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Technical information: ( 202) 691-6567 http://www.bls.gov/cew/ Media contact: 691-5902 USDL 02-625 For release: 10:00 A.M. EST Friday, November 8, 2002 AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, 2001 Average annual pay of employees in the nation's 318 metropolitan areas increased by 2.4 percent from 2000 to 2001, according to preliminary data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The over-the-year gain was smaller than last year's gain of 6.1 percent and was the lowest increase since 1994. Annual pay in metropolitan areas averaged $37,897 in 2001, up from $37,017 in 2000. Average annual pay for the entire nation, metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas combined, was $36,214 in 2001, a 2.5 percent increase from 2000. (Average Annual Pay by State and Industry, 2001, was issued on September 24, 2002, in USDL 02-540.) Average annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by employers subject to state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) laws covering 129.7 million full- and part-time jobs. Average annual pay is computed by dividing the total annual payrolls of employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number of these employees. (See Technical Note.) Pay differences between areas reflect the varying composition of employment by occupation, industry, and hours of work, as well as other factors. Similarly, over-the-year pay changes may reflect shifts in these characteristics, as well as changes in the level of average pay. Table 1 of this release contains pay data for Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas within the United States and Puerto Rico; table 2 includes averages and rankings for the areas designated as Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (See Technical Note for definitions.) The data for the six metropolitan areas within Puerto Rico are not included in the averages for all metropolitan areas. Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas San Jose, Calif., retained its position as the metropolitan area with the highest average annual pay ($65,926), a position it has held since 1997. This area held this position despite experiencing the largest decline (-13.5 percent) in average annual pay among the 10 metropolitan areas with decreases in 2001. (See table 1.) Large declines in the information and manufacturing sectors contributed to this year's sharp decrease in San Jose. San Francisco, Calif., had the second highest average annual pay level ($59,761), followed by New York, N.Y. ($58,963), New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, Conn. ($52,177), and Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J. ($49,830). Average pay levels in these five metropolitan areas ranged from 31 to 74 percent above the average for all metropolitan areas in the nation. Of the 318 metropolitan areas in the nation, 34 reported average annual pay levels above the national metropolitan pay average of $37,897. Jacksonville, N.C., had the lowest average annual pay among metropolitan areas in 2001 ($21,393). The second lowest pay occurred in BrownsvilleHarlingen-San Benito, Texas ($22,146), followed by McAllen-EdinburgMission, Texas ($22,317), Yuma, Ariz. ($22,482), and Myrtle Beach, S.C. ($24,012). While the order of rankings has differed in prior years, these five metropolitan areas have had the lowest average annual pay since 1996. (Comparisons exclude areas within Puerto Rico.) - 2 The largest percentage increase in average annual pay from 2000 to 2001 occurred in Lafayette, La. (8.1 percent). The next largest increase occurred in Dutchess County, N.Y. (7.4 percent). Four metropolitan areas reported 6.8 percent increases in average annual pay: Enid, Okla., Fresno, Calif., Odessa-Midland, Texas, and Pensacola, Fla. In 2001, 90 metropolitan areas experienced less than average growth in average annual pay. Of these, 6 metropolitan areas had growth of approximately 1 percent and 13 metropolitan areas experienced growth of less than 1 percent; 1 metropolitan area reported no change in average annual pay. Two metropolitan areas reported declines of less than 1 percent in average annual pay, seven metropolitan areas reported declines of more than 1 percent but less than 10 percent, and one metropolitan area reported a decline of more than 10 percent. Comparison of Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas Average annual pay within the nation's nonmetropolitan areas rose by 3.3 percent in 2001, compared with 2.4 percent in metropolitan areas. This is the first time since 1994 that growth in total nonmetropolitan average annual pay outpaced that of metropolitan area average annual pay. (See Technical Note). Average annual pay in nonmetropolitan areas in 2001 was $28,190, up from $27,303 in 2000. In 2001, nonmetropolitan average annual pay was 26 percent less than metropolitan average annual pay, a difference of $9,707. This was approximately the same difference as in 2000. Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas Average annual pay for the nation's 18 Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSAs) rose by 1.8 percent from 2000 to 2001, from $42,641 to $43,424. (See table 2.) This was lower than the previous year's growth rate of 7.3 percent. The San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif., consolidated metropolitan area again had the highest pay level, $54,182. This CMSA has led the country in average annual pay among CMSAs since 1998. The second highest pay level was found in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.Conn.-Pa. ($51,121), followed by Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H. ($45,768), Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va. ($44,242), and Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash. ($42,251). Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla., had the lowest average annual pay level ($34,304) of the consolidated metropolitan areas in the nation for the eighth consecutive year. Cleveland-Akron, Ohio, had the second lowest ($34,945), followed by Milwaukee-Racine, Wis. ($35,470), CincinnatiHamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind. ($35,561), and Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash. ($36,111). Among the consolidated metropolitan areas, the highest percentage increase in average annual pay from 2000 to 2001 was in Washington-Baltimore, D.C.Md.-Va.