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i CJ ^ f i%ai%s8i ©f Work Stoppages, U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics March 1982 Bulletin 2120 a y t° n & . PuW b J,rrc& fa r y 'y Co. Analysis ©f Work Stoppages, 1980 U.S. Department of Labor Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner March 1982 Bulletin 2120 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $5.00 I This bulletin, an annual feature of the Bureau of La bor Statistics since 1941, provides a detailed statistical presentation of work stoppages in 1980. Preliminary estimates of the level of strike (or lock out) activity for the United States as a whole are issued about 30 days after the end of the month of reference and are available on request. Preliminary estimates for the entire year are available at year end; selected final tabulations are issued in the summer of the following year. The methods used to prepare work stoppage statistics are described in the appendix. iii The Bureau wishes to acknowledge the cooperation of employers and employer associations, labor unions, the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, and various State agencies. The bulletin was prepared by Jane S. Gelman in the Division of Developments in Labor-Management Rela tions, Office of Wages and Industrial Relations. Material in this publication is in the public domain and may, with appropriate credit, be reproduced without permission. Page Work stoppages: Summary............................................................................................................................................. Duration ............................................................................................................................................. Size...................................................................................................................................................... Monthly p a tte rn ................................................................................................................................. Major issu e ......................................................................................................................................... Contract sta tu s................................................................................................................................... Union affiliation................................................................................................................................ Industry............................................................................................................................................... Occupation......................................................................................................................................... Location............................................................................................................................................... Settlement................................................... Impasse procedures ............................................................................................................................ 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 6 6 7 Text tables: 1. Proportion of work stoppages lasting 1 day and more than 2 weeks, 1970-80 .......................... 2. Stoppages involving 10,000 workers or more, 1970-80 ............................................................... 3. Stoppages involving 10,000 workers or more by industry group and major issue 1980 ............ 4. Work stoppages involving plant administration and in mining, 1970-80 .................................. 5. Percent of stoppages by contract status, selected periods, 1960-80............................................ 1 2 3 3 4 Charts: 1. Number of work stoppages beginning in the year by sector, 1950-80 ....................................... 2. Number of workers involved in stoppages beginning in the year by sector, 1950-80 ................. 3. Idleness as a percent of estimated working time by sector, 1950-80........................................... 5 5 6 Tables: Work stoppages: 1. In the United States, 1927-80 .................................................................................. . ................... 2. By year and month, 1979 and 1980 .............................................................................................. 3. By size and duration, 1980 ........................................................................................................... 4. Involving 10,000 workers or more, 1927-80 ................................................................................ 5. Beginning in 1980, involving 10,000 workers or more................................................................. 6. By industry group and size, 1980 ................................................................................................. 7. By affiliation of unions involved, 1980........................................................................................ 8. By contract status and size, 1980 ................................................................................................. 9. By industry group and contract status, 1980 .............................................................................. 10. By contract status and major issue, 1980 .................................. ................................................. 11. By major issue, 1980 .................................................................................................................... 12. By industry group and major issue, 1980 ................................................................................... 13. By major issue and size, 1980....................................................................................................... 14. By industry, 1980.......................................................................................................................... 15. By industry group and occupation, 1980 .................................................................................... 16. By major issue and level of government, 1980 ............................................................................ 8 9 10 12 13 16 19 20 21 23 24 26 30 31 40 43 v C o n te n ts — 0®!nitony®d Page 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. In government by major issue and union participation, 1980...................................................... By occupation and level of government, 1980 ............................................................................ By government level and function and occupation, 1980 ........................................................... In government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 1980 ....................................................... By State, 1980 .............................................................................................................................. By State and occroation, 1980..................................................................................................... In States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 ........................................................... By State and metropolitan area, 1980 .......................................................................................... By industry group and duration, 1980.......................................................................................... By major issue and duration, 1980 ............................................................................................. By contract status and duration, 1980.......................................................................................... By contract status and mediation, 1980 ...................................................................................... By contract status and type of settlement, 1980 .......................................................................... By major issue and type of settlement, 1980................................................................................ By industry group and type of settlement, 1980.......................................................................... By contract status and procedure for handling unsettled issues, 1980........................................ 44 45 47 53 59 60 63 73 76 79 80 81 82 83 84 87 Appendix: Scope, definitions, and methods....................................................................................................... 88 vi Analysis of Work Stoppages, 1980 Summary sues (34 percent). The majority of strikes lasting longer than 1 day occurred when an agreement was being renegotiated and concerned economic issues (tables 26 and 27). A large proportion of the disputes lasting 90 days or more were relatively small, involving fewer than 100 workers each (table 3). Most work stoppage measures declined significantly in 1980. The number of stoppages (3,885) fell by 20 percent from 1979 as did the number of workers in volved (1.4 million) (table 1). Despite these sharp drops, total days of idleness declined by only 4 percent, to 33.3 million, because the proportion of workers involved in long strikes (at least 90 days) increased. The levels of strikes and workers involved were the lowest since the early sixties. The number of days of idleness was the lowest since 1975. Idleness as a proportion of esti mated working time was the lowest since 1973. This is explained by the lower levels of workers on strike, days 'idle, and percent of total employed workers partici pating in strikes in 1980 compared to recent years.1 By contrast, idleness per worker involved, at 24 days, was the highest since 1959 when it was 37 days. The high level of days idle per worker was due, in part, to the sharp increase in the proportion of workers involved in strikes lasting 90 days or more—from 5.4 percent in 1979 to 14.0 percent in 1980. Size Following the usual pattern, three-fourths of all strikes involved fewer than 250 workers, but about three-fifths of the idleness and worker participation oc curred in strikes of at least 1,000 workers (table 6). Fourteen stoppages involving 10,000 workers or more began in 1980, accounting for 12 million days of idle ness, compared to 11 stoppages and 9 million days of idleness in 1979 (table 4). Fewer workers were involved in these major stoppages in 1980, however, than in any year since 1965, primarily because none of the 1980 major stoppages was exceptionally large. Although in most years there has been at least one strike involving over 100,000 workers, in 1980, the largest—in the pe troleum refining industry—involved 63,100 workers. This petroleum strike also lasted the longest of the major stoppages (186 days), thus accounting for 3.7 mil lion days of idleness (table 5). Next in length was a strike of 27,000 copper workers lasting 146 days and accounting for 1.9 million days of idleness. Between Ourati@n Strikes lasted longer, on the average, in 1980 than in any earlier year. The mean duration of strikes rose to 35.4 days in 1980, the highest since 1927 when these data were first collected. The median duration of these stoppages also set a record at 18 days. The averages ' reflect the trend toward increasingly longer strikes (text table 1). Stoppages lasting at least 30 days accounted for only ' one-third of all strikes ending in 1980 but for four-fifths of the idleness. Of the 1,360 strikes that lasted 30 days or more, three-fifths occurred in manufacturing indus tries, notably nonelectrical machinery (139 strikes), fab ricated metal products (136 strikes), and primary metal industries (76 strikes)(table 25). Three-fifths of the shorter (less than 30 days) strikes occurred in nonman ufacturing industries. The majority of strikes settled in 1 day occurred during the term of an agreement (61 percent) and arose largely over plant administration is T@xt table 1. Proportion of work stoppages lasting 1 day and more than 2 weeks, 1970-80 Year Stoppages Stoppages lasting more lasting 1 day than 2 weeks 1970 1971 1972 19 73 1 9 74 1 ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . ____ 100.0 10 0.0 1 0 0.0 10 0.0 10 0.0 13.1 13.1 15.6 15.7 13.6 43 .5 43 .9 37.6 39.2 46.6 1 9 75 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1See appendix table 1 for an explanation of the calculation o f the rate. All stoppage ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... 10 0.0 10 0.0 10 0.0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 1 0 0.0 18.7 19.7 13.2 9 .0 9 .8 8.2 4 3 .0 42.7 48.1 53.2 51 .5 55 .3 Text table 2. Stoppages involving 10,000 workers or more, Major issue 1970-80 Approximately 70 percent of strikes in 1980 centered on economic issues, primarily general wage changes, as in 1979 (table 11). The proportion of striking workers involved in these stoppages declined slightly, from 69 percent to 67 percent. Days lost, however, dropped from 80 percent to 74 percent of the total, because of steep declines in time lost due to general wage disputes in three industries: Nonelectrical machinery (down 2.9 million days), transportation and communication (down 3.4 million days), and government (down 945,000 days) (table 12). Strikes over plant administration were second most numerous, accounting for 10 percent of all strikes in 1980, 3 percentage points less than in 1979. These walk outs, most prevalent in mining, have shown a fairly steady decline since the mid-1970’s, reflecting the de cline in coal mining disputes (text table 4). Most of the idleness from plant administration disputes in 1980 re sulted from the multiplant walkout by the United Auto Workers at the International Harvester Company which began in November 1979 and continued until April 1980. Union organization and security, job security, and other contractual matters each accounted for 5 percent of all strikes. Job security was the most common non economic cause of stoppages involving at least 10,000 workers (text table 3 and table 13). Five strikes occurred in this category, two in government (Philadelphia and Chicago teachers), two in construction, and one in re tail trade (grocery stores). More workers were idled and more days were lost in disputes over job security than over any other noneconomic issue. Disputes over interunion or intraunion matters remained at a low of 2 percent from 1978 through 1980, reflecting the in creased resolution of interunion differences through mergers and other peaceful means.3 Strikes in the government sector followed the same pattern as those in the economy as a whole, arising most frequently over economic issues (77 percent) and plant administration (8 percent)(table 16). Job security issues also played a significant role, accounting for 24 percent of the government workers involved and 29 percent of the idleness. Data on major issues in government work stoppages by union participation are included in table 17. During renegotiation of agreement Year All major work stoppages Number Percent of all major work stoppages ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 34 29 18 25 27 25 23 12 21 24 73.5 79.3 66.7 84.0 88.9 1975 ................................ 1976 ................................ 1977 ................................ 1978 ................................ 1979 ................................ 1980................................. 20 23 18 11 11 14 15 18 13 8 9 12 75.0 78.3 72.2 72.7 81.8 85.7 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 May and July, six major stoppages occurred in the con struction industry, five in California and one in New York, involving 155,000 workers in all and accounting for 1.4 million days of idleness. Since most stoppages occur during the renegotiation of agreements, variations in major stoppage activity tend to correspond to the bargaining cycle for contracts covering 1,000 workers or more (text table 2 and table 8). Bargaining was relatively heavy for such contracts in 1980 and 1979, with 3.8 and 3.7 million workers, re spectively, covered by contracts expiring or reopening in the year. In 1978, about 2 million workers were cov ered.2 Accordingly, idleness due to major strikes amounted to a considerably larger proportion of esti mated total working time in 1980 (0.05 percent) and 1979 (0.04 percent) than in 1978 (0.02 percent) (table 4). pattern The monthly pattern of stoppages was different in 1980 than in 1979 (table 2). In 1980, more strikes began in September than in any other month, principally be cause of stoppages by teachers. However, the number of striking workers and idleness peaked in July (as op posed to April in 1979) when 27,000 copper workers, 25,000 actors and musicians, and 65,000 construction workers went on strike. Workers on strike and idleness were also high in January compared to 1979 and most earlier years because of major strikes by oil workers, grocery clerks, and teachers. On the other hand, fewer stoppages were in effect in the first 2 months and the last 2 months than in other months of the year, in keep ing with seasonal patterns. Contract status The proportion of all strikes occurring at expiration or reopening of a contract has climbed steadily since 1960, when data on contract status were first tabulated (text table 5). In 1980, these renegotiation disputes ac counted for 67 percent of all strikes and involved 78 percent of workers on strike and 89 percent of the idle- 2Bargaining Calendar, 1980, Bulletin 2059 (Bureau of Labor Statis tics, 1980), p. 1, and Bargaining Calendar, 1979, Bulletin 2024 (Bu reau o f Labor Statistics, 1979), p. 1. 3Directory o f National Unions and Employee Associations, 1979, Bul letin 2079 (Bureau o f Labor Statistics, 1980), pp. 53-54. 2 Text table 3. Stoppages involving 10,000 workers or more by industry group and major issue, 1980 (W orkers and days idle in thousands) All industries 2 Stoppages . . . 6. Workers involved Days idle3 Stoppages Workers involved Stoppages Days idle 3 8 8.6 12 ,2 5 6 .3 7 2 3 1 .3 7 ,6 6 5 .8 2 71.1 6 ,6 6 5 .8 2 71.1 63.1 3,6 62.1 1 63.1 753.7 1 8.1 12 2 .0 Stoppages 1 ,9 36.4 Days idle3 Workers involved 2 3 3 .3 2,654.1 3,662.1 8.1 5 Workers involved Days idle 4 ,2 3 0 .3 1 „„„ „ 14 1 Manufacturing 2 Plant adm inistration Job security Econom ic1 A ll issues Industry group 568.2 2 ,4 3 5 .5 Petroleum Primary metal Fabricated metal products ........... Nonelectrical m achinery . . . . Transportation equipm ent . . . . 2 N onm anufacturing. . Building construction . . . Transportation . . Wholesale and retail trades . . . Governm ent . . . . 185.6 18.5 18.5 1,1 0 2 .6 1,1 0 2 .6 1 ,1 28.8 1,1 2 8 .8 13 1 3 1 5 .5 18.5 5 ,5 9 0 .5 1,357.1 6 1 1 6 0.2 18.5 3 ,4 3 5 .5 1,357.1 5 12 2.0 1 ,9 36.4 2 3 3 .3 2 1 8 .6 6 1 1 5 5 .0 2 3 .3 1,4 3 0 .0 2 3 .3 3 8 5 .0 4 7 5 .0 2 6 0 .0 9 2 5 .0 1 1 10.0 2 3 .3 3 0 .0 2 3 .3 1 1 3 15.0 2 5 .0 78.7 55 0.9 1 ,4 00.8 8 2 8 .4 1 15.0 4 3 6 .4 1 1 2 5 .0 31.7 1 ,3 5 0 .0 2 5 3 .4 2 4 7 .0 5 7 5 .0 114.5 5 0 .8 1 Economic issues are defined as general wage changes, supplemen tary benefits, wage adjustments, and hours of work. The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages oc curring in 2 groups or more are counted in each. Workers and days Idle are allocated among the respective groups. 