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A re a Wage S u rv e y
The Birmingham, Alabama, Metropolitan Area
April 1967
B u lle tin N o. 1 5 3 0 -6 3
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES
J 3
ALASKA
Area Wage Survey
The Birmingham, Alabama, Metropolitan Area
April 1967
Bulletin No. 1530-63
June 1967
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20 402 - Price 30 cents
Contents
Preface
Page
The B u reau of L abor S ta tistics p ro gram of annual
occupational w age su rv e y s in m etropolitan a reas is d e
signed to p rovide data on occupational earnin gs, and e s ta b
lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem entary wage p r o v isio n s. It
y ie ld s d eta iled data by se le c te d industry division s fo r each
of the a r e a s studied, fo r geographic r eg io n s, and fo r the
United S ta te s.
A m a jo r con sideration in the p r o g r a m is
the need fo r g re a te r in sigh t into (1) the m ovem ent of w ages
by occu p ation al c a te g o r y and sk ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c
ture and le v e l of w ages am ong a re as and industry d iv isio n s.
A t the end of each su rvey , an individual area b u l
letin p r e s e n ts su rv ey r e su lts for each area studied. A fte r
com p letion of a ll of the individual a rea bulletins fo r a round
of s u r v e y s , a tw o -p a r t su m m a ry bulletin is issu ed .
The
fir s t part b rin g s data fo r each of the m etropolitan a re a s
studied into one bu lletin .
The second part p rese n ts in fo r
m ation which has been p ro jec ted fr o m individual m e t r o
politan a re a data to r e la te to geographic regions and the
United S ta te s.
E ig h t y -s ix a r e a s cu rren tly are included in the
p r o g r a m . In form ation on occupational earnings is c o llec ted
annually in each a re a . Inform ation on establish m en t p r a c
tic e s and su p p lem e n ta ry wage p ro vision s is obtained b ie n
n ially in m o s t of the a r e a s .
This b u lletin p re se n ts resu lts of the su rv ey in
B irm in g h a m , A l a ., in A p r il 1967.
The Standard M e tr o
politan S ta tis tic a l A r e a , as defined by the Bureau of the
Budget through A p r il 1966, c o n sists of J efferso n County.
T h is study w as conducted by the B u re a u 's regional o ffice in
A tla n ta , G a ., B ru n sw ick A . Bagdon, D ir e c to r ; by J e r r y G.
A d a m s , under the d irection of J am es D. G arland.
The
study w as under the g e n e r a l direction of Donald M . C r u se ,
A s s is t a n t R egion al D ir e c to r for W ages a n d Industrial
R e la tio n s.
In tro d u ctio n _______________________________________________________________________
W age tren ds for selec ted occupational g r o u p s _____________________________
1
4
T a b le s:
1.
2.
A.
B.
E sta b lish m en ts and w o rk ers within scope of s u rv ey and
num ber stu d ie d _________________________________________________________
Indexes of standard w eek ly s a la r ie s and s tra ig h t-tim e
h ou rly earnin gs for se le c te d occupational g ro u p s, and
p erce n ts of change for s e le c te d p e rio d s___________________________
O ccupational e a r n in g s:*
A - 1. O ffice occupations—m en and w o m e n __________________________
A -2 .
P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occupations—m en and women....
A - 3 . O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and tech n ica l occupations—
m en and w om en c o m b in e d ____________________________________
A -4 .
M aintenance and pow erplant o cc u p a tio n s___________________
A - 5. C u stodial and m a te r ia l m ovem en t occu p ation s_____________
E stab lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem en tary wage p r o v is io n s :*
B -l.
M in im u m entrance s a la r ie s fo r w om en office w o r k e r s_
_
B - 2 . Shift d iffe re n tia ls________________________________________________
B - 3 . Scheduled w eek ly h o u rs_________________________________________
B - 4 . Paid h o lid a y s _____________________________________________________
B - 5 . Paid v a c a tio n s____________________________________________________
B - 6 . H ealth, in su ra n ce, and pension p la n s _______________________
B - 7 . Health in surance b en efits provided em p lo y ee s and
th eir dep en d en ts________________________________________________
B - 8 . P re m iu m pay for o v ertim e w o r k _____________________________
A p p e n d ix e s:
A . Change in occupational d e sc rip tio n : S e c r e ta r y ____________________
B . O ccupational d e sc rip tio n s ______________________________________________
areas.
* N O T E : S im ila r tabulations are availab le for other
(See inside back c o v e r .)
Union s c a le s , indicative of p rev ailin g pay le v e ls in
the B irm in gh a m a re a , are a lso availab le for building c on
stru ction ; printing; lo c a l-t r a n s it operating e m p lo y e e s; and
m otortru ck d r iv e r s , h e lp e r s , and a llied occupations.
4
6
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
20
21
22
23
25
Area W age Survey----The Birmingham, Ala., Metropolitan Area
Introduction
T h is a re a is 1 of 86 in which the U .S . D epartm en t of L a b o r 's
B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s conducts su rvey s of occu pation al earnings
and rela te d b en efits on an areaw ide b a s is .
In this a r e a , data w e re
obtained by p e rso n a l v is its of Bureau field e c o n o m ists to r e p r e
sen tative e s ta b lish m e n ts within six broad industry d iv isio n s: M an u
fa ctu rin g; tra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s;
w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l e sta te ; and
s e r v ic e s .
M a jo r in du stry groups excluded fro m these studies a re
govern m en t o p era tio n s and the con struction and ex tra ctiv e in d u strie s.
E s ta b lish m e n ts having few er than a p r e sc r ib e d num ber o f w o rk e rs a re
o m itte d , b eca u se they tend to furnish in su fficien t em p loym en t in the
occu pation s studied to w a rra n t in clu sion .
Separate tabulations are
provided fo r each o f the broad industry div isio n s which m ee t pub
lic a tio n c r it e r ia .
bon u ses and incentive earnings a re included.
W h ere w eek ly hours are
r e p o r te d , as for o ffic e c le r ic a l occu p ation s, r e fe r e n c e is to the stand
a rd w orkw eek (rounded to the n e a r e s t h alf hour) for which em p loyees
r e c e iv e their reg u lar stra ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu siv e o f pay for
o v e r tim e at reg u la r a n d /o r p rem iu m r a te s ).
A v e r a g e w eek ly earnings
fo r th ese occupations have been rounded to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r.
The a v e r a g e s p resen ted r e fle c t c o m p o s ite , areaw ide e s t i
m a te s .
In du stries and esta b lish m en ts d iffer in pay le v e l and job
staffin g and, th us, contribute d iffe re n tly to the e stim a te s for each job.
The pay rela tio n sh ip obtainable fr o m the a v e r a g e s m ay fa il to r e fle c t
a cc u r a te ly the w age spread or d iffe re n tia l m aintained am ong jobs in
individual esta b lish m e n ts.
S im ila r ly , d iffe re n c e s in average pay
le v e ls for m en and w om en in any o f the s e le c te d occupations should
not be a ssu m e d to r e fle c t d iffe re n ce s in pay treatm en t of the sex es
within individual e sta b lish m e n ts.
Other p o ssib le fa c to r s which m ay
contribute to d iffe re n c e s in pay for m en and w om en include: D iffe r
en ces in p r o g r e s s io n within esta b lish e d rate r a n g e s , since only the
actu al ra te s paid incum bents a re c o lle c te d ; and d iffe re n ce s in sp ecific
duties p e r fo r m e d , although the w o rk e rs a re a p p rop ria tely c la s s ifie d
w ithin the sa m e su rvey job d e sc rip tio n .
Job d escrip tion s used in
c la s s ify in g e m p lo y ee s in these su rv ey s a re u su ally m ore g en eralized
than those u sed in individual esta b lish m en ts and allow for m inor
d iffe re n c e s am on g esta b lish m en ts in the sp e c ific duties p e rfo rm ed .
T h ese su r v e y s a re conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecau se of
the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t involved in su rveyin g a ll esta b lish m e n ts.
To
obtain optim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t, a g reater proportion of
la rg e than o f s m a ll esta b lish m en ts is studied.
In com bin in g the data,
h o w ev er, a ll e sta b lish m e n ts a re given their appropriate w eight.
E s
tim a te s b a se d on the esta b lish m en ts studied are p re se n te d , th e r e fo r e ,
as rela tin g to a ll esta b lish m e n ts in the industry grouping and a r e a ,
excep t for those below the m in im u m size studied.
O ccu p ation s and E a rn in g s *
3
The occu p ation s se le c te d for study are c o m m o n to a v a riety
of m an u factu rin g and nonm anufacturing in d u stries, and a re o f the
fo llow in g typ es: (1) O ffic e c le r ic a l; (2) p r o fe ssio n a l and tech n ical;
(3) m ain ten an ce and pow erplant; and (4) custodial and m a te r ia l m o v e
m en t.
O ccu p ation al c la s s ific a tio n is b ased on a u n ifo rm set of job
d e s c rip tio n s d esign ed to take account of in te re sta b lish m e n t variatio n
in duties w ithin the sa m e jo b .
The occupations se le c te d for study
a re liste d and d e sc r ib e d in appendix B .
The earnings data follow in g
the job title s a re fo r a ll in d u stries com bined.
E arn in gs data fo r so m e
of the o ccu p ation s liste d and d e sc rib e d , or for som e industry d iv isio n s
w ithin o cc u p a tio n s, a re not presen ted in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s , b ecau se
eith er (1) e m p lo y m en t in the occupation is too s m a ll to provide enough
data to m e r it p r e se n ta tio n , or (2) there is p o ssib ility of d isc lo su r e
of individual e sta b lish m e n t data.
O ccu pation al em p loym en t e stim a te s r e p r e se n t the total in
a ll e sta b lish m en ts w ithin the scop e of the study and not the num ber
a ctu ally su rv ey ed .
B ec a u se of d iffe re n c e s in occupational structure
am on g e s ta b lish m e n ts, the e stim a te s of occu pation al em ploym ent o b
tained fr o m the sam p le of e sta b lish m en ts studied s e r v e only to indicate
the re la tiv e im portan ce of the jo b s studied.
T h ese d iffe re n ce s in
occu p ation al stru ctu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a ccu ra cy of the
earnin gs data.
E sta b lish m e n t P r a c tic e s and Supplem entary W age
In form ation is p resen ted (in the B - s e r i e s tables) on selected
e sta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem entary wage p ro vision s as they re
late to plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s .
A d m in is tr a tiv e , ex ecu tiv e, and pro
fe s s io n a l em p lo y ee s , and fo r c e -a c c o u n t con stru ction w o rk ers who a re
u tiliz ed as a sep arate w ork fo r c e a re excluded.
"P la n t w o r k e r s " in
clude w orking fo r e m e n and a ll n o n su p erv iso ry w o rk e rs (including le a d m e n and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice fu n ction s.
"O ffic e w o r k e r s "
O ccu p ation a l em p loy m en t and earnings data a re shown for
fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , those hired to w ork a reg u lar w eek ly schedule
in the given occu p ation al c la ssific a tio n .
Earnings data exclude p r e
m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and for w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid a y s, and
late s h ifts .
N onproduction bonuses a re exclu ded, but c o s t -o f -l iv i n g
P ro v isio n s
1
2
include w orking s u p e rv iso r s and n o n su p erv iso ry w o r k e r s p e rfo rm in g
c le r ic a l or rela te d fu n ction s.
C a feteria w o r k e r s and rou tem en a re
excluded in m an u factu rin g in d u strie s, but included in nonm anufacturing
in d u s trie s .
M in im u m entrance s a la r ie s for w om en o ffic e w o rk e rs (table
B - l ) rela te only to the e sta b lish m en ts v isite d .
They a re p resen ted in
term s of esta b lish m en ts with fo r m a l m in im u m entrance sa la r y policies.
Shift d iffe re n tia l data (table B -2 ) a re lim ite d to plant w o rk ers
in m anufacturing in d u strie s.
This in fo rm a tio n is presen ted both in
te r m s of (1) esta b lish m e n t p o lic y , 1 p resen ted in te r m s o f total plant
w orker em p loy m en t, and (2) effectiv e p r a c tic e , presen ted in te r m s of
w o rk ers a ctu ally em p loyed on the sp e c ified shift at the tim e of the
su rvey .
In esta b lish m en ts having v aried d iffe r e n tia ls, the am ount
applying to a m a jo r ity was used o r , if no am ount applied to a m a jo r ity ,
the c la s s ific a tio n " o t h e r " w as u sed .
In esta b lish m en ts in which som e
la te -s h ift hours a re paid at n o rm a l r a t e s , a d iffe re n tia l w as reco rd e d
only if it applied to a m a jo r ity of the shift h ou rs.
The scheduled w eek ly hours (table B -3 ) of a m a jo r ity of the
f i r s t -s h i f t w o rk e rs in an esta b lish m en t a re tabulated as applying to
a ll of the plant or office w o rk ers of that esta b lish m en t.
Scheduled
w eekly hours a re those which fu ll-tim e em p lo y ee s w ere expected to
w ork, whether they w ere paid for at str a ig h t-tim e or o v e rtim e r a te s .
Paid h olid ay s; paid vacation s; health , in su ra n c e, and pension
plans; and p rem iu m pay for o v ertim e w ork (tables B - 4 through B -8 )
are treated s ta tis tic a lly on the b a sis that these a re applicable to a ll
plant or office w o rk e rs if a m a jo r ity of such w o rk ers a re elig ib le or
m ay eventually qualify for the p ra ctic e s liste d .
Sums of individual
item s in tables B - 2 through B - 8 m ay not equal totals becau se of
rounding.
Data on paid holidays (table B -4 ) a re lim ited to data on h o li
days granted annually on a fo r m a l b a s is ; i. e. , (1) a re provided for
in w ritten fo r m , or (2) have been esta b lish e d by c u sto m .
H olidays
o rd in a rily granted a re included even though they m ay fa ll on a non
w orkday, even if the w o rk er is not granted another day o ff.
The fir s t
part of the paid holidays table p r ese n ts the num ber of whole and h alf
holidays a ctu ally granted.
The second part com b in es whole and half
holidays to show total holiday t im e .
The su m m a ry of vacation plans (table B -5 ) is lim ite d to f o r
m al p o lic ie s , excluding in fo rm a l a rra n g em en ts w h ereby tim e off with
pay is granted at the d isc r e tio n of the e m p lo y e r .
E stim a te s exclude
v a c a tio n -sa v in g s plans and those which o ffer "e x te n d e d " or "s a b b a t i
c a l " b en efits beyond b asic plans to w o r k e r s with qualifying lengths of
s e r v ic e .
