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Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov Technical information: (202) 606-6567 USDL 96-463 Media contact: For release: 10:00 A.M. Friday, November 8, 1996 606-5902 EST AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY LEVELS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, 1995 The average annual pay of employees in metropolitan areas increased 3.5 percent from 1994 to 1995, according to preliminary data released today by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The average annual pay level for jobs in the nation's 311 metropolitan areas was $29,105 in 1995, up from $28,125 in 1994. Average annual pay for the entire nation, metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas combined, was $27,845 in 1995. (Average annual pay data by state and industry were issued on September 25, 1996.) Annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by employers subject to state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) laws covering 115.5 million full- and part-time workers. Average annual pay is computed by dividing the total annual payrolls of employees covered under UI programs by the average monthly number of these employees. (See Technical Note beginning on page 3.) Pay differences between areas reflect the varying composition of employment by occupation, industry, and hours of work, as well as other factors. Similarly, over-the-year pay changes may reflect shifts in these characteristics, as well as changes in the level of average pay. Along with pay data for 311 Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas, table 2 of this release includes averages and rankings for the 18 areas designated as Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (See Technical Note for definitions.) Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas San Jose, Calif., led the nation with an average annual pay level of $42,409 in 1995. (See table 1.) New York, N.Y., had the second highest average annual pay level ($42,272), followed by San Francisco, Calif. ($37,975), Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J. ($37,925), and New HavenBridgeport-Stamford-Danbury-Waterbury, Conn. ($37,546). Average pay levels in these five metropolitan areas ranged from 29 to 46 percent above the average for all metropolitan areas in the nation. Of the 311 metropolitan areas, 38 reported average annual pay levels above the national metropolitan pay average of $29,105, and 31 had average pay levels in excess of $30,000. Jacksonville, N.C., recorded the lowest average annual pay level among metropolitan areas in 1995 ($16,951), followed by Myrtle Beach, S.C. ($17,910), McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex. ($18,031), Yuma, Ariz. ($18,286), and Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex. ($18,566). Average annual pay in the five bottom-ranked metropolitan areas averaged 36 to 42 percent below the national metropolitan pay average. A total of 14 metropolitan areas reported average annual pay levels below $20,000. The largest percentage increase in average annual pay from 1994 to 1995 occurred in San Jose, Calif. (8.4 percent), followed by Provo-Orem, Utah (6.9 percent), Dover, Del. (6.2 percent), Boise City, Idaho (6.1 percent), and Tucson, Ariz. (6.0 percent). 65 metropolitan areas experienced pay increases of 4.0 percent or greater in 1995. - 2 From 1994 to 1995, average annual pay declined in three metropolitan areas. Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, Calif., had the largest drop (-2.7 percent), followed by Anchorage, Alaska (-1.3 percent), and Cheyenne, Wyo. (-1.1 percent). In addition to the three areas in which average pay levels declined, 13 metropolitan areas experienced pay growth rates of less than 1 percent. Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas Average annual pay in the 18 consolidated metropolitan statistical areas increased by 3.7 percent between 1994 and 1995, from $31,469 to $32,642. (See table 2.) The New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.Conn.-Pa., consolidated metropolitan area had the highest pay level, at $38,047, followed by San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif. ($36,187), Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich. ($34,118), Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.Va.-W.Va. ($32,807), and Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.N.H. ($32,791). Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla., had the lowest average annual pay level of the consolidated metropolitan areas, with an average of $27,161 in 1995. Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash., was second lowest ($27,648), followed by Milwaukee-Racine, Wis. ($27,830), Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind. ($27,886), and Cleveland-Akron, Ohio ($28,382). San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif., had the highest percentage increase in average annual pay between 1994 and 1995 (5.0 percent). The next largest increases were in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Conn.