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£

_
Area

-

Wage

Survey
Bulletin 2025-14
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics

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■ N^_\^

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3

:

/ i Hartford, Connecticut,
Metropolitan Area
March 1978

Preface
T h i s b u ll e tin p r o v i d e s r e s u l t s o f a M a r c h 1978 s u r v e y o f o c c u p a ­
ti o n a l e a r n i n g s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s .n th e H a r t f o r d , C o n n e c t i c u t ,
Standard M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a .
T h e s u r v e y w a s m a d e a s p a r t o f the
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ' annual a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m .
It w a s
c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u ' s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in B o s t o n , M a s s . , u n d e r th e
g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f G o r d o n E. B o w e n , A s s i s t a n t R e g i o n a l C o m m i s s i o n e r
for O peration s.
T h e s u r v e y c o u l d not h a v e b e e n a c c o m p l i s h e d w ith o u t the
c o o p e r a t i o n o f th e m a n y f i r m s w h o s e w a g e and s a l a r y data p r o v i d e d th e
b a s i s f o r th e s t a t i s t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n in th is b u ll e t in .
The Bureau w ishes
to e x p r e s s s i n c e r e a p p r e c i a t i o n f o r th e c o o p e r a t i o n r e c e i v e d .
M a t e r i a l in th is p u b l i c a t i o n is in th e p u b l i c d o m a i n and m a y be
r e p r o d u c e d w ith o u t p e r m i s s i o n o f th e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t .
P le a s e cred it




th e B u r e a u
p u b lic a t i o n .

of

Labor

S tatistics

and

cite

th e

nam e

and

num ber

of

th is

Note:
R e p o r t s o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o ­
v i s i o n s in the H a r t f o r d a r e a a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r th e b a n k in g ( N o v e m b e r 1976)
and l i f e i n s u r a n c e ( D e c e m b e r 1976) i n d u s t r i e s .
A ls o available a re listin g s
o f u nio n w a g e r a t e s f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d b u i l d i n g t r a d e s .
F r e e c o p ie s o f these
a r e a v a i l a b l e f r o m th e B u r e a u ' s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s .
(See b a ck c o v e r f o r
a dd resses.)

Hartford, Connecticut,
Metropolitan Area
March 1978

Area
Wage

Survey

Page

Contents

U.S. Department of Labor
Ray Marshall, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Julius Shiskin, Commissioner
June 1978
Bulletin 2025-14

Introduction

2

T ables— Continued
B.

T a b le s:
A.

For

sale

by

the

Superintendent

of

Documents,

U.S.

Government
Printing Office, W ashington, D .C. 20402, G PO

Bookstores, or B LS Regional O ffices listed on back cover.


E a rn in gs , all e s ta b lis h m e n ts :
A - l . W eekly earn in gs o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s __ 3
A - 2 . W eekly earn in gs o f p r o f e s s i o n a l
and te c h n ica l w o r k e r s ______________ 6
A - 3 . A v e r a g e w e e k ly earn in gs of
o f fic e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and
te chn ic a l w o r k e r s , b y s e x _________ 8
A - 4 . Hourly earn in gs o f m a in te n a n ce ,
t o o l r o o m , and pow erpla nt
w o r k e r s ______________________________ 10
A - 5. H ou rly earn in gs o f m a t e r ia l
m o v e m e n t and cu sto d ia l w o r k e r s __ 11
A - 6. A v e r a g e h o u rly earn in gs o f
main te n ance, t o o l r o o m , p o w e r plant, m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t , and
cu stodia l w o r k e r s , b y s e x _________ 13
A - 7 . P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s in a ve ra ge
h ourly ea rn in gs , adjusted f o r
e m p lo y m e n t shif ts, f o r s e le c t e d
o ccu pa tio na l g r o u p s _________________ 14

E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and
su p ple m e n ta ry w a ge p r o v is io n s :
B - l . M in im u m e n tra n ce s a l a r i e s f o r
in e x p e rie n ce d ty pists and c l e r k s ____ 15
B - 2 . L a t e - s h i f t pay p r o v i s i o n s f o r
f u l l - t i m e man ufactu rin g
p ro ductio n and rela ted w o r k e r s ______16
B - 3 . Scheduled w e e k ly hou rs and days of
f u l l - t i m e f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s _______ 17
B - 4 . Annual paid holidays f o r f u ll- t i m e
w o r k e r s _______________________________ 18
B - 5 . Pa id va ca tio n p r o v i s i o n s f o r
f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s ____________________ 19
B - 6 . Health, in su ra n c e , and pension
plans f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s __________21
B - 7 . L if e in su rance plans f o r
f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s _____________________ 22

App end ix A.
Appendix B.

S co p e and m e tho d o f s u r v e y _________ 2 5
O ccu pa tiona l d e s c r i p t i o n s ___________ 31

Introduction
T h i s a r e a is 1 o f 75 in w h i c h th e U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u ­
r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s c o n d u c t s s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and r e ­
lated b e n e fits.
( S e e l i s t o f a r e a s on i n s i d e b a c k c o v e r . )
In e a c h a r e a ,
o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s data ( A - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) a r e c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly .
In for­
m a t i o n o n e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a nd s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s ( B s e r i e s t a b l e s ) is o b t a in e d e v e r y t h i r d y e a r .
E a c h y e a r a f t e r a l l in d iv id u a l a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s h a v e b e e n c o m ­
pleted, tw o s u m m a r y bulletin s a r e issu e d .
T h e f i r s t b r i n g s t o g e t h e r data
f o r e a c h m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s u r v e y e d ; th e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s n a t io n a l and r e ­
g io n a l e s t i m a t e s , p r o j e c t e d f r o m i n d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a d a ta , f o r a ll
S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s in th e United S t a t e s , e x c l u d i n g A l a s k a
and H a w a ii.

T a b le A - 7 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f
o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , e l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , i n d u s t r i a l
n u r s e s , s k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s w o r k e r s , and u n s k i l l e d pla n t w o r k e r s .
W h e r e p o s s i b l e , data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l i n d u s t r i e s and f o r m a n u f a c t u r i n g
and n o n m a n u f a c t u r in g s e p a r a t e l y .
Data a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d f o r s k i l l e d m a i n ­
t e n a n c e w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g b e c a u s e the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m ­
p l o y e d in this o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g is t o o s m a l l t o w a r r a n t
sep a ra te presentation.
T h is t a b l e p r o v i d e s a m e a s u r e o f w a g e t r e n d s a f t e r
e l i m i n a t i o n o f c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s c a u s e d b y e m p l o y m e n t s h if t s
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s as w e l l a s t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n c l u d e d in
su rv e y sam p les.
F o r f u r t h e r d e t a i l s , s e e a p p e n d i x A.
B -series

ta b le s

A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m is the n e e d
to d e s c r i b e the l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a v a r i e t y o f l a b o r m a r k e t s ,
t h r o u g h the a n a l y s i s o f (1) the l e v e l and d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n ,
and ( 2 ) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l .
T h e p r o g r a m d e v e l o p s i n f o r m a t i o n th at m a y b e u s e d f o r m a n y p u r p o s e s ,
i n c lu d in g w a g e and s a l a r y a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g , and a s ­
s i s t a n c e in d e t e r m i n i n g p la n t l o c a t i o n .
S u r v e y r e s u l t s a l s o a r e u s e d b y the
U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r t o m a k e w a g e d e t e r m i n a t i o n s u n d e r th e S e r v i c e
C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965.

Th e B - s e r i e s t a b le s p r e s e n t i n f o r m a t i o n on m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e
s a l a r i e s f o r i n e x p e r i e n c e d ty p is ts a nd c l e r k s ; l a t e - s h i f t p a y p r o v i s i o n s and
p r a c t i c e s f o r p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g ; and data
s e p a r a t e l y f o r p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s and o f f i c e w o r k e r s on s c h e d ­
u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s and da ys o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s ; p a id h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a ­
t i o n s ; health, in s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s ; and m o r e d e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n
o n l i f e i n s u r a n c e p la n s.

A - s e r i e s tables

A p p e n d i x A d e s c r i b e s th e m e t h o d s and c o n c e p t s u s e d in t h e a r e a
wage survey p rogra m .
It p r o v i d e s i n f o r m a t i o n on th e s c o p e o f th e a r e a
s u r v e y , the a r e a ' s i n d u s t r i a l c o m p o s i t i o n in m a n u f a c t u r i n g , and l a b o r m anagement agreem ent co v era g e.

T a b l e s A - l th r o u g h A - 6 p r o v i d e e s t i m a t e s o f s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y
o r h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r w o r k e r s in o c c u p a t i o n s c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y o f
m a n u f a c t u r i n g a nd n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .
F o r th e 31 l a r g e s t s u r v e y
a r e a s , t a b l e s A - 8 th r o u g h A - 13 p r o v i d e s i m i l a r data f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
e m p l o y i n g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e .




App end ixes

A p p e n d ix B p r o v i d e s j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d b y B u r e a u
o m i s t s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s by occu p a tio n .

field e c o n ­

A.

E a rn in g s

Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
O c c u p a ti o n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

UuiuU* Average
weekly
of
hours1
workers (standard)
Mean2

"^"^Tekl^Tarnings^™
(standard)
Median 2

ALL WORKERS
38.0
40.0
3 7.0
3 9.0

Middle range 2

$
$
1 7 0 .0 0 -2 1 5 .0 0
1 7 5 .0 0 -2 3 1.00
1 6 8 .0 0 -2 1 0.00
1 9 4 .0 0 -2 8 9 .0 0

S E C R E T A R IE S --------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ---------------

2 .7 48
749
1 .9 9 9
50

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------

97
40
57

3 8 .5 2 4 9 .0 0 2 5 1 .5 0 2 0 5 . 0 0 -2 7 6 . 5 0
4 0 .0 2 34 .5 0 205 .0 0 2 0 0 .0 0 -2 6 4 .5 0
3 7 .0 2 59 .0 0 265 .0 0 2 3 5 .0 0 -2 7 8 .5 0

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS B -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------

527
218
309

3 8 .0 2 26 .0 0 220 .5 0 1 9 9 .5 0 -2 4 7 .5 0
3 9 .5 2 35 .5 0 230 .5 0 2 0 7 .0 0 -2 6 4 .0 0
3 7 .0 2 1 9 .0 0 216 .0 0 1 9 9 .5 0 -2 3 9 .5 0

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS C -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ---------------

5 26
241
285
25

38.5
40.0
37.5
39.5

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS D -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONNANUFACTURING --------------------

419
232
187

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS E -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

1 9 6 .0 0
2 07 .0 0
1 92 .0 0
2 45 .0 0

1 9 1 .0 0
2 0 0 .0 0
189 .5 0
257 .0 0

N um b er of
S
105
U n d e r and
S
105 u n d e r
1 10

-

115

120

9
9
-

-

_
-

-

3 9 . 0 1 8 G .0 0 1 7 4 . 0 0 1 6 5 . 0 0 - 1 9 0 . 0 0
4 0 .0 1 7 7 .0 0 1 73.00 1 6 2 . 0 0 -1 8 6 . 0 0
3 8 .0 1 84 .0 0 175 .0 0 1 6 9 .0 0 -1 9 7 .0 0

-

-

255
237

3 8 .0 1 6 2 .5 0 160 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 -1 7 9 . 5 0
3 8 .0 1 6 2 .0 0 159 .5 0 1 4 0 .0 0 -1 8 3 . 5 0

STENOGRAPHERS ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

681
5 70
111

3 9 .5 1 9 5 .0 0 200 .0 0 1 6 3 .5 0 -2 2 3 . 0 0
4 0 .0 2 02 .0 0 208 .0 0 1 7 6 .5 0 -2 2 8 .0 0
3 7 .0 1 5 9 .0 0 1 55.00 1 4 1 .0 0 -1 7 2 . 5 0

STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL ------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------

416
105

3 9 .0 1 8 8 .0 0 1 91.00 1 6 7 .0 0 -2 1 2 . 0 0
3 7 .0 1 5 7 .0 0 154 .0 0 1 4 1 .0 0 -1 6 9 . 5 0

ST ENOGRAPHERS. SENIO R --------MANUFACTURING --------------------------

265
259

4 0 . 0 2 0 6 .0 0 223 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 -2 4 1 . 5 0
4 0 . 0 2 0 6 .5 0 223 .5 0 1 5 5 .0 0 -2 4 1 . 5 0

_
_

T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P I S T S
NONNANUFACTURING -------------------

157
150

3 7 .0 1 5 5 .5 0 1 55.00 1 4 0 .0 0 -1 6 8 . 5 0
3 7 . 0 1 5 5 . 5 0 1 5 4 .5 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 8 . 5 0

_
_
“
-

_

-

T Y P I S T S -----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

1 .2 31
7 03

3 8 .5 1 5 5 .5 0 145 .5 0 1 3 1 .0 0 -1 7 5 . 0 0
3 7 .0 1 3 8 .0 0 1 34 .0 0 1 2 6 .0 0 -1 4 5 . 5 0

1
1

T Y P I S T S . CLASS A ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

558
304

3 8 .5 1 6 8 .0 0 158.50 1 3 8 .5 0 -1 9 9 . 5 0
3 7 . 5 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 4 1 .0 0 1 3 2 . 0 0 - 1 5 6 . 0 0

T Y P I S T S . CLASS B --------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

6 73
274
399

F I L E CLERKS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

568
39
529

*
to $ 370.
***

s

%

2 40

$

250

%

260

280

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

2 20

230

240

2 50

260

270

40

24
24
-

119
15
104
_

183
34
149
5

298
78
220
1

318
80
238
2

3 26
101
225
5

349
61
288
~

2 84
83
2 01
“

132
48
84
2

134
59
75
7

82
25
57
2

64
23
41
4

73
47
26
5

29
9
20
1

90
44
46
16

-

-

-

7
7
“

26
17
9

194
42
1 52
”
4
i
3

-

5
2
3

5
5

6
2
4

10
3
7

12
12

22
8
14

40
-

280 o v e r

“
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

2
2

28
8
20

7
1
6

26
9
17

72
11
61

58
28
30

50
18
32

59
24
35

58
29
29

4k
13
29

38
14
24

38
28
10

9
40
8 ; **2 7
13
i

3
3

20
6
14
“

16
3
13
“

29
10
19

39
17
22
1

100
51
49
5

68
24
44

56
32
24

47
14
33
“

26
21
5
"

40
24
16
6

19
9
10
2

13
5
8
2

19
15
4
4

4
1
3
1

18
9
9
4

~

-

17
9
8

36
31
5

110
56
54

86
49
37

61
40
21

41
19
22

19
6
13

19
9
10

8
3
5

7
4
3

5
3
2

2
2

3
1
2

-

5

_

40
40
_
~

19
19

30
30

36
36

22
18

45
32

11
10

33
33

17
17

”

“

~

”

~

-

-

2
2

37
15
22

61
37
24

61
42
19

41
27
14

51
39
12

36
27
9

62
51
11

55
55

83
83
“

57
57
~

70
70

40
40

27
27
“

-

“

25
22

26
24

39
19

35
14

43
12

30
6

56
8

46

28
~

27

-

-

~

“

-

~

61
~

“
'
-

12
12

35
35

22
22

6
6

8
8

6
3

6
3

9
9

22
22

29
29

43
43

40
40

27
27

-

-

-

1
1

5
5

40
40

25
24

22
19

37
35

11
10

10
10

6
6

-

“

-

-

“

-

~
-

-

-

2
2

12
12

22
21

237
231

221
180

16 1
115

137
70

83
30

88
26

54
4

60
5

58
1

43
4

36
1

16
“

”

“

-

-

-

-

7
7

6
6

44
44

90
84

74
51

60
48

28
23

57
26

18
4

41
5

38
1

43
4

36
1

-

~

“

-

3 8 .5 1 4 5 .5 0 1 38.00 1 2 6 . 5 0 -1 5 7 . 0 0
4 0 . 0 1 6 5 .0 0 163 .5 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 -1 8 2 . 0 0
3 7 .0 1 3 2 .0 0 129 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 -1 3 9 .0 0

1
1

2
2

5
5

16

193
6
187

131
35
96

87
23
64

77
55
22

55
48
7

31
31

36
36

19
19

20
20

16
"
-

"
-

-

-

3 7 .5 1 3 0 .5 0 127 .5 0 1 1 8 .0 0 -1 4 3 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 5 1 .0 0 157 .0 0 1 3 3 .5 0 -1 5 7 .0 0
3 7 .5 1 2 9 .0 0 126 .0 0 1 1 7 .0 0 -1 3 9 .5 0

6

54

32

76

32

76

70
3
67

54
17
37

21
2
19

11
4
7

-

54

96
3
93

-

6

145
8
137

”

“

1 9 5 .0 0
200 .5 0
1 90 .0 0
245 .0 0

1 8 2 .0 0 -2 2 2 .0 0
1 8 7 .0 0 -2 3 3 .5 0
1 7 7 .5 0 -2 1 2 .0 0
2 3 0 .0 0 -2 6 9 .0 0

-

9
9

1

15
-

2
1
i

-

-

“

“

“

-

1
1

-

~

-

-

-

-

“

“

“

-

-

“

W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s :
W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s :

6 at $ 2 8 0 to $ 2 9 0 ; 2 at $ 2 9 0 to $ 300; 2 at $ 300 to $ 3 1 0 ; 3 at $ 3 1 0 to $ 320; 2 at $ 320 to $ 330; and 1 at $ 3 4 0 to $ 350.
6 at $ 2 8 0 to $ 2 9 0 ; 3 at $ 2 9 0 to $ 300; 3 at $ 300 to $ 3 1 0 ; 4 at $ 3 1 0 to $ 320; 2 at $ 320 to $ 330; 1 at $ 3 4 0 to $ 350; 2 at $ 350 to $ 360; and

W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s :
W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s :

6 at $ 280 to $ 2 9 0 ; 5 at $ 2 9 0 to $ 300; 3 at $ 300 to $ 3 1 0 ; 6 at $ 3 1 0 to $ 320; 5 at $ 320 to $ 330; 1 at $ 330 to $ 340; and 1 at $ 340 to $ 350.
1 at $ 2 8 0 to $ 2 9 0 ; 1 at $ 2 9 0 to $ 3 0 0 ; 1 at $ 300 to $ 3 1 0 ; and 1 at $ 3 1 0 to $ 320.

See fo o tn o t e s at end o f ta b l e s .




$

270

and

_
_
-

2 02 .0 0
2 0 8 .0 0
1 96 .5 0
2 41 .5 0

_
-

-

w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s of—
S
$
$
$
%
s
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 10 115 1 20 130 140 1 50 1 60 170 180 190 2 0 0 210 220 230

3

5

at $ 3 60

Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued
O c c u p a tio n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

rimuUi Average
weekly
of
hours1
workers (standard)
Mean 2

Weekly earnings
(standard)
Median 2

Middle range 2

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n in g s o f —
%
s
S
t
*
*
*
*
*
$
s
105 110 1 15 1 20 130 190 150 160 170 180 190
Uj n d e r and,
!05 under
110 115 120 130 190 150 160 170 180 190 200

s

200

S

210

$

220

s

230

$

2 90

*

250

s

2 60

i

270

*

280

and
210

2 20

2 30

290

2 50

260

2 70

2 80 o v e r

2
1
_
-

_
-

1
_
-

_
-

_
-

*
_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

3
2
1

2
1
1

-

2
2

_
-

-

6
6
-

8
1
7
-

"
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

-

_
_
-

_
_
-

ALL WORKERS—
CONTINUED
F I L E C L ERK S. CLASS A ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

71
52

$
$
$
3 8 .0 1 9 6 .5 0 1 95 .0 0 1 3 9 .5 0 -1 5 7 .0 0
3 7 .5 1 3 9 .5 0 1 38 .5 0 1 1 8 .0 0 -1 5 0 .0 0

F I L E C L ERK S. CLASS B ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

175
163

3 7 .5 1 3 9 .5 0 1 3 1 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 - 1 9 3 . 5 0
3 7 .0 1 3 9 .5 0 1 3 1 .5 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 -1 9 3 . 0 0

-

-

2
2

12
12

F I L E C L ERK S. CLASS C ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

322
319

3 7 .5 1 2 5 .0 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 1 3 .0 0 - 1 3 3 . 0 0
3 7 .5 1 2 9 .5 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 1 2 .0 0 - 1 3 3 . 0 0

6
6

59
59

30
30

MESSENGERS -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

17D
51
119

3 8 .5 1 3 5 .0 0 1 25 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 -1 5 3 .5 0
4 0 . 0 1 5 0 .5 0 1 9 5 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 -1 7 2 . 0 0
3 7 .5 1 2 8 .5 0 120 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 -1 3 6 .5 0

3

12
12

39

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

155
27
128

3 8 .5 1 5 0 .5 0 190 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 - 1 6 1 . 5 0
9 0 .0 1 7 8 .5 0 172 .0 0 1 9 8 .0 0 -2 0 9 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 9 5 .0 0 1 9 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 -1 5 0 .0 0

SWITCHBOARO O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T IO N IS T S MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

187
90
97

3 9 .0 1 5 3 .5 0 150 .0 0 1 3 8 .0 0 -1 6 5 .0 0
3 9 .5 1 5 6 .5 0 150 .0 0 1 9 6 .0 0 -1 6 1 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 51 .0 0 1 97 .0 0 1 3 3 .0 0 -1 6 5 .0 0

ORDER CLERKS --------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

1 69
107
57

ORDER C L ERK S. CLASS A -------------------------

76

o
o
If

F I L E CLERKS - CONTINUED

ORDER C L E R K S . CLASS B ------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

88
79

9 0 .0 1 7 7 .5 u 1 75 .0 0 1 9 8 .0 0 -2 1 0 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 8 6 .0 0 1 84 .0 0 1 6 9 .0 0 -2 1 0 .0 0

ACCOUNTING CLERKS ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

2 .1 13
591
1 .5 72
36

39.0
39.5
39.0
3 9.5

ACCOUNTING C LERK S. CLASS A ------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

1.0 72
268
809

3 9 .0 1 6 5 .0 0 1 66 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 -1 8 2 .5 0
3 9 .5 1 9 1 .5 0 1 82 .5 0 1 7 3 .0 0 -2 0 5 .0 0
3 9 .0 1 5 6 .0 0 152 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 -1 7 7 .0 0

ACCOUNTING C LERK S. CLASS B ------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

1 »041
273
768

3 9 .0 1 9 7 .0 0 1 95 .0 0 1 1 9 .5 0 -1 6 3 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 57 .5 0 198 .0 0 1 9 0 .0 0 -1 6 9 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 93 .5 0 1 37 .5 0 1 1 6 .0 0 -1 6 2 .5 0

1
1
-

11
11

11
11

19

5

4
4

7
4

62
55

92
92

23
20

4
3

i
i

48
48

33
82

93
90

29
28
30
28

12
12

13
12

3
2

~

39

5
1
4

34
13
21

22
9
13

8
6
2

10
1
9

19
4
10

7
7
“

9
7
2

2
2

5
5

3
3

28
3
25

28

18
18

9
4
5

6

2
2

-

-

-

-

1
1

97
2
95

97
92
5

30
19
11

27
8
19

i
1
"
19
13
6

6

28

32
6
26

9
1
8

5
3
2

6
6
-

9 0 .0 1 9 9 .5 0 2 02 .5 0 1 7 1 .5 0 -2 2 2 .0 0
9 0 .0 1 9 7 .0 0 2 10 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 -2 1 9 .5 0
4 0 .0 1 89 .5 0 195 .5 0 1 7 5 .0 0 -2 3 8 .0 0

-

-

-

-

10
10

2
2

17
17

i
1

i
1

26
14
12

12
10
2

12
12

3
3
_

39
34
“

17
17
~

28
9
19

~

2 1 9 .0 0 2 2 2 .0 0 1 9 5 .5 0 -2 3 8 .0 0

-

-

“

-

-

-

-

-

12

3

12

3

-

17

28

1

-

-

10
-

2
~

17
17

i
1

i
i

14
14

9
7

-

“

39
34

"

”

”

~

“

-

“

1
1
-

34

115
14
101
6

88
69
19
5

29
10
14
-

42
ii
31
6

17
11
6
-

10
10
-

18
12
6
4

4
4
-

2
i
1
i

4
3
1
1

77
10
67

66
48
18

24
10
14

19
8
6

11
5
6

7
7
-

17
12
5

4
4
-

1
1

4
3
1

38
4
39

22
21
1

-

28
3
25

6
6
-

3
3
-

1
1

-

_

1
i
-

_

-

1 5 6 .0 0
1 7 9 .0 0
1 50 .0 0
1 9 7 .5 0

1 52 .5 0
172 .0 0
1 97 .0 0
198 .0 0

1 3 0 .0 0 -1 7 9 .5 0
1 9 7 .0 0 -1 9 8 .0 0
1 2 5 .0 0 -1 7 0 .0 0
1 6 5 .0 0 -2 2 5 .0 0

16
16

3
_

~
~

-

1
1

“
_
"
_
*

~
~

175
175
“

218
13
205
4

297
55
292
-

203
93
110

181
45
136
1

230
49
18 1
5

191
57
139
3

"

8
8

170
1 70

136
136

78
11
67

72
12
60

99
26
73

153
95
108

199
89
115
”
131
67
64

39
39

60
60

167
167

48
13
35

16 1
55
106

125
82
93

109
33
76

131
23
108

38
12
26

68
17
51

-

-

15

15

15

-

20

20

-

2

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

-

10

3

-

-

2

3

2

2

3

-

-

-

-

-

18
18

22
3
19

21
2
19

26
19
7

21
7
19

13
8
5

15
7
8

26
19
12

16
6
10

7
6
i

3

1
~
1

1
~
1

1

3
3

-

OPERATORS --------

89

3 8 .5 1 4 0 .5 0 130 .0 0 1 2 2 .0 0 -1 6 0 .0 0

31

9 0 .0 1 7 3 .0 0 1 55 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 -2 0 8 .5 0

-

-

3

PAYROLL CLERKS ----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

199
72
122

3 9 .0 1 68 .5 0 165 .5 0 1 9 3 .5 0 -1 9 2 .5 0
4 0 .0 1 7 6 .0 0 1 79 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 -1 9 3 .5 0
3 8 .5 1 6 9 .0 0 1 56 .5 0 1 3 9 .0 0 -1 9 0 .0 0

-

-

-

See f o o tn o t e s at end o f ta b l e s .




2
2

1
1
_
-

60
60

39

MACHINE B IL L E R S --------------------------------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE

~
-

4

-

-

3

1

-

-

-

-

Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued
O c c u p a ti o n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number Average
weekly
of
hours1
workers (standard)
Mean 2

ALL UORKERSCONTINUED

Weekly earnings
(standard)
Median 2

997
207
7 90

$
3 8 .5 1 5 6 .5 0
4 0 .0 1 6 3 .5 0
3 8 .0 1 5 4 .5 0

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. C LASS A --------MANUFACTURING ------------NONMANUFACTURING ------

<*96
142
354

3 8 .5 1 6 4 .0 0 163 .0 0 1 5 1 .0 0 -1 7 4 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 68 .5 0 168 .0 0 1 5 7 .5 0 -1 8 0 . 5 0
3 7 .5 1 6 2 .0 0 162 .0 0 1 4 7 .0 0 -1 7 2 . 0 0

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. C LASS B --------MANUFACTURING ------------NONMANUFACTURING -----P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S

501
65
4 36
47

38 • 5
40.0
38.5
40.0

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS -----MANUFACTURING ------------NONMANUFACTURING ------

1 48 .5 0
1 52 .0 0
1 4 8 .0 0
1 7 9 .0 0

$
156 .5 0
160 .5 0
152 .0 0

Middle range 2

1 4 5 .0 0
154 .0 0
144 .0 0
1 65.00

$
$
1 4 0 .0 0 -1 6 9 .5 0
1 5 1 .5 0 -1 7 3 .0 0
1 3 6 .0 0 -1 6 8 .0 0

1 3 6 .J0 -1 6 C .0 0
1 4 5 .0 0 -1 6 0 .0 0
1 3 4 .0 0 -1 6 0 .0 0
1 6 0 .0 0 -1 8 2.50

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e we e k l y e a r n i n g s of—
S
$
S
S
s
%
%
$
*
S
$
$
105 110 115 1 2 0 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 2 0 0 210
U^ n d e r and
105 U nder
1 10 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 2 00 2 1 0 2 2 0

_
-

3
3
-

_
-

3

-

3

See f o o tn o t e s at end o f t a b l e s .




