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Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov
Technical information: (202) 606-6567

USDL 96-463

Media contact:

For release: 10:00 A.M.
Friday, November 8, 1996

606-5902

EST

AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY LEVELS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, 1995
The average annual pay of employees in metropolitan areas increased 3.5
percent from 1994 to 1995, according to preliminary data released today by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The
average annual pay level for jobs in the nation's 311 metropolitan areas
was $29,105 in 1995, up from $28,125 in 1994. Average annual pay for the
entire nation, metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas combined, was
$27,845 in 1995. (Average annual pay data by state and industry were
issued on September 25, 1996.)
Annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by employers subject
to state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) laws covering 115.5
million full- and part-time workers. Average annual pay is computed by
dividing the total annual payrolls of employees covered under UI programs
by the average monthly number of these employees. (See Technical Note
beginning on page 3.) Pay differences between areas reflect the varying
composition of employment by occupation, industry, and hours of work, as
well as other factors. Similarly, over-the-year pay changes may reflect
shifts in these characteristics, as well as changes in the level of average
pay. Along with pay data for 311 Metropolitan Statistical Areas and
Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas, table 2 of this release includes
averages and rankings for the 18 areas designated as Consolidated
Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (See Technical Note for definitions.)
Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas
San Jose, Calif., led the nation with an average annual pay level of
$42,409 in 1995. (See table 1.) New York, N.Y., had the second highest
average annual pay level ($42,272), followed by San Francisco, Calif.
($37,975), Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J. ($37,925), and New HavenBridgeport-Stamford-Danbury-Waterbury, Conn. ($37,546). Average pay levels
in these five metropolitan areas ranged from 29 to 46 percent above the
average for all metropolitan areas in the nation. Of the 311 metropolitan
areas, 38 reported average annual pay levels above the national
metropolitan pay average of $29,105, and 31 had average pay levels in
excess of $30,000.
Jacksonville, N.C., recorded the lowest average annual pay level among
metropolitan areas in 1995 ($16,951), followed by Myrtle Beach, S.C.

($17,910), McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex. ($18,031), Yuma, Ariz. ($18,286),
and Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex. ($18,566). Average annual pay
in the five bottom-ranked metropolitan areas averaged 36 to 42 percent
below the national metropolitan pay average. A total of 14 metropolitan
areas reported average annual pay levels below $20,000.
The largest percentage increase in average annual pay from 1994 to 1995
occurred in San Jose, Calif. (8.4 percent), followed by Provo-Orem, Utah
(6.9 percent), Dover, Del. (6.2 percent), Boise City, Idaho (6.1 percent),
and Tucson, Ariz. (6.0 percent). 65 metropolitan areas experienced pay
increases of 4.0 percent or greater in 1995.
- 2 From 1994 to 1995, average annual pay declined in three metropolitan
areas. Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, Calif., had the largest drop (-2.7
percent), followed by Anchorage, Alaska (-1.3 percent), and Cheyenne, Wyo.
(-1.1 percent). In addition to the three areas in which average pay levels
declined, 13 metropolitan areas experienced pay growth rates of less than 1
percent.
Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas
Average annual pay in the 18 consolidated metropolitan statistical areas
increased by 3.7 percent between 1994 and 1995, from $31,469 to $32,642.
(See table 2.) The New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.Conn.-Pa., consolidated metropolitan area had the highest pay level, at
$38,047, followed by San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif. ($36,187),
Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich. ($34,118), Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.Va.-W.Va. ($32,807), and Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.N.H. ($32,791).
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla., had the lowest average annual pay level of
the consolidated metropolitan areas, with an average of $27,161 in 1995.
Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash., was second lowest ($27,648), followed by
Milwaukee-Racine, Wis. ($27,830), Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind.
($27,886), and Cleveland-Akron, Ohio ($28,382).
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif., had the highest percentage
increase in average annual pay between 1994 and 1995 (5.0 percent). The
next largest increases were in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island,
N.Y.-N.J.-Conn.-Pa., and Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash. (4.6 percent each), and
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H., and Dallas-Fort
Worth, Tex. (4.4 percent each).
None of the 18 consolidated metropolitan areas reported a decline in
average annual pay in 1995. The smallest increase occurred in Los AngelesRiverside-Orange County, Calif. (1.8 percent), followed by WashingtonBaltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va. (2.8 percent), Cleveland-Akron, Ohio (2.9

percent), Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind., and Milwaukee-Racine, Wis.
(3.4 percent each).
- 3 Technical Note

