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BUREAU
OF
LABOR
S T A T IS T IC S
R E G IO N A L
O F F IC E S
ALASKA
Region I
1603-A Federal Building
Governm ent Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6761 (Area Code 617)
Region II
Region V
219 South Dearborn St.
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)
Region VI
341 N in th Ave., Rm. 1025
New Y o rk , N .Y . 10001
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)
1100 Commerce St., Rm. 6B7
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)
* Regions V II and V III w ill be serviced by Kansas C ity.
* * Regions I X and X w ill be serviced by San Francisco.
Region III
406 Penn Square Building
1317 F ilb e rtS t.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19107
Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215)
Region IV
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St. NE.
A tla n ta , Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)
Regions V II and V III
Federal O ffice Building
911 W alnut St., 10th F loor
Kansas C ity , Mo. 64106
Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)
Regions IX and X
450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
AR EA WAGE SURVEY
T h e B u rlin g to n , V e rm o n t A re a ,
M a rc h 1971
Bulletin 1685-59
June 1971
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 35 cents
Contents
P reface
Page
In trod u ction ____________________________________________________________________
T a b le s :
1.
A.
A t the end o f ea ch s u r v e y , an in d iv id u a l a r e a b u l
letin p r e s e n ts th e s u r v e y r e s u lt s . A ft e r c o m p le t io n o f a ll
o f the in d iv id u a l a r e a b u lle tin s fo r a roun d o f s u r v e y s , tw o
s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d .
T h e f i r s t b r in g s data fo r
ea ch o f the m e t r o p o lita n a r e a s stu d ied in to on e b u lle tin .
T h e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s in fo r m a t io n w h ich h as b e e n p r o je c t e d
f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o lita n a r e a data t o r e la t e to g e o
g ra p h ic r e g io n s and th e U n ited S ta te s.
B.
N in ety a r e a s c u r r e n tly a r e in c lu d e d in the p r o
g r a m . In ea ch a r e a , in fo r m a t io n on o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s
is c o lle c t e d an n ually and on e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and
su p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p r o v is io n s b ie n n ia lly .
E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y
and n u m b e r s t u d ie d _________________________________________________
E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v is io n s :
B - l . M in im u m e n tr a n ce s a la r ie s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e
w o r k e r s ________________________________________________________
B - 2 . Shift d if f e r e n t i a l s _____________________________________________
B - 3 . S ch e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s ______________________________________
B - 4 . P a id h o lid a y s ___________________________________________________
B - 5 . P a id v a c a t i o n s _________________________________________________
B - 6 . H ealth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s ______________________
9
10
11
12
13
15
A p p e n d ix .
O cc u p a tio n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ______________________________________
NOTE:
S im ila r ta b u la tio n s a r e a v a ila b le
a r e a s . (See in s id e b a ck c o v e r .)
f o r o th e r
U nion s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls in
the B u rlin g to n a r e a , a r e a ls o a v a ila b le f o r se v e n s e le c t e d
bu ild in g t r a d e s .
iii
4
O cc u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s :
A -l.
O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s —m e n and w o m e n _________________________
A - 2. P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —m e n ______________
A - 3 . O f f ic e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —
m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d ________________________________
A - 4 . M a in te n a n ce and p o w e rp la n t o c c u p a t io n s ________________
A - 5 . C u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s __________
T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n t s r e s u lts o f the s u r v e y in
B u rlin g ton , V t ., in M a r c h 1971.
T h e a r e a c o n s is t s o f
B u rlin g ton , E s s e x J u n ction , South B u rlin g to n , and W in o o sk i
in C h itten den C ou n ty.
T h is study w as co n d u c te d b y th e
B u r e a u ’ s r e g io n a l o f f ic e in B o s to n , M a s s ., u n d er th e g e n
e r a l d ir e c t io n o f P au l Y . M u lk e r n , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l
D ir e c t o r f o r O p e r a tio n s .
1
00 -0 O'
T h e B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta t is t ic s p r o g r a m o f annual
o c cu p a tio n a l w ag e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o lita n a r e a s is d e
sig n ed to p r o v id e data on o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s , and e s t a b
lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v i s io n s . It
y ie ld s d e ta ile d data by s e le c t e d in d u s tr y d iv is io n f o r ea ch
o f the a r e a s stu d ied , f o r g e o g r a p h ic r e g io n s , and fo r the
U nited S ta tes.
A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the p r o g r a m is
the n eed f o r g r e a te r in sig h t in to ( l ) t h e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s
by o c cu p a tio n a l c a te g o r y and s k ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c
tu r e and le v e l o f w a g e s am on g a r e a s and in d u str y d iv is io n s .
5
6
17
Introduction
O cc u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s data a r e show n fo r
f u ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o s e h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch e d u le
in the g iv e n o c c u p a t io n a l c la s s ific a t io n .
E a rn in g s data e x clu d e p r e
m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and
la te s h ifts .
N o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a llo w a n c e s and in ce n tiv e e a r n in g s a r e in clu d e d . W h e re w e e k ly h o u rs
a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o f f ic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the
sta n d a rd w o rk w e e k (r o u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ich e m
p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay
fo r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n
in gs f o r th e se o c c u p a tio n s h ave b e e n rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r .
T h is a r e a is 1 o f 90 in w h ich the U.S. D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r 's
B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s co n d u cts s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s
and r e la te d b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . 1 In th is a r e a , data w e r e
obtain ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u rea u fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n t
ativ e e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s :
M anu
fa c tu r in g ; tr a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ica tio n , and oth e r p u b lic u t ilitie s ;
w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and
s e r v ic e s .
M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th e se stu d ies a r e
g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s .
E s ta b lis h m e n ts h aving fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e
o m itte d b e c a u s e th ey tend to fu rn is h in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the
o c cu p a tio n s stu d ied to w a rra n t in clu s io n .
S ep a ra te ta b u la tion s a r e
p r o v id e d f o r ea ch o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b li
c a tio n c r it e r ia .
T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e the le v e l o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s in
an a r e a at a p a r t ic u la r tim e . C o m p a r is o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a tio n a l
a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y not r e f le c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s .
T he
a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l jo b s a r e a ffe c te d b y ch a n g e s in w a g e s and
e m p lo y m e n t p a tte r n s . F o r e x a m p le , p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d
b y h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e fir m s m a y ch a n ge o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y
ad va n ce to b e t te r jo b s and be r e p la c e d b y new w o r k e r s at lo w e r r a te s .
Such sh ifts in e m p lo y m e n t c o u ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e
ev en though m o s t e s ta b lis h m e n ts in an a r e a in c r e a s e w a g e s du ring
the y e a r . T r e n d s in e a r n in g s o f o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , show n in ta b le
2, a r e b e t te r in d ic a t o r s o f w a g e tre n d s than in d iv id u a l jo b s w ith in
the g r o u p s .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e co n d u cte d on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f
the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rv e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
To
obtain op tim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t io n o f
la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied. In co m b in in g the data,
h o w e v e r , a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv e n th e ir a p p ro p r ia te w eig h t. E s
tim a te s b a se d on the e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e ,
as rela tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou p in g and a r e a ,
e x ce p t fo r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied.
O ccu p a tio n s and E a rn in g s
The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r study a re c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty
o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the
fo llo w in g ty p e s : (1) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l;
(3) m a in ten a n ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (4) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e
m en t. O cc u p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m se t o f jo b
d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a cco u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n
in d u ties w ith in the sa m e jo b .
The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r study
a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in the ap pen dix. T h e e a rn in g s data fo llo w in g
the jo b title s a r e fo r a ll in d u s tr ie s c o m b in e d . E a rn in g s data f o r so m e
o f the o c cu p a tio n s lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d , o r fo r so m e in d u stry d iv is io n s
w ithin o c c u p a tio n s , a r e not p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s , b e c a u s e
e ith e r ( l) em p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough
data to m e r it p r e s e n ta tio n , o r (2) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c l o s u r e
o f in d iv id u a l e sta b lis h m e n t data. E a rn in g s data not show n s e p a r a te ly
f o r in d u stry d iv is io n s a r e in clu d e d in a ll in d u s tr ie s c o m b in e d data,
w h e r e show n. L ik e w is e , data a r e in clu d e d in the o v e r a ll c la s s ifi c a t io n
w hen a s u b c la s s ific a t io n o f s e c r e t a r ie s o r tr u c k d r iv e r s is not show n
o r in fo rm a tio n to s u b c la s s ify is not a v a ila b le .
T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n te d r e f le c t c o m p o s it e , a r e a w id e e s t i
m a te s .
In d u s tr ie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts d iffe r in p a y le v e l and jo b
sta ffin g and, th u s, c o n trib u te d iffe r e n t ly to the e s t im a te s f o r e a ch jo b .
T h e p a y r e la tio n s h ip ob ta in a b le f r o m the a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e f le c t
a c c u r a t e ly the w ag e s p r e a d o r d iffe r e n t ia l m a in ta in ed a m on g jo b s in
in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts . S im ila r ly , d iffe r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y le v e ls
f o r m en and w o m e n in any o f the s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s sh ou ld not be
a s s u m e d to r e f le c t d iffe r e n c e s in p a y tr e a tm e n t o f the s e x e s w ithin
in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
O th er p o s s ib le f a c t o r s w h ich m a y c o n
trib u te to d iffe r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n and w o m e n in c lu d e : D iffe r e n c e s
in p r o g r e s s io n w ith in e s t a b lis h e d ra te r a n g e s , s in c e on ly the a ctu a l
r a te s p a id in cu m b e n ts a r e c o lle c t e d ; and d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c if i c du ties
p e r fo r m e d , alth ough the w o r k e r s a r e c la s s if i e d a p p r o p r ia te ly w ith in
the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip t io n . J o b d e s c r ip t io n s u se d in c la s s ify in g
e m p lo y e e s in th e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th o se
u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts and a llo w f o r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s
am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the s p e c if i c d u ties p e r fo r m e d .
1 Included in the 90 areas are four studies conducted under contract with the New York State
Department of Labor. These areas are Binghamton (New York portion only); Rochester (office occu
pations only); Syracuse; and Utica—Rome. In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies
in 77 areas at the request of the Wage and Hour Division of the U. S. Department of Labor.
O cc u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in
a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and n ot the n u m b er
a ctu a lly su r v e y e d .
B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l str u c tu r e
1
2
am ong e s t a b lis h m e n t s , the e s tim a te s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b
ta in ed fr o m the s a m p le o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te
the r e la t iv e im p o r ta n c e o f the jo b s stu d ied .
T h e s e d iffe r e n c e s in
o c c u p a tio n a l s t r u c tu r e do not a ffe c t m a t e r ia lly the a c c u r a c y o f the
e a rn in g s data.
E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s
In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c t e d
e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta r y w ag e p r o v is io n s as th ey
re la te to plant and o f f ic e w o r k e r s .
D ata f o r in d u str y d iv is io n s not
p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly a r e in clu d e d in the e s t im a te s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s ."
A d m in is t r a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and c o n s t r u c
tio n w o r k e r s w ho a r e u tiliz e d as a se p a r a te w o rk f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d .
"P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu d e w ork in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y
w o r k e r s (in clu d in g le a d m e n and tr a in e e s ) en ga ged in n o n o ffic e fu n c
tio n s .
