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Area Wage Survey
Binghamton, New York-Pennsylvania,
Metropolitan Area, July 1976
Bulletin 1900-49
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
/ c? o g - y j
Preface
T h i s b u l l e t i n p r o v i d e s r e s u l t s o f a J u l y 1976 s u r v e y o f
o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s in the
B i n g h a m t o n , N e w Y o r k —P e n n s y l v a n i a , S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a
t i s t i c a l A r e a ( B r o o m e and T i o g a C o u n t i e s , N . Y . ; a nd S u s q u e h a n n a
County, P a .).
T h e s u r v e y w a s m a d e as p a r t o f the B u r e a u o f
L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ' a n n u a l a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m , w h i c h is
d e s i g n e d to y i e l d da ta f o r i n d i v i d u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s as w e l l
a s n a t i o n a l and r e g i o n a l e s t i m a t e s f o r a l l S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n
S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s in the U n it e d S t a t e s ,
e x c l u d i n g A l a s k a and
H aw aii.
A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m
i s th e n e e d to d e s c r i b e the l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a
v a r i e t y o f l a b o r m a r k e t s , t h r o u g h th e a n a l y s i s o f ( 1 ) the l e v e l
a nd d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n , and ( 2 ) the m o v e m e n t
o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l .
The p r o g r a m
d e v e l o p s i n f o r m a t i o n that m a y b e u s e d f o r m a n y p u r p o s e s , in
cluding w a g e and s a la r y a d m in istration , c o lle c tiv e bargaining,
a n d a s s i s t a n c e in d e t e r m i n i n g p la n t l o c a t i o n .
Survey results a lso
a r e u s e d b y th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r to m a k e w a g e d e t e r
m i n a t i o n s u n d e r the S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965.
C u r r e n t l y , 84 a r e a s a r e i n c l u d e d in the p r o g r a m .
(See
li s t o f a r e a s on in sid e b a ck c o v e r . )
In e a c h a r e a , o c c u p a t i o n a l
e a r n i n g s da t a a r e c o l l e c t e d a n n u a l l y .
In fo r m a t io n on e s t a b l i s h
m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s i s o b t a i n e d e v e r y
th ird y e a r .
E a ch y e a r a fte r all in divid ual a r e a w age su rv e y s have
b e e n c o m p le t e d , two s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d .
The f i r s t
b r i n g s t o g e t h e r da ta f o r e a c h m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s u r v e y e d ; the
s e c o n d p r e s e n t s n a t i o n a l and r e g i o n a l e s t i m a t e s , p r o j e c t e d f r o m
in dividual m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a data.
T h e B i n g h a m t o n s u r v e y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y the B u r e a u ' s
r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in N e w Y o r k , N . Y . , u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n
o f A n t h o n y J. F e r r a r a , A s s i s t a n t R e g i o n a l C o m m i s s i o n e r f o r
O p e r a t i o n s . T h e s u r v e y c o u l d n o t h a v e b e e n a c c o m p l i s h e d w ith o u t
the c o o p e r a t i o n o f the m a n y f i r m s w h o s e w a g e and s a l a r y da t a
p r o v i d e d the b a s i s f o r the s t a t i s t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n in t h is b u l l e t i n .
T h e B u r e a u w i s h e s to e x p r e s s s i n c e r e a p p r e c i a t i o n f o r the c o o p
eration r e ce iv e d .
Note:
A current
B in gham ton a r e a is
r e p o r t on o c c u p a t i o n a l
e a r n i n g s in the
a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r the m e t a l w o r k i n g i n d u s t r y .
Bulletin 1900-49
A rea W age Survey:
Bingham ton, New Y o rk -P e n n s y lv a n ia ,
November 1976
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, Julius Shiskin, Commissioner
M etropolitan A rea
July 1976
Contents
I n t r o d u c t i o n ____
Page
2
T a b l e s — C o n tin u e d
B.
T ables:
A.
Earnings:
A-l.
A -2.
A -3.
A -4 .
A -5.
W eek ly earn ings o f o f fic e w o r k e r s . . .
W eek ly earn ings of p r o fe s s io n a l
and t e c h n i c a l w o r k e r s _______________
A v e r a g e w e e k ly earn ings o f o f f i c e ,
p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l
w o r k e r s , b y s e x ______________________
H ou rly earn ings o f m a in ten a n ce,
to o lr o o m , and powerplant
w o r k e r s _________________________________
H ourly earn ings o f m a te r ia l
m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d i a l
w o r k e r s ____________________________
A - 6 . A v e r a g e h o u rly earn ings of
m ain ten ance, t o o lr o o m , p o w e r p l a n t , m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t , and
c u s t o d i a l w o r k e r s ,b y s e x ----------------A - l . P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e
h ou rly earn ings fo r se le c te d
o ccu p a tio n a l g r o u p s , adjusted
f o r e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s ________________
3
4
5
g
7
g
E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and
sup plem entary w age p r o v is io n s :
B - l . M in im u m en tran ce s a la r ie s
fo r in e x p e rie n ce d ty pists
and c l e r k s ______________________________ 1 0
B - 2 , L a t e shif t pa y p r o v i s i o n s f o r
f u l l - t i m e m a n u f a c t u r i n g pla n t
w o r k e r s _________________________________ 1 1
B - 3 . S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s and d a y s
of fu ll-tim e first-sh ift
w o r k e r s _________________________________ 1 2
B - 4 . A n n u a l p a id h o l i d a y s f o r f u l l - t i m e
w o r k e r s _________________________________ 13
B - 5 . Paid v a cation p r o v is io n s fo r
f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s _____________________ 14
B - 6 . H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n
p la n p r o v i s i o n s f o r f u l l - t i m e
w o r k e r s _________________________________ l g
A pp end ix A .
A ppendix B.
S c o p e and m e t h o d o f s u r v e y -------------- 1 9
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ----------------- 25
9
1
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O ffice, Washington, D. C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional
Offices listed on back cover. Price 85 cents. Make checks payable to
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Introduction
T h i s a r e a is 1 o f 84 in w h i c h th e U.S.
D epartm ent o f L a b o r 's Bureau o f L a b o r Statistics
c o n d u c t s s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and r e
lated b en e fits.
In t h is a r e a , data w e r e o b t a i n e d b y
p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s to r e
p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y
d iv is io n s : M anufacturing: tr a n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n i
c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ;
r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ;
and s e r v i c e s .
M a jo r industry grou ps exclu ded f r o m
t h e s e s t u d i e s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and th e c o n
s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E stablish m en ts
h a v in g f e w e r th an a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s
a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e o f i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in
th e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d ie d .
Sep arate tabu lation s are
p r o v id e d f o r each o f the b ro a d in du stry d iv is io n s
w hich m e e t pu blication c r it e r ia .
n u r s e s , s k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s w o r k e r s , and
u n s k i l l e d pla n t w o r k e r s .
W h e r e p o s s i b l e , da ta a r e
p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll i n d u s t r i e s , m a n u f a c t u r i n g , and
nonm an ufacturin g.
This table p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e o f
w a g e t r e n d s a f t e r e l i m i n a t i o n o f c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
e a r n i n g s c a u s e d b y e m p l o y m e n t s h if t s a m o n g e s t a b
l i s h m e n t s a s w e l l as t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n
c l u d e d in s u r v e y s a m p l e s .
F o r further deta ils, see
appendix A .
B - s e r i e s tables
T h e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s p r e s e n t i n f o r m a t i o n on
m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; la te
s hif t p a y p r o v i s i o n s and p r a c t i c e s f o r plant w o r k e r s
in m a n u f a c t u r i n g ; and data s e p a r a t e l y f o r p la n t and
o f f i c e w o r k e r s o n s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s and d a y s
o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s ; p a id h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ;
and h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s .
A - s e r i e s tables
T a b les A - l through A - 6 p r o v id e estim a tes
o f s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly o r h ourly earn ings fo r w o r k
e r s in o c c u p a t i o n s c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c
t u r i n g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s . O c c u p a t i o n s
w e r e s e l e c t e d f r o m th e f o l l o w i n g c a t e g o r i e s :
(a)
O f f i c e c l e r i c a l , (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l , (c)
m a i n t e n a n c e , t o o l r o o m , and p o w e r p l a n t , and (d) m a t e
r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d i a l .
In th e 31 l a r g e s t
s u r v e y a r e a s , t a b l e s A - l a th r o u g h A - 6 a p r o v i d e
s i m i l a r da ta f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g 500 w o r k
ers or m o re .
A pp end ixes
A p p e n d i x A d e s c r i b e s th e m e t h o d s and c o n
c e p t s u s e d in th e a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m .
It
p r o v i d e s i n f o r m a t i o n o n the s c o p e o f th e a r e a s u r v e y ,
on th e a r e a ' s i n d u s t r i a l c o m p o s i t i o n in m a n u f a c t u r
in g, and on l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t c o v e r a g e .
T a b l e A - l p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t c h a n g e s in a v
e r a g e h ou rly earnings o f o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s ,
e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , i n d u s t r i a l
A ppendix B p r o v id e s jo b d e s c r ip tio n s used
by B u re a u fie ld e c o n o m i s t s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s by
o ccu pation.
2
A.
Earnings
Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Binghamton, N .Y.—Pa., July 1976
Number of w orkers receiving straight-tim e weekly earnings o f—
W eek ly earnings 1
(standard)
Number
O ccu p ation and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
of
w ork en
s
A vera ge
w eek ly
Hour1
(standard]
M ean 2
M edian 2
M id d le ra n g e2
s
%
S
S
S
S
S
90
95
100
110
120
130
140
90 * 95
100
110
120
130
140
6
5
1
13
6
7
-
2
*
29
24
5
•
-
-
-
5
5
1
1
-
85
and
under
S
S
S
210
220
240
260
280
1 ----- 1 ---300 320
210
??o
2A0
260
280
300
320 over
46
45
1
109
102
7
49
35
14
35
30
5
26
24
2
14
12
2
4
4
-
2
2
32
32
*
•
-
4
4
1
-
-
-
-
5
4
*4
A
7
7
-
7
5
2
5
5
*
5
5
-
14
11
3
15
13
2
31
29
2
24
23
1
9
8
1
.
-
15
18
37
93
25
•
-
1
1
9
9
4
•
-
2
•
-
•
-
-
5
-
27
-
-
.
-
•
-
•
-
.
-
•
-
*
-
“
*
*
S
S
S
S
150
160
170
180
190
200
150
160
170
180
190
200
25
16
9
45
37
8
2A
18
6
26
25
1
37
37
-
25
2A
1
32
30
2
•
*
2
2
2
2
1
1
6
6
1
1
8
8
*
12
10
2
A
4
A
A
-
-
5
5
-
4
-
13
5
16
10
24
18
4
13
6
5
-
16
-
2
-
S
S
S
S
and
ALL WORKERS
SECRETARIES — -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING-------------------- ---------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------
577
506
71
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
$
2 0 2 .5 0
2 0 4 .5 0
1 8 8 .5 0
$
2 0 8 .0 0
2 0 9 .0 0
1 5 7 .0 0
$
$
1 6 0 .0 0 - 2 3 5 .0 0
1 6 7 .5 0 - 2 3 3 .0 0
1 3 6 .0 0 - 2 4 5 .0 0
-
SECRETARIES? CLASS A ---------------- -------MANUFACTURING---------------- --------------------
30
26
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
2 1 8 .5 0
2 2 3 .0 0
1 9 2 .5 0
1 9 2 .5 0
1 7 0 .5 0 - 3 0 1 .5 0
1 7 2 .0 0 - 3 0 1 .5 0
•
•
-
-
-
-
SECRETARIES. CLASS B ------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------- — —
NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------
156
138
18
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
2 2 7 .0 0
2 3 0 .5 0
1 9 8 .0 0
2 4 0 .0 0
2 4 5 .5 0
2 1 5 .0 0
1 7 9 .0 0 - 2 7 6 .5 0
1 8 2 .0 0 - 2 7 8 .0 0
1 1 9 .0 0 - 2 5 1 .5 0
•
-
•
-
_
-
SECRETARIES. CLASS C -------------------------
270
4 0 .0
2 0 9 .0 0
2 1 6 .0 0
1 9 3 .5 0 - 2 3 1 .0 0
-
-
-
-
1
SECRETARIES. CLASS 0 ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------— ------ ----------
121
35
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
1 5 2 .0 0
1 6 8 .5 0
1 4 6 .0 0
1 4 5 .5 0
1 2 7 .0 0 - 1 7 1 .0 0
1 3 4 .0 0 - 2 3 4 .0 0
•
•
-
6
5
-
-
-
1
STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL ------------------ ------
61
4 0 .0
1 7 0 .0 0
1 7 0 .0 0
1 5 2 .0 0 - 1 9 2 .0 0
-
-
-
1
STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------ ------
193
20
4 0 .0
3 8 .5
1 7 4 .0 0
1 7 2 .0 0
1 7 8 .0 0
1 8 3 .5 0
1 6 5 .0 0 - 1 9 0 .0 0
1 2 7 .5 0 - 2 2 2 .5 0
-
•
•
6
-
-
-
2
TY PISTS. CLASS 8 ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------- ---------- ------
31
23
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 2 6 .5 0
1 2 3 .5 0
1 2 1 .0 0
1 2 0 .0 0
1 1 8 .0 0 - 1 3 3 .0 0
1 1 8 .5 0 - 1 3 2 .0 0
•
-
1
*
1
1
MESSENGERS -------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------- -------- ------ --------
24
17
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
1 0 8 .5 0
1 1 1 .5 0
1 0 6 .5 0
1 1 2 .0 0
9 6 .0 0 -1 1 4 .5 0
9 6 .0 0 -1 1 6 .0 0
i
-
3
3
SWITCHBOARO OPERATORS -------------- -------- —
MANUFACTURING --------------------------------- —
NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------
32
16
16
3 9 .0
4 0 .0
3 7 .5
1 4 6 .5 0
1 5 9 .5 0
1 3 4 .0 0
1 3 9 .0 0
1 5 8 .0 0
1 0 5 .0 0
1 0 5 .0 0 - 1 8 5 .0 0
1 2 1 .0 0 - 1 8 4 .0 0
1 0 0 .0 0 - 1 8 8 .5 0
4
4
-
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------
30
17
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
1 1 6 .0 0
1 2 6 .0 0
1 1 1 .5 0
1 2 0 .0 0
1 0 0 .0 0 - 1 3 4 .0 0
1 1 3 .0 0 - 1 3 5 .0 0
ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A ---------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
52
A0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 4 7 .0 0
1 4 6 .5 0
1 5 0 .0 0
1 5 0 .0 0
1 3 0 .0 0 - 1 6 4 .5 0
1 3 0 .0 0 - 1 6 5 .0 0
ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B ---------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- --------
70
48
22
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
1 2 3 .5 0
1 2 1 .0 0
1 2 8 .0 0
1 2 2 .0 0
1 2 0 .0 0
1 3 5 .0 0
1 1 5 .0 0 - 1 3 5 .0 0
1 1 4 .0 0 - 1 3 5 .0 0
1 1 8 .5 0 - 1 4 0 .0 0
PAYROLL CLERKS ---------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- -----------------
36
30
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 2 8 .0 0
1 2 9 .5 0
1 3 2 .0 0
1 3 2 .0 0
1 1 8 .0 0 - 1 3 8 .0 0
1 2 0 .0 0 - 1 3 8 .0 0
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS. CLASS A -------------------MANUFACTURING-------- -------------------- -----------------------
43
42
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 6 9 .5 0
1 7 0 .5 0
1 5 7 .0 0
1 5 8 .5 0
1 3 4 .5 0 - 2 0 7 .0 0
1 3 6 .5 0 - 2 0 7 .5 0
KEYPUNCH OPERATORS. CLASS B -------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- -------------- -----------
48
37
*
W o r k e r s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s :
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
1 3 2 .0 0
1 3 4 .5 0
1 3 2 .0 0
1 3 4 .0 0
1 2 8 .0 0 - 1 4 0 .0 0
1 2 8 .0 0 - 1 4 2 .5 0
-
•
-
-
-
5
17
9
2
-
2
5
11
9
9
2
6
14
-
-
9
1
5
4
5
8
6
1
23
-
A0
*
A2
16
-
A
3
20
-
-
9
8
1
8
7
9
8
5
5
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
2
6
3
7
6
*
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
•
5
2
1
1
4
4
-
1
1
1
1
*
2
2
*
1
1
-
2
2
-
3
2
1
1
1
*
1
-
3
1
2
1
-
•
-
1
2
1
1
-
2
-
8
-
a
2
2
8
-
.
•
-
-
-
•
7
-
-
1
1
1
-
1
-
6
3
9
6
4
A
A
2
2
•
3
1
1
.
5
14
1
1
A
A
1
1
•
11
9
6
3
A
2
-
1
1
16
17
14
12
10
2
5
1
2
5
8
1
.
6
15
A
.
4
13
A
2
1
•
6
1
1
5
-
-
-
1
1
4
4
7
7
7
2
2
3
7
3
2
2
2
2
11
11
1
1
•
6
5
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
_
-
.
-
-
-
-
2
1
1
•
-
4
4
5
5
13
4
4
10
2 at $ 3 2 0 to $ 3 4 0 ; and 2 at $34 0 to $ 3 6 0 .
See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
A
13
_
-
-
7
1
3
1
-
3
3
•
•
1
6
6
2
2
•
_
-
.
-
-
-
-
T a b le A -2 . W e e k ly earnings of professional and tech n ical w orkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., July 1976
W eek ly earnings *
O ccu p a tion
and
Number
of
w ork en
in d u stry d iv ision
N um ber o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t-t im e w e e k ly ea rn in gs of—
$
A v era g e
w eek ly
hours*
(standard
130
M ean *
M edian *
M id d le ranged
COMPUTER
CLASS
8
ANALYSTS
CLASS
--------------------— -------
B
PROGRAMMERS
s
s
$
170
180
190
$
200
S
210
S
220
S
230
S
240
$
250
$
260
S
$
$
270
280
290
$
*
300
320
s>
340
360
and
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
---------------------------------------------
COMPUTER
OPERATORS.
CLASS
A
COMPUTER
OPERATORS.
CLASS
B
M ANUFACTURING
$
$
$
4 0 .0
3 1 1 .0 0
3 1 4 .0 0
2 8 5 .0 0 - 3 3 2 .5 0
1
3
*
0
4
300
320
340
12
10
360 o v er
$
26
26
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
2 2 8 .5 0
2 2 8 .5 0
2 2 9 .0 0
2 2 9 .0 0
2 1 3 .0 0 - 2 4 5 .0 0
2 1 3 .0 0 - 2 4 5 .0 0
-
-
-
-
------------
77
4 0 .0
2 3 3 .0 0
2 3 3 .0 0
2 1 0 .0 0 - 2 5 4 .0 0
-
-
-
-
-
1
56
52
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 8 0 .5 0
1 8 2 .5 0
1 7 6 .5 0
1 7 8 .0 0
1 6 6 .0 0 - 1 9 0 .5 0
1 7 2 .0 0 - 1 9 2 .5 0
1
4
3
8
7
16
“
2
2
IS
10
10
-----------------— -------
4 0 .0
2 6 1 .0 0
2 5 4 .0 0
2 2 0 .0 0 - 3 1 3 .0 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
3
1
3
2 3 5 .5 0
2 4 0 .0 0
2 2 3 .0 0 - 2 6 0 .0 0
-
-
2
-
2
2
6
-
5
17
DRAFTERS.
CLASS
A
------------------------------------------- —
26
DRAFTERS,
CLASS
B
--------------------------------------------------
89
TECH N ICIAN S
--------------------------------
_
5
5
4
4
3
3
7
2
2
1
1
_
.
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
14
3
13
6
7
17
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
6
6
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
1
2
-
-
3
1
0
-
-
-
9
21
2
8
15
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
S
3 9 .5
2 5 7 .0 0
2 6 0 .0 0
2 2 9 .5 0 - 2 8 8 .0 0
-
-
-
-
1
5
4
18
18
18
15
14
33
25
19
27
47
1l
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
2
6
9
14
17
16
27
19
11
-
-
-
-
-
5
4
13
18
16
9
5
7
8
3
-
28
-
-
-
-
4
-
4
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
TE C H N IC IA N S,
CLASS
A -
126
4 0 .0
2 7 1 .0 0
2 7 6 .5 0
2 5 1 .5 0 - 2 8 9 .0 0
ELECTRON ICS
TE C H N IC IAN S.
CLASS
B -
116
3 9 .5
2 4 2 .5 0
2 3 0 .0 0
2 1 3 .0 0 - 2 7 6 .0 0
-
-
-
1 9 0 .0 0 - 2 5 1 .0 0
1 9 0 .0 0 - 2 5 1 .0 0
.
.
_
23
23
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
2 2 0 .0 0
2 2 0 .0 0
2 1 1 .0 0
2 1 1 .0 0
See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
3
255
ELECTRON ICS
R E G ISTE R EO IN D U S T R IA L NURSES
M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----------------------------------
7
4
4
(B U SIN E SS).
---------------------------------------------------------------------
M ANUFACTURING
ELECTRON ICS
160
54
o
SYSTEMS
(B U S IN E S S ),
150
*
WORKERS
O
COMPUTER
140
S
and
under
140
ALL
S
$
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
Table A -3 . Average w eekly earnings of office, professional, and technical w orkers, by sex,
in B in g h am to n, N .Y .—Pa., July 1976
A v era g e
(m e a n 2 )
Sex,
3
o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS
SECRETARIES
-
Number
of
w o ik e n
A vera ge
(m ea n 2 )
W eek ly
heurs 1
(standard)
W eek ly
earnings 1
(standard)
4 0 .0
2 0 2 .5 0
S e x, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n
WOMEN
------------------------------------------------------------------
OFFICE OCCUPATIONS
WOMEN— CONTINUEO
575
Number
of
workers
W eek ly
h ou rs1
(standard)
A vera ge
(m e a n 2 )
W eek ly
earnings1
(standard)
S ex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n
Num ber
of
workers
W eekly
hours 1
(standard)
W eek ly
earnings 1
(standard)
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED
*■
$ ..
$
.
