The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
f AREA WAGE SURVEY A kro n , O hio, M e tro p o lita n A rea, D ecem ber 1973 Bulletin 1795-10 SUMMIT PORTAGE Dayton & Montgomery Cc Public Library J U N 111974 DOCUMENT COLLECTION U S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Rnrpau of Labor Statistics ANNOUNCEM ENT Beginning with the 1795 series, Area Wage Surveys will be issued as bulletins (for sale) only every third year. These bulletins will contain information on establishment practices and supplementary benefits as well as earnings. In the interim years, supplements containing data on earnings only will be issued free. Supplements can be obtained from BLS Regional Offices listed on the back cover of this publication. Preface This bulletin provides results of a December 1973 survey of occupational earnings and supplementary wage benefits in the Akron, Ohio, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (Portage and Summit Counties). The survey was made as part of the Bureau of Labor Sta tistics' annual area wage survey program. The program is designed to yield data for in dividual metropolitan areas, as well as national and regional estimates for all Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States, excluding Alaska and Hawaii. A major consideration in the area wage survey program is the need to describe the level and movement of wages in a variety of labor markets, through the analysis of (l) the level and distribution of wages by occupation, and (2) the movement of wages by occupational category and skill level. The program develops information that may be used for many purposes, including wage and salary administration, collective bargaining, and assistance in determining plant location. Survey results also are used by the U.S. Department of Labor to make wage determinations under the Service Contract Act of 1965. Currently, 94 areas are included in the program. (See list of areas on inside back cover.) In each area, occupational earnings data are collected annually. Information on establishment practices and supplementary wage benefits, collected every second year in the past, is now obtained every third year. Results of the next two annual surveys, providing earnings data only, will be issued as free supplements to this bulletin. The supplements may be obtained from the Bureau's regional offices. (See back cover for addresses.) Each year after all individual area wage surveys have been completed, two sum mary bulletins are issued. The first brings together data for each metropolitan area surveyed. The second summary bulletin presents national and regional estimates, projected from individual metropolitan area data. The Akron survey was conducted by the Bureau's regional office in Chicago, 111., under the general direction of Lois L. Orr, Associate Assistant Regional Director for Operations. The survey could not have been accomplished without the cooperation of the many firms whose wage and salary data provided the basis for the statistical information is this bulletin. The Bureau wishes to express sincere appreciation for the cooperation received. AREA W AGE SURVEY V B u lletin 1795-10 April 1974 U.S. D E PA R TM E N T OF LABOR, Peter J. Brennan, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S , Julius Shiskin, Commissioner Akron, Ohio, M etropolitan Area, December 1973 CO NTENTS Page 2 Introduction Tables: A. 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 Earnings: A - 1. Weekly earnings of office workers Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers A -2 . A - 3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex Hourly earnings of maintenance and powerplant workers A - 4. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers A - 5. A - 6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, powerplant, custodial, and material movement workers, by sex Indexes of earnings for selected occupational groups and percents of increase for selected periods A - 7. A - 8. Percents of increase in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts B. Establ:ishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: Minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced typists and clerks B -l. Late-shift pay provisions for manufacturing plant workers B -2 . B -3. Scheduled weekly hours and days of first-shift workers B -4. Annual paid holidays B -4a. Identification of major paid holidays Paid vacation provisions B -5 . B- 6. Health, insurance, and pension plan provisions 23 Appendix A. Scope and method of survey 26 Appendix B. Occupational descriptions F o r sale b y th e S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g O f f ic e , W a s h in g to n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 , G P O B o o k s to r e s , o r B L S R e g io n a l 0 " !ces lis t e d o n b a c k c o v e r. P r ic e 6 5 c e n ts . M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le t o S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts . 1 Introduction This area is 1 of 94 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists to representative estab lishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transpor tation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because of insufficient employment in the occupations studied. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. plant workers. The first of these, table A -7 , measures changes in average earnings of the four occupational groups over time. Where possible, data are presented for all industries and manufacturing. Table A -8 presents another measure of wage movements. The percents of change reported for the occupational groups are computed to eliminate changes in average earnings caused by employment shifts among estab lishments as well as turnover of establishments included in survey samples. Where possible, data also are presented for nonmanufacturing. Appendix A discusses more fully differences between these tables. B -series tables The B -se r ie s tables present information on minimum entrance salaries for office w orkers; late-shift pay provisions and practices for plant workers in manufacturing; and data separately for plant and office workers on scheduled weekly hours and days of first-shift workers; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans. A -s e r ie s tables Tables A - l through A -6 provide estimates of straight-time hourly or weekly earnings for workers in occupations common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupations were selected from the following categories: (a) Office clerical, (b) pro fessional and technical, (c) maintenance and powerplant, and (d) custodial and material movement. In the 22 largest survey areas, tables A -l a through A -6 a provide similar data for establishments employing 500 workers or m ore. Appendixes This bulletin has two appendixes. Appendix A describes the methods and concepts used in the area wage survey program and provides information on the scope of the area survey. It also provides infor mation on labor-management agreement coverage. Appendix B provides job descriptions used by Bureau field economists to classify workers in occupations for which straight-time earnings information is presented. Following the occupational wage tables are two tables providing indexes and percents of change in average earnings of office clerical workers, industrial nurses, skilled maintenance workers, and unskilled 2 A. Earnings Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f — Number of workers Occupation and industry division * (standard Mean * Median * * Middle range* Under S and 70 under 75 s $ * 70 75 80 s 85 s s 90 95 * 100 * 110 » 120 » 150 > 150 » 150 » 160 » » 170 180 190 S 200 « 210 » 220 230 and 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 130 150 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 *20 230 over HEN AND WOMEN COMBINED BILLERS. MACHINE (BI LLING $ $ $ $ 157.50 157.50 105.50-191.50 1 BILLERS* MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING 8 1 b o o k k e e p i n g -m a c h i n e 2 OPERATORS, 2 5 55 39 125.00 115.00 27 558 286 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, 50.0 115.00 109.00 1 0 5 . 5 0 50.0 110.00 107.50 1 0 5 . 5 0 50.0 165.00 163.00 1 5 5 . 0 0 50.0 169.50 171.50 15 9. 00 - 183.50 187.50 ii 8 15 11 118 53 65 71 56 25 11G i n n 123 SO 118 50 An n 125.00 119.00 103.50-153.50 * i n • 0 147.00 i In *nn 135.50-156.50 n l 0.0 32 An n 129.50 12 .00 120.00-132.00 i u nn 0.0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B 252 nonmanufacturing CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A CLERKS, FILE, CLASS 2" 1 75 177 39.5 99 00 96 SO 50.0 113.00 115.00 39.5 93.00 02.j 0 3 .5 rftuf r tri% 62 NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG f J7 KEYP UN CH OPERATORS, CLASS A 357 227 K E YP UN CH OPERATURS, CL SS B 326 97.50 98.5073.50- (OFFICE BOYS ANO GIRLS)- i nn 1"9 "0 i q / nn 191.50 160.00-225.00 3? 0 1 3"*"0 135.50 99.00- 16 6. 00 manufacturing * ** See W ork ers W ork ers fo o tn o te s 14" 125 --- w ere w ere d is tr ib u te d d is t r ib u t e d as as fo llo w s : fo llo w s : An * n in * ■ An n A * 7o 0 u 13 12 19 12 17 36 15 22 - 1 35 13 67 26 58 22 56 36 55 59 60 51 50 33 81 26 55 53 57 25 22 20 31 13 18 17 11 11 23 15 12 16 1 19 21 1 1 20 12 23 10 6 - - - 9 9 10 28 11 17 28 8 20 10 3 9 - 3 at $ 2 5 0 - to $ 260; 3 - 60 12 50 16 53 31 53 55 25 13 13 . g 35 29 8 8 32 30 39 36 59 30 17 20 37 23 22 19 20 20 10 8 i and 9 2 16 39 22 17 65 53 22 no 5 . 12 10 8 28 19 12 8 38 13 25 20 8 13 l 10 29 28 1 1 10 *10 1 8 J 4 7 12 12 15 10 6 17 15 8 1 3 g 13 1 1 at e n d o f t a b l e s . 13 1 215.50 216.00 - 3 at $ 2 4 0 t o $ 2 5 0 . 8 at $ 2 4 0 t o $ 2 5 0 ; 17 10 l 156.50 157.00 13 2. 00 181.50 13 8. 00 185.50 w \ i in* -n 117.50-166.50 on >0 i Ti nn 1 00. c n 1 6 1. 00 198.00 1 " 0 7 at $ 2 3 0 t o $ 2 4 0 ; 4 at $ 2 3 0 t o $ 2 4 0 ; 29 15 15 10 89 .0 0-117.50 87.50- 99.00 19" 00 201 50 17 5. 00 50.0 199.50 206.00 18 3. 00 - 16 10 2 156.50 i7i*nn 116.50-178.50 39 ^ nn 50.0 163.00 166.00 155.00-182.00 n( n n i -n An n 1^0.00 15 .50 124.00-174.50 i cn nn i *11 cn 50.0 102.00 96.00 50.0 95.50 93.00 39.5 121.50 126.50 140 23 23 117.00 113.00 99.00- 12 8. 00 An * n 121.50 107.00-137.00 In t ’Sn 39.5 107.00 105.00 .f ? * 55 cn 08. 50 126 96 30 20 12 } 1 16 15 125.00 105.50 15 152 MESSENGERS 20 - 2 10 . • 1 at $ 2 9 0 t o $ 3 0 0 . 79 31 25 12 13 25 15 26 15 12 15 11 1 35 27 i l 5 25 17 7 1 1 11 153 93 60 10 1 - 1 176 130 56 - 202 161 51 12 1 - - - - - - 35 31 1 191 159 32 198 152 56 22 176 151 25 16 170 138 32 30 150 136 15 1? 69 52 17 17 51 35 23 16 5 7 15 10 13 11 17 15 21 21 26 25 11 *♦16 ll 15 Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973— Continued Weekly earnings (standard) O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of 1 N um be r o f w o rk e r S Average weekly hours (standard) Unde * Mean ^ Median * Middle ranged % s i 70 75 $ 80 $ 85 * S 90 95 r e c e iv in g 100 s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f $ % S 110 120 $ % 130 140 $ 150 $ 160 -* s 170 180 $ 190 t 200 s $ 210 220 and unde r 70 75 230 and 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 5 10 4 18 14 4 13 5 9 5 33 25 8 46 30 16 47 36 11 52 45 7 85 85 “ 119 114 5 22 21 1 3 3 “ 42 33 70 50 20 10 98 75 23 98 91 41 11 24 8 16 16 11 65 68 50 18 230 o v e r MEN AND WOMEN COM0INED-CO NT IN UE D SE CRETARIES - CO NT IN UE D 482 86 i/f t rUuL 1 U 1 1L 1 1 1t J 1nr 65 36^ iib $ 39 . s 173.00 178.50 39.0 150.00 $ 181.00 185.50 155.00 /n n i c / nn / A 15' *00 154.00 $ $ 1 5 6. 50 192.50 165.00-192.50 1 2 6. 50 169.00 * 1 “ 1 39 0 154.00 13 2. 00 i f3.50 40.0 172.50 l 7T *-n 149.00- ” i 1 i 1 169.00 202.00 - i n nn 132.00 112.00-152.00 '0 0 135*00 38.5 127.00 »n/*nn 100* 00 16 8 - 8 . 12 124.00 110.00-141.50 40*0 J li’*nn :~ t - n 152.00 40.0 l f / * -QQ 128.50 1 0 4. 50 * 12 9. 50 158.00 l 1 ^n*n 1^9*00 nn ^ i n s n 149.00 130.50-159.00 40 0 1C"*00 42 , 17 i 24 11 20 2 2 43 25 18 62 28 14 50 32 18 3 0 .5 26 70 *7 31 26 5 8 8 44 36 8 _ J? : 66 59 1 98.50-124.50 98.00-122.00 B B 55 40.0 128.00 122.00 1 0 6. 00 1 0 5. 00 - - - - - 16 20 18 8 3 16 3 10 14 12 5 8 42 21 21 , 33 18 15 109 1 ail L. 77 1 1 1 54 LD 8 ; * - 6 5 43 1 3 26 26 14 8 8 “ 8 i i 1 20 58 7 10 3 7 27 68 7 l I? ■*1 15 ft 5 1 - - w - 3 5 1 7 7 ?4 6 ■ c/> f f 0 KA i L'nn : i.2* ^ l00.00 10-p. 00 39.5 118.00 114.00 112.00 111.50 39. 5 12 3.->0 119.00 170 15 2 40.0 163.00 16t.30 3 •i : SW IT CH BO AR D O P ER AT OR -R EC EP TI ON IS TS - 3 3 3 6 2 2 2 4 4 2 - 3 11 6 11 - - TRANSCRI BI NG -M AC HI NE OPERATORSt if a 49 129.50 117.00-141.50 116.50-144.00 40*0 132*00 39.5 129.00 J o S " n n 131*00 122.50-137.50 l l r*" ' n 39 0 103*50 See fo o tn o te s 110.50 25 21 25 97.00-131.00 at e n d o f t a b le s . 24 22 11 1 21 204 15 15 1 149.00 146.50 4 53 8 45 58 35 23 2 33 19 14 56 39 17 12 12 8 52 36 16 12 40 27 13 10 48 32 16 16 32 20 12 16 12 8 1 24 66 31 35 5 1 ** 30 28 3 1 1 5 2 i Table A -2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 Weekly earnings 1 (standard) Number of workers N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a ig h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n in g s o f _ _ * » * * hours1 (standard] N W Median ^ Middle ranged 140 s 150 * 150 * i 170 180 t i 120 130 140 ISO 160 170 180 190 200 * 1 “ 4 4 3 1 5 4 14 11 9 9 190 200 $ t s i t t 240 250 250 270 250 260 270 280 i t 280 i 290 300 210 220 230 - - - 210 220 2 30 240 12 11 15 13 7 7 7 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 4 2 2 i i - - i i 3 3 - - - - 9 6 _ 130 * 110 U nder * and 110 under __________ 1 2 0 O c c u p a tio n a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n 1 1 7 2 13 11 14 11 19 19 21 21 25 25 4 4 * 21 21 22 20 2 26 26 - 19 18 1 12 12 - 8 8 - 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - 12 9 **74 _ ” an 290 300 over HEN ANO WOMEN COMBINED $ $ $ $ 79 40.0 193.50 193.00 175.00-208.00 68 . 40.0 195.50 194.50 177.00-209.00 CO MPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS A --MA NUFACTURING ----------------- - - * - COMP UT ER OPERATORS, CLASS B --MA NU FACTURING ----------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ------------- 185 145 40 40.0 170.50 168.00 151.00-191.00 40.0 171.50 171.00 148.50-192.50 39.5 168.00 165.00 160.50-180.00 1 1 - 18 14 4 4 4 “ 21 20 1 18 15 3 34 18 16 27 21 6 15 14 1 12 12 - 26 20 6 CO MPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS C --MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----------------- 45 30 39.5 134.00 128.50 117.00-147.50 40.0 132.00 126.50 114.50-141.00 4 4 12 7 9 8 5 4 6 3 3 1 3 - - 1 1 - 2 2 CO MPUTER PROGRAMMERS, BUSINESS, CLASS A -------------MA NU FACTURING ----------------- 135 121 40.0 270.50 271.50 251.50-287.00 40.0 274.50 274.00 259.50-288.50 COMP UT ER PROGRAMMERS, BUSINESS, CLASS B -------------MANUFA CT UR IN G ----------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------------- 226 201 25 40.0 222.50 222.50 202.50-245.50 40.0 224.50 225.00 203.50-247.00 40.0 206.50 210.00 197.50-222.50 - - - - 1 1 CO MPUTER PROGRAMMERS, BUSINESS, CLASS C -------------MANUFA CT UR IN G ----------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------------- 92 63 29 40.0 188.00 187.00 167.00-206.00 40.0 199.00 201.50 184.00-213.50 39.5 164.00 167.00 152.50-179.50 - - 2 - 2 - 4 3 - 2 * 2 2 i 3 1 _ _ _ CO MPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS, BUSINESS, CLASS A -------------MANUFA CT UR IN G ----------------- 113 100 40.0 318.50 315.00 29 1.50-344.00 40.0 321.00 318.00 29 5. 00 -3 46 .0 0 CO MPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS, BUSINESS. CLASS B -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----------------- 73 66 408 380 40.0 231.00 219.50 193.00-244.50 40.0 230.50 218.00 191.00-243.00 - - * * DRAFTSMEN, CLASS 8 -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----------------- 436 392 40.0 183.00 179.00 156.50-203.50 40.0 180.50 177.00 154.50-201.00 - 3 - 24 -■ 3 - DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -------------MANUFA CT UR IN G ----------------- 136 93 40.0 161.00 162.00 141.00-187.50 40.0 151.50 147.00 124.00-167.50 10 10 NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) MANUFA CT UR IN G ----------------- 64 61 40.0 199.50 199.00 186.50-212.50 40.0 200.50 199.00 187.00-212.50 - . _ - - 9 7 2 8 6 2 16 14 2 35 29 6 30 24 6 29 26 3 20 5 13 8 5 5 2 - - 1 8 7 15 15 8 9 8 5 5 2 - - - 11 4 5 1 . . 5 5 1 2 2 11 8 3 5 " 2 4 3 3 - 40.0 278.00 278.00 255.50-299.50 40.0 278.00 278.50 254.50 -3 02 .0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----------------- 5 5 - * *** t W W W W ork ers ork ers ork ers ork ers w ere w ere w ere w ere d is t r ib u t e d d is t r ib u t e d d is t r ib u t e d d is t r ib u t e d as as as as fo llo w fo llo w fo llo w fo llo w s: s: s: s: - - 11 11 12 a t $ 3 0 0 t o $ 3 2 0 : 6 a t $320 to $ 3 4 0 ; and 22 a t $ 3 0 0 t o $ 3 2 0 ; 2 3 a t $ 3 2 0 t o $ 3 4 0 ; 11 7 at $3 0 0 to $ 3 2 0 ; 4 at $320 to $ 3 4 0 ; 5 at 14 a t $ 3 0 0 t o $ 3 2 0 ; 21 a t $ 3 2 0 t o $ 3 4 0 ; 14 - 6 9 9 5 5 15 9 6 7***17 5 6 7 17 32 16 6 3 - l 48 27 24 23 9 3 3 1 1 62 62 20 14 18 15 8 2 2 2 2 3 - 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 28 28 34 34 54 54 54 45 37 21 18 - 14 14 24 53 53 24 59 59 43 39 36 35 58 51 47 44 38 35 5 5 23 10 8 1 2 3 _ - 1 _ - - - 20 18 5 12 4 15 5 6 4 24 5 4 ” 1 2 3 - - 1 - - “ - _ 1 * i 5 5 3 12 12 10 2 2 _ 10 2 2 - 12 1 1 _ 11 5 4 - 3 10 10 - i . - - 70 1 1 3 3 24 3 a t $340 to $36 0 , at $340 to $ 3 6 0 ; 5 at $360 to $ 3 80; 8 at $380 to $340 to $ 3 6 0 ; and 1 at $360 to $ 3 8 0 . at $340 to $36 0 ; and 13 a t $ 3 6 0 t o $ 3 8 0 . S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s . _ _ - 5 $400; and 5 at $400 and over, 7 7 3 Table A -3 . Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex, in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 Average Average S ex, o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of Weekly Weekly hours * earnings (standard) (standard) 1 OF FI CE O C C U PA TI ON S - MEN S ex, o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Weekly Weekly hours * earnings1 (standard) (standard) 68 37 31 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $ 1 9 5 .5 0 2 0 5 .5 0 1 8 3 .5 0 CLERKS, OROER ------------------ 70 3 9 .5 1 8 6 .5 0 SECRETARIES --------------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- MESSENGERS (OFFICE BOYS) ----MA NU FA CT UR IN G -------------- 78 58 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 0 2 .0 0 9 6 .0 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS A -------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------- o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Weeklv Weekly hours* earnings* standard) (standard) 76 65 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $ 1 9 4 .0 0 1 9 6 .5 0 154 29 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 1 7 4 .0 0 1 7 1 .5 0 34 3 9 .5 1 3 5 .5 0 BUSINESS, CLASS MA NU FACTURING 127 113 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 2 7 0 .5 0 2 7 5 .0 0 BUSINESS, CLASS B MANUFA CT UR IN G — 190 1 66 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 2 2 6 .5 0 2 2 9 .0 0 BUSINESS, CLASS C MA NU FA CT UR IN G — 65 48 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 8 8 .0 0 1 9 8 .0 0 CO MPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS, BUSINESS, CLASS A ------MA NU FACTURING ---------- 112 99 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 1 9 .0 0 3 2 2 .0 0 CO MPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS, BUSINESS, CLASS B ------MANUFA CT UR IN G ---------- 71 64 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 2 7 8 .0 0 2 7 8 .0 0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 $ 1 5 6 .5 0 1 6 1 .0 0 1 4 1 .5 0 1 7 5 .5 0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 9 5 .0 0 1 9 9 .5 0 CO MPUTER OPERATORS, SECRETARIES, CLASS B -------------MA NUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 1 7 3 .0 0 1 7 8 .5 0 1 5 0 .0 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS C -------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 1 5 4 .0 0 1 5 4 .0 0 1 5 3 .5 0 1 7 1 .5 0 MA NUFACTURING NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG 1 0 1 .0 0 BOOKKE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------- 55 39 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A — MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------- 380 2 51 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 5 8 .5 0 1 6 4 .5 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS D -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 1 3 2 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 2 7 .0 0 1 7 0 .5 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B — MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------- 525 249 276 114 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 1 2 3 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 2 2 .0 0 1 4 7 .0 0 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -------------MA NUFACTURING --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 2 7 .5 0 1 4 4 .0 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS A --------- 30 STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR --------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 1 4 9 .5 0 1 4 9 .5 0 1 4 8 .5 0 1 6 5 .0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS A MANU FA CT UR IN G — 4 05 377 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 2 3 1 .5 0 2 3 0 .5 0 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A ---- 1 6 4 .0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B MA NU FA CT UR IN G -- 416 378 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 8 3 .5 0 1 8 1 .5 0 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ---NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 3 9 .0 3 8 .5 1 1 4 .5 0 1 0 6 .0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C MA NU FA CT UR IN G — 131 89 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 6 0 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 170 82 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 1 1 8 .0 0 1 1 2 .0 0 1 2 3 .5 0 59 55 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 2 8 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 CO MPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS B ---- 31 3 9 .5 1 5 2 .5 0 CO MPUTER PROGRAMMERS, BUSINESS, CLASS B -------------MA NU FACTURING ----------------- 36 35 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 2 0 2 .0 0 2 0 2 .0 0 COMP UT ER PROGRAMMERS, BUSINESS, CLASS C -------------- 27 1 8 7 .0 0 NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) MA NUFACTURING ----------------- 64 61 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 2 47 70 177 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 9 8 .5 0 1 1 2 .0 0 9 3 .0 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C --------- 58 3 9 .5 9 7 .5 0 CLERKS, ORDER ------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------ 47 33 3 9 .0 3 8 .5 1 1 2 .5 0 1 0 7 .0 0 CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------NO NM A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------PUBLIC UT ILITIES --------- 2 23 135 8b 48 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 1 4 7 .0 0 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 9 .5 0 1 6 2 .5 0 KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A -M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------- 3 52 227 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------ 326 174 152 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 1 1 7 .0 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 0 7 .0 0 48 38 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 0 1 .5 0 9 5 .5 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B --------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------------ MESSENGERS (OFFICE GIRLS) ---MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------- S ee fo o tn o te SWITCHBOARD OP FR AT OR -R EC EP TI ON ISTSMA NU FACTURING --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------TR ANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS, GENERAL -----------------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------TYPISTS, CLASS A --------------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 226 167 59 49 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 1 3 1 .5 0 1 3 2 .5 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 3 2 .5 0 TYPISTS, CLASS B --------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 420 2 04 216 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 1 0 9 .5 0 1 1 6 .5 0 1 0 3 .0 0 at en d o f t a b le s . 6 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN o 1 3 0 .0 0 o 3 9 .5 o 27 * O o 8ILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING MACHINE) ----------------------- * CLASS C O 145 125 •* r OF FI CE OC CUPATIONS - WOMEN Number of PROFES SI ON AL AND .TECHNICAL O C CU PA TI ON S - MEN OF FI CE O C CU PA TI ON S WOMEN— CO NTINUED CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A — MA NU FA CT UR IN G -------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------- Average S ex, 1 9 9 .5 0 2 0 0 .5 0 Table A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance and powerplant workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 Hourly earnings3 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f--s S S * * s $ s s s * 4 . 7 0 4 .8 0 4 .9 0 5 .0 0 5 .1 0 5 . 2 0 5 .3 0 5 . 4 0 5 .5 0 5 .6 0 5 .7 0 O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n % 4 .2 0 Mean 2 Median2 Middle range 2 s 4 .3 0 s 4 .4 0 $ 4 .5 0 S 4 .6 0 4 .3 0 Number of workers 4 .4 0 4 .5 0 4 .6 0 4 .7 0 4 .8 0 4 .9 0 5 .0 0 5 .1 0 5 .2 0 5 .3 0 5 .4 0 5 .5 0 5 .6 0 5 .7 0 Unde r and S 4 2 0 u n d er t 5 .8 0 * 5 .9 0 * 6 .0 0 t $ 6 . 10 6 . 2 0 5 .8 0 5 .9 0 6 .0 0 6 .1 0 6 .2 0 S 6 .4 0 and 6 .4 0 o v e r HEN AND WOMEN COMBINED CARPENTERS, MAINTENANCE -----------MA NUFACTURING --------------------- 139 133 $ 5 .3 9 5 .3 9 $ 5 .5 1 5 .5 2 $ $ 5 . 2 3 - 5 .5 6 5 . 2 3 - 5 .5 7 2 2 - - 1 " 5 5 - - 8 7 2 2 10 10 26 26 6 4 1 “ 68 68 1 - - - - “ - - 9 9 ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE ---------m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------- 614 5 86 5 .4 7 5 .4 6 5 .5 1 5 .5 1 5 .2 3 5 .2 2 - 5 .5 7 5 .5 7 1 l 5 5 10 10 1 1 24 24 10 10 3 3 45 45 20 18 8 8 98 89 57 57 1 1 241 235 _ - - 10 * - 5 * 5 1 * *74 74 ENGINEERS, STATIONARY --------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 136 136 5 .4 6 5 .4 6 5 .5 2 5 .5 2 5 .2 2 5 .2 2 - 5 .5 7 5 .5 7 - - - - 6 6 - - 8 8 8 8 69 69 - - 18 18 _ - 16 16 - ■ - 11 11 FIREMEN, STATIONARY BOILER --------MA NUFACTURING --------------------- 51 47 5 .0 9 5 . 