These data are the product of a Federal-State cooperative program in
which State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) prepare summaries of
employment and total pay of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI)
legislation. The summaries are a by-product of the administration of state
unemployment insurance programs that require most employers to pay
quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of workers covered by UI.
Data for 1995 are preliminary and subject to revision. A news release
providing average annual pay data by state and industry was issued on
September 25, 1996 (USDL 96-393).
Coverage
Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for
federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for
Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution
reports submitted to the SESAs by employers. In addition to the quarterly
contribution report, employers who operate multiple establishments within a
state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report,"
which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of
their establishments. Average annual pay data included in this release are
derived from summaries of employment and wages submitted by states to
the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to
state. In 1995, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 115.5 million
jobs, representing 96.7 percent of wage and salary civilian employment.
Covered workers received $3.216 trillion in pay representing 93.7 percent
of the wage and salary component of personal income and 44.3 percent of the
gross domestic product. About 82 percent of all covered workers were
employed in metropolitan areas. Total wages of workers in metropolitan
areas comprised approximately 86 percent of all covered wages in the
United States.
Major exclusions from UI coverage during 1995 included most agricultural
workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces, elected officials
in most states, most employees of railroads, some domestic workers, most
student workers at schools, and employees of certain small nonprofit
organizations.
Concepts and methodology

Average annual pay was computed by dividing total annual pay of
employees covered by unemployment insurance programs by the average monthly
number of these employees. Included in the annual payroll data are
bonuses, the cash value of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other
gratuities, and, in some states, employer contributions to certain deferred
compensation plans, such as 401(k) plans, and stock options.
Monthly employment is based on the number of workers who worked during or
received pay for the pay period including the 12th of the month. With few
exceptions, all employees of covered firms are reported, including
production and sales workers, corporation officials, executives,
supervisory personnel, and clerical workers. Workers on paid vacation
and part-time workers are also included. Percentage changes in average
annual pay were computed using final 1994 data as the base, which may
differ from the preliminary data issued last year.
- 4 Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time
workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying
occupations. When comparing average annual pay levels between metropolitan
areas, these factors should be taken into consideration. Annual pay
data only approximate annual earnings because an individual may not be
employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one
employer. Year to year changes in average annual pay can result from a
change in the proportion of employment in low and high wage jobs, as well
as from changes in the level of average annual pay.
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines metropolitan areas for
use in federal statistical activities and updates these definitions as
needed each summer. Data in this release use metropolitan area criteria
established by OMB in definitions issued July 5, 1994 (OMB Bulletin No.
94-07). These definitions reflect information obtained from the 1990
Decennial Census and the 1992 Census Bureau population estimates. A
complete list of metropolitan area definitions is available from the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Document Sales, 5285 Port
Royal Road, Springfield, Va. 22161, telephone 703-487-4650.
Generally speaking, a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a freestanding urban area that meets a specified size criteria. Primary
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs) are free-standing areas within very
large MSAs. Once an area is identified as a PMSA, the term MSA no longer
is used to describe the area. The large metropolitan area that is the sum
of the PMSAs is called a Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA).
The set of areas known as MSAs, PMSAs, and CMSAs are collectively
designated and referred to as metropolitan areas.
Current metropolitan area definitions are based on standards published
in the Federal Register on March 30, 1990 (55 FR12154-12160). Under the

1990 standards, an area qualifies for recognition as an MSA in one of two
ways: (1) if it includes a city of at least 50,000 population, or (2) if
it includes a Census Bureau-defined urbanized area (of at least 50,000
population) and has a total metropolitan population of at least 100,000
(75,000 in New England). In addition to the county(ies) containing the
main city or urbanized area, an MSA may include additional counties that
have strong economic and social ties to the central county(ies) and meet
other specified requirements of metropolitan character. The ties are
determined chiefly by census data on commuting to work. An MSA may contain
more than one city of 50,000 population and may cross state lines.
An area that meets these requirements for recognition as an MSA but also
has a total population of one million or more may be recognized as a CMSA
if: (1) separate component areas can be identified within the entire area
by meeting specified statistical criteria, and (2) local opinion indicates
there is support for the component areas. If recognized, the component
areas are designated PMSAs, and the entire area becomes a CMSA. If no
PMSAs are recognized, the entire area is an MSA.
OMB defines metropolitan areas in terms of entire counties, except in
the six New England states where they are defined in terms of cities and
towns. New England data in this news release, however, are based on a
county concept defined by OMB as New England County Metropolitan Areas
(NECMAs) because county-level data are the most detailed available from the
Covered Employment and Wages program. NECMAs are county-based alternatives
- 5 to the city- and town-based metropolitan areas in New England. The NECMA
for an MSA or CMSA includes: (1) the county containing the first-named
city in that MSA/CMSA title (this county may include the first-named cities
of other MSAs/CMSAs), and (2) each additional county having at least half
its population in the MSA(s)/CMSA(s) whose first-named cities are in the
county identified in step 1.
Additional statistics and other information
Average annual employment and pay data by state and county are available
upon request from the Division of Occupational and Administrative
Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor,
Washington, DC 20212, telephone 202-606-6567. The comprehensive bulletin,
Employment and Wages, features information by detailed industry on
establishments, employment, and wages for the nation and all states. The
bulletin for 1995, which is due to be issued in late 1996, will be
available for sale from the BLS Publication Sales Center, P.O. Box 2145,
Chicago, Illinois 60690.
This news release, along with other BLS statistics and information, is
available via the Internet at the BLS World Wide Web site