5

60
3
57

185
5
180

173
33
140

135
46
89

202
53
149

130
31
99

53
17
36

17
11
6

15
2
13

16
6
10

2
2

61
3
58

53
16
37

68
20
48

142
40
102

81
27
54

43
17
26

15
11
4

15
2
13

15
6
9

120
17
103
4

67
26
41

60
13
47
15

49
4

10

2

58
3
55

12a
2

122

6

45

10

-

10
4

2

_

S

220

S

230

s

2 40

$

250

S

260

$

270

%

280

and
230

_

_

240

2 50

2 60

270

1

1
1
_

5
5

1
1

-

_
-

1
1
_

1
_

-

_

_

1

1

1

5

1
1

1
1

1
1

5
5

-

280 o v e r

_
-

_

_
_

-

-

Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
O c c u p a tio n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

J,

of
workers

Average
weekly
hours1
(standard) Mean2

Median 2

Middle range 2

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n in g s o f—
s
s
$
S
s
%
$
S
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
140 150 160 170 180 190 2 00 210 220 2 3 0 2 40 2 6 0 280 300 3 20 3 40
U n d e r and
*
under
140
150 160 170 1 80 190 20 0 2 10 220 230 2 4 0 2 60 2 8 0 3 00 3 20 340 3 60

%

360

$

3 80

$

400

$

4 20

and
380

400

420 o ver

ALL UORKERS
COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) -----------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

1 .2 9 0
1 .036

$
$
$
$
3 7 .5 3 3 4 .5 0 3 2 7 .5 0 2 9 7 .0 0 -3 7 3 .5 0
3 7 .0 3 2 8 .0 0 3 21 .0 0 2 9 2 .0 0 -3 5 9 .0 0

COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS A ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

388
224

3 8 .5 3 9 1 .5 0 3 9 1 .0 0 3 6 3 .0 0 -4 2 0 .0 0
3 7 .5 3 9 0 .0 0 3 89 .0 0 3 6 0 .0 0 -4 2 2 .5 0

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

452
394

3 7 .5 3 2 9 .5 0 3 2 3 .5 0 3 0 4 .5 0 -3 4 8 .5 0
3 7 .5 3 31 .0 0 3 25 .0 0 3 0 4 .5 0 -3 4 9 .5 0

COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS C ----------------------------

450

3 7 .0 2 9 0 .0 0 2 8 9 .0 0 2 5 9 .0 0 -3 1 8 .5 0

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) -----MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

1 .2 7 2
139
1 .1 33

3 7 .5 2 7 5 .5 0 2 5 9 .0 0 2 3 8 .0 0 -3 1 3 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 8 3 .5 0 2 8 8 .0 0 2 3 9 .0 0 -3 1 8 .0 0
3 7 .5 2 7 4 .5 0 2 5 9 .0 0 2 3 8 .0 0 -3 1 1 .0 0

-

_

“

-

~

_

“

_

_
-

577
51
5 26

3 7 .0 2 6 3 .0 0 2 59 .0 0 2 3 0 .5 0 -2 9 0 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 77 .5 0 2 75 .0 0 2 3 9 .0 0 -3 1 3 .0 0
3 7 .0 2 6 2 .0 0 2 5 7 .5 0 2 3 0 .5 0 -2 8 8 .0 0

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .
CLA^S c :
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

35

4 0 .0 2 3 7 .5 0 2 3 5 .0 0 2 1 6 .0 0 -2 6 6 .0 0

-

COMPUTER OPERATORS ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

9 58
184
774

3 8 .0 2 0 5 .0 0 199 .5 0 1 6 8 .5 0 -2 3 4 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 3 0 .5 0 2 24 .0 0 1 9 0 .5 0 -2 6 8 .0 0
3 7 .5 1 99 .0 0 1 92 .5 0 1 6 6 .0 0 -2 2 6 .5 0

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS A ----------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

179
7U
109

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B ----------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONHANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

O
O

53

“

“

6
3

4
4

9
6

100
93

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

~

1
1

“

'

-

3
3

_

-

1
1

18
-

18

"
6
4
2

14
6
8

6
62
6
56

4
121
3
118

~

_

-

_

_

201
178

180
164

150
119

109
68

1 13
76

1
1

2
2

13
11

11
11

54
31

77
39

73
36

53 * 1 0 4
68
25

31
27

55
50

1 14
93

100
84

70
62

24
21

36
36

17
16

4
4

108
72

99

84

67

74

69

26

8

4

-

-

166
15
151

2 50
8
2 42

1 08
19
89

142
28
1 14

91
12
79

117
8
109

92
15
77

50
5
45

25
4
21

5
2
3

1
1

-

8

16

6

3

13

1

3

2

1

1

_

8
2
6

7
4
3

1
1

_

-

10
6
4

59
3
56

66
3
63

46
3
43

115
6
109

78
8
70

100
7
93

54
3
51

30
5
25

1

3

-

-

4

-

3

-

12

2

3

5

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

68
3
65

114
9
105

67
6
61

81
14
67

87
27
60

70
16
54

80
14
66

61
9
52

56
12
44

96
18
78

61
25
36

34
18
16

14
9
5

4
4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
3

9
9

28
7
21

9
9

12
2
10

18
8
10

21
9
12

34
16
18

27
15
12

14
9
5

4
4

-

-

-

-

"
“

-

-

-

11
11

54
54

3 8 .0 2 5 1 .0 0 2 55 .5 0 2 1 5 .0 0 -2 7 9 .5 0
4 0 .0 2 6 9 .0 0 2 76 .5 0 2 4 0 .0 0 -2 9 5 .5 0
3 7 .0 2 3 9 .0 0 2 3 4 .0 0 2 0 8 .5 0 -2 6 6 .5 0

_

-

480
80
400

3 8 .0 2 1 2 .5 0 2 1 3 .0 0 1 8 7 .5 0 -2 3 6 .5 0
4 0 .0 2 1 9 .0 0 2 15 .0 0 1 9 2 .5 0 -2 4 2 .5 0
3 7 .5 2 1 1 .0 0 2 1 2 .5 0 1 8 4 .0 0 -2 3 5 .0 0

-

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C ----------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

299
34
265

3 7 .5 1 6 6 .0 0 163 .0 0 1 5 4 .0 0 -1 7 8 .0 0
4 0 . 0 1 7 9 .5 0 1 90 .0 0 1 6 0 .5 0 - 1 9 0 . 5 0
3 7 .5 1 6 4 .0 0 1 61 .0 0 1 5 2 .0 0 -1 7 4 . 0 0

11

COMPUTER DATA L IB R A R I A N S -----------------------

44

3 8 .5 1 99 .5 0 2 05 .0 0 1 5 7 .0 0 -2 4 0 .5 0

DRAFTERS ------------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

561
5 57

4 0 .0 2 5 6 .5 0 2 51 .5 0 2 2 4 .0 0 -2 8 9 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 56 .5 0 2 5 0 .0 0 2 2 4 .0 0 -2 8 9 .0 0

-

5
1
4

44
44

30
3
27

60
14
46

44
7
37

29
9
20

71
14
57

48
7
41

38
4
34

75
9
66

27
9
18

7
3
4

-

63
2
61

70
9
61

37
3
34

18
18

34
20
14

13
13

-

“

i
i

-

“

“

“

”

-

11

52
52

~

8

1

3

2

-

1

5

3

3

1

6

10

-

i

-

6
6

-

-

15
15

-

13
13

14
14

20
20

55
55

34
34

61
61

98
98

74
70

62
62

48
48

-

70
41

2
2

-

2
2

124
117

9

3 1 9 .5 0 3 0 7 .5 0 2 8 8 .0 0 -3 4 7 .5 0

_

116
95

"

-

“

* W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d as f o l l o w s : 59 a t $420 to $440; 27 a t $440 to $460; 16 a t $460 to $480; and 2 a t $500 to $520.
* * W o r k e r s w e r e a t $120 to $130.
See fo o tn o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .




'

~

"

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .
CLASS B -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

_

~
-

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .
CLASS a :
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

_

“

6

~

“

-

~

-

_

-

“
-

-

-

-

~

”

~

-

-

”

“
~

“

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

35
35

24
24

2
2

-

-

'
“

“

-

*

Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued

O cc u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number Average
weekly
of
hours1
wodeers (standard)
Mean2

Weekly earnings^™
(standard)
Median 2

Middle range 2

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s of—
s
$
$
s
s
$
$
%
s
$
140 150 160 170 180 1 90 2 00 2 10 2 20 2 30
U^ n d e r and,
under
140
150 160 170 180 190 2 0 0 210 2 20 230 2 90

s

240

*

260

$

280

$

300

S

320

s

340

s

360

s

380

%

400

$

420

and
260

280

300

320

39 0

3 60

3 80

900

9 20 o v e r

ALL WORKERS—
CONTINUED
CONTINUED

$
$
$
283 .0 0 2 5 3 .0 0 -3 1 6 .0 0
9 0 .0 2 83 .5 0 283 .0 0 2 5 3 .0 0 -3 1 6 .0 0

289
289

D R AF TER S* CLASS B -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

188
186

9 0 .0 2 9 1 .5 0 2 91 .5 0 2 2 7 .5 0 -2 5 5 .5 0
9 0 .0 2 9 1 .0 0 291 .5 0 2 2 7 .5 0 -2 5 5 .0 0

D R A F TE R S . CLASS C -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

78
76

9 0 .0 2 0 1 .5 0 207 .0 0 1 8 7 .5 0 -2 1 7 .0 0
9 0 .0 2 00 .0 0 207 .0 0 1 8 6 .5 0 -2 1 9 .0 0

EL EC TR ON IC S T E C H N IC IA N S -------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

382
317

9 0 .0 2 75 .0 0 2 85 .0 0 2 2 7 .5 0 -3 2 7 .0 0
9 0 .0 2 6 9 .5 0 2 70 .0 0 2 2 9 .5 0 -3 0 9 .0 0

EL EC TR ON IC S T E C H N IC IA N S . CLASS A MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

160
159

9 0 .0 2 9 1 .0 0 306 .0 0 2 9 3 .5 0 -3 2 7 . 0 0
9 0 .0 2 8 9 .0 0 295 .5 0 2 9 3 .5 0 -3 2 7 .0 0

EL EC TR ON IC S T E C H N IC IA N S * CLASS B MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

175
116

9 0 . 0 2 7 8 .5 0 2 8 9 .5 0 2 5 3 .0 0 -3 2 8 . 0 0
9 0 .0 2 5 6 .0 0 273 .5 0 2 2 0 .0 0 -2 8 9 .5 0

EL EC TR ON IC S T E C H N IC IA N S . CLASS C MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

97
97

9 0 . 0 2 0 9 .5 0 192 .0 0 1 8 9 .0 0 -1 9 7 . 0 0
9 0 .0 2 0 9 .5 0 192 .0 0 1 8 9 .0 0 -1 9 7 . 0 0

R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R I A L NURSES -------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

70
44
26

3 9 .0 2 5 0 .0 0 253 .0 0 2 2 5 .5 0 -2 7 3 .5 0
9 0 . 0 2 9 1 .0 0 2 9 0 .0 0 2 1 8 .5 0 -2 6 1 . 0 0
3 7 .5 2 6 9 .5 0 2 7 0 .5 0 2 9 2 .5 0 -2 8 0 . 0 0

-

3
3

3
3

15
15

6
6

22
22

35
35

98
4b

51
51

95
95

35
35

29
29

2
2

”

~

”

7
7

4
4

4
4

22
22

16
16

35
35

62
62

29
22

11
11

3
3

“

“

-

-

-

6
6

7
7

13
13

18
18

12
12

4
4

1
1

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

"
-

6
6
_

8
8
_

28
28
_

19
19

5
4

29
29

13
12

32
31

93
93

49
49

27
26

98
91

15
11

5
5

2
2

-

-

"

■

-

4
4

29
29

6
6

17
17

13
13

14
14

18
17

92
91

15
11

5
5

2
2

-

~

19
19
-

i
-

3
3

7
6

19
13

22
22

35
35

9
9

56

-

“

-

2
2

-

1
1

8
8

-

-

-

-

8
7
1

2
1
1

8
6
2

5
3
2

19
11
3

18
8
10

9
4
5

1
1

“
-

~
-

o

_

_
-

15
15

_
-

-

3
3
-

_
-

-

-

3
3
-

-

-

See fo o t n o t e s a t end o f t a b l e s .




-

Vi

D R AFTER S* CLASS A -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

O
O&

r*o
00 +p>

DRAFTERS -

7

-

2
2

4
4

6
6

6
6

29
29

~

3
3

-

-

2
2

-

~

-

”
-

-

-

-

-

Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,
in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Average
(mean2)
Number
of
Weekly
Weekly
workers hours1 earnings1
standard) (standard)

43

$
3 7 .5 1 3 9 .5 0

ORDER CLERKS --------------------------------------

77

4 0 .0 2 0 8 .5 0

ACCOUNTING C LERK S:
NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------

79

3 9 .0 1 72 .3 0

NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------

Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
workers

Average
(mean2)
Weekly Weekly
earnings1
hours
(standard) (standard)

PR OFESSIO N A L ANO TECHNIC AL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN

OFF IC E OCCUPATIONS
WOMEN— CONTINUED

O F F IC E OCCUPATIONS - MEN
messengers:

Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Average
(mean2)
Number
of
Weekly Weekly
workers hours
earnings1
(standard) (standard)

T Y P I S T S - CONTINUED
T Y P I S T S . CLASS B:
NONMANUFACTURING -------------NONMANUFACTURING

399

$
3 7 .0 1 3 2 .0 0

510
480

3 7 .5 1 29 .5 0
3 7 .5 128 .5 0

68
51

3 8 .0 144 .0 0
3 7 .5 138 .5 0

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS
(B U S IN E S S ):
NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

739

$
3 7 .0 3 3 4 .0 0

COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS A:
NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

182

3 7 .5 3 9 2 .5 0

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

304
284

3 7 .5 3 3 1 .0 0
3 7 .5 3 3 1 .5 0

ACCOUNTING C LERK S. CLASS A:
NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------

39

3 9 .5 1 89 .0 0

F I L E C L ERK S. CLASS A
NONMANUFACTURING -----

ACCOUNTING C L ERK S. CLASS B
NONHA NUF A C T U R I N G ---------------------

46
40

3 8 .5 1 55 .5 0
3 8 .5 1 56 .0 0

F I L E C L ERK S. CLASS B
NONMANUFACTURING ------

154
145

3 7 .5 134 .5 0
3 7 .0 1 35 .0 0

F I L E C L ER K S. CLASS C
NONMANUFACTURING ------

288
284

3 7 .5 1 23 .5 0
3 7 .5 123 .5 0

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) -----MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

894
107
787

3 7 .5 2 8 2 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 9 3 .5 0
3 7 .5 2 8 0 .5 0

NONMANUFACTURING

76

3 7 .5 1 2 2 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 50 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 46 .5 0

52

4 0 .0 3 1 9 .5 0

NONMANUFACTURING

141
120

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .
CLASS a :
m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------

183
90
93

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .
CLASS B --------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

387
356

3 7 .0 2 6 5 .0 0
3 7 .0 2 6 3 .5 0

641
564

3 8 .0 2 0 2 .5 0
3 7 .5 2 0 1 .5 0

87

3 7 .0 2 4 2 .0 0

345
297

3 8 .0 2 1 1 .5 0
3 7.5 2 1 1 .5 0

197
180

3 7 .5 1 66 .0 0
3 7 .5 1 66 .0 0

476
473

4 0 .0 2 5 3 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 5 3 .0 0

2 38
2 38

4 0 .0 2 7 9 .5 0
4 0 .0 2 7 9 .5 0

166
164

4 0 .0 2 4 1 .0 0
4 0 .0 2 4 0 .5 0

66

4 0 .0 1 9 9 .0 0

297

3 7 .0 3 1 3 .5 0

O F F IC E OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN
2 .6 83
686
1 .9 97
49

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS A -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------

93
36
57

3 8 .5 2 4 5 .5 0
4 0 .0 2 24 .0 0
3 7 .0 2 5 9 .0 0

MANUFACTURING ----NONMANUFACTURING

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS B -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------

506
197
309

3 8 .0 2 2 3 .5 0
3 9 . 5 2 3 0 . OU
3 7 .0 2 1 9 .0 0

MANUFACTURING

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS C -----------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

487
203
284

3 8 .5 1 97 .0 0
4 0 . 0 198 . 0 0
3 7 .5 1 9 6 .5 0

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS D -----------MANUFACTURING -------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

418
232
186

3 9 .0 1 80 .0 0
4 0 .0 1 77 .0 0
3 8 .0 1 84 .0 0

S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS E -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

255
237

3 8 .0 1 6 2 .5 0
3 8 .0 1 6 2 .0 0

NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

111

3 7 .0 1 5 9 .0 0

STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL:
NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

105

3 7 .0 1 57 .0 0

T R A N S C R IB IN G -H A C H IN E T Y P IS T S
NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

157
150

3 7 .0 1 5 5 .5 0
3 7 .0 1 55 .5 0

NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

700

T Y P I S T S . CLASS A:
NONMANUFACTURING -------------------

301

stenographers:

t y p is t s :

3 8.0
40.0
3 7.0
3 9.0

1 9 4 .5 0
2 01 .0 0
1 9 2 .0 0
2 4 5 .5 0

S E C R E TA R IE S --------------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ---------------

ACCOUNTING C L ERK S. C
MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING - -

962
197
765

ACCOUNTING C LERK S. C
MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING - -

992
264
7 28

3 9 .0 1 53 .5 0
3 9 .5 1 5 6 .5 0
3 8 . 5 1 5 1 . 0 0 COMPUTER OPERATORS -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------4 0 .0 181 .5 0
COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS A:
4 0 .0 191 .5 0
NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------4 0 .0 1 7 0 .0 0
COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B ----------4 0 .0 1 81 .0 0
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------3 9 .0 1 53 .5 0
COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C ----------3 9 .5 1 69 .5 0
NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------3 9 .0 1 49 .0 0
3 9 .5 189 .0 0
DRAFTERS -------------------------------------------------------------3 9 .0 1 61 .0 0
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------3 9 . 0 1 8 7 .OU
D R AFTER S. CLASS A -----------------------------------3 9 .0 1 54 .5 0
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------3 9 .0 1 46 .5 0
D R AFTER S. CLASS B ----------------------------------4 0 .0 156 .5 0
MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------3 9 .0 143 .0 0

MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------

177
60
117

3 9 .0 1 65 .5 0
3 9 .5 1 7 3 .5 0
3 8 .5 1 62 .0 0

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------

945
790

3 8 .5 1 55 .5 0
3 8 .0 154 .5 0

3 7 .0 1 38 .0 0

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A -------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------

444
354

3 8 .0 1 63 .0 0
3 7 .5 1 62 .0 0

3 7 .5 1 46 .0 0

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B -------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------

501
65
4 36
47

38.5
40.0
38.5
4 0.0

87
73

ORDER C L E R K S . CLASS B
MANUFACTURING ---------------

64
50
1.9 54
461
1,4 93
3U

MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING - PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S

See f o o tn o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .




8

1 48 .5 0
1 5 2 .0 0
148 .0 0
1 79 .0 0

D R AFTER S. CLASS C -----------------------------------PROFESSIO N AL AND TEC H N IC AL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN
COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
(BU S IN E S S ):
NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,
in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued
Se x, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Average
(mean2)
Number
of
Weekly Weekly
workers hours
earnings1
(standard) (standard)

COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
(B U S I N E S S ) - CONTINUED

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B:
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

42

$
3 7 .0 3 7 9 .5 0

365
346

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .
CLASS B -------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

177
170

computer o p e r a t o r s :

110

3 7 .0 3 28 .5 0

NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

9

S e x , 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
workers

Average
(mean2)
Weekly Weekly
hours * earnings1
(standard) (standard)

PR OFESSIO N A L AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN— CONTINUED

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) -----NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

See f o o tn o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .




Average
(mean2)
Weekly Weekly
earnings1
hours
(standard) (standard)

PROFESSIO NAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN— CONTINUED

PRO F ESSIO N A L ANO TEC H N IC AL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN— CONTINUED

COMPUTER SYSTEM S ANALYSTS
( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS AI
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

S e x , 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
of
workers

210

3 7 . 5 2 5 9 . 0 0 COMPUTER OPERATORS - CONTINUED
3 7 .0 2 6 1 .0 0
COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B ----------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------3 7 .0 2 5 8 .0 0
3 7 . 0 2 5 8 . 5 0 R E G IST ER ED IN D U S T R IA L NURSES:
NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------3 7 .5 1 9 2 .0 0

116
103

$
3 7 .5 2 08 .0 0
3 7 .5 2 1 0 .0 0

26

3 7 .5 2 64 .5 0

Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
Hourly earnings 4
O c c u p a tio n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Number
workers

ALL UORKERS

Mean 2 Median*

Middle range 2

$
7 .7 5
7 .7 5
7 .0 3

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n in g s o f---i
T
s
~i ---------1 -------- %
s
$
i
S
i
i
i
i
i
s
$
$
%
*
4 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 40 5 . 6 0 5 . 8 0 6 . 0 0 6 . 2 0 6 . 4 0 6 . 6 0 6 . 8 0 7 . 0 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 4 0 7 . 6 0 7 . 8 0 8 . 00 8 . 2 0 8 . 4 0 8 . 6 0 8 . 8 0
U n d e r and
and
$
under
4 .6 0
o
ver
7
8
.
8
0
6
.
2
0
.
4
0
6
,6
0
6
,
8
0
,
0
0
8
.
6
0
6
.
0
0
6
8
20
8
.
4
0
4 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 4 0 5 . 60 5 . 8 0
7 .2 0 7 .4 0 7 .6 0 7 .8 0 .0 0 8.

MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS ---------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

in
75
36

$
6 .8 3
7 .1 0
6 .2 8

$
7 .0 5
7 .6 4
6 .0 6

$
6 .0 6 6 .4 9 5 .0 0 -

MAINTENANCE E L E C T R IC I A N S ----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

298
266
32

6 .9 4
6 .9 4
6 .9 7

6 .9 1
6 .9 2
6 .7 6

6 .3 0 - 7 .9 4
6 .3 2 - 7 .9 4
6 .1 3 - 7 .4 4

-

MAINTENANCE P A IN T E R S --------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

60
48

6 .6 4
6 .6 9

7 .1 2
7 .2 4

6 .0 1 - 7 .3 3
6 .0 7 - 7 .3 3

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (M AC H IN ER Y) MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

172
172

6 .7 5
6 .7 5

6 .7 5
6 .7 5

6 .3 2 - 7 .5 1
6 .3 2 - 7 .5 1

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS
(MOTOR V E H IC L E S ) ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

281
56
225
164

7 .3 8
7 .4 9
7 .3 6
7 .8 1

7 .7 5
7 .8 5
7 .1 5
8 .5 7

6 .6 7 7 .2 6 6 .6 7 6 .7 5 -

M IL LW RIG H TS -----------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

108
108

6 .9 0
6 .9 0

MAINTENANCE TRADES HELPERS -----------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

88
81

M ACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS (TOOLROOM) MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

-

1
1
_
-

17
7
10

2
2
~

2
2

1
1

2
2
-

5
1
4

6
6

6
3
3

1
1
-

5
4
i

12
4
8

-

1
1

7
7
“

19
17
2

11
10
1

23
18
5

26
24
2

26
23
3

20
18
2

36
35
1

9
8
1

1

3
3

-

1
1

4
2

3
1

10
10
-

2
1

6
6

3
3

-

3
3

“

~

3
3

6
6

3
3

8
8

5
5

“

7
7

30
30

2
2

32
32

2
15
15

8 .5 7
8 .3 5
8 .5 7
8 .5 9

15
15
1

4
3
1
1

1
1
1

5
1
4
4

3
3
”

3
3
3

_

-

3
3

17
1
16

5
5
-

2
1
1
1

33
33
33

5
5
1

7 .6 4
7 .6 4

6 .0 7 - 7 .8 5
6 .0 7 - 7 .8 5

-

3
3

3
3

5
5

11
11

-

1
1

1
1

9
9

ii
ii

_
-

_
-

5 .7 2
5 .7 3

6 .0 9
6 .0 9

5 .3 1 - 6 .1 8
5 .3 2 - 6 .1 8

4
4

3

11
11

-

11
10

6
6

4
4

2
2

28
28

16
15

1
1

2

169
167

6 .2 7
6 .2 6

6 .1 1
6 .1 1

5 .6 0 - 7 .1 2
5 .6 0 - 7 .1 2

-

36
36

1
i

2
2

7 .1 0
7 .1 0

6 .4 8 - 7 .6 4
6 .4 8 - 7 .6 4

7
7
-

19
19

7 .1 9
7 .1 9

3
3
-

12
12

461
461

21
21
-

-

TOOL AND D IE MAKERS ----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

_
-

3
3

10
10

48
48

31
31

ST ATIO NARY EN GINEERS --------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

43
31

6 .7 0
6 .5 8

6 .5 8
6 .5 2

6 .3 1 - 7 .5 0
5 .9 4 - 6 .9 1

-

-

-

-

4
4

5
5

-

-

BOILER TENDERS ----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

88
46
42

6 .0 9
5 .5 0
6 .7 5

6 .2 5
5 .7 9
6 .5 8

5 .6 9 - 6 .8 3
4 . 7 4 - 6 . 30
6 .2 5 - 7 .0 0

7
*7

12
12

5
3
2

6
5
1

4
4

*

1
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W o r k e r s w e r e at $4 t o $4 .2 0

S e e f o o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e s .




10

3
3

~

1
1

26
26
“

18
18

-

13
12
1

7
7

5
4
1

14
14
-

43
42
1

23
23
-

1
1

3
3

16
15

10
10

_

_

-

1
-

1
-

1
1

11
11

8
8

25
25

16
16

-

1
_
-

5
5
5
_
-

3
2
1
1

11
11
-

20
8
12
12

-

32
32
8
_
-

3
3

31
31

30
30

15
15

1
1

14
12

22
22

16
16

-

-

57
57

25
25

23
23

58
58

21
21

39
39

54
54

7
6

8
4

4
4

1
-

1
1

3
-

15
3
12

10
2
8

2
2

1
9
5
4

_

-

10
10

_

2
2

_

-

3
3

“

1
1
_

3
~
3
_
_
_

32
9
23
23

12
12
12

5
3
2
2
_
-

11
9
2
2
_

54
54
54
-

-

-

“

“

"

“

14
14

*
-

_

30
30

24
24

24
24

9
7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

1

1

_

1

-

1

1

1

-

1

-

1

Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
Hourly earnings 4
O ccu p a tion and in d u stry d iv is io n

N mt
of
workers

Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2

1 .9 0 5
4 56
1 .4 49
647

$
6 .5 2
5 .1 2
6 .9 6
8 .4 2

A LL WORKERS
T RU C KORIV ERS ----------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------

$
58
4 .8 6
6 .5 8
8 .47
6.

$
4 .8 8 4 .6 5 5 .3 5 8 .4 7 -

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f---S
s
*
t
*
s
s
*
S
s
S
s
S
*
S
S
$
%
S
s
$
$
$
2 . 6 0 2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 60 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 4 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 4 0 5 . 6 0 5 . 8 0 6 . 2 0 6 . 6 0 7 . 0 0 7 . 4 0 7 . 8 0 8 . 2 0
and
and
under
o
ver
5
•
40
5
.
6
0
5
.
8
0
6
.
2
0
6
.
6
0
7
.
0
0
7
.
4
0
7
.
8
0
8
.
2
0
4
2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 80 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 5 , 0 0 5 , 2 0

$
8 .4 7
5 .4 0
8 .4 7
8 .4 7

-

T R U C K D R IV E R S t L IG H T TRUCK ---------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

143
132

4 .5 2
4 .4 9

4 .5 0
4 .5 0

4 .0 0 - 5 .0 2
4 .0 0 - 4 .9 0

-

T R U C K O R IV E R S : MEDIUM TRUCK -------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

383
132

5 .6 0
5 .4 1

4 .9 9
5 .0 0

4 .3 0 - 6 .5 3
4 .8 8 - 6 .1 6

-

-

T R U C K O R IV E R S . HEAVY TRUCK ---------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------

271
247
216

7 .9 7
8 .0 9
8 .4 7

8.4 7
8 .4 7
8 .4 7

8 .4 7 - 8 .4 7
8 .4 7 - 8 .4 7
8 .4 7 - 8 .4 7

“

_
“

T R U C K O R IV E R S . T R A C T O R - T R A IL E R -----NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------

5 93
427
341

7 .2 9

5 .3 5 - 8 .4 7
8 .4 7 - 8 .4 7
8 .4 7 - 8 .4 7

-

8 .5 3

8 .4 7
8 .4 7
8 .4 7

-

8 .1 2

4 .5 5
5 .0 U
4 .4 5

4 .2 7 - 5 .7 0
4 .7 2 - 5 .4 6
4 .0 0 - 5 .7 4

-

59
163

4 .9 7
5 .1 0
4 .9 2

R E C E IV E R S -----------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

174
78
96

4 .6 4
4 .8 1
4 .5 0

4 .2 8
4 .9 5
4 .2 5

3 .7 5 - 5 .4 3
4 .0 0 - 5 .4 3
3 .7 5 - 5 .5 2

S H IP P E R S AND R E C E IV E R S ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

137
71
66

4 .5 1
5 .0 7
3 .9 1

4 .3 3
4 .5 0
3 .4 3

3 .5 5 - 5 .1 2
4 .1 3 - 5 .3 0
3 .2 5 - 4 .7 6

WAREHOUSEMEN ---------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

679
318
361

5 .1 7
4 .7 2
5 .5 8

4 .9 6
4 .3 0
6 . 18

4 .1 6 - 6 .5 8
4 .2 5 - 5 .4 3
3 .9 0 - 7 .0 3

ORDER F I L L E R S --------------------------------------------------

160

4 .5 1

4 .7 3

4 .0 0 - 4 .7 3

S H IP P I N G PACKERS ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------

311
244

4 .4 6
4 .3 9

4 .6 5
4 .0 2

4 .0 0 - 4.8 1
3 .7 5 - 4 .9 6

M A T ER IA L HANDLING LABORERS -----------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

1 .0 46
729
317

4 .8 6
5 .1 0
4 .2 9

4 .97
5 .3 9
3 .6 0

3 .8 5 - 5 .8 0
4 .1 6 - 5 .8 2
3 .0 0 - 4 .7 9

F O R K L IF T OPERATORS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

404
297
107
47

5 .8 U
5 .3 6
7 .0 0
8 .3 5

5 .9 9
5 .8 2
6 .1 8
8 .4 7

4 .8 6 4 .8 6 6 .1 8 8 .4 7 -

GUARDS ------------------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

9 80
264
716

3 .8 7
5 .4 8
3 .2 7

3 .1 4
6 .0 9
2 .7 3

2 .7 2 - 5 .1 9
4 .9 7 - 6 .2 8
2 .7 2 - 3 .3 0

S H IP P E R S -------------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

222

6 .0 8
6 .0 3
8.4 7
8.4 7

18
18
-

“
-

“
-

18
18

-

_
-

7
1

"

8

7
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“
8

5

4
4
-

8

5

“

-

18

16

18

6
10

-

_
34

-

34
~
398
398

3
3

7
7

3
3

18
17

48
43

1
1

2
2

7
7

-

3

-

3

28
28

-

3
-

-

-

-

-

119

4

_

62
48

~

i
i

~

4
4

68
6

22

-

19

3

3

19

3

i
1

21
21

10

1
2

7
3

13
9
4

-

11

53
15
38

33
19
14

114

15

11 0

8

46
27
19

7

10

1

30

1

25
25

3

9

10
21

18
18

1

57
9
48

-

_

-

6

17
17

8

29

-

3
3

15

115
24
91

6

1

21
21

31
31

-

28
27

2

1

7
7

-

164
7
-

15
13

11

12

3
3

1

9

91
15
76
"
-

30
19

“
18
18

96
52
44
13
4

31

8

30
27

3
3

-

-

156
128
28

4
4

8

-

_

1 60

41
32
9
25
25

-

8

-

24
24
-

10

16

30
7
23

"
-

176

-

“
-

51
24
27
-

61
39
22

~

1

28

-

-

89
89

57
57

-

4
4
-

-

“

39

41

21

21

18

* W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 583 a t $8.20 to $8.60; and 35 at $9 to $9.40.
* * W o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 8.20 t o $8.60.
See f o o tn o t e s a t end o f t a b l e s .