T y p ical of such ex clu sio n s a re plans in the s t e e l, alu m in u m ,
and can in d u strie s.
Separate e stim a te s a re provided a cc o rd in g to
em p loyer p ra ctic e in com puting vacation p a y m e n ts, such as tim e pa y
m e n ts , p ercen t o f annual e a r n in g s, or fla t -s u m a m ou n ts. H ow ev er, in
1
An establishment was considered as having a policy if
conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in
late shifts.
the tabulations o f vacation pay, paym ents not on a tim e b a s is w e re c o n
verted to a tim e b a s is ; for e x a m p le , a paym ent o f 2 p ercen t of
annual earnings was con sidered as the equ ivalent o f 1 w e e k 's pay.
Data are presen ted for a ll h ealth , in su ra n c e , and pension
plans (tables B -6 and B -7 ) for which at le a s t a part of the c o st is
borne by the e m p lo y e r , excepting only le g a l re q u ire m e n ts such as
w o r k m e n 's com p en sation , s o c ia l s e c u r ity , and r a ilro a d r e tir e m e n t.
Such plans include those un derw ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ran ce
com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d ir e c tly by
the em p lo y er out of cu rren t operatin g funds or fr o m a fund s e t a sid e
for this purpose.
Selected health in su ra n ce b en efits provided e m
ployees and their dependents a re a ls o p r e se n te d .
Sickn ess and accident in su ran ce is lim ite d to that type of
insurance under which pred eterm in ed cash paym ents a re m ade d ir e c tly
to the in su red on a w eekly or m onthly b a s is during illn e s s or accid en t
d isa b ility .
Inform ation is p resen ted for a ll such plans to which the
em p loy er con trib u tes.
H ow ever, in New Y o rk and New J e r s e y , which
have enacted tem porary d isa b ility in su ra n ce laws which req u ire e m
ployer c o n tr ib u tio n s,2 plans a re included only if the em p lo y er (1) c o n
3
tributes m o re than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , or (2) p ro vid es the em p loy ee
with benefits which exceed the req u ire m e n ts o f the law.
Tabulations
of paid sick leave plans are lim ite d to fo r m a l plans 3 w hich provide
fu ll pay or a proportion of the w o r k e r 's pay during a b se n ce fr o m w ork
b ecau se of illn e s s .
Separate tabulations a re p rese n te d a cc o rd in g to
(1) plans which provide full pay and no w aiting p e rio d , and (2) plans
which provide either partial pay or a w aiting p erio d .
In addition
to the presen tation of the proportion s of w o r k e r s who a re provided
sic k n e ss and accident insurance or paid sic k le a v e , an unduplicated
total is shown of w o rk ers who r e c e iv e eith er or both types of b en efits.
Catastrophe in su ran ce, s o m e tim e s r e fe r r e d to as extended
m ed ic a l in su ra n ce, includes those plans which a re d esign ed to p ro te ct
em p lo y ee s in case of sick n ess and injury in volvin g ex p e n ses beyond
the n o rm a l coverage of h osp ita liza tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l plan s.
M e d ic a l insurance r e fe r s to plans providin g fo r c om p lete or p a rtia l
paym ent of d o c to r s' fe e s .
Such plans m ay be un derw ritten by c o m
m e r c ia l insurance com panies or n onprofit o rg an iza tio n s or they m ay
be s e lf-in s u r e d .
Tabulations of r e tir e m e n t pen sion plans a re lim ite d
to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem a in d e r of
the w o r k e r 's life.
Data on o vertim e prem iu m pay (table B - 8 ) , the hours a fter
which prem iu m pay is rec eiv ed and the c o rresp o n d in g rate of pay, a re
presen ted by daily and w eekly p r o v is io n s .
D a ily o v e rtim e r e fe r s to
w ork in e x c e ss of a sp e cified n u m ber of hours a day r e g a r d le s s of
the num ber o f hours w orked on other days o f the pay p e rio d .
W eek ly
o v e rtim e r e fe r s to w ork in e x c e s s o f a sp e c ifie d num ber o f hours
per w eek r e g a r d le ss of the day on w hich it is p e r fo r m e d , the num ber
of hours per day, or num ber o f days w orked .
2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer
it met either of the following
contributions.
formal provisions covering
3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the
if it (1) had operated late
minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee.
Such a plan need not be
written form for operating
written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.
3
T able
1.
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e of s u r v e y and n u m b e r s t u d ie d in B i r m i n g h a m ,
A l a . , 1 b y m a j o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , 2 A p r i l 1967
N u m ber of establishm ents
Industry d iv isio n
M inim um
em ploym ent
in e s t a b l i s h
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f st ud y
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
W i t h i n s c o p e o f st u d y
W i t h in s c o p e
of study3
St udi ed
T otal4
S t ud ie d
P la n t
Number
Percent
T otal4
48 4
156
109,600
100
75,300
16,900
71,110
50
-
182
302
51
105
59,700
4 9,900
54
46
4 6,500
28,800
5,400
11,500
40 , 260
30, 850
50
50
50
50
50
46
68
102
44
42
21
22
29
19
14
13, 700
6, 800
16,200
7, 500
5, 700
13
6
15
7
5
6, 700
4, 600
13,300
6 200
A l l d i v i s i o n s ____________________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and
o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 --------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ___________________________________
R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e _________
S e r v i c e s 7 ___________________________________________
O ffice
(8)
2,
1,
1,
5,
600
200
500
300
(8 )
11,320
2, 920
8, 690
5, 360
2, 560
1 T h e B i r m i n g h a m S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , as d e f i n e d b y the B u r e a u o f the B u d g e t t h r o u g h A p r i l 196 6, c o n s i s t s o f J e f f e r s o n C ou n t y .
T h e " w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e of st u d y"
e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in th is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n of the s i z e and c o m p o s i t i o n o f the l a b o r f o r c e i n c l u d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e not i n te n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e
a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t i n d e x e s f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1) pl a n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s the u s e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t data c o m p i l e d
c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , and (2) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d i t i o n o f the S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l and the 1963 S u p p l e m e n t w e r e u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n .
3 I n c l u d e s a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t ot al e m p l o y m e n t at or a b o v e the m i n i m u m li m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s as t r a d e , f i n a n c e , auto r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
and m o t i o n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d as 1 e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m the s e p a r a t e pl ant and o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s .
5 T a x i c a b s and s e r v i c e s i n c i d e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d . A n u m b e r of e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s ( s u p p l y i n g l e s s than h a lf the e l e c t r i c c o n s u m p t i o n in J e f f e r s o n County ) w e r e p u b l i c l y
o w n e d an d e x c l u d e d b y d e f i n i t i o n f r o m the s c o p e o f the study.
6 E s t i m a t e r e l a t e s to r e a l e s t a t e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o n l y . W o r k e r s f r o m the e n t i r e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in the S e r i e s A t a b l e s , but f r o m the r e a l e s t a t e p o r t i o n on l y in " a l l i n d u s t r y "
e s t i m a t e s in the S e r i e s B t a b l e s .
7 H o t e l s ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i l e r e p a i r s h o p s ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ( e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s and c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; and e n g i n e e r i n g
and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .
8 T h i s i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " and " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in the S e r i e s A t a b l e s , and f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in the S e r i e s B t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n
of d a t a f o r th is d i v i s i o n is not m a d e f o r one o r m o r e of the f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p l o y m e n t in the d i v i s i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h data to m e r i t s e p a r a t e st ud y, (2) the s a m p l e w a s not
d e s i g n e d i n i t i a l l y to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , (3) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , and (4) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e of i n d iv i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t data.
O v e r ha lf of the w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in the B i r m i n g h a m a r e a w e r e
e m p l o y e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g f i r m s .
T h e f o l l o w i n g ta b l e p r e s e n t s the m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s
and s p e c i f i c i n d u s t r i e s as a p e r c e n t o f all m a n u f a c t u r i n g :
Industry g roup s
S p ec ific in dustries
P r i m a r y m e t a l s __________________ 44
F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ____ 12
E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ___________ 10
F o o d p r o d u c t s ____________________
9
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t _____
5
Sto ne, c l a y , and g l a s s
p r o d u c t s -------------------------------------4
B la s tfu rn a ce s , steelworks,
and r o l l i n g and fi n i s h i n g
m i l l s ______________________________ 33
I r o n and s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ________ 10
C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u i p m e n t _____
8
F a b rica ted structural metal
p r o d u c t s _________________________
8
R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t ______________ 4
T h is i n f o r m a t i o n is b a s e d on e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e
m a t e r i a l s c o m p i l e d p r i o r to a c t u a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y
d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t i o n s b a s e d on the r e s u l t s o f the s u r v e y as s h o w n in ta bl e 1 a b o v e .
4
Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups
P r e se n te d in table 2 a re in dexes and p e rce n ta ge s of change
in a vera ge s a la r ie s of o ffic e c le r ic a l w o rk e rs and in d u stria l n u r s e s ,
and in a v era g e earnings of selec ted plant w o rk er g ro u p s. The indexes
are a m e a su re of w ages at a given tim e , e x p r e sse d as a percen t of
w ages during the b a se p erio d (date of the a re a su rvey conducted
between July I960 and June 1961).
Subtracting 100 fr o m the index
yields the percen tage change in w ages fr o m the b a se p erio d to the
date o f the index.
The p e rc e n ta g e s of change or in c r e a s e rela te to
wage changes betw een the indicated d a tes.
T h e se e stim a te s a re
m e a su re s o f change in a v era g e s fo r the a r e a ; they a re not intended
to m ea su re avera ge pay changes in the e sta b lish m en ts in the a r e a .
Method of Computing
in the occupational group. T h ese constant w eigh ts r e fle c t b a se y e a r
em p loym en ts w h erever p o s s ib le .
The a v e r a g e (m ean) earnin gs fo r
each occupation w ere m u ltip lied by the occu pation w eigh t, and the
produ cts fo r all occupations in the group w e r e totaled . The a g g re g a te s
fo r 2 con secutive y e a r s w ere rela te d
by
dividing
the
a gg re ga te fo r
the la te r y ea r by the a ggregate fo r the e a r lie r y e a r .
The resu ltan t
r e la tiv e , le s s 100 p ercen t, shows the p e rc e n ta g e change. The in dex
is the product of m ultiplying the b a se y e a r re la tiv e (100) by the r e la tiv e
fo r the next succeeding y ear and continuing to m u ltip ly (com pound)
each y e a r 's rela tiv e by the p rev iou s y e a r 's in dex.
A v e r a g e earn in gs
fo r the follow ing occupations w ere u sed in com puting the wage tre n d s:
Each of the se le c te d key occupations within an occupational
group w as a ssig n e d a weight b ased on its proportion ate em ploym en t
Office clerical (men and women):
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B
Clerks, accounting, classes
A and B
Clerks, file, classes
A, B, and C
Clerks, order
Clerks, payroll
Comptometer operators
Keypunch operators, classes
A and B
Office boys and girls
NOTE:
Office clerical (men and women)—
Continued
Stenographers, general
Stenographers, senior
Switchboard operators, classes
A and B
Tabulating-machine operators,
class B
Typists, classes A and B
Skilled maintenance (men):
Carpenters
Electricians
Machinists
Mechanics
Mechanics (automotive)
Painters
Pipefitters
Tool and die makers
Industrial nurses (men and women):
Nurses, industrial (registered)
Unskilled plant (men):
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Laborers, material handling
Secretaries, included in the list of jobs in all previous years, are excluded because of a change in the description this year.
Table 2.
Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Birmingham, A la. ,
April 1967 and April 1966, and percents of change1 for selected periods
Indexes
(April 1961=100)
Industry and occupational group
April 1967
April 1966
Percents of change 1
April 1966
to
April 1967
April 1965
to
April 1966
April 1964
to
April 1965
April 1963
to
April 1964
April 1962
to
April 1963
April 1961
to
April 1962
April 1960
to
April 1961
All industries:
Office clerical (men and w om en )--------Industrial nurses (men and w om en )------Skilled maintenance (m en)-------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )----------------------------
119. 1
112.5
115. 3
115. 8
114.8
1 10.4
113. 1
114. 1
3 .8
1 .9
2 .0
1 .5
4 .4
3. 9
4. 3
4. 4
2 .0
2 .0
- .2
2 .7
1 .5
.5
2 .6
1.2
2 .7
.5
. 7
1.3
3. 4
3. 1
5. 1
3 .8
2 .6
1 .6
3 .2
1.5
Manufacturing:
Office clerical (men and w om en )--------Industrial nurses (men and w om en )------Skilled maintenance (men)-------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )----------------------------
111.6
109.8
114.2
115.2
1 09.4
108.2
112.4
11 1 .7
2 .0
1 .4
1. 6
3. 1
4 .9
3. 5
4. 1
1. 5
.5
1.5
-.5
3 .5
-.3
-. 5
2 .3
1 .4
1.9
- . 5
.4
2. 1
2 .3
4 .0
5 .6
2. 7
2 .7
1.5
3 .0
.2
A ll changes are increases unless otherwise indicated.
5
F o r o ffic e c le r ic a l w o rk ers and indu strial n u r s e s , the wage
trends r e la te to w eek ly s a la r ie s fo r the n orm al w orkw eek , ex clu siv e
of earnin gs at o v e r tim e p rem iu m r a te s .
For plant w o rk er g rou p s,
they
m e a s u r e changes in a verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly ea rn in g s,
excluding p r e m iu m pay for o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds,
h o lid a y s, and la te sh ifts.
The p ercen ta ges a re b ased on data for
s e le c te d key o ccu p ation s and include m o st of the n u m e ric a lly im portant
jo b s w ithin each group.
Changes in the la b or fo rc e can cau se in c r e a s e s or d e c re a se s in the
occupational a v e r a g e s without actual w age ch an g es. It is conceivable
that even though a ll esta b lish m e n ts in an a re a gave wage in c r e a s e s ,
a vera ge w ages m ay have declin ed b ecau se lo w e r-p a y in g establish m en ts
entered the a re a or expanded th eir w ork fo r c e s .
S im ila rly , w ages
m ay have rem ain ed r e la tiv e ly con stan t, yet the a v era g e s for an a rea
m ay have r ise n c o n sid e ra b ly b ecau se h igh e r-p a yin g establish m en ts
entered the a r e a .