-Pa., and Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash. (4.6 percent each), and Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H., and Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex. (4.4 percent each). None of the 18 consolidated metropolitan areas reported a decline in average annual pay in 1995. The smallest increase occurred in Los AngelesRiverside-Orange County, Calif. (1.8 percent), followed by WashingtonBaltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va. (2.8 percent), Cleveland-Akron, Ohio (2.9 percent), Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind., and Milwaukee-Racine, Wis. (3.4 percent each). - 3 Technical Note These data are the product of a Federal-State cooperative program in which State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) prepare summaries of employment and total pay of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) legislation. The summaries are a by-product of the administration of state unemployment insurance programs that require most employers to pay quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of workers covered by UI. Data for 1995 are preliminary and subject to revision. A news release providing average annual pay data by state and industry was issued on September 25, 1996 (USDL 96-393). Coverage Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution reports submitted to the SESAs by employers. In addition to the quarterly contribution report, employers who operate multiple establishments within a state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report," which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of their establishments. Average annual pay data included in this release are derived from summaries of employment and wages submitted by states to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to state. In 1995, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 115.5 million jobs, representing 96.7 percent of wage and salary civilian employment. Covered workers received $3.216 trillion in pay representing 93.7 percent of the wage and salary component of personal income and 44.3 percent of the gross domestic product. About 82 percent of all covered workers were employed in metropolitan areas. Total wages of workers in metropolitan areas comprised approximately 86 percent of all covered wages in the United States. Major exclusions from UI coverage during 1995 included most agricultural workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces, elected officials in most states, most employees of railroads, some domestic workers, most student workers at schools, and employees of certain small nonprofit organizations. Concepts and methodology Average annual pay was computed by dividing total annual pay of employees covered by unemployment insurance programs by the average monthly number of these employees. Included in the annual payroll data are bonuses, the cash value of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other gratuities, and, in some states, employer contributions to certain deferred compensation plans, such as 401(k) plans, and stock options. Monthly employment is based on the number of workers who worked during or received pay for the pay period including the 12th of the month. With few exceptions, all employees of covered firms are reported, including production and sales workers, corporation officials, executives, supervisory personnel, and clerical workers. Workers on paid vacation and part-time workers are also included. Percentage changes in average annual pay were computed using final 1994 data as the base, which may differ from the preliminary data issued last year. - 4 Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying occupations. When comparing average annual pay levels between metropolitan areas, these factors should be taken into consideration. Annual pay data only approximate annual earnings because an individual may not be employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one employer. Year to year changes in average annual pay can result from a change in the proportion of employment in low and high wage jobs, as well as from changes in the level of average annual pay. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines metropolitan areas for use in federal statistical activities and updates these definitions as needed each summer. Data in this release use metropolitan area criteria established by OMB in definitions issued July 5, 1994 (OMB Bulletin No. 94-07). These definitions reflect information obtained from the 1990 Decennial Census and the 1992 Census Bureau population estimates. A complete list of metropolitan area definitions is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Document Sales, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Va. 22161, telephone 703-487-4650. Generally speaking, a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a freestanding urban area that meets a specified size criteria. Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs) are free-standing areas within very large MSAs. Once an area is identified as a PMSA, the term MSA no longer is used to describe the area. The large metropolitan area that is the sum of the PMSAs is called a Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). The set of areas known as MSAs, PMSAs, and CMSAs are collectively designated and referred to as metropolitan areas. Current metropolitan area definitions are based on standards published in the Federal Register on March 30, 1990 (55 FR12154-12160). Under the 1990 standards, an area qualifies for recognition as an MSA in one of two ways: (1) if it includes a city of at least 50,000 population, or (2) if it includes a Census Bureau-defined urbanized area (of at least 50,000 population) and has a total metropolitan population of at least 100,000 (75,000 