8

11

20

1

3
9

15

-

22

62

~

4
4
4
4
“

~

19
11
8

3
3

11
11

~
5
2

3

1

10

"
-

~

~

-

-

-

4

14

3

12
2

1

14

3

64

1

10

-

73
73

-

-

83

117
115

43
24
19

3
3
“

28
5
23

-

17
17
“

24
24
-

12
12

6
6

6

4

16
3
13

22
2

~
1
1

~

-

-

-

“

1

103

63
1

10

-

_

-

“

-

-

-

-

1
1

34
34

74
73

50
40

18
7

106
104

2 42
242

1

10

11

2

~

72
60

4
4

39
39
“
4
4

12
12

20 1

12

-

-

30
24
6

43

8

-

-

“

22

6
6

27
15

5
5

8

1

"

-

2
2

36
3
33

10
10

153
48
"
52
45
7

-

”
-

-

“

105
104
1

12

“
~
“
_

-

6

97

-

_

49
9
40

-

21

-

1

“

38
38

9
2

-

20

-

63

-

11

39
36
“
-

341
341
34 1

40

13
“
-

-

-

216
216
216

~

-

"

13
-

1

1

20

1

2
1

61

40

12
6
6

2

-

"

1
1

14

6
11

-

22

~

3

17

3
3

_
-

~

2

2

2

6
6

20

30
25
5

3
3

5

-

~

18
13
5

“

19
19

-

11
11

3
9

1
1

20
20

“

74 * 6 1 8
16
58 6 18
“ 618
“

3
3

~

9
7

2

4
4

-

13
13

2

”

2

9
5
4

20

16
16

2
2

21
20
1

52
51

1

“

3
3
“
12

30
29
29

12
12

~

i
5

6

20

36 3
-

“

5
5
~

1
1

383

-

“

2

~

-

-

2

“
-

~

47
“
** 47

2

3

2
2

3
3

- * * *4 2
42
42
“

-

-

-

~

-

-

-

Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued




12




Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom,
powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers,
by sex, in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
Avers
(mean* )
hourly
earnings4

S e x, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

S e x, J o c c u p a tio n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n
M ATER IA L MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIA L
OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED

MAINTENANCE* TOOLROOM* AND
POWERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - MEN
MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS!
NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

36

MAINTENANCE E L E C T R IC IA N S !
NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

32

6 .9 7

PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S --------------------

---------------------

258
225
164

7 .3 6
7 .3 6
7 .8 1

B O IL ER TENDERS ------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

80
42

6.02

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS
IMOTOR V E H IC L E S ) -----------------------------N O NM A N U F A C T U R I N G

Number
of

6 .7 5

MATERIA L MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIA L
OCCUPATIONS - MEN

Average
(m ean *)
hourly

R E C E IV E R S --------------------MANUFACTURING —
NONMANUFACTURING

161
74
87

$
4 .6 7
4 .7 9
4 .5 6

S H IP P E R S AND R EC EIVER S
MANUFACTURING -----------NONMANUFACTURING —

134
69
65

4 .5 1
5 .0 7
3 .9 2

WAREHOUSEMEN ---------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

6 63
312
351

5 .2 2
4 .7 3
5 .6 4

ORDER F I L L E R S -------------------------------------------------

72

4 .6 2

M ATER IA L HANDLING LABORERS!
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

276

4 .3 7

----------------------------------PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

107
47

7 .0 0
8 .3 5

GUARDS!
NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

591

3 . 36

599
74
525

3 .2 8
4 .1 3
3 . 16

1 .3 40
1 .0 8 6
44

3 .4 4
3 .2 7
5 .6 2

37

4 .5 6

793

3 .0 0

|f o r k l i f t

operators:
n o n m a n u fac tu rin g

TRUCKORIVERS --------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

1.847
406
1.441
6 39

6 .5 1
4 .9 4
6 .9 5
8 .4 2

TRU C KORIV ERS. L IG H T TRUCK ---------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

137
126

4 .5 0
4 .4 7

GUARDS. CLASS B ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

TRUCKORIV ERS. MEDIUM TRUCK -------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------

357
114

5 .5 1
5 .2 9

TRUCKORIV ERS. HEAVT TRUCK ---------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

271
247
216

7 .9 7
8 .0 9
8 .4 7

J A N IT O R S . P O R T E R S . AND CLEANERS -----NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

T RU C K D RIVERS. T R A C TO R -T R A IL E R -----NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------PU B LIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

567
427
341

7 .3 0

S H IP P E R S ------------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

184
33
151

5 .0 5
5 .4 4
4 .9 6

M ATER IA L MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN

8.12

8 .5 3

S H IP P E R S
J A N IT O R S . PO R T ER S. AND CLEANERS!
NONMANUFACTURING

See fo o tn o t e s a t end of t a b l e s .

13




Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for employment shifts.
for selected occupational groups in Hartford, Conn., for selected periods
I n d u s t r y and o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p 5

A l l in d u strie s:
O f fic e c l e r i c a l ______________ _ __________________________
I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s __________________________________________
S k i l l e d m a in t e n a n c e t r a d e s ____________________ _____
U n s k i l l e d p l a n t w o r k e r s . _____________________________
M a n u fa c tu rin g :
O f fi c e c l e r i c a l _____________________________________________
E l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g ____________________________
U n s k ille d p lant w o rk e rs
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g :
O f fic e c l e r i c a l __________ _________________________
I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s __________________________________________
U n s k i l l e d p l a n t w o r k e r s __________________________________

--------------------- M a r c h \ 9 K --------------------- --------------------- M a r c h W l --------------------to
to
M a r c h 1976
M a r c h 1977

M a r c h 1^77
to
M a r c h 1978

6.4
5.7
6.7
7.9
5.7

6.3
5.3
6.2
7.1
6.6

5.6
7.3
9 .7
8.5
5 .8

6.4
(6 )
6.0
8.2
10.1

6.5
(6 )
6.5
7.1
6.5

5 .7
10.4
8.6
6 .9

6.4
5.8
(6 )
2.6

6.3
6.3
(6 )
6.7

5.5
7.3
4.9

See fo o tn o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .

A r e v i s e d d e s c r i p t i o n f o r c o m p u t e r o p e r a t o r s is being in tr o d u c e d i n th is a r e a in
1978. T h e r e v i s e d d e s c r i p t i o n is n o t c o n s i d e r e d e q u i v a l e n t to the p r e v io u s d e s c r i p t i o n .
T h e r e f o r e , th e e a r n i n g s o f c o m p u t e r o p e r a t o r s a r e n o t u se d in c o m p u tin g p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s
f o r the e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g g rou p .

14

B.

E s ta b lis h m e n t p ra ctice s and su p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p ro v isio n s

Table B-1. Minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced typists and clerks in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p i s t s
M a nu fa c tu rin g
M in im u m w e e kly s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r y 7

A ll
in d u s trie s

O t h e r in e x p e r i e n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 8
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

B a se d on s ta n d a rd w e e k l y h o u r s 9 o f---A ll
sc h e d u le s

A ll
in d u s trie s

40

A ll
s c h e d u le s

40

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

M a n u fa c tu rin g

B a s e d on s ta n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 9 of—
A ll
sc h e d u le s

40

A ll
sc h e d u le s

40

377a
XXX

--------------------------

132

43

XXX

89

XXX

1 33

43

XXX

90

XXX

E S T A B L IS H M E N T S HAWING A S P E C I F I E D
MINIMUM -----------------------------------------------------------------

30

18
_
-

14

29

17

5

-

1
2
1
2
3
1
4
i
i

_
1
1
2
3
1
1
4

_
3
1
1
1
6
1
-

_
_
2
~
1
1
-

-

1
1
1
1

-

1
1
-

_
1
1
2
3
1
1
4
i

1
1
_
6
i
4
2
7
1
1
2
1
1
1

-

1
2
2
3
7
2
5

1
1
_
7
2
6
5
8
2
4
i
2
1
1
~

-

*1 0 0.00
*1 0 5.00
*1 1 0 .0 0
*1 1 5.00
*1 2 0 .0 0
*1 2 5 .0 0
*1 3 0 .0 0
*1 3 5 .0 0
*1 4 0 .0 0
*1 4 5 .0 0
*1 5 0 .0 0
*1 5 5.00
*1 6 0 .0 0
*1 6 5 .0 0
*1 7 0 .0 0
*1 7 5.00

9
_
_
1
1
4
1
-

14

_
-

12
_
_
1
1
4
i
i
3
-

43

* 9 5 . 0 0 AND UNDER * 9 7 . 5 0 ----------------------* 9 7 . 5 0 AND UNDER * 1 0 0 . 0 0 ---------------------

12
_
_
1
1
4
1
1
3
-

1
-

e s ta b lis h m e n ts

AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AN0
AND
AND
AND
AND
AN0
AND
ANO

s t u d ie d

UNDER * 1 0 5 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 1 0 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 1 5 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 2 0 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 2 5 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 3 0 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 3 5 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 4 0 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 4 5 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 5 0 . 0 0 -----------------UNDER * 1 5 5 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 6 0 . 0 0 -----------------UNDER * 1 6 5 . 0 0 -----------------UNDER * 1 7 0 . 0 0 ------------------UNDER * 1 7 5 . 0 0 ------------------OVER ----------------------------------------

4

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1
1
-

1
-

1
-

i
i
-

E S T A B L IS H M E N T S HAVIN G NO S P E C I F I E D
MINIMUM -----------------------------------------------------------------

23

11

XXX

12

XXX

32

ii

XXX

21

XXX

XXX

E S T A B L IS H M E N T S UHICH D ID NOT EMPLOY
UORKERS IN T H I S CATEGORY -----------------------

79

20

XXX

59

XXX

58

18

XXX

40

XXX

XXX

See fo o t n o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .




15

1
1

-

i




Table B-2. Late-shift pay provisions for full-time manufacturing production
and related workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
(AllJfull^Jjim e^jnanufacturing^jjroduction^and^j-elate^^orke^j^ s= _1 00 j3e rc en t]_

Ite m

W o r k e rs on la te s h ifts

A l l w o r k e r s 10
Second s h i f t

T h ird sh ift

Second s h i f t

T h ir d s h ift

IN ESTAB LISH M EN TS WITH LATE S H IF T P R O V IS IO N S

87.7

67.2

20.2

4 .2

U IT H NO PAY D IF F E R E N T IA L FOR LATE S H IF T WORK
WITH PAY D IF F E R E N T IA L FOR LATE S H IF T WORK —
UNIFORM CEN TS-P ER -H OU R D I F F E R E N T I A L -------------UNIFORM PERCENTAGE D IF F E R E N T IA L -----------------------OTHER D IF F E R E N T IA L -------------------------------------------------------

2 .9
84 .8
34.3
48 .8
1 .7

67.2
25.6
6 .5
35.0

.5
19.7
5 .9
13.6
.2

9 .2
.7
.2
3 .3

29 .3
9 .9

32.3
11.4

28.5
9.8

25 .8
10.0

4 .7
2 .9
1 .8
1 .2
1 .7
6 .1
5 .6
4 .0
4 .5
•8
.9

•8
.4
1 .2
6 .5
2 .5
4 .9
4 .0
3 .2
1 .3
.9

1 .3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.8
.3
1 .3
.7
.2
.1

.1
< 11 )
.3

3 .5
44.1
1 .3

_
4 .7
1.8

1 .5
11.8
.2

-

35.0

-

PERCENT OF UORKERS

-

-

AVERAGE PAY D IF F E R E N T IA L
UNIFORM C EN TS-PER -H OU R D IF F E R E N T IA L --------UNIFORM PERCENTAGE D IF F E R E N T IA L ------------------PERCENT OF UORKERS BY TYPE AND
AMOUNT OF PAY D I F F E R E N T IA L
UNIFORM c e n t s - p e r - h o u r :
10 CENTS -------------------15 CENTS -------------------CENTS -------------------CENTS -------------------20 CENTS -------------------30 CENTS -------------------35 CENTS -------------------40 CENTS -------------------<15 CENTS -------------------50 CENTS -------------------52 CENTS -------------------UNIFORM p e r c e n t a g e :
7 PERCENT -------10 PERCENT -----15 PERCENT -----OTHER

d if f e r e n t ia l :
FULL D A Y 'S PAY FOR REDUCED HOURS
PLUS CENTS PER HOUR-----------------------------

See fo o tn o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .

16

(ID
.1
(11)
(11)
_
.2

3 .3

Table B-3. Scheduled weekly hours and days of full-time first-shift workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
P r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s
Ite m

O ffic e w o rk e r s

A ll in d us trie s

M a n u fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b lic u tilit ie s

A ll in d ustrie s

M a nu fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

ALL F U L L - T I N E UORKERS -------------------

1 00

100

100

100

100

100

100

HOURS—5 D A Y S ----------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ----------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ----------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ---------------------------------------8 / 1 0 HOURS-5 DAYS ----------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ----------------------------------------1 / 8 HOURS-5 D A Y S -----------------------------1 / 3 HOURS-5 OAYS ------------------------------2 / 3 HOURS-5 DAYS ------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ----------------------------------------1 / 1 0 HOURS—5 DAYS ---------------------------1 / 2 HOURS-5 OAYS ------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ---------------------------------------1 / 3 HOURS-5 OAYS ------------------------------HOURS --------------------------------------------------------5 DAYS ----------------------------------------------------5 1 / 2 OAYS ------------------------------------------HOURS-5 OAYS ---------------------------------------1 / 2 HOURS-5 DAYS ------------------------------HOURS-6 O A Y S ---------------------------------------HOURS --------------------------------------------------------5 DAYS ------------------------------------------------------5 1 / 2 DAYS --------------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS ----------------------------------------

(12)
(12)
2
2

1
1
5
5
-

-

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s

PERCENT OF UORKERS BY SCHEDULED
UEEKLY HOURS AND DAYS
20
25
30
35
35
36
36
36
36
37
37
37
38
39
90
85
87
88
50
60

-

_

-

-

*
-

_

3
2
3
13
3
3
2
14
23
1
(12)
33
33

-

-

2
1
82
80
2
4
(12)
(12)
6
5

89
86
3
5
7
5

7
2
“
70
70
3
(12)
(12)
5
5

85
85
~
8
(12 )
2

( 12 >

-

i

5

-

80.9

39.8

91.6

38.0

-

1

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

~
2
95
95

100

_

3
2
4
17
4
3
2
18
29
2
( 12 )
18
18

-

40
-

-

60
60

-

-

-

3
-

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 7.3

39.0

AVERAGE SCHEDULED
UEEKLY HOURS
ALL UEEKLY UORK SCHEDULES ----------------

90.9

See fo o t n o t e a t end o f ta b le s .




17

8 0.1

Table B-4. Annual paid holidays for full-time workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
O ffic e w o rk e r s

P r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s
Ite m

M a n u fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r ing

P u b lic u tilit ie s

A ll in d ustrie s

M a n u f a c t u r in g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b lic u t ilit ie s

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

3

-

9

7

-

_

_

_

97

100

91

93

100

100

1 00

100

10.0

10.6

8 .7

10.9

10.5

1 1.3

10.2

10.9

-

_

-

1
1
2

-

-

-

-

-

8
1
1
6
(12 )
9

7
2

11

-

~
(12)
1
4
(12)
(12)
8
(12)
1
(12)
39

-

5
6

1
1
(12)
13
19

A U in d u s trie s

PERCENT OF WORKERS
ALL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS —
IN ESTAB LISH M EN TS NOT PR O VID IN G
PA ID HOLID AYS ----------------------------------------IN EST AB LISH M EN TS PR O VID IN G
PA ID HOLID AYS ----------------------------------------AVERAGE NUMBER OF P A ID HOLID AYS
FOR WORKERS IN EST AB LISH M EN TS
PROVID ING H OLID A YS ------------------PERCENT OF WORKERS BY NUMBER
OF P A ID H O LID A YS PROVID ED
7
2
5
6
7

HALF DAYS -----------------H OLID AYS ------------------H OLID AYS -------------------HOLIO AYS -------------------H OLID AYS -------------------PLUS 1 HALF DAY PLUS A HALF DAYS
8 H OLID AYS -------------------PLUS 1 HALF DAY PLUS 2 HALF DAYS
9 HOLIO AYS -------------------PLUS 1 HALF DAY 10 HOLIOAYS -----------------PLUS 1 HALF DAY PLUS 2 HALF DAYS
11 HOLIDAYS -----------------PLUS 2 HALF DAYS
12 HOLIDAYS -----------------13 HOLIDAYS ------------------

(12 )
(12)
(12 )
8
11

-

-

-

8

4
9
(12)
10

33

-

-

-

-

16
1
39
2

15
2
98
3

17
1
6
i

97
97
89
78
70
69
62
53
37
2

IDO
100
95
89
82
81
76
68
53
3

90
90
77
58
97
97
35
29
8
i

-

5

-

10

1
2
7
1
1
6

-

( 12 )
1
5
( 12 )
(12 )
9

-

-

-

1
( 12 )
93

92

1
39
9
i
(12)

100
99
99
96
96
96
88
46
10
(12 )

32
6
5
4

(12)
21
1
29
4

12
3
66
2

(12 )
29
(12 )
11
4

93
93
92
90
90
90
80
97
14
4

100
99
99
94
86
86
85
50
29
4

100
100
99
97
91
90
89
82
71
2

100
99
98
93
85
85
83
39
16
4

-

-

(12)
3

-

8

-

PERCENT OF WORKERS BY TOTAL
P A ID HOLIDAY TIM E P R O V ID E D 1’
5 DAYS OR MORE -----------------------------------------6 DAYS OR MORE -----------------------------------------7 OAYS OR MORE -----------------------------------------8 OAYS OR MORE -----------------------------------------8 1 / 2 DAYS OR MORE -------------------------------9 DAYS OR MORE -----------------------------------------10 DAYS OR MORE --------------------------------------11 DAYS OR MORE --------------------------------------12 DAYS OR MORE --------------------------------------13 DAYS ---------------------------------------------------------See f o o tn o t e s a t end o f ta b le s .




18

Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions for full-time workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
O ffic e w o rk e r s

P r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s
A ll in d us trie s

M a n u fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b lic u tilit ie s

A ll in d u s trie s

M a n u fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b lic u tilit ie s

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

2

-

7

-

98
73
25

100
63
37

93
92
1

100
91
9

100
99
(12)

ICO
99
(12 )

100
100

100
100

33
29
2
1

50
28
3
~

2
30
(12)
2

6
52
(12)
15

3
53
33
3

4
80
4
6

3
45
42
2

68
2
19

61

66
8
26
( 12)
“

53

26

7

6

7

10

41

74
-

89
4

94

88

90

~

5

1
99
"

1
(12)
95

3
1
96

(12 )

(12)
99

4

”

95
5

1
(12)
81

(12 )

18

2
1
96
“

76
23

100
-

1
(12)
80
(12)
19

2
(12)
97
1
“

<12 )
75
25

100
-

PERCENT OF WORKERS
ALL F U L L - T IM E WORKERS --------------IN ESTABLISHMENTS NOT P R O V ID IN G
P AID VACATIONS ----------------------------------IN ESTABLIS HMENTS P R O V ID IN G
P A ID VACATIONS ----------------------------------L E N G T H -O F -T IM E PAYMENT ------------PERCENTAGE PAYMENT -----------------------

_

_

_

_

AMOUNT OF P A ID VACATION A F T E R : 14
6 MONTHS OF S E R V IC E :
UNDER 1 WEEK --------------------------------1 WEEK ----------------------------------------------OVER 1 ANO UNDER 2 WEEKS —
2 WEEKS -------------------------------------------1 YEAR OF S ER V IC E:
1 WEEK ----------------------------------------------OVER 1 ANO UNDER 2 WEEKS —
2 WEEKS -------------------------------------------OVER 2 ANO UNDER 3 WEEKS —
3 WEEKS --------------------------------------------

31
(12)

~

2 YEARS OF S ER V IC E:
1 WEEK ----------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS —
2 WEEKS -------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS —
3 WEEKS --------------------------------------------

17
6
74
(12)

21
9
69
( 12)

9
84
-

3 YEARS OF S ER V IC E:
1 WEEK ----------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS —
2 WEEKS -------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS —
3 WEEKS --------------------------------------------

7
5
86
<12 )
~

6
7
86
( 12)
“

9
85
-

i
99

4 YEARS OF S ER V IC E:
1 WEEK ---------------------------------------------OVER 1 ANO UNDER 2 WEEKS 2 WEEKS -------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS 3 WEEKS --------------------------------------------

7
4
86
1

6
6
87
1

9
85
“

1
99
-

1
1
77
6
12
-

_
2
85
10
a

1
20
(12 I
71

22
( 12)
78

4
17
58

5

*

15

5 YEARS OF S ER V IC E:
1 WEEK ---------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNOER 2 WEEKS 2 WEEKS ------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNOER 3 WEEKS 3 WEEKS ------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER 4 WEEKS 10 YEARS OF S E R V IC E :
1 WEEK --------------------------------------------2 WEEKS ------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNOER 3 WEEKS 3 WEEKS ------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER 4 WEEKS 4 WEEKS -------------------------------------------

_

-

-

-

i
64
35
'

4
-

61
29
”

1
7
~
92
-

-

S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le s .




19

_

(12)
38
4
56
2

_
5
59
2
34

_

2
87
6
5
“

_

9
~
91
~

-

23
3
72
2

'

_

_
"
-

70
30

_

_

50
2
45

94
~

3

6

Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions for full-time workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued
O ffic e w o r k e r s

P r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s
Ite m

A ll in d u s trie s

M a n u fa c tu rin g

12 YEARS OF S ER V IC E!
1 WEEK ---------------------------------------2 UEEKS -------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 UEEKS
3 UEEKS -------------------------------------OVER 3 ANO UNDER A UEEKS
A UEEKS -------------------------------------

1
19
1
70
1
6

20
1
77
2
~

15 YEARS OF S E R V IC E !
1 UEEK ---------------------------------------2 UEEKS ------------------------------------3 UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER 3 ANO UNDER A UEEKS
A UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER A ANO UNOER 5 UEEKS
5 UEEKS -------------------------------------

1
12
60
6
17

_
13
72
10
5

41

(121

AMOUNT OF P A ID VACATION AFTER
CONTINUED

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b lic u tilit ie s

4
17

1
7
83

M a n u fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s

3
~
50
2
A5

6
94
<121

2
35

5
5
~
90
-

14

20 YEARS OF S ER V IC E!
1 UEEK ---------------------------------------2 UEEKS ------------------------------------3 UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A UEEKS
A UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER A AND UNDER 5 UEEKS
5 UEEKS -------------------------------------

5

9

-

-

59
2
3A

91
-

-

“

1

1
<121
10
89
-

_
3
44
1
51
2
<121

_
5
7A
3
18
~

1
12
19
< 12 1
61

_
13
16
< 12 1
70

4

1

4
ii
25
45
9

1
<121
8
56
35

_
3
12
80
2
4

_
5
14
81
-

1
<12 1
8
25
53
1A

_
3
6
52
4
35
(121

30
22
2

1
<12 1
8
19
59
1A

3
6
50
5
36
<121

4
11
25
28

1
<121
8
9

23
2

69
1A

-

-

-

-

-

57
16

-

1
12
17
<121
26
1
39
1

_
13
12
< 12 1
2A
2
48

4
ii
25

30 YEARS OF S ER V IC E!
1 UEEK ---------------------------------------2 UEEKS ------------------------------------3 UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER 3 ANO UNDER A UEEKS
A UEEKS ------------------------------OVER A AND UNOER 5 UEEKS
5 UEEKS ------------------------------------6 UEEKS -------------------------------------

1
12
17
(1 2 1
25
3
39
1

_
13
12
< 121
22
5
A8

4
11
25

MAXIMUM VACATION A V A IL A B L E
1 UEEK ---------------------------------------2 UEEKS ------------------------------------3 UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A UEEKS
A UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER A AND UNDER 5 UEEKS
5 UEEKS ------------------------------------6 UEEKS -------------------------------------

1
12
17
<121
2A
3
AO
1

13
12
< 12 1
22
5
48
“

9

4
ii
37

25 YEARS OF S ER V IC E!
1 UEEK ---------------------------------------2 UEEKS ------------------------------------3 UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A UEEKS
A UEEKS ------------------------------------OVER A ANO UNOER 5 UEEKS
5 UEEKS ------------------------------------6 UEEKS -------------------------------------

31
21
2

-

-

S e e fo o tn o te s at en d o f ta b le s .




A ll in d ustrie s

20

_
3
6
50
5
36
<121

61
2
(12 1
_
2
11
80
2
5

_
5
2
78

_
5
8
38
1
A7
”

_
2
6
56
5
31
<12 1

_
5
2
24
66
3

_
5
8
36
4
A7
“

_
2
6
5A
5
33
<12 1

5
2
15
75
3

_
5
8

2
6
_
5A
5
33
<12 1

~

36
4
A7

16

5
1A
76
3

Table B-6. Health, insurance, and pension plans for full-time workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
O ffic e w o rk e r s

P r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s
Ite m

A ll in d us trie s

M a n u fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s

A ll in d ustrie s

M a nu fa c tu rin g

N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s

ALL F U L L - T IM E WORKERS ------------

IOO

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

IN ESTABLISHMENTS P R O V ID IN G AT
LEAST ONE OF THE B E N E FITS
SHOWN BELOW1 5 ---------------------------------------

93

95

89

100

99

100

99

100

L I F E INSURANCE ----------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS --------------

92
7<*

95
80

86
63

99
69

96
78

99
65

94
83

99
73

ACCIDENTAL DEATH AND
DISMEMBERMENT INSURANCE -------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -----------------

86
70

93
79

72
53

90
59

77
49

97
65

71
44

87
60

SICKNESS AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE
OR S IC K LEAVE OR BOTH16 -----------------

84

89

75

85

97

97

97

79

72
63

88
77

43
35

67
66

56
45

86
60

46
40

68
68

54

59

43

52

84

77

86

67

3

( 12)

4

1

PERCENT OF WORKERS

SICKNESS AND ACCIOENT
INSURANCE ------------------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -----------S IC K LEAVE (F U L L PAY AND NO
W AITIN G P E R IO D ) ----------------------------S IC K LEAVE ( P A R T IA L PAY OR
W AITIN G P E R IO D ) -----------------------------

3

2

6

LONG-TERM D I S A B I L I T Y
INSURANCE -----------------------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

17
13

15
12

22
15

35
29

62
48

46
15

67
58

66
59

H O S P IT A L IZ A T IO N INSURANCE ----------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

89
66

95
71

78
56

99
92

99
34

100
58

98
26

100
92

SURGICAL INSURANCE ---------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

89
66

95
71

78
56

99
92

99
34

100
58

98
26

100
92

MEDICAL INSURANCE ------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

89
66

95
71

76
56

99
92

99
34

100
58

98
26

100
92

MAJOR MEDICAL INSURANCE ---------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

87
62

92
65

78
55

99
92

99
33

97
52

99
27

100
92

DENTAL INSURANCE --------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

95
38

53
46

28
22

86
80

66
17

50
45

71
9

75
60

RETIREMENT PENSION ---------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS ----------------

84
81

90
89

72
65

99
95

96
91

96
86

96
92

96
91

S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e s .




Table B-7. Life insurance plans for full-time workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978
O f fi c e w o r k e r s

P r o d u c t io n an d re la te d w o r k e r s
M a n u fa c t u r ing

A l l in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c t u r in g

A l l in d u s t r i e s

Item
A ll
p la n s

17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

A ll
p la n s 17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

A ll
p la n s 17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

A ll
p la n s 17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

T t P E OF PLAN AND AMOUNT
OF INSURANCE
ALL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS ARE PR OVID EO THE SAME
FLAT-S U M DOLLAR AMOUNT:
PERCENT OF ALL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS18-----------AMOUNT OF INSURANCE P R O V I D E D : 19
M E A N -----------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ------------------------------------------------------MIDOLE RANGE ( 5 0 PER C EN T) --------MIDDLE RANGE <80 PERC EN T) --------AMOUNT OF INSURANCE I S BASED ON A SCHEDULE
WHICH IN D IC A T E S A S P E C I F I E D DOLLAR AMOUNT OF
INSURANCE FOR A S P E C IF IE D LENGTH OF S E R V IC E :
PERCENT OF A LL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS18 -----------------AMOUNT OF INSURANCE P R O V ID E D 19 A F T E R :
6 MONTHS OF S E R V IC E :
M E A N -----------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PERC EN T) ---------------MIDOLE RANGE <80 PERC EN T) --------------1 YEAR OF S E R V IC E :
M E A N -----------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN -------------------------------------------------------------MIDOLE RANGE <50 PERC EN T) ---------------,
MIDDLE RANGE <80 PERC EN T) ---------------5 YEARS OF S E R V IC E !
M E A N -----------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PERC EN T) --------------MIDDLE RANGE <80 PERC EN T) --------------i o y e a r s of s e r v i c e :
M E A N ------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN -------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PERC EN T) ---------------MIDDLE RANGE <80 PERC EN T) ---------------20 YEARS OF s e r v i c e :
M E A N ------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PERC EN T) ---------------MIDOLE RANGE <80 PERC EN T) ----------------

49
*6 .3 0 0
*7 .0 0 0
* 2 .5 0 0 - 9 .0 0 0
*2 .0 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0

5

90
*6 .5 0 0
*7 .0 0 0
*2 .0 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0
*2 .0 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0

47
*6 .8 0 0
*7 .5 0 0
* 5 . 0 0 0 - 9 .0 00
*2 .0 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0

4

$7 * 000
*8 .0 0 0
* 5 ,0 0 0 - 9 ,0 0 0
$ 2 *0 0 0 -1 0 *0 00

40
*5 .2 0 0
*5 .0 0 0
* 5 .0 0 0 - 5 .0 00
$ 5 *00 0 - 5*000

36
*5 .3 0 0
*5 .0 0 0
* 5 .0 0 0 - 5 .0 0 0
* 5 .0 0 0 - 5 .0 00

5

5

12

12
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
(6>

20

15

*6 ,8 0 0
*7 .0 0 0
*5 .0 0 0 -1 0 ,0 0 0
*2 .0 0 0 -1 0 *0 0 0

$7*200
$8*500
*5 ,0 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0
*2 .0 0 0 -1 0 ,0 0 0

-

-

_

-

-

-

*2 .0 0 0
*2 .5 0 0
* 1 .0 0 0 - 3 .0 00
$ 1 *0 0 0 - 3*000

*1 .4 0 0
*1 .0 0 0
* 1 .0 0 0 - 2 .5 0 0
* 1 .0 0 0 - 2 .5 0 0

<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

<6 >
<6>
<6 >
<6 )

(6 >
(6 )
(6)
<6 >

*3 .7 0 0
*3 .0 0 0
* 2 .5 0 0 - 6 .0 0 0
* 1 .0 0 0 - 6 .0 0 0

$3*900
*3 .0 0 0
* 1 .0 0 0 - 6 .0 0 0
* 1 .0 0 0 - 6.0 00

(6 )
<6 )
(6 )

(6 )
<6 )
<6 )
<6 »

<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
(6 )

*7 .8 0 0
$8*000
* 7 .5 0 0 - 8 .0 0 0
*5 .0 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0

*8 .7 0 0
$8*000
* 7 .5 0 0 - 8 .0 0 0
*7 .5 0 0 -1 0 .0 0 0

<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

<6 •
<6 )
<6 I
<6 »

<6 )
<6 )
(6 )
(6 )

<6>
(6)
(6)
(6)

*9 .6 0 0
$8*000
* 7 .5 0 0 - 8 .0 0 0
*7 . 0 0 0 - 2 0 . 0 0 0

*1 0 .5 0 0
*8 .0 0 0
* 7 .5 0 0 - 8 .0 0 0
*7 .5 0 0 -2 0 .0 0 0

<6 )
<6 )

-

~

)

6)
<6 )
( 6 )
(6)

-

6)

(6
(6
(6
(6

-

<

<6 >
<6 >
<6 >
<6 >

*1 0 .8 00
*8 .0 0 0
*8 .0 0 0 -1 1 .0 0 0
*7 .5 0 0 - 2 0 . 0 0 0

*1 0 .7 0 0
*8 .0 0 0
* 7 .5 0 0 - 8 .0 0 0
*7 .5 0 0 -2 0 .0 0 0

(6 >
(6 >
<6 )
(6 >

(6 >
(6 >
<6 >
(6 >

<6 )
<6 }
<6 )
<6 )

<6>
<6 )
( 6 )
<6 )

-

(6 >

( 6 )

S e e f o o t n o t e s a t en d o f t a b l e s .