" O f f ic e w o r k e r s " in clu d e w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r
v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n c tio n s .
C a fe te r ia
w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e e x clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , but
in clu d e d in n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s .
M in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s f o r w o m e n o f f ic e w o r k e r s (ta b le
B - l ) r e la te on ly to the e s ta b lis h m e n ts v is it e d . B e c a u s e o f the op tim u m
sa m p lin g tech n iq u es u s e d , and the p r o b a b ility that la r g e e s t a b lis h
m en ts a re m o r e lik e ly to h ave fo r m a l e n tra n ce r a te s f o r w o r k e r s
ab ove the s u b c le r ic a l le v e l than s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the ta b le is
m o r e -r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o li c ie s in m e d iu m and la r g e e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data (ta b le B -2 ) a r e lim ite d to plant w o r k e r s
in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s .
T h is in fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in
te r m s o f (1) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o li c y , 2 p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f to ta l plant
w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t, and (2) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d in te r m s
o f w o r k e r s a ctu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the
su rvey.
In e s ta b lis h m e n ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount
a p plyin g to a m a jo r it y w a s u sed o r , i f no am ount a p p lied to a m a jo r it y ,
the c la s s ifi c a t io n " o t h e r " w as u sed . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich som e
la t e -s h ift h ou rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d
on ly if it a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u r s .
T h e sc h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u rs (ta b le B -3 ) o f a m a jo r it y o f the
f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t a r e ta bu la ted as a p plyin g to
a ll o f the plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s o f that e sta b lis h m e n t.
S ch ed u led
w e e k ly h o u rs a r e th o se w h ich a m a jo r it y o f fu ll-t im e e m p lo y e e s w e r e
e x p e c te d to w o r k , w h eth er th ey w e r e p a id fo r at s t r a ig h t -tim e o r
o v e r t im e r a te s .
a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o r k e r s a re e lig ib le o r m a y e v en tu a lly q u a lify fo r
the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . Sum s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s in ta b le s B -2 th rou gh
B - 6 m a y n ot equ al to ta ls b e c a u s e o f rou n din g.
D ata on p a id h o lid a y s (ta b le B -4 ) a r e lim ite d to data on h o li
days g ra n ted an n ually on a fo r m a l b a s i s ; i . e . , ( l ) a r e p r o v id e d fo r
in w ritte n fo r m , o r (2) h ave b e e n e s ta b lis h e d b y cu s to m .
H olid a y s
o r d in a r ily g ra n ted a r e in clu d e d ev en though th ey m a y fa ll on a n on
w o rk d a y and the w o r k e r is not g ra n ted a n oth er day off.
T h e fir s t
p a rt o f the p a id h o lid a y s ta b le p r e s e n ts the n u m b er o f w h ole and "half
h o lid a y s a c tu a lly g ra n ted . T h e s e c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w h ole and h a lf
h o lid a y s to show to ta l h o lid a y t i m e .
The s u m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s (ta ble B -5 ) is lim ite d to a
s t a t is t ic a l m e a s u r e o f v a c a tio n p r o v is io n s .
It is not in ten ded as a
m e a s u r e o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly r e c e iv in g s p e c ifi c b e n e
fit s . P r o v is io n s o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t f o r a ll len gth s o f s e r v ic e w e r e
ta bu la ted as ap p lyin g to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s o f the e s t a b lis h
m en t, r e g a r d le s s o f len gth o f s e r v ic e .
P r o v is io n s fo r p a ym en t on
o th e r than a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r t e d to a tim e b a s i s ; fo r e x a m p le ,
a p a ym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the e q u iv
alen t o f 1 w e e k 's pay.
O n ly b a s ic pla n s a r e in clu d ed .
E s tim a te s
e x clu d e v a c a tio n bon u s and v a c a t io n -s a v in g s pla n s and th o se w h ich
o ffe r "e x te n d e d " o r " s a b b a t ic a l" b e n e fits b e y o n d b a s ic pla n s w ith
q u a lifyin g len gth s o f s e r v ic e . Such e x c lu s io n s a r e t y p ic a l in the s te e l,
alu m in u m , and ca n in d u s tr ie s .
D ata on h ealth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n pla n s (ta b le B -6 ) in
clu d e th o se p la n s f o r w h ich the e m p lo y e r pa ys at le a s t a p a rt o f the
c o s t. Such pla n s in clu d e th o se u n d erw ritten b y a c o m m e r c i a l in su ra n ce
c o m p a n y and th o se p r o v id e d th rou gh a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y
the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r r e n t o p e ra tin g funds o r fr o m a fund set a sid e
fo r this p u r p o s e . A n e sta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d to have a plan if
the m a jo r it y o f e m p lo y e e s w as e lig ib le to be c o v e r e d u nder the plan,
ev en if le s s than a m a jo r it y e le c te d to p a r t ic ip a te b e c a u s e e m p lo y e e s
w e r e r e q u ir e d to c o n trib u te to w a rd the c o s t o f the plan.
L e g a lly
r e q u ir e d p la n s , su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y ,
and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t w e r e e x clu d e d .
S ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f
in su r a n ce u n der w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a y m en ts a r e m ade d ir e c t ly
to the in s u r e d du ring illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y .
In fo rm a tio n is
p r e s e n te d fo r a ll su ch pla n s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u te s . H ow
e v e r , in New Y o r k and New J e r s e y , w h ich h ave en a cted te m p o r a r y
P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h ealth , in s u r a n c e , and
d is a b ilit y in s u r a n ce la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n trib u tio n s , plans
p e n s io n pla n s (ta b le s B - 4 th rou g h B -6 ) a re tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on
a r e in clu d e d on ly if the e m p lo y e r ( l ) c o n trib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly
the b a s is that th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll plant o r o f f ic e w o r k e r s if
r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the
2
An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following con
r e q u ir e m e n ts o f the law .
T a b u la tion s o f pa id s ic k le a v e plans a re
ditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it ( l)h a d operated late
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating
late shifts.
^ The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer
contributions.
3
lim ite d to fo r m a l p la n s 4 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll pa y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the
w o r k e r 's p a y du rin g a b s e n c e fr o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S ep a ra te
ta bu la tion s a r e p r e s e n te d a c c o r d in g to ( l ) pla n s w h ich p r o v id e fu ll pay
and no w aitin g p e r io d , and (2) pla n s w h ich p r o v id e e ith e r p a r t ia l pa y
o r a w aitin g p e r io d . In a d d ition to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s
o f w o r k e r s w ho a re p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce or* pa id
s ic k le a v e , an u n d u p lica ted to ta l is show n o f w o r k e r s w ho r e c e iv e
eith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fits .
4 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the
minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee.
Such a plan need not be
written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.
M a jo r m e d ic a l in s u r a n ce in clu d e s th o se plans w h ich a r e d e
sig n ed to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju r y in volvin g
e x p e n s e s b e y o n d the c o v e r a g e o f b a s ic h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and
s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in s u r a n ce r e f e r s to plan s p r o v id in g fo r c o m
p le te o r p a r t ia l pa ym en t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s .
D ental in su r a n ce u su a lly
c o v e r s fillin g s , e x t r a c t io n s , and X - r a y s .
E x clu d e d a r e pla n s w hich
c o v e r on ly o r a l s u r g e r y o r a c c id e n t d a m a g e.
P la n s m a y b e u n d e r
w ritte n b y c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n ce c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s
o r th ey m a y b e p a id fo r b y the e m p lo y e r out o f a fund set a s id e fo r
th is p u r p o s e . T a b u la tion s o f r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to
th o se pla n s that p r o v id e r e g u la r p a y m en ts fo r the r e m a in d e r o f the
w o r k e r 's life .
4
T a b le 1.
E s ta b lis h m e n ts an d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u rv e y an d n u m b e r s tu d ie d in
B u rlin g to n , V t .,1 b y m a jo r in d u s try divisio n ,2 M a rc h 1971
Number of establishm ents
Industry division
A ll d iv is io n s ______
_________________________
Manufacturing____________________ ________________
Nonmanufacturing____________________ ____________
Transportation, com m unication, and
other public u tilitie s 5 _______________________
W holesale tr a d e ____________ _________________
Retail trade____ ________________________________
Finance, insurance, and real e sta te ________
Services 8 _______________________________________
Minimum
employment
in establish
ments in scope
of study
_
W orkers in establishments
Within scope of study
Within scope
of study5
Studied
T o ta l4
Studied
Plant
Number
Percent
Office
T otal4
50
50
12,2 4 2
100
7, 123
2, 072
12, 242
-
17
33
17
33
8 ,5 3 5
3, 707
70
30
4, 930
2, 193
1, 164
908
8 ,5 3 5
3, 707
50
50
50
50
50
4
2
18
5
4
4
2
18
5
4
1,0 0 3
88
1 ,5 6 7
699
350
8
1
13
5
3
50
572
C)
(6 )
C )
(6 )
211
(6 )
C)
(6 )
(6 )
1,003
88
1,567
699
350
1 The Burlington area con sists of Burlington, E sse x Junction, South Burlington, and Winooski in Chittenden County. The "w o rk ers within scope of study" estim ates shown in this table
provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and com position of the labor force included in the survey. The estim ates are not intended,however, to serve as a basis of comparison
with other employment indexes for the area to m easu re employment trends or levels .since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishm ent data com piled considerably in advance
of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishm ents are excluded from the scope of the survey.
2 The 1967 edition of the Standard Industrial C lassification Manual was used in classifying establishm ents by industry division.
3 Includes all establishm ents with total employment at or above the m inim um lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service,
and motion picture theaters are considered as 1 establishm ent.
4 Includes executive, p ro fessio n al, and other w orkers excluded from the separate plant and office categories.
5 Abbreviated to "public u tilitie s " in the A - and B -s e r i e s tab les. Taxicabs and service s incidental to water transportation were excluded.
6 This industry division is represented in estim ates for " a l l in d u stries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A tables, and for " a l l in d u strie s" in the Series B tables. Separate presentation
of data for this division is not made for one or m ore of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit separate study, (2) the sample was not
designed initially to perm it separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to perm it separate presentation, and (4) there is possibility of disclosu re of individual establishm ent data.
7 W ork ers from this entire industry division are represented in estim ates for "a l l in d u stries" and "nonm anufacturing" in the Series A tables, but from the real estate portion only in
estim ates for " a l l in d u strie s" in the Series B tab les. Separate presentation of data for this division is not made for one or m ore of the reasons given in footnote 6 above.
8 Hotels and m o tels; laundries and other personal s e rv ic e s ; business serv ice s; automobile repair, rental, and parking; motion pictures; nonprofit m em bership organizations (excluding
religious and charitable organizations); and engineering and architectural se rv ice s.
A lm ost three-fou rths of the w orkers within scope of the survey in the Burlington
area w ere employed in manufacturing firm s . The following presents the m ajor industry
groups and specific industries as a percent of all manufacturing:
Industry groups
Specific industries
E lectrica l equipment and
supplies________
- - - - - - — 49
Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s ___
34
Printing and publishing______
5
Electronic components and
acc esso ries __
------ _ _ _ .— 49
Guns, how itzers, and
m ortars___________ __________— 34
This information is based on estim ates of total employment derived from universe
m aterials com piled prior to actual survey.
