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A re a Wage S u rv e y The Birmingham, Alabama, Metropolitan Area April 1967 B u lle tin N o. 1 5 3 0 -6 3 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES J 3 ALASKA Area Wage Survey The Birmingham, Alabama, Metropolitan Area April 1967 Bulletin No. 1530-63 June 1967 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20 402 - Price 30 cents Contents Preface Page The B u reau of L abor S ta tistics p ro gram of annual occupational w age su rv e y s in m etropolitan a reas is d e signed to p rovide data on occupational earnin gs, and e s ta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem entary wage p r o v isio n s. It y ie ld s d eta iled data by se le c te d industry division s fo r each of the a r e a s studied, fo r geographic r eg io n s, and fo r the United S ta te s. A m a jo r con sideration in the p r o g r a m is the need fo r g re a te r in sigh t into (1) the m ovem ent of w ages by occu p ation al c a te g o r y and sk ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c ture and le v e l of w ages am ong a re as and industry d iv isio n s. A t the end of each su rvey , an individual area b u l letin p r e s e n ts su rv ey r e su lts for each area studied. A fte r com p letion of a ll of the individual a rea bulletins fo r a round of s u r v e y s , a tw o -p a r t su m m a ry bulletin is issu ed . The fir s t part b rin g s data fo r each of the m etropolitan a re a s studied into one bu lletin . The second part p rese n ts in fo r m ation which has been p ro jec ted fr o m individual m e t r o politan a re a data to r e la te to geographic regions and the United S ta te s. E ig h t y -s ix a r e a s cu rren tly are included in the p r o g r a m . In form ation on occupational earnings is c o llec ted annually in each a re a . Inform ation on establish m en t p r a c tic e s and su p p lem e n ta ry wage p ro vision s is obtained b ie n n ially in m o s t of the a r e a s . This b u lletin p re se n ts resu lts of the su rv ey in B irm in g h a m , A l a ., in A p r il 1967. The Standard M e tr o politan S ta tis tic a l A r e a , as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through A p r il 1966, c o n sists of J efferso n County. T h is study w as conducted by the B u re a u 's regional o ffice in A tla n ta , G a ., B ru n sw ick A . Bagdon, D ir e c to r ; by J e r r y G. A d a m s , under the d irection of J am es D. G arland. The study w as under the g e n e r a l direction of Donald M . C r u se , A s s is t a n t R egion al D ir e c to r for W ages a n d Industrial R e la tio n s. In tro d u ctio n _______________________________________________________________________ W age tren ds for selec ted occupational g r o u p s _____________________________ 1 4 T a b le s: 1. 2. A. B. E sta b lish m en ts and w o rk ers within scope of s u rv ey and num ber stu d ie d _________________________________________________________ Indexes of standard w eek ly s a la r ie s and s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly earnin gs for se le c te d occupational g ro u p s, and p erce n ts of change for s e le c te d p e rio d s___________________________ O ccupational e a r n in g s:* A - 1. O ffice occupations—m en and w o m e n __________________________ A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occupations—m en and women.... A - 3 . O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and tech n ica l occupations— m en and w om en c o m b in e d ____________________________________ A -4 . M aintenance and pow erplant o cc u p a tio n s___________________ A - 5. C u stodial and m a te r ia l m ovem en t occu p ation s_____________ E stab lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem en tary wage p r o v is io n s :* B -l. M in im u m entrance s a la r ie s fo r w om en office w o r k e r s_ _ B - 2 . Shift d iffe re n tia ls________________________________________________ B - 3 . Scheduled w eek ly h o u rs_________________________________________ B - 4 . Paid h o lid a y s _____________________________________________________ B - 5 . Paid v a c a tio n s____________________________________________________ B - 6 . H ealth, in su ra n ce, and pension p la n s _______________________ B - 7 . Health in surance b en efits provided em p lo y ee s and th eir dep en d en ts________________________________________________ B - 8 . P re m iu m pay for o v ertim e w o r k _____________________________ A p p e n d ix e s: A . Change in occupational d e sc rip tio n : S e c r e ta r y ____________________ B . O ccupational d e sc rip tio n s ______________________________________________ areas. * N O T E : S im ila r tabulations are availab le for other (See inside back c o v e r .) Union s c a le s , indicative of p rev ailin g pay le v e ls in the B irm in gh a m a re a , are a lso availab le for building c on stru ction ; printing; lo c a l-t r a n s it operating e m p lo y e e s; and m otortru ck d r iv e r s , h e lp e r s , and a llied occupations. 4 6 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 25 Area W age Survey----The Birmingham, Ala., Metropolitan Area Introduction T h is a re a is 1 of 86 in which the U .S . D epartm en t of L a b o r 's B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistic s conducts su rvey s of occu pation al earnings and rela te d b en efits on an areaw ide b a s is . In this a r e a , data w e re obtained by p e rso n a l v is its of Bureau field e c o n o m ists to r e p r e sen tative e s ta b lish m e n ts within six broad industry d iv isio n s: M an u fa ctu rin g; tra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s; w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin an ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in du stry groups excluded fro m these studies a re govern m en t o p era tio n s and the con struction and ex tra ctiv e in d u strie s. E s ta b lish m e n ts having few er than a p r e sc r ib e d num ber o f w o rk e rs a re o m itte d , b eca u se they tend to furnish in su fficien t em p loym en t in the occu pation s studied to w a rra n t in clu sion . Separate tabulations are provided fo r each o f the broad industry div isio n s which m ee t pub lic a tio n c r it e r ia . bon u ses and incentive earnings a re included. W h ere w eek ly hours are r e p o r te d , as for o ffic e c le r ic a l occu p ation s, r e fe r e n c e is to the stand a rd w orkw eek (rounded to the n e a r e s t h alf hour) for which em p loyees r e c e iv e their reg u lar stra ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu siv e o f pay for o v e r tim e at reg u la r a n d /o r p rem iu m r a te s ). A v e r a g e w eek ly earnings fo r th ese occupations have been rounded to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r. The a v e r a g e s p resen ted r e fle c t c o m p o s ite , areaw ide e s t i m a te s . In du stries and esta b lish m en ts d iffer in pay le v e l and job staffin g and, th us, contribute d iffe re n tly to the e stim a te s for each job. The pay rela tio n sh ip obtainable fr o m the a v e r a g e s m ay fa il to r e fle c t a cc u r a te ly the w age spread or d iffe re n tia l m aintained am ong jobs in individual esta b lish m e n ts. S im ila r ly , d iffe re n c e s in average pay le v e ls for m en and w om en in any o f the s e le c te d occupations should not be a ssu m e d to r e fle c t d iffe re n ce s in pay treatm en t of the sex es within individual e sta b lish m e n ts. Other p o ssib le fa c to r s which m ay contribute to d iffe re n c e s in pay for m en and w om en include: D iffe r en ces in p r o g r e s s io n within esta b lish e d rate r a n g e s , since only the actu al ra te s paid incum bents a re c o lle c te d ; and d iffe re n ce s in sp ecific duties p e r fo r m e d , although the w o rk e rs a re a p p rop ria tely c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e su rvey job d e sc rip tio n . Job d escrip tion s used in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y ee s in these su rv ey s a re u su ally m ore g en eralized than those u sed in individual esta b lish m en ts and allow for m inor d iffe re n c e s am on g esta b lish m en ts in the sp e c ific duties p e rfo rm ed . T h ese su r v e y s a re conducted on a sam ple b a sis b ecau se of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t involved in su rveyin g a ll esta b lish m e n ts. To obtain optim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t, a g reater proportion of la rg e than o f s m a ll esta b lish m en ts is studied. In com bin in g the data, h o w ev er, a ll e sta b lish m e n ts a re given their appropriate w eight. E s tim a te s b a se d on the esta b lish m en ts studied are p re se n te d , th e r e fo r e , as rela tin g to a ll esta b lish m e n ts in the industry grouping and a r e a , excep t for those below the m in im u m size studied. O ccu p ation s and E a rn in g s * 3 The occu p ation s se le c te d for study are c o m m o n to a v a riety of m an u factu rin g and nonm anufacturing in d u stries, and a re o f the fo llow in g typ es: (1) O ffic e c le r ic a l; (2) p r o fe ssio n a l and tech n ical; (3) m ain ten an ce and pow erplant; and (4) custodial and m a te r ia l m o v e m en t. O ccu p ation al c la s s ific a tio n is b ased on a u n ifo rm set of job d e s c rip tio n s d esign ed to take account of in te re sta b lish m e n t variatio n in duties w ithin the sa m e jo b . The occupations se le c te d for study a re liste d and d e sc r ib e d in appendix B . The earnings data follow in g the job title s a re fo r a ll in d u stries com bined. E arn in gs data fo r so m e of the o ccu p ation s liste d and d e sc rib e d , or for som e industry d iv isio n s w ithin o cc u p a tio n s, a re not presen ted in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s , b ecau se eith er (1) e m p lo y m en t in the occupation is too s m a ll to provide enough data to m e r it p r e se n ta tio n , or (2) there is p o ssib ility of d isc lo su r e of individual e sta b lish m e n t data. O ccu pation al em p loym en t e stim a te s r e p r e se n t the total in a ll e sta b lish m en ts w ithin the scop e of the study and not the num ber a ctu ally su rv ey ed . B ec a u se of d iffe re n c e s in occupational structure am on g e s ta b lish m e n ts, the e stim a te s of occu pation al em ploym ent o b tained fr o m the sam p le of e sta b lish m en ts studied s e r v e only to indicate the re la tiv e im portan ce of the jo b s studied. T h ese d iffe re n ce s in occu p ation al stru ctu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a ccu ra cy of the earnin gs data. E sta b lish m e n t P r a c tic e s and Supplem entary W age In form ation is p resen ted (in the B - s e r i e s tables) on selected e sta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem entary wage p ro vision s as they re late to plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s . A d m in is tr a tiv e , ex ecu tiv e, and pro fe s s io n a l em p lo y ee s , and fo r c e -a c c o u n t con stru ction w o rk ers who a re u tiliz ed as a sep arate w ork fo r c e a re excluded. "P la n t w o r k e r s " in clude w orking fo r e m e n and a ll n o n su p erv iso ry w o rk e rs (including le a d m e n and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice fu n ction s. "O ffic e w o r k e r s " O ccu p ation a l em p loy m en t and earnings data a re shown for fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , those hired to w ork a reg u lar w eek ly schedule in the given occu p ation al c la ssific a tio n . Earnings data exclude p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and for w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid a y s, and late s h ifts . N onproduction bonuses a re exclu ded, but c o s t -o f -l iv i n g P ro v isio n s 1 2 include w orking s u p e rv iso r s and n o n su p erv iso ry w o r k e r s p e rfo rm in g c le r ic a l or rela te d fu n ction s. C a feteria w o r k e r s and rou tem en a re excluded in m an u factu rin g in d u strie s, but included in nonm anufacturing in d u s trie s . M in im u m entrance s a la r ie s for w om en o ffic e w o rk e rs (table B - l ) rela te only to the e sta b lish m en ts v isite d . They a re p resen ted in term s of esta b lish m en ts with fo r m a l m in im u m entrance sa la r y policies. Shift d iffe re n tia l data (table B -2 ) a re lim ite d to plant w o rk ers in m anufacturing in d u strie s. This in fo rm a tio n is presen ted both in te r m s of (1) esta b lish m e n t p o lic y , 1 p resen ted in te r m s o f total plant w orker em p loy m en t, and (2) effectiv e p r a c tic e , presen ted in te r m s of w o rk ers a ctu ally em p loyed on the sp e c ified shift at the tim e of the su rvey . In esta b lish m en ts having v aried d iffe r e n tia ls, the am ount applying to a m a jo r ity was used o r , if no am ount applied to a m a jo r ity , the c la s s ific a tio n " o t h e r " w as u sed . In esta b lish m en ts in which som e la te -s h ift hours a re paid at n o rm a l r a t e s , a d iffe re n tia l w as reco rd e d only if it applied to a m a jo r ity of the shift h ou rs. The scheduled w eek ly hours (table B -3 ) of a m a jo r ity of the f i r s t -s h i f t w o rk e rs in an esta b lish m en t a re tabulated as applying to a ll of the plant or office w o rk ers of that esta b lish m en t. Scheduled w eekly hours a re those which fu ll-tim e em p lo y ee s w ere expected to w ork, whether they w ere paid for at str a ig h t-tim e or o v e rtim e r a te s . Paid h olid ay s; paid vacation s; health , in su ra n c e, and pension plans; and p rem iu m pay for o v ertim e w ork (tables B - 4 through B -8 ) are treated s ta tis tic a lly on the b a sis that these a re applicable to a ll plant or office w o rk e rs if a m a jo r ity of such w o rk ers a re elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify for the p ra ctic e s liste d . Sums of individual item s in tables B - 2 through B - 8 m ay not equal totals becau se of rounding. Data on paid holidays (table B -4 ) a re lim ited to data on h o li days granted annually on a fo r m a l b a s is ; i. e. , (1) a re provided for in w ritten fo r m , or (2) have been esta b lish e d by c u sto m . H olidays o rd in a rily granted a re included even though they m ay fa ll on a non w orkday, even if the w o rk er is not granted another day o ff. The fir s t part of the paid holidays table p r ese n ts the num ber of whole and h alf holidays a ctu ally granted. The second part com b in es whole and half holidays to show total holiday t im e . The su m m a ry of vacation plans (table B -5 ) is lim ite d to f o r m al p o lic ie s , excluding in fo rm a l a rra n g em en ts w h ereby tim e off with pay is granted at the d isc r e tio n of the e m p lo y e r . E stim a te s exclude v a c a tio n -sa v in g s plans and those which o ffer "e x te n d e d " or "s a b b a t i c a l " b en efits beyond b asic plans to w o r k e r s with qualifying lengths of s e r v ic e . T y p ical of such ex clu sio n s a re plans in the s t e e l, alu m in u m , and can in d u strie s. Separate e stim a te s a re provided a cc o rd in g to em p loyer p ra ctic e in com puting vacation p a y m e n ts, such as tim e pa y m e n ts , p ercen t o f annual e a r n in g s, or fla t -s u m a m ou n ts. H ow ev er, in 1 An establishment was considered as having a policy if conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in late shifts. the tabulations o f vacation pay, paym ents not on a tim e b a s is w e re c o n verted to a tim e b a s is ; for e x a m p le , a paym ent o f 2 p ercen t of annual earnings was con sidered as the equ ivalent o f 1 w e e k 's pay. Data are presen ted for a ll h ealth , in su ra n c e , and pension plans (tables