39

22

)
>
)

6)
<6 )
<6 )
(6)

<

(

“
-

~
~

~

-

-

-

~

-

~
~

~
~
-

-

Table B-7. Life insurance plans for full-time workers in Hartford, Conn., March 1978— Continued
O ffic e w o r k e r s

P r o d u c t io n an d r e la te d w o r k e r s
M a n u fa c t u r in g

A l l in d u s t r ie s

M a n u fa c t u r in g

A l l i n d u s t r ie s

Item
A ll
p la n s

17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

A ll
p la n s 17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

A ll
p la n s 17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

A ll
p la n s 17

N o n co n trib u to r y
p la n s 17

TYPE OF PLAN ANO AMOUNT
OF IN SU R AN C E-C ON TIN U ED
AMOUNT OF INSU RANCE I S BASED ON A SCHEDULE
UHICH IN D I C A T E S A S P E C I F I E D DOLLAR AMOUNT OF
INSURANCE FOR A S P E C I F I E D AMOUNT OF EA RN IN G S:
PERCENT OF A LL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS*8 -------------------AMOUNT OF INSURANCE P R O V ID E D 1” I F :
ANNUAL EARNIN G S ARE * 5 . 0 0 0 :
M E A N --------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ---------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PER C EN T) -----------------MIDDLE RANGE <80 PER C EN T) -----------------ANNUAL EARNIN G S ARE $ 1 0 , 0 0 0 :
M E A N --------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ---------------------------------------------------------------MIDOLE RANGE <50 PER C EN T) -----------------MIDDLE RANGE <80 PER C EN T) -----------------ANNUAL EA RN IN G S ARE $ 1 5 , 0 0 0 :
M E A N --------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ---------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PER C EN T) -----------------MIDOLE RANGE <80 PER C EN T) -----------------ANNUAL EARNIN G S ARE $ 2 0 , 0 0 0 :
M E A N -------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN ---------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PERC EN T) -----------------MIODLE RANGE <80 PER C EN T) ------------------

40

35

18

$ 12,100
$14 •100
i l l .0 0 0 -1 4 ,1 0 0
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -1 4 .1 0 0

$ 1 2 ,6 0 0
<6 )
<6 )
(6»

$13*200
<6 )
(6 )
(6 )

$ 13 ,6 0 0
<6 >
(6 >
<6 >

$8,80 0
$11 ,0 0 0
$5 * 0 0 0 - 1 1 * 00 0
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -1 1 .0 0 0

*9 .6 0 0
* 1 1 .0 0 0
*1 0 .0 0 0 -1 1 .0 0 0
*5 .0 0 0 -1 1 .0 0 0

*8 ,7 0 0
*1 1 .0 00
*5 .0 0 0 -1 1 .0 0 0
*5 ,0 0 0 -1 1 ,0 0 0

*1 0 .2 00
<6 )
(6 >
<6 )

$12 ,8 0 0
$ 14,100
j* 1 4 . 1 0 0 - 1 4 . 1 0 0
$7 . 5 0 0 - 1 4 . 1 0 0

$ 12 ,6 0 0
<6 )
<6 )
<61

$ 1 3 ,8 0 0
(6 )
<6 1
<6 >

$ 1 4 ,0 0 0
<6 >
<6 »
<6 )

$ 15 ,9 0 0
$ 20 ,0 0 0
*1 0 .0 0 0 -2 1 .0 0 0
$7 . 5 0 0 - 2 1 . 0 0 0

*1 7 .5 0 0
$21 .0 0 0
*1 6 .0 0 0 -2 1 .0 0 0
*4 .0 0 0 -2 1 .0 0 0

*1 6 .4 00
*2 1 .0 00
*1 0 ,0 0 0 -2 1 .0 0 0
*1 0 .0 0 0 -2 1 .0 0 0

* 19.200
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

$17 ,8 0 0
$20 ? GOd
*2 0 .0 0 0 -2 0 .0 0 0
$7 . 5 0 0 - 2 0 . 0 0 0

$ 1 7 ,5 0 0
<61
<6 )
<6>

$ 1 9 ,2 0 0
<6 )
(6 )
<6 )

$19*500
<6 )
<6 )
<6 >

$23 ,8 0 0
$ 3 0 ,0 0 0
*1 5 .0 0 0 -3 1 .0 0 0
*1 0 .0 0 0 -3 1 .0 0 0

*2 6 .4 0 0
*3 1 .0 0 0
*3 0 .0 0 0 -3 1 .0 0 0
*1 0 .0 0 0 -3 1 .0 0 0

*2 4 .1 00
*3 1 .0 00
*1 5 .0 0 0 -3 1 .0 0 0
*1 2 .5 0 0 -3 1 .0 0 0

*28«»00
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

$20 ,9 0 0
$22 ,0 0 0
$ 2 2 . 0 0 0 - 2 2 t 000
$7 . 5 0 0 - 3 0 . 0 0 0

$20*200
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

$22*300
<6 )
(6 >
(6 )

$ 2 2 ,6 0 0
<6 )
<6 >
<6 )

*31•100
$41*000
$ 2 0 * 0 0 0 - 4 1 * 000
*1 0 .0 0 0 -4 1 .0 0 0

*3 5 .0 0 0
$41*000
*4 1 .0 0 0 -4 1 .0 0 0
*1 0 .0 0 0 -4 1 .0 0 0

*3 2 .2 00
*4 1 .0 00
*2 0 ,0 0 0 -4 1 .0 0 0
*2 0 .0 0 0 -4 1 ,0 0 0

*3 8 .2 00
<6 )
<6 )
(6 >

AMOUNT OF INSURANCE I S EXPRESSED AS A FACTOR OF
ANNUAL E A R N IN G S :'10
PERCENT OF A LL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS1 8 ---------------------FACTOR OF ANNUAL EARNIN G S USED TO CALCULATE
AMOUNT OF IN S U R A N C E :19 20
M E A N ----------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN -----------------------------------------------------------------MIDDLE RANGE <50 PER C EN T) -------------------MIODLE RANGE <80 PER C EN T) ------------------PERCENT OF A LL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS COVERED BY
PLANS NOT S P E C IF Y IN G A MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF
INSURANCE --------------------------------------------------------------------------PERCENT OF ALL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS COVERED BY
PLANS S P E C IF Y IN G A MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF
INSURANCE --------------------------------------------------------------------------S P E C I F I E D MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF IN S U R A N C E :19
M E A N ---------------------------------------------------------------------MEDIAN -----------------------------------------------------------------MIODLE RANGE <50 PER C EN T) ------------------MIDOLE RANGE <80 PER C EN T) -------------------

$ 12 2,000
$60*000
$ 6 0 .0 0 0 -2 0 0 .0 0 0
$ 6 0 ,0 0 0 -2 0 0 .0 0 0

AMOUNT OF INSURANCE I S BASEO ON SOME OTHER TYPE
OF p l a n :
PERCENT OF ALL F U L L - T I M E WORKERS18 ---------------------

<12 )

6
1.3 6
1.5 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0
.5 0 -2 .0 0
4
2

4
1 .0 4
1 .0 0
.5 0 -1 .5 0
.5 0 -1 .5 0

1 .5 0
1.5 0
1 .5 0 -1 .5 0
1 .5 0 -1 .5 0

3

2

<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
-

1

2

2

<6 »
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

<6 )
<6 )
(6 >
(6 )

<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

-

-

<1 2 )

S e e f o o t n o t e s a t en d o f t a b l e s .




2

3

23

12

42

27

31

25
1 .6 4
2 .0 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0

19
1.5 8
1 .5 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0

15

10

10

9

*2 5 6.40 0
*251.100
$200*000
*2 0 0,00 0
*1 1 0 .0 0 0 -5 0 0 .0 0 0 *1 1 0 ,00 0 -5 0 0,00 0
*1 1 0 .0 0 0 -5 0 0 .0 0 0 *1 1 0 .00 0 -5 0 0,00 0

1

<1 2 )

63

8

17
1.43
1.50
1 .0 0 -1 .5 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0

1.3 0
1.0 0
1 .0 0 -1 .5 0
1 .0 0 -2 .0 0
5

15
2

2

<6 )
<6 )
(6 )
<6 )

<6 >
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )

-

-

Footnotes

S o m e o f t h e s e s t a n d a r d f o o t n o t e s m a y not a p p ly to t h is b u l l e t i n .

14 I n c lu d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r than " l e n g t h o f t i m e , " s u c h as p e r c e n t a g e
o f annual e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d t o an e q u i v a l e n t t i m e
b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as 1 w e e k ' s
p a y . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e a r e c h o s e n a r b i t r a r i l y and do not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t
in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n ; f o r e x a m p l e , c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s
at 10 y e a r s i n c lu d e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n 5 and 10 y e a r s . E s t i m a t e s a r e c u m u l a ­
t i v e . T h u s , the p r o p o r t i o n e l i g i b l e f o r at l e a s t 3 w e e k s ' p a y a f t e r 10 y e a r s
i n c l u d e s t h o s e e l i g i b l e f o r at l e a s t 3 w e e k s ' p a y a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .
15 E s t i m a t e s l i s t e d a f t e r ty p e o f b e n e f i t a r e f o r a ll p la n s f o r w h i c h
at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t i s b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r .
"N on con trib u tory
p l a n s " in c lu d e o n ly t h o s e f i n a n c e d e n t i r e l y b y the e m p l o y e r . E x c l u d e d a r e
l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p l a n s , s u c h as w o r k e r s ' d i s a b i l i t y c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e ­
c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .
18
U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s
a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e l o w . S i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to
t h o s e w h i c h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l i s h at l e a s t th e m i n i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' pay
that e a c h e m p l o y e e ca n e x p e c t . I n f o r m a l s i c k l e a v e a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m i n e d
on an i n d iv id u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
17 E s t i m a t e s u n d e r " A l l p l a n s " r e l a t e to a ll p la n s f o r w h i c h at l e a s t
a p a r t o f the c o s t ‘ is b o r n e b y the e m p l o y e r . E s t i m a t e s u n d e r " N o n c o n t r i b ­
u t o r y p l a n s " in c lu d e o n ly t h o s e f i n a n c e d e n t i r e l y b y the e m p l o y e r .
18 F o r " A l l i n d u s t r i e s , " all f u l l - t i m e p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s
o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s e q u a l 100 p e r c e n t .
F o r " M a n u f a c t u r i n g , " a ll f u l l - t i m e
p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g e q u a l 100
pe r c e n t .
19 T h e m e a n a m o u n t is c o m p u t e d b y m u l t i p l y i n g the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s
p r o v i d e d i n s u r a n c e b y the am ou nt o f i n s u r a n c e p r o v i d e d , t o t a l i n g th e p r o d ­
u c t s , and d iv id in g the s u m b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s .
The m ed ia n in dicates
that h a l f o f the w o r k e r s a r e p r o v i d e d an a m o u n t e q u a l to o r s m a l l e r and h a lf
an a m o u n t e q u a l to o r l a r g e r than the a m o u n t s h o w n . M i d d l e r a n g e (50 p e r ­
c e n t)— a f o u r t h of the w o r k e r s a r e p r o v i d e d an a m o u n t e q u a l to o r l e s s than
the s m a l l e r a m o u n t and a fo u r t h a r e p r o v i d e d an a m o u n t e q u a l to o r m o r e
th an th e l a r g e r a m o u nt. M id d le ra n ge (80 p e r c e n t ) — 10 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k ­
e r s a r e p r o v i d e d an am ou nt e q u a l to o r l e s s than th e s m a l l e r a m o u n t and 10
p e r c e n t a r e p r o v i d e d an am ou nt e q u a l t o o r m o r e th an th e l a r g e r a m o u n t .
20 A f a c t o r o f annual e a r n i n g s is th e n u m b e r b y w h i c h annual e a r n i n g s
a r e m u l t i p l i e d t o d e t e r m i n e the a m o u n t o f i n s u r a n c e p r o v i d e d . F o r e x a m p l e ,
a f a c t o r o f 2 in d i c a t e s that f o r annual e a r n i n g s o f $ 1 0 , 0 0 0 th e a m o u n t o f
i n s u r a n c e p r o v i d e d is $ 2 0 , 0 0 0 .

1 S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e
t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g ­
u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , and th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k l y
hours.
2 T h e m e a n is c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y t o t a l i n g the e a r n i n g s o f
a ll w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s .
The m ed ian d e s ig ­
n a t e s p o s i t i o n — h a lf o f th e w o r k e r s r e c e i v e the s a m e o r m o r e and h a lf r e ­
c e i v e the s a m e o r l e s s th an the r a t e s h o w n . T h e m i d d l e ra n g e is d e f i n e d
b y t w o r a t e s o f p a y ; a f o u r t h o f the w o r k e r s e a r n the s a m e o r l e s s than
the l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s and a f o u r t h e a r n the s a m e o r m o r e th an the
h i g h e r r a te .
3 E a r n i n g s data r e l a t e o n l y to w o r k e r s w h o s e s e x i d e n t i f i c a t i o n w a s
p r o v i d e d b y th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
4
E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s ,
h o l i d a y s , and la te s h if t s .
5
E s t i m a t e s f o r p e r i o d s e n d in g p r i o r to 1976 r e l a t e t o m e n o n l y f o r
s k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e and u n s k i l l e d pla n t w o r k e r s .
A ll oth er estim a tes r e ­
la te t o m e n and w o m e n .
6 D a ta do n o t m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n c r i t e r i a o r data n o t a v a i l a b l e .
7 F o r m a l l y e s ta b lis h e d m in im u m r e g u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e h iring s a l ­
a r i e s that a r e p a i d f o r s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s .
8
E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h as m e s s e n g e r .
9
Data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , and f o r
the m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d .
10 I n c l u d e s a ll p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la te s h i f t s , and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h o s e f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s
c o v e r la te s h i f t s , e v e n t h o u g h the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e not c u r r e n t l y
o p e r a t i n g la te s h i f t s .
11 L e s s th a n 0.05 p e r c e n t .
12 L e s s th an 0.5 p e r c e n t .
13 A l l c o m b i n a t i o n s o f f u ll and h a l f d a y s that add to the s a m e a m o u n t ;
f o r e x a m p l e , th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s
r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 10 da ys
i n c l u d e s t h o s e w it h 10 f u ll d a y s and n o h a lf d a y s , 9 f u l l d a y s and 2
h a lf d a y s , 8 f u ll d a y s and 4 h a lf d a y s , and s o o n .
P r o p o r t i o n s then
w e r e cu m u lated.




24

and

Appendix A.
Scope and Method
of Survey
In e a c h o f th e 75 1 a r e a s c u r r e n t l y s u r v e y e d , the B u r e a u o b ta in s
w a g e s and r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s data f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in
s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n ,
and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e ,
and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . G o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and the c o n s t r u c t i o n
and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s a r e e x c l u d e d . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h av in g f e w e r than a
p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s are also exclu ded b e c a u s e o f in su fficien t
e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n s s tu d ie d . A p p e n d ix t a b l e 1 s h o w s the n u m b e r
o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s e s t i m a t e d to b e w ith in the s c o p e o f th is
s u r v e y , as w e l l as th e n u m b e r a c t u a l l y stu d ie d .
B u r e a u f i e l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o b ta in data by p e r s o n a l v i s i t s at 3 - y e a r
i n t e r v a l s . In e a c h o f th e t w o in t e r v e n i n g y e a r s , i n f o r m a t i o n on e m p l o y m e n t
and o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s o n l y i s c o l l e c t e d b y a c o m b i n a t i o n o f p e r s o n a l
v i s i t , m a i l q u e s t i o n n a i r e , and te l e p h o n e i n t e r v i e w f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
p a r t i c i p a t i n g in th e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y .

A s a m p l e o f th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y is
s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y p r i o r to e a c h p e r s o n a l v i s i t s u r v e y .
T h is s a m p l e , l e s s
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h g o ou t o f b u s i n e s s o r a r e no l o n g e r w ith in th e i n d u s t r i a l
s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y , i s r e t a i n e d f o r the f o l l o w i n g tw o annual s u r v e y s .
In
m o s t c a s e s , e s t a b l i s h m e n t s n e w to the a r e a a r e not c o n s i d e r e d in th e s c o p e
o f th e s u r v e y until th e s e l e c t i o n o f a s a m p l e f o r a p e r s o n a l v i s i t s u r v e y .
The
s a m p l i n g p r o c e d u r e s i n v o l v e d e t a ile d s t r a t i f i c a t i o n o f all
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in th e s c o p e o f an in d iv id u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y i n d u s t r y
and n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s .
F r o m th is s t r a t i f i e d u n i v e r s e a p r o b a b i l i t y
s a m p l e i s s e l e c t e d , w ith e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t h av in g a p r e d e t e r m i n e d c h a n c e
of selection .
T o o b t a i n o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r
p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e than s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d .
W h e n data a r e
c o m b i n e d , e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t is w e i g h t e d a c c o r d i n g t o it s p r o b a b i l i t y o f
s e l e c t i o n s o th at u n b i a s e d e s t i m a t e s a r e g e n e r a t e d .
F o r e x a m p le , if one
out o f f o u r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d , it is g iv e n a w e ig h t o f 4 to r e p r e s e n t
i t s e l f p lu s t h r e e o t h e r s .
A n a lt e r n a t e o f the s a m e o r i g i n a l p r o b a b i l i t y is
c h o s e n in the s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n if data a r e not a v a i l a b l e
f r o m the o r i g i n a l s a m p l e m e m b e r .
If no s u it a b le s u b s titu te is a v a i l a b l e ,
a d d i t i o n a l w e i g h t i s a s s i g n e d to a s a m p l e m e m b e r th at is s i m i l a r t o the
m i s s i n g unit.

O c c u p a t i o n s and e a r n i n g s
O c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r stu dy a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c ­
tu r in g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f the f o l l o w i n g t y p e s :
(1)
O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ; (3) m a i n t e n a n c e , t o o l r o o m ,
and p o w e r p l a n t ; and (4) m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d i a l .
Occupational
c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i s b a s e d o n a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to take
a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u tie s w ith in the s a m e j o b .
O c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu dy a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in a p p e n d ix B.
U n l e s s o t h e r w i s e i n d i c a t e d , the e a r n i n g s data f o l l o w i n g the j o b ti t le s
a r e f o r all i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d . E a r n i n g s data f o r s o m e o f the o c c u p a t i o n s
l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w it h in the s c o p e o f the
s u r v e y , a r e not p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s t a b l e s b e c a u s e e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y ­
m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h data to m e r i t p r e s e n ­
t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t
da ta . S e p a r a t e m e n ' s and w o m e n ' s e a r n i n g s data a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d w hen the
n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s n o t i d e n t i f i e d b y s e x is 20 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f the m e n
o r w o m e n i d e n t i f i e d in an o c c u p a t i o n .
E a r n i n g s data n o t show n s e p a r a t e l y
f o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e i n c l u d e d in data f o r a ll i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d .
L i k e w i s e , f o r o c c u p a t i o n s w ith m o r e th an on e l e v e l , data a r e i n c lu d e d in
th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h e n a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i s not show n o r i n f o r m a t i o n
to s u b c la s s if y is not a va ila b le .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s data a r e s ho w n f o r f u l l - t i m e
w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y s c h e d u l e .
E a r n in g s
data e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s ,
and la te s h i f t s .
N o n p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a l l o w a n c e s and i n c e n t i v e b o n u s e s a r e i n c l u d e d .
W eekly hours fo r office
c l e r i c a l and p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s r e f e r to the s ta n d a rd
w o r k w e e k ( r o u n d e d t o the n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ) f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e
r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r
a n d /o r p r e m iu m rates).
A v e r a g e w eek ly earn ings f o r th ese occu pations
a r e r o u n d e d t o the n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r . V e r t i c a l l i n e s w ithin the d i s t r i b u t i o n
o f w o r k e r s o n s o m e A - t a b l e s i n d i c a t e a ch a n g e in the s i z e o f the c l a s s
in terv a ls.

T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e the l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s in an a r e a
at a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e .
C o m p a r i s o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r
tim e m a y not r e f le c t e x p e c te d w age ch a n ges.
T h e a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l
j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s and e m p l o y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F o r e x a m p le ,
p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by h igh- o r lo w -w a g e f ir m s m ay change,
o r h i g h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s and b e r e p l a c e d by n ew
w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s .
S u ch s h ifts in e m p l o y m e n t o o u ld d e c r e a s e an
1
Included in the 75 areas are 5 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract.
These areas areo c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n th o u gh m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e
Akron, Ohio; Birmingham, A la.; Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, V a.—N.C. ;
w a g e s d u rin g the y e a r .
C h a n g e s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in
Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y .; and Utica—Rome, N .Y. In addition, the Bureau conducts more
t a b le A - 7 , a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s than a r e e a r n i n g s c h a n g e s f o r
limited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of

i n d i v i d u a l j o b s w ith in the g r o u p s .
the U. S. Department of Labor.



A v e r a g e ea rn in gs r e f le c t c o m p o s it e , a re a w id e e s t im a t e s . In du stries
and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b s t a f f i n g , and thus c o n t r i b u t e
d i f f e r e n t l y t o th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b . P a y a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l a m o n g j o b s in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s
s h o u ld not b e a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y o f th e s e x e s w ith in
in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
F a c t o r s w h ich m a y con tribu te to d iffe r e n c e s
i n c l u d e p r o g r e s s i o n w it h in e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s
( o n ly the r a t e s p a id
i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ) and p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c d u tie s w ith in the
g e n e ra l su rv e y jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s . Job d e s c r i p t i o n s u sed to c l a s s i f y e m p lo y e e s
in t h e s e s u r v e y s u s u a l l y a r e m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th an t h o s e u s e d in i n d iv id u a l
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in
s p e c i f i c du tie s p e r f o r m e d .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in a l l e s t a b ­
l i s h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f th e s tu d y and n o t th e n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d .
B eca u se occu pational stru ctu res am ong esta b lish m en ts d iffe r, estim a tes of
o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a i n e d f r o m th e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d ie d
s e r v e o n ly t o i n d i c a t e th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d i e d .
These
d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y the a c c u r a c y o f
the e a r n i n g s data.

E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g 2
C om puter system s
analy sts, cla s s e s
A , B , and C
C om puter p ro g ra m m e rs ,
c l a s s e s A , B , and C
In dustrial n urses
R e g is t e r e d in du strial
nurses
Sk illed m aintenance
Carpenters
E lectrician s
Percent
as f o l l o w s :

c h a n g e s f o r in d iv ic

Skilled m a in ten a n ce—
C o n t in u e d
P ain ters
M ach inists
M e ch a n ics (m ach inery)
M ech an ics (m otor veh icle)
P ip efitters
T o o l and die m a k e r s
U n s k i l l e d p la n t
J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and
clean ers
M a t e r i a l h a n d lin g l a b o r e r s
a r e a s in th e p r o g r a m a r e

com puted

1.

A v e ra g e earnings are co m p u ted f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n f o r
the 2 y e a r s b e i n g c o m p a r e d . T h e a v e r a g e s a r e d e r i v e d
f r o m e a r n in g s in t h o s e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h a r e in the
s u r v e y b o t h y e a r s ; it is a s s u m e d that e m p l o y m e n t
rem ain s unchanged.

2.

E a c h o c c u p a t i o n i s a s s i g n e d a w e i g h t b a s e d o n it s
p r o p o r t i o n a t e e m p l o y m e n t in the o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p in
the b a s e y e a r .

3.

T h e s e w e i g h t s a r e u s e d to c o m p u t e g r o u p a v e r a g e s .
E a c h o c c u p a t i o n ' s a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s ( c o m p u t e d in s t e p 1)
i s m u l t i p l i e d b y it s w e ig h t .
The produ cts are totaled
t o o b ta in a g r o u p a v e r a g e .

4.

T h e ra tio o f g r o u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s is
c o m p u t e d b y d iv id in g the a v e r a g e f o r t h e c u r r e n t y e a r
b y the a v e r a g e f o r the e a r l i e r y e a r .
The resu lt—
e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t — l e s s 100 i s th e p e r c e n t c h a n g e .

Wage trends f o r s e le c te d o ccu p a tio n a l groups
T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s p r e s e n t e d in t a b l e A - 7 a r e b a s e d o n c h a n g e s
in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f m e n and w o m e n in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g
the t r e n d j o b s in b o t h th e c u r r e n t and p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) .
T h e data a r e a d j u s t e d t o r e m o v e th e e f f e c t o n a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f e m p l o y ­
m e n t s hif ts a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n c l u d e d
in s u r v e y s a m p l e s .
The p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , are still a ffe cte d by
f a c t o r s o t h e r th an w a g e i n c r e a s e s .
H i r i n g s , l a y o f f s , and t u r n o v e r m a y
a f f e c t an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a v e r a g e f o r an o c c u p a t i o n w h e n w o r k e r s a r e p a i d
u n d e r pla n s p r o v i d i n g a ra n g e o f w a g e r a t e s f o r i n d i v i d u a l j o b s . In p e r i o d s
o f i n c r e a s e d h i r i n g , f o r e x a m p l e , n e w e m p l o y e e s m a y e n t e r at th e b o t t o m
o f the r a n g e , d e p r e s s i n g th e a v e r a g e w ith o u t a c h a n g e in w a g e r a t e s .

T h e p e r c e n t c h a n g e s r e l a t e t o w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d
d a t e s . W h e n th e t i m e spa n b e t w e e n s u r v e y s is o t h e r th an 12 m o n t h s , annual
rates are shown.
(It is a s s u m e d that w a g e s i n c r e a s e at a c o n s t a n t ra te
betw een su rv e y s .)

