
(’ )
61
4

6
33
_
56
4

1
13
1
76
9
(’ )

4
21
53
22

-

-

-

4
17
6
51
7
12

6
14
11
47
9
13

1
9
1
65
2
22

4
9
1
57
2
27

4
17
6
25
5
32
8

6
14
11
22
9
25
13

1
9
1
40
1
41
8

4
9
1
25
2
32
27

4
17
6
25
32
13

6
14
11
22
34
13

1
9
1
40
27
22

4
9
1
25
34
27

4
17
6
25
32

6
14
11
22
34
4
9

1
9
1
40
25
23
1

4
9
1
25
34
22
5

A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1
2
O
3
O
4

w e e k __________ _
_______
_ ________________
w e e k s ______ ____
___
_________
_________
__
_
v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___________________________
---------------------------------------- ------w e e k s . ------- --------v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s
___
w e e k s ______
_____ _______
____
A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e

.1 w e e k _________
____ ____________ __ _ ______ __
2 w e e k s _____ ______ __ ___________________
____
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____ __
_ __ __ ____
3 w e e k s _____ __
__ __________ _____ ___
_
_
O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s .—
_
__ _ _
_ _ _
4 w e e k s ______ _
_
_______________________________
5 w eeks_
_ ___ __
_
______ ______ ___
A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1
2
O
3
4
5

w e e k ______
_
_ _
___
w e e k s _____
____
__ __
v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___________________________
w e e k s ______
_ ____
_
______________________________
w e e k s _________ ____ ____________________ __________
_ _
_
____
w e e k -s .
_ ___

1
2
O
3
4
5
6

w e e k .____
_______________________ _
_ ____________
w e e k s ___
v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___ __________ _
_
w eeks.
__
______ _____
_____ ____
w e e k s . ______ _
____
w e e k s ..
—
____________________
_
_ ____
w eeks—
__ ___ _
_
___

M a x im u m v a c a t io n a v a ila b le *

*

E s t im a t e s

See

fo o tn o te s

o f p r o v is io n s

fo r

30 y e a r s

9
5

o f s e r v ic e

are

id e n t ic a l.

at e n d o f t a b l e s .

16




Table B-6. Health, insurance, and pension plan provisions
in Huntsville, Ala., February 1974
P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s
T y p e o f b e n e fit and
f i n a n c i n g 15

P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o rk e rs

A l l in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c tu r in g

A l l in d u s t r ie s

A l l w o r k e r s ________________________________________

100

100

100

100

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g a t
l e a s t 1 o f t h e b e n e f i t s s h o w n b e l o w _____________

97

100

99

100

L i f e i n s u r a n c e ______________________________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p la n s
____________________
A c c id e n t a l d ea th an d d is m e m b e r m e n t
i n s u r a n c e ___________________________________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________
S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r
s i c k l e a v e o r b o t h l6 _ _ ____ ___________________

94
52

98
52

99
68

98
60

65
34

68
33

82
52

73
37

63

62

75

79

S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ___________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ____________________
S ic k le a v e ( fu ll p a y a n d no
w a it i n g p e r i o d ) ____ _____ _____________________
S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r
w a it i n g p e r i o d ) ________________________________

43
25

55
36

48
22

72
53

26

19

45

48

8

“

8

"

L o n g - t e r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e ________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e ________________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________
S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e _________________________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e _____ ____________________________
N o n c o n t r L b u to r y p la n s ............................. ..............
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ____ ________________
D e n t a l i n s u r a n c e ______ __________________ __________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n _______________________________
N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p la n s

37
25
94
42
94
42
89
39
83
33
1
72
59

49
33
100
50
100
50
95
46
85
37
2
79
69

59
46
99
61
99
61
97
60
91
53
9
-

66
47
10 0
59
100
59
10 0
59
75
34
2
86
81

S ee fo o tn o te s

at end

o f ta b le s .

17

89
78

M a n u f a c t u r in g

Footnotes
A ll of these standard footnotes may not apply to this bulletin.

1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime
at regular an d/or prem ium rates), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
2 The mean is computed for each job by totaling the earnings of all workers and dividing by the number of w orkers.
The median
designates position— half of the em ployees surveyed receive m ore and half receive le ss than the rate shown. The middle range is defined
by 2 rates of pay; a fourth of the workers earn less than the lower of these rates and a fourth earn m ore than the higher rate.
3 Excludes prem ium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
4 These salaries relate to form ally established minimum starting (hiring) regular straight-tim e salaries that are paid for standard
workweeks.
5 Excludes workers in subclerical jobs such as m essenger.
6 Data are presented for all standard workweeks combined, and for the m ost common standard workweeks reported.
7 Includes all plant workers in establishments currently operating late sh ifts, and establishments whose form al provisions cover late
shifts, even though the establishm ents were not currently operating late shifts.
8 L ess than 0.05 percent.
9 L ess than 0.5 percent.
10 For purposes of this study, pay for a Sunday in D ecem ber, negotiated in the automobile industry, is not treated as a paid holiday.
1 A ll combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for exam ple, the proportion of workers receiving
1
a total of 9 days includes those with 9 full days and no half days, 8 full days and 2 half days, 7 full days and 4 half days, and so on.
Proportions then were cumulated.
1 These days are provided as part of a Christmas—New Y ea r holiday period which typically begins with Christm as Eve and ends with
2
New Y e a r 's Day. Such a holiday period is common in the automobile, aerospace, and farm implement industries.
1 "F lo a tin g " holidays vary from year to year according to employer or employee choice.
3
1 Includes payments other than "length of t i m e ," such as percentage of annual earnings or fla t-su m payments, converted to an
4
equivalent tim e b a sis; for exam ple, 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 w eek's pay. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily
and do not n ecessa rily reflect individual provisions for progression; for exam ple, changes in proportions at 10 years include changes between
5 and 10 y ea rs. Estim ates are cumulative. Thus, the proportion eligible for at least 3 w eeks' pay after 10 years includes those eligible for
at least 3 w eeks' pay after fewer years of service.
1 Estim ates listed after type of benefit are for all plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer. "Noncontributory
5
plans" include only those financed entirely by the em ployer.
Excluded are legally required plans, such as workm en's compensation, social
security, and railroad retirem ent.
1 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are
6
lim ited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that each employee can expect. Informal sick leave
allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded.




18

Appendix A
A r e a w a g e a n d r e la t e d b e n e fit s d a ta a r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f ie l d
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a t 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . * In e a c h o f t h e i n t e r v e n i n g y e a r s , i n f o r m a t i o n o n e m p l o y m e n t
1
an d o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s is c o ll e c t e d b y a c o m b in a tio n o f p e r s o n a l v is it an d m a il q u e s t io n n a ir e
f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p a r t i c i p a t i n g in t h e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y .
In e a c h o f t h e 9 4 2 a r e a s c u r r e n t l y s u r v e y e d , d a ta a r e o b t a in e d f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h i n s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n ,
an d o th e r p u b lic u t il it ie s ; w h o le s a le t r a d e ; r e t a il t r a d e ; f in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; and
s e r v ic e s .
M a jo r in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t io n s a n d th e
c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s .
E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g fe w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f
w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e o f i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d .
S ep a ra te
t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f t h e b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h ic h m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n c r i t e r i a .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p l e b a s i s .
T h e s a m p lin g p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e
d e t a i l e d s t r a t i f i c a t i o n o f a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in t h e s c o p e o f an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y
i n d u s t r y a n d n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s . F r o m t h is s t r a t i f i e d u n i v e r s e a p r o b a b i l i t y s a m p l e i s s e l e c t e d ,
w it h e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v i n g a p r e d e t e r m i n e d c h a n c e o f s e l e c t i o n .
T o o b t a in o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y
a t m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i s s e l e c t e d .
W hen
d a t a a r e c o m b i n e d , e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s w e i g h t e d a c c o r d i n g t o it s p r o b a b i l i t y o f s e l e c t i o n , s o
th a t u n b ia s e d e s t im a t e s a r e g e n e r a t e d . F o r e x a m p le , i f o n e o u t o f f o u r e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d ,
it i s g i v e n a w e ig h t o f f o u r t o r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lu s t h r e e o t h e r s .
A n a lte r n a te o f th e s a m e
o r i g i n a l p r o b a b i l i t y i s c h o s e n in t h e s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i f d a t a a r e n o t a v a i l a b l e
f o r th e o r ig in a l s a m p le m e m b e r .
I f n o s u i t a b l e s u b s t i t u t e i s a v a i l a b l e , a d d i t i o n a l w e i g h t is
a s s i g n e d t o a s a m p l e m e m b e r th a t i s s i m i l a r t o t h e m i s s i n g u n it .
O c c u p a tio n s

A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u ld n o t b e a s s u m e d
t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s i n p a y o f th e s e x e s w it h i n i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
F a c t o r s w h ic h m a y
c o n t r i b u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s i n c l u d e p r o g r e s s i o n w it h i n e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s , s i n c e o n l y th e r a t e s
p a id i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d , a n d p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c d u t i e s w it h i n th e g e n e r a l s u r v e y j o b
d e sc r ip tio n s.
J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d t o c l a s s i f y e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s u s u a l l y a r e m o r e
g e n e r a l i z e d th a n t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c d u t i e s p e r f o r m e d .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t t h e t o t a l in a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h i n th e
s c o p e o f th e s t u d y a n d n o t t h e n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d .
B e c a u s e o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu re s a m o n g
e s t a b lis h m e n t s
d iffe r , e s tim a te s
o f o c c u p a t io n a l
e m p l o y m e n t o b t a in e d f r o m
th e s a m p le o f
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d s e r v e o n l y t o i n d i c a t e th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f t h e j o b s s t u d i e d .
T hese
d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y t h e a c c u r a c y o f t h e e a r n i n g s d a t a .
W age

tre n d s

fo r

s e le c te d

o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s

I n d e x e s in t a b l e A - 7 m e a s u r e w a g e s a t a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d a s a p e r c e n t o f w a g e s
d u r i n g th e b a s e p e r i o d .
S u b t r a c t i n g 1 0 0 f r o m th e i n d e x y i e l d s t h e p e r c e n t c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m
th e b a s e p e r i o d t o t h e d a t e o f th e i n d e x .
T h e p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e in t a b l e s A - 7
a n d A - 8 r e l a t e t o w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d d a t e s .
A nnual r a te s o f in c r e a s e , w h e re
s h o w n , r e f l e c t th e a m o u n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n t h s w h e n t h e t i m e s p a n b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s
o t h e r th a n 12 m o n t h s .
T h e s e c o m p u t a t io n s a r e b a s e d o n th e a s s u m p t io n th a t w a g e s in c r e a s e d a t
a co n sta n t ra te b etw een s u r v e y s .

a n d E a r n in g s

O c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c t u r in g a n d n o n 
m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r ie s , an d a r e o f th e fo ll o w in g t y p e s :
(1 ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2 ) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d
t e c h n i c a l ; (3 ) m a i n t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p l a n t ; a n d ( 4 ) c u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t .
O c c u p a t io n a l
c l a s s if ic a t i o n i s b a s e d on a u n ifo r m s e t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d t o ta k e a c c o u n t o f in t e r 
e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u t i e s w it h i n t h e s a m e j o b .
O c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e li s t e d
a n d d e s c r i b e d in a p p e n d i x B .
U n le s s o t h e r w is e in d ic a t e d , th e e a r n in g s d a ta fo llo w in g th e jo b
t it le s a r e f o r a ll in d u s t r ie s c o m b in e d .
E a r n i n g s d a ta f o r s o m e o f t h e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d a n d
d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w it h i n o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in t h e A - s e r i e s
t a b l e s , b e c a u s e e i t h e r ( 1 ) e m p l o y m e n t in t h e o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a t a t o
m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2 ) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t d a ta .
E a r n i n g s d a t a n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y f o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e i n c l u d e d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d
d a ta , w h e r e sh ow n .
L ik e w is e ,
d a t a a r e i n c l u d e d in t h e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h e n a s u b 
c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f e l e c t r o n i c s t e c h n ic i a n s , s e c r e t a r i e s , o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is n o t s h o w n o r in fo r m a t i o n
t o s u b c la s s if y is n o t a v a ila b le .

P e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e r e p o r t e d in t a b l e s A - 7 a n d A - 8 r e f l e c t t w o d i f f e r e n t m e a s u r e s o f
w age m ov em en t.
T a b l e A - 7 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f o f f i c e
c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s a n d in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s a n d a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f s k il le d m a in te n a n c e an d
u n s k i l l e d p l a n t w o r k e r s in th e a r e a .
T a b le A - 8 p r o v id e s p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e h o u r ly
e a r n i n g s f o r th e s a m e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a d j u s t e d t o e x c l u d e t h e e f f e c t o f e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s .
T h e m e t h o d u s e d t o c o m p u t e w a g e t r e n d s in t a b l e A - 8 i s b a s e d o n c h a n g e s i n a v e r a g e h o u r l y
e a r n i n g s f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g i n d e x j o b s in b o t h t h e c u r r e n t a n d p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) ; e s t a b l i s h m e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e j o b s w a s h e l d c o n s t a n t .
D a ta f o r th e m a t c h e d
e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e w e ig h t e d to r e p r e s e n t a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s r e p o r t in g th e j o b in th e p r e v io u s y e a r .
M eth od
O ffic e

T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s in an a r e a a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e .
C o m p a r is o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r t im e m a y n o t r e f l e c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s .
T h e a v e r a g e s f o r i n d i v i d u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s a n d e m p l o y m e n t p a t t e r n s .
F or
e x a m p le , p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e f ir m s m a y c h a n g e , o r h ig h -w a g e
w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s an d b e r e p la c e d b y n ew w o r k e r s at lo w e r r a t e s .
S u ch
s h i f t s in e m p l o y m e n t c o u l d d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n t h o u g h m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in
a n a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g t h e y e a r .
T r e n d s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in
t a b l e s A - 7 a n d A - 8 , a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th a n i n d i v i d u a l j o b s w it h i n t h e g r o u p s .

e s t a b li s h m e n t s .




In dex es

w age

tre n d s .