(http://stats.bls.gov). Information in this release will be made available
to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT;
TDD phone: 202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone number:
1-800-326-2577.
Table 1. Average annual pay for 1994 and 1995 for all covered workers 1/ by metropolitan area
Average annual pay
Ranking of areas
By percent
By level of change in
Percent
average
average
change,
annual pay
annual pay,
Metropolitan area 2/
1994
1995 3/ 1994-95 4/ for 1995
1994-95
All metropolitan areas..............................$28,125 $29,105
3.5
----Abilene, Tex............................................. 20,320
20,365
0.2
293
307
Akron, Ohio.............................................. 26,357
27,090
2.8
78
183
Albany, Ga............................................... 23,317
23,877
2.4
179
224
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, N.Y............................. 27,231
27,694
1.7
59
266
Albuquerque, N.M......................................... 24,309
25,019
2.9
137
176
Alexandria, La........................................... 20,712
21,268
2.7
278
208
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Pa........................... 26,602
27,804
4.5
58
28
Altoona, Pa.............................................. 21,127
21,768
3.0
266
168
Amarillo, Tex............................................ 22,108
22,633
2.4
233
224
Anchorage, Alaska........................................ 34,098
33,650
-1.3
14
310
Ann Arbor, Mich.......................................... 29,258
30,013
2.6
31
214
Anniston, Ala............................................ 21,433
22,024
2.8
256
183
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, Wis............................. 25,381
26,279
3.5
104
104
Asheville, N.C........................................... 21,892
22,880
4.5
223
28
Athens, Ga............................................... 22,234
22,761
2.4
228
224
Atlanta, Ga.............................................. 28,688
29,952
4.4
32
37
Atlantic-Cape May, N.J................................... 26,185
26,585
1.5
93
279
Augusta-Aiken, Ga.-S.C................................... 24,919
25,609
2.8
116
183
Austin-San Marcos, Tex................................... 25,618
26,922
5.1
80
13
Bakersfield, Calif....................................... 24,591
24,659
0.3
154
306
Baltimore, Md............................................ 27,955
28,745
2.8
41
183
Bangor, Maine............................................ 22,335
22,953
2.8
222
183
Barnstable-Yarmouth, Mass................................ 22,371
23,097
3.2
212
141
Baton Rouge, La.......................................... 24,410
25,172
3.1
132
153
Beaumont-Port Arthur, Tex................................ 26,397
26,827
1.6
88
272
Bellingham, Wash......................................... 21,554
22,357
3.7
246
83
Benton Harbor, Mich...................................... 24,854
25,188
1.3
131
287
Bergen-Passaic, N.J...................................... 34,675
35,746
3.1
8
153
Billings, Mont........................................... 22,320
22,813
2.2
227
240
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, Miss......................... 22,299
22,869
2.6
224
214
Binghamton, N.Y.......................................... 25,744
26,008
1.0
110
294
Birmingham, Ala.......................................... 26,252
27,337
4.1
71
54
Bismarck, N.D............................................ 21,317
22,014
3.3
257
132
Bloomington, Ind......................................... 21,880
22,590
3.2
236
141
Bloomington-Normal, Ill.................................. 27,769
29,020
4.5
40
28
Boise City, Idaho........................................ 24,571
26,072
6.1
109
4
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H..... 31,403
32,791
4.4
17
37