F o r a m o r e d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e m e t h o d u s e d to c o m p u t e
t h e s e w a g e t r e n d s , s e e " I m p r o v i n g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y I n d e x e s , " M o n t h ly
L a b o r R e v i e w , J a n u a r y 1973, pp. 5 2 - 5 7 .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s

O ccu pa tion s u sed to com pu te w a ge tr e n d s a re :
O ffice c le r ic a l

O f f i c e c l e r i c a l — C o n tin u e d

S ecreta ries
Stenographers, general
Stenographers, sen ior
T y pists, cla sses
A and B
F ile c le r k s , c la s s e s A,
B , and C
M essengers
Sw itchboard o p e r a to rs

O rd e r cle rk s , cla sses
A and B
A ccou ntin g c le r k s ,
c l a s s e s A and B
B o o k k e e p in g - m a ch in e
o p e r a to r s , cla ss B
P a y r o ll clerk s
K ey entry o p e r a to r s ,
c l a s s e s A and B




T h e i n c i d e n c e o f s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y
w a g e p r o v i s i o n s is s t u d ie d f o r f u l l - t i m e p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s and
office w o rk e rs.
P r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s ( r e f e r r e d t o h e r e a f t e r as
p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s ) in c l u d e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y
w orkers
( in c lu d in g g r o u p l e a d e r s and t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in f a b r i c a t i n g ,
p r o c e s s i n g , a s s e m b l i n g , i n s p e c t i o n , r e c e i v i n g , s t o r a g e , h a n d lin g , p a c k ­
i n g , w a r e h o u s i n g , s h ip p in g , m a i n t e n a n c e , r e p a i r , j a n i t o r i a l and g u a r d s e r ­
v i c e s , p r od u ct developm ent, auxiliary p r o d u c tio n f o r p la n t's o w n
use
( e . g . , p o w e r p l a n t ) , and r e c o r d k e e p i n g and o t h e r s e r v i c e s c l o s e l y a s s o c i ­
a te d w ith the a b o v e p r o d u c t i o n o p e r a t i o n s .
( C a f e t e r i a and r o u t e w o r k e r s

2
T h e earnings o f c om pute r operators are n o t in c lu d e d i n th e w a g e tre n d c o m p u ta tio n t o r this group.
A revised j o b d e sc riptio n is being in troduced in this survey w h ic h is n o t e q u iv a le n t to the previo us de scription.

a r e e x c l u d e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s but i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g
in d u stries.)
In f i n a n c e and i n s u r a n c e , no w o r k e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d to b e
p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s . O f f i c e w o r k e r s in c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s and a ll n o n su p ervisory w ork ers
( in c lu d in g le a d w o r k e r s and t r a i n e e s ) p e r f o r m i n g
c l e r i c a l o r r e l a t e d o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s in s u c h d e p a r t m e n t s as a c c o u n t i n g ,
a d v e r t i s i n g , p u r c h a s i n g , c o l l e c t i o n , c r e d i t , f in a n c e , l e g a l , p a y r o l l , p e r s o n n e l ,
s a l e s , in d u st r ia l r e la t io n s , pu blic rela tion s, e x e cu tiv e , o r tr a n sp o rta tio n .
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and p a r t - t i m e e m p l o y e e s as w e l l
as c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k e r s u t i l i z e d as s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m
b o t h the p r o d u c t i o n and o f f i c e w o r k e r c a t e g o r i e s .
M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s (ta b le B - l ) . M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s
f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s r e l a t e o n l y to the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . B e c a u s e o f the
o p t i m u m s a m p l i n g t e c h n i q u e s u s e d and the p r o b a b i l i t y that l a r g e e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t s a r e m o r e l i k e l y th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s to h av e f o r m a l e n t r a n c e
r a t e s a b o v e the s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l , the t a b le i s m o r e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s
in m e d i u m and l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
(Th e " X ' s " s h o w n u n d e r s t a n d a r d
w e e k l y h o u r s i n d i c a t e that n o m e a n i n g f u l t o t a ls a r e a p p l i c a b l e . )
Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s — m a n u f a c t u r i n g (ta ble B - 2 ) . D a ta w e r e c o l l e c t e d
on p o l i c i e s o f m a n u fa ctu rin g e sta b lish m en ts rega rd ing pay d iffe re n tia ls f o r
p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s on l a t e s h if t s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s c o n s i d e r e d as h a v in g
p o l i c i e s a r e t h o s e w h i c h (1) have p r o v i s i o n s in w r i t i n g c o v e r i n g th e o p e r a t i o n
o f la te s h i f t s , o r (2) h a v e o p e r a t e d la te sh ifts at any t i m e d u r in g the 12
m o n th s p r e c e d i n g a s u r v e y . When e s ta b lis h m e n ts have s e v e r a l d iffe r e n t ia ls
w h i c h v a r y b y j o b , th e d i f f e r e n t i a l a p p ly in g t o the m a j o r i t y o f the p r o d u c t i o n
w o r k e r s is r e c o r d e d .
W h e n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h av e d i f f e r e n t i a l s w h i c h a pp ly
o n l y t o c e r t a i n h o u r s o f w o r k , the d i f f e r e n t i a l a p p ly in g t o the m a j o r i t y o f
th e s h if t h o u r s i s r e c o r d e d .
F o r p u r p o s e s o f t h is s tu d y, a la te shif t is e i t h e r a s e c o n d ( e v e n in g )
s h i f t w h i c h e n d s at o r n e a r m i d n i g h t o r a t h i r d (night) s hif t w h i c h s t a r t s at
o r n e a r m idnight.
D i f f e r e n t i a l s f o r s e c o n d and t h i r d s h ift s a r e s u m m a r i z e d s e p a r a t e l y
f o r (1) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c i e s (an e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s d i f f e r e n t i a l s a r e w e i g h t e d
b y a l l p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in the e s t a b l i s h m e n t at th e t i m e o f the s u r v e y )
and (2) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e s (an e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s d i f f e r e n t i a l s a r e w e i g h t e d b y
p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d on the s p e c i f i e d shif t at the t i m e o f th e s u r v e y ) .
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ; p a id h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; and h e a l t h ,
i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s . P r o v i s i o n s w h i c h a p p ly to a m a j o r i t y o f the
p r o d u c t i o n o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e c o n s i d e r e d t o a p p ly to
a l l p r o d u c t i o n o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in the e s t a b l i s h m e n t ; a p r a c t i c e o r p r o v i s i o n
i s c o n s i d e r e d n o n e x i s t e n t w h e n it a p p lie s to l e s s than a m a j o r i t y .
H olidays;
v a c a t i o n s ; and h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n plans a r e c o n s i d e r e d a p p l i c a b l e
t o e m p l o y e e s c u r r e n t l y e l i g i b l e f o r the b e n e f i t s as w e l l as to e m p l o y e e s w h o
w ill even tu ally b e c o m e e lig ib le .
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s and d a y s (table B - 3 ) . S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y
h o u r s and d a y s r e f e r t o th e n u m b e r o f h o u r s and d a y s p e r w e e k w h i c h f u l l ­
t i m e f i r s t ( d a y ) s h if t w o r k e r s a r e e x p e c t e d to w o r k , w h e t h e r p a i d f o r at
stra ig h t-tim e o r o v e r tim e rates.
P a i d h o l i d a y s ( ta b le B - 4 ) . H o lid a y s a r e i n c l u d e d i f w o r k e r s w h o
a r e not r e q u i r e d t o w o r k a r e p a id f o r the t i m e o f f and t h o s e r e q u i r e d to
w o r k r e c e i v e p r e m i u m pay o r c o m p e n sa t o r y tim e off.
T h ey a re in clu d ed
o n l y i f t h e y a r e g r a n t e d an n u a lly on a f o r m a l b a s i s
( p r o v i d e d f o r in




w r i t t e n f o r m o r e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m ) . H o l i d a y s a r e i n c l u d e d e v e n th ou gh
in a p a r t i c u l a r y e a r t h e y f a l l o n a n o n w o r k d a y and e m p l o y e e s a r e not
g r a n t e d a n o t h e r da y o f f .
P a i d p e r s o n a l h o l i d a y p l a n s , t y p i c a l l y found in
th e a u t o m o b i l e and r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s , a r e i n c l u d e d as p a i d h o l i d a y s .
Data a r e t a b u la t e d to s h o w the p e r c e n t o f w o r k e r s w ho (1) a re
g r a n t e d s p e c i f i c n u m b e r s o f w h o l e and h a lf h o l i d a y s and (2) a r e g r a n t e d
sp ecified
a m o u n t s o f to t a l h o l i d a y t i m e
( w h o le and h alf h o lid a y s a r e
aggregated).
P a i d v a c a t i o n s (ta b le B - 5 ) . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t t h e i r m e t h o d o f
c a l c u l a t i n g v a c a t i o n p a y (t im e b a s i s , p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n i n g s , f l a t - s u m
p a y m e n t , e t c . ) and the a m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y g r a n t e d .
Only b a s i c f o r m a l
p la n s a r e r e p o r t e d . V a c a t i o n b o n u s e s , v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s p la n s , and " e x t e n d e d "
o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f i t s b e y o n d b a s i c p la n s a r e e x c l u d e d .
F o r ta b u la t in g v a c a t i o n p a y g r a n t e d , a ll p r o v i s i o n s a r e e x p r e s s e d
on a tim e b a s i s .
V a c a t i o n p a y c a l c u l a t e d on o t h e r than a t i m e b a s i s is
c o n v e r t e d to it s e q u iv a le n t t i m e p e r i o d .
T w o p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n i n g s ,
f o r e x a m p l e , is t a b u la t e d as 1 w e e k ' s v a c a t i o n p a y .
A l s o , p r o v i s i o n s a f t e r e a c h s p e c i f i e d le n gth o f s e r v i c e a r e r e la t e d
t o a ll p r o d u c t i o n o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t r e g a r d l e s s o f le n gth o f
s e r v i c e . V a c a t i o n p la n s c o m m o n l y p r o v i d e f o r a l a r g e r am ount o f v a c a t i o n
p a y as s e r v i c e le n g t h e n s . Co u n ts o f p r o d u c t i o n o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s b y le n gth
o f s e r v i c e w e r e not obtain ed.
T h e t a b u la t io n s o f v a c a t i o n pa y g r a n te d
p r e s e n t , t h e r e f o r e , s t a t i s t i c a l m e a s u r e s o f t h e s e p r o v i s i o n s r a t h e r than
p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s actu ally r e c e iv in g s p e c i f i c b en efits.
H e a l th , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s ( ta b le s B - 6 and B - 7 ) . H ealth ,
i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s i n c l u d e p la n s f o r w h i c h the e m p l o y e r pa y s
e i t h e r a ll o r p a r t o f the c o s t .
T h e c o s t m a y b e (1) u n d e r w r it t e n b y a
c o m m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r n o n p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n , (2) c o v e r e d b y a
u nio n fund t o w h i c h the e m p l o y e r h as c o n t r i b u t e d , o r (3) b o r n e d i r e c t l y b y
the e m p l o y e r out o f o p e r a t i n g funds o r a fund s e t a s i d e to c o v e r the c o s t .
A p la n is i n c l u d e d e v e n th o u g h a m a j o r i t y o f the e m p l o y e e s in an e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t do n o t c h o o s e to p a r t i c i p a t e in it b e c a u s e t h e y a r e r e q u i r e d to b e a r
p a r t o f it s c o s t ( p r o v i d e d the c h o i c e to p a r t i c i p a t e is a v a ila b le o r w i l l
e v e n t u a l l y b e c o m e a v a i l a b l e to a m a j o r i t y ) .
L e g a l l y r e q u i r e d pla ns s u c h as
s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t , w o r k e r s ' d i s a b i l i t y c o m p e n s a t i o n , and
te m p o r a r y disability in su rance 3 are exclu ded.

3
Temporary disability insurance which provides benefits to covered workers disabled by injury or illness
which is not work-connected is mandatory under State laws in California, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode
Island. Establishment plans which meet only the legal requirements are excluded from these data, but those
under which (1) employers contribute more than is legally required or (2) benefits exceed those specified in the
State law are included. In Rhode Island, benefits are paid out of a State fund to which only employees
contribute. In each of the other three States, benefits are paid either from a State fund or through a private plan.
State fund financing: In California, only employees contribute to the State fund; in New Jersey,
employees and employers contribute; in New York, employees contribute up to a specified maximum
and employers pay the difference between the employees' share and the total contribution required.
Private plan financing: In California and New Jersey, employees cannot be required to contribute
more than they would if- they were covered by the State fund; in New York, employees can agree
to contribute more if the State rules that the additional contribution is commensurate with the
benefit provided.
Federal legislation ( Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act) provides temporary disability insurance benefits
to railroad workers for illness or injury, whether work-connected or not. The legislation requires that employers
bear the entire cost of the insurance.

L i f e i n s u r a n c e i n c l u d e s f o r m a l p la n s p r o v i d i n g i n d e m n i t y ( u s u a ll y
th r o u g h an i n s u r a n c e p o l i c y ) in c a s e o f d e a t h o f the c o v e r e d w o r k e r .
I n f o r m a t i o n i s a l s o p r o v i d e d in t a b l e B - 7 o n t y p e s o f l i f e i n s u r a n c e p la n s
and the a m o u n t o f c o v e r a g e ip a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d and in m a n u f a c t u r i n g .
A c c i d e n t a l d e a t h and d i s m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e is l i m i t e d to p la n s
w h i c h p r o v i d e b e n e f i t p a y m e n t s in c a s e o f d e a t h o r l o s s o f l i m b o r sigh t as a
d i r e c t r e s u l t o f an a c c i d e n t .

Labor-m anagem ent agreem en t c o v e r a g e
T h e f o l l o w i n g t a b u la t io n s h o w s t h e p e r c e n t o f f u l l - t i m e p r o d u c t i o n
and o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e H a r t f o r d a r e a in w h i c h
a u nio n c o n t r a c t o r c o n t r a c t s c o v e r e d a m a j o r i t y o f t h e w o r k e r s in the
r e s p e c t i v e c a t e g o r i e s , M a r c h 1978:
P r o d u c t i o n and
related w o r k e r s

S i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e i n c l u d e s o n l y t h o s e p la n s w h i c h
p r o v i d e that p r e d e t e r m i n e d c a s h p a y m e n t s b e m a d e d i r e c t l y t o e m p l o y e e s
w h o l o s e t i m e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s o r i n j u r y , e . g . , $ 50 a w e e k
f o r up to 26 w e e k s o f d i s a b i l i t y .
S i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p l a n s 4 w h i c h p r o v i d e f o r
co n tin uin g an e m p l o y e e ' s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s .
Data c o l l e c t e d d i s t i n g u i s h b e t w e e n (1) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e fu ll p a y w ith no
w a itin g p e r i o d , and (2) p la n s w h i c h e i t h e r p r o v i d e p a r t i a l p a y o r r e q u i r e a
w a itin g p e r i o d .
L o n g - t e r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o v i d e p a y m e n t s to t o t a l l y
d i s a b l e d e m p l o y e e s upon th e e x p i r a t i o n o f t h e i r p a i d s i c k l e a v e a n d / o r s i c k ­
n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e , o r a f t e r a p r e d e t e r m i n e d p e r i o d o f d i s a b i l i t y
( t y p i c a l l y 6 m o n t h s ) . P a y m e n t s a r e m a d e until th e end o f the d i s a b i l i t y , a
m axim u m age, o r e ligib ility fo r retirem en t b en efits.
Full o r partial p a y ­
m e n t s a r e a l m o s t a lw a y s r e d u c e d b y s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , w o r k e r s ' d i s a b i l i t y
c o m p e n s a t i o n , and p r i v a t e p e n s i o n b e n e f i t s p a y a b l e to the d i s a b l e d e m p l o y e e .
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , s u r g i c a l , and m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e p la n s r e p o r t e d
in t h e s e s u r v e y s p r o v i d e f u ll o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t f o r b a s i c s e r v i c e s r e n d e r e d .
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e c o v e r s h o s p i t a l r o o m and b o a r d and m a y c o v e r
oth er h osp ital e x p e n s e s . S u r g ic a l in su ra n c e c o v e r s s u r g e o n s ' f e e s . M e d ic a l
in su ra n ce c o v e r s d o c t o r s ' fe e s f o r h o m e , o f f i c e , o r h osp ital c a lls .
P lan s
r e s t r i c t e d to p o s t - o p e r a t i v e m e d i c a l c a r e o r a d o c t o r ' s c a r e f o r m i n o r
a ilm e n t s at a w o r k e r ' s p l a c e o f e m p l o y m e n t a r e not c o n s i d e r e d to be
m ed ical in surance.
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e c o v e r a g e a p p l i e s t o s e r v i c e s w h i c h go
b e y o n d the b a s i c s e r v i c e s c o v e r e d u n d e r h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , s u r g i c a l , and
m ed ical in surance.
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e t y p i c a l l y (1) r e q u i r e s that a
" d e d u c t i b l e " ( e . g . , $ 5 0 ) b e m e t b e f o r e b e n e f i t s b e g i n , (2) has a c o i n s u r a n c e
f e a t u r e that r e q u i r e s the i n s u r e d t o p a y a p o r t i o n ( e . g . , 20 p e r c e n t ) o f
c e r t a i n e x p e n s e s , and (3) h as a s p e c i f i e d d o l l a r m a x i m u m o f b e n e f i t s ( e . g . ,
$ 10, 000 a y e a r ) .

A l l i n d u s t r i e s ___________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ______
P u b l i c u t ilit ie s ______

55
61

2

44
83

2
44

A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t is c o n s i d e r e d t o h a v e a c o n t r a c t c o v e r i n g a ll
p r o d u c t i o n o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s if a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s is c o v e r e d b y
a la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t agreem ent.
T h e r e fo r e , all oth er p r odu ction o r o ffic e
w o r k e r s a r e e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s that e i t h e r do not h a v e l a b o r m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t s in e f f e c t , o r h a v e c o n t r a c t s that a p p ly to f e w e r than
h a lf o f t h e i r p r o d u c t i o n o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
E s tim a te s a r e not n e c e s s a r i l y
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f the extent to w h i c h a ll w o r k e r s in th e a r e a m a y b e c o v e r e d
b y th e p r o v i s i o n s of l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , b e c a u s e s m a l l e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d and the i n d u s t r i a l s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y is l i m i t e d .

I n d u s t r ia l c o m p o s i t i o n in m a n u f a c t u r i n g
O v e r t w o - f i f t h s o f th e w o r k e r s w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y in
t h e H a r t f o r d a r e a w e r e e m p l o y e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g f i r m s .
The follow ing
p r e s e n t s th e m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s and s p e c i f i c i n d u s t r i e s a s a p e r c e n t o f
a ll m a n u f a c t u r i n g :

D e n t a l i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o v i d e n o r m a l d e n ta l s e r v i c e b e n e f i t s ,
u s u a lly f o r f i l l i n g s , e x t r a c t i o n s , and X - r a y s . P l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e b e n e f i t s
o n ly f o r o r a l s u r g e r y o r r e p a i r i n g a c c i d e n t d a m a g e a r e n ot r e p o r t e d .
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s p r o v i d e f o r r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s to the
retiree fo r life.
I n c l u d e d a r e d e f e r r e d p r o f i t - s h a r i n g p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e
the o p t io n o f p u r c h a s i n g a l i f e t i m e annuity.

4
A n e sta blis hm e n t is considered as h a v in g a f o r m a l pla n i f i t specifies a t le a s t th e m i n i m u m n u m b e r
o f days o f sick le a v e a v a ila b le t o each e m p lo ye e . Such a p la n need n o t be w r i t t e n , but i n f o r m a l sick le a ve
allowances d e te rm in e d o n an in d iv id u a l basis are excluded.




O ffice w o r k e r s

Industry grou ps

S p e c ific in d u stries

M a c h i n e r y , e x ce p t
34
e l e c t r i c a l . . ____
F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ___ 18
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ____ 16
8
E l e c t r i c a nd e l e c t r o n i c
e q u i p m e n t _____________________
7
P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ____
5

G e n e r a l in du strial
m a c h i n e r y __________________ . . 16
A i r c r a f t and p a r t s
. . 15
E n g i n e s a nd t u r b i n e s
. . 10
C o m m e r c i a l p rinting
8
O r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ,
7
N E C _________________________ . .
E le ctro n ic com ponents
and a c c e s s o r i e s __________ __
7
N o n fe rr o u s rollin g
5
and d r a w i n g _______________
M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y __
5

T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n is b a s e d o n e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d
f r o m u n iv erse m aterials com p ile d b e fo r e actual s u rv e y .
P rop ortion s
in
v a r i o u s i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t i o n s b a s e d o n th e r e s u l t s
o f th e s u r v e y a s shown in a p p e n d ix t a b l e 1.

Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied
in Hartford, Conn.,1 March 1978
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s

N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s

In d u s try d iv is io n 2

M in im u m
e m p lo y m e n t
in e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f stu d y

W ith in s c o p e o f s t u d y
W ith in s c o p e
o f stu d y 3

S tu d ied
S tu d ie d
N um ber

ALL D I V I S I O N S

P ercen t

F u ll-t im e
p r o d u c tio n and
r e la te d w o r k e r s

F u ll-t im e
o ffic e w o rk e r s

T o t a l4

T o t a l4

----------------------------------------------------------------

_

6 44

131

1 70 .8 0 3

100

66.066

39.563

1 02.221

MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------------------------------TR ANSPORTATION. COMMUNICATIO N. AND
OTHER P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S 5 ------------------------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------------------------------------------R E T A IL TRADE --------------------------------------------------------------------F IN A N C E . INSURANCE. AND REAL ESTATE --------------S E R V IC E S 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

50
-

2 20
424

42
89

75.935
94.868

44
56

43.449
22.617

9.3 34
30.22 9

4 8.379
5 3.842

50
50
50
50
50

43
73
157
60
91

20
10
18
15
26

8 .5 48
8 .3 0 6
2 3.661
42.075
12.278

5
5
14
25
7

3 .6 00

1.6 09

6 .6 06
2.5 12
7 .0 22
33.338
4 t 364

1 T h e H a r t f o r d S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y t h e O f f i c e o f M a n a g e m e n t
a n d B u d g e t t h r o u g h F e b r u a r y 1 9 7 4 , c o n s i s t s o f t h e c i t y o f H a r t f o r d , 21 to w n s in H a r t f o r d C o u n ty , a n d
N e w H a r t f o r d t o w n in L i t c h f i e l d C o u n ty ; 3 t o w n s in M i d d l e s e x C o u n ty , C o l c h e s t e r t o w n in N e w L o n d o n
C o u n t y , a n d 10 t o w n s in T o ll a n d C o u n ty .
T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in
t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e la b o r f o r c e
in c lu d e d in t h e s u r v e y .
E s t i m a t e s a r e n ot in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , fo r c o m p a r i s o n w ith o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t
in d e x e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s
e s t a b l is h m e n t d a t a c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d (2 ) s m a l l
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1 97 2 e d i t io n o f t h e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d t o c l a s s i f y
e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n .
H o w e v e r , a ll g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e
s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
»




( <> >

<6 J

( ^)
<<• >

(6 )
<6 )

>
<<> )

<6

3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e t h e m in im u m li m it a t io n .
A ll
o u t le t s (w it h in t h e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in in d u s t r ie s s u c h a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
and m o t io n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s o n e e s t a b l is h m e n t .
4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , p a r t - t i m e , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e
p r o d u c t io n a n d o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s .
5 A b b r e v i a t e d t o " p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s " in t h e A - a n d B - s e r i e s t a b l e s .
T a x i c a b s and s e r v i c e s
in c id e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n a r e e x c l u d e d .
6 S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f d a ta is n o t m a d e f o r t h is d i v i s i o n .
7 H o t e l s a n d m o t e l s ; l a u n d r i e s and o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le
r e p a i r , r e n t a l , and p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s (e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s
a n d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; a n d e n g in e e r in g and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .

29




Appendix B.
Occupational
Descriptions
T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r i n g j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r the
B u re a u 's w age
s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f i e l d s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g into
a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s who are e m p lo y e d under a v a r ie t y o f
p a y r o l l t i t l e s and d i f f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t to
e s t a b l i s h m e n t and f r o m a r e a t o a r e a .
T h is p e r m i t s th e g r o u p i n g o f
o c c u p a t io n a l w age ra te s re p re se n tin g co m p a r a b le jo b content.
Because
o f t h is e m p h a s i s o n i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t and i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y
o f occu pation al
c o n t e n t , the B u r e a u ' s j o b
descriptions m ay differ s ig ­
n ifica n tly fr o m
t h o s e in use in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e ­
pa red fo r other pu rp oses.
In a p p ly in g t h e s e j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s , the
B u r e a u ' s f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e i n s t r u c t e d to e x c l u d e w o r k i n g s u p e r ­
v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t i c e s ; and p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s .
H an dicapped w o r k e r s
whose earnings are red u ced b e c a u s e o f their
h a n d i c a p a r e a l s o e x c l u d e d . L e a r n e r s , b e g i n n e r s , and t r a i n e e s , u n l e s s
s p e c i f i c a l l y i n c l u d e d in the j o b d e s c r i p t i o n , a r e e x c l u d e d .

Office
S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d

SECRETARY

E x c l u s i o n s — C o n tin u e d

A s s i g n e d as a p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y to o n e in d i v i d u a l .
M a i n t a i n s a c l o s e and h i g h l y r e s p o n s i v e r e l a t i o n s h i p to the d a y - t o - d a y a c t i v ­
i t i e s o f t h e s u p e r v i s o r . W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n t ly r e c e i v i n g a m i n i m u m o f
d e t a i l e d s u p e r v i s i o n a nd g u i d a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r i e d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l
d u ties
r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f o f f i c e rou tin e and u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f the
o r g a n i z a t i o n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e l a t e d t o th e w o r k o f the s u p e r v i s o r .
E xclu sion s
Not a l l p o s i t i o n s that a r e t i t l e d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the a b o v e
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . E x a m p l e s o f p o s i t i o n s w h i c h a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e d e f i n i t i o n
a r e as f o l l o w s :




a.

P o s i t i o n s w h i c h do not
d e scrib e d above;

m e e t th e

"p erson a l"

b.

S t e n o g r a p h e r s n ot f u l l y t r a i n e d in s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u t ie s ;

c.

S t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v i n g as o f f i c e a s s i s t a n t s
fe ss io n a l, tech n ica l, o r m an a geria l p e rso n s ;

d.

A s s i s t a n t - t y p e p o s i t i o n s w h i c h e n ta il m o r e d if f i c u l t o r m o r e r e ­
s p o n s i b l e t e c h n i c a l , a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , o r s u p e r v i s o r y d u tie s w h i c h
a r e n ot t y p i c a l ' o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k , e . g . , A d m i n i s t r a t i v e A s s i s t ­
ant, o r E x e c u t i v e A s s i s t a n t ;

L is t e d b e lo w a re s e v e r a l o c cu p a tio n s f o r w h ich r e v is e d d e s c r ip tio n s o r titles are being in trod u ced
in th is s u r v e y :
Guard
S h i p p e r and r e c e i v e r
(previou sly surveyed
as s h ip p in g and
receiv in g clerk )
T ru ck d riv er

O rd e r clerk
P a y r o ll clerk
Secretary
K ey entry o p e r a t o r
T r a n s c r i b i n g -m a c h i n e typist
Com puter operator

T h e B u r e a u has d i s c o n t i n u e d c o l l e c t i n g data f o r t a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r .
c l a s s i f i e d as w a t c h m e n a r e n o w c l a s s i f i e d as g u a r d s u n d e r the r e v i s e d d e s c r i p t i o n .

31

W ork ers p reviou sly

secretary

to a g r o u p

concept

of p r o ­

S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d

S E C R E T A R Y — C on tin u ed

E x c l u s i o n s — C o n tin u e d

C l a s s i f i c a t i o n b y L e v e l — C o n tin ue d

e.

P o s i t i o n s w h i c h do n o t fit any o f th e s it u a t io n s l i s t e d in the
s e c t i o n s b e l o w t i t l e d ' ' L e v e l o f S u p e r v i s o r , " e . g . , s e c r e t a r y t o the
p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ;

f.

T rain ees.

C la ssification by L e v e l

L£>—4

S e c r e t a r y j o b s w h i c h m e e t th e a b o v e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a r e m a t c h e d at
o n e o f f iv e l e v e l s a c c o r d i n g t o (a) th e l e v e l o f th e s e c r e t a r y ' s s u p e r v i s o r
w ith in the c o m p a n y ' s o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e and, (b) th e l e v e l o f th e
s e c r e t a r y ' s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y . T h e c h a r t f o l l o w i n g th e e x p l a n a t i o n s o f t h e s e tw o
f a c t o r s i n d i c a t e s th e l e v e l o f th e s e c r e t a r y f o r e a c h c o m b i n a t i o n o f the
factors.

e.

S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d o f a l a r g e and i m p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l
s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m i d d l e m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n i ­
z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t o f t e n i n v o l v i n g as m a n y as s e v e r a l h u n d r e d
p e r s o n s ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s .

a.

S e c r e t a r y to the c h a i r m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y
that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but f e w e r th an 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

b.

S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n th e c h a i r m a n o f
th e b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l ,
o v e r 5, 000 but f e w e r than 25, 0 00 p e r s o n s ; o r

c.

S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d , i m m e d i a t e l y b e l o w th e c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r
l e v e l , o f a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s i d i a r y o f a c o m p a n y that
e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 25 , 000 p e r s o n s .

L e v e l o f S e c r e t a r y ' s S u p e r v i s o r (L S)
S e c r e t a r i e s s h o u ld b e m a t c h e d at o n e o f th e f o u r LS l e v e l s d e s c r i b e d
b e l o w a c c o r d i n g to th e l e v e l o f th e s e c r e t a r y ' s s u p e r v i s o r w ith in th e c o m p a n y
organ izational stru cture.
LS—1

LS—2

LS—3

a.

S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v i s o r o r h e a d o f a s m a l l
unit ( e . g . , f e w e r th an about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o r

org a n izational

b.

S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v i s o r y s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s i o n a l
e m p lo y e e , a dm inistrative o f f i c e r o r assista n t, sk illed technician
o r expert.
(N O TE:
M any
com panies
assign sten ograph ers,
r a t h e r than s e c r e t a r i e s as d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , t o th is l e v e l o f
su p erv isory o r n on su p ervisory w o rk e r.)

a.

S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u t i v e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n ­
s i b i l i t y is n o t e q u iv a le n t t o o n e o f the s p e c i f i c l e v e l s it u a t io n s in
th e d e f i n i t i o n f o r LS—3, but w h o s e o r g a n i z a t i o n a l unit n o r m a l l y
n u m b e r s at l e a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p l o y e e s and i s u s u a l l y d i v i d e d
in to o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w h i c h a r e o f t e n , in t u r n , f u r t h e r
s u b d i v i d e d . In s o m e c o m p a n i e s , th is l e v e l i n c l u d e s a w i d e ra n g e
o f o r g a n i z a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly o n e o r t w o ; o r

b.

S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d o f an in d i v i d u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . , ( o r
o t h e r e q u i v a l e n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) that e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r
th an 5, 000 p e r s o n s .

a.

S e c r e t a r y t o th e c h a i r m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y
that e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r th an 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

b.

S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r than c h a i r m a n o f th e
b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100
but f e w e r than 5, 000 p e r s o n s ; o r

c.

S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d ( i m m e d i a t e l y b e l o w th e o f f i c e r l e v e l ) o v e r
e ith e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a te w id e functional activ ity ( e .g ., m a r k e tin g ,
r e s e a r c h , o p e r a tio n s , in du strial r e la tio n s, etc .) o r a m a jo r
geograp h ic o r organ izational segm ent (e .g ., a region al h ead q u a r­
t e r s ; a m a j o r d i v i s i o n ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a l l ,
o v e r 5, 000 but f e w e r than 2 5 , 000 e m p l o y e e s ; o r

d.

S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f
(o r oth er equivalent le v e l
o v e r 5 ,0 00 p e r so n s ; o r




N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r " u s e d in the a b o v e LS d e f ­
in i t i o n r e f e r s to t h o s e o f f i c i a l s who h av e a s i g n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e w i d e p o l i c y ­
m a k i n g r o l e w ith r e g a r d to m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s .
T h e t i t le " v i c e
p r e s i d e n t , " t h o u g h n o r m a l l y i n d i c a t i v e o f t h is r o l e , d o e s n o t in a ll c a s e s
i d e n t i f y s u c h p o s i t i o n s . V i c e p r e s i d e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s to
a c t p e r s o n a l l y o n in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t i o n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r d e n y
individual loan o r c r e d it a ctio n s; a d m in is te r individual tru st a c c o u n t s; d i ­
r e c t l y s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s ta ff) a r e n o t c o n s i d e r e d to b e " c o r p o r a t e
o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f a p p lyin g the d e f i n i t i o n .
L e v e l o f S e c r e t a r y 's R esp o n sib ility (LR)
T h i s f a c t o r e v a lu a t e s the n a t u r e o f th e w o r k r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n
th e s e c r e t a r y and the s u p e r v i s o r , and th e e x t e n t to w h i c h the s e c r e t a r y is
e x p e c t e d t o e x e r c i s e in itia t iv e and ju d g m e n t . S e c r e t a r i e s s h o u l d b e m a t c h e d
at L R —1 o r L R —2 d e s c r i b e d b e l o w a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r l e v e l o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y .
L e v e l o f B e s p o n s i b i l i t y 1 ( L R —1)
P e r f o r m s v a r i e d s e c r e t a r i a l d u tie s i n c l u d i n g o r c o m p a r a b l e to m o s t
o f the f o l l o w i n g :
a.

A n sw ers telephones,
com in g m ail.

b.

A n sw ers telephone requ ests w h ich have standard a n s w e r s .
r e p l y to r e q u e s t s b y s e n d in g a f o r m l e t t e r .

c.