Proportions in various industry divisions m ay
differ from proportions based on the results of the survey as shown in table 1 above.
5
A .
O c c u p a t i o n a l
Table A-1.
e a r n i n g s
Office occupations—men and women
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B u r lin g to n , V t ., M a r c h 1971)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—
t
Average
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
t
70
(
75
i
80
t
85
s
90
s
95
s
100
t
105
i
110
i
115
s
1 20
t
125
$
1 30
*
1 35
t
Middle range 2
(standard)
75
80
85
90
95
1 00
2
1
1
105
110
115
120
125
1 30
1 35
1 40
1
-
3
l
*
$
$
*
$
1<*0
150
160
1 70
180
190
-
—
-
—
—
—
and
150
160
170
1 80
1 90
2 00
over
1
1
1
1
-
1
-
26
13
25
1
12
and
under
200
MEN
ME SS EN GE RS (0EFICE BOYS) ---------
$
$
9 3 .0 0
8 5 .0 0 -1 0 0 .0 0
$
WOMEN
BO OK KE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS,
CLASS B ------------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------
12
10
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
9 6 .5 0
9 5 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
8 8 .0 0 -1 0 9 .0 0
8 9 .0 0 -1 0 6 .0 0
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
27
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
1 2 1 .5 0
1 1 9 .5 0
1 1 9 .0 0
1 1 8 .0 0
1 1 6 .0 0 -1 3 0 .0 0
1 1 5 .5 0 -1 2 0 .5 0
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B
NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG --------
78
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
9 7 .0 0
9 3 .5 0
9 4 .0 0
8 8 .0 0
8 1 .5 0 -1 1 2 .5 0
8 1 .0 0 -1 1 0 .5 0
CLERKS, PAYROLL MA NUFACTURING
12
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
1 2 4 .0 0
1 1 7 .0 0
1 2 2 .5 0
1 2 0 .0 0
1 0 6 .0 0 -1 4 2 .0 0
1 0 5 .0 0 -1 3 7 .5 0
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
9 7 .5 0
9 2 .5 0
9 6 .0 0
9 2 .0 0
II
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
1 3 9 .5 0
1 4 2 .5 0
1 2 5 .0 0
1 3 7 .5 0
1 3 3 .0 0
1 3 6 .0 0
1 2 4 .0 0
1 4 1 .5 0
1 2 3 .0 0 1 2 5 .5 0 1 0 7 .0 0 1 2 2 .5 0 -
SECRETARIES, CLASS A --------------
9
3 9 .0
1 5 2 .5 0
1 3 5 .0 0
1 2 2 .5 0 -1 9 7 .5 0
2
SECRETARIES, CLASS B -------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
38
16
3 9 .0
3 8 .0
1 5 5 .0 0
1 2 4 .5 0
1 6 4 .0 0
1 2 7 .5 0
1 2 7 .0 0 1 0 7 .0 0 -
1
1
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ----
12
3 9 .5
1 0 8 .0 0
1 0 7 .5 0
SWITCHBOARD OP ER AT OR-RECEPTIONISTS-
9
3 9 .5
8 7 .5 0
8 7 .5 0
8 2 .5 0 -
TYFISTS, CLASS A ---------------------
42
3 9 .5
1 1 7 .5 0
1 1 7 .5 0
1 1 4 .0 0 -
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 0 1 .0 0
1 0 2 .5 0
9 5 .0 0
9 1 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 -
22
68
7
SECRETARIES ---------MANUFA CT UR IN G ----NO NM ANUFACTURING PUBLIC UTILITIES
TYPISTS, CLASS B
MANUFACTURING
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le s
38
27
200
169
31
100 .0 0
8 4 .5 0 -1 1 3 .0 0
7 9 .5 0 -1 0 5 .0 0
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
15
15
1 0 6 .5 0 -1 4 0 .0 0
KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A
KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
1
1
15
15
7
7
3
3
2
2
5
5
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
8
8
2
2
2
1
7
7
1 5 7 .0 0
1 5 8 .5 0
1 4 2 .5 0
1 6 0 .0 0
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
16
13
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
2
2
7
-
4
13
13
3
2
1
-
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
-
3
2
4
-
1
1
6
1
6
1
25
18
5
5
7
3
1 8 7 .0 0
1 4 3 .0 0
2
1
9 6 .0 0 -1 1 9 .0 0
3
1 2 2 .0 0
2
1
4
2
1
1
2
1
1
l
2
1
-
1
-
2
1
1
1
4
4
9 7 .5 0
1 1 5 .0 0
1 1 7 .5 0
-
3
1
-
11
10
1
1
1
-
-
2
6
4
4
3
T ab le A -2 .
Professional and technical occupations—men
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d i v is i o n , B u r lin g t o n , V t. , M a r c h 197 1)
T ab le A -3 .
Office, professional, and technical occupations—men and women combined
(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area b asis by industry d ivision , Burlington, Vt., M arch 1971)
Average
Occupa t i o n a n d industry division
O F F IC E
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
Weekly
OCCUPATIONS
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
C L A S S B ---------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------
O c cupation a n d industry division
OFFICE
OCCUPATIONS -
Number
of
workers
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
CONTINUED
OFFICE
39.5
40.0
38.0
39.5
139.50
142.50
125.00
137.50
A ---------------
9
39.0
152.50
C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S B --------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------
14
8
39.0
38.0
141.00
129.50
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S B --------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------
38
16
39.0
38.0
155.00
124.50
COMPUTER PRDGRAMERS,
B U S I N E S S , C L A S S B --------------------------------------------
10
39.0
170.00
COMPUTER PROGRAMERS,
B U S I N E S S , C L A S S C --------------------------------------------
7
39.0
159.50
D R A F T S M E N , C L A S S B -------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------------------------------
27
27
40.0
40.0
162.50
162.50
22
121.50
119.50
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING,
NONMANUFACTURING
C L A S S B ---------------------------
82
69
38.5
38.0
99.00
94.00
C L E R K S , P A Y R O L L ------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------
15
9
6
39.0
39.0
39.5
124.50
123.50
126.50
SWITCHBOARD
OPERATORS,
B -----
12
39.5
108.00
KEYPUNCH
19
39.5
118.50
SWITCHBOARD
OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTS-
9
39.5
87.50
See fo o t n o t e at en d o f t a b le s
38
27
38.5
38.0
97.50
92.50
$
101.00
102.50
200
169
31
11
38.5
38.5
B
39.5
40.0
S E C R E T A R I E S -----------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------
27
CLASS
ii
6
- CONTINUED
$
93.00
C L E R K S , A C C O U N T I N G , C L A S S A --------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS,
NONMANUFACTURING
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
39.0
BOYS
39.0
39.0
A
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
7
(OFFICE
12
10
CLASS
OCCUPATIONS
Number
of
woikers
AND GIRLS)-
MESSENGERS
$
96.50
95.50
OPERATORS,
Average
Occupation and industry division
SECRETARIES,
TYPISTS,
CLASS
CLASS
A
CLASS
42
39.5
117.50
T Y P I S T S , C L A S S B ----------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS
7
T a b le A -4 .
M a in t e n a n c e and p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s
(Average straigh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Burlington, Vt., M arch 1971)
See footnotes at end o f tables.
8
T a b le A -5 .
C u s t o d ia l a nd m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s
(A verage straigh t-tim e h ou rly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area b asis by industry d ivision , Burlington, Vt., M arch 1971)
N u m b e r of w o r k e r s receiving s traight-time hourly earnings of—
Hourly earnings3
$
Number
1 .6 0
Sex, occupation, and industry division
workers
M ean 2
M edian2
Middle range 2
s
s
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
*
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 . 50 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3. 10 3. 20 3 .3 0 3 . 40 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0
$
%
and
under
1 .7 0 1 .80
1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2. 40 2 .5 0 2 . 60 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0 3 . 60 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0
MEN
$
$
$
$
GU AR DS AND WATC HM EN ----------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------------------
40
39
3 .1 3
3 . 14
3 .0 8
3 .0 8
3 .0 3 - 3 .43
3 .0 3 - 3.43
“
JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEA NE RS --NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
157
126
2 .1 5
2 .0 4
2 .0 6
2 .0 2
1 .8 9 - 2 .4 5
1 .8 6 - 2 .21
2
2
13
13
27
27
LABORERS, MA TERIAL HAND LI NG -------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
17
13
2 .4 9
2 .4 1
2 .5 9
2 .4 9
2 .0 8 - 2 .8 5
2 .0 5 - 2 .7 5
2
2
-
-
PACKERS, SHIPPING -------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G ---------------------
27
27
2 .7 6
2 .7 6
3 .0 2
3 .0 2
2 .3 8 - 3 .0 7
2 .3 8 - 3 .07
-
-
RE CEIVING CLERKS --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
13
9
2 .8 3
2 .6 9
2 .9 9
2 .5 9
2 .1 5 - 3 .3 5
2 .1 5 - 3 .1 5
-
SHIPPING CLERKS ---------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G ---------------------
12
10
3 .0 7
3 .2 1
3 .2 8
3 .3 2
2 .4 6 - 3 .3 9
2 .9 5 - 3 .4 5
_
6
3 .5 9
3 .6 5
2 .9 5 - 4 .2 6
-
-
-
31
19
12
2 .9 3
2 .9 9
2 .8 2
3 .0 2
3 .0 4
2 .9 0
2. 6 8 -
3 .1 9
2 .7 5 - 3 .2 9
2 .4 5 - 3 .0 9
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
~
-
_
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS ----TRUCKDRIVERS ------------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------TRUCKORIVERS, LIGHT (UNDER
1-1/2 TONS) ----------------------MA NU FACTURING ---------------------
9
7
2 .7 5
2 .9 0
3 .0 3
3 .0 5
2 .3 5 - 3 .0 9
2 .6 9 - 3 .0 9
TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM (1-1/2 TO
AND INCLUDING 4 TONS) ----------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
12
10
2 .9 8
2 .9 4
3 .0 5
3 .0 4
2 .7 3 - 3 .2 5
2 .6 9 - 3 .2 0
See fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le s .
- -
-
-
15
15
_
-
*
-
-
-
~
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
“
1
3
3
5
5
3
2
3
3
i
_
i
i
i
i
i
i
2
2
2
1
4
i
i
-
-
i
i
i
i
-
-
2
-
-
~
1
2
2
2
2
_
1
1
-
1
-
2
-
1
“
2
1
1
4
-
_
i
i
5
4
-
“
-
12
11
-
_
~
4
4
1
1
~
~
_
3
-
2
2
2
_
39
33
3
3
*
_
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
4
-
2
2
i
i
_
_
i
~
i
i
~
_
_
“
~
_
_
2
2
i
i
-
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
1
_
2
2
“
1
1
-
2
1
-
1
1
1
-
1
1
2
3
~
-
1
-
-
-
-
9
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
"
*
"
1
1
_
_
2
-
_
4
4
-
-
-
3
1
2
-
-
5
4
-
~
-
-
“
“
“
1
1
1
1
-
-
_
“
-
1
~
1
1
-
1
-
2
3
3
_
_
_
'
"
_
_
_
"
_
-
-
2
4
i
1
1
-
-
l
-
_
-
1
1
-
2
2
5
5
-
1
1
1
5
5
-
“
3
2
2
2
-
15
15
-
1
1
-
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
~
1
-
”
23
1
21
21
_
_
1
2
2
"
_
"
_
_
_
"
_
_
9
B.
Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions
T a b l e B-1.
M i n i m u m e n tr a n c e s a la r ie s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s
(Distribution of establishments studied in all industries a n d in industry divisions by m i n i m u m entrance salary for selected categories
of inexperienced w o m e n office w o r k e r s , Burlington, Vt., M a r c h 1971)
Inexperienced typists
Manufacturing
Minimum weekly straight-tim e s a la r y 4
Other inexperienced c le r ic a l w orkers 5
Nonmanufacturing
Based on standard weekly h o u rs6 of-—
All
industries
All
schedules
Manufacturing
40
All
schedules
40
Nonmanufacturing
Based on standard veekly hours 6 of—
All
industries
All
schedules
All
schedule s
40
Establishm ents studied_________________________________
50
17
XXX
33
XXX
50
17
XXX
Establishm ents having a sp ecified minimum_______________
40
33
8
4
3
4
2
12
4
3
8
5
72.50_________________________________
75.00-__ ______________ ____________
77.50-------------------------------------------------80.00_________ ________ ____________
82.50-------------------------------------------------85.00_________________________ _____
87.50_____________________________ _
90.00________________________________
92.50-------------------------------------------------95.00___________________ ___________
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
1
_
1
_
1
1
1
_
2
_
1
-
i
_
_
_
i
_
-
.
_
i
_
_
_
_
i
i
2
_
_
_
2
i
_
_
_
-
_
_
i
_
_
_
i
_
i
i
3
_
2
_
2
1
_
_
_
-
3
_
3
2
1
i
_
i
i
-
-
Establishm ents having no sp ecified m in im um _____________
6
3
XXX
3
XXX
24
10
XXX
14
XXX
Establishm ents which did not em ploy w ork ers
in this category____________________________________________
36
10
XXX
26
XXX
14
3
XXX
11
XXX
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
70.00
72.50
75.00
77.50
80.00
82.50
85.00
87.50
90.00
92.50
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
See footnotes at end of tables.
T a b le
B -2 .
S h ift d iffe re n tia ls
(L a te -s h ift pay p ro vision s for m anufacturing plant w orkers by type and amount of pay differen tial,
B urlington, V t ., M a rch 1971)
(A ll plant w orkers in manufacturing = 100 percent)
P ercen t of m anufacturing plant w ork ers—
L a te -s h ift pay provision
In establishm en ts having provision s 7
for late shifts
A ctu ally working on late shifts
Second shift
Third or other
shift
Second shift
Third or other
shift
T otal---------------- -----------------------------------------------------
9 1 .7
80.5
15.9
No pay d ifferential for work on late s h ift----------
3.0
_
1.3
Pay d ifferential for work on late s h ift----------------
8 8.7
80.5
14.5
3.5
11.7
4 .2
1.0
.5
cen ts-------------- ------------------- — ---------------cents_______________________________ —
cen ts---------------- -----------------------------------cen ts____________________________________
6.1
2.9
1.7
.9
.4
.6
"
(8 )
-
4 .2
-
U n iform p e rcen ta g e---------------------------------------
77.0
76.3
13.5
3.0
.5
2.3
74.1
.5
30.5
4 3 .0
2.3
.1
.3
13.1
-
-
3.5
_
Type and amount of differential:
U niform cents (per h o u r)----------------------------10
15
20
25
7 p e r c e n t__________________________________
7 V2 p e r c e n t-----------------------------------------------10 percent_________________________________
I 2 V2 p e r c e n t ------------- ----------------------------15 percent_________________________________
-
'
See footnotes at end of ta b le s.
.5
2.0
1.0
11
T a b le
B -3 .
S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u rs
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours of firs t-s h ift w orkers, Burlington, V t., M arch 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Weekly hours
A ll industries
A ll w o r k e r s _____________________
Manufactur ing
100
100
3
4
1
87
2
2
3
3
92
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
100
100
100
1
12
8
79
2
77
23
1
1
4
1
98
Public utilities
100
67
33
1 2
T a b le
B -4 .
P a id
h o lid a y s
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Burlington, V t., M arch 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Item
A ll industries
A ll w orkers____________________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid h o lida ys___ ________ _________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid holidays _________________________________
Manufacturing
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
100
100
100
100
100
2
-
-
-
-
4
14
7
25
3
6
33
5
1
6
2
32
4
8
48
3
2
1
1
37
57
-
_
-
-
59
18
(9 )
4
2
5
(9 )
34
32
17
6
1
6
40
46
48
73
79
94
95
95
97
98
48
56
60
92
94
100
100
100
100
100
18
77
77
77
77
77
77
100
100
100
100
100
Number of days
L e ss than 6 holid a ys______________________________
6 holidays
— _________________________________
7 h olidays___________________________________________
8 holidays ------------------------------------------- -------------------8 holidays plus 1 half day_________________________
9 h olidays___________________________________________
10 holidays___ _____________________________________
11 holidays__________________________________________
12 holidays__________________________________________
23
-
9
67
23
Total holiday tim e 10
12 days______________________________________________
11 days or m ore____________________________________
10 days or m ore _________________________ ____ - ---------- --------— - --- - --- -9 days or m ore 8V2 days or m o r e . ------------------------------------------------8 days or m ore ____________________________________
7 days or m ore _ _ ---- ------ ---------------- ---------- --------6 days or m o r e ---- -------- -------------- ------------------5 days or m ore
------------------ _ _ --------------------4 days or m o r e --------- _ ------------------------------------------3 days or m o r e _____________________________________
1 day or m ore ______________________________________
See footnotes at end of tables.
6
23
55
89
89
94
96
99
99
99
100
100
57
94
94
95
97
100
100
100
100
100
23
91
91
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
13
T a b le
B -5 .
P a id v a c a tio n s
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provision s, Burlington, V t., M arch 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Vacation policy
A ll industries
All w orkers-------------------------------------------------------
Manufacturing
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
97
3
100
96
4
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
3
34
2
5
3
45
-
1
52
9
7
_
57
-
-
9
10
59
4
19
67
47
3
47
3
42
3
51
4
23
77
-
8
(9)
92
-
5
95
*
9
3
81
4
3
8
2
84
3
4
_
2
(9)
97
(9)
-
3
1
96
1
4
88
3
3
1
1
2
91
3
4
-
(9)
(9)
99
(9)
(9)
1
99
-
-
-
-
-
-
(9)
-
-
-
-
-
2
91
3
3
1
2
92
3
4
-
-
Method of payment
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations-------------------------------------------------------L en gth -of-tim e paym ent---------------------------------O th er_____________________________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations--------------------------------------------------Amount of vacation pay 11
After 6 months of service
Under 1 week_______________________________________
1 week_______________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks -----------------------------------2 w eek s----------------------------------------------------------------------
(9)
After 1 year of service
1 week_________________ ____________ ______________
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s------------------------------------2 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------- — —
3 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------- — —
100
-
After 2 years of service
1 week_______________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s------------------------------------2 w eek s_____________________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________________________
3 w eek s_____________________________ ______________
-
100
-
-
-
-
100
-
After 3 years of service
1 week_______________ _______________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s------------- --------------------2 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s------------------------------------3 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w eek s-------------------------------------
-
100
-
-
100
-
After 4 years of service
1 week_______________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks _______________________
2 w eek s_____________________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 w eek s------------------------------------3 w eek s_____________________________________________
Over 3 and under 4 w eeks-------------------------------------
100
-
0
n
99
(9)
1
99
-
-
-
-
(9)
-
.
(9)
(9)
67
(9)
32
(9)
(9)
42
57
"
-
100
“
After 5 years of service
1 week_______________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s------------------------------------2 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eeks------------------------------------3 w eek s--------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w eek s------------------------------------See footnotes at end of tables.
_
_
1
58
3
36
1
1
45
3
51
~
100
■
-
-
100
-
14
T a b le
B -5 .
P a id
v a c a t i o n s ----- C o n t i n u e d
(Percent distribution of plant and office workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Burlington, V t., M arch 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Vacation policy
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
6
5
86
3
~
-
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
(9)
3
2
95
(’ )
(9)
1
4
95
'
100
(9)
3
1
96
(9)
(9)
1
2
97
Amount of vacation pay 11---- Continued
After 10 years of service
1 week— -----------------------------------------------------------------2 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s------------------------------------3 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w eeks------------------------------------4 w eek s_____________________________________________
_
14
4
77
3
1
100
-
"
After 12 years of service
1 week_______________________________________________
2 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________________________
3 w eek s_____________________________________________
Over 3 and under 4 w eek s------------------------------------4 w eek s----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
14
2
79
3
1
6
2
89
3
-
100
-
100
“
After 15 years of service
1 week_______________________________________________
2 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s______________________—
3 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w eek s________________________
4 w eek s_____________________________________________
_
1
20
6
74
-
(9)
12
2
86
81
19
-
-
90
10
( 9)
2
(9)
38
1
59
1
14
6
79
100
(9)
2
(9)
4
1
93
(9)
4
2
93
100
11
1
11
5
33
38
1
12
6
36
45
41
59
(9)
2
(9)
3
1
55
39
(9)
"
4
2
38
56
33
67
_
-
1
12
6
6
75
18
82
(9)
2
(9)
3
1
35
59
(9)
4
2
4
91
-
11
1
11
5
11
61
11
1
27
5
55
-
,
After 20 years of service
1 week_______________________________________________
2 w eek s------ ----------------------------------- -----------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________________________
3 w eek s______________________________________________
Over 3 and under 4 w eek s------------------------------------4 w eek s______________________________________________
.
11
1
12
5
70
-
After 25 years of service
1 week------------------------------------------------------------------------2 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________________________
3 w eek s_____________________________________________
Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s._______________________
4 w eek s_____________________________________________
5 w eek s______________________________________________
_
Maximum vacation available*
1 week_______________________________________________
2 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w eek s________________________
3 w eek s---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w eek s________________________
4 w eek s__________________________________ ___________
5 w eek s----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Estim ates of provisions for 30 years of service are identical.
See footnotes at end of tables.
23
77
15
T a b le
B -6 .
H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s io n
p la n s
(Percent of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing
health, insurance, or pension benefits, Burlington, V t., M arch 1971)
Plant workers
Type of benefit and
financing 12
A ll w orkers______
___________________________
A ll industries
Manufacturing
100
100
Office workers
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
100
100
100
100
W orkers in establishm ents providing at
95
100
100
99
100
100
94
75
100
89
100
59
99
70
99
93
100
67
50
38
39
77
59
54
37
47
39
91
67
Accidental death and dism em berm ent
Sickness and accident insurance or
88
100
100
88
99
100
51
37
57
49
32
32
50
33
45
41
28
28
39
45
92
91
100
95
100
95
99
95
100
97
1
1
98
63
100
96
100
96
100
96
100
96
Sick leave (full pay and no
18
75
82
5
100
92
100
92
94
87
91
85
100
91
100
91
100
91
100
91
94
63
100
100
99
71
99
71
96
71
99
72
2
1
98
67
Sick leave (partial pay or
9
93
75
93
75
88
71
87
71
4
2
84
56
See footnotes at end of tables.