Boulder-Longmont, Colo...................................
Brazoria, Tex............................................
Bremerton, Wash..........................................
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex....................
Bryan-College Station, Tex...............................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, N.Y...............................
Burlington, Vt...........................................
Canton-Massillon, Ohio...................................
Casper, Wyo..............................................
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.......................................
Champaign-Urbana, Ill....................................
Charleston-North Charleston, S.C.........................
Charleston, W.Va.........................................
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, N.C.-S.C...................
Charlottesville, Va......................................
Chattanooga, Tenn.-Ga....................................
Cheyenne, Wyo............................................
Chicago, Ill.............................................
Chico-Paradise, Calif....................................
Cincinnati, Ohio-Ky.-Ind.................................
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, Tenn.-Ky.......................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, Ohio............................
Colorado Springs, Colo...................................
Columbia, Mo.............................................
Columbia, S.C............................................
Columbus, Ga.-Ala........................................
Columbus, Ohio...........................................
Corpus Christi, Tex......................................
Cumberland, Md.-W.Va.....................................
Dallas, Tex..............................................
Danville, Va.............................................
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, Iowa-Ill...................
Dayton-Springfield, Ohio.................................
Daytona Beach, Fla.......................................
Decatur, Ala.............................................
Decatur, Ill.............................................
Denver, Colo.............................................
Des Moines, Iowa.........................................
Detroit, Mich............................................
Dothan, Ala..............................................
Dover, Del...............................................
Dubuque, Iowa............................................
Duluth-Superior, Minn.-Wis...............................
Dutchess County, N.Y.....................................
Eau Claire, Wis..........................................
El Paso, Tex.............................................
Elkhart-Goshen, Ind......................................
Elmira, N.Y..............................................
Enid, Okla...............................................

26,948
28,941
25,095
17,952
19,255
25,780
25,582
23,945
22,152
25,706
23,318
22,175
25,116
26,520
23,860
23,747
22,167
31,340
20,380
27,106
19,893
27,927
23,754
22,636
22,901
21,478
26,291
23,660
21,268
30,105
21,192
25,434
26,721
19,895
24,133
27,071
28,965
25,509
33,201
22,155
21,709
23,277
22,712
28,860
21,151
20,221
24,690
22,880
19,601

28,441
29,892
25,877
18,566
19,788
26,749
26,480
24,644
22,621
26,572
24,356
22,508
25,845
27,859
24,705
24,775
21,913
32,524
20,573
28,057
20,728
28,742
24,500
23,150
23,647
22,255
26,948
24,032
21,958
31,502
21,931
25,861
27,673
20,494
24,853
27,339
30,059
26,376
34,706
23,094
23,054
24,053
23,288
29,707
21,613
20,971
25,155
23,749
19,934

5.5
3.3
3.1
3.4
2.8
3.8
3.5
2.9
2.1
3.4
4.5
1.5
2.9
5.0
3.5
4.3
-1.1
3.8
0.9
3.5
4.2
2.9
3.1
2.3
3.3
3.6
2.5
1.6
3.2
4.6
3.5
1.7
3.6
3.0
3.0
1.0
3.8
3.4
4.5
4.2
6.2
3.3
2.5
2.9
2.2
3.7
1.9
3.8
1.7

46
33
111
307
303
89
97
156
234
94
164
241
113
56
149
148
260
18
290
50
289
42
160
209
186
251
79
173
258
23
259
112
60
291
144
70
30
100
10
213
218
172
202
35
269
285
133
183
299

9
132
153
120
183
71
104
176
246
120
28
279
176
15
104
42
309
71
296
104
46
176
153
233
132
94
220
272
141
26
104
266
94
168
168
294
71
120
28
46
3
132
220
176
240
83
255
71
266

Erie, Pa.................................................
Eugene-Springfield, Ore..................................
Evansville-Henderson, Ind.-Ky............................
Fargo-Moorhead, N.D.-Minn................................
Fayetteville, N.C........................................
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, Ark......................
Flint, Mich..............................................
Florence, Ala............................................
Florence, S.C............................................
Fort Collins-Loveland, Colo..............................
Fort Lauderdale, Fla.....................................
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, Fla...............................
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, Fla..........................
Fort Smith, Ark.-Okla....................................
Fort Walton Beach, Fla...................................
Fort Wayne, Ind..........................................
Fort Worth-Arlington, Tex................................
Fresno, Calif............................................
Gadsden, Ala.............................................
Gainesville, Fla.........................................
Galveston-Texas City, Tex................................
Gary, Ind................................................
Glens Falls, N.Y.........................................
Goldsboro, N.C...........................................
Grand Forks, N.D.-Minn...................................
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, Mich......................
Great Falls, Mont........................................
Greeley, Colo............................................
Green Bay, Wis...........................................
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point, N.C.................
Greenville, N.C..........................................
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, S.C.....................
Hagerstown, Md...........................................
Hamilton-Middletown, Ohio................................
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, Pa..........................
Hartford, Conn...........................................
Hattiesburg, Miss........................................
Hickory-Morganton, N.C...................................
Honolulu, Hawaii.........................................
Houma, La................................................
Houston, Tex.............................................
Huntington-Ashland, W.Va.-Ky.-Ohio.......................
Huntsville, Ala..........................................
Indianapolis, Ind........................................
Iowa City, Iowa..........................................
Jackson, Mich............................................
Jackson, Miss............................................
Jackson, Tenn............................................
Jacksonville, Fla........................................