15 5 .0 8 5 .0 9 4 .8 6 4 .8 9 - 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 - 4 4 8 8 4 4 8 8 6 6 11 11 - “ “ 3 3 HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES -------MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 132 132 4 .5 6 4 .5 6 4 .5 2 4 .5 2 4 .4 2 4 .4 2 - 4 .6 5 4 .6 5 13 13 6 6 _ - 3 3 9 9 6 6 MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE -----------MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 198 198 5 .3 7 5 .3 7 5 .5 1 5 .5 1 4 .8 6 4 .8 6 - 5 .5 7 5 .5 7 26 26 6 6 _ - 13 13 2 2 MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE I ----------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 5 54 106 448 4 37 6 .0 6 5 .6 2 6 . 16 6 .1 9 6 .3 0 5 .5 2 6 .3 1 6 .3 2 5 .7 5 5 .2 5 6 .1 1 6 .1 2 - 6 .3 7 6 .4 2 6 .3 7 6 .3 7 6 8 1 7 1 23 6 17 15 16 16 - 16 16 - 5 . 39 5 .1 0 5 .1 1 - 5 .5 7 5 .5 6 12 12 24 71 68 117 1 17 _ 5 .4 0 5 .5 0 5 .5 1 24 MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 9 17 904 MILLWRIGHTS --------------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 92 92 6 .0 0 6 .0 0 6 .4 2 6 .4 2 5 .4 3 5 .4 3 - 6 .4 6 6 .4 6 _ - 3 12 12 - PAINTERS, MAINTENANCE --------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 102 98 5 .3 8 5 .4 1 5 .4 2 5 .4 3 5 .2 5 5 .2 6 - 5 .4 8 5 .4 8 PIPEFITTERS, MAINTENANCE ----------m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------- 4 86 4 86 5 .4 5 5 .4 5 5 .5 2 5 .5 2 5 .2 4 5 .2 4 - 5 .5 7 5 .5 7 SHEET-METAL WORKERS, MA INTENANCE — MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 132 132 5 .5 6 5 .5 6 5 .5 4 5 .5 4 5 .2 9 5 .2 9 - 5 .5 9 5 .5 9 MECHANICS, * ** See MAINTENANCE A ll w o r k e r s A ll w o r k e r s fo o tn o te s w ere w ere at e n d ----------------- at $ 6 . 6 0 at $ 6 . 4 0 _ - 4 “ - 14 14 35 35 30 30 16 16 - - - — - “ 10 10 3 3 22 22 - " - - 4 2 2 - - 3 3 3 13 12 12 59 59 14 - 46 13 9 3 14 - 46 64 64 - - - 6 6 2 2 - - _ - - - 3 - 3 . - - 3 “ - 10 10 10 - 13 13 13 13 _ - - 53 53 20 20 16 16 47 47 44 44 . _ _ 7 7 12 12 i i _ 4 4 - _ - - - 2 - 2 2 1 l 2 2 - - - - - _ _ 1 1 - 1 1 to $ 6 .8 0 . to $ 6 .6 0 . 7 “ _ • o f ta b le s . - - 3 3 5 1 1 10 10 8 13 13 * 47 47 - - - _ - - “ - * “ - 3 3 - - - - - - * * * ” * ” 20 20 - 19 19 19 39 39 39 - * 19 3 16 15 * 88 88 88 380 380 _ _ _ _ - - - 4 - - 11 11 - - - _ l l _ - 75 75 - * - - 74 74 - - *28 28 2 08 208 2 08 **8l 33 48 48 6 _ 86 6 “ 86 - _ - - - 5 5 - 42 42 - **23 23 - “ 249 2 49 _ * _ - - - - * * - - **58 58 * 8 8 Table A -5. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 Hourly earnings3 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f — t 1 * t t $ t t 3 s t t i t s $ * * t i $ t t 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2. AO 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3. *0 3.60 3.80 *.00 * .20 *.*0 A . 60 *. 80 5.00 5.20 5.AO 5.60 5.80 6.00 Number O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n workers Mean 2 Median2 Middle range 2 and under and 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.AO 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.AO 3. <>o 3.80 A . 00 A . 20 A .AO A . 60 A . 80 5 00 5.20 5.AO 5.60 5.80 6.00 over MEN ANO WOMEN COMBINED GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ----------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 708 3A0 368 $ 3.31 A . 55 2. 17 $ 3.09 A . 66 2.05 $ 2.0AA . 381.9A- $ A.65 A . 76 2.13 36 36 82 82 183 183 9 8 1 2 2 35 10 25 2 2 7 7 5 A 1 20 20 A 3 1 * * * A “ 73 69 * 38 38 ” 163 163 “ 6 6 ” “ * GUARDS MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 298 A. 65 A. 70 A . 55- A.77 - - - 8 - - - - - - 3 * - A5 38 163 6 - - WATCHMEN MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- A2 3.82 A . 31 3.10- A.36 - - - - - 10 - - A - - - A 2A - - - - 1A 1A 21 21 “ “ “ 1A 21 - - - - - - - - 2 2 2 * “ * - “ JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS --MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 2,630 1,5 AA 1,086 96 3.A3 A. 30 2.21 3.68 A . 12 A . 52 1.97 3.37 2.05A . 251.813.27- A.5 A A.60 2.30 A.06 2A0 2A0 - 338 1 337 - 228 228 - A6 6 AO - 5A 15 39 - 63 35 28 1 63 38 25 - 37 33 A 1 77 22 55 5A 50 35 15 5 27 23 * * A3 A2 l 1 1A5 93 52 12 189 183 6 6 656 651 5 5 280 280 - 76 76 - 16 11 5 5 * LABORERS, MATERIAL H A ND LI NG -------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UT ILITIES --------------- 1,710 751 959 77A 5.21 A. AA 5.82 6.33 5.30 A.A8 6.33 6.35 A . 36A . 066.306.32- 6.3A 5.05 6.37 6.37 - - 60 60 6 6 2 2 - 2 2 102 102 - 20 20 66 A6 20 25 21 * _ - 59 55 * 119 118 1 A5 AA 1 1 11 10 1 1 37 31 6 - 293 293 - 52 8 ** 16 16 * 20 20 - 3 *772 • 3 * 772 772 37* 117 257 *.27 *• *8 A. 17 *.08 A. 1A 3.39 3.36- 5.A3 A.OA- A . 89 3.3A- 5.A3 - - - * - - - _ 1*0 - - - lAO 3 3 - 59 58 1 “ 2 2 “ 27 7 20 - - - 6 6 * 15 13 2 - MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 90 90 28 28 “ “ “ PACKERS, SH IPPING -------------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 272 226 3.52 3.59 3.38 3. AA 3.03- 3.82 3.01- 3.86 1 - - A “ 13 13 15 1A 28 28 33 29 52 22 37 36 17 12 30 30 2 2 6 6 _ - - 32 32 - - ~ 2 2 * * RE CEIVING CLERKS --------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 152 131 A.2A A . 23 *.** A. A3 3.59- A.82 3.59- A.82 - - - 8 8 * * - 2 2 6 * 19 19 3 3 _ - 15 15 5 5 38 33 8 3 37 37 2 2 3 2 - - - * * SHIPPING AND RE CEIVING CLERKS ----MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 76 63 A . 19 A . 32 A. 15 A.A1 3.58- A.62 3.8A- A.69 - _ - - - - - - 10 12 12 - 10 10 6 5 5 * 1A 13 * * * * - 10 10 1 1 “ * * TRUCKDRIVERS -----------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 1,395 A05 990 7 1A 5.63 A . 66 6.02 6.23 5.95 A. 71 6.11 6.32 A . 863.775.915.97- _ - - - - - _ - - 8 8 _ - 70 70 30 30 11 1A 8 6 27 27 - 109 37 72 2 A1 Al * 32 32 “ 6 5 i i 23 17 6 “ 57 38 19 1 58 6 52 “ 3 3 A A 11 11 2A 2A A3 2A 19 77 5 72 _ “ - 2 2 21 21 2A 2A 32 32 - - - - - * “ OR DER F IL LE R S ------------------------------------------------------ 6.33 5.35 6.35 6.36 TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT (UNDER 1-1/2 TONS) ----------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 59 50 A . 28 3.9A 3.88 3.82 3.61- A.75 3.5B- A.58 TRUCKDRIVERS, ME DIUM (1-1/2 TO AND INCLUDING A TONS) ----------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 353 20A 1A9 A . 81 A . 56 5.16 A . 73 A . 37 A. 78 822 90 732 627 6.02 A . 88 6. 16 6.22 6.05 A . 88 6.31 6.32 5.92A . 765.955.97- TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER A TONS, OTHER THAN TRAI LER-TYPE I -------- 50 5.71 6.02 ~ “ _ _ “ _ A . 28- 5.82 3.59- 5.58 A . 72- 5.83 TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER A TONS, TRAILER TYPE) --------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S --------------- “ * ” " * ** “ _ _ - * - - * - * • . . “ 6 6 10 10 8 8 “ 59 59 20 20 2 2 5 5 “ - - 9 3 6 * • - - - - “ * * • 5 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 6 .2 0 t o $ 6 . 4 0 . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 7 9 a t $ 6 .0 0 t o $ 6 .2 0 ; a n d 4 8 1 a t $ 6 .2 0 t o $ 6 .4 0 . S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s . _ “ 8 8 * * _ 2 - 1 1 * 5.75- 6.08 6.35 5.05 6.35 6.36 * 8 9 - - “ “ _ “ 3A9**560 A5 32 30A 528 237 A73 _ " _ ” - - - ” “ * * 9 * 3 3 23 17 6 - 8A A5 39 13 2 11 1 1 1 - ” A2 6 36 “ 16 A25 265 1 A2A 265 237 *389 - 29 Table A -5. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973— Continued Hourly earnings * N u m b e r of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of— 1 % * t t * s 1 S « t S t * t 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2. A0 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3. A0 3.60 3.80 A . 00 A . 20 A. A0 A . 60 A . 80 5.00 5.20 5. A0 5.60 5.80 6.00 f t f t Occupation and industry division of workers Mean 2 M edian2 Middle range 2 f t f t f t f t f t f t and under jnl ar 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.A0 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3. A0 3.60 3.80 A . 00 A . 20 A.A0 A.60 A . 80 5.00 5.20 5.A0 5.60 5.80 6.00 over MEN ANO WOMEN CO MB I N E D — CONT IN UE D TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) --------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- $ 1,375 - *.89 I, IA7 *.7* $ 5.1A 5.11 $ $ A. 33- 5.33 A . 26- 5.23 115 6.31 TRUCKERS, POWER (OTHER THAN FORKLIFT) ---------------------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------- 166 166 A . A3 A. A3 A.8A A.8A 3.18- 4.98 3.18- A.98 WA RE HOUSEMEN -------------------------MA NUFACTURING --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 321 101 220 A . 28 A . 17 A . 33 A . 23 A. 18 A. 80 3.98- A.85 A . 12- A.30 3.91- A. 88 * " - - - - - - 55 55 30 30 30 30 98 68 6 6 85 85 80 80 106 106 - 90 90 271 271 260 20 A 32 20 12 - - - - - - - 50 50 1 1 - * - - - 12 12 - 65 65 - 30 30 - , 8 2 6 17 6 2 6 17 6 13 3 10 68 A0 28 50 3A 16 1 1 2 23 1A 9 71 8 6 2 A 71 25 10 15 136 21 115 8 8 - - - 9 7 24 9 7 2A * — A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 6 .2 0 to $ 6 .4 0 . S ee fo o t n o t e s a t end t a b le s . 71 71 \ 9 - 2 8 7 1 Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, powerplant custodial, and material movement workers, by sex, in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 S ex, o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of workers (m ea n ^ ) hourly earnings3 S ex, o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Average (m ean 2 ) hourly earnings3 CU STODIAL AND MATE RI AL MOVEMENT O C CU PA TI ON S- ME N— CO NTINUED MA IN TE NA NC E AND POWERPLANT nr.cuPATiUNS - m e n CA RPENTERS, MAINTENANCE -----------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 139 133 $ 5.39 5.39 EL EC TR IC IA NS , MAINTENANCE ---------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 613 585 5.47 5.46 ENGINEERS, STATIONARY --------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 136 136 5.46 5.46 FIREMEN, ST AT IO NA RY BOILER --------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 51 47 5.09 5.15 HELPERS, MA IN TE NA NC E TRADES -------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 132 132 4.56 4.56 MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE -----------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 198 198 5.37 5.37 MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) ----------------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 554 106 448 437 6.06 5.62 6. 16 6. 19 MECHANICS, MA INTENANCE -------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 917 904 5.39 5.40 MI LLWRIGHTS --------------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 92 92 6.00 6.00 PAINTERS, MA INTENANCE --------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 102 98 5. 38 5.41 PIPEFITTERS, MAINTENANCE ----------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 486 486 SHEET-METAL WORKERS, MAINTENANCE — MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 132 132 LABORERS, MATERIAL H A ND LI NG -------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 1,700 741 959 774 $ 5.22 4.44 5.82 6.33 ORDER FILLERS ----------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 367 114 4.30 4.51 PACKERS, SHIP PI NG -------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 189 157 3.66 3.73 RECEIVING CLERKS --------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 147 126 4.24 4.22 SHIPPING AND RE CEIVING CLERKS ----MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 76 63 4. 19 4.32 1,394 404 990 714 5.63 4* 66 6.02 6.23 59 50 4.28 3.94 TRUCKDRIVERS, MEOIUM (1-1/2 TO AND INCLUDING 4 TONS) ----------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 352 203 149 4.81 4.55 5. 16 5.45 5.45 TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS, TRAILER TYPE) --------------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 822 90 732 627 6.02 4.88 6. 16 6.22 5.56 5.56 TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS, OTHER THAN TRAILER TYPE) -------- 50 5.71 TRUCKERS, PUWER (FORKLIFT) --------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 1, 373 1,145 228 115 4.89 4. 74 5.65 6.31 TRUCKDRIVERS ------------------------ MANUFACTURING C U ST OD IA L AND MATE RI AL MOVEMENT OCCUPATI ONS-MEN -------------------------- N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT (UNDER 1-1/2 TONS) ----------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------- GUARDS AND WATC HM EN ----------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 703 340 363 3.32 4.55 2. 18 TRUCKERS, POWER (OTHER THAN FORKLIFT) ---------------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 166 166 4.43 4.43 GUARDS MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- 298 4.65 WA RE HO US EM EN -------------------------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 320 100 220 4.28 4.16 4.33 WATCHMEN MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 42 3.82 C U ST OD IA L AND MA TERIAL MOVEMENT OCCUPA TI ON S- WO ME N JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS --M A N U F A C T U R I N G ---- ----------------NO NMANUFACTURING ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 1,866 1,363 503 38 3.79 4.30 2.38 4.25 JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS --MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 764 181 2.58 4.24 58 3.31 See fo o tn o te s at e n d of t a b le s . 10 Table A-7. Indexes of earnings for selected occupational groups in Akron, Ohio, December 1972 and December 1973, and percents of increase for selected periods M a n u fa c tu r in g A l l in d u s t r ie s H o u r ly e a r n in g s W e e k ly e a r n in g s P e r io d O ffic e c le r ic a l (m e n and w om en) I n d u s tr ia l n u rses (m e n and w om en) S k ille d m a in t e n a n c e tra d e s (m e n ) U n s k ille d p la n t w orkers (m e n ) W e e k ly e a r n in g s O ffic e c le r ic a l (m e n an d w om en) I n d u s t r ia l n u rses (m e n and w om en) H o u r ly e a r n in g s S k ille d m a in t e n a n c e tra d e s (m e n ) U n s k ille d p la n t w orkers (m e n ) I n d e x e s ( J u ly 1 9 6 7 = 1 0 0 ) D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 2 _________________________________________ D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 3 ____________________ _______ _____ _ 1 3 4 .5 1 4 2 .8 1 5 2 .3 1 5 9 .5 1 4 1 .3 1 5 2 .9 1 4 6 .1 1 5 7 .2 1 3 2 .6 1 3 9 .9 1 5 1 .5 1 5 9 .1 1 4 0 .3 1 5 0 .8 1 4 1 .7 1 5 1 .5 P e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e 5 .2 3 .2 3 .1 2 .8 3 .0 2 .6 7 .1 3 .1 3 .0 2 .9 2 .8 3 .2 5 .9 1 .7 2 .8 3 .1 3 .0 2 .8 5 .4 2 .7 3 .0 4 .9 2 .6 7 4 .4 4 .9 3 .2 2 .3 3 .1 2 .1 7 .1 3 .0 3 .0 2 .9 2 .3 3 .6 6 .0 1 .7 2 .7 3 .0 2 .9 2 .8 5 .8 1 .5 2 .4 4 .0 2 .3 1.1 4 .4 4 .1 1 0 .1 9 .3 5 .1 4 .7 2 .9 2 .7 4 .4 4 .1 1 0 .5 9 .7 5 .2 4 .8 4 .1 3 .8 J u ly 1 9 6 7 t o J u l y 1 9 6 8 ________________________________ J u ly 1 9 6 8 t o J u ly 1 9 6 9 ________________________________ J u ly 1 9 6 9 t o J u ly 1 9 7 0 ___________ _____________________ J u l y 1 9 7 0 t o J u l y 1 9 7 1 . _____________________________ J u ly 1 971 t o D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 2 : 1 7 - m o n t h i n c r e a s e -------------------------------------------------A n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e - ------- --------------- ------------- 5 .3 5 .6 4 .8 7 .7 1 0 .8 7 .6 6 .7 9 .7 5 .7 5 .5 7 .4 9 .7 5 .3 4 .8 9 .0 9 .5 4 .7 5 .3 4 .7 8 .1 1 1 .1 7 .5 6 .0 9 .7 5 .9 5 .2 7 .4 9 .5 6 .0 4 .2 8 .2 * 8 .6 7 .2 5 .0 9 .2 6 .4 7 .5 5 .2 1 0 .9 7 .6 6 .3 4 .4 9 .1 6 .3 7 .1 5 .0 9 .1 6 .3 D e c e m b e r 1972 to D e c e m b e r 1973- 6 .2 4 .7 8 .2 7 .6 5 .5 5 .0 7 .5 6 .9 J u n e 1 9 6 0 t o J u n e 1 9 6 1 _______________________________ J u n e 1 9 6 1 t o J u n e 1 9 6 2 ____________ __________________ J u n e 1 9 6 2 t o J u n e 1 9 6 3 ____________________ _____ J u n e 1 9 6 3 t o J u n e 1 9 6 4 ------------------------------------------------J u n e 1 9 6 4 t o J u n e 1 9 6 5 ------------------------------------------------J u n e 1 9 6 5 t o J u n e 1 9 6 6 _______________________________ J u n e 1 9 6 6 t o J u ly 1 9 6 7 : 1 3 - m o n t h i n c r e a s e _ ____________ _________________ _ A n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e _________ ________________ * _____________ R e v is e d e s tim a te . NOTE: T h is m e a s u r e o f w a g e c h a n g e s w ill b e d is c o n tin u e d b e g in n in g J u ly 1 9 7 4 . It w i l l b e r e p l a c e d b y t h e m e a s u r e p r e s e n t e d in t a b l e A - 8. 11 Table A-8. Percents of increase in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts, in Akron, Ohio, December 1972 to December 1973 O c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p D a ta d o n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 6 .4 5 .3 6 .5 7 .7 * A ll in d u s t r ie s 5 .6 5 .4 5 .8 7 .1 8 .0 * * c r ite r ia . N O T E : T a b l e A - 8 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a d ju s t e d t o e x c l u d e t h e e f f e c t o f e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s . T h e n ew m e th o d f o r c o m p u t i n g w a g e t r e n d s i s b a s e d o n c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g t h e i n d e x j o b s in b o t h t h e c u r r e n t a n d p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) , h o l d i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e j o b s c o n s t a n t . T h e n e w w a g e t r e n d s a r e n o t lin k e d t o th e c u r r e n t in d e x e s b e c a u s e th e n e w w a g e t r e n d s m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t a v e r a g e s w h e r e a s t h e c u r r e n t i n d e x e s m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a r e a a v e r a g e s . O th e r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f th e n e w w a g e t r e n d s w h ic h d i f f e r f r o m th e c u r r e n t o n e s in c lu d e (1 ) e a r n in g s d a ta o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s an d in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s a r e c o n v e r t e d t o an h o u r l y b a s i s , a n d ( 2 ) t r e n d e s t i m a t e s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g e st a b li s h m e n t s . F o r a m o r e d e ta ile d d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e n e w m e th o d u s e d t o c o m p u te a r e a w a g e s u r v e y i n d e x e s , s e e " I m p r o v i n g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y I n d e x e s , " M o n t h ly L a b o r R e v i e w , J a n u a r y 1 9 7 3 , p p. 5 2 -5 7 . 12 8 .2 B. Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions Table B-1. Minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced typists and clerks in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s 5 I n e x p e r ie n c e d t y p is t s M a n u f a c t u r in g M in i m u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y 4 E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ________ _________ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 7 7 .5 0 8 0 ,0 0 8 2 .5 0 8 5 .0 0 8 7 .5 0 and and and and and and and and and and and under under under under under under under under under under under $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 6 5 . 0 0 _______ __________ —_______ _ ________ _ 6 7 . 5 0 ________________________ _______________ 7 0 . 0 0 _____ _________ __________ ______ ______ 7 2 . 5 0 _______ ____________________________ ___ 7 5 . 0 0 —___ —__________ —_______—__________ 7 7 . 5 0 _______________________________________ 8 0 . 0 0 ____ __________________ ________________ 8 2 . 5 0 _________________ ______ _____________ 8 5 . 0 0 ____ ____________________ _____ ________ 8 7 . 5 0 _______ _________ ______________________ 9 0 . 0 0 ----------------------------------------- -------------------- $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 9 5 . 0 0 _____ _________________________________ 9 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 0 0 .0 0 ______ _________________ _____________ 1 0 0 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 0 5 . 0 0 ___________ ______ ___ ______________ 1 0 5 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 1 0 . 0 0 __________________________ —_____ — 1 1 0 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 1 5 . 0 0 ____________________________________ 1 1 5 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 2 0 . 0 0 _______________________ . ____________ 1 2 0 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 2 5 .0 0 ____________________________________ 1 2 5 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 3 0 .0 0 ____________________________________ 1 3 0 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 3 5 .0 0 _ ________________ —_______________ _ 1 3 5 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 4 0 .0 0 ____________________________________ 1 4 0 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 4 5 .0 0 ______ ______________ —— ________— 1 4 5 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 5 0 . 0 0 ________ —_______________________ — 1 5 0 .0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 5 5 . 0 0 ____________________________________ 1 5 5 .0 0 a n d o v e r — ________ _____________—----------------------------------- 121 50 31 15 A ll s ch e d u le s 40 71 XXX 15 16 M a n u f a c t u r in g A ll in d u s tr ie s B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 6 o f — A ll in d u s t r ie s A ll s ch e d u le s E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d _______ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g A ll s ch e d u le s 40 121 50 XXX 51 20 40 XXX 11 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 6 o f— 20 1 1 1 2 1 1 - - 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 4 3 XXX 31 21 1 - - 1 - 4 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 _ 3 3 2 2 1 - - 1 - 6 4 5 3 1 3 71 4 2 3 1 - 1 1 5 - 40 1 1 5 1 2 1 2 1 2 A ll s ch e d u le s 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 5 2 1 1 4 4 : 3 1 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 i 5 1 1 1 1 4 E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g n o s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m _________________ 14 8 XXX 6 XXX 35 21 XXX 14 XXX E s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p lo y w o r k e r s in t h i s c a t e g o r y _______________ ______________________ 76 27 XXX 49 XXX 35 9 XXX 26 XXX S ee fo o tn o te s at e n d o f ta b le s . 13 4 Table B-2. Late-shift pay provisions for manufacturing plant workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 ( A l l p l a n t w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g ■ 1 0 0 p e r c e n t ) P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t w o r k e r s — In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g p r o v i s i o n s 7 f o r la t e s h ifts L a te -s h ift pay p r o v is io n S e c o n d s h ift T o t a l ____________ ______________________ — ------- 9 7 .4 T h ir d o r o th e r s h ift 9 3 .0 A c t u a ll y w o r k in g on la te s h ifts S e c o n d s h ift 2 3 .9 T h ir d o r o th e r s h ift 1 2 .9 ____ 6 .5 1 .2 1 .2 0 .1 P a y d i f f e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k o n l a t e s h i f t ------------------- 9 0 .8 9 1 .9 2 2 .6 1 2 .8 ____ 6 9 .4 6 5 .4 1 5 .1 9 .4 5 cen ts ------- --------- -----------5 l c e n t s ____ ________ /i — 6 c e n t s ___________________________ — -----------7 cen ts_ _ — — - — ------------8 c e n t s _____ __ - ___________ __________________ 8 Va c e n t s — — — — ------S*/s c e n t s ______________________________ _______ 9 c e n t s _________________________________ ______ 10 c e n t s __________________ _________________ 11 c e n t s ______________ — --------_ -----12 c e n t s ----------------------------------- -----15 c e n t s ..___ _________________________ ____ 18 c e n t s ________________ _________ ___ ____ 20 c e n t s . „ 30 c e n t s _ _ — — ---------- 1 .0 2 .1 2 3 .6 8 .4 .5 6 .4 7 .1 1 0 .2 1.7 5 .5 2 .9 .6 2 4 .0 .4 2 .1 6 .4 7 .8 6 .4 2 .0 1 .4 5 .5 1 .2 6 .0 1 .6 .1 .6 6 .1 1 .4 .8 2 .0 1 .5 .6 1 .6 .4 - ( 8) .6 .2 2 0 .4 1 9 .3 7 .4 2 .8 1 8 .4 1 .6 6 .1 1 1 .7 7 .0 N o p a y d if f e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k on la te s h if t - T y p e and a m ou n t o f d iffe r e n tia l: U n i f o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) ___ _________ U n i f o r m p e r c e n t a g e ____________________ _ 5 p e r c e n t —____________________________________ 7 Vj p e r c e n t - ________________________________ 10 p e r c e n t _________ _____ __ _ 12 p e r c e n t _____________ _ _ ___ - - .8 1 .2 - - .2 .2 _ - 4 .8 .1 .5 .5 1 .7 .2 .4 - .5 . 1 .1 1 .7 " F u l l d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s ------------------ - 3 .0 - .4 O t h e r f o r m a l p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l -------------------------- 1 .0 4 .2 .1 .3 S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s . 14 Table B-3. Scheduled w eekly hours and days of first-shift workers in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s W e e k ly h o u r s an d d a y s A l l w o r k e r s __ __________ __________________ A ll in d u s t r ie s — U n d e r 3 5 h o u r s — 5 d a y s _______________ ______________ 35 h o u r s — 5 d a y s ____________________________________ 36 h o u r s . ______________iril_ .rir r 5 d a y s ____________________ ______________ _____ ____ ____________ — — - — 6 days 3 6 V3 h o u r s — 5 d a y s _________ _________________________ 3 6 V2 h o u r s — 5 d a y s - ______ - ___ — —________________ 3 7 V4 h o u r s — 5 d a y s _________________________________ 3 7 ‘/z h o u r s — 5 d a y s ____________________________________ 3 8 l h o u r s — 5 d a y s _________________ ________________ h 3 8 % h o u r s — 5 d a y s __________________ ____________ 4 0 h o u r s _________ _______________ _______ ________ 5 d a y s __________________________________________________ 5 V2 d a y s _ ________ ________________________________ _ _ O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s ________________________ 5 d a y s _________________________________________________ 5 V2 d a y s _________________________________________ ___ 6 d a y s ____________________________ __________________ 4 4 h o u r s — 5 '/z d a y s ____________________________________ _________________ 4 5 h o u r s — 5 d a y s __________________ 4 8 h o u r s — 6 d a y s _______________________________________ 5 0 h o u r s — 6 d a y s ------------------------------------------------------- O v e r 50 h o u r s ___________________________________________ 5 V2 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------------------6 days. __________ _ _ _ _ ____ S ee fo o tn o te at end 100 1 2 15 4 12 6 64 64 1 2 1 (’ ) 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 1 P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s A ll in d u s t r ie s 100 100 100 100 100 - 87 87 - 1 - - 21 3 18 5 63 63 1 1 6 1 “ 13 “ ~ (’ ) 1 2 1 1 o f t a b le s . 