B -6 and B -7 ) for which at le a s t a part of the c o st is borne by the e m p lo y e r , excepting only le g a l re q u ire m e n ts such as w o r k m e n 's com p en sation , s o c ia l s e c u r ity , and r a ilro a d r e tir e m e n t. Such plans include those un derw ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ran ce com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d ir e c tly by the em p lo y er out of cu rren t operatin g funds or fr o m a fund s e t a sid e for this purpose. Selected health in su ra n ce b en efits provided e m ployees and their dependents a re a ls o p r e se n te d . Sickn ess and accident in su ran ce is lim ite d to that type of insurance under which pred eterm in ed cash paym ents a re m ade d ir e c tly to the in su red on a w eekly or m onthly b a s is during illn e s s or accid en t d isa b ility . Inform ation is p resen ted for a ll such plans to which the em p loy er con trib u tes. H ow ever, in New Y o rk and New J e r s e y , which have enacted tem porary d isa b ility in su ra n ce laws which req u ire e m ployer c o n tr ib u tio n s,2 plans a re included only if the em p lo y er (1) c o n 3 tributes m o re than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , or (2) p ro vid es the em p loy ee with benefits which exceed the req u ire m e n ts o f the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are lim ite d to fo r m a l plans 3 w hich provide fu ll pay or a proportion of the w o r k e r 's pay during a b se n ce fr o m w ork b ecau se of illn e s s . Separate tabulations a re p rese n te d a cc o rd in g to (1) plans which provide full pay and no w aiting p e rio d , and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a w aiting p erio d . In addition to the presen tation of the proportion s of w o r k e r s who a re provided sic k n e ss and accident insurance or paid sic k le a v e , an unduplicated total is shown of w o rk ers who r e c e iv e eith er or both types of b en efits. Catastrophe in su ran ce, s o m e tim e s r e fe r r e d to as extended m ed ic a l in su ra n ce, includes those plans which a re d esign ed to p ro te ct em p lo y ee s in case of sick n ess and injury in volvin g ex p e n ses beyond the n o rm a l coverage of h osp ita liza tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l plan s. M e d ic a l insurance r e fe r s to plans providin g fo r c om p lete or p a rtia l paym ent of d o c to r s' fe e s . Such plans m ay be un derw ritten by c o m m e r c ia l insurance com panies or n onprofit o rg an iza tio n s or they m ay be s e lf-in s u r e d . Tabulations of r e tir e m e n t pen sion plans a re lim ite d to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents for the rem a in d e r of the w o r k e r 's life. Data on o vertim e prem iu m pay (table B - 8 ) , the hours a fter which prem iu m pay is rec eiv ed and the c o rresp o n d in g rate of pay, a re presen ted by daily and w eekly p r o v is io n s . D a ily o v e rtim e r e fe r s to w ork in e x c e ss of a sp e cified n u m ber of hours a day r e g a r d le s s of the num ber o f hours w orked on other days o f the pay p e rio d . W eek ly o v e rtim e r e fe r s to w ork in e x c e s s o f a sp e c ifie d num ber o f hours per w eek r e g a r d le ss of the day on w hich it is p e r fo r m e d , the num ber of hours per day, or num ber o f days w orked . 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer it met either of the following contributions. formal provisions covering 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the if it (1) had operated late minimum number of days of sick leave available to each employee. Such a plan need not be written form for operating written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded. 3 T able 1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e of s u r v e y and n u m b e r s t u d ie d in B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , 1 b y m a j o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , 2 A p r i l 1967 N u m ber of establishm ents Industry d iv isio n M inim um em ploym ent in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f st ud y W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s W i t h i n s c o p e o f st u d y W i t h in s c o p e of study3 St udi ed T otal4 S t ud ie d P la n t Number Percent T otal4 48 4 156 109,600 100 75,300 16,900 71,110 50 - 182 302 51 105 59,700 4 9,900 54 46 4 6,500 28,800 5,400 11,500 40 , 260 30, 850 50 50 50 50 50 46 68 102 44 42 21 22 29 19 14 13, 700 6, 800 16,200 7, 500 5, 700 13 6 15 7 5 6, 700 4, 600 13,300 6 200 A l l d i v i s i o n s ____________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 --------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ___________________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e -------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e _________ S e r v i c e s 7 ___________________________________________ O ffice (8) 2, 1, 1, 5, 600 200 500 300 (8 ) 11,320 2, 920 8, 690 5, 360 2, 560 1 T h e B i r m i n g h a m S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , as d e f i n e d b y the B u r e a u o f the B u d g e t t h r o u g h A p r i l 196 6, c o n s i s t s o f J e f f e r s o n C ou n t y . T h e " w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e of st u d y" e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in th is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n of the s i z e and c o m p o s i t i o n o f the l a b o r f o r c e i n c l u d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e not i n te n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t i n d e x e s f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1) pl a n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s the u s e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t data c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , and (2) s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d i t i o n o f the S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l and the 1963 S u p p l e m e n t w e r e u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . 3 I n c l u d e s a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t ot al e m p l o y m e n t at or a b o v e the m i n i m u m li m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s as t r a d e , f i n a n c e , auto r e p a i r s e r v i c e , and m o t i o n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d as 1 e s t a b l i s h m e n t . 4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m the s e p a r a t e pl ant and o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s . 5 T a x i c a b s and s e r v i c e s i n c i d e n t a l to w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d . A n u m b e r of e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s ( s u p p l y i n g l e s s than h a lf the e l e c t r i c c o n s u m p t i o n in J e f f e r s o n County ) w e r e p u b l i c l y o w n e d an d e x c l u d e d b y d e f i n i t i o n f r o m the s c o p e o f the study. 6 E s t i m a t e r e l a t e s to r e a l e s t a t e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o n l y . W o r k e r s f r o m the e n t i r e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in the S e r i e s A t a b l e s , but f r o m the r e a l e s t a t e p o r t i o n on l y in " a l l i n d u s t r y " e s t i m a t e s in the S e r i e s B t a b l e s . 7 H o t e l s ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i l e r e p a i r s h o p s ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ( e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s and c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; and e n g i n e e r i n g and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . 8 T h i s i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " and " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in the S e r i e s A t a b l e s , and f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in the S e r i e s B t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n of d a t a f o r th is d i v i s i o n is not m a d e f o r one o r m o r e of the f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p l o y m e n t in the d i v i s i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h data to m e r i t s e p a r a t e st ud y, (2) the s a m p l e w a s not d e s i g n e d i n i t i a l l y to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , (3) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , and (4) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e of i n d iv i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t data. O v e r ha lf of the w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in the B i r m i n g h a m a r e a w e r e e m p l o y e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g f i r m s . T h e f o l l o w i n g ta b l e p r e s e n t s the m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s and s p e c i f i c i n d u s t r i e s as a p e r c e n t o f all m a n u f a c t u r i n g : Industry g roup s S p ec ific in dustries P r i m a r y m e t a l s __________________ 44 F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ____ 12 E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ___________ 10 F o o d p r o d u c t s ____________________ 9 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t _____ 5 Sto ne, c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s -------------------------------------4 B la s tfu rn a ce s , steelworks, and r o l l i n g and fi n i s h i n g m i l l s ______________________________ 33 I r o n and s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ________ 10 C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u i p m e n t _____ 8 F a b rica ted structural metal p r o d u c t s _________________________ 8 R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t ______________ 4 T h is i n f o r m a t i o n is b a s e d on e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e m a t e r i a l s c o m p i l e d p r i o r to a c t u a l s u r v e y . P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t i o n s b a s e d on the r e s u l t s o f the s u r v e y as s h o w n in ta bl e 1 a b o v e . 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e se n te d in table 2 a re in dexes and p e rce n ta ge s of change in a vera ge s a la r ie s of o ffic e c le r ic a l w o rk e rs and in d u stria l n u r s e s , and in a v era g e earnings of selec ted plant w o rk er g ro u p s. The indexes are a m e a su re of w ages at a given tim e , e x p r e sse d as a percen t of w ages during the b a se p erio d (date of the a re a su rvey conducted between July I960 and June 1961). Subtracting 100 fr o m the index yields the percen tage change in w ages fr o m the b a se p erio d to the date o f the index. The p e rc e n ta g e s of change or in c r e a s e rela te to wage changes betw een the indicated d a tes. T h e se e stim a te s a re m e a su re s o f change in a v era g e s fo r the a r e a ; they a re not intended to m ea su re avera ge pay changes in the e sta b lish m en ts in the a r e a . Method of Computing in the occupational group. T h ese constant w eigh ts r e fle c t b a se y e a r em p loym en ts w h erever p o s s ib le . The a v e r a g e (m ean) earnin gs fo r each occupation w ere m u ltip lied by the occu pation w eigh t, and the produ cts fo r all occupations in the group w e r e totaled . The a g g re g a te s fo r 2 con secutive y e a r s w ere rela te d by dividing the a gg re ga te fo r the la te r y ea r by the a ggregate fo r the e a r lie r y e a r . The resu ltan t r e la tiv e , le s s 100 p ercen t, shows the p e rc e n ta g e change. The in dex is the product of m ultiplying the b a se y e a r re la tiv e (100) by the r e la tiv e fo r the next succeeding y ear and continuing to m u ltip ly (com pound) each y e a r 's rela tiv e by the p rev iou s y e a r 's in dex. A v e r a g e earn in gs fo r the follow ing occupations w ere u sed in com puting the wage tre n d s: Each of the se le c te d key occupations within an occupational group w as a ssig n e d a weight b ased on its proportion ate em ploym en t Office clerical (men and women): Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B Clerks, accounting, classes A and B Clerks, file, classes A, B, and C Clerks, order Clerks, payroll Comptometer operators Keypunch operators, classes A and B Office boys and girls NOTE: Office clerical (men and women)— Continued Stenographers, general Stenographers, senior Switchboard operators, classes A and B Tabulating-machine operators, class B Typists, classes A and B Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists Mechanics Mechanics (automotive) Painters Pipefitters Tool and die makers Industrial nurses (men and women): Nurses, industrial (registered) Unskilled plant (men): Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling Secretaries, included in the list of jobs in all previous years, are excluded because of a change in the description this year. Table 2. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Birmingham, A la. , April 1967 and April 1966, and percents of change1 for selected periods Indexes (April 1961=100) Industry and occupational group April 1967 April 1966 Percents of change 1 April 1966 to April 1967 April 1965 to April 1966 April 1964 to April 1965 April 1963 to April 1964 April 1962 to April 1963 April 1961 to April 1962 April 1960 to April 1961 All industries: Office clerical (men and w om en )--------Industrial nurses (men and w om en )------Skilled maintenance (m en)-------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )---------------------------- 119. 1 112.5 115. 3 115. 8 114.8 1 10.4 113. 1 114. 1 3 .8 1 .9 2 .0 1 .5 4 .4 3. 9 4. 3 4. 4 2 .0 2 .0 - .2 2 .7 1 .5 .5 2 .6 1.2 2 .7 .5 . 7 1.3 3. 4 3. 1 5. 1 3 .8 2 .6 1 .6 3 .2 1.5 Manufacturing: Office clerical (men and w om en )--------Industrial nurses (men and w om en )------Skilled maintenance (men)-------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )---------------------------- 111.6 109.8 114.2 115.2 1 09.4 108.2 112.4 11 1 .7 2 .0 1 .4 1. 6 3. 1 4 .9 3. 5 4. 1 1. 5 .5 1.5 -.5 3 .5 -.3 -. 5 2 .3 1 .4 1.9 - . 5 .4 2. 1 2 .3 4 .0 5 .6 2. 7 2 .7 1.5 3 .0 .2 A ll changes are increases unless otherwise indicated. 5 F o r o ffic e c le r ic a l w o rk ers and indu strial n u r s e s , the wage trends r e la te to w eek ly s a la r ie s fo r the n orm al w orkw eek , ex clu siv e of earnin gs at o v e r tim e p rem iu m r a te s . For plant w o rk er g rou p s, they m e a s u r e changes in a verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly ea rn in g s, excluding p r e m iu m pay for o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid a y s, and la te sh ifts. The p ercen ta ges a re b ased on data for s e le c te d key o ccu p ation s and include m o st of the n u m e ric a lly im portant jo b s w ithin each group. Changes in the la b or fo rc e can cau se in c r e a s e s or d e c re a se s in the occupational a v e r a g e s without actual w age ch an g es. It is conceivable that even though a ll esta b lish m e n ts in an a re a gave wage in c r e a s e s , a vera ge w ages m ay have declin ed b ecau se lo w e r-p a y in g establish m en ts entered the a re a or expanded th eir w ork fo r c e s . S im ila rly , w ages m ay have rem ain ed r e la tiv e ly con stan t, yet the a v era g e s for an a rea m ay have r ise n c o n sid e ra b ly b ecau se h igh e r-p a yin g establish m en ts entered the a r e a . L im ita tio n s of Data The in dexes and p ercen ta ges of change, as m e a su r e s of change in a re a a v e r a g e s , are influenced by: (l) gen eral sa la r y and w age c h a n g es, (2) m e r it or other in c r e a se s in pay r e c e iv e d by individual w o r k e r s w hile in the sam e jo b , and (3) changes in a verage w ages due to changes in the labor fo r c e resulting fr o m lab or turn o v e r , fo r c e e x p a n sio n s, fo r c e red u ction s, and changes in the p r o p o r tion s of w o r k e r s em p loy ed by esta blish m en ts with d ifferen t pay le v e ls . The u se of constant em p loym en t w eights elim in a tes the effect o f changes in the proportion o f w o r k e r s rep resen ted in each job included in the data. The p e rc e n ta g e s of change re fle c t only changes in a vera ge pay for stra ig h t-tim e h o u r s. They a re not influenced by changes in standard w ork s c h ed u les, as such, or by prem iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e . Data w e re adju sted w h ere n e c e s s a r y to rem ove fro m the indexes and p e rce n ta ge s of change any sign ifican t effect caused by changes in the scope of the su rv e y . 