in New England). In addition to the county(ies) containing the main city or urbanized area, an MSA may include additional counties that have strong economic and social ties to the central county(ies) and meet other specified requirements of metropolitan character. The ties are determined chiefly by census data on commuting to work. An MSA may contain more than one city of 50,000 population and may cross state lines. An area that meets these requirements for recognition as an MSA but also has a total population of one million or more may be recognized as a CMSA if: (1) separate component areas can be identified within the entire area by meeting specified statistical criteria, and (2) local opinion indicates there is support for the component areas. If recognized, the component areas are designated PMSAs, and the entire area becomes a CMSA. If no PMSAs are recognized, the entire area is an MSA. OMB defines metropolitan areas in terms of entire counties, except in the six New England states where they are defined in terms of cities and towns. New England data in this news release, however, are based on a county concept defined by OMB as New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs) because county-level data are the most detailed available from the Covered Employment and Wages program. NECMAs are county-based alternatives - 5 to the city- and town-based metropolitan areas in New England. The NECMA for an MSA or CMSA includes: (1) the county containing the first-named city in that MSA/CMSA title (this county may include the first-named cities of other MSAs/CMSAs), and (2) each additional county having at least half its population in the MSA(s)/CMSA(s) whose first-named cities are in the county identified in step 1. Additional statistics and other information Average annual employment and pay data by state and county are available upon request from the Division of Occupational and Administrative Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC 20212, telephone 202-606-6567. The comprehensive bulletin, Employment and Wages, features information by detailed industry on establishments, employment, and wages for the nation and all states. The bulletin for 1995, which is due to be issued in late 1996, will be available for sale from the BLS Publication Sales Center, P.O. Box 2145, Chicago, Illinois 60690. This news release, along with other BLS statistics and information, is available via the Internet at the BLS World Wide Web site (http://stats.bls.gov). Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT; TDD phone: 202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-326-2577. Table 1. Average annual pay for 1994 and 1995 for all covered workers 1/ by metropolitan area Average annual pay Ranking of areas By percent By level of change in Percent average average change, annual pay annual pay, Metropolitan area 2/ 1994 1995 3/ 1994-95 4/ for 1995 1994-95 All metropolitan areas..............................$28,125 $29,105 3.5 ----Abilene, Tex............................................. 20,320 20,365 0.2 293 307 Akron, Ohio.............................................. 26,357 27,090 2.8 78 183 Albany, Ga............................................... 23,317 23,877 2.4 179 224 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, N.Y............................. 27,231 27,694 1.7 59 266 Albuquerque, N.M......................................... 24,309 25,019 2.9 137 176 Alexandria, La........................................... 20,712 21,268 2.7 278 208 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Pa........................... 26,602 27,804 4.5 58 28 Altoona, Pa.............................................. 21,127 21,768 3.0 266 168 Amarillo, Tex............................................ 22,108 22,633 2.4 233 224 Anchorage, Alaska........................................ 34,098 33,650 -1.3 14 310 Ann Arbor, Mich.......................................... 29,258 30,013 2.6 31 214 Anniston, Ala............................................ 21,433 22,024 2.8 256 183 Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, Wis............................. 25,381 26,279 3.5 104 104 Asheville, N.C........................................... 21,892 22,880 4.5 223 28 Athens, Ga............................................... 22,234 22,761 2.4 228 224 Atlanta, Ga.............................................. 28,688 29,952 4.4 32 37 Atlantic-Cape May, N.J................................... 26,185 26,585 1.5 93 279 Augusta-Aiken, Ga.-S.C................................... 24,919 25,609 2.8 116 183 Austin-San Marcos, Tex................................... 25,618 26,922 5.1 80 13 Bakersfield, Calif....................................... 24,591 24,659 0.3 154 306 Baltimore, Md............................................ 27,955 28,745 2.8 41 183 Bangor, Maine............................................ 22,335 22,953 2.8 222 183 Barnstable-Yarmouth, Mass................................ 22,371 23,097 3.2 212 141 Baton Rouge, La.......................................... 24,410 25,172 3.1 132 153 Beaumont-Port Arthur, Tex................................ 26,397 26,827 1.6 88 272 Bellingham, Wash......................................... 21,554 22,357 3.7 246 83 Benton Harbor, Mich...................................... 24,854 25,188 1.3 131 287 Bergen-Passaic, N.J...................................... 34,675 35,746 3.1 8 153 Billings, Mont........................................... 22,320 22,813 2.2 227 240 Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, Miss......................... 22,299 22,869 2.6 224 214 Binghamton, N.Y.......................................... 25,744 26,008 1.0 110 294 Birmingham, Ala.......................................... 26,252 27,337 4.1 71 54 Bismarck, N.D............................................ 21,317 22,014 3.3 257 132 Bloomington, Ind......................................... 21,880 22,590 3.2 236 141 Bloomington-Normal, Ill.................................. 27,769 29,020 4.5 40 28 Boise City, Idaho........................................ 