R e v i e w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d a , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y
o t h e r s f o r the s u p e r v i s o r ' s s i g n a t u r e to e n s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and
ty pograp hical a ccu ra cy .

d.

M a in ta in s s u p e r v i s o r ' s
in stru cted .

e.

T y p e s , ta k e s and t r a n s c r i b e s d i c t a t i o n ,

an i n d i v i d u a l p la n t , f a c t o r y , e t c . ,
o f o f f i c i a l ) th at e m p l o y s , in a ll,

greets

personal

ca len da r

and

ca llers,

m akes

and f i l e s .

and

opens

appointm en ts

in ­

May

as

S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d

S T E N O G R A P H E R — C o n tin u e d

L e v e l o f R e s p o n s i b i l i t y 2 ( L R —2)

S tenograp her, Sen ior

P e r f o r m s d u t i e s d e s c r i b e d u n d e r L R —1 a nd , in a d d i t i o n p e r f o r m s
t a s k s r e q u i r i n g g r e a t e r j u d g m e n t , i n i t i a t i v e , and k n o w l e d g e o f o f f i c e f u n c t io n s
i n c l u d i n g o r c o m p a r a b l e t o m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
a.

S c r e e n s t e l e p h o n e and p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , d e t e r m i n i n g w h i c h can
b e h a n d l e d b y th e s u p e r v i s o r ' s s u b o r d i n a t e s o r o t h e r o f f i c e s .

b.

A n s w e r s r e q u e st s w hich req u ire a d e ta iled kn ow led ge o f o f ­
f ic e p r o c e d u r e s o r co lle ctio n o f in form a tion f r o m file s o r
oth er o ffice s.
M a y s ig n ro u tin e c o r r e s p o n d e n c e in o w n o r
s u p e r v is o r 's nam e.

c.

C o m p i l e s o r a s s i s t s in c o m p i l i n g p e r i o d i c
o f g e n e ra l in stru ction s.

d.

S c h e d u l e s t e n t a t i v e a p p o in t m e n t s without p r i o r c l e a r a n c e .
A s­
s e m b le s n e c e s s a r y background m a teria l fo r scheduled m eetin gs.
M a k e s a r r a n g e m e n t s f o r m e e t i n g s and c o n f e r e n c e s .

e.

E x p l a i n s s u p e r v i s o r ' s r e q u i r e m e n t s to o t h e r e m p l o y e e s in s u p e r ­
v i s o r ' s unit.
( A l s o t y p e s , t a k e s d i c t a t i o n , and f i l e s . )

T h e f o l l o w i n g ta b u l a t i o n s h o w s the l e v e l o f
LS and L R c o m b i n a t i o n :

L e v e l o f s e c r e t a r y 's
______ s u p e r v i s o r ______

the

se cre ta r y fo r each

T R A N SC R IB IN G -M A C H IN E TY P IS T
P r i m a r y duty is t o ty p e c o p y o f v o i c e r e c o r d e d d ic t a t i o n w h i c h d o e s
n o t i n v o l v e v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h as that u s e d in
l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s o n s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a l s o ty pe f r o m w r it t e n
co p y . M ay m ain tain f ile s , k eep sim p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m oth er rela tively
rou tin e c l e r i c a l ta sk s.
(See S t e n o g r a p h e r d e f in it io n f o r w o r k e r s i n v o l v e d
w ith s h o r t h a n d d i c t a t i o n . )
TY PIST

C lass
C lass
C lass
C lass

E
D
C
B

C lass
C lass
C lass
C lass

D
C
B
A

P r i m a r y du ty i s t o ta k e d i c t a t i o n u s in g s h o r t h a n d , and to t r a n s c r i b e
th e d i c t a t i o n .
M a y a ls o type f r o m w ritten copy.
May operate fr o m a
sten ograph ic p ool.
M a y o c c a s i o n a l l y t r a n s c r i b e f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d i n g s (if
p r i m a r y du ty i s t r a n s c r i b i n g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , s e e T r a n s c r i b i n g - M a c h i n e
Typist).
N O T E : T h i s j o b i s d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in th at a
s e c r e t a r y n o r m a l l y w o r k s in a c o n f i d e n t i a l r e l a t i o n s h i p w ith o n l y o n e m a n a g e r
o r e x e c u t i v e a n d p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s i b l e and d i s c r e t i o n a r y t a s k s as
d e s c r i b e d in th e s e c r e t a r y j o b d e f in it io n .
Stenographer, G eneral
D i c t a t i o n i n v o l v e s a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u l a r y . M a y m a i n t a i n f i l e s ,
s i m p l e r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y r o u t in e c l e r i c a l t a s k s .




P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h i c du tie s r e q u i r i n g s i g n i f i c a n t l y g r e a t e r i n ­
d e p e n d e n c e and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y th an s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l , as e v i d e n c e d b y
the f o l l o w i n g :
W o r k r e q u i r e s a h ig h d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h i c s p e e d and
a c c u r a c y ; a t h o r o u g h w o r k i n g k n o w l e d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s i n e s s and o f f i c e p r o ­
c e d u r e ; and o f the s p e c i f i c b u s i n e s s o p e r a t i o n s , o r g a n i z a t i o n , p o l i c i e s ,
p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k f l o w , e t c . U s e s th is k n o w l e d g e in p e r f o r m i n g s t e n o ­
g r a p h i c d u tie s and r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h as m a in ta in in g f o l l o w ­
up f i l e s ; a s s e m b l i n g m a t e r i a l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d a , and l e t t e r s ; c o m ­
p o s i n g s i m p l e l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; r e a d in g and ro u tin g i n c o m i n g
m a i l ; and a n s w e r i n g ro u tin e q u e s t i o n s , e t c .

L R —2

STENOGRAPHER

keep

OR

L e v e l of s e c r e t a r y 's respon sibility
L R —1

LS—1____
LS—2____
LS—3-----LS—4 ____

r e p o r t s o n th e b a s i s

D ictation in v o lv e s a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v oca b u la ry
s u c h as in l e g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a l s o s e t up
and m a i n t a i n f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c .

U s e s a t y p e w r i t e r to m a k e c o p i e s o f v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s o r to m a k e
out b i l l s a f t e r c a l c u l a t i o n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o t h e r p e r s o n . M a y i n c lu d e
t y p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s f o r u se in d u p lic a t in g
processes.
M a y do c l e r i c a l w o r k i n v o l v i n g lit tle s p e c i a l t r a i n i n g , s u c h
as k e e p i n g s i m p l e r e c o r d s , f ilin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r t i n g and
distributing in co m in g m a il.
C l a s s A . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : T y p in g m a t e r i a l
in f i n a l f o r m w h e n it i n v o l v e s c o m b i n i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e l l i n g , s y l l a b i c a t i o n , p u n c tu a t io n , e t c . , o f t e c h ­
n i c a l o r u n u s u a l w o r d s o r f o r e i g n la n g u a g e m a t e r i a l ; o r pla n nin g la you t
and ty p in g o f c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s to m a in t a in u n i f o r m i t y and
b a l a n c e in s p a c i n g .
M a y t y p e r o u tin e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y i n g d e t a ils to suit
circu m sta n ces.
C l a s s B . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : C o p y ty p in g f r o m
r o u g h o r c l e a r d r a f t s ; o r r o u tin e t y p in g o f f o r m s , i n s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ;
o r s e t t in g up s i m p l e s t a n d a r d t a b u l a t i o n s ; o r c o p y i n g m o r e c o m p l e x t a b l e s
a l r e a d y s e t up and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y .
FIL E CLERK
F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , and r e t r i e v e s m a t e r i a l in an e s t a b l i s h e d filin g
s y s t e m . M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in f i l e s .
P o s i t i o n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to l e v e l s o n the b a s i s o f the f o l l o w i n g d e f i n i t i o n s .

F IL E C L E R K — C o n tin u e d

O R D E R C L E R K — C on tin u ed

C l a s s A . C l a s s i f i e s and i n d e x e s f i l e m a t e r i a l s u c h a s c o r r e s p o n d ­
e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n i c a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in an e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m
c o n t a in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r i e d s u b j e c t m a t t e r f i l e s .
M a y a l s o f i l e th is
m a t e r i a l . M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r i o u s t y p e s in c o n j u n c t i o n w ith the f i l e s .
M ay lead a s m a ll g rou p o f lo w e r le v e l file c le r k s .

a d e q u a c y o f i n f o r m a t i o n r e c o r d e d ; a s c e r t a i n i n g c r e d i t r a ti n g o f c u s t o m e r ;
f u r n i s h i n g c u s t o m e r w ith a c k n o w l e d g e m e n t o f r e c e i p t o f o r d e r ; f o l l o w i n g - u p
to s e e that o r d e r is d e l i v e r e d b y the s p e c i f i e d date o r to le t c u s t o m e r kn o w
o f a d e l a y in d e l i v e r y ; m a in t a in in g o r d e r f i l e ; c h e c k i n g s h ip p in g i n v o i c e
a g a in s t o r i g i n a l o r d e r .

C l a s s B . S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l b y s i m p l e
(su b je ct m a t te r ) headings o r p a rtly c la s s if i e d m a t e r ia l by fin e r subh eadin gs.
P r e p a r e s s i m p l e r e l a t e d i n d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a i d s .
As requested,
l o c a t e s c l e a r l y i d e n t i f i e d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l . M a y p e r ­
f o r m r e l a t e d c l e r i c a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d to m a i n t a i n and s e r v i c e f i l e s .

E x c l u d e w o r k e r s p a id on a c o m m i s s i o n b a s i s o r w h o s e d u tie s i n c l u d e
any o f th e f o l l o w i n g : R e c e i v i n g o r d e r s f o r s e r v i c e s r a t h e r tha n f o r m a t e r i a l
o r m e r c h a n d i s e ; p r o v i d i n g c u s t o m e r s w ith c o n s u l t a t i v e a d v i c e u s in g k n o w l ­
edge gain ed f r o m engineering or e x ten siv e t e c h n ic a l trainin g; em p h a siz in g
s e l l i n g s k i l l s ; h an d lin g m a t e r i a l o r m e r c h a n d i s e a s an i n t e g r a l p a r t o f th e j o b .

C l a s s C . P e r f o r m s r o u tin e f i l i n g o f m a t e r i a l that h as a l r e a d y b e e n
c l a s s i f i e d o r w h i c h i s e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s i m p l e s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
system
(e .g ., a lph abetical, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l).
As
requested,
l o c a t e s r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l ; and m a y
f i l l out w i t h d r a w a l c h a r g e . M a y p e r f o r m s i m p l e c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s
r e q u i r e d to m a i n t a i n and s e r v i c e f i l e s .

P osition s
defin ition s:

MESSENGER
P e r f o r m s v a r i o u s ro u tin e d u t ie s s u c h as ru n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t i n g
m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h i n e s s u c h as s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n i n g and d is t r i b u t i n g
m a i l , and o t h e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c l u d e p o s i t i o n s that r e q u i r e o p e r a t i o n
o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e as a s i g n i f i c a n t duty .

are

cla ssified

into

levels

a ccord in g

to

the

follow ing

C l a s s A . H an dle s o r d e r s that i n v o l v e m a k i n g j u d g m e n t s s u c h as
c h o o s i n g w h i c h s p e c i f i c p r o d u c t o r m a t e r i a l f r o m th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s p r o d u c t
l i n e s w i l l s a t i s f y the c u s t o m e r ' s n e e d s , o r d e t e r m i n i n g the p r i c e to b e q u o t e d
w h e n p r i c i n g i n v o l v e s m o r e than m e r e l y r e f e r r i n g to a p r i c e l i s t o r m a k i n g
s o m e sim p le m a them atical calculations.
C l a s s B . H an dle s o r d e r s i n v o l v i n g i t e m s w h i c h h a v e r e a d i l y i d e n ­
t i f i e d u s e s and a p p l i c a t i o n s . M a y r e f e r to a c a t a l o g , m a n u f a c t u r e r ' s m a n u a l ,
o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t to i n s u r e that p r o p e r i t e m i s s u p p l i e d o r to v e r i f y
p r i c e o f o r d e r e d it e m .
ACCOU N TIN G CLE RK

SW ITC H B O A R D O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s a t e l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e u s e d w ith a p r i v a t e
b r a n c h e x c h a n g e ( P B X ) s y s t e m to r e l a y i n c o m i n g , o u t g o i n g , and i n t r a s y s t e m
calls.
M a y p r o v i d e i n f o r m a t i o n to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and t r a n s m i t m e s s a g e s ,
k e e p r e c o r d o f c a l l s p l a c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s . B e s i d e s o p e r a t i n g a t e l e p h o n e
s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , m a y a l s o t y p e o r p e r f o r m r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k
(typ in g o r r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y the m a j o r p o r t i o n o f th e w o r k e r ' s
t i m e , and is u s u a l l y p e r f o r m e d w h i l e at th e s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e ) .
Chief o r
l e a d o p e r a t o r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e th an o n e o p e r a t o r a r e
e x c l u d e d . F o r an o p e r a t o r w h o a l s o a c t s as a r e c e p t i o n i s t , s e e S w i t c h b o a r d
O p e r ato r - R e c e p t i o n i s t .
SW ITC H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T
At a s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n t e l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , a c t s b o t h as
an o p e r a t o r — s e e S w i t c h b o a r d O p e r a t o r — and as a r e c e p t i o n i s t . R e c e p t i o n i s t ' s
w o r k i n v o l v e s s u c h d u t ie s as g r e e t i n g v i s i t o r s ; d e t e r m i n i n g n a t u r e o f v i s i t o r ' s
b u s i n e s s and p r o v i d i n g a p p r o p r i a t e i n f o r m a t i o n ; r e f e r r i n g v i s i t o r t o a p p r o ­
p r i a t e p e r s o n in the o r g a n i z a t i o n o r c o n t a c t i n g th at p e r s o n b y t e l e p h o n e and
a r r a n g i n g an a p p o i n t m e n t ; k e e p i n g a l o g o f v i s i t o r s .
ORDER CLERK
R e c e iv e s w ritten o r v e r b a l c u s t o m e r s ' p u rch a se o r d e r s f o r m a te r ia l
o r m e rch a n d ise fr o m c u sto m e r s o r sa les peop le.
W ork ty p ica lly in volves
s o m e c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g d u t i e s : Q u o t in g p r i c e s ; d e t e r m i n i n g a v a i l a ­
b i l i t y o f o r d e r e d i t e m s and s u g g e s t i n g s u b s t i t u t e s w h e n n e c e s s a r y ; a d v i s i n g
e x p e c t e d d e l i v e r y date and m e t h o d o f d e l i v e r y ; r e c o r d i n g o r d e r and c u s t o m e r
i n f o r m a t i o n o n o r d e r s h e e t s ; c h e c k i n g o r d e r s h e e t s f o r a c c u r a c y and




P e r f o r m s one o r m o r e a c c o u n t i n g c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h as p o s t i n g to
r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g bank a c c o u n t s ; v e r i f y i n g the i n t e r n a l c o n ­
s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , and m a t h e m a t i c a l a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t i n g d o c u m e n t s ;
a s s i g n i n g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t i n g d i s t r i b u t i o n c o d e s ; e x a m i n i n g and v e r i f y i n g
f o r c le r ic a l a c c u r a c y variou s types o f r e p o r t s , lis t s , ca lc u la tio n s , p ostin g,
e t c . ; o r p r e p a r i n g s i m p l e o r a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r i n g m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d j o u r n a l
vouchers.
M a y w o r k in e i t h e r a m a n u a l o r a u t o m a t e d a c c o u n t i n g s y s t e m .
The w o r k re q u ir e s a know led ge o f c l e r i c a l m e th o d s
and o f f i c e
p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h i c h r e l a t e s t o th e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e ­
c o r d i n g o f t r a n s a c t i o n s and a c c o u n t in g i n f o r m a t i o n .
W it h e x p e r i e n c e , the
w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m e s f a m i l i a r w ith the b o o k k e e p i n g and a c c o u n t i n g t e r m s
and p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in the a s s i g n e d w o r k , but is n o t r e q u i r e d to h av e a
k n o w l e d g e o f the f o r m a l p r i n c i p l e s o f b o o k k e e p i n g and a c c o u n t i n g .
P osition s
definitions:

are

classified

in to

lev els

on th e

basis

o f the f o l l o w i n g

C la ss A . Under g e n e ra l s u p e r v is io n , p e r f o r m s a ccou nting c l e r i c a l
o p e r a t i o n s w h i c h r e q u i r e the a p p l i c a t i o n o f e x p e r i e n c e and j u d g m e n t , f o r
e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s in g co m p lica te d o r n o n re p e titiv e accounting t r a n s ­
a c t i o n s , s e l e c t i n g a m o n g a s u b s ta n tia l v a r i e t y o f p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t i n g c o d e s
and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c i n g t r a n s a c t i o n s t h r o u g h p r e v i o u s a c c o u n t i n g
a c t i o n s to d e t e r m i n e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s .
M a y be a s siste d by one o r
m o r e c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s .
C la ss B . Under clo s e su p e rv is io n , fo llo w in g detailed in stru ction s
and s t a n d a r d i z e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e
rou tin e accou n tin g
c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , s u c h as p o s t i n g t o l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s

A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K — C o n tin u e d

P A Y R O L L C L E R K — C o n tin u e d

w h e r e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f i t e m s and l o c a t i o n s o f p o s t i n g s a r e c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d ;
c h e c k i n g a c c u r a c y and c o m p l e t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d i z e d and r e p e t i t i v e r e c o r d s
o r a c c o u n t i n g d o c u m e n t s ; and c o d in g d o c u m e n t s u sin g a f e w p r e s c r i b e d
accounting c o d e s.

l i s t i n g s a g a in s t s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; t r a c i n g and c o r r e c t i n g e r r o r s in l i s t i n g s ;
and a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r a t i o n o f p e r i o d i c s u m m a r y p a y r o l l r e p o r t s . In a n o n autom ated p a y r o ll s y s t e m , co m p u te s w a g e s . W o rk m a y requ ire a p r a c t ic a l
k n o w l e d g e o f g o v e r n m e n t a l r e g u l a t i o n s , c o m p a n y p a y r o l l p o l i c y , o r the
com pu ter system fo r p r o ce ss in g p a yrolls.

B O O K K E E PIN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h i n e (with o r w ith o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y ­
b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s tra n s a ctio n s .
C l a s s A . K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f and
e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p i n g p r i n c i p l e s , and f a m i l i a r i t y w it h th e s t r u c t u r e
o f the p a r t i c u l a r a c c o u n t i n g s y s t e m u s e d .
D e t e r m i n e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and
d i s t r i b u t i o n o f d e b it and c r e d i t i t e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f the w o r k .
M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l i d a t e d r e p o r t s , b a l a n c e s h e e t s , and o t h e r r e c o r d s b y hand..
C la s s B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p h a se s o r s e c tio n s o f a
s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a l l y r e q u i r i n g little k n o w l e d g e o f b a s i c b o o k k e e p i n g . P h a s e s
o r s e c t i o n s i n c l u d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b l e , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (not i n ­
clu din g a s im p le ty pe o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d under m a c h in e b i l l e r ) , c o s t d i s ­
tr ib u tio n , e x p e n s e d istrib u tion , in ventory co n tr o l, e tc . M ay ch eck o r a s sist
in p r e p a r a t i o n o f t r i a l b a l a n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r the a c c o u n t i n g
departm ent.
M ACH INE B I L L E R
P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , and i n v o i c e s on a m a c h i n e o t h e r th an
an o r d i n a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r i t e r . M a y a l s o k e e p r e c o r d s as to b i l l i n g s
o r s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k i n c i d e n t a l t o b i l l i n g
o p e r a t i o n s . F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h i n e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty pe
o f m a c h i n e , as f o l l o w s :
B illin g - m a c h in e b i l l e r . U ses a s p e c ia l billing m a ch in e (com b in a tion
t y p i n g and a d d in g m a c h i n e ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s '
p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , i n t e r n a l l y p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d a , e t c .
U s u a l l y i n v o l v e s a p p l i c a t i o n o f p r e d e t e r m i n e d d i s c o u n t s and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s
and e n t r y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s i o n s , w h i c h m a y o r m a y n ot b e c o m p u t e d on
th e b i l l i n g m a c h i n e , and t o t a l s w h i c h a r e a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u l a t e d b y
m a c h in e . The o p e r a t io n u su ally in volves a la rg e n u m ber o f ca rb o n c o p ie s o f
th e b i l l b e i n g p r e p a r e d and i s o f t e n don e o n a fa n fo ld m a c h i n e .

KEY ENTRY O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s k e y b o a r d - c o n t r o l l e d data e n t r y d e v i c e s u c h as k e y p u n c h
m a c h i n e o r k e y - o p e r a t e d m a g n e t i c t a p e o r d i s k e n c o d e r to t r a n s c r i b e
data in to a f o r m s u it a b le f o r c o m p u t e r p r o c e s s i n g . W o r k r e q u i r e s s k i l l in
o p e r a t i n g an a l p h a n u m e r i c k e y b o a r d and an u n d e r s t a n d in g o f t r a n s c r i b i n g
p r o c e d u r e s and r e l e v a n t da ta e n t r y e q u i p m e n t .
P ositions
defin ition s:

are

cla ssified

into

lev els

on

th e b a s i s o f

the f o l l o w i n g

C l a s s A . W o r k r e q u i r e s the a p p l i c a t i o n o f e x p e r i e n c e and ju d g m e n t
in s e l e c t i n g p r o c e d u r e s t o b e f o l l o w e d and in s e a r c h i n g f o r , i n t e r p r e t i n g ,
s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d i n g i t e m s to b e e n t e r e d f r o m a v a r i e t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s .
On o c c a s i o n m a y a l s o p e r f o r m r o u tin e w o r k as d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s B.
N O T E : E x c l u d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s a b o v e c l a s s A u sin g the k e y e n t r y
c o n t r o l s to a c c e s s , r e a d , and e v a lu a t e th e s u b s t a n c e o f s p e c i f i c r e c o r d s to
ta k e s u b s t a n t iv e a c t i o n s , o r to m a k e e n t r i e s r e q u i r i n g a s i m i l a r l e v e l o f
k n ow led ge.
C l a s s B . W o r k is r o u t in e and r e p e t i t i v e . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n
o r follow ing s p e c ific p r o c e d u r e s o r detailed in stru ction s, w ork s fr o m
v a r i o u s s t a n d a r d i z e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s w h i c h h av e b e e n c o d e d and r e q u i r e
lit t le o r no s e l e c t i n g , c o d i n g , o r i n t e r p r e t i n g o f data t o b e e n t e r e d . R e f e r s
to s u p e r v i s o r p r o b l e m s a r i s i n g f r o m e r r o n e o u s i t e m s , c o d e s , o r m i s s i n g
in fo r m a t i o n .

Professional and Technical
C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS

B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h i n e b i l l e r . U s e s a b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h i n e (w ith o r
w ith o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s as p a r t o f the
a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t i o n . G e n e r a l l y i n v o l v e s th e s i m u l t a n e o u s e n t r y o f
fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . The m a ch in e a u to m a tica lly a ccu m u la te s
f i g u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o l u m n s and c o m p u t e s and u s u a l l y p r in t s
a u t o m a t i c a l l y th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a l a n c e s .
D o e s n ot i n v o l v e a k n o w l e d g e
o f book k eepin g.
W o r k s f r o m u n i f o r m and s ta n d a r d t y p e s o f s a l e s and
cre d it slips.
PA Y R O LL CLERK
P e r f o r m s th e c l e r i c a l t a s k s n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o l l s and to
m a i n t a i n p a y r o l l r e c o r d s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P r o c e s s i n g
w o r k e r s ' t i m e o r p r o d u c t i o n r e c o r d s ; a d ju s ti n g w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s f o r c h a n g e s
in w a g e r a t e s , s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s , o r t a x d e d u c t i o n s ; e d it in g p a y r o l l




A n a l y z e s b u s i n e s s p r o b l e m s t o f o r m u l a t e p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g
t h e m b y u s e o f e l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u i p m e n t . D e v e l o p s a c o m p l e t e
d e s c r i p t i o n o f a ll s p e c i f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d t o e n a b l e p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e
r e q u i r e d d ig it a l c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g :
A n a l y z e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t i o n s to b e a u t o m a t e d and i d e n t i f i e s c o n d it io n s
and c r i t e r i a r e q u i r e d to a c h i e v e s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and
t y p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d o c u m e n t s t o b e u s e d ; o u t l i n e s a c t i o n s to b e
p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u t e r s in s u f f i c i e n t d e t a i l f o r p r e s e n t a t i o n
t o m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m i n g ( t y p i c a l l y th is i n v o l v e s p r e p a r a t i o n o f
w o r k and data f l o w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d i n a t e s the d e v e l o p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s and
p a r t i c i p a t e s in t r i a l ru ns o f n e w and r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s
e q u i p m e n t c h a n g e s t o o b t a in m o r e e f f e c t i v e o v e r a l l o p e r a t i o n s .
(NOTE:
W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o t h s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s and p r o g r a m m i n g s h o u ld be
c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s i f t h is i s th e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e i r pay.)

C O M P U TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y ST ,

BUSINESS— C o n tin u e d

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS— C o n tin u e d

D o e s not i n c l u d e e m p l o y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r the m a n ­
a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s ,
o r s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c o r e n g i n e e r i n g
p roblem s.
F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s :
C l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t ly o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s i n v o l v i n g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s . P r o b l e m s a r e
c o m p l e x b e c a u s e o f d i v e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e ­
m e n t s o f ou tput da ta.
( F o r e x a m p l e , d e v e l o p s an i n t e g r a t e d p r o d u c t i o n
s c h e d u l i n g , i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a l y s i s , and s a l e s a n a l y s i s r e c o r d in
w h i c h e v e r y i t e m o f e a c h ty p e i s a u t o m a t i c a l l y p r o c e s s e d t h r o u g h the f u ll
s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r i a t e f o l l o w u p a c t i o n s a r e i n it ia t e d b y the
c o m p u t e r . ) C o n f e r s w it h p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m i n e the data p r o c e s s i n g
p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l o n the i m p l i c a t i o n s o f n e w o r
r e v i s e d s y s t e m s o f da ta p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s , i f
n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s i n s t a l l a t i o n s o r c h a n g e s and f o r
o b ta in in g e q u i p m e n t .

l a n g u a g e , c a u s e the m a n ip u la t io n o f da ta t o a c h i e v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s . W o r k
i n v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : A p p l i e s k n o w l e d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a ­
b i l i t i e s , m a t h e m a t i c s , l o g i c e m p l o y e d b y c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t i c u l a r s u b ­
j e c t m a t t e r i n v o l v e d to a n a ly z e c h a r t s and d i a g r a m s o f the p r o b l e m to
be p r o g r a m m e d ; d ev elops sequen ce o f p r o g r a m s te p s; w rite s detailed flow
c h a r t s t o s h o w o r d e r in w h i c h data w i l l b e p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s t h e s e
c h a r t s to c o d e d i n s t r u c t i o n s f o r m a c h i n e t o f o l l o w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s
p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s i n s t r u c t i o n s f o r o p e r a t i n g p e r s o n n e l d u r in g p r o d u c t i o n
run; a n a l y z e s , r e v i e w s , and a l t e r s p r o g r a m s t o i n c r e a s e o p e r a t i n g e f f i ­
c i e n c y o r adapt to n e w r e q u i r e m e n t s ; m a i n t a i n s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e ­
v e l o p m e n t and r e v i s i o n s . ( N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o th s y s t e m s a n a l ­
y s i s and p r o g r a m m i n g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s i f th is is
the s k i l l u s e d to d e t e r m i n e t h e i r p a y . )
D o e s not i n c lu d e e m p l o y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r the m a n ­
a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s ,
o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w it h s c i e n t i f i c a n d / o r e n g i n e e r i n g
p roblem s.
F o r w a g e s tu dy p u r p o s e s , p r o g r a m m e r s

M a y p r o v id e fun ction al
who are a s sig n e d to a s sist.

d i r e c t i o n to l o w e r

lev el system s

are cla ssified

as

follow s:

a n a ly s t s

C l a s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t l y o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
p r o b l e m s that a r e r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p l i c a t e d to a n a l y z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , and
o p e r a t e . P r o b l e m s a r e o f l i m i t e d c o m p l e x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f input data
a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and the output da ta a r e c l o s e l y r e l a t e d .
(F o r exam ple,
d e v e l o p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in t a in in g d e p o s i t o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k , m a in t a in in g
accounts
r e c e i v a b l e in a r e t a i l e s t a b l i s h m e n t , o r m a in t a i n i n g i n v e n t o r y
a c c o u n t s in a m a n u f a c t u r i n g o r w h o l e s a l e e s t a b l i s h m e n t . )
C o n f e r s w ith
p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m i n e th e data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s
s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on the i m p l i c a t i o n s o f the data p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s
t o be a p p lie d .
OR
W o r k s on a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p l e x da ta p r o c e s s i n g
schem e or
s y s t e m , as d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . W o r k s i n d e p e n d e n t l y o n r o u tin e a s s i g n ­
m e n t s and r e c e i v e s i n s t r u c t i o n and g u i d a n c e o n c o m p l e x a s s i g n m e n t s . W o r k
is r e v i e w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f j u d g m e n t , c o m p l i a n c e w it h i n s t r u c t i o n s , and to
i n s u r e p r o p e r a l i g n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a l l s y s t e m .