1 1 6 * 0 0 COMPUTER OPERATORS? CLASS A
39*5
„ . „
_ ^
_
39* 5
« . *-
- a,
r- _ r-
Al
SA
DRAFTERS? CLASS A
,,
156
18
268
wn C. 1 M11 A Ww *
VL. ” J _}
127 *00
4 0 .0
r
, r_^
u
AYKQLL uLcKlxb
126
" " " "
^
35
3 8 .5
1 6 8 *50
192
4 0 .0
1 7 3 .5 0
31
26
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 2 6 .5 0
1 2 3 .5 0
ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS. CLASS B KEYPUNCH OPERATORS* CLASS A
—
—
2 7 1 .0 0
. . .
—
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
r\L T r U N U 1 V/* uKfl 1U K j j
LL A j j
D
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN
18
DRAFTERS. CLASS
16
16
S ee fo o tn o te s
4 0 .0
3 7 .5
1 4 6 .5 0
1 5 9 .5 0
1 3 4 ,0 0
-------------------------------------------------
REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES —
a
50
v L n sjj u
at en d o f t a b l e s .
B
5
4 0 .0
3 1 3 .0 0
15
—
23
1 8 2 .0 0
4 0 .0
2 2 5 .0 0
2 2 0 *0 0
2 2 0 .0 0
T able A -4 .
H ourly earnings of m a in ten a n c e , toolroom , and p o w e rp la n t w orkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., Ju ly 1976
-lourly ea lungs
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u rly e a rn in g s o f—
4
2
$
$
$
4 .8 0
5 .0 0
5.
5
20 5 .4 0
S
4 .6 0
5 .6 0
5.
5 . 40 5 . 6 0
5 .8 0
6 . 00
-
%
s
S
6 .2 0
s
6 .4 Q
s
6 .8 0
s
7 .2 0
6 .2 0
6 .4 0
'.2 0
'• t o
4
4
*
-
-
-
15
15
1
1
3
1
-
3
-
-
1
1
2
2
5
5
S
s
i
7 .6 0
8 .0 0
8 .4 0
o
o
CO
M iddle range
s
4 .4 0
s
4 .0 0
S
4 .2 0
$
3 .6 0
G
CO
•
vO
*
3 .4 0
O
©
M edian
3 .2 0
U n d e r and
®
under
s
3 .8 0
'C
M ean2
S
©
00
O ccup ation and in du stry d iv isio n
%
8 .4 0
over
-
2
*
2
.
-
-
•
.
and
3 20
3 .4 0
3 .6 0
3 .8 0
4 .0 0
4 .2 0
4 .4 0
4 .6 0
4 .8 0
5 .0 0
5 .2 0
ALL WORKERS
MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS ------------------------m a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------------------
$
5 .3 0
4 .5 5
$
5 .1 6
4 .2 0
$
3 .6 8 3 .5 8 -
$
6 .0 5
5 .5 5
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
1
1
"
1
1
-
*
“
2
2
1
1
1
1
MAINTENANCE e l e c t r i c i a n s --------------------m a n u f a c t u r in g — — — - — -----— — —
5 .0 5
4 .9 6
5 .4 6
5 .1 6
3 . 9 5 - 6 .0 '5
3 .9 5 - 6 .0 5
2
2
4
4
3
3
2
2
4
4
3
3
.
"
3
2
2
-
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
-
3
- -
MAINTENANCE m a c h i n i s t s ------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------
6 .2 4
6 .0 6
5 .8 5
5 .8 5
5 . 6 3 - 6 .9 0
5 . 6 3 - 6 .7 5
-
.
-
.
_
•
2
2
•
1
-
1
-
7
7
4
4
109
107
4 .7 5
4 .7 8
5 .5 0
5 .5 0
3 .8 5 - 5 .5 0
3 . e 8 - 5 .5 0
6
6
4
4
9
8
5
4
9
9
12
12
2
2
.
-
2
2
•
*
51
51
b
“
2
2
1
“
1
6
*
5m
5 .8 0
7 .2 4
7 .2 4
4 .6 6
7 .7 9
7 .7 9
4 .4 1 7 .2 6 7 .2 6 -
7 .7 9
7 .8 3
7 .8 3
3
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
*
-
1
1
1
-
“
-
-
*
11
2
2
15
26
26
-
-
2
2
2
(TOOLROOM) -
67
6 .3 9
6 .6 3
5 .6 3 -
6 .9 8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
TOOL AND DIE MAKERS-------------------------------
247
7 .0 6
7 .1 3
6 . 5 0 - 7 .7 4
*
•
~
2
•
MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MACHINERY) m a n u f a c t u r in g
--------------------------------------
MAINTENANCE MECHANICS
(MOTOR VEHICLES) -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------— — ----------------PUBLIC U TILITIE S --------------------------MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS
See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
6
-
*
1
1
*
i
1
i
*
•
1
*
*
•
-
•
*
*
*
-
19
19
19
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
2
3
5
-
13
2
2
4
7
15
26
6
3
-
*
2
4
8
4
9
2
7
49
41
47
39
29
-
-
4
T ab le A -5 .
Hourly earnings of m a terial m ovem ent and custodial w o rkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—Pa., July 1976
N um ber o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t-t im e h o u rly earn in gs o f -----
Hourly earnings 4
O ccup ation and in d u stry d iv is io n
" 5 ---------- S
S
Number
of
worker,
2 .3 0
Mean *
Me di an*
Middle range *
J
S
S
<
r
s
S
S
S
S
5
S
S
S
S
S
i .9 0
3 .
00
3 .1 0
3 .2 0
3 .3 0
3 . 40
3 .6 0
3 .8 0
4 .0 0
4 .2 0
4 .4 0
4 .6 0
4 .8 0
5 .0 0
5 .2 0
5 .4 0
3 .
10
3 .2 0
3 .3 0
3 .4 0
3 . 60
3 .8 0
4 ,Q 0
4 .2 0
4 .4 0
4 .6 0
4 .8 0
5
5,2 0
5 ,4 0
5 .6 0
2 .4 0
2 .5 0
2 .6 0
2 .7 0
2 .8 0
2 .5 0
2 .6 0
2 .7 0
2 .8 0
2 .9 0
S
3
3
" I --------
and
under
2 .4 0
5 .6 0
and
.00
.00
over
ALL WORKERS
TRUCKDRIVERS -------------NONMANUFACTURING ------PUBLIC U TILITIE S -------------------
196
$
4*83
1.20
87
5 .0 5
4 .3 8
$
3 .5 0 3 .3 8 -
$
5 .2 0
7 .7 9
-
2
2
5
-
-
-
45
6 .3 7
7 .7 9
4 .0 8 -
7 .7 9
*
-
-
*
-
*
5
•
-
-
-
•
-
1
-
*
“
-
*
*
-
4
4
-
3
-
1
4
5
TRUCKDRIVERS* LIGHT TRUCK ------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------
28
3 .4 9
3 .3 5
3 .0 6 -
3 .9 5
•
21
3 .3 3
3 .3 0
2 .5 0 -
3 .3 5
-
2
2
5
TRUCKDRIVERS. MEDIUM TRUCK —
MANUFACTURING ---------------- -------------
56
34
4 .2 0
4 .4 6
4 .0 8
3 .4 0 -
5 .2 0
.
.
-
5 .2 0
3 .4 0 -
5 .2 0
*
*
*
100
3 .5 8
3 .5 0
3 .0 9 -
4 .0 3
-
.
-
4
-
*
4
WAREHOUSEMEN — ------------------ ---------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------
*
*
10
7
-
3
-
-
“
*
3 .5 0
3 .1 0 -
3 .8 1
2 .5 0 -
4 .3 8
5
93
4 .2 0
4 .1 3
4 .1 8
4 .1 7
3 .7 2 -
4 .7 5
-
.
•
.
.
3 .7 2 -
4 .4 3
*
*
-
“
-
2
2
3 .2 5 -
4 .4 5
.
-
•
-
7
3 .9 4
4 .2 0
3 .2 5 -
4 .4 5
-
-
-
MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS --------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
68
3 .2 3
3 .1 5
2 .7 5 -
3 .8 3
6
4
*
1
1
-
2
2
12
12
7
5
3
4
5
5
•
_
“
*
*
*
4
4
“
*
4
4
5 .4 5
-
-
•
-
_
-
1
4
5 .4 5
*
“
*
”
4
16
7
95
94
4 .5 9
4 .5 8
4 .6 4
3 .9 3 -
4 .6 1
3 .9 4 -
413
149
3 .3 4
3 .2 5
3 .5 6
3 .5 8
3 .0 0 2 .9 5 -
3 .6 0
3 .8 7
10
8
3
14
41
1
n
11
13 at $ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 .8 0 ; and 1 at $ 5 .8 0 to $ 6 .
See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
.
*
-
3 .8 3
5 .0 1
5 .0 1
W o r k e r s w e r e at $ 7 .6 0 to $ 7 .8 0 .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is trib u te d as f o llo w s :
1
1
*
-
2 .9 5 4 .0 0 4 .0 0 -
JANITORS* PORTERS* AND CLEANERS
MANUFACTURING -------------------------------
2
2
“
_
3 .6 6
4 .6 0
GUAROS AND WATCHMEN -----------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------- --------------
7
4
7
1
“
3 .4 0
4 .4 2
4 .4 2
4 .6 0
-
3
9
_
6
91
-
9
2
2
2
91
d
FORKLIFT OPERATORS -------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
-
3
3 .5 0
4 .2 0
15
11
3 .5 7
3 .9 4
21
3
“
3 .6 0
68
68
4
*
_
73
SHIPPING PACKERS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------
5
*
3
27
84
3
-
2
2
5
-
ORDER FILLERS -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------- --------------
*
**
-
-
7
10
7
2
2
_
*
2
2
6
7
2
1
6
1
-
*
-
9
14
9
-
-
-
1
3
“
*
-
5
7
1
3
*
2
10
1
3
4
2
12
10
2
1
1
4
4
14
13
1
18
18
3
-
2
2
2
2
23
23
*
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
8
8
5
5
1
1
6
6
1
1
2
2
3
.
5
5
19
*
2
2
9
3
9
19
15
107
9
14
3
91
5
13
10
3
5
13
7
1
1
15
15
7
•
7
•
1
1
6
6
3
3
8
8
1
1
-
12
3
-
-
-
3
-
-
20
20
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
2
2
-
3
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
3
•
3
-
-
3
6
6
7
7
20
20
-
9
16
9
16
1
1
2
2
1
1
37
4
3
37
4
•
9
-
.
-
28
28
-
1
12
12
-
-
9
2
2
3
-
3
-
12
12
*28
77
3
2
1
1
-
-
•
1
2
5
-
11
11
2
1
1
6
8
-
5
16
5
8
8
2
2
6
6
2
2
14
14
-
8
-
*
-
.
•
-
-
-
5
5
5
8
8
_
16
-
5
6
6
17
**14
17
14
5
5
T a b le A -6 . A verage hourly earnings of m a in ten a n c e , to o lro o m ,
p o w e rp la n t, m a te ria l m o vem en t, and custodial w orkers,
by sex, in B ingham ton, N .Y . —P a., July 1976
Sex,
3
o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
A vera ge
(m e a n 2 )
hourly
earnings4
S ex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n
MAINTENANCE. TOOLROOM, AND
POWERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - MEN
m a t e r ia l
movement
OCCUPATIONS -
and
Number
of
workers
A verage
(m e a n 2 )
hourly
earnings 4
c u s t o d ia l
MEN— CONTINUED
$
MA
INTtNANCt. LLLL
1 K l v # l
ANb
3
. . .
MAINTENANCE MACHINISTS
MANUFACTURING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
23
6 .0 6
MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MACHINERY) -
109
4 .7 5
NANUr A v 1 U K l N v
PUBLIC U TILITIE S
h'
"
"
-------------------------------------
26
7 .2 4
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS (TOOLROOM) -
87
6 .3 9
SHIPPING PACKERS
n A
1 L N I n i .
V 1M l *
a
----------------------------------------------------
67
3 .9 3
1 . \j
3 .4 0
MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN
4 .8 3
JANITORS* PORTERS* AND CLEANERS
See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s.
8
—
-*
, „
Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected
occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts,
in Binghamton, N.Y.—Pa., for selected periods
Industry and o c c u p a tio n a l group
(m en and w om en co m b in e d )
A ll in d u s t r ie s :
O ffic e c l e r i c a l ___________ _____
. _
__ ______
E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g ______ _ . _ _ _
In d u strial n u r s e s __________ _________ ______ ______
S killed m ain ten an ce tr a d e s * * * ___________ ________
U nskilled plant w o r k e r s * * * ____________ ____________
M a n u fa ctu rin g :
_________ _____________ _ _ -------------O ffic e c l e r i c a l .
E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g _ . ___________________
In d u strial n u r s e s ________________________ ____________
S k illed m ain ten an ce tr a d e s * * * ________ ___________
U n sk illed plant w o r k e r s * * * _______________________
*
**
***
July 1972
to
July 1973
5.6
July 1973
to
July 1974
7.1
7.0
*
10.6
8.1
5.1
5.9
7.1
6.9
6.1
J u ly 1974
to
July 1975
7.5
6.1
7.7
7.5
7.2
**
**
*
6.7
5.1
5.8
10.6
8.2
8.1
7.1
5.9
7.7
7.5
9.5
Data not a v a ila b le .
Data do not m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r i a .
P e r c e n t in c r e a s e s f o r p e r io d s ending p r io r to 1976 r e la te to m en only.
9
July 1975
to
July 1976
5.6
**
6.0
7.6
5.0
>!es{e
**
6.0
7.4
8.9
B. Establishm ent practices and supplem entary w ag e provisions
Table B-1. Minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced typists and clerks in Binghamton, N.Y.—Pa., July 1976
In e x p e rie n ce d ty p ists
M anufacturin g
M in im u m w eek ly s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r y 5
A ll
in d u s tr ie s
71
ESTABLISHMENTS HAVING A SPECIFIED
MINIMUM ---------------------------------------------------------
14
S 8 5 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 8 7 .5 0 -------------------$ 8 7 .5 0 AND UNDER $ 9 0 .0 0 --------------------$ 9 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 9 2 .5 0 --------------------$ 9 2 .5 0 AND UNDER $ 9 5 .0 0 -------------------$ 9 5 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 9 7 .5 0 -------------------$ 9 7 .5 0 AND UNDER $ 1 0 0 .0 0 ------------------
1
5
-
A ll
s ch e d u le s
XXX
XXX
7
3
25
1
-
3
1
*
*
1
*
1
*
ESTABLISHMENTS HAVING NO SPECIFIED
MINIMUM ------------------------------- -------------------------
5
3
ESTABLISHMENTS WHICH DID NOT EMPLOY
WORKERS IN THIS CATEGORY --------------------
52
18
1
-
“
10
13
5
5
-
3
1
1
1
-
*
2
“
4
1
1
*
1
1
1
*
-
5
4
4
*
1
1
1
•
1
1
1
“
*
1
1
1
2
1
“
“
*
1
1
*
“
1
“
4
1
"
1
-
“
XXX
XXX .
-
1
1
“
*
1
*
1
1
“
*
1
1
“
“
1
"
1
“
1
*
1
2
XXX
28
11
XXX
17
XXX
XXX
34
XXX
18
5
XXX
13
XXX
. XXX
See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
12
2t
8
2
1
*
*
-
3 7VZ
43
6
1
1
1
*
40
XXX
7
1
1
1
-
A ll
s ch e d u le s
40
28
-
2
1
1
A ll ‘
s ch e d u le s
40
N onm an u factu rin g
B a sed on standard w eek ly h ou rs 7 o f—
71
43
2
*
M an u factu rin g
A ll
in d u s trie s
XXX
XXX
2
2
40
28
2
$ 1 0 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 0 5 .0 0 --------------$ 1 0 5 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 1 0 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 1 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 1 5 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 1 5 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 2 0 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 2 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 2 5 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 2 5 .0 0 AND UNOER $ 1 3 0 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 3 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 3 5 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 3 5 .0 0 ANO UNDER $ 1 4 0 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 4 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 4 5 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 4 5 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 5 0 .0 0 --------- -----$ 1 5 0 .0 0 AND UNDER $ 1 5 5 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 5 5 .0 0 and UNDER $ 1 6 0 .0 0 ---------------$ 1 6 0 .0 0 AND OVER ------------------------------------
N on m an u factu rin g
B a se d on standard w eek ly h ou rs 7 of---A ll
s ch e d u le s
ESTABLISHMENTS STUDIED -----------------------
O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l jw o r k e r s 6
10
Table B -2 . Late s h ift pay provisions for fu ll-tim e m anu factu rin g
plant w orkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., July 1976
(A ll f u ll - t im e m a n u fa ctu rin g p l ant w o r k e r s = 100 p e r c e n t)
W o r k e r s on late shifts
A ll w o r k e r s 8
Item
S econd sh ift
T h ird sh ift
Secon d sh ift
T h ird shift
IN ESTABLISHMENTS WITH LATE SHIFT PROVISIONS ----------
9 2 .4
8 8 .3
1 1 .4
3 .2
WITH NO PAY DIFFERENTIAL FOR LATE SHIFT WORK ---------WITH PAY DIFFERENTIAL FOR LATE SHIFT WORK ---------------UNIFORM CENTS-PER-HOUR DIFFERENTIAL ------------------------UNIFORM PERCENTAGE DIFFERENTIAL --------------------------------OTHER DIFFERENTIAL -------------------------------------------------------------
1 .3
9 1 .1
5 1 .3
3 9 .8
-
1 .3
8 7 .0
4 7 .2
3 9 .8
*
.1
1 1 .3
5 .0
6 .3
-
.2
3 .0
1 .4
1 .6
*
1 3 .4
9 .2
1 8 .4
1 1 .8
1 6 .0
9 .8
2 1 .9
1 2 .6
1 3 .2
9 .0
1 .8
1 3 .7
6 .0
2 .9
4 .8
-
1 3 .5
1 .8
9 .1
.9
1 9 .0
2 .9
.7
.5
.1
1 .5
.7
.7
.7
-
.1
.2
(9 )
.7
.2
-
.1
1 .5
.1
PERCENT OF WORKERS
AVERAGE PAY DIFFERENTIAL
UNIFORM CENTS-PER-HOUR DIFFERENTIAL ----------------------------UNIFORM PERCENTAGE DIFFERENTIAL ------------------------------------PERCENT OF WORKERS BY TYPE AND
AMOUNT OF PAY DIFFERENTIAL
UNIFORM CENTS-PER-HOURS
5 CENTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------10 CENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------12 CENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------IS AND UNDER 16 CtNTS -----------------------------------------------20 CENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------22 CENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------25 CENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------28 CENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------UNIFORM PERCENTAGE!
5 PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------------------------7 PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------------------------8 PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------------------------10 PERCENT ----------------------------------------------------------------------12 AND UNOEP 13 PERCENT ------------------------------------------15 PERCENT -----------------------------------------------------------------------
3 .1
4 .9
•
3 1 .8
•
S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
11
-
3 .1
8 .2
2 6 .2
2 .2
.5
-
5.8
-
T able B -3 .
Scheduled w e e k ly hours and days of fu ll-tim e firs t-s h ift w o rkers in B ingham ton, N .Y . —P a., July 1976
Plant w o r k e r s
O ffic e w o r k e r s
Item
A ll in d u s trie s
M an ufacturin g
N on m anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s
A ll in d u strie s
M a n u fa ctu rin g
No nm anuf a ctu r ing
P u b lic u tilitie s
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1
8
1
21
33
8
29
•
-
PERCENT OF WORKERS 8Y SCHEDULED
WEEKLY HOURS AMO DAYS
ALL FULL-TIME WORKERS ---------------------2A
35
36
37
37
38
AO
A3
A5
A6
50
HOURS-A DAYS -----------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS -----------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS -----------------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS -----------------------------------------1 / ? HOURS-5 OAYS --------------------------------1 /3 HOURS-5 OAYS --------------------------------HOURS-5 DAYS -----------------------------------------1 /2 HOURS-5 OAYS --------------------------------HOURS-6 DAYS -----------------------------------------HOURS-6 D A Y S ------------------------------------- —
HOURS-5 OAYS ------------------------------------------
100
1
3
(1 0 )
(1 0 )
6
87
(1 0 )
1
1
(1 0 )
A
96
(1 0 )
3 9 .7
3 9 .9
-
A
13
1
(1 0 )
11
61
100
-
3
(1 0 )
7
12
3
75
*
AO.O
3 9 .3
-
c
3
5
-
2
98
-
-
•
•
•
19
.
81
.
.
-
"
-
3 9 .9
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
AVERAGE SCHEDULED
WEEKLY HOIJOS
ALL WEEKLY WORK SCHEDULES ---------------------
3 9 .0
S ee fo o tn o te at end of t a b le s .