-W.Va., at 5.0 percent. The next largest increases were in HoustonGalveston-Brazoria, Texas (4.4 percent), and Sacramento-Yolo, Calif. (4.1 percent). Three consolidated metropolitan areas reported increases in average annual pay of 3.0 percent: Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla., Milwaukee-Racine, Wis., and Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, Pa.-N.J.-Del.-Md. - 3 San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif., was the only consolidated metropolitan area that reported a decline in average annual pay in 2001, falling by 4.2 percent. This was attributed to the decline in average annual pay for the San Jose, Calif., MSA. The smallest percentage increases occurred in Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich. (0.5 percent), Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash. (0.6 percent), Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash. (0.7 percent), Denver-BoulderGreeley, Colo. (1.6 percent), and Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H. (1.7 percent). Change in Industry Classification Systems Beginning with the release of data for 2001, publications presenting data from the Covered Employment and Wages program use the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry. NAICS is the product of a cooperative effort on the part of the statistical agencies of the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Due to differences in NAICS and SIC structures, industry data for 2001 are not comparable to the SIC-based data for earlier years. NAICS uses a production-oriented approach to categorize economic units. Units with similar production processes are classified in the same industry. NAICS focuses on how products and services are created, as opposed to the SIC focus on what is produced. This approach yields significantly different industry groupings than those produced by the SIC approach. Data users will be able to work with new NAICS industrial groupings that better reflect the workings of the U.S. economy. For example, a new industry sector called Information brings together units which turn information into a commodity with units which distribute that commodity. Information's major components are publishing, broadcasting, telecommunications, information services, and data processing. Under the SIC system, these units were spread across the manufacturing, communications, business services, and amusement services groups. Another new sector of interest is Professional and technical services. This sector is comprised of establishments engaged in activities where human capital is the major input. Users interested in more information about NAICS can access the Bureau of Labor Statistics Web page at http://www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm and the U.S. Census Bureau Web site at http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html. The NAICS 2002 manual is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Web page at http://www.ntis.gov. ---------------------------------------------------------------| Average annual pay for 2001 and other data from the Covered | | Employment and Wages (CEW) program is available on the BLS Web | | site at http//: www.bls.gov/cew/. | --------------------------------------------------------------- - 4 Technical Note These data are the product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Covered Employment and Wages, or the ES-202 program. The data are derived from summaries of employment and total pay of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) legislation and provided by State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs). The summaries are a byproduct of the administration of state unemployment insurance programs that require most employers to pay quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of workers covered by UI. Data for 2001 are preliminary and subject to revision. The 2000 data used to calculate the 2000-01 changes for individual metropolitan areas and consolidated metropolitan areas presented in this release were adjusted for changes in county classification to make them comparable to data for 2001. As a result, the adjusted 2000 data differ to some extent from the data available from the BLS Web site. Coverage Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution reports submitted to the SESAs by employers. In addition to the quarterly contribution reports, employers who operate multiple establishments within a state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report," which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of their establishments. Average annual pay data included in this release are derived from microdata summaries of 8.0 million employer reports of employment and wages submitted by states to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These reports are based on place of employment rather than place of residence. UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to state. In 2001, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 129.7 million jobs. The estimated 124.8 million workers in these jobs (after adjustment for multiple jobholders) represented 99.7 percent of wage and salary civilian employment. Multiple jobholder estimates are produced by the Current Population Survey. Covered workers received $4.695 trillion in pay, representing 94.8 percent of the wage and salary component of personal income and 46.6 percent of the gross domestic product. About 83 percent of all covered workers were employed in metropolitan areas. Total wages of workers in metropolitan areas comprised approximately 87 percent of all covered wages in the United States. Major exclusions from UI coverage during 2001, are self-employed workers, most agricultural workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces, elected officials in most states, most employees of railroads, some domestic workers, most student workers at schools, and employees of certain small nonprofit organizations. - 5 Concepts and methodology Average annual pay was computed by dividing total annual pay of employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number of these employees. In addition to salaries, average annual pay data include bonuses, the cash value of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other gratuities, and, in some states, employer contributions to certain deferred compensation plans, such as 401(k) plans and stock options. Monthly employment is based on the number of workers who worked during or received pay for the pay period including the 12th of the month. With few exceptions, all employees of covered firms are reported, including production and sales workers, corporation officials, executives, supervisory personnel, and clerical workers. Workers on paid vacation and part-time workers are also included. Percent changes in average annual pay were computed using preliminary North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)-based 2000 data as the base. These preliminary NAICS-based 2000 data will differ from the SIC-based 2000 data previously published. Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying occupations. When comparing average annual pay levels among metropolitan areas, these factors should be taken into consideration. Annual pay data only approximate annual earnings because an individual may not be employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one employer. Also, year-to-year changes in average annual pay can result from a change in the proportion of employment in high- and low-wage jobs, as well as from changes in the level of average annual pay. In order to insure the highest possible quality of data, SESAs verify with employers and update, if necessary, the industry, location, and ownership classifications of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment classification codes resulting from the verification process are introduced with the data reported for the first quarter of the year. Changes resulting from improved employer reporting also are introduced in the first quarter. For these reasons, some data, especially at more detailed geographic levels, may not be strictly comparable with earlier years. The combined metropolitan area totals and the consolidated metropolitan areas totals provided in tables 1 and 2, respectively, have not been adjusted for changes in county classifications or changes in Metropolitan Statistical Area or Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area definitions. Individual metropolitan areas and consolidated metropolitan areas, however, have been adjusted for county reclassifications. Historical metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area data presented in this release have not been adjusted for changes in noneconomic county reclassifications or changes in metropolitan area definitions. Metropolitan area redefinitions can cause substantial changes in employment and wage data between years. For example, in 1993, widespread metropolitan area definitions which incorporated the 1990 Census were introduced, resulting in a sharp decline in employment and wages in nonmetropolitan areas. The all metropolitan area totals increased correspondingly due to these redefinitions. Changes in metropolitan area definitions have a larger impact on over-the-year changes for the all nonmetropolitan area totals than the all metropolitan areas. This is because the nonmetropolitan area total is significantly smaller in size than the all metropolitan area component and is more sensitive to changes in definitions. - 6 The comparison of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area pay growth in this release reflects recalculations of historical average annual pay. As a result, pay growth figures in some years differ from earlier releases. Previously, average annual pay calculations for the all metropolitan area total and the nonmetropolitan area total may have included adjustments for changes in Metropolitan Statistical Area definitions and/or county reclassifications. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines metropolitan areas for use in federal statistical activities and updates these definitions, as needed, each summer. Data in this release use metropolitan area criteria established by OMB in definitions issued June 30, 1999, (OMB Bulletin No. 99-04). These definitions reflect information obtained from the 1990 Decennial Census and the 1998 U.S. Census Bureau population estimate. Metropolitan Statistical Area definitions are typically redefined on a yearly basis. A complete list of metropolitan area definitions is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Document Sales, 5205 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Va. 22161, telephone 1-800-553-6847. Generally speaking, a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a freestanding urban area that meets a specified size criteria. Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs) are freestanding areas within very large MSAs. Once an area is identified as a PMSA, the term MSA no longer is used to describe the area. The large metropolitan area that is the sum of the PMSAs is called a Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). The set of areas known as MSAs, PMSAs, and CMSAs are collectively designated and referred to as metropolitan areas. Nonmetropolitan areas include counties which do not fall within defined metropolitan areas. Covered employment and wage data include establishments classified as foreign locations, out-of-state locations, and unknown locations in nonmetropolitan areas. Current metropolitan area definitions are based on standards published in the Federal Register on March 30, 1990, (55 FR12154-12160). Under the 1990 standards, an area qualifies for recognition as an MSA in one of two ways: (1) if it includes a city of at least 50,000 population, or (2) if it includes a U.S. Census Bureau-defined urbanized area (of at least 50,000 population) and has a total metropolitan population of at least 100,000 (75,000 in New England). In addition to the county(ies) containing the main city or urbanized area, an MSA may include additional counties that have strong economic and social ties to the central county(ies) and meet other specified requirements of metropolitan character. The ties are determined chiefly by census data on commuting to work. An MSA may contain more than one city of 50,000 population and may cross state lines. An area that meets these requirements for recognition as an MSA but also has a total population of one million or more may be recognized as a CMSA if: (1) separate component areas can be identified within the entire area by meeting specified statistical criteria, and (2) local opinion indicates there is support for the component areas. If recognized, the component areas are designated PMSAs, and the entire area becomes a CMSA. If no PMSAs are recognized, the entire area is an MSA. - 7 - OMB defines metropolitan areas in terms of entire counties, except in the six New England states where they are defined in terms of cities and towns. New England data in this news release, however, are based on a county