6 A, Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A la ., A p r i l 1967) W eekly earnings1 (standard) Number of workers Average weekly hours1 ( standard) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y ea r n i n g s of— $ $ $ M ean 2 M edian 2 Middle range 2 $ 50 Under $ and 50 und er 55 55 Sex, occ up a tio n, artd in du st r y d i v is i o n 60 60 65 70 - - - - - - 65 $ 70 % 75 $ 80 % $ 85 90 S 95 ICO % 105 % t 110 $ 115 $ 120 S $ 125 130 135 % 140 $ 150 and 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 15 0 oyer 1 1 1 9 11 10 10 2 2 - 5 1 15 14 11 8 - 1 7 3 2 1 6 9 7 3 19 17 23 - - - 5 3 1 - - 3 3 5 - 2 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 _ 14 1 - _ _ - - 6 5 4 1 - 3 3 2 1 11 6 2 8 8 6 6 4 4 9 9 9 12 - 9 9 9 _ - _ - - - _ ~ 2 2 2 2 3 3 - - _ - “ ~ MEN $ $ 1 28.00 131.50 134 .50 1 36.00 116 .00 119.00 $ $ 1 18 .00-145.50 1 30 .00-147.50 9 9.5 0 -1 2 5 .5 0 A 82 42 3 9.5 3 9.5 40.0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING ------------------- 46 28 4 0.0 4 3.0 9 2.0 0 9 0.50 9 1.00 9 1.00 8 6.5 0 -1 0 2 .0 0 8 1 .0 0 -1 0 4 .5 0 _ - _ 2 - - 2 1 CLERKS, ORDER -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------- 101 96.00 96.00 9 8.5 0 99.00 9 9.50 100.50 8 6 .0 0-10 8.0 0 8 6 .5 0 -1 1 2 .0 0 8 8 .0 0 -1 1 3 .0 0 _ - - “ 3 3 - 1 74 70 40.0 40.0 40.0 2 2 2 CLERKS, PAYROLL --------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 29 27 40.0 40.0 120.00 115.00 114.00 106 .00 -1 32 .50 105 .00 -1 37 .50 OFFICE BOYS -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------FINANCE 3---------------------------------- 77 57 27 3 9.5 39.0 3 8.5 67.00 61.00 6 2.50 6 2.00 5 8.50 57.5057.0055.5 0- TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------------------------------- 35 39.5 9 6.0 0 9 7.00 9 1 .0 0 -1 0 0 .0 0 BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE) ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING--------------------- 48 40 39.5 39.5 6 8 .0 0 6 6 .0 0 67.00 64.00 60.5 05 9.5 0- 7 7.00 76.00 “ BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) ---------------------------------------— NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------- 34 27 3 8.0 39.0 70.00 67.00 77.50 66.50 5 8 .0 0 5 7.00- 8 3.00 8 2.00 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------- 63 26 37 4 0.0 40.0 40.0 91.50 97.00 9 2.00 10 1.00 8 8 .0 0 87.50 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A MANUFACTURING ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------- 12 119.50 6 8 .0 0 79.50 7 9.00 64.00 2 - 1 - 1 - 12 2 2 - 5 5 5 11 11 2 2 2 2 _ “ _ “ 2 2 6 6 2 2 2 1 3 _ 2 6 6 25 19 17 - 11 4 3 3 3 “ 6 11 5 1 1 1 1 4 2 6 6 4 2 2 1 - _ - _ - - “ 2 4 1 1 ~ ~ ~ 1 1 2 2 13 2 2 ” 3 10 4 4 1 1 - 1 16 16 16 1 1 5 5 4 - - 5 5 14 - 22 - _ - - 3 1 6 - - W OMEN BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------------FINANCE 3 ------------------------------------- 177 39 138 46 28 51 4 0.0 40.0 4 0 .C 40.0 40.5 4 3 .C CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A — MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 4 ----------------- 199 49 140 52 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B — MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------------FINANCE 3 ------------------------------------- 5 89 175 414 59 34 98 See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . 2 2 9 9 12 12 4 4 4 13 2 1 2 10 “ ” 3 3 9 9 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 15 ~ 1 1 8 2.0 0-10 2.5 0 8 5.00-1C 4 .0 0 8 0 .5 0 - 94.50 _ _ _ 5 5 1 ” 2 - 1 ” - - 16 7 9 65.0 06 8.0 063.0 06 5.5 05 7 .5 0 6 7.5 0- _ 4 18 - - - 18 7 2.50 79.50 7 1.00 71.50 64.50 73.50 71.50 7 5.00 71.00 7 1.00 63.00 7 3.00 4 3.0 40.0 39.5 39.5 103.50 105.50 1 03.00 1 0 1.00 101.00 102.00 12 1.00 120.50 8 9.0 0-11 7.0 0 9 0 .5 0-11 9.5 0 9 8 .0 0-11 5.0 0 108 .50 -1 37 .00 39.0 43.0 38.5 40.0 39.0 39.0 80.00 78.50 8 1.00 8 3.50 7 51 0 0 70.00 78.00 7 8.00 7 9.00 8 2.50 7 7 . 50 67.50 7 0 .5 0 - 9 1.50 7 2 .0 0 - 8 5.00 6 9 .0 0 - 92.50 7 1 .5 0 - 99.00 6 5 .0 0 - 83.50 6 2 .5 0 - 75.50 79.00 8 8.50 77.00 78.50 7 3.50 79.50 _ - 4 - - - 4 - 2 1 36 16 21 20 22 1 35 3 32 1 8 24 10 1 4 23 6 3 1 2 18 7 6 6 5 7 11 6 11 3 11 1 - 6 6 7 16 8 2 _ - 7 7 3 3 “ 17 17 - 27 65 a 57 7 7 24 52 P 43 4 4 25 108 41 67 14 3 71 36 35 66 12 12 9 3 2 1 10 1 ” _ - - _ - _ - 1 1 6 _ 1 - ” 5 ~ ” _ _ - - 9 9 4 4 6 17 6 2 2 2 4 1 4 2 2 16 16 2 _ - 2 - 2 2 1 1 - - - - _ - ~ “ ~ ~ “ _ - 4 4 - 11 8 11 6 5 3 3 24 3 1 2 2 4 22 1 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 a 3 5 - 13 7 3 20 13 14 17 5 2 12 6 11 5 7 1 5 3 ~ ~ _ _ - - _ - ~ ~ “ “ _ _ . . - - - - - 9 “ 11 2 ” 4 4 ” _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - “ _ _ - - - - 24 10 14 - - - “ “ 12 2 1 3 29 38 8 10 6 12 1 30 9 15 21 1 “ 25 15 112 12 10 1 100 6 - 3 3 23 3 2 1 6 - _ - - 7 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued ( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y h o u r s and e a rn i n gs f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a re a b a s is b y in du st r y d i v i s i o n , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) W e e k l y warnings1 (stan dard) Sex, o cc u p a t io n , and in du st r y d i v is i o n Ave ra ge w ee kl y hours1 fstandard) Number of workers N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g strai ght - t i m e w e e k l y ea rn i n gs of — $ Me an2 Medi an 2 50 Under $ and 50 und er Mi ddl e range 2 39.9 38 . j . 163 FINANCE 3 ------------------------------ -------- — — E 38.5 38 . j> , T? U AKMIC A T 1 i D IMO n Af\ U t A C T lUKIT M r __ __ K OKiy A KJI 1C AC l U K I KIT 1 iMUNnAINUr P C T! IDl TN b "" DIIQIl I r r U n T C (ITT L 1 T T t o U I 1 1 T 1 1 CC n*r\ / g’ O , —————————— ————— * 26 r nun m u r T rn n n r n aT n n r C U n rT u “ rT b R U H tK A IU K o KiHMU A Kll 1 C A TTII K I S u iNUiNflAiMUr P C l U D lT MT _ _ _ _ _ —_ ———————— ” $ 64.006 4 .5 0- 64.50 63.50 62.00 62.00 60.50 58. 50- 67.0 0 58. 50- 66.0 0 5 7 .5 0 - 64.00 120 39*^ 33 Kb I A IL 69 4 0.0 3 8 *0 1 KAUt ———— ——— KEYPUNCH OPERATORS* CLASS A ——————— u A N i i C T n n INC M i m Urr A/ >T U K f HZ' ~~ — ——— —————— l u CMMAiKi ll C P C TU IK lIN b W r Nn A N U r A T l I D M r ——————————————— ——— —————————— I NAN C b — KEYPUNCH OPERATORS* n A N U r AC I U KlI N b — An 44 j8 09 0 0 89.50 39 5 40.0 3 9* 0 ------------------——————————————— -- ------------------------------------ 5 —— —— —— — —————————— ————————— u tiLii i r n r U l l H b n A N U r AC r1 n or thi t —— ———————— ——— —“ — KIHAIMAMIIC P C T lUD 1 inl* ——— i\ Ufv rl A (NU r A A 1 I K TMO ——————————————— | — ———————— . 0 $ 77.00 7 4.00 8 8 Q 0' 00 84.00 80 85 $ $ 90 95 $ $ 100 105 $ $ 110 115 $ 120 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 18 18 12 12 12 21 21 5 5 5 3 5 3 4 16 48 41 58 58 22 22 10 10 5 4 7 $ $ 125 130 $ 135 $ 140 150 l 5 2 1 1 3^ 17 1 73.50 7 0.00 74.00 69.00 75.00 71.50 76.50 TO. 50 60.0 058.0 067.5 05 7 .0 0- 8 2 . 0C 79.00 84.00 73 *00 24C 25 40*C 39.0 39.0 4C.0 100 105 110 115 125 130 135 x 120 1 1 150 over 5 5 140 38 • 5 38.5 1 p r L r b l f r r j n a a S c r n H T A A tK l t C f C L A c t A 6 ———————————— bo AIOKIMA Ml U r A C i U K T M b ——_ _ _ _ ————————— N U N ^ A N 1C A/'TIID 1 All'' _ _ —— 46 AQ . 5 39 A 112.50 1 09.00 SECRETARIES* CLASS B — ———— ——— MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------- 216 75 TRADE r » ai a u r c 3 riN A N C t —— — ———————— ----------------------------------------------—-■ 1— -4. k i u N y A N t l C AC i II D 1 NC —— — — ———————— N m i n Akt U r A TT U K I Kll* —— — —————————— DIIQI T r I i 1L — PUBLIC UITTI 1i t1 tl c d ^ — ——— —— ——— t c — rIN A N c b - - - - - See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . 39 5 109 50 40.0 1 15.50 8 8 .0 0 116.50 9 7.5 0120.50 8 4 .0 0 113.00 9 3.0 0133.50 8 7 .5 0 109.00 6 5 .0 0 - 95.50 8 1.5 01C6.50 ft t A U * v 7 A v O 7 » U A — \i %c t U A 08• 00 114.00 9 4.0 0-12 1.5 0 1 0 7 .00 -1 24 .50 AO 60 38*5 i oa* en 1 an*nn 130*00 98*00 <57 t V W 7 ( DP 10 g *; A —1l i 7Q V U D U " 1 # HO AA l1 vAl 1« UH A^ 1I t P # u u U AQ UU —1 U l t D«SA O /# A A i A 7 U 5 5 5 10 10 10 26 15 23 22 5 10 5 20 3 15 14 2 1 18 16 7 7 1 7 23 14 7 12 19 19 14 3 5 1 3 7 11 7 14 2 4 14 16 4 9 5 g 8 8 7 2 2 7 10 39 13 26 27 10 10 _ 3 2 6 58 : 46 : 7 41 * JJ 10 57 _ j : - ~ L 24 51 19 22 45 18 27 10 14 10 3 ~ 2 3 2 _ 20 2 24 28 49 4 4 10 18 20 24 3 39 3 3 - 1 15 5 11 4 1 5 2 1 7 4. 2 2 19 3 7 £ 3 1 21 4 1 17 17 55 13 42 73 18 55 18 8 - - - : - - 60 24 36 5 5 11 g 1 2 16 12 22 18 29 21 4 2 2 4 4 2 2 3 13 17 23 5 _ - 1 13 17 18 1 1 7 13 3 47 15 32 12 2 3 15 l 79 43 36 7 58 34 24 38 17 8 7 2 1 5 15 4 8 10 6 4 7 2 7 2 16 13 33 11 2 9 11 4 6 13 1 1 3 20 A 16 8 3 ^ 5 11 7 1 1 5 15 16 11 4 3 5 7 1 6 1 3 1 1 17 25 9 7 2 2 2 5 13 10 l ’ 6 5 14 14 12 12 6 2 7 c 3 38 25 13 3 2 22 1 ' 2 - 8 8 2 3 j 3 0 22 1 6 4 14 2 2 22 2 3 1 2 1 2 9 1 1 7 7 1 1 4 4 1 2 1 8 10 10 10 10 5 5 1 1 3 in 10 2 6 5 5 5 5 g 12 6 1 35 29 15 14 25 2 1 3 14 8 2 9 7 21 8 10 10 9 G .5 0-132.00 AQ 4 2 2 Cf) 116.00 113.00 1 4 28 28 2 c c r \ _ o*h*:DU !)o#ui)“ l a Crt C A Art LA Crt ->o*UU— o*fr*!>U 39.5 38.5 TD A OC 1 K AU t QO 6 2 .0 0 - 82.00 6 9 .0 0 - 9 1.50 AA CU o4*UU* o d * 5 A 5 8 .5 0 - 71.50 3 9 *0 39.5 _ 39.5 Crt. 2 2 12 8 1.00 82.50 8 1.50 A 0 *0 0 6n. nn 6 2.00 5 3 1 l 2 12 12 8 6 .0 0 64*00 6 6 .0 0 120 34 34 69! 00 82.00 £ 2 51 CA 7 9 *0 0 72.50 8 2.50 445 125 48 50 208 PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 4----------------------------------- 2 i 70.50 3 gg 12 g 7 2 .0 0 - 93.00 7 4.5 0 -1 0 0 .5 0 a 7 sn « a nn Uq | DU - 0*T • UU A7 « C U * 7 7 # y*sn O1 rnf0 U 77* nn 73*00 30 3 7 4 .5 0 - 95.00 8 0.0 0-10 1.0 0 7 2 . CO- 9 4 . 0 0 7 1 .5 0 - 9 4.50 8 6 .0 0 103 00 1 0 2 0 0 109.00 109.00 1 0 0 . DC 1 14 .00 110.50 99.50 96.00 82.00 82.50 93.50 94.00 tt d l cc RFTAIL $ $ $ 75 and 7 2 .0 0 112.00 6 4.5 0 -1 1 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 119.00 84.00 79.00 9 0 . 5C 84.50 CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------m in i t r PUBLIC i i t t L li T I b r 4 — — — — — — U ili r i r b WHOLESALE TRADE — --------------------- — —— FINANCE ------------- —-------------------------------------------OFFICE GIRLS ------------- -- — NONMANUFACTURING l ZZ ->0 3 9*0 WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------------------ u unnU Lr bP A 1L C i W bA t $ 70 Aft 50 $ 71.00 70.50 TO. ->0 l L £ * CLASS C -------- ------ — — — — ( ^ c c r o c T 1 AK bbCH b A D $ 65 10 $ 7 3.50 72.5 0 7 0 . ->0 109 118 r 60 CONTINUED - 62 ^5 CLERKS. 55 $ 5 55 WOMEN $ $ 6 3 3 ~ _ _ (J 7 8 3 6 8 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued ( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y h o u r s and e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s studied on an a re a b a s is b y in du st r y d i v i s i o n , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) Weekly earnings1 (standard) Number of workers Sex, oc c up a tio n, and in du str y di v is i o n N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g straight - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f— $ Average weekly hours1 ( standard) Mean1 2 Median 2 Middle range 2 $ 50 Under $ and 50 un d e r 55 WOMEN - CONTINUED 55 60 S 65 $ 70 $ $ 75 80 $ S 85 90 » 95 $ 1 100 105 $ 110 $ 115 s $ 120 125 130 $ 135 $ 140 150 and 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 ^a 21 X2 105 110 115 22 28 5 la 14 15 1A 17 3 • j 2 2 120 1 25 130 135 140 150 over 9 1 4 2 1 4 1 CONTINUED SECRETARIES 56 * - $ $ $ 3 9,0 ^0 , ° 1oo 99 in 187 3 9.5 n? i0 7 33 39 STENOGRAPHERS? GENERAL — mm LIC, U ! I il l itl t e5c 4 — — — — — — — M a t r iitt t b ud — — — — — — Liiim c: o AL e rn AUc hHUL r r a a t 1K a nc r liiAlNL t —- —iL - ^ * j _C f CKinr Arn c Ko CCMIHD NT t iM DADUCDC * o c N1UK ____ — — — UbK — — — u Akitic AU r n o INb r* PAINUr at 1UK iM — ™ — k UNF ANUr At JUKI IN l Hkiy AM 1C A/*Tl!DYRtP l N I b crkiAkir c3 rlNANUc * * * * ^ -1 — —— — — — — — —— • - 132 233 1 AO 1; 43 nn 05 00 8 5.50 ] TOO 1 o « no n i •nn 00 9 1.50 1 0 0.00 81.50 an* nn 39*0 74 72* 50 4 0.0 3 9 ,5 8 .5 88 ,0 0 50 12 8 1 .0 0 -1 0 7 .0 0 8 7.5 0 -1 1 0 .5 0 83.0 068.5 07 1 .5 0 7 0.0 0aa. n n o o uj 8 2.00 5 5 CLASS A -------- 27 38.5 8 7.0 0 90.00 7 7 .5 0- 108 106 33 4 1.5 61.50 61.00 6 1.50 59.50 59.50 5 9 . 50 4 9 .5 0 - 71.00 4 9 .0 0 - 7 0.50 c -p nn— Of# !>U t ? 3 f # UU~ c l < n SWITCMBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSHAIM r AL 1 UK INb — — — — — — U — — — — — — — — NONMANUF ACTURING — — — — — — — — — — — — — 122 4 0.0 78.50 76.00 61 4 0.0 80, ar 7 7 ,5 0 7 4 . 50 7 0 .0 07 n cn— fU«5U* irUt nn— n UU 8 0.50 na*nr • ^ 7 7 * an 7 7 ,5 0 77* an 7 1 *5 0 1 . an 19 Q 19 8 2 8 1 7 6 ,5 0 TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS, (NlJNnANUr At 1UK i lib — — -— — - 5* 46 3 8 ,0 •- 83 ,0 0 T\ n T CT C r l1f ACC A — — — — — — — — — / 1T r l j l ti l l o j A — — — — — — — — — iir.MUAkinr ap 1UK 1 Nb IVulinANUr At Tim f nr — — — — — — — — — — — — — r L acc o » L i f lj o n — — — — — — — — — — — — —— — — — — UAliDr Ab T <1OTA ll ir* n AA 1C Ar 1UollNb — k.flh.UA A IIIC ArTlIftlfclP IVUlinAINUr Ab » UK 1lib — — — — — — — — — — —— — m i d i i r i iMtl l lt t t t S ^ ™ cc . rUoL r L I t i 1I t.iLin i c c a i c WHULtbALt r n AUt — — — — — — — 1K a n c —— — — — — n e t AIL T KAUt — —.. — — — — — — .— — — Kt 1 A II 1 fl A o r — — — C T k A MP r 3— — — — — — — — — — l rilNIANbh — — — .. — — — — — — — 1,09 * 64 t Y n ¥c T j i w r 1 i- 1c ^QA *n ft . 5 8 *A 39 1 33 5 3 9 ,0 •j? 8,5 36 29 23 * 41 n i n .n 0 aa DKJ OOm a A— 7 o nn f 7iUll 0 .5 0 71 50 70*00 6 5 ,0 0 Afl* nn 6 1* 5 0 65.50 la ar * _ 7 0 ,0 0 6 6 * an 6 9 * an 6 0.50 - 1 1 1 - 6 5 ,0 0 * •0 0 A nn— o u # o u on cn AA OH# OU 77# 3U i f AH 7 AQ CO CO#3U Q/. CO OH#7U AA Dv OO # An 7A CA fO#DU 7 H# UU f a nn o i1 * <cn o OU AA AA OH#OU 1 12 7 12 10 2 19 23 ^8 ia 7 7 12 7 3 42 84 30 73 18 if io 16 55 17 1 11 2 75 3< » an 30 34 2 8 fa 33 12 ^a 1 3 J 6 i a aa 8 5 - 1 2 12 12 11 2 6 3 2 1 6 5 20 28 21 9 in 10 16 11 f? 5 5 5 6 6 ^a ^a 1A 16 af i0 1n 22 19 19 4 4 29 18 8 2 2 8 7 ~ ~ I 2 8 7 2 5 22 45 102 ~ 45 1 UZ " ” * on 80 ^aa if a i a i 10 68 66 32 1 5 5 2 2 1 an 50 5 15 i a 17 27 14 3 10 1 j 2 ii 1a 12 6 5 2 3 2 10 2 _ 43 26 aa o a ii 29 17 20 11 6 6 3 9 4 4 \ 19 1 12 5 4 2 2 3 1 5 2 4 1 1 \ 1 g 3 fn AA 31 2 26 17 14 17 1 12 1 *7 3 29 29 ^8 1 7 6 2 1 a . . 6 6 la 1Z _ 3 *3 2 7 2 1 2 g l 7 8 7 10 10 2 1A 23 - 18 2 7 27 27 6 ” 30 8 87 2 2 2 A7 5U“ oO#UU Of# aa — Qk nn aa nn— 7 /. nn oo# UU— fH#UU CO OU OO# COAH DJ 03# COC ft CO0 7 Ou A7 COOc#OU a i #c o o I OU— aa nn— OH#UU AA DU— 0 O• CO- 2 7 7 f TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS, uamiic At nUK n i r — — — — — — — — — f"AiNllr A r l i o il\ib — — — — — — — kinklMAMIIC AP ! UKI IN — — — — — — — — “ JVUNFl^NUrAU TI 1D IMP _ — — — — — — — b 86.50 on cn 7U#DU qj c p l o 4 « DU 3 1 - r 40 12 729 29 2 72 ^6 A nn— o o # * o/ qq c 1 7 H• nn— O f • cn ( a UU 07 j U 40.0 99.00 6 5 12 7 aA U U l 5 . U O S . nn—i i i a Unn 85.50-107.50 aa n o l t a U OJ.UU —l a 5 . 