O c c u p a tio n s

c le r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ):

fo r

in d iv id u a l a r e a s

in t h e p r o g r a m

u sed

to

co m p u te

w age

tren d s

are:

I n d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (m e n a n d w o m e n ):
N u rses,

in d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d )

S k ille d m a in t e n a n c e ( m e n ) :
C a rp en ters
E le c tr ic ia n s
M a c h in is ts
M e c h a n ic s
M e c h a n ic s (a u t o m o t iv e )
P a in t e r s
P ip e fitte r s
T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s
U n s k i l l e d p la n t ( m e n ) :
J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s
L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d lin g
are

co m p u te d

as

fo llo w s :

1.
E a c h o c c u p a t i o n i s a s s i g n e d a w e i g h t b a s e d o n i t s p r o p o r t i o n a t e e m p l o y m e n t in th e
g r o u p o f o c c u p a t i o n s in t h e b a s e y e a r .
2.
T h e s e w e ig h ts a r e u s e d to c o m p u t e g r o u p a v e r a g e s .
E ach o c c u p a t io n s a v e ra g e
(m e a n ) e a r n in g s is m u lt i p l ie d b y it s w e ig h t.
T h e p r o d u c t s a r e to t a le d to o b ta in a g r o u p a v e r a g e .
3.
T h e r a t i o o f g r o u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s i s c o m p u t e d b y d i v i d i n g th e
a v e r a g e f o r th e c u r r e n t y e a r b y th e a v e r a g e f o r th e e a r l i e r y e a r .
T he r e s u lts — e x p r e s s e d a s a
p e r c e n t — l e s s 1 0 0 i s th e p e r c e n t c h a n g e .
4.
T h e c u r r e n t y e a r ' s i n d e x i s o b t a i n e d b y m u l t i p l y i n g t h e p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s in d e x b y th e
r a t i o o f th e c u r r e n t y e a r ' s g r o u p a v e r a g e t o t h e p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s g r o u p a v e r a g e .
s e le c te d

1 Personal visits were on a 2-year c y c le before July 1972.
2 Included in the 94 areas are 8 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Austin, T e x .; Binghamton, N .Y . —
P a .; Durham, N. C .; Fort Lauderdale—H ollywood and West Palm Beach, F la .; Huntsville, A l a .; Lexington, K y .; Melbourne—Titusville—C ocoa,
F la .; and Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y .
In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies in approxim ately 70 areas
at die request o f the Employment Standards Administration o f die U. S. Department o f Labor.

c o m p u t in g

B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s B
C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s e s A an d B
C le r k s , file , c la s s e s A , B, and C
C le r k s , o r d e r
C le r k s , p a y r o ll
K eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s e s A and B
M e s s e n g e r s (o ffic e b o y s and g ir ls )
S e c r e ta r ie s
S ten og ra p h ers, g e n e ra l
S te n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r
S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s e s A and B
T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s B
T y p is ts , c la s s e s A and B

O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t a n d e a r n i n g s d a ta a r e s h o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e
h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le .
E a r n i n g s d a ta e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d
f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o li d a y s , a n d la t e s h if t s .
N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , b u t c o s t o f - l i v i n g a ll o w a n c e s a n d in c e n t iv e b o n u s e s a r e in c lu d e d .
W e e k ly h o u r s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and
p r o f e s s io n a l an d t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s r e f e r t o th e s ta n d a r d w o r k w e e k (r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t
h a lf h o u r ) f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e r e g u l a r s t r a ig h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r
o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ).
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s a r e
ro u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r .

A v e r a g e e a r n in g s r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w id e e s t i m a t e s .
I n d u s tr ie s a n d e s t a b lis h m e n t s
d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l a n d j o b s t a f f i n g , a n d t h u s c o n t r i b u t e d i f f e r e n t l y t o t h e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b .
P a y a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e l y t h e w a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l a m o n g j o b s in i n d i v i d u a l

of

19

L i m i t a t i o n s o f d a t a . I n d e x e s a n d p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a s p r e s e n t e d in
t a b le A - 7 , a r e in f lu e n c e d b y (1 ) g e n e r a l s a la r y an d w a g e c h a n g e s , (2 ) m e r it o r o th e r p a y in c r e a s e s
r e c e i v e d in t h e s a m e j o b , ( 3 ) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e w a g e s d u e t o l a b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s
or
r e d u c tio n s ,
and
(4 ) c h a n g e s
r e s u lt in g
w hen
e s t a b lis h m e n t s e n t e r a n d le a v e
th e a r e a .
O c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s c a n i n c r e a s e o r d e c r e a s e w it h o u t a n y a c t u a l c h a n g e in w a g e s . F o r e x a m p l e ,
e v en th ou gh a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts g iv e w a g e i n c r e a s e s , a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y d e c lin e b e c a u s e lo w e r p a y in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s e n t e r th e a r e a o r e x p a n d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s .
S im i l a r l y , w a g e s m a y r e m a in
r e la t i v e ly c o n s ta n t, y e t a v e r a g e s r i s e b e c a u s e h ig h e r - p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t s e n t e r th e a r e a o r
exp a n d th e ir w o r k fo r c e .
A s m e n t i o n e d , d a t a in t a b l e A - 8 a r e a d j u s t e d t o r e m o v e s o m e o f t h e
l i m i t a t i o n s t o t h e i n f o r m a t i o n in t a b l e A - 7 , p a r t i c u l a r l y c h a n g e s r e s u l t i n g f r o m f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s
o r r e d u c t i o n s a n d f r o m t h e a d d i t i o n o r d e l e t i o n o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in t h e s u r v e y s a m p l e .
E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v is io n s
T h e B - s e r i e s t a b le s p r o v id e in fo r m a t io n on e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s an d s u p p le m e n ta r y
w a g e p r o v i s i o n s f o r p la n t a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
" P la n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g f o r e m e n a n d a ll
n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s ( i n c l u d i n g l e a d m e n a n d t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s . C a f e t e r i a
w o r k e r s and
ro u te m e n a r e e x c lu d e d
f r o m m a n u f a c t u r i n g , b u t i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g
in d u s t r ie s . " O f f ic e w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s a n d n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g
c l e r i c a l o r r e la t e d fu n c t io n s . A d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u t iv e , a n d p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s a r e e x c lu d e d .
M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s r e l a t e o n l y t o th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d .
(S e e t a b le B - l . )
B e c a u s e o f th e o p t im u m s a m p lin g t e c h n iq u e s u s e d a n d th e p r o b a b ili t y th a t la r g e
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e m o r e l i k e l y th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s t o h a v e f o r m a l e n t r a n c e r a t e s a b o v e t h e
s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l , t h e t a b l e i s m o r e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s in m e d i u m a n d l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l d a t a a r e l i m i t e d t o p la n t w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .
(S e e
t a b le B - 2 . )
T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f ( 1 ) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y 3 f o r t o t a l p la n t
w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t , a n d ( 2 ) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e f o r w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d o n t h e s p e c i f i e d s h i f t at t h e
t im e o f th e s u r v e y .
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , t h e a m o u n t a p p l y in g t o a
m a j o r it y is u s e d ; i f n o a m o u n t a p p lie s t o a m a j o r i t y , th e c la s s if ic a t i o n " o t h e r " is u s e d .
In
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g s o m e l a t e - s h i f t h o u r s p a i d a t n o r m a l r a t e s , a d i f f e r e n c e i s r e c o r d e d o n ly
i f it a p p l ie s t o a m a j o r i t y o f th e s h ift h o u r s .
A s e c o n d ( e v e n i n g ) s h if t e n d s w o r k at o r n e a r
m id n ig h t .
A t h i r d ( n ig h t ) s h i f t s t a r t s w o r k a t o r n e a r m i d n i g h t .
T h e s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s and
d a y s o f a m a j o r i t y o f t h e f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in a n
e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e t a b u l a t e d a s a p p l y i n g t o a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f th a t e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
(S e e
t a b le B - 3 . )
S c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s a n d d a y s a r e t h o s e w h ic h a m a jo r i t y o f f u l l - t i m e e m p lo y e e s
a r e e x p e c te d to w o r k fo r s tr a ig h t-tim e o r o v e r tim e r a te s .
P a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ; a n d h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p la n s a r e t r e a t e d
s t a t i s t i c a l l y a s a p p l y i n g t o a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e
o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify f o r th e p r a c t ic e s lis t e d .
(S e e t a b l e s B - 4 t h r o u g h B - 6 . )
Sum s of
i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s in t a b l e s B - 2 t h r o u g h B - 5 m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s b e c a u s e o f r o u n d i n g .

T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s i s a s t a t i s t i c a l m e a s u r e o f v a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s r a t h e r th a n
a m e a s u r e o f th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s a c t u a lly r e c e iv in g s p e c i f i c b e n e f it s .
(S e e t a b l e B - 5 . )
P r o v i s i o n s a p p l y t o a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t r e g a r d l e s s o f le n g t h o f s e r v i c e .
P a y m e n t s o n o t h e r th a n a t i m e b a s i s a r e c o n v e r t e d t o a t i m e p e r i o d ; f o r e x a m p l e , 2 p e r c e n t o f
a n n u a l e a r n i n g s a r e c o n s i d e r e d e q u i v a l e n t t o 1 w e e k 's p a y .
O n ly b a s i c p la n s a r e in c l u d e d .
E s t im a t e s e x c lu d e v a c a t io n b o n u s e s , v a c a t io n - s a v in g s p la n s , and " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t ic a l"
b e n e fit s b e y o n d b a s ic p la n s .
S u c h p r o v i s i o n s a r e t y p i c a l in t h e s t e e l ,
a lu m i n u m , a n d c a n
in d u s t r ie s .

H e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p l a n s f o r w h i c h t h e e m p l o y e r p a y s a t l e a s t a p a r t o f
th e c o s t in c lu d e
t h o s e (1 ) u n d e r w r i t t e n
b y a c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e co m p a n y
o r n o n p r o fit
o r g a n i z a t i o n , (2 ) p r o v i d e d t h r o u g h a u n io n f u n d , o r ( 3 ) p a i d d i r e c t l y b y t h e e m p l o y e r o u t o f
c u r r e n t o p e r a tin g
fu n d s o r
fro m
a fu n d s e t a s i d e
f o r t h is p u r p o s e .
(S e e t a b l e B - 6 . )
An
e s t a b l i s h m e n t is c o n s i d e r e d t o h a v e s u c h a p la n i f t h e m a j o r i t y o f e m p l o y e e s a r e c o v e r e d e v e n
t h o u g h l e s s th a n a m a j o r i t y p a r t i c i p a t e u n d e r t h e p la n b e c a u s e e m p l o y e e s a r e r e q u i r e d t o
c o n t r i b u t e t o w a r d t h e c o s t . E x c l u d e d a r e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p l a n s , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n ,
s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t.

S ic k n e s s a n d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e i s l i m it e d t o th a t ty p e o f in s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ic h p r e 
d e t e r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e d i r e c t l y t o th e in s u r e d d u r in g t e m p o r a r y i l l n e s s o r a c c id e n t
d is a b ility .
I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s u ch
p la n s t o w h ic h t h e
e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s .
H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k a n d N e w J e r s e y , w h i c h h a v e e n a c t e d t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e la w s
r e q u i r i n g e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 4 p la n s a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y i f t h e e m p l o y e r ( 1 ) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e
t h a n i s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , o r (2 ) p r o v i d e s t h e e m p l o y e e w it h b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s
o f t h e la w .
T a b u l a t i o n s o f p a i d s i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d t o f o r m a l p l a n s 5 w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l
p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e w o r k e r ' s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s .
S e p a ra te
t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g t o ( 1 ) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y a n d n o w a it i n g p e r i o d ,
a n d ( 2 ) p l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e e i t h e r p a r t i a l p a y o r a w a i t i n g p e r i o d . In a d d i t i o n t o t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n
o f p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r p a i d s i c k l e a v e , an
u n d u p lic a te d t o t a l is s h o w n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e e it h e r o r b o th t y p e s o f b e n e fit s .
L o n g t e r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o v i d e p a y m e n t s t o t o t a l l y d i s a b l e d e m p l o y e e s u p o n
th e e x p ir a t i o n o f t h e i r p a id s ic k le a v e a n d /o r s ic k n e s s a n d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e , o r a ft e r a
p r e d e te r m in e d p e r io d o f d is a b ility (ty p ic a lly 6 m o n th s ).
P a y m e n t s a r e m a d e u n t il t h e e n d o f t h e
d is a b ility , a m a x im u m a g e , o r e lig ib ilit y fo r r e tir e m e n t b e n e fits .
F u ll o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n ts a r e
a l m o s t a l w a y s r e d u c e d b y s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , a n d p r i v a t e p e n s i o n s b e n e f i t s
p a y a b le t o th e d is a b le d e m p lo y e e .

D a t a on p a i d h o l i d a y s a r e l i m i t e d t o h o l i d a y s g r a n t e d a n n u a ll y on a f o r m a l b a s i s , w h i c h ( 1 )
a r e p r o v i d e d f o r in w r i t t e n f o r m , o r ( 2 ) a r e e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m .
(S e e ta b le B - 4 .)
H o lid a y s
o r d in a r il y g r a n te d a r e in c lu d e d e v e n th o u g h th e y m a y f a ll on a n o n w o r k d a y an d th e w o r k e r is n ot
g r a n te d a n o th e r day o ff.
T h e f i r s t p a r t o f th e p a id h o li d a y s t a b le p r e s e n t s th e n u m b e r o f w h o le
an d h a lf h o lid a y s a c t u a lly g r a n te d .
T h e s e c o n d p a r t c o m b in e s w h o le a n d h a lf h o li d a y s t o sh ow
to ta l
h o lid a y t im e .
T a b le B -4 a
r e p o r t s th e i n c i d e n c e o f th e m o s t c o m m o n p a id h o li d a y s .

M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s f r o m s i c k n e s s a n d i n j u r y e x p e n s e s
b e y o n d th e c o v e r a g e o f b a s i c h o s p i t a liz a t io n , m e d i c a l , an d s u r g i c a l p la n s .
T y p ic a l fe a tu r e s o f
m a j o r m e d i c a l p la n s a r e (1 ) a " d e d u c t i b l e " ( e . g . , $ 5 0 ) p a id b y th e in s u r e d b e f o r e b e n e fit s
b e g in ; (2 ) a c o in s u r a n c e fe a tu r e r e q u ir in g th e in s u r e d t o p a y a p o r t io n ( e .g . 20 p e r c e n t ) o f
c e r t a i n e x p e n s e s ; a n d (3 ) s t a t e d d o l l a r m a x i m u m b e n e f i t s ( e . g . , $ 1 0 , 0 0 0 a y e a r ) .
M e d ic a l
in s u r a n c e p r o v id e s c o m p le te o r p a r tia l p a y m en t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s .
D e n ta l in s u r a n c e u s u a lly c o v e r s
fillin g s , e x tr a c tio n s , and X - r a y s .
E x c l u d e d a r e p la n s w h i c h c o v e r o n l y o r a l s u r g e r y o r a c c i d e n t
dam age.
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s p r o v i d e p a y m e n t s f o r t h e r e m a i n d e r o f t h e w o r k e r ' s l i f e .

3
A n establishment was considered as having a p o licy if it m et either o f the follow ing conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the tim e
o f the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late shifts. A n establishment was considered as having form al provisions if it (1) had
operated late shifts during the 12 months before the survey, or (2 ) had provisions in written form to operate late shifts.

4
The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions.
® An establishment is considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minim um number o f days sick leave available
to each em ployee.
Such a plan need not be written; but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, are excluded.




Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Huntsville, A la.,1
by major industry division,2 February 1974
N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts
M in im u m
e m p lo y m e n t
in e s t a b l i s h 
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f stu d y

In d u s tr y d iv is io n

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
W i t h in s c o p e o f s t u d y

W i t h in s c o p e
o f stu d y *

S t u d ie d
S t u d ie d

T o ta l4
P la n t
N um ber

A l l d i v i s i o n s _____________________________________
M a n u fa c tu r in g
_
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and
o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 ___
W h o le s a le tra d e
R e t a i l t r a d e __________
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te
___ _
S e r v ic e s 9
_

_

O ffic e

P ercen t

T o ta l4

123

56

2 7 ,8 6 0

100

1 7 ,5 5 0

2 , 961

1 9 ,6 0 0

50
-

40
83

19
37

1 3 ,3 2 4
1 4 ,5 3 6

48
52

1 0 , 521
7, 029

900
2 , 061

9, 835
9 ,7 6 5

50
50
50
50
50

2
1
39
7
34

2
1
12
2
20

759
123
4 , 043
930
8 , 681

155

759
123
1 ,7 7 6
405
6 , 702

3

(6)
(6 )
(6 )
(8 )
(6)

(7 )
15
3
31

(6)
(6)
(6 )
(6 )

1 T h e H u n t s v i l l e S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f i n e d b y th e O f f i c e o f M a n a g e m e n t a n d B u d g e t t h r o u g h N o v e m b e r 1 9 7 2 , c o n s i s t s o f L i m e s t o n e a n d M a d i s o n C o u n t i e s .
The
" w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e i n c l u d e d in t h e s u r v e y .
E s tim a te s a r e n o t
in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t i n d e x e s to m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( l ) p la n n in g o f
w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s
e s t a b lis h m e n t d a ta c o m p ile d
c o n s id e r a b ly
in a d v a n c e o f t h e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d , a n d ( 2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1 967 e d it io n o f th e S ta n d a rd I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d to c l a s s i f y e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n .
3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m l i m i t a t i o n .
A l l o u t l e t s (w it h i n th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in i n d u s t r i e s s u c h a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u t o r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
and m o t io n p ic t u r e t h e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t .
4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e p la n t a n d o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s .
5 A b b r e v i a t e d t o " p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s " in th e A - a n d B - s e r i e s t a b l e s .
T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n w e r e e x c lu d e d .
H u n t s v i l l e 's e l e c t r i c a n d g a s u t i l i t i e s a r e
m u n i c i p a l l y o p e r a t e d a n d a r e e x c l u d e d b y d e f i n i t i o n f r o m t h e s c o p e o f th e s t u d y .
6 T h i s d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d i n e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " i n th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , a n d f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s .
S e p a ra te p re se n ta tio n o f
d a t a i s n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n s : ( 1 ) E m p l o y m e n t i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a t a t o m e r i t s e p a r a t e s t u d y , ( 2 ) t h e s a m p l e w a s n o t d e s i g n e d i n i t i a l l y t o p e r m i t
s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , ( 3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , a n d ( 4 ) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a t a .
7 L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
8 W o r k e r s fr o m
t h is e n t i r e d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b u t
f r o m th e r e a l e s t a t e p o r t io n
o n l y in e s t i m a t e s
f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in t h e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s .
S e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta i s n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f
th e r e a s o n s g i v e n in
f o o tn o te 6.
9 H o t e ls and m o t e l s ; la u n d r ie s an d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b il e r e p a i r , r e n t a l, and p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s (e x c lu d in g
r e li g io u s an d c h a r it a b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ) ; and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .

I n d u s t r i a l c o m p o s i t i o n in m a n u f a c t u r i n g
O v e r t w o - f i f t h s o f th e w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y in th e H u n t s v i l l e a r e a
w e r e e m p l o y e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g f i r m s .
T h e f o l l o w i n g p r e s e n t s th e m a j o r i n d u s t r y g r o u p s
and s p e c i f i c in d u s t r ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa c t u r in g :
In d u stry g ro u p s

L a b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n t c o v e r a g e
T h e f o l l o w i n g t a b u l a t i o n s h o w s t h e p e r c e n t o f p la n t a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in w h i c h a c o n t r a c t o r c o n t r a c t s c o v e r e d a m a j o r i t y o f t h e w o r k e r s in t h e
r e s p e c t i v e c a t e g o r i e s , H u n t s v ille , A la ., F e b r u a r y 1 9 7 4 :

S p e c if ic in d u s tr ie s

E l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t and
30
12
T e x tile m ill p ro d u cts
10
M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ___
9
O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s _______
7
L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ----- 7
A p p a r e l and o th e r t e x t ile
p rod u cts
5

24
C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u ip m e n t
W e a v in g m i l l s , c o t t o n _________ . . . 10
7
F o o t w e a r , e x c e p t r u b b e r _____
7
E le c tr o n ic com p on en ts
and a c c e s s o r i e s
_
_
6
F a r m m a c h i n e r y _________________
5

P la n t w o r k e r s
A l l i n d u s t r i e s ____________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s __________________

O ffic e w o r k e r s
12
22
99

A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s c o n s i d e r e d t o h a v e a c o n t r a c t c o v e r i n g a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s
if a m a jo r it y o f s u ch w o r k e r s a r e c o v e r e d b y a la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t .
T h e r e fo r e ,
a l l o t h e r p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s a r e e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s th a t e i t h e r d o n o t h a v e
l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t s in e f f e c t , o r h a v e c o n t r a c t s t h a t a p p l y t o f e w e r th a n h a l f o f t h e i r
p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
E s t i m a t e s a r e n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t h e e x t e n t t o w h ic h
a l l w o r k e r s in th e a r e a m a y b e c o v e r e d b y th e p r o v i s i o n s o f l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s ,
b e c a u s e s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e e x c lu d e d a n d th e in d u s t r ia l s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y is li m it e d .

T h is i n f o r m a t i o n i s b a s e d o n e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e
m a te r ia ls c o m p ile d b e fo r e a ctu a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t io n s in v a r i o u s in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s m a y
d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t i o n s b a s e d o n th e r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y a s s h o w n in t h e a p p e n d i x t a b l e .




29
38
91

21

Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions
T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r i n g j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r t h e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s i s t o a s s i s t i t s f i e l d s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g in t o a p p r o p r i a t e
o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s and d iffe r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s fr o m e s t a b lis h m e n t to e s t a b lis h m e n t and
fr o m
a r e a to a r e a .
T h is p e r m it s th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b le j o b c o n t e n t .
B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is on
i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o c c u p a t i o n a l c o n t e n t , t h e B u r e a u 's j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m t h o s e in u s e in
in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d fo r o t h e r p u r p o s e s .
In a p p l y in g t h e s e j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s , t h e B u r e a u 's f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e i n s t r u c t e d
to e x c l u d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t i c e s ; l e a r n e r s ; b e g i n n e r s ; t r a i n e e s ; and h a n d ic a p p e d , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , an d p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s .

OFFICE

B IL L E R ,

CLERK,

M A C H IN E

P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , a n d i n v o i c e s o n a m a c h i n e o t h e r th a n a n o r d i n a r y o r e l e c t r o m a tic t y p e w r ite r .
M a y a l s o k e e p r e c o r d s a s t o b i l l i n g s o r s h ip p i n g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r
c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n t a l to b il lin g o p e r a t i o n s . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s , m a c h in e , a r e
c la s s ifie d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , as fo llo w s :
B il le r , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) .
U ses a s p e c ia l
an d a d d in g m a c h in e ) to p r e p a r e b il ls an d in v o ic e s f r o m
n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m s , e t c .
d e t e r m i n e d d i s c o u n t s a n d s h ip p i n g c h a r g e s a n d e n t r y o f
m a y n ot b e c o m p u te d on th e b illin g m a c h in e , an d to t a ls
b y m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m
p r e p a r e d and is o ft e n d o n e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e .

b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ( c o m b i n a t i o n t y p in g
c u s t o m e r s ' p u rch a se o r d e r s , in te r 
U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e 
n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s i o n s , w h ic h m a y o r
w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u l a t e d
b e r o f c a r b o n c o p i e s o f t h e b i l l b e in g

CLERK,

o n th e

b a s is

o f th e fo llo w in g

d e fin it io n s .

F IL E

C la s s B .
S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c la s s ifie d m a t e r ia l b y s im p le ( s u b je c t m a t t e r ) h e a d 
in g s o r p a r t l y c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l b y f i n e r s u b h e a d i n g s . P r e p a r e s s i m p l e r e l a t e d i n d e x a n d
c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s .
A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s c l e a r l y i d e n t i f i e d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s a n d f o r 
w a r d s m a t e r i a l . M a y p e r f o r m r e la t e d c l e r i c a l t a s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in t a in a n d s e r v i c e f i l e s .
C la s s C .
P e r f o r m s r o u t i n e f i l i n g o f m a t e r i a l t h a t h a s a l r e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f i e d o r w h ic h
i s e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s i m p l e s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s y s t e m ( e . g . , a l p h a b e t i c a l , c h r o n o l o g i c a l ,
o r n u m e r i c a l ) . A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l in f i l e s a n d f o r w a r d s m a 
t e r i a l ; a n d m a y f i l l o u t w it h d r a w a l c h a r g e . M a y p e r f o r m s i m p l e c l e r i c a l a n d m a n u a l t a s k s
r e q u ir e d t o m a in ta in a n d s e r v i c e f i l e s .

by hand.
C la s s B .
K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t io n s o f a s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly
r e q u ir in g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t io n s in c lu d e a c c o u n ts p a y a b le ,
p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (n o t i n c l u d i n g a s i m p l e t y p e o f b i l l i n g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r b i l l e r ,
m a c h in e ), c o s t d is t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l, e t c . M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t
in p r e p a r a t i o n o f t r i a l b a l a n c e s a n d p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r t h e a c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t .
A C C O U N T IN G

P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s p o s t in g t o r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ;
r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; v e r i f y i n g thfe i n t e r n a l c o n s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , a n d m a t h e m a t i c a l
a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; a s s i g n in g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g
and v e r ify in g fo r c le r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s ty p e s o f r e p o r t s , li s t s , c a lc u la tio n s , p o s tin g , e t c .;
o r p r e p a r i n g s i m p l e o r a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r i n g m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d j o u r n a l v o u c h e r s .
M ay w ork
in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m .




le v e ls

C la s s A .
C la s s if ie s and in d e x e s file m a t e r ia l su ch a s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h 
n i c a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in a n e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m c o n t a i n i n g a n u m b e r o f v a r i e d s u b j e c t
m a t t e r f i l e s . M a y a l s o f i l e t h i s m a t e r i a l . M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r i o u s t y p e s in c o n j u n c t i o n
w ith t h e f i l e s .
M a y le a d a s m a ll g r o u p o f lo w e r le v e l f i l e c l e r k s .

(w it h o r w it h o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) t o k e e p a r e c o r d

T h e w o r k r e q u ir e s a k n o w le d g e o f
w h ic h r e la t e s to th e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g an d
W it h e x p e r i e n c e , t h e w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m
a n d p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in t h e a s s i g n e d w o r k ,
p r in c ip le s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g .

in t o

F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , a n d r e t r i e v e s m a t e r i a l in a n e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m . M a y p e r f o r m
c l e r i c a l a n d m a n u a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d t o m a i n t a i n f i l e s . P o s i t i o n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in t o l e v e l s o n t h e
b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g d e fin it io n s .

C la s s A .
K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f a n d e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c
b o o k k e e p i n g p r i n c i p l e s , a n d f a m i l i a r i t y w it h t h e s t r u c t u r e o f t h e p a r t i c u l a r a c c o u n t i n g s y s t e m
u s e d . D e t e r m i n e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f d e b i t a n d c r e d i t i t e m s t o b e u s e d in e a c h
p h a s e o f th e w o r k .
M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , and o th e r r e c o r d s

CLERK,

c la s s ifie d

C la s s B .
U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n , fo ll o w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s an d s t a n d a r d iz e d p r o 
c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e r o u t in e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t io n s , s u c h a s p o s t in g to
le d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e id e n t ific a t io n o f it e m s an d lo c a t io n s o f p o s t in g s a r e
c le a r l y in d ic a t e d ; c h e c k in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p le t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d iz e d and r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s
o r a c c o u n t i n g d o c u m e n t s .; an d c o d i n g d o c u m e n t s u s i n g a f e w p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t i n g c o d e s .

OPERATOR

O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e
o f b u s in e s s tr a n s a c t io n s .

are

C la s s A .
U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s a c c o u n t i n g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s w h ic h
r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r ie n c e an d ju d g m e n t, f o r e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s in g c o m 
p lic a t e d o r n o n r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n t in g t r a n s a c t io n s , s e le c t in g a m o n g a s u b s ta n tia l v a r i e t y o f
p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c in g t r a n s a c t io n s t h r o u g h p r e v io u s
a c c o u n t in g a c t io n s to d e t e r m in e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s .
M ay b e a s siste d by one o r m o r e
c la s s B a c c o u n tin g c le r k s .

B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ) .
U s e s a b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h i n e (w it h o r w it h o u t
a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b il ls a s p a r t o f th e a c c o u n ts r e c e iv a b le o p e r a 
t io n . G e n e r a ll y in v o lv e s th e s im u lt a n e o u s e n t r y o f fig u r e s o n c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . T h e
m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s f ig u r e s o n a n u m b e r o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s
an d u s u a lly p r in t s a u t o m a t i c a lly th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a la n c e s .
D o e s n ot in v o lv e a k n o w l
ed g e o f b o o k k e e p in g .
W ork s fr o m
u n ifo r m and s ta n d a rd ty p e s o f s a le s an d c r e d it s lip s .
B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E

A C C O U N T I N G — C o n t in u e d
P o s itio n s

c l e r i c a l m e th o d s and o ffic e p r a c t ic e s and p r o c e d u r e s
r e c o r d i n g o f t r a n s a c t io n s and a c c o u n t in g in fo r m a t io n .
e s f a m i l i a r w it h t h e b o o k k e e p i n g a n d a c c o u n t i n g t e r m s
bu t is n ot r e q u ir e d t o h a v e a k n o w le d g e o f th e f o r m a l

CLERK , ORDER
R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e by m a il , p h o n e , o r p e r s o n a lly .
D u t ie s i n v o l v e a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Q u o t in g p r i c e s t o c u s t o m e r s ; m a k i n g o u t a n o r d e r
s h e e t li s t i n g th e it e m s t o m a k e up th e o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r i c e s an d q u a n titie s o f it e m s o n o r d e r
s h e e t ; a n d d i s t r i b u t i n g o r d e r s h e e t s t o r e s p e c t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s t o b e f i l l e d . M a y c h e c k w it h c r e d i t
d e p a r t m e n t to d e t e r m in e c r e d i t r a tin g o ( c u s t o m e r , a c k n o w le d g e r e c e i p t o f o r d e r s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ,
f o l l o w u p o r d e r s t o s e e th a t t h e y h a v e b e e n f i l l e d , k e e p f i l e o f o r d e r s r e c e i v e d , a n d c h e c k s h ip p i n g
i n v o i c e s w it h o r i g i n a l o r d e r s .
CLERK,

PAYROLL

C o m p u te s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s and e n te r s th e n e c e s s a r y d a ta on th e p a y r o ll
s h e e t s . D u t ie s i n v o l v e : C a l c u l a t i n g w o r k e r s ' e a r n i n g s b a s e d o n t i m e o r p r o d u c t i o n r e c o r d s : a n d
p o s t i n g c a l c u l a t e d d a t a o n p a y r o l l s h e e t , s h o w in g i n f o r m a t i o n s u c h a s w o r k e r ' s n a m e , w o r k i n g
d a y s , t im e , r a t e , d e d u c tio n s f o r in s u r a n c e , and to ta l w a g e s d u e . M a y m a k e o u t p a y c h e c k s and
a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k in g u p an d d is t r ib u t in g p a y e n v e l o p e s .
M a y u s e a c a lc u la t in g m a c h in e .