24,518
22,510
23,821
21,397
20,928
21,597
33,219
21,798
21,681
24,221
25,830
21,814
22,275
20,982
19,325
24,774
26,463
21,253
22,609
21,302
25,178
26,671
23,204
19,476
19,416
26,431
19,985
22,929
25,289
24,197
22,490
23,497
22,983
25,804
25,982
33,172
20,063
21,385
27,736
22,431
30,349
23,368
30,389
27,437
24,131
26,414
23,030
22,591
24,315

25,204
23,206
24,269
22,087
21,557
22,363
33,389
22,310
22,605
24,983
26,695
22,230
23,065
21,461
19,789
25,557
27,454
21,332
23,558
21,822
26,361
27,498
23,346
20,343
19,918
27,297
20,213
23,468
26,298
25,229
22,635
24,667
23,695
26,601
26,856
33,948
20,867
21,724
27,936
22,969
31,390
23,408
31,233
28,081
24,798
26,848
24,193
23,901
25,255

2.8
3.1
1.9
3.2
3.0
3.6
0.5
2.3
4.3
3.1
3.3
1.9
3.5
2.3
2.4
3.2
3.7
0.4
4.2
2.4
4.7
3.1
0.6
4.5
2.6
3.3
1.1
2.3
4.0
4.3
0.6
5.0
3.1
3.1
3.4
2.3
4.0
1.6
0.7
2.4
3.4
0.2
2.8
2.3
2.8
1.6
5.1
5.8
3.9

130
208
166
255
272
244
15
247
235
139
91
252
217
274
302
119
66
277
193
263
102
65
200
294
300
72
296
195
103
129
232
153
185
92
85
13
286
267
52
221
25
197
26
49
147
87
168
177
128

183
153
255
141
168
94
301
233
42
153
132
255
104
233
224
141
83
303
46
224
23
153
299
28
214
132
293
233
59
42
299
15
153
153
120
233
59
272
297
224
120
307
183
233
183
272
13
7
66

Jacksonville, N.C........................................
Jamestown, N.Y...........................................
Janesville-Beloit, Wis...................................
Jersey City, N.J.........................................
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, Tenn.-Va.................
Johnstown, Pa............................................
Joplin, Mo...............................................
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Mich.............................
Kankakee, Ill............................................
Kansas City, Mo.-Kan.....................................
Kenosha, Wis.............................................
Killeen-Temple, Tex......................................
Knoxville, Tenn..........................................
Kokomo, Ind..............................................
LaCrosse, Wis.-Minn......................................
Lafayette, Ind...........................................
Lafayette, La............................................
Lake Charles, La.........................................
Lakeland-Winter Haven, Fla...............................
Lancaster, Pa............................................
Lansing-East Lansing, Mich...............................
Laredo, Tex..............................................
Las Cruces, N.M..........................................
Las Vegas, Nev.-Ariz.....................................
Lawrence, Kan............................................
Lawton, Okla.............................................
Lewiston-Auburn, Maine...................................
Lexington, Ky............................................
Lima, Ohio...............................................
Lincoln, Neb.............................................
Little Rock-North Little Rock, Ark.......................
Longview-Marshall, Tex...................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif............................
Louisville, Ky.-Ind......................................
Lubbock, Tex.............................................
Lynchburg, Va............................................
Macon, Ga................................................
Madison, Wis.............................................
Mansfield, Ohio..........................................
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex............................
Medford-Ashland, Ore.....................................
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, Fla.......................
Memphis, Tenn.-Ark.-Miss.................................
Merced, Calif............................................
Miami, Fla...............................................
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J........................
Milwaukee-Waukesha, Wis..................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.-Wis..........................
Mobile, Ala..............................................