3 Includes idleness occurring in the year as the result of a multi industry strike at the International Harvester Co. which began in 1979. ness (table 10). Economic issues accounted for a dis proportionately large share of these strikes, 87 percent, compared to 71 percent for all strikes (table 11). Stoppages occurring during the term of an agreement were the second largest category of work stoppages (13 percent), followed by strikes occurring during ne gotiation of a first agreement or union recognition at tempts (9 percent). More than half of the strikes that took place while a contract was in effect were due to disagreements over plant administration rules, largely in the mining industry, where 44 percent of all plant administration strikes occurred. Union organization and security issues accounted for 36 percent of strikes that occurred during negotiation of a first agreement, com pared with 5 percent for all strikes. Initial contract disputes occurred most frequently in four nonmanufacturing industries: Government (56 strikes), services (53 strikes), wholesale and retail trade (44 strikes), and the transportation and communication industry (38 strikes). However, contract construction, with 13 strikes, underwent the most idleness in this cat egory, 683,000 days. In 1980, as in 1979, 3 percent of all disputes occurred at establishments having no agreement, most often in government. Two-thirds of these disputes involved fewer than 100 workers (table 8). were called by unions affiliated with AFL-CIO (ta ble 7). These stoppages accounted for about 70 percent of the workers involved in strikes and days lost, sub stantially more than the 51 percent of workers involved and 60 percent of days lost in 1979. The strikes by AFL-CIO affiliates resulted in 23.7 million days of idle ness, more than in any year since 1974, when strikes by affiliates accounted for 33.9 million days. Unaffiliated unions, which included the United Auto Workers, the United Mine Workers, and the Teamsters, 2 Text tab le 4. W ork stoppages Involving plant administration issues and In m ining, 1970-80 Year Stoppages in mining Percent in Num ber of volving plant stoppages administra tio n issues 1970 1971 1972 19 73 19 74 Nearly 60 percent of the strikes in 1980, as in 1979, 3 ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... 921 90 5 1 ,1 70 1,216 1,1 20 544 657 1,000 1,079 1,0 50 58 60 63 70 68 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Union affiliation Stoppages involving plant administra tio n issues ...................................... ...................................... ..................................... ......................... ............ .................... .............. . ...................................... 1,142 1 ,2 90 1,002 506 616 383 1,165 1,425 999 275 441 297 74 70 69 63 67 56 trical machinery (140 strikes), down 28 percent; non electrical machinery (280 strikes), down 11 percent; and food (155 strikes), down 13 percent. Workers involved in these strikes and idleness also declined significantly (table 14). In contrast, large increases occurred because of a major strike in petroleum refining, where there was heavy bargaining. There were 65,000 workers involved and 3.8 million days of idleness in strikes in petroleum refining, compared to 12,000 workers and 260,000 days in 1979. Idleness as a proportion of total working time rose to 7.28 percent in petroleum refining, far higher than in any other industry and the highest in the 195080 period for petroleum. There were also comparatively high levels of workers on strike and idleness in non electrical machinery (62,000 workers and 2.8 million days idle), although these were below levels in 1979 when several major stoppages occurred in farm machinery. Text table 5. Percent of stoppages by contract status, selected periods, 1960-30 Co ntract statu s Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition. . . . Renegotiation of agreement . . . . During term o f agreement.......... No contract or other contract status ............... No inform ation on contract status ............... 1 9 6 0 -6 4 1965-69 1970-74 16 15 12 9 9 44 48 51 59 67 31 34 33 26 13 2 2 2 2 3 7 (1) 2 4 8 1975-79 1980 1 Less than 0.5 percent. accounted for another 31 percent of the stoppages and 20 percent of the workers and idleness, a drop in work ers of 18 percentage points and in idleness of 10 per centage points. Strikes by members of professional employee associ ations continued to increase. Most of the 2.8 million professional employee association members are govern ment employees; more than half of this number are teachers belonging to the National Education Associa tion.4 The 289 strikes by association members in 1980 represented 7.4 percent of all work stoppages, the high est proportion ever recorded. Strike-related idleness by single-firm unions reached 382,000 days in 1980, 101,000 more than in 1979. How ever, the number of these strikes dropped from 74 to 58 and workers involved dropped from 19,000 to 15,000. Nonmanufacturing. Three industries accounted for 67 percent of the strike-related idleness in nonmanufactur ing: Contract construction (4.8 million days idle), serv ices (3.8 million), and government (2.3 million). Strike activity in contract construction reflected the intensive collective bargaining in the industry in 1980. With six major strikes, idleness increased by 3.1 million days over 1979 and amounted to 0.43 percent of working time, the highest rate since 1975. In the service industries, idleness more than doubled since 1979, a previous record year. Strikes in services tended to be smaller than those in the economy as a whole (table 6) and to last longer (table 25). Twenty percent of all strikes in services oc curred when a first agreement was being negotiated, compared with 9 percent of strikes in the economy as a whole (table 9). As in 1979, more strikes occurred in government than in any other industry group. The 536 stoppages were about 10 percent fewer than in 1979 but more than in any other previous year. In general, these stoppages occurred predominantly in city government (236 strikes), in the educational field (285 strikes), and among professional and technical employees (257 strikes)(tables 18 and 19). Industry The trends in work stoppage activity from 1950 to 1980 for the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing sec tors are illustrated in charts 1, 2, and 3. In 1980, as in 1979, levels of strikes and workers involved were higher in nonmanufacturing industries than in manufacturing, but days idle and percent of working time lost were lower. Stoppages beginning in the year in both manu facturing and nonmanufacturing, and workers involved in nonmanufacturing disputes, fell to the lowest levels since the mid-sixties. Workers involved in manufactur ing strikes, 453,000, were the lowest in the 30-year pe riod. Idleness as a proportion of estimated working time declined from 0.39 to 0.33 percent in the manufactur ing sector, but increased from 0.08 to 0.09 percent in nonmanufacturing. Occupation About 8 out of every 10 strikes in 1980, as in 1979, involved production and maintenance workers, the most highly unionized occupational group. More than half of the workers involved in these strikes were in nonmanufacturing industries, but three-fifths of the idleness occurred in manufacturing (table 15). Work stoppage measures for professional and tech nical workers reached record levels in 1980 because of heightened strike activity in government (257 strikes) and, to a lesser extent, in service industries (55 strikes). In 1980, professional and technical workers called 8 percent of all strikes, accounting for 12 percent of work- Manufacturing. Light bargaining in several of the most strike-prone manufacturing industries in 1980 contribu ted to noticeable declines in strikes: Fabricated metal products (280 strikes), down 20 percent from 1979; elec4 Directory, 1979, pp. 72 and 92. 4 Chart 2. Number of workers involved in stoppages beginning in the year by sector, 1950-80 W orkers (in m illions) 3 Manufacturing! 0 1950 1955 1960 1965 ers on strike and idleness. These were the highest lev els of strikes and idleness for this group since data on work stoppages by occupation were first tabulated in 1972, and the largest number of professional and tech nical workers involved in strikes since 1975, when the figure was the same. The entire increase in walkouts among government professional and technical workers was due to strikes by teachers, who engaged in 232 stoppages, accounting for 108,000 workers and 1.3 mil 1970 1975 1980 lion days idle, an increase of 51 stoppages, 49,000 work ers and 464,000 days idle over 1979 (table 19). In serv ice industries, idleness by professional and technical workers increased fourfold to 2.5 million days, 1.4 mil lion of which occurred during the July-through-September walkout of actors and musicians. Salesworkers were the only other occupational group to increase their strike activity in 1980. From 1979 to 1980, salesworkers on strike went from 3,000 to 20,000, 5 Chart 3. Idleness as a percent of estimated working time by sector, 1950-80 P ercent 0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1975 1980 Six metropolitan areas experienced over 100 stop pages: Philadelphia (141), Detroit (131), New York (119), Los Angeles (118), Chicago (114), and Pittsburgh (108). Los Angeles had the most workers on strike (99,000) and more than twice the idleness of any other area (3.5 million days). Chicago; Philadelphia; and Beau mont, Texas (where there was a strike in petroleum re fining), also experienced more than 1 million days of idleness. Production and maintenance workers struck most fre quently in Pennsylvania (338 strikes), and professional and technical workers, in Michigan (51 strikes), but the most idleness for both of these occupations was in Cal ifornia (3.6 million days and 2.3 million days, respec tively). California also had the most strike activity by clerical workers, as in 1979 (table 22). and days idle from 44,000 to 551,000, mainly because of the strike of retail grocery clerks in California. L©©ati®in Six of the more populated, highly industrialized, and unionized States accounted for half of all work stop pages in 1980 (table 24). Pennsylvania continued to ex perience the greatest number of stoppages, followed by Ohio, California, New York, Michigan, and Illinois. California had more workers involved and days of idle ness than any other State. The proportion of idleness to estimated nonagricultural working time was highest in Arizona (4.6 work ing days idle per thousand), because of the copper strike (table 21). Indiana ranked next with 3.8 working days idle per thousand, followed by California and Utah with 2.7 days per thousand each. Stoppages lasted longest, on the average, in Idaho, 123.5 days, as the result of a mining strike which involved nearly half of the work ers on strike in the State and lasted for 239 days. Data on work stoppages by industry in States having 25 stop pages or more are detailed in table 23. The largest number of strikes by government work ers occurred in Pennsylvania (82 strikes), Michigan (75 strikes), and Ohio (60 strikes)(table 20). New York and Illinois reported the largest number of government workers on strike, while Pennsylvania and Illinois had the most idleness. Major stoppages in Pennsylvania and Illinois (Philadelphia and Chicago teachers) and New York (transit workers) accounted for at least half of the government workers on strike and related idleness in these States. There were no government strikes in 11 States, 5 more than in 1979. 1970 Settlement In 1980, about 80 percent of strikes ended with a for mal settlement, compared with 83 percent in 1979 and 84 percent in 1978 (table 29). These strikes accounted for 86 percent of the workers and 92 percent of the year’s total idleness. Eighty-nine percent of the strikes over economic issues, and 59 percent over noneconomic issues, ended in a formal settlement (table 30). Follow ing the usual pattern, settlements were reached in a larger proportion of stoppages occurring during rene gotiation of a contract (95 percent) or during attempts to establish a collective bargaining relationship (83 per cent) than during the term of an agreement (44 percent). As in 1979, the negotiating parties failed to reach a formal settlement in 10 percent of the stoppages. Sixty-three percent of these were short protest or sym 6 tiations were more likely to involve mediation (70 per cent) than those that occurred during initial contract bargaining (50 percent) or coring the contract term (10 percent). Information was available for 129 strikes which ended with the understanding that unsettled issues be resolved in ways agreed upon by both parties (table 32). Of these strikes, direct negotiations were agreed to in about onethird of the cases, arbitration in one-fifth of the cases, referral to a government agency in somewhat less than one-fifth of the cases, and mediation in one-tenth of the cases. Referral to a government agency was the most commonly chosen impasse procedure in disputes stem ming from the negotiation of a first agreement or un ion recognition. Direct negotiations were the most favored impasse procedure in renegotiation disputes, and were preferred slightly over arbitration in midcon tract disputes. pathy strikes, almost all of which (95 percent) involved miners (table 31). With sharp reductions in injunctions against strikes in government and mining, disputes terminated by a court injunction have declined steadily, from 3.7 per cent of all strikes-in 1973 to 0.6 percent in 1980. These strikes occurred primarily over noneconomic issues (18 strikes), most frequently in contract construction (7 strikes) and transportation (6 strikes). In 3.5 percent of labor-management disputes, work ers returned to their jobs without having their demands met or were replaced by other workers (broken strike). In 0.7 percent of disputes, the employer went out of business. Smpass® procedures5 The resolution of collective bargaining impasses may require mediation by outside parties, either government or private. Mediation occurred in 56 percent of the strikes in 1980, the same proportion as in 1979 (table 28). In three-quarters of these, the Federal Government was the mediator. The disputes resolved by Federal mediation involved a significantly larger proportion of total idleness (62 percent) than strikes (42 percent), be cause they included five major stoppages, which to gether accounted for 7.9 million days of idleness. Only 2 percent of all stoppages were resolved by private me diation. Strikes that took place during contract renego 5 Impasse procedures include: Mediation: An attempt by a third party to help in negotiations or in the settlement o f a dispute between employer and union through suggestion, advice, or other ways o f stimulating agreement, short o f dictating its provisions (a characteristic arbitration). Arbitration : A method o f settling labor-management disputes through recourse to an impartial third party, mutually agreed to by the disputants, whose decision is usually final and binding. Referral to a government agency: A t impasse, particularly in disputes stemm ing from the negotiation o f a first agreement or union recognition, the parties submit their unresolved issues to a government agency, such as the National Labor Relations Board, the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, or a State Public Employee Relations Board, for adjudication, usually arbitration or mediation. 7 Table 1. Work stoppages in the United States, 1927-801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) " ......... --------------------------------------- Work s top p a g e s Year Nu m b e r Workers involved D u r a t i on Number Mean 2 / Media n 1927 ................................................... 1928 ................................................... 1929 ................................................... 1930 ................................................... 193 1 ................................................... 707 604 92 1 637 810 26.5 27.6 22.6 22.3 18.8 3 (4) (4) (4) (4) 1 9 3 2 ................................................... 1933 ................................................... 1 9 3 4 ................................................... 1935 ................................................... 1936 ................................................... 8 41 1,695 1,856 2,014 2 , 172 19.6 16.9 19.5 23.8 23.3 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 1937 ................................................... 1 9 3 8 ................................................... 1939 ................................................... 1 9 4 0 ................................................... 1 9 4 1 ................................................... 4,740 2,772 2,613 2,508 4,288 20.3 23.6 23.4 20.9 18.3 1 9 4 2 ................................................... 1943 ................................................... 1944 ................................................... 1 9 4 5 ................................................... 1946 ................................................... 2,968 3,752 4,956 4,750 4,985 1947 ................................................... 1 9 4 8 ................................................... 1949 ................................................... 1950 ................................................... 1 9 5 1 ................................................... 330 ' 314 289 183 342 Days i d l e d u r i n g y e a r Percent of Number tota l employed 3 / Percent o f e st. t o t a l Per working worker tim e 3/ i nvolved 1.4 1.3 1.2 .8 1.6 26,200 12,600 5,350 3,320 6,890 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 79.5 40.2 18.5 18. 1 20.2 3 24 1, 170 1,470 1, 120 789 1.8 6.3 7.2 5.2 3. 1 10,500 16,900 19,600 15,500 13,900 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 32.4 14.4 13.4 13.8 17.6 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 1,860 688. 1, 170 577 2,360 7.2 2.8 3.5 1.7 6. 1 28,400 9 , 150 17,800 6,700 23,000 (4) (4) . 21 . 08 .23 11.7 5.0 5.6 9.9 24.2 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 840 1,980 2 , 120 3,470 4,600 2.0 4.6 4.8 8.2 10.5 4 , 180 13,500 8,720 38,000 116,000 . 04 . 10 . 07 .3 1 1.04 15.3 13.3 15.2 11.6 9.8 \ 5.0 6.8 4. 1 11.0 25.2 3,693 3,419 3,606 4,843 4,737 25.6 21.8 22.5 19.2 17.4 (4) (4) (4) 8 7 2 , 170 1,960 3,030 2,410 2,220 4.7 4.2 6.7 5. 1 4.5 34,600 34,100 50,500 38,800 22,900 .30 .28 .44 .33 . 18 15.9 17.4 16.7 1 6. 1 10.3 1 9 5 2 ................................................... 1953 ................................................... 1954 ................................................... 1 9 5 5 ................................................... 1956 ................................................... 5 , 1 17 5,09 1 3,468 4,320 3,825 19.6 20.3 22.5 18.5 18.9 7 9 9 8 7 3,540 2,400 1,530 2,650 1,900 7.3 4.7 3. 