22

KEYPUNCH O PE RATO R

S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u ed

O p era tes a keypu n ch
ta b u la t in g c a r d s o r o n t a p e .

P o s itio n s

are

m a c h in e

c la s s ifie d

in to

to

record

le v e ls

or

o n th e

v e r ify

b a s is

a lp h a b e t ic

o f th e

a n d /o r

fo llo w in g

n u m e r ic

d a ta on

d e fin it io n s .

C la s s A .
W o r k r e q u i r e s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f e x p e r i e n c e a n d j u d g m e n t in s e l e c t i n g p r o c e 
d u r e s t o b e f o l l o w e d a n d in s e a r c h i n g f o r , i n t e r p r e t i n g , s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d i n g i t e m s t o b e
k e y p u n c h e d f r o m a v a r i e t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s . O n o c c a s iQ n m a y a l s o p e r f o r m s o m e r o u tin e
key pu n ch w o rk .
M a y tr a in in e x p e r ie n c e d k ey p u n ch o p e r a t o r s .

N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in t h e l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s f o l l o w i n g , r e f e r s t o
t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w h o h a v e a s i g n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e - w i d e p o l i c y m a k i n g r o l e w it h r e g a r d t o m a j o r
c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s . T h e t i t l e " v i c e p r e s i d e n t , " t h o u g h n o r m a l l y i n d i c a t i v e o f t h is r o l e , d o e s n o t
in a ll c a s e s i d e n t i f y s u c h p o s i t i o n s . V i c e p r e s i d e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s t o a c t p e r 
s o n a l l y o n in d i v i d u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t i o n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r d e n y i n d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ;
a d m in is t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y s u p e r v is e a c l e r i c a l s t a ff) a r e n o t c o n s id e r e d to b e
" c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f a p p l y in g th e f o l l o w i n g l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s .
C la s s

a ll,
C la s s B .
W o r k is r o u t in e an d r e p e t it iv e . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r f o ll o w in g s p e c i f i c
p r o c e d u r e s o r i n s t r u c t i o n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r i o u s s t a n d a r d i z e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s w h ic h h a v e
b e e n c o d e d , a n d f o l l o w s s p e c i f i e d p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l a n d r e q u i r e
li t t le o r n o s e le c t in g , c o d in g , o r in t e r p r e t in g o f d a ta to b e r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v is o r
p r o b le m s a r is in g fr o m e r r o n e o u s ite m s o r c o d e s o r m is s in g in fo r m a tio n .

M E S SE N G E R (O ffic e

B oy o r

A

1.
S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r
o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p lo y s ,

in

2.
S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n t h e c h a i r m a n o f t h e b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t )
o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 b u t f e w e r th a n 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r
3.
S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d , im m e d ia t e l y b e lo w th e c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r l e v e l ,
s e g m e n t o r s u b s i d i a r y o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s .
C la s s

G ir l)

o f a m a jo r

B

1.
S e c r e t a r y t o th e c h a ir m a n
f e w e r th a n 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

o f th e b o a r d

or

p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in

P e r f o r m s v a r i o u s r o u t i n e d u t i e s s u c h a s r u n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t i n g m i n o r o f f i c e m a 
c h in e s s u c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g an d d is t r ib u t in g m a il , and o t h e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k .
E x c l u d e p o s i t i o n s t h a t r e q u i r e o p e r a t i o n o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e a s a s i g n i f i c a n t d u ty .

a ll,

SECRETARY

3.
S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d , im m e d ia t e l y b e lo w th e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r e it h e r a m a j o r
c o r p o r a t e - w i d e fu n c t io n a l a c t iv it y ( e . g . , m a r k e t in g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t io n s , in d u s t r ia l r e l a 
t io n s , e t c .) o r a m a jo r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e .g ., a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r te r s ;
a m a j o r d i v i s i o n ) o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 b u t f e w e r th a n 2 5 , 0 0 0
e m p lo y e e s ; o r

A s s i g n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y t o o n e i n d i v i d u a l . M a in t a i n s a c l o s e a n d h i g h l y
r e s p o n s iv e r e la t io n s h ip to th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f th e s u p e r v is o r . W o r k s f a ir l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e 
c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e t a ile d s u p e r v is io n an d g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l
d u t i e s , u s u a l l y in c l u d i n g m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g :

a.
R e c e iv e s te le p h o n e c a l l s ,
p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , a n d in c o m in g
in q u i r e s , an d r o u t e s t e c h n ic a l in q u i r ie s to th e p r o p e r p e r s o n s ;
b.

E s ta b lis h e s ,

c.

M a in t a i n s t h e

m a in t a in s ,

and

r e v is e s

th e

s u p e r v i s o r 's

m a il,

a n sw ers

r o u tin e

2.
S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d
o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

4.
S e c r e t a r y t o t h e h e a d o f a n in d i v i d u a l p la n t , f a c t o r y ,
o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

d.

R e la y s

m essages

fro m

ca le n d a r

s u p e r v is o r

and m a k e s

to

file s ;

a p p o in tm e n ts

as

P e r fo r m s

s t e n o g r a p h ic

a n d ty p in g

C

in s tr u c te d ;

s u b o r d in a te s ;

e.
R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d u m s , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d
s u p e r v i s o r 's s i g n a t u r e t o a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l a n d t y p o g r a p h i c a c c u r a c y ;
f.

o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l

5.
S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f a l a r g e a n d i m p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m i d d l e
m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t o f t e n i n v o l v i n g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l
h u n d r e d p e r s o n s ) o r a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s .
C la s s

s u p e r v i s o r 's

e tc. (o r

o r p r e s id e n t)

by

oth ers

fo r

th e

1.
S e c r e t a r y t o an e x e c u t i v e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s n o t e q u iv a le n t
t o o n e o f t h e s p e c i f i c l e v e l s i t u a t i o n s in t h e d e f i n i t i o n f o r c l a s s B , b u t w h o s e o r g a n i z a t i o n a l
u n it n o r m a l l y n u m b e r s a t l e a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p l o y e e s a n d i s u s u a l l y d i v i d e d in t o o r g a n i z a 
t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w h ic h a r e o f t e n , in t u r n , f u r t h e r s u b d i v i d e d . In s o m e c o m p a n i e s , t h i s l e v e l
i n c l u d e s a w i d e r a n g e o f o r g a n i z a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s , o n l y o n e o r t w o ; or
2.
S e c r e t a r y t o t h e h e a d o f a n in d iv id u a l p la n t , f a c t o r y ,
o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r th a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s .

w ork .

M ay a ls o p e r fo r m o th e r c le r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b le n a tu re and d iffic u lty .
T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u ir e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f i c e r o u t in e an d u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e o r g a n i z a t io n ,
p r o g r a m s , an d p r o c e d u r e s r e la t e d to th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v is o r .

E x clu sio n s
N o t a l l p o s i t i o n s th a t a r e t i t l e d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s t h e a b o v e
o f p o s i t i o n s w h ic h a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e d e f i n i t i o n a r e a s f o l l o w s :

c h a r a c t e r is t ic s .

E x a m p le s

C la s s

e tc . (o r

o t h e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l

D

1.
S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v is o r o r h e a d
a b o u t 2 5 o r 3 0 p e r s o n s ) ; or

of a

s m a l l o r g a n i z a t i o n a l u n it ( e . g . ,

fe w e r th a n

2.
S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s t a ff s p e c i a lis t , p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is t r a 
t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s is t a n t , s k ille d te c h n ic ia n o r e x p e r t .
(N O T E :
M an y c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n
s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r th a n s e c r e t a r i e s a s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , t o t h i s l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r
n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r .)
STENOGRAPH ER

a.

P o s itio n s

w h ic h

b.

S ten ogra p h ers

c.
S ten ogra p h ers
m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ;

do

not

n o t fu lly
s e r v in g

m eet

th e

tr a in e d

in

as

o ffic e

"p e rso n a l"

secreta ry

s e c r e t a r ia l typ e

a s sista n ts

con cep t

d e sc r ib e d

above;

d u tie s ;

to a grou p

o f p r o fe s s io n a l, t e c h n ic a l,

or

d.
S e c r e t a r y p o s i t i o n s in w h ic h t h e d u t i e s a r e e i t h e r s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e r o u t i n e
s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e c o m p l e x a n d r e s p o n s i b l e th a n t h o s e c h a r a c t e r i z e d in t h e d e f i n i t i o n ;

or

P r i m a r y d u ty i s to ta k e d ic t a t io n u s in g s h o r th a n d , an d to t r a n s c r i b e th e d ic t a t io n . M a y
a l s o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y . M a y o p e r a t e f r o m a s t e n o g r a p h ic p o o l. M a y o c c a s i o n a l l y t r a n s c r i b e
f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d i n g s ( i f p r i m a r y d u ty i s t r a n s c r i b i n g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , s e e T r a n s c r i b i n g - M a c h i n e
O p e r a t o r , G e n e r a l).
N O T E : T h i s j o b i s d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r o m th a t o f a s e c r e t a r y in t h a t a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a l l y
w o r k s i n a c o n f i d e n t i a l r e l a t i o n s h i p w it h o n l y o n e m a n a g e r o r e x e c u t i v e a n d p e r f o r m s m o r e
r e s p o n s i b l e a n d d i s c r e t i o n a r y t a s k s a s d e s c r i b e d in t h e s e c r e t a r y j o b d e f i n i t i o n .
S te n o g ra p h e r,

e.
A s s i s t a n t t y p e p o s i t i o n s w h ic h i n v o l v e m o r e d i f f i c u l t o r m o r e
n i c a l , a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , s u p e r v i s o r y , o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l d u t ie s w h i c h
s e c r e t a r ia l w ork .




r e s p o n s ib le te c h 
a r e not ty p ic a l o f
or

23

G en eral

D ic t a t io n in v o lv e s a n o r m a l r o u t in e v o c a b u l a r y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s ,
p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y r o u t in e c l e r i c a l t a s k s .

k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s ,

S T E N O G R A P H E R — C on tin u ed
S ten ogra p h er,

or

T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R ( E l e c t r i c A c c o u n tin g M a ch in e O p e r a t o r )— C ontinued

S e n io r

P o s i t i o n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in t o l e v e l s o n t h e b a s i s o f t h e f o l l o w i n g d e f i n i t i o n s .

D i c t a t i o n i n v o l v e s a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s in l e g a l b r i e f s
r e p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h .
M a y a l s o s e t u p a n d m a in t a i n f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c .

C la s s A .
P e r f o r m s c o m p le t e r e p o r t in g a n d ta b u la tin g a s s ig n m e n t s in c lu d in g d e v is in g
d iffic u lt c o n t r o l p a n e l w ir in g u n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n .
A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e a
v a r i e t y o f l o n g a n d c o m p l e x r e p o r t s w h ic h o f t e n a r e i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g , r e q u i r i n g
s o m e p la n n in g o f t h e n a t u r e a n d s e q u e n c i n g o f o p e r a t i o n s , a n d t h e u s e o f a v a r i e t y o f m a 
c h in e s .
Is t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e d in t r a i n i n g n e w o p e r a t o r s in m a c h i n e o p e r a t i o n s o r t r a i n i n g
l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w i r i n g f r o m d i a g r a m s a n d in t h e o p e r a t i n g s e q u e n c e s o f lo n g a n d
c o m p le x r e p o r ts .
D o e s n o t i n c l u d e p o s i t i o n s in w h i c h w i r i n g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s l i m i t e d t o
s e le c t io n and in s e r tio n o f p r e w ir e d b o a r d s .

OR
P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u t ie s r e q u ir i n g s ig n i fic a n t ly g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n c e an d r e s p o n 
s ib il it y th a n s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l , a s e v i d e n c e d b y th e fo llo w in g :
W o r k r e q u i r e s a h ig h
d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and a c c u r a c y ; a t h o r o u g h w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s
an d o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e ; an d o f th e s p e c i f i c b u s in e s s o p e r a t io n s , o r g a n iz a t io n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e 
d u r e s , file s , w o r k flo w , e tc .
U s e s t h i s k n o w l e d g e in p e r f o r m i n g s t e n o g r a p h i c d u t i e s a n d
r e s p o n s ib l e c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s m a in t a in in g fo llo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b l in g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s ,
m e m o r a n d u m s , a n d l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s i n g s im p le l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l i n s t r u c t io n s ; r e a d in g and
r o u tin g in c o m i n g m a il ; an d a n s w e r in g r o u t in e q u e s t io n s , e t c .
S W IT C H B O A R D

OPERATOR

C l a s s A . O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n t e l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d h a n d lin g i n c o m i n g ,
o u t g o i n g , i n t r a p l a n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . P e r f o r m s f u ll t e l e p h o n e i n f o r m a t i o n s e r v i c e o r h a n d le s
c o m p l e x c a l l s , s u c h a s c o n f e r e n c e , c o l l e c t , o v e r s e a s , o r s i m i l a r c a l l s , e i t h e r in a d d i t i o n t o
d o in g r o u t in e w o r k a s d e s c r i b e d
fo r s w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r ,
c la s s B , o r a s a fu ll-t im e
a s s i g n m e n t . ( " F u l l " t e l e p h o n e i n f o r m a t i o n s e r v i c e o c c u r s w h e n th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a s v a r i e d
fu n c t io n s th a t a r e n o t r e a d ily u n d e r s t a n d a b le f o r t e le p h o n e in f o r m a t i o n p u r p o s e s , e . g . , b e c a u s e
o f o v e r la p p in g o r in t e r r e l a t e d f u n c t io n s , and c o n s e q u e n t ly p r e s e n t fr e q u e n t p r o b le m s a s to
w h ic h e x t e n s i o n s a r e a p p r o p r i a t e f o r c a l l s . )
C l a s s B . O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n t e l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d h a n d lin g i n c o m i n g ,
o u t g o i n g , i n t r a p l a n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . M a y h a n d le r o u t i n e l o n g d i s t a n c e c a l l s a n d r e c o r d t o l l s .
M a y p e r f o r m l i m it e d te le p h o n e in fo r m a t i o n s e r v i c e . ( " L i m i t e d " t e le p h o n e in fo r m a t i o n s e r v i c e
o c c u r s i f th e fu n c t io n s o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s e r v i c e d a r e r e a d ily u n d e r s t a n d a b le f o r te le p h o n e
i n f o r m a t i o n p u r p o s e s , o r i f t h e r e q u e s t s a r e r o u t i n e , e . g . , g i v in g e x t e n s i o n n u m b e r s w h e n
s p e c ific n am es a re
fu r n is h e d , o r i f c o m p le x
c a lls a r e r e fe r r e d
to a n o th e r o p e r a t o r .)
a s s is t

T h e s e c la s s if ic a t i o n s d o n ot in c lu d e
c u s t o m e r s in p l a c i n g c a l l s .