5an 7 5 .5 0 - 8 9.50 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B -------AinktUAA f C At I UK I No ll lT NuiVnAINUr ATTlID i A "" RETAIL T R A D E -------------- — ------ -------- SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, r i 99.50 90.00 100.50 84.00 an an oa .a u 9 4.00 8 16 7 93.50 ^QA*nn 96 * in 1 0 3 * an 84.50 2 1 1 7 4.5 0- 7 ia 8 0.0 0 -1 0 4 .0 0 8 ” 8 7.50 39.0 ' 00 9 2.0 0 0 $ 07 03 00 92.00 78.50 87.50 Gr 0 188 * 62 93 ,0 0 oo / r r \ \ no ? 39.5 $ $ *nn nn no on on 92.00 2^ 10 l 3 30 an 30 - - - - 5 7 - 1 6 4 4 4 1 - 2 2 1 1 ~ 1 1 - 6 14 7 6 3 5 5 2 1 1 9 1 2 13 13 * - - - - - - - 6 1 1q 13 5 1° 6 1 1 - 3 - • - - 3 3 2 2 8 ^a 8 3 *0 6 7 ~ 7 1 3 6 * 2 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 Standard h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r wh ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e th e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e of pay f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , and the e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d to these w e e k l y h o u r s . 2 The m e a n is co m p u t e d f o r e a c h jo b by totaling the e a rn i n gs of all w o r k e r s and div iding b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . The m e d i a n d e s ig n a t e s p o s it i o n — h a lf o f the e m p l o y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e than the rate shown; h a lf r e c e i v e le s s than the rate shown. The m id dl e ra ng e is de fi ne d b y 2 ra t e s o f pay; a fo ur t h of the w o r k e r s e a rn l e s s than the l o w e r o f t h es e r a t e s and a fo ur t h e a r n m o r e than the hi ghe r rate. 3 F in a n ce , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te . 4 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and ot he r pu blic u til iti es. 5 Ma y in clu de w o r k e r s o the r than t hos e p r e s e n t e d se p a r a t e l y . 6 D e s c r i p t i o n f o r this o c c u p a t io n has b e e n r e v i s e d si n ce the last s u r v e y in this a re a . See appe nd ix A. 7 W o r k e r s w e r e di st r ib ut e d as f o l l o w s : 12 at $30 to $35; 5 at $40 to $45; and 12 at $45 to $50. 9 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k l y ho ur s and e a rn in gs f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu died on an a r e a b as is b y in du st r y d i v is i o n , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) W eekly earnings1 (standard) Number of workers Average weekly hours1 ( standard) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a rn in gs o f— l $ $ $ $ $ $ 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 6 5 ____70 Sex, o c c u p a t io n , and in du st r y d i v is i o n 75 80 85 90 95 1 00 105 110 115 120 125 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 over - - - - - - - 7 7 2 1 4 4 14 14 6 2 12 11 14 - 12 52 49 26 25 3 3 _ _ _ - _ 21 24 - 1 1 4 4 14 - 12 11 4 - 9 9 4 - 12 19 21 21 20 4 4 5 5 _ 2 1 15 - 8 15 9 32 29 11 11 10 10 2 2 5 4 9 3 12 10 7 3 2 1 2 1 1 7 7 6 6 5 4 60 M ean2 Median 2 M iddle range 2 und er MEN nr> a r 1 o u c i ( UK A c tc ^ c N f r i Ao o LL a c c I ng man ufa ctu p — n n ACTf-kimi i Arc f ontiN i L L floo UA N U c A r r 11 d Tkir n A ki n r a t 1 UK I N b nn A r T >u c kIN i t UK A C 1 c | $ 40 •0 1 6 3 . 5 0 4 0,0 164.00 $ $ $ l 7 4 . 5 0 1 K1 C ut . 1 7i 7 * ?cU 151#D r *1 Q n 1 7 5 . 5 0 15 3 • 5 0—179 • 5 0 40 •0 1 3 2 . 0 0 134.50 ——— —— ——— — — —— —— — — r L — — — — — — — — — — — — — — r acc U il A o o y A k i h C U 1i i o k r n A I' I Ur AA r T U Krl I ' il b n D 141 1 29 118 a A — — — — — — — — — —— — — — — —— — — —— —— — — 97.50 ill 40 *C 96*00 8 8 .5 0-1C 7 .50 89.0 0-1C 7 .50 16 16 8 2 .0 0 - 9 6.00 8 0 .0 0 - 93.00 no a C 1 n t i 1 KA C i Kj UK A r T foU C kli Tnur tt nc MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------- U Q 1 C7A _ * A 7 • CO 1 r DU 1 I d a 9 n n —177 fUU 1 VO _ i a q n A 32 4 0 10 8 6 .0 0 86^00 36 4 0.0 107.50 107.00 106.00 2 2 6 4 11 8 - - - 10 10 _ _ _ - 3 6 1 _ _ 1 - _ 2 3 “ " ~ 1 ~ “ WOMEN NURSES, INDUSTRIAL y a Ad i c a r 1 i K r INI, n AlMUr* HU t iU d 1 Air* (REGISTERED) ------ 9 9.5 0 -1 1 6 .0 0 on n U * 1 1 a * DU Un _ n 7 cn St an dar d h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w hi ch e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r to t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s . 2 F o r def in i t io n o f t e r m s , s e e footno te 2, table A - l . s t r a i g h t - t im e 1 s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f pa y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , and the earn in gs c o r r e s p o n d 10 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r il 1967) Average O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly earnings 1 (standard) (standard) Weekly Number of workers Weekly Weekly hours 1 earnings 1 an rd (standard) (st da ) 39.5 39.5 L o o 66.00 BILLERS, MA CH IN E (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) ----------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 34 27 38.0 39.0 70.00 67.00 63 26 37 40.0 40.0 43.0 91.50 97.00 88.00 R O O K K E E P IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------------M A NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------WH OLESALE TRADE ---------RETAIL TRADE -------------F I N A N C E 2-------------------- 177 39 138 46 28 51 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.3 43.5 43.0 72.50 79.50 71.00 71.50 64.50 73.50 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A — MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3--------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------F I N A N C E 2-------------------- 313 131 182 66 32 36 39.5 39.5 40.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 113.50 123.50 1 0 6.CC 123.00 100.00 10 3 . 5C CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B — M A N U F A CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------WHOL ES AL E TRADE ---------RETAIL TRADE -------------F I N A N C E 2-------------------- 635 193 442 72 34 103 39.0 40.0 38. 5 40.0 39.0 38.0 81.00 80.00 81.50 85.50 75.00 70.50 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A --------NCNMANUF A C T U R I N G -----------F I N A N C E 2-------------------- 80 65 47 39.0 39.0 38.5 75.00 73.50 70.50 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS 8 --------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------F I N A N C E 2 -------------------- 183 168 127 38.5 38.5 38.5 64. 50 64.00 62.00 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C --------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------F I N A N C E 2 -------------------- 155 145 118 39.0 39.0 38.5 59.50 58.50 58.50 CLERKS, O R DE R ------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------WHOL ES AL E TRADE ----------- 155 37 118 110 40.0 40.0 40.3 40.C 93.50 92.50 93.50 96.50 CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S3--------- 198 120 78 28 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.0 92.50 97.00 85.50 87.50 KE YPUNCH OP ERATORS, CLASS A MANU FA CT UR IN G -----------N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG -------F I N A N C E 2---------------- 112 52 60 44 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.0 82.00 88.00 77.00 73.00 KEYP UN CH OP ER AT OR S, CLASS B M A NU FA CT UR IN G -----------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3-----WH OLESALE TRADE ------F I N A N C E 2----------------- 339 99 24C 84 25 120 39.0 40.0 39.0 39.0 40 . C 38.5 74.50 79.00 72.50 82.50 70.50 66.00 OFFICE BOYS AND G I RL S-NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3F I N A N C E 2------------ 111 91 30 44 39.0 39.0 39.5 38.0 66.00 65.00 72.50 59.50 S E CR ET AR IE S4 5 ---------MANUFA CT UR IN G -----N O N M AN UF AC TU RI NG — PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3 WHOL ES AL E TRADE RETAIL TRADE ---F I N A N C E 2---------- 696 250 446 126 48 50 208 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 38.5 103.00 109.00 100.00 114.50 99.50 82.50 94. 00 SE CRETARIES, CLASS A 5 N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --- 64 46 40.0 112.50 39.5 109.00 SECRET ARIFS, CLASS B 5M A N U FA CT UR IN G ------NONMANUF A C T U R I N G --PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3— F I N A N C E 2------------ 216 75 141 47 60 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.5 38.5 SECRETARIES, CLASS C 5M A NU FA CT UR IN G ------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --F I N A N C E 2------------ 203 53 150 99 39.0 40. C 38.5 38.5 SECRETARIES, CLASS D 5 M A NU FA CT UR IN G ------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3— F I N A N C E 2------------ 187 83 104 33 39 39.5 40.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 93.00 99.50 88.00 95.00 85.5C 654 191 463 180 62 182 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.0 84.00 92.00 80.50 88.50 76.50 74.50 ST EN OGRAPHERS, GENERAL M A NU FA CT UR IN G -----N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG — PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S3 WH OL ES AL E TRADE F I N A N C E 2---------- 109.50 115.50 106.50 124.50 98.00 1 0 2 .0 0 1 1 1 .0 0 99.00 92.OC Weekly earnings 1 (standard) - CO N T I N U E D STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG — F I N A N C E 2--------- 234 85 149 43 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS $ 40.0 101.00 40.0 96.50 39.5 103.50 38.5 84.50 27 38.5 87.00 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ---NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------- 108 106 33 41.5 41.5 61.50 61.00 6 1 . 5C SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R -R EC EP TI ON IS TS M ANUF A C T U R I N G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 122 61 61 40. C 40.0 40.0 78.50 80.50 76-i 50 TABULAT ING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS A ----------------------- 26 39.0 TABU LA TI NG -M AC HI NE OPERATORS, CLASS B -----------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ---------F I N A N C E 2------------------- 86 62 30 38.5 38.0 37.5 88.50 85.00 80.00 109 45 64 39.0 40.0 38.5 73 .5C 77.50 70.50 86 64 39.0 33.5 78.00 71.50 463 B6 377 46 31 29 223 39 . C 39.5 38.5 39.5 40.0 40.0 38.0 65.50 75.00 63.00 74.00 66.50 69.50 60.50 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS MANUFA CT UR IN G 142 130 40.0 163.00 40.0 163.50 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B MANUFA CT UR IN G — 126 105 40.0 131.50 40.0 1 3 2 . 5C DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C MANUFACTURING - 135 111 40.0 40.0 97.50 96.00 DR AF TS MEN-TRACERS MANU FA CT UR IN G ■ 89 34 39.0 40.0 86.50 88.00 NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) --MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 36 29 40.0 107.50 40.0 106.00 TP ANSCRI BI NG -MACHINE CPERATORS, GENERAL -------------------------MA NUFACTURING ---------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------------TYPISTS. CLASS A ----NONMANUF AC TU RI NG -■ TYPISTS, CLASS B -----MA NU FACTURING -----NONMANUF AC TU RI NG — PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3WH OLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE ----F I N A N C E 2----------- 1 1 1 .0 0 PROFESSIONAL AND TE CH NI CA L OCCUPATIONS 1 S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f le c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f pay fo r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s . 2 F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , co m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 4 M ay in clu d e w o r k e r s o th e r than th o s e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly . 5 D e s c r ip t io n f o r th is o c c u p a t io n has b e e n r e v i s e d s in c e the la s t s u r v e y in th is a r e a . See a p p en d ix A . Weekly hours 1 (standard) o o B O OK KE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------------------M A NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------ 120 33 69 $ 73.50 70.00 74.00 69.00 154 Number of workers > * 48 40 39.0 39.0 40.0 38.0 CO MP TO ME TE R OP ER AT OR S N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -WH OLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE ----- O cc u p a tio n and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n OFFICE OC CU PA TI ON S OFFICE O C C U PA TI ON S - CO NT IN UE D OFFICE OC CUPATIONS BILLERS, MA CH IN E (BILLING MACHINE) ----------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------- Average Average O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n p r e m iu m r a t e s ) , and the e a r n in g s 11 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A l a ., A p r i l 1967) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s of— H ourly e arn in g s1 M e a n 13 M edian 2 2 $ 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 $ 1.9C 1 .8 0 1.90 2 - - - T tw T W and $ 1 . 6 0 unde r M iddle range $ $ 2 .00 2 10 2.20 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 I $ 1» 2! • 50 2! • 60 2 . 7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 3. 00 % 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ $ 3 . 60 3 . 8 0 $ 4.0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ $ 4. 40 4 . 60 2.10 2 .20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2! • 60 2! • 70 2.8 0 3.0 0 3. 20 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 . 80 4 . 0 0 4.2 0 4 .4 0 4.6 0 over 5 5 5 ~ 2 2 4 ~ 16 15 91 90 5 5 15 15 2 2 4 4 $ 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Num ber of workers 2 15 15 70 66 101 100 99 99 49 46 68 2 14 14 3 ~ 3 “ _ 10 18 14 45 44 12 $ . and . 0 C CARPENTERS* MAINTENANCE -----------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------- 160 154 $ 3.36 3.37 $ 3.35 3.35 $ $ 3.31- 3.40 3.31- 3.40 ELECTRICIANS. MAINTENANCE ------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------- 661 644 3.72 3.73 3.74 3.74 3.35- 4.13 3.35- 4.13 ENGINEERS, STATIONARY ---------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------- 117 94 3.44 3.53 3.46 3.48 3.29- 3.66 3.41- 3.69 - - - 1 - - - - - “ - - 46 2.91 2.84 2.55- 3.43 - 3 - 2 - 5 5 - 2 2 FIREMEN, STATIONARY BOILER ----------------- 3.18 3.20 2.95 2.96 “ HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES --------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 3 ---------------------------- 387 351 36 30 2. 82 2. 85 2. 53 2.69 2. 91 2.94 2.49 2.85 2.472.492.352.41- MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS. TOOLROOM — MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------- 129 129 3. 15 3. 15 3. 13 3. 13 2.54- 3.45 2.54- 3.45 MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------- ------------------- 485 485 3.68 3.68 3.58 3.58 424 150 274 225 35 3.11 3.09 3. 11 3. 17 2.79 3.31 3. 19 3.32 3.34 2.75 2.822.542.883.012.39- MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE -------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------- 726 686 40 3. 50 3.53 3.06 3.47 3.48 3.08 3.29- 3.84 3.31- 3.86 2.64- 3.44 MILLWRIGHTS -------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------- 221 221 3. 53 3.53 3.47 3.47 118 119 2.78 2.78 2.69 2.69 2.49- 3.02 2.49- 3.02 - - PAINTERS, MAINTENANCE MANUFACTURING --------- 43 38 3.24 3.26 3.17 3.17 3.08- 3.55 3.10- 3.56 - - TOOL AND DIE MAKERS — MANUFACTURING -------- 94 94 3. 38 3.38 3.37 3.37 - ~ 6 2 3.40 3.82 3.39 3.39 3.09 1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , 2 F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta b le A - l . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 1 1 10 10 - - - - - - - - _ _ - - - - - ~ - - - “ - - - ~ _ - _ _ - _ - ~ - - 10 10 " 60 175 174 25 25 30 3C 9 9 14 14 1 _ - - 4 4 - 1 2 - - 2 - - - - 13 4 - 4 8 - 4 4 - 4 - - - “ 7 7 7 68 ~ 14 14 - 41 39 77 77 - 80 80 - _ - 8 8 2 2 52 37 15 15 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - 9 9 9 9 29 29 13 13 5 5 _ _ - 1 1 _ - 28 28 - - - 8 8 7 7 6 6 6 6 57 57 93 93 89 89 41 41 15 15 149 149 23 23 - - ~ ” 7 7 “ 9 9 - 14 4 44 33 6 6 3 3 28 102 11 11 - - - - 1 4 - - - 8 34 34 29 5 _ 10 130 28 _ 12 45 33 17 14 3 6 6 22 21 78 110 - 24 24 - 11 11 1 45 45 - 10 10 ~ 46 46 “ 43 43 - _ 6 _ - 6 _ _ _ _ - " - - 2 _ _ 4 22 22 - 20 20 62 6 6 19 4 15 15 “ - 2 2 2 2 8 8 26 20 6 6 ~ 3 3 3 2 - 1 1 - 25 15 10 6 1 4 18 13 5 16 14 " 57 - 38 22 13 - 99 3 115 113 10 10 202 - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - _ - 2 2 2 187 15 32 32 h o lid a y s , 2 2 1 6 6 - 1 - * - “ 3.24- 3.63 3.24- 3.63 1 1 3.32- 3.75 3.32- 3.75 OILERS ------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------- “ 3.35- 4.13 3.35- 4.13 MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3 ---------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ------------------------------ - 48 48 82 82 10 68 10 10 - - n o - - 1 - - - " 14 14 17 17 6 6 26 26 12 12 12 12 19 19 2 2 8 8 2 2 - 1 - - - 3 2 21 2 20 4 4 6 2 4 3 6 - 1 - - - 37 37 14 14 28 28 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 10 10 and la te s h ift s . 5 5 _ 12 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r i l 1967) Hourly earnings2 N u m b e r i f w o r k e r s :r e c e i v i n g o s t r a i g h t - ■ tim e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f- t O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s tr y d iv is io n of workers Mean3 Median3 Middle range3 U nder t 1. 00 $ t S S $ ( $ $ $ S $ $ $ t i $ $ $ $ S 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2 .60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 - u nder and 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2 .80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 ELEVATOR OPERATORS, PASSENGER (WOMEN) ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------ 79 79 $ 1.05 1.05 $ 1.06 1. 06 $ $ 1.01- 1.43 1.01- 1.43 GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------ 576 161 415 1.74 2. 27 1.54 1.48 2.46 1.46 1.43- 2.12 1.50- 2.78 1.43- 1.49 GUARDS: MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 85 2.79 2.77 76 1.69 1.49 1.45- 1.98 JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------PUBLIC UT IL IT IE S 5 ------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------FINANCE 6 --------------------------------------- 1,317 368 949 82 35 240 103 1.62 2.20 1.40 2.03 1.63 1. 36 1.51 1.48 2.33 1.44 2.05 1.59 1.45 1.48 1.411.881.241.591.501.401.44- 34 34 - _ - - - 19 _ 4 _ - - - - - “ 19 “ 4 “ 26 26 1 1 353 41 312 13 3 10 2.71- 3.02 WATCHMEN: MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 18 18 1.96 2.43 1.49 2.44 1.78 1.49 1.57 - - 12 - 12 - ” - 160 - 160 - 54 ~ - - - 54 29 2 - - 54 29 - - “ ~ ” 18 _ - JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS (WOMEN) -----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------FINANCE 6 --------------------------------------- 401 44 357 56 1. 37 1.73 1.33 1.47 1.44 1.63 1.44 1.47 1.261.491.101.43- 1.49 1.69 1.48 1.50 14 - - 14 - 76 - LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING -----MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5 ------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------- 1,719 914 805 221 522 62 2.00 2. 15 1.83 2. 18 1.70 1.73 1.95 2. 22 1. 66 2.49 1.64 1.68 1.631.761.491.491.491.47- 2.33 2.35 2.24 2.62 1.70 2.03 _ _ _ - - ORDER FILLERS ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------- 418 39 379 311 1.85 2.69 1.76 1.66 1.72 2.68 1.69 1.61 1.502.481.491.47- 2.31 2.87 2.02 1.77 - - - - - - PACKERS, SHIPPING ---------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------- 234 171 63 38 2.23 2.45 1.62 1.58 2.08 2. 62 1.64 1. 54 1.782.061.491.46- 2.67 2.70 1.73 1.69 _ - _ - - - - - - - RECEIVING CLERKS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------RETAIL TRADE ---------------------------- 144 74 70 39 31 2.37 2.73 1.98 1. 92 2.07 2.45 2.72 1.92 1. 89 1.95 1.902.561.811.691.85- 2.75 3.00 2.23 2.09 2.28 SHIPPING CLERKS -------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 89 30 3.21 3.28 3. 17 3.42 2.60- 3.64 2.76- 3.67 _ - _ - SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERKS MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 109 95 3.12 3.23 3.02 3.06 2.63- 3.75 2.71- 4.22 - _ _ See fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le . 76 - 18 “ - 2 - - _ - - - - - - - _ - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 23 8 15 11 6 5 1 18 12 6 21 10 11 70 44 26 7 7 “ 24 24 “ 3 13 6 7 10 40 7 24 41 3 7 6 6 9 533 37 496 9 9 146 65 76 9 67 13 10 20 19 61 18 43 4 10 10 6 67 42 25 4 4 4 12 62 30 32 23 2 6 1 133 133 213 12 201 43 13 54 18 36 3 4 2 2 1 1 244 18 226 59 144 23 44 21 23 6 16 1 522 217 305 5 283 17 69 43 26 1 20 5 14C 124 16 7 3 6 402 337 65 10 45 10 107 107 105 49 49 47 112 112 103 15 2 13 10 19 19 19 78 78 27 7 36 8 28 7 11 60 60 - 7 6 28 2 26 9 17 15 5 10 7 3 - - - - - - - - - “ ~ “ " " 11 8 10 - - 6 6 8 6 - 17 17 17 5 - - 4 - - - - - - - 22 22 8 8 2 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - 109 40 69 64 5 98 28 70 68 2 50 47 3 1 2 13 12 1 13 12 1 - - - 1 1 11 10 1 10 1C 12 12 3 3 - 2 2 9 9 60 6C 22 22 10 10 - 12 5 7 1 6 17 10 7 5 2 25 22 3 2 1 13 12 1 1 12 12 “ - - - 95 66 29 29 - 4 4 - - 10 10 - - 3 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 - 2 2 ~ 4 4 ” - - - - - - - - ” ~ ~ ~ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 5 - 1 1 10 10 - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - " 6 4 - 17 13 4 4 14 13 5 3 1 1 18 18 8 8 3 3 _ _ _ _ 5 2 6 5 2 2 11 11 25 23 2 2 12 11 8 5 7 7 5 5 - - - 5 5 - over - - 8 8 24 24 13 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u str y d i v is i o n , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r il 1967) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f— $ $ $ $ $ $ 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 U nder $ and 1 .9 0 u n d er O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d iv is io n M e d ian 3 TRUCKDRIVFRSf --------------------------------------------- M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5--------------WH OL ES AL E TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------TRUC KD RI VE RS , LIGHT (UNDER 1-1/2 TO NS I ----------------------MA NU F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------W H O L E S A L E TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------- 1 ,9 9 2 568 1 ,4 2 4 597 560 155 $ 2 . 35 2.4 0 2 .3 3 2 .8 7 1.9 3 1 .6 7 121 1.6 6 62 TRUCKD RI VE RS , MEDIUM (1-1/2 TO AND IN C L U D I N G 4 TCNSI ----------MA N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5--------------W H OL ES AL E TRADE ---------------RETAIL TRADE -------------------- ” _ 39 39 19 31 31 19 1.41 1.64 2.3 6 1.58 1.67 1.47 1 .4 4 1 .8 3 1 .4 3 1 .4 7 1 .0 8 - 1 .9 1 2 .6 9 1.8 4 1 .9 1 1 .7 3 1 ,1 7 8 282 896 443 291 64 2 .3 1 2.2 8 2 .3 2 2.75 1.6 9 1 . 88 2 .1 6 2.2 3 2 .1 6 2 .6 2 1.50 1.71 1 .7 3 1 .7 8 1 .6 7 2 .1 5 1 .4 5 1 .4 9 - 2 .9 2 2 .8 9 2 .9 3 3 .5 3 1 .8 4 2 .9 0 “ TR UC KD RI VE RS , HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS, TRAILER TYPE) --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 5--------------W H OL ES AL E TRADE ---------------- 380 74 306 152 143 2 .7 1 1 .9 3 2.90 3.2 1 2.6 3 2 .9 3 1.8 2 3 . 12 3 .5 2 3.0 2 1 .9 6 1 .6 5 2 .3 0 2 .9 3 1 .9 8 - 3 .4 5 1.93 3 .5 2 3 .5 6 3 .1 5 _ ~ - TR UC KD RI VE RS , HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS, OTHER TH AN TRAILER TYPE) -------MA NU F A C T U R I N G --------------------- 119 96 2.2 5 2.35 2 .6 3 2.6 5 1 .6 8 - 590 493 97 68 2 .2 4 2.29 1 .9 9 1 .81 1.9 8 2 .0 7 1. 93 1 .9 2 1 .7 6 - 2 .7 8 1 .7 8 - 2 .8 5 1 .6 8 - 1.99 1 .6 6 - 1 .9 6 145 2. 93 3 .0 4 2 .5 6 - - TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) --------MA N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------W H O L ES AL E TRADE ---------------TRUCKERS, POWER (OTHER THAN FORKLIFT) ---------------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 “ _ _ 2 .7 1 1 .3 0 1,, 4 0 1 .5 9 1 .6 0 - “ 245 7 238 189 41 40 4 36 - 25 6 141 115 11 21 74 33 2 2 ~ 207 48 159 3 139 17 62 62 43 19 9 9 5 4 47 7 40 29 9 53 5 43 39 9 _ _ 16 16 - “ ~ 18C 7 173 146 19 135 74 61 45 16 83 - _ _ - - _ ~ ~ 8 2 - - 8 2 - - “ _ ~ _ _ - _ - _ - _ ~ - ~ 3.31 $ 21 2 3.00 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 9 3 .8 C 4 .0 0 4, , 2 0 258 37 74 47 27 53 175 88 82 74 1 1 72 3 15 7 42 ~ 87 77 3 7 232 109 132 43 84 10 43 245 245 245 - - - - 221 213 5 3 7 7 5 8 7 1 2 44 33 211 210 8 1 - 44 40 4 ~ “ ~ 7 4 3 3 ~ 3 - 11 34 30 _ _ - - - 5 5 52 50 23 20 11 1 2 138 99 39 39 21 2 “ 118 87 31 24 4 2 6 2 10 2 12 66 3 _ 8 6 2 “ “ “ ~ - . _ _ . - - - - . - 2 - - - - _ - " - - - - 47 181 83 98 24 7 3 4 - 1 79 15 64 57 1 - 150 159 159 40 “ 7 2 3 2 - 6 95 95 95 “ . . _ _ - - - - 1 1 11 - 1 _ _ _ _ - 9 9 - - - over _ - 4 4 - 1 t 2 71 - $ 2 .8 0 49 3 46 _ $ 2 .6 0 62 54 22 t ,60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 2 .4 0 10 6 “ $ 20 . 40 39 - ~ _ 6 6 $ 4 4 - “ D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . F o r d e f in it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o tn o te 2, ta ble A - 1. A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 0 . 6 0 to $ 0 . 7 0 . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . I n clu d e s a ll d r i v e r s , as d e f in e d , r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru c k o p e r a t e d . 6 2.00 _ ” _ “ 1 1 .6 5 2.26 1.55 $ $ 1 .7 1 - 2 .9 6 1 .7 8 - 2 .9 3 1 .6 6 - 2 .9 8 2 .1 7 - 3 .5 4 1 .4 7 - 2.2 2 1 .4 5 - 1.83 O' on 231 32 199 $ 2 .1 8 2.45 2 .1 5 2.70 1 .81 1 .5 9 1. 20 $ % $ $ * 2.80 3.09 3.20 3.40 o C C 1.10 $ 60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 V o H ourly earnings ^ 6 41 2 68 6 - 26 4 39 - 10 - - 22 2 22 68 6 15 - 29 23 6 2 66 - 61 60 9 5 1 1 22 2 _ 2 _ - 20 2 - - _ - - “ 59 59 - 32 30 9 2 83 83 - 30 30 - - 4 7 13 13 - 5 24 12 13 26 39 3 2 1 1 “ . _ - - - 2 2 2 - - 2 - 2 9 _ 14 B. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers ( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a ll in d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s o f in e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts M a n u fa c t u r in g M in im u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y 1 O th e r i n e x p e r i e n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f — A ll i n d u s t r ie s A ll s c h e d u le s M a n u fa c t u r in g N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g A ll s c h e d u le s 40 A ll s c h e d u le s 40 N o n r n a n u fa c t u r in g B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f— - A ll in d u s t r ie s A ll s c h e d u le s 40 40 156 51 XXX 105 XXX 156 51 XXX 105 XX X ------------------------ 37 14 14 23 15 65 21 21 44 31 00 ............................................. ......... - -------- --------------- ------------u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 5 7 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 ______________________________________ u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 6 7 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 0. 00__ ...................... .— ................. .......... ........ u n d e r $ 7 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 5 . 0 0 .................................... .......... ........ ............. u n d e r $ 7 7 . 5 0 ______________________________________ u n d e r $ 8 0 . 0 0 --------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 8 2. 5 0 ______________________________________ o v e r _________________________________________________ - - - - - - - 1 3 10 3 5 3 2 3 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 8 2 3 3 1 1 - 4 2 5 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 2 5 - 1 1 5 17 7 13 2 3 3 3 3 2 5 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 5 13 5 8 2 2 2 1 1 3 E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g no s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ________________ 14 8 XXX 6 XXX 22 10 XX X 12 XX X E s t a b li s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s in th is c a t e g o r y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 105 29 XXX 76 XXX 69 20 XX X 49 XX X E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d ie d -------------- -------------------- -- ------------------------------------ E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m . .. U n der $ 50. $ 5 0 .0 0 and $ 5 2 .5 0 and $ 5 5 .0 0 and $ 5 7 .5 0 and $ 6 0. 00 and $ 6 2. 50 and $ 6 5 . 00 and $ 6 7. 50 and $ 7 0. 00 and $ 7 2. 50 and $ 7 5 . 00 and $ 7 7 . 5 0 and $ 80. 00 and $ 82. 50 and - 8 2 2 1 1 - - - 1 - 1 - T h e s e s a l a r i e s r e l a t e to f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d m in i m u m s t a r t i n g (h ir in g ) r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s th a t a r e p a id f o r E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h as m e s s e n g e r o r o f f i c e g i r l . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k r e p o r t e d . sta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s . 1 1 - 13 4 6 1 1 1 1 3 15 Table B-2. Shift Differentials (S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l , B ir m in g h a m , A la . , A p r il 1967) P e r c e n t o f m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s — In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 f o r — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l S e c o n d s h ift w ork T o t a l -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- T h ir d o r o th e r s h i ft w o r k 9 3 .4 84. 3 8 1 .8 A c t u a l l y w o r k in g o n — S e c o n d s h i ft T h ir d o r o t h e r s h i ft 19. 9 7. 3 80. 2 1 7 .6 7. 1 78. 5 68. 7 17. 2 6. 6 c e n t s --------------------- --------------------------------------c e n t s ---------------------------------- --------------------------c e n t s ------------------------ -- -------------- -----------—_ c e n t s ----------------------------------------------- ----------------c e n t s ----------------------------------------------------------------7 V c e n t s ----------------- -----2 ----------------------------8 c e n t s ___________________________________________ 9 c e n t s ____________________ ___________________ 10 c e n t s __________________________________________ 11 c e n t s __________________________________________ 12 c e n t s ----------------- _ ----------------------------------------------------------14 c e n t s ------------ -------- ---------------18 c e n t s - ---------------------------- ----------------------------20 c e n t s ___________ _________ ___________ _____ _ .8 2. 7 2. 0 3. 8 2 .9 2. 2 50. 7 5. 2 1 .8 _ .8 1 .6 3. 1 1 .0 1 .0 (1 ) 2 . 1 . 3 .9 .6 .6 1 1 .6 1 .6 . 3 - 1. 1 . 1 - 1 .7 .8 - F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s ______________ 2. 3 3. 3 W it h s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l -------- -------------------- - _ U n if o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _______________________ 2 4 5 6 7 - 5 .6 1 .0 - F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s p lu s c e n t s p e r h o u r -------------- --------------------------F o r m a l p a id lu n c h p e r i o d -----------------------------------W it h n o s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l — __ ______________ - 1 .0 5. 3 1. 3 5 1 .2 - (2) .4 . 1 _ (2) - . 1 5. 5 - .4 8. 2 1 .0 1 1 .6 1 I n c l u d e s e s t a b l is h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s , e v e n th o u g h th e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s . 2 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t . . 1 . 1 4. 1 an d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s - .2 .2 2. 