1 5.2 3.6 5 9 , 100 28,300 22,600 28,200 33,100 .48 .22 . 18 .22 .24 16.7 1 1.8 14.7 10.7 17.4 1957 ................................................... 1 9 5 8 ................................................... 1 9 5 9 ................................................... 1960 ................................................... 196 1 ................................................... 3,673 3,694 3,708 3,333 3,367 19.2 19.7 24.6 23.4 23.7 8 8 10 10 9 1,390 2,060 1,880 1,320 1,450 2.6 3.9 3.3 2.4 2.6 16,500 23,900 69,000 19,100 16,300 . 12 . 18 .50 . 14 . 11 11.4 11.6 36.7 14.5 11.2 1 9 6 2 ................................................... 1 9 6 3 ................................................... 1964 ................................................... 1 9 6 5 ................................................... 1966 ................................................... 3 , 6 14 3,362 3,655 3,963 4,405 24.6 23.0 22.9 25.0 22.2 9 8 8 9 9 1,230 941 1,640 1,550 1,960 2.2 1. 1 2.7 2.5 3.0 18,600 16,100 22,900 23,300 25,400 . . . . . 13 11 15 15 15 15.0 1 7. 1 14.0 15. 1 12.9 1967 ................................................... 1 968 ................................................... 1969 ................................................... 1970 ................................................... 197 1 ................................................... 4,595 5,045 5,700 5,716 5 , 138 22.8 24.5 22.5 25.0 27.0 9 10 10 11 11 2,870 2,649 2,481 3,305 3,280 4.3 3.8 3.5 4.7 4.5 42,100 49,018 42,869 66,414 47,589 .25 .28 .24 .37 .26 14.7 18.5 17.3 20. 1 14.5 1 9 7 2 .................................................. 1973 ................................................... 1974 ................................................... 1975 ................................................... 1976 ................................................... 5,010 5,353 6,074 5,031 5,648 24.0 24.0 27 . 1 26.8 28.0 8 9 14 11 11 1,714 2,251 2,778 1,746 2,420 2.3 2.9 3.5 2.2 3.0 27,066 27,948 47,991 31,237 37,859 . 15 . 14 .24 . 16 . 19 15.8 12.4 17.3 17.9 15.6 1977 ................................................... 1 9 7 8 ................................................... 1 9 7 9 ................................................... 1980 ................................................... 5,506 4,230 4,827 3,885 29.3 33.2 32. 1 35.4 14 17 16 18 2,040 1,623 1,727 1,366 2.4 1.9 1.9 1.5 35,822 36,922 34,754 33,289 . . . . 17.6 22.8 20. 1 24.4 1The number of stoppages and workers relates to stoppages beginning in the year; average duration, to those end ing in the year. Days of idleness include all stoppages in ef fect. Workers are counted more than once if they were involv ed in more than 1 stoppages during the year. Available infor mation for earlier periods appears in 1978, BLS Bulletin 2000 (1979), table 151. For a , discussion of the procedures involved in the collection and compilation of work stoppages statistics, see BLS Bulletin 1910 (1976), chapter 27. Statistics, of Methods, Handbook of Labor BLS Handbook 8 17 17 15 14 2 1 Figures are simple averages; each stoppage is given 4 3 "equal weight regardless o flfs size. 3 Agricultural and government employees are included in the total employed and total working time; private household, forestry, and fishery employees are excluded. An explanation of the measurement of idleness as a percentage of the total employed labor force and of the total time worked is found in ‘“Total Economy’ Measure of Strike Idleness,” Oct. 1968. 4 Not available. Review, Monthly Labor Tabl© 2„ Work stoppages by month, 1979-80 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Month Begi n m ng Number Number of in m o n t h Percent stoppaqes In e f f e c t during month Number Percent B e g i n n in g Number Workers involved in m o n t h In e f f e c t during month Percent Number Days Number idle during Percent Percent month P e r c e n t of est. total time 1979 J a n u a r y ............ F e b r u a r y ........... M a r c h ............... A p r i 1 ............... M a y ................... J u n e ................. J u l y ................. A u g u s t .............. S e p t e m b e r ......... O c t o b e r ............ N o v e m b e r ........... D e c e m b e r ........... 4,827 266 300 396 511 556 542 47 1 451 474 439 272 149 100.0 5.5 6.2 8.2 10.6 11.5 11.2 9.8 9.3 9.8 9.1 5.6 3. 1 9,258 485 509 655 833 976 1,001 966 911 909 872 657 484 100.0 5.2 5.5 7.1 9.0 10.5 10.8 10.4 9.8 9.8 9.4 7. 1 5.2 1,727 69.8 74.7 115.0 402.4 132.5 143.2 155. 1 139.0 151.5 207.5 91.1 45.3 100.0 4.0 4.3 6.7 23.3 7.7 8.3 9.0 8.0 8.8 12.0 5.3 2.6 3,050 144.1 169.5 181.9 492.5 300.7 257.8 263.6 272.8 254.0 312.2 224.9 176. 1 100.0 4.7 5.6 6.0 1 6. 1 9.9 8.5 8.6 8.9 8.3 .10.2 7.4 5.8 34,754 1,920.6 1,547.6 1,739.1 4,845.2 3,576.1 3,075.4 3,000.7 3,261.1 2,802.0 3,368.9 3, 1 9 8 . 0 2,419.1 100.0 5.5 4.5 5.0 13.9 10.3 8.8 3.6 9.4 8. 1 9.7 9.2 7.0 . 15 . 10 .09 .09 .26 . 18 . 16 . 16 . 16 . 16 . 17 . 17 . 13 1980 J a n u a r y ............ F e b r u a r y ........... M a r c h ................ A p r i 1 ............... M a y ................... J u n e ................. J u l y ................. A u g u s t .............. S e p t e m b e r ......... O c t o b e r ............ N o v e m b e r . ....... D e c e m b e r ........... 3,885 295 320 319 347 379 385 400 360 436 349 205 90 100.0 7.6 8.2 8.2 8.9 9.8 9.9 10.3 9.3 11.2 9.0 5.3 2.3 7,814 564 569 585 642 709 747 776 775 813 722 532 380 100.0 7.2 7.3 7.5 8.2 9. 1 9.6 9.9 9.9 10.4 9.2 6.8 4.9 1,366 17 1 . 4 76.0 84.0 100.2 124.3 177.5 230.4 87.8 153.2 89.8 52.8 19.0 100.0 12.5 5.6 6 .1 7.3 9. 1 13.0 16.9 6.4 11.2 6.6 3.9 1.4 2,657 252.0 255.8 223.6 213.9 182.8 244.7 337. 1 230.7 288.5 224. 1 126.4 76.8 100.0 9.5 9.6 8.4 8. 1 6.9 9.2 12.7 8.7 10.9 8.4 4.8 2.9 33,289 3,205.7 3,356.8 3,118.8 2,501.3 2,262.4 2,726.2 4,028.0 3,314.9 3,576.4 2,530.0 1,440.0 1,228.2 100.0 9.6 10.1 9.4 7.5 6.8 8.2 1 2. 1 10.0 10.7 7.6 4.3 3.7 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 16 . 12 . 12 . 14 .20 . 17 . 18 . 12 .09 . 06 1See footnote 3, table 1. 9 1/ Table 3. Work stoppages by size and duration, 1980 Size of stoppage Total 1 day 4-6 days 2-3 days 7-14 days 15-29 days 30-59 days ' 60-89 days 90 days and over Number of stoppages ending in year All stoppages..................................... 3,939 324 325 369 741 820 681 287 392 6 and under 20 workers ..................... 20 and under 1 0 0 ................................ 100 and under 250 .............................. 250 and under 500 .............................. 500 and under 1,000 ........................... 1,000 and under 5,000 ....................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ..................... 10,000 and o v e r................................... 528 1,591 906 456 266 160 17 15 34 115 84 51 28 11 1 34 127 74 46 29 10 2 3 35 129 93 56 36 18 1 1 100 303 168 78 55 32 1 4 123 326 182 84 51 48 5 1 80 298 160 76 39 22 4 2 48 111 78 25 16 6 2 1 74 182 67 40 12 13 1 3 All stoppages....... .............................. 1,398.3 82.3 133.5 152.8 290.0 256.0 201.4 86.0 196.3 6 and under 20 workers ..................... 20 and under 1 0 0 ................................ 100 and under 250 .............................. 250 and under 500 .............................. 500 and under 1,000 ........................... 1,000 and under 5,000 ....................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ..................... 10,000 and o v e r................................... 6.5 81.0 142.6 159.8 179.0 299.7 109.2 420.4 .4 6.1 13.6 18.2 18.2 19.9 6.0 .4 6.6 11.9 17.2 19.0 18.8 11.3 48.3 .4 6.5 14.1 19.9 24.1 32.1 5.6 50.0 1.3 14.6 27.2 26.1 39.5 59.6 9.0 112.7 1.5 17.0 28.3 29.0 33.3 92.0 33.9 21.0 1.0 15.5 24.6 27.0 25.9 40.8 26.5 40.0 .6 5.5 12.4 8.6 10.7 12.3 10.9 25.0 .9 9.1 10.6 13.9 8.3 24.0 6.0 123.4 All stoppages..................................... 33,824.5 82.3 273.9 587.4 2,250.2 3,6770 5,349.8 4,644.4 16,959.4 6 and under 20 workers ..................... 20 and under 1 0 0 ................................ 100 and under 250 .............................. 250 and under 500 .............................. 500 and under 1,0 00........................... 1,000 and under 5,000 ....................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ..................... 10,000 and o v e r................................... 196.0 2,109.3 3,073.3 3,553.3 2,945.2 5,831.7 2,508.3 13,607.4 .4 6.1 13.6 18.2 18.2 19.9 6.0 - .9 14.4 23.9 35.5 37.4 46.4 17.0 98.3 1.5 22.6 47.1 67.6 81.5 97.8 19.3 250.0 9.4 108.6 197.0 181.0 266.7 372.1 72.0 1,043.4 22.4 255.1 414.0 414.8 495.7 1,276.5 483.8 315.0 30.4 464.2 713.3 784.7 705.5 1,123.9 516.4 1,011.4 31.1 275.9 625.5 437.9 551.4 620.7 751.9 1,350.0 99.9 962.4 1,038.9 1,613.7 788.8 2,274.5 642.0 9,539.3 Number of workers involved (thousands) Number of days idle (thousands) j Percent distribution of stoppages ending in year All stoppages..................................... 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 6 and under 20 workers ..................... 20 and under 1 0 0 ................................ 100 and under 250 .............................. 250 and under 500 .............................. 500 and under 1,0 00........................... 1,000 and under 5,000 ....................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ....... .............. 10,000 and o v e r................................... 13.40 40.39 23.00 11.58 6.75 4.06 .43 .38 10.49 35.49 25.93 15.74 8.64 3.40 .31 - 10.46 39.08 22.77 14.15 8.92 3.08 .62 .92 9.49 34.96 25.20 15.18 9.76 4.88 .27 .27 13.50 40.89 22.67 10.53 7.42 4.32 .13 .54 15.00 39.76 22.20 10.24 6.22 5.85 .61 .12 11.75 43.76 23.49 11.16 5.73 3.23 .59 .29 16.72 38.68 27.18 8.71 5.57 2.09 .70 .35 18.88 46.43 17.09 10.20 3.06 3.32 .26 .77 See footnotes at end of table. 10 Table 3. Continued— Work stoppages by size and duration, 19801 15-29 days 30-59 days 60-89 days 90 days and over Total 1 day 2-3 days 4-6 days 7-14 days All stoppages..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 and under 20 workers ..................... 20 and under 1 0 0 ................................ 100 and under 250 .............................. 250 and under 500 .............................. 500 and under 1,000 ........................... 1,000 and under 5,000 ....................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ..................... 10,000 and o v e r................................... .5 5.8 10.2 11.4 12.8 21.4 7.8 30.1 .5 7.4 16.6 22.0 22.1 24.2 7.3 - .3 4.9 8.9 12.9 14.2 14.1 8.4 36.2 .3 4.2 9.2 13.1 15.8 21.0 3.7 32.7 .4 5.0 9.4 9.0 13.6 20.6 3.1 38.9 .6 6.6 11.0 11.3 13.0 36.0 13.2 8.2 .5 7.7 12.2 13.4 12.9 20.3 13.1 19.9 .7 6.4 14.4 10.1 12.4 14.3 12.7 29.1 .5 4.7 5.4 7.1 4.2 12.2 3.1 62.9 All stoppages..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 and under 20 workers ..................... 20 and under 1 0 0 ................................ 100 and under 250 .............................. 250 and under 500 .............................. 500 and under 1,000 ........................... 1,000 and under 5,000 ....................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ..................... 10,000 and o v e r................................... .6 6.2 9.1 10.5 8.7 17.2 7.4 40.2 .5 7.4 16.6 22.0 22.1 24.2 7.3 - .3 5.3 8.7 13.0 13.7 16.9 6.2 35.9 .3 3.8 8.0 11.5 13.9 16.6 3.3 42.6 .4 4.8 8.8 8.0 11.9 16.5 3.2 46.4 .6 6.9 11.3 11.3 13.5 34.7 13.2 8.6 .6 8.7 13.3 14.7 13.2 21.0 9.7 18.9 .7 5.9 13.5 9.4 11.9 13.4 16.2 29.1 .6 5.7 6.1 9.5 4.7 13.4 3.8 56.2 Size of stoppage Percent distribution of workers involved Percent distribution of days idle 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4 and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported, 11 Tabl© 4= Work stoppages involving 10,000 workers or more, 1927=80 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Workers involved Days i d l e d u r i n g y e a r Percent o f Percent o f e st. t o ta l Number to ta l for w o r k i ng year tim e W Year Nu m be r o f work stoppages 1 9 2 7 ................................................ 1928 ................................................ 1929 ................................................ 1930 ................................................ 1 9 3 1 ................................................ 1 5 1 1 6 165 137 15 30 122 50.0 43.6 5.2 16.4 37.7 9,737 10,086 195 270 1,954 37.2 80.0 3.6 8. 1 28.4 0 . 14 . 14 (2) (2) . 03 1 9 3 2 ................................................ 1 933 ................................................ 1 9 3 4 ................................................ 1 9 3 5 ................................................ 1936 ................................................ 7 17 18 9 8 140 429 725 516 169 43.2 36.7 49.3 46. 1 21.4 5,337 5 , 199 7,488 4,523 2,893 50.8 30.7 38.2 29.2 20.8 . 12 . 11 . 15 . 08 . 04 1937 ................................................ 1938 ................................................ 1 939 ................................................ 1940 ................................................ 194 1 ................................................ 26 2 8 4 29 5 28 39 572 57 1,070 28.4 5.7 48.9 9.9 45.3 9,110 17 1 5,731 33 1 9,344 32. 1 1.9 32.2 4.9 40.6 . 14 (2) .09 (2) . 13 1 9 4 2 ................................................ 1943 ............................................. . 1 9 4 4 ................................................ 1 9 4 5 ................................................ 1 946 ................................................ 6 10 16 42 31 74 737 350 1,350 2,920 8.8 37.2 16.5 38.9 63.6 245 9,427 1,259 19,300 66,400 5.9 69.8 14.4 50.7 57.2 (2) . 10 .01 .24 .82 1 9 4 7 ................................................ 1 9 4 8 ........................... ................... 1 9 4 9 ................................................ 1950 ................................................ 1 9 5 1 ................................................ 15 20 18 22 19 1,030 8 70 1,920 738 457 47.5 44.5 63.2 30.7 20.6 17,700 18,900 34,900 21,700 5,680 51.2 55.3 69.0 56.0 24.8 . 21 .20 .4 1 .25 .57 1 9 5 2 ................................................ 1 9 5 3 ................................................ 1 9 5 4 ................................................ 1 9 5 5 ................................................ 1956 ................................................ 1957 ............................................... 1 9 5 8 ................................................ 1 9 5 9 ................................................ 1960 ................................................ 196 1 ................................................ 35 28 18 26 12 13 21 20 17 14 1,690 650 437 1,210 758 283 823 845 3 84 60 1 47.8 27 . 1 28.5 45.6 39.9 20.4 40.0 45.0 29.2 41.4 36,900 7,270 7,520 12,300 19,600 3,050 10,600 50,800 7,140 4,950 62.6 25.7 33.3 43.4 59. 1 18.5 44.2 73.7 37.4 30.4 .36 .07 .07 . 11 . 17 .26 . 10 .45 . 06 . 04 1 9 6 2 ................................................ 1 9 6 3 ................................................ 1964 .............................................. 1965 ................................................ 1966 ................................................ 16 7 18 21 26 3 18 102 607 387 600 25.8 10.8 37.0 25.0 30.7 4,800 3,540 7,990 6,070 7,290 25.8 22.0 34.8 26.0 28.7 .04 .03 .06 . 05 . 05 1967 ................................................ 1 9 6 8 ................................................ 1969 ................................................ 1 970 ................................................ 197 1 ................................................ 28 32 25 34 29 1,340 994 668 1,653 1,901 46.5 37.5 26.9 50.0 58.0 21,400 20,514 17,853 35,440 23,152 50.7 41.8 41.6 53.4 48.6 . 15 . 12 . 10 .20 . 13 1 9 7 2 ................................................ 1973 ................................................ 1 9 7 4 ................................................ 1975 ................................................ 1976 ................................................ 18 25 27 20 23 390 7 13 836 474 1, 030 22.7 31.7 30 . 1 27.2 42.6 7,499 6,062 12,914 7,482 14,043 27.7 21.7 26.8 24.0 37 . 1 . 04 . 03 .06 . 04 . 07 1977 ................................................ 1 9 7 8 ................................................ 1 9 7 9 ................................................ 1980 ................................................ 18 11 11 ■ 14 53 1 526 502 387 26.5 32.4 29. 1 28.3 9,8 86 13,537 9,268 12,256 27.6 36.7 26.7 36.8 . 05 . 02 . 04 . 05 Number Percent o f to ta l for year 1 See footnote 3, table 1. 2 Less than 0.005 percent. 12 Table 5. Work stoppages beginning in 1980 involving 10,000 workers or more Beginning date Approxim ate duration (calendar days)1 Establishm ent(s) and location(s) Union(s) involved2 Approxim ate num ber of workers involved3 M ajor terms of s ettlem en t4 Jan. 8 186 Petroleum refining com panies— nation w ide com panies Oil, Chem ical and Atom ic W orkers 63,100 2-year agreem ent w as reached first with Gulf Oil Corp. and Cities Service Co. Gulf contract, which set the pattern for the rest of the industry, provided: 52 cents-an-hour increase in w ages retroactive to 1/8/80, plus a 5-percent increase already built into the previous contract for the firs t year; a 10.5percent increase in the sec ond year; increased com pany c o n trib u tio n to h e a lth -c a re coverage, d e n ta l a s s is ta n c e plan, and additional vacation time. Jan. 21 40 Retail grocery sto res— Northern California United Food and Com m ercial Workers 15,000 $1.81-per-hour pay increase over next 38 months, with COLA (based on 10 pecent inflation rate) expected to add another $1 to $1.10 per hour. Economic package sim ilar to th a t in s e ttle ment with b utchers’ union in w inter 1979. Pay d ifferential for clerks who stock food and non food items: At least $1 per hour less for nonfood clerks. Increas ed retirem ent benefits. Jan. 28 14 Board of Education— Chicago, III. Am erican Federation of Teachers (AFT) 26,000 2-year contract provided rehiring 504 teachers and aides fired to save money; in return, teachers sacrificed 1 day of work and som e minor provisions. Apr.1 10 M etropolitan Transit A u th o r ity New York City Transport W orkers Union, Am algam ated Transit Union 31,700 2-year agreem ent provided wage increases of 9 percent the first year and 8 percent the second; COLA of 1 cent-per-hour for each 0.4 increase in New York M etropolitan CPI, with a 6percent cap, to be paid Oct. 1, 1981; $5 million contribution to union-run health and w elfare funds; catch-up pay for workers hired since last pact; new w age progression system. M ay 21 3 Construction industry— New York City Team sters (Ind.) (IBT) 10,000 Dispute during the term of the contract involved placem ent of armed T eam sters on all con struction sites to “p ro te c t” the working Team sters from the “ invasion of the site by minori ties. seeking em ploym ent.” Re turn to work w as ordered by See footnotes at end of table. 