12
T a b le B -4 . A nnual paid holidays for fu ll-tim e w orkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., July 1976
P lan t w o r k e r s
O ffic e w o r k e r s
Item
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
N onirtanufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
N on m anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s
PERCENT OF WORKERS
ALL FULL-TIME WORKERS ----------------------IN ESTABLISHMENTS NOT PROVIDING
PAID HOLIDAYS -----------------------------------------IN ESTABLISHMENTS PROVIDING
PAID HOLIOAYS ------------------------------------------
100
100
(1 0 )
(1 0 )
*
100
100
100
100
100
100
1
-
3
-
100
99
100
97
100
99
100
99
8 .8
9 .3
7 .1
1 0 .9
1 0 .0
1 0 .0
9 .9
1 1 .0
1
1
1
20
11
4
(1 0 )
2
3
2
7
18
25
1
2
1
(1 0 )
1
9
14
3
(1 0 )
4
3
9
23
32
2
-
J
4
55
6
(1 0 )
5
“
2
3
5
6
7
-
(1 0 )
(10>
(1 0 )
7
5
3
2
1
2
1
5
21
43
1
(1 0 )
2
8
1
3
3
2
7
30
43
-
•
2
*
7
1
(1 0 )
2
*
(1 0 )
1
*
18
5
(1 0 )
2
*
1
2
43
3
23
1
99
99
99
92
84
82
82
80
74
53
10
9
1
100
100
99
98
89
86
86
84
75
45
2
2
AVERAGE NUMBER OF PAID HOLIDAYS
FOR WORKERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS
PROVIDING HOLIOAYS ------------------------------PERCENT OF WORKERS BY NUMBER
OF PAID HOLIDAYS PROVIDED
1
3
5
6
HOLIDAY ------------------------------------------------------HOLIDAYS ---------------------------------------------------HOLIDAYS ---------------------------------------------------HOLIDAYS ---------------------------------------------------PLUS 2 HALF DAYS --------------------------------7 HOLIDAYS ---------------------------— --------------------PLUS 1 HALF DAY ----------------------------------6 H OLID AYS------------------ --------------------------------PLUS 1 HALF D A Y ------------ ---------- — -------PLUS 2 HALF D A Y S ---------------------- ---------9 H OLID AYS----------------------------- ------------ — -----10 HOLIDAYS -------------------------------------------------11 HOLIDAYS -------------------------------------------------PLUS 1 HALF DAY ----------------------------------12 HOLIOAYS -------------------------------------------------15 HOLIDAYS -------------------------------------------------16 HOLIDAYS --------------------------------------------------
2
1
3
“
11
17
32
34
-
(1 0 )
ti
*
*
7
13
17
55
*
*
PERCENT OF WORKERS BY TOTAL
PAID HOLIDAY TIME PROVIDED11
3 DAYS OR MORE -------------------------------------------5 DAYS OR MORE — ------------------ --------------------6 DAYS OR M ORE-------------- -------- ---------- ---------7 DAYS OR MORE -------------------------------------------7 1 / 2 DAYS OR MORE ----------------------------------8 DAYS OR MORE -------------------------------------------8 1 / 2 DAYS OR MORE ----------------------------------9 DAYS OR MORE -------------------------------------------10 DAYS OR M ORE---------------- — --------------------11 DAYS OR M ORE--------------------------- -------------11 1 / 2 DAYS OR MORE --------------------------------12 DAYS OR MORE -----------------------------------------15 DAYS OR MORE-------------------- — -------- --------
99
98
97
77
62
62
60
58
48
30
4
3
1
100
100
99
90
73
73
73
69
57
34
2
2
2
94
90
90
35
29
29
23
23
21
18
13
7
(10>
100
100
100
98
97
97
94
94
83
66
66
34
S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .
13
2
99
98
98
80
75
75
73
73
72
69
27
23
1
100
100
lo o
98
91
91
91
91
84
72
72
55
T ab le B -5 .
Paid vacation provisions fo r fu ll-tim e w orkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., July 1976
P lan t w o r k e r s
Item
O ff ic e w o r k e r s
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
N on m an u factu rin g
P u b lic u tilitie s
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
N on m anufacturing
P u b lic u tilit ie s
ALL FULL-TIME WORKERS -----------------------
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
IN ESTABLISHMENTS NOT PROVIDING
PAID VACATIONS ---------------------------------------IN ESTABLISHMENTS PROVIDING
PAID VACATION S------------------ ------— ---------LENGTH-OF-TIME PAYMENT -------------------PERCENTAGE PAYMENT -----------------------------
-
-
-
-
100
9S
5
100
94
6
100
100
“
100
100
-
100
100
•
100
100
-
100
100
•
100
100
-
6 MONTHS OF SERVICE!
UNDER 1 WEEK ------------------------------------1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS -----------2 WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
15
A2
2
“
15
52
1
-
15
11
3
*
2
34
*
6
64
1
(1 0 )
4
78
1
1
10
37
2
-
2
23
-
1 YEAR OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK--------------------------------- ---------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS -----------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 ANO UNDER 3 WEEKS ------------
5A
6
38
1
48
8
44
-
72
1
21
3
28
72
*
17
2
80
1
13
3
84
“
24
(1 0 )
73
2
14
86
-
2 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS -----------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS ------------
36
A
57
3
36
5
56
3
38
59
3
2
98
8
2
89
1
8
3
89
*
9
88
2
6
94
3 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS -----------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
17
1
77
4
“
17
2
78
3
-
19
74
7
*
100
“
7
92
1
(1 0 )
8
92
*
6
91
2
1
100
-
A YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 WEEKS -----------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS --------—
OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS --------—
17
1
78
A
-
17
2
78
3
-
17
75
7
-
100
-
7
«
92
1
(1 0 )
8
92
-
5
92
2
1
100
•
-
5 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS ------------
A
62
10
2A
-
1
57
12
30
-
12
79
4
5
“
99
1
1
57
5
37
(1 0 )
50
6
A3
2
71
2
24
1
98
2
-
10 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS -----------A WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
A
27
3
A5
1
21
1
23
3
46
26
12
39
“
40
4
5
2
98
*
1
12
55
3
2d
11
48
A1
2
16
69
10
3
2
98
-
PERCENT OF WORKERS
-
-
-
AMOUNT OF PAID VACATION A F TE R :12
S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s .
14
Table B -5 .
Paid vacation provisions for fu ll-tim e w o rkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., July 1 9 7 6 — Continued
P lan t w o r k e r s
O ffic e w o r k e r s
Item
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
N onm anufacturin'g
P u b lic u tilitie s
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
N on m an u factu rin g
P u b lic u t ilit ie s
12 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER <♦ WEEKS-----------A WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
A
25
3
A7
1
21
1
20
3
A9
26
12
39
AO
A
5
2
90
-
1
12
56
3
28
10
•
A9
A1
2
16
•
69
10
3
2
•
98
-
15 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS -----------A WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
A
13
3
50
5
26
1
5
3
55
5
31
12
37
36
A
11
2
87
11
1
6
A9
6
39
2
A6
3
A9
2
15
53
12
18
•
2
83
•
15
20 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 wEcKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS -----------A WEEKS -----------------------------------------------5 WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
A
13
3
23
1
36
21
1
5
3
25
39
27
12
37
19
4
25
3
2
-
1
6
11
(1 0 )
55
28
.
2
-
2
15
•
9
•
2
•
25 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -------------------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS -------------------A WEEKS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------OVER A ANO UNDER S WEEKS -------------------5 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------6 WEEKS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
5
3
9
12
37
-
13
3
11
1
29
2
37
(1 0 )
-
-
AMOUNT OF PAID VACATION AFTER 12CONTINUED
30 YEARS OF SERVICE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 ANO UNDER A wEEKS -----------A WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER A AND UNDER 5 WEEKS -----------5 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------7 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------MAXIMUM VACATION AVAILABLE:
1 WEEK -------------------------------------------------2 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 2 AND UNDER 3 WEEKS -----------3 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------OVER 3 AND UNDER A WEEKS -----------A WEEKS ----------------------------------------------OVER A AND UNDER S WEEKS -----------5 WEEKS -----------------------------------------------7 WEEKS ------------------------------------------------
A
4
13
3
11
1
29
2
37
(1 0 )
-
38
3
A1
*
1
5
3
9
38
3
A1
*
u
1
13
3
5
3
9
25
3
5A
*
11
1
19
2
A7
(1 0 )
-
93
5
2
19
A
A
-
1
97
2A
(1 0 )
2
-
12
37
19
A
A
2A
(1 0 )
1
97
*
1
6
5
(1 0 )
3A
3
51
(1 0 )
73
1
95
•
2
-
2
15
-
3
•
3A
_
61
9
(1 0 )
32
12
29
(1 0 )
-
9
(1 0 )
32
10
32
(1 0 )
3
61
-
1
-
6
2
19
1
97
*
15
.
1
88
3
3A
-
58
3
7
•
2
2
2A
(1 0 )
2
2
15
-
A
A
-
•
2
-
5
(1 0 )
29
3
(1 0 )
A6
A1
12
37
S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s .
1
6
5
(1 0 )
3A
A
50
(1 0 )
11
-
3
•
27
2
15
2
9
(1 0 )
32
7
39
3
88
-
•
68
•
7
88
3
Table B -6 .
H e a lth , insurance, and pension plans for fu ll-tim e w o rkers in B ingham ton, N .Y .—P a., July 1976
Plant w o r k e r s
Item
A ll in d u strie s
M an u factu rin g
O ffic e w o r k e r s
N on m anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s
A ll in d u s trie s
M an u factu rin g
N on m anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s
100
100
100
100
PERCENT OF WORKERS
ALL FULL-TIME WORKERS -----------------------
100
100
100
100
IN ESTABLISHMENTS PROVIDING AT
LEAST ONE OF THE BENEFITS
SHOWN BELOW13- ----------------------------------------------
98
99
93
100
99
100
99
100
LIFE INSURANCE -------------------------------------------N0NC0NTRI8UT0RY PLANS -------------------------
94
59
99
60
78
57
100
100
98
67
99
64
93
74
100
98
ACCIDENTAL DEATH AND
DISMEMBERMENT INSURANCE ----------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -------------------------
73
48
73
48
73
45
100
68
79
55
82
54
72
58
98
81
SICKNESS AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE
OR SICK LEAVE OR BOTH 14-------------------------
67
74
46
98
88
91
82
98
31
28
34
31
23
19
86
86
33
31
30
27
39
39
94
94
46
48
42
83
78
68
60
90
12
15
2
-
4
1
LONG-TERM D ISABILITY
INSURANCE ----------------------------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTOWY PLANS -------------------------
32
21
40
26
8
4
5
5
54
35
67
41
27
24
8
8
HOSPITALIZATION INSURANCE --------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -------------------------
97
66
98
70
93
52
100
100
99
64
99
71
99
52
100
98
SURGICAL INSURANCE -----------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -------------------------
66
98
70
93
52
100
100
99
64
99
71
99
52
100
98
SICKNESS AND ACCIDENT
INSURANCE -----------------------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS --------------------SICK LEAVE (FULL PAY AND NO
WAITING PERIOD) ----------------------------------SICK LEAVE (PARTIAL PAY OR
WAITING PERIOD) -----------------------------------
97
n
MEDICAL INSURANCE -------------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -------------------------
97
66
98
70
93
52
100
100
99
64
99
71
99
52
100
98
MAJOR MEDICAL INSURANCE ------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -------------------------
94
65
96
71
86
47
100
100
98
64
99
71
96
51
100
98
DENTAL INSURANCE ---------------------------------------NONCONTRIBUTORY PLANS -------------------------
33
28
28
28
48
31
91
91
42
35
46
44
35
19
80
80
RETIREMENT PENSION -----------------------------------N0NC0NTRI8UT0RY PLANS -------------------------
77
60
85
51
42
77
77
92
81
95
80
88
90
90
66
See fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s .
16
83
F o o tn o te s
A l l o f t h e s e s t a n d a r d f o o t n o t e s m a y not a p p ly to th is b u l l e t i n .
1
S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e
t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g
u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , and the e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k l y
hours.
2
T h e m e a n is c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y t o t a l i n g the e a r n i n g s o f all
w o r k e r s and d i v i d i n g b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s .
The m ed ia n d esign ates
p o s i t i o n — h a l f o f the w o r k e r s r e c e i v e m o r e and h a l f r e c e i v e l e s s than the
rate shown.
T h e m i d d l e r a n g e is d e f i n e d b y tw o r a t e s o f p a y : a f o u r t h o f
th e w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s than th e l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s and a f o u r t h e a r n m o r e
than the h i g h e r r a t e .
3
E a r n i n g s d a t a r e l a t e o n l y to w o r k e r s w h o s e s e x i d e n t i f i c a t i o n w a s
p r o v i d e d b y th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
4
E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s ,
h o l i d a y s , and l a t e s h i f t s .
5
F o r m a l l y e s ta b lish e d m in im u m re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e h iring s a la r ie s
th at a r e p a i d f o r s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s .
6
E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h as m e s s e n g e r .
7
D a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , and f o r
the m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d .
8
I n c l u d e s all p la n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g
l a t e s h i f t s , and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h o s e f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r l a t e s h i f t s ,
e v e n th ou gh the e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e not c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g l a t e s h i f t s .
9
L e s s than 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
10 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
11
A l l c o m b i n a t i o n s o f f u l l and h a l f d a y s th at add to the s a m e a m o u n t
a r e c o m b i n e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f
10 d a y s i n c l u d e s t h o s e w ith 10 f u ll d a y s and no h a l f d a y s , 9 f u ll d a y s and
2 h a l f d a y s , 8 f u ll d a y s and 4 h a l f d a y s , and s o o n .
P r o p o r t i o n s then w e r e
cum ulated.
12 I n c l u d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r than " l e n g t h o f t i m e , " s u c h as p e r c e n t a g e
o f annual e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d to an e q u i v a l e n t t i m e
b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p l e , 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d as 1 w e e k ' s
pay.
P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e a r e c h o s e n a r b i t r a r i l y and d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t
in d i v i d u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n ; f o r e x a m p l e , c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s
at 10 y e a r s i n c l u d e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n 5 and 10 y e a r s .
E stim ates are cu m u
lative.
T h u s , the p r o p o r t i o n e l i g i b l e f o r at l e a s t 3 w e e k s ' pa y a f t e r 10 y e a r s
i n c l u d e s t h o s e e l i g i b l e f o r at l e a s t 3 w e e k s ' p a y a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .
13 E s t i m a t e s l i s t e d a f t e r ty p e o f b e n e f i t a r e f o r all p la n s f o r w h i c h
at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p l o y e r .
"N oncon tribu tory
plan s"
i n c l u d e o n l y t h o s e f i n a n c e d e n t i r e l y b y the e m p l o y e r .
E xcluded
a r e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p l a n s , s u c h as w o r k e r s d i s a b i l i t y c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l
s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .
14 U n d u p l i c a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s and
a ccid e n t in su ra n ce shown s e p a r a te ly b e lo w .
S i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to
t h o s e w h i c h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l i s h at l e a s t the m i n i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y
th at e a c h e m p l o y e e c a n e x p e c t .
In form a l s ic k le a v e a llow ances d e te rm in e d
o n an i n d i v i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
17
Appendix A
A r e a w a g e and r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s da ta a r e o b t a i n e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s
o f B u r e a u f i e l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . 1 In e a c h o f th e i n t e r v e n
in g y e a r s , i n f o r m a t i o n o n e m p l o y m e n t and o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s i s c o l l e c t e d
b y a c o m b i n a t i o n o f p e r s o n a l v i s i t , m a i l q u e s t i o n n a i r e , and t e l e p h o n e i n t e r
v i e w f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p a r t i c i p a t i n g in th e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y .
a ll i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d . E a r n i n g s da ta f o r s o m e o f t h e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d and
d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y , a r e
n o t p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in th e
o c c u p a t i o n is t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a t a t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2)
t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t da ta . S e p a r a t e
m e n ' s and w o m e n ' s e a r n i n g s da ta a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d w h e n th e n u m b e r o f
w o r k e r s not i d e n t i f i e d b y s e x i s 20 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f th e m e n o r w o m e n
i d e n t i f i e d in an o c c u p a t i o n . E a r n i n g s da t a n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y f o r i n d u s t r y
d i v i s i o n s a r e i n c l u d e d in da t a f o r a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d .
L i k e w i s e , data
a r e i n c l u d e d in th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h e n a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f e l e c
t r o n i c s t e c h n i c i a n s , s e c r e t a r i e s , o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is not shown o r in fo r m a t io n
t o s u b c l a s s i f y i s not a v a i l a b l e .
In e a c h o f th e 8 4 *1
2 a r e a s c u r r e n t l y s u r v e y e d , da t a a r e o b t a i n e d
f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s :
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ;
w h olesa le trade;
r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and
s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u stry gro u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e studies a re g o v e r n m e n t
o p e r a t i o n s and th e c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E stablish m en ts
h a v in g f e w e r th an a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e o f
i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d . S e p a r a t e t a b u l a t i o n s a r e
p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n
criteria .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s da t a a r e s h o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e
w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d t o w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y s c h e d u l e . E a r n i n g s da ta
e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
l a t e s h i f t s . N o n p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , b ut c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a l l o w a n c e s
and i n c e n t i v e b o n u s e s a r e i n c l u d e d .
W e e k l y h o u r s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and
p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s
r e f e r t o th e s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k
(rou n ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r) f o r w h ich e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e r e g u la r
s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r
p r e m i u m r a te s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th e s e o c cu p a tio n s are rounded
to th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r .
These surveys
a re c o n d u cte d on a s a m p le b a s i s .
The sam pling
p r o c e d u r e s i n v o l v e d e t a i l e d s t r a t i f i c a t i o n o f a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in th e
s c o p e o f an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y i n d u s t r y and n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s .
F r o m t h is s t r a t i f i e d u n i v e r s e a p r o b a b i l i t y s a m p l e i s s e l e c t e d , w it h e a c h
e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v in g a p r e d e t e r m i n e d c h a n c e o f s e l e c t i o n . T o o b t a i n o p t i m u m
a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e th an s m a l l e s t a b l i s h
m e n t s i s s e l e c t e d . W h e n da ta a r e c o m b i n e d , e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s w e i g h t e d
a c c o r d i n g t o it s p r o b a b i l i t y o f s e l e c t i o n , s o th at u n b i a s e d e s t i m a t e s a r e
g e n e r a t e d . F o r e x a m p l e , i f o n e out o f f o u r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i s s e l e c t e d , it is
g i v e n a w e i g h t o f f o u r to r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lu s t h r e e o t h e r s . A n a l t e r n a t e o f
th e s a m e o r i g i n a l p r o b a b i l i t y i s c h o s e n in th e s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s i f i
c a t i o n i f da t a a r e not a v a i l a b l e f r o m th e o r i g i n a l s a m p l e m e m b e r .
If no
su ita b le substitute is a v a ila b le , addition al w eigh t is a s s ig n e d to a s a m p le
m e m b e r th at i s s i m i l a r t o t h e m i s s i n g unit.
T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s in .an a r e a
at a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e .
C o m p a r is o n s o f in divid ual o ccu p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r
tim e m a y not r e f le c t e x p e c te d w a g e ch a n g es.
The a v e r a g e s f o r in divid ual
j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s and e m p l o y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F o r e x a m p l e ,
p r o p o rtio n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by h igh- o r lo w -w a g e fir m s m a y change,
o r h i g h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e t o b e t t e r j o b s and b e r e p l a c e d b y n e w
w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s .
S u c h s h i f t s in e m p l o y m e n t c o u l d d e c r e a s e an
o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e
w a g e s d u r in g th e y e a r .
C h a n g e s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in
t a b l e A - 7, a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th a n a r e e a r n i n g s c h a n g e s f o r
i n d i v i d u a l j o b s w it h in th e g r o u p s .
O c c u p a t i o n s and e a r n i n g s
O c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y o f m a n u
f a c t u r i n g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g t y p e s :
(1)
O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ; (3) m a i n t e n a n c e , t o o l r o o m ,
and p o w e r p l a n t ; and (4) m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d i a l .
O ccupational
c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i s b a s e d o n a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to
t a k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u t ie s w ith in t h e s a m e j o b .
O c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s t u d y a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in a p p e n d i x B .
U n l e s s o t h e r w i s e i n d i c a t e d , th e e a r n i n g s da ta f o l l o w i n g th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r
A v e r a g e ea rn in g s r e f le c t c o m p o s it e , a r e a w id e -e s tim a te s . Industries
and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b s t a f f i n g , and th u s c o n t r i b u t e
d iffe r e n t ly to the e s tim a te s f o r e a c h jo b . P a y a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l a m o n g j o b s in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s
s h o u l d n o t b e a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y o f t h e s e x e s w ith in
individual e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
F a c t o r s w h ich m a y con tribu te to d if f e r e n c e s
i n c l u d e p r o g r e s s i o n w it h in e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s ( o n ly th e r a t e s p a i d
i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ) a nd p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c d u t ie s w it h in th e
g e n e r a l s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d to c l a s s i f y e m p l o y e e s
in t h e s e s u r v e y s u s u a l l y a r e m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d than t h o s e use'd in i n d i v i d u a l
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a nd a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in
s p e c i f i c d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d .
1 Personal visits were on a 2-year cy cle before July 1972.
2 Included in the 84 areas are 14 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron,
Ohio; Austin, T e x .; Binghamton, N .Y . —P a .; Birmingham, A la .; Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood and West Palm
Beach—Boca Raton, Fla. ; Lexington—Fayette, Ky.; Melbourne—Titusville—C ocoa, Fla.; Norfolk—Virginia Beach—
Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va. —N .C .; Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N. Y . ; Raleigh—
Durham, N. C . ; Stamford, Conn.; Syracuse, N .Y .; Utica—Rome, N .Y .; and Westchester County, N .Y .
In
addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in [approximately 100 areas at the request o f the
Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor.
19
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t th e t o t a l in a ll e s t a b
l i s h m e n t s w it h in th e s c o p e o f th e s t u d y and n o t th e n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d .
B e ca u se o ccu p a tio n a l stru ctu re s am ong esta b lish m en ts d iffe r, e stim a tes of
o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a i n e d f r o m th e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d
s e r v e o n l y t o i n d i c a t e th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d i e d .
These
d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e do not a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f
t h e e a r n i n g s da ta.
Percent
as f o l l o w s :
f o r in dividual a r e a s
in th e p r o g r a m
are
1.
E a c h o c c u p a t i o n is a s s i g n e d a w e i g h t b a s e d o n it s p r o
p o r t i o n a t e e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p in the
base year.
2.
T h e s e w eigh ts a re u se d to co m p u te g ro u p a v e r a g e s .
E a c h o c c u p a t i o n ' s a v e r a g e ( m e a n ) e a r n i n g s is m u l t i p l i e d
b y it s w e i g h t . T h e p r o d u c t s a r e t o t a l e d t o o b t a i n a g r o u p
average.
3.
T h e r a t i o o f g r o u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s is
c o m p u t e d b y d iv i d i n g th e a v e r a g e f o r th e c u r r e n t y e a r
b y th e a v e r a g e f o r th e e a r l i e r y e a r .
The result—
e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t — l e s s 100 i s th e p e r c e n t c h a n g e .
W age tren d s fo r s e le cte d occu pational groups
T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s p r e s e n t e d in t a b l e A - 7 a r e b a s e d on c h a n g e s
in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g th e t r e n d j o b s in b o t h
th e c u r r e n t a nd p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) .
T h e da t a a r e
a d j u s t e d to r e m o v e th e e f f e c t o n a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f e m p l o y m e n t s h if t s
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n c l u d e d in s u r v e y
sa m p les.
The p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , are still a ffected by fa c to r s
o t h e r th a n w a g e i n c r e a s e s .