9
-
100
100
16
Footnotes
A l l o f t h e s e s t a n d a r d f o o t n o t e s m a y n o t a p p ly t o th is b u ll e t in .
1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at
regular and/or premium rates), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.
2 The mean is computed for each job by totaling the earnings of all workers and dividing by the number of workers. The median designates
position— half of the employees surveyed receive more than the rate shown; half receive less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by
2 rates of pay; a fourth of the workers earn less than the lower of these rates and a fourth earn more than the higher rate.
3 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
4 These salaries relate to formally established minimum starting (hiring) regular straight-time salaries that are paid for standard
workweeks.
5 Excludes workers in subclerical jobs such as messenger or office girl.
6 Data are presented for all standard workweeks combined, and for the most common standard workweeks reported.
7 Includes all plant workers in establishments currently operating late shifts, and establishments whose formal provisions cover late
shifts, even though the establishments were not currently operating late shifts.
8 Less than 0.05 percent.
9 Less than 0.5 percent.
10 All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total
of 9 days includes those with 9 full days and no half days, 8 full days and 2 half days, 7 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions then
were cumulated.
11 Includes payments other than "length of tim e ," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, converted to an equivalent
time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. Periods of service were chosen arbitrarily
and do not necessarily reflect the individual provisions for progression. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years' service
include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. Estimates are cumulative. Thus, the proportion eligible for 3 weeks' pay or
more after 10 years includes those eligible for 3 weeks' pay or more after fewer years of service.
12 Estimates listed after type of benefit are for all plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer. "Noncontributory
plans" include only those plans financed entirely by the employer. Excluded are legally required plans, such as workmen's compensation, social
security, and railroad retirement.
13 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are
limited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick leave
allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded.
A p p e n d ix .
O c c u p a t io n a l D e s c r ip t io n s
The prim ary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate
occupations w orkers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishm ent to establishm ent and
from area to area.
This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content.
Because of this emphasis on
interestablishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the B ureau's job descriptions m ay differ significantly from those in use in
individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes.
In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field econom ists are instructed
to exclude working sup ervisors; apprentices; learn ers; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, p a rt-tim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers.
O F F IC E
C LER K , ACCOUNTING— Continued
B I L L E R , M AC H IN E
Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.
P repares statem ents, b ills , and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electro m atic typewriter.
May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other
clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b ille r s , machine, are
classified by type of m achine, as follow s:
C lass A . Under general supervision, p erform s accounting clerical operations which
require the application of experience and judgment, for example, clerically processing com
plicated or nonrepetitive accounting transactions, selecting among a substantial variety of
prescribed accounting codes and classification s, or tracing transactions through previous
accounting actions to determine source of discrepancies. May be assisted by one or m ore
class B accounting clerk s.
B ille r, machine (billing m achine). U ses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott
F ish er, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills
and invoices from cu stom ers' purchase ord ers, internally prepared ord ers, shipping m em o
randums, etc. U sually involves application of predeterm ined discounts and shipping charges,
and entry of n ecessary extensions, which m ay or m ay not be computed on the billing machine,
and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon copies of the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold
machine.
C lass B . Under close supervision, following detailed instructions and standardized pro
cedures, perform s one or m ore routine accounting clerica l operations, such as posting to
ledgers, card s, or worksheets where identification of item s and locations of postings are
clearly indicated; checking accuracy and com pleteness of standardized and repetitive records
or accounting documents; and coding documents using a few prescribed accounting codes.
B ille r, machine (bookkeeping m achine). U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott
F ish er, Remington Rand, etc ., which m ay or m ay not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare
cu sto m ers' b ills as part of the accounts receivable operation. G enerally involves the sim ulta
neous entry of figures on cu sto m ers' ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates
figures on a number of vertical columns and com putes, and usually prints automatically the
debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. W orks from uniform
and standard types of sales and credit slips.
C LER K , FILE
C lass A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter
file s , cla ssifies and indexes file m aterial such as correspondence, reports, technical docu
m ents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction
with the file s .
May lead a sm all group of lower level file clerks.
B OO KKEEPING-M ACH INE OPERATOR
C lass B . So rts, codes, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) head
ings or partly classified m aterial by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and
c ro s s -re fe re n c e aids. A s requested, locates clearly identified m aterial in files and forwards
m aterial.
May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files.
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E lliott F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs,
National Cash R egister, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business
transactions.
C lass C . P e rform s routine filing of m aterial that has already been classified or which
is easily classified in a sim ple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological,
or num erical). A s requested, locates readily available m aterial in files and forwards m a
terial; and m ay fill out withdrawal charge. P erform s simple clerical and manual tasks re
quired to maintain and service files.
C lass A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic
bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system
used. D eterm ines proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each
phase of the work.
May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records
by hand.
C lass B . Keeps a record of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of records usually
requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable,
payroll, cu stom ers' accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing described under b ille r,
m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. M ay check or a ssist
in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
CLER K , ORDER
CLER K , ACCOUNTING
P erform s one or m ore accounting clerical tasks such as posting to registers and ledgers;
reconciling bank accounts; verifying the internal consistency, com pleteness, and mathem atical
accuracy of accounting documents; assigning prescribed accounting distribution codes; examining
and verifying for clerical accuracy various types of rep orts, lis ts , calculations, posting, etc.;
or preparing sim ple or assisting in preparing m ore com plicated journal vouchers.
M ay work
in either a manual or automated accounting system .
The work requires a knowledge of clerica l methods and office practices and procedures
which relates to the clerical processing and recording of transactions and accounting information.
With experience, the worker typically becom es fam iliar with the bookkeeping and accounting term s
and procedures used in the assigned work, but is not required to have a knowledge of the form al
principles of bookkeeping and accounting.
N O TE:
Since the last survey in this area,
R eceives cu stom ers' orders for m aterial or merchandise by m ail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to cu stom ers; making out an order
sheet listing the item s to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of item s on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit
department to determine credit rating of custom er, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers,
follow up orders to see that they have been filled , keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original orders.
CLERK, P A Y R O L L
Computes wages of company em ployees and enters the n ecessary data on the payroll
sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production records; and
posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as w orker's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and
a ssist paym aster in making up and distributing pay envelopes.
M ay use a calculating machine.
the Bureau has discontinued collecting data for oilers and plum bers.
17
18
C OM PTO M ETER O PERATOR
SECRETARY— Continued
P rim ary duty is to operate a Com ptom eter to perform m athem atical computations. This
job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which m ay involve f r e
quent use of a Com ptom eter but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance of
other duties.
KEYPUNCH O PERATOR
Operates a keypunch machine to record
tabulating cards or on tape.
alphabetic
and/or num eric
a.
Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
fewer than 100 p e rson s; or
data on
C lass A . Work requires the application of experience and judgment in selecting p roce
dures to be followed and in searching for, interpreting, selecting, or coding item s to be
keypunched from a variety of source documents. On occasion m ay also perform som e routine
keypunch work.
May train inexperienced keypunch operators.
C lass B . Work is routine and repetitive. Under close supervision or following specific
procedures or instructions, works from various standardized source documents which have
been coded, and follows specified procedures which have been prescribed in detail and require
little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be recorded. R efers to supervisor
problem s arising from erroneous item s or codes or m issin g information.
MESSENGER (Office Boy or Girl)
P e rform s various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office m a
chines such as sealers or m a ile rs, opening and distributing m ail, and other m inor clerical work.
Exclude positions that require operation of a m otor vehicle as a significant duty.
SECRETARY
Assigned as personal secreta ry, norm ally to one individual. Maintains a close and highly
responsive relationship to the d a y-to-d a y work activities of the supervisor. W orks fairly inde
pendently receiving a minim um of detailed supervision and guidance. P erform s varied clerical
and secreta ria l duties, usually including m ost of the following: (a) Receives telephone c a lls,
personal c a lle rs, and incoming m a il, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries
to the proper persons; (b) establishes, m aintains, and revises the sup ervisor's file s ; (c) maintains
the sup ervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essages from super
visor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, m em orandum s, and reports prepared by others
for the sup ervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) perform s
stenographic and typing work.
May also perform other clerica l and secreta ria l tasks of comparable nature and difficulty.
The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization,
p rogram s, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor.
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "s e c r e t a r y " p o ssess the above ch aracteristics. Examples
of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follow s: (a) Positions which do not m eet
the "p e rso n a l" secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial
type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical,
or m anagerial persons; (d) secretary positions in which the duties are either substantially m ore
routine or substantially m ore com plex and responsible than those characterized in the definition;
and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore responsible technical, admin
istrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical duties which are not typical of secretarial work.
N O T E : The term "corp o rate o f f ic e r ," used in the level definitions following, refers to
those officials who have a significant corporate-w ide policymaking role with regard to m ajor
company activities. The title "v ic e p re s id e n t," though norm ally indicative of this role, does not
in all cases identify such positions. V ice presidents whose prim ary responsibility is to act p e r
sonally on individual cases or transactions (e .g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions;
administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be
"corpo rate o fficers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
C lass A
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
over 100 but fewer than 5 ,0 0 0 p e rson s; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 but fewer than 25, 000 p erson s; or
c.
Secretary to the head (im m ediately below the corporate officer level) of a m ajor
segment or subsidiary of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p erson s.
all,
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5, 000 person s; or
or verify
Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.
all,
C lass B
c. Secretary to the head (im m ediately below the officer level) over either a m ajor
corporate-w ide functional activity (e .g ., marketing, research, operations, industrial rela tions, etc.) or a m ajor geographic or organizational segment (e .g ., a regional headquarters;
a m ajor division) of a company that em ploys, in a ll, over 5 ,0 0 0 but fewer than 25 ,0 0 0
em ployees; or
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 p e rson s; or
e. Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e .g ., a middle
management supervisor of an organizational segment often involving as many as several
hundred persons) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 p erson s.
C lass C
a. Secretary to an executive or m anagerial person whose responsibility is not equivalent
to one of the specific level situations in the definition for class B, but whose subordinate staff
norm ally numbers at least several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational
segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some com panies, this level includes
a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or two; £ r
b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, fewer than 5, 000 p e rson s.
C lass D
a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., fewer than
about 25 or 30 persons); o r
b.
Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional em ployee, adm inistra
tive officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert.
(NO TE; Many companies assign
stenographers, rather than secretaries as described above, to this level of supervisory or
nonsupervisory w orker.)
STENOGRAPHER, G EN ER AL
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from one or m ore
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May
also type from written copy. May maintain file s , keep sim ple reco rd s, or perform other relatively
routine clerical tasks.
May operate from a stenographic pool.
Does not include transcribingmachine w ork. (See transcribing-m achine operators.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or m ore persons either in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain file s , keep reco rd s, etc.
OR
P erform s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsi
bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of
stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office
procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, po licies, procedures, file s,
workflow, etc.
U ses this knowledge in perform ing stenographic duties and responsible clerical
tasks such a s, maintaining followup file s ; assem bling m aterial for reports, m em orandum s, letters,
e tc.; composing sim ple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and
answering routine questions, etc.