13 Table 5. Continued— Work stoppages beginning in 1980 involving 10,000 workers or more Beginning date A pproxim ate duration (calendar days)1 Establishm ent(s) and location(s) Union(s) involved2 Approxim ate num ber of workers involved3 M ajor term s of settlem en t4 Federal court, with unresolved issue to be settled by a rb itra tion. June 16 11 Construction industry— Northern California Plasterers and Cement Masons 20,000 3-year contract provided w age in crease of $1.30 per hour e ffe c tive June 16,1980, plus 10 cents per hour supplem ental dues increases on July 1 and a 50-cents per-hour unallocated w age-fringe increase on Nov. 1; in each of the second and third years, an unallocated wagefringe increase of $1.05 in June, a 10 cents increase in supple m ental dues contribution in July, and a COLA in Nov. June 16 12 Construction industry— Northern and Central California C arpenters and Joiners of Am erica (CJA) 35,000 3-year contract provided $1.67 perhour pay increase retroactive to June 16, 1980, another 35 cents per hour on Nov. 1, 1980, and a d d itio n a l c o n trib u tio n s to fringe benefits. June 23 32 Construction industry— San Diego, Calif. IBT (Ind.) & CJA 25,000 IBT: 3-year contract provided hour ly w age increases of $2 retro active to June 1 6,1980, $1.67 on June 16, 1981, another $1.68 on June 16,1982, and an additional 62 cents for fringe benefits. CJA: 3-year c o n tra c t provided $6.15 per hour in w ages and fringe benefits, including an im m ediate $1.55 in w age retro active to June 16, 1980. July 1 3 July 1 146 Construction industry— San Jose, Calif. Plumbers and Pipe Fitters 15,000 3-year contract provided an im m e d iate hourly w age increase of $2.50, a 76-cent increase on Nov. 1, 1980, and 38 cents on Jan. 1, 1981; plus full COLA in 1981 and 1982, with g uaran tees of at least $2.10 per hour in 1981 and $2 per hour in 1982. Copper in d u s tr y interstate United Steelw orkers of Am erica & craft unions 26,600 Kennecott settled first on Aug. 27 with a 3-year agreem ent th a t set the pattern for the industry. A w age and cost-of-living pack age of gains totallin g 39 percent over the 3 years provided: Con tinuation of the quarterly esca lator form ula of 1 cent per hour for each 0.3-point change in the CPI, plus an im m ediate lum p sum paym ent of $25 per worker; general hourly w age increases See footnotes at end of table. 14 Table 5. Continued— Work stoppages beginning in 1980 involving 10,000 workers or more Beginning date Approxim ate duration (calendar days)1 Establishm ent(s) and location(s) Union(s) involved2 Approxim ate num ber of workers involved3 M ajor terms of s e ttle m e n t4 of 25 cents, 20 cents, and 15 cents, respectively, for the 3 years of the contract; increase in the increm ent betw een job grades of 2 cent, V2 cent, and 1 cent, respectively; increases in shift prem ium s and fringe benefits. V July 7 6 Construction industry— Southern California Laborers 50,000 July 21 75 M otion picture and TV Producers and 3 TV netw orks— interstate Screen Actors Guild, Associated Actors 25,000 and Artistes of Am erica 3 -y e a r c o n tra c t p ro v id e d increases in wages and benefits totalling $6.25 per hour ($2.25, $2, and $2, effective July 1, 1980, 1981, and 1982, respec tively), for 70 percent of the workers; the rem ainder to re ceive increases ranging up to $ 6 .5 5 , d e p e n d in g on jo b classifications. 3 -y e a r a g r e e m e n t p r o v id e d 32.25-percent increase in payscale m inim um s, in 2 steps: 15 percent when the con tract is signed and another 15 percent in 18 m onths based on the in creased am ount, plus a sub stantial boost in prime tim e rerun ceilings. Sept. 1 22 Board of Education— Philadelphia, Pa. AFT 21,000 2-year contract provided rehiring of 2,000 teachers laid off in June; right of school district to lay off employees in second year of contract; no pay in crease during first year; 10percent increase in second year. Sept. 26 2 Southern Pacific Railroad— interstate Brotherhood of Locom otive Engineers (Ind.) 23,300 Dispute occurred when engineers objected to alcohol breath tests as a “change in work rules” and ended when workers were ordered back by the Federal ju d g e ’s tem porary restraining order. 1 Includes nonworkdays, such as Saturdays, Sundays, and established holidays. 2 The unions listed are those directly involved in the dis pute, but the num ber of workers involved may include m em bers of other unions or nonunion workers idle by the disputes in the sam e establishm ents. The unions are a ffilia te d with the AFL-CIO , except where they are noted as independent (Ind.). 3 The num ber of w orkers involved is the m axim um m ade idle for 1 shift or longer in estab lish m en ts directly involved in the stoppage. This does not m easure the indirect or secondary e f fect on other estab lish m en ts or industries whose em ployees are made idle as a result of m aterial or service shortages. ‘■Adapted largely from pub lished m onthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Current Wage Developments, 15 Table 6. Work stoppages by industry group and size, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group Total 6 and under 20 workers 20 and under 100 workers 100 and under 250 workers 250 and under 500 workers 500 and under 1,000 workers 1,000 and under 5,000 workers 5.000 and under 10.000 workers 10,000 workers or more S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in y e a r All industries........................................ 3,885 507 1,572 893 451 275 156 17 14 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 1,809 177 783 470 205 114 57 1 2 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ........................................... _ 155 33 37 _ 22 4 8 _ 61 13 20 _ 40 10 8 _ 21 3 1 _ 7 3 - _ 4 - _ - _ - Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... 70 60 68 33 89 9 3 5 3 11 36 25 24 15 46 14 20 23 7 25 7 4 3 4 3 3 3 9 1 3 1 5 4 3 1 - ■ - - 19 2 11 4 “ 1 61 7 118 175 8 18 10 23 1 61 61 23 1 19 61 4 2 14 30 3 3 5 11 1 1 - 1 Fabricated metal products 3 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation eq uipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 4 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 280 280 32 18 143 123 61 76 23 34 15 16 5 13 1 _ 140 114 29 42 8 7 3 6 42 42 14 22 35 30 6 7 30 14 4 4 17 10 1 3 8 11 1 - - - Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 2,080 330 789 424 247 161 100 16 13 5 _ 1 6 Petroleum refining and related industries ................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... 74 79 6 79 61 3 66 44 2 54 28 2 8 43 _ 1 6 103 200 43 51 15 30 12 7 10 116 4 1 1 1 9 55 60 10 120 198 5 _ _ 22 67 1 11 46 _ 44 135 2 2 1 3 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract .construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 19 297 287 1 14 20 243 411 Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S ervices..................................................... Government5 ............................................. 25 262 536 55 See footnotes at end of table. 1 16 5 _ 7 25 Table 6. Continued-W ork stoppages by industry group and size, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group 6 and under 20 workers Total 20 and under 100 workers 100 and under 250 workers 250 and under 500 workers 500 and under 1,000 workers 1,000 and under 5,000 workers 5.000 and under 10.000 workers 10,000 workers or more W o r k e r s in v o lv e d All industries........................................ 1 1,366.3 6.3 80.5 141.0 157.9 185.4 295.5 113.2 386.6 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 453.3 2.3 41.6 74.2 70.3 77.7 109.1 7.0 71.1 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures..... :..................... Textile mill products................................. Apparel, e tc .2 ........................................... _ _ 32.8 5.5 2.8 .3 .1 .1 _ 3.3 .7 .9 _ 6.7 1.6 1.3 7.1 1.1 .4 _ 5.1 2.2 - 10.4 - - - Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ............... 9.8 15.2 18.4 8.0 10.7 1.5 1.3 1.3 .8 2.3 2.4 3.4 3.6 1.3 4.1 2.1 1.5 .9 1.2 1.1 2.3 2.0 6.2 .5 2.1 1.4 7.0 6.3 4.1 1.0 - - .6 .6 “ .5 “ 63.1 Petroleum refining and related indu stries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts ................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... 64.8 .1 0 .1 (6 ) .2 (6) 8.6 3.1 15.0 41.9 .1 .2 .1 1.3 .1 3.3 3.3 3.7 .1 2.8 9.6 1.5 .8 4.5 10.2 2.0 2.1 2.9 7.1 1.2 3.6 - 8.1 Fabricated metal products 3 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipment ....................... Instruments, e tc .4 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 48.9 62.2 .4 .2 7.7 6.3 9.2 11.7 8.1 12.4 9.9 10.7 6.6 21.0 7.0 _ 45.2 48.6 6.0 5.8 .1 .1 5.4 4.8 9.8 5.1 1.5 .1 2.4 2.4 .7 1.2 1.1 12.0 7.2 .7 2.3 15.5 29.1 1.9 - - - Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 913.0 4.0 38.9 66.8 87.6 107.6 186.4 106.2 315.5 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s e rv ic e s ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 7.9 116.6 320.4 .3 3.9 4.0 1.0 13.3 9.0 1.1 .2 .2 24.9 15.4 1.3 35.3 18.5 4.2 13.1 81.7 _ 7.4 36.5 _ 18.5 155.0 95.7 61.1 .7 1.3 4.4 9.6 6.5 6.8 4.9 10.4 8.2 4.4 23.5 6.2 24.3 7.4 23.3 15.0 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ...... S ervices..................................................... Government5 ............................................. 2.2 85.6 223.6 .1 .7 .7 .4 5.9 10.5 .8 7.3 22.2 7.7 23.3 1.0 7.0 32.0 16.0 41.6 0 (6 ) See footnotes at end of table. 17 1.1 1.1 _ _ “ _ 16.0 14.6 _ 25.0 78.7 Table 6. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and size, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group 6 and under 20 workers Total 20 and under 100 workers 100 and under 250 workers 250 and under 500 workers 500 and under 1,000 workers 1,000 and under 5,000 workers 5.000 and under 10.000 workers 10,000 workers or more D a y s id le d u rin g y e a r (all s to p p a g e s ) All industries........................................ 1 33,288.5 178.9 2,193.1 3,171.0 3,441.0 3,460.5 5,643.3 2,944.3 12,256.3 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 17,153.6 138.4 6,665.9 _ - 70.2 1,373.1 2,159.5 2,237.8 2,033.0 2,475.7 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 1 ........................................... 2 _ _ _ _ 12.7 1.6 4.7 170.1 34.5 12.6 252.4 40.8 2.0 _ 99.3 13.2 - _ 810.3 165.1 61.6 _ 92.7 11.7 42.3 183.1 63.3 - - Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... 419.5 310.0 634.3 131.9 469.3 4.0 .9 1.1 2.3 5.4 53.3 31.1 36.8 28.1 95.9 115.9 72.0 78.7 40.9 150.9 115.0 23.4 80.5 11.9 101.0 110.1 47.6 188.6 2.7 96.9 21.1 135.2 248.5 45.9 19.2 - - 3,763.5 .3 16.0 51.1 7.0 27.0 - - 3,662.1 241.9 41.8 359.1 1,746.6 1.7 5.4 4.0 37.1 1.1 105.6 127.8 157.9 3.1 58.6 250.2 20.4 4.9 125.8 332.9 24.8 32.7 57.7 267.2 - 6.0 10.8 - 753.8 Fabricated metal products 3 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation e q uipm e nt....................... Instruments, e tc .4 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 1,400.3 2,759:1 9.0 8.6 240.0 225.7 263.8 347.5 318.8 410.9 170.5 287.4 241.2 376.3 138.4 - 18.5 1,102.6 753.4 2,679.2 202.1 204.6 1.4 2.1 1.9 3.0 55.5 125.9 19.2 27.0 86.1 210.9 17.6 37.1 140.6 159.4 35.3 54.8 144.4 378.7 1.4 82.7 325.3 673.2 126.8 - Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 16,134.9 108.7 820.0 1,011.4 1,203.2 1,427.5 Petroleum refining and related industries ................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... - 1,128.8 - 3,167.6 2,806.0 5,590.4 1,357.1 1,430.0 23.3 550.9 - Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 107.6 1,952.0 4,752.5 .3 5.5 4.0 7.2 22.7 75.0 14.0 34.6 171.8 34.8 53.3 251.1 23.6 183.6 208.8 27.6 179.6 1,327.9 _ 115.6 1,283.8 1,740.7 1,402.7 28.0 43.1 134.1 253.8 160.3 198.5 163.2 158.4 155.5 88.2 913.3 43.6 163.0 66.3 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ...... S ervices..................................................... Government5 ............................................. 54.7 3,776.8 2,347.8 5.5 17.8 4.5 17.2 215.7 94.3 16.5 205.4 210.3 222.3 320.2 15.5 301.6 450.5 337.3 338.3 1 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in each. Workers involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 2 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials. 3 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. _ - - _ _ 1,076.0 101.3 _ _ 1,400.8 828.4 4 Includes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks. 5 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 6 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 18 Table 7. Work stoppages by affiliation of labor organizations involved, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages beginning in year Affiliation Stoppages Number Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved Percent Number Percent Number Percent All stoppages ............................................... 3,885 100.0 1,366.3 100.0 33,288.5 100.0 AFL-CIO u n io n s .............................................. Unaffiliated un io ns.......................................... Single-firm u n io ns........................................... Different affiliations 1 ...................................... Professional employee associations............ No union or association involved................. 2,252 1,204 58 9 289 73 58.0 31.0 1.5 .2 7.4 1.9 951.3 277.4 14.8 38.7 80.0 4.2 69.6 20.3 1.1 2.8 5.9 .3 23,738.2 6,860.5 381.9 1,334.7 932.1 41.0 71.3 20.6 1.1 4.0 2.8 .1 1 Stoppages involving both AFL-CIO affiliates and unaffiliated unions, or stoppages involving more than one unaffiliated union. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 19 Table 8. Work stoppages by contract status and size, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages beginning in year Contract status and size of stoppage Stoppages Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Percent Number Percent Number Percent All stoppages.......................................................... 3,885 100.0 1366.3 100.0 33,288.5 100.0 6 and under 20 w orke rs........................................... 20 and under 100 ..................................................... 100 and under 250 ................................................... 250 and under 500 ................................................... 500 and under 1,000 ................................................ 1,000 and under 5,000 ............................................. 5,000 and under 10,000........................................... 10,000 and o v e r........................................................ 507 1,572 893 451 275 156 17 14 13.1 40.5 23.0 11.6 7.1 4.0 .4 .4 6.3 80.5 141.0 157.9 185.4 295.5 113.2 386.6 .5 5.9 10.3 11.6 13.6 21.6 8.3 28.3 178.9 2,193.1 3,171.0 3,441.0 3,460.5 5,643.3 2,944.3 12,256.3 .5 6.6 9.5 10.3 10.4 17.0 8.8 36.8 Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition.................................................... 6 and under 20 w o rk e rs........................................ 20 and under 100 .................................................. 100 and under 250 ................................................ 250 and under 500 ................................................ 500 and under 1,000 ............................................. 1,000 and under 5,000 .......................................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ........................................ 10,000 and o v e r ..................................................... 341 97 159 62 13 6 3 1 - 8.8 2.5 4.1 1.6 .3 .2 .1 O - 39.1 1.2 7.3 9.7 4.3 3.8 6.8 6.0 - 2.9 .1 .5 .7 .3 .3 .5 .4 - 1,764.8 39.0 308.1 299.7 208.7 113.0 154.4 642.0 - 5.3 .1 .9 .9 .6 .3 .5 1.9 - Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening)....................................... 6 and under 20 w o rk e rs ........................................ 20 and under 100 .................................................. 100 and under 250 ................................................ 250 and under 500 ................................................ 500 and under 1,000 ............................................. 1,000 and under 5,000 .......................................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ........................................ 10,000 and o v e r ..................................................... 2,596 268 1,058 631 310 181 123 13 12 66.8 6.9 27.2 16.2 8.0 4.7 3.2 .3 .3 1064.7 3.5 55.4 98.9 107.9 122.2 235.0 88.5 353.4 77.9 .3 4.1 7.2 7.9 N 8.9 17.2 6.5 25.9 29,640.5 109.4 1,599.0 2,502.9 2,871.6 3,053.2 5,131.6 2,169.8 12,203.0 89.0 .3 4.8 7.5 8.6 9.2 15.4 6.5 36.7 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involve d).......................... 6 and under 20 w o rk e rs ........................................ 20 and under 100 .................................................. 100 and under 250 ................................................ 250 and under 500 ................................................ 500 and under 1,000 ............................................. 1,000 and under 5,000 .......................................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ........................................ 10,000 and o v e r ..................................................... 521 36 154 126 100 73 27 3 2 13.4 .9 4.0 3.2 2.6 1.9 .7 .1 .1 216.6 .4 8.3 21.3 36.1 49.4 49.2 18.7 33.3 15.9 O .6 1.6 2.6 3.6 3.6 1.4 2.4 709.6 6.5 45.4 67.9 88.8 162.2 152.9 132.6 53.3 2.1 (’) .1 .2 .3 .5 .5 .4 .2 No contract or other contract s ta tu s...................... 6 and under 20 w o rk e rs............. ........................... 20 and under 100 .................................................. 100 and under 250 ................................................ 250 and under 500 ................................................ 500 and under 1,000 ............................................. 1,000 and under 5,000 .......................................... 5,000 and under 10,000 ........................................ 10,000 and o v e r ..................................................... 113 28 47 20 10 8 2.9 .7 1.2 .5 .3 .2 15.0 .3 2.2 3.1 3.8 5.6 1.1 O .2 .2 .3 .4 226.3 2.1 35.4 43.7 54.4 27.5 63.3 No information on contract s ta tu s .......................... 6 and under 20 w o rk e rs ........................................ 20 and under 100 .................................................. 100 and under 250 ................................................ 250 and under 500 ................................................ 500 and under 1,000 ............................................. 1,000 and under 5,000 .......................................... 5,000 an<^ under 10,000 ........................................ 10,000 and o v e r ..................................................... 314 78 154 54 18 7 3 - .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31.0 .9 7.4 8.1 5.7 4.4 4.5 - 2.3 .1 .5 .6 .4 .3 .3 “ 947.2 21.9 205.3 256.8 217.6 104.6 141.1 “ 2.8 .1 .6 .8 .7 .3 .4 “ - 8.1 2.0 4.0 1.4 .5 .2 .1 - 1 Less than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal .7 O totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 20 Table 9. Work stoppages by industry group and contract status 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition Total Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved All industries........................................ 