H i r i n g s , l a y o f f s , and t u r n o v e r m a y a f f e c t an
e s t a b l i s h m e n t a v e r a g e f o r an o c c u p a t i o n w h e n w o r k e r s a r e p a i d u n d e r p la n s
p r o v i d i n g a r a n g e o f w a g e r a t e s f o r i n d i v i d u a l j o b s . In p e r i o d s o f i n c r e a s e d
h irin g , fo r e x a m p le , new e m p lo y e e s
e n t e r at th e b o t t o m o f th e r a n g e ,
d e p r e s s i n g th e a v e r a g e w ith o u t a c h a n g e in w a g e r a t e s .
ch anges
com puted
F o r a m o r e d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e m e t h o d u s e d t o c o m p u t e
t h e s e w a g e t r e n d s , s e e " I m p r o v i n g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y I n d e x e s , " M o n t h ly
L a b o r R e v i e w , J a n u a r y 1 9 7 3, p p . 5 2 - 5 7 .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s
T h e p e r c e n t c h a n g e s r e l a t e t o w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d
dates.
W h e n th e t i m e s p a n b e t w e e n s u r v e y s
is o t h e r th a n 12 m o n t h s ,
ann ua l r a t e s a r e s h o w n .
(It i s a s s u m e d th at w a g e s i n c r e a s e at a c o n s t a n t
rate b etw een s u r v e y s .)
T h e i n c i d e n c e o f s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y
w a g e p r o v i s i o n s i s s t u d i e d f o r p la n t w o r k e r s and o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
Plant
w o r k e r s i n c l u d e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s and w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s e n g a g e d in
n o n o ffic e fun ction s.
( C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s and r o u t e w o r k e r s a r e e x c l u d e d
in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , b ut i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s . )
O ffice w o rk e rs
i n c l u d e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s and w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s
p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r related fun ction s.
L e a d w o r k e r s and t r a i n e e s a r e
in clud ed am ong n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s .
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , and
p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s and c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k e r s u t i l i z e d as s e p a r a t e w o r k
f o r c e s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m b o t h th e p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r c a t e g o r i e s .
O ccu p a tion s u sed to com p u te w age tren d s a re :
O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ( m e n and
w om en ):
S ecreta ries
Stenographers, general
S tenograp hers, senior
T y p i s t s , c l a s s e s A and B
F ile cle rk s , c la sse s A,
B , and C
M essengers
O rd er clerk s, cla sses A
and B
A ccou ntin g c le r k s ,
c l a s s e s A and B
B o o k k e e p in g - m a c h i n e
o p e r a t o r s , cla ss B
P a y r o ll clerk s
K eypunch o p e r a to r s ,
c l a s s e s A and B
T abu latin g-m achine
o p e r a t o r s , cla ss B
E l e c t r o n i c da t a p r o c e s s i n g
( m e n and w o m e n ) :
Com puter system s
a n a ly sts, c la s s e s
A , B , and C
E l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s i n g
( m e n and w o m e n ) —
C o n t in u e d
Com puter p r o g ra m m e rs ,
c l a s s e s A , B , and C
Com puter o p erators,
c l a s s e s A , B , and C
M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s ( ta b le B - l ) . M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s
f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s r e l a t e o n l y t o th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . B e c a u s e o f th e
o p t i m u m s a m p l i n g t e c h n i q u e s u s e d and t h e p r o b a b i l i t y th at l a r g e e s t a b l i s h
m e n t s a r e m o r e l i k e l y th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s to h a v e f o r m a l e n t r a n c e
r a t e s a b o v e th e s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l , th e t a b l e i s m o r e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s
in m e d i u m and l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ( m e n and
w om en ):
R e g is t e r e d in du stria l
nurses
Sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s — m a n u f a c t u r i n g ( t a b le B - 2 ) .
D a ta w e r e c o l l e c t e d
on p o l i c i e s o f m a n u fa ctu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts re g a rd in g pay d iffe re n tia ls fo r
p la n t w o r k e r s o n l a t e s h i f t s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s c o n s i d e r e d as h av in g p o l i c i e s
a r e t h o s e w h i c h (1) h a v e p r o v i s i o n s in w r i t i n g c o v e r i n g th e o p e r a t i o n o f la te
s h i f t s , o r (2) h a v e o p e r a t e d la te s h i f t s at any t i m e d u r in g the 12 m o n t h s
p reced in g a survey.
W hen esta b lish m e n ts have s e v e r a l d ifferen tia ls w hich
v a r y b y j o b , th e d i f f e r e n t i a l a p p ly in g to th e m a j o r i t y o f th e pla n t w o r k e r s is
r e c o r d e d . W h e n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v e d i f f e r e n t i a l s w h i c h a p p ly o n l y to c e r t a i n
h o u r s o f w o r k , th e d i f f e r e n t i a l a p p ly in g t o th e m a j o r i t y o f th e s h ift h o u r s is
recorded.
S k ille d m a in te n a n ce (m en
and w o m e n ) :
C arpenters
E lect rician s
P ain ters
M a ch inists
M ech a n ics (m a ch inery)
M ech an ics (m otor veh icle)
P ip efitters
T o o l and die m a k e r s
F o r p u r p o s e s o f t h is s t u d y , a l a t e s h if t i s e i t h e r a s e c o n d ( e v e n i n g )
s h if t w h i c h e n d s at o r n e a r m i d n i g h t o r a t h i r d (nig h t) s h if t w h i c h s t a r t s at o r
n e a r m idnight.
U n s k i l l e d pla n t ( m e n and
w om en ):
J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and
clean ers
M a t e r i a l h a n d lin g l a b o r e r s
D i f f e r e n t i a l s f o r s e c o n d and t h i r d s h i f t s a r e s u m m a r i z e d s e p a r a t e l y
f o r (1) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c i e s (an e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s d i f f e r e n t i a l s a r e w e i g h t e d b y
2 0
a ll p la n t w o r k e r s in th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t at th e t i m e o f th e s u r v e y ) and (2)
e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e s (an e s t a b l i s h m e n t ' s d i f f e r e n t i a l s a r e w e i g h t e d b y pla n t
w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d o n th e s p e c i f i e d s h if t at th e t i m e o f th e s u r v e y ) .
w h i c h t h e e m p l o y e r h a s c o n t r i b u t e d , o r (3) b o r n e d i r e c t l y b y th e e m p l o y e r
out o f o p e r a t i n g fun ds o r a fund s e t a s i d e t o c o v e r th e c o s t .
A p la n is
i n c l u d e d e v e n th o u g h a m a j o r i t y o f th e e m p l o y e e s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t do not
c h o o s e t o p a r t i c i p a t e in it b e c a u s e t h e y a r e r e q u i r e d t o b e a r p a r t o f it s c o s t
(p r o v id e d the c h o i c e to p a r t ic ip a t e is ava ila b le o r w ill e ven tu ally b e c o m e
a v a i l a b l e t o a m a j o r i t y ) . L e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p la n s s u c h as s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , r a i l
r o a d r e t i r e m e n t , w o r k e r s ' d i s a b i l i t y c o m p e n s a t i o n , and t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y
in su ra n ce 3 are exclu ded.
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ; p a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ; and h e a l t h ,
i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s .
P r o v i s i o n s w h i c h a p p l y t o a m a j o r i t y o f th e
p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e c o n s i d e r e d to a p p ly to all
pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t ; a p r a c t i c e o r p r o v i s i o n is
c o n s i d e r e d n o n e x i s t e n t w h e n it a p p l i e s to l e s s th a n a m a j o r i t y .
H olidays;
v a c a t i o n s ; and h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a p p l i c a b l e
to e m p l o y e e s c u r r e n t l y e l i g i b l e f o r th e b e n e f i t s as w e l l as to e m p l o y e e s w h o
w ill eventually b e c o m e e lig ib le .
th rou gh
A c c i d e n t a l d e a t h and d i s m e m b e r m e n t is l i m i t e d t o p la n s w h i c h
p r o v i d e b e n e f i t p a y m e n t s in c a s e o f d e a t h o r l o s s o f l i m b o r s ig h t as a
d i r e c t r e s u l t o f an a c c i d e n t .
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s and d a y s
(ta b le B - 3 ) . S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y
h o u r s and d a y s r e f e r t o t h e n u m b e r o f h o u r s and d a y s p e r w e e k w h i c h f u l l
t i m e f i r s t (d a y) s h ift w o r k e r s a r e e x p e c t e d to w o r k , w h e t h e r p a i d f o r at
stra ig h t-tim e o r o v e rtim e rates.
S i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e i n c l u d e s o n l y t h o s e p la n s w h i c h
p r o v i d e that p r e d e t e r m i n e d c a s h p a y m e n t s b e m a d e d i r e c t l y t o e m p l o y e e s
w h o l o s e t i m e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s o r i n j u r y , e . g . , $ 50 a. w e e k f o r
up to 26 w e e k s o f d i s a b i l i t y .
P a id h olidays
( ta b le B - 4 ) .
H olidays
a re in clu d e d o n ly i f they
a r e g r a n t e d a n n u a lly o n a f o r m a l b a s i s ( p r o v i d e d f o r in w r i t t e n f o r m o r
e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m ) and e m p l o y e e s a r e p a i d f o r th e t i m e o f f .
They are
i n c l u d e d e v e n t h o u g h in a p a r t i c u l a r y e a r t h e y f a l l o n a n o n w o r k d a y and
e m p l o y e e s a r e n ot g r a n t e d a n o t h e r da y o f f .
S i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p l a n s 4 w h i c h p r o v i d e f o r
c o n t in u in g an e m p l o y e e ' s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s .
D a ta c o l l e c t e d d i s t i n g u i s h b e t w e e n (1) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u ll p a y w ith no
w a it in g p e r i o d , and (2) p la n s w h i c h e i t h e r p r o v i d e p a r t i a l p a y o r r e q u i r e a
w a it in g p e r i o d .
D a ta a r e t a b u l a t e d to s h o w th e p e r c e n t o f w o r k e r s w h o (1) a r e g r a n t e d
s p e c i f i c n u m b e r s o f w h o l e and h a l f h o l i d a y s and (2) a r e g r a n t e d s p e c i f i e d
a m o u n t s o f t o t a l h o l i d a y t i m e ( w h o le and h a l f h o l i d a y s a r e a g g r e g a t e d ) .
L o n g - t e r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o v i d e p a y m e n t s to t o t a l l y
d i s a b l e d e m p l o y e e s upon th e e x p i r a t i o n o f t h e i r p a i d s i c k l e a v e a n d / o r s i c k
n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e , o r a f t e r a p r e d e t e r m i n e d p e r i o d o f d i s a b i l i t y
(typ ica lly 6 m on th s).
P a y m e n t s a r e m a d e until th e en d o f the d i s a b i l i t y , a
m a x im u m age, o r eligib ility fo r re tirem en t b enefits.
Fu ll o r p a rtia l p a y
m e n t s a r e a lm o st a l w a y s r e d u c e d b y s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , w o r k e r s ' d i s a b i l i t y
c o m p e n s a t i o n , and p r i v a t e p e n s i o n b e n e f i t s p a y a b l e to the d i s a b l e d e m p l o y e e .
P a i d v a c a t i o n s (ta b le B - 5 ) .
E sta b lish m en ts rep ort th e ir m ethod of
c a l c u l a t i n g v a c a t i o n p a y ( t i m e b a s i s , p e r c e n t o f ann ua l e a r n i n g s , f l a t - s u m
p a y m e n t , e t c . ) and th e a m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y g r a n t e d .
Only b a s ic fo r m a l
p la n s a r e r e p o r t e d . V a c a t i o n b o n u s e s , v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s p l a n s , and " e x t e n d e d "
o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f i t s b e y o n d b a s i c p la n s a r e e x c l u d e d .
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , s u r g i c a l , and m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e p la n s r e p o r t e d
in t h e s e s u r v e y s p r o v i d e f u l l o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t f o r b a s i c s e r v i c e s r e n d e r e d .
3 Tem porary disability insurance w hich provides benefits to covered workers disabled by injury or illness
w hich is not w o rk -co n n e cte d is mandatory under State laws in C aliforn ia, New Jersey, New Y ork, and Rhode
Island.
Establishment plans w hich m e e t only the lega l requirements are excluded from these data, but those
under w hich (1) em ployers contribute m ore than is leg a lly required or (2) benefits ex ceed those specified in the
State law are included.
In Rhode Island, benefits are paid out of a State fund to which only em ployees
contribute. In each o f the other three States, benefits are paid either from a State fund or through a private plan:
F o r ta b u la t in g v a c a t i o n p a y g r a n t e d , a ll p r o v i s i o n s a r e e x p r e s s e d
on a tim e b a s i s .
V a c a t i o n p a y c a l c u l a t e d o n o t h e r than a t i m e b a s i s i s
c o n v e r t e d t o it s e q u i v a l e n t t i m e p e r i o d .
T w o p e r c e n t o f ann ual e a r n i n g s ,
f o r e x a m p l e , i s t a b u l a t e d as 1 w e e k ' s v a c a t i o n p a y .
State fund financing: In C aliforn ia, only em ployees contribute to the State fund; in New Jersey, em ployees
and em ployers contribute; in New Y ork, em ployees contribute up to a sp ecified m axim um and em ployers
pay the differen ce betw een the em ployees' share and the total contribution required.
A l s o , p r o v i s i o n s a fter e a ch s p e c i f i e d length o f s e r v i c e a re re la te d
to a l l pla n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t r e g a r d l e s s o f le n g th o f
s e r v i c e . V a c a t i o n p la n s c o m m o n l y p r o v i d e f o r l a r g e r a m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n pa y
as s e r v i c e l e n g t h e n s . Co u n ts o f p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s b y l e n g t h o f s e r v i c e
w e r e not o b ta in e d . The tabu lation s o f v a c a t io n pay gran ted p r e s e n t s , t h e r e
f o r e , s t a t i s t i c a l m e a s u r e s o f t h e s e p r o v i s i o n s r a t h e r th an p r o p o r t i o n s o f
w o r k e r s a ctu ally re c e iv in g s p e c ific b e n e fits.
Private plan financing: In C alifornia and New Jersey, em ployees cannot be required to contribute more
than they w ould if they w ere covered by the State fund; in New Y ork, em ployees can agree to contribute
m ore if the State rules that the additional contribution is com m ensurate with the benefit provided.
Federal legislation (R ailroad U nem ploym en t Insurance A ct) provides tem porary disability insurance benefits
to railroad workers for illness or injury, whether w ork -con n ected or not. The legislation requires that em ployers
H e a l th , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s ( ta b le B - 6 ) . H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e ,
and p e n s i o n p la n s i n c l u d e p la n s f o r w h i c h th e e m p l o y e r p a y s e i t h e r a ll o r
p a r t o f th e c o s t .
T h e c o s t m a y b e (1) u n d e r w r i t t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l
i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r n o n p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n , (2) c o v e r e d b y a u nio n fund to
L i f e i n s u r a n c e i n c l u d e s f o r m a l p la n s p r o v i d i n g i n d e m n i t y ( u s u a ll y
an i n s u r a n c e p o l i c y ) in c a s e o f d e a t h o f th e c o v e r e d w o r k e r .
bear the entire cost o f the insurance.
4 A n establishm ent is considered as having a form al plan if it specifies at least the m inim um number o f
days o f sick le a v e available to each e m p loyee.
Such a plan need not be written, but inform al sick leave
allow ances determ ined on an individual basis are excluded.
21
H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e c o v e r s h o s p i t a l r o o m and b o a r d and m a y c o v e r
o th e r h o sp ita l e x p e n s e s . S u r g ic a l in su ra n c e c o v e r s s u r g e o n s ' fe e s . M e d ica l
in su ra n c e c o v e r s d o c t o r s ' fe e s f o r h o m e , o f fic e , o r h osp ita l c a lls .
Plans
re s tr ic te d to p o s t-o p e r a tiv e m e d ic a l ca re o r a d o c to r 's
care for m inor
a i l m e n t s at a w o r k e r ' s p l a c e o f e m p l o y m e n t a r e n o t c o n s i d e r e d t o b e
m e d ica l insurance.
" d e d u c t i b l e " ( e . g . , $ 5 0 ) b e m e t b e f o r e b e n e f i t s b e g i n , ( 2 ) h as a c o i n s u r a n c e
f e a t u r e that r e q u i r e s th e i n s u r e d t o p a y a p o r t i o n ( e . g . , 20 p e r c e n t ) o f
c e r t a i n e x p e n s e s , and (3) h as a s p e c i f i e d d o l l a r m a x i m u m o f b e n e f i t s ( e . g . ,
$ 10, 000 a y e a r ) .
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e c o v e r a g e a p p l i e s t o s e r v i c e s w h i c h go
b e y o n d th e b a s i c s e r v i c e s
c o v e r e d u n d e r h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , s u r g i c a l , and
m e d ic a l in su ra n ce .
M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e t y p i c a l l y (1) r e q u i r e s that a
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s p r o v i d e f o r r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s t o th e r e t i r e e
fo r life.
In clud ed a r e d e f e r r e d p r o f i t - s h a r i n g pla n s w h ich p r o v id e the option
o f p u r c h a s i n g a l i f e t i m e ann uity.
D e n t a l i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o v i d e n o r m a l d e n t a l s e r v i c e b e n e f i t s ,
u s u a l l y f o r f i l l i n g s , e x t r a c t i o n s , and X - r a y s .
P la n s w hich p r o v id e benefits
o n ly f o r o r a l s u r g e r y o r r e p a ir in g a c c id e n t d a m a g e a r e not r e p o r te d .
22
Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied
in Binghamton, N.Y.—P a.,‘ July 1976
N um ber o f es ta blish m en ts
M in im um
em p lo ym e n t
in e s t a b lis h
m ents in s c o p e
o f study
In du stry d i v i s i o n 2
W ithin s c o p e
o f s tu d y 3
ALL DIVISIONS ----------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------------------TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION, and
o th e r PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 5 ---------------------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------- ---------------------------------------r e t a il trade
----------------------------------- --------------------------f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and h e al e s t a t e
-------------SERVICES8 ---------------- -------------- ------ ---------------------------------
W o r k e r s in establish m en ts
W ithin s c o p e o f study
Studied
T o t a l4
Studied
N um ber
Percent
F u ll-t im e
plant w o r k e r s
F u ll-t im e
o f fic e w o r k e r s
T o t a l4
158
71
4 7 ,6 3 1
100
2 6 ,7 5 6
6 ,3 1 4
3 6 ,8 1 1
50
-
67
91
28
43
3 5 ,4 8 4
1 2 ,1 4 7
74
26
2 0 ,1 6 0
6 ,5 9 6
4 ,1 8 1
2 ,1 3 3
2 9 ,8 1 3
6 ,9 9 8
50
50
50
50
50
11
7
43
13
17
9
3
15
6
10
2 ,3 0 3
409
5 ,6 5 2
2 ,2 2 5
1 ,5 5 8
5
1
12
5
3
411
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
<6 )
2 ,2 3 3
277
2 ,4 0 4
1 ,1 5 2
932
1 ,2 6 6
( 6>
( 6>
( 7>
( 6>
1 The B ingham ton Standard M e tro p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a , as d efin ed b y the O ffic e o f M an agem en t and Budget th rou gh F e b r u a r y 1974, c o n s is t s o f B r o o m e and T io g a C ou n ties, N .Y .; and Susquehanna
County, P a .
The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f stu d y " e s tim a te s show n in this table p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y . E s tim a te s
a r e not in ten ded, h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s es ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly
in a d va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu died, and (2) s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a re e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
2 The 1967 ed ition o f the Standard In d u s tr ia l C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u s e d to c la s s i f y e sta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n ,
3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A l l ou tlets (w ithin the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in in d u s tr ie s su ch as tr a d e , fin a n ce, auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e ,
and m o tio n p ic tu r e th ea ters a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t.
4 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, p a r t -tim e , and o th e r w o r k e r s ex clu d e d fr o m the s e p a r a te plant and o f fi c e c a t e g o r ie s .
5 A b b r e v ia te d to "p u b lic u t i li t ie s " in the A - and B - s e r i e s t a b le s .
T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r tr a n s p o r ta tio n a r e e x c lu d e d .
B in gh a m ton 's tr a n s it s y s t e m i s m u n ic ip a lly op e r a te d
and is e x clu d e d by d e fin itio n fr o m the s c o p e o f the study.
6 T h is d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s , and f o r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " in the B - s e r i e s t a b le s . S ep a ra te p re s e n ta tio n o f data is
not m ade f o r on e o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s :
(1) E m p lo y m e n t is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the sa m p le w as n ot d e s ig n e d in it ia lly to p e r m it s ep a ra te
p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e re is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e o f in d iv id u a l es ta b lis h m e n t data.
7 W o r k e r s f r o m this e n tire d iv is io n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s , but f r o m the r e a l esta te p o r tio n on ly in e s tim a te s f o r " a ll
in d u s t r ie s " and "n on m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the B - s e r ie s t a b le s . S e p a ra te p re s e n ta tio n o f data is not m ad e f o r one o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s given in footn ote 6.
8 H o te ls and m o t e ls ; la u n d rie s and o th e r p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir , re n ta l, and p a rk in g ; m o tio n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p r o fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s (exclu d in g r e lig io u s
and c h a r ita b le o r g a n iz a tio n s ); and e n g in e e rin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .
L a b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t c o v e r a g e
In d u s tr ia l c o m p o s it io n in m a n u fa ctu rin g
A lm o s t t h r e e -fo u r t h s o f the w o r k e r s w ithin the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in the B ingham ton
a r e a w e r e e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g f ir m s .