16,332
22,051
25,819
33,012
22,643
20,644
20,296
26,517
22,991
26,601
24,001
20,850
23,711
33,231
21,517
24,487
21,974
24,741
22,377
24,838
28,026
18,730
19,451
25,247
20,287
20,268
20,809
23,510
24,359
22,564
23,678
22,397
31,831
24,627
21,259
22,340
23,333
25,432
22,908
17,683
21,541
26,325
25,840
20,007
26,488
36,690
26,958
29,102
22,687

16,951
22,358
26,885
34,621
23,424
21,085
21,359
27,259
23,952
27,597
24,933
21,589
24,567
33,967
21,876
25,263
22,735
25,399
23,238
25,605
28,151
19,174
19,997
26,263
20,860
20,780
21,582
24,501
24,694
23,285
24,569
23,080
32,445
25,554
21,529
23,074
23,850
26,364
23,584
18,031
22,112
26,853
26,915
20,253
27,452
37,925
27,926
30,185
23,318

3.8
1.4
4.1
4.9
3.5
2.1
5.2
2.8
4.2
3.7
3.9
3.5
3.6
2.2
1.7
3.2
3.5
2.7
3.9
3.1
0.4
2.4
2.8
4.0
2.8
2.5
3.7
4.2
1.4
3.2
3.8
3.0
1.9
3.8
1.3
3.3
2.2
3.7
2.9
2.0
2.7
2.0
4.2
1.2
3.6
3.4
3.6
3.7
2.8

311
245
83
11
196
282
276
75
175
61
141
270
158
12
261
127
231
123
205
117
48
306
298
105
287
288
271
159
150
203
157
215
19
120
273
216
181
101
192
309
253
86
81
295
67
4
53
29
201

71
282
54
19
104
246
11
183
46
83
66
104
94
240
266
141
104
208
66
153
303
224
183
59
183
220
83
46
282
141
71
168
255
71
287
132
240
83
176
251
208
251
46
291
94
120
94
83
183

Modesto, Calif...........................................
Monmouth-Ocean, N.J......................................
Monroe, La...............................................
Montgomery, Ala..........................................
Muncie, Ind..............................................
Myrtle Beach, S.C........................................
Naples, Fla..............................................
Nashville, Tenn..........................................
Nassau-Suffolk, N.Y......................................
New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Danbury-Waterbury, Conn....
New London-Norwich, Conn.................................
New Orleans, La..........................................
New York, N.Y............................................
Newark, N.J..............................................
Newburgh, N.Y.-Pa........................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, Va.-N.C.............
Oakland, Calif...........................................
Ocala, Fla...............................................
Odessa-Midland, Tex......................................
Oklahoma City, Okla......................................
Olympia, Wash............................................
Omaha, Neb.-Iowa.........................................
Orange County, Calif.....................................
Orlando, Fla.............................................
Owensboro, Ky............................................
Panama City, Fla.........................................
Parkersburg-Marietta, W.Va.-Ohio.........................
Pensacola, Fla...........................................
Peoria-Pekin, Ill........................................
Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J....................................
Phoenix-Mesa, Ariz.......................................
Pine Bluff, Ark..........................................
Pittsburgh, Pa...........................................
Pittsfield, Mass.........................................
Portland, Maine..........................................
Portland-Vancouver, Ore.-Wash............................
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, R.I........................
Provo-Orem, Utah.........................................
Pueblo, Colo.............................................
Punta Gorda, Fla.........................................
Racine, Wis..............................................
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, N.C..........................
Rapid City, S.D..........................................
Reading, Pa..............................................
Redding, Calif...........................................
Reno, Nev................................................
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, Wash...........................
Richmond-Petersburg, Va..................................
Riverside-San Bernardino, Calif..........................

23,037
28,338
21,978
22,984
23,671
17,498
21,568
26,200
30,765
35,535
30,015
24,748
39,933
35,910
24,507
22,988
32,157
20,273
24,722
23,298
25,300
23,748
30,315
23,630
20,784
19,858
23,475
22,078
27,010
30,519
25,738
21,740
27,121
24,658
24,455
27,065
25,515
21,377
21,066
20,048
26,410
26,703
19,584
26,705
23,431
25,632
26,835
26,483
24,477

23,374
29,033
22,977
23,798
24,123
17,910
22,747
27,345
31,635
37,546
30,892
25,594
42,272
37,224
25,016
23,540
33,180
21,084
25,032
23,626
26,083
24,977
30,889
24,448
21,371
20,489
24,000
22,509
27,548
31,695
26,748
22,457
28,051
25,513
25,359
28,357
26,487
22,848
21,869
21,058
26,861
27,925
20,107
27,442
23,590
26,513
27,570
27,596
24,816