L im ita tio n s of Data
The in dexes and p ercen ta ges of change, as m e a su r e s of
change in a re a a v e r a g e s , are influenced by:
(l) gen eral sa la r y and
w age c h a n g es,
(2) m e r it or other in c r e a se s in pay r e c e iv e d by
individual w o r k e r s w hile in the sam e jo b , and (3) changes in a verage
w ages due to changes in the labor fo r c e resulting fr o m lab or turn
o v e r , fo r c e e x p a n sio n s, fo r c e red u ction s, and changes in the p r o p o r
tion s of w o r k e r s em p loy ed by esta blish m en ts with d ifferen t pay le v e ls .
The u se of constant em p loym en t w eights elim in a tes the effect
o f changes in the proportion o f w o r k e r s rep resen ted in each job
included in the data. The p e rc e n ta g e s of change re fle c t only changes
in a vera ge pay for stra ig h t-tim e h o u r s.
They a re not influenced by
changes in standard w ork s c h ed u les, as such, or by prem iu m pay
fo r o v e r tim e .
Data w e re adju sted w h ere n e c e s s a r y to rem ove fro m
the indexes and p e rce n ta ge s of change any sign ifican t effect caused
by changes in the scope of the su rv e y .
6
A, Occupational Earnings
Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A la ., A p r i l 1967)
W eekly earnings1
(standard)
Number
of
workers
Average
weekly
hours1
( standard)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y ea r n i n g s of—
$
$
$
M ean 2
M edian 2
Middle range 2
$
50
Under
$
and
50
und er
55
55
Sex, occ up a tio n, artd in du st r y d i v is i o n
60
60
65
70
-
-
-
-
-
-
65
$
70
%
75
$
80
%
$
85
90
S
95
ICO
%
105
%
t
110
$
115
$
120
S
$
125
130
135
%
140
$
150
and
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
15 0
oyer
1
1
1
9
11
10
10
2
2
-
5
1
15
14
11
8
-
1
7
3
2
1
6
9
7
3
19
17
23
-
-
-
5
3
1
-
-
3
3
5
-
2
1
1
3
1
3
3
1
_
14
1
-
_
_
-
-
6
5
4
1
-
3
3
2
1
11
6
2
8
8
6
6
4
4
9
9
9
12
-
9
9
9
_
-
_
-
-
-
_
~
2
2
2
2
3
3
-
-
_
-
“
~
MEN
$
$
1 28.00 131.50
134 .50 1 36.00
116 .00 119.00
$
$
1 18 .00-145.50
1 30 .00-147.50
9 9.5 0 -1 2 5 .5 0
A
82
42
3 9.5
3 9.5
40.0
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING -------------------
46
28
4 0.0
4 3.0
9 2.0 0
9 0.50
9 1.00
9 1.00
8 6.5 0 -1 0 2 .0 0
8 1 .0 0 -1 0 4 .5 0
_
-
_
2
-
-
2
1
CLERKS, ORDER -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ----------------
101
96.00
96.00
9 8.5 0
99.00
9 9.50
100.50
8 6 .0 0-10 8.0 0
8 6 .5 0 -1 1 2 .0 0
8 8 .0 0 -1 1 3 .0 0
_
-
-
“
3
3
-
1
74
70
40.0
40.0
40.0
2
2
2
CLERKS, PAYROLL --------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------
29
27
40.0
40.0
120.00
115.00
114.00
106 .00 -1 32 .50
105 .00 -1 37 .50
OFFICE BOYS -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------FINANCE 3----------------------------------
77
57
27
3 9.5
39.0
3 8.5
67.00
61.00
6 2.50
6 2.00
5 8.50
57.5057.0055.5 0-
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B -------------------------------------------
35
39.5
9 6.0 0
9 7.00
9 1 .0 0 -1 0 0 .0 0
BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING
MACHINE) ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING---------------------
48
40
39.5
39.5
6 8 .0 0
6 6 .0 0
67.00
64.00
60.5 05 9.5 0-
7 7.00
76.00
“
BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE) ---------------------------------------—
NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------
34
27
3 8.0
39.0
70.00
67.00
77.50
66.50
5 8 .0 0 5 7.00-
8 3.00
8 2.00
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS A ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------
63
26
37
4 0.0
40.0
40.0
91.50
97.00
9 2.00
10 1.00
8 8 .0 0
87.50
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------
12
119.50
6 8 .0 0
79.50
7 9.00
64.00
2
-
1
-
1
-
12
2
2
-
5
5
5
11
11
2
2
2
2
_
“
_
“
2
2
6
6
2
2
2
1
3
_
2
6
6
25
19
17
-
11
4
3
3
3
“
6
11
5
1
1
1
1
4
2
6
6
4
2
2
1
-
_
-
_
-
-
“
2
4
1
1
~
~
~
1
1
2
2
13
2
2
”
3
10
4
4
1
1
-
1
16
16
16
1
1
5
5
4
-
-
5
5
14
-
22
-
_
-
-
3
1
6
-
-
W
OMEN
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------------FINANCE 3 -------------------------------------
177
39
138
46
28
51
4 0.0
40.0
4 0 .C
40.0
40.5
4 3 .C
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 4 -----------------
199
49
140
52
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------------FINANCE 3 -------------------------------------
5 89
175
414
59
34
98
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le .
2
2
9
9
12
12
4
4
4
13
2
1
2
10
“
”
3
3
9
9
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
15
~
1
1
8 2.0 0-10 2.5 0
8 5.00-1C 4 .0 0
8 0 .5 0 - 94.50
_
_
_
5
5
1
”
2
-
1
”
-
-
16
7
9
65.0 06 8.0 063.0 06 5.5 05 7 .5 0 6 7.5 0-
_
4
18
-
-
-
18
7 2.50
79.50
7 1.00
71.50
64.50
73.50
71.50
7 5.00
71.00
7 1.00
63.00
7 3.00
4 3.0
40.0
39.5
39.5
103.50
105.50
1 03.00
1 0 1.00
101.00
102.00
12 1.00
120.50
8 9.0 0-11 7.0 0
9 0 .5 0-11 9.5 0
9 8 .0 0-11 5.0 0
108 .50 -1 37 .00
39.0
43.0
38.5
40.0
39.0
39.0
80.00
78.50
8 1.00
8 3.50
7 51 0 0
70.00
78.00
7 8.00
7 9.00
8 2.50
7 7 . 50
67.50
7 0 .5 0 - 9 1.50
7 2 .0 0 - 8 5.00
6 9 .0 0 - 92.50
7 1 .5 0 - 99.00
6 5 .0 0 - 83.50
6 2 .5 0 - 75.50
79.00
8 8.50
77.00
78.50
7 3.50
79.50
_
-
4
-
-
-
4
-
2
1
36
16
21
20
22
1
35
3
32
1
8
24
10
1
4
23
6
3
1
2
18
7
6
6
5
7
11
6
11
3
11
1
-
6
6
7
16
8
2
_
-
7
7
3
3
“
17
17
-
27
65
a
57
7
7
24
52
P
43
4
4
25
108
41
67
14
3
71
36
35
66
12
12
9
3
2
1
10
1
”
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
1
1
6
_
1
-
”
5
~
”
_
_
-
-
9
9
4
4
6
17
6
2
2
2
4
1
4
2
2
16
16
2
_
-
2
-
2
2
1
1
-
-
-
-
_
-
~
“
~
~
“
_
-
4
4
-
11
8
11
6
5
3
3
24
3
1
2
2
4
22
1
2
1
-
1
1
1
1
a
3
5
-
13
7
3
20
13
14
17
5
2
12
6
11
5
7
1
5
3
~
~
_
_
-
-
_
-
~
~
“
“
_
_
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
9
“
11
2
”
4
4
”
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
“
_
_
-
-
-
-
24
10
14
-
-
-
“
“
12
2
1
3
29
38
8
10
6
12
1
30
9
15
21
1
“
25
15
112
12
10
1
100
6
-
3
3
23
3
2
1
6
-
_
-
-
7
Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued
( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y h o u r s and e a rn i n gs f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a re a b a s is
b y in du st r y d i v i s i o n , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
W e e k l y warnings1
(stan dard)
Sex, o cc u p a t io n , and in du st r y d i v is i o n
Ave ra ge
w ee kl y
hours1
fstandard)
Number
of
workers
N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g strai ght - t i m e w e e k l y ea rn i n gs of —
$
Me an2
Medi an 2
50
Under
$
and
50
und er
Mi ddl e range 2
39.9
38 . j .
163
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38.5
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80
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95
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$
100
105
$
$
110
115
$
120
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
18
18
12
12
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58
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130
$
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$
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69.00
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— ———— ———
MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------
216
75
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r » ai a u r c 3
riN A N C t
——
— ————————
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k i u N y A N t l C AC i II D 1 NC —— — — ————————
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39 5 109 50
40.0 1 15.50
8 8 .0 0 116.50
9 7.5 0120.50
8 4 .0 0 113.00
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NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------m in i t r
PUBLIC i i t t L li T I b r 4 — — — — — —
U ili r i r b
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FINANCE ------------- —-------------------------------------------OFFICE GIRLS ------------- -- —
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109
118
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55
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5
55
WOMEN
$
$
6
3
3
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7
8
3
6
8
Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued
( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y h o u r s and e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a re a b a s is
b y in du st r y d i v i s i o n , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
Weekly earnings1
(standard)
Number
of
workers
Sex, oc c up a tio n, and in du str y di v is i o n
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g straight - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f—
$
Average
weekly
hours1
( standard)
Mean1
2
Median 2
Middle range 2
$
50
Under
$
and
50
un d e r
55
WOMEN -
CONTINUED
55
60
S
65
$
70
$
$
75
80
$
S
85
90
»
95
$
1
100
105
$
110
$
115
s
$
120
125
130
$
135
$
140
150
and
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
^a
21
X2
105
110
115
22
28
5
la
14
15
1A
17
3
•
j
2
2
120
1 25
130
135
140
150
over
9
1
4
2
1
4
1
CONTINUED
SECRETARIES 56 * -
$
$
$
3 9,0
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1oo
99
in
187
3 9.5
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39
STENOGRAPHERS? GENERAL
—
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729
29
2
72
^6
A nn— o o # * o/
qq c 1
7 H• nn— O f • cn
( a UU 07 j U
40.0
99.00
6
5
12
7
aA U U l 5 . U
O S . nn—i i i a Unn
85.50-107.50
aa n o l t a U
OJ.UU —l a 5 . 5an
7 5 .5 0 - 8 9.50
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B -------AinktUAA f C At I UK I No
ll
lT
NuiVnAINUr ATTlID i A
""
RETAIL T R A D E -------------- — ------ --------
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS,
r
i
99.50
90.00
100.50
84.00
an an
oa .a u
9 4.00
8
16
7
93.50
^QA*nn
96 * in
1 0 3 * an
84.50
2
1
1
7 4.5 0-
7
ia
8 0.0 0 -1 0 4 .0 0
8
”
8 7.50
39.0
' 00
9 2.0 0
0
$
07
03 00
92.00
78.50
87.50
Gr 0
188
* 62
93 ,0 0
oo
/ r r
\ \
no ?
39.5
$
$
*nn
nn no
on on
92.00
2^
10
l
3
30
an
30
-
-
-
-
5
7
-
1
6
4
4
4
1
-
2
2
1
1
~
1
1
-
6
14
7
6
3
5
5
2
1
1
9
1
2
13
13
*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
1
1q
13
5
1°
6
1
1
-
3
-
•
-
-
3
3
2
2
8
^a
8
3
*0
6
7
~
7
1
3
6
*
2
!
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
1
1 Standard h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r wh ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e th e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e of pay f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) ,
and the e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d
to these w e e k l y h o u r s .
2 The m e a n is co m p u t e d f o r
e a c h jo b by totaling the e a rn i n gs
of all w o r k e r s and
div iding b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . The m e d i a n d e s ig n a t e s p o s it i o n — h a lf o f the e m p l o y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e than
the rate shown; h a lf r e c e i v e le s s
than the rate shown.
The m id dl e ra ng e is de fi ne d b y 2
ra t e s o f pay; a fo ur t h
of the w o r k e r s e a rn l e s s than the
l o w e r o f t h es e r a t e s
and a fo ur t h e a r n m o r e than the
hi ghe r rate.
3 F in a n ce , i n s u r a n c e ,
and r e a l esta te .
4
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and ot he r pu blic u til iti es.
5 Ma y in clu de w o r k e r s o the r than t hos e p r e s e n t e d se p a r a t e l y .
6 D e s c r i p t i o n f o r this o c c u p a t io n has b e e n r e v i s e d si n ce the last s u r v e y in
this a re a .
See appe nd ix A.
7 W o r k e r s w e r e di st r ib ut e d
as f o l l o w s : 12 at $30 to $35; 5 at $40 to $45;
and 12 at $45 to $50.
9
Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y ho ur s and e a rn in gs f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu died on an a r e a b as is
b y in du st r y d i v is i o n , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
W eekly earnings1
(standard)
Number
of
workers
Average
weekly
hours1
( standard)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a rn in gs o f—
l
$
$
$
$
$
$
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
6 5 ____70
Sex, o c c u p a t io n , and in du st r y d i v is i o n
75
80
85
90
95
1 00
105
110
115
120
125
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
over
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
7
2
1
4
4
14
14
6
2
12
11
14
-
12
52
49
26
25
3
3
_
_
_
-
_
21
24
-
1
1
4
4
14
-
12
11
4
-
9
9
4
-
12
19
21
21
20
4
4
5
5
_
2
1
15
-
8
15
9
32
29
11
11
10
10
2
2
5
4
9
3
12
10
7
3
2
1
2
1
1
7
7
6
6
5
4
60
M ean2
Median 2
M iddle range 2
und er
MEN
nr> a r 1 o u c i (
UK A c tc ^ c N f
r i Ao o
LL a c c
I ng
man ufa ctu p
—
n n ACTf-kimi
i Arc
f ontiN i
L L floo
UA N U c A r r 11 d Tkir
n A ki n r a t 1 UK I N b
nn A r T >u c kIN
i t
UK A C 1 c
|
$
40 •0 1 6 3 . 5 0
4 0,0 164.00
$
$
$
l 7 4 . 5 0 1 K1 C ut . 1 7i 7 * ?cU
151#D r *1 Q n
1 7 5 . 5 0 15 3 • 5 0—179 • 5 0
40 •0 1 3 2 . 0 0
134.50
——— —— ——— — — ——
——
— —
r
L — — — — — — — —
— — — —
— —
r acc
U il A o o
y A k i h C U 1i i o k r
n A I' I Ur AA r T U Krl I ' il b
n
D
141
1 29
118
a
A
— — — — — — — —
— —— — —
—
— —— — — —— ——
— —
97.50
ill
40 *C
96*00
8 8 .5 0-1C 7 .50
89.0 0-1C 7 .50
16
16
8 2 .0 0 - 9 6.00
8 0 .0 0 - 93.00
no a C 1 n t i 1 KA C i Kj
UK A r T foU C kli Tnur tt nc
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
U Q 1 C7A _ * A 7 • CO
1 r DU
1
I d a 9 n n —177 fUU
1
VO _ i a q n A
32
4 0 10
8 6 .0 0
86^00
36
4 0.0
107.50
107.00
106.00
2
2
6
4
11
8
-
-
-
10
10
_
_
_
-
3
6
1
_
_
1
-
_
2
3
“
"
~
1
~
“
WOMEN
NURSES,
INDUSTRIAL
y a Ad i c a r 1 i K r INI,
n AlMUr* HU t iU d 1 Air*
(REGISTERED)
------
9 9.5 0 -1 1 6 .0 0
on
n U * 1 1 a * DU
Un _ n 7 cn
St an dar d h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w hi ch e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r
to t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s .