The fo llo w in g p r e s e n ts the m a jo r in d u s try
g r o u p s and s p e c i f i c in d u s tr ie s as a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa ctu rin g :
In d u s try gro u p s
M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l „ 28
E l e c t r ic a l equ ip m en t and
su p p lie s _________________________ 21
In stru m en ts and r e la te d
13
L e a th e r and le a th e r p r o d u c ts __ 11
T r a n s p o rta tio n eq u ip m e n t______ 6
Th e fo llo w in g ta b u la tiop sh ow s the p e r c e n t o f fu ll- t im e plant and o f f i c e w o r k e r s
e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the B in gh am ton a r e a in w h ich a union c o n t r a c t o r c o n t r a c ts
c o v e r e d a m a jo r it y o f the w o r k e r s in the r e s p e c t iv e c a t e g o r ie s , July 1976:
Plant w o r k e r s
S p e c ific in d u s tr ie s
O ffic e and com pu tin g
m a c h in e s _______________________ 25
C o m m u n ica tio n e q u ip m e n t_____ 16
F o o tw e a r , e x c e p t r u b b e r _____ 11
M e c h a n ic a l m e a s u r in g and
c o n t r o llin g d e v i c e s ___________ 9
A i r c r a f t and p a r t s ______________
6
E le c t r o n ic co m p o n e n ts and
a c c e s s o r i e s ___________________
5
A l l i n d u s t r ie s __________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g __________________
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _____________
P u b lic u t ilit ie s _____________
O ffic e w o r k e r s
5
15
80
A n e s ta b lis h m e n t i s c o n s id e r e d to h ave a c o n t r a c t c o v e r in g a ll plant o r o f fic e
w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r i t y o f su ch w o r k e r s i s c o v e r e d b y a la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t.
T h e r e fo r e , a ll o th e r plant o r o f fi c e w o r k e r s a r e e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts that e ith e r do
n ot h a ve la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c ts in e ffe c t , o r have c o n t r a c ts that a pp ly to fe w e r than h a lf
o f th e ir plant o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s . E s tim a te s a r e n ot n e c e s s a r il y r e p r e s e n ta tiv e o f the exten t
to w h ich a ll w o r k e r s in the a r e a m a y be c o v e r e d b y the p r o v is io n s o f la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t
a g r e e m e n t s , b e c a u s e s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d and the in d u s tr ia l s c o p e o f the
s u r v e y is lim it e d .
T h is in fo r m a tio n i s b a s e d on e s tim a te s o f to ta l e m p lo y m e n t d e r iv e d f r o m u n iv e r s e
m a t e r ia ls c o m p ile d b e fo r e a ctu a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t io n s in v a r io u s in d u stry d iv is io n s m ay
d iffe r fr o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d on the r e s u lts o f the s u r v e y as show n in app endix ta b le 1.
32
34
26
99
23
Appendix B.
Occupational Descriptions
T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r th e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t it s
f i e l d s t a ff in c l a s s i f y i n g in to a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y o f p a y r o l l
t i t l e s a nd d if f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b lis h m e n t to e s t a b lis h m e n t and f r o m a r e a t o a r e a . T h is
p e r m it s th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b le jo b c o n te n t.
B e c a u s e o f th is
e m p h a s is on in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t and in t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b ilit y o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n te n t, th e B u r e a u 's jo b
d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s ig n ific a n t l y f r o m t h o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r
o t h e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s , th e B u r e a u 's f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e i n s t r u c t e d t o e x c lu d e
w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t ic e s ; l e a r n e r s ; b e g in n e r s ; t r a i n e e s ; and h a n d ic a p p e d , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y ,
and p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s .
OFFICE
SECRETARY
S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d
A s s ig n e d as p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a lly to on e in d iv id u a l. M a in
ta in s a c l o s e and h ig h ly r e s p o n s i v e r e la t io n s h ip t o th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f
th e s u p e r v i s o r . W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e i v i n g a m in im u m o f d e t a ile d
s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l d u t ie s ,
u s u a lly in c lu d in g m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
an sw ers
person s;
d.
e . R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d u m s , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y
o t h e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r 's s ig n a t u r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l an d t y p o g r a p h ic
a ccu ra cy;
a. R e c e i v e s t e le p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and in c o m in g m a i l ,
r o u tin e i n q u i r i e s , and r o u t e s t e c h n i c a l in q u ir ie s to th e p r o p e r
b.
c.
in s t r u c t e d ;
E s ta b lis h e s ,
f.
m a in t a in s , and r e v i s e s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's f i l e s ;
M a in ta in s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's
c a le n d a r and m a k e s
a p p o in tm e n ts
R e la y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v i s o r to s u b o r d in a t e s ;
P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic and ty p in g w o r k .
M a y a ls o p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l a nd s e c r e t a r i a l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b le
n a tu r e an d d if f ic u l t y . T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u ir e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f i c e r o u tin e
and u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e o r g a n iz a t i o n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la t e d to
th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v i s o r .
as
B e g in n in g w ith c a le n d a r y e a r 1976 s u r v e y s , th e B u r e a u h a s g r o u p e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d in it s
a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s in to jo b f a m ilie s in o r d e r to p r e s e n t in fo r m a t io n on r e la t e d o c c u p a t io n s in s e q u e n c e .
J o b f a m i l i e s h a v e n ot b e e n t i t le d , h o w e v e r , s in c e d o in g s o m ig h t h a v e a d d e d e x t r a n e o u s e le m e n t s t o th e
j o b m a t c h in g p r o c e s s .
T h e B u r e a u h a s a ls o r e v i s e d s e v e r a l o c c u p a t io n a l t i t l e s .
u s u a l w o r d o r d e r and a r e m o r e d e s c r i p t i v e o f th e s u r v e y j o b s .
T h e r e v i s e d t i t l e s m o r e n e a r ly r e f l e c t
R e v is e d o c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s a r e b e in g in t r o d u c e d th is y e a r f o r : O r d e r c l e r k ; p a y r o l l c l e r k ;
s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r ; s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t ; t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e t y p is t ( p r e v i o u s l y t it le d
t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r ) ; m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) ; and t o o l an d d ie m a k e r . T h e y a r e th e
r e s u l t o f th e B u r e a u 's p o l i c y o f p e r i o d i c a l l y r e v ie w in g a r e a w a g e s u r v e y o c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s in
o r d e r t o ta k e in to a c c o u n t t e c h n o l o g i c a l d e v e lo p m e n t s and t o c l a r i f y d e s c r i p t i o n s s o th a t th e y a r e m o r e
r e a d il y u n d e r s t o o d and u n if o r m ly i n t e r p r e t e d . E v e n th o u g h th e r e v i s e d d e s c r i p t i o n s r e f l e c t b a s i c a l l y th e
s a m e o c c u p a t io n s as p r e v i o u s l y d e f in e d , s o m e r e p o r t in g c h a n g e s m a y o c c u r b e c a u s e o f th e r e v i s i o n s .
25
S E C R E T A R Y — Continued
S E C R E T A R Y — Continued
E x c l u s io n s
N o t a ll
c h a r a c te r is t ic s .
a re as fo llo w s :
p o s it io n s th a t a r e t i t le d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e a b o v e
E x a m p le s o f p o s it io n s w h ic h a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e d e fin it io n
a. P o s i t i o n s
d e s crib e d above;
b.
w h ic h
do n ot
m e e t th e
"p e r s o n a l"
secreta ry
con cept
4 . S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . ( o r
o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r
of p ro
5 . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d o f a l a r g e an d im p o r t a n t o r g a n iz a t i o n a l
s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n iz a t i o n a l s e g m e n t
o ft e n in v o lv in g as m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d r e d p e r s o n s ) o r a c o m p a n y th at
e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .
S t e n o g r a p h e r s n o t f u lly t r a i n e d in s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u t ie s ;
c . S t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v in g as o f f i c e
f e s s i o n a l , t e c h n i c a l , o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ;
a s sista n ts
d . S e c r e t a r y p o s it io n s in w h ic h th e d u tie s
m o r e r o u tin e o r s u b s t a n t ia lly m o r e c o m p le x and
c h a r a c t e r i z e d in th e d e fin it io n ;
to a g r o u p
3 . S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d , i m m e d i a t e ly b e lo w th e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r
e it h e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a t e w id e f u n c t io n a l a c t i v it y ( e . g . , m a r k e t in g , r e s e a r c h ,
o p e r a t i o n s , in d u s t r ia l r e l a t i o n s , e t c . ) o £ a m a j o r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a t i o n a l
s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d iv is io n ) o f a c o m p a n y th at
e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 , 000 b u t f e w e r th a n 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p l o y e e s ; o r
a r e e it h e r s u b s t a n t ia lly
r e s p o n s i b l e th an t h o s e
e . A s s i s t a n t - t y p e p o s it io n s w h ic h in v o lv e m o r e d if f ic u l t o r m o r e
r e s p o n s i b l e t e c h n i c a l , a d m in is t r a t iv e , s u p e r v i s o r y , o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l
d u tie s w h ic h a r e n o t t y p i c a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k .
N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in th e l e v e l d e fin it io n s
fo llo w in g ^ r e f e r s t o t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w h o h a v e a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a t e w id e
p o li c y m a k in g r o l e w ith r e g a r d t o m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s . T h e t i t le " v i c e
p r e s i d e n t , " th o u g h n o r m a l l y in d ic a t iv e o f th is r o l e , d o e s n ot in a ll c a s e s
id e n t ify s u c h p o s i t i o n s . V i c e p r e s id e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is to
a c t p e r s o n a l l y o n in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t io n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r d en y
in d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m in is t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y
s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s t a f f) a r e n o t c o n s i d e r e d to b e " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r
p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g th e f o llo w in g l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s .
C la s s A
1. S e c r e t a r y t o th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y
th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 , 0 00 p e r s o n s ; o r
2 . S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n th e c h a ir m a n o f th e
b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 b u t
f e w e r them 2 5 , 0 00 p e r s o n s ; o r
3 . S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d , im m e d i a t e ly b e lo w th e c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r
l e v e l , o f a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s id i a r y o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a ll,
o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .
C la s s B
1. S e c r e t a r y t o th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y
th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r th an 100 p e r s o n s ; o r
C la s s C
1. S e c r e t a r y t o an e x e c u t iv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n
s ib i l i t y is n o t e q u iv a le n t to o n e o f th e s p e c i f i c l e v e l s itu a tio n s in th e d e fin itio n
f o r c l a s s B , b u t w h o s e o r g a n iz a t i o n a l unit n o r m a l l y n u m b e r s at le a s t s e v e r a l
d o z e n e m p lo y e e s and is u s u a lly d iv id e d in to o r g a n iz a t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w h ic h
a r e o f t e n , in tu r n , fu r t h e r s u b d iv id e d . In s o m e c o m p a n i e s , th is l e v e l in
c lu d e s a w id e r a n g e o f o r g a n iz a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly o n e o r tw o ; o r
2. S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . ( o r
o t h e r e a u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s , in a ll, f e w e r th a n 5 ,0 0 0
person s.
C la s s D
1. S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v i s o r o r h e a d
unit ( e . g . , f e w e r th a n a b ou t 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; £ r
o f a s m a l l o r g a n iz a t i o n a l
2. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s ta ff s p e c ia lis t , p r o fe s s io n a l e m
p l o y e e , a d m in is t r a t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s i s t a n t , s k i l l e d t e c h n ic ia n , o r e x p e r t .
(N O T E :
M a n y c o m p a n ie s a s s i g n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r th an s e c r e t a r i e s as
d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , t o th is l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r . )
STENOGRAPH ER
P r i m a r y du ty is to ta k e d ic t a t io n u s in g s h o r t h a n d , and to t r a n s c r i b e
th e d ic t a t io n .
M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y .
M ay op era te fr o m a
s t e n o g r a p h ic p o o l .
M a y o c c a s i o n a l l y t r a n s c r i b e f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d i n g s ( if
p r i m a r y du ty is t r a n s c r i b i n g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , s e e T r a n s c r i b i n g - M a c h i n e
T y p is t ) .
N O T E : T h is jo b is d is t in g u is h e d f r o m th a t o f a s e c r e t a r y in th a t a
s e c r e t a r y n o r m a l l y w o r k s in a c o n fid e n t ia l r e la t io n s h ip w ith o n ly o n e m a n a g e r
o r e x e c u t iv e and p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s i b l e and d i s c r e t i o n a r y ta s k s as
d e s c r i b e d in th e s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin it io n .
S ten og rap h er, G en era l
2. S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n th e c h a ir m a n o f th e
b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r
th a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r
keep
D ic t a t io n i n v o lv e s a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u la r y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s ,
s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y r o u tin e c l e r i c a l t a s k s .
S T E N O G R A P H E R — Continued
F IL E C L E R K — Continued
S t e n o g r a p h e r , S e n io r
D ic t a t io n in v o lv e s a v a r i e d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u la r y
s u c h as in le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o s e t up
and m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c .
C la s s B . S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c la s s if i e d m a t e r ia l b y s im p le
( s u b je c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t ly c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r ia l b y f in e r s u b h e a d in g s .
P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s .
As req u ested ,
lo c a t e s c l e a r l y id e n t ifie d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r ia l. M a y p e r
f o r m r e la t e d c l e r i c a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s .
OR
P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u tie s r e q u ir in g s ig n ific a n t l y g r e a t e r i n
d e p e n d e n c e and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y than s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l, as e v id e n c e d b y
th e f o llo w in g :
W o r k r e q u ir e s a h ig h d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and
a c c u r a c y ; a th o r o u g h w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o
c e d u r e ; and o f th e s p e c i f i c b u s in e s s o p e r a t i o n s , o r g a n iz a t i o n , p o l i c i e s ,
procedu res, f i l e s ,
w o r k f lo w , e t c .
U s e s th is k n o w le d g e in p e r f o r m in g
s t e n o g r a p h ic d u tie s and r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l ta s k s s u c h a s m a in ta in in g
fo llo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b lin g m a t e r i a l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d u m s , and l e t t e r s ;
c o m p o s in g s im p le l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s ;
r e a d in g and ro u tin g
in c o m in g m a il ; and a n s w e r in g r o u tin e q u e s t io n s , e t c .
T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T
P r i m a r y d u ty is to ty p e c o p y o f v o i c e r e c o r d e d d ic t a t io n w h ic h d o e s
n ot in v o lv e v a r i e d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u la r y s u c h as th a t u s e d in
le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n
c o p y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e la t iv e ly
r o u tin e c l e r i c a l t a s k s .
(S ee S t e n o g r a p h e r d e fin it io n f o r w o r k e r s in v o lv e d
w ith s h o r th a n d d ic t a t io n .)
T Y P IS T
U s e s a t y p e w r it e r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls o r to m a k e
out b i l l s a ft e r c a lc u la t io n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o t h e r p e r s o n .
M ay in
c lu d e ty p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e r ia ls f o r u s e in d u p lic a t in g
processes.
M a y do c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c i a l t r a in in g , s u c h as
k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , f ilin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r t in g and d is t r ib u t in g
in c o m in g m a il .
C la s s A . P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g : T y p in g m a t e r i a l
in fin a l f o r m w h en it in v o lv e s c o m b in in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g , s y lla b ic a t i o n , p u n c tu a tio n , e t c . , o f t e c h
n ic a l o r u n u su a l w o r d s o r f o r e ig n la n g u a g e m a t e r ia l; o r p la n n in g la y o u t and
ty p in g o f c o m p lic a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b le s to m a in ta in u n if o r m it y and b a la n c e in
s p a c in g . M a y ty p e r o u tin e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y in g d e t a ils t o su it c ir c u m s t a n c e s .
C la s s B . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : C o p y ty p in g f r o m
r o u g h o r c l e a r d r a f t s ; o r r o u tin e ty p in g o f f o r m s , in s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ;
o r s e tt in g up s im p le s ta n d a r d ta b u la tio n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s
a lr e a d y s e t up and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y .
F IL E C L E R K
F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , and r e t r i e v e s m a t e r i a l in an e s t a b lis h e d filin g
s y s t e m . M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in f i l e s .
P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to l e v e l s on th e b a s i s o f th e f o llo w in g d e f in it io n s .
C la s s A . C l a s s i f i e s and in d e x e s f i l e m a t e r ia l s u ch a s c o r r e s p o n d
e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n ic a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in an e s t a b lis h e d f ilin g s y s t e m
c o n ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r ie d s u b je c t m a t t e r f i l e s .
M a y a ls o f i l e th is
m a te r ia l.
M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in c o n ju n c t io n w ith th e f i l e s .
M a y le a d a s m a ll g r o u p o f lo w e r l e v e l f i l e c l e r k s .
C la s s C . P e r f o r m s r o u tin e f ilin g o f m a t e r i a l th at h as a lr e a d y b e e n
c l a s s i f i e d o r w h ic h is e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s im p le s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
sy ste m
( e . g . , a lp h a b e t ic a l, c h r o n o l o g i c a l , o r n u m e r ic a l).
A s req u ested ,
lo c a t e s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r ia l; and m a y
f i l l ou t w ith d r a w a l c h a r g e .
M a y p e r f o r m s im p le c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s
r e q u ir e d t o m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s .
M ESSENGER
P e r f o r m s v a r io u s r o u tin e d u tie s s u c h as ru n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t in g
m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u c h as s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g and d is t r ib u t in g
m a i l , and o t h e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s it io n s th at r e q u ir e o p e r a t io n
o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e as a s ig n ific a n t du ty.
S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s a t e le p h o n e s w it c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e u s e d w ith a p r iv a t e
b r a n c h e x c h a n g e ( P B X ) s y s t e m to r e la y in c o m in g , o u t g o in g , and in t r a s y s t e m
c a lls .
M a y p r o v id e in fo r m a t io n to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and t r a n s m it m e s s a g e s ,
k e e p r e c o r d o f c a lls p la c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s . B e s id e s o p e r a t in g a te le p h o n e
s w it c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k
(ty p in g o r r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y th e m a j o r p o r t io n o f th e w o r k e r 's
t i m e , and is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d w h ile at th e s w it c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e ) . C h ie f o r
le a d o p e r a t o r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than o n e o p e r a t o r a r e
e x c lu d e d . F o r an o p e r a t o r w h o a ls o a c ts as a r e c e p t io n is t , s e e S w it c h b o a r d
O p e r a to r -R e c e p tio n is t.
S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T I O N I S T
At a
an o p e r a t o r —
w o r k in v o lv e s
b u s in e s s and
p r ia t e p e r s o n
a r r a n g in g an
s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n te le p h o n e s w it c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , a c ts b o th as
s e e S w it c h b o a r d O p e r a t o r — and as a r e c e p t io n is t . R e c e p t i o n i s t 's
s u c h d u tie s as g r e e t in g v i s i t o r s ; d e t e r m in in g n a tu r e o f v i s i t o r 's
p r o v id in g a p p r o p r ia t e in fo r m a t io n ; r e f e r r i n g v i s i t o r to a p p r o
in th e o r g a n iz a t i o n o r c o n ta c t in g th at p e r s o n b y t e le p h o n e and
a p p o in t m e n t; k e e p in g a lo g o f v i s i t o r s .
O RDER CLERK
R e c e i v e s w r it t e n o r v e r b a l c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l
o r m e r c h a n d is e f r o m c u s t o m e r s o r s a le s p e o p le .
W o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s
s o m e c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g d u t ie s : Q u o tin g p r i c e s ; d e t e r m in in g a v a i l a
b ilit y o f o r d e r e d it e m s and s u g g e s tin g s u b s titu te s w h en n e c e s s a r y ; a d v is in g
e x p e c t e d d e l i v e r y d a te and m e t h o d o f d e l i v e r y ; r e c o r d in g o r d e r and c u s t o m e r
in fo r m a t io n on o r d e r s h e e t s ; c h e c k in g o r d e r s h e e t s f o r a c c u r a c y and
a d e q u a c y o f in fo r m a t io n r e c o r d e d ; a s c e r t a in in g c r e d it ra tin g o f c u s t o m e r ;
f u r n is h in g c u s t o m e r w ith a c k n o w le d g e m e n t o f r e c e i p t o f o r d e r ; f o llo w in g - u p
to s e e th a t o r d e r is d e l i v e r e d b y th e s p e c i f i e d d a te o r to le t c u s t o m e r k n ow
o f a d e la y in d e l i v e r y ; m a in ta in in g o r d e r f i l e ; c h e c k in g sh ip p in g in v o ic e
a g a in s t o r i g i n a l o r d e r .
O R D E R C L E R K — Continued
B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R
E x c lu d e w o r k e r s p a id on a c o m m i s s i o n b a s i s o r w h o s e d u tie s in c lu d e
any o f th e f o l l o w i n g : R e c e iv in g o r d e r s f o r s e r v i c e s r a t h e r th a n f o r m a t e r i a l
o r m e r c h a n d i s e ; p r o v id in g c u s t o m e r s w ith c o n s u lt a t iv e a d v ic e u sin g k n o w le d g e
g a in e d f r o m e n g in e e r in g o r e x t e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l t r a i n in g ; e m p h a s iz in g s e llin g
s k i l l s ; h a n d lin g m a t e r i a l o r m e r c h a n d is e as an in t e g r a l p a r t o f th e jo b .
O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r w ith o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y
b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t i o n s .
P o s it io n s
d e fin itio n s :
are
c la s s ifie d
in to
le v e ls
a c c o r d in g
to
th e
f o llo w in g
C la s s A .
H a n d le s o r d e r s th a t in v o lv e m a k in g ju d g m e n ts s u c h as
c h o o s in g w h ic h s p e c i f i c p r o d u c t o r m a t e r i a l f r o m th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's p r o d u c t
lin e s w i l l s a t is f y th e c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s , o r d e t e r m in in g th e p r i c e to b e q u o t e d
w h e n p r i c i n g in v o lv e s m o r e th a n m e r e l y r e f e r r i n g t o a p r i c e l i s t o r m a k in g
s o m e s im p le m a t h e m a t ic a l c a lc u la t io n s .
C la s s B . H a n d le s o r d e r s in v o lv in g it e m s w h ic h h a v e r e a d ily id e n
t i f i e d u s e s and a p p lic a t io n s . M a y r e f e r to a c a t a lo g , m a n u f a c t u r e r 's m a n u a l,
o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t to in s u r e th a t p r o p e r it e m is s u p p lie d o r to v e r i f y
p r i c e o f o r d e r e d it e m .
A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K
P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h as p o s t in g to
r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; v e r if y in g th e in t e r n a l c o n
s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , and m a t h e m a t ic a l a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ;
a s s ig n in g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r if y in g
f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s t y p e s o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a lc u la t io n s , p o s t in g ,
e t c . ; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s i s t in g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p lic a t e d jo u r n a l
vou ch ers.
M a y w o r k in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m .
T h e w o r k r e q u i r e s a k n o w le d g e o f c l e r i c a l m e t h o d s and o f f i c e
p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h r e la t e s to th e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e
c o r d in g o f t r a n s a c t io n s and a c c o u n t in g in f o r m a t io n .