1 3,885 1,366.3 33,288.5 341 39.1 1,764.8 2,596 1,064.7 29,640.5 Manufacturing ........................................ ' 1,809 127 11.9 617.0 1,365 368.8 15,643.3 _ _ _ _ .6 114.1 .3 17.8 119 25 12 26.7 5.2 1.1 636.9 86.4 14.2 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 3 ........................................... 453.3 17,153.6 _ _ 155 32.8 810.3 - - - Workers involved Stoppages beginning in year Number _ Number Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening) _ _ 12 .6 - - 33 37 5.5 2.8 165.1 61.6 2 9 70 60 68 33 89 9.8 15.2 18.4 8.0 10.7 419.5 310.0 634.3 131.9 469.’3 11 2 5 3 9 .8 .3 .1 .1 .9 35.7 1.1 2.6 18.1 29.6 46 51 58 27 72 7.6 13.4 17.1 6.9 9.4 365.0 245.1 618.8 102.3 432.4 19 64.8 3,763.5 2 .5 27.0 16 64.2 3,735.0 61 7 118 175 8.6 3.1 15.0 41.9 241.9 41.8 359.1 1,746.6 12 1.3 45 7 84 138 6.6 3.1 11.3 35.3 161.7 41.8 293.7 1,545.9 Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation eq uipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 280 280 48.9 62.2 140 114 29 42 Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 2,080 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ...................................................... . Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 19 297 287 Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S ervices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... Petroleum refining and related industries ................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products....................................... :......... Leather and leather p ro d u c ts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... - - 5 8 .1 .6 74.8 17.4 73.1 1,400.3 2,759.1 12 13 .7 1.2 25.0 70.4 228 207 44.3 48.1 1,222.0 2,570.4 45.2 48.6 6.0 5.8 753.4 2,679.2 202.1 204.6 9 8 1 4 1.5 1.9 .2 .2 17.3 86.7 2.5 3.5 80 88 28 35 24.9 33.1 5.7 4.7 675.9 2,516.1 199.7 179.9 913.0 16,134.9 214 27.2 1,147.8 1,235 695.8 13,997.1 7.9 116.6 320.4 107.6 1,952.0 4,752.5 4 4 13 1.0 .1 9.2 19.4 5.8 683.4 8 30 237 4.7 23.5 288.9 73.6 1,559.3 3,996.9 243 411 95.7 61.1 1,740.7 1,402.7 38 44 3.1 1.5 66.0 54.1 141 292 52.0 53.5 1,579.9 1,251.6 25 262 536 2.2 85.6 223.6 54.7 3,776.8 2,347.8 2 53 56 (2) 4.1 8.0 1.8 211.1 106.2 21 151 355 2.1 77.4 193.6 3,445.7 2,037.6 See footnotes at end of table. (2 ) 21 52.5 Table 9. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and contract status, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved) Industry group Stoppages beginning in year No contract or other contract status Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) All industries........................................ 1 521 216.6 709.6 113 15.0 226.3 314 31.0 947.2 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 134 51.8 214.1 33 6.2 115.5 150 14.6 563.6 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, e tc .3 ........................................... _ 7 6 _ 3.3 .3 - 24.6 .7 _ 6 2 _ .8 .1 _ 5.9 63.5 1.3 11 6 8 1.4 .3 .7 28.7 14.9 27.6 Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... 4 1 2 2 1 2.5 1.0 10.3 2.1 2.3 1 2 - .1 .1 - 6.8 1.2 - 8 4 3 1 7 .8 1.4 .5 .3 .3 9.6 61.5 2.7 9.3 5.0 - - 1.2 1.0 2.4 .8 30.0 106.3 Petroleum refining and related indu stries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... .7 .6 (2) 1 .1 .3 1 .1 2.1 - - 2 13 8 2.4 2.2 15.9 8.7 4 3 .6 .1 1.4 . - - - - Number Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved .6 Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number (13 2) Number No information on contract status Workers involved _ 2.4 2.1 12.6 1 12 18 _ (2) _ Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 5 31 .8 10.1 8.4 32.4 4 3 .9 .5 9.1 4.0 31 26 2.2 2.3 135.8 82.0 42 48.1 39.3 15.4 6 - 1.7 - 6.7 - 3 1 16.9 13.0 .7 - - - .2 .6 .1 5.5 37.1 5.7 Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 387 164.8 495.6 80 8.8 110.8 164 16.4 383.6 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 3 257 24 1.8 90.7 20.1 7.0 304.4 58.4 3 2 3 .2 .6 .2 6.8 2.7 2.6 1 4 10 (2 ) 1.7 1.9 .8 79.8 11.1 29 15 37.5 3.2 56.1 11.5 9 .9 8 .4 3.4 1.5 26 52 2.1 2.5 35.3 84.0 Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S e rvices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ 1 15 43 .2 16.8 41.2 1 13 41 (2 ) 1.1 5.4 .1 50.5 43.1 _ 30 41 .1 52.8 119.7 9 (2 ) 1.5 9.8 1 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in each. Workers involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 2 Fewer than 50. 3 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials. 9 - . 2 _ 1.5 6.7 4 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. 5 Includes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks. 6 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 22 Table 10. Work stoppages by contract status and major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Workers involved Stoppages Contract status and major issue Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent All stoppages ............................................... 3,885 100.0 1366.3 100.0 33,288.5 100.0 Negotiation of first agreem ent...................... General wage changes............................... Supplementary b e n e fits .............................. Wage adjustm ents....................................... Hours of work .............................................. Other contractual matters .......................... Union organization and s e c u rity................ Job se cu rity .................................................. Plant adm inistration..................................... Other working conditions............................ Interunion and intraunion matters ............. Not re p o rte d ................................................. 341 163 3 2 1 18 124 14 14 1 1 - 8.8 4.2 .1 .1 (’) .5 3.2 .4 .4 O O - 39.1 21.1 .4 .2 (') 1.4 12.5 1.3 1.6 .4 .1 - 2.9 1.5 O O 0 .1 .9 .1 .1 0 0 - 1,764.8 1,210.1 3.8 2.8 .4 102.3 374.3 32.9 32.4 5.7 .2 5.3 3.6 O O 0 .3 1.1 .1 .1 O (’) “ Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening) .................................................... General wage cha nges............................... Supplementary b e n e fits .............................. Wage adjustm ents....................................... Hours of work .............................................. Other contractual matters .......................... Union organization and s e c u rity ................ Job se cu rity .................................................. Plant adm inistration..................................... Other working conditions............................ Interunion and intraunion matters ............. Not re ported........................................... ...... 2,596 2,171 55 29 5 88 46 119 70 7 4 2 66.8 55.9 1.4 .7 .1 2.3 1.2 3.1 1.8 .2 .1 .1 1064.7 794.8 11.5 37.3 .6 21.9 14.2 166.7 10.8 2.8 3.5 .5 77.9 58.2 .8 2.7 O 1.6 1.0 12.2 .8 .2 .3 O 29,640.5 20,063.2 256.3 2,336.6 13.0 515.2 229.8 3,291.8 2,847.2 54.8 24.2 8.3 89.0 60.3 .8 7.0 (’) 1.5 .7 9.9 8.6 .2 .1 0 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved) .................... General wage cha nges............................... Supplementary b e n e fits .............................. Wage adjustm ents....................................... Hours of work .............................................. Other contractual matters .......................... Union organization and s e c u rity................ Job se cu rity .................................................. Plant adm inistration..................................... Other working conditions............................ Interunion and intraunion matters ............. Not re p o rte d ................................................. 521 39 10 14 1 20 17 51 268 43 58 - 13.4 1.0 .3 .4 0 .5 .4 1.3 6.9 1.1 1.5 - 216.6 11.2 2.5 4.0 .1 5.4 7.4 31.0 124.3 10.7 20.0 - 15.9 .8 .2 .3 0 .4 .5 2.3 9.1 .8 1.5 - 709.6 75.3 19.6 10.4 .2 26.8 23.8 73.9 389.5 36.1 54.1 - 2.1 .2 .1 O (’) .1 .1 .2 1.2 .1 .2 - No contract or other contract s ta tu s ........... General wage cha nges............................... Supplementary b e n e fits .............................. Wage adjustm ents....................................... Hours of work .............................................. Other contractual matters .......................... Union organization and s e c u rity ................ Job s e cu rity .................................................. Plant adm inistration..................................... Other working conditions............................ Interunion and intraunion matters ............. Not re p o rte d ................................................. 113 55 4 4 1 7 8 7 25 2.9 1.4 .1 .1 O .2 .2 15.0 7.1 .3 1.0 .1 .2 .4 .9 4.8 1.1 .5 (’) .1 0 0 .7 .4 .4 226.3 139.9 3.9 10.5 .3 .6 10.9 8.4 51.6 - - - - - - No information ................................................ 314 8.1 31.0 2.3 947.2 2.8 1 Less than 0.05 percent. 1 1 .2 .6 .1 O 0 O 0 .1 0 0 .1 .1 O O 0 0 0 0 .2 0 0 NOTE: Because o f rounding, sum s o f individ ual item s may not equal totals. 23 Table 11. Work stoppages by major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages beginning in year Major issue Stoppages Number Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved Percent Number Percent Number Percent All stoppages.................................................... 3,885 100.0 1366.3 100.0 33,288.5 100.0 General wage ch a n g e s ...................................... General wage increase ................................... General wage increase plus supplementary benefits............................................................ General wage increase, hours d e crease...... General wage d e crease.................................. Cost-of-living in c re a s e ..................................... General wage and cost-of-living increase .... Wages and working conditions ...................... 2,601 875 66.9 22.5 852.6 225.1 62.4 16.5 22,020.2 3,520.9 66.1 10.6 1,332 1 1 62 145 185 34.3 0 (1 ) 1.6 3.7 4.8' 468.4 (2) .1 14.8 67.1 77.1 34.3 0 O 1.1 4.9 5.6 13,527.2 .1 .6 705.6 2,988.1 1,277.6 40.6 O 0 2.1 9.0 3.8 Supplementary benefits ..................................... Pensions, insurance, and other welfare programs.......................................................... Severance or dismissal pay, and other payments on layoff or separation................. Premium p a y .............................................. ;...... O th e r.................................................................. 79 2.0 15.4 1.1 294.4 .9 44 1.1 6.6 .5 161.7 .5 2 11 22 .1 .3 .6 .4 2.8 5.5 .2 .4 15.3 38.8 78.7 Wage adjustments ....................................... ....... Incentive pay rates or administration ............. Job classification or ra te s ............................... D owngrading..................................................... Retroactivity ...................................................... Method of computing p a y ............................... 52 16 26 1 1 8 1.3 .4 .7 O (1 ) .2 42.9 36.6 4.9 (2) (2) 1.3 3.1 2.7 .4 0 0 .1 2,361.1 2,315.4 40.4 (2) .1 5.2 Hours of w o rk ...................................................... Increase............................................................. D ecre ase........................................................... 9 9 - .2 .2 - ^9 .9 - .1 .1 - 14.0 14.0 - Other contractual m a tters.................................. Duration of c o n tra c t......................................... Local issues supplementing national contract............................................................ Unspecified ....................................................... 204 12 5.3 .3 35.1 1.6 2.6 .1 875.7 99.4 2.6 .3 6 186 .2 4.8 11.3 22.2 .8 1.6 157.9 618.5 .5 1.9 Union organization and security........................ Recognition (certification) ............................... Recognition and job or union security issues Recognition and economic is s u e s................. Strengthening bargaining position and economic issues............................................. Union se cu rity................................................... Refusal to sign agreem ent.............................. O th e r.................................................................. 205 67 4 10 5.3 1.7 .1 34.9 7.8 2.6 .3 1.1 .1 672.6 145.5 38.7 30.3 2.0 .4 .1 .1 47 23 38 16 1.2 9.5 6.7 3.8 5.8 .7 .5 200.5 92.5 127.6 37.5 .6 .3 Job security ......................................................... Seniority and/or la y o ff..................................... Division of w o rk ................................................ Subcontracting.................................................. New machinery or other technological issues............................................................... Job transfers, bumping, etc.............................. Transfer of operations or prefabricated goods................................................................ Job security and economic issues................. O th e r.................................................................. 202 56 5 11 5.2 1.4 .1 201.5 47.7 14.7 3.5 .3 40.3 3.0 3,497.6 446.0 11.9 391.1 10.5 1.3 O 1.2 3 .1 .1 2.3 5 28.9 19.8 .1 .1 1 91 30 0 2.3 .8 (2) 100.1 7.5 .1 7.3 1.4 2,499.8 98.8 0 7.5 Plant administration ............................................ Physical facilities, surroundings, etc............... Safety measures, dangerous equipment, etc. Supervision........................................................ Shift work .......................................................... Work assignm ents............................................ Speedup (w orkload)......................................... Work ru le s ......................................................... Overtime work .................................................. Discharge and discipline ................................. O th e r.................................................................. 383 20 29 9.9 .5 .7 10.4 34 10 .9 141.8 3.6 10.1 3.0 5.2 7.4 2.9 7.3 3.7 50.8 47.9 3,327.1 15.4 20.3 8.2 35.7 26.3 7.1 97.8 50.3 288.2 2,777.8 10.0 O .1 0 .1 .1 0 22 22 32 22 107 85 .6 1.0 .4 .6 .6 .3 .8 .6 2.8 2.2 See footnotes at end of table. 24 .2 2.2 .6 O .6 0 .3 .4 .2 .2 (’) .6 .3 .7 .2 .4 .5 .2 .5 .3 3.7 3.5 O .1 .2 7.1 7.0 .1 O O 0 0 (') - .4 .1 .3 .3 .2 .9 8.3 Table 11. Continued-W ork stoppages by major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages beginning in year Major issue Number Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved Stoppages Percent Number Percent Number Percent Other working c o n ditions................................... A rbitration.......................................................... Grievance procedures ..................................... Unspecified contract v io la tio n s ...................... 55 9 6 40 1.4 .2 .2 1.0 14.4 3.3 1.9 9.2 1.1 .2 .1 .7 99.2 37.0 16.0 46.2 0.3 .1 O .1 Interunion or intraunion m a tters........................ Union rivalry 3 ................................................... Jurisdiction-representation of workers 4 ........ Jurisdiction-work assignm ent.......................... Union administration 5 ....................................... Sym pathy........................................................... O th e r.................................................................. 65 2 10 4 49 - 1.7 23.9 1.7 79.0 .2 - .1 .3 .1 1.3 - .1 1.8 .6 21.5 - (') 1.6 - .2 6.4 .6 71.8 - Not reported ........................................................ 30 .8 3.0 .2 47.6 - 1 Less than 0.05 percent. 2 Fewer than 50. 3 Includes disputes between unions of different affiliation, such as those of AFL-CIO affiliates and independent organizations. 4 Includes disputes between unions, usually of the same affiliation or - - 0 .1 - 0 0 0 .2 .1 between 2 locals of the same union, over representation of workers. 5 Includes disputes within a union over the administration of union affairs or regulations. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 25 Table 12. Work stoppages by industry group and major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) General wage changes Total Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Supplementary benefits Stoppages beginning in year Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved All industries........................................ 1 3,885 1366.3 33,288.5 2,601 852.6 22,020.2 79 15.4 294.4 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 1,809 453.3 17,153.6 1,319 344.0 12,538.0 41 7.9 212.5 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ........................................... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 155 33 37 32.8 5.5 2.8 810.3 165.1 61.6 112 23 13 25.0 4.8 1.5 564.5 143.8 20.6 3 - .4 - 5.7 - - - Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ............... 70 60 68 33 89 9.8 15.2 18.4 8.0 10.7 419.5 310.0 634.3 131.9 469.3 51 48 54 19 71 7.9 13.1 16.3 4.9 8.2 330.7 282.6 575.9 95.6 340.4 1 1 2 2 .2 .1 1.3 1.0 1.8 2.6 6.3 51.4 19 64.8 3,763.5 16 64.6 3,746.9 “ 61 7 118 175 8.6 3.1 15.0 41.9 241.9 41.8 359.1 1,746.6 50 5 84 130 7.3 1.8 11.0 32.2 220.8 17.1 278.9 1,308.2 7 6 .7 1.3 280 280 48.9 62.2 1,400.3 2,759.1 212 203 39.9 48.8 1,076.3 1,340.9 8 7 1.4 .8 22.7 33.6 140 114 29 42 45.2 48.6 6.0 5.8 753.4 2,679.2 202.1 204.6 76 588.9 1,330.3 72.5 203.2 3 1 .7 25 40 23.6 23.5 3.7 5.8 - 7.3 - 81.9 Petroleum refining and related indu stries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts................. Stone, clay, and glass p roducts............. Primary metal industries.......................... Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 88 - Number Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved “ - (3) Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 2,080 913.0 16,134.9 1,286 508.6 9,482.2 38 7.5 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 19 297 287 7.9 116.6 320.4 107.6 1,952.0 4,752.5 11 26 216 5.5 21.6 211.8 81.8 1,488.8 3,159.0 1 6 6 2.2 243 411 95.7 61.1 1,740.7 1,402.7 159 286 50.9 35.9 1,524.2 677.0 5 9 Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S e rvices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ 25 262 536 2.2 54.7 3,776.8 2,347.8 17 172 399 1.8 35.6 145.4 43.4 1,048.3 1,459.8 _ 85.6 223.6 See footnotes at end of table. 26 1 10 _ (3 ) 21.2 59.4 .4 .1 2.2 1.9 17.7 14.4 .3 1.4 9.3 19.2 _ (3) 1.5 _ (3 ) 19.1 Table 12. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Union organization and security Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Plant administration Job security Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) All industries........................................ 1 205 34.9 672.6 202 201.5 3,497.6 383 141.8 3,327.1 11.2 308.7 88 24.6 708.7 117 31.9 2,737.2 _ _ _ _ 68.2 _ _ 7 .9 .1 9.2 .8 .4 .7 .2 .8 .6 .3 11.5 .9 6.0 2.1 16.7 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 79 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ........................................... _ 8 2 12 Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... 