concept defined by OMB as New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs) because county-level data are the most detailed available from the Covered Employment and Wages program. NECMAs are county-based alternatives to the city- and town-based metropolitan areas in New England. The NECMA for an MSA or CMSA includes: (1) the county containing the first-named city in that MSA/CMSA title (this county may include the first-named cities of other MSAs/CMSAs), and (2) each additional county having at least half its population in the MSA(s)/CMSA(s) whose first-named cities are in the county identified in step 1. The NECMAs are officially defined areas that are meant to be used by statistical programs that can not, or choose not to, use the regular metropolitan area definitions in New England. However, the NECMA definitions do not include official definitions that correspond to the CMSA concept. Therefore, there are no explicit definitions that correspond to the Boston CMSA or the New York CMSA. Table 2 of this news release includes data for the New York CMSA that includes the New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Danbury-Waterbury, Conn. NECMA. Table 2 also includes the Boston-Brockton-Nashua, Mass.-N.H. NECMA, as that area serves as a NECMA for the Boston, Mass.-N.H. PMSA and the BostonWorchester-Lawrence, Mass.-N.H.-Me.-Conn. CMSA. Additional statistics and other information The 2001 news release for average annual pay by state and industry was issued on September 24, 2002, (USDL 02-540), and employment and average annual pay for large counties will be issued in late November 2002. An annual bulletin, Employment and Wages, features comprehensive information by detailed industry on establishments, employment, and wages for the nation and all states. Employment and Wages Annual Averages, 2001 will be available for sale in late 2002 from the BLS Publications Sales Center, P.O. Box 2145, Chicago, Illinois 60690. Average annual employment and pay data by state and county are available upon request from the Division of Administrative Statistics and Labor Turnover, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC 20212, telephone 202-691-6567 (e-mail: CEWInfo@bls.gov). Also available from BLS is a news release of first quarter 2002 employment and wage data at the national industry subsector level (USDL 02-591, October 16, 2002). First quarter 2002 data at the state total level will be available on the BLS Web site on November 22. Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Table 1. Average annual pay for 2000 and 2001 for all covered workers(1) by metropolitan area Average annual pay(3) 2000(4) 2001 Percent change, 2000-01 Ranking of areas by level of average annual pay for 2001 Metropolitan areas(5)............................... $37,017 $37,897 2.4 - Abilene, TX........................................... Akron, OH............................................. Albany, GA............................................ Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY........................... Albuquerque, NM....................................... Alexandria, LA........................................ Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA........................ Altoona, PA........................................... Amarillo, TX.......................................... Anchorage, AK......................................... 24,486 32,204 27,719 33,822 30,409 24,953 33,054 26,311 26,395 36,659 25,136 32,920 28,881 35,359 31,658 26,290 33,568 26,871 27,421 37,826 2.7 2.2 4.2 4.5 4.1 5.4 1.6 2.1 3.9 3.2 302 94 203 60 123 275 82 264 253 35 Ann Arbor, MI......................................... Anniston, AL.......................................... Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI........................... Asheville, NC......................................... Athens, GA............................................ Atlanta, GA........................................... Atlantic-Cape May, NJ................................. Auburn-Opelika, AL.................................... Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC.................................. Austin-San Marcos, TX................................. 37,455 25,270 31,789 27,519 27,651 39,734 29,957 24,811 29,700 40,998 37,546 26,488 32,661 28,524 28,955 40,535 31,184 25,748 30,595 40,826 0.2 4.8 2.7 3.7 4.7 2.0 4.1 3.8 3.0 -0.4 38 272 99 213 200 25 139 288 156 24 Bakersfield, CA....................................... Baltimore, MD......................................... Bangor, ME............................................ Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA............................... Baton Rouge, LA....................................... Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX.............................. Bellingham, WA........................................ Benton Harbor, MI..................................... Bergen-Passaic, NJ.................................... Billings, MT.......................................... 28,585 35,577 26,774 29,706 29,292 30,708 26,292 30,915 43,879 26,763 30,120 37,493 27,850 31,020 30,297 31,792 27,771 31,167 44,667 27,893 5.4 5.4 4.0 4.4 3.4 3.5 5.6 0.8 1.8 4.2 167 39 238 144 165 118 242 140 13 235 Metropolitan area(2) Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS........................ Binghamton, NY........................................ Birmingham, AL........................................ Bismarck, ND.......................................... Bloomington, IN....................................... Bloomington-Normal, IL................................ Boise City, ID........................................ Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH...... Boulder-Longmont, CO.................................. Brazoria, TX.......................................... 27,640 30,263 33,283 25,819 27,397 34,254 32,466 45,021 45,564 34,367 28,343 31,207 34,518 27,113 28,009 35,106 31,615 45,768 44,313 35,655 2.5 3.1 3.7 5.0 2.2 2.5 -2.6 1.7 -2.7 3.7 219 138 70 259 230 62 124 10 14 55 Bremerton, WA......................................... Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX.................. Bryan-College Station, TX............................. Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY............................. Burlington, VT........................................ Canton-Massillon, OH.................................. Casper, WY............................................ Cedar Rapids, IA...................................... Champaign-Urbana, IL.................................. Charleston-North Charleston, SC....................... 30,560 21,553 24,615 31,434 33,105 28,358 29,183 34,097 29,183 27,650 31,518 22,146 25,755 32,049 34,341 29,019 28,248 34,672 30,491 28,888 3.1 2.8 4.6 2.0 3.7 2.3 -3.2 1.7 4.5 4.5 128 316 287 112 72 197 223 67 161 202 Charleston, WV........................................ Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC................... Charlottesville, VA................................... Chattanooga, TN-GA.................................... Cheyenne, WY.......................................... Chicago, IL........................................... Chico-Paradise, CA.................................... Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN.................................. Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY....................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH........................... 30,116 36,103 30,979 29,333 25,923 41,527 25,152 35,052 24,967 34,670 31,513 37,277 32,418 29,962 27,539 42,646 26,490 36,042 25,562 35,513 4.6 3.3 4.6 2.1 6.2 2.7 5.3 2.8 2.4 2.4 129 40 103 169 250 18 270 47 292 56 Colorado Springs, CO.................................. Columbia, MO.......................................... Columbia, SC.......................................... Columbus, GA-AL....................................... Columbus, OH.......................................... Corpus Christi, TX.................................... Corvallis, OR......................................... Cumberland, MD-WV..................................... Dallas, TX............................................ Danville, VA.......................................... 33,039 27,363 29,027 26,980 33,918 28,182 35,355 24,532 42,095 25,168 34,381 28,490 29,903 28,406 35,027 29,358 35,499 25,504 42,692 25,449 4.1 4.1 3.0 5.3 3.3 4.2 0.4 4.0 1.4 1.1 71 214 173 216 63 186 58 295 17 297 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL................... Dayton-Springfield, OH................................ Daytona Beach, FL..................................... Decatur, AL........................................... 30,496 33,180 24,927 29,441 31,291 33,620 25,980 30,882 2.6 1.3 4.2 4.9 134 80 282 146 Decatur, IL........................................... Denver, CO............................................ Des Moines, IA........................................ Detroit, MI........................................... Dothan, AL............................................ Dover, DE............................................. 32,643 41,401 33,082 42,321 27,258 27,055 33,337 42,348 34,303 42,613 28,041 27,751 2.1 2.3 3.7 0.7 2.9 2.6 87 20 74 19 229 244 Dubuque, IA........................................... Duluth-Superior, MN-WI................................ Dutchess County, NY................................... Eau Claire, WI........................................ El Paso, TX........................................... Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................................... Elmira, NY............................................ Enid, OK.............................................. Erie, PA.............................................. Eugene-Springfield, OR................................ 27,330 28,254 36,065 26,624 25,070 30,349 27,658 23,253 28,368 27,877 28,403 29,409 38,744 27,679 25,836 30,797 28,668 24,836 29,290 28,976 3.9 4.1 7.4 4.0 3.1 1.5 3.7 6.8 3.3 3.9 217 184 30 247 286 151 210 304 190 198 Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY........................... Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN................................. Fayetteville, NC...................................... Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR.................... Flagstaff, AZ-UT...................................... Flint, MI............................................. Florence, AL.......................................... Florence, SC.......................................... Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............................. Fort Lauderdale, FL................................... 29,932 27,031 26,112 28,957 24,648 36,327 25,133 27,521 32,394 33,234 31,045 27,890 26,993 29,909 25,838 36,030 25,648 28,797 33,249 33,964 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.3 4.8 -0.8 2.0 4.6 2.6 2.2 143 236 262 172 285 48 290 207 90 77 Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL............................. Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL........................ Fort Smith, AR-OK..................................... Fort Walton Beach, FL................................. Fort Wayne, IN........................................ Fort Worth-Arlington, TX.............................. Fresno, CA............................................ Gadsden, AL........................................... Gainesville, FL....................................... Galveston-Texas City, TX.............................. 28,148 26,994 25,935 25,253 30,863 34,588 25,916 25,267 26,155 29,522 29,397 27,722 26,744 26,148 31,395 36,382 27,666 25,728 26,915 31,067 4.4 2.7 3.1 3.5 1.7 5.2 6.8 1.8 2.9 5.2 185 246 266 278 133 44 248 289 263 142 Gary, IN.............................................. Glens Falls, NY....................................... Goldsboro, NC......................................... Grand Forks, ND-MN.................................... Grand Junction, CO.................................... Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI..................... Great Falls, MT....................................... Greeley, CO........................................... Green Bay, WI......................................... 31,505 27,422 24,551 24,273 26,226 32,983 23,877 29,276 31,538 31,948 27,813 25,393 24,955 27,422 33,437 24,211 30,064 32,500 1.4 1.4 3.4 2.8 4.6 1.4 1.4 2.7 3.1 114 239 299 303 252 83 310 168 101 Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC............. 30,919 31,733 2.6 120 Greenville, NC........................................ Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC................... Hagerstown, MD........................................ Hamilton-Middletown, OH............................... Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA....................... Hartford, CT.......................................... Hattiesburg, MS....................................... Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC.......................... Honolulu, HI.......................................... Houma, LA............................................. 27,716 29,762 28,414 31,502 32,345 42,421 24,301 26,845 31,874 28,363 28,291 30,941 29,022 32,325 33,408 43,882 25,145 27,343 32,527 (6) 2.1 4.0 2.1 2.6 3.3 3.4 3.5 1.9 2.0 (6) 221 145 196 106 84 15 301 255 100 (6) Houston, TX........................................... Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH.......................... Huntsville, AL........................................ Indianapolis, IN...................................... Iowa City, IA......................................... Jackson, MI........................................... Jackson, MS........................................... Jackson, TN........................................... Jacksonville, FL...................................... Jacksonville, NC...................................... 40,996 26,421 35,659 34,906 30,206 31,735 29,220 28,671 31,469 21,057 42,782 27,462 36,709 35,985 31,667 32,459 29,804 29,420 32,402 21,393 4.4 3.9 2.9 3.1 4.8 2.3 2.0 2.6 3.0 1.6 16 251 43 49 122 102 176 182 104 317 Jamestown, NY......................................... Janesville-Beloit, WI................................. Jersey City, NJ....................................... Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA................. Johnstown, PA......................................... Jonesboro, AR......................................... Joplin, MO............................................ Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI............................ Kankakee, IL.......................................... Kansas City, MO-KS.................................... 25,418 31,141 47,429 27,253 24,348 25,106 25,023 32,059 28,490 34,989 25,920 31,479 47,621 28,539 25,571 25,340 26,006 32,923 29,106 35,795 2.0 1.1 0.4 4.7 5.0 0.9 3.9 2.7 2.2 2.3 284 132 7 212 291 300 280 93 193 53 Kenosha, WI........................................... Killeen-Temple, TX.................................... Knoxville, TN......................................... Kokomo, IN............................................ La Crosse, WI-MN...................................... Lafayette, LA......................................... Lafayette, IN......................................... Lake Charles, LA...................................... Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL............................. Lancaster, PA......................................... 31,373 24,909 29,516 40,281 26,832 27,459 30,546 28,226 27,881 30,809 31,584 26,192 30,411 39,599 27,777 29,690 31,481 29,750 28,803 31,486 0.7 5.2 3.0 -1.7 3.5 8.1 3.1 5.4 3.3 2.2 125 276 162 29 241 178 131 177 206 130 Lansing-East Lansing, MI.............................. Laredo, TX............................................ Las Cruces, NM........................................ 33,892 23,563 23,602 34,749 24,128 24,299 2.5 2.4 3.0 66 312 309 Las Vegas, NV-AZ...................................... Lawrence, KS.......................................... Lawton, OK............................................ Lewiston-Auburn, ME................................... Lexington, KY......................................... Lima, OH.............................................. Lincoln, NE........................................... 31,647 24,975 23,844 26,193 30,389 28,817 28,511 32,240 25,938 24,825 27,092 31,575 29,644 29,353 1.9 3.9 4.1 3.4 3.9 2.9 3.0 110 283 305 261 126 180 187 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR..................... Longview-Marshall, TX................................. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA............................ Louisville, KY-IN..................................... Lubbock, TX........................................... Lynchburg, VA......................................... Macon, GA............................................. Madison, WI........................................... Mansfield, OH......................................... McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX.......................... 29,646 26,700 39,671 31,782 26,297 27,674 29,521 32,817 28,192 21,695 30,853 27,967 40,907 33,052 26,581 28,857 30,572 34,107 28,809 22,317 4.1 4.7 3.1 4.0 1.1 4.3 3.6 3.9 2.2 2.9 147 231 22 91 268 204 157 76 205 315 Medford-Ashland, OR................................... Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL..................... Memphis, TN-AR-MS..................................... Merced, CA............................................ Miami, FL............................................. Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ...................... Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI................................ Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI........................... Missoula, MT.......................................... Mobile, AL............................................ 26,568 32,101 33,254 24,842 33,333 48,987 34,605 39,521 25,292 27,293 27,219 32,786 34,575 25,452 34,531 49,830 35,670 40,866 26,180 28,120 2.5 2.1 4.0 2.5 3.6 1.7 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.0 258 97 68 296 69 5 54 23 277 226 Modesto, CA........................................... Monmouth-Ocean, NJ.................................... Monroe, LA............................................ Montgomery, AL........................................ Muncie, IN............................................ Myrtle Beach, SC...................................... Naples, FL............................................ Nashville, TN......................................... Nassau-Suffolk, NY.................................... New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT... 28,221 36,404 25,731 28,148 28,069 22,883 29,962 33,259 38,958 50,596 29,523 37,037 26,565 29,124 28,376 24,012 30,842 33,909 39,649 52,177 4.6 1.7 3.2 3.5 1.1 4.9 2.9 2.0 1.8 3.1 181 42 269 191 218 313 148 79 28 4 New London-Norwich, CT................................ New Orleans, LA....................................... New York, NY.......................................... Newark, NJ............................................ Newburgh, NY-PA....................................... Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC............ Oakland, CA........................................... Ocala, FL............................................. 36,757 29,861 57,213 48,656 28,949 28,292 44,207 24,953 38,201 31,102 58,963 47,713 29,833 29,870 45,944 25,993 3.9 4.2 3.1 -1.9 3.1 5.6 3.9 4.2 33 141 3 6 175 174 9 281 Odessa-Midland, TX.................................... Oklahoma City, OK..................................... 29,286 28,292 31,281 28,920 6.8 2.2 135 201 Olympia, WA........................................... Omaha, NE-IA.......................................... Orange County, CA..................................... Orlando, FL........................................... Owensboro, KY......................................... Panama City, FL....................................... Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH........................... Pensacola, FL......................................... Peoria-Pekin, IL...................................... Philadelphia, PA-NJ................................... 31,737 31,287 39,243 30,178 25,914 25,041 27,344 26,264 32,067 39,226 32,766 31,846 40,280 31,275 27,300 26,431 27,937 28,062 33,290 40,222 3.2 1.8 2.6 3.6 5.3 5.6 2.2 6.8 3.8 2.5 98 117 26 136 257 273 233 228 89 27 Phoenix-Mesa, AZ...................................... Pine Bluff, AR........................................ Pittsburgh, PA........................................ Pittsfield, MA........................................ Pocatello, ID......................................... Portland, ME.......................................... Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA............................. Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI...................... Provo-Orem, UT........................................ Pueblo, CO............................................ 34,925 26,399 33,811 31,134 24,023 30,752 37,077 32,421 27,890 25,492 35,507 27,554 35,021 31,560 24,620 32,327 37,268 33,390 28,275 27,098 1.7 4.4 3.6 1.4 2.5 5.1 0.5 3.0 1.4 6.3 57 249 65 127 307 105 41 85 222 260 Punta Gorda, FL....................................... Racine, WI............................................ Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC........................ Rapid City, SD........................................ Reading, PA........................................... Redding, CA........................................... Reno, NV.............................................. Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA.......................... Richmond-Petersburg, VA............................... Riverside-San Bernardino, CA.......................... 24,743 32,536 37,829 24,341 32,007 26,969 32,749 31,545 34,481 29,552 25,400 33,314 38,681 25,508 32,810 28,094 34,230 33,374 35,872 30,527 2.7 2.4 2.3 4.8 2.5 4.2 4.5 5.8 4.0 3.3 298 88 31 294 95 227 75 86 52 159 Roanoke, VA........................................... Rochester, MN......................................... Rochester, NY......................................... Rockford, IL.......................................... Rocky Mount, NC....................................... Sacramento, CA........................................ Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI.......................... St. Cloud, MN......................................... St. Joseph, MO........................................ St. Louis, MO-IL...................................... 29,247 36,106 33,183 31,934 27,725 36,595 35,329 27,408 27,176 34,909 30,333 37,753 34,334 32,097 28,772 38,022 35,470 28,247 27,726 35,932 3.7 4.6 3.5 0.5 3.8 3.9 0.4 3.1 2.0 2.9 164 37 73 111 209 34 59 224 245 51 Salem, OR............................................. Salinas, CA........................................... 27,696 29,973 28,331 31,743 2.3 5.9 220 119 Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT.............................. San Angelo, TX........................................ San Antonio, TX....................................... San Diego, CA......................................... San Francisco, CA..................................... San Jose, CA.......................................... San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA............ Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA.................. 30,970 25,376 29,549 37,546 59,288 76,252 28,107 32,568 31,955 26,147 30,638 38,424 59,761 65,926 29,076 33,609 3.2 3.0 3.7 2.3 0.8 -13.5 3.4 3.2 113 279 155 32 2 1 194 81 Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA............................ Santa Fe, NM.......................................... Santa Rosa, CA........................................ Sarasota-Bradenton, FL................................ Savannah, GA.......................................... Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA.................. Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA.......................... Sharon, PA............................................ Sheboygan, WI......................................... Sherman-Denison, TX................................... 35,825 29,065 35,742 27,155 29,267 27,762 45,344 26,060 30,552 29,681 35,023 30,670 36,150 27,957 30,152 28,639 45,326 26,735 30,840 30,397 -2.2 5.5 1.1 3.0 3.0 3.2 0.0 2.6 0.9 2.4 64 154 45 232 166 211 12 267 149 163 Shreveport-Bossier City, LA........................... Sioux City, IA-NE..................................... Sioux Falls, SD....................................... South Bend, IN........................................ Spokane, WA........................................... Springfield, IL....................................... Springfield, MO....................................... Springfield, MA....................................... State College, PA..................................... Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV........................... 27,133 26,201 27,965 29,657 29,768 34,563 26,315 31,621 29,067 28,453 27,895 26,755 28,961 30,773 29,323 36,068 27,344 32,802 29,939 28,484 2.8 2.1 3.6 3.8 -1.5 4.4 3.9 3.7 3.0 0.1 234 265 199 152 188 46 254 96 170 215 Stockton-Lodi, CA..................................... Sumter, SC............................................ Syracuse, NY.......................................... Tacoma, WA............................................ Tallahassee, FL....................................... Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL................... Terre Haute, IN....................................... Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR........................... Toledo, OH............................................ Topeka, KS............................................ 29,264 23,591 31,384 29,869 28,681 30,817 26,860 25,981 31,613 29,375 30,816 24,461 32,277 31,255 29,688 31,674 27,328 26,489 32,300 30,503 5.3 3.7 2.8 4.6 3.5 2.8 1.7 2.0 2.2 3.8 150 308 108 137 179 121 256 271 107 160 Trenton, NJ........................................... Tucson, AZ............................................ Tulsa, OK............................................. Tuscaloosa, AL........................................ Tyler, TX............................................. Utica-Rome, NY........................................ Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA............................ 44,657 29,194 30,400 29,064 29,509 26,726 32,156 45,746 30,696 31,913 29,921 30,540 27,760 33,946 2.4 5.1 5.0 2.9 3.5 3.9 5.6 11 153 116 171 158 243 78 Ventura, CA........................................... Victoria, TX.......................................... Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ...................... 37,090 27,612 31,717 37,795 29,069 32,260 1.9 5.3 1.7 36 195 109 Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA........................ Waco, TX.............................................. Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV............................... Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA.............................. Wausau, WI............................................ West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL........................ Wheeling, WV-OH....................................... Wichita, KS........................................... Wichita Falls, TX..................................... Williamsport, PA...................................... 23,743 27,034 45,374 27,850 28,869 35,233 25,162 31,731 24,589 26,906 24,706 28,242 47,584 29,113 29,417 35,962 26,294 32,979 25,557 27,874 4.1 4.5 4.9 4.5 1.9 2.1 4.5 3.9 3.9 3.6 306 225 8 192 183 50 274 92 293 237 Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD.............................. Wilmington, NC........................................ Yakima, WA............................................ Yolo, CA.............................................. York, PA.............................................. Youngstown-Warren, OH................................. Yuba City, CA......................................... Yuma, AZ.............................................. 39,670 28,092 23,244 33,451 30,926 28,479 26,180 21,492 42,190 29,296 24,188 35,318 31,937 28,783 27,805 22,482 6.4 4.3 4.1 5.6 3.3 1.1 6.2 4.6 21 189 311 61 115 208 240 314 Aguadilla, PR......................................... Arecibo, PR........................................... Caguas, PR............................................ Mayaguez, PR.......................................... Ponce, PR............................................. San Juan-Bayamon, PR.................................. 17,397 15,720 17,790 16,063 16,565 20,028 18,060 16,582 18,651 17,122 17,406 20,943 3.8 5.5 4.8 6.6 5.1 4.6 320 323 319 322 321 318 1 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 2 Includes data for Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA) as defined by OMB Bulletin No. 99-04. In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See Technical Note. 3 Data are preliminary. Each year's total is based on the MSA definition for the specific year. changes include differences resulting from changes in MSA definitions. Annual 4 Annual pay levels for individual metropolitan areas have been adjusted to reflect noneconomic county reclassifications where applicable. The total for all metropolitan areas combined, however, has not been adjusted for these reclassifications. See Technical Note. 5 Totals do not include the six MSAs within Puerto Rico. 6 Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards. Table 2. Average annual pay for 2000 and 2001 for all covered workers(1) by Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area Average annual pay(3) 2000(4) 2001 Percent change, 2000-01 Ranking of areas by level of average annual pay for 2001 Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas(5)........ $42,641 $43,424 1.8 - Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH........ Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI.......................... Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN........................... Cleveland-Akron, OH..................................... Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO.............................. Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI............................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria,TX........................... Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA................. Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL............................... 45,021 40,708 34,595 34,130 39,987 41,328 41,396 40,312 37,973 33,293 45,768 41,778 35,561 34,945 40,915 41,985 41,619 42,084 39,072 34,304 1.7 2.6 2.8 2.4 2.3 1.6 0.5 4.4 2.9 3.0 3 8 15 17 10 7 9 6 12 18 Milwaukee-Racine, WI.................................... New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA... Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD...... Portland-Salem, OR-WA................................... Sacramento-Yolo, CA..................................... San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA...................... Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA............................ Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV....................... 34,426 50,073 38,540 35,855 36,262 56,546 41,993 42,135 35,470 51,121 39,701 36,111 37,737 54,182 42,251 44,242 3.0 2.1 3.0 0.7 4.1 -4.2 0.6 5.0 16 2 11 14 13 1 5 4 San Juan-Caguas-Arecibo, PR............................. 19,623 20,535 4.6 19 Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area(2) 1 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 2 Includes data for Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA) as defined by OMB Bulletin No. 99-04. In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See Technical Note. 3 Data are preliminary. Each year's total is based on the CMSA definition for the specific year. Annual changes include differences resulting from changes in CMSA definitions. 4 Annual pay levels for individual consolidated metropolitan areas have been adjusted to reflect noneconomic county reclassifications where applicable. The total for all consolidated metropolitan areas combined, however, has not been adjusted for these reclassifications. See Technical Note. 5 Totals do not include the San Juan-Caguas-Arecibo CMSA within Puerto Rico.