S W IT C H B O A R D

C la s s B .
P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d in g to e s t a b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and u n d e r s p e c if ic in 
s t r u c t io n s . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p ic a l ly in v o lv e c o m p le t e bu t r o u tin e an d r e c u r r i n g r e p o r t s o r p a r t s
o f la r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t s .
O p e r a t e s m o r e d i f f i c u l t t a b u la t in g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c 
c o u n t i n g m a c h i n e s s u c h a s t h e t a b u l a t o r a n d c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d i t i o n t o t h e s i m p l e r m a c h i n e s
u s e d b y c la s s C o p e r a t o r s . M a y b e r e q u ir e d t o d o s o m e w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s . M a y t r a in
n e w e m p l o y e e s in b a s i c m a c h i n e o p e r a t i o n s .

s w it c h b o a r d

o p era tors

in t e l e p h o n e

c o m p a n ie s

w ho

O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T

In a d d i t i o n t o p e r f o r m i n g d u t i e s o f o p e r a t o r o n a s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n o r m o n i t o r - t y p e s w i t c h 
b o a r d , a c t s a s r e c e p t i o n i s t an d m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u t in e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a r t o f r e g u la r
d u tie s .
T h i s t y p i n g o r c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y t a k e t h e m a j o r p a r t o f t h is w o r k e r ' s t i m e w h il e at
s w itc h b o a r d .
T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E

OPERATOR

C la s s C .
U n d e r s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t io n s , o p e r a t e s s im p le ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g
m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e s o r t e r , i n t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n c h , c o l l a t o r , e t c .
A s s ig n m e n ts
t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e p o r t i o n s o f a w o r k u n it , f o r e x a m p l e , in d i v i d u a l s o r t i n g o r c o l l a t i n g r u n s ,
o r r e p e t it iv e o p e r a t io n s . M a y p e r f o r m s im p le w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s , and d o s o m e filin g w o r k .
T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E

OPERATOR,

GENERAL

P r i m a r y d u ty i s t o t r a n s c r i b e d i c t a t i o n i n v o l v i n g a n o r m a l r o u t i n e v o c a b u l a r y f r o m
t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e r e c o r d s .
M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y an d d o s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k .
W o r k e r s t r a n s c r ib in g d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a v a r i e d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s
le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h a r e n o t in c lu d e d .
A w o r k e r w h o ta k e s d ic ta tio n
in s h o r t h a n d o r b y S t e n o t y p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h i n e i s c l a s s i f i e d a s a s t e n o g r a p h e r .
T Y P IS T
U s e s a t y p e w r ite r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m
t i o n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o t h e r p e r s o n . M a y in c l u d e
r i a l s f o r u s e in d u p l i c a t i n g p r o c e s s e s . M a y d o c l e r i c a l
a s k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , f il in g r e c o r d s a n d r e p o r t s ,

a t e r ia ls o r to m a k e out b ills a fte r c a lc u la 
t y p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e 
w o r k in v o lv in g li t t le s p e c i a l t r a in in g , s u ch
o r s o r t in g an d d is t r ib u t in g in c o m i n g m a il .

C la s s A .
P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : T y p i n g m a t e r i a l in f in a l f o r m w h e n
it i n v o l v e s c o m b i n i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e l l i n g ,
s y l l a b i c a t i o n , p u n c t u a t io n , e t c . , o f t e c h n i c a l o r u n u s u a l w o r d s o r f o r e i g n la n g u a g e m a t e 
r i a l ; o r p la n n in g l a y o u t a n d t y p i n g o f c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s t o m a i n t a i n u n i f o r m i t y
a n d b a l a n c e in s p a c i n g . M a y t y p e r o u t i n e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y i n g d e t a i l s t o s u it c i r c u m s t a n c e s .

( E l e c t r i c A c c o u n t in g M a c h in e O p e r a t o r )

O p e r a t e s o n e o r a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e ta b u la t o r , c a lc u l a t o r , c o l l a t o r , in t e r 
p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c i n g p u n c h , e t c . E x c l u d e d f r o m t h is d e f i n i t i o n a r e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s .
A ls o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f e le c t r o n i c d ig it a l c o m p u t e r s , e v e n th ou gh th e y m a y a ls o o p e r a t e
E A M e q u ip m e n t.

C la s s B .
P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
C o p y t y p in g f r o m
rough
d r a f t s ; o r r o u t i n e t y p in g o f f o r m s , i n s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ; o r s e t t i n g u p s i m p l e
t a b u la t io n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p le x t a b le s a lr e a d y s e t up and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y .

o r c le a r
sta n d a rd

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
COM PUTER

COM PUTER

OPERATOR

M o n i t o r s a n d o p e r a t e s th e c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r t o p r o c e s s d a t a a c c o r d i n g
t o o p e r a t i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s , u s u a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a p r o g r a m m e r . W o r k i n c l u d e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
S t u d i e s i n s t r u c t i o n s t o d e t e r m i n e e q u i p m e n t s e t u p a n d o p e r a t i o n s ; l o a d s e q u i p m e n t w it h r e q u i r e d
it e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c . ) ; s w it c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x i lia r y e q u ip m e n t in to c i r c u i t , an d s t a r t s
a n d o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s t m e n t s to c o m p u t e r to c o r r e c t o p e r a t in g p r o b le m s and m e e t
s p e c i a l c o n d it io n s ; r e v i e w s e r r o r s m a d e d u r in g o p e r a t io n an d d e t e r m in e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b le m
t o s u p e r v i s o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; a n d m a i n t a i n s o p e r a t i n g r e c o r d s . M a y t e s t a n d a s s i s t in c o r r e c t i n g
program .
F or

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O p e r a t e s u n d e r d i r e c t s u p e r v i s i o n a c o m p u t e r r u n n in g p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n t s o f p r o g r a m s
w it h t h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . M a y a s s i s t a h i g h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r b y i n d e 
p e n d e n tly p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g
d e t a i l e d i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d w it h f r e q u e n t r e v i e w o f o p e r a t i o n s p e r f o r m e d .

fo llo w s :

C la s s C .
W o r k s o n r o u tin e p r o g r a m s u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n .
Is e x p e c t e d t o d e v e l o p
w o r k i n g k n o w l e d g e o f t h e c o m p u t e r e q u i p m e n t u s e d a n d a b i l i t y t o d e t e c t p r o b l e m s i n v o l v e d in
r u n n in g r o u t i n e p r o g r a m s . U s u a l l y h a s r e c e i v e d s o m e f o r m a l t r a i n i n g in c o m p u t e r o p e r a t i o n .
M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r le v e l o p e r a t o r on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s .

C la s s A .
O p e r a t e s i n d e p e n d e n t l y , o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r r u n n in g
p r o g r a m s w it h m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s :
N ew p r o g r a m s a r e fr e q u e n tly t e s t e d
a n d in t r o d u c e d ; s c h e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n t s a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e to m in i m iz e d o w n tim e ;
t h e p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p l e x d e s i g n s o th a t i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o f t e n r e q u i r e s a
w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e to ta l p r o g r a m , and a lt e r n a t e p r o g r a m s m a y n o t b e a v a i la b l e . M a y
g iv e d ir e c t io n and g u id a n c e t o lo w e r le v e l o p e r a t o r s .
C la s s B .
O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n t l y , o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r r u n n in g
p r o g r a m s w it h m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t o f th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b l i s h e d
p r o d u c t i o n r u n s , t y p i c a l l y ru n o n a r e g u l a r l y r e c u r r i n g b a s i s ; t h e r e i s l i t t l e o r n o t e s t i n g




O P E R A T O R — C o n t in u e d

o f n e w p r o g r a m s r e q u i r e d ; a l t e r n a t e p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v i d e d in c a s e o r i g i n a l p r o g r a m n e e d s
m a j o r c h a n g e o r c a n n o t b e c o r r e c t e d w it h in a r e a s o n a b l e t i m e .
In c o m m o n e r r o r s i t u a 
t io n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e and t a k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c t io n . T h is u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v io u s ly
p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s t e p s , o r u s in g s ta n d a r d c o r r e c t i o n t e c h n iq u e s .

COM PUTER

PROGRAM M ER,

B U S IN E S S

C o n v e r t s s t a t e m e n t s o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p i c a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a s y s t e m s a n a ly s t , in t o a
s e q u e n c e o f d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h a r e r e q u ir e d t o s o l v e th e p r o b le m s b y a u t o m a t ic d a ta p r o c 
e s s i n g e q u i p m e n t . W o r k in g f r o m c h a r t s o r d i a g r a m s , t h e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e l o p s t h e p r e c i s e i n 
s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h , w h e n e n t e r e d in t o t h e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d l a n g u a g e , c a u s e t h e m a n i p u l a t i o n

24

C O M PU TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y ST ,

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS— C o n tin u ed
o f d a ta t o a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u lt s .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f
c o m p u t e r c a p a b ili t ie s , m a t h e m a t ic s , l o g ic e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t ic u la r s u b je c t m a t t e r
in v o lv e d t o a n a ly z e c h a r t s an d d ia g r a m s o f th e p r o b l e m t o b e p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e
o f p r o g r a m s t e p s ; w r i t e s d e t a i l e d f l o w c h a r t s t o s h o w o r d e r in w h ic h d a ta w i l l b e p r o c e s s e d ;
c o n v e r t s t h e s e c h a r t s t o c o d e d in s t r u c t io n s f o r m a c h in e t o f o llo w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ;
p r e p a r e s i n s t r u c t i o n s f o r o p e r a t i n g p e r s o n n e l d u r in g p r o d u c t i o n r u n ; a n a l y z e s , r e v i e w s , a n d a l t e r s
p r o g r a m s t o i n c r e a s e o p e r a t in g e f f i c i e n c y o r a d a p t t o n e w r e q u ir e m e n t s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f
p r o g r a m d e v e lo p m e n t an d r e v is io n s .
(N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o t h s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s a n d p r o 
g r a m m i n g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d a s s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s i f t h i s i s t h e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e i r p a y .)

M a y p r o v id e
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C l a s s A . W o r k s i n d e p e n d e n t l y o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s w h ic h
r e q u i r e c o m p e t e n c e in a l l p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m i n g c o n c e p t s a n d p r a c t i c e s .
W o r k in g f r o m d ia 
g r a m s a n d c h a r t s w h ic h id e n t ify th e n a tu r e o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a jo r p r o c e s s i n g s t e p s t o b e
a c c o m p l i s h e d , an d th e r e la t i o n s h i p s b e tw e e n v a r i o u s s t e p s o f th e p r o b l e m s o lv in g r o u t in e ;
p la n s t h e f u l l r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m i n g a c t i o n s n e e d e d t o e f f i c i e n t l y u t i l i z e t h e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m
in a c h i e v i n g d e s i r e d e n d p r o d u c t s .

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le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s .

D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib l e f o r th e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n
o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w it h
s c ie n t if i c o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s .
sy ste m s

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C l a s s C . P r e p a r e s d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f s i n g l e u n it s o r p a r t s f o r e n g i n e e r i n g , c o n s t r u c t i o n ,
m a n u fa c t u r in g , o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s . T y p e s o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t i o n s
(d e p ic t in g t h r e e d im e n s io n s in a c c u r a t e s c a le ) a n d s e c t io n a l v ie w s to c l a r i f y p o s it io n in g o f
c o m p o n e n t s and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a t io n . C o n s o lid a t e s d e t a ils fr o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s
a n d a d ju s t s o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a l e a s r e q u ir e d .
S u g g e s te d m e th o d s o f a p p r o a c h , a p p lic a b le
p r e c e d e n t s , a n d a d v i c e o n s o u r c e m a t e r i a l s a r e g i v e n w it h i n i t i a l a s s i g n m e n t s . I n s t r u c t i o n s
a r e le s s c o m p le te w h en a s s ig n m e n ts r e c u r .
W o r k m a y b e s p o t - c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .
DR A FTSM A N - TR A C E R
C o p ie s p la n s a n d d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s b y p la c in g t r a c in g c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r
d r a w i n g s a n d t r a c i n g w it h p e n o r p e n c i l .
( D o e s n o t i n c l u d e t r a c i n g l i m i t e d t o p la n s p r i m a r i l y
c o n s is t in g o f s t r a ig h t li n e s a n d a la r g e s c a l e n ot r e q u ir i n g c l o s e d e lin e a t io n .)
A N D /O R
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fo llo w s :

C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on c o m p l e x p r o b le m s in 
v o lv in g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s t e m a n a ly s is .
P r o b le m s a r e c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f
in p u t d a t a a n d m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f o u tp u t d a t a . ( F o r e x a m p l e , d e v e l o p s a n i n t e g r a t e d
p r o d u c t i o n s c h e d u l i n g , i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a l y s i s , a n d s a l e s a n a l y s i s r e c o r d in w h i c h




who

C la s s B . P e r f o r m s n o n r o u t in e a n d c o m p l e x d r a ft in g a s s ig n m e n t s th a t r e q u ir e th e a p p l i
c a t io n o f m o s t o f th e s t a n d a r d iz e d d r a w in g te c h n iq u e s r e g u l a r ly u s e d .
D u t ie s t y p i c a l l y i n 
v o lv e su ch w o rk a s:
P r e p a r e s w o r k i n g d r a w i n g s o f s u b a s s e m b l i e s w it h i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s ,
m u lt ip le fu n c t io n s , an d p r e c is e p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n c o m p o n e n t s ; p r e p a r e s a r c h i
t e c t u r a l d r a w i n g s f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a b u il d i n g i n c l u d i n g d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f f o u n d a t i o n s , w a ll
s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p l a n s , a n d r o o f . U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u l a s a n d m a n u a ls in m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y
c o m p u t a t io n s to d e t e r m in e q u a n t it ie s o f m a t e r ia l s to b e u s e d , lo a d c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s ,
s tr e s s e s , e tc.
R e c e iv e s in it ia l in s t r u c t io n s , r e q u ir e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m
s u p e r v is o r .
C o m p le t e d w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y .