2
F o r def in i t io n o f t e r m s , s e e footno te 2, table A - l .
s t r a i g h t - t im e
1
s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f pa y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m
r a t e s ) , and the earn in gs c o r r e s p o n d
10
Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r il 1967)
Average
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
Weekly
Number
of
workers
Weekly
Weekly
hours 1 earnings 1
an rd
(standard) (st da )
39.5
39.5
L o o
66.00
BILLERS, MA CH IN E (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE) ----------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------
34
27
38.0
39.0
70.00
67.00
63
26
37
40.0
40.0
43.0
91.50
97.00
88.00
R O O K K E E P IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS,
CLASS B ------------------------M A NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------WH OLESALE TRADE ---------RETAIL TRADE -------------F I N A N C E 2--------------------
177
39
138
46
28
51
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.3
43.5
43.0
72.50
79.50
71.00
71.50
64.50
73.50
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A —
MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3--------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------F I N A N C E 2--------------------
313
131
182
66
32
36
39.5
39.5
40.0
39.5
40.0
39.5
113.50
123.50
1 0 6.CC
123.00
100.00
10 3 . 5C
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B —
M A N U F A CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------WHOL ES AL E TRADE ---------RETAIL TRADE -------------F I N A N C E 2--------------------
635
193
442
72
34
103
39.0
40.0
38. 5
40.0
39.0
38.0
81.00
80.00
81.50
85.50
75.00
70.50
CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A --------NCNMANUF A C T U R I N G -----------F I N A N C E 2--------------------
80
65
47
39.0
39.0
38.5
75.00
73.50
70.50
CLERKS, FILE, CLASS 8 --------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------F I N A N C E 2 --------------------
183
168
127
38.5
38.5
38.5
64. 50
64.00
62.00
CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C --------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------F I N A N C E 2 --------------------
155
145
118
39.0
39.0
38.5
59.50
58.50
58.50
CLERKS, O R DE R ------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------WHOL ES AL E TRADE -----------
155
37
118
110
40.0
40.0
40.3
40.C
93.50
92.50
93.50
96.50
CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S3---------
198
120
78
28
39.5
39.5
39.0
39.0
92.50
97.00
85.50
87.50
KE YPUNCH OP ERATORS, CLASS A
MANU FA CT UR IN G -----------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -------F I N A N C E 2----------------
112
52
60
44
39.5
40.0
39.0
39.0
82.00
88.00
77.00
73.00
KEYP UN CH OP ER AT OR S, CLASS B
M A NU FA CT UR IN G -----------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3-----WH OLESALE TRADE ------F I N A N C E 2-----------------
339
99
24C
84
25
120
39.0
40.0
39.0
39.0
40 . C
38.5
74.50
79.00
72.50
82.50
70.50
66.00
OFFICE BOYS AND G I RL S-NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3F I N A N C E 2------------
111
91
30
44
39.0
39.0
39.5
38.0
66.00
65.00
72.50
59.50
S E CR ET AR IE S4 5
---------MANUFA CT UR IN G -----N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG —
PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3
WHOL ES AL E TRADE RETAIL TRADE ---F I N A N C E 2----------
696
250
446
126
48
50
208
39.5
40.0
39.0
39.5
40.0
39.5
38.5
103.00
109.00
100.00
114.50
99.50
82.50
94. 00
SE CRETARIES, CLASS A 5
N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ---
64
46
40.0 112.50
39.5 109.00
SECRET ARIFS, CLASS B 5M A N U FA CT UR IN G ------NONMANUF A C T U R I N G --PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3—
F I N A N C E 2------------
216
75
141
47
60
39.5
40.0
39.5
39.5
38.5
SECRETARIES, CLASS C 5M A NU FA CT UR IN G ------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --F I N A N C E 2------------
203
53
150
99
39.0
40. C
38.5
38.5
SECRETARIES, CLASS D 5
M A NU FA CT UR IN G ------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3—
F I N A N C E 2------------
187
83
104
33
39
39.5
40.0
39.5
40.0
39.5
93.00
99.50
88.00
95.00
85.5C
654
191
463
180
62
182
39.5
40.0
39.5
39.0
40.0
39.0
84.00
92.00
80.50
88.50
76.50
74.50
ST EN OGRAPHERS, GENERAL
M A NU FA CT UR IN G -----N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG —
PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S3
WH OL ES AL E TRADE F I N A N C E 2----------
109.50
115.50
106.50
124.50
98.00
1 0 2 .0 0
1 1 1 .0 0
99.00
92.OC
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
- CO N T I N U E D
STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR
MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG —
F I N A N C E 2---------
234
85
149
43
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS
$
40.0 101.00
40.0
96.50
39.5 103.50
38.5
84.50
27
38.5
87.00
SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ---NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------
108
106
33
41.5
41.5
61.50
61.00
6 1 . 5C
SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R -R EC EP TI ON IS TS M ANUF A C T U R I N G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
122
61
61
40. C
40.0
40.0
78.50
80.50
76-i 50
TABULAT ING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS A -----------------------
26
39.0
TABU LA TI NG -M AC HI NE OPERATORS,
CLASS B -----------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ---------F I N A N C E 2-------------------
86
62
30
38.5
38.0
37.5
88.50
85.00
80.00
109
45
64
39.0
40.0
38.5
73 .5C
77.50
70.50
86
64
39.0
33.5
78.00
71.50
463
B6
377
46
31
29
223
39 . C
39.5
38.5
39.5
40.0
40.0
38.0
65.50
75.00
63.00
74.00
66.50
69.50
60.50
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS
MANUFA CT UR IN G
142
130
40.0 163.00
40.0 163.50
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B
MANUFA CT UR IN G —
126
105
40.0 131.50
40.0 1 3 2 . 5C
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C
MANUFACTURING -
135
111
40.0
40.0
97.50
96.00
DR AF TS MEN-TRACERS
MANU FA CT UR IN G ■
89
34
39.0
40.0
86.50
88.00
NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) --MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------------------
36
29
40.0 107.50
40.0 106.00
TP ANSCRI BI NG -MACHINE CPERATORS,
GENERAL -------------------------MA NUFACTURING ---------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------------TYPISTS. CLASS A ----NONMANUF AC TU RI NG -■
TYPISTS, CLASS B -----MA NU FACTURING -----NONMANUF AC TU RI NG —
PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3WH OLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE ----F I N A N C E 2-----------
1 1 1 .0 0
PROFESSIONAL AND TE CH NI CA L
OCCUPATIONS
1 S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f le c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f pay fo r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r
c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , co m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
4 M ay in clu d e w o r k e r s o th e r than th o s e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly .
5 D e s c r ip t io n f o r th is o c c u p a t io n has b e e n r e v i s e d s in c e the la s t s u r v e y in th is a r e a .
See a p p en d ix A .
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
o
o
B O OK KE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS,
CLASS A ------------------------M A NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------
120
33
69
$
73.50
70.00
74.00
69.00
154
Number
of
workers
>
*
48
40
39.0
39.0
40.0
38.0
CO MP TO ME TE R OP ER AT OR S N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -WH OLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE -----
O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n
OFFICE OC CU PA TI ON S
OFFICE O C C U PA TI ON S - CO NT IN UE D
OFFICE OC CUPATIONS
BILLERS, MA CH IN E (BILLING
MACHINE) ----------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------
Average
Average
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
p r e m iu m
r a t e s ) , and the e a r n in g s
11
Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A l a ., A p r i l 1967)
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s of—
H ourly e arn in g s1
M e a n 13 M edian 2
2
$
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
$
1.9C
1 .8 0
1.90
2
-
-
-
T tw
T W
and
$
1 . 6 0 unde r
M iddle range
$
$
2 .00
2
10
2.20
$
2 .3 0
$
2 .4 0
I
$
1»
2! • 50 2! • 60 2 . 7 0
$
2 .8 0
$
3.
00
%
3 .2 0
$
3 .4 0
$
$
3 . 60 3 . 8 0
$
4.0 0
$
4 .2 0
$
$
4. 40 4 . 60
2.10
2 .20
2 .3 0
2 .4 0
2 .5 0
2! • 60
2! • 70
2.8 0
3.0 0
3.
20
3 .4 0
3 .6 0
3 . 80 4 . 0 0
4.2 0
4 .4 0
4.6 0
over
5
5
5
~
2
2
4
~
16
15
91
90
5
5
15
15
2
2
4
4
$
1 .6 0
1 .7 0
O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
Num ber
of
workers
2
15
15
70
66
101
100
99
99
49
46
68
2
14
14
3
~
3
“
_
10
18
14
45
44
12
$
.
and
.
0
C
CARPENTERS* MAINTENANCE -----------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
160
154
$
3.36
3.37
$
3.35
3.35
$
$
3.31- 3.40
3.31- 3.40
ELECTRICIANS. MAINTENANCE ------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
661
644
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.74
3.35- 4.13
3.35- 4.13
ENGINEERS, STATIONARY ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
117
94
3.44
3.53
3.46
3.48
3.29- 3.66
3.41- 3.69
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
“
-
-
46
2.91
2.84
2.55- 3.43
-
3
-
2
-
5
5
-
2
2
FIREMEN,
STATIONARY BOILER -----------------
3.18
3.20
2.95
2.96
“
HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES --------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 3 ----------------------------
387
351
36
30
2. 82
2. 85
2. 53
2.69
2. 91
2.94
2.49
2.85
2.472.492.352.41-
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS. TOOLROOM —
MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
129
129
3. 15
3. 15
3. 13
3. 13
2.54- 3.45
2.54- 3.45
MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------- -------------------
485
485
3.68
3.68
3.58
3.58
424
150
274
225
35
3.11
3.09
3. 11
3. 17
2.79
3.31
3. 19
3.32
3.34
2.75
2.822.542.883.012.39-
MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE -------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------
726
686
40
3. 50
3.53
3.06
3.47
3.48
3.08
3.29- 3.84
3.31- 3.86
2.64- 3.44
MILLWRIGHTS -------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------
221
221
3. 53
3.53
3.47
3.47
118
119
2.78
2.78
2.69
2.69
2.49- 3.02
2.49- 3.02
-
-
PAINTERS, MAINTENANCE
MANUFACTURING ---------
43
38
3.24
3.26
3.17
3.17
3.08- 3.55
3.10- 3.56
-
-
TOOL AND DIE MAKERS —
MANUFACTURING --------
94
94
3. 38
3.38
3.37
3.37
-
~
6
2
3.40
3.82
3.39
3.39
3.09
1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s ,
2 F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
1
1
10
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
~
-
-
-
“
-
-
-
~
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
~
-
-
10
10
"
60
175
174
25
25
30
3C
9
9
14
14
1
_
-
-
4
4
-
1
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
13
4
-
4
8
-
4
4
-
4
-
-
-
“
7
7
7
68
~
14
14
-
41
39
77
77
-
80
80
-
_
-
8
8
2
2
52
37
15
15
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
9
9
9
9
29
29
13
13
5
5
_
_
-
1
1
_
-
28
28
-
-
-
8
8
7
7
6
6
6
6
57
57
93
93
89
89
41
41
15
15
149
149
23
23
-
-
~
”
7
7
“
9
9
-
14
4
44
33
6
6
3
3
28
102
11
11
-
-
-
-
1
4
-
-
-
8
34
34
29
5
_
10
130
28
_
12
45
33
17
14
3
6
6
22
21
78
110
-
24
24
-
11
11
1
45
45
-
10
10
~
46
46
“
43
43
-
_
6
_
-
6
_
_
_
_
-
"
-
-
2
_
_
4
22
22
-
20
20
62
6
6
19
4
15
15
“
-
2
2
2
2
8
8
26
20
6
6
~
3
3
3
2
-
1
1
-
25
15
10
6
1
4
18
13
5
16
14
"
57
-
38
22
13
-
99
3
115
113
10
10
202
-
-
-
-
-
~
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
2
2
2
187
15
32
32
h o lid a y s ,
2
2
1
6
6
-
1
-
*
-
“
3.24- 3.63
3.24- 3.63
1
1
3.32- 3.75
3.32- 3.75
OILERS ------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------
“
3.35- 4.13
3.35- 4.13
MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
(MAINTENANCE) ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3 ---------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------------------
-
48
48
82
82
10
68
10
10
-
-
n o
-
-
1
-
-
-
"
14
14
17
17
6
6
26
26
12
12
12
12
19
19
2
2
8
8
2
2
-
1
-
-
-
3
2
21
2
20
4
4
6
2
4
3
6
-
1
-
-
-
37
37
14
14
28
28
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
and la te s h ift s .