1.5
2.5
4.5
3.5
1.9
2.4
5.5
4.4
2.8
5.7
2.9
3.4
5.9
3.7
2.1
2.4
3.2
4.0
1.3
1.4
3.1
5.2
1.9
3.5
2.8
3.2
2.2
2.0
2.0
3.9
3.9
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.7
4.8
3.8
6.9
3.8
5.0
1.7
4.6
2.7
2.8
0.7
3.4
2.7
4.2
1.4

199
39
220
182
170
310
229
69
21
5
27
118
2
6
138
194
16
283
136
187
107
140
28
162
275
292
174
240
64
20
90
242
51
121
125
47
96
225
262
284
84
54
297
68
191
95
63
62
145

279
220
28
104
255
224
9
37
183
8
176
120
6
83
246
224
141
59
287
282
153
11
255
104
183
141
240
251
251
66
66
132
120
104
83
22
71
2
71
15
266
26
208
183
297
120
208
46
282

Roanoke, Va..............................................
Rochester, Minn..........................................
Rochester, N.Y...........................................
Rockford, Ill............................................
Rocky Mount, N.C.........................................
Sacramento, Calif........................................
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, Mich...........................
Salem, Ore...............................................
Salinas, Calif...........................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden, Utah...............................
San Angelo, Tex..........................................
San Antonio, Tex.........................................
San Diego, Calif.........................................
San Francisco, Calif.....................................
San Jose, Calif..........................................
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, Calif............
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, Calif..................
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, Calif............................
Santa Fe, N.M............................................
Santa Rosa, Calif........................................
Sarasota-Bradenton, Fla..................................
Savannah, Ga.............................................
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton, Pa.......................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, Wash...........................
Sharon, Pa...............................................
Sheboygan, Wis...........................................
Sherman-Denison, Tex.....................................
Shreveport-Bossier City, La..............................
Sioux City, Iowa-Neb.....................................
Sioux Falls, S.D.........................................
South Bend, Ind..........................................
Spokane, Wash............................................
Springfield, Ill.........................................
Springfield, Mass........................................
Springfield, Mo..........................................
St. Cloud, Minn..........................................
St. Joseph, Mo...........................................
St. Louis, Mo.-Ill.......................................
State College, Pa........................................
Steubenville-Weirton, Ohio-W.Va..........................
Stockton-Lodi, Calif.....................................
Sumter, S.C..............................................
Syracuse, N.Y............................................
Tacoma, Wash.............................................
Tallahassee, Fla.........................................
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Fla.....................
Terre Haute, Ind.........................................
Texarkana, Tex.-Texarkana, Ark...........................
Toledo, Ohio.............................................

22,825
28,262
28,299
26,488
21,749
28,125
29,080
22,419
23,462
23,839
20,543
23,016
27,261
36,510
39,123
22,327
25,390
24,068
22,596
25,232
21,282
23,130
22,430
30,181
22,403
24,411
23,231
22,990
21,367
21,979
24,115
22,828
27,963
25,661
21,183
21,253
21,911
27,392
23,641
25,254
24,263
19,334
26,577
23,832
22,246
23,767
21,972
21,169
25,921

23,951
29,155
29,302
27,229
22,532
29,289
29,863
23,108
24,261
24,693
21,124
23,725
27,842
37,975
42,409
23,026
25,806
25,036
23,613
26,178
22,279
23,865
23,278
31,550
22,815
24,874
23,879
23,408
22,443
22,739
25,096
23,595
28,614
26,437
22,111
21,717
22,279
28,599
24,298
25,649
24,376
19,880
27,267
24,687
23,141
24,650
22,583
21,770
26,907

4.9
3.2
3.5
2.8
3.6
4.1
2.7
3.1
3.4
3.6
2.8
3.1
2.1
4.0
8.4
3.1
1.6
4.0
4.5
3.7
4.7
3.2
3.8
4.5
1.8
1.9
2.8
1.8
5.0
3.5
4.1
3.4
2.3
3.0
4.4
2.2
1.7
4.4
2.8
1.6
0.5
2.8
2.6
3.6
4.0
3.7
2.8
2.8
3.8

176
38
36
76
239
37
34
211
167
151
281
184
57
3
1
219
114
135
189
106
248
180
204
22
226
143
178
197
243
230
134
190
44
98
254
268
248
45
165
115
163
301
73
152
210
155
237
264
82