24,571 26,072 6.1 109 4 Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H..... 31,403 32,791 4.4 17 37 Boulder-Longmont, Colo................................... Brazoria, Tex............................................ Bremerton, Wash.......................................... Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex.................... Bryan-College Station, Tex............................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls, N.Y............................... Burlington, Vt........................................... Canton-Massillon, Ohio................................... Casper, Wyo.............................................. Cedar Rapids, Iowa....................................... Champaign-Urbana, Ill.................................... Charleston-North Charleston, S.C......................... Charleston, W.Va......................................... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, N.C.-S.C................... Charlottesville, Va...................................... Chattanooga, Tenn.-Ga.................................... Cheyenne, Wyo............................................ Chicago, Ill............................................. Chico-Paradise, Calif.................................... Cincinnati, Ohio-Ky.-Ind................................. Clarksville-Hopkinsville, Tenn.-Ky....................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, Ohio............................ Colorado Springs, Colo................................... Columbia, Mo............................................. Columbia, S.C............................................ Columbus, Ga.-Ala........................................ Columbus, Ohio........................................... Corpus Christi, Tex...................................... Cumberland, Md.-W.Va..................................... Dallas, Tex.............................................. Danville, Va............................................. Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, Iowa-Ill................... Dayton-Springfield, Ohio................................. Daytona Beach, Fla....................................... Decatur, Ala............................................. Decatur, Ill............................................. Denver, Colo............................................. Des Moines, Iowa......................................... Detroit, Mich............................................ Dothan, Ala.............................................. Dover, Del............................................... Dubuque, Iowa............................................ Duluth-Superior, Minn.-Wis............................... Dutchess County, N.Y..................................... Eau Claire, Wis.......................................... El Paso, Tex............................................. Elkhart-Goshen, Ind...................................... Elmira, N.Y.............................................. Enid, Okla............................................... 26,948 28,941 25,095 17,952 19,255 25,780 25,582 23,945 22,152 25,706 23,318 22,175 25,116 26,520 23,860 23,747 22,167 31,340 20,380 27,106 19,893 27,927 23,754 22,636 22,901 21,478 26,291 23,660 21,268 30,105 21,192 25,434 26,721 19,895 24,133 27,071 28,965 25,509 33,201 22,155 21,709 23,277 22,712 28,860 21,151 20,221 24,690 22,880 19,601 28,441 29,892 25,877 18,566 19,788 26,749 26,480 24,644 22,621 26,572 24,356 22,508 25,845 27,859 24,705 24,775 21,913 32,524 20,573 28,057 20,728 28,742 24,500 23,150 23,647 22,255 26,948 24,032 21,958 31,502 21,931 25,861 27,673 20,494 24,853 27,339 30,059 26,376 34,706 23,094 23,054 24,053 23,288 29,707 21,613 20,971 25,155 23,749 19,934 5.5 3.3 3.1 3.4 2.8 3.8 3.5 2.9 2.1 3.4 4.5 1.5 2.9 5.0 3.5 4.3 -1.1 3.8 0.9 3.5 4.2 2.9 3.1 2.3 3.3 3.6 2.5 1.6 3.2 4.6 3.5 1.7 3.6 3.0 3.0 1.0 3.8 3.4 4.5 4.2 6.2 3.3 2.5 2.9 2.2 3.7 1.9 3.8 1.7 46 33 111 307 303 89 97 156 234 94 164 241 113 56 149 148 260 18 290 50 289 42 160 209 186 251 79 173 258 23 259 112 60 291 144 70 30 100 10 213 218 172 202 35 269 285 133 183 299 9 132 153 120 183 71 104 176 246 120 28 279 176 15 104 42 309 71 296 104 46 176 153 233 132 94 220 272 141 26 104 266 94 168 168 294 71 120 28 46 3 132 220 176 240 83 255 71 266 Erie, Pa................................................. Eugene-Springfield, Ore.................................. Evansville-Henderson, Ind.-Ky............................ Fargo-Moorhead, N.D.-Minn................................ Fayetteville, N.C........................................ Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, Ark...................... Flint, Mich.............................................. Florence, Ala............................................ Florence, S.C............................................ Fort Collins-Loveland, Colo.............................. Fort Lauderdale, Fla..................................... Fort Myers-Cape Coral, Fla............................... Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, Fla.......................... Fort Smith, Ark.-Okla.................................... Fort Walton Beach, Fla................................... Fort Wayne, Ind.......................................... Fort Worth-Arlington, Tex................................ Fresno, Calif............................................ Gadsden, Ala............................................. Gainesville, Fla......................................... Galveston-Texas City, Tex................................ Gary, Ind................................................ Glens Falls, N.Y......................................... Goldsboro, N.C........................................... Grand Forks, N.D.-Minn................................... Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, Mich...................... Great Falls, Mont........................................ Greeley, Colo............................................ Green Bay, Wis........................................... Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point, N.C................. Greenville, N.C.......................................... Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, S.C..................... Hagerstown, Md........................................... Hamilton-Middletown, Ohio................................ Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, Pa.......................... Hartford, Conn........................................... Hattiesburg, Miss........................................ Hickory-Morganton, N.C................................... Honolulu, Hawaii......................................... Houma, La................................................ Houston, Tex............................................. Huntington-Ashland, W.Va.-Ky.-Ohio....................... Huntsville, Ala.......................................... Indianapolis, Ind........................................ Iowa City, Iowa.......................................... Jackson, Mich............................................ Jackson, Miss............................................ Jackson, Tenn............................................ Jacksonville, Fla........................................ 24,518 22,510 23,821 21,397 20,928 21,597 33,219 21,798 21,681 24,221 25,830 21,814 22,275 20,982 19,325 24,774 26,463 21,253 22,609 21,302 25,178 26,671 23,204 19,476 19,416 26,431 19,985 22,929 25,289 24,197 22,490 23,497 22,983 25,804 25,982 33,172 20,063 21,385 27,736 22,431 30,349 23,368 30,389 27,437 24,131 26,414 23,030 22,591 24,315 25,204 23,206 24,269 22,087 21,557 22,363 33,389 22,310 22,605 24,983 26,695 22,230 23,065 21,461 19,789 25,557 27,454 21,332 23,558 21,822 26,361 27,498 23,346 20,343 19,918 27,297 20,213 23,468 26,298 25,229 22,635 24,667 23,695 26,601 26,856 33,948 20,867 21,724 27,936 22,969 31,390 23,408 31,233 28,081 24,798 26,848 24,193 23,901 25,255 2.8 3.1 1.9 3.2 3.0 3.6 0.5 2.3 4.3 3.1 3.3 1.9 3.5 2.3 2.4 3.2 3.7 0.4 4.2 2.4 4.7 3.1 0.6 4.5 2.6 3.3 1.1 2.3 4.0 4.3 0.6 5.0 3.1 3.1 3.4 2.3 4.0 1.6 0.7 2.4 3.4 0.2 2.8 2.3 2.8 1.6 5.1 5.8 3.9 130 208 166 255 272 244 15 247 235 139 91 252 217 274 302 119 66 277 193 263 102 65 200 294 300 72 296 195 103 129 232 153 185 92 85 13 286 267 52 221 25 197 26 49 147 87 168 177 128 183 153 255 141 168 94 301 233 42 153 132 255 104 233 224 141 83 303 46 224 23 153 299 28 214 132 293 233 59 42 299 15 153 153 120 233 59 272 297 224 120 307 183 233 183 272 13 7 66 Jacksonville, N.C........................................ Jamestown, N.Y........................................... Janesville-Beloit, Wis................................... Jersey City, N.J......................................... Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, Tenn.-Va................. Johnstown, Pa............................................ Joplin, Mo............................................... Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Mich............................. Kankakee, Ill............................................ Kansas City, Mo.-Kan..................................... Kenosha, Wis............................................. Killeen-Temple, Tex...................................... Knoxville, Tenn.......................................... Kokomo, Ind.............................................. LaCrosse, Wis.-Minn...................................... Lafayette, Ind........................................... Lafayette, La............................................ Lake Charles, La......................................... Lakeland-Winter Haven, Fla............................... Lancaster, Pa............................................ Lansing-East Lansing, Mich............................... Laredo, Tex.............................................. Las Cruces, N.M.......................................... Las Vegas, Nev.-Ariz..................................... Lawrence, Kan............................................ Lawton, Okla............................................. Lewiston-Auburn, Maine................................... Lexington, Ky............................................ Lima, Ohio............................................... Lincoln, Neb............................................. Little Rock-North Little Rock, Ark....................... Longview-Marshall, Tex................................... Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif............................ Louisville, Ky.-Ind...................................... Lubbock, Tex............................................. Lynchburg, Va............................................ Macon, Ga................................................ Madison, Wis............................................. Mansfield, Ohio.......................................... McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex............................ Medford-Ashland, Ore..................................... Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, Fla....................... Memphis, Tenn.-Ark.-Miss................................. Merced, Calif............................................ Miami, Fla............................................... Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J........................ Milwaukee-Waukesha, Wis.................................. Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.-Wis.......................... Mobile, Ala.............................................. 16,332 22,051 25,819 33,012 22,643 20,644 20,296 26,517 22,991 26,601 24,001 20,850 23,711 33,231 21,517 24,487 21,974 24,741 22,377 24,838 28,026 18,730 19,451 25,247 20,287 20,268 20,809 23,510 24,359 22,564 23,678 22,397 31,831 24,627 21,259 22,340 23,333 25,432 22,908 17,683 21,541 26,325 25,840 20,007 26,488 36,690 26,958 29,102 22,687 16,951 22,358 26,885 34,621 23,424 21,085 21,359 27,259 23,952 27,597 24,933 21,589 24,567 33,967 21,876 25,263 22,735 25,399 23,238 25,605 28,151 19,174 19,997 26,263 20,860 20,780 21,582 24,501 24,694 23,285 24,569 23,080 32,445 25,554 21,529 23,074 23,850 26,364 23,584 18,031 22,112 26,853 26,915 20,253 27,452 37,925 27,926 30,185 23,318 3.8 1.4 4.1 4.9 3.5 2.1 5.2 2.8 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.5 3.6 2.2 1.7 3.2 3.5 2.7 3.9 3.1 0.4 2.4 2.8 4.0 2.8 2.5 3.7 4.2 1.4 3.2 3.8 3.0 1.9 3.8 1.3 3.3 2.2 3.7 2.9 2.0 2.7 2.0 4.2 1.2 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.7 2.8 311 245 83 11 196 282 276 75 175 61 141 270 158 12 261 127 231 123 205 117 48 306 298 105 287 288 271 159 150 203 157 215 19 120 273 216 181 101 192 309 253 86 81 295 67 4 53 29 201 71 282 54 19 104 246 11 183 46 83 66 104 94 240 266 141 104 208 66 153 303 224 183 59 183 220 83 46 282 141 71 168 255 71 287 132 240 83 176 251 208 251 46 291 94 120 94 83 183 Modesto, Calif........................................... Monmouth-Ocean, N.J...................................... Monroe, La............................................... Montgomery, Ala.......................................... Muncie, Ind.............................................. Myrtle Beach, S.C........................................ Naples, Fla.............................................. Nashville, Tenn.......................................... Nassau-Suffolk, N.Y...................................... New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Danbury-Waterbury, Conn.... New London-Norwich, Conn................................. New Orleans, La.......................................... New York, N.Y............................................ Newark, N.J.............................................. Newburgh, N.Y.-Pa........................................ Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, Va.-N.C............. Oakland, Calif........................................... Ocala, Fla............................................... Odessa-Midland, Tex...................................... Oklahoma City, Okla...................................... Olympia, Wash............................................ Omaha, Neb.-Iowa......................................... Orange County, Calif..................................... Orlando, Fla............................................. Owensboro, Ky............................................ Panama City, Fla......................................... Parkersburg-Marietta, W.Va.-Ohio......................... Pensacola, Fla........................................... Peoria-Pekin, Ill........................................ Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J.................................... Phoenix-Mesa, Ariz....................................... Pine Bluff, Ark.......................................... Pittsburgh, Pa........................................... Pittsfield, Mass......................................... Portland, Maine.......................................... Portland-Vancouver, Ore.-Wash............................ Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, R.I........................ Provo-Orem, Utah......................................... Pueblo, Colo............................................. Punta Gorda, Fla......................................... Racine, Wis.............................................. Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, N.C.......................... Rapid City, S.D.......................................... Reading, Pa.............................................. Redding, Calif........................................... Reno, Nev................................................ Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, Wash........................... Richmond-Petersburg, Va.................................. Riverside-San Bernardino, Calif.......................... 