Does not include transcribing-m achine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
C lass A . Operates a single- or
outgoing, intraplant or office calls.
com plex c a lls, such as conference,
doing routine work as described
multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
P erform s full telephone information service or handles
collect, o ve rseas, or sim ilar ca lls, either in addition to
for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-tim e
19
SWITCHBOARD OPERATO R — Continued
TABU LATIN G -M A CH IN E OPERATOR (E lectric Accounting Machine Operator)— Continued
assignm ent. ("F u ll" telephone information service occurs when the establishm ent has varied
functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e .g ., because
of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to
which extensions are appropriate for calls.)
C lass B . O perates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls.
May perform lim ited telephone information service . ("L im ite d " telephone information service
occurs if the functions of the establishm ent serviced are readily understandable for telephone
information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension numbers when
specific names are furnished, or if com plex calls are referred to another operator.)
C lass B . P erform s work according to established procedures and under specific in
structions. Assignm ents typically involve complete but routine and recurring reports or parts
of larger and m ore com plex reports. Operates m ore difficult tabulating or electrical a c
counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sim pler machines
used by class C operators. May be required to do som e wiring from diagram s. May train
new employees in basic machine operations.
C lass C . Under specific instructions, operates sim ple tabulating or electrical accounting
machines such as the so rter, interpreter, reproducing punch, collator, etc.
Assignm ents
typically involve portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs,
or repetitive operations. M ay perform sim ple wiring from diagram s, and do som e filing work.
SWITCHBOARD O PE R A TO R -R EC EP TIO N IST
TRANSCRIBING-M ACHINE O PE RA TO R, GEN ER AL
In addition to perform ing duties of operator on a single-position or m onitor-type switch
board, acts as receptionist and m ay also type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular
duties.
This typing or clerica l work m ay take the m ajor part of this w orker's tim e while at
switchboard.
P rim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from
transcribing-m achine records.
M ay also type from written copy and do simple clerical work.
W orkers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as
legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation
in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TA B U L ATIN G -M A C H IN E O PERATO R (E lectric Accounting Machine Operator)
TYPIST
O perates one or a variety of machines such as the tabulator, calculator, collator, inter
p re te r, sorter, reproducing punch, etc. Excluded from this definition are working supervisors.
A lso excluded are operators of electronic digital com puters, even though they m ay also operate
EA M equipment.
U ses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills
tions have been made by another person. M ay include typing of stencils, m ats, or
rials for use in duplicating p ro cesses. May do clerical work involving little special
as keeping sim ple reco rd s, filing records and rep orts, or sorting and distributing
after calcula
sim ilar m ate
training, such
incoming m ail.
Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.
C lass A . P erform s complete reporting and tabulating assignm ents including devising
difficult control panel wiring under general supervision. A ssignm ents typically involve a
variety of long and com plex reports which often are irregu lar or nonrecurring, requiring
som e planning of the nature and sequencing of operations, and the use of a variety of m achines.
Is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations or training lower level
operators in wiring from diagram s and in the operating sequences of long and com plex reports.
Does not include positions in which wiring responsibility is lim ited to selection and insertion
of prewired boards.
C lass A .
P erform s one or m ore of the following: Typing m aterial in final form when
it involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling,
syllabication, punctuation, e tc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language m ate
ria l; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity
and balance in spacing. May type routineform letters varying details to suit circum stances.
C lass B . P e rform s one or m ore of the following; Copy typing from rough or clear
drafts; routine typing of form s, insurance po licies, e tc.; and setting up sim ple standard
tabulations, or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced properly.
P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L
COM PUTER O PERATOR— Continued
C OM PUTER OPERATOR
M onitors and operates the control console of a digital computer to pro cess data according
to operating instructions, usually prepared by a program er. W ork includes m ost of the following:
Studies instructions to determine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required
item s (tape r e e ls, card s, etc.); switches n ecessary auxiliary equipment into circuit, and starts
and operates computer; m akes adjustments to computer to correct operating problem s and m eet
special conditions; reviews erro rs made during operation and determ ines cause or refers problem
to supervisor or program er; and maintains operating records. May test and a s s is t in correcting
program .
For wage study purposes,
computer operators are classified as follow s:
C lass A . Operates independently, or under only general direction, a computer running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: New program s are frequently tested and
introduced; scheduling requirements are of critical importance to m inim ize downtime; the
program s are of com plex design so that identification of erro r source often requires a working
knowledge of the total program , and alternate program s m ay not be available.
May give
direction and guidance to lower level operators.
C lass B . Operates independently, or under only general direction, a computer running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: M ost of the program s are established
production runs, typically run on a regularly recurring b a s is ; there is little or no testing
of new program s required; alternate program s are provided in case original program needs
m ajor change or cannot be corrected within a reasonable tim e. In common erro r situations,
diagnoses cause and takes corrective action. This usually involves applying previously pro
gramed corrective steps, or using standard correction techniques.
OR
Operates under direct supervision a computer running program s or segments of program s
with the characteristics described for class A . May a ssist a higher level operator by inde
pendently perform ing le ss difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing difficult tasks following
detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations perform ed.
C lass C . W orks on routine program s under close supervision.
Is expected to develop
working knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect problem s involved in
running routine program s. Usually has received som e form al training in computer operation.
May a s s is t higher level operator on com plex program s.
COM PUTER PR OGRAM ER. BUSINESS
Converts statements of business problem s, typically prepared by a system s analyst, into
a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the problem s by automatic data
processing equipment.
Working from charts or diagram s, the program er develops the precise
instructions which, when entered into the computer system in coded language, cause the manipu
lation of data to achieve desired results. Work involves m ost of the following: Applies knowledge
of computer capabilities, m athem atics, logic employed by com puters, and particular subject matter
involved to analyze charts and diagram s of the problem to be program ed.
Develops sequence
of program steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show order in which data w ill be processed;
converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to follow; tests and corrects program s;
prepares instructions for operating personnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters
program s to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains records of
program development and revisions. (NOTE; W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and pro
graming should be classified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determine their pay.)
Does not include employees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or program ers prim arily concerned with
scientific an d/or engineering problem s.
For wage study purposes, program ers are classified as follow s:
C lass A . W orks independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s which
require competence in all phases of programing concepts and practices. Working from dia
gram s and charts which identify the nature of desired resu lts, m ajor processing steps to be
accom plished, and the relationships between various steps of the problem solving routine;
plans the full range of programing actions needed to efficiently utilize the computer system
in achieving desired end products.
20
C OM PUTER PR O GR AM ER, BUSINESS— Continued
At this level, program ing is difficult because computer equipment m ust be organized to
produce several interrelated but diverse products from numerous and diverse data elem ents.
A wide variety and extensive number of internal processing actions m ust occur. This requires
such actions as development of common operations which can be reused, establishm ent of
linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when program requirem ents exceed
computer storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements
to form a highly integrated program .
May provide functional direction to lower level program ers who are assigned to a ssist.
C lass B . W orks independently or under only general direction on relatively simple
program s, or on sim ple segm ents of com plex program s. P rogram s (or segments) usually
pro cess information to produce data in two or three varied sequences or form ats. Reports
and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arraying, or making m inor additions to or
deletions from input data which are readily available. W hile numerous records m ay be
pro cessed , the data have been refined in prior actions so that the accuracy and sequencing
of data can be tested by using a few routine checks.
Typically, the program deals with
routine record-keeping type operations.
OR
W orks on com plex program s (as described for class A) under close direction of a higher
level program er or supervisor.
May a s s is t higher level program er by independently p e r
form ing le ss difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing m ore difficult tasks under fairly close
direction.
May guide or instruct lower level pro gram ers.
C lass C . Makes practical applications of program ing practices and concepts usually
learned in form al training cou rses. Assignm ents are designed to develop competence in the
application of standard procedures to routine problem s. R eceives close supervision on new
aspects of assignm ents; and work is reviewed t o ,v e r ify its accuracy and conformance with
required procedures.
COM PUTER SYSTEMS A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS
COM PUTER SYSTEMS A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS— Continued
maintaining accounts receivable in a retail establishm ent, or maintaining inventory accounts
in a manufacturing or wholesale establishm ent.) Confers with persons concerned to determine
the data processing problem s and advises sub ject-m atter personnel on the implications of the
data processing system s to be applied.
OR
W orks on a segment of a com plex data processing scheme or system , as described for
class A . W orks independently on routine assignm ents and receives instruction and guidance
on com plex assignm ents. W ork is reviewed for accuracy of judgment, compliance with in
structions, and to insure proper alinement with the overall system .
C lass C . W orks under im m ediate supervision, carrying out analyses as assigned, usually
of a single activity.
Assignm ents are designed to develop and expand practical experience
in the application of procedures and skills required for system s analysis work. For example,
m ay a ssist a higher level system s analyst by preparing the detailed specifications required
by program ers from information developed by the higher level analyst.
DRAFTSM AN
C lass A . Plans the graphic presentation of com plex item s having distinctive design
features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. W orks in close sup
port with the design originator, and m ay recom mend minor design changes. Analyzes the
effect of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of com
ponents and parts.
W orks with a minim um of supervisory assistance.
Completed work is
reviewed by design originator for consistency with prior engineering determinations. May
either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen.
C lass B . P erform s nonroutine and com plex drafting assignm ents that require the appli
cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used.
Duties typically in
volve such work a s: P repares working drawings of sub assem blies with irregular shapes,
multiple functions, and pre cise positional relationships between components; prepares archi
tectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall
sections, floor plans, and roof. U ses accepted form ulas and manuals in making n ecessary
computations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths,
s tr e s s e s , etc.
R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice from supervisor.
Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.
C lass C . P repares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction,
manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projections
(depicting three dim ensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of
components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources
and adjusts or transposes scale as required.
Suggested methods of approach, applicable
precedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions
are le s s complete when assignm ents recur.
W ork m ay be spot-checked during progress.
Analyzes business problem s to form ulate procedures for solving them by use of electronic
data processing equipment. Develops a complete description of all specifications needed to enable
program ers to prepare required digital computer program s. W ork involves m ost of the following:
Analyzes subject-m atter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and criteria required
to achieve satisfactory resu lts; specifies number and types of reco rd s, file s , and documents to
be used; outlines actions to be perform ed by personnel and com puters in sufficient detail for
presentation to management and for program ing (typically this involves preparation of work and
data flow ch arts); coordinates the development of test problem s and participates in trial runs of
new and revised sy stem s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m ore effective overall
operations. (NO TE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and program ing should be c la s
sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determine their pay.)
D R A FT SM A N -TR A C E R
Does not include em ployees p rim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or system s analysts prim arily concerned with
scientific or engineering problem s.
P repares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s.
during p ro gress.
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over
drawings and tracing with pen or pencil.
(Does not include tracing lim ited to plans prim arily
consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.)