5
5
_
12
Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r i l 1967)
Hourly earnings2
N u m b e r i f w o r k e r s :r e c e i v i n g
o
s t r a i g h t - ■ tim e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f-
t
O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
of
workers
Mean3
Median3
Middle range3
U nder
t
1. 00
$
t
S
S
$
(
$
$
$
S
$
$
$
t
i
$
$
$
$
S
1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2 .60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40
-
u nder
and
1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2 .80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40
ELEVATOR OPERATORS, PASSENGER
(WOMEN) ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------
79
79
$
1.05
1.05
$
1.06
1. 06
$
$
1.01- 1.43
1.01- 1.43
GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------
576
161
415
1.74
2. 27
1.54
1.48
2.46
1.46
1.43- 2.12
1.50- 2.78
1.43- 1.49
GUARDS:
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
85
2.79
2.77
76
1.69
1.49
1.45- 1.98
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS
MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------PUBLIC UT IL IT IE S 5 ------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------FINANCE 6 ---------------------------------------
1,317
368
949
82
35
240
103
1.62
2.20
1.40
2.03
1.63
1. 36
1.51
1.48
2.33
1.44
2.05
1.59
1.45
1.48
1.411.881.241.591.501.401.44-
34
34
-
_
-
-
-
19
_
4
_
-
-
-
-
-
“
19
“
4
“
26
26
1
1
353
41
312
13
3
10
2.71- 3.02
WATCHMEN:
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
18
18
1.96
2.43
1.49
2.44
1.78
1.49
1.57
-
-
12
-
12
-
”
-
160
-
160
-
54
~
-
-
-
54
29
2
-
-
54
29
-
-
“
~
”
18
_
-
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS
(WOMEN) -----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------FINANCE 6 ---------------------------------------
401
44
357
56
1. 37
1.73
1.33
1.47
1.44
1.63
1.44
1.47
1.261.491.101.43-
1.49
1.69
1.48
1.50
14
-
-
14
-
76
-
LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING -----MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5 ------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------RETAIL TRADE ----------------------------
1,719
914
805
221
522
62
2.00
2. 15
1.83
2. 18
1.70
1.73
1.95
2. 22
1. 66
2.49
1.64
1.68
1.631.761.491.491.491.47-
2.33
2.35
2.24
2.62
1.70
2.03
_
_
_
-
-
ORDER FILLERS ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------
418
39
379
311
1.85
2.69
1.76
1.66
1.72
2.68
1.69
1.61
1.502.481.491.47-
2.31
2.87
2.02
1.77
-
-
-
-
-
-
PACKERS, SHIPPING ---------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------
234
171
63
38
2.23
2.45
1.62
1.58
2.08
2. 62
1.64
1. 54
1.782.061.491.46-
2.67
2.70
1.73
1.69
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
RECEIVING CLERKS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------RETAIL TRADE ----------------------------
144
74
70
39
31
2.37
2.73
1.98
1. 92
2.07
2.45
2.72
1.92
1. 89
1.95
1.902.561.811.691.85-
2.75
3.00
2.23
2.09
2.28
SHIPPING CLERKS -------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
89
30
3.21
3.28
3. 17
3.42
2.60- 3.64
2.76- 3.67
_
-
_
-
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
109
95
3.12
3.23
3.02
3.06
2.63- 3.75
2.71- 4.22
-
_
_
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le .
76
-
18
“
-
2
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
23
8
15
11
6
5
1
18
12
6
21
10
11
70
44
26
7
7
“
24
24
“
3
13
6
7
10
40
7
24
41
3
7
6
6
9
533
37
496
9
9
146
65
76
9
67
13
10
20
19
61
18
43
4
10
10
6
67
42
25
4
4
4
12
62
30
32
23
2
6
1
133
133
213
12
201
43
13
54
18
36
3
4
2
2
1
1
244
18
226
59
144
23
44
21
23
6
16
1
522
217
305
5
283
17
69
43
26
1
20
5
14C
124
16
7
3
6
402
337
65
10
45
10
107
107
105
49
49
47
112
112
103
15
2
13
10
19
19
19
78
78
27
7
36
8
28
7
11
60
60
-
7
6
28
2
26
9
17
15
5
10
7
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
“
~
“
"
"
11
8
10
-
-
6
6
8
6
-
17
17
17
5
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
22
22
8
8
2
2
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
109
40
69
64
5
98
28
70
68
2
50
47
3
1
2
13
12
1
13
12
1
-
-
-
1
1
11
10
1
10
1C
12
12
3
3
-
2
2
9
9
60
6C
22
22
10
10
-
12
5
7
1
6
17
10
7
5
2
25
22
3
2
1
13
12
1
1
12
12
“
-
-
-
95
66
29
29
-
4
4
-
-
10
10
-
-
3
3
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
1
-
2
2
~
4
4
”
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
”
~
~
~
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
5
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
5
-
1
1
10
10
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
"
6
4
-
17
13
4
4
14
13
5
3
1
1
18
18
8
8
3
3
_
_
_
_
5
2
6
5
2
2
11
11
25
23
2
2
12
11
8
5
7
7
5
5
-
-
-
5
5
-
over
-
-
8
8
24
24
13
Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u str y d i v is i o n , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r il 1967)
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f—
$
$
$
$
$
$
1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50
U nder
$
and
1 .9 0 u n d er
O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
M e d ian 3
TRUCKDRIVFRSf ---------------------------------------------
M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5--------------WH OL ES AL E TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------TRUC KD RI VE RS , LIGHT (UNDER
1-1/2 TO NS I ----------------------MA NU F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------W H O L E S A L E TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------
1 ,9 9 2
568
1 ,4 2 4
597
560
155
$
2 . 35
2.4 0
2 .3 3
2 .8 7
1.9 3
1 .6 7
121
1.6 6
62
TRUCKD RI VE RS , MEDIUM (1-1/2 TO
AND IN C L U D I N G 4 TCNSI ----------MA N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5--------------W H OL ES AL E TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE --------------------
”
_
39
39
19
31
31
19
1.41
1.64
2.3 6
1.58
1.67
1.47
1 .4 4 1 .8 3 1 .4 3 1 .4 7 1 .0 8 -
1 .9 1
2 .6 9
1.8 4
1 .9 1
1 .7 3
1 ,1 7 8
282
896
443
291
64
2 .3 1
2.2 8
2 .3 2
2.75
1.6 9
1 . 88
2 .1 6
2.2 3
2 .1 6
2 .6 2
1.50
1.71
1 .7 3 1 .7 8 1 .6 7 2 .1 5 1 .4 5 1 .4 9 -
2 .9 2
2 .8 9
2 .9 3
3 .5 3
1 .8 4
2 .9 0
“
TR UC KD RI VE RS , HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,
TRAILER TYPE) --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5--------------W H OL ES AL E TRADE ----------------
380
74
306
152
143
2 .7 1
1 .9 3
2.90
3.2 1
2.6 3
2 .9 3
1.8 2
3 . 12
3 .5 2
3.0 2
1 .9 6 1 .6 5 2 .3 0 2 .9 3 1 .9 8 -
3 .4 5
1.93
3 .5 2
3 .5 6
3 .1 5
_
~
-
TR UC KD RI VE RS , HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,
OTHER TH AN TRAILER TYPE) -------MA NU F A C T U R I N G ---------------------
119
96
2.2 5
2.35
2 .6 3
2.6 5
1 .6 8 -
590
493
97
68
2 .2 4
2.29
1 .9 9
1 .81
1.9 8
2 .0 7
1. 93
1 .9 2
1 .7 6 - 2 .7 8
1 .7 8 - 2 .8 5
1 .6 8 - 1.99
1 .6 6 - 1 .9 6
145
2. 93
3 .0 4
2 .5 6 -
-
TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) --------MA N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------W H O L ES AL E TRADE ---------------TRUCKERS, POWER (OTHER THAN
FORKLIFT) ----------------------------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
“
_
_
2 .7 1
1 .3 0
1,, 4 0
1 .5 9
1 .6 0
-
“
245
7
238
189
41
40
4
36
-
25 6
141
115
11
21
74
33
2
2
~
207
48
159
3
139
17
62
62
43
19
9
9
5
4
47
7
40
29
9
53
5
43
39
9
_
_
16
16
-
“
~
18C
7
173
146
19
135
74
61
45
16
83
-
_
_
-
-
_
~
~
8
2
-
-
8
2
-
-
“
_
~
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
~
-
~
3.31
$
21
2
3.00
3 .2 0
3 .4 0
3 .6 9
3 .8 C
4 .0 0
4, , 2 0
258
37
74
47
27
53
175
88
82
74
1
1
72
3
15
7
42
~
87
77
3
7
232
109
132
43
84
10
43
245
245
245
-
-
-
-
221
213
5
3
7
7
5
8
7
1
2 44
33
211
210
8
1
-
44
40
4
~
“
~
7
4
3
3
~
3
-
11
34
30
_
_
-
-
-
5
5
52
50
23
20
11
1
2
138
99
39
39
21
2
“
118
87
31
24
4
2
6
2
10
2
12
66
3
_
8
6
2
“
“
“
~
-
.
_
_
.
-
-
-
-
.
-
2
-
-
-
-
_
-
"
-
-
-
-
47
181
83
98
24
7
3
4
-
1
79
15
64
57
1
-
150
159
159
40
“
7
2
3
2
-
6
95
95
95
“
.
.
_
_
-
-
-
-
1
1
11
-
1
_
_
_
_
-
9
9
-
-
-
over
_
-
4
4
-
1
t
2
71
-
$
2 .8 0
49
3
46
_
$
2 .6 0
62
54
22
t
,60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40
2 .4 0
10
6
“
$
20
.
40
39
-
~
_
6
6
$
4
4
-
“
D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d .
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s .
F o r d e f in it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta ble A - 1.
A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 0 . 6 0 to $ 0 . 7 0 .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
I n clu d e s a ll d r i v e r s , as d e f in e d , r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru c k o p e r a t e d .
6
2.00
_
”
_
“
1
1 .6 5
2.26
1.55
$
$
1 .7 1 - 2 .9 6
1 .7 8 - 2 .9 3
1 .6 6 - 2 .9 8
2 .1 7 - 3 .5 4
1 .4 7 - 2.2 2
1 .4 5 - 1.83
O'
on
231
32
199
$
2 .1 8
2.45
2 .1 5
2.70
1 .81
1 .5 9
1. 20
$
%
$
$
*
2.80 3.09 3.20 3.40
o
C
C
1.10
$
60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60
V
o
H ourly earnings ^
6
41
2
68
6
-
26
4
39
-
10
-
-
22
2
22
68
6
15
-
29
23
6
2
66
-
61
60
9
5
1
1
22
2
_
2
_
-
20
2
-
-
_
-
-
“
59
59
-
32
30
9
2
83
83
-
30
30
-
-
4
7
13
13
-
5
24
12
13
26
39
3
2
1
1
“
.
_
-
-
-
2
2
2
-
-
2
-
2
9
_
14
B. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers
( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a ll in d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s
o f in e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts
M a n u fa c t u r in g
M in im u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y
1
O th e r i n e x p e r i e n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2
B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f —
A ll
i n d u s t r ie s
A ll
s c h e d u le s
M a n u fa c t u r in g
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
A ll
s c h e d u le s
40
A ll
s c h e d u le s
40
N o n r n a n u fa c t u r in g
B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— -
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
A ll
s c h e d u le s
40
40
156
51
XXX
105
XXX
156
51
XXX
105
XX X
------------------------
37
14
14
23
15
65
21
21
44
31
00 ............................................. ......... - -------- --------------- ------------u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 5 7 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 6 7 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 0. 00__ ...................... .— ................. .......... ........
u n d e r $ 7 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 5 . 0 0 .................................... .......... ........ .............
u n d e r $ 7 7 . 5 0 ______________________________________
u n d e r $ 8 0 . 0 0 --------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 8 2. 5 0 ______________________________________
o v e r _________________________________________________
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
3
10
3
5
3
2
3
1
3
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
8
2
3
3
1
1
-
4
2
5
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
2
5
-
1
1
5
17
7
13
2
3
3
3
3
2
5
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
5
13
5
8
2
2
2
1
1
3
E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g no s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ________________
14
8
XXX
6
XXX
22
10
XX X
12
XX X
E s t a b li s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s
in th is c a t e g o r y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- .
105
29
XXX
76
XXX
69
20
XX X
49
XX X
E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d ie d -------------- -------------------- --
------------------------------------
E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m . ..
U n der $ 50.
$ 5 0 .0 0 and
$ 5 2 .5 0 and
$ 5 5 .0 0 and
$ 5 7 .5 0 and
$ 6 0. 00 and
$ 6 2. 50 and
$ 6 5 . 00 and
$ 6 7. 50 and
$ 7 0. 00 and
$ 7 2. 50 and
$ 7 5 . 00 and
$ 7 7 . 5 0 and
$ 80. 00 and
$ 82. 50 and
-
8
2
2
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
T h e s e s a l a r i e s r e l a t e to f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d m in i m u m s t a r t i n g (h ir in g ) r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s th a t a r e p a id f o r
E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h as m e s s e n g e r o r o f f i c e g i r l .
D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k r e p o r t e d .
sta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s .
1
1
-
13
4
6
1
1
1
1
3
15
Table B-2.
Shift Differentials
(S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l ,
B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r il 1967)
P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s —
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l
p r o v is io n s 1 f o r —
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l
S e c o n d s h ift
w ork
T o t a l --------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
T h ir d o r o th e r
s h i ft w o r k
9 3 .4
84. 3
8 1 .8
A c t u a l l y w o r k in g o n —
S e c o n d s h i ft
T h ir d o r o t h e r
s h i ft
19. 9
7. 3
80. 2
1 7 .6
7. 1
78. 5
68. 7
17. 2
6. 6
c e n t s --------------------- --------------------------------------c e n t s ---------------------------------- --------------------------c e n t s ------------------------ -- -------------- -----------—_
c e n t s ----------------------------------------------- ----------------c e n t s ----------------------------------------------------------------7 V c e n t s ----------------- -----2
----------------------------8 c e n t s ___________________________________________
9 c e n t s ____________________ ___________________
10 c e n t s __________________________________________
11 c e n t s __________________________________________
12 c e n t s ----------------- _ ----------------------------------------------------------14 c e n t s ------------ -------- ---------------18 c e n t s - ---------------------------- ----------------------------20 c e n t s ___________ _________ ___________ _____ _
.8
2. 7
2. 0
3. 8
2 .9
2. 2
50. 7
5. 2
1 .8
_
.8
1 .6
3. 1
1 .0
1 .0
(1 )
2
. 1
. 3
.9
.6
.6
1 1 .6
1 .6
. 3
-
1. 1
. 1
-
1 .7
.8
-
F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s ______________
2. 3
3. 3
W it h s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l --------
--------------------
-
_
U n if o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _______________________
2
4
5
6
7
-
5 .6
1 .0
-
F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s
p lu s c e n t s p e r h o u r -------------- --------------------------F o r m a l p a id lu n c h p e r i o d -----------------------------------W it h n o s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l — __
______________
-
1 .0
5. 3
1. 3
5 1 .2
-
(2)
.4
. 1
_
(2)
-
. 1
5. 5
-
.4
8. 2
1 .0
1 1 .6
1 I n c l u d e s e s t a b l is h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s ,
e v e n th o u g h th e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s .