15 (!) (’ ) - M a n u f a c t u r in g 4 - (9) (’ ) (’ ) 4 2 2 86 86 n 1 1 <’ ) (’ ) - 1 98 98 (’ ) (’ ) - P u b li c u t ilit ie s 100 100 - Table B-4. Annual paid holidays in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s Ite m A ll in d u s tr ie s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s A ll in d u s tr ie s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u tilitie s 100 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a id h o l i d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g n o p a id h o l i d a y s ------ ---------- _ -------------- 100 100 100 10 0 100 97 100 100 100 100 100 3 ■ • " • “ 1 7 5 16 20 1 3 5 4 18 2 56 2 11 - (’ ) 3 1 2 - N u m b e r o f d a y s 10 U n d e r 6 h o lid a y s _ ----— - — 6 h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------------------------ — -----6 h o l i d a y s p lu s 2 h a l f d a y s -----------— 7 h o lid a y s — __ _ — 7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 3 h a l f d a y s -----------------------------------------7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 4 h a l f d a y s _ — --------------------- ---ft h o l i d a y s . . __ _________ „ 9 h o lid a y s _ _ _ 9 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a l f d a y — _ __ _ ----------------------------10 h o l i d a y s ------------- -----10 h o l i d a y s p l u s 2 h a l f d a y s ------------- ----------------------11 h o l i d a y s ------------- -------------------------- ----------------- — ------------ --------- ---------12 h o l i d a y s 13 h o l i d a y s . ___ _________ 39 2 7 41 40 19 - 2 29 1 60 “ 1 ' * (’ ) 9 33 1 40 2 1 24 7 16 32 3 19 “ (’ ) 3 (’ ) 4 " (’ ) 7 1 T o t a l h o l i d a y t i m e 11 13 d a y s _____________________________________________________ 12 d a y s o r m o r e ____ —______________________________ __ 11 d a y s o r m o r e ----- _ — — --------------------------10 d a y s o r m o r e --------------------------- ----------------------------------9 Vz d a y s o r m o r e ---------------------------------------- — - — 9 days or m o r e ---------------------------------------------- ------8 Vz d a y s o r m o r e ----------------------------------------------------------------------- — 8 days or m o r e — - -----------7 d a y s o r m o r e ----------------------------------------------------------------6 d a y s o r m o r e ----------------------------------------------------------------5 days or m o r e ------------ -----— -------------- 3 days or m ore - --------------2 days or m o r e . — - — 7 9 47 48 68 68 84 89 96 96 97 97 19 19 59 59 100 100 100 100 100 100 . 11 13 69 70 88 88 92 97 100 100 100 100 S e e fo o tn o te s at en d o f ta b le s . 16 3 3 6 46 47 80 80 90 97 99 99 99 100 4 4 5 65 66 95 95 97 99 100 100 100 100 19 21 21 53 60 76 100 100 10 0 10 0 10 0 Table B-4a. Identification of major paid holidays in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s H o l i d a y 10 A l l in d u s t r ie s A l l w o r k e r s ____________________ — _ _ _ N e w Y e a r ' s D a y _ ------------------------------W a s h i n g t o n 's B i r t h d a y __ ________ _____ ____ G o o d F r i d a y ___________________________ ____ _ --------G o o d F r i d a y , h a l f d a y ___ __________ . — — E a s t e r M o n d a y ________ — ---- --------- ----------------------M e m o r i a l D a y ---- --------------------- -------------------------------F o u r t h o f J u l y ______________________________________ ___ F i f t h o f J u l y ____________________________________________ L a b o r D a y __ . __ _______ __ __ __ _ _ C o lu m b u s D a y _ _ _____ _____ _ _ ------------V e t e r a n s D a y __________________________________________ T h a n k s g iv in g D a y _ _______________ ____________ D a y a f t e r T h a n k s g i v i n g ________________ _ _ _ _ C h r i s t m a s E v e ______________________ _____________ ____ - _____ — __ C h r is t m a s E v e , h a lf d a y _ C h r is t m a s D a y ______ _______ ____________________ _ A ll w o rk in g d a y s b e tw e e n C h r is tm a s D ay ____ ______ . a n d N e w Y e a r ' s E v e 12. N e w Y e a r 1s E v e ________ _________ ___________________— N e w Y e a r ' s E v e , h a l f d a y — ______________________ F l o a t i n g h o l i d a y , 1 d a y 13------- ---------- ---------------------— F l o a t i n g h o l i d a y , 2 d a y s 13 __. ________ ______ F l o a t i n g h o l i d a y , 3 d a y s 13 _ _ E m p l o y e e ' s b i r t h d a y _________________________ ______ E m p l o y e e ' s a n n i v e r s a r y ______ _________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s M a n u f a c t u r in g P u b li c u t ilit ie s 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 8 36 22 96 96 7 95 2 96 33 61 96 100 2 42 31 100 100 10 99 1 100 45 80 99 100 43 55 100 16 25 1 31 99 99 16 98 10 13 99 24 65 3 99 10 0 2 30 48 100 100 24 98 2 98 30 92 99 100 43 55 7 100 100 100 16 100 20 16 26 100 7 38 1 38 5 2 21 4 11 57 2 45 3 3 7 3 39 3 44 3 3 12 4 4 60 i 58 5 2 6 26 33 19 100 100 100 10 100 30 37 100 19 14 55 See fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le s . A ll in d u s tr ie s 17 23 Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s V a c a t io n p o lic y M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u tilitie s A ll in d u s tr ie s 100 100 100 100 10 0 100 99 64 35 100 53 47 100 88 12 100 99 1 10 0 99 1 100 10 0 - 1 “ A ll in d u s tr ie s A ll w o r k e r s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b li c u tilitie s M eth od o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s _ __ __ _ __. _ 7 , L e n g th -o f-tim e p a ym en t _ ___ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t _______________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g n o p a id v a c a t i o n s _______ " * ' 1 27 13 40 - A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 14 A ft e r 6 m o n th s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k . ............. 1 w eek _ __ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ____________________________ 2 w eeks 5 13 1 _ 5 15 - 2 27 10 21 - 1 (9 ) - (9 > - A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ _______ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s 2 w eeks _ 1 48 3 48 _ - - 14 (9 ) 86 8 46 20 26 40 i 59 4 96 37 1 62 A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 _ _ _ ___ 8 - - - 36 2 62 3 2 - 4 59 29 3 1 62 3 O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ___ 2 w eeks ______ _ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s - 33 U nder 1 w eek (9 ) 96 (’ ) 97 (9 > ' 97 1 A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 O 2 O w eek _ _ _ _ v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s w eeks v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s w eeks _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ _ 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 1 78 11 1 63 29 96 - 1 8 3 9 1 79 10 1 __ _ _ _ 8 1 79 11 8 63 29 (9 ) 96 (9 ) - 3 - - - 97 1 95 4 1 2 A fte r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e O 2 O 3 v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s w e e k s _ __ __ __ v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____________________________ w eeks __ 1 80 10 1 1 3 1 95 4 1 97 1 2 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 2 O 3 w e e k _____________________________________________________ w eeks _ __ v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s w eeks _ ___ See fo o tn o te s 2 40 6 51 1 34 4 61 8 63 29 a t en d o f t a b le s . 18 (9 ) 44 1 54 - - 27 1 72 97 1 2 Table B -5. Paid vacation provisions in Akron, Ohio, December 1973— Continued P e rce n t* o f o ffic e w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s V a c a t io n p o lic y A ll in d u s tr ie s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s A ll in d u s tr ie s M a n u f a c t u r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 1 91 5 2 - A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 14— C o n t in u e d A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e l We e k ______________________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------2 w e e k s _________________ _______ ________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____________________________ 3 w e e k s ____________________________________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ____________________________ 4 w e e k s - ____________ - ------- --------- --------------- A fte r - - 6 1 77 12 3 8 63 29 ( 9) 1 6 1 74 11 7 4 1 79 12 4 - “ ( 9) 3 (9) 92 3 1 99 1 “ 12 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________________ O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______________________ 2 w e e k s ______________________ ____ ____________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___________________ 3 w e e k s — _________________________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------4 w e e k s ______ — ---- ---------- --------- ------------ ---------A fte r (’ ) i 7 1 73 11 6 8 63 29 ( 9) 93 3 1 ( 9) 1 40 1 57 (9) 25 1 74 ( 9) _ 2 1 91 5 2 “ ( 9) 2 99 1 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k _____________________________________________________ 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------3 w e e k s ___ ____________________ __________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____________________ ___ 4 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------- O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s _______________________ — ( 9) 5 (’ ) 38 1 53 2 - - 3 1 35 8 43 - ( 9) 61 20 29 “ - 65 34 1 A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 w e e k s _____ __________ _____________ _ _________________ _ _ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s -----------------------------------------_ _ _ . . . . _______ _ n, . , 3 w eeks _ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------------ --------------------------4 w e e k s ___________________________________________________ O v e r 4 and u n d er 5 w e e k s . _ _ _ -----------------5 w e e k s __________ ________________ ______________________ _ O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ------------------------------------------- (’ ) 3 1 11 1 35 1 46 2 _ 8 - 1 11 - - 28 54 ( 9) 60 - “ 9 28 - -- 1 10 1 22 - ( 9) 1 11 37 (9) 50 _ - ( 9) 3 - - 26 93 6 1 - 71 ( 9) A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________________ 2 w e e k s ___________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ___________ ____ — 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ______________________ — 4 w e e k s ___ _______________________________________ ____ O ver 4 and u n der 5 w eek s ----------------------------------- 5 w e e k s ---------------- -------------------- — _ ____ _ — . O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ------------------------------------------- (’ ) 3 1 10 1 29 1 52 2 8 - 11 - - 30 - 33 24 (’ ) 2 (9) 65 33 1 55 ( 9) 74 “ 29 (9 ) " S ee fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f t a b le s . _ ( 9) 1 - 19 _ 72 28 1 Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions in Akron, Ohio, December 1973— Continued P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s V a c a t io n p o lic y A ll in d u s tr ie s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s A ll in d u s tr ie s M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b li c u t ilit ie s . 50 “ 49 1 A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 14— C o n t in u e d A f t e r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e 1 w e e k __________________________________________________ — 2 w eeks --------- ---------------------------------------------- ---------- O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------ --------------------3 w e e k s ________________ _______________ _________ - — O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------------------------------------- 4 w eeks — --------------------------------------------------- — O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ------------------------------------------5 w e e k s ____ ___________ __________________________________ _ O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ----------------— — 6 w e e k s _______________________ __ ------ ------ - (’ ) 3 1 10 1 24 1 25 2 32 i 10 1 17 8 11 (’ ) 23 47 52 29 - (’ ) i 11 28 (’ ) 15 (’ ) 44 (’ ) 2 19 (9) 14 65 " M a x im u m v a c a t io n a v a ila b le 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s ____________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s - --------- — ------- — 3 « /P p 1 5 c .. . __ __ . _ ^ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ------ — ------- - — 4 w e e k s ________________ ____ O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ------------------------------------------5 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ------------------------------------------6 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (’ ) 3 1 10 1 24 1 25 2 32 _ - 1 8 - 10 1 17 - 11 52 29 (’ ) 23 - 47 S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s . (’ ) 1 11 20 28 . - (9) 2 19 50 49 1 (’ ) 15 14 ( 9) 44 65 Table B-6. Health, insurance, and pension plan provisions in Akron, Ohio, December 1973 P e r c e n t o f p la n t w o r k e r s T y p e o f b e n e fit and fin a n c in g 1 5 A ll in d u s t r ie s A l l w o r k e r s _______________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g at le a s t 1 o f th e b e n e fit s sh ow n b e lo w __ ____ L i f e i n s u r a n c e ______________________________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ A c c id e n t a l d e a th and d is m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e ___________________________________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k l e a v e o r b o t h 16________ __________________ P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o rk e rs M a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t ilit ie s A l l in d u s t r ie s 100 100 100 100 100 M a n u fa c tu r in g \ P u b li c u t ilit ie s 100 98 100 100 99 100 100 96 83 100 96 100 100 98 89 100 96 10 0 10 0 82 71 93 89 81 74 80 73 86 83 78 68 94 100 97 85 87 97 S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e __________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ____________________ S ic k l e a v e ( f u l l p a y a n d n o w a it i n g p e r i o d ) _______________________________ S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r w a it i n g p e r i o d ) ___ ___________________ ________ 82 78 99 95 76 76 68 65 83 81 76 76 8 2 19 69 77 10 4 28 6 L o n g - t e r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e -----------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e _______________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ____________ _________ S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e --------------------------------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e _________________________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s -------------------------------------M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ D e n t a l i n s u r a n c e ___________________________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n _______________________________ N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ________________________ 13 12 97 83 96 83 94 82 64 49 9 9 90 88 17 16 99 95 99 95 98 94 58 54 10 10 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 45 45 97 97 60 48 99 85 99 85 98 85 77 58 4 3 95 84 (’ ) n 98 98 S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s . 21 72 25 77 64 99 97 99 97 99 97 66 59 1 (’ ) 99 89 26 4 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 100 10 0 100 10 0 24 24 92 92 Footnotes A ll of these standard footnotes may not apply to this bulletin. 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular a n d/or premium rates), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 The mean is computed for each job by totaling the earnings of all workers and dividing by the number of w orkers. The median designates position— half of the em ployees surveyed receive m ore and half receive le ss than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by 2 rates of pay; a fourth of the workers earn le ss than the lower of these rates and a fourth earn m ore than the higher rate. 3 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 4 These salaries relate to form ally established minimum starting (hiring) regular straight-tim e salaries that are paid for standard workweeks. 5 Excludes workers in subclerical jobs such as m essenger. 6 Data are presented for all standard workweeks combined, and for the m ost common standard workweeks reported. 7 Includes all plant workers in establishments currently operating late sh ifts, and establishments whose form al provisions cover late shifts, even though the establishments were not currently operating late shifts. 8 L ess than 0.05 percent. 9 L ess than 0.5 percent. 10 For purposes of this study, pay for a Sunday in D ecem ber, negotiated in the automobile industry, is not treated as a paid holiday. 1 A ll combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for exam ple, the proportion of workers receiving 1 a total of 9 days includes those with 9 full days and no half days, 8 full days and 2 half days, 7 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions then were cumulated. 1 These days are provided as part of a Christmas—New Y ear holiday period which typically begins with Christm as Eve and ends with 2 New Y e a r 's Day. Such a holiday period is common in the automobile, aerospace, and farm implement industries. 1 "F lo a tin g " holidays vary from year to year according to em ployer or employee choice. 3 1 Includes payments other than "length of t i m e ," such as percentage of annual earnings or fla t-su m payments, converted to an 4 equivalent tim e b a sis; for exam ple, 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 w eek's pay. Periods of service are chosen arbitrarily and do not n ecessa rily reflect individual provisions for progression; for exam ple, changes in proportions at 10 years include changes between 5 and 10 y ea rs. Estim ates are cumulative. Thus, the proportion eligible for at least 3 w eeks' pay after 10 years includes those eligible for at least 3 w eeks' pay after fewer years of service. 1 Estim ates listed after type of benefit are for all plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer. "Noncontributory 5 plan s" include only those financed entirely by the em ployer. Excluded are legally required plans, such as workm en's compensation, social security, and railroad retirem ent. 18 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are lim ited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that each employee can expect. Informal sick leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. 22 Appendix A A r e a w a g e a n d r e la t e d b e n e fit s d a ta a r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f ie l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a t 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . 1 In e a c h o f t h e i n t e r v e n i n g ' y e a r s , i n f o r m a t i o n o n e m p l o y m e n t and o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s is c o ll e c t e d b y a c o m b in a tio n o f p e r s o n a l v is it an d m a il q u e s t io n n a ir e f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p a r t i c i p a t i n g in t h e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y . In e a c h o f t h e 9 4 1 a r e a s c u r r e n t l y s u r v e y e d , d a ta a r e o b t a i n e d f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e 2 e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h i n s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o th e r p u b lic u t il it ie s ; w h o le s a le t r a d e ; r e t a il t r a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v ic e s . M a j o r i n d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d i e s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s a n d th e c o n s tr u c tio n an d e x t r a c t iv e in d u s tr ie s . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g f e w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e o f i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d . S e p a ra te ta b u la t io n s a r e p r o v id e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h ic h m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p le b a s is . T h e s a m p lin g p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e d e t a i l e d s t r a t i f i c a t i o n o f a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h i n t h e s c o p e o f an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y in d u s t r y a n d n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s . F r o m th is s t r a t if ie d u n iv e r s e a p r o b a b ili t y s a m p le i s s e l e c t e d , w it h e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v i n g a p r e d e t e r m i n e d c h a n c e o f s e l e c t i o n . T o o b t a in o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y a t m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i s s e l e c t e d . W hen d a ta a r e c o m b in e d , e a c h e s t a b lis h m e n t is w e ig h t e d a c c o r d i n g t o it s p r o b a b ili t y o f s e l e c t i o n , s o th a t u n b ia s e d e s t im a t e s a r e g e n e r a t e d . F o r e x a m p le , i f o n e ou t o f f o u r e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d , it i s g i v e n a w e ig h t o f f o u r t o r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lu s t h r e e o t h e r s . A n a lte r n a te o f th e s a m e o r i g i n a l p r o b a b i l i t y i s c h o s e n in t h e s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i f d a t a a r e n o t a v a i l a b l e f o r th e o r ig in a l s a m p le m e m b e r . I f n o s u i t a b l e s u b s t i t u t e i s a v a i l a b l e , a d d i t i o n a l w e ig h t is a s s i g n e d t o a s a m p l e m e m b e r t h a t i s s i m i l a r t o t h e m i s s i n g u n it . O c c u p a t io n s and A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u ld n o t b e a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s i n p a y o f th e s e x e s w it h i n i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . F a c t o r s w h ic h m a y c o n t r i b u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s i n c l u d e p r o g r e s s i o n w it h i n e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s , s i n c e o n l y th e r a t e s p a id in c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d , a n d p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c d u t i e s w it h i n t h e g e n e r a l s u r v e y j o b d e s c r ip tio n s . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d t o c l a s s i f y e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s u s u a l l y a r e m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th a n t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c d u t i e s p e r f o r m e d . O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t t h e t o t a l i n a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h i n th e s c o p e o f th e s t u d y a n d n o t th e n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e s a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s d iffe r , e s tim a te s o f o c c u p a tio n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a in e d f r o m th e s a m p le o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d s e r v e o n l y t o i n d i c a t e th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f t h e j o b s s t u d i e d . T h ese d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f t h e e a r n i n g s d a t a . W age tre n d s fo r s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s I n d e x e s in t a b l e A - 7 m e a s u r e w a g e s a t a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d a s a p e r c e n t o f w a g e s d u r i n g th e b a s e p e r i o d . S u b t r a c t i n g 1 0 0 f r o m th e i n d e x y i e l d s t h e p e r c e n t c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m t h e b a s e p e r i o d t o t h e d a t e o f th e i n d e x . T h e p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e in t a b l e s A - 7 a n d A - 8 r e l a t e t o w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d d a t e s . A n n u al r a te s o f in c r e a s e , w h ere s h o w n , r e f l e c t th e a m o u n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n t h s w h e n t h e t i m e s p a n b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s o t h e r th a n 12 m o n t h s . T h e s e c o m p u t a t io n s a r e b a s e d o n th e a s s u m p t io n th a t w a g e s i n c r e a s e d a t a co n sta n t ra te b etw een s u r v e y s . E a r n in g s O c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c t u r in g an d n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r i e s , an d a r e o f th e f o ll o w in g t y p e s : ( 1 ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2 ) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n ic a l ; (3 ) m a in t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p la n t ; a n d (4 ) c u s t o d i a l an d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t . O c c u p a t io n a l c la s s if ic a t i o n i s b a s e d on a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t o f in t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u t i e s w it h in t h e s a m e j o b . O c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r stu d y a r e lis t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d in a p p e n d i x B . U n l e s s o t h e r w i s e i n d i c a t e d , t h e e a r n i n g s d a ta f o l l o w i n g t h e j o b t it le s a r e f o r a ll in d u s t r ie s c o m b in e d . E a r n i n g s d a t a f o r s o m e o f th e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w it h i n o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e e i t h e r ( 1 ) e m p l o y m e n t in t h e o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a ta t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2 ) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t d a ta . E a r n i n g s d a t a n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y f o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e i n c l u d e d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d d a ta , w h e re sh ow n . L ik e w is e , d a ta a r e i n c l u d e d in t h e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h e n a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f e l e c t r o n i c s t e c h n ic i a n s , s e c r e t a r i e s , o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is n ot s h o w n o r in fo r m a t i o n t o s u b c la s s ify is n ot a v a ila b le . P e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e r e p o r t e d in t a b le s A - 7 a n d A - 8 r e f l e c t tw o d if f e r e n t m e a s u r e s o f w age m ov em en t. T a b l e A - 7 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s a n d in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s a n d a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f s k il le d m a in te n a n c e an d u n s k i l l e d p la n t w o r k e r s in t h e a r e a . T a b l e A - 8 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r th e s a m e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a d j u s t e d t o e x c l u d e t h e e f f e c t o f e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s . T h e m e t h o d u s e d t o c o m p u t e w a g e t r e n d s in t a b l e A - 8 i s b a s e d o n c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g i n d e x j o b s in b o t h t h e c u r r e n t a n d p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) ; e s t a b l i s h m e n t e m p l o y m e n t in t h e j o b s w a s h e l d c o n s t a n t . D a ta f o r t h e m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e w e i g h t e d t o r e p r e s e n t a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g th e j o b in t h e p r e v i o u s y e a r . M eth od O ffic e T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s in a n a r e a a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r is o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r t im e m a y n o t r e f l e c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s . T h e a v e r a g e s f o r i n d i v i d u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s a n d e m p l o y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F or e x a m p le , p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e f ir m s m a y c h a n g e , o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e t t e r jo b s a n d b e r e p la c e d b y n ew w o r k e r s at lo w e r r a t e s . S u ch s h i f t s in e m p l o y m e n t c o u l d d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n t h o u g h m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g th e y e a r . T r e n d s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in t a b l e s A - 7 a n d A - 8 , a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th a n i n d i v i d u a l j o b s w it h i n t h e g r o u p s . 1 Personal visits were on a 2-year c y c le before July 1972. 2 Included in the 94 areas are 8 studies conducted by die Bureau under contract. These areas are Austin, T e x .; Binghamton, N .Y . — P a .; Durham, N. C . ; Port Lauderdale—H ollywood and West Palm Beach, F la .; Huntsville, A l a .; Lexington, K y .; Melbourne—Titusville—C ocoa, F la .; and Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies in approxim ately 70 areas at the request o f the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department o f Labor. c o m p u t in g c le r ic a l w age tre n d s . O c c u p a tio n s (m e n and w o m e n ): B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s e s A and B C le r k s , file , c la s s e s A , B, and C C le r k s , o r d e r C le r k s , p a y r o ll K eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s e s A and B M e s s e n g e r s ( o ffic e b o y s and g ir ls ) S e c r e ta r ie s S ten ogra p h ers, g en era l S te n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s , c la s s e s A and B T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B T y p is ts , c la s s e s A and B O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t an d e a r n in g s d a ta a r e s h o w n f o r f u ll - t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o s e h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le . E a r n i n g s d a ta e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o li d a y s , a n d la te s h ift s . N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , b u t c o s t o f - l i v i n g a ll o w a n c e s a n d in c e n t i v e b o n u s e s a r e in c lu d e d . W e e k ly h o u r s f o r o f f ic e c l e r i c a l and p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s r e f e r t o t h e s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k (r o u n d e d t o t h e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ) f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s fo r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s a r e r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e e a r n in g s r e f le c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w id e e s t im a t e s . I n d u s t r ie s a n d e s t a b lis h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l a n d j o b s t a f f i n g , a n d t h u s c o n t r i b u t e d i f f e r e n t l y t o t h e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b . P a y a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e l y t h e w a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l a m o n g j o b s in i n d i v i d u a l e sta b li s h m e n t s . of In dex es fo r in d iv id u a l a r e a s in t h e p r o g r a m used to com p u te w age tre n d s are: I n d u s t r ia l n u r s e s (m e n a n d w o m e n ): N u rses, in d u s t r ia l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) S k ille d m a in t e n a n c e ( m e n ) : C a rp e n te r s E le c tr ic ia n s M a c h in is ts M e c h a n ic s M e c h a n ic s (a u t o m o t iv e ) P a in t e r s P ip e fitte r s T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s U n s k i l l e d p la n t ( m e n ) : J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d lin g are co m p u te d as fo llo w s : 1. E a c h o c c u p a t i o n i s a s s i g n e d a w e i g h t b a s e d o n i t s p r o p o r t i o n a t e e m p l o y m e n t in t h e s e l e c t e d g r o u p o f o c c u p a t i o n s in t h e b a s e y e a r . 2. T h e s e w e ig h ts a r e u s e d to c o m p u t e g r o u p a v e r a g e s . E a c h o c c u p a t i o n 's a v e r a g e (m e a n ) e a r n in g s is m u lt ip lie d b y it s w e ig h t. T h e p r o d u c t s a r e t o t a le d to o b t a in a g r o u p a v e r a g e . 3. T h e r a t i o o f g r o u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t i v e y e a r s i s c o m p u t e d b y d i v i d i n g th e a v e r a g e f o r t h e c u r r e n t y e a r b y t h e a v e r a g e f o r th e e a r l i e r y e a r . T he r e s u lts — e x p r e s s e d a s a p e r c e n t — le s s 100 is th e p e r c e n t c h a n g e . 4. T h e c u r r e n t y e a r ' s i n d e x i s o b t a i n e d b y m u l t i p l y i n g t h e p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s i n d e x b y th e r a t i o o f th e c u r r e n t y e a r ' s g r o u p a v e r a g e t o th e p r e v i o u s y e a r ' s g r o u p a v e r a g e . 23 L i m i t a t i o n s o f d a t a . I n d e x e s a n d p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a s p r e s e n t e d in t a b le A - 7 , a r e in flu e n c e d b y (1 ) g e n e r a l s a la r y an d w a g e c h a n g e s , (2 ) m e r it o r o th e r p a y in c r e a s e s r e c e i v e d in t h e s a m e j o b , ( 3 ) c h a n g e s i n a v e r a g e w a g e s d u e t o l a b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s or r e d u c tio n s , and (4 ) c h a n g e s r e s u lt in g w hen e s t a b lis h m e n t s e n t e r an d le a v e th e a r e a . O c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s c a n i n c r e a s e o r d e c r e a s e w it h o u t a n y a c t u a l c h a n g e in w a g e s . F o r e x a m p l e , e v e n th ou gh a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts g iv e w a g e i n c r e a s e s , a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y d e c lin e b e c a u s e lo w e r p a y in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s e n t e r th e a r e a o r e x p a n d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s . S i m i l a r l y , w a g e s m a y r e m a in r e la t iv e ly c o n s t a n t , y e t a v e r a g e s r is e b e c a u s e h ig h e r -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t s e n t e r th e a r e a o r ex p a n d th e ir w o rk fo r c e . A s m e n t i o n e d , d a t a in t a b l e A - 8 a r e a d j u s t e d t o r e m o v e s o m e o f t h e l i m i t a t i o n s t o t h e i n f o r m a t i o n in t a b l e A - 7 , p a r t i c u l a r l y c h a n g e s r e s u l t i n g f r o m f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s o r r e d u c t io n s an d f r o m th e a d d itio n o r d e le t io n o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e s u r v e y s a m p le . E s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v is io n s T h e B - s e r i e s t a b le s p r o v id e in fo r m a t io n on e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s f o r p la n t a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s . " P la n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g fo r e m e n a n d a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s ( i n c l u d i n g l e a d m e n a n d t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s . C a f e t e r i a w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n . r e e x c l u d e d f r o m m a n u f a c t u r i n g , b u t i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g in d u s t r ie s . " O f f ic e w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s a n d n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la t e d fu n c t io n s . A d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u t iv e , a n d p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s a r e e x c lu d e d . M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s r e l a t e o n ly t o t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . (S e e t a b le B - l . ) B e c a u s e o f t h e o p t i m u m s a m p l i n g t e c h n i q u e s u s e d a n d t h e p r o b a b i l i t y th a t l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e m o r e l i k e l y th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s t o h a v e f o r m a l e n t r a n c e r a t e s a b o v e t h e s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l , t h e t a b l e i s m o r e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s in m e d i u m a n d l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l d a t a a r e l i m i t e d t o p la n t w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s . (S e e t a b le B - 2 . ) T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f ( 1 ) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y 3* f o r t o t a l p la n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t , a n d (2 ) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e f o r w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d on th e s p e c i f i e d s h ift at th e t im e o f th e s u r v e y . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , t h e a m o u n t a p p l y i n g t o a m a jo r it y is u s e d ; if n o a m o u n t a p p lie s t o a m a jo r it y , th e c la s s if ic a t i o n " o t h e r " is u s e d . In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g s o m e l a t e - s h i f t h o u r s p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d if f e r e n c e i s r e c o r d e d o n ly i f it a p p l ie s t o a m a j o r i t y o f th e s h ift h o u r s . A s e c o n d (e v e n in g ) s h ift e n d s w o r k at o r n e a r m id n ig h t. A t h i r d ( n ig h t ) s h i f t s t a r t s w o r k a t o r n e a r m i d n i g h t . T h e s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s a n d d a y s o f a m a j o r i t y o f t h e f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e t a b u l a t e d a s a p p l y i n g t o a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f t h a t e s t a b l i s h m e n t . (S e e t a b le B - 3 . ) S c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s a n d d a y s a r e t h o s e w h ic h a m a jo r i t y o f f u l l - t i m e e m p lo y e e s a r e e x p e c te d to w o r k fo r s tr a ig h t-tim e o r o v e r tim e r a te s . P a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ; a n d h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p la n s a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y a s a p p l y i n g t o a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f a m a j o r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify f o r th e p r a c t ic e s lis t e d . (S ee ta b le s B - 4 th r o u g h B - 6 .) Sum s of i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s in t a b l e s B - 2 t h r o u g h B - 5 m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s b e c a u s e o f r o u n d i n g . T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s i s a s t a t i s t i c a l m e a s u r e o f v a c a t i o n p r o v is io W p r a t h e r t h a n a m e a s u r e o f th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s a c t u a lly r e c e iv in g s p e c i f i c b e n e f it s . ( S e e 't a b l e B - 5 ) P r o v i s i o n s a p p l y t o a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t r e g a r d l e s s o f le n g t h o f s e r v i c e . P a y m e n ts on o th e r th a n a t im e b a s is a r e c o n v e r t e d t o a t im e p e r io d ; f o r e x a m p le , 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s a r e c o n s i d e r e d e q u i v a l e n t t o 1 w e e k 's p a y . O n ly b a s i c p la n s a r e i n c l v d e d . E s t im a t e s e x c lu d e v a c a t io n b o n u s e s , v a c a t io n -s a v in g s p la n s , an d " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t ic a l" b e n e fit s b e y o n d b a s ic p la n s . S u c h p r o v i s i o n s a r e t y p i c a l in t h e s t e e l , a lu m in u m , an d ca n in d u s t r ie s . H e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p la n s f o r w h i c h t h e e m p l o y e r p a y s a t l e a s t a p a r t o f th e c o s t in c lu d e t h o s e (1 ) u n d e r w r it t e n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n i z a t i o n , . ( 2 ) p r o v i d e d t h r o u g h a u n io n f u n d , o r ( 3 ) p a i d d i r e c t l y b y t h e e m p l o y e r o u t o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t in g flu id s o r fr o m a fu n d s e t a s i d e ( o r t h is p u r p o s e . (S e e t a b l e B - 6 . ) An e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s c o n s i d e r e d t o h a v e s u c h a p la n i f t h e m a j o r i t y o f e m p l o y e e s a r e c o v e r e d e v e n t h o u g h l e s s t h a n a m a j o r i t y p a r t i c i p a t e u n d e r t h e p la n b e c a u s e e m p l o y e e s a r e r e q u i r e d t o c o n t r i b u t e t o w a r d t h e c o s t . E x c l u d e d a r e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p l a n s , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. S ic k n e s s a n d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e i s l i m it e d t o th a t t y p e o f in s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ic h p r e d e t e r m i n e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e d i r e c t l y t o t h e i n s u r e d d u r in g t e m p o r a r y i l l n e s s o r a c c i d e n t d is a b ility . I n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s u c h p la n s t o w h i c h t h e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s . H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k a n d N e w J e r s e y , w h i c h h a v e e n a c t e d t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e la w s r e q u i r i n g e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , * p la n s a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y i f t h e e m p l o y e r ( 1 ) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e t h a n i s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , o r (2 ) p r o v i d e s t h e e m p l o y e e w it h b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h e la w . T a b u l a t i o n s o f p a i d s i c k l e a v e p la n s a r e l i m i t e d t o f o r m a l p la n s 5 w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e w o r k e r ' s p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s . S e p a r a t e t a b u l a t i o n s a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g t o ( 1 ) p la n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y a n d n o w a it i n g p e r i o d , a n d (2 ) p la n s w h ic h p r o v id e e it h e r p a r t ia l p a y o r a w a itin g p e r io d . In a d d i t i o n t o t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r p a id s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p lic a te d t o t a l is s h o w n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e e it h e r o r b o th t y p e s o f b e n e f it s . L o n g t e r m d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o v i d e p a y m e n t s t o t o t a l l y d i s a b l e d e m p l o y e e s u p o n th e e x p ir a t i o n o f t h e i r p a id s ic k le a v e a n d /o r s ic k n e s s a n d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e , o r a f t e r a p r e d e te r m in e d p e r io d o f d is a b ility (ty p ic a lly 6 m o n th s ). P a y m e n t s a r e m a d e u n til th e e n d o f th e d is a b ility , a m a x im u m a g e , o r e lig ib ilit y fo r r e tir e m e n t b e n e fits . F u ll o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n ts a r e a l m o s t a l w a y s r e d u c e d b y s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , a n d p r i v a t e p e n s i o n s b e n e f i t s p a y a b le t o th e d is a b le d e m p lo y e e . D a t a o n p a i d h o l i d a y s a r e l i m i t e d t o h o l i d a y s g r a n t e d a n n u a ll y o n a f o r m a l b a s i s , w h i c h ( 1 ) a r e p r o v id e d f o r in w r it t e n f o r m , o r (2 ) a r e e s t a b lis h e d b y c u s t o m . (S e e t a b le B - 4 . ) H o lid a y s o r d in a r il y g r a n t e d a r e in c lu d e d e v e n th o u g h th e y m a y f a ll on a n o n w o r k d a y a n d th e w o r k e r is n ot g ra n te d a n oth er day o ff. T h e f i r s t p a r t o f th e p a id h o li d a y s ta b le p r e s e n t s th e n u m b e r o f w h o le an d h a lf h o lid a y s a c t u a lly g r a n te d . T h e s e c o n d p a r t c o m b in e s w h o le a n d h a lf h o li d a y s t o s h o w t o ta l h o lid a y t im e . T a b le B - 4 a r e p o r t s th e in c i d e n c e o f th e m o s t c o m m o n p a id h o li d a y s . M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e p la n s p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s f r o m s i c k n e s s a n d i n j u r y e x p e n s e s b e y o n d th e c o v e r a g e o f b a s i c h o s p it a liz a t io n , m e d ic a l, an d s u r g ic a l p la n s . T y p ic a l fe a tu re s o f m a j o r m e d i c a l p la n s a r e (1 ) a " d e d u c t i b l e " ( e . g . , $ 5 0 ) p a id b y th e in s u r e d b e f o r e b e n e fit s b e g in ; (2 ) a c o in s u r a n c e fe a t u r e r e q u ir in g th e in s u r e d t o p a y a p o r t io n ( e .g . 20 p e r c e n t ) o f c e r t a in e x p e n s e s ; an d (3 ) s ta te d d o lla r m a x im u m b e n e fit s ( e .g ., $ 1 0 ,0 0 0 a y e a r ) . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e p r o v id e s c o m p le te o r p a r tia l p a y m en t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s . D e n ta l in s u r a n c e u s u a lly c o v e r s fillin g s , e x tr a c tio n s , and X - r a y s . E x c l u d e d a r e p la n s w h i c h c o v e r o n l y o r a l s u r g e r y o r a c c i d e n t dam age. R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s p r o v i d e p a y m e n t s f o r t h e r e m a i n d e r o f t h e w o r k e r ' s l i f e . 3 A n establishment was considered as having a p o licy if it met either o f the follow ing conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the tim e o f the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late shifts. A n establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1) had operated late shifts during the 12 months before the survey, or (2 ) had provisions in written form to operate late shifts. ' The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions. 5 An establishment is considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minim um number o f days sick leave available to each em ployee. Such a plan need not be written; but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, are excluded. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Akron, Ohio,' by major industry division,2 December 1973 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts In d u s try d iv is io n M in i m u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f stu d y W i t h in s c o p e o f s t u d y S t u d ie d W it h in s c o p e o f stu d y * T o t a l4 S t u d ie d P la n t N um ber O ffic e P ercen t T o ta l4 A l l d i v i s i o n s _______________________________________ _ 440 121 1 3 0 ,4 0 0 100 7 6 , 320 2 4 ,3 0 3 8 7 ,6 3 6 M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ ____ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________ ___________________ T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5_____ _________ ________ W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ______________ _____ . _________ R e t a i l t r a d e __________________________________________ F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e _________ S e r v i c e s 8___________________ . . . 50 - 195 245 50 71 8 5 ,0 0 0 4 5 ,4 0 0 65 35 5 0 ,6 6 2 2 5 ,6 5 8 1 5 ,7 9 7 8 ,5 0 6 6 2 ,7 3 8 2 4 ,8 9 8 50 50 50 50 50 41 30 17 5 , 180 2 .3 9 5 23 23 41 15 1 2 ,5 6 9 2 ,4 9 1 2 1 ,2 1 6 4 ,6 0 9 4 ,5 1 5 10 2 110 16 4 3 8 ,9 1 0 811 1 0 ,2 6 6 2 ,9 1 2 1 .9 9 9 8 8 (* ) ( 6) ( 7) b ( 6) ( 6) (‘ > (6) 1 T h e A k r o n S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f i n e d b y t h e O f f i c e o f M a n a g e m e n t a n d B u d g e t t h r o u g h N o v e m b e r 1 9 7 2 , c o n s i s t s o f P o r t a g e a n d S u m m it C o u n t i e s . The "w ork ers w it h i n s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h i s t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f t h e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f t h e l a b o r f o r c e i n c l u d e d in t h e s u r v e y . E s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t i n d e x e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e ( 1 ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a t a c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1 9 6 7 e d i t i o n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r i a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d t o c l a s s i f y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n . 3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t a t o r a b o v e th e m i n i m u m l i m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t l e t s (w it h i n t h e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in i n d u s t r i e s s u c h a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u t o r e p a i r s e r v i c e , an d m o tio n p ic t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d a s 1 e s t a b lis h m e n t . 4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s e p a r a t e p la n t a n d o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s . 5 A b b r e v i a t e d t o " p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s " in t h e A - a n d B - s e r i e s t a b l e s . T a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s i n c i d e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w e r e e x c l u d e d . A k r o n ' s l o c a l t r a n s i t s y s t e m is m u n i c i p a l l y o p e r a t e d an d is e x c lu d e d b y d e fin it io n f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s tu d y . 6 T h i s d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , a n d f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in t h e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s . S e p a ra te p re s e n ta tio n o f d a ta i s n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n s : ( 1 ) E m p l o y m e n t i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a t a t o m e r i t s e p a r a t e s t u d y , (2 ) t h e s a m p l e w a s n o t d e s i g n e d i n i t i a l l y t o p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , ( 3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f i c i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e t o p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , a n d (4 ) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t d a t a . 7 W o r k e r s f r o m t h i s e n t i r e d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b u t f r o m t h e r e a l e s t a t e p o r t i o n o n l y in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in t h e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s . S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f d a t a i s n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e r e a s o n s g i v e n in f o o t n o t e 6 . 