A N D /O R
For wage study purposes,
system s analysts are classified as follow s:
C lass A . W orks independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s
involving a ll phases of system s analysis. Problem s are com plex because of diverse sources
of input data and m ultiple-u se requirem ents of output data. (F or exam ple, develops an inte
grated production scheduling, inventory control, cost analysis, and sales analysis record in
which every item of each type is automatically p rocessed through the full system of records
and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the computer.) Confers with persons con
cerned to determine the data processing problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on
the im plications of new or revised system s of data processing operations. M akes reco m
mendations, if needed, for approval of m ajor system s installations or changes and for
obtaining equipment.
May provide functional direction to lower level system s analysts who are assigned to
assist.
C lass B . Works independently or under only general direction on problem s that are
relatively uncomplicated to analyze, plan, program , and operate. P roblem s are of lim ited
complexity because sources of input data are homogeneous and the output data are closely
related.
(For exam ple, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank,
W ork is closely supervised
ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN
W orks on various types of electronic equipment or system s by perform ing one or m ore
of the following operations: Modifying, installing, repairing, and overhauling. These operations
require the perform ance of m ost or all of the following ta sk s: Assem blin g, testing, adjusting,
calibrating, tuning, and alining.
W ork is nonrepetitive and requires a knowledge of the theory and practice of electronics
pertaining to the use of general and specialized electronic test equipment; trouble analysis; and
the operation, relationship, and alinement of electronic sy stem s, subsystem s, and circuits having
a variety of component parts.
E lectronic equipment or system s worked on typically include one or m ore of the following:
Ground, veh icle, or airborne radio communications sy stem s, relay sy stem s, navigation aids;
airborne or ground radar sy stem s; radio and television transmitting or recording system s; e le c
tronic com puters; m is s ile and spacecraft guidance and control system s; industrial and m edical
m easuring, indicating, and controlling devices; etc.
(Exclude production assem b lers and te ste rs, craftsm en, draftsm en, design ers, engineers,
and repairm en of such standard electronic equipment as office m achines, radio and television
receiving sets.)
21
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (Registered)
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (Registered)— Continued
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edical direction to ill or
injured em ployees or other persons who becom e ill or suffer an accident on the p rem ises of a
factory or other establishm ent. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid
to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in
physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and ca rry
ing out program s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment,
or other activities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of all personnel.
M A IN T E N A N C E A N D P O W E R P L A N T
C AR PE N T ER , M AIN TENANCE
MACHINIST, M AINTENANCE
P e rfo rm s the carpentry duties n e cessary to construct and maintain in good repair building
woodwork and equipment such as bins, crib s, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs,
casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning
and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, m odels, or verbal instructions using a variety
of carp enter's handtools, portable power tools, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making
standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary
for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of m etal parts of mechanical
equipment operated in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Interpreting written
instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of m achinist's
handtools and precision measuring instrum ents; setting up and operating standard machine tools;
shaping of m etal parts to close toleran ces; making standard shop computations relating to dimen
sions of work, tooling, feed s, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of
the com m on m etals; selecting standard m aterials, parts, and equipment required for his work;
and fitting and assem bling parts into m echanical equipment.
In general, the m achinist's work
norm ally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
EL EC TR IC IA N , M AINTENANCE
P e rform s a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance,
or repair of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an
establishm ent.
W ork involves m ost of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety
of electrical equipment such as gen erators, tran sform ers, switchboards, con trollers, circuit
b reak ers, m otors, heating units, conduit sy stem s, or other transm ission equipment; working
from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in
the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements
of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician 's handtools and measuring
and testing instrum ents.
In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and m ay also supervise the operation of stationary engines and
equipment (m echanical or electrical) to supply the establishm ent in which employed with power,
heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning.
W ork involves; Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air co m p resso rs, generators, m otors, turbines, ventilating and re frig
erating equipment, steam boilers and b o ile r-fe d water pumps; making equipment rep airs; and
keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consumption. May also su
pervise these operations.
Head or chief engineers in establishm ents employing m ore than one
engineer are excluded.
FIREM AN, STATIONARY BOILER
F ire s stationary boilers to furnish the establishm ent in which employed with heat, power,
or steam . Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, or gas or oil burner;
and checks water and safety valves. M ay clean, oil, or a s s is t in repairing boilerroom equipment.
H EL PE R , M AINTENANCE TRADES
A s sists one or m ore w orkers in the skilled maintenance trades, by perform ing specific
or general duties of le s s e r skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with m aterials and tools;
cleaning working area, m achine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding m aterials or
tools; and perform ing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman.
The kind of work the
helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In som e trades the helper is con
fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working area s; and in
others he is perm itted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also perform ed by w orkers on a fu ll-tim e b a sis.
M AC H IN E -T O O L O PE RA TO R, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or m ore types of machine tools, such as jig b o rers,
cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or m illing m achines, in the construction of
m achine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fixtures, or dies. W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning
and perform ing difficult machining operations; processing item s requiring complicated setups or
a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instrum ents; selecting feeds,
speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making n ecessary adjustments during operation
to achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions.
May be required to recognize when tools need
dressin g, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils.
For
cross-in d u stry wage study purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom , in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
M ECHANIC, AUTOM OTIVE (Maintenance)
Repairs automobiles, bu ses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work in
volves m ost of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; d is
assem bling equipment and perform ing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, d r ills , or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or
defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various
assem b lies in the vehicle and making n ecessary adjustm ents; and alining w heels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
M ECHANIC, M AINTENANCE
Repairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishment. W ork involves m ost
of the following: Examining machines and m echanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
dismantling or partly dismantling machines and perform ing repairs that mainly involve the use
of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with item s obtained
from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the
machine to a machine shop for m ajor rep airs; preparing written specifications for m ajor repairs
or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making
all n ecessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. Excluded from this classification are w orkers whose prim ary duties
involve setting up or adjusting machines.
M ILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dism antles and installs machines or heavy
equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. W ork involves m ost of the following:
Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety
of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to str e s s e s , strength of
m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools,
equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power, transm ission
equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m illw right's work norm ally requires
a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a form al apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
PA IN TER , M AINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. W ork involves
the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applica
tions; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail
holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix co lo rs, o ils, white
lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the
maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
P IP E F IT T E R , M AINTENANCE
Installs or repairs w ater, steam , gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an
establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate
position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to
correct lengths with ch isel and ham m er or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading
pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or pow er-driven m achines; assem bling
22
PIPE F IT T E R , M AIN TENANCE— Continued
TO O L AND DIE MAKER
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to
p re ssu re s, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether fin
ished pipes m eet specifications.
In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. W orkers prim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation
or heating system s are excluded.
S H E E T -M E T A L WORKER, M AINTENANCE
F a bricates, in stalls, and maintains in good repair the sh eet-m etal equipment and fixtures
(such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lo ck e rs, tanks, ven tilators, chutes, ducts, m etal
roofing) of an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning and laying out all
types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other specifications; setting
up and operating all available types of sh e et-m etal working m achines; using a variety of handtools
in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sh eet-m etal articles
as required.
In general, the work of the maintenance sh eet-m etal worker requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
(Die m aker; jig m aker; tool m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker)
Constructs and repairs m achine-shop tools, gages, jig s, fixtures or dies for forgings,
punching, and other m etal-form in g work. W ork involves m ost of the following; Planning and
laying out of work from m od els, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
using a variety of tool and die m ak e r's handtools and precision measuring instrum ents; under
standing of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; setting up and operating of
machine tools and related equipment; making n ecessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feed s, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of m etal parts during fabrication
as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances;
fitting and assem bling of parts to p rescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selecting appropriate
m aterials, tools, and p ro c e sse s. In general, the tool and die m ak e r's work requires a rounded
training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
For cross-in d u stry wage study purposes,
shops are excluded from this classification.
tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing
C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T
GUARD AND W ATCHMAN
Guard. P erform s routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining
order, using arm s or force where necessary.
Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate
and check on identity of em ployees and other persons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property against fire ,
theft, and illegal entry.
JANITOR,
PO R TER, OR CLEANER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares m erchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming ship
ments of merchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping
procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c
ords of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and
keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for ship
ment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of
shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing merchandise or m aterials to proper departments; and maintaining neces
sary records and file s.
(S w e e p e r; ch a rw om a n ; ja n itr e s s )
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and w ashroom s, or
prem ises of an office, apartment house, or com m ercial or other establishm ent. Duties involve
a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing
chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures
or trim m ings; providing supplies and minor maintenance serv ice s; and cleaning lavatories, show
e r s, and restroom s. W orkers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
LABO R ER , M ATER IAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; w are
houseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment
whose duties involve one or m ore of the following: Loading and unloading various m aterials and
merchandise on or from freight ca rs, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving,
or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; and transporting m aterials or
merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m aterials, m erchandise,
equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight
depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishments and
cu sto m ers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers,
make minor mechanical rep airs, and keep truck in good working order. D riv er-sa le sm en and
over-th e-ro ad drivers are excluded.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment,
as follow s:
(T ra ctor-tra iler should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.)
ORDER FIL LE R
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored m erchandise in accord
ance with specifications on sales slip s, cu sto m ers' ord ers, or other instructions. M ay, inaddition
to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing ord ers, requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties.
Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under IV2 tons)
Truckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER,
POWER
PACK ER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con
tainers, the specific operations perform ed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of
units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of items in shipping containers and m ay involve one or m ore of the following: Knowl
edge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size
of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying
data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to
transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other
establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers aye classified by type of truck, as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
Available On RequestT h e f o l l o w i n g a r e a s a r e s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m i n i s t e r i n g the S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965.
a v a i l a b l e at n o c o s t w h i l e s u p p l i e s la s t f r o m any o f the B L S r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s show n on the in s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .
A b ilen e, Tex.
A laska
A l b a n y , Ga.
A le x a n d r ia , La.
A l p e n a , S ta n dish , and T a w a s C it y , M i c h .
A m arillo, Tex.
A n n A r b o r , M ic h .
A s h e v i l l e , N .C .
A t l a n t i c C i t y , N.J.
A u g u s t a , G a.—S .C .
A ustin, T ex.
B a k e r s f i e l d , C a lif .
Baton R o u ge , La.
B i l l i n g s , M o n t.
B i l o x i , G u l f p o r t , and P a s c a g o u l a , M i s s .
B r i d g e p o r t , N o r w a l k , and S t a m f o r d , Con n.
C h a r l e s t o n , S .C .
Cheyenne, Wyo.
C l a r k s v i l l e , T e r m . , and H o p k i n s v i l l e , K y.
C o lo r a d o Springs, C olo.
C o l u m b i a , S.C .
C o l u m b u s , Ga.—A la .
C r a n e , Ind.
D e c a t u r , 111.
D oth a n, A la .
Duluth—S u p e r i o r , M in n .—W i s .
D u r h a m , N .C .
E l P a so, Tex.
Eugene, O reg.
F a r g o —M o o r h e a d , N. Dak.—Min n.
F a y e t t e v i l l e , N .C .
F i t c h b u r g —L e o m i n s t e r , M a s s .
F o r t S m ith , A r k . —O k la .
F r e d e r i c k —H a g e r s t o w n , M d . - P a . - W . Va.
G r e a t F a l l s , M o n t.
G r e e n s b o r o —W i n s t o n S a l e m - H i g h P o i n t , N .C .
H arrisbu rg, Pa.