2 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
. 1
. 1
4. 1
an d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
-
.2
.2
2. 3
w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g
.2
la t e s h i ft s
16
Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t an d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r i e s and in in d u s t r y d i v is i o n s b y s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s 1
o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s
W e e k ly h o u r s
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
M anu
fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u tilitie s 3
O ffic e w o r k e r s
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e t a il
tra d e
A ll
in d u s t r ie s 4
M anu
f a c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u t il it i e s 3
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e ta il
tra d e
100
100
100
100
2
31
67
-
82
3
12
4
-
25
9
48
7
6
4
1
------
100
100
100
100
100
100
U n d e r 37*/2 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------3 7 V2 h o u r s ____
_________________________________
O v e r 3 7 V2 and u n d e r 40 h o u r s _____________________
40 h o u r s ------------------------ --------------------------------------------O v e r 40 an d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------------4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 4 and u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s ------------------------------------48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 8 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------
1
4
1
-
-
6
15
-
-
-
82
2
2
3
4
2
96
3
87
5
3
6
64
6
18
11
1
20
5
69
1
2
1
A l l w o r k e r s ------------------------- -----------------------
1
2
3
4
5
6
---
-
55
2
3
8
8
4
(‘ )
(6 )
n
~
99
-
F in a n c e 5
100
4
32
14
50
-
-
S c h e d u le d h o u r s a r e th e w e e k l y h o u r s w h ic h a m a j o r i t y o f th e f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s w e r e e x p e c t e d to w o r k , w h e t h e r th ey w e r e p a id f o r a t s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e r a t e s .
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .
I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
17
Table B-4.
Paid Holidays
( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s t r ie s and in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s
p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s
I te m
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
A l l w o r k e r s ________________________ ________ ___________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
p a i d h o l i d a y s ________________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
no p a id h o l i d a y s ____________________________________
1
M anu
fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u tilitie s
2
O ffic e w o r k e r s
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e t a il
tra d e
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
3
M anu
fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u t ilit ie s
2
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e t a il
tra d e
F in a n e e
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
94
98
94
100
90
99
100
100
100
100
100
6
2
6
10
4
(5)
N u m ber o f days
L e s s th a n 5 h o l i d a y s ________________________________
5 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
5 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________
6 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
6 h o l id a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________
7 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________
7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 4 h a lf d a y s _________________________
8 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
8 h o l id a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________
9 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
1 0 h o l i d a y s _____________________________________________
T o t a l h o l id a y t im e
4
4
_
22
10
11
(5 )
8
(5 )
47
(5 )
6
-
65
-
17
4
37
5
-
5
44
3
27
16
8
1
1
_
2
64
34
11
1
7
9
9
68
2
2
9
1
1
2
-
-
41
52
59
10
24
37
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
(5)
(5)
"
1
-
2
1
-
-
-
15
15
56
56
65
65
99
99
99
99
99
28
28
80
81
-
2
-
-
-
10
.
.
1
2
-
-
1
2
-
-
11
14
14
79
79
85
85
94
97
97
98
98
d a y s __________________________________________________
d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
S l/z d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________
8 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
7 l/2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________
7 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
6 V2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________
6 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
5 V2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________
5 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
4 d a y s o r m o r e ________ _______________________________
3 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
2 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
1 d a y o r m o r e _________________________________________
(5 )
(5 )
13
28
-
21
10
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
4
6
9
w it h
4
-
-
-
1
21
2
1
-
12
(5)
49
7
15
-
5
-
10
1
45
5
29
-
11
58
59
67
67
89
92
92
93
94
21
26
62
5
5
22
66
22
83
83
94
94
94
94
94
48
51
95
100
100
100
100
1
1
-
15
15
17
19
82
86
88
88
90
_
88
88
99
100
100
100
100
21
10
4
4
5
-
6
22
10
-
6
81
83
91
91
100
100
100
100
100
20
24
24
29
31
99
99
99
99
100
44
44
50
50
99
100
100
100
100
20
49
53
98
100
100
100
100
1 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
3 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
5 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
6 A l l c o m b in a t i o n s o f fu l l and h a lf d a y s that add to the s a m e a m o u n t a r e c o m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 9 d a y s
9 f u l l d a y s and no h a lf d a y s , 8 fu l l d a y s and 2 h a lf d a y s , 7 fu l l d a y s and 4 h a lf d a y s , and s o o n .
P r o p o r t i o n s w e r e th en c u m u la t e d .
in c lu d e s
th o s e
18
Table B-5.
Paid Vacations1
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t an d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y
p r o v i s i o n s , B i r m i n g h a m , A la . , A p r i l 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s
V a c a t io n p o l i c y
A l l w o r k e r s . ______________ __________ . . . ______ ____
O ffic e w o r k e r s
R e t a il
tra d e
A ll
in d u s t r ie s 4
M anu
f a c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u t il it i e s 4
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e t a il
tra d e
F in a n c e 5
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
94
100
100
98
89
100
100
-
-
-
6
-
-
9
-
100
98
Z
-
100
100
-
99
99
1
-
100
100
-
-
-
-
99
99
-
z
(6)
18
5Z
5
3
5
46
Z
9
15
14
A ll
in d u s tr ie s 2
M anu
f a c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u tilitie s 3
100
100
100
99
94
3
Z
-
100
95
5
-
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
M eth od o f p a y m e n t
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
p a id v a c a t i o n s . . . . . . ------------------------- -----------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------- -------. . . - -------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t --------. . . ------------- -- — ----F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t . . . . . . _ _ -------------- -------O t h e r ...
____
_____________________
__________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
n o p a id v a c a t i o n s
. . . ----------------------------------
1
-
-
-
A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n pay 7
A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w eek
-------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 w e e k ----O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s
_ ____________ ______
Z w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------
7
31
8
3
8
10
-
-
-
-
1
84
3
10
91
4
5
-
-
69
9
ZZ
8Z
3
16
-
-
-
-
-
69
4
Z4
Z
86
Z
8
4
38
9
53
51
3
47
36
9
53
-
-
-
-
-
Z1
5
67
3
3
Z1
5
66
4
5
-
-
5
Z
84
3
5
3
-
9
9
-
(6 )
11
7
1Z
47
6
1
-
-
“
1
68
15
(6)
A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
U n d e r 1 w e e k --------------------------_.
. . . -----------1 w e e k __ ___ __ _ _ ----- — ----- _ __ —
.. ..
O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s
_
-- --------Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------
7
81
-
-
-
-
-
3Z
58
-
-
62
4Z
68
5
Z7
85
10
15
100
(6 )
ZO
14
64
Z
-
“
13
15
79
4
2
69
14
Z
Z3
4
73
21
5
68
-
-
6
9
74
14
3
1
1
99
-
14
86
-
19
81
-
94
6
Z
79
14
4
1
1
99
-
98
Z
5
88
7
"
"
88
3
4
6
Z
ZZ
Z1
5Z
Z
1
1
ZO
-
5
57
56
-
5
-
-
A fte r Z y e a rs of s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r Z w e e k s . . . ----- ------Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------. ...
O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s .. -------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------
1
-
Z8
-
-
12
94
-
6
-
A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s ---------------------------------------Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------- ------- . . . ----------- --------- -------------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------
3
6
88
3
-
Z8
7Z
-
Z3
7
67
-
(6 )
87
4
1
Z
87
4
5
6
91
3
-
5
9Z
15
7
69
1
88
7
"
-
4
Z
"
A fte r 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 an d u n d e r Z w e e k s __________ ____
_ _ _
Z w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------- ------------ -------3 w e e k s ---- ----------- ------------- -------------------------------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
3
“
5
-
A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k . . ________ _________ _____________ _ _ -----O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s __ ______________ ________
Z w e e k s --------- ------------ --- ---- - ----- ---O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s
. . ... ------ --3 w e e k s --------------------- ----- ---- ----4 w e e k s .. --------- -------- _ _ _
_ . _______ ___
O v e r 4 w e e k s ________ ___
___ __ _ __
S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e .
5
Z
33
7
49
3
"
3
.
Z8
9
56
6
Z6
3
65
-
5
-
5
-
65
10
17
3
15
7
40
-
36
-
1
43
7
46
3
(6 )
"
'
79
-
81
-
17
Z
-
-
-
38
38
6
-
19
Table B-5.
Paid Vacations1 Continued
—
(P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f p lant and o f fic e w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a c a tio n pay
p r o v is io n s , B irm in g h a m , A l a . , A p r il 1967)
O ffic e w o r k e r s
P la n t w o r k e r s
V a ca tio n p o lic y
M anu
A ll
in d u s trie s 1 fa ctu rin g
2
P u b lic
u t ilitie s 3
W h o le s a le
tra d e
R e ta il
trad e
A ll
M anu
in d u s tr ie s 4 fa c tu rin g
P u b lic
u t ilitie s 3
W h o le s a le
tra d e
R e ta il
tra d e
F in a n ce 5
A m ou n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 7— C ontinued
A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ... ------------- -------------------------------------- ---------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s --------------- ------ -------------2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s -------------------------- ------ —
3 w e e k s ----------------- --------------- ----------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s ----------------------------------------- ------ ------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------
5
2
29
5
52
3
3
-
3
24
6
57
5
5
-
6
6
8
80
-
5
65
27
3
-
15
7
40
36
-
5
2
19
1
65
2
5
-
3
14
1
72
4
6
6
2
3
77
11
5
42
50
3
1
21
66
5
6
-
-
-
15
7
29
46
-
5
2
17
1
49
2
19
3
3
11
1
64
4
12
5
6
2
3
17
71
5
42
_
36
15
7
29
22
-
-
14
3
24
5
2
17
1
18
2
47
7
3
11
,
1
16
4
55
11
5
_
36
39
16
3
15
7
29
22
24
5
2
17
1
18
3
11
1
16
4
6
5
-
55
2
22
7
52
15
2
1
1
15
84
-
_
80
18
2
-
5
_
57
_
38
-
_
56
_
38
6
-
-
(6 )
2
13
61
14
10
1
1
7
85
7
-
_
42
56
2
-
5
_
47
48
-
_
_
13
_
79
3
6
-
1
20
36
4
36
1
2
13
27
14
41
3
1
7
11
5
_
47
_
14
_
34
_
_
13
69
_
19
-
42
_
41
15
2
-
-
1
20
25
4
47
3
2
13
18
14
47
6
1
7
2
90
-
_
_
38
_
32
28
2
5
_
47
_
14
_
34
-
_
13
47
_
39
1
15
7
1
2
1
_
5
_
-
-
7
-
-
_
29
20
38
47
-
-
_
2
32
14
32
-
-
-
-
28
34
2
-
54
1
-
1
42
2
47
5
3
-
(6 )
A ft e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k - ________________ ___________________________
O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------2 w e e k s _____________________________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s -----------------------------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------ ---------—------ -------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s _____________________________________________
O v e r 4 w e e k s -----------------------------------------------------------A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k _______________________________________________
O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ________________________
2 w e e k s _____________________________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------------------- ------ ---------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------- ------- ----------------------
-
-
-
81
_
A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k __________________ ____________________________
O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------2 w e e k s _____________________________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ________________________
3 w eek s _____________________________________________
O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s — ------- --------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------
-
6
2
3
4
85
-
-
M a x im u m v a c a t io n a v a ila b le 8
1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ________ _______________
2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s _____ ______ ___________
4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------ ---------- --------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ---------- -------------------------------------------------
2
46
7
11
2
36
3
4
-
-
-
-
39
22
-
-
-
82
3
16
3
24
20
4
52
3
18
14
47
6
-
13
90
1
13
1 Includes b a s ic plans only.
E x c l u d e s p l a n s s u c h a s v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s and t h o s e p l a n s w h i c h o f f e r " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f i t s b e y o n d b a s i c p l a n s to w o r k e r s
w it h q u a l i f y i n g l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e .
T y p i c a l o f s u c h e x c l u s i o n s a r e p l a n s in th e s t e e l , a l u m i n u m , and c a n i n d u s t r i e s .
2
I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d i t i o n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
3
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .
4
I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d i t i o n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5
F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
6
L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
7
I n c l u d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r tha n " l e n g t h o f t i m e , " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n nu al e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d t o an e q u i v a l e n t t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e ,
a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a nn ua l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k ' s p a y .
P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n and d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t the i n d i v i d u a l p r o v i s i o n s
for p rogression s.
F o r e x a m p l e , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d i c a t e d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e i n c l u d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 an d 10 y e a r s .
E stim ates are
cum ulative.
T h u s , th e p r o p o r t i o n r e c e i v i n g 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r 5 y e a r s i n c l u d e s t h o s e w h o r e c e i v e 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .
8
F i g u r e s s h o w n a l s o i n d i c a t e th e p r o v i s i o n s a f t e r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .
Table B-6.
Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
( P e r c e n t o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g
h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f i t s , 1 B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s
T y p e o f b e n e f it
O ffice w o r k e r s
R e t a il
tra d e
A ll
in d u s t r ie s 4
M anu
f a c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u t ilit ie s 3
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
91
86
80
97
96
99
93
91
100
30
54
52
47
45
39
50
61
57
49
74
84
70
68
59
76
77
67
72
80
90
S ic k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ________
S ic k l e a v e ( f u ll p a y and n o
w a it in g p e r i o d ) - . _________ ___ ____________
S ic k le a v e ( p a r t ia l p a y o r
w a it in g p e r i o d ) _______________________________
61
80
31
48
19
35
66
14
41
32
16
14
11
20
19
25
52
58
26
47
27
75
9
4
37
7
16
11
3
34
4
23
8
H o s p i t a l iz a t io n in s u r a n c e ---------------------------- —
------------ —
S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e ---------------------M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e --------- ----------- --------------- -------C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------------------R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n ______________ _______________
N o h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p la n -----------
84
85
48
27
64
7
94
94
46
16
76
2
94
94
84
80
68
6
79
79
56
54
41
5
60
64
45
36
41
15
80
81
69
61
78
1
91
91
69
38
82
2
99
99
96
96
76
1
78
78
68
66
48
66
76
61
46
54
5
74
74
67
67
88
A l l w o r k e r s ________ ____ _________
A ll
in d u s t r ie s 2
____________________
M anu
fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u tilitie s 3
100
100
100
89
94
37
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
W h o le s a le
tra d e
R e ta il
tra d e
F in a n c e 5
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g :
L i f e i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------- ------------------A c c i d e n t a l d e a t h and d i s m e m b e r m e n t
in s u ra n ce
--------------------------------------------------------S ic k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r
s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 6 _______ ___________________
I n c lu d e s t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h at l e a s t a p a r t o f th e c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t t h o s e le g a ll y r e q u i r e d , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y ,
and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .
2 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5 F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
6 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w .
S ic k le a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y
e s t a b l i s h at l e a s t th e m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e .
I n f o r m a l s i c k le a v e a ll o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n a n in d iv i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
21
Table B-7.