W ith e x p e r i e n c e , th e
w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m e s f a m i l i a r w ith th e b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g t e r m s
and p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in th e a s s i g n e d w o r k , b u t is n ot r e q u ir e d to h a v e a
k n o w le d g e o f th e f o r m a l p r i n c i p l e s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g .
P o s it io n s
d e fin itio n s .
are
c la s s ifie d
in to
le v e ls
on
th e b a s is
o f th e f o llo w in g
C la s s A . U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l
o p e r a t io n s w h ic h r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r i e n c e and ju d g m e n t , f o r
e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p lic a t e d o r n o n r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n t in g t r a n s
a c t i o n s , s e l e c t i n g a m o n g a s u b s t a n t ia l v a r i e t y o f p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s
and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c i n g t r a n s a c t io n s th o u g h p r e v i o u s a c c o u n t in g a c t io n s
to d e te rm in e s o u r c e o f d is c r e p a n c ie s .
M ay be a s siste d by one o r m o r e
c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s .
C la s s B .
U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n , f o llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s
and s t a n d a r d iz e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s
one o r m o r e
r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g
c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , s u c h as p o s t in g t o l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e
i d e n t i f ic a t io n o f it e m s a n d l o c a t i o n s o f p o s t in g s a r e c l e a r l y in d ic a t e d ; c h e c k
in g a c c u r a c y a nd c o m p l e t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d iz e d a nd r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s o r
a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; a nd c o d in g d o c u m e n t s u s in g a fe w p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t
in g c o d e s .
C la s s A . K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f and
e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s , a nd f a m i l i a r i t y w ith th e s t r u c t u r e
o f th e p a r t i c u l a r a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m u s e d .
D e t e r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and
d is t r ib u t io n o f d e b it and c r e d i t it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k .
M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l id a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , a nd o t h e r r e c o r d s b y h an d .
C la s s B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a
s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s
o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (n o t i n
c lu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r m a c h in e b i l l e r ) , c o s t d i s
t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e t c . M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t
in p r e p a r a t io n o f t r i a l b a la n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r th e a c c o u n t in g
d e p a rtm e n t.
M A C H IN E B I L L E R
P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , and i n v o i c e s o n a m a c h in e o t h e r th an
an o r d in a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r i t e r . M a y a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s a s to b illin g s
o r s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n t a l to b illin g
o p e r a t io n s . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e
o f m a c h in e , as f o l l o w s :
B i l l i n g - m a c h i n e b i l l e r . U s e s a s p e c i a l b illin g m a c h in e ( c o m b in a t io n
ty p in g and a d d in g m a c h in e ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s '
p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in t e r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m s , e t c .
U s u a lly i n v o lv e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e d e t e r m i n e d d is c o u n t s and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s
a nd e n tr y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n ot b e c o m p u t e d o n
th e b illin g m a c h in e , and t o t a ls w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e d b y
m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly i n v o lv e s a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f
th e b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is o ft e n d o n e o n a f a n f o ld m a c h in e .
B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e b i l l e r .
U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r
w ith o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) t o p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s as p a r t o f th e
a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t io n . G e n e r a l ly i n v o lv e s th e s im u lt a n e o u s e n tr y o f
f i g u r e s o n c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s
f i g u r e s o n a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s and u s u a lly p r in t s
a u t o m a t ic a lly th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a l a n c e s .
D o e s n o t in v o lv e a k n o w le d g e
o f b o o k k e e p in g .
W ork s fr o m
u n if o r m
a nd s ta n d a r d t y p e s o f s a le s and
c r e d it s lip s .
P A Y R O L L CLERK
P e r f o r m s th e c l e r i c a l t a s k s n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o l l s an d to
m a in ta in p a y r o l l r e c o r d s . W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P r o c e s s i n g
w o r k e r s ' t i m e o r p r o d u c t io n r e c o r d s ; a d ju s tin g w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s f o r c h a n g e s
in w a g e r a t e s , s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s , o r t a x d e d u c t io n s ; e d itin g p a y r o l l
lis t i n g s a g a in s t s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; t r a c i n g an d c o r r e c t i n g e r r o r s in li s t i n g s ;
a nd a s s i s t in g in p r e p a r a t io n o f p e r i o d i c s u m m a r y p a y r o l l r e p o r t s . In a n o n a u t o m a t e d p a y r o l l s y s t e m , c o m p u t e s w a g e s . W o r k m a y r e q u ir e a p r a c t i c a l
k n o w le d g e o f g o v e r n m e n t a l r e g u la t io n s , c o m p a n y p a y r o l l p o li c y ', o r th e
co m p u te r s y s te m fo r p r o c e s s in g p a y r o lls .
KEYPUNCH O P E R A T O R
T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d
O p e r a t e s a k e y p u n c h m a c h in e t o r e c o r d o r v e r i f y a lp h a b e t ic a n d / o r
n u m e r ic da ta on ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r on ta p e .
f r o m th is d e fin it io n a r e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s . A l s o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s
o f e l e c t r o n i c d ig it a l c o m p u t e r s , e v e n th o u g h th e y m a y a ls o o p e r a t e e l e c t r i c
a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e e q u ip m e n t.
P o s itio n s
d e fin itio n s .
are
c la s s ifie d
in to
le v e ls
on th e
b a s is o f
th e f o llo w in g
C la s s A . W o r k r e q u ir e s th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r i e n c e and ju d g m e n t
in s e le c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to b e f o llo w e d and in s e a r c h i n g f o r , i n t e r p r e t in g ,
s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d in g it e m s to b e k e y p u n c h e d f r o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u r c e
d ocu m en ts.
O n o c c a s i o n m a y a ls o p e r f o r m s o m e r o u tin e k e y p u n c h w o r k .
M a y t r a in in e x p e r ie n c e d k e y p u n c h o p e r a t o r s .
C la s s B . W o r k is r o u tin e and r e p e t it iv e . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n
o r f o llo w in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r i n s t r u c t i o n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r io u s s ta n d
a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o d e d , and f o l l o w s s p e c i f i e d
p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a il and r e q u ir e lit t le o r no
s e l e c t i n g , c o d in g , o r in t e r p r e t in g o f d a ta to b e r e c o r d e d .
R e fe r s to s u
p e r v is o r p r o b le m s
a r is in g f r o m e r r o n e o u s it e m s o r c o d e s o r m i s s i n g
in fo r m a t io n .
T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R
c u la to r ,
O p e r a t e s o n e o r a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e t a b u la t o r , c a l
c o l l a t o r , i n t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n c h , e t c .
E x c lu d e d
P o s it io n s
d e fin itio n s .
are
c la s s ifie d
in to l e v e l s
o n th e
b a s is
o f th e fo llo w in g
C la s s A . P e r f o r m s c o m p le t e r e p o r t in g and ta b u la tin g a s s ig n m e n t s
in c lu d in g d e v is in g d if f ic u l t c o n t r o l p a n e l w ir in g u n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n .
A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e a v a r i e t y o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s w h ic h
o ft e n a r e i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g , r e q u ir in g s o m e p la n n in g o f th e n a tu r e
and s e q u e n c in g o f o p e r a t i o n s , and th e u s e o f a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s .
Is
t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e d in t r a in in g n e w o p e r a t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s o r tr a in in g
lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and in th e o p e r a t in g s e q u e n c e s
o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s .
D o e s n ot in c lu d e p o s it io n s in w h ic h w ir in g
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is l im it e d to s e l e c t i o n and i n s e r t io n o f p r e w i r e d b o a r d s .
C la s s B .
P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d i n g to e s t a b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and
under s p e c if ic in s tr u c tio n s .
A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e c o m p le t e but
r o u tin e and r e c u r r i n g r e p o r t s o r p a r t s o f l a r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t s .
O p e r a t e s m o r e d if f ic u l t ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e s s u c h as
th e t a b u la t o r and c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d itio n to th e s i m p l e r m a c h in e s u s e d b y
c la s s C o p e r a t o r s .
M a y b e r e q u ir e d to do s o m e w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s .
M a y t r a i n n e w e m p lo y e e s in b a s i c m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s .
C la s s C . U n d e r s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s , o p e r a t e s s im p le ta b u la tin g o r
e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e s s u c h as th e s o r t e r , i n t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c in g
p u n c h , c o l l a t o r , e t c . A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e p o r t io n s o f a w o r k u n it,
f o r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o r t i n g o r c o lla t in g r u n s , o r r e p e t it iv e o p e r a t io n s .
M ay p e r fo r m
s im p le w ir in g f r o m
d i a g r a m s , and do s o m e f ilin g w o r k .
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , B U SIN E SS
A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s to f o r m u la t e p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g
t h e m b y u s e o f e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e
d e s c r i p t i o n o f a ll s p e c i f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d t o e n a b le p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e
r e q u ir e d d ig it a l c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m s .
W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
A n a ly z e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s to b e a u t o m a t e d and id e n t i fie s c o n d it io n s
an d c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and
t y p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d o c u m e n t s to b e u s e d ; o u t lin e s a c t io n s to b e
p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u t e r s in s u f f ic ie n t d e t a il f o r p r e s e n t a t io n
t o m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m in g ( t y p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a t io n o f
w o r k and d a ta f lo w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d in a t e s th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s and
p a r t ic ip a t e s in t r i a l ru n s o f n e w and r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s
e q u ip m e n t c h a n g e s t o o b ta in m o r e e f f e c t i v e o v e r a l l o p e r a t io n s .
(N O T E :
W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o th s y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g s h o u ld b e c l a s
s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s i f th is is th e s k i l l u s e d to d e t e r m in e t h e i r p a y .)
C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BU SIN E SS— C o n tin u e d
F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o llo w s :
C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
c o m p le x p r o b l e m s in v o lv in g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s t e m a n a ly s is .
P r o b le m s are
c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d i v e r s e s o u r c e s o f in pu t d a ta an d m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e
m e n ts o f ou tp u t d a ta .
( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s
an in t e g r a t e d p r o d u c t io n
s c h e d u li n g , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a l y s i s , and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in
w h ic h e v e r y i t e m o f e a c h ty p e is a u t o m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th r o u g h th e fu ll
s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r ia t e f o llo w u p a c t io n s a r e in it ia t e d b y th e
c o m p u t e r .) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m i n e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g
p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l o n th e im p lic a t io n s o f n e w o r
r e v i s e d s y s t e m s o f d a ta p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t io n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s , i f
n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s in s t a lla t io n s o r c h a n g e s and f o r
o b ta in in g e q u ip m e n t.
M a y p r o v i d e fu n c t io n a l
w ho a re a s s ig n e d to a s s is t .
D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r th e m a n
a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s ,
o r sy ste m s
a n a ly s t s p r i m a r i l y
c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c o r e n g in e e r in g
p r o b le m s .
d ir e c tio n
to
lo w e r l e v e l
sy ste m s
a n a ly s t s
C la s s B .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n
p r o b l e m s th a t a r e r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p lic a t e d t o a n a ly z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , and
o p e r a t e . P r o b l e m s a r e o f l i m i t e d c o m p l e x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f in pu t da ta
a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and th e ou tp u t d a ta a r e c l o s e l y r e la t e d .
( F o r e x a m p le ,
29
C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS— Continued
C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS— Continued
d e v e lo p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s i t o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k , m a in ta in in g
a ccou n ts
r e c e i v a b l e in a r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t , o r m a in ta in in g in v e n t o r y
a c c o u n t s in a m a n u fa c t u r in g o r w h o l e s a le e s t a b lis h m e n t .)
C o n fe r s w ith
p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m in e th e da ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s
s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p lic a t io n s o f th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s
t o b e a p p lie d .
A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g is d if f ic u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip
m e n t m u s t b e o r g a n i z e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in t e r r e l a t e d but d i v e r s e p r o
d u c ts f r o m n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e d a ta e le m e n t s .
A w id e v a r ie t y and e x
t e n s iv e n u m b e r o f in t e r n a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t io n s m u s t o c c u r .
T h is r e q u ir e s
s u c h a c t io n s
as d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w h ic h ca n b e r e
u s e d , e s t a b lis h m e n t o f lin k a g e p o in ts b e t w e e n o p e r a t i o n s , a d ju s tm e n t s to
d a ta w h en p r o g r a m r e q u ir e m e n t s e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c it y , and
s u b s ta n tia l m a n ip u la tio n and r e s e q u e n c in g o f d a ta e le m e n t s to f o r m a
h ig h ly in t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m .
OR
W o r k s o n a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p le x d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e o r s y s t e m ,
as d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly on r o u tin e a s s ig n m e n t s and
r e c e i v e s in s t r u c t io n and g u id a n c e o n c o m p le x a s s i g n m e n t s . W o r k is r e v ie w e d
f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju d g m e n t , c o m p lia n c e w ith i n s t r u c t i o n s , and t o in s u r e
p r o p e r a lig n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a l l s y s t e m .
C la s s C . W o r k s u n d e r im m e d ia t e s u p e r v i s i o n , c a r r y i n g ou t a n a ly s e s
as a s s i g n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c t i v it y . A s s ig n m e n t s a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p
and e x p a n d p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e in th e a p p lic a t io n o f p r o c e d u r e s and s k ills
r e q u ir e d f o r s y s t e m s a n a ly s is w o r k . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l
s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r in g th e d e t a ile d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s r e q u ir e d b y p r o
g r a m m e r s f r o m in fo r m a t io n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r l e v e l a n a ly s t.
M a y p r o v id e f u n c t io n a l d i r e c t i o n
a re a s s ig n e d to a s s is t .
C la s s B .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
r e l a t i v e l y s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r o n s im p le s e g m e n t s o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s .
P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s in fo r m a t io n t o p r o d u c e d a ta in tw o
o r t h r e e v a r i e d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s . R e p o r t s a nd lis t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d b y
r e f in in g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y in g , o r m a k in g m i n o r a d d itio n s t o o r d e le t io n s f r o m
in pu t d a ta w h ic h a r e r e a d il y a v a ila b le .
W h ile n u m e r o u s
re c o r d s m ay be
p r o c e s s e d , th e d a ta h a v e b e e n r e f in e d in p r i o r a c t io n s s o th a t th e a c c u r a c y
and s e q u e n c in g o f da ta ca n b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a fe w r o u tin e c h e c k s . T y p i c a l l y ,
th e p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith r o u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a t i o n s .
C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U SIN E SS
OR
C o n v e r t s s t a t e m e n t s o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p i c a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a
s y s t e m s a n a ly s t , in to a s e q u e n c e o f d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h a r e r e
q u ir e d to s o l v e th e p r o b l e m s b y a u t o m a t ic d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t.
W o r k in g f r o m c h a r t s o r
d i a g r a m s , th e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s th e p r e
c i s e in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h , w h en e n t e r e d in to th e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d
la n g u a g e , c a u s e th e m a n ip u la t io n o f da ta to a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s .
W ork
in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a
b i l i t i e s , m a t h e m a t ic s , l o g i c e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t i c u l a r s u b
j e c t m a t t e r in v o lv e d to a n a ly z e c h a r t s and d ia g r a m s o f th e p r o b l e m to
b e p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e o f p r o g r a m s t e p s ; w r it e s d e t a ile d flo w
c h a r t s to s h o w o r d e r in w h ic h d a ta w i l l b e p r o c e s s e d ;
co n v e rts th ese
c h a r t s t o c o d e d in s t r u c t io n s f o r m a c h in e t o f o l l o w ; t e s t s
and c o r r e c t s
p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in s t r u c t io n s f o r o p e r a t in g p e r s o n n e l d u r in g p r o d u c t io n
ru n ; a n a ly z e s , r e v i e w s , and a lt e r s p r o g r a m s to i n c r e a s e o p e r a t in g e f f i
c i e n c y o r adapt to n ew r e q u ir e m e n t s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e
v e lo p m e n t and r e v i s i o n s . (N O T E :
W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o th s y s t e m s a n a l
y s i s and p r o g r a m m in g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s i f th is is
th e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m in e t h e i r p a y .)
D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e m a n
a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s ,
o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c a n d / o r e n g in e e r in g
p r o b le m s .
F o r w age
s tu d y
pu rposes,
p rogram m ers
are
c la s s ifie d
as f o l l o w s :
C la s s A .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t i o n
o n c o m p le x p r o b l e m s w h ic h r e q u ir e
c o m p e t e n c e in a ll p h a s e s o f p r o
g r a m m in g c o n c e p t s
an d p r a c t i c e s .
W o r k in g f r o m
d ia g r a m s
and c h a r t s
w h ic h id e n t ify th e n a t u r e o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a j o r p r o c e s s i n g s te p s to
b e a c c o m p l i s h e d , an d th e r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s s te p s o f th e p r o b
le m s o lv in g r o u t in e ; p la n s th e f u ll r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g a c t io n s n e e d e d
t o e f f i c i e n t l y u t iliz e th e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in a c h ie v in g d e s i r e d e n d p r o d u c t s .
t o lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w h o
W o r k s o n c o m p le x p r o g r a m s
(a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A ) u n d e r
c l o s e d i r e c t i o n o f a h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v i s o r .
M ay a s s is t
h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d if f ic u l t ta s k s
a s s i g n e d , an d p e r f o r m i n g m o r e d if f ic u l t t a s k s u n d e r f a i r l y c l o s e d i r e c t i o n .
M a y g u id e o r in s t r u c t l o w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s .
C la s s C . M a k e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a t io n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t i c e s
and c o n c e p t s
u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l t r a in in g c o u r s e s .
A s s ig n m e n t s
a r e d e s ig n e d t o d e v e lo p
c o m p e t e n c e in th e a p p lic a t io n o f s ta n d a r d p r o
c e d u r e s to r o u tin e p r o b l e m s .
R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on n e w a s p e c t s
o f a s s i g n m e n t s ; and w o r k is r e v ie w e d t o v e r i f y its a c c u r a c y and c o n fo r m a n c e
w ith r e q u ir e d p r o c e d u r e s .
COM PUTER O PERATO R
M o n it o r s and o p e r a t e s th e c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d ig it a l c o m p u t e r to
p rocess
d a ta a c c o r d i n g t o o p e r a t in g i n s t r u c t i o n s , u s u a lly p r e p a r e d b y a
p r o g r a m m e r . W o r k in c lu d e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : S tu d ie s in s t r u c t io n s to
d e t e r m in e e q u ip m e n t s e tu p and o p e r a t i o n s ; lo a d s e q u ip m e n t w ith r e q u ir e d
it e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c . ) ; s w it c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y e q u ip m e n t in to
c i r c u i t , and s t a r t s and o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s tm e n t s to c o m p u t e r to
c o r r e c t o p e r a t in g p r o b l e m s and m e e t s p e c i a l c o n d it io n s ;
r e v ie w s e r r o r s
m a d e d u r in g o p e r a t io n and d e t e r m i n e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b l e m to s u p e r
v i s o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m a in ta in s o p e r a t in g r e c o r d s . M a y t e s t and a s s i s t
in c o r r e c t i n g p r o g r a m .
F or
w age
s tu d y
p u rp oses,
co m p u te r
op era tors
are
c la s s ifie d
as
fo llo w s :
C la s s A . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n t ly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a
c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : N ew
p r o g r a m s a r e f r e q u e n t ly t e s t e d and in t r o d u c e d ; s c h e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n t s a r e
30
C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R — Continued
D R A F T E R — Continued
o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e t o m i n im iz e d o w n tim e ; th e p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p le x
d e s ig n s o th a t id e n t i fic a t io n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o fte n r e q u ir e s a w o r k in g k n o w
le d g e o f th e t o t a l p r o g r a m , and a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s m a y n ot b e a v a ila b le .
M a y g iv e d ir e c t i o n and g u id a n c e to lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s .
m a t e r ia ls to b e u s e d , lo a d c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s , s t r e s s e s , e t c .
R e c e iv e s
in it ia l i n s t r u c t i o n s , r e q u ir e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r .
C o m p le t e d
w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y .
C la s s B . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a
c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t
o f th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b lis h e d p r o d u c t io n r u n s , t y p i c a l l y run on a r e g u la r ly
r e c u r r i n g b a s i s ; t h e r e is lit t le o r n o t e s t in g o f n e w p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d ;
a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v id e d in c a s e o r i g i n a l p r o g r a m n e e d s m a j o r ch a n g e
o r ca n n o t b e c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b ly s h o r t t i m e .
In c o m m o n e r r o r
s it u a t io n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e and ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c t io n .
T h is u s u a lly in
v o l v e s a p p ly in g p r e v i o u s l y p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s t e p s , o r u sin g s ta n d a r d
c o r r e c t i o n t e c h n iq u e s .
O p e r a t e s u n d e r d i r e c t s u p e r v is io n a c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s o r
s e g m e n t s o f p r o g r a m s w ith th e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A . M a y
a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m in g l e s s d if f ic u l t ta s k s
a s s i g n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g d if f ic u l t ta s k s f o llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s and
w ith fr e q u e n t r e v ie w o f o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d .
C la s s C . W o r k s on ro u tin e p r o g r a m s u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n .
Is
to d e v e lo p w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t u s e d and
d e t e c t p r o b le m s in v o lv e d in ru n n in g ro u tin e p r o g r a m s . U s u a lly has
s o m e f o r m a l t r a in in g in c o m p u t e r o p e r a t io n . M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r l e v e l
on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s .
DRAFTER
C la s s A .
P la n s th e g r a p h ic p r e s e n t a t io n o f c o m p le x it e m s h a v in g
d is t in c t iv e d e s ig n fe a t u r e s th at d if f e r s ig n ific a n t l y f r o m e s t a b lis h e d d r a ftin g
p re ce d e n ts.
W o r k s in c l o s e s u p p o r t w ith th e d e s ig n o r i g i n a t o r , and m a y
r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s . A n a ly z e s th e e f f e c t o f e a c h ch a n g e on th e
d e t a ils o f f o r m , fu n c t io n , and p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s o f c o m p o n e n t s and
p a rts.
W o r k s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e .
C o m p le t e d w o r k
is r e v ie w e d b y d e s ig n o r i g i n a t o r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y w ith p r i o r e n g in e e r in g
d e t e r m i n a t i o n s . M a y e it h e r p r e p a r e d r a w in g s o r d i r e c t t h e ir p r e p a r a t io n b y
lo w e r le v e l d r a fte r s .
C la s s B .