8 H o t e ls a n d m o t e l s ; la u n d r ie s a n d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b ile r e p a i r , r e n t a l, a n d p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s (e x c lu d in g r e lig io u s an d c h a r it a b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ); a n d e n g in e e r in g an d a r c h it e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . I n d u s t r i a l c o m p o s i t i o n in m a n u f a c t u r i n g L a b o r - i m anagem ent a g r e e m e n t c o v e r a g e A l m o s t t w o - t h i r d s o f th e w o r k e r s w it h i n s c o p e o f t h e s u r v e y in th e A k r o n a r e a w e r e e m p l o y e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g f i r m s . T h e f o llo w in g p r e s e n t s th e m a jo r in d u s tr y g r o u p s an d s p e c i f i c in d u s t r ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a l l m a n u fa c t u r in g : T h e f o l l o w i n g t a b u l a t i o n s h o w s t h e p e r c e n t o f p la n t a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in w h i c h a c o n t r a c t <_r c o n t r a c t s c o v e r e d a m a j o r i t y o f t h e w o r k e r s in t h e r e s p e c t i v e c a t e g o r i e s , A k r o n , O h io , D e c e m b e r 1 973: In d u stry g ro u p s R u b b e r and p la s tic s p r o d u c t s ________________________ 4 6 F a b r ic a te d m e ta l p r o d u c t s ________________________ 19 M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l _______________________ 10 E l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t an d s u p p l i e s _________________________ 7 P la n t w o r k e r s S p e c i f i c in d u s t r ie s T i r e s a n d in n e r t u b e s ___________ F a b r ic a te d s tr u c tu ra l m e ta l p r o d u c t s ________________________ C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ____ M e t a l s t a m p i n g s __________________ A l l i n d u s t r i e s ______________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s _________________________ 40 11 6 6 100 O ffic e w o r k e r s 7 1 55 A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s c o n s i d e r e d t o h a v e a c o n t r a c t c o v e r i n g a l l p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e c o v e r e d b y a la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t . T h e r e f o r e , a l l o t h e r p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s a r e e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s th a t e i t h e r d o n o t h a v e l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t s in e f f e c t , o r h a v e c o n t r a c t s t h a t a p p l y t o f e w e r th a n h a l f o f t h e i r p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s . E s t i m a t e s a r e n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f th e e x t e n t t o w h i c h a l l w o r k e r s in t h e a r e a m a y b e c o v e r e d b y t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n t s , b e c a u s e s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e e x c lu d e d an d th e in d u s t r ia l s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y is lim it e d . T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n is b a s e d o n e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e m a te r ia ls c o m p ile d b e fo r e a ctu a l s u r v e y . P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t i o n s b a s e d o n t h e r e s u l t s o f t h e s u r v e y a s s h o w n in t h e a p p e n d i x t a b l e . 77 89 25 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r i n g j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r t h e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s i s t o a s s i s t i t s f i e l d s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g i n t o a p p r o p r i a t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s and d iffe r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s fr o m e s t a b lis h m e n t to e s t a b lis h m e n t and fr o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is p e r m it s th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b le j o b c o n t e n t . B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is on i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o c c u p a t i o n a l c o n t e n t , t h e B u r e a u 's j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m t h o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p l y i n g t h e s e j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s , t h e B u r e a u 's f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e i n s t r u c t e d to e x c l u d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t i c e s ; l e a r n e r s ; b e g i n n e r s ; t r a i n e e s ; an d h a n d ic a p p e d , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , a n d p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s . OFFICE B IL L E R , C L E R K , A C C O U N T I N G — C o n t in u e d M A C H IN E P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , a n d i n v o i c e s o n a m a c h i n e o t h e r th a n a n o r d i n a r y o r e l e c t r o m a tic ty p e w r ite r . M a y a l s o k e e p r e c o r d s a s t o b i l l i n g s o r s h ip p i n g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n t a l t o b il lin g o p e r a t io n s . F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s , m a c h in e , a r e c la s s ifie d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , as fo llo w s : B il le r , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) . U se s a s p e c ia l an d a d d in g m a c h in e ) to p r e p a r e b il ls and i n v o i c e s f r o m n a l l y p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , s h ip p i n g m e m o r a n d u m s , e t c . d e t e r m i n e d d i s c o u n t s a n d s h ip p i n g c h a r g e s a n d e n t r y o f m a y n ot b e c o m p u te d o n th e b illin g m a c h in e , an d to t a ls b y m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m p r e p a r e d an d is o ft e n d o n e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e . P o s itio n s b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ( c o m b i n a t i o n t y p in g c u s to m e r s ' p u rch a se o r d e r s , in te r U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p l ic a t io n o f p r e n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s i o n s , w h ic h m a y o r w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u l a t e d b e r o f c a r b o n c o p i e s o f th e b i l l b e in g CLERK, (w it h o r w it h o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) t o k e e p a r e c o r d A C C O U N T IN G P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e a c c o u n tin g c l e r i c a l ta s k s s u c h a s p o s tin g t o r e g i s t e r s and le d g e r s ; r e c o n c il in g ban k a c c o u n t s ; v e r i f y in g th e in te r n a l c o n s is t e n c y , c o m p le t e n e s s , an d m a th e m a tic a l a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; a s s i g n in g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r ify in g fo r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s ty p e s o f r e p o r t s , li s t s , c a lc u la t io n s , p o s tin g , e t c .; o r p r e p a r i n g s i m p l e o r a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r i n g m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d j o u r n a l v o u c h e r s . M ay w ork in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m . o n th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g d e fin it io n s . F IL E C la s s B . S o r t s , c o d e s , and f il e s u n c la s s ifie d m a t e r ia l b y s im p le ( s u b je c t m a tte r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t ly c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l b y f in e r s u b h e a d in g s . P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x an d c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s . A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s c l e a r l y i d e n t i f i e d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s a n d f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l . M a y p e r f o r m r e la t e d c l e r i c a l t a s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in an d s e r v i c e f i l e s . C la s s B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t io n s o f a s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir i n g l i t t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t io n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (n o t in c l u d i n g a s i m p l e t y p e o f b i l l i n g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r b i l l e r , m a c h in e ) , c o s t d is t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e t c . M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a t i o n o f t r i a l b a l a n c e s a n d p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r t h e a c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t . T h e w o r k r e q u ir e s a k n o w le d g e o f w h ic h r e l a t e s t o t h e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g a n d W ith e x p e r i e n c e , t h e w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m a n d p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in t h e a s s i g n e d w o r k , p r in c ip le s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g . le v e ls C la s s A . C l a s s i f i e s an d in d e x e s f il e m a t e r i a l s u c h a s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n i c a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in a n e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m c o n t a i n i n g a n u m b e r o f v a r i e d s u b j e c t m a t t e r f i l e s . M a y a l s o f i l e t h i s m a t e r i a l . M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r i o u s t y p e s in c o n j u n c t i o n w it h t h e f i l e s . M a y le a d a s m a ll g r o u p o f l o w e r le v e l f i l e c l e r k s . C la s s A . K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f a n d e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p i n g p r i n c i p l e s , a n d f a m i l i a r i t y w it h t h e s t r u c t u r e o f th e p a r t i c u l a r a c c o u n t i n g s y s t e m u s e d . D e t e r m i n e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f d e b i t a n d c r e d i t i t e m s t o b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , and o t h e r r e c o r d s by hand. CLERK, in t o F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , a n d r e t r i e v e s m a t e r i a l in a n e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m . M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l an d m a n u a l t a s k s r e q u ir e d t o m a in t a in f i l e s . P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to le v e l s o n th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g d e f in it io n s . OPERATOR O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e o f b u s in e s s tr a n s a c tio n s . c la s s ifie d C la s s B . U n d e r c lo s e s u p e r v is io n , fo llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s and s ta n d a r d iz e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e r o u t in e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t io n s , s u c h a s p o s t in g to le d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e id e n t ific a t io n o f it e m s and lo c a t io n s o f p o s t in g s a r e c l e a r l y in d ic a t e d ; c h e c k in g a c c u r a c y an d c o m p le t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d iz e d an d r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s o r a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; and c o d in g d o c u m e n t s u s in g a fe w p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s . B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ) . U s e s a b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h i n e (w it h o r w it h o u t a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b il ls a s p a r t o f th e a c c o u n t s r e c e iv a b le o p e r a t io n . G e n e r a ll y in v o lv e s th e s im u lt a n e o u s e n t r y o f f ig u r e s o n c u s t o m e r s ' l e d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s fig u r e s o n a n u m b e r o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u te s an d u s u a lly p r in t s a u t o m a t i c a lly th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a la n c e s . D o e s n o t in v o lv e a k n o w l e d g e o f b o o k k e e p in g . W ork s fr o m u n ifo r m and s ta n d a r d ty p e s o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s . B O O K K E E P I N G -M A C H I N E are C la s s A . U n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v i s i o n , p e r f o r m s a c c o u n t i n g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s w h ic h r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r ie n c e an d ju d g m e n t, f o r e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s in g c o m p lic a t e d o r n o n r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n t in g t r a n s a c t io n s , s e le c t in g a m o n g a s u b s ta n tia l v a r i e t y o f p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s an d c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c in g t r a n s a c t io n s t h r o u g h p r e v io u s a c c o u n tin g a c t io n s to d e t e r m in e s o u r c e o f d is c r e p a n c i e s . M ay be a s siste d by one o r m o r e c la s s B a c c o u n tin g c le r k s . c l e r i c a l m e th o d s and o f f ic e p r a c t ic e s and p r o c e d u r e s r e c o r d i n g o f t r a n s a c t io n s an d a c c o u n t in g in fo r m a t i o n . e s f a m i l i a r w ith t h e b o o k k e e p i n g a n d a c c o u n t i n g t e r m s but is n ot r e q u ir e d to h a v e a k n o w le d g e o f th e f o r m a l C la s s C . P e r f o r m s r o u t i n e f i l i n g o f m a t e r i a l t h a t h a s a l r e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f i e d o r w h ic h i s e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s i m p l e s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s y s t e m ( e . g . , a l p h a b e t i c a l , c h r o n o l o g i c a l , o r n u m e r i c a l ) . A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l in f i l e s a n d f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l ; a n d m a y f i l l o u t w it h d r a w a l c h a r g e . M a y p e r f o r m s i m p l e c l e r i c a l a n d m a n u a l t a s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in an d s e r v i c e f i l e s . C LE R K , ORDER R e c e iv e s c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e by m a il , p h o n e , o r p e r s o n a l ly . D u t ie s i n v o l v e a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : Q u o t in g p r i c e s t o c u s t o m e r s ; m a k i n g o u t a n o r d e r s h e e t li s t i n g th e it e m s to m a k e u p th e o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r i c e s and q u a n titie s o f it e m s o n o r d e r s h e e t ; a n d d i s t r i b u t i n g o r d e r s h e e t s t o r e s p e c t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s t o b e f i l l e d . M a y c h e c k w it h c r e d i t d e p a r t m e n t to d e t e r m in e c r e d i t r a t in g o ( c u s t o m e r , a c k n o w le d g e r e c e i p t o f o r d e r s f r o m c u s t o m e r s , f o l l o w u p o r d e r s t o s e e th a t t h e y h a v e b e e n f i l l e d , k e e p f i l e o f o r d e r s r e c e i v e d , a n d c h e c k s h ip p i n g i n v o i c e s w it h o r i g i n a l o r d e r s . CLERK, PAYROLL C o m p u t e s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s a n d e n t e r s th e n e c e s s a r y d a ta o n th e p a y r o ll s h e e t s . D u tie s in v o lv e : C a lc u la t in g w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s b a s e d o n t im e o r p r o d u c t i o n r e c o r d s ; an d p o s t i n g c a l c u l a t e d d a t a o n p a y r o l l s h e e t , s h o w in g i n f o r m a t i o n s u c h a s w o r k e r ' s n a m e , w o r k i n g d a y s , t im e , r a t e , d e d u c tio n s f o r in s u r a n c e , and to ta l w a g e s d u e. M a y m a k e ou t p a y c h e c k s and a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k i n g u p a n d d i s t r i b u t i n g p a y e n v e l o p e s . M a y u s e a c a lc u la t in g m a c h in e . 26 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR S E C R E T A R Y — C o n t in u e d O p era tes a keypu n ch ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r o n t a p e . P o s itio n s are m a c h in e c la s s ifie d in to to record le v e ls on or th e v e r ify b a s is a lp h a b e tic o f th e a n d /o r fo llo w in g n u m e r ic d a ta on d e fin itio n s . C la s s A . W o r k r e q u i r e s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f e x p e r i e n c e a n d j u d g m e n t in s e l e c t i n g p r o c e d u r e s t o b e f o l l o w e d a n d in s e a r c h i n g f o r , i n t e r p r e t i n g , s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d i n g i t e m s t o b e k e y p u n c h e d f r o m a v a r i e t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s . O n o c c a s i o n m a y a ls o p e r f o r m s o m e r o u tin e keypu n ch w o rk . M a y t r a in in e x p e r ie n c e d k e y p u n c h o p e r a t o r s . N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in t h e l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s f o l l o w i n g , r e f e r s t o t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w h o h a v e a s i g n i f i c a n t c o r p o r a t e - w i d e p o l i c y m a k i n g r o l e w it h r e g a r d t o m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s . T h e t it l e " v i c e p r e s i d e n t , " th o u g h n o r m a ll y in d ic a t iv e o f th is r o l e , d o e s n o t in a l l c a s e s i d e n t i f y s u c h p o s i t i o n s . V i c e p r e s i d e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s t o a c t p e r s o n a l l y o n i n d i v i d u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t i o n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r d e n y in d i v i d u a l l o a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m i n i s t e r in d i v i d u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s t a f f ) a r e n o t c o n s i d e r e d t o b e " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f a p p l y in g t h e f o l l o w i n g l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s . C la s s a ll, C la s s B . W o r k is r o u tin e a n d r e p e t it iv e . U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r f o ll o w in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r i n s t r u c t i o n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r i o u s s t a n d a r d i z e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o d e d , a n d f o l l o w s s p e c i f i e d p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l a n d r e q u i r e lit t le o r n o s e le c t in g , c o d in g , o r in t e r p r e t in g o f d a ta to be r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v is o r p r o b le m s a r is in g f r o m e r r o n e o u s it e m s o r c o d e s o r m i s s i n g in fo r m a t i o n . M E S S E N G E R (O ffic e B oy o r A 1. S e c r e t a r y t o th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y t h a t e m p l o y s , in 2. S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n t h e c h a i r m a n o f t h e b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 b u t f e w e r t h a n 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d , im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w th e c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r le v e l, s e g m e n t o r s u b s i d i a r y o f a c o m p a n y t h a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s . C la s s G ir l) o f a m a jo r B 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n f e w e r th a n 100 p e r s o n s ; o r o f th e board or p r e s i d e n t o f a c o m p a n y t h a t e m p l o y s , in P e r f o r m s v a r i o u s r o u t i n e d u t i e s s u c h a s r u n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t i n g m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g a n d d is t r ib u t in g m a il , a n d o t h e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s i t io n s th a t r e q u ir e o p e r a t io n o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e a s a s ig n i f ic a n t d u ty . a ll, SECRETARY 3. S e c r e t a r y t o th e h e a d , im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w th e o f f i c e r le v e l , o v e r e ith e r a m a jo r c o r p o r a t e - w i d e fu n c t io n a l a c t iv it y ( e . g . , m a r k e t i n g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t io n s , in d u s t r ia l r e l a t i o n s , e t c . ) o£ a m a j o r g e o g r a p h i c o r o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g i o n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d i v i s i o n ) o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 b u t f e w e r t h a n 2 5 , 0 0 0 e m p lo y e e s ; o r 2. S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th a n t h e c h a i r m a n o f t h e b o a r d o f a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r A s s i g n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y t o o n e i n d i v i d u a l . M a in t a i n s a c l o s e a n d h i g h l y r e s p o n s iv e r e la t io n s h ip to th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f th e s u p e r v is o r . W o r k s f a ir l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e t a ile d s u p e r v is io n a n d g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r i e d c l e r i c a l an d s e c r e t a r i a l d u t i e s , u s u a l l y in c l u d i n g m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : a. R e c e i v e s te le p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and in c o m in g in q u ir e s , and r o u te s t e c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to th e p r o p e r p e r s o n s ; b. E s ta b lis h e s , c. M a in t a i n s d. R e la y s m a in t a in s , and r e v is e s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's m a il, an sw ers 4. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r s u p e r v i s o r 's m essages fr o m ca le n d a r s u p e r v is o r and m a k e s to file s ; a p p o in tm e n ts as P e r fo r m s s te n o g r a p h ic a n d ty p in g C in s tr u c te d ; 1. S e c r e t a r y t o an e x e c u t i v e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s n o t e q u iv a le n t t o o n e o f t h e s p e c i f i c l e v e l s i t u a t i o n s in t h e d e f i n i t i o n f o r c l a s s B , b u t w h o s e o r g a n i z a t i o n a l u n it n o r m a l l y n u m b e r s a t l e a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p l o y e e s a n d i s u s u a l l y d i v i d e d in t o o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s e g m e n t s w h ic h a r e o f t e n , in t u r n , f u r t h e r s u b d i v i d e d . In s o m e c o m p a n i e s , t h i s l e v e l i n c l u d e s a w i d e r a n g e o f o r g a n i z a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s , o n l y o n e o r t w o ; or s u b o r d in a te s ; e. R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d u m s , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d s u p e r v i s o r 's s i g n a t u r e t o a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l a n d t y p o g r a p h i c a c c u r a c y ; f. o t h e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l 5. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d o f a la r g e and im p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e .g ., a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n i z a t io n a l s e g m e n t o ft e n in v o lv in g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d r e d p e r s o n s ) o r a c o m p a n y th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s . r o u tin e C la s s th e e tc . (o r o r p r e s id e n t) by oth ers fo r th e 2. S e c r e t a r y t o t h e h e a d o f an i n d i v i d u a l p la n t , f a c t o r y , o f o f f i c i a l ) t h a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r t h a n 5 , 0 0 0 p e r s o n s . w ork . C la s s M ay a ls o p e r fo r m o th e r c le r i c a l and s e c r e t a r ia l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b le n a tu re and d iffic u lty . T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u ir e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f i c e r o u t in e an d u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e o r g a n i z a t io n , p r o g r a m s , an d p r o c e d u r e s r e la t e d t o th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v is o r . c h a r a c t e r is t ic s . o t h e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l D 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v is o r o r h e a d a b o u t 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o r of a s m a l l o r g a n i z a t i o n a l u n it ( e . g . , f e w e r th a n 2. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s ta ff s p e c ia lis t , p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is tr a t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s is t a n t , s k ille d t e c h n ic ia n o r e x p e r t . . (N O T E : M a n y c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r th a n s e c r e t a r i e s a s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , t o t h i s l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r .) E x clu sio n s N o t a ll p o s i t io n s th a t a r e t it l e d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e a b o v e o f p o s i t i o n s w h ic h a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e d e f i n i t i o n a r e a s f o l l o w s : e tc . (o r E x a m p le s STENOGRAPH ER a. P o s itio n s w h ic h b. S ten ogra p h ers c. S te n o g ra p h e rs m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ; do not n o t fu lly s e r v in g m eet th e t r a in e d in as o ffic e "p e r s o n a l" secreta ry s e c r e t a r ia l typ e a s sista n ts con cep t d e s c r ib e d above; d u t ie s ; to a grou p o f p r o fe s s io n a l, te c h n ic a l, or d. S e c r e t a r y p o s i t i o n s in w h ic h t h e d u t i e s a r e e i t h e r s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e r o u t i n e s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o r e c o m p l e x a n d r e s p o n s i b l e th a n t h o s e c h a r a c t e r i z e d in t h e d e f i n i t i o n ; or P r i m a r y d u ty i s to ta k e d ic t a t io n u s in g s h o r t h a n d , an d to t r a n s c r i b e th e d ic t a t io n . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y . M a y o p e r a t e f r o m a s t e n o g r a p h ic p o o l. M a y o c c a s io n a ll y t r a n s c r ib e f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d in g s ( if p r im a r y d u ty is t r a n s c r ib in g f r o m r e c o r d in g s , s e e T r a n s c r ib in g - M a c h in e O p e r a t o r , G e n e r a l). N O T E : T h i s j o b i s d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r o m t h a t o f a s e c r e t a r y in t h a t a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a l l y w o r k s , in a c o n f i d e n t i a l r e l a t i o n s h i p w it h o n l y o n e m a n a g e r o r e x e c u t i v e a n d p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s ib l e an d d i s c r e t i o n a r y t a s k s a s d e s c r i b e d in th e s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin it io n . S te n o g ra p h e r, e. A s s i s t a n t t y p e p o s i t i o n s w h ic h i n v o l v e m o r e d i f f i c u l t o r m o r e n i c a l , a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , s u p e r v i s o r y , o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l d u t i e s w h ic h s e c r e ta r ia l w ork . r e s p o n s ib le te c h a r e n ot ty p ic a l o f or 27 G en eral D ic t a t io n in v o lv e s a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u l a r y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y r o u t in e c l e r i c a l t a s k s . k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s , S T E N O G R A P H E R — C o n tin u e d S ten og ra p h er, or T A B U L A T I N G - M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R ( E l e c t r i c A c c o u n t i n g M a c h i n e O p e r a t o r ) — C o n t in u e d S e n io r P o s i t i o n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in t o l e v e l s o n t h e b a s i s o f t h e f o l l o w i n g d e f i n i t i o n s . D i c t a t i o n i n v o l v e s a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y s u c h a s in l e g a l b r i e f s r e p o r ts on s c ie n t ific r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o s e t up an d m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c . C la s s A . P e r f o r m s c o m p l e t e r e p o r t i n g a n d t a b u l a t i n g a s s i g n m e n t s in c l u d i n g d e v i s i n g d iffic u lt c o n t r o l p a n e l w ir in g u n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e a v a r i e t y o f lo n g an d c o m p l e x r e p o r t s w h ic h o ft e n a r e ir r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g , r e q u ir i n g s o m e p la n n in g o f t h e n a t u r e a n d s e q u e n c i n g o f o p e r a t i o n s , a n d t h e u s e o f a v a r i e t y o f m a c h in e s . Is t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e d in t r a i n i n g n e w o p e r a t o r s in m a c h i n e o p e r a t i o n s o r t r a i n i n g l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w i r i n g f r o m d i a g r a m s a n d i n t h e o p e r a t i n g s e q u e n c e s o f l o n g a n d c o m p le x r e p o r t s . D o e s n o t i n c l u d e p o s i t i o n s in w h ic h w i r i n g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s l i m i t e d t o s e le c t io n and in s e r t io n o f p r e w ir e d b o a r d s . OR P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u t ie s r e q u ir i n g s ig n i f ic a n t ly g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n c e an d r e s p o n s ib i l i t y th a n s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l , a s e v i d e n c e d b y th e f o ll o w in g : W o r k r e q u i r e s a h ig h d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and a c c u r a c y ; a th o r o u g h w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f th e s p e c i f ic b u s in e s s o p e r a t io n s , o r g a n iz a t io n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , fil e s , w o r k flo w , e tc . U s e s t h i s k n o w l e d g e in p e r f o r m i n g s t e n o g r a p h i c d u t i e s a n d r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s m a in t a in in g fo llo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b l in g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d u m s , an d le t t e r s ; c o m p o s i n g s im p le le t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s : r e a d in g and r o u tin g in c o m i n g m a il ; a n d a n s w e r in g r o u t in e q u e s t io n s , e t c . S W IT C H B O A R D OPERATOR C l a s s A . O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n t e l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d h a n d lin g i n c o m i n g , o u t g o i n g , i n t r a p l a n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . P e r f o r m s f u l l t e l e p h o n e i n f o r m a t i o n s e r v i c e o r h a n d le s c o m p l e x c a l l s , s u c h a c o n f e r e n c e , c o l l e c t , o v e r s e a s , o r s i m i l a r c a l l s , e i t h e r in a d d i t i o n t o d o in g r o u t in e w o r k a s d e s c r i b e d fo r s w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r , c la s s B , o r a s a fu ll-t im e a s s i g n m e n t . ( " F u l l " t e l e p h o n e i n f o r m a t i o n s e r v i c e o c c u r s w h e n th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a s v a r i e d f u n c t io n s th a t a r e n o t r e a d i l y u n d e r s t a n d a b le f o r t e le p h o n e in f o r m a t io n p u r p o s e s , e . g . , b e c a u s e o f o v e r la p p in g o r in t e r r e l a t e d f u n c t io n s , an d c o n s e q u e n t ly p r e s e n t fr e q u e n t p r o b le m s a s to w h ic h e x t e n s io n s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e f o r c a l l s . ) C l a s s B . O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n t e l e p h o n e s w i t c h b o a r d h a n d lin g i n c o m i n g , o u t g o i n g , i n t r a p l a n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s . M a y h a n d le r o u t i n e l o n g d i s t a n c e c a l l s a n d r e c o r d t o l l s . M a y p e r f o r m lim it e d te le p h o n e in fo r m a t io n s e r v ic e . ( " L im i t e d " te le p h o n e in fo r m a t io n s e r v ic e o c c u r s i f th e f u n c t io n s o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s e r v i c e d a r e r e a d ily u n d e r s t a n d a b le f o r t e le p h o n e in f o r m a t i o n p u r p o s e s , o r i f th e r e q u e s t s a r e r o u t in e , e . g . , g iv in g e x t e n s io n n u m b e r s w h en s p e c ific n a m es a re fu r n is h e d , o r i f c o m p le x c a lls a r e r e fe r r e d to a n o th e r o p e r a t o r .) a s sist T h e s e c la s s if ic a t i o n s d o n ot in c lu d e c u s t o m e r s in p la c in g c a l l s . S W IT C H B O A R D C la s s B . P e r fo r m s w o rk a c c o r d in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and u n d er s p e c ific in s t r u c t io n s . A s s i g n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e c o m p le t e but r o u tin e a n d r e c u r r i n g r e p o r t s o r p a r t s o f la r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t s . O p e r a t e s m o r e d if f ic u l t ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t i n g m a c h i n e s s u c h a s t h e t a b u l a t o r a n d c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d i t i o n t o t h e s i m p l e r m a c h i n e s u s e d b y c la s s C o p e r a t o r s . M a y b e r e q u ir e d to d o s o m e w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s . M a y t r a in n e w e m p l o y e e s in b a s i c m a c h i n e o p e r a t i o n s . s w it c h b o a r d op era tors in t e l e p h o n e c o m p a n ie s who O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T In a d d i t i o n t o p e r f o r m i n g d u t i e s o f o p e r a t o r o n a s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n o r m o n i t o r - t y p e s w i t c h b o a r d , a c t s a s r e c e p t i o n i s t an d m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u t in e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a r t o f r e g u l a r d u t ie s . T h is t y p in g o r c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y ta k e th e m a j o r p a r t o f t h is w o r k e r 's t im e w h ile at s w itc h b o a r d . T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E OPERATOR C la s s C . U n d e r s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t io n s , o p e r a t e s s im p le t a b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e s o r t e r , i n t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n ch , c o l l a t o r , e t c . A s s ig n m e n ts t y p i c a l l y i n v o l v e p o r t i o n s o f a w o r k u n it , f o r e x a m p l e , in d i v i d u a l s o r t i n g o r c o l l a t i n g r u n s , o r r e p e t it iv e o p e r a t io n s . M a y p e r f o r m s im p le w ir in g fr o m d ia g r a m s , and d o s o m e filin g w o r k . T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E OPERATOR, GENERAL P r i m a r y d u ty is to t r a n s c r i b e d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u l a r y fr o m tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e r e c o r d s . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r itte n c o p y and d o s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k . W o r k e r s t r a n s c r ib in g d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y s u ch a s le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s o n s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h a r e n o t in c lu d e d . A w o r k e r w h o ta k e s d ic t a t io n in s h o r th a n d o r b y S te n o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e is c l a s s i f i e d a s a s t e n o g r a p h e r . T Y P IS T U s e s a ty p e w r ite r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m t io n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o th e r p e r s o n . M a y in c lu d e r i a l s f o r u s e in d u p l i c a t i n g p r o c e s s e s . M a y d o c l e r i c a l a s k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , f il in g r e c o r d s an d r e p o r t s , a t e r ia ls o r to m a k e out b ills a fte r c a lc u la t y p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e w o r k in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c ia l tr a in in g , su ch o r s o r t in g a n d d is t r ib u t in g in c o m i n g m a il . C la s s A . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : T y p i n g m a t e r i a l in f i n a l f o r m w h e n it i n v o l v e s c o m b i n i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s : o r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e l l i n g , s y l l a b i c a t i o n , p u n c t u a t io n , e t c . , o f t e c h n i c a l o r u n u s u a l w o r d s o r f o r e i g n la n g u a g e m a t e r i a l ; o r p la n n in g l a y o u t a n d t y p in g o f c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s t o m a i n t a i n u n i f o r m i t y a n d b a l a n c e in s p a c i n g . M a y t y p e r o u t i n e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y i n g d e t a i l s t o s u it c i r c u m s t a n c e s . ( E l e c t r i c A c c o u n t in g M a c h in e O p e r a t o r ) O p e r a t e s o n e o r a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e ta b u la t o r , c a lc u l a t o r , c o l l a t o r , in t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c i n g p u n c h , e t c . E x c lu d e d fr o m th is d e fin it io n a r e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s . A ls o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f e l e c t r o n i c d ig it a l c o m p u t e r s , e v e n th o u g h th e y m a y a ls o o p e r a t e E A M e q u ip m e n t . C la s s B . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o ll o w in g : C o p y t y p in g f r o m rou gh d r a f t s : o r r o u tin e ty p in g o f f o r m s , in s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c .; o r s e ttin g u p s im p le ta b u la tio n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p le x t a b le s a lr e a d y s e t up and s p a c e d p r o p e r ly . o r c le a r sta n d a rd PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL COM PUTER OPERATOR COM PUTER M o n i t o r s a n d o p e r a t e s th e c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r t o p r o c e s s d a t a a c c o r d i n g t o o p e r a t i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s , u s u a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a p r o g r a m m e r . W o r k i n c l u d e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : S t u d i e s i n s t r u c t i o n s t o d e t e r m i n e e q u i p m e n t s e t u p a n d o p e r a t i o n s ; l o a d s e q u i p m e n t w it h r e q u i r e d it e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c . ) ; s w it c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x i lia r y e q u ip m e n t in to c i r c u i t , a n d s t a r t s a n d o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s t m e n t s to c o m p u t e r to c o r r e c t o p e r a t in g p r o b l e m s an d m e e t s p e c i a l c o n d i t i o n s ; r e v i e w s e r r o r s m a d e d u r in g o p e r a t i o n a n d d e t e r m i n e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b l e m t o s u p e r v i s o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; a n d m a in ta in s o p e r a t in g r e c o r d s . M a y t e s t a n d a s s i s t in c o r r e c t i n g program . F or w age stu d y p u rposes, co m p u ter o p e ra to rs are c la s s ifie d as C la s s B . O p e r a t e s i n d e p e n d e n t l y , o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r r u n n in g p r o g r a m s w it h m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t o f t h e p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b l i s h e d p r o d u c t io n r u n s , t y p ic a lly ru n o n a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a s is ; th e r e is lit t le o r n o te s t in g OR O p e r a t e s u n d e r d i r e c t s u p e r v i s i o n a c o m p u t e r r u n n in g p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n t s o f p r o g r a m s w it h t h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . M a y a s s i s t a h i g h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r b y i n d e p e n d e n tly p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d , an d p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g d e t a i l e d i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d w it h f r e q u e n t r e v i e w o f o p e r a t i o n s p e r f o r m e d . fo llo w s : C la s s A . O p e r a t e s i n d e p e n d e n t l y , o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r r u n n in g p r o g r a m s w it h m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : N ew p r o g r a m s a r e fr e q u e n t ly te s t e d a n d in t r o d u c e d : s c h e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n t s a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e to m in i m iz e d o w n t im e ; t h e p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p l e x d e s i g n s o th a t i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o f t e n r e q u i r e s a w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e to ta l p r o g r a m , and a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s m a y n o t b e a v a ila b le . M a y g iv e d ir e c t io n and g u id a n ce t o lo w e r le v e l o p e r a t o r s . O P E R A T O R — C o n t in u e d o f n e w p r o g r a m s r e q u i r e d ; a l t e r n a t e p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v i d e d in c a s e o r i g i n a l p r o g r a m n e e d s m a j o r c h a n g e o r c a n n o t b e c o r r e c t e d w it h i n a r e a s o n a b l e t i m e . In c o m m o n e r r o r s i t u a t io n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e a n d t a k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c t io n . T h is u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s t e p s , o r u s in g s ta n d a r d c o r r e c t i o n t e c h n iq u e s . C la s s C . W o r k s o n r o u t in e p r o g r a m s u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n . Is e x p e c t e d t o d e v e lo p w o r k i n g k n o w l e d g e o f t h e c o m p u t e r e q u i p m e n t u s e d a n d a b i l i t y t o d e t e c t p r o b l e m s i n v o l v e d in r u n n in g r o u t i n e p r o g r a m s . U s u a l l y h a s r e c e i v e d s o m e f o r m a l t r a i n i n g in c o m p u t e r o p e r a t i o n . M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r le v e l o p e r a t o r o n c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . COM PUTER PROGRAM M ER, B U S IN E S S C o n v e r t s s ta t e m e n t s o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p i c a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a s y s t e m s a n a ly s t , in t o a s e q u e n c e o f d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h a r e r e q u i r e d t o s o lv e th e p r o b le m s b y a u t o m a t ic d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u i p m e n t . W o r k in g f r o m c h a r t s o r d i a g r a m s , t h e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e l o p s t h e p r e c i s e i n s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h , w h e n e n t e r e d in t o t h e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d l a n g u a g e , c a u s e t h e m a n i p u l a t i o n 28 CO M PU TE R SYSTEM S A N A L Y ST , C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS— C o n tin u ed o f d a ta t o a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a b ili t ie s , m a t h e m a t ic s , lo g i c e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t ic u la r s u b je c t m a tte r in v o lv e d t o a n a ly z e c h a r t s an d d ia g r a m s o f th e p r o b le m t o b e p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e o f p r o g r a m s t e p s ; w r i t e s d e t a i l e d f l o w c h a r t s t o s h o w o r d e r in w h i c h d a ta w i l l b e p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s t h e s e c h a r t s t o c o d e d in s t r u c t io n s f o r m a c h in e t o fo llo w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s i n s t r u c t i o n s f o r o p e r a t i n g p e r s o n n e l d u r in g p r o d u c t i o n r u n ; a n a l y z e s , r e v i e w s , a n d a l t e r s p r o g r a m s t o i n c r e a s e o p e r a t in g e f f i c i e n c y o r a d a p t t o n e w r e q u ir e m e n t s ; m a in t a in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e v e lo p m e n t an d r e v i s i o n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o t h s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s a n d p r o g r a m m i n g s h o u l d b e c l a s s i f i e d a s s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s i f t h i s i s t h e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e i r p a y .) M ay p r o v id e a s sist. w age stu d y p u r p o s e s , program m ers are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t l y o r u n d e r o n l y g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s w h i c h r e q u i r e c o m p e t e n c e in a l l p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m i n g c o n c e p t s a n d p r a c t i c e s . W o r k in g f r o m d ia g r a m s a n d c h a r t s w h ic h id e n t ify th e n a tu r e o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a jo r p r o c e s s i n g s t e p s t o b e a c c o m p l i s h e d , an d th e r e la t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n v a r i o u s s t e p s o f th e p r o b le m s o lv i n g r o u t in e ; p la n s t h e f u l l r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m i n g a c t i o n s n e e d e d t o e f f i c i e n t l y u t i l i z e t h e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in a c h i e v i n g d e s i r e d e n d p r o d u c t s . le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w ho a re in s tr u c t lo w e r D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r il y r e s p o n s ib l e f o r th e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w it h s c ie n t if i c o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s . sy stem s a n a ly s ts are c la s s ifie d as a s sig n e d to C l a s s C . P r e p a r e s d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f s i n g l e u n it s o r p a r t s f o r e n g i n e e r i n g , c o n s t r u c t i o n , m a n u fa c t u r in g , o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s . T y p e s o f d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t i o n s ( d e p i c t i n g t h r e e d i m e n s i o n s in a c c u r a t e s c a l e ) a n d s e c t i o n a l v i e w s t o c l a r i f y p o s i t i o n i n g o f c o m p o n e n t s an d c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a t io n . C o n s o lid a t e s d e t a ils f r o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s a n d a d ju s t s o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le a s r e q u ir e d . S u g g e s te d m e th o d s o f a p p r o a c h , a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n t s , a n d a d v i c e o n s o u r c e m a t e r i a l s a r e g i v e n w it h i n i t i a l a s s i g n m e n t s . I n s t r u c t i o n s a r e le s s c o m p le te w hen a s s ig n m e n ts r e c u r . W o r k m a y b e s p o t - c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s . DRAFTSM AN- TRACER C o p ie s p la n s a n d d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s b y p la c in g t r a c in g c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w i n g s a n d t r a c i n g w it h p e n o r p e n c i l . ( D o e s n o t i n c l u d e t r a c i n g l i m i t e d t o p la n s p r i m a r i l y c o n s is t in g o f s t r a ig h t li n e s a n d a la r g e s c a le n o t r e q u ir i n g c l o s e d e lin e a t io n .) A N D /O R P r e p a r e s s im p le d u r in g p r o g r e s s . E L E C T R O N IC S or r e p e titiv e d r a w in g s o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d ite m s . W ork is c lo s e ly s u p e r v is e d T E C H N IC IA N fo llo w s : C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s in v o lv in g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s t e m a n a ly s is . P r o b le m s a r e c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f in p u t d a t a a n d m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f o u tp u t d a t a . ( F o r e x a m p l e , d e v e l o p s a n i n t e g r a t e d p r o d u c t i o n s c h e d u l i n g , i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a l y s i s , a n d s a l e s a n a l y s i s r e c o r d in w h i c h who a re C la s s B . P e r f o r m s n o n r o u t in e a n d c o m p l e x d r a ft in g a s s ig n m e n t s th a t r e q u ir e th e a p p li c a t io n o f m o s t o f th e s t a n d a r d iz e d d r a w in g t e c h n iq u e s r e g u l a r ly u s e d . D u t ie s t y p i c a l l y i n v o lv e su ch w ork a s: P r e p a r e s w o r k i n g d r a w i n g s o f s u b a s s e m b l i e s w it h i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s , m u lt ip le fu n c t io n s , and p r e c is e p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n c o m p o n e n t s ; p r e p a r e s a r c h i t e c t u r a l d r a w i n g s f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a b u i l d i n g i n c l u d i n g d e t a i l d r a w i n g s o f f o u n d a t i o n s , w a ll s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p l a n s , a n d r o o f . U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u l a s a n d m a n u a l s in m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y c o m p u t a t io n s to d e t e r m in e q u a n t it ie s o f m a t e r i a l s to b e u s e d , lo a d c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s , s tr e s s e s , e tc. R e c e iv e s in it ia l in s t r u c t io n s , r e q u ir e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v is o r . C o m p le t e d w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y . le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s . A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s t o fo r m u la te p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g th e m b y u se o f e le c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t . D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f a ll s p e c i f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d t o e n a b le p rogram m ers t o p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig it a l c o m p u t e r program s. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : A n a ly z e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s t o b e a u to m a te d a n d id e n t ifie s c o n d it io n s and c r it e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t is fa c t o r y r e s u lts ; s p e c ifie s n u m b e r and ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d o c u m e n t s t o b e u s e d ; o u t l i n e s a c t i o n s t o b e p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l a n d c o m p u t e r s in s u f f i c i e n t d e t a il f o r p r e s e n t a t io n t o m a n a g e m e n t an d f o r p r o g r a m m in g (t y p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a t io n o f w o r k a n d d a t a f l o w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d i n a t e s t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s a n d p a r t i c i p a t e s in t r i a l r u n s o f n e w a n d r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; a n d r e c o m m e n d s e q u ip m e n t c h a n g e s t o o b ta in m o r e e f f e c t i v e o v e r a ll o p e r a tio n s . ( N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o t h s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s a n d p r o g r a m m i n g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d a s s y s t e m s a n a ly s ts i f th is is th e s k il l u s e d t o d e t e r m in e t h e ir p a y .) stu d y p u r p o s e s , a n a ly s t s C la s s A . P la n s th e g r a p h ic p r e s e n t a t i o n o f c o m p l e x it e m s h a v in g d is t in c t iv e d e s ig n f e a t u r e s t h a t d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m e s t a b l i s h e d d r a f t i n g p r e c e d e n t s . W o r k s in c l o s e s u p p o r t w it h t h e d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r , a n d m a y r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d e s i g n c h a n g e s . A n a ly z e s th e e f f e c t o f e a c h c h a n g e on th e d e t a ils o f f o r m , fu n c t io n , an d p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s o f c o m p on en ts and p a r t s . W o r k s w it h a m i n i m u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e . C o m p le t e d w o r k is r e v i e w e d b y d e s i g n o r i g i n a t o r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y w it h p r i o r e n g i n e e r i n g d e t e r m i n a t i o n s . M ay e it h e r p r e p a r e d r a w in g s , o r d ir e c t t h e ir p r e p a r a t io n b y lo w e r le v e l d r a ft s m e n . C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , B U S IN E S S w age sy stem s DRAFTSM AN C la s s C . M a k e s p r a c t i c a l a p p l ic a t io n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t i c e s a n d c o n c e p t s u s u a lly l e a r n e d in f o r m a l t r a i n i n g c o u r s e s . A s s i g n m e n t s a r e d e s i g n e d t o d e v e l o p c o m p e t e n c e in t h e a p p lic a t io n o f s ta n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s t o r o u t in e p r o b l e m s . R e c e iv e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on n e w a s p e c t s o f a s s i g n m e n t s ; a n d w o r k i s r e v i e w e d t o v e r i f y i t s a c c u r a c y a n d c o n f o r m a n c e w it h r e q u ir e d p r o c e d u r e s . F or le v e l C la s s C . W o r k s u n d e r im m e d ia t e s u p e r v is io n , c a r r y i n g o u t a n a ly s e s a s a s s i g n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c t iv it y . A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and ex p a n d p r a c t ic a l e x p e r ie n c e in t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f p r o c e d u r e s a n d s k i l l s r e q u i r e d f o r s y s t e m s a n a l y s i s w o r k . F o r e x a m p l e , m a y a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r i n g th e d e t a ile d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s r e q u ir e d b y p r o g r a m m e r s f r o m in fo r m a t io n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r le v e l a n a ly s t. OR or lo w e r OR W o r k s o n c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A ) u n d e r c l o s e d i r e c t i o n o f a h i g h e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r . M a y a s s i s t h i g h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n t l y p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d , and p e r f o r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt t a s k s u n d e r fa ir l y c lo s e d ir e c tio n . g u id e to a s sig n e d t o a s s is t. C la s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on r e l a t i v e l y s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s i m p l e s e g m e n t s o f c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r o d u c e d a ta in t w o o r t h r e e v a r i e d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s . R e p o rts an d li s t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d b y r e fin i n g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y i n g , o r m a k in g m in o r a d d it io n s t o o r d e l e t i o n s f r o m in p u t d a t a w h i c h a r e r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . W h ile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y b e p r o c e s s e d , t h e d a t a h a v e b e e n r e f i n e d in p r i o r a c t i o n s s o t h a t t h e a c c u r a c y a n d s e q u e n c i n g o f d a ta c a n b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a fe w r o u tin e c h e c k s . T y p i c a l l y , t h e p r o g r a m d e a l s w it h r o u tin e r e c o r d - k e e p i n g ty p e o p e r a t io n s . M ay d ir e c tio n W o r k s o n a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p le x d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e o r s y s t e m , a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t ly o n r o u t in e a s s i g n m e n t s an d r e c e i v e s in s t r u c t io n an d g u id a n c e on c o m p le x a s sig n m e n ts . W o r k i s r e v i e w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f j u d g m e n t , c o m p l i a n c e w it h i n s t r u c t i o n s , a n d t o i n s u r e p r o p e r a l i g n m e n t w it h t h e o v e r a l l s y s t e m . A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g i s d if f ic u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t m u s t b e o r g a n i z e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in t e r r e l a t e d bu t d iv e r s e p r o d u c t s f r o m n u m e r o u s an d d iv e r s e d a ta e le m e n t s . A w id e v a r i e t y a n d e x t e n s iv e n u m b e r o f in t e r n a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t io n s m u s t o c c u r . T h is r e q u ir e s s u c h a c t io n s a s d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w h ic h c a n b e r e u s e d , e s t a b lis h m e n t o f l i n k a g e p o i n t s b e t w e e n o p e r a t i o n s , a d j u s t m e n t s t o d a ta w h e n p r o g r a m r e q u i r e m e n t s e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c it y , a n d s u b s t a n t ia l m a n ip u la t io n a n d r e s e q u e n c in g o f d a ta e le m e n t s t o f o r m a h ig h ly in t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m . M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l d ir e c t io n t o lo w e r fu n c tio n a l C la s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n t ly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o n p r o b le m s th a t a r e r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p lic a t e d t o a n a ly z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , an d o p e r a t e . P r o b le m s a r e o f li m it e d c o m p l e x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f in p u t d a t a a r e h o m o g e n e o u s a n d t h e o u t p u t d a t a a r e c l o s e l y r e la te d . ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in t a in in g d e p o s i t o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k , m a in t a in in g a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e in a r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t , o r m a in ta in in g in v e n t o r y a c c o u n t s in a m a n u f a c t u r i n g o r w h o l e s a l e e s t a b l i s h m e n t . ) C o n f e r s w it h p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m i n e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s an d a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l o n th e im p lic a t io n s o f th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s to b e a p p lie d . D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p l o y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r th e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a t a p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w it h s c i e n t i f i c a n d /o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s . F or BUSINESS— C on tin u ed e v e r y it e m o f e a c h ty p e is a u t o m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th r o u g h th e f u ll s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s an d a p p r o p r i a t e f o l l o w u p a c t i o n s a r e i n i t i a t e d b y t h e c o m p u t e r . ) C o n f e r s w it h p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m in e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s an d a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p li c a t io n s o f n e w o r r e v i s e d s y s t e m s o f d a ta p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t io n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t io n s , i f n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s in s t a lla t io n s o r c h a n g e s a n d f o r o b ta in in g e q u ip m e n t. W o r k s o n v a r i o u s t y p e s o f e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t an d r e la t e d d e v i c e s b y p e r f o r m in g on e o r a c o m b in a t i o n o f th e f o ll o w in g : I n s t a llin g , m a in t a in in g , r e p a ir in g , o v e r h a u l in g , t r o u b le s h o o t in g , m o d ify in g , c o n s t r u c t in g , an d t e s t in g . W o rk r e q u ir e s p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a t io n o f t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e o f e l e c t r o n i c s p r i n c i p l e s , a b i l i t y t o d e t e r m i n e m a l f u n c t i o n s , a n d s k i l l t o p u t e q u i p m e n t in r e q u i r e d o p e r a t in g c o n d it io n . 29 E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C o n tin u ed E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C on tin u ed T h e e q u ip m e n t— c o n s i s t i n g o f e it h e r m a n y d if f e r e n t k in d s o f c i r c u i t s o r m u lt i p l e r e p e t it io n o f t h e s a m e k i n d o f c i r c u i t — i n c l u d e s , b u t i s n o t l i m i t e d t o , th e f o l l o w i n g : ( a ) E l e c t r o n i c t r a n s m it t in g a n d r e c e i v i n g e q u ip m e n t ( e . g . , r a d a r , r a d io , t e l e v i s i o n , t e le p h o n e , s o n a r , n a v ig a t io n a l a i d s ) , (b ) d ig i t a l a n d a n a lo g c o m p u t e r s , an d ( c ) in d u s t r ia l a n d m e d i c a l m e a s u r in g a n d c o n t r o ll in g e q u ip m e n t . R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e k t e c h n ic ia n , a n d w o r k i s r e v i e w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p l i a n c e w it h a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s a n d w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s . M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e to lo w e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s . C la s s C . A p p l i e s w o r k i n g t e c h n i c a l k n o w l e d g e t o p e r f o r m s i m p l e o r r o u t i n e t a s k s in w o r k i n g o n e l e c t r o n i c e q u i p m e n t , f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d I n s t r u c t i o n s w h ic h c o v e r v i r t u a l l y a l l p rocedu res. W o rk t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s s u ch ta s k s a s : A s s is t in g h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n s b y p e r f o r m i n g s u c h a c t i v i t i e s a s r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir i n g c i r c u i t s , a n d ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t ; a n d p s in g t o o l s a n d c o m m o n t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ( e . g . , m u l t i m e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is n o t r e q u i r e d t o b e f a m i l i a r w it h t h e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c i r c u i t s . T h i s k n o w l e d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a s s i g n m e n t s d e s i g n e d t o i n c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e ( i n c l u d i n g c l a s s r o o m t r a in i n g ) s o t h a t w o r k e r c a n a d v a n c e to h ig h e r le v e l te c h n ic ia n . T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c l u d e s r e p a ir m e n o f s u c h s t a n d a r d e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t a s c o m m o n o f f i c e m a c h in e s a n d h o u s e h o ld r a d io an d t e le v is io n s e t s ; p r o d u c t io n a s s e m b l e r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u ty i s s e r v i c i n g e l e c t r o n i c t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ; t e c h n ic i a n s w h o h a v e a d m in is t r a tiv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y : and d r a fts m e n , d e s ig n e r s , and p r o fe s s io n a l e n g in e e r s . P o s itio n s are c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls o n th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s . C la s s A . A p p l ie s a d v a n c e d t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e t o s o lv e u n u s u a lly c o m p l e x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y c a n n o t b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y r e f e r e n c e to m a n u f a c t u r e r s 1 m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k in g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t . E x a m p le s o f s u c h p r o b le m s in c lu d e lo c a t io n an d d e n s it y o f c ir c u i t r y , e le c t r o - m a g n e t ic r a d ia tio n , is o la t in g m a lfu n c t io n s , and fr e q u e n t e n g i n e e r in g c h a n g e s . W o r k i n v o lv e s : A d e t a ile d u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g in d e p e n d e n t ju d g m e n t in p e r f o r m in g s u c h t a s k s a s m a k in g c i r c u i t a n a l y s e s , c a l c u l a t i n g w a v e f o r m s , t r a c i n g r e l a t i o n s h i p s in s i g n a l f l o w ; a n d r e g u l a r l y u s in g c o m p l e x t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ( e . g . , d u a l t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia t io n m e t e r s , p u ls e g e n e ra to rs ). W o rk m a y b e r e v ie w e d b y s u p e r v is o r (fr e q u e n tly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p l i a n c e w it h a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s . M a y p r o v i d e t e c h n i c a l g u i d a n c e t o l o w e r l e v e l t e c h n i c i a n s . C la s s B . A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i .e ., t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y c a n b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y p r o p e r l y in t e r p r e t in g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) i n w o r k i n g o n e l e c t r o n i c e q u i p m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s : A f a m i l i a r i t y w it h th e in t e r r e l a t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; a n d ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m in in g w o r k s e q u e n c e a n d in s e le c t in g t o o l s a n d t e s t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s , u s u a l l y l e s s c o m p l e x th a n t h o s e u s e d b y t h e c l a s s A t e c h n i c i a n . R e c e iv e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n . W o rk is t y p ic a lly s p o t c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e t a ile d r e v ie w w h en n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n ts a r e in v o lv e d . N U R SE , IN D U S T R IA L (R e g is te r e d ) A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v ic e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c t io n t o i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o th e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e il l o r s u ffe r an a c c id e n t o n th e p r e m is e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . D u t ie s i n v o l v e a c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : G i v in g f i r s t a id t o t h e i l l o r i n j u r e d ; a t t e n d in g t o s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e s ' i n j u r i e s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a t i e n t s t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r i n g a c c i d e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t i o n o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; ' a s s i s t i n g in p h y s i c a l e x a m i n a t i o n s a n d h e a l t h e v a l u a t i o n s o f a p p l i c a n t s a n d e m p l o y e e s ; a n d p la n n in g a n d c a r r y in g o u t p r o g r a m s i n v o l v i n g h e a lt h e d u c a t i o n , a c c i d e n t p r e v e n t i o n , e v a l u a t i o n o f p la n t e n v i r o n m e n t , o r o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a f f e c t in g th e h e a lth , w e l f a r e , a n d s a fe t y o f a ll p e r s o n n e l . N u r s in g s u p e r v i s o r s o r h e a d n u r s e s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e t h a n o n e n u r s e a r e e x c l u d e d . MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, M A IN T E N A N C E F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y P e r f o r m s t h e c a r p e n t r y d u t i e s n e c e s s a r y t o c o n s t r u c t a n d m a i n t a i n in g o o d r e p a i r b u i l d in g w o o d w o r k a n d e q u i p m e n t s u c h a s b i n s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , a n d t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g a n d la y in g o u t o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t io n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o l s , p o r t a b l e p o w e r t o o l s , a n d s t a n d a r d m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t i n g t o d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; a n d s e le c t in g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e . E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e f u n c t io n s s u c h a s th e in s t a ll a t io n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r r e p a i r o f e q u i p m e n t f o r t h e g e n e r a t i o n , d i s t r i b u t i o n , o r u t i l i z a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in a n e s t a b li s h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g a n y o f a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a tin g u n it s , c o n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o t h e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , l a y o u t s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; l o c a t i n g a n d d i a g n o s i n g t r o u b l e in t h e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k in g s t a n d a r d c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t i n g t o lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t ; a n d u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d t o o l s a n d m e a s u r i n g a n d t e s t i n g in s tr u m e n ts . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y O p e r a t e s an d m a in ta in s an d m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e o p e r a t io n o f s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s and e q u i p m e n t ( m e c h a n i c a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) t o s u p p l y t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h i c h e m p l o y e d w it h p o w e r , h e a t, r e fr ig e r a t io n , o r a ir -c o n d itio n in g . W ork in v o lv e s : O p e r a t in g a n d m a in t a in in g e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s s te a m e n g in e s , a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n tila tin g a n d r e f r i g e r a t in g e q u ip m e n t , s t e a m b o i l e r s a n d b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; an d k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , an d fu e l c o n s u m p t io n . M a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e s e o p e r a tio n s . H e a d o r c h i e f e n g i n e e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e th a n o n e e n g in e e r a r e e x c lu d e d . B O IL E R F i r e s s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r s t o f u r n i s h t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h ic h e m p l o y e d w it h h e a t , p o w e r , o r s t e a m . F e e d s fu e ls t o f ir e b y h an d o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o il b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a te r and s a fe ty v a lv e s . M a y c l e a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a i r i n g b o i l e r r o o m e q u i p m e n t . H ELPER, M A IN T E N A N C E TRADES A s s i s t s o n e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in t h e s k i l l e d m a i n t e n a n c e t r a d e s , b y p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u t i e s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u c h a s k e e p i n g a w o r k e r s u p p l i e d w it h m a t e r i a l s a n d t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e , a n d e q u ip m e n t; a s s i s t i n g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r ia l s o r t o o ls ; an d p e r f o r m in g o t h e r u n s k ille d ta s k s a s d ir e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n . T h e k in d o f w o r k th e h e l p e r i s p e r m i t t e d t o p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e t o t r a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s t h e h e l p e r i s c o n f i n e d t o s u p p l y i n g , l i f t i n g , a n d h o l d i n g m a t e r i a l s a n d t o o l s , a n d c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g a r e a s ; a n d in o t h e r s h e is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h i n e o p e r a t i o n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th a t a r e a l s o p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is . M A C H I N E -T O O L OPERATOR, TOOLROOM S p e c i a l i z e s in th e o p e r a t io n o f o n e o r m o r e t y p e s o f m a c h in e t o o l s , s u c h as j i g b o r e r s , c y lin d r ic a l o r s u r fa c e g r in d e r s , e n g in e la t h e s , o r m i l l i n g m a c h i n e s , in t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , g a u g e s , j i g s , f i x t u r e s , o r d i e s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n i n g an d p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s ; p r o c e s s in g it e m s r e q u ir in g c o m p lic a t e d s e tu p s o r a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l i n g , a n d o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e ; a n d m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s d u r in g o p e r a t i o n to a c h ie v e r e q u is ite t o le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s . M ay b e r e q u ir e d to r e c o g n iz e w hen t o o ls n eed d r e s s i n g , t o d r e s s t o o l s , a n d t o s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s a n d c u ttin g a n d lu b r ic a t in g o i l s . For c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s t u d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m , in t o o l a n d d i e j o b b i n g s h o p s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th is c la s s if ic a t i o n . M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E P r o d u c e s r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s a n d n e w p a r t s in m a k i n g r e p a i r s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r it t e n i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; p la n n in g a n d l a y i n g o u t o f w o r k ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t ' s 30 M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E — C on tin u ed P A IN T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E h a n d t o o ls a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e ttin g up a n d o p e r a t in g s ta n d a r d m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s t o c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t i n g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o li n g , f e e d s , an d s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f t h e c o m m o n m e t a l s ; s e l e c t i n g s t a n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , a n d e q u i p m e n t r e q u i r e d f o r h is w o r k ; a n d f it t in g a n d a s s e m b l in g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t . In g e n e r a l , t h e m a c h i n i s t ’ s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g , and e x p e r ie n c e . P a in t s a n d r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , a n d f i x t u r e s o f a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s t h e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w l e d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s a n d t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u i r e d f o r d i f f e r e n t a p p l i c a t i o n s : p r e p a r i n g s u r f a c e f o r p a in t in g b y r e m o v i n g o l d f i n i s h o r b y p l a c i n g p u t t y o r f i l l e r in n a il h o l e s a n d i n t e r s t i c e s ; a n d a p p l y i n g p a in t w it h s p r a y g u n o r b r u s h . M a y m i x c o l o r s , o i l s , w h it e l e a d , a n d o t h e r p a in t i n g r e d i e n t s t o o b t a i n p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . P IP E F IT T E R , M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E R e p a ir s a u t o m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , an d t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in v o l v e s m o s t o f t h e _ f o U o w i n j [ : E x a m in in g a u t o m o t iv e e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d i s a s s e m b l in g e q u ip m e n t a n d p e r f o r m in g r e p a i r s th a t in v o lv e th e u s e o f s u c h h a n d to o ls a s w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u i p m e n t in d i s a s s e m b l i n g o r f i t t i n g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r in d in g a n d a d ju s t in g v a l v e s ; r e a s s e m b l in g an d in s t a llin g th e v a r i o u s a s s e m b l i e s in t h e v e h i c l e a n d m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t s ; a n d a l i g n i n g w h e e l s , a d ju s t i n g b r a k e s a n d l i g h t s , o r t i g h t e n i n g b o d y b o l t s . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e a u t o m o t i v e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e . T h is m o b ile c la s s ific a tio n r e p a ir M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E (M a in te n a n c e ) does n o t in c lu d e m e c h a n i c s w ho r e p a ir I n s t a l l s o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r t y p e s o f p ip e a n d p i p e f i t t i n g s in tin e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : L a y in g ou t o f w o r k and m e a s u r in g to lo c a te p o s i t i o n o f p i p e f r o m d r a w i n g s o r o t h e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; c u t t in g v a r i o u s s i z e s o f p i p e t o c o r r e c t le n g t h s w it h c h i s e l a n d h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y l e n e t o r c h o r p i p e - c u t t i n g m a c h i n e s ; t h r e a d i n g p i p e w it h s t o c k s a n d d i e s ; b e n d in g p i p e b y h a n d - d r i v e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h i n e s ; a s s e m b l i n g p i p e w it h c o u p l i n g s a n d f a s t e n i n g p ip e t o h a n g e r s : m a k i n g s t a n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o p r e s s u r e s , f l o w , a n d s i z e o f p ip e r e q u i r e d ; a n d m a k i n g s t a n d a r d t e s t s t o d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r f i n is h e d p ip e s m e e t s p e c i f i c a t i o n s . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e p i p e f i t t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . W o r k e r s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in i n s t a l l i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g b u il d i n g s a n it a t io n o r h e a tin g s y s t e m s a r e e x c l u d e d . c u s t o m e r s ' v e h i c l e s in a u t o S H E E T -M E T A L shops. M A IN T E N A N C E R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s a n d m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d i s m a n t l i n g o r p a r t l y d i s m a n t l i n g m a c h i n e s a n d p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t m a i n l y i n v o l v e t h e u s e o f h a n d t o o l s in s c r a p i n g a n d f i t t i n g p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s w it h i t e m s o b t a i n e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f a r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h i n e s h o p o r s e n d i n g o f th e m a c h in e to a m a c h in e sh o p f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w r it t e n s p e c ific a t io n s f o r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f p a r ts o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e s h o p ; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a l l n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s f o r o p e r a t i o n . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f a m a i n t e n a n c e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u tie s i n v o l v e s e t t i n g u p o r a d ju s t i n g m a c h i n e s . M IL L W R IG H T I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t , a n d d is m a n t le s a n d in s t a ll s m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u i p m e n t w h e n c h a n g e s in t h e p la n t l a y o u t a r e r e q u i r e d . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : P la n n i n g a n d l a y i n g o u t o f t h e w o r k ; i n t e r p r e t i n g b l u e p r i n t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o ls a n d r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t i n g t o s t r e s s e s , s t r e n g t h o f m a t e r i a l s , a n d c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g an d b a la n c in g o f e q u ip m e n t; s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t , a n d p a r t s t o b e u s e d ; an d in s t a llin g an d m a in t a in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u i p m e n t s u c h a s d r i v e s a n d s p e e d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l , t h e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a in i n g a n d e x p e r ie n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , a n d m a i n t a i n s in g o o d r e p a i r t h e s h e e t - m e t a l e q u ip m e n t a n d f i x t u r e s (s u c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e lv e s , lo c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t ila t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e ta l r o o f in g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o ll o w in g : P la n n i n g a n d l a y i n g o u t a l l t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a i n t e n a n c e w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; s e t t in g u p a n d o p e r a t i n g a l l a v a i l a b l e t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e s ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o ls in c u ttin g , b e n d in g , f o r m in g , s h a p in g , fit t in g , an d a s s e m b l in g ; an d in s t a llin g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s a s r e q u ir e d . In g e n e r a l , t h e w o r k o f t h e m a i n t e n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . TOOL AND D IE M A K E R C o n s t r u c t s an d r e p a ir s m a c h in e -s h o p t o o ls , g a u g e s , j i g s , fix t u r e s o r d ie s f o r fo r g in g s , p u n c h in g , a n d o t h e r m e t a l - f o r m i n g w o r k . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o ll o w in g : P la n n i n g a n d la y in g o u t o f w o r k f r o m m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r o t h e r o r a l an d w r it t e n s p e c i f ic a t io n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f t o o l an d d ie m a k e r 's h a n d to o ls an d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a l s a n d a l l o y s ; s e t t in g u p a n d o p e r a t i n g o f m a c h in e t o o l s a n d r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g t o d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , s p e e d s , f e e d s , a n d t o o li n g o f m a c h in e s ; h e a t - t r e a t in g o f m e t a l p a r t s d u r in g fa b r ic a t i o n a s w e ll a s o f f in is h e d t o o ls an d d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a lit ie s ; w o r k in g to c l o s e t o le r a n c e s ; fit t in g a n d a s s e m b l in g o f p a r t s to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s an d a ll o w a n c e s ; an d s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , a n d p r o c e s s e s . In g e n e r a l , t h e t o o l a n d d i e m a k e r ' s w o r k r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p a n d t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e . sh ops F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . to o l and d ie m ak ers in t o o l an d d ie jo b b in g CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEM ENT GUARD AND L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L W ATCHM EN G u a r d . P e r f o r m s r o u t in e p o l i c e d u tie s , e it h e r at fix e d p o s t o r o n t o u r , m a in ta in in g o r d e r , u s in g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . I n c lu d e s g a t e m e n w h o a r e s t a t io n e d a t g a te and c h e c k o n id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s an d o th e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g . W a tch m a n . th e ft] JA N IT O R , and ille g a l M akes rou n d s o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a lly in p r o t e c t in g p rop erty a g a in s t f i r e , e n try . PO R TE R , OR H A N D L IN G A w o r k e r e m p l o y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t , s t o r e , o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t w h o s e d u t ie s in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L o a d in g a n d u n lo a d in g v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s and m e r c h a n d is e o n o r f r o m fr e ig h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t i n g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e lv in g , o r p l a c i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e l o c a t i o n ; a n d t r a n s p o r t i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e b y h a n d t r u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w . L o n g s h o r e m e n , w h o l o a d a n d u n lo a d s h i p s a r e e x c lu d e d . CLEANER ORDER C l e a n s a n d k e e p s in a n o r d e r l y c o n d i t i o n f a c t o r y w o r k i n g a r e a s a n d w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , an d p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s , t r a s h , a n d o t h e r r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, fu r n it u r e , o r f ix t u r e s : p o lis h in g m e t a l f i x t u r e s o r t r im m i n g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s a n d m in o r m a in t e n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; a n d c le a n i n g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , a n d r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s w h o s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c l u d e d . 31 F IL L E R F i l l s s h ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r f in i s h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w it h s p e c i f i c a t i o n s o n s a l e s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o t h e r i n s t r u c t i o n s . M a y , in a d d i t io n t o fi l l i n g o r d e r s a n d in d ic a t in g it e m s f i l l e d o r o m it t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u t g o in g o r d e r s , r e q u i s i t i o n a d d i t i o n a l s t o c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p l i e s t o s u p e r v i s o r , a n d p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t e d d u tie ^ .-" P A C K E R , S H IP P IN G T R U C K D R IV E R — C on tin u ed P r e p a r e s f in i s h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g th e m in s h ip p in g c o n t a i n e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p e n d e n t u p on th e t y p e , s i z e , an d n u m b e r o f u n it s t o b e p a c k e d , t h e t y p e o f c o n t a i n e r e m p l o y e d , a n d m e t h o d o f s h i p m e n t . W o r k r e q u i r e s th e p la c in g o f it e m s in s h ip p in g c o n t a in e r s an d m a y in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w l e d g e o f v a r i o u s i t e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r t o v e r i f y c o n t e n t ; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r i a t e t y p e a n d s i z e o f c o n t a i n e r ; i n s e r t i n g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a i n e r ; u s i n g e x c e l s i o r o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l t o p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c l o s i n g a n d s e a lin g c o n t a in e r ; an d a p p ly in g la b e l s o r e n t e r in g id e n tify in g d a ta o n c o n t a in e r . P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m a k e w ood en b o x e s o r c r a te s a r e e x c lu d e d . S H IP P IN G AND R E C E IV IN G fo llo w s : F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s a r e c l a s s if ie d by s iz e and ty p e ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r s h o u ld b e r a t e d o n th e b a s is o f t r a i l e r c a p a c it y .) T T T T T r u c k d r iv e r (c o m b in a t io n o f s iz e s lis t e d s e p a r a t e ly ) r u c k d r i v e r , l i g h t ( u n d e r lV z t o n s ) r u c k d r i v e r , m e d i u m ( I V 2 t o a n d in c l u d i n g 4 t o n s ) r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a ile r ty p e) r u c k d r i v e r , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 t o n s , o t h e r th a n t r a i l e r t y p e ) CLERK TRUCKER, P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d i s e f o r s h i p m e n t , o r r e c e i v e s a n d is r e s p o n s i b l e f o r i n c o m i n g s h i p m e n t s o f m e r c h a n d i s e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s . S h ip p i n g w o r k i n v o l v e s : A k n o w l e d g e o f s h i p p i n g p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t ic e s , r o u t e s , a v a ila b le m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t io n , and r a t e s ; an d p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f t h e g o o d s s h i p p e d , m a k i n g u p b i l l s o f l a d i n g , p o s t i n g w e i g h t a n d s h ip p i n g c h a r g e s , a n d k e e p i n g a f i l e o f s h ip p in g r e c o r d s . M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g th e m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t. R e c e i v i n g w o r k i n v o l v e s ; V e r i f y i n g o r d i r e c t i n g o t h e r s in v e r i f y i n g t h e c o r r e c t n e s s o f s h i p m e n t s a g a in s t b il ls o f la d in g , i n v o i c e s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k i n g f o r s h o r t a g e s a n d r e je c t i n g d a m a g e d g o o d s ; r o u tin g m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; a n d m a in t a in in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and file s . F or w age stu d y p u r p o s e s , w ork ers are c la s s ifie d as POW ER O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t g o o d s a n d m a t e r i a l s o f a l l k i n d s a b o u t a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t , o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , T ru cker, T ru cker, w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d by typ e o f tr u c k , as fo llo w s : p o w e r (fo r k lift) p o w e r ( o t h e r th a n f o r k l i f t ) W AREH O U SEM AN fo llo w s : R e c e iv in g c le r k S h ip p i n g c l e r k S h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k T R U C K D R IV E R D r i v e s a t r u c k w it h i n a c i t y o r i n d u s t r i a l a r e a t o t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t , o r m e n b e t w e e n v a r i o u s t y p e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s u c h a s : M a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t s , f r e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o le s a le and r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a il e s t a b lis h m e n t s an d c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s i n e s s . M a y a l s o l o a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w it h o r w it h o u t h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n i c a l r e p a i r s , a n d k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o r k i n g o r d e r . D r iv e r -s a le s m e n and o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s a re e x clu d e d . o f e q u ip m e n t , a s A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s w h ic h r e q u ir e an u n d e r s ta n d in g o f t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p l a n . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o ll o w in g : V e r ify in g m a t e r ia l s ( o r m e r c h a n d i s e ) a g a i n s t r e c e i v i n g d o c u m e n t s , n o t in g a n d r e p o r t i n g d i s c r e p a n c i e s a n d o b v i o u s d a m a g e s ; r o u t in g m a t e r i a l s t o p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e lo c a t i o n s ; s t o r in g , s t a c k in g , o r p a lle t i z in g m a t e r i a l s i n a c c o r d a n c e w it h p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g i n g a n d t a k i n g i n v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r ia l s ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls an d r e p o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e : r e m o v in g m a t e r ia l fr o m s t o r a g e a n d p r e p a r i n g it f o r s h i p m e n t . M a y o p e r a t e h a n d o r p o w e r t r u c k s in p e r fo r m in g w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s . E x c l u d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y 'd u t i e s i n v o l v e s h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g w o r k ( s e e s h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k a n d p a c k e r , s h ip p in g ), o r d e r f il lin g ( s e e o r d e r f i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r tr u c k s (s e e t r u c k e r , p o w e r ). 32 Area Wage Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins or bulletin supplements is presented below. A directory of area wage studies including more limited studies conducted at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the Department of Labor is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from any of the BLS regional offices shown on the back cover, or from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402. Bulletin supplements may be obtained, without cost, only from BLS regional offices. Area Akron, Ohio, Dec. 1973 1____________________________________ Albany— Schenectady— Troy, N.Y., Mar. 1973 1 _______________ Albuquerque, N. Mex., Mar. 1973____________________________ Allentown— Bethlehem— Easton, Pa.— N.J., May 1973------------ __ Atlanta, Ga., May 1973____________________________ __ _______ Austin, Tex., Dec. 1973______________________________________ Baltimore, Md., Aug. 197 3__ ...______________________________ Beaumont— Port Arthui^Orange, Tex., May 1973 1 __________ Binghamton, N.Y.— Pa., July 1973 1____ ______________________ Birmingham, Ala., Mar. 1973 1______________________________ Boise City, Idaho, Nov. 1973________________________________ Boston, M ass., Aug. 1973___ __ _____________________________ Buffalo, N.Y., Oct. 1973_____________________________________ Burlington, V t., Dec. 1973___________________________________ Canton, Ohio, May 1973______________________________________ Charleston, W. V a., Mar. 1973______________________________ Charlotte, N.C., Jan. 1974__________________ _________________ Chattanooga, Tenn.-Ga., Sept. 1973_________________________ Chicago, 111., May 1973___________________________ ___________ Cincinnati, Ohio— Ky.— Ind., Feb. 1973________________________ Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1973__________________________________ Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 1973___________ — ______________________ Dallas, Tex., Oct. 1973______________________________________ Davenport— Rock Island— Moline, Iowa— 111., Feb. 1973___ __ ._ _ Dayton, Ohio, Dec. 197 3_____________________________________ Denver, Colo., Dec. 1973____________________________________ Des Moines, Iowa, May 1973__________________ __________ _____ Detroit, Mich., Mar. 1973 1__________________________________ Durham, N.C., Dec. 1973 1 ___________________________________ Fort Lauderdale— Hollywood and West Palm Beach, Fla., Apr. 1973_____________________________________ Fort Worth, Tex., Oct. 1973--------------------------------------------------Green Bay, W is., July 1973--------------------- -----------------------------Greenville, S.C., May 1973 1_____________ _____________ _____ Houston, Tex., Apr. 1973______ ___________________ ____ _______ Huntsville, Ala., Feb. 1973-------------------------------,-------------------Indianapolis, Ind., Oct, 197 3_____________ -___________________ Jackson, M iss., Jan. 1973----------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------Jacksonville, Fla., Dec. 1973 1 Kansas City, Mo.— Kans., Sept. 1973 1________________________ Lawrence— Haverhill, Mass.— N.H., June 1973_ _____ _______ _ Lexington, Ky., Nov. 1973________________________________ ___ Little Rock— North Little Rock, Ark., July 1973______._______ Los Angeles— Long Beach and Anaheim— Santa AnaGarden Grove, Calif., Oct. 197 3____ _________________ _____ Louisville, Ky.— Ind., Nov. 1973______________________________ Lubbock, Tex., Mar. 1973-----------------------------------------------------Manchester, N.H., July 1973________________________________ Melbourne— Titusville— Cocoa, Fla., Aug. 1973 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bulletin number and price 1795-10, 1775-62, 1775-52, 1775-90, 1775-79, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-82, 1795-1, 1775-65, Suppl. Suppl. Suppl. Suppl. 1775-73, 1775-74, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-88, 1775-53, Suppl. Suppl. Suppl. 1775-57, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-72, 1775-89, 1795-9, 65 cents 55 cents 40 cents 50 cents 40 cents Free F ree 40 cents 55 cents 55 cents F ree F ree F ree F ree 40 cents 40 cents F ree F ree 50 cents 50 cents F ree F ree F ree 40 cents F ree F ree 40 cents 80 cents 65 cents 1775-64, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-86, 1775-71, 1775-48, Suppl. 1775-44, 1795-8, 1794-4, 1775-93, Suppl. Suppl. 40 cents F ree F ree 40 cents 50 cents 40 cents Free 40 cents 65 cents 80 cents 50 cents F ree F ree Suppl. Suppl. 1775-55, Suppl. Free F ree 40 cents Free 1795-2, 55 cents D a ta o n e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p ro v is io n s are a ls o p resen ted . Area Memphis, Term.— Ark., Nov. 1972____________________________ Miami, Fla., Nov. 197 3_______________ ______________________ Midland and Odessa, Tex., Jan. 1974________________________ Milwaukee, W is., May 1973__________________________________ Minneapolis— St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1974_____________________ Muskegon— Muskegon Heights, Mich., June 1973_____________ Newark and Jersey City, N.J., Jan. 1973____________________ New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1974________________________________ New Orleans, La., Jan. 1973____ ____________________________ New York, N.Y., Apr. 1973__________________________________ Norfolk— Virginia Beach-Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va., Jan. 1973 1 _________________ Oklahoma City, Okla., July 197 3--------------------------------------- ____ Omaha, Nebr.— Iowa, Sept. 1973______________________________ Paterson— Clifton— Passaic, N.J., June 1973_________________ Philadelphia, Pa.— N.J., Nov. 1972_________ __________________ Phoenix, A riz., June 1973__________________________ _________ Pittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 1973 1_________________________________ Portland, Maine, Nov. 1973 1________________________________ Portland, Oreg.— Wash., May 1973_ ,___________ ____________ _ Poughkeepsie— Kingston— Newburgh, N.Y., June 1973_________ Providence— Warwick— Pawtucket, R.I.— Mass., Raleigh, N.C., Dec. 1973 1___________- - __ ,__________________ Richmond, Va., Mar. 1973___ — _____________________________ Riverside— San Bernardino— Ontario, Calif., Rockford, 111., June 1973____________________________________ St. Louis, Mo.— 111., Mar. 1973 1 _____________________________ Salt Lake City, Utah, Nov. 197 3________________________ ____ San Antonio, Tex., May 1973________________________________ San Diego, Calif., Nov. 197 3____________________ _____ _______ San Francisco— Oakland, Calif., Mar. 1973_____ _____________ San Jose, Calif., Mar. 1973_ ______________________________ _ Savannah, Ga., May 1973_________________ __________________ Scranton, Pa., July 1973 1____________________________________ Seattle— Everett, Wash., Jan. 1973______ ____________________ Sioux Falls, S. Dak., Dec. 1973_________________________ ____ South Bend, Ind., Mar. 1973_________________________________ Spokane, Wash., June 1973_________________ _________________ Tampa— St. Petersburg, Fla., Aug. 1973_____________________ Toledo, Ohio— Mich., Apr. 1973______________________________ Trenton, N.J., Sept. 1973______________ ______________________ Washington, D.C.— Md.— Va., Mar. 1973______________________ Waterbury, Conn., Mar. 1973_______________________________ Waterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1973 1 ____ _______________________ _____ Wichita, Kans., Apr. 1973____________ _____________ ________ Worcester, Mass., May 1973____ _____________ _______________ York, Pa., Feb. 1973________________________________________ Youngstown— Warren, Ohio, Nov. 1973____ __________________ Bulletin number and price 1775-30, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-83, Suppl. 1775-91, 1775-50, Suppl. 1775-47, 1775-94, 40 cents Free F ree 40 cents F ree 50 cents 55 cents F ree 40 cents 50 cents 1775-51, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-92, 1775-45, 1775-96, 1775-67, 1795-6, 1775-87, 1775-85, 50 cents Free Free 55 cents 55 cents 50 cents 75 cents 65 cents 35 cents 35 cents 1775-84, 35 cents 1795-7, 65 cents 1775-68, 40 cents Suppl. 1775-80, 1775-69, Suppl. 1775-78, Suppl. 1775-81, 1775-66, 1775-77, 1795-3, 1775-56, Suppl. 1775-54, 1775-95, Suppl. 1775-63, Suppl. 1775-75, 1775-58, 1795-5, 1775-70, 1775-76, 1775-59, Suppl. Free 35 cents 75 cents Free 35 cents Free 40 cents 40 cents 40 cents 55 cents 40 cents Free 40 cents 50 cents Free 40 cents Free 50 cents 40 cents 60 cents 40 cents 40 cents 40 cents Free POSTAGE AND FEES PAID U.S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS WASHINGTON, D C. 20212 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LAB 441 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300 U.S. MAIL THIRD CLASS MAIL B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S Region I 1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6761 (Area Code 617) Connecticut Maine Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Vermont Region II Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212) Region V 8th Floor, 300 South Wacker Drive Chicago, III. 60606 Phone: 353-1880 (Area Code 312) Illinois Indiana Michigan Minnesota Ohio Wisconsin Region VI 1100 Commerce St. Rm. 6B7 Dallas, Tex. 75202 Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214) Arkansas Louisiana New Mexico Oklahoma Texas New Jersey New York Puerto Rico Virgin Islands Region III P.O. Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa. 19101 Phone: 597-1154 (Area Code 215) Delaware District of Columbia Maryland Pennsylvania Virginia West Virginia Region IV Suite 540 1371 Peachtree St. N.E. Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404) Alabama Florida Georgia Kentucky Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee Regions VII and VIII Federal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 15th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816) VII VIII Iowa Colorado Kansas Montana Missouri North Dakota Nebraska South Dakota Utah Wyoming Regions IX and X 450 Golden Gate Ave. Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415) IX X Alaska Arizona Idaho California Oregon Hawaii Washington Nevada