Health Insurance Benefits Provided Employees and Their Dependents
( P e r c e n t o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g h e a lt h in s u r a n c e b e n e f it s
c o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir d e p e n d e n t s , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1 9 6 7 )
P la n t w o r k e r s
T y p e o f b e n e f i t , c o v e r a g e , an d fin a n c in g 1
A l l w o r k e r s ____________________________________________
A ll
in d u s t r ie s 1
2
M anu
fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u t ilit ie s 3
O ffic e w o r k e r s
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e t a il
tra d e
A ll
in d u s t r i e s 4
M anu
fa c t u r in g
P u b l ic
u t ilit ie s 3
W h o l e s a le
tra d e
R e t a il
tra de
F in a n e e 5
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
84
9
6
3
94
8
6
1
94
9
6
3
79
15
15
-
60
7
7
80
11
7
4
91
12
12
-
99
4
3
1
78
17
12
5
66
6
6
74
13
5
9
75
48
24
87
68
16
85
41
38
65
21
38
53
8
45
69
34
32
80
69
7
96
44
50
61
8
54
60
_
55
61
15
40
2
3
4
5
4
4
(6 )
5
6
(6 )
-
3
-
-
(6 )
-
1
-
-
-
85
10
6
4
94
8
6
1
94
9
6
3
79
15
15
-
64
11
11
81
12
7
5
91
12
12
-
99
4
3
1
78
17
12
5
76
16
_
16
74
13
5
9
75
48
24
87
68
16
85
41
38
65
21
38
53
8
45
69
34
32
80
69
7
96
44
50
61
8
54
60
_
55
61
15
40
2
3
4
5
4
4
5
6
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g ;
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e _______________________
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n ly
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir
d e p e n d e n t s ____________________________________
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r e m p lo y e e s ;
j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r d e p e n d e n t s _______
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ;
j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s _______
S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________________
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n l y ___________________
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d
_ _ _ _ _
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s an d t h e ir
d e p e n d e n t s _______________________ __________
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r e m p lo y e e s ;
jo in t ly fin a n c e d fo r d ep en d en ts
__
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ;
jo in t ly fin a n c e d fo r e m p lo y e e s
(6 )
-
3
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________________
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n l y ____
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir
d e p e n d e n t s ____________________________________
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
E m p l o y e r fi n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s ;
j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r d e p e n d e n t s _______
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ;
j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s _______
48
6
4
2
46
7
5
1
84
3
3
56
15
15
_
45
4
4
69
9
4
4
69
11
11
_
96
1
_
1
68
17
12
5
61
4
_
4
67
9
_
9
42
21
19
40
25
12
81
36
38
41
11
29
41
8
33
61
28
29
59
49
6
96
44
50
51
8
43
57
_
52
59
15
38
2
3
4
-
-
4
4
(6)
5
6
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ______ __ _
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n l y ___________________
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d
____
C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir
d e p e n d e n ts
__
E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________
J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d f o r e m p lo y e e s ;
j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r d e p e n d e n t s _______
E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ;
j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s ____ _
27
4
2
2
16
3
2
1
80
7
36
-
46
-
67
9
-
54
11
11
7
_
24
12
11
13
10
3
73
46
23
-
-
-
(6 )
(6)
(6)
3
(6 )
-
1
38
10
10
96
1
_
61
11
8
4
_
1
66
17
12
5
43
22
21
36
3
33
50
19
27
27
16
5
95
54
39
50
8
41
-
-
4
6
_
-
~
1
(6 )
(6 )
_
_
_
46
_
46
_
9
59
15
38
6
-
-
1 I n c l u d e s p la n s f o r w h ic h at l e a s t a p a r t o f th e c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r . S e e f o o t n o t e 1, t a b l e B - 6 . A n e s t a b l is h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s p r o v id i n g b e n e fit s
t o e m p l o y e e s f o r t h e i r d e p e n d e n t s i f s u c h c o v e r a g e w a s a v a il a b l e t o a t l e a s t a m a j o r i t y o f t h o s e e m p l o y e e s o n e w o u ld u s u a l ly e x p e c t t o h a v e d e p e n d e n t s , e . g . , m a r r i e d m e n ,
e v e n t h o u g h t h e y w e r e l e s s th a n a m a jo r i t y o f a ll p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
T h e e m p l o y e r b e a r s th e e n t ir e c o s t o f " e m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d " p la n s .
T h e e m p l o y e r and e m p l o y e e
s h a r e th e c o s t o f " j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d " p la n s .
2 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5 F i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
6 L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
22
Table B-8.
Premium Pay for Overtime Work
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t an d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s and in i n d u s t r y d i v is i o n s by o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y
p r o v is io n s , B irm in g h a m , A l a ., A p r il 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s
P r e m iu m pay p o lic y
A ll w o r k e r s
_
Manu
All
in d u str ies 1 facturing
O ffice w o rk e r s
P u blic
utilities 2
1
W holesale
trade
R etail
trade
All
industries 3
Manu
facturing
P u blic
u t il it i e s 2
W h olesale
trade
R etail
trade
100
F in a n e e 4
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
60
81
79
19
8
34
64
72
18
2
60
_ _
81
79
19
8
34
64
72
18
2
58
1
1
80
1
79
-
19
-
8
5
29
-
64
-
31
41
-
18
-
_
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40
19
21
81
92
36
28
82
100
D a i l y o v e r t i m e at p r e m i u m r a t e s
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ha v i n g
p r o v is i o n s fo r daily o v e r t i m e pay 5
at p r e m i u m r a t e s
T i m e and o n e - h a l f
Effective after:
7 V2 h o u r s
8 hours9 hours 10 h o u r s
_ -
-
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g no
p r o v i s i o n s f o r d a i l y o v e r t i m e pay
at p r e m i u m r a t e s 6
------
-
66
100
98
W e e k l y o v e r t i m e at p r e m i u m r a t e s
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a vi n g
p r o v i s i o n s f o r w e e k l y o v e r t i m e pa y 5
at p r e m i u m r a t e s
T i m e and o n e - h a l f
E ffective after:
36 V4 h o u r s
37 V h o u r s
2
_ .
_
__
38 3 h o u r s /4
_
_________
40 h o u r s
42 h o u r s ----- _
_ _
44 h o u r s ___
_ _ _ _ _
_
__
48 h o u r s _ __
_
_ _
__ __________
F luctuating w o rk w e e k p r i n c i p l e 8W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g no
p r o v i s i o n s f o r w e e k l y o v e r t i m e pa y
at p r e m i u m r a t e s 6__
1
2
3
4
5
95
100
97
100
83
99
99
100
100
93
100
95
100
97
100
83
97
99
100
100
93
95
90
100
-
-
-
-
-
100
-
99
-
_
31
69
-
-
91
-
1
6
3
87
1
2
4
8
81
-
_
_
-
_
5
_
79
_
9
-
-
_
-
-
5
(7 )
4
1
-
-
-
-
65
2
15
-
6
-
-
-
-
1
-
17
(7 )
100
-
_
1
I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .
I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s c o v e r e d b y l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e , e v e n th ou g h s u c h w o r k e r s a c t u a ll y d o n o t w o r k
o v e rtim e .
G r a d u a t e d p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y a r e c l a s s i f i e d u n d e r the f i r s t e f f e c t i v e p r e m iu m r a t e .
F o r e x a m p le , a p la n c a ll in g f o r t im e and o n e - h a l f a f t e r 8 and
dou ble; t im e a f t e r 10 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t im e and o n e - h a l f a ft e r 8 h o u r s .
S i m i l a r l y , a p la n c a llin g f o r no p a y o r p a y at a r e g u l a r r a t e a ft e r 35 h o u r s and t im e
and o n e - h a l f a f t e r 40 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t im e and o n e - h a l f a f t e r 40 h o u r s .
8 I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s e x e m p t f r o m l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d in g p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t i m e and w h e r e , a s a m a t t e r o f p o l i c y , o v e r t i m e is n o t
w ork ed .
7 B e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
8 U n d e r th e p r i n c i p l e o f the flu c t u a t in g w o r k w e e k , pa y f o r o v e r t i m e w o r k is d e t e r m in e d by d i v id in g the w e e k ly s a la r y b y the t o t a l n u m b e r o f h o u r s w o r k e d d u r in g
the w e e k (t o o b t a in the b a s e h o u r ly r a t e f o r the w e e k ) and then a p p ly in g the e s t a b l is h e d o v e r t i m e p a y r a t i o f o r o v e r t i m e h o u r s w o r k e d .
T h u s , th e h o u r ly r a t e o f p a y f o r
o v e r t i m e d e c r e a s e s a s the n u m b e r o f h o u r s w o r k e d i n c r e a s e s .
Appendix A.
Change in Occupational Description:
Secretary
Since the Bureau’s last survey, the occupational description for
secretary was revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific
categories.
zation and the scope of the supervisor’ s position are considered in dis
tinguishing these levels. Data published under the composite title of
secretary are not comparable to data previously published.
The revised descriptions for secretary (classes A, B, C, D) classify
these workers according to levels of responsibility. The size of the organi
The revised occupational descriptions are included in appendix B.
23
Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field
staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles
and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits
the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on
interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may
differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In
applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors,
apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary workers.
O F F IC E
BILLER, MACHINE
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than
an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter. May also keep records as to
billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental
to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are
classified by type of machine, as follows:
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher,
Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type
writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and
experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and familiarity with the
structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper
records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each
phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets,
and other records by hand.
Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing m a
chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices
from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping
memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined
discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary extensions,
which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and
totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The oper
ation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill
being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of
a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book
keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus
tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in
ventory control, etc.
May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills
as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the
simultaneous entry of figures on customers' ledger record. The m a
chine autom atically accumulates figures on a number of vertical
columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or
credit balances.
Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping.
Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant,
has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set
of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment's busi
ness transactions.
Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary
25
26
CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued
ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable;
examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting
distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper
assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and
closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks.
Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c
counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts
payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling
bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general
ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not
require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but
is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is
subdivided on a functional basis among several workers.
CLERK, FILE
Class A . In an established filing system containing a number
of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file m aterial
such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May
also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in con
junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file
clerics.
Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified m aterial by simple
(subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub
headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids.
As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards
m aterial. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain
and service files.
Class C . Performs routine filing of material that has already
been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi
fication system ( e .g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical).
As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards
m aterial; and may fill out withdrawal charge.
Performs simple
clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files.
CLERK, ORDER— Continued
to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled.
May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer,
acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see
that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original orders.
CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary
data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings
based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll
sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time,
rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes.
May use a calculating machine.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe
m atical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis
tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp
tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance
of other duties.
DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities,
reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a
Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for
ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare
stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters.
May sort, collate, and staple completed m aterial.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
CLERK, ORDER
Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by m ail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following:
Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items
Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina
tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu
ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower
level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application
27
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR— Continued
of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example,
locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts
information from several documents; and searches for and interprets
information on the document to determine information to be punched.
May train inexperienced operators.
Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures
or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched
cards.
Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination
keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards.
Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified
sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require
little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched.
Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information,
etc. , are referred to supervisor.
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating
minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing
m ail, and other minor clerical work.
SECRETARY
Assigned as personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main
tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day work
activities of the superj/isor. Works fairly independently receiving a mini
mum of detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and
secretarial duties, usually including most of the following: (a) Receives
telephone calls, personal callers, and incoming m ail, answers routine
inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries to the proper persons; (b)
establishes, maintains, and revises the supervisor's files; (c) maintains the
supervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays
messages from supervisor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, mem
oranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to
assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) performs stenographic
and typing work.
May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks of comparable
nature and difficulty.
The work typically requires knowledge of office
routine and understanding of the organization, programs, and procedures
related to the work of the supervisor.
SECRETARY— Continued
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above
characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the def
inition are as follows: (a) Positions which do not meet the "personal"
secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in
secretarial type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a
group of professional, technical, or managerial persons; (d) secretary posi
tions in which the duties are either substantially more routine or substan
tially more complex and responsible than those characterized in the def
inition; and(e) assistant type positions which involve more difficult or more
responsible technical, administrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical
duties which are not typical of secretarial work.
NOTE: The term "corporate officer," used in the level definitions
following, refers to those officials who have a significant corporate-wide
policymaking role with regard to major company activities. The title
"vice president, " though normally indicative of this role, does not in all
cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose primary responsibility
is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e. g. , approve or
deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts;
directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate
officers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
Class A
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a
company that employes, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,000 persons; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of
the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5, 000 but
fewer than 25,000 persons; or
c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the corporate
officer level) of a major segment or subsidiary of a company that employs,
in all, over 25, 000 persons.
Class B
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a
company that employs, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the
board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer
than 5,000 persons; or
28
SECRETARY— Conti nue d
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL— Continued
c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level)
over either a major corporate-wide functional activity (e. g. , marketing,
research, operations, industrial relations, etc. ) or a major geographic or
organizational segment (e. g. , a regional headquarters; a major division)
of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 2 5 ,0(X)
employees; or
May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine
clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include
transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator. )
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or
specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific re
search from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.
e.
Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational
segment (e. g. , a middle management supervisor of an organizational seg
OR
ment often involving as many as several hundred persons) of a company
Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde
that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons.
pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the
following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy;
Class C
and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures
and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures,
a. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon
files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties
sibility is not equivalent to one of the specific level situations in the def
and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling
inition for class B, but whose subordinate staff normally numbers at least
material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc. ; composing simple letters
several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational segments
from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and answering
which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level
routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.
includes a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc.
(or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, over 5,000
persons; or
two; or
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc.
(or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, fewer than
5, 000 persons.
Class A. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switch
board handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Performs full
telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference,
collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work
as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-tim e assignment.
("Full" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has
varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone informa
tion purposes, e. g. , because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and
consequently present frequent problems as to which extensions are appro
priate for calls. )
Class D
a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational
unit (e. g. , fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or
b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional
employee, administrative officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert.
(NOTE: Many companies assign stenographers, rather than secretaries as
described above, to this level of supervisory or nonsupervisory worker. )
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vo
cabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy.
Class B. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switch
board handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle
routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform lim ited telephone
information service. ("Limited" telephone information service occurs if the
functions of the establishment serviced are readily understandable for tele
phone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e. g. , giving
extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls
are referred to another operator. )
29
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator on a single position
or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or
perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or
clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at
switchboard.
TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued
specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and
some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work
unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive
operations.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
TABU LA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Class A . Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical account
ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator,
calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete
reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult
wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign
ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which
often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning
and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced oper
ator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine
operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams
and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not
include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations
and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of
tabulating-machine operators.
Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account
ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the
sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific
instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from
diagrams. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabulations
involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small
tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such
reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro
cedures are well established. May also include the training of new
employees in the basic operation of the machine.
Class C .
Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting
machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc. , with
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine
vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written
copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving
a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports
on scientific research are not included. A woiker who takes dictation in
shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer,
general.
TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make
out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in
clude typing of stencils, mats, or sim ilar materials for use in duplicating
processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such
as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis
tributing incoming m ail.
Class A . Performs one or more of the following: Typing m a
terial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from several
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu
ation, etc. , of technical or unusual words or foreign language m a
terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables
to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine
form letters varying details to suit circumstances.
Class B. Performs one or more of the following; Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies,
e t c .; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more
complex tables already setup and spaced properly.
30
PROFESSIONAL
DRAFTSMAN
AND
TECHNICAL
DRAFTSMAN
Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having
distinctive design features that differ significantly from established
drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator,
and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of
each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation
ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory
assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con
sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare
drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen.
Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments
that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech
niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares
working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple
functions, and precise positional relationships between components;
prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including
detail drawings of foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof.
Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations
to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities,
strengths, stresses, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements,
and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical
adequacy.
Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for
engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types
of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three
dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning
of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details
from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required.
MAINTENANCE
Continued
Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on
source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are
less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked
during progress.
DRAFTSMAN-TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing
cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not
include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and
a large scale not requiring close delineation.)
and/or
Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized itenis.
is closely supervised during progress.
Work
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edical
direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or
suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment.
Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill
or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping
records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation
or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations
of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs
involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en
vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety
of all personnel.
AND
POWERPLANT
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE—Continued
Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain
in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made
of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan
ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal
instructions; using a variety of carpenter's handtools, portable power tools,
and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations
relating to dimensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary for the
work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap
prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
31
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in
stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis
tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work
involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of
electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con
trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other
transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or
other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical
system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load
requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of
electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general,
the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, m a
chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools;
and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind
of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In
some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding m a
terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted
to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also performed by workers on a full-time basis.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of
stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the
establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or
air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines,
ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed
water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation
of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise
these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing
more than one engineer are excluded.
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages,
jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring
complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre
cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper
ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to
achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize
when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants
and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes,
machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex
cluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a m echanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water
and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom
equipment.
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of
metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work
involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci
fications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's
handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating
standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making
standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds,
and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the
common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re
quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical
equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded
training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap
prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
32
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
OILER
Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establisbment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle
and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto
motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur
faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling
machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools
in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items
obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a
machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major
repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro
duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and
making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of
a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex
perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary
duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout
are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying
out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a
variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re
lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining
and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and
parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general,
the millwright’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience
in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train
ing and experience.
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es
tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculi
arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush.
May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain
proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance
painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following:
Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings
or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct
lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting
machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven
or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening
pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures,
flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine
whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the
maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex
perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building
sanitation or heating systems are excluded.
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents
and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures;
and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general,
the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex
perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
33
TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued
SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal
equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves,
lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish
ment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out all
types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other
specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal
working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form
ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles
as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker
requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models,
blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a
variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instru
ments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and
alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment;
making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds,
feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabri
cation as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities;
working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed
tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and
processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded
training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker)
Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures
or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work in
CUSTODIAL
A ND
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in
tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.
MATERIAL
MOVEMENT
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued
Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apart
ment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers
who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of
starters and janitors are excluded.
or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following:
Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing
metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance
services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who
specialize in window washing are excluded.
GUARD AND WATCHMAN
Guard. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or
on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes
gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees
and other persons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting
property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial
LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman
or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store,
or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following:
Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight
cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing
materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting ma
terials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen,
who load and unload ships are excluded.
34
ORDER FILLER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
(Order picker, stock selector; warehouse stockman)
Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers'
orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in
dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform
other related duties.
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them
in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent
upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con
tainer employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of
items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following:
Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection
of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container;
using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing
and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on
container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible
for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work
involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available
means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods
shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges,
and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing
the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or
directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of
lading, Invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments;
and maintaining necessary records and files.
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m a
terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es
tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,
wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and
customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck
with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck
in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are
excluded.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and
type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the
basis of trailer capacity.)
Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1 V2 tons)
Truckdriver, medium (lV2 to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck,
as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
A v a ila b le On R e q u e s t----T h e s e v e n t h an n u al r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s ,
attorn eys, c h e m ists, en g in eers, engineering technicians, d raftsm en ,
t r a c e r s , jo b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s of p e r s o n n e l , m a n a g e r s o f o f f i c e
s e r v i c e s , b u y e r s , f r e i g h t r a t e c l e r k s , an d c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s .
O r d e r a s B L S B u l l e t i n 1535, N a t i o n a l
m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , an d ^ C l e r i c a l
50 c e n t s a copy.
Su rv ey of P r o f e s s i o n a l , AdPay, Feb ru ary — arch 1966.
M
☆ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1967 — 253-608/80
Area Wage Surveys
A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is
available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D .C ., 20402,
or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover.
Area
Bulletin number
and price
Akron, Ohio, June 1966 1_________________________________
AlbanyH Schenectady-Troy, N .Y ., Apr. 1967 ----------------Albuquerque, N. M e x ., A pr. 1967 _______________________
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.— .J .,
N
Feb. 1967 _________________________________________________
Atlanta, G a ., May 1966 1 _________________________________
B altim ore, M d ., Nov. 1966 1_____________________________
Beaumont—Port Arthur— range, T ex ., May 1966 1____
O
Birm ingham , A la ., A pr. 1967 1__________________________
Boise City, Idaho, July 1966 1-----------------------------------------Boston, M a s s ., Oct. 1966_____ ___________________________
15 3 0 -5 3 ,
1 4 6 5 -7 1 ,
1 5 3 0 -3 0 ,
1 4 6 5 -6 3 ,
15 3 0 -6 3 ,
1 5 3 0 -2 ,
1 5 3 0 -1 6 ,
Buffalo, N .Y ., D ec. 1966 1________________________________
Burlington, V t ., M ar. 1967 1 ____________________________
Canton, Ohio, A p r. 1967 __________________________________
C harleston, W. V a ., Apr. 1967 __________________________
C harlotte, N .C ., A pr. 1966 1
_____________________________
Chattanooga, T e n n .-G a ., Sept. 1966 1___________________
C hicago, 111., A p r. 1966 1 ________________________________
Cincinnati, Ohio— y.— d., M ar. 19 67 ________ _________
K
In
Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1966 1__________________________
C olum bus, Ohio, Oct. 1966 1--------------------------------------------D a lla s, T e x ., Nov. 1966 1________________________________
1 5 3 0 -3 8 ,
15 3 0 -5 2 ,
1 5 30 -5 8,
15 30 -6 1,
1 4 6 5 -6 7 ,
1 5 3 0 -8 ,
1 4 6 5 -6 8 ,
15 3 0 -5 6 ,
1 5 3 0 -1 3 ,
1 5 3 0 -2 0 ,
15 3 0 -2 5 ,
Rock Island—M oline, Iowa—
111.,
Davenport—
Oct. 1966 1________________________________________________
Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1967 __________________________________
D enver, C o lo ., D ec. 1966__________________________ -_____
D es M oin es, Iowa, Feb. 1 9 6 7 -----------------------------------------D etroit, M ich ., Jan. 1967 1 ______________________________
F ort Worth, T e x ., Nov. 1966 1___________________________
Green Bay, W i s ., Aug. 1966 1__________________________
G reen ville, S .C ., May 1966 1____________________________
Houston, T e x ., June 1966 1 ______________________________
Indianapolis, Ind., D ec. 1966____________________________
1 5 3 0 -1 9 ,
15 3 0 -4 5 ,
1 5 3 0 -3 2 ,
15 3 0 -4 4 ,
15 3 0 -4 8 ,
1 5 3 0 -2 8 ,
1 5 3 0 -5 ,
1 4 6 5 -7 4 ,
1 4 6 5 -8 5 ,
1 5 3 0 -3 7 ,
30cents
25cents
25 cents
25cents
30cents
30cents
25 cents
25 cents
30cents
25cents
15 3 0 -4 3 ,
15 30 -3 9,
1 5 3 0 -2 6 ,
14 6 5 -8 0 ,
1 5 3 0 -1 ,
20cents
25cents
25 cents
25cents
25cents
1 4 6 5 -5 9 ,
15 3 0 -4 9 ,
1 4 6 5 -7 9 ,
1 5 3 0 -4 ,
15 3 0 -4 0 ,
15 3 0 -3 1 ,
1 4 6 5 -8 4 ,
30cents
30cents
25cents
25 cents
25cents
25 cents
25cents
Jackson, M i s s ., Feb. 1 9 6 7 ______________________________
Jacksonville, F la ., Jan. 1967 1 __________________________
Kansas C ity, M o.— a n s ., Nov. 1966_____________________
K
Lawrence— averh ill, M a ss.—N .H ., June 1966 1 ----------H
Little Rock—
North Little Rock, A rk ., Aug. 1966 1------Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—
Santa A n aGarden G rove, C a lif., M ar. 1966 1
____________________
L o u isv ille, K y .-I n d ., Feb. 1967 1 _______________________
Lubbock, T e x ., June 1966 1------------------------------------- -------M anchester, N .H ., Aug. 1966 1--------------------------------------M em phis, Tenn.— r k ., Jan. 1967 ----------------------------------A
M iam i, F la ., D ec. 1966______________________________—----Midland and O d essa , T e x ., June 1966 1 ________________
1 4 6 5 -8 1 ,
15 3 0 -6 2 ,
1 5 3 0 -6 0 ,
Area
Bulletin number
and price
30cents Milwaukee, W is ., Apr. 1966_______________________________
25cents Minneapolis—
St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1967 1________________
20cents Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, M ich ., May 1966 1 _______
Newark and Jersey C ity, N .J ., Feb. 1967 ______________
25cents New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1967 ____________________________ _
30cents New O rlean s, L a ., Feb. 1967 1 ___________________________
30cents New Y ork, N .Y ., A p r. 1966 1______________________________
25cents Norfolk—
Portsmouth and Newport News—
30cents
Hampton, V a ., June 1966________________________________
25cents Oklahoma C ity, O k la ., Aug. 1966 1_______________________
25 cents
Omaha, N ebr.—
Iowa, Oct. 1966___________________________
30cents Pater son—
Clifton— a s s a ic , N .J ., May 1966 1 ___________
P
25cents Philadelphia, Pa.— .J ., Nov. 1966 1____ _________________
N
20cents Phoenix, A r i z ., M ar. 1967 ________________________________
20cents Pittsburgh, P a ., Jan. 1967 1 ______________________________
25cents Portland, Maine, Nov. 1966----------------------------------------------30cents Portland, O reg.—W ash., May 1966 1______________________
W
M
30cents Providence—Pawtucket— arwick, R .I.— a s s .,
25cents
May 1 9 6 6 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------30 cents
Raleigh, N .C ., Sept. 1966__________________________________
30 cents
Richmond, V a ., Nov. 1966_________________________________
30cents Rockford, 111., May 1966 1 ________________________________
1 4 65 -6 1,
15 30-42,
14 65-72,
1 5 30 -5 5,
1530 -4 1,
1530 -5 1,
1 4 65 -8 2,
20cents
30cents
25cents
25cents
25cents
30cents
40 cents
14 65-77,
15 30 -6 ,
20cents
25cents
1530 -1 8,
14 65 -7 6,
1530 -3 5,
15 30-59,
15 30-46,
15 30 -1 7,
14 65 -7 3,
25cents
25cents
35cents
20cents
30cents
20cents
25cents
14 65 -6 5,
1 5 30 -7 ,
15 30 -2 3,
1465 -6 6,
25cents
20cents
25cents
25cents
111., Oct. 1966 1___________________________
St. L ou is, M o.—
Salt Lake C ity, Utah, D ec. 1966 1________________________
San Antonio, T e x ., June 1 9 6 6 _____________________________
San Bernardino— iverside— ntario, C a lif.,
R
O
Sept. 1966__________________________________________________
San D iego, C a lif., Nov. 1966 1____________________________
San F ran cisco—
Oakland, C a lif., Jan. 1967 1______________
San Jose, C a lif., Sept. 1966_______________________________
Savannah, G a ., May 1966 1________ ._______________________
Scranton, P a ., Aug. 1966----------------------------------------------------Seattle—Everett, W ash ., Oct. 1966------------------------------------
15 30 -2 7,
1 5 30 -3 3,
1465 -7 8,
30cents
25cents
20cents
15 30 -1 4,
15 30 -2 4,
15 30 -3 6,
15 30 -1 0,
1465-69,
15 30 -3 ,
1530 -2 2,
25cents
25cents
30cents
20cents
25 cents
20cents
25cents
Sioux F a lls , S. D ak., Oct. 1966___________________________
South Bend, Ind., M ar. 1967 ______________________________
Spokane, W ash ., June 19 66________________________________
Tampa—
St. P etersbu rg, F la ., Sept. 1966 1 ______________
Toledo, Ohio—M ich ., Feb. 1967 1_________________________
Trenton, N .J ., D ec. 1966 1________________________________
Washington, D .C .—Md.— a ., Oct. 1966 1_________________
V
W aterbury, Conn., M ar. 1967 _____________________________
W aterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1966 1_______________________________
W ichita, K a n s., Oct. 1966 1________________________________
W o rce ste r, M a ss., June 1966 1___________________________
Y ork, P a ., Feb. 1967 .......................................................................
Youngstown— arren, Ohio, Nov. 1966----------------------------W
15 30 -1 2,
15 30-57,
14 65 -7 5,
15 30-9,
15 30-50,
1530 -3 4,
1530 -1 5,
1530 -5 4,
1530 -2 1,
1530 -1 1,
14 65 -8 3,
1530 -4 7,
1 5 30 -2 9,
20cents
20cents
20cents
25cents
30cents
25cents
30cents
20cents
25 cents
25cents
25cents
25cents
25cents
1
Data on establishment practices and supplementary’ wage provisions are also presented.
@FedFRASER