H a r t f o r d , Conn.
H u n t s v ille , A la .
C op ies of public re le a s e s
K n o x v i l l e , Term.
Laredo, Tex.
L a s V e g a s , Nev.
L e x i n g t o n , Ky.
L o w e r E a s t e r n S h o r e , Md.—Va.
L y n c h b u r g , Va.
M a c o n , G a.
M a d i s o n , W is .
M a r q u e t t e , E s c a n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r i e , M ic h
M eridian, M iss.
M i d d l e s e x , M o n m o u t h , O c e a n and S o m e r s e t
C o s . , N .J .
M o b i l e , A l a . , and P e n s a c o l a , F la .
M o n t g o m e r y , A la .
N a s h v i l l e , T e n n.
N e w L on don —G r o t o n —N o r w i c h , Conn.
N o r t h e a s t e r n M a in e
O g d e n , Utah
O r l a n d o , F la .
O x n a r d —V e n tu r a , C a lif .
P a n a m a C it y , F la .
P i n e B lu ff , A r k .
P o r t s m o u t h , N.H.—M a in e —M a s s .
P u e b lo , C olo.
R e n o , N ev.
S a c r a m e n t o , C a lif .
S a lin a , K a n s .
S a lin a s —M o n t e r e y , C a lif.
Santa B a r b a r a , C a lif .
S h r e v e p o r t , La.
S p r i n g f i e l d —C h i c o p e e —H o l y o k e , M a s s . —Conn.
S t o c k t o n , C a lif .
T a c o m a , W a sh .
T op ek a , Kans.
T u cson, A riz.
V a l d o s t a , Ga.
V a l l e j o —N a pa , C a lif .
W ich ita F a lls , Tex.
W il m in g t o n , D e l.—N .J .—M d.
T h e e le v e n t h annual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , c h i e f a c c o u n t a n t s , a t t o r n e y s , j o b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l ,
b u y e r s , c h e m i s t s , e n g i n e e r s , e n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s , d r a f t s m e n , and c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s .
O r d e r as B L S B u lle t in 1693, N a tio n a l
S u r v e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and C l e r i c a l P a y , June 1 9 7 0 , $ 1 . 0 0 a c o p y , f r o m th e S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s ,
U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r any o f it s r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s .
☆
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1971 432^69/45
are
A re a W a g e
S u rv e y s
A l i s t o f the l a t e s t a v a ila b le b u ll e t in s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y o f a r e a w a g e s tu d ie s in clu d in g m o r e l i m i t e d stu d ie s c o n d u c t e d at the
r e q u e s t o f the W a g e and H o u r D i v i s i o n o f the D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t . B u lle t in s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m the Su p e rin te n d e n t o f
D o c u m e n t s , U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 204 02 , o r f r o m any o f the B L S r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s show n on the in s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .
Area
A k r o n , O h i o , J u ly 1970____________________________________
A lb a ny—S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , M a r . 197 1 1________
A l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . , M a r . 1971_______________________
A lle n t o w n —B e t h l e h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N . J . , M a y 1970 L .
Atla nta, G a . , M a y 1970 1__________________________________
B a l t i m o r e , M d ., Aug. 1970 1_____________________________
B e a u m o n t r - P o r t A r t h u r - O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 ------B in g h a m to n , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ____________________________
B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1970___________________________
B o i s e C it y , Idaho, N o v. 1970 1 __________________________
B o s t o n , M a s s . , Aug. 1970 1 ______________________________
B u ff a lo , N . Y . , O ct . 1970 1 ___________ ____________________
B u r l i n g t o n , V t ., M a r . 197 1 1 -------------------------------------------C a nto n, O h i o , M a y 1970 1_________________________________
C h a r l e s t o n , W. V a . , M a r . 1971--------------------------------------C h a r l o t t e , N . C . , Jan. 197 1______________________________
C h a t ta n o o g a , T e n n . - G a . , Sept. 1970 1 __________________
C h i c a g o , 111., June 1970----------------------------------------------------C in c in n a t i, O h i o —K y.—I n d . , F e b . 197 1 1 ________________
C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , Sept. 1970 1------------------------------------------C o l u m b u s , O h i o , O ct . 1970 1_____________________________
D a l l a s , T e x . , O ct . 1970 1 _________________________________
D a v e n p o r t —R o c k Isla nd—M o l i n e , Iowa—111.,
F e b . 1971__________________________________________________
D a y to n , O h i o , D e c . 1970 1_________________________________
D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1970_________________________________
D e s M o i n e s , Iow a, M a y 1970 1 __________________________
D e t r o i t , M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 ________________________________
F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O ct . 1970 1 ___________________________
G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u ly 1970 1------------------------------------------G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________
H o u s t o n , T e x . , A p r . 1970_________________________________
I n d ia n a p o lis , Ind., O ct . 1970 1___________________________
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , Jan. 1971 1______________________________
J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1970 1 --------------------------------------K a n s a s C it y , M o . - K a n s . , Sept. 1970 1---------------------------L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N .H ., June 1970 1-----------L it tle R o ck —N o r t h L ittle R o c k , A r k . , J u ly 1970 1_____
L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A n a G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1970---------------------------------L o u i s v i l l e , Ky.—Ind., N o v. 1970____________ ____________
L u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 1971________________________________
M a n c h e s t e r , N .H ., J u ly 1970 1 __________________________
M e m p h i s , T e n n . - A r k . , N o v . 1970_______________________
M i a m i , F l a . , N o v. 1970 1 _________________________________
M id la n d and O d e s s a , T e x . , Jan. 1971__________________
M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , M a y 1970 1____________________________
M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M in n ., Jan. 197 1________________
B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e
1660-88,
1685-54,
1685-58,
1660-83,
1660-76,
1 6 8 5- 1 8,
1660-84,
1685-6,
1660-57,
1685-21,
1 6 85- 1 1,
1685-43,
1685-59,
1660-81,
1685-57,
1685-48,
1685-10,
1660-90,
1685-53,
1685-28,
1685-33,
1685-22,
30 c e n t s
35 c e n ts
30 c e n ts
35 ce n t s
50 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
30 c e n t s
30 ce n ts
30 ce n ts
35 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
35 ce n ts
35 c e n t s
30 ce n ts
30 ce n ts
35 c e n ts
60 c e n t s
45 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
40 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
1685-51,
1685-45,
1685-41,
1660-73,
1660-58,
1685-25,
1685-4,
1660-79,
1660-67,
1685-31,
1685-39,
1685-37,
1 6 8 5- 16,
1660-82,
1685-1,
30
40
35
35
35
35
35
30
35
40
35
35
45
35
35
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
cen ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
cents
c e n ts
1660-64,
1685-27,
1685-60,
1685-2,
1685-30,
1685-29,
1685-40,
1660-74,
1685-44,
45
30
30
35
30
40
30
50
40
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
cents
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
D ata on esta blish m en t p r a c tic e s and su p plem en tary w a g e provisions are also presented .
Area
M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e ig h t s , M i c h . , June 1970 1_____
N e w a r k and J e r s e y C it y , N . J . , Jan. 1971_______________
New H aven, C o n n ., Jan. 197 1____________________________
N ew O r l e a n s , L a . , Jan. 1971 1___________________________
N ew Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1_____________________________
N o r f o lk —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —
H a m p t o n , V a . , Jan. 197 1 1 ---------------------------------------------O k l a h o m a C it y , O k la ., J u ly 1970_________________________
O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , Sept. 1970 1 ________________________
P a t e r s o r r —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , June 1970 1__________
P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N . J . , N o v. 1970_______________________
P h o e n i x , A r i z . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 * ---------------------------------------------P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan. 1971 1---------------------------------------------P o r t l a n d , M a in e , N o v. 1970______________________________
P o r t l a n d , O r e g . - W a s h . , M a y 1970 1_____________________
P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t —W a r w i c k , R . I . - M a s s . ,
M a y 1 9 7 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------R a l e i g h , N . C . , Aug. 1 9 7 0 1________________________________
R i c h m o n d , V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1______________________________
R o c h e s t e r , N .Y . ( o f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s o n ly ),
A u g . 1970----------------------------------------------------------------------------R o c k f o r d , 111., M a y 1970 1 ________________________________
St. L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1970___________________________
Salt L a ke C it y , Utah, N o v. 1970 1________________________
San A n t o n io , T e x . , M a y 1970_____________________________
San B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r i o , C a l i f . ,
D e c . 1970 1--------------------------------------------------------------------------San D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v. 1970_____________________________
San F r a n c i s c o —O a kla nd , C a l i f . , O ct . 1970______________
San J o s e , C a l i f . , A u g . 1970_______________________________
Savannah, G a . , M a y 1970 1________________________________
S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 1970 1_________________________________
Sea ttle —E v e r e t t , W a s h ., Jan. 197 1 1_____________________
S io u x F a l l s , S. D a k., D e c . 1970 1________________________
South B e n d , Ind., M a r . 197 1______________________________
S p o kan e , W a s h . , June 1970 1 _____________________________
S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ________________________________
T a m p a - S t . P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , N o v . 1970________________
T o l e d o , O h io —M i c h . , F e b . 1970----------------------------------------T r e n t o n , N . J . , Sept. 1970 1 _______________________________
Utica—R o m e , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ____________________________
W a s h in g t o n , D . C . - M d . - V a . , A p r . 197 1--------------------------W a t e r b u r y , C o n n . , M a r . 19 7 1____________________________
W a t e r l o o , Iow a, N o v . 1970 1______________________________
W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1 ______________________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , M a y 1970 1 __________________________
Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 197 1______________________________________
Y o u n g s to w n —W a r r e n , O h i o , N o v. 1970__________________
B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e
1660-85,
1685-47,
1685-35,
1685-36,
1660-89,
35ce n ts
40 ce n ts
30ce n ts
40 ce n ts
75c e n ts
1685-46,
1685-5,
16 8 5- 14,
1660-87,
1685-34,
1660-70,
1685-49,
1 6 85- 19,
1660-77,
35c e n ts
30ce n ts
35ce n ts
45 c e n ts
50 c e n ts
35c e n ts
50ce n ts
30ce n ts
40 c e n t s
1660-72,
1685-12,
1660-65,
30 ce n ts
35c e n ts
40 ce n ts
1685-7,
1660-75,
1660-66,
1685-26,
1660-71,
30ce n ts
35c e n ts
40 ce n ts
35ce n ts
30 ce n ts
1685-42,
1685-20,
1685-23,
16 8 5-1 3,
1660-80,
1685-3,
1685-52,
1685-38,
1685-61,
1660-86,
1685-8,
1685- 17,
1660-56,
16 8 5- 15,
1685-9,
1685-56,
1685-55,
1685-32,
1660-69,
1660-78,
1685-50,
1685-24,
40 ce n ts
30ce n ts
40 ce n ts
30ce n ts
35ce n ts
35ce n ts
35ce n ts
35ce n ts
30ce n ts
35c e n ts
30 ce n ts
30ce n ts
30 ce n ts
35c e n ts
30c e n ts
40 c e n ts
30ce n ts
35c e n ts
35 ce n ts
35ce n ts
30ce n ts
30ce n ts
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
W A SHING TO N, D.C.
20212
O F F IC IA L BUSINESS
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