23,037 28,338 21,978 22,984 23,671 17,498 21,568 26,200 30,765 35,535 30,015 24,748 39,933 35,910 24,507 22,988 32,157 20,273 24,722 23,298 25,300 23,748 30,315 23,630 20,784 19,858 23,475 22,078 27,010 30,519 25,738 21,740 27,121 24,658 24,455 27,065 25,515 21,377 21,066 20,048 26,410 26,703 19,584 26,705 23,431 25,632 26,835 26,483 24,477 23,374 29,033 22,977 23,798 24,123 17,910 22,747 27,345 31,635 37,546 30,892 25,594 42,272 37,224 25,016 23,540 33,180 21,084 25,032 23,626 26,083 24,977 30,889 24,448 21,371 20,489 24,000 22,509 27,548 31,695 26,748 22,457 28,051 25,513 25,359 28,357 26,487 22,848 21,869 21,058 26,861 27,925 20,107 27,442 23,590 26,513 27,570 27,596 24,816 1.5 2.5 4.5 3.5 1.9 2.4 5.5 4.4 2.8 5.7 2.9 3.4 5.9 3.7 2.1 2.4 3.2 4.0 1.3 1.4 3.1 5.2 1.9 3.5 2.8 3.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 3.9 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.7 4.8 3.8 6.9 3.8 5.0 1.7 4.6 2.7 2.8 0.7 3.4 2.7 4.2 1.4 199 39 220 182 170 310 229 69 21 5 27 118 2 6 138 194 16 283 136 187 107 140 28 162 275 292 174 240 64 20 90 242 51 121 125 47 96 225 262 284 84 54 297 68 191 95 63 62 145 279 220 28 104 255 224 9 37 183 8 176 120 6 83 246 224 141 59 287 282 153 11 255 104 183 141 240 251 251 66 66 132 120 104 83 22 71 2 71 15 266 26 208 183 297 120 208 46 282 Roanoke, Va.............................................. Rochester, Minn.......................................... Rochester, N.Y........................................... Rockford, Ill............................................ Rocky Mount, N.C......................................... Sacramento, Calif........................................ Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, Mich........................... Salem, Ore............................................... Salinas, Calif........................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden, Utah............................... San Angelo, Tex.......................................... San Antonio, Tex......................................... San Diego, Calif......................................... San Francisco, Calif..................................... San Jose, Calif.......................................... San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, Calif............ Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, Calif.................. Santa Cruz-Watsonville, Calif............................ Santa Fe, N.M............................................ Santa Rosa, Calif........................................ Sarasota-Bradenton, Fla.................................. Savannah, Ga............................................. Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton, Pa....................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, Wash........................... Sharon, Pa............................................... Sheboygan, Wis........................................... Sherman-Denison, Tex..................................... Shreveport-Bossier City, La.............................. Sioux City, Iowa-Neb..................................... Sioux Falls, S.D......................................... South Bend, Ind.......................................... Spokane, Wash............................................ Springfield, Ill......................................... Springfield, Mass........................................ Springfield, Mo.......................................... St. Cloud, Minn.......................................... St. Joseph, Mo........................................... St. Louis, Mo.-Ill....................................... State College, Pa........................................ Steubenville-Weirton, Ohio-W.Va.......................... Stockton-Lodi, Calif..................................... Sumter, S.C.............................................. Syracuse, N.Y............................................ Tacoma, Wash............................................. Tallahassee, Fla......................................... Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Fla..................... Terre Haute, Ind......................................... Texarkana, Tex.-Texarkana, Ark........................... Toledo, Ohio............................................. 22,825 28,262 28,299 26,488 21,749 28,125 29,080 22,419 23,462 23,839 20,543 23,016 27,261 36,510 39,123 22,327 25,390 24,068 22,596 25,232 21,282 23,130 22,430 30,181 22,403 24,411 23,231 22,990 21,367 21,979 24,115 22,828 27,963 25,661 21,183 21,253 21,911 27,392 23,641 25,254 24,263 19,334 26,577 23,832 22,246 23,767 21,972 21,169 25,921 23,951 29,155 29,302 27,229 22,532 29,289 29,863 23,108 24,261 24,693 21,124 23,725 27,842 37,975 42,409 23,026 25,806 25,036 23,613 26,178 22,279 23,865 23,278 31,550 22,815 24,874 23,879 23,408 22,443 22,739 25,096 23,595 28,614 26,437 22,111 21,717 22,279 28,599 24,298 25,649 24,376 19,880 27,267 24,687 23,141 24,650 22,583 21,770 26,907 4.9 3.2 3.5 2.8 3.6 4.1 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.6 2.8 3.1 2.1 4.0 8.4 3.1 1.6 4.0 4.5 3.7 4.7 3.2 3.8 4.5 1.8 1.9 2.8 1.8 5.0 3.5 4.1 3.4 2.3 3.0 4.4 2.2 1.7 4.4 2.8 1.6 0.5 2.8 2.6 3.6 4.0 3.7 2.8 2.8 3.8 176 38 36 76 239 37 34 211 167 151 281 184 57 3 1 219 114 135 189 106 248 180 204 22 226 143 178 197 243 230 134 190 44 98 254 268 248 45 165 115 163 301 73 152 210 155 237 264 82 19 141 104 183 94 54 208 153 120 94 183 153 246 59 1 153 272 59 28 83 23 141 71 28 263 255 183 263 15 104 54 120 233 168 37 240 266 37 183 272 301 183 214 94 59 83 183 183 71 Topeka, Kan.............................................. 23,912 24,904 4.1 142 Trenton, N.J............................................. 35,345 36,614 3.6 7 Tucson, Ariz............................................. 22,286 23,622 6.0 188 Tulsa, Okla.............................................. 24,805 25,338 2.1 126 Tuscaloosa, Ala.......................................... 23,772 24,487 3.0 161 Tyler, Tex............................................... 23,729 24,176 1.9 169 Utica-Rome, N.Y.......................................... 22,808 23,207 1.8 207 Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, Calif............................ 