A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s t o fo r m u la t e p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g th e m b y u s e o f e le c t r o n i c
d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t.
D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f a l l s p e c i f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d t o e n a b le
program m ers
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program s.
W ork
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fo llo w in g :
A n a ly z e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s t o b e a u to m a te d and id e n t ifie s c o n d it io n s an d
c r it e r i a r e q u ir e d t o a c h ie v e s a t is f a c t o r y r e s u lt s ; s p e c i f ie s n u m b e r a n d ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , an d
d o c u m e n t s t o b e u s e d ; o u t l i n e s a c t i o n s t o b e p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l a n d c o m p u t e r s in s u f f i c i e n t
d e t a il f o r p r e s e n t a t i o n t o m a n a g e m e n t a n d f o r p r o g r a m m in g (t y p ic a l ly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a t i o n o f
w o r k a n d d a t a f l o w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d i n a t e s t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s a n d p a r t i c i p a t e s in t r i a l
r u n s o f n e w a n d r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; a n d r e c o m m e n d s e q u i p m e n t c h a n g e s t o o b t a in m o r e e f f e c t i v e
o v e r a ll o p e r a tio n s .
( N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o t h s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s a n d p r o g r a m m i n g s h o u ld
b e c l a s s i f i e d a s s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s i f t h i s i s t h e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e i r p a y .)

stu d y p u r p o s e s ,

a n a ly s ts

C la s s A .
P la n s th e g r a p h ic p r e s e n t a t i o n o f c o m p le x it e m s h a v in g d is t in c t iv e d e s ig n
f e a t u r e s th a t d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m e s t a b l i s h e d d r a f t i n g p r e c e d e n t s . W o r k s in c l o s e s u p 
p o r t w it h t h e d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r , a n d m a y r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d e s i g n c h a n g e s .
A n a ly z e s th e
e f f e c t o f e a c h c h a n g e on th e d e t a ils o f f o r m , fu n c tio n , an d p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s o f c o m 
p o n e n ts and p a r t s .
W o r k s w it h a m i n i m u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e .
C o m p le te d w o r k is
r e v i e w e d b y d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y w it h p r i o r e n g i n e e r i n g d e t e r m i n a t i o n s .
M ay
e it h e r p r e p a r e d r a w in g s , o r d ir e c t t h e ir p r e p a r a t io n b y lo w e r le v e l d r a ft s m e n .

C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , B U S IN E S S

w age

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DRAFTSM AN

C la s s C .
M a k e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a t io n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t ic e s a n d c o n c e p t s u s u a lly
l e a r n e d in f o r m a l t r a i n i n g c o u r s e s .
A s s i g n m e n t s a r e d e s i g n e d t o d e v e l o p c o m p e t e n c e in t h e
a p p lic a t io n o f s t a n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s t o r o u t in e p r o b l e m s .
R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n on n e w
a s p e c t s o f a s s i g n m e n t s ; a n d w o r k i s r e v i e w e d t o v e r i f y i t s a c c u r a c y a n d c o n f o r m a n c e w it h
r e q u ir e d p r o c e d u r e s .

F or

le v e l

a s sig n e d to a s s is t.

OR

or

lo w e r

C la s s C . W o r k s u n d e r im m e d ia t e s u p e r v is io n , c a r r y i n g o u t a n a ly s e s a s a s s i g n e d , u s u a lly
o f a s in g le a c t iv it y .
A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and ex p a n d p r a c t ic a l e x p e r ie n c e
in th e a p p l i c a t i o n o f p r o c e d u r e s a n d s k i l l s r e q u i r e d f o r s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s w o r k . F o r e x a m p l e ,
m a y a s s i s t a h ig h e r le v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r i n g th e d e t a ile d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s r e q u ir e d
b y p r o g r a m m e r s f r o m in f o r m a t io n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r le v e l a n a ly s t .

W o r k s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A ) u n d e r c l o s e d ir e c t io n o f a h ig h e r
le v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r .
M a y a s s i s t h i g h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n t l y p e r 
fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d , an d p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt ta s k s u n d e r fa ir l y c lo s e
d ir e c tio n .
g u id e

to

OR

C la s s B .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t l y o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e
p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n t s o f c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s .
P r o g r a m s (o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly
p r o c e s s i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r o d u c e d a t a in t w o o r t h r e e v a r i e d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s .
R ep orts
an d li s t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d b y r e f in i n g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y i n g , o r m a k in g m in o r a d d it io n s t o o r
d e l e t i o n s f r o m in p u t d a ta w h i c h a r e r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e .
W h ile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y b e
p r o c e s s e d , t h e d a t a h a v e b e e n r e f i n e d in p r i o r a c t i o n s s o t h a t t h e a c c u r a c y a n d s e q u e n c i n g
o f d a ta c a n b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a fe w r o u t in e c h e c k s .
T y p i c a l l y , t h e p r o g r a m d e a l s w it h
r o u tin e r e c o r d - k e e p i n g t y p e o p e r a t io n s .

M ay

d ir e c tio n

W o r k s on a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p le x d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e o r s y s t e m , a s d e s c r i b e d f o r
c l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t l y o n r o u t i n e a s s i g n m e n t s a n d r e c e i v e s i n s t r u c t i o n a n d g u i d a n c e
on c o m p le x a s sig n m e n ts .
W o r k i s r e v i e w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f j u d g m e n t , c o m p l i a n c e w it h
i n s t r u c t i o n s , a n d t o i n s u r e p r o p e r a l i g n m e n t w it h t h e o v e r a l l s y s t e m .

A t t h i s l e v e l , p r o g r a m m i n g i s d i f f i c u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t m u s t b e o r g a n i z e d t o
p r o d u c e s e v e r a l i n t e r r e l a t e d b u t d i v e r s e p r o d u c t s f r o m n u m e r o u s a n d d i v e r s e d a ta e l e m e n t s .
A w id e v a r i e t y a n d e x t e n s i v e n u m b e r o f i n t e r n a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t i o n s m u s t o c c u r . T h i s r e q u i r e s
s u c h a c t io n s a s d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w h ic h c a n b e r e u s e d , e s t a b lis h m e n t o f
l i n k a g e p o i n t s b e t w e e n o p e r a t i o n s , a d j u s t m e n t s t o d a ta w h e n p r o g r a m r e q u i r e m e n t s e x c e e d
c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y , a n d s u b s t a n t i a l m a n i p u l a t i o n a n d r e s e q u e n c i n g o f d a ta e l e m e n t s
t o f o r m a h ig h ly in t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m .
M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l d ir e c t io n t o lo w e r

fu n c tio n a l

C la s s B .
W o r k s i n d e p e n d e n t l y o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n p r o b l e m s th a t a r e
r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p l i c a t e d t o a n a l y z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , a n d o p e r a t e . P r o b l e m s a r e o f l i m i t e d
c o m p l e x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f in p u t d a t a a r e h o m o g e n e o u s a n d t h e o u t p u t d a t a a r e c l o s e l y
r e la te d .
( F o r e x a m p l e , d e v e l o p s s y s t e m s f o r m a i n t a i n i n g d e p o s i t o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k ,
m a i n t a i n i n g a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e in a r e t a i l e s t a b l i s h m e n t , o r m a i n t a i n i n g i n v e n t o r y a c c o u n t s
in a m a n u f a c t u r i n g o r w h o l e s a l e e s t a b l i s h m e n t . ) C o n f e r s w it h p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m i n e
th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s a n d a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l o n th e im p li c a t io n s o f th e
d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s to b e a p p lie d .

D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r il y r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f
o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w it h s c i e n t i f i c
a n d /o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s .
F or

BUSINESS— C on tin u ed

e v e r y it e m o f e a c h ty p e is a u t o m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th r o u g h th e f u ll s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s an d
a p p r o p r i a t e f o l l o w u p a c t i o n s a r e i n i t i a t e d b y t h e c o m p u t e r . ) C o n f e r s w it h p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o
d e t e r m in e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s an d a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p li c a 
t io n s o f n e w o r r e v is e d s y s t e m s o f d a ta p r o c e s s in g o p e r a t io n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t io n s , if
n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s i n s t a l l a t i o n s o r c h a n g e s a n d f o r o b t a in i n g e q u ip m e n t .

W o r k s o n v a r i o u s t y p e s o f e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t a n d r e la t e d d e v i c e s b y p e r f o r m in g o n e
o r a c o m b in a t i o n o f th e f o ll o w in g : I n s t a llin g , m a in t a in in g , r e p a ir in g , o v e r h a u l in g , t r o u b le s h o o t in g ,
m o d ify in g , c o n s t r u c t in g , and t e s t in g . W o rk r e q u ir e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a t io n o f t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e
o f e l e c t r o n i c s p r i n c i p l e s , a b i l i t y t o d e t e r m i n e m a l f u n c t i o n s , a n d s k i l l t o p u t e q u i p m e n t in r e q u i r e d
o p e r a t in g c o n d it io n .

25

E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C on tin u ed

E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C on tin u ed

T h e e q u ip m e n t— c o n s i s t i n g o f e it h e r m a n y d if f e r e n t k in d s o f c i r c u i t s o r m u lt ip le r e p e t it io n
o f t h e s a m e k i n d o f c i r c u i t — i n c l u d e s , b u t i s n o t l i m i t e d t o , t h e f o l l o w i n g : (a ) E l e c t r o n i c t r a n s 
m it t in g a n d r e c e i v i n g e q u ip m e n t ( e . g . , r a d a r , r a d io , t e l e v i s i o n , t e le p h o n e , s o n a r , n a v ig a t io n a l
a i d s ) , (b ) d ig i t a l a n d a n a lo g c o m p u t e r s , and ( c ) in d u s t r ia l a n d m e d i c a l m e a s u r in g a n d c o n t r o ll in g
e q u ip m e n t.

R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u ir e d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n ,
a n d w o r k i s r e v i e w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p l i a n c e w it h a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s a n d w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s .
M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e to lo w e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .
C la s s C .
A p p l i e s w o r k i n g t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e t o p e r f o r m s i m p l e o r r o u t i n e t a s k s in
w o r k in g o n e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t , f o ll o w in g d e t a ile d i n s t r u c t io n s w h ic h c o v e r v i r t u a lly a ll
p rocedu res.
W o rk t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s su ch ta s k s a s :
A s s is t in g h ig h e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s b y
p e r f o r m in g s u c h a c t i v i t i e s a s r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir i n g c i r c u i t s , a n d ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ;
r e p a ir in g s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t; an d u s in g t o o l s a n d c o m m o n t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ( e . g . ,
m u l t i m e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) .
Is n o t r e q u i r e d t o b e
f a m i l i a r w it h t h e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c i r c u i t s . T h i s k n o w l e d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u i r e d
t h r o u g h a s s i g n m e n t s d e s i g n e d t o i n c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e ( i n c l u d i n g c l a s s r o o m t r a i n i n g ) s o th a t
w o r k e r ca n a d v a n c e t o h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n .

T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c l u d e s r e p a ir m e n o f s u c h s ta n d a r d e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t a s c o m m o n
o f f ic e m a c h in e s an d h o u s e h o ld r a d io an d t e le v is io n s e t s ; p r o d u c t io n a s s e m b l e r s an d t e s t e r s ; w o r k 
e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u ty i s s e r v ic i n g e le c t r o n i c t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ; te c h n ic ia n s w h o h a v e a d m in is 
tr a tiv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y ; and d r a fts m e n ,
d e s i g n e r s , and p r o fe s s io n a l e n g in e e r s .
P o s itio n s

are

c la s s ifie d

in to

le v e ls

o n th e

b a s is

o f th e

fo llo w in g

d e fin itio n s .

C la s s A .
A p p l ie s a d v a n c e d t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e t o s o l v e u n u s u a lly c o m p l e x p r o b le m s
( i . e . , t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y c a n n o t b e s o l v e d s o l e l y b y r e f e r e n c e t o m a n u f a c t u r e r s 1 m a n u a l s o r
s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k i n g o n e l e c t r o n i c e q u i p m e n t . E x a m p l e s o f s u c h p r o b l e m s i n c l u d e
lo c a t io n and d e n s ity o f c ir c u i t r y , e le c t r o - m a g n e t ic r a d ia t io n , is o la t in g m a lfu n c t io n s , and
fr e q u e n t e n g i n e e r in g c h a n g e s . W o r k in v o lv e s : A d e t a ile d u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e i n t e r r e l a t i o n 
s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g in d e p e n d e n t ju d g m e n t in p e r f o r m i n g s u c h t a s k s a s m a k in g c i r c u i t
a n a l y s e s , c a l c u l a t i n g w a v e f o r m s , t r a c i n g r e l a t i o n s h i p s in s i g n a l f l o w ; a n d r e g u l a r l y u s i n g
c o m p l e x t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ( e . g . , d u a l t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia t io n m e t e r s , p u ls e
g e n e ra to rs ).

R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n .
W o r k is t y p ic a lly s p o t c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e t a ile d r e v ie w w h en n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n t s
a r e in v o lv e d .

N U RSE,

IN D U S T R IA L

(R e g is te r e d ) .

A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g i v e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d i c a l d i r e c t i o n t o i l l o r
in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r s u f f e r an a c c id e n t o n th e p r e m is e s o f a
f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . D u t ie s i n v o l v e a c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g :
G i v i n g f i r s t a id
t o t h e i l l o r i n j u r e d ; a t t e n d in g t o s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e s ' i n j u r i e s ; k e e p i n g r e c o r d s
o f p a t i e n t s t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r i n g a c c i d e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t i o n o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t i n g in
p h y s i c a l e x a m i n a t i o n s a n d h e a l t h e v a l u a t i o n s o f a p p l i c a n t s a n d e m p l o y e e s ; a n d p la n n in g a n d c a r r y 
in g o u t p r o g r a m s i n v o l v i n g h e a lt h e d u c a t i o n , a c c i d e n t p r e v e n t i o n , e v a l u a t i o n o f p la n t e n v i r o n m e n t ,
o r o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a ffe c t in g th e h e a lth , w e l f a r e , a n d s a fe t y o f a l l p e r s o n n e l . N u r s in g s u p e r v i s o r s
o r h e a d n u r s e s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e t h a n o n e n u r s e a r e e x c l u d e d .

W o rk m a y b e r e v ie w e d b y s u p e r v is o r (fr e q u e n t ly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l
c o m p l i a n c e w it h a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s . M a y p r o v i d e t e c h n i c a l g u i d a n c e t o l o w e r l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n s .
C la s s B.
A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e t o s o lv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i .e .,
t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y c a n b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y p r o p e r l y in t e r p r e t in g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r
s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k in g o n e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s :
A f a m i l i a r i t y w ith
th e i n t e r r e l a t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; an d ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m in in g w o r k s e q u e n c e an d in s e le c t in g

t o o ls and te s t in g in s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p le x than th o s e u se d b y the c l a s s A t e c h n ic ia n .

MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT
CARPENTER,

F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y

M A IN T E N A N C E

P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t a n d m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a i r b u il d 
in g w o o d w o r k a n d e q u i p m e n t s u c h a s b i n s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s ,
s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , an d t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g a n d la y in g o u t o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t io n s ; u s in g a
v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o l s , p o r t a b l e p o w e r t o o l s , a n d s t a n d a r d m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; m a k 
in g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o d i m e n s i o n s o f w o r k ; a n d s e l e c t i n g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y
f o r th e w o r k .
In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d
e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e .

E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E
P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e f u n c t io n s s u c h a s th e in s t a ll a t io n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r
r e p a i r o f e q u i p m e n t f o r t h e g e n e r a t i o n , d i s t r i b u t i o n , o r u t i l i z a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in a n e s t a b 
lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g a n y o f a v a r i e t y o f e l e c 
t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s ,
m o t o r s , h e a tin g u n its , c o n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o t h e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e 
p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , l a y o u t s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s : l o c a t i n g a n d d i a g n o s i n g t r o u b l e in t h e e l e c t r i c a l
s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k in g s t a n d a r d ' c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t i n g to lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f w ir in g o r
e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t ; a n d u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d t o o l s a n d m e a s u r i n g a n d t e s t i n g
in s t r u m e n t s .
In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d
e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e .

E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y
O p e r a t e s an d m a in t a in s a n d m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e o p e r a t io n o f s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s an d
e q u i p m e n t ( m e c h a n i c a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) t o s u p p l y t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h ic h e m p l o y e d w it h p o w e r ,
h e a t, r e fr ig e r a t io n , o r a ir -c o n d it io n in g .
W ork in v o lv e s :
O p e r a t in g a n d m a in t a in in g e q u ip m e n t
s u c h a s s t e a m e n g i n e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n t ila t in g a n d r e f r i g 
e r a t in g e q u ip m e n t , s t e a m b o i l e r s a n d b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and
k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , a n d fu e l c o n s u m p t io n . M a y a ls o s u 
p e r v is e th e s e o p e r a tio n s .
H e a d o r c h i e f e n g i n e e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e t h a n o n e
e n g in e e r a r e e x clu d e d .




B O IL E R

F i r e s s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r s t o f u r n i s h t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t i n w h i c h e m p l o y e d w it h h e a t , p o w e r ,
o r s t e a m . F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e b y h a n d o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and
c h e c k s w a te r and s a fe ty v a lv e s .
M a y c l e a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a i r i n g b o i l e r r o o m e q u i p m e n t .

H ELPER,

M A IN T E N A N C E

TRADES

A s s i s t s o n e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in th e s k il le d m a in t e n a n c e t r a d e s , b y p e r f o r m in g s p e c i f i c
o r g e n e r a l d u t i e s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h a s k e e p i n g a w o r k e r s u p p l i e d w it h m a t e r i a l s a n d t o o l s ;
c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e , an d e q u ip m e n t ; a s s i s t i n g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r ia l s o r
t o o l s ; an d p e r f o r m in g o t h e r u n s k ille d t a s k s a s d ir e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n .
T h e k in d o f w o r k th e
h e l p e r i s p e r m i t t e d t o p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e t o t r a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s t h e h e l p e r i s c o n f i n e d
t o s u p p l y i n g , l i f t i n g , a n d h o l d i n g m a t e r i a l s a n d t o o l s , a n d c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g a r e a s : a n d in o t h e r s
h e is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m
s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th a t a r e a ls o
p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is .

M A C H I N E -T O O L

OPERATOR,

TOOLROOM

S p e c i a liz e s in th e o p e r a t io n o f o n e o r m o r e t y p e s o f m a c h in e t o o l s , s u c h a s j i g b o r e r s ,
c y lin d r ic a l o r s u r fa c e g r in d e r s ,
e n g i n e l a t h e s , o r m i l l i n g m a c h i n e s , in t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f
m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , g a u g e s , j i g s , f i x t u r e s , o r d i e s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n i n g
and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s ; p r o c e s s in g it e m s r e q u ir in g c o m p lic a t e d s e tu p s o r
a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s ,
s p e e d s , t o o l i n g , a n d o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e ; a n d m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s d u r in g o p e r a t io n
to a c h ie v e r e q u is ite t o le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s .
M a y b e r e q u ir e d to r e c o g n iz e w h en to o ls n eed
d r e s s i n g , t o d r e s s t o o l s , a n d t o s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s a n d c u ttin g a n d lu b r i c a t in g o i l s .
For
c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s t u d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m , in t o o l a n d d i e j o b b i n g
s h o p s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E
P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s a n d n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l
e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in a n e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r itte n
i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; p la n n in g a n d l a y i n g o u t o f w o r k ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t ' s

26

M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E — C on tin u ed

P A IN T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E

h a n d t o o ls a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e ttin g up a n d o p e r a t in g s ta n d a r d m a c h in e t o o l s ;
s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s t o c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t i n g t o d im e n 
s io n s o f w o r k , t o o li n g , f e e d s , an d s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f
th e c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e le c t in g s t a n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , an d e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r h is w o r k ;
a n d f it t in g a n d a s s e m b l in g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t .
In g e n e r a l , t h e m a c h i n i s t ' s w o r k
n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g , an d e x p e r ie n c e .

P a in ts a n d r e d e c o r a t e s w a ll s , w o o d w o r k , and fix t u r e s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in v o lv e s
t h e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w l e d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s a n d t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u i r e d f o r d i f f e r e n t a p p l i c a 
t i o n s ; p r e p a r i n g s u r f a c e f o r p a in t in g b y r e m o v i n g o l d f i n i s h o r b y p l a c i n g p u t t y o r f i l l e r in n a il
h o l e s a n d i n t e r s t i c e s ; a n d a p p l y i n g p a in t w it h s p r a y g u n o r b r u s h . M a y m i x c o l o r s , o i l s , w h it e
l e a d , a n d o t h e r p a in t i n g r e d i e n t s t o o b t a i n p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f th e
m a in t e n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e .
P IP E F IT T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E

M E C H A N IC ,

A U T O M O T IV E

(M a in te n a n c e )

R e p a ir s a u t o m o b il e s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , an d t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in 
v o l v e s m o s t _ o f_ t h e _ fq llo w in g : E x a m in in g a u t o m o t iv e e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d i s 
a s s e m b l i n g e q u i p m e n t a n d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t i n v o l v e t h e u s e o f s u c h h a n d t o o l s a s w r e n c h e s ,
g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d is a s s e m b li n g o r fit t in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r
d e f e c t i v e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r i n d i n g a n d a d ju s t i n g v a l v e s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g a n d i n s t a l l i n g t h e v a r i o u s
a s s e m b l i e s in t h e v e h i c l e a n d m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s ; a n d a l i g n i n g w h e e l s , a d ju s t i n g b r a k e s
a n d l i g h t s , o r t i g h t e n i n g b o d y b o l t s . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e a u t o m o t i v e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s
r o u n d e d t r a in i n g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t
t r a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e .

m o b ile

T h is c la s s if ic a t i o n
r e p a ir s h o p s .

does

n o t in c lu d e m e c h a n ic s

who

r e p a ir

I n s t a l l s o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r t y p e s o f p i p e a n d p i p e f i t t i n g s in a n
e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L a y in g o u t o f w o r k a n d m e a s u r in g to lo c a t e
p o s i t i o n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w i n g s o r o t h e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; c u t t in g v a r i o u s s i z e s o f p i p e t o
c o r r e c t le n g t h s w it h c h i s e l a n d h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y l e n e t o r c h o r p i p e - c u t t i n g m a c h i n e s ; t h r e a d i n g
p i p e w it h s t o c k s a n d d i e s ; b e n d in g p i p e b y h a n d - d r i v e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h i n e s ; a s s e m b l i n g
p i p e w it h c o u p l i n g s a n d f a s t e n i n g p ip e t o h a n g e r s ; m a k i n g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o
p r e s s u r e s , f l o w , a n d s i z e o f p ip e r e q u i r e d ; a n d m a k i n g s t a n d a r d t e s t s t o d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r f i n 
is h e d p ip e s m e e t s p e c i f ic a t io n s .
In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e p i p e f i t t e r r e q u i r e s
r o u n d e d t r a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t
t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . W o r k e r s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in i n s t a l l i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g b u il d i n g s a n it a t io n
o r h e a t in g s y s t e m s a r e e x c l u d e d .

c u s t o m e r s ' v e h i c l e s in a u t o 
S H E E T -M E T A L

M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E
R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t
o f th e f o llo w in g :
E x a m in in g m a c h in e s an d m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ;
d i s m a n t l i n g o r p a r t l y d i s m a n t l i n g m a c h i n e s a n d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t m a i n l y i n v o l v e t h e u s e
o f h a n d t o o l s in s c r a p i n g a n d f i t t i n g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s w it h i t e m s o b t a i n e d
f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f a r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h i n e s h o p o r s e n d i n g o f th e
m a c h in e to a m a c h in e s h o p f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r i n g w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a ir s
o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f p a r ts o r d e r e d fr o m m a c h in e s h o p ; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g
a l l n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s f o r o p e r a t i o n . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f a m a i n t e n a n c e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s
r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t
tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e .
E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u tie s
i n v o l v e s e t t i n g u p o r a d ju s t i n g m a c h i n e s .

M IL L W R IG H T
I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t , a n d d is m a n t le s a n d in s t a ll s m a c h in e s o r h e a v y
e q u ip m e n t w h e n c h a n g e s in t h e p la n t l a y o u t a r e r e q u i r e d . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n i n g a n d l a y i n g o u t o f t h e w o r k ; i n t e r p r e t i n g b l u e p r i n t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y
o f h a n d to o ls a n d r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g t o s t r e s s e s , s tr e n g th o f
m a t e r i a l s , an d c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g an d b a la n c in g o f e q u ip m e n t; s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d t o o l s ,
e q u i p m e n t , a n d p a r t s t o b e u s e d ; a n d i n s t a l l i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n
e q u i p m e n t s u c h a s d r i v e s a n d s p e e d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l , t h e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s
a r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e in t h e t r a d e a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r
e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e .

W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E

F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , a n d m a i n t a i n s in g o o d r e p a i r t h e s h e e t - m e t a l e q u ip m e n t a n d f i x t u r e s
(s u c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e lv e s , lo c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t ila t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e ta l
r o o f in g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o ll o w in g :
P la n n i n g a n d l a y i n g o u t a l l
t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a i n t e n a n c e w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; s e t t in g
u p a n d o p e r a t i n g a l l a v a i l a b l e t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e s ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o ls
in c u t t i n g , b e n d in g , f o r m i n g , s h a p i n g , f i t t i n g , a n d a s s e m b l i n g ; a n d i n s t a l l i n g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s
a s r e q u ir e d .
In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d
tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g
and e x p e r ie n c e .
TO O L AND

D IE

MAKER

C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a ir s m a c h in e -s h o p t o o ls , g a u g e s , jig s , fix t u r e s o r d ie s f o r fo r g in g s ,
p u n c h in g , a n d o t h e r m e t a l - f o r m i n g w o r k .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o ll o w in g :
P la n n i n g a n d
la y in g o u t o f w o r k f r o m m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r o t h e r o r a l a n d w r it t e n s p e c i f ic a t io n s ;
u s in g a v a r i e t y o f t o o l a n d d ie m a k e r 's h a n d to o ls a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; u n d e r 
s ta n d in g o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a ls an d a ll o y s ; s e ttin g up an d o p e r a t in g o f
m a c h in e t o o l s a n d r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s
o f w o r k , s p e e d s , f e e d s , a n d t o o li n g o f m a c h in e s ; h e a t - t r e a t in g o f m e t a l p a r t s d u r in g f a b r ic a t i o n
a s w e ll a s o f fin is h e d t o o ls and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a lit ie s ; w o r k in g t o c lo s e t o le r a n c e s ;
fit t in g an d a s s e m b l in g o f p a r t s to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s an d a ll o w a n c e s ; an d s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia t e
m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , a n d p r o c e s s e s . In g e n e r a l , t h e t o o l a n d d i e m a k e r ' s w o r k r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d
t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p a n d t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p
o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e .

sh ops

F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s ,
a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .

to o l and

d ie

m ak ers

in t o o l

an d d ie jo b b in g

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEM ENT
GUARD AND

L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L

W ATCHM EN

G u a rd . P e r f o r m s r o u tin e p o l i c e d u tie s , e it h e r at f ix e d p o s t o r on t o u r , m a in ta in in g o r d e r ,
u s in g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . I n c l u d e s g a t e m e n w h o a r e s t a t i o n e d a t g a t e a n d c h e c k
o n id e n t it y o f e m p lo y e e s a n d o t h e r p e r s o n s e n t e r i n g .
W a tch m a n .
th e fL
JA N IT O R ,

and ille g a l

M akes

rou n d s o f p r e m is e s

p e r io d ic a lly

in p r o t e c t i n g

p ro p e rty

a g a in s t f i r e ,

en try.

PO RTER, OR

H A N D L IN G

A w o r k e r e m p l o y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t , s t o r e , o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t
w h o s e d u t i e s i n v o l v e o n e o r m o r e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : L o a d i n g a n d u n lo a d in g v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s a n d
m e r c h a n d i s e o n o r f r o m f r e i g h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t i n g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e l v i n g ,
o r p l a c i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n ; a n d t r a n s p o r t i n g m a t e r i a l s o r
m e r c h a n d i s e b y h a n d t r u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w . L o n g s h o r e m e n , w h o l o a d a n d u n lo a d s h ip s a r e
e x c lu d e d .

CLEANER
ORDER

C l e a n s a n d k e e p s in a n o r d e r l y c o n d i t i o n f a c t o r y w o r k i n g a r e a s a n d w a s h r o o m s , o r
p r e m i s e s o f a n o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . D u t ie s i n v o l v e
a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o ll o w in g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , an d p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g
c h ip s , t r a s h , a n d o t h e r r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, fu r n it u r e , o r f ix t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l f i x 
t u r e s o r t r im m in g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m in o r m a in te n a n c e s e r v ic e s ; an d c le a n in g la v a t o r ie s ,
s h o w e r s , a n d r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c l u d e d .




F IL L E R

F i l l s s h ip p i n g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r f i n i s h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d i s e in a c c o r d 
a n c e w it h s p e c i f i c a t i o n s o n s a l e s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o t h e r i n s t r u c t i o n s . M a y , in a d d i t io n
t o fi l l i n g o r d e r s an d in d ic a t in g it e m s f i l l e d o r o m it t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s
r e q u i
s it io n a d d it io n a l s t o c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s to s u p e r v i s o r , a n d p e r f o r m o t h e r r e la t e d d u t ie s .