3 w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g .2 la t e s h i ft s 16 Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t an d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r i e s and in in d u s t r y d i v is i o n s b y s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s 1 o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) P la n t w o r k e r s W e e k ly h o u r s A ll in d u s t r ie s M anu fa c t u r in g P u b l ic u tilitie s 3 O ffic e w o r k e r s W h o l e s a le tra d e R e t a il tra d e A ll in d u s t r ie s 4 M anu f a c t u r in g P u b l ic u t il it i e s 3 W h o l e s a le tra d e R e ta il tra d e 100 100 100 100 2 31 67 - 82 3 12 4 - 25 9 48 7 6 4 1 ------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 U n d e r 37*/2 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------3 7 V2 h o u r s ____ _________________________________ O v e r 3 7 V2 and u n d e r 40 h o u r s _____________________ 40 h o u r s ------------------------ --------------------------------------------O v e r 40 an d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------------4 4 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 4 and u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s ------------------------------------48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 8 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 1 - - 6 15 - - - 82 2 2 3 4 2 96 3 87 5 3 6 64 6 18 11 1 20 5 69 1 2 1 A l l w o r k e r s ------------------------- ----------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 --- - 55 2 3 8 8 4 (‘ ) (6 ) n ~ 99 - F in a n c e 5 100 4 32 14 50 - - S c h e d u le d h o u r s a r e th e w e e k l y h o u r s w h ic h a m a j o r i t y o f th e f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s w e r e e x p e c t e d to w o r k , w h e t h e r th ey w e r e p a id f o r a t s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e r a t e s . I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . 17 Table B-4. Paid Holidays ( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s t r ie s and in i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l id a y s p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) P la n t w o r k e r s I te m A ll in d u s t r ie s A l l w o r k e r s ________________________ ________ ___________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a i d h o l i d a y s ________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g no p a id h o l i d a y s ____________________________________ 1 M anu fa c t u r in g P u b l ic u tilitie s 2 O ffic e w o r k e r s W h o l e s a le tra d e R e t a il tra d e A ll in d u s t r ie s 3 M anu fa c t u r in g P u b l ic u t ilit ie s 2 W h o l e s a le tra d e R e t a il tra d e F in a n e e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 94 98 94 100 90 99 100 100 100 100 100 6 2 6 10 4 (5) N u m ber o f days L e s s th a n 5 h o l i d a y s ________________________________ 5 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________ 5 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________ 6 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________ 6 h o l id a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________ 7 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________ 7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________ 7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 4 h a lf d a y s _________________________ 8 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________ 8 h o l id a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________ 9 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________ 1 0 h o l i d a y s _____________________________________________ T o t a l h o l id a y t im e 4 4 _ 22 10 11 (5 ) 8 (5 ) 47 (5 ) 6 - 65 - 17 4 37 5 - 5 44 3 27 16 8 1 1 _ 2 64 34 11 1 7 9 9 68 2 2 9 1 1 2 - - 41 52 59 10 24 37 - 1 - - - - - - - 2 - - (5) (5) " 1 - 2 1 - - - 15 15 56 56 65 65 99 99 99 99 99 28 28 80 81 - 2 - - - 10 . . 1 2 - - 1 2 - - 11 14 14 79 79 85 85 94 97 97 98 98 d a y s __________________________________________________ d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ S l/z d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________ 8 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ 7 l/2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________ 7 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ 6 V2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________ 6 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ 5 V2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________ 5 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ 4 d a y s o r m o r e ________ _______________________________ 3 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ 2 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________ 1 d a y o r m o r e _________________________________________ (5 ) (5 ) 13 28 - 21 10 - - - 1 - - - 1 - 4 6 9 w it h 4 - - - 1 21 2 1 - 12 (5) 49 7 15 - 5 - 10 1 45 5 29 - 11 58 59 67 67 89 92 92 93 94 21 26 62 5 5 22 66 22 83 83 94 94 94 94 94 48 51 95 100 100 100 100 1 1 - 15 15 17 19 82 86 88 88 90 _ 88 88 99 100 100 100 100 21 10 4 4 5 - 6 22 10 - 6 81 83 91 91 100 100 100 100 100 20 24 24 29 31 99 99 99 99 100 44 44 50 50 99 100 100 100 100 20 49 53 98 100 100 100 100 1 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . 3 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 5 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . 6 A l l c o m b in a t i o n s o f fu l l and h a lf d a y s that add to the s a m e a m o u n t a r e c o m b in e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 9 d a y s 9 f u l l d a y s and no h a lf d a y s , 8 fu l l d a y s and 2 h a lf d a y s , 7 fu l l d a y s and 4 h a lf d a y s , and s o o n . P r o p o r t i o n s w e r e th en c u m u la t e d . in c lu d e s th o s e 18 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1 ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t an d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y p r o v i s i o n s , B i r m i n g h a m , A la . , A p r i l 1967) P la n t w o r k e r s V a c a t io n p o l i c y A l l w o r k e r s . ______________ __________ . . . ______ ____ O ffic e w o r k e r s R e t a il tra d e A ll in d u s t r ie s 4 M anu f a c t u r in g P u b l ic u t il it i e s 4 W h o l e s a le tra d e R e t a il tra d e F in a n c e 5 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 94 100 100 98 89 100 100 - - - 6 - - 9 - 100 98 Z - 100 100 - 99 99 1 - 100 100 - - - - 99 99 - z (6) 18 5Z 5 3 5 46 Z 9 15 14 A ll in d u s tr ie s 2 M anu f a c t u r in g P u b l ic u tilitie s 3 100 100 100 99 94 3 Z - 100 95 5 - W h o l e s a le tra d e M eth od o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s . . . . . . ------------------------- -----------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -------- -------. . . - -------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t --------. . . ------------- -- — ----F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t . . . . . . _ _ -------------- -------O t h e r ... ____ _____________________ __________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id v a c a t i o n s . . . ---------------------------------- 1 - - - A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n pay 7 A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek -------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 w e e k ----O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s _ ____________ ______ Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 31 8 3 8 10 - - - - 1 84 3 10 91 4 5 - - 69 9 ZZ 8Z 3 16 - - - - - 69 4 Z4 Z 86 Z 8 4 38 9 53 51 3 47 36 9 53 - - - - - Z1 5 67 3 3 Z1 5 66 4 5 - - 5 Z 84 3 5 3 - 9 9 - (6 ) 11 7 1Z 47 6 1 - - “ 1 68 15 (6) A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k --------------------------_. . . . -----------1 w e e k __ ___ __ _ _ ----- — ----- _ __ — .. .. O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s _ -- --------Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------- 7 81 - - - - - 3Z 58 - - 62 4Z 68 5 Z7 85 10 15 100 (6 ) ZO 14 64 Z - “ 13 15 79 4 2 69 14 Z Z3 4 73 21 5 68 - - 6 9 74 14 3 1 1 99 - 14 86 - 19 81 - 94 6 Z 79 14 4 1 1 99 - 98 Z 5 88 7 " " 88 3 4 6 Z ZZ Z1 5Z Z 1 1 ZO - 5 57 56 - 5 - - A fte r Z y e a rs of s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r Z w e e k s . . . ----- ------Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------. ... O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s .. -------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------- 1 - Z8 - - 12 94 - 6 - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s ---------------------------------------Z w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------- ------- . . . ----------- --------- -------------4 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 6 88 3 - Z8 7Z - Z3 7 67 - (6 ) 87 4 1 Z 87 4 5 6 91 3 - 5 9Z 15 7 69 1 88 7 " - 4 Z " A fte r 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 an d u n d e r Z w e e k s __________ ____ _ _ _ Z w e e k s _________________________________________________ O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------- ------------ -------3 w e e k s ---- ----------- ------------- -------------------------------4 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 3 “ 5 - A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k . . ________ _________ _____________ _ _ -----O v e r 1 and u n d e r Z w e e k s __ ______________ ________ Z w e e k s --------- ------------ --- ---- - ----- ---O v e r Z and u n d e r 3 w e e k s . . ... ------ --3 w e e k s --------------------- ----- ---- ----4 w e e k s .. --------- -------- _ _ _ _ . _______ ___ O v e r 4 w e e k s ________ ___ ___ __ _ __ S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e . 5 Z 33 7 49 3 " 3 . Z8 9 56 6 Z6 3 65 - 5 - 5 - 65 10 17 3 15 7 40 - 36 - 1 43 7 46 3 (6 ) " ' 79 - 81 - 17 Z - - - 38 38 6 - 19 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1 Continued — (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f p lant and o f fic e w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a c a tio n pay p r o v is io n s , B irm in g h a m , A l a . , A p r il 1967) O ffic e w o r k e r s P la n t w o r k e r s V a ca tio n p o lic y M anu A ll in d u s trie s 1 fa ctu rin g 2 P u b lic u t ilitie s 3 W h o le s a le tra d e R e ta il trad e A ll M anu in d u s tr ie s 4 fa c tu rin g P u b lic u t ilitie s 3 W h o le s a le tra d e R e ta il tra d e F in a n ce 5 A m ou n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 7— C ontinued A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ... ------------- -------------------------------------- ---------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s --------------- ------ -------------2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s -------------------------- ------ — 3 w e e k s ----------------- --------------- ----------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s ----------------------------------------- ------ ------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------ 5 2 29 5 52 3 3 - 3 24 6 57 5 5 - 6 6 8 80 - 5 65 27 3 - 15 7 40 36 - 5 2 19 1 65 2 5 - 3 14 1 72 4 6 6 2 3 77 11 5 42 50 3 1 21 66 5 6 - - - 15 7 29 46 - 5 2 17 1 49 2 19 3 3 11 1 64 4 12 5 6 2 3 17 71 5 42 _ 36 15 7 29 22 - - 14 3 24 5 2 17 1 18 2 47 7 3 11 , 1 16 4 55 11 5 _ 36 39 16 3 15 7 29 22 24 5 2 17 1 18 3 11 1 16 4 6 5 - 55 2 22 7 52 15 2 1 1 15 84 - _ 80 18 2 - 5 _ 57 _ 38 - _ 56 _ 38 6 - - (6 ) 2 13 61 14 10 1 1 7 85 7 - _ 42 56 2 - 5 _ 47 48 - _ _ 13 _ 79 3 6 - 1 20 36 4 36 1 2 13 27 14 41 3 1 7 11 5 _ 47 _ 14 _ 34 _ _ 13 69 _ 19 - 42 _ 41 15 2 - - 1 20 25 4 47 3 2 13 18 14 47 6 1 7 2 90 - _ _ 38 _ 32 28 2 5 _ 47 _ 14 _ 34 - _ 13 47 _ 39 1 15 7 1 2 1 _ 5 _ - - 7 - - _ 29 20 38 47 - - _ 2 32 14 32 - - - - 28 34 2 - 54 1 - 1 42 2 47 5 3 - (6 ) A ft e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k - ________________ ___________________________ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s -----------------------------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------ ---------—------ -------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 4 w e e k s -----------------------------------------------------------A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------------------- ------ ---------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------- ------- ---------------------- - - - 81 _ A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k __________________ ____________________________ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w eek s _____________________________________________ O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s — ------- --------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------ - 6 2 3 4 85 - - M a x im u m v a c a t io n a v a ila b le 8 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ________ _______________ 2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s _____ ______ ___________ 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------ ---------- --------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ---------- ------------------------------------------------- 2 46 7 11 2 36 3 4 - - - - 39 22 - - - 82 3 16 3 24 20 4 52 3 18 14 47 6 - 13 90 1 13 1 Includes b a s ic plans only. E x c l u d e s p l a n s s u c h a s v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s and t h o s e p l a n s w h i c h o f f e r " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f i t s b e y o n d b a s i c p l a n s to w o r k e r s w it h q u a l i f y i n g l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e . T y p i c a l o f s u c h e x c l u s i o n s a r e p l a n s in th e s t e e l , a l u m i n u m , and c a n i n d u s t r i e s . 2 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d i t i o n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s . 4 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d i t i o n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 5 F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 6 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 7 I n c l u d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r tha n " l e n g t h o f t i m e , " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n nu al e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d t o an e q u i v a l e n t t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a nn ua l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k ' s p a y . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n and d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t the i n d i v i d u a l p r o v i s i o n s for p rogression s. F o r e x a m p l e , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d i c a t e d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e i n c l u d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 an d 10 y e a r s . E stim ates are cum ulative. T h u s , th e p r o p o r t i o n r e c e i v i n g 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r 5 y e a r s i n c l u d e s t h o s e w h o r e c e i v e 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . 8 F i g u r e s s h o w n a l s o i n d i c a t e th e p r o v i s i o n s a f t e r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e . Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans ( P e r c e n t o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f i t s , 1 B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1967) P la n t w o r k e r s T y p e o f b e n e f it O ffice w o r k e r s R e t a il tra d e A ll in d u s t r ie s 4 M anu f a c t u r in g P u b l ic u t ilit ie s 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 91 86 80 97 96 99 93 91 100 30 54 52 47 45 39 50 61 57 49 74 84 70 68 59 76 77 67 72 80 90 S ic k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ________ S ic k l e a v e ( f u ll p a y and n o w a it in g p e r i o d ) - . _________ ___ ____________ S ic k le a v e ( p a r t ia l p a y o r w a it in g p e r i o d ) _______________________________ 61 80 31 48 19 35 66 14 41 32 16 14 11 20 19 25 52 58 26 47 27 75 9 4 37 7 16 11 3 34 4 23 8 H o s p i t a l iz a t io n in s u r a n c e ---------------------------- — ------------ — S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e ---------------------M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e --------- ----------- --------------- -------C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------------------R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n ______________ _______________ N o h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p la n ----------- 84 85 48 27 64 7 94 94 46 16 76 2 94 94 84 80 68 6 79 79 56 54 41 5 60 64 45 36 41 15 80 81 69 61 78 1 91 91 69 38 82 2 99 99 96 96 76 1 78 78 68 66 48 66 76 61 46 54 5 74 74 67 67 88 A l l w o r k e r s ________ ____ _________ A ll in d u s t r ie s 2 ____________________ M anu fa c t u r in g P u b l ic u tilitie s 3 100 100 100 89 94 37 W h o l e s a le tra d e W h o le s a le tra d e R e ta il tra d e F in a n c e 5 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g : L i f e i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------- ------------------A c c i d e n t a l d e a t h and d i s m e m b e r m e n t in s u ra n ce --------------------------------------------------------S ic k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 6 _______ ___________________ I n c lu d e s t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h at l e a s t a p a r t o f th e c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t t h o s e le g a ll y r e q u i r e d , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t . 2 I n c lu d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e a n d s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s . 4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 5 F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 6 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e lo w . S ic k le a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l i s h at l e a s t th e m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . I n f o r m a l s i c k le a v e a ll o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n a n in d iv i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d . 21 Table B-7. Health Insurance Benefits Provided Employees and Their Dependents ( P e r c e n t o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g h e a lt h in s u r a n c e b e n e f it s c o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir d e p e n d e n t s , B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r i l 1 9 6 7 ) P la n t w o r k e r s T y p e o f b e n e f i t , c o v e r a g e , an d fin a n c in g 1 A l l w o r k e r s ____________________________________________ A ll in d u s t r ie s 1 2 M anu fa c t u r in g P u b l ic u t ilit ie s 3 O ffic e w o r k e r s W h o l e s a le tra d e R e t a il tra d e A ll in d u s t r i e s 4 M anu fa c t u r in g P u b l ic u t ilit ie s 3 W h o l e s a le tra d e R e t a il tra de F in a n e e 5 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 84 9 6 3 94 8 6 1 94 9 6 3 79 15 15 - 60 7 7 80 11 7 4 91 12 12 - 99 4 3 1 78 17 12 5 66 6 6 74 13 5 9 75 48 24 87 68 16 85 41 38 65 21 38 53 8 45 69 34 32 80 69 7 96 44 50 61 8 54 60 _ 55 61 15 40 2 3 4 5 4 4 (6 ) 5 6 (6 ) - 3 - - (6 ) - 1 - - - 85 10 6 4 94 8 6 1 94 9 6 3 79 15 15 - 64 11 11 81 12 7 5 91 12 12 - 99 4 3 1 78 17 12 5 76 16 _ 16 74 13 5 9 75 48 24 87 68 16 85 41 38 65 21 38 53 8 45 69 34 32 80 69 7 96 44 50 61 8 54 60 _ 55 61 15 40 2 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g ; H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e _______________________ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n ly E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir d e p e n d e n t s ____________________________________ E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r e m p lo y e e s ; j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r d e p e n d e n t s _______ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ; j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s _______ S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________________ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n l y ___________________ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d _ _ _ _ _ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s an d t h e ir d e p e n d e n t s _______________________ __________ E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r e m p lo y e e s ; jo in t ly fin a n c e d fo r d ep en d en ts __ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ; jo in t ly fin a n c e d fo r e m p lo y e e s (6 ) - 3 - - - 1 - - - M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________________ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n l y ____ E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir d e p e n d e n t s ____________________________________ E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ E m p l o y e r fi n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s ; j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r d e p e n d e n t s _______ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ; j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s _______ 48 6 4 2 46 7 5 1 84 3 3 56 15 15 _ 45 4 4 69 9 4 4 69 11 11 _ 96 1 _ 1 68 17 12 5 61 4 _ 4 67 9 _ 9 42 21 19 40 25 12 81 36 38 41 11 29 41 8 33 61 28 29 59 49 6 96 44 50 51 8 43 57 _ 52 59 15 38 2 3 4 - - 4 4 (6) 5 6 - 3 - - - - - C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ______ __ _ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s o n l y ___________________ E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ____ C o v e r i n g e m p l o y e e s and t h e ir d e p e n d e n ts __ E m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d _______________________ J o in t l y f i n a n c e d ___________________________ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d f o r e m p lo y e e s ; j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r d e p e n d e n t s _______ E m p lo y e r fin a n c e d fo r d e p e n d e n ts ; j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d f o r e m p l o y e e s ____ _ 27 4 2 2 16 3 2 1 80 7 36 - 46 - 67 9 - 54 11 11 7 _ 24 12 11 13 10 3 73 46 23 - - - (6 ) (6) (6) 3 (6 ) - 1 38 10 10 96 1 _ 61 11 8 4 _ 1 66 17 12 5 43 22 21 36 3 33 50 19 27 27 16 5 95 54 39 50 8 41 - - 4 6 _ - ~ 1 (6 ) (6 ) _ _ _ 46 _ 46 _ 9 59 15 38 6 - - 1 I n c l u d e s p la n s f o r w h ic h at l e a s t a p a r t o f th e c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r . S e e f o o t n o t e 1, t a b l e B - 6 . A n e s t a b l is h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s p r o v id i n g b e n e fit s t o e m p l o y e e s f o r t h e i r d e p e n d e n t s i f s u c h c o v e r a g e w a s a v a il a b l e t o a t l e a s t a m a j o r i t y o f t h o s e e m p l o y e e s o n e w o u ld u s u a l ly e x p e c t t o h a v e d e p e n d e n t s , e . g . , m a r r i e d m e n , e v e n t h o u g h t h e y w e r e l e s s th a n a m a jo r i t y o f a ll p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s . T h e e m p l o y e r b e a r s th e e n t ir e c o s t o f " e m p l o y e r f i n a n c e d " p la n s . T h e e m p l o y e r and e m p l o y e e s h a r e th e c o s t o f " j o i n t l y f i n a n c e d " p la n s . 2 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d i t io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 5 F i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 6 L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t . 22 Table B-8. Premium Pay for Overtime Work ( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t an d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r ie s and in i n d u s t r y d i v is i o n s by o v e r t i m e p r e m iu m p a y p r o v is io n s , B irm in g h a m , A l a ., A p r il 1967) P la n t w o r k e r s P r e m iu m pay p o lic y A ll w o r k e r s _ Manu All in d u str ies 1 facturing O ffice w o rk e r s P u blic utilities 2 1 W holesale trade R etail trade All industries 3 Manu facturing P u blic u t il it i e s 2 W h olesale trade R etail trade 100 F in a n e e 4 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 60 81 79 19 8 34 64 72 18 2 60 _ _ 81 79 19 8 34 64 72 18 2 58 1 1 80 1 79 - 19 - 8 5 29 - 64 - 31 41 - 18 - _ 2 - - - - - - - 40 19 21 81 92 36 28 82 100 D a i l y o v e r t i m e at p r e m i u m r a t e s W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ha v i n g p r o v is i o n s fo r daily o v e r t i m e pay 5 at p r e m i u m r a t e s T i m e and o n e - h a l f Effective after: 7 V2 h o u r s 8 hours9 hours 10 h o u r s _ - - W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g no p r o v i s i o n s f o r d a i l y o v e r t i m e pay at p r e m i u m r a t e s 6 ------ - 66 100 98 W e e k l y o v e r t i m e at p r e m i u m r a t e s W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a vi n g p r o v i s i o n s f o r w e e k l y o v e r t i m e pa y 5 at p r e m i u m r a t e s T i m e and o n e - h a l f E ffective after: 36 V4 h o u r s 37 V h o u r s 2 _ . _ __ 38 3 h o u r s /4 _ _________ 40 h o u r s 42 h o u r s ----- _ _ _ 44 h o u r s ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 48 h o u r s _ __ _ _ _ __ __________ F luctuating w o rk w e e k p r i n c i p l e 8W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g no p r o v i s i o n s f o r w e e k l y o v e r t i m e pa y at p r e m i u m r a t e s 6__ 1 2 3 4 5 95 100 97 100 83 99 99 100 100 93 100 95 100 97 100 83 97 99 100 100 93 95 90 100 - - - - - 100 - 99 - _ 31 69 - - 91 - 1 6 3 87 1 2 4 8 81 - _ _ - _ 5 _ 79 _ 9 - - _ - - 5 (7 ) 4 1 - - - - 65 2 15 - 6 - - - - 1 - 17 (7 ) 100 - _ 1 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r r e a l e s t a t e and s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s . I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r s e r v i c e s in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s c o v e r e d b y l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e , e v e n th ou g h s u c h w o r k e r s a c t u a ll y d o n o t w o r k o v e rtim e . G r a d u a t e d p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r e m iu m p a y a r e c l a s s i f i e d u n d e r the f i r s t e f f e c t i v e p r e m iu m r a t e . F o r e x a m p le , a p la n c a ll in g f o r t im e and o n e - h a l f a f t e r 8 and dou ble; t im e a f t e r 10 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t im e and o n e - h a l f a ft e r 8 h o u r s . S i m i l a r l y , a p la n c a llin g f o r no p a y o r p a y at a r e g u l a r r a t e a ft e r 35 h o u r s and t im e and o n e - h a l f a f t e r 40 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t im e and o n e - h a l f a f t e r 40 h o u r s . 8 I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s e x e m p t f r o m l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d in g p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t i m e and w h e r e , a s a m a t t e r o f p o l i c y , o v e r t i m e is n o t w ork ed . 7 B e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 8 U n d e r th e p r i n c i p l e o f the flu c t u a t in g w o r k w e e k , pa y f o r o v e r t i m e w o r k is d e t e r m in e d by d i v id in g the w e e k ly s a la r y b y the t o t a l n u m b e r o f h o u r s w o r k e d d u r in g the w e e k (t o o b t a in the b a s e h o u r ly r a t e f o r the w e e k ) and then a p p ly in g the e s t a b l is h e d o v e r t i m e p a y r a t i o f o r o v e r t i m e h o u r s w o r k e d . T h u s , th e h o u r ly r a t e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e d e c r e a s e s a s the n u m b e r o f h o u r s w o r k e d i n c r e a s e s . Appendix A. Change in Occupational Description: Secretary Since the Bureau’s last survey, the occupational description for secretary was revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific categories. zation and the scope of the supervisor’ s position are considered in dis tinguishing these levels. Data published under the composite title of secretary are not comparable to data previously published. The revised descriptions for secretary (classes A, B, C, D) classify these workers according to levels of responsibility. The size of the organi The revised occupational descriptions are included in appendix B. 23 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing m a chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The oper ation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers' ledger record. The m a chine autom atically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment's busi ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary 25 26 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file m aterial such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerics. Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards m aterial. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C . Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi fication system ( e .g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards m aterial; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER— Continued to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe m atical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed m aterial. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR CLERK, ORDER Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by m ail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application 27 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR— Continued of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc. , are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Assigned as personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day work activities of the superj/isor. Works fairly independently receiving a mini mum of detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and secretarial duties, usually including most of the following: (a) Receives telephone calls, personal callers, and incoming m ail, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries to the proper persons; (b) establishes, maintains, and revises the supervisor's files; (c) maintains the supervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays messages from supervisor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, mem oranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) performs stenographic and typing work. May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks of comparable nature and difficulty. The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization, programs, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor. SECRETARY— Continued Exclusions Not all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the def inition are as follows: (a) Positions which do not meet the "personal" secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical, or managerial persons; (d) secretary posi tions in which the duties are either substantially more routine or substan tially more complex and responsible than those characterized in the def inition; and(e) assistant type positions which involve more difficult or more responsible technical, administrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical duties which are not typical of secretarial work. NOTE: The term "corporate officer," used in the level definitions following, refers to those officials who have a significant corporate-wide policymaking role with regard to major company activities. The title "vice president, " though normally indicative of this role, does not in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose primary responsibility is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e. g. , approve or deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate officers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions. Class A a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that employes, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,000 persons; or b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5, 000 but fewer than 25,000 persons; or c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the corporate officer level) of a major segment or subsidiary of a company that employs, in all, over 25, 000 persons. Class B a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that employs, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,000 persons; or 28 SECRETARY— Conti nue d STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL— Continued c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level) over either a major corporate-wide functional activity (e. g. , marketing, research, operations, industrial relations, etc. ) or a major geographic or organizational segment (e. g. , a regional headquarters; a major division) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 2 5 ,0(X) employees; or May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator. ) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific re search from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. e. Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e. g. , a middle management supervisor of an organizational seg OR ment often involving as many as several hundred persons) of a company Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons. pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; Class C and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, a. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties sibility is not equivalent to one of the specific level situations in the def and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling inition for class B, but whose subordinate staff normally numbers at least material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc. ; composing simple letters several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational segments from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and answering which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. includes a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, over 5,000 persons; or two; or SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, fewer than 5, 000 persons. Class A. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switch board handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Performs full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-tim e assignment. ("Full" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone informa tion purposes, e. g. , because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which extensions are appro priate for calls. ) Class D a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e. g. , fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional employee, administrative officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE: Many companies assign stenographers, rather than secretaries as described above, to this level of supervisory or nonsupervisory worker. ) STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vo cabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. Class B. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switch board handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform lim ited telephone information service. ("Limited" telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understandable for tele phone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e. g. , giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls are referred to another operator. ) 29 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL TABU LA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A . Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical account ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced oper ator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro cedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C . Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc. , with Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A woiker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of stencils, mats, or sim ilar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis tributing incoming m ail. Class A . Performs one or more of the following: Typing m a terial in final form when it involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu ation, etc. , of technical or unusual words or foreign language m a terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B. Performs one or more of the following; Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e t c .; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already setup and spaced properly. 30 PROFESSIONAL DRAFTSMAN AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen. Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities, strengths, stresses, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy. Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required. MAINTENANCE Continued Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked during progress. DRAFTSMAN-TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.) and/or Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized itenis. is closely supervised during progress. Work NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE—Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter's handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 31 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, m a chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding m a terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex cluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci fications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap prenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 32 MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) OILER Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establisbment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculi arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 33 TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instru ments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabri cation as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work in CUSTODIAL A ND For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apart ment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD AND WATCHMAN Guard. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. Watchman. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting ma terials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. 34 ORDER FILLER SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: (Order picker, stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers' orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con tainer employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, Invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m a terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1 V2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (lV2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) A v a ila b le On R e q u e s t----T h e s e v e n t h an n u al r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , attorn eys, c h e m ists, en g in eers, engineering technicians, d raftsm en , t r a c e r s , jo b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s of p e r s o n n e l , m a n a g e r s o f o f f i c e s e r v i c e s , b u y e r s , f r e i g h t r a t e c l e r k s , an d c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s . O r d e r a s B L S B u l l e t i n 1535, N a t i o n a l m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , an d ^ C l e r i c a l 50 c e n t s a copy. Su rv ey of P r o f e s s i o n a l , AdPay, Feb ru ary — arch 1966. M ☆ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1967 — 253-608/80 Area Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D .C ., 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number and price Akron, Ohio, June 1966 1_________________________________ AlbanyH Schenectady-Troy, N .Y ., Apr. 1967 ----------------Albuquerque, N. M e x ., A pr. 1967 _______________________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.— .J ., N Feb. 1967 _________________________________________________ Atlanta, G a ., May 1966 1 _________________________________ B altim ore, M d ., Nov. 1966 1_____________________________ Beaumont—Port Arthur— range, T ex ., May 1966 1____ O Birm ingham , A la ., A pr. 1967 1__________________________ Boise City, Idaho, July 1966 1-----------------------------------------Boston, M a s s ., Oct. 1966_____ ___________________________ 15 3 0 -5 3 , 1 4 6 5 -7 1 , 1 5 3 0 -3 0 , 1 4 6 5 -6 3 , 15 3 0 -6 3 , 1 5 3 0 -2 , 1 5 3 0 -1 6 , Buffalo, N .Y ., D ec. 1966 1________________________________ Burlington, V t ., M ar. 1967 1 ____________________________ Canton, Ohio, A p r. 1967 __________________________________ C harleston, W. V a ., Apr. 1967 __________________________ C harlotte, N .C ., A pr. 1966 1 _____________________________ Chattanooga, T e n n .-G a ., Sept. 1966 1___________________ C hicago, 111., A p r. 1966 1 ________________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio— y.— d., M ar. 19 67 ________ _________ K In Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1966 1__________________________ C olum bus, Ohio, Oct. 1966 1--------------------------------------------D a lla s, T e x ., Nov. 1966 1________________________________ 1 5 3 0 -3 8 , 15 3 0 -5 2 , 1 5 30 -5 8, 15 30 -6 1, 1 4 6 5 -6 7 , 1 5 3 0 -8 , 1 4 6 5 -6 8 , 15 3 0 -5 6 , 1 5 3 0 -1 3 , 1 5 3 0 -2 0 , 15 3 0 -2 5 , Rock Island—M oline, Iowa— 111., Davenport— Oct. 1966 1________________________________________________ Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1967 __________________________________ D enver, C o lo ., D ec. 1966__________________________ -_____ D es M oin es, Iowa, Feb. 1 9 6 7 -----------------------------------------D etroit, M ich ., Jan. 1967 1 ______________________________ F ort Worth, T e x ., Nov. 1966 1___________________________ Green Bay, W i s ., Aug. 1966 1__________________________ G reen ville, S .C ., May 1966 1____________________________ Houston, T e x ., June 1966 1 ______________________________ Indianapolis, Ind., D ec. 1966____________________________ 1 5 3 0 -1 9 , 15 3 0 -4 5 , 1 5 3 0 -3 2 , 15 3 0 -4 4 , 15 3 0 -4 8 , 1 5 3 0 -2 8 , 1 5 3 0 -5 , 1 4 6 5 -7 4 , 1 4 6 5 -8 5 , 1 5 3 0 -3 7 , 30cents 25cents 25 cents 25cents 30cents 30cents 25 cents 25 cents 30cents 25cents 15 3 0 -4 3 , 15 30 -3 9, 1 5 3 0 -2 6 , 14 6 5 -8 0 , 1 5 3 0 -1 , 20cents 25cents 25 cents 25cents 25cents 1 4 6 5 -5 9 , 15 3 0 -4 9 , 1 4 6 5 -7 9 , 1 5 3 0 -4 , 15 3 0 -4 0 , 15 3 0 -3 1 , 1 4 6 5 -8 4 , 30cents 30cents 25cents 25 cents 25cents 25 cents 25cents Jackson, M i s s ., Feb. 1 9 6 7 ______________________________ Jacksonville, F la ., Jan. 1967 1 __________________________ Kansas C ity, M o.— a n s ., Nov. 1966_____________________ K Lawrence— averh ill, M a ss.—N .H ., June 1966 1 ----------H Little Rock— North Little Rock, A rk ., Aug. 1966 1------Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim— Santa A n aGarden G rove, C a lif., M ar. 1966 1 ____________________ L o u isv ille, K y .-I n d ., Feb. 1967 1 _______________________ Lubbock, T e x ., June 1966 1------------------------------------- -------M anchester, N .H ., Aug. 1966 1--------------------------------------M em phis, Tenn.— r k ., Jan. 1967 ----------------------------------A M iam i, F la ., D ec. 1966______________________________—----Midland and O d essa , T e x ., June 1966 1 ________________ 1 4 6 5 -8 1 , 15 3 0 -6 2 , 1 5 3 0 -6 0 , Area Bulletin number and price 30cents Milwaukee, W is ., Apr. 1966_______________________________ 25cents Minneapolis— St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1967 1________________ 20cents Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, M ich ., May 1966 1 _______ Newark and Jersey C ity, N .J ., Feb. 1967 ______________ 25cents New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1967 ____________________________ _ 30cents New O rlean s, L a ., Feb. 1967 1 ___________________________ 30cents New Y ork, N .Y ., A p r. 1966 1______________________________ 25cents Norfolk— Portsmouth and Newport News— 30cents Hampton, V a ., June 1966________________________________ 25cents Oklahoma C ity, O k la ., Aug. 1966 1_______________________ 25 cents Omaha, N ebr.— Iowa, Oct. 1966___________________________ 30cents Pater son— Clifton— a s s a ic , N .J ., May 1966 1 ___________ P 25cents Philadelphia, Pa.— .J ., Nov. 1966 1____ _________________ N 20cents Phoenix, A r i z ., M ar. 1967 ________________________________ 20cents Pittsburgh, P a ., Jan. 1967 1 ______________________________ 25cents Portland, Maine, Nov. 1966----------------------------------------------30cents Portland, O reg.—W ash., May 1966 1______________________ W M 30cents Providence—Pawtucket— arwick, R .I.— a s s ., 25cents May 1 9 6 6 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------30 cents Raleigh, N .C ., Sept. 1966__________________________________ 30 cents Richmond, V a ., Nov. 1966_________________________________ 30cents Rockford, 111., May 1966 1 ________________________________ 1 4 65 -6 1, 15 30-42, 14 65-72, 1 5 30 -5 5, 1530 -4 1, 1530 -5 1, 1 4 65 -8 2, 20cents 30cents 25cents 25cents 25cents 30cents 40 cents 14 65-77, 15 30 -6 , 20cents 25cents 1530 -1 8, 14 65 -7 6, 1530 -3 5, 15 30-59, 15 30-46, 15 30 -1 7, 14 65 -7 3, 25cents 25cents 35cents 20cents 30cents 20cents 25cents 14 65 -6 5, 1 5 30 -7 , 15 30 -2 3, 1465 -6 6, 25cents 20cents 25cents 25cents 111., Oct. 1966 1___________________________ St. L ou is, M o.— Salt Lake C ity, Utah, D ec. 1966 1________________________ San Antonio, T e x ., June 1 9 6 6 _____________________________ San Bernardino— iverside— ntario, C a lif., R O Sept. 1966__________________________________________________ San D iego, C a lif., Nov. 1966 1____________________________ San F ran cisco— Oakland, C a lif., Jan. 1967 1______________ San Jose, C a lif., Sept. 1966_______________________________ Savannah, G a ., May 1966 1________ ._______________________ Scranton, P a ., Aug. 1966----------------------------------------------------Seattle—Everett, W ash ., Oct. 1966------------------------------------ 15 30 -2 7, 1 5 30 -3 3, 1465 -7 8, 30cents 25cents 20cents 15 30 -1 4, 15 30 -2 4, 15 30 -3 6, 15 30 -1 0, 1465-69, 15 30 -3 , 1530 -2 2, 25cents 25cents 30cents 20cents 25 cents 20cents 25cents Sioux F a lls , S. D ak., Oct. 1966___________________________ South Bend, Ind., M ar. 1967 ______________________________ Spokane, W ash ., June 19 66________________________________ Tampa— St. P etersbu rg, F la ., Sept. 1966 1 ______________ Toledo, Ohio—M ich ., Feb. 1967 1_________________________ Trenton, N .J ., D ec. 1966 1________________________________ Washington, D .C .—Md.— a ., Oct. 1966 1_________________ V W aterbury, Conn., M ar. 1967 _____________________________ W aterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1966 1_______________________________ W ichita, K a n s., Oct. 1966 1________________________________ W o rce ste r, M a ss., June 1966 1___________________________ Y ork, P a ., Feb. 1967 ....................................................................... Youngstown— arren, Ohio, Nov. 1966----------------------------W 15 30 -1 2, 15 30-57, 14 65 -7 5, 15 30-9, 15 30-50, 1530 -3 4, 1530 -1 5, 1530 -5 4, 1530 -2 1, 1530 -1 1, 14 65 -8 3, 1530 -4 7, 1 5 30 -2 9, 20cents 20cents 20cents 25cents 30cents 25cents 30cents 20cents 25 cents 25cents 25cents 25cents 25cents 1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary’ wage provisions are also presented.