26,181 25,464 -2.7 122 Ventura, Calif........................................... 26,905 27,262 1.3 74 Victoria, Tex............................................ 21,553 22,267 3.3 250 Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, N.J........................ 26,430 27,104 2.6 77 Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, Calif........................ 18,807 19,457 3.5 304 Waco, Tex................................................ 21,777 22,534 3.5 238 Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va............................ 33,947 34,891 2.8 9 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, Iowa............................... 24,181 24,813 2.6 146 Wausau, Wis.............................................. 23,313 24,112 3.4 171 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, Fla.......................... 26,617 27,911 4.9 55 Wheeling, W.Va.-Ohio..................................... 21,516 21,769 1.2 265 Wichita, Kan............................................. 25,291 26,388 4.3 99 Wichita Falls, Tex....................................... 20,624 21,264 3.1 279 Williamsport, Pa......................................... 22,368 23,093 3.2 214 Wilmington-Newark, Del.-Md............................... 30,175 31,439 4.2 24 Wilmington, N.C.......................................... 22,552 23,233 3.0 206 Yakima, Wash............................................. 18,398 19,271 4.7 305 Yolo, Calif.............................................. 27,825 28,616 2.8 43 York, Pa................................................. 25,113 26,074 3.8 108 Youngstown-Warren, Ohio.................................. 25,025 25,380 1.4 124 Yuba City, Calif......................................... 21,145 21,237 0.4 280 Yuma, Ariz............................................... 17,996 18,286 1.6 308 1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 2/ Includes data for Metropolitan Statistical Areas as of July 5, 1994. In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See Technical Note. 3/ Data are preliminary. 4/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and may differ from those computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar. 54 94 5 246 168 255 263 311 287 132 214 104 104 183 214 120 19 291 42 153 141 46 168 23 183 71 282 303 272 Table 2. Average annual pay for 1994 and 1995 for all covered workers 1/ by Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area Average annual pay Ranking of areas By percent By level of change in Percent average average change, annual pay annual pay, Consolidated metropolitan statistical area 2/ 1994 1995 3/ 1994-95 4/ for 1995 1994-95 All consolidated metropolitan statistical areas.....$31,469 $32,642 3.7 --Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H..... 31,403 32,791 4.4 5 4 Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, Ill.-Ind.-Wis...................... 30,888 32,047 3.8 6 10 Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind....................... 26,958 27,886 3.4 15 14 Cleveland-Akron, Ohio.................................... 27,585 28,382 2.9 14 16 Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex................................... 29,050 30,340 4.4 10 4 Denver-Boulder-Greeley, Colo............................. 28,416 29,531 3.9 12 9 Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich............................ 32,788 34,118 4.1 3 7 Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, Tex.......................... 30,059 31,107 3.5 8 12 Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, Calif............... 30,368 30,912 1.8 9 18 Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla............................... 26,239 27,161 3.5 18 12 Milwaukee-Racine, Wis.................................... 26,909 27,830 3.4 16 14 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Conn. 36,357 38,047 4.6 1 2 Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, Pa.-N.J.-Del.-Md.. 30,120 31,238 3.7 7 11 Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash................................ 26,427 27,648 4.6 17 2 Sacramento-Yolo, Calif................................... 28,092 29,214 4.0 13 8 San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif.................... 34,475 36,187 5.0 2 1 Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash........................... 28,809 30,052 4.3 11 6 Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va.................. 31,920 32,807 2.8 4 17 1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 2/ Includes data for Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas as of July 5, 1994. In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See Technical Note. 3/ Data are preliminary. 4/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and may differ from those computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.