C l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t ly o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n
on c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s w h i c h r e q u i r e c o m p e t e n c e in a ll p h a s e s o f p r o ­
g r a m m i n g c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s .
W orking fr o m
d i a g r a m s and c h a r t s
w h i c h i d e n t i f y the n a t u r e o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a j o r p r o c e s s i n g s t e p s to
b e a c c o m p l i s h e d , and the r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n v a r i o u s s t e p s o f th e p r o b ­
l e m s o l v i n g ro u tin e ; p la n s the fu ll r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m i n g a c t i o n s n e e d e d
to e f f i c i e n t l y u t iliz e the c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in a c h i e v i n g d e s i r e d en d p r o d u c t s .
At th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m i n g is d i f f i c u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u i p ­
m e n t m u s t b e o r g a n i z e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l i n t e r r e l a t e d but d i v e r s e p r o d ­
u cts f r o m n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e data e l e m e n t s .
A w id e v a r i e t y and e x ­
t e n s iv e n u m b e r of in tern a l p r o c e s s i n g a ctio n s m u s t o c c u r .
T h is r e q u ir e s
s u c h a c t i o n s as d e v e l o p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t i o n s w h i c h c a n b e -re ­
u s e d , e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f li n ka ge p o in ts b e t w e e n o p e r a t i o n s , a d j u s t m e n t s to
da ta w h e n p r o g r a m r e q u i r e m e n t s e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y , and
s u b s t a n t ia l m a n ip u la t io n and r e s e q u e n c i n g o f da ta e l e m e n t s to f o r m a
h ig h ly i n t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m .
M a y p r o v i d e f u n c t io n a l d i r e c t i o n
are a ssig n e d to assist.

to l o w e r l e v e l

p r o g r a m m e r s who

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BU SINESS

C l a s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t ly o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
r e la t iv e ly sim p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n t s o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s .
P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r o d u c e data in tw o
o r three v a r ie d sequences o r form a ts.
R e p o r t s and l i s t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d b y
r e f i n i n g , ada p tin g, a r r a y i n g , o r m a k in g m i n o r a d d it io n s t o o r d e l e t i o n s f r o m
input data w h i c h a r e r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e .
W hile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y be
p r o c e s s e d , th e data h av e b e e n r e f i n e d in p r i o r a c t i o n s s o that th e a c c u r a c y
and s e q u e n c i n g o f data ca n b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a f e w r o u t in e c h e c k s . T y p i c a l l y ,
the p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith ro u tin e r e c o r d k e e p i n g o p e r a t i o n s .

C o n v e rts statem en ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , ty p ic a lly p r e p a r e d by a
s y s t e m s a n a l y s t , in to a s e q u e n c e o f d e t a i l e d i n s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h a r e r e ­
q u i r e d to s o l v e the p r o b l e m s b y a u t o m a t i c data p r o c e s s i n g e q u i p m e n t .
W o r k i n g f r o m c h a r t s o r d i a g r a m s , the p r o g r a m m e r d e v e l o p s the p r e ­
c i s e i n s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h , w h e n e n t e r e d in to the c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d

W o r k s on c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s (as d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A ) u n d e r
clo s e d ir e ctio n of a higher le v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r .
M ay assist
h i g h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n t l y p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d i f f i c u l t t a s k s
a s s i g n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g m o r e d i f f i c u l t t a s k s u n d e r f a i r l y c l o s e d i r e c t i o n .

C l a s s C . W o r k s u n d e r i m m e d i a t e s u p e r v i s i o n , c a r r y i n g ou t a n a l y s e s
as a s s i g n e d , u s u a l l y o f a s i n g l e a c t i v i t y .
A s s i g n m e n t s a r e d e s i g n e d to
d e v e l o p and e x p a n d p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e in the a p p l i c a t i o n o f p r o c e d u r e s and
skills r e q u ire d f o r s y s t e m s a n aly sis w o rk . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a h igh er
l e v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r i n g th e d e t a i l e d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s r e q u i r e d b y
program m ers
f r o m i n f o r m a t i o n d e v e l o p e d b y the h i g h e r l e v e l a n a ly s t .




OR

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BU SIN E SS— C on tin u ed

C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d

M a y g u id e o r i n s t r u c t l o w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s .
C lass C .
M a k e s p r a c t i c a l application s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t ic e s
and c o n c e p t s u s u a l l y l e a r n e d in f o r m a l t r a i n in g c o u r s e s .
A ssign m en ts
a r e d e s i g n e d t o d e v e l o p c o m p e t e n c e in the a p p l i c a t i o n o f s t a n d a r d p r o ­
c e d u r e s t o r o u t in e p r o b l e m s .
R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n on n e w a s p e c t s
o f a s s i g n m e n t s ; and w o r k is r e v i e w e d to v e r i f y its a c c u r a c y and c o n f o r m a n c e
w it h r e q u i r e d p r o c e d u r e s .
COMPUTER OPERATOR
In a c c o r d a n c e w ith o p e r a t i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s , m o n i t o r s and o p e r a t e s
the c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r to p r o c e s s data. E x e c u t e s ru ns b y
e i t h e r s e r i a l p r o c e s s i n g ( p r o c e s s e s o n e p r o g r a m at a t i m e ) o r m u l t i ­
p r o c e s s i n g ( p r o c e s s e s two o r m o r e p r o g r a m s sim u lta n e o u sly). The fo llo w in g
d u tie s c h a r a c t e r i z e t h e w o r k o f a c o m p u t e r o p e r a t o r :
- S t u d ie s
needed.
-

operating

Loads equipm ent
p ap er, etc.).

in stru ction s
with

to

requ ired

determ ine
item s

equipm en t

(tapes,

cards,

C l a s s B . In a d d itio n to e s t a b l i s h e d p r o d u c t i o n ru n s , w o r k a s s i g n ­
m e n t s i n c l u d e runs i n v o l v i n g n e w p r o g r a m s , a p p l i c a t i o n s , and p r o c e d u r e s
( i . e . , s it u a t io n s w h i c h r e q u i r e the o p e r a t o r to adapt to a v a r i e t y o f p r o b l e m s ) .
At th is l e v e l , the o p e r a t o r has the t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e to w o r k f a i r l y
i n d e p e n d e n t l y in c a r r y i n g out m o s t a s s i g n m e n t s . A s s i g n m e n t s m a y r e q u i r e
th e o p e r a t o r to s e l e c t f r o m a v a r i e t y o f s t a n d a r d setu p and o p e r a t in g
procedures.
In r e s p o n d i n g to c o m p u t e r ou tp ut i n s t r u c t i o n s o r e r r o r c o n ­
d ition s, applies
s t a n d a r d o p e r a t i n g o r c o r r e c t i v e p r o c e d u r e s , but m a y
d e v ia t e f r o m s t a n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s w h e n s t a n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s f a i l if d e v ia tio n
d o e s n o t m a t e r i a l l y a l t e r th e c o m p u t e r u n it 's p r o d u c t i o n p la n s . R e f e r s the
p r o b l e m o r a b o r t s the p r o g r a m w h e n p r o c e d u r e s a p p lie d do n ot p r o v i d e a
s o l u t i o n . M a y g u id e l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s .
C l a s s C . W o r k a s s i g n m e n t s a r e l i m i t e d to e s t a b l i s h e d p r o d u c t i o n
runs ( i . e . , p r o g r a m s w h i c h p r e s e n t f e w o p e r a t i n g p r o b l e m s ) .
A ssign m en ts
m a y c o n sist p r im a r i l y o f o n - t h e - jo b trainin g
( s o m e t i m e s a u g m e n te d b y
c l a s s r o o m i n s t r u c t i o n ) . W h e n l e a r n i n g to run p r o g r a m s , the s u p e r v i s o r o r a
h i g h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r p r o v i d e s d e t a i l e d w r i t t e n o r o r a l g u id a n ce to the
o p e r a t o r b e f o r e and d u r in g the run. A f t e r the o p e r a t o r has ga in e d e x p e r i e n c e
w ith a p r o g r a m , h o w e v e r , the o p e r a t o r w o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly in
a p p ly in g s t a n d a r d o p e r a t i n g o r c o r r e c t i v e p r o c e d u r e s in re s p o n d in g to
c o m p u t e r output i n s t r u c t i o n s o r e r r o r c o n d i t i o n s , but r e f e r s p r o b l e m s to a
h i g h e r l e v e l O p e r a t o r o r the s u p e r v i s o r w h e n s t a n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s f a il.

s e tu p
disk s,

- S w i t c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x i l l i a r y e q u ip m e n t in to s y s t e m .
- S t a r t s and o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r .
-

R e s p o n d s t o o p e r a t i n g and c o m p u t e r output i n s t r u c t i o n s .

-

R e v i e w s e r r o r m e s s a g e s and m a k e s c o r r e c t i o n s
o r re fe rs p roblem s.

-

M a in t a in s o p e r a t i n g r e c o r d .

P E R IP H E R A L E Q U IPM E N T O P E R A T O R

d u r in g o p e r a t i o n

O p era tes p e r ip h e r a l equipm ent w h i c h
d i r e c t l y s u p p o r t s d ig ita l
c o m p u t e r o p e r a t i o n s . S u c h e q u i p m e n t is u n iq u e ly and s p e c i f i c a l l y d e s i g n e d
f o r c o m p u t e r a p p l i c a t i o n s , but n e e d not b e p h y s i c a l l y o r e l e c t r o n i c a l l y
c o n n e c t e d to a c o m p u t e r .
P r i n t e r s , p l o t t e r s , c a r d r e a d / p u n c h e s , tape
r e a d e r s , ta p e units o r d r i v e s , d i s k unit s o r d r i v e s , and data d is p la y units
a re e x a m p le s o f such equipm ent.

M ay te s t -r u n new or m od ified p r o g ra m s.
M a y a s s i s t in m o d i f y i n g
system s or p rog ra m s.
T h e s c o p e o f this d e f in it io n i n c l u d e s t r a i n e e s w o r k i n g
to b e c o m e f u l l y q u a l i f i e d c o m p u t e r o p e r a t o r s , f u l l y q u a l i f i e d c o m p u t e r
o p e r a t o r s , and l e a d o p e r a t o r s p r o v i d i n g t e c h n i c a l a s s i s t a n c e to l o w e r l e v e l
o p e r a t o r s . It e x c l u d e s w o r k e r s w h o m o n i t o r and o p e r a t e r e m o t e t e r m i n a l s .

T h e f o l l o w i n g d u tie s c h a r a c t e r i z e the w o r k o f a p e r i p h e r a l e q u ip m e n t
operator:

C l a s s A . In a d d i t i o n t o w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s d e s c r i b e d f o r a c l a s s B
o p e r a t o r ( s e e b e l o w ) th e w o r k o f a c l a s s A o p e r a t o r i n v o l v e s at l e a s t o n e
o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
-

D e v i a t e s f r o m s t a n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s to a v o i d the l o s s o f i n f o r ­
m a t i o n o r t o c o n s e r v e c o m p u t e r t i m e e v e n th o u gh the p r o c e d u r e s
a p p l i e d m a t e r i a l l y a l t e r the c o m p u t e r u n it 's p r o d u c t i o n p l a n s .

- T e s t s n e w p r o g r a m s , a p p l i c a t i o n s , and p r o c e d u r e s .
- A dv ises p r o g r a m m e r s
tech n iq u es.
-

and

sub ject-m a tter

experts

operator




at

t h is l e v e l

t y p i c a l l y g u id e s

low er

L o a d i n g p r i n t e r s and p l o t t e r s w ith c o r r e c t p a p e r ; adjusting
c o n t r o l s f o r f o r m s , t h i c k n e s s , t e n s i o n , p r in t in g d e n s it y , and
l o c a t i o n ; and u n lo a d in g h a r d c o p y .

-

L a b e llin g tape r e e l s ,

-

C h e c k in g l a b e l s and m o u n t in g and d i s m o u n t i n g
r e e l s o r d i s k s o n s p e c i f i e d units o r d r i v e s .

disk s, o r ca rd deck s.
d e s i g n a t e d tape

- Settin g c o n t r o l s w h i c h r e g u l a t e o p e r a t i o n o f the e q u ip m e n t.
on

setup

- O b s e r v i n g p a n e l lig h ts f o r w a r n i n g s
ta k in g a p p r o p r i a t e a c t i o n .

A s s i s t s in (1) m a i n t a i n i n g , m o d i f y i n g , and d e v e l o p i n g o p e r a t i n g
s y s t e m s o r p r o g r a m s ; (2) d e v e l o p i n g o p e r a t i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s and
t e c h n i q u e s t o c o v e r p r o b l e m s it u a t io n s ; a n d / o r (3) s w i t c h i n g t o
e m e r g e n c y ba ck up p r o c e d u r e s (such a ssista n ce r e q u ir e s a w ork in g
k n o w l e d g e o f p r o g r a m l a n g u a g e , c o m p u t e r f e a t u r e s , and s o f t w a r e
s y s t e m s ).

An

-

and

error

i n d ic a t io n s and

- E xam inin g ta p e s , c a r d s , o r oth er m a t e r ia l fo r c r e a s e s ,
o r oth er d efects w hich cou ld cause p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s .

tears,

T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c l u d e s w o r k e r s (1) w h o m o n i t o r and o p e r a t e a
c o n t r o l c o n s o l e ( s e e c o m p u t e r o p e r a t o r ) o r a r e m o t e t e r m i n a l , o r (2) w h o s e
d u tie s a r e l i m i t e d to o p e r a t i n g d e c o l l a t e r s , b u r s t e r s , s e p a r a t o r s , o r s i m i l a r
equip m en t.

lev el op erators.

37

C O M P U T E R D A T A L IB R A R IA N

E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N

M a in ta in s l i b r a r y o f m e d i a ( t a p e s , d i s k s , c a r d s , c a s s e t t e s ) u s e d
f o r a u t o m a t i c data p r o c e s s i n g a p p l i c a t i o n s . T h e f o l l o w i n g o r s i m i l a r d u tie s
c h a r a c t e r i z e the w o r k o f a c o m p u t e r data l i b r a r i a n :
C la ssify in g , cataloging,
and s t o r i n g m e d i a in a c c o r d a n c e w ith a s t a n d a r d i z e d s y s t e m ; upon p r o p e r
r e q u e s ts , r e le a s in g m e d ia f o r p r o c e s s i n g ; m aintaining r e c o r d s o f r e l e a s e s
and r e t u r n s ; i n s p e c t i n g r e t u r n e d m e d i a f o r d a m a g e o r e x c e s s i v e w e a r to
d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r o r not t h e y n e e d r e p l a c i n g . M a y p e r f o r m m i n o r r e p a i r s
to d a m a g e d t a p e s .

W o r k s on v a r i o u s ty p e s o f e l e c t r o n i c e q u i p m e n t and r e l a t e d d e v i c e s
b y p e r f o r m i n g one o r a c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a l l i n g , m a i n t a i n i n g ,
r e p a i r i n g , o v e r h a u l i n g , t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g , m o d i f y i n g , c o n s t r u c t i n g , and t e s t i n g .
W o rk r e q u ir e s p r a c tic a l application o f t e c h n ic a l k n ow led ge o f e le c t r o n ic s
p r i n c i p l e s , a b ilit y to d e t e r m i n e m a l f u n c t i o n s , and s k i l l to put e q u i p m e n t in
r e q u i r e d o p e r a t i n g co n d it io n .

DRAFTER
C lass A .
P l a n s the g r a p h i c p r e s e n t a t i o n o f c o m p l e x i t e m s h av in g
d i s t i n c t i v e d e s i g n f e a t u r e s that d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m e s t a b l i s h e d d r a f t i n g
precedents.
W o r k s in c l o s e s u p p o r t w ith the d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r , and m a y
r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d e s i g n c h a n g e s . A n a l y z e s the e f f e c t o f e a c h c h a n g e o n the
d e t a ils o f f o r m , f u n c t i o n , and p o s i t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c o m p o n e n t s and
p a r t s . W o r k s w it h a m i n i m u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e .
C om pleted w ork
is r e v i e w e d b y d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y w ith p r i o r e n g i n e e r i n g
d e term in a tion s. M ay eith e r p r e p a r e d raw in gs o r d ir e c t th e ir p r e p a r a tio n by
low er level d rafters.
C l a s s B . P e r f o r m s n o n r o u t i n e and c o m p l e x d r a f t i n g a s s i g n m e n t s
that r e q u i r e the a p p l i c a t i o n o f m o s t o f the s t a n d a r d i z e d d r a w i n g t e c h n i q u e s
re g u la r ly used.
D u t ie s t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e s u c h w o r k as:
P r e p a r e s w orking
d r a w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b l i e s w ith i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s , m u l t i p l e f u n c t i o n s , and
p r e c is e p osition a l rela tionsh ips betw een co m pon en ts; p r e p a r e s a rch ite ctu r a l
d r a w in g s f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a b u il d in g i n c l u d i n g d e t a il d r a w i n g s o f f o u n d a ­
t i o n s , w a l l s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p l a n s , and r o o f .
U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u l a s and
m a n u a ls in m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y c o m p u t a t i o n s to d e t e r m i n e q u a n t it ie s o f
m a t e r i a l s to b e u s e d , l o a d c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s , s t r e s s e s , e t c .
R eceiv es
in itia l i n s t r u c t i o n s , r e q u i r e m e n t s , and a d v i c e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r .
C om pleted
w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r t e c h n i c a l a d e q u a c y .
C l a s s C . P r e p a r e s d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f s i n g l e units o r p a r t s f o r
engineering, c o n stru ctio n , m an ufactu rin g, o r
rep air p u rp o s e s .
T ypes of
draw in gs p r e p a r e d in clud e i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t i o n s (depictin g th r e e d im e n s io n s
in a c c u r a t e s c a l e ) and s e c t i o n a l v i e w s to c l a r i f y p o s i t i o n i n g o f c o m p o n e n t s
and c o n v e y n e e d e d i n f o r m a t i o n .
C o n s o l i d a t e s d e t a ils f r o m a n u m b e r o f
s o u r c e s and a d j u s t s o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a l e as r e q u i r e d . S u g g e s t e d m e t h o d s o f
a p p r o a c h , a p p l i c a b l e p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v i c e o n s o u r c e m a t e r i a l s a r e g i v e n
w ith in itia l a s s i g n m e n t s . I n s t r u c t i o n s a r e l e s s c o m p l e t e w h e n a s s i g n m e n t s
r e c u r . W o r k m a y b e s p o t - c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .

D R A F T E R -T R A C E R
C o p i e s p la n s and d r a w i n g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s b y p l a c i n g t r a c i n g
c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w i n g s and t r a c i n g w ith pen o r p e n c i l .
( D o e s not
in c lu d e t r a c i n g l i m i t e d to p la n s p r i m a r i l y c o n s i s t i n g o f s t r a i g h t l i n e s and a
la rg e s ca le not re q u ir in g c l o s e delin ea tion .)

T h e e q u ip m e n t— c o n s i s t i n g o f e i t h e r m a n y d i f f e r e n t k in d s o f c i r c u i t s
o r m u l t i p l e r e p e t it io n o f the s a m e kin d o f c i r c u i t — i n c l u d e s , but is not l i m i t e d
t o , the f o l l o w i n g : (a) E l e c t r o n i c t r a n s m i t t i n g and r e c e i v i n g e q u i p m e n t ( e . g . ,
r a d a r , r a d i o , t e l e v i s i o n , t e l e p h o n e , s o n a r , n a v i g a t i o n a l a i d s ) , (b) d ig it a l and
a n a lo g c o m p u t e r s , and (c ) in d u s t r i a l and m e d i c a l m e a s u r i n g and c o n t r o l l i n g
equipm ent.
This c la s s ifica tio n e x clu d es r e p a i r e r s o f such stan dard e le c t r o n ic
e q u ip m e n t as c o m m o n o f f i c e m a c h i n e s and h o u s e h o l d r a d i o and t e l e v i s i o n
s e t s ; p r o d u c t i o n a s s e m b l e r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y duty is
s e r v i c i n g e l e c t r o n i c t e s t i n s t r u m e n t s ; t e c h n i c i a n s w h o h av e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e
o r su p ervisory
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ; and d r a f t e r s , d e s i g n e r s , and p r o f e s s i o n a l
enginee r s .
P ositions
defin ition s:

are cla ssified

into

le ve ls

on

the b a s i s

of

the f o l l o w i n g

C l a s s A . A p p l i e s a d v a n c e d t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e t o s o l v e u n u s u a lly
c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , t h o s e that t y p i c a l l y ca n n o t b e s o l v e d s o l e l y b y
r e f e r e n c e to m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k i n g on
e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t .
E xam ples o f such p r o b le m s
i n c l u d e l o c a t i o n and
d e n s i t y o f c i r c u i t r y , e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c r a d i a t i o n , i s o l a t i n g m a l f u n c t i o n s , and
frequen t en gineering ch anges. W o rk in v o lv e s :
A detailed understanding of
the i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g i n d e p e n d e n t j u d g m e n t in p e r ­
f o r m i n g s u c h ta s k s as m a k in g c i r c u i t a n a l y s e s , c a l c u l a t i n g w a v e f o r m s ,
t r a c i n g r e l a t i o n s h i p s in s ig n a l f l o w ; and r e g u l a r l y u s in g c o m p l e x t e s t i n ­
strum ents
( e . g . , dual t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v i a t i o n m e t e r s ,
pulse g e n e ra to rs ).
W o r k m a y b e r e v i e w e d b y s u p e r v i s o r ( f r e q u e n t l y an e n g i n e e r o r
d e s i g n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p l i a n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s .
May provide
t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e to l o w e r l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n s .
C l a s s B . A p p l i e s c o m p r e h e n s i v e t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e to s o l v e c o m ­
p l e x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , t h o s e that t y p i c a l l y c a n b e s o l v e d s o l e l y b y p r o p e r l y
i n t e r p r e t i n g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k i n g on
e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s : A f a m i l i a r i t y w it h the i n t e r r e l a t i o n ­
s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; and ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m i n i n g w o r k s e q u e n c e and in s e l e c t i n g
t o o l s and t e s t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p l e x th an t h o s e u s e d b y the
c la s s A technician.
R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u i d a n c e , as r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h i g h e r
l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n , and w o r k is r e v i e w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p l i a n c e w ith a c c e p t e d
p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s .
May p r o v id e te c h n ic a l gu idan ce to l o w e r
level techn icians.

A N D /O R
P r e p a r e s sim p le o r repetitive draw ings o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d ite m s .
W o r k is c l o s e l y s u p e r v i s e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .




C l a s s C . A p p l i e s w o r k i n g t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e to p e r f o r m s i m p l e o r
r o u t in e t a s k s in w o r k i n g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u i p m e n t , f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d i n ­
s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h c o v e r v i r t u a l l y a ll p r o c e d u r e s . W o r k t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e s s u c h

E L E C T R O N I C S T E C H N IC IA N — C on tin u ed

M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC I A N — C o n tin u e d

t a s k s a s : A s s i s t i n g h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s b y p e r f o r m in g s u c h a c t i v it ie s as
r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir in g c i r c u i t s , and ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g
s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g t o o l s and c o m m o n t e s t in s t r u m e n ts
( e . g . , m u l t i m e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is
n o t r e q u ir e d to b e f a m i l i a r w ith th e in t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s .
T h is
k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a s s ig n m e n t s d e s ig n e d to i n ­
c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e (in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m tr a in in g ) so th at w o r k e r ca n a d v a n ce
to h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n .

e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g
w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l
and m e a s u r in g and
te n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n
th r o u g h a f o r m a l

M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R
P a in ts and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and fix t u r e s o f an e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s th e f o llo w in g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u lia r it ie s
and t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u ir e d f o r d iffe r e n t a p p lic a t io n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r f a c e f o r
p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld fin is h o r b y p la c in g pu tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s
and i n t e r s t i c e s ; and a p p ly in g p a in t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h . M ay m ix c o l o r s ,
o i l s , w h ite le a d , and o t h e r p a in t in g r e d ie n t s to o b ta in p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n ­
s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d
tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r
e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n .
W o r k is t y p ic a lly s p o t c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e t a ile d
r e v ie w w h e n n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n t s a r e in v o lv e d .
R E G I S T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L N U R SE
A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d i c a l
d i r e c t i o n t o i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o t h e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r
s u f f e r an a c c id e n t on th e p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .
D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f the f o llo w in g : G iv in g f i r s t a id to th e i l l o r
in ju r e d ; a tte n d in g t o s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' i n ju r i e s ; k e e p in g
r e c o r d s o f p a t ie n t s t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r
o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t in g in p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s and h e a lth e v a lu a tio n s o f
a p p lic a n t s and e m p l o y e e s ; a nd p la n n in g and c a r r y in g ou t p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g
h e a lt h e d u c a t io n , a 'c cid e n t p r e v e n t io n , e v a lu a tio n o f p la n t e n v ir o n m e n t , o r
o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a ff e c t in g th e h e a lth , w e l f a r e , and s a fe t y o f a ll p e r s o n n e l.
N u r s in g s u p e r v i s o r s o r h e a d n u r s e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e th an
o n e n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d .

M A IN T E N A N C E M A C H IN IS T
P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s and n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a ir s o f
m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in ­
v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r it t e n in s t r u c t io n s and s p e c i f i c a ­
t i o n s ; p la n n in g and la y in g ou t o f w o r k ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t 's h a n d t o o l s and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t in g s ta n d a rd
m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd
s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o l in g , f e e d s , and s p e e d s
o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f the c o m m o n m e t a ls ;
s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , and e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r th is w o r k ;
and fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l, the
m a c h in is t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a r o u n d e d tr a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p
p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t
tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant
M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M A C H IN E R Y )

P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y t o c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in
in g o o d r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and eq u ip m e n t s u c h -a s b in s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s ,
b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s in g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d
in an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g and
la y in g out o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e ls , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t io n s ;
u s in g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b le p o w e r t o o l s , and s ta n d a r d
m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d i ­
m e n s io n s o f w o r k ; and s e le c t in g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k . In g e n ­
e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and
e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t
t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t.
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l
e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n tlin g
m a c h in e s and p e r f o r m i n g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e th e u se o f h a n d to o ls in
s c r a p in g and fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s w ith it e m s
o b ta in e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r in g th e p r o d u c t io n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a
m a c h in e s h o p o r s e n d in g the m a c h in e to a m a c h in e s h o p f o r m a j o r r e p a ir s ;
p r e p a r in g w r it te n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a ir s o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f
p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e s h o p s ; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll
n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s f o r o p e r a t io n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y
m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly
a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x ­
p e r ie n c e .
E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y
d u tie s in v o lv e s e tt in g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s .

M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R I C I A N
P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c tio n s s u c h as th e i n ­
s t a lla t io n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r r e p a ir o f e q u ip m e n t f o r th e g e n e r a t io n , d i s t r i ­
b u t io n , o r u t iliz a t io n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s
m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l
e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s ,
c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a tin g u n its, co n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o t h e r t r a n s ­
m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , la y o u t s , o r o t h e r
s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; lo c a t in g a nd d ia g n o s in g tr o u b le in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r




s ta n d a r d c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f
e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d to o ls
t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f the m a in ­
r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M O T O R V E H I C L E )
R e p a ir s a u t o m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g :
E x a m in in g a u to m o tiv e
e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g e q u ip m e n t and p e r ­
f o r m in g r e p a ir s th a t in v o lv e th e u s e o f s u c h h a n d to o ls a s 'w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s ,

39

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M O T O R V E H IC L E )— C o n tin u e d

M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R

d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g
b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r in d in g and a d ju s tin g v a l v e s ; r e ­
a s s e m b lin g and in s t a llin g th e v a r io u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h i c l e and m a k in g
n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s ; a nd a lig n in g w h e e l s , a d ju s tin g b r a k e s and lig h t s , o r
tig h te n in g b o d y b o l t s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m o t o r v e h ic le m a in te n a n c e
m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h
a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

A s s i s t s on e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in th e s k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , b y
p e r f o r m in g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h as k e e p in g a
w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e ,
and e q u ip m e n t; a s s is t in g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s o r t o o l s ; and
p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k ille d ta s k s as d i r e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n .
T h e k in d o f
w o r k the h e lp e r is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e t o t r a d e :
In
s o m e t r a d e s th e h e lp e r is c o n fin e d to s u p p ly in g , l if t in g , and h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls
and t o o l s , and c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s he is p e r m it t e d to
p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th at a r e a ls o
p e r f o r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a f u ll- t i m e b a s i s .

T h is
c la s s ific a tio n d o e s
n ot i n c l u d e
c u s t o m e r s ' v e h i c l e s in a u t o m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s .

m e c h a n ic s

w ho

r e p a ir

M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R
I n s t a lls o r r e p a ir s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r ty p e s o f p ip e and
p ip e fitt in g s in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L a y in g
ou t w o r k and m e a s u r in g t o lo c a t e p o s it io n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w in g s o r o t h e r
w r it te n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; cu ttin g v a r io u s s i z e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t le n g th s w ith
c h is e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e -c u t t in g m a c h in e s ; t h r e a d in g
p ip e w ith s t o c k s and d ie s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d - d r iv e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n
m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s t e n in g p ip e to h a n g e r s ;
m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to p r e s s u r e s , f lo w , and s iz e o f
p ip e r e q u ir e d ; and m a k in g s ta n d a r d t e s t s to d e t e r m in e w h e t h e r fin is h e d p ip e s
m e e t s p e c ific a t io n s .
In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p ip e fi t t e r
r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
W o r k e r s p r im a r ily
e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g and r e p a ir in g b u ild in g s a n it a tio n o r h e a tin g s y s t e m s
a r e e x c lu d e d .
M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R
F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a i r th e s h e e t - m e t a l
eq u ip m e n t and f ix t u r e s (s u c h as m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e lv e s ,
l o c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t ila t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e t a l r o o f in g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g ou t a ll ty p e s o f
s h e e t - m e t a l m a in te n a n c e w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a ­
t i o n s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t in g a ll a v a ila b le t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k in g
m a c h in e s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h a n d to o ls in c u ttin g , b e n d in g , f o r m in g , s h a p in g ,
fit t in g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s t a llin g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s as r e q u ir e d . In
g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d
tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r
e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M IL L W R IG H T
I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, and d is m a n t le s and
in s t a lls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w h en c h a n g e s in th e p la n t la y o u t a r e
r e q u ir e d . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g ou t w o r k ;
in t e r p r e t in g b lu e p r in t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h a n d to o ls
and r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g t o s t r e s s e s , s tr e n g t h
o f m a t e r i a l s , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g and b a la n c in g e q u ip m e n t;
s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t, and p a r t s to b e u s e d ; and in s t a llin g and
m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t s u c h as d r iv e s and
speed re d u ce rs.
In g e n e r a l, the m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a
ro u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .




M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T O O L R O O M )
S p e c ia liz e s in o p e r a t in g on e o r m o r e th an o n e ty p e o f m a c h in e
t o o l ( e . g . , j i g b o r e r , g rin d in g m a c h in e , e n g in e la th e , m i llin g m a c h in e ) to
m a c h in e m e t a l f o r u se in m a k in g o r m a in ta in in g j i g s , f ix t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s ,
g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d ie s o r m o ld s u s e d in sh a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r
n o n m e t a llic m a t e r ia l ( e . g . , p la s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g l a s s ) .
W o r k t y p ic a lly
i n v o l v e s : P la n n in g and p e r fo r m in g d if f ic u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s w h ic h
r e q u ir e c o m p lic a t e d s e tu p s o r a h igh d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; s e tt in g up m a c h in e
t o o l o r t o o l s ( e . g . , in s t a ll cu ttin g t o o l s and a d ju s t g u id e s , s t o p s , w o r k in g
t a b l e s , and o t h e r c o n t r o ls to h an dle th e s i z e o f s t o c k t o b e m a c h in e d ;
d e t e r m in e p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l in g , and o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e o r s e l e c t
t h o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w in g s , b lu e p r in t s , o r la y o u t s ) ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f
p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n ts ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s d u rin g
m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n to a c h ie v e r e q u is it e d im e n s io n s t o v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s .
M a y b e r e q u ir e d to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s and c u ttin g and lu b r ic a t in g o i l s ,
t o r e c o g n iz e w h en t o o ls n e e d d r e s s in g , and t o d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l, the
w o r k o f a m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) at th e s k ill l e v e l c a l l e d f o r in
th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n r e q u ir e s e x t e n s iv e k n o w le d g e o f m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l ­
r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h c o n s i d e r a b l e o n - t h e - j o b tr a in in g and
e x p e r ie n c e .
F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , t h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot
in c lu d e m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o lr o o m ) e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g
shops.
T O O L AN D D IE M A K E R
C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a ir s j i g s , f i x t u r e s , c u f ' n g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r
m e t a l d ie s o r m o ld s u s e d in sh a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r n o n m e t a llic
m a t e r ia l ( e . g . , p l a s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g l a s s ) .
W ork ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s :
P la n n in g and la y in g ou t w o r k a c c o r d in g to m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r
o t h e r w r it t e n o r o r a l s p e c if ic a t io n s ; u n d e r s t a n d in g th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f
c o m m o n m e t a ls and a llo y s ; s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , and
p r o c e s s e s r e q u ir e d to c o m p le t e ta s k ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s ;
s e ttin g up and o p e r a t in g v a r io u s m a c h in e t o o l s and r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; u sin g
v a r io u s t o o l and die m a k e r 's h a n d to o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ;
w o r k in g to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h e a t -t r e a t i n g m e t a l p a r t s and f in is h e d t o o l s
and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a lit ie s ; fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s t o p r e ­
s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s .
In g e n e r a l , th e t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's
w o r k r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g in m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e
u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and
e x p e r ie n c e .
F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot
in c lu d e t o o l and die m a k e r s w h o (1) a r e e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g
s h o p s o r (2) p r o d u c e f o r g in g d ie s (d ie s i n k e r s ) .

S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN E E R

S H IP P E R A N D R E C E IV E R — C o n tin u e d

O p e r a t e s and m a in ta in s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e o p e r a t io n o f
s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) t o s u p p ly the
e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r , h ea t, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c o n d it io n in g . W o r k i n v o l v e s : O p e r a tin g and m a in ta in in g e q u ip m e n t s u c h as
s t e a m e n g in e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n tila t in g
and r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t , s te a m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r p u m p s ;
m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y ,
t e m p e r a t u r e , and fu e l c o n s u m p tio n .
M a y a ls o s u p e r v is e t h e s e o p e r a t io n s .
H ea d o r c h i e f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e th an on e e n g in e e r
a r e e x c lu d e d .

R e c e i v e r s t y p ic a lly a r e r e s p o n s ib le f o r m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
V e r if y in g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f in c o m in g s h ip m e n ts b y c o m p a r in g it e m s and
q u a n titie s u n lo a d e d a g a in s t b i l l s o f la d in g , i n v o i c e s , m a n ife s t s , s to r a g e
r e c e i p t s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r d a m a g e d g o o d s ; in s u r in g that
g o o d s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e ly id e n t ifie d f o r ro u tin g to d e p a rtm e n ts w ith in the
e s t a b lis h m e n t ; p r e p a r in g and k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f g o o d s r e c e iv e d .
F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a re c l a s s i f i e d as f o llo w s :
S h ip p e r
R e c e iv e r
S h ip p e r and r e c e i v e r

B O IL E R T E N D E R
F i r e s s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s to fu r n is h the e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m ­
p lo y e d w ith h e a t , p o w e r , o r s te a m .
F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e b y h an d o r
o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a t e r and
s a fe t y v a l v e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t.

W AREHOU SEM AN
A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f w a r e h o u s in g du ties w h ich r e q u ir e
an u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p la n . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t
o f th e f o l l o w i n g : V e r if y in g m a t e r ia ls ( o r m e r c h a n d is e ) a g a in st r e c e iv in g
d o c u m e n t s , n o tin g and r e p o r t in g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; ro u tin g
m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e lo c a t io n s ; s t o r i n g , s ta c k in g , o r p a lle t iz in g
m a t e r ia ls in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g in g and
ta k in g in v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls and r e ­
p o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s t o r a g e and
p r e p a r in g it f o r s h ip m e n t. M a y o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r tr u c k s in p e r fo r m in g
w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s .

Material Movement and Custodial
T R U C K D R IV E R
D r iv e s
a t r u c k w ith in a c it y o r in d u s t r ia l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t
m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b e tw e e n v a r io u s t y p e s o f
e s t a b lis h m e n t s s u c h a s: M a n u fa c tu r in g p la n ts , fr e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s ,
w h o l e s a le and r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s and
c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s in e s s .
M a y a ls o lo a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k
w ith o r w ith o u t h e l p e r s , m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p t r u c k in
g o o d w o r k in g o r d e r .
S a le s r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x c lu d e d .
F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s ,
r a te d c a p a c it y o f t r u c k , a s f o llo w s :

t r u c k d r iv e r s

are

E x c lu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u tie s in v o lv e sh ip p in g and r e ­
c e iv in g w o r k ( s e e S h ip p e r and R e c e i v e r and S h ip p in g P a c k e r ) , o r d e r fillin g
( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r t r u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ).

c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e and

T r u c k d r i v e r , lig h t t r u c k
(s t r a ig h t t r u c k , u n d e r IV 2 t o n s , u s u a lly 4 w h e e ls )
T r u c k d r i v e r , m e d iu m tr u c k
(s t r a ig h t t r u c k , IV 2 to 4 to n s i n c lu s iv e , u s u a lly 6 w h e e ls )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h ea v y tru ck
(s t r a ig h t t r u c k , o v e r 4 t o n s , u su a lly 10 w h e e l s )
T r u c k d r iv e r , t r a c t o r -t r a ile r

O R D E R F IL L E R
F i l l s s h ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r f in is h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d
m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a le s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s '
o r d e r s , o r o t h e r i n s t r u c t io n s .
M a y , in a d d itio n to f illin g o r d e r s and i n ­
d ic a t in g it e m s f i l l e d o r o m it t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s , r e q u is it io n
a d d itio n a l s t o c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m o th e r
r e la t e d d u tie s .

S H IP P E R A N D R E C E IV E R
P e r f o r m s c l e r i c a l and p h y s ic a l ta s k s in c o n n e c t io n w ith s h ip p in g
g o o d s o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d and r e c e iv in g in c o m in g
s h ip m e n t s .
In p e r f o r m i n g d a y - t o - d a y , ro u tin e t a s k s , fo llo w s e s t a b lis h e d
g u id e lin e s . In h a n d lin g u n u su a l n o n ro u tin e p r o b l e m s , r e c e i v e s s p e c i f i c g u id ­
an ce fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r o th e r o ffic ia ls .
M a y d i r e c t and c o o r d in a t e th e
a c t i v it ie s o f o t h e r w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in h a n d lin g g o o d s to b e s h ip p e d o r b e in g
r e c e iv e d .

S H IP P IN G P A C K E R
P r e p a r e s f in is h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g th e m
in sh ip p in g c o n t a in e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d ep en d en t
u pon the t y p e , s i z e , and n u m b e r o f u n its to b e p a c k e d , th e ty p e o f c o n ta in e r
e m p lo y e d , and m e t h o d o f s h ip m e n t. W o r k r e q u ir e s th e p la c in g o f it e m s in
s h ip p in g c o n t a in e r s a nd m a y in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g : K n o w le d g e
o f v a r io u s it e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r to v e r i f y co n te n t; s e le c t io n o f a p p r o p r ia t e
ty p e and s iz e o f c o n t a in e r ; in s e r t in g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u sin g e x c e l s i o r
o r o t h e r m a t e r ia l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c lo s in g and s e a lin g
c o n t a in e r ; and a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n t e r in g id e n tify in g data on c o n ta in e r .
P a c k e r s w h o a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d .

S h ip p e r s t y p i c a l l y a r e r e s p o n s ib le f o r m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
V e r if y in g th a t o r d e r s a r e a c c u r a t e ly f i l l e d b y c o m p a r in g it e m s and q u a n titie s
o f g o o d s g a t h e r e d f o r s h ip m e n t a g a in st d o c u m e n t s ; in s u r in g th at s h ip m e n ts
a r e p r o p e r l y p a c k a g e d , id e n t ifie d w ith sh ip p in g in fo r m a t io n , and lo a d e d in to
t r a n s p o r t in g v e h i c l e s ; p r e p a r in g and k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f g o o d s s h ip p e d , e . g . ,
m a n i f e s t s , b i l l s o f la d in g .




41

M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R

GU A R D — C on tin u e d

A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g plaint, s t o r e , o r
o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g :
L o a d in g and u n lo a d in g v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r f r o m f r e ig h t
c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g
m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t in g
m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a in d is e b y h a n d t r u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w .
L on gshore
w o r k e r s , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d s h ip s , a r e e x c lu d e d .

P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o l l e d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k
o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in d s a b ou t a w a r e h o u s e ,
m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .
F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s
t r u c k , a s f o llo w s :

a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f p o w e r -

F o r k lif t o p e r a t o r
P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r ( o t h e r th an f o r k lif t )

v ic e s

G u a rd s e m p lo y e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h p r o v id e p r o t e c t iv e
on a c o n t r a c t b a s is a r e in c lu d e d in t h is o c c u p a t io n .

ser­

F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s , g u a r d s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o llo w s :
C la s s A . E n f o r c e s r e g u la tio n s d e s ig n e d t o p r e v e n t b r e a c h e s o f
s e c u r ity .
E x e r c i s e s ju d g m e n t and u s e s d i s c r e t i o n in d e a lin g w ith e m e r ­
g e n c ie s and s e c u r it y v io la t io n s e n c o u n t e r e d .
D e t e r m in e s w h e t h e r f i r s t
r e s p o n s e s h o u ld b e to in te r v e n e d ir e c t ly (a s k in g f o r a s s i s t a n c e w h e n d e e m e d
n e c e s s a r y a nd tim e a llo w s ), to k e e p s itu a tio n u n d e r s u r v e i l l a n c e , o r t o r e ­
p o r t s itu a tio n s o that it ca n b e h a n d le d b y a p p r o p r ia t e a u t h o r ity .
D u tie s
r e q u ir e s p e c i a l i z e d tr a in in g in m e th o d s and t e c h n iq u e s o f p r o t e c t in g s e c u r it y
a r e a s . C o m m o n ly , th e g u a r d is r e q u ir e d to d e m o n s t r a t e c o n tin u in g p h y s ic a l
f it n e s s and p r o f i c i e n c y w ith f i r e a r m s o r o t h e r s p e c i a l w e a p o n s .
C la s s B . C a r r ie s out in s t r u c t io n s p r i m a r i l y o r ie n t e d t o w a r d i n ­
s u r in g th at e m e r g e n c i e s and s e c u r it y v io la t io n s a r e r e a d il y d i s c o v e r e d and
r e p o r t e d t o a p p r o p r ia t e a u th o r ity . I n t e r v e n e s d i r e c t l y o n ly in s itu a tio n s w h ic h
r e q u ir e m in im a l a c tio n to s a fe g u a r d p r o p e r t y o r p e r s o n s .
D u tie s r e q u ir e
m in im a l t r a in in g .
C o m m o n ly , the g u a r d is n o t r e q u ir e d to d e m o n s t r a t e
p h y s ic a l f i t n e s s . M ay be a r m e d , but g e n e r a lly is n ot r e q u ir e d t o d e m o n s t r a t e
p r o f i c i e n c y in th e u se o f f i r e a r m s o r s p e c i a l w e a p o n s .
J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R

GUARD
P r o t e c t s p r o p e r t y f r o m th e ft o r d a m a g e , o r p e r s o n s f r o m h a z a r d s
o r in t e r f e r e n c e . D u tie s in v o lv e s e r v in g at a fix e d p o s t , m a k in g ro u n d s on
fo o t o r b y m o t o r v e h i c l e , o r e s c o r t i n g p e r s o n s o r p r o p e r t y . M a y b e d e p u t iz e d
to m a k e a r r e s t s .
M a y a ls o h e lp v i s i t o r s and c u s t o m e r s b y a n s w e r in g
q u e s t io n s and g iv in g d i r e c t i o n s .




C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d it io n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s and
w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r
o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u ties in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : S w e e p in g ,
m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s , t r a s h , and o t h e r
r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, f u r n it u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l f ix t u r e s o r
t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m i n o r m a in te n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; and c le a n in g ,
l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s .
W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w
w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d .

Service Contract
Act Surveys
T h e f o llo w in g a r e a s a r e s u r ­
v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m in ­
i s t e r i n g th e S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A ct
o f 19 6 5.
S u rv ey re s u lts are pu b­
lis h e d in r e l e a s e s w h ic h a r e a v a ila ­
b l e , at n o c o s t , w h ile s u p p lie s la s t
f r o m any o f th e B L S r e g io n a l o f f i c e s
s h o w n on th e b a c k c o v e r .
A la s k a (s t a t e w id e )
A lb a n y , G a.
A le x a n d r ia —L e e s v i l l e , L a .
A lp e n a —S ta n d ish —T a w a s C it y , M ic h .
A n n A r b o r , M ic h .
A t la n t ic C it y , N .J .
A u g u s t a , G a .—S .C .
A u s t in , T e x .
B a k e r s f i e l d , C a lif.
B a to n R o u g e , L a .
B a tt le C r e e k , M ic h .
B e a u m o n t—P o r t A r t h u r —O r a n g e , T e x .
B e a u m o n t—P o rt A r t h u n -O ra n g e
and L a k e C h a r l e s , T e x . —L a .
B ilo x i—G u lfp o r t and P a s c a g o u la —
M o ss P o in t, M is s .
B in g h a m t o n , N .Y .
B ir m in g h a m , A la .
B lo o m in g t o n —V i n c e n n e s , Ind.
B r e m e rto n —S h e lt o n , W a s h .
B r u n s w ic k , G a .
C e d a r R a p id s , Io w a
C h a m p a ig n —U rb a n a —R a n t o u l, 111.
C h a r le s t o n —N o r t h C h a r le s t o n —
W a i t e r b o r o , S .C .
C h a r lo t t e —G a s t o n ia , N .C .
C h eyenn e, W yo.
C l a r k s v i l l e —H o p k in s v ille , T e n n .—K y.
C o l o r a d o S p r i n g s , C o lo .
C o lu m b ia —S u m t e r , S .C .
C o lu m b u s , G a .—A la .
C o lu m b u s , M i s s .
D e c a t u r , 111.
D e s M o in e s , Io w a
D uluth—S u p e r i o r , M in n .—W is .
E l P a s o —A la m o g o r d o —L a s C r u c e s ,
T e x . —N. M e x .
E u g e n e —S p r in g fie ld —M e d f o r d , O r e g .
F a y e t t e v i l l e , N .C .




F o r t L a u d e r d a le —H o lly w o o d
and W e s t P a lm B e a c h —
B o c a R a to n , F la .
F o r t S m ith , A r k .—O k la .
F r e d e r i c k —H a g e r s to w n —
C h a m b e r s b u r g , M d .- P a .
G o ld s b o r o , N .C .
G ra n d Isla n d —H a s t in g s , N e b r .
G uam , T e r r ito r y o f
H a r r is b u r g —L e b a n o n , P a .
K n o x v ille , T e n n .
L a red o, T ex.
L a s V e g a s —T o n o p a h , N ev .
L im a , O hio
L it tle R o ck —N o rth L it tle R o c k , A r k .
L o g a n s p o r t H P e r u , Ind.
L o r a in —E ly r ia , O h io
L o w e r E a s te r n S h o r e , M d .—V a .—D e l.
M a c o n , Ga.
M a d is o n , W is .
M a in e (s ta te w id e )
M a n s fie ld , O h io
M c A lle n —P h a r r ^ E d in b u r g
and B r o w n s v ille —H a r lin g e n —
San B e n ito , T e x .
M e r id ia n , M is s .
M id d le s e x , M o n m o u th , and
O c e a n C o s ., N .J .
M o b ile —P e n s a c o la —P a n a m a C it y ,
A la .—F la .
M on ta n a (s t a te w id e )
N a s h v ille —D a v id s o n , T e n n .
N ew B e r n —J a c k s o n v i l l e , N .C .
N ew H a m p s h ir e (s t a te w id e )
N ew L on don —N o r w ic h , C on n .—R .I.
N o rth D akota (s t a te w id e )
N o r th e r n N ew Y o r k
N o rth w e s t T e x a s
O r la n d o , F la .
O x n a rd —S im i V a lle y —V e n tu r a , C a lif.
P e o r i a , III.
P h o e n ix , A r iz .
P in e B lu ff, A r k .
P u e b lo , C o lo .
P u e r t o R ic o
R a le ig h —D u r h a m , N .C .
R e n o , N ev.
S a lin a , K a n s.

S a lin a s —S e a s id e —M o n t e r e y , C a lif.
S a n d u s k y , O h io
S an ta B a r b a r a —S a n ta M a r ia —
L o m p o c , C a lif.
S a va n n a h , G a .
S e lm a , A la .
S h re v e p o rt, La.
S ou th D a k ota (s t a te w id e )
S o u th e rn Ida h o
S o u th w e st V ir g in ia
S p o k a n e , W a sh .
S p r in g fie ld , 111.
S t o c k to n , C a lif.
T a c o m a , W ash .
T a m p a —S t. P e t e r s b u r g , F la .
T o p e k a , K a n s.
T u c s o n —D o u g la s , A r i z .
T u ls a , O k la .
U p p e r P e n in s u la , M ic h .
V e r m o n t (s t a te w id e )
V ir g in Is la n d s o f th e U .S .
W a c o and K ille e n —T e m p le , T e x .
W a t e r lo o —C e d a r F a lls , Iow a
W e s t V ir g in ia (s t a te w id e )
W ic h it a F a l l s —L a w ton —A lt u s ,
T e x .—O k la .
W ilm in g to n , D e l.—N .J .—M d.
Y a k im a —R ic h la n d —K e n n e w ic k —
P e n d le t o n , W a s h .—O r e g .

A LSO A V A IL A B L E —
A n a nn ual r e p o r t on s a la r ie s f o r
a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d it o r s , c h ie f a c c o u n t ­
a n ts , a t t o r n e y s , jo b a n a ly s t s , d i r e c ­
t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l, b u y e r s , c h e m is t s ,
e n g i n e e r s , e n g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s ,
d r a f t e r s , a n d c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s
is a v a ila b le .
O r d e r as B L S B u lle ­
tin 19 8 0, N a tio n a l S u rv e y o f P r o ­
f e s s i o n a l , A d m in is t r a t iv e , T e c h n ic a l
and C l e r i c a l P a y , M a r c h 1 9 7 7 , $ 2 .4 0
a c o p y , f r o m any o f the B L S r e ­
g io n a l s a le s o f f i c e s sh ow n on the
b a c k c o v e r , o r f r o m the S u p e r in ­
te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S . G o v e r n ­
m e n t P r in t in g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n ,
D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 .




Area Wage
Surveys
A l i s t o f th e la t e s t b u lle tin s a v a ila b le is p r e s e n t e d b e lo w .
B u lle tin s
m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m a n y o f th e B L S r e g io n a l o f f i c e s sh ow n on th e b a c k
c o v e r , o r f r o m th e S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S. G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g
O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 .
M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le to S u p e rin te n d e n t o f
D o cu m e n ts .
A d i r e c t o r y o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e s u r v e y s , c o v e r i n g th e y e a r s
1970 th r o u g h 1 9 7 6 , is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t .

A rea
A k r o n , O h io , D e c . 19 7 7 ____________________________________ ____ —
A lb a n y —S c h e n e c ta d y —T r o y , N . Y ., S ep t. 1977 ------------------------A n a h e im —Santa A n a—G a r d e n G r o v e ,
C a l i f . , O c t . 1 9 7 7 ______ __________ _______________________________ _
A t la n t a , G a ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ----------------------------------------------------------------B a l t i m o r e , M d ., A u g . 1 9 7 7 ---------------------------------------------------------B i l l i n g s , M o n t ., J u ly 1977 1 -------------------------------------------------------B ir m in g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1 9 7 7 ---------------------------------------------------B o s t o n , M a s s . , A u g . 1977 _______________________________________
B u ff a lo , N . Y ., O c t . 1977 ________________________________________
C a n to n , O h i o , M a y 1 977 1 -----------------------------------------------------------C h a tta n o o g a , T e n n .—G a ., S e p t. 1977
-----------------------------------C h ic a g o , 111., M a y 1977 1-------------------------------------------------------------C in c in n a t i, O h io —K y .—In d ., J u ly 1 9 7 7 1 -----------------------------------C le v e la n d , O h io , S e p t. 1977 1 ----------------------------------------------------C o lu m b u s , O h io , O c t . 1 9 7 7 ---------------------------------------------------------C o r p u s C h r i s t i , T e x . , J u ly 1977 1 --------------------------------------------D a lla s —F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O c t . 1 9 7 7 ----------------------------------------D a v e n p o r t—R o c k Is la n d —M o lin e , Iow a—111., F e b . 1978_______
D a y to n , O h io , D e c . 1977 1------------------------------------------------------------D a y to n a B e a c h , F l a . , A u g . 1977 1---------------------------------------------D e n v e r —B o u l d e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1977 1 ----------------------------------------D e t r o it , M i c h ., M a r . 1 9 7 8 _______________________________________
F r e s n o , C a l i f . , Jun e 1977 ----------------------------------------------------------G a i n e s v i l l e , F l a . , S e p t. 1977 1---------------------------------------------------G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u ly 1 9 7 7 -------------------------------------------------------G r e e n s b o r o —W in s t o n -S a l e m —H ig h P o in t,
N .C ., A u g . 1977 1 ________________________________________________
G r e e n v ille —S p a r ta n b u r g , S .C ., Jun e 1977 ------------------------------H a r t f o r d , C o n n ., M a r . 1978 1___________________________________
H o u s to n , T e x ., A u g . 1977 1 ---------------------------------------------------------H u n t s v ille , A l a . , F e b . 1978_______ _______ _______________________
I n d ia n a p o lis , I n d ., O c t . 1 9 7 7 ____________________________________
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n . 19 7 8 _______________________________________
J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1977___________ _______________________
K a n s a s C it y , M o .—K a n s ., S e p t. 1 9 7 7 ----------------------------------------L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h , C a l i f . , O c t . 1 9 7 7 --------------------------L o u i s v i l l e , K y.—I n d ., N o v . 1977 1 ______________________________
M e m p h is , T e n n .—A r k .—M i s s ., N o v . 1977______________________




B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e *
1 9 5 0 -7 0 , 80 ce n ts
1 9 5 0 -5 2 , 80 c e n ts
1 9 5 0 -6 0 ,
1 9 5 0 -1 7 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 9 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 0 ,
1 9 5 0 -8 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 0 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 8 ,
1 9 5 0 -2 8 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 4 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 1 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 5 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 3 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 4 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 5 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 5 ,
2 0 2 5 -6 ,
1 9 5 0 -7 1 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 3 ,
1 9 5 0 -7 4 ,
2 0 2 5 -1 1 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 0 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 6 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 6 ,

$ 1 .0 0
$ 1 .2 0
$ 1 .2 0
$ 1 .0 0
85 c e n ts
$ 1 .2 0
$ 1 .0 0
$ 1 .1 0
70 c e n ts
$ 1 .4 0
$ 1 .2 0
$ 1 .4 0
$ 1 .0 0
$ 1 -0 0
$ 1 .2 0
70 c e n ts
$ 1 .1 0
$ 1 .0 0
$ 1.40
$ 1 .2 0
70 c e n ts
$ 1 .0 0
70 c e n ts

1 9 5 0 -4 2 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 3 ,
2 0 2 5 -1 4 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 8 ,
2 0 2 5 -4 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 6 ,
2 0 2 5 -1 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 7 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 4 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 1 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 6 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 3 ,

$ 1 .1 0
70 c e n ts
$ 1 .2 0
$ 1 .4 0
70 ce n ts
$ 1 .0 0
70 ce n ts
70 ce n ts
$ 1 .0 0
$ 1 .2 0
$ 1.20
70 ce n ts

A rea
M ia m i, F l a . , O c t . 1 9 7 7 _________________________________________
M ilw a u k e e , W i s ., A p r . 1977 ___________________________________
M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l, M in n .—W i s . , Jan. 1978 1 _____________
N a s s a u - S u f f o lk , N . Y ., June 1977 ______________________________
N e w a r k , N .J ., Jan . 1978 1_______________________________________
N ew O r l e a n s , L a ., Jan. 1978___________________________________
N ew Y o r k , N .Y .—N .J ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ______________________________
N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h , V a .—
N .C ., M a y 1977 _________________________________________________
N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h and
N e w p o r t N ew s—H a m p to n , V a .—N .C ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ____________
N o r t h e a s t P e n n s y lv a n ia , A u g . 1977 1__________________________
O k la h o m a C it y , O k la ., A u g . 1977 1 ____________________________
O m a h a , N e b r .- I o w a , O c t . 1977 1 ______________________________
P a t e r s o n —C lifto n —P a s s a i c , N .J ., June 1977 _________________
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a .—N .J ., N o v . 1977_____________________________
P it t s b u r g h , P a ., J a n . 1978 _____________________________________
P o r t la n d , M a in e , D e c . 1977____________________________________
P o r t la n d , O r e g .—W a s h ., M a y 1977 1___________________________
P o u g h k e e p s ie , N .Y ., June 1977 _______________________________
P o u g h k e e p s ie —K in g s to n —N e w b u r g h , N .Y ., June 1 9 7 6 _______
P r o v i d e n c e —W a r w ic k —P a w t u c k e t , R .I .—
M a s s . , June 1977 1 _______________ _____________ ________________
R ic h m o n d , V a ., June 1977 1 ____________________________________
St. L o u is , M o .—111., M a r . 1977 _____________________
S a c r a m e n t o , C a l i f ., D e c . 1977 1_______________________________
S a g in a w , M i c h ., N o v . 1977______________________________________
Salt L a k e C ity—O g d e n , U tah , N o v . 1977 ______________________
San A n t o n io , T e x ., M a y 1977 1_________________________________
San D ie g o , C a l i f ., N o v . 1977 1 _________________________________
San F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d , C a l i f ., M a r . 1978 1_________________
San J o s e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1978 1___________________________________
S e a ttle —E v e r e t t , W a s h ., D e c . 1977_____________________________
South B e n d , In d ., A u g . 1977 1 __________________________________
T o le d o , O h i o - M i c h ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ________________________________
T r e n t o n , N .J ., S ep t. 1 9 7 7 _______________________________________
U t i c a - R o m e , N .Y ., J u ly 1977 1 ________________________________
W a s h in g t o n , D .C .—M d .—V a . , M a r . 1978 1_____________________
W ic h it a , K a n s ., A p r . 1977 1 ____________________________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , A p r . 1977 _________________________________
Y o r k , P a ., F e b . 1978 1__________________________________________

B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e *
1 9 5 0 -5 7 , $ 1.00
1 9 5 0 -1 4 , $ 1.10
2 0 2 5 -2 ,
$ 1.40
1 9 5 0 -2 7 , $ 1.00
2 0 2 5 -7 ,
$ 1.40
2 0 2 5 -5 ,
$ 1.00
1 9 5 0 -3 1 , $ 1.20
1 9 5 0 -2 0 , 70 ce n ts
1 9 5 0 -2 1 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 8 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 9 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 5 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 4 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 2 ,
2 0 2 5 -3 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 9 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 2 ,
1 9 5 0 -2 5 ,
1 9 0 0 -5 5 ,
1 9 5 0 -2 2 ,
1 9 5 0 -2 3 ,
1 9 5 0 -1 0 ,
1 9 5 0 -7 2 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 9 ,
1 9 5 0 -6 8 ,
1 9 5 0 -2 4 ,
1 9 5 0 -7 3 ,
2 0 2 5 -1 0 ,
2 0 2 5 -9 ,
1 9 5 0 -7 5 ,
1 9 5 0 -5 1 ,
1 9 5 0 -1 8 ,
1 9 5 0 -4 7 ,
1 9 5 0 -3 7 ,
2 0 2 5 -1 2 ,
1 9 5 0 -1 6 ,
1 9 5 0 -1 5 ,
2 0 2 5 -8 ,

Prices are d e te rm in e d by th e G o ve rn m e n t P rin tin g O ffic e and are su b jec t to change.
1 D a ta on e sta b lis h m e n t prac tic e s and su p p lem e n ta ry w age provisio n s are also presented.

v

70 ce n ts

$ 1.10
$ 1.10
$ 1.10
70 ce n ts

$ 1.20
$ 1.10
70 ce n ts

$ 1.20

70 ce n ts
5 5 c e n ts

$ 1.20
$ 1.10
$ 1.20
$ 1.00
70 ce n ts
80 ce n ts

$ 1.10
$ 1.10
$ 1.40

$ 1.20
80 ce n ts

$ 1.10

80 ce n ts
70 ce n ts

$ 1.10
$ 1.40

$ 1.10
70 ce n ts

$ 1.10

Postage and Fees Paid
U.S. Department of Labor

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
Official Business
Penalty for private use, $300

Third Class Mail
Lab-441

Bureau off Labor Statistics Regional Offices
Region I

Region H

Region

1603 JF K Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6761 (A re a C o d e 617)

Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N Y. 10036
Phone: 399-5406 (A re a C o d e 212)

3535 Market Street,
P .0 Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
Phone: 596-1154 (A re a C o d e 215)

Suite 540
>371 Peachtree St., N.E.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
F>hone: 881-4418 (Area Code 404)

Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont

New Jersey
New York
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands

Delaware
District of Columbia
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Virginia
West Virginia

Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
M ississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee

Region V

Region VI

Regions VII and VIII

Regions IX and X

9th Floor, 230 S. Dearborn St.
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone:353-1880 (Area Code 312)

Second Floor
555 Griffin Square Building
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: 749-3516 (A re a C o d e 214)

Federal Office Building
911 Walnut St., 15th Floor
Kansas City, Mo 64106
P hone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)

450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (A re aC o d e415)

VII

VIII

IX

X

Iowa
Kansas
Missouri
Nebraska

Colorado
Montana
North Dakota
South Dakota
Utah

Arizona
California
Hawaii
Nevada

Alaska
Idaho
Oregon
Washington

Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Ohio
W isconsin




Arkansas
Louisiana
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Texas

Region IV

in

W yoming