19
141
104
183
94
54
208
153
120
94
183
153
246
59
1
153
272
59
28
83
23
141
71
28
263
255
183
263
15
104
54
120
233
168
37
240
266
37
183
272
301
183
214
94
59
83
183
183
71

Topeka, Kan.............................................. 23,912
24,904
4.1
142
Trenton, N.J............................................. 35,345
36,614
3.6
7
Tucson, Ariz............................................. 22,286
23,622
6.0
188
Tulsa, Okla.............................................. 24,805
25,338
2.1
126
Tuscaloosa, Ala.......................................... 23,772
24,487
3.0
161
Tyler, Tex............................................... 23,729
24,176
1.9
169
Utica-Rome, N.Y.......................................... 22,808
23,207
1.8
207
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, Calif............................ 26,181
25,464
-2.7
122
Ventura, Calif........................................... 26,905
27,262
1.3
74
Victoria, Tex............................................ 21,553
22,267
3.3
250
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, N.J........................ 26,430
27,104
2.6
77
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, Calif........................ 18,807
19,457
3.5
304
Waco, Tex................................................ 21,777
22,534
3.5
238
Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va............................ 33,947
34,891
2.8
9
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, Iowa............................... 24,181
24,813
2.6
146
Wausau, Wis.............................................. 23,313
24,112
3.4
171
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, Fla.......................... 26,617
27,911
4.9
55
Wheeling, W.Va.-Ohio..................................... 21,516
21,769
1.2
265
Wichita, Kan............................................. 25,291
26,388
4.3
99
Wichita Falls, Tex....................................... 20,624
21,264
3.1
279
Williamsport, Pa......................................... 22,368
23,093
3.2
214
Wilmington-Newark, Del.-Md............................... 30,175
31,439
4.2
24
Wilmington, N.C.......................................... 22,552
23,233
3.0
206
Yakima, Wash............................................. 18,398
19,271
4.7
305
Yolo, Calif.............................................. 27,825
28,616
2.8
43
York, Pa................................................. 25,113
26,074
3.8
108
Youngstown-Warren, Ohio.................................. 25,025
25,380
1.4
124
Yuba City, Calif......................................... 21,145
21,237
0.4
280
Yuma, Ariz............................................... 17,996
18,286
1.6
308
1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal
Employees (UCFE) programs.
2/ Includes data for Metropolitan Statistical Areas as of July 5, 1994. In the New England areas,
the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See Technical Note.
3/ Data are preliminary.
4/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and may differ from those
computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.

54
94
5
246
168
255
263
311
287
132
214
104
104
183
214
120
19
291
42
153
141
46
168
23
183
71
282
303
272

Table 2. Average annual pay for 1994 and 1995 for all covered workers 1/ by Consolidated Metropolitan
Statistical Area
Average annual pay
Ranking of areas
By percent
By level of change in
Percent
average
average
change,
annual pay
annual pay,
Consolidated metropolitan statistical area 2/
1994
1995 3/ 1994-95 4/ for 1995
1994-95
All consolidated metropolitan statistical areas.....$31,469 $32,642
3.7
--Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H..... 31,403
32,791
4.4
5
4
Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, Ill.-Ind.-Wis...................... 30,888
32,047
3.8
6
10
Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind....................... 26,958
27,886
3.4
15
14

Cleveland-Akron, Ohio.................................... 27,585
28,382
2.9
14
16
Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex................................... 29,050
30,340
4.4
10
4
Denver-Boulder-Greeley, Colo............................. 28,416
29,531
3.9
12
9
Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich............................ 32,788
34,118
4.1
3
7
Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, Tex.......................... 30,059
31,107
3.5
8
12
Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, Calif............... 30,368
30,912
1.8
9
18
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla............................... 26,239
27,161
3.5
18
12
Milwaukee-Racine, Wis.................................... 26,909
27,830
3.4
16
14
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Conn. 36,357
38,047
4.6
1
2
Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, Pa.-N.J.-Del.-Md.. 30,120
31,238
3.7
7
11
Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash................................ 26,427
27,648
4.6
17
2
Sacramento-Yolo, Calif................................... 28,092
29,214
4.0
13
8
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif.................... 34,475
36,187
5.0
2
1
Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash........................... 28,809
30,052
4.3
11
6
Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va.................. 31,920
32,807
2.8
4
17
1/ Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal
Employees (UCFE) programs.
2/ Includes data for Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas as of July 5, 1994. In the New England areas,
the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See Technical Note.
3/ Data are preliminary.
4/ Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and may differ from those
computed using data rounded to the nearest dollar.