4 1 4 5 4 Petroleum refining and related industries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... _ 1.3 .1 .7 61.5 9.2 19.9 8 - 2.2 - .1 3.9 .8 3.3 23.2 16.2 .3 .7 .3 “ 6 .4 - - - - 3 3 2 5 4 2 5 (3 ) 1.3 1.0 .1 .7 3.9 21.6 46.3 2.2 43.2 6 1 4 2 2 1.0 (3 ) - - 1 (3) 14.2 (3 ) _ .2 - - .2 .6 .7 1.7 2.4 7.3 3.7 60.7 1 .1 7 13 1.4 3.8 .7 16.9 230.1 .1 2.7 34.3 1 1 7 5 8 10 .5 .7 17.4 65.4 7 16 1.3 3.8 70.6 126.0 17 21 3.1 4.3 87.0 1,114.9 4 3 1 1 1.5 4.1 .2 (3 ) 19.3 13.7 2.5 .4 14 8 2 - 3.9 5.0 2.0 - 44.6 80.5 127.0 .2 23 6 1 - 7.3 8.2 (3 ) 60.8 1,179.1 .1 - Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 126 23.7 363.9 114 176.9 2,789.0 266 109.9 589.9 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s e rv ic e s ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 2 4 16 .7 1.6 8.6 12.7 3.3 100.3 2 26 15 .1 9.7 72.6 4.5 89.8 1,264.7 1 167 9 .1 58.0 15.4 2.5 214.3 46.6 22 27 2.3 .8 29.8 40.5 17 14 14.4 15.8 94.3 451.4 17 15 25.3 3.7 50.9 151.6 1 37 17 (3 ) 3.1 1.0 91.5 84.8 1 11 28 (3) 9.7 54.5 .3 194.1 689.9 1 12 44 (3 ) 1.1 6.2 2.1 95.7 26.2 Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipment ....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S ervices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ * 2 4 (3) 6.6 - See footnotes at end of table. 27 - - Table 12. C o n tin ued -W o rk stoppages by industry group and major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Other contractual matters Hours of work Wage adjustments Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) All industries........................................ 1 52 42.9 2,361.1 9 0.9 14.0 204 35.1 875.7 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 29 4.6 47.1 5 .6 13.0 91 17.6 504.9 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ........................................... _ 2 2 _ .1 .3 _ .8 .5 _ 1 - _ .2 - 3.0 - 11 2 4 1.8 .3 .1 91.3 6.2 4.5 Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... 1 2 1 1 .3 .1 .8 2.5 .8 .1 1 - - 3 2 1 1 4 .6 .1 - 1.1 - .3 .1 66.2 1.6 .3 .6 1.4 - - - - 2 .1 15.4 3.5 3.6 17.5 _ 1 2 _ - _ .4 .3 8.6 1 5 6 .4 .8 .2 31.9 12.4 _ - _ - 23 12 2.2 1.6 113.3 62.6 2.1 7.1 - Petroleum refining and related industries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts ................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... (3 ) (3 ) - - 2 5 4 7 .6 .8 (3 ) (3) (3) (3) Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 1 3 .1 .1 6.5 8.0 _ - 5 - 1.5 - 2.3 - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 6 8 - - 22.2 74.6 .3 Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 23 38.2 2,314.0 4 .3 1.1 113 17.5 370.8 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 1 7 - .1 2.2 - .4 4.6 - _ - _ - _ - _ 15 8 4.0 6.4 85.8 140.7 2 6 .8 .3 15.2 3.9 2 1 .1 .1 .5 .3 14 33 1.0 1.4 14.3 51.2 Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S e rvices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ 1 3 3 .1 34.0 .7 2.6 2,286.0 1.4 - _ _ - - - .1 .2 4 12 27 .2 .6 4.0 5.3 47.5 26.1 See footnotes at end of table. 28 1 Table 12. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and major issue, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Issue not reported Interunion or intraunion matters Other working conditions Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) All industries........................................ 1 55 14.4 99.2 65 23.9 79.0 30 3.0 47.6 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 21 7.0 51.3 6 3.0 4.9 13 .8 27.4 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, e tc .1 ........................................... 23 _ 1 - _ .8 - _ 5.7 - _ 1 - _ .3 - .3 - _ 1 3 3 - .1 5.2 15.8 Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fix tu re s............................... Paper and allied p ro d u c ts ....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ............... 1 - .2 - .7 - 1 - - 1 - - “ “ 1 .7 - - 4 .7 17.4 15.0 1 5 (3 ) 1.3 1.7 5.4 _ 2 8 - 5.5 - 1 1 - 2.5 .9 - Petroleum refining and related indu stries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation e q uipm e nt....................... Instruments, e tc .5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. (3 ) - (3) (3) .2 .1 (3) - .1 - “ - ' “ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 (3 ) _ _ .6 1.2 3 1 (3 ) - .4 .4 4.8 1.1 - - 3.2 - - - 1.2 .9 - - - - - Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 34 7.4 47.9 59 20.8 74.1 17 2.2 20.2 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........ ................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 1 4 3 1.2 1.4 1.0 3.6 3.4 13.3 _ 42 8 _ 15.9 .9 44.5 3.8 _ 6 _ 1.7 _ 9.7 2 10 .6 1.3 2.1 3.7 2 3 .1 .2 .2 .5 1 7 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ...... S ervices..................................................... Governm ent6 ............................................ 10 4 _ _ .9 1.0 _ 1 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in 2 or more groups are counted in each. Workers involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 2 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials. 3 Fewer than 50. _ 5.8 16.1 1 3 , _ .3 3.5 _ .8 24.3 - - (3 ) .2 _ _ 3 - .3 - (3 ) 3.3 _ 7.2 - 4 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. 5 Incrudes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks. 6 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 29 Table 13. Work stoppages by major issue and size, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Major issue Total 6 and under 20 workers 20 and under 100 workers 100 and under 250 workers 250 and under 500 workers 500 and under 1,000 workers 1,000 and under 5,000 workers 5.000 and under 10.000 workers 10,000 workers or more Stoppages beginning in year All issues ................................................ 3,885 507 1,572 893 451 275 156 17 14 General wage changes ........................... Supplementary b e n e fits........................... Wage adjustments ................................... Hours of w o rk ........................................... Other contractual m a tte rs ....................... Union organization and se cu rity............. Job security............................................... Plant administration.................................. Other working conditions ........................ Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ............. Not reported.............................................. 2,601 79 52 9 204 205 202 383 55 65 30 307 5 7 2 55 56 20 30 5 6 14 1,095 35 18 2 83 100 60 132 18 20 9 616 21 14 5 35 28 48 90 15 18 3 296 11 6 17 6 32 63 9 9 2 160 4 5 110 3 4 7 12 11 3 6 11 1 4 1 6 1 5 2 - 10 8 21 54 5 6 2 - - - - - - W orkers involved All issues ................................................ 1,366.3 6.3 80.5 141.0 157.9 185.4 295.5 113.2 386.6 General wage changes ....................... Supplementary b e nefits........................... Wage adjustments ................................... Hours of w o rk ........................................... Other contractual m a tte rs ....................... Union organization and secu rity............. Job secu rity............................................... Plant administration.................................. Other working conditions ........................ Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs............. Not reported.............................................. 852.6 15.4 42.9 .9 35.1 34.9 201.5 141.8 14.4 23.9 3.0 4.0 .1 .1 .6 .7 .2 .4 .1 .1 .2 57.2 1.6 .9 .1 3.9 4.3 2.9 7.4 .9 .8 .4 96.2 3.5 2.3 .8 5.5 4.2 7.8 15.0 2.4 2.8 .6 103.1 4.0 2.0 5.8 2.0 10.5 23.6 3.2 3.0 .6 108.1 3.0 3.6 7.3 5.6 13.7 35.1 3.7 4.0 1.3 205.1 3.3 12.0 18.1 20.0 19.7 4.1 13.1 - 72.6 9.0 24.2 7.4 206.3 25.0 122.0 33.3 0 - - - - - - Days idle during year (all stoppages) All issues ................................................ 33,288.5 178.9 2,193.1 3,171.0 3,441.0 3,460.5 5,643.3 2,944.3 12,256.3 General wage changes ........................... Supplementary b e nefits........................... Wage adjustments ................................... Hours of w o rk ........................................... Other contractual m a tte rs ....................... Union organization and secu rity............. Job secu rity............................................... Plant administration.................................. Other working conditions ........................ Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ............. Not reported.............................................. 22,020.2 294.4 2,361.1 14.0 875.7 672.6 3,497.6 3,327.1 99.2 79.0 47.6 117.2 2.5 .9 1.3 14.3 21.4 10.1 5.2 .5 .6 5.0 1,535.6 39.8 21.3 .5 125.0 224.3 103.7 107.2 7.9 4.0 23.8 2,389.0 89.3 22.9 12.2 212.6 99.0 169.8 142.9 22.9 4.0 6.4 2,639.2 107.4 11.7 2,818.4 40.9 18.2 4,711.1 14.5 1,493.9 6,315.8 1 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal - 205.1 124.5 240.7 87.1 10.5 5.5 9.3 - 93.7 30.0 272.8 131.0 46.0 6.3 3.2 - 224.9 173.5 365.1 84.1 11.4 58.7 - totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 30 - - 936.0 _ 398.9 115.6 - 1,350.0 1,936.4 2,654.1 - - - Table 14. Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Percent of estimated total working time 2 Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Workers involved Number All industries ................................................................... 3 3,885 27.2 1,366.3 33,288.5 0.14 M anufacturing.................................................................... 3 1,809 39.7 453.3 17,153.6 .34 Ordnance and accessories ................................................ Guns, howitzers, mortars, and related equipment .................................................................... Ammunition, except for small a rm s ................................ Tanks, and tank com ponents.......................................... Sighting and fire control equipment ............................... Small a rm s ......................................................................... Small arms am m unition.................................................... Ordnance and accessories not elsewhere classified....................................................................... - - -■ - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 155 38 21 23.1 36.1 14.1 32.8 6.2 2.6 810.3 312.7 26.1 11 13 18 6 1 36 34.9 18.4 22.8 19.0 24.0 18.2 2.3 3.2 2.8 6.9 .2 7.2 63.2 51.6 102.5 95.0 3.6 113.9 11 20.6 1.4 41.7 _ _ _ _ - - - - 33 3 24.8 38.2 5.5 .5 165.1 77.7 3 13.7 1.0 9.4 3 16.5 .6 7.3 1 5 27.0 44.2 .2 .4 4.0 11.8 5 2 5 6 7.7 12.4 71.4 17.2 .7 1.0 .7 .4 4.1 9.4 33.7 7.8 37 14.9 2.8 61.6 3 14.0 .3 3.7 4 15 10.2 10.3 .6 1.0 4.5 22.2 4 33.5 .2 .3 .4 5.2 3.5 .1 8.3 14.2 9.8 .1 3.7 419.5 2.6 172.5 Food and kindred p ro d u cts................................................ Meat products ................................................................... Dairy products ................................................................... Canned and preserved fruits, vegetables, and sea food s............................................................... Grain mill products............................................................ Bakery products ................................................................ Sugar .................................................................................. Confectionery and related p ro d u cts............................... Beverages.......................................................................... Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products........................................................................ Tobacco manufactures ....................................................... C igarettes........................................................................... Cigars ................................................................................. Tobacco (chewing and smoking) and s n u ff.................. Tobacco stemming and redrying .................................... Textile mill p ro d u c ts ............................................................ Broadwoven fabric mills, c o tto n ...................................... Broadwoven fabric mills, man-made fiber and s ilk ......................................................................... Broadwoven fabric mills, wool including dyeing and fin is h in g .................................................... Narrow fabrics and other smallwares mills: cotton, wool, silk, and man-made fib e r.................... Knitting mills ...................................................................... Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool fabrics and knit g o o d s ................................................ Floor covering mills .......................................................... Yarn and thread m ills ....................................................... Miscellaneous textile goods ............................................ Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and similar m aterials......................................... Men’s, youths’, and boys’ suits, coats, and overcoats...................................................................... Men's, youths’, and boys’ furnishings, work clothing, and allied garments .................................... Women’s, misses’, and juniors’ outerw ear.................... Women’s, misses’, children’s, and infants’ undergarm ents............................................................. Hats, caps, and m illinery.................................................. Girls’, children’s, and infants’ outerwear ....................... Fur g o o d s ........................................................................... Miscellaneous apparel and accessories........................ Miscellaneous fabricated textile products ..................... Lumber and wood products, except furniture.................. Logging camps and logging contractors........................ Sawmills and planing m ills ............................................... - . ’ - 3 1 7 16.7 5.0 23.6 70 2 19 46.6 49.6 54.6 See footnotes at end of table. . 31 O .19 .08 .02 .27 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Millwork, veneer, plywood, and prefabricated structural wood products.................... Wooden containers........................................................... Miscellaneous wood p roducts......................................... Workers involved Number .4 220.6 .6 23.2 28.2 27.6 35.8 39.0 15.2 10.4 1.1 .5 310.0 207.8 28.2 13.5 12 3 27.3 12.8 2.9 .3 56.8 3.7 68 1 16 4 43.4 22.0 59.8 21.4 18.4 .6 9.6 .8 634.3 9.7 437.9 36.9 22 23 2 24.8 20.4 76.8 4.3 3.1 .1 98.6 44.4 6.7 Printing, publishing, and allied industries.......................... Newspapers: publishing and printing ............................. Periodicals: publishing and p rin tin g ................................ Books ................................................................................. Miscellaneous publishing ................................................. Commercial p rin ting.......................................................... Manifold business fo rm s .................................................. Greeting card publishing.................................................. Blankbooks, loose leaf binders and bookbinding w o rk ........................................................ Service industries for the printing tra d e ......................... 33 10 3 1 16 1 18.0 15.0 8.0 5.0 .8 .2 1.7 131.9 64.9 6.2 5.4 38.8 .5 1 1 74.0 85.0 Chemicals and allied industries......................................... Industrial inorganic and organic c he m icals................... Plastics materials and synthetic resins, synthetic rubber, and other man-made fibers, except g la s s ..................................................... D ru g s .................................................................................. Soap, detergents and cleaning preparations, perfumes, cosmetics, and other toilet preparations............................................. Paints, varnishes, lacquers, enamels, and allied p ro d u c ts ............................................................. Gum and wood che m icals............................................... Agricultural chemicals ...................................................... Miscellaneous chemical products................................... 89 31 50.3 39.4 10.7 3.9 469.3 128.0 11 10 37.5 107.5 1.1 1.1 67.9 84.0 5 62.2 1.0 44.7 9 11 2 10 16.0 51.6 62.9 24.7 .5 2.4 .3 .4 8.4 107.8 14.0 14.4 Petroleum refining and related industries......................... Petroleum re fining............................................................. Paving and roofing m aterials........................................... Miscellaneous products of petroleum and coal ...... ......................................................................... 19 2 11 82.1 82.2 86.0 64.8 63.2 .9 3,763.5 3,670.4 56.1 6 62.1 .7 37.0 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics p ro d u cts .................. Tires and inner tubes ....................................................... Rubber fo o tw e a r............................................................... Reclaimed ru bber.............................................................. Fabricated rubber products not elsewhere classified....................................................................... Miscellaneous plastics p ro d u c ts..................................... 61 3 1 1 30.9 9.0 21.0 4.0 8.6 .6 .6 .1 241.9 5.3 9.1 .4 16 40 39.5 32.1 2.1 5.1 91.2 135.9 Leather and leather products............................................. Leather tanning and finishin g.......................................... Industrial leather belting and p a c k in g ............................ Boot and shoe cut stock and fin d in g s ........................... Footwear, except ru b b e r.................................................. 7 1 1 2 17.7 14.0 3.0 24.9 3.1 .8 .1 1.0 41.8 8.0 3.1 18.3 Percent of estimated total working time 2 38 1 10 40.8 8.0 56.4 Furniture and fix tu re s .......................................................... Household furniture .......................................................... Office furniture......... .......................................................... Public buildings and related fu rn itu re ............................. Partitions, shelving, lockers, and office and store fix tu re s ........................................................ Miscellaneous furniture and fix tu re s............... ............... 60 38 6 1 Paper and allied products .................................................. Pulp m ills ............................................................................ Paper mills, except building paper mills ........................ Paperboard m ills ............................................................... Converted paper and paperboard products, except containers and boxes .................................... Paperboard containers and bo x e s .................................. Building paper and building board m ills ......................... - 11.3 34.0 30.7 - - .3 2.0 See footnotes at end of table. 