P e r f o r m s n o n r o u tin e and c o m p le x d r a ftin g a s s ig n m e n t s
th a t r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a t io n o f m o s t o f th e s t a n d a r d iz e d d r a w in g t e c h n iq u e s
r e g u la r ly u s e d .
D u tie s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e s u c h w o r k a s :
P r e p a r e s w o r k in g
d r a w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b lie s w ith i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s , m u lt ip le f u n c t io n s , and
p r e c i s e p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n c o m p o n e n t s ; p r e p a r e s a r c h it e c t u r a l
d r a w in g s f o r c o n s t r u c t io n o f a b u ild in g in c lu d in g d e t a il d r a w in g s o f fo u n d a
t i o n s , w a ll s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p la n s , and r o o f .
U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u la s and
m a n u a ls in m a k in g n e c e s s a r y
c o m p u ta tio n s t o
d e t e r m in e q u a n tit ie s o f
D R A F T E R -T R A C E R
C o p ie s p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s b y p la c in g t r a c in g
c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g s and t r a c in g w ith p e n o r p e n c il.
(D o e s n ot
in c lu d e t r a c in g lim it e d t o p la n s p r i m a r i l y c o n s i s t in g o f s tr a ig h t lin e s and a
l a r g e s c a l e n ot r e q u ir in g c l o s e d e lin e a t io n .)
OR
e x p ected
a b ilit y to
r e c e iv e d
op erator
C la s s C .
P r e p a r e s d e t a il d r a w in g s o f s in g le u n its o r p a r t s f o r
e n g in e e r i n g , c o n s t r u c t io n , m a n u fa c t u r in g , o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s .
Types of
d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t i o n s (d e p ic tin g t h r e e d im e n s io n s
in a c c u r a t e s c a l e ) and s e c t i o n a l v ie w s to c l a r i f y p o s it io n in g o f c o m p o n e n t s
and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a t io n .
C o n s o lid a t e s d e t a ils f r o m a n u m b e r o f
s o u r c e s and a d ju s ts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ir e d . S u g g e s te d m e t h o d s o f
a p p r o a c h , a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v ic e on s o u r c e m a t e r ia ls a r e g iv e n
w ith in it ia l a s s i g n m e n t s .
I n s t r u c t io n s a r e l e s s c o m p le t e w h en a s s ig n m e n t s
r e c u r . W o r k m a y b e s p o t - c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .
31
A N D /O R
P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e t it iv e d r a w in g s o f e a s i l y v is u a l iz e d i t e m s .
W o r k is c l o s e l y s u p e r v is e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s .
E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N
W o r k s o n v a r io u s ty p e s o f e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t and r e la t e d d e v ic e s
b y p e r f o r m in g o n e o r a c o m b in a t io n o f th e fo llo w in g : I n s t a llin g , m a in ta in in g ,
r e p a ir in g , o v e r h a u lin g , t r o u b le s h o o t in g , m o d if y in g , c o n s t r u c t in g , and t e s t in g .
W o r k r e q u ir e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a t io n o f t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e o f e l e c t r o n i c s
p r i n c i p l e s , a b ilit y to d e t e r m in e m a lf u n c t io n s , and s k ill to put e q u ip m e n t in
r e q u ir e d o p e r a t in g c o n d it io n .
T h e e q u ip m e n t— c o n s i s t in g o f e it h e r m a n y d if f e r e n t k in d s o f c i r c u i t s
o r m u lt ip le r e p e t it io n o f th e s a m e k in d o f c i r c u i t — in c lu d e s , but is n o t lim it e d
t o , th e f o llo w in g :
(a) E l e c t r o n i c t r a n s m it t in g and r e c e i v i n g e q u ip m e n t ( e . g . ,
r a d a r , ' r a d io , t e l e v i s i o n , t e l e p h o n e , s o n a r , n a v ig a tio n a l a id s ) , (b) d ig it a l
and a n a lo g c o m p u t e r s , and ( c ) in d u s t r ia l and m e d i c a l m e a s u r in g and c o n
t r o l l i n g e q u ip m e n t.
T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c lu d e s r e p a i r e r s o f s u c h s ta n d a r d e l e c t r o n i c
e q u ip m e n t as c o m m o n o f f i c e m a c h in e s and h o u s e h o ld r a d io and t e l e v i s i o n
s e t s ; p r o d u c t io n a s s e m b l e r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y du ty is
s e r v i c i n g e l e c t r o n i c t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ; t e c h n ic ia n s w h o h a v e a d m in is t r a t iv e
o r s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ; and d r a f t e r s , d e s i g n e r s , and p r o f e s s i o n a l
e n g in e e r s .
P o s itio n s
d e f in it io n s .
are
c la s s ifie d
in to l e v e l s
on
th e
b a s is
of
th e f o llo w in g
C la s s A .
A p p lie s a d v a n c e d t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e u n u s u a lly
c o m p le x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y ca n n o t b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y
r e f e r e n c e to m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k in g on
E L E C T R O N IC S TE C H N IC IA N — Continued
E L E C T R O N IC S TE C H N IC IA N — Continued
e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t.
E x a m p le s o f s u c h p r o b l e m s
in c lu d e lo c a t io n and
d e n s it y o f c i r c u i t r y , e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c r a d ia t io n , i s o la t in g m a lf u n c t io n s , and
fr e q u e n t e n g in e e r in g c h a n g e s .
W o r k i n v o lv e s :
A d e t a ile d u n d e r s t a n d in g o f
th e in t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g in d e p e n d e n t ju d g m e n t in p e r
f o r m in g s u c h ta s k s
as m a k in g c i r c u i t a n a ly s e s , c a lc u la t in g w a v e f o r m s ,
t r a c in g r e la t io n s h ip s in s ig n a l f lo w ; and r e g u la r ly u s in g c o m p le x t e s t i n
stru m e n ts
( e . g . , du a l t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia t io n m e t e r s ,
p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ) .
W o r k m a y b e r e v ie w e d b y s u p e r v i s o r (fr e q u e n t ly an e n g in e e r o r
d e s ig n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s .
M a y p r o v id e
t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e t o l o w e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .
C la s s B . A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e c o m
p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y ca n b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y p r o p e r l y
in t e r p r e t in g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k in g on
e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t.
W o r k in v o l v e s : A f a m i l i a r i t y w ith th e i n t e r r e l a t i o n
s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; and ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m in in g w o r k s e q u e n c e and in s e le c t in g
t o o l s and t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p le x th an t h o s e u s e d b y th e
c l a s s A t e c h n ic ia n .
R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n , and w o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p t e d
p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s .
M a y p r o v id e t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e t o l o w e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .
C la s s C . A p p lie s w o r k in g t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to p e r f o r m s im p le o r
ro u tin e t a s k s in w o r k in g o n e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t, fo llo w in g d e t a ile d i n
s t r u c t io n s w h ic h c o v e r v i r t u a l l y a ll p r o c e d u r e s . W o r k t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e s s u c h
t a s k s a s : A s s i s t i n g h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s b y p e r f o r m i n g s u c h a c t i v i t i e s as
r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir in g c i r c u i t s , and ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g
s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t; and -using t o o l s and c o m m o n t e s t in s t r u m e n t s
( e . g . , m u l t i m e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is
n ot r e q u ir e d t o b e f a m i l i a r w ith th e in t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s .
T h is
k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a s s ig n m e n t s d e s ig n e d t o i n
c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e (in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m t r a in in g ) s o th a t w o r k e r ca n a d v a n c e
to h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n .
R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , as r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n .
W o r k is t y p i c a l l y s p o t c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e t a ile d
r e v ie w w h en n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n t s a r e in v o lv e d .
R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L N U R SE
A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d i c a l
d i r e c t i o n to i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o t h e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r
s u f f e r an a c c id e n t o n th e p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .
D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : G iv in g f i r s t a id t o th e i l l o r
in ju r e d ; a tte n d in g to s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e s ' i n j u r i e s ; k e e p in g
r e c o r d s o f p a t ie n t s t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r
o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t in g in p h y s i c a l e x a m in a t io n s and h e a lt h e v a lu a tio n s o f
a p p lic a n t s an d e m p l o y e e s ; a nd p la n n in g and c a r r y i n g ou t p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g
h e a lt h e d u c a t io n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t io n , e v a lu a t io n o f p la n t e n v ir o n m e n t , o r
o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a ff e c t in g th e h e a lt h , w e l f a r e , and s a fe t y o f a ll p e r s o n n e l.
N u r s in g s u p e r v i s o r s o r h e a d n u r s e s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than
o n e n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d .
MAINTENANCE, TOOLROOM, AND POWERPLANT
M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R
M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R I C I A N — C o n tin u e d
P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y t o c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in
in g o o d r e p a i r b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s b in s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s ,
b e n c h e s , p a r t it i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d
in an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g and
la y in g ou t o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l in s t r u c t i o n s ;
u s in g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b le p o w e r t o o l s , and s ta n d a r d
m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s
r e la t in g to
d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; and s e l e c t i n g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k .
In
g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g
and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t
t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; and u s in g a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d to o ls
and m e a s u r in g and t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s .
In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in
te n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d
th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
M A IN T E N A N C E P A I N T E R
P a in t s and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and f ix t u r e s o f an e s t a b
lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s
an d t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u i r e d f o r d if f e r e n t a p p lic a t io n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r f a c e f o r
p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld f in is h o r b y p la c i n g p u tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s
a nd i n t e r s t i c e s ; a nd a p p ly in g p a in t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h . M a y m i x c o l o r s ,
o i l s , w h ite l e a d , an d o t h e r p a in t in g r e d ie n t s t o o b ta in p r o p e r c p l o r o r c o n
s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d
tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r
e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R I C I A N
P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c tio n s s u c h as th e i n
s t a lla t io n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r r e p a i r o f e q u ip m e n t f o r th e g e n e r a t io n , d i s t r i
b u t io n , o r u t iliz a t io n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s
m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l
e q u ip m e n t s u c h as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s ,
c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a t in g u n it s , co n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o t h e r t r a n s
m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , la y o u t s , o r o t h e r
s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; lo c a t in g and d ia g n o s in g t r o u b le in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r
e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g s ta n d a r d c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g t o lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f
M A IN T E N A N C E M A C H IN IS T
P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s and n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f
m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in
v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r it t e n i n s t r u c t io n s and s p e c i f i c a
t i o n s ; p la n n in g a nd la y in g o u t o f w o r k ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t 's h a n d t o o ls
32
M A IN T E N A N C E M A CH IN IST— Continued
M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R — Continued
and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g s ta n d a r d
m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s t o c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d
s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o l i n g , f e e d s , ana s p e e d s
o f . m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f th e c o m m o n m e t a ls ;
s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , and e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r th is w o r k ;
and fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l , th e
m a c h i n i s t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a r o u n d e d tr a in in g in m a c h in e - s h o p
p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t
t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
m eet s p e c ific a tio n s .
In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p ip e fit t e r
r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
W o rk e r s p r im a r ily
e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g and r e p a ir in g b u ild in g s a n it a tio n o r h e a tin g s y s t e m s
a r e e x c lu d e d .
M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M A C H IN E R Y )
R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l
e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n t lin g
m a c h in e s and p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t m a in ly in v o lv e th e u s e o f h a n d t o o ls in
s c r a p in g and fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s w ith it e m s
o b ta in e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g th e p r o d u c t io n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a
m a c h in e s h o p o r s e n d in g th e m a c h in e to a m a c h in e s h o p f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ;
p r e p a r in g w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f
p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e s h o p s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll
n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s f o r o p e r a t io n .
In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y
m a in t e n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly
a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x
p e r ie n c e .
E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y
d u tie s in v o lv e s e tt in g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s .
M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M O T O R V E H IC L E )
R e p a ir s a u t o m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b
lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
E x a m in in g a u t o m o t iv e
e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d i s a s s e m b l i n g e q u ip m e n t and p e r
f o r m in g r e p a ir s th a t in v o lv e th e u s e o f s u c h h a n d t o o ls a s w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s ,
d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d i s a s s e m b lin g o r fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g
b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r in d in g and a d ju s tin g v a l v e s ; r e
a s s e m b lin g and in s t a llin g th e v a r io u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h i c l e and m a k in g
n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s ; and a lig n in g w h e e l s , a d ju s tin g b r a k e s and lig h t s , o r
tig h t e n in g b o d y b o l t s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m o t o r v e h i c l e m a in te n a n c e
m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h
a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot in c lu d e m e c h a n ic s w ho r e p a i r c u s t o m e r s '
v e h i c l e s in a u t o m o b ile r e p a i r s h o p s .
M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R
I n s t a lls o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r t y p e s o f p ip e and
p ip e fit t in g s in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g :
L a y in g
ou t w o r k and m e a s u r in g to l o c a t e p o s it io n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w in g s o r o t h e r
w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; cu ttin g v a r io u s s i z e s o f p ip e t o c o r r e c t le n g th s w ith
c h i s e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e - c u t t in g m a c h in e s ; th r e a d in g
p ip e w ith s t o c k s and d i e s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d - d r i v e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n
m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s t e n in g p ip e t o h a n g e r s ;
m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g t o p r e s s u r e s , f l o w , and s i z e o f
p ip e r e q u ir e d ; and m a k in g s ta n d a r d t e s t s t o d e t e r m in e w h e t h e r f in is h e d p ip e s
M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R
F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a ir th e s h e e t - m e t a l
e q u ip m e n t and f ix t u r e s ( s u c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e lv e s ,
l o c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t i l a t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e t a l r o o f in g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g and la y in g ou t a ll ty p e s o f
s h e e t - m e t a l m a in t e n a n c e w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a
t i o n s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g a ll a v a ila b le t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k in g
m a c h in e s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o ls in c u tt in g , b e n d in g , f o r m in g , s h a p in g ,
fit t in g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s t a llin g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s as r e q u ir e d . Tp
g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s rounder!
t r a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r
e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
M IL L W R IG H T
I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, a nd d is m a n t le s and
in s t a lls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w h en c h a n g e s in th e p la n t la y o u t a r e
r e q u ir e d . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la y in g ou t w o r k ;
in t e r p r e t in g b lu e p r in t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d to o ls
and r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to s t r e s s e s , s tr e n g t h
o f m a t e r i a l s , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g and b a la n c in g e q u ip m e n t;
s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t , and p a r t s t o b e u s e d ; and in s t a llin g and
m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t s u c h as d r iv e s and
speed red u cers.
In g e n e r a l , th e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a
r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R
A s s i s t s o n e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in -t h e s k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , b y
p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h a s k e e p in g a
w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r i a l s an d t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e ,
and e q u ip m e n t; a s s i s t in g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls o r t o o l s ; and
p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k ille d t a s k s as d i r e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n .
T h e k in d o f
w o r k th e h e l p e r is p e r m it t e d t o p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e t o t r a d e :
In
s o m e t r a d e s th e h e l p e r is c o n fin e d t o s u p p ly in g , lif t in g , and h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls
and t o o l s , and c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s h e is p e r m it t e d to
p e r f o r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t i o n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th a t a r e a ls o
p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is .
M A C H I N E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T O O L R O O M )
S p e c i a l i z e s in o p e r a t in g o n e o r m o r e th a n o n e ty p e o f m a c h in e
t o o l ( e . g . , j i g b o r e r , g r in d in g m a c h in e , e n g in e la t h e , m i llin g m a c h in e ) to
m a c h in e m e t a l f o r u s e in m a k in g o r m a in ta in in g j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s ,
g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d ie s o r m o l d s u s e d in s h a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r
n o n m e t a llic m a t e r i a l ( e . g . , p l a s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g l a s s ) . W o r k t y p i c a l l y
in v o lv e s :
P la n n in g and p e r f o r m i n g d if f ic u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s w h ic h
r e q u ir e c o m p l i c a t e d s e tu p s o r a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; s e tt in g up m a c h in e
M A C H IN E -T O O L , O P E R A T O R (T O O L R O O M )— Continued
T O O L AND DIE M A K E R — Continued
t o o l o r t o o l s ( e . g . , i n s t a ll cu ttin g t o o l s and a d ju s t g u id e s , s t o p s , w o r k in g
t a b l e s , and o t h e r c o n t r o ls to h a n d le th e s i z e o f s t o c k t o b e m a c h in e d ;,
d e t e r m i n e p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l i n g , and o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e o r s e l e c t
t h o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w in g s , b lu e p r in t s , o r la y o u t s ) ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f
p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s d u r in g
m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n to a c h ie v e r e q u is i t e d im e n s io n s to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s .
M a y b e r e q u ir e d to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s and cu ttin g and lu b r ic a t in g o i l s ,
t o r e c o g n i z e w h e n t o o l s n e e d d r e s s i n g , and t o d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l , th e
w o r k o f a m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) at th e s k i l l l e v e l c a lle d f o r in
th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n r e q u ir e s e x t e n s iv e k n o w le d g e o f m a c h in e - s h o p and t o o l
r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h c o n s i d e r a b l e o n - t h e - j o b t r a in in g and
e x p e r ie n c e .
w o r k in g to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h e a t - t r e a t i n g m e t a l p a r t s and f in is h e d t o o l s
an d d ie s t o a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a lit ie s ; fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s t o p r e
s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s a nd a llo w a n c e s .
In g e n e r a l , th e t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's
w o r k r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g in m a c h i n e - s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e
u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and
e x p e r ie n c e .
F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot
in c lu d e t o o l and d ie m a k e r s w h o (1 ) a r e e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g
s h o p s o r (2 ) p r o d u c e f o r g in g d ie s (d ie s i n k e r s ) .
S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN E E R
F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n ot
in c lu d e m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o l r o o m ) e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g
shops.
O p e r a t e s and m a in ta in s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v i s e th e o p e r a t io n o f
s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) t o s u p p ly the
e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r , h e a t , r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c o n d it io n in g .
W o r k in v o l v e s : O p e r a t in g and m a in ta in in g e q u ip m e n t s u c h as
s t e a m e n g in e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n tila t in g
and r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t, s t e a m b o i l e r s
a nd b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r p u m p s ;
m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y ,
t e m p e r a t u r e , and fu e l c o n s u m p t io n .
M a y a ls o s u p e r v i s e t h e s e o p e r a t io n s .
H ea d o r c h ie f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than o n e e n g in e e r
a re e x c lu d e d .
T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R
C on stru cts
and r e p a i r s j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r
m e t a l d ie s o r m o l d s u s e d in s h a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r n o n m e t a llic
m a t e r ia l (e .g ., p la s t ic , p la s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ).
W o r k t y p i c a l l y in v o I v e s :
P la n n in g and la y in g ou t w o r k a c c o r d i n g t o m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r
o t h e r w r it t e n o r o r a l s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u n d e r s t a n d in g th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f
c o m m o n m e t a ls
and a l l o y s ; s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r ia l’s , t o o l s , and
p r o c e s s e s r e q u ir e d t o c o m p le t e t a s k ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s ;
s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g v a r io u s m a c h in e t o o l s and r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; u sin g
v a r io u s t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's h a n d t o o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ;
B O IL E R T E N D E R
F i r e s s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s t o f u r n is h th e e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m
p lo y e d w ith h e a t , p o w e r , o r s t e a m .
F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e b y h an d o r
o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a t e r and
s a fe t y v a l v e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t.
MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
T R U C K D R IV E R
S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K — C o n tin u e d
D r iv e s a t r u c k w ith in a c it y o r in d u s t r ia l a r e a t o t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s ,
m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b e t w e e n v a r io u s t y p e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s
su ch as:
M a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t s , f r e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e s a le and
r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s
o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s .
M a y a ls o lo a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w ith o r w ith o u t
h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o r k in g
o r d e r . S a l e s - r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x c l u d e d .
i n v o l v e s : A k n o w le d g e o f s h ip p in g p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r o u t e s , a v a ila b le
m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t io n , and r a t e s ; and p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f th e g o o d s
s h ip p e d , m a k in g up b i l l s o f la d in g , p o s t in g w e ig h t and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s , and
k e e p in g a f i l e o f s h ip p in g r e c o r d s .
M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g th e
m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t. R e c e iv in g w o r k i n v o l v e s : V e r if y in g o r d ir e c t in g
o t h e r s in v e r i f y i n g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f s h ip m e n ts a g a in s t b i l l s o f la d in g , in
v o i c e s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r s h o r t a g e s an d r e j e c t i n g d a m a g e d g o o d s ;
r o u tin g m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; and m a in ta in in g
n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f ile s .
F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r i v e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y s i z e and
ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t , a s f o l l o w s :
( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r s h o u ld b e r a te d on th e b a s is
o f t r a i l e r c a p a c it y .)
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o llo w s :
lig h t t r u c k (u n d e r IV 2 t o n s )
m e d iu m t r u c k (IV 2 t o and in c lu d in g 4 t o n s )
h eav y tr u ck (tr a ile r ) (o v e r 4 to n s)
h e a v y t r u c k (o t h e r th a n t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 t o n s )
S h ip p in g c l e r k
R e c e iv in g c l e r k
S h ip p in g and r e c e i v i n g c l e r k
S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K
W AREH OU SEM AN
P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t, o r r e c e i v e s and is r e s p o n s ib le
f o r in c o m in g s h ip m e n ts o f m e r c h a n d is e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s .
S h ip p in g w o r k
A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s w h ic h r e q u ir e
an u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p la n . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t
34
W A R E H O U SE M A N — Continued
M A T E R IA L H AN DLING L A B O R E R — Continued
o f th e f o llo w in g : V e r if y in g m a t e r ia ls ( o r m e r c h a n d is e ) a g a in s t r e c e iv in g
d o c u m e n t s , n o tin g and r e p o r t in g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; r o u tin g
m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n s ; s t o r i n g , s t a c k in g , o r p a lle t iz in g
m a t e r ia ls in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g in g and
ta k in g in v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls and r e
p o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r i a l f r o m
s t o r a g e and
p r e p a r in g it f o r s h ip m e n t. M a y o p e r a t e h an d o r p o w e r t r u c k s in p e r f o r m in g
w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s .
c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g
m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e l o c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t in g
m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e b y h a n d t r u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w .
L on gshore
w o r k e r s , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d s h ip s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
E x c lu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u tie s in v o lv e sh ip p in g and r e c e iv in g
w o r k ( s e e S h ip p in g and R e c e iv in g C le r k and S h ip p in g P a c k e r ) , o r d e r f illin g
( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r t r u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ) .