27

T R U C K D R IV E R — C on tin u ed

P A C K E R , S H IP P IN G
P r e p a r e s f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h i p m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p l a c i n g t h e m i n s h ip p i n g c o n 
t a i n e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p e n d e n t u p o n th e t y p e , s i z e , a n d n u m b e r
o f u n it s t o b e p a c k e d , t h e t y p e o f c o n t a i n e r e m p l o y e d , a n d m e t h o d o f s h i p m e n t . W o r k r e q u i r e s
t h e p l a c i n g o f i t e m s in s h i p p i n g c o n t a i n e r s a n d m a y i n v o l v e o n e o r m o r e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g ;
K n o w l e d g e o f v a r i o u s i t e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r t o v e r i f y c o n t e n t ; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r i a t e t y p e
a n d s i z e o f c o n t a i n e r ; i n s e r t i n g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a i n e r ; u s i n g e x c e l s i o r o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l t o
p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c l o s i n g an d s e a lin g c o n t a in e r ; an d a p p ly in g la b e l s o r e n t e r in g
id e n t ify in g d a ta o n c o n t a in e r .
P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w ood en b o x e s o r c r a te s a r e e x c lu d e d .
S H IP P IN G

AND

R E C E IV IN G

fo llo w s :

F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s a r e c la s s if ie d by s iz e and ty p e
( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r s h o u ld b e r a t e d o n th e b a s is o f t r a i l e r c a p a c it y .)
T r u c k d r iv e r (c o m b in a t io n o f s iz e s lis t e d s e p a r a t e ly )
T r u c k d r i v e r , l i g h t (u n d e r 1 V2 t o n s )
T r u c k d r i v e r , m e d i u m (1 V2 t o a n d in c l u d i n g 4 t o n s )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r ty p e )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 t o n s , o th e r th a n t r a i l e r ty p e )

CLERK
TRUCKER,

P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t , o r r e c e i v e s a n d is r e s p o n s ib l e f o r in c o m i n g s h ip 
m e n t s o f m e r c h a n d i s e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s . S h ip p i n g w o r k i n v o l v e s : A k n o w l e d g e o f s h ip p i n g p r o 
c e d u r e s , p r a c t ic e s , r o u t e s , a v a ila b le m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t io n , and r a t e s ; an d p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s
o f t h e g o o d s s h i p p e d , m a k i n g u p b i l l s o f l a d i n g , p o s t i n g w e i g h t a n d s h ip p i n g c h a r g e s , a n d k e e p i n g
a f i l e o f s h ip p i n g r e c o r d s .
M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g th e m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t.
R e c e i v i n g w o r k i n v o l v e s : V e r i f y i n g o r d i r e c t i n g o t h e r s i n v e r i f y i n g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f s h i p m e n t s
a g a in s t b il ls o f la d in g , i n v o i c e s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k i n g f o r s h o r t a g e s a n d r e je c t i n g d a m 
a g e d g o o d s ; r o u t in g m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; a n d m a in t a in in g n e c e s s a r y
record s

o f e q u ip m e n t, a s

POW ER

O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o l l e d g a s o li n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t
g o o d s a n d m a t e r i a l s o f a l l k i n d s a b o u t a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t , o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c la s s if ie d by ty p e o f t r u c k ,

as fo llo w s :

T r u c k e r , p o w e r (fo r k lift)
T r u c k e r , p o w e r (o t h e r th a n f o r k lif t )

and file s .
F or

w age

stu d y p u r p o s e s ,

w orkers

are

c la s s ifie d

as

fo llo w s :

R e c e iv in g c le r k
S h ip p i n g c l e r k
S h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k
T R U C K D R IV E R
D r i v e s a t r u c k w it h i n a c i t y o r i n d u s t r i a l a r e a t o t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e ,
e q u ip m e n t , o r m e n b e t w e e n v a r i o u s t y p e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s u c h a s : M a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t s , fr e ig h t
d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o le s a le and r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t s and
c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s i n e s s . M a y a l s o l o a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w it h o r w it h o u t h e l p e r s ,
m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n i c a l r e p a i r s , a n d k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o r k i n g o r d e r .
D r iv e r - s a l e s m e n and
o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s a re e x clu d e d .




W AREH O U SEM AN
A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f w a r e h o u s i n g d u t i e s w h ic h r e q u i r e a n u n d e r s t a n d in g
o f t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p l a n .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : V e r if y in g m a t e r ia l s
( o r m e r c h a n d i s e ) a g a i n s t r e c e i v i n g d o c u m e n t s , n o t in g a n d r e p o r t i n g d i s c r e p a n c i e s a n d o b v i o u s
d a m a g e s ; r o u tin g m a t e r i a l s to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e lo c a t i o n s ; s t o r in g , s t a c k in g , o r p a lle t i z in g
m a t e r i a l s i n a c c o r d a n c e w it h p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g i n g a n d t a k i n g i n v e n t o r y o f
s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r ia l s an d r e p o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g
m a te r ia l fr o m
s t o r a g e a n d p r e p a r i n g it f o r s h i p m e n t .
M a y o p e r a t e h a n d o r p o w e r t r u c k s in
p e r fo r m in g w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s .
E x c l u d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y 'd u t i e s i n v o l v e s h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g w o r k ( s e e s h ip p i n g
a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k an d p a c k e r , s h ip p in g ), o r d e r f il lin g (s e e o r d e r f i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r
tru ck s (s e e tr u c k e r , p o w e r ).

28

Area Wage Surveys
A list of the latest available bulletins or bulletin supplements is presented below. A directory of area wage studies including more limited studies
conducted at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the Department of Labor is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from any
of the BLS regional offices shown on the back cover, or from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.G., 20402.
Bulletin supplements may be obtained, without cost, only from BLS regional offices.
Area
Akron, Ohio, Dec. 1973 1____________________________________
Albany—
Schenectady— roy, N.Y., Mar. 1973 1 _________ _____
T
Albuquerque, N. Mex., Mar. 1973____________________________
Allentown—
Bethlehem—
Easton, Pa.—
N.J., May 1973________ _
Atlanta, Ga., May 1973_______________________________________
Austin, Tex., Dec. 1973______________________________________
Baltimore, Md., Aug. 197 3___________________________________
Beaumont—
Port Arthui^Orange, Tex., May 1973 1 __________
Binghamton, N.Y.—
Pa., July 1973 1__________________________
Birmingham, Ala., Mar. 1973 1______________________________
Boise City, Idaho, Nov. 197 3________________________________
Boston, Mass., Aug. 1973___________________________________
Buffalo, N.Y., Oct. 1973_____________________________________
Burlington, Vt., Dec. 1973___________________________________
Canton, Ohio, May 1973______________________________________
Charleston, W. V a., Mar. 1973______________________________
Charlotte, N.C., Jan. 1974_____ _________ _____ ______ ..____ __
Chattanooga, Tenn.—
Ga., Sept. 197 3_________________________
Chicago, 111., May 1973______________________________________
Cincinnati, Ohio—
Ky.—
Ind., Feb. 1973________________________
Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 197 3_____ ________________________ -___
Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 197 3___________________________________
Dallas, Tex., Oct. 197 3___________________________ —
___ _____
Davenport—
Rock Island—
Moline, Iowa—
111., Feb. 1973______ _
Dayton, Ohio, Dec. 197 3_______________________ ___________ _
Denver, Colo., Dec. 1973__________________ __________ ______
Des Moines, Iowa, May 1973___________________ ______________
Detroit, Mich., Mar. 1973 1---------------------------------------------------Durham, N.C., Dec. 1973 1
___________________________________
Fort Lauderdale—
Hollywood and West Palm
Beach, Fla., Apr. 1973_____________________________________
Fort Worth, Tex., Oct. 197 3___ ______________________ ____ __
Green Bay, W is., July 1973_____________ —
---------------------------Greenville, S.C., May 1973 1 ________________________________
Houston, Tex., Apr. 1973--------------------------------------------- ---------Huntsville, Ala., Feb. 1974 1
_________________________________
Indianapolis, Ind., Oct. 1973_________________________________
Jackson, M iss., Jan. 1974 1__________________________________
Jacksonville, Fla., Dec. 1973 1 ---------------------------------------------Kansas City, Mo.-Kans., Sept. 1973 1__________ _________ ____
Lawrence—
Haverhill, Mass.—
N.H., June 1973-----------------------Lexington, Ky., Nov. 197 3________________________________ ___
Little Rock—
North Little Rock, Ark., July 197 3_____________
Los Angeles—
Long Beach and Anaheim—
Santa AnaGarden Grove, Calif., Oct. 1973------ ---------------------------- -----Louisville, Ky.—
Ind., Nov. 197 3____________ __________ _______
Lubbock, Tex., Mar. 1973-----------------------------------------------------Manchester, N.H., July 197 3________________________________
Melbourne—
Titusville—
Cocoa, Fla.,
Aug. 1973 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------




Bulletin number
and price
1795-10,
1775-62,
1775-52,
1775-90,
1775-79,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-82,
1795-1,
1775-65,
Suppl.
Suppl.
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-73,
1775-74,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-88,
1775-53,
Suppl.
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-57,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-72,
1775-89,
1795-9.

65 cents
55 cents
40 cents
50 cents
40 cents
Free
Free
40 cents
55 cents
55 cents
Free
Free
Free
Free
40 cents
40 cents
Free
Free
50 cents
50 cents
Free
Free
Free
40 cents
Free
Free
40 cents
80 cents
65 cents

1775-64,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-86,
1775-71,
1795-13,
Suppl.
1795-12,
1795-8,
1795-4,
1775-93,
Suppl.
Suppl.

40 cents
F ree
Free
40 cents
50 cents
65 cents
Free
65 cents
65 cents
80 cents
50 cents
Free
F ree

Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-55,
Suppl.

Free
Free
40 cents
Free

1795-2,

55 cents

D a ta o n e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p ro v is io n s are a ls o p resen ted .

Area
Memphis, Tenn.—
Ark., Nov. 1973 1__________________________
Miami, Fla., Nov. 1973______________________________________
Midland and Odessa, Tex., Jan. 1974_________ _______________
Milwaukee, W is., May 1973__________________________________
Minneapolis—
St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1974_____________________
Muskegon—
Muskegon Heights, Mich., June 1973—
_________. ..
Newark and Jersey City, N.J., Jan. 1974____________________
New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1974________________________________
New Orleans, La., Jan. 1973________________________________
New York, N.Y., Apr. 1973__________________________________
Norfolk—
Virginia Beach—
Portsmouth and
Newport News—
Hampton, Va., Jan. 1973 1 _________________
Oklahoma City, Okla., July 197 3______________________ ______
Omaha, Nebr.—
Iowa, Sept. 197 3______________________________
Paterson—
Clifton—
Passaic, N.J., June 1973___________ ______
Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J., Nov. 1972___________________________
Phoenix, A riz., June 197 3___________________________________
Pittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 1973 1 _________________________________
Portland, Maine, Nov. 197 3 1__________ ___ __________ ___ „__
Portland, Oreg.—
Wash., May 1973___________________________
Poughkeepsie—
Kingston—
Newburgh, N.Y., June 1973_________
Providence—
Warwick—
Pawtucket, R.I.—
Mass.,
May 1973___ ____________________ ________ ___ _______
Raleigh, N.C., Dec. 1973 1________________ .__________
Richmond, Va., Mar. 1973__________________________
Riverside—
San Bernardino—
Ontario, Calif.,
Rockford, 111., June 1973____________________________
St. Louis, Mo.—
111., Mar. 1973 1 _____________________
Salt Lake City, Utah, Nov. 197 3_____________________
San Antonio, Tex., May 1973________________________
San Diego, Calif., Nov. 197 3_________________________
San Francisco—
Oakland, Calif., Mar. 1973__________
San Jose, Calif., Mar. 1973__________________________
Savannah, Ga., May 1973____________________________
Scranton, Pa., July 1973 1___________________________
Seattle—
Everett, Wash., Jan. 1973___________________
Sioux Falls, S. Dak., Dec. 1973______________________
South Bend, Ind., Mar. 1973— ___________ ___________
.
Spokane, Wash., June 1973__________________________
Tampa—
St. Petersburg, Fla., Aug. 1973_____________
Toledo, Ohio—
Mich., Apr. 1973---------------------------------Trenton, N.J., Sept. 1973____________________________
Washington, D.C.—
Md.—
Va., Mar. 1973______________
Waterbury, Conn., Mar. 1973___________ _____ ______
Waterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1973 1___ ____ ______________ ____
Wichita, Kans., Apr. 1973____________ ______________ _
Worcester, Mass., May 1973____ —
____ ______ _______
York, Pa., Feb. 1973________________________________
Youngstown-Warren, Ohio, Nov. 1973_______________

Bulletin number
and price
1795-11,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-83,
Suppl.
1775-91,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-47,
1775-94,

65 cents
Free
Free
40 cents
Free
50 cents
Free
Free
40 cents
50 cents

1775-51,
Suppl.
Suppl.
1775-92,
1775-45,
1775-96,
1775-67,
1795-6,
1775-87,
1775-85,

50 cents
Free
Free
55 cents
55 cents
50 cents
75 cents
65 cents
35 cents
35 cents

1775-84, 35 cents
1795-7, 65 cents
1775-68, 40 cents
Suppl.
1775-80,
1775-69,
Suppl.
1775-78,
Suppl.
1775-81,
1775-66,
1775-77,
1795-3,
1775-56,
Suppl.
1775-54,
1775-95,
Suppl.
1775-63,
Suppl.
1775-75,
1775-58,
1795-5,
1775-70,
1775-76,
1775-59,
Suppl.

Free
35 cents
75 cents
Free
35 cents
Free
40 cents
40 cents
40 cents
55 cents
40 cents
Free
40 cents
50 cents
Free
40 cents
Free
50 cents
40 cents
60 cents
40 cents
40 cents
40 cents
Free

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

U .S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20212

LAB 441

OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300

THIRD CLASS MAIL

B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S
Region I
1603 JFK Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6761 (Area Code 617)
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont

Region II
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)

Region V
8th Floor, 300 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, III. 60606
Phone: 353-1880 (Area Code 312)
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Ohio
Wisconsin

Region VI
1100 Commerce St. Rm. 6B7
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)
Arkansas
Louisiana
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Texas




New Jersey
New York
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands

Region III
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
Phone: 597-1754 (Area Code 215)
Delaware
District of Columbia
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Virginia
West Virginia

Region IV
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St. N.E.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)
Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee

Regions VII and VIII
Federal Office Building
911 Walnut St., 15th Floor
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)
VII
VIII
Iowa
Colorado
Kansas
Montana
Missouri
North Dakota
Nebraska
South Dakota
Utah
Wyoming

Regions IX and X
450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)
IX
X
Alaska
Arizona
Idaho
California
Oregon
Hawaii
Washington
Nevada
Full text of Area Wage Survey : Area Wage Survey: Huntsville, Alabama, Metropolitan Area, February 1974 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 1795-13

FRASER