P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k
o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in d s a b ou t a w a r e h o u s e ,
m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .
F o r w age
t r u c k , as f o llo w s :
s tu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e
c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f p o w e r -
O R D E R F IL L E R
F i l l s s h ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d
m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a le s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s '
o r d e r s , o r o t h e r i n s t r u c t io n s . M a y , in a d d itio n to f illin g o r d e r s and in d ic a t in g
it e m s f i l l e d o r o m it t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s , r e q u is i t io n a d d i
t io n a l s t o c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m o t h e r r e la t e d
d u t ie s .
S H IP P IN G P A C K E R
P r e p a r e s f in is h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g th e m
in sh ip p in g c o n t a in e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d ep e n d e n t
upon th e t y p e , s i z e , and n u m b e r o f u nits to b e p a c k e d , th e ty p e o f c o n t a in e r
e m p lo y e d , and m e t h o d o f s h ip m e n t.
W o r k r e q u ir e s th e p la c in g o f it e m s in
sh ip p in g c o n t a in e r s and m a y in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g : K n o w le d g e
o f v a r io u s it e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r to v e r i f y c o n te n t; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r ia t e
ty p e and s iz e o f c o n t a in e r ; in s e r t in g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u s in g e x c e l s i o r
o r o t h e r m a t e r ia l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c lo s in g and s e a lin g
c o n t a in e r ; and a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n t e r in g id e n tify in g d a ta on c o n t a in e r .
P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d .
M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R
A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, s t o r e , o r
o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g :
L o a d in g and u n lo a d in g v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e o n o r f r o m fr e ig h t
35
F o r k lift o p e r a t o r
P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r (o th e r th a n f o r k lif t )
GU ARD AND W A T C H M A N
G u a r d . P e r f o r m s ro u tin e p o l i c e d u t ie s , e it h e r at fix e d p o s t o r on
t o u r , m a in ta in in g o r d e r , u sin g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y .
In c lu d e s
g u a r d s w h o a r e s t a t io n e d at g a te and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and
o t h e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g .
W a t c h m a n . M a k e s ro u n d s o f p r e m i s e s
p r o p e r t y a g a in s t f i r e , t h e ft , and i l l e g a l e n tr y .
p e r io d ic a lly
in
p r o t e c t in g
J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R
C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d it io n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s and
w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r tm e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r
o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u ties in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g : S w e e p in g ,
m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s , t r a s h , and o t h e r
r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, f u r n it u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l f ix t u r e s o r
t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m i n o r m a in te n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; and c le a n in g
l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s .
W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w
w a s h in g a r e e x c l u d e d .
Available On Request
The follow in g a r e a s a r e su r v e y e d p e r io d ic a lly fo r use in a d m in is te rin g the S e r v ic e Contr;
ava ila b le at no c o s t fr o m any o f the BLS r e g io n a l o f fi c e s show n on the b ack c o v e r .
*
A la s k a
A lb a n y , Ga.
A lb u q u e rq u e , N. M ex.
A le x a n d r ia , La.
A lp e n a , S tan d ish , and T aw as C ity , M ich .
Ann A r b o r , M ich .
A s h e v ille , N .C .
A tla n tic C ity , N.J.
A u gu sta, Ga.—S.C .
B a k e r s fie ld , C a lif.
Baton R o u ge , La.
B attle C r e e k , M ich .
B eaum ont—P o r t A rth u r—O r a n g e , T ex.
B ilo x i—G u lfp ort and P a s c a g o u la , M is s .
B o is e C ity , Idaho
B r e m e r t o n , W ash.
B r id g e p o r t , N o rw a lk , and S ta m fo rd , Conn.
B ru n s w ick , Ga.
B u rlin g to n , Vt.—N .Y .
C ape C od , M a ss.
C e d a r R a p id s, Iowa
C ham paign—Urbana—Rantoul, 111.
C h a r le s to n , S.C .
C h a rlotte—G asto n ia , N .C .
C h eyen n e, W yo.
C la r k s v ilie —H o p k in s v ille , T e n n .—Ky.
C o lo r a d o S p rin g s, C o lo .
C o lu m b ia , S.C.
C o lu m b u s, Ga.—A la .
C o lu m b u s , M is s .
C r a n e , Ind.
D e ca tu r, 111.
D es M o in e s , Iowa
D othan, A la .
Duluth—S u p e r io r , M inn.—W is.
El P a s o , T e x ., and A la m o g o r d o —Las C r u c e s , N. M ex.
E ugene—S p r in g fie ld , O re g .
F a y e tt e v ille , N.C.
F itch b u rg —L e o m in s t e r , M a s s .
F o r t Sm ith, A r k .—O kla.
F o r t W ayne, Ind.
F r e d e r i c k —H ager stown , M d.—C h am ber sb u rg , P a .—
M a r tin s b u r g , W. Va.
G adsden and A n n is to n , A la .
G o ld s b o r o , N .C .
G rand Island—H a stin gs, N ebr.
G re a t F a lls , M ont.
G uam , T e r r i t o r y o f
H a r ris b u r g —Lebanon, Pa.
Huntington—A sh lan d , W. Va.—K y.—Ohio
K n o x v ille , Tenn.
La C r o s s e , W is.
L a red o, T ex.
L as V e g a s , Nev.
Law ton, O kla.
L im a , O hio
L ittle R ock —N orth L ittle R o c k , A rk .
A ct
of
1965.
S u rvey r e s u lts a r e p u b lish ed
in r e le a s e s w h ich , w h ile su p p lies
la s t,
a re o r w ill be
L ogan sp o rt—P e r u , Ind.
L o ra in —E ly r ia , O hio
L o w e r E a s te r n S h o r e , M d.—V a.—D el.
L yn ch b u rg, Va.
M a co n , Ga.
M a d iso n , W is.
M a n s fie ld , O hio
M a rq u ette, E s ca n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r ie , M ich .
M cA lle n —Ph ari^ -E dinburg and B r o w n s v ille —
H arlingen—San B e n ito , T e x .
M e d fo rd —K lam ath F a lls —G rants P a s s , O reg .
M e r id ia n , M is s .
M id d le s e x , M onm outh, and O cean C o s ., N .J.
M o b ile and P e n s a c o la , A la .—F la .
M o n tg o m e r y , A la.
N a sh v ille —D a vid son , T enn.
New B ern—J a c k s o n v ille , N .C .
N ew London—N o rw ich , C onn.—R .I.
N orth D akota, State o f
O rla n d o , F la .
O xnard—Sim i V a lley—V en tu ra, C a lif.
P anam a C ity , F la .
P a r k e r s b u r g —M a rie tta , W. V a.—Ohio
P e o r ia , III.
P h o e n ix , A r iz .
P ine B lu ff, A r k .
P o c a t e llo —Idaho F a lls , Idaho
P o r ts m o u th , N .H .—M aine—M a s s .
P u e b lo , C o lo .
P u e rto R ic o
R e n o , N ev.
R ich la n d —K ennew ick—W alla W alla—
P en d le to n , W ash.—O re g .
R iv e r s id e —San B e rn a rd in o —O n ta rio, C a lif.
S alina, K ans.
S alinas—S easid e—M o n te r e y , C a lif.
Sandusky, O hio
Santa B a rb a ra —Santa M aria—L o m p o c , C a lif.
Savannah, Ga.
S e lm a , A la .
Sherm an—D en iso n , T e x .
S h r e v e p o rt, La.
Sioux F a lls , S. Dak.
Spokane, W ash.
S p r in g fie ld , 111.
S p rin g fie ld —C h ico p e e —H o ly o k e, M a s s .—C onn.
Stock ton , C a lif.
T a c o m a , W ash.
Tam pa—St. P e t e r s b u r g , F la .
T o p e k a , K ans.
T u c s o n , A r iz .
T u ls a , O kla.
V a lle jo —F a ir fie ld —N apa, C a lif.
W aco and K ille e n —T e m p le , T ex .
W a te r lo o —C e d a r F a lls , Iow a
W est T e x a s P la in s
W ilm in gton , D e l.—N.J .—M d.
An annual r e p o r t on s a la r ie s fo r a c c o u n ta n ts , a u d it o r s , c h ie f a c c o u n ta n ts , a t t o r n e y s , jo b a n a ly s ts , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l, b u y e r s , c h e m is t s , e n g in e e r s , en g in e e r in g te c h n ic ia n s , d r a f t e r s , and
c le r i c a l e m p lo y e e s is a v a ila b le .
O rd e r as B L S B u lletin 1891, N ational S u rvey o f P r o f e s s io n a l, A d m in is t r a tiv e , T e c h n ic a l, and C le r i c a l P a y , M a rch 1975. $ 1 .3 0 a c o p y , fr o m any o f the B L S r e g io n a l s a le s
o f fi c e s shown on the back c o v e r , o r fro m the Superintenden t o f D o cu m e n ts, U.S. G o v e rn m e n t P rin tin g O ffic e , W ashington, D .C . 20402.
Area Wage Surveys
A lis t o f the la te st a v a ila b le b u lle tin s is p r e s e n te d b e lo w . A d ir e c t o r y o f a r e a w age stu dies in clu d in g m o r e lim ite d stu d ies con d u cted at the re q u e s t o f the
E m p lo y m e n t Standards A d m in is tra tio n o f the U.S. D epartm en t o f L a b o r is av a ila b le on r e q u e s t. B u lle tin s m ay be p u r c h a s e d fr o m any o f the BLS r e g io n a l o f fi c e s show n
on the b a ck c o v e r o r fr o m the Superintenden t o f D o cu m e n ts , U .S. G overn m en t P rin tin g O ff ic e , W ashington, D .C . 20402
A rea
A k ro n , O h io, D e c . 1975______________________________________________
A lban y—Schenectady—T r o y , N .Y ., Sept. 1975*_____________________
A n aheim —Santa A n a -G a r d e n G ro v e , C a lif., O ct. 1 9 7 5 1___________
Atlanta, G a „
M ay
1976___________________________________________
A u stin , T e x .,
D e c . 1 9 7 5 1 _________________________________________
B a lt im o r e , M d., A u g. 1 97 51 ________________________________________
B illin g s , M on t., J u ly 1976___________________________________________
B ingh am ton , N .Y ,—P a ., J u ly 19 7 6 *_________________________________
B irm in g h a m , A la ., M a r . 1 9 7 6 1_____________________________________
B o s to n , M a s s ., A u g. 1 9 7 5 1__________________________________________
B u ffa lo , N .Y ., O ct.
1 9 7 5 1_________________________________________
C anton, O h io, M ay
1 9 7 6 __________________________________________
C hattanooga, T e n n ^ G a ., Sept. 1 9 7 5 *______________________________
C h ic a g o , 111., M ay 1976______________________________________________
C in cin n ati, O hio—K y.—Ind., M a r . 197 6__________________________ ____
C le v e la n d , O h io, Sept. 197 5____________________ ___________________
C o lu m b u s, O h io, O ct. 1975* ________________________________________
C o rp u s C h ris ti, T e x ., J u ly 1976____________________________________
D allas—F o r t W orth , T e x ., O ct. 1 9 7 5 * ______________________________
D a ve n p o rt—R o c k Island—M o lin e , I o w a -I ll., F e b . 1976____________
D ayton, O h io, D e c . 1975_____________________________________________
D aytona B e a ch , F la ., A u g. 1976 ____________________________________
D enver—B o u ld e r , C o lo ., D e c . 1975_________________________________
D e tr o it, M ic h ., M a r . 1 9 7 6 1__________________________________________
F o r t L a u d e rd a le —H o llyw o o d and W e st P a lm Beach—
B o c a R a ton , F la ., A p r . 197 6______________________________________
F r e s n o , C a lif., June 19 7 6 ___________________________________________
G a in e s v ille , F la ., Sept. 1975________________________________________
G re e n B ay, W is ., J u ly 1976_________________________________________
G re e n s b o r o -W in s t o n -S a le m -H ig h P o in t, N .C ., A ug. 197 6 _______
G re e n v ille -S p a r ta n b u r g , S .C ., June 1 9 7 6 1________________________
H a r tfo r d , C on n ., M a r . 197 6_________________________________________
H ouston, T e x ., A p r . 197 6____________________________________________
H u n tsv ille , A la ., F e b . 1976 ______ __________________________________
In d ian ap olis, Ind., O ct. 1 9 7 5 * ______________________________________
J a c k s o n , M is s ., F e b . 1976___________________________________________
J a c k s o n v ille , F la ., D e c. 1975_______________________________________
K an sas C ity, M o^ -K an s., Sept. 197 5_______________________________
L exin gton —F a y e tte , K y ., N ov. 1 9 7 5 1_______________________________
L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a ch , C a lif., O ct. 1975 1 _____________________
L o u is v ille , K y.—Ind., N o v . 197 5_____________________________________
M e lb o u r n e -T it u s v ille - C o c o a , F la ., A u g. 197 5 ____________________
M e m p h is, Tenn.—A r k .—M is s . , N o v . 1975___________________________
* Prices are determ in ed by d ie G overnm ent Printing O ffice and are su bject to change.
* Data on establishm ent pra ctices and supplementary w age provisions are also presented.
B u lle tin n u m ber
and p r i c e *
1 8 5 0 -8 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 3 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 5 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 3 ,
18 5 0 -6 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 9 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 9 ,
19 0 0 -1 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 8 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 9 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 8 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 7 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -7 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 9 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 5 ,
185 0 -7 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 5 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 5 ,
45 cen ts
$ 1 .2 0
85 cen ts
85 cen ts
75 cen ts
$ 1 .3 0
55 cents
85 ce n ts
95 cen ts
$ 1 .5 0
95 cen ts
55 ce n ts
85 cen ts
$1.05
75 cen ts
$ 1 .3 0
95 cents
55 cents
$ 1 .5 0
55 cen ts
45 ce n ts
45 cen ts
75 cen ts
$ 1 .2 5
1 9 0 0 -2 0 ,
19 0 0 -2 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 7 ,
19 0 0 -3 7 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 7 ,
1 90 0-3 6,
1 9 0 0 -1 4 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 7 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -8 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 5 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 6 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 5 ,
55 cents
55 cen ts
$ 1 .1 0
55 cen ts
65 cents
85 cen ts
55 cen ts
85 cen ts
55 ce n ts
95 ce n ts
55 cen ts
45 cen ts
80 cen ts
75 cents
$ 1 .1 5
45 ce n ts
65 ce n ts
45 ce n ts
A rea
B u lletin n um ber
and p r i c e *
M i a m i , F l a . , O c t . 1 9 7 5 _________________________________________________________
M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , A p r . 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________________
M i n n e a p o li s —S t . P a u l , M i n n .—W i s . , J a n . 1 9 7 6 ____________________________
N a s s a u - S u f f o l k , N . Y . , J u n e 1 9 7 6 ___________________________________________
N e w a r k , N . J . , J a n . 1 9 7 6 ________________________________________________ ______
N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , J a n . 1 9 7 6 ________________________________________________
N e w Y o r k , N . Y . - N . J . , M a y 1 9 7 6 ____________________________________________
N o r f o lk —V i r g i n i a B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h , V a . —N . C . , M a y 1 9 7 6 * ________
N o r f o lk —V i r g i n i a B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —
1 8 5 0 -7 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 5 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 0 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 7 ,
95 ce n ts
8 5 cen ts
95 cen ts
8 5 c e n ts
8 5 cen ts
75 c e n ts
$ 1 .0 5
8 5 c e n ts
H a m p t o n , V a ^ N . C . , M a y 1 9 7 6 1 __________________________________________
N o r t h e a s t P e n n s y l v a n i a , A u g . 1 9 7 6 _________ ______________________________
O k l a h o m a C i t y , O k l a ., A u g . 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________
O m a h a , N e b r ^ I o w a , O c t . 1 9 7 5 ________________ ______________________________
P a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , J u n e 1 9 7 6 ___________________ ;_________
P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a .—N . J . , N o v . 1 9 7 5 _________________________________________
P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n . 1 9 7 6 1 _________________________________________________
P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , N o v . 1 9 7 5 __________________________________________________
P o r t l a n d , O r e g ,—W a s h . , M a y 1 9 7 5 _________________________________________
P o u g h k e e p s i e , N . Y . , J u n e 1 9 7 5 * ___________________________________________
P o u g h k e e p s i e - K i n g s t o n - N e w b u r g h , N . Y . , J u n e 1 9 7 5 1 ________________
P r o v i d e n c e - W a r w i c k —P a w t u c k e t , R . 1 , - M a s s . , J u n e 1 9 7 6 __________
R a l e i g h —D u r h a m , N . C . , F e b . 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________
R i c h m o n d , V a . , J u n e 1 9 7 6 _____________________________________________________
S t . L o u i s , M o .—111., M a r . 1 9 7 6 1 ____________________________________________
S a c r a m e n t o , C a l i f . , D e c . 1 9 7 5 __________________________________ ___________
S a g in a w , M i c h . , N o v . 1 9 7 5 _____________________________________________ ______
S a lt L a k e C it y —O g d e n , U t a h , N o v . 1 9 7 5 1 _________ _____________ _______ __
San A n t o n io , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 6 _________________________ ________ ______________
S a n D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1 9 7 5 _________________________________________________
S a n F r a n c i s c o - O a k l a n d , C a l i f . , M a r . 1 9 7 6 _______________________________
San J o s e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1 9 7 6 __________________________________________________
S e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , J a n . 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________
S ou th B e n d , I n d ., M a r . 1 9 7 6 _________________________________________________
S t a m f o r d , C o n n ., M a y 1 9 7 6 * __________________________________________ _______
S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 6 ____________________________________________________
T o l e d o , O h i o - M i c h . , M a y 1 9 7 6 ______________________________________________
T r e n t o n , N . J . , S e p t . 1 9 7 5 1 ___________________________________________________
U t i c a —R o m e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 5 1 ______________________________________________
W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . —M d .—V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 6 ___________________________________
W e s t c h e s t e r C o u n t y , N . Y . , M a y 1 9 7 6 ____________________________________
W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1 9 7 6 ____________________________________________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , A p r . 1 9 7 6 _______________________________________________
Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1 9 7 6 ___________________________________________________________
1 9 0 0 -3 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 2 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 8 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 5 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 2 ,
1 8 5 0 -4 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 1 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 4 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 7 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 4 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 3 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 7 ,
1 9 0 0 -9 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -6 ,
1 9 0 0 -5 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 0 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 4 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -4 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 1 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 ,
8 5 ce n ts
65 ce n ts
55 c e n ts
$ 1 .1 0
5 5 c e n ts
8 5 c e n ts
$ 1 .1 5
4 5 c e n ts
7 5 c e n ts
6 5 c e n ts
7 5 ce n ts
7 5 cen ts
55 c e n ts
65 ce n ts
$ 1 .2 5
4 5 c e n ts
3 5 c e n ts
7 5 c e n ts
65 c e n ts
4 5 c e n ts
95 c e n ts
7 5 ce n ts
65 ce n ts
5 5 c e n ts
85 ce n ts
55 ce n ts
55 c e n ts
$ 1 .2 0
8 0 c e n ts
8 5 cen ts
55 cen ts
55 c e n ts
55 c e n ts
55 ce n ts
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
Postage and Fees Paid
U.S. Department of Labor
Third Class Mail
Official Business
Penalty for private use, $300
Lab-441
Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices
R e g io n I
R e g io n II
R e g io n IV
R e g io n I I I
1 60 3 J F K F e d e ra l B u ild in g
G o v e r n m e n t C e n te r
B o s to n , M a s s . 0 2 2 0 3
P h o n e : 2 2 3 -6 7 6 1 (A re a C o d e 6 1 7 )
S u ite 3 4 0 0
1 51 5 B ro a d w a y
N e w Y o rk , N .Y . 1 0 0 36
P h o n e : 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5 (A re a C o d e 2 1 2 )
3 5 3 5 M a rk e t S tre e t,
P .O . B o x 1 3 3 0 9
P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 19101
P h o n e : 5 9 6 -1 1 5 4 (A re a C o d e 2 1 5 )
S u ite 5 4 0
1371 P e a c h tre e S t., N .E .
A t la n ta , G a . 3 0 3 0 9
P h o n e : 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8 (A re a C o d e 4 0 4 )
C o n n e c t ic u t
M a in e
M a s s a c h u s e tts
N e w H a m p s h ir e
R h o d e I s la n d
V e rm o n t
N e w J e rs e y
N e w Y o rk
P u e rto R ic o
V ir g in Is la n d s
D e la w a re
D is t r ic t o f C o lu m b ia
M a ry la n d
P e n n s y lv a n ia
V ir g in ia
W e s t V ir g in ia
A la b a m a
F lo rid a
G e o r g ia
K e n tu c k y
M is s is s ip p i
N o rth C a ro lin a
S o u th C a ro lin a
Tennessee
R e g io n V
9 th F lo o r, 2 3 0 S . D e a rb o rn S t.
C h ic a g o , III. 6 0 6 0 4
P h o n e : 3 5 3 -1 8 8 0 (A re a C o d e 3 1 2 )
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Ohio
Wisconsin
.R e g io n V I
R e g io n s V II a n d V I I I
R e g io n s IX a n d X
D a lla s , T e x. 7 5 2 0 2
P h o n e : 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (A re a C o d e 2 1 4 )
F e d e ra l O ffic e B u ild in g
911 W a ln u t S t . , 1 5 th F lo o r
K a n s a s C ity , M o . 6 4 1 0 6
P h o n e : 3 7 4 -2 4 8 1 (A re a C o d e 8 1 6 )
4 5 0 G o ld e n G a te A ve .
B ox 36017
S a n F ra n c is c o , C a lif . 9 4 1 0 2
P h o n e : 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (A re a C o d e 4 1 5 )
A rk a n s a s
L o u is ia n a
N e w M e x ic o
O k la h o m a
T exas
V II
Io w a
K ansas
M is s o u r i
N e b ra s k a
IX
X
A r iz o n a
C a lif o r n ia
H a w a ii
N evada
A la s k a
Id a h o
O re g o n
W a s h in g to n
S e c o n d F lo o r
555 Griffin Square Building
V III
C o lo r a d o
M o n ta n a
N o rth D a k o ta
S o u th D a k o ta
U ta h
W y o m in g
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