5.6 (4) 32 0.23 .36 .04 14.9 1.1 O 0 .17 7.28 .14 .07 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Workers involved Number Leather gloves and m itte n s............................................. Luggage ............................................................................. Handbags and other personal leather goods ............... Leather goods not elsewhere c lassified........................ _ 2 1 15.2 19.0 _ 1.1 .1 _ 11.3 1.1 Stone, clay, and glass p ro d u c ts........................................ Flat glass ........................................................................... Glass and glassware, pressed or blo w n ........................ Glass products, made from purchased g la s s ............... Cement, hydraulic............................................................. Structural clay products ................................................... Pottery and related products........................................... Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products....................... Cut stone and stone products ........................................ Abrasives, asbestos, and miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral products..................................... 118 6 8 8 1 9 10 59 2 31.5 54.8 32.7 69.3 15.0 18.1 20.9 22.5 28.3 15.0 1.2 2.7 1.0 .1 1.1 1.8 4.2 .2 359.1 46.6 61.0 48.6 1.0 14.1 39.2 71.2 3.5 15 33.0 2.7 73.9 Primary metal industries ..................................................... Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling and finishing m ills ........................................................ Iron and steel foundries................................................... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous m e ta ls ........................................................................... Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous m e ta ls ....................................................... Rolling, drawing, and extruding of nonferrous m e ta ls ....................................................... Nonferrous foundries........................................................ Miscellaneous primary metal products........................... 175 43.4 41.9 1,746.6 49 46 21.7 35.0 12.9 10.3 337.6 371.9 4 99.0 8.4 580.4 11 18.3 .8 10.5 30 24 11 22.9 33.3 31.7 5.1 3.2 1.3 99.6 318.3 28.3 280 8 19 33.9 15.8 57.4 48.9 1.5 3.9 1,400.3 23.6 165.3 6 138 20.1 38.3 .9 18.6 12.7 563.3 6 41 18 2 42 15.2 29.9 40.1 64.5 22.1 .7 14.5 .9 .6 7.3 13.7 358.9 26.5 46.1 190.2 280 29 4 34.8 23.9 7.3 62.2 8.1 2.5 2,759.1 130.3 789.9 51 55 47.1 44.8 10.4 8.5 452.2 278.2 48 40 8 23 22 48.3 31.6 52.1 18.6 26.9 7.9 9.8 2.7 7.1 5.4 536.0 261.8 94.0 99.6 117.1 140 21.4 45.2 753.4 19 39 16 23 21.5 11.9 15.9 22.7 6.8 12.1 5.8 5.5 105.8 128.3 88.0 102.4 3 11 6 20.2 15.6 5.2 .5 3.6 2.6 11.2 39.2 11.9 Percent of estimated total working time 2 Fabricated metal products, except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipm e nt.................. Metal cans ......................................................................... Cutlery, handtools, and general hardw are..................... Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbing fix tu re s ......................................................... Fabricated structural metal products.............................. Screw machine products, bolts, nuts, screws, and riv e ts ....................................................... Metal stam pings................................................................ Coating, engraving, and allied s e rv ic e s......................... Miscellaneous fabricated wire products......................... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products ...................... Machinery, except electrical............................................... Engines and turbines........................................................ Farm machinery and equipm e nt..................................... Construction, mining, and materials handling machinery and equipm ent.......................... Metalworking machinery and e q uipm e nt....................... Special industry machinery, except metalworking machinery............................................. General industrial machinery and equipm ent................ Office, computing, and accounting m a chines............... Service industry m achines............................................... Miscellaneous machinery, except e le c tric a l.................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ........................................................................... Electric transmission and distribution equipment .................................................................... Electrical industrial ap p a ra tu s......................................... Household appliances...................................................... Electric lighting and wiring equipment ........................... Radio and television receiving sets, except communication ty p e s .................................................. Communication e q uipm e nt.............................................. Electronic components and accessories....................... See footnotes at end of table. 33 0.22 .60 .37 .44 .14 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Percent of estimated total working time 2 Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Workers involved Number Miscellaneous electrical machinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s............................................ 23 45.6 8.3 266.6 Transportation equipm ent................................................... Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipm ent............... Aircraft and p a rts .............................................................. Ship and boatbuilding and repairing............................... Railroad equipm ent........................................................... Motorcycles, bicycles, and p a rts ..................................... Miscellaneous transportation eq uipm e nt....................... 114 67 17 10 6 1 13 26.1 28.3 25.5 24.1 8.6 41.1 48.6 24.5 4.4 12.9 3.9 1.5 1.4 2,679.2 1,675.5 92.9 648.1 101.6 68.1 93.0 0.58 29 49.5 6.0 202.1 .13 5 21.7 .4 6.6 12 - 68.8 - 4.0 - 181.8 - 5 2 5 14.1 3.8 21.6 .9 .4 .2 9.4 1.5 2.9 Professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and c lo c k s .......................................... Engineering, laboratory, and scientific and research instruments and associated equipment .................................................................... Instruments for measuring, controlling, and indicating physical characteristics .................................. Optical instruments and lenses....................................... Surgical, medical, and dental instruments and supplies................................................................. Ophthalmic g o o d s ............................................................. Photographic equipment and sup plies........................... Watches, clocks, clockwork operated devices and p a rts ...................................................................... - - - - Miscellaneous manufacturing industries........................... Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware ............................. Musical instrum ents........................................................ Toys, amusement, sporting and athletic goods ............................................................................ Pens, pencils, and other office and artists’ m a terials.......................................................... Costume jewelry, costume novelties, buttons, and miscellaneous notions, * except precious metals .............................................. Miscellaneous manufacturing indu stries........................ 42 3 3 49.5 108.7 33.9 5.8 .4 .9 204.6 28.1 22.0 12 60.3 1.6 67.2 3 64.5 .4 18.8 1 20 31.0 37.1 0 2.5 .5 68.0 Nonm anufacturing............................................................. 3 2,080 21.1 913.0 16,134.9 .09 Agriculture, forestry, and fishe ries..................................... Agricultural production...................................................... Agricultural services and hunting and tra pping......................................................................... Forestry .............................................................................. Fisheries............................................................................. 19 12 12.0 10.2 7.9 6.3 107.6 85.2 .03 7 - 19.2 - 1.6 - 22.4 - M inin g.................................................................................... Metal mining ...................................................................... Iron o r e s .......................................................................... Copper o r e s .................................................................... Lead and zinc o r e s ........................................................ Gold and silver ores ...................................................... Bauxite and aluminum o r e s .......................................... Ferroalloy ores except vanadium ................................. Metal mining s ervice s.................................................... Miscellaneous metal ores ............................................. Anthracite m in in g .............................................................. Bituminous coal and lig n ite .............................................. Crude petroleum and natural g a s ................................... Crude petroleum and natural g a s ................................ Natural gas liquids ......................................................... Oil and gas field services ............................................. Mining and quarrying of nonmetallic minerals, except fu e ls ................................................. Dimension stone ............................................................ 297 6 3 1 1 1 267 1 1 23.2 105.7 103.4 8.0 239.0 38.0 4.8 28.0 28.0 116.6 20.8 19.9 .1 .5 .2 94.0 .1 .1 1,952.0 1,515.3 1,420.5 .6 88.3 5.9 406.8 1.2 1.2 23 “ 19.3 1.8 “ 28.7 “ See footnotes at end of table. 34 .20 .73 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Percent of estimated total working time 2 Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Crushed and broken stone, including riprap ......................................................... Sand and g ra v e l............................................................. Clay, ceramic, and refractory m inerals........................ Chemical and fertilizer mineral mining ........................ Nonmetallic minerals (except fuels) services...................................................................... Miscellaneous nonmetallic minerals, except fu e ls ............................................................... Contract construction.......................................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services..................................................... Railroad transportation..................................................... Railroads ......................................................................... Sleeping car and other passenger car service ....................................................................... Railway express s e rvice ................................................ Local and suburban transit and interurban highway passenger transportation............................ Local and suburban passenger transportation............................................................ T a xic a b s .......................................................................... Intercity and rural highway passenger transportation............................................................ Passenger transportation charter s e rv ic e ................... School buses .................................................................. Terminal and service facilities for motor vehicle passenger transportation........................... Motor freight transportation and w arehousing................................................................. Trucking, local and long d is ta n c e ................................ Public w arehousing........................................................ Terminal and joint terminal maintenance facilities for motor freight transportation............................................................ Water transportation......................................................... Deep sea foreign transportation .................................. Deep sea domestic transportation............................... Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway transportation............................................................ Transportation on rivers and ca n a ls............................ Local water transportation............................................ Services incidental to water transportation............................................................ Transportation by a i r ........................................................ Air transportation, certificated ca rrie rs ....................................................................... Air transportation, noncertificated ca rrie rs....................................................................... Fixed facilities and services related to air transportation ...................................................... Pipe line transportation .................................................... Transportation services.................................................... Freight forw ardin g.......................................................... Arrangement of transportation ..................................... Stock y a rd s ..................................................................... Rental of railroad c a rs ................................................... Miscellaneous services incidental to transportation............................................................ Communication.................................................................. Telephone communication (wire or ra d io ).................. Telegraph communication (wire or radio) ................... Radio broadcasting and television............................... Communication services, not’ elsewhere classified.................................................................... Electric, gas, and sanitary s ervice s................................ 21.4 29.0 14.1 1.0 13 5 3 1 0.9 .3 .5 .1 _ Number 12.6 9.6 4.8 .1 _ 1.5 1 - 287 20.2 320.4 4,752.5 0.43 243 5 5 16.0 2.0 2.0 95.7 29.1 29.1 1,740.7 69.9 69.9 .14 O _ _ - - - - 37 12.9 7.1 79.0 15 9 6.6 33.7 4.7 1.5 29.2 39.7 6 2 5 9.0 21.5 9.3 -3 .3 .3 3.0 4.8 2.3 _ x _ _ 110 84 26 24.7 20.8 28.0 16.3 7.5 8.8 313.0 129.6 183.4 8 25.4 2.0 35.5 - - - - - - - - 1 1 3 73.0 19.0 19.1 .1 .3 .1 6.8 4.2 .8 3 9 22.6 18.7 1.5 14.5 23.7 193.0 7 18.7 14.3 191.3 2 2 6 3 1 1 16.8 40.3 18.3 7.2 2.0 21.0 .1 .1 1.2 .2 .8 1.7 2.0 23.7 .9 .1 11.9 10.9 89.1 69.4 .5 15.4 3.8 935.5 O 1 22 11 1 5 60.7 .2 7.5 6.8 .1 .4 5 44 21.8 35.9 .2 18.0 8.4 5.0 - See footnotes at end of table. Workers involved 35 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Percent of estimated total working time 2 Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Number Workers involved Electric companies and systems ................................. Gas companies and s y s te m s ....................................... Combination companies and system s......................... Water s up ply................................................................... Sanitary se rv ic e s............................................................ Steam s u p p ly .................................................................. Irrigation sys te m s........................................................... 11 8 6 5 14 - 56.7 84.2 7.4 14.7 13.1 - 4.4 2.4 10.3 .3 .4 “ 183.3 189.2 551.9 4.9 6.2 - Wholesale and retail trade ................................................. Wholesale tra d e ................................................................ Motor vehicle and automotive equipm ent................... Drugs, chemicals, and allied products ........................ Piece goods, notions, a p p a re l...................................... Groceries and related products ................................... Farm products-raw m aterials........................................ Electrical g o o d s .............................................................. Hardware, and plumbing and heating equipment and supplies .......................................... Machinery, equipment, and supplies ........................... Miscellaneous wholesalers ........................................... Retail trade ........................................................................ Building materials, hardware, and farm equipment d e alers.................................................... Lumber and other building material dealers .................................................................... Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning equipment d e a le rs................................................. Paint, glass, and wallpaper s to re s ............................ Electrical supply s to re s ............................................... Hardware and farm equipment d e a le rs.................... General merchandise stores ........................................ Department sto re s....................................................... Mail order houses........................................................ Variety s to re s ............................................................... Merchandising machine op erators............................ Direct selling establishm ents..................................... Miscellaneous general merchandise stores ...................................................................... Food s to re s ..................................................................... Grocery s to re s ............................................................. Meat and fish (seafood) m a rk e ts.............................. Fruit stores and vegetable m a rk e ts .......................... Candy, nuts, and confectionery s to re s ..................... Dairy products s to re s .................................................. Retail ba keries............................................................. Miscellaneous food stores ......................................... Automotive dealers and gasoline service stations ...................................................................... Motor vehicle dealers (new and used cars) ........................................................................ Motor vehicle dealers (used cars o n ly ).................... Tire, battery, and accessory dealers ........................ Gasoline service s ta tio n s ........................................... Miscellaneous aircraft, marine, and automotive d e a le rs ................................................ Apparel and accessory s to re s ...................................... Men’s and boys’ clothing and furnishings stores .................................................. Women’s ready-to-wear s to re s.................................. Women’s accessory and specialty s to re s ................ Children’s and infants’ wear stores .......................... Family clothing s to re s ................................................. Shoe s to re s .................................................................. Custom ta ilo rs .............................................................. Furrier and fur s h o p s .................................................. Miscellaneous apparel and accessory stores ...................................................................... 411 252 24 10 14 45 4 18 25.1 22.8 25.5 42.0 21.0 17.1 31.2 14.8 61.1 21.5 2.1 .6 .6 6.0 .2 1.7 1,402.7 528.8 145.9 22.0 16.7 99.8 4.0 18.6 9 36 92 159 34.7 41.0 18.1 26.3 .7 3.0 6.6 39.6 21.5 107.9 92.4 873.9 19 14.6 2.0 49.8 17 14.2 2.0 44.6 2 12 7 26.3 - .1 2.2 1.8 .3 .1 - 1.2 4.0 40.9 29.6 7.5 3.8 - - 23.5 22.5 - - 3 2 - 22.1 39.7 - _ _ _ 27.3 27.4 8.0 2.0 29.4 29.4 0 0 (4) 586.2 585.3 .7 .1 48 28.4 2.5 76.2 36 31.3 1.5 38.5 .9 .1 36.6 .8 .5 .3 10.2 .5 10.2 - - 8 2 2 2 21.2 26.9 2 - 20.0 14.0 26.9 O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - See footnotes at end of table. _ 35 32 1 1 1 36 .. ■ 0.03 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Percent of estimated total working time 2 Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Furniture, home furnishings, and equipment s to re s ...................................................... Furniture, home furnishings, and equipment stores, except appliances ................. Household appliance stores ...................................... Radio, television, and music s to re s .......................... Eating and drinking places ........................................... Miscellaneous retail stores ........................................... Drug stores and proprietary s to re s ........................... Liquor s to re s ................................................................ Antique stores and secondhand stores ................... Book and stationery s to re s ........................................ Sporting goods stores and bicycle shops ....................................................................... Farm and garden supply stores ................................ Jewelry s to re s .............................................................. Fuel and ice d e a le rs ................................................... Retail stores, not elsewhere cla ssified................................................................. Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te .................................. Banking .............................................................................. Federal reserve ba nks................................................... Commercial and stock savings ba nks......................... Mutual savings b a n k s .................................................... Trust companies not engaged in deposit banking ...................................................................... Establishments performing functions closely related to b a n k in g ....................................... Credit agencies other than banks .................................. Rediscount and financing institutions for credit agencies other than banks .......................... Savings and loan associations..................................... Agricultural credit institutions........................................ Peronal credit institutions.............................................. Business credit institutions ........................................... Loan correspondents and brokers............................... Security and commodity brokers, dealers, exchanges, and services ........................................... Security brokers dealers, and flotation com panies................................................................. Commodity contracts brokers and de alers................. Security and commodity exchanges............................ Services allied with the exchange of securities or commodities ....................................... Insurance carriers ............................................................. Life insurance ................................................................. Accident and health insurance..................................... Fire, marine and casualty insurance............................ Surety insurance............................................................. Title insurance ................................................................ Insurance carriers, not elsewhere classified.................................................................... Insurance agents, brokers, and service......................... Real estate ........................................................................ Real estate operators (except developers) and lessors................................................................ Agents, brokers, and m anagers................................... Title abstract com panies............................................... Subdividers and developers ......................................... Operative b u ild ers.......................................................... Combinations of real estate, insurance, loans, law o ffic e s ........................................................ Holding and other investment com panies..................... Holding companies ........................................................ Investment companies .................................................. T ru s ts ............................................................................... Miscellaneous investing institutions............................. Number 0.5 6.1 .5 5.6 .5 6 16.0 5 1 14 23 8 2 16.1 15.0 30.5 21.6 20.8 22.2 _ _ _ _ 3 9 16.4 13.9 .1 .2 .8 1.7 1 121.0 25 - 46.3 - _ _ 2 0 .9 1.5 1.2 0 2.2 - _ _ 18.3 ' _ 18.3 T T - _ 54.7 - _ _ .4 0 _ 2 - 28.6 76.0 71.5 .3 1.6 O _ _ - _ - .4 - _ _ 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 5 3 2 - 49.3 49.3 - 1.3 .2 1.1 - 24.6 6.5 18.1 - - - - - 2 12 41.7 80.8 .2 .2 4.6 13.3 2 7 .1 .6 9.2 3 44.7 107.6 57.5 - - O - - .1 3.5 - - - 4 4 - 34.4 34.4 - .5 .5 11.9 11.9 - - - - - - - - - - See footnotes at end of table. Workers involved 37 (5 ) ■ * Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Percent of estimated total working time 2 Industry Mean duration (days) 1 Number Services ................................................................................ Hotels, rooming houses, camps, and other lodging places ............................................................. Hotels, tourist courts, and m o te ls ................................ Rooming and boarding h o u s e s .................................... Trailer parks and camps ............................................... Organization hotels and lodging houses, on membership b a s is ............................................... Personal services.............................................................. Laundries, laundry services, and cleaning and dyeing p la n ts ........... .......................................... Photographic studios, including commercial photography......................................... Beauty s h o p s .................................................................. Barber shops .................................................................. Shoe repair shops, shoe shine parlors, and hat cleaning s h o p s ........................................... Funeral services and crem atories................................ Garment pressing, alteration, and re p a ir.................... Miscellaneous personal services ................................. Miscellaneous business s ervice s.................................... Advertising....................................................................... Consumer credit reporting agencies, mercantile reporting agencies, and adjustment and collection agencies ...................... Duplicating, addressing, blueprinting, photocopying, mailing, mailing list, and stenographic s e rv ic e s ...................................... Services to dwellings and other b u ild ings.................. News syndicates ............................................................ Private employment agencies ...................................... Business services, not elsewhere classified.................................................................... Automobile repair, automobile services and garages......................................................................... Automobile rentals, without drive rs.............................. Automobile p a rk in g ........................................................ Automobile repair shops ............................................... Automobile services, except re pair.............................. Miscellaneous repair s e rv ic e s ......................................... Electrical repair s h o p s ................................................... Watch, clock, and jewelry re p a ir.................................. Reupholstery and furniture repair ................................ Miscellaneous repair shops and related services...................................................................... Motion pictu res.................................................................. Amusement and recreation services, except motion p ictu res............................................................ Medical and other health services ................................. Legal services ................................................................... Educational services......................................................... Museums, art galleries, botanical and zoological g a rden s...................................................... Nonprofit membership organizations.............................. Private households ........................................................... Miscellaneous services .................................................... Number 262 47.6 85.6 3,776.8 21 19 2 “ 24.5 24.2 48.0 16.1 15.9 .3 293.6 267.3 26.3 6 58.9 .3 32.0 5 49.7 .2 27.3 - - " " — _ 1 52 7 85.0 66.9 20.6 .1 7.3 .3 " 4.7 411.1 4.2 4 6 2 15.0 19.7 54.2 .2 .6 .3 2.6 19.5 10.8 33 75.2 5.9 373.9 9 1 8 7 1 “ 120.5 33.0 126.0 6.7 11.0 “ .8 - 67.6 1.2 66.3 3.2 .2 - 6 3 6.5 75.0 .6 34.0 3.0 2,286.5 13 99 26 31.2 28.0 16.1 2.0 19.8 2.9 46.6 565.1 5.3 32.8 18 23.3 25.6 1.3 2.5 21.3 9.1 - 8 See footnotes at end of table. Workers involved 38 (4) .7 .6 O - .3 0.09 Table 14. Continued—Work stoppages by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Industry Mean duration (days) ’ Number G overnm ent6 ....................................................................... Federal ............................................................................... State ................................................................................... C o u n ty ................................................................................ C ity ...................................................................................... Special d is tric t................................................................... 13.9 10.0 14.4 13.4 13.1 16.8 536 1 45 64 236 193 1 Mean duration includes only stoppages ending in the year. It is calculated by multiplying the duration of each stoppage by the number of workers involved, summing the results, and dividing by the total number of workers involved. 2 See footnote 3, table 1. 3 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in each. Workers 39 Workers involved Number 223.6 .9 10.0 16.2 146.8 49.7 2,347.8 7.2 99.7 161.8 1,419.9 659.2 Percent of estimated total working time 2 .06 involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 4 Fewer than 50. 5 Less than 0.005 percent. 6 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equai totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Tab!© 15. Work stoppages by industry group and occupation, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Clerical Professional and technical Total Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved 33,288.5 324 164.8 453.3 17,153.6 4 33 37 _ 32.8 5.5 2.8 _ 810.3 165.1 61.6 - 70 60 68 33 89 9.8 15.2 18.4 8.0 10.7 419.5 310.0 634.3 131.9 469.3 2 1 19 64.8 3,763.5 61 7 118 175 8.6 3.1 15.0 41.9 241.9 41.8 359.1 1,746.6 Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation eq uipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 280 280 48.9 62.2 1,400.3 2,759.1 _ 140 114 29 42 45.2 48.6 6.0 5.8 753.4 2,679.2 202.1 204.6 1 Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 2,080 913.0 16,134.9 320 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 19 297 287 7.9 116.6 320.4 107.6 1,952.0 4,752.5 _ - 243 411 95.7 61.1 1,740.7 1,402.7 7 1 2.3 .1 29.0 .4 Finance, insurance, and real estate ...... S e rvices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ........................... ................. 25 262 536 2.2 85.6 223.6 54.7 3,776.8 2,347.8 55 257 Number Workers involved All industries........................................ 1 3,885 1,366.3 Manufacturing ........................................ 1 1,809 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ........................................... _ 155 Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... Petroleum refining and related indu stries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... - See footnotes at end of table. 40 Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved 3,943.8 27 3.8 55.1 1.8 23.3 2 .1 2.2 _ - _ - _ 1 _ - _ 1.3 1.7 .1 19.2 3.7 - - - - (3 ) - - - - - “ * - - ” - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ 1 “ , _ - _ _ .9 (3) .4 - - - - - - 3,920.5 25 3.8 52.9 _ _ _ _ _ ~ “ - - ” 5 1 1.2 (3) 15.9 .5 2 7 10 1.0 .6 .9 15.6 8.3 12.6 f) 163.0 _ 47.5 113.2 _ 2,539.3 1,351.7 ~ Table 15. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and occupation, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Sales Industry group Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Days idle during year (all stoppages) 22,743.1 66 13.6 102.9 422.9 13,703.1 - - - _ 132 32 36 _ 28.2 5.5 2.7 _ 727.6 164.9 60.4 _ - _ - - - 70 59 68 27 85 9.8 14.3 18.4 3.6 9.8 419.5 299.0 631.8 79.0 421.3 - - - ~ “ 18 64.7 3,757.8 “ “ - - - 60 7 116 167 8.6 3.1 14.4 39.9 241.6 41.8 327.2 1,537.2 - - - _ _ _ 276 271 41.2 57.6 1,240.9 1,517.1 _ _ _ “ All industries........................................ 1 34 19.5 Manufacturing ........................................ 13 Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ........................................... Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... Number Workers involved 551.2 3,076 994.7 .2 2.5 1,734 _ 3 - _ .2 - _ 2.5 - - - - - - 138 108 27 38 44.2 47.4 4.0 5.6 1,241.3 73.0 199.8 Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 31 19.3 548.7 1,344 571.8 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... “ _ - _ - 18 296 286 24 18.5 537.4 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ...... S ervices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ 4 3 “ .3 .5 “ 6.0 5.3 - See footnotes at end of table. Stoppages beginning in year Workers involved Workers involved Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipment ....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Number Number Petroleum refining and related industries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... Protective Production and maintenance 41 - - “ - - - - - - - 9,040.0 66 13.6 102.9 7.8 116.6 320.0 107.1 1,951.5 4,751.1 _ - _ - _ - - - - 176 322 41.2 28.7 681.0 587.4 2 - 12 96 138 .5 9.7 47.2 20.4 483.1 458.2 4 60 - 2 2 .1 - _ 1.0 - 0 _ .2 13.4 _ 3.9 98.0 Table 15. C ontinued-W ork stoppages by industry group and occupation, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Combinations Service Stoppages beginning in year Industry group Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved 488.0 242 148.5 5,404.5 20.2 58 27.6 3,402.3 _ - 1.1 .2 - _ 19 - _ 4.3 - _ 79.0 - - - - 1 4 3 .9 2.7 .9 11.1 2.5 33.6 44.3 - - - 1 .1 5.7 _ _ Workers involved All industries........................................ 1 116 21.4 Manufacturing ........................................ 18 .8 Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fix tu re s............................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts....................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products ............... Petroleum refining and related indu stries................................................ Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u c ts ................. Stone, clay, and glass products............. Primary metal industries.......................... Fabricated metal products 4 .................... Machinery, except electrical ................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipm e nt....................... Instruments, etc. 5 .................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. _ .1 - _ 1 1 - 1 (3) _ 1 .1 2.0 16.9 209.5 4 7 7.7 4.6 159.3 1,240.7 (3) 3.1 _ (3 ) 1 8 _ .5 .5 - 1 - 1.0 1.2 2.0 .2 31.3 1,434.8 129.2 4.3 120.9 2,002.2 - - - - - - Nonmanufacturing ................................. 1 108 20.7 467.8 186 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ......... Mining ........................................................ Contract construction .............................. Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ...................... 21 41 1.8 2.4 45.3 59.4 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ...... S ervices..................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................ 2 42 2 .1 16.3 .1 3.2 359.2 .8 1 2 * _ .3 15.0 - (3 ) - 1 4 2 3 (3 ) .1 - - - - - - .1 .3 .5 .5 1.4 32 22 49.2 11.3 968.5 217.5 5 55 69 .3 10.7 48.8 9.4 377.8 426.6 1 1 1 (3 ) 4 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. 5 Includes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks. 6 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 1 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in each. Workers involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 2 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials. 3 Fewer than 50. Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Number Ordnance and accessories..................... Food and kindred products..................... Tobacco manufactures............................ Textile mill products................................. Apparel, etc. 1 3 2 ........................................... Stoppages beginning in year 42 Table 16. Work stoppages by major issue and level of government, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) City Special district Federal State County 536 1 45 64 236 193 399 10 3 1 27 17 28 44 4 3 ” - 44 3 1 166 5 1 161 1 1 1 “ 30 1 1 1 1 1 8 2 ” All is s u e s ................................................................. 223.6 .9 10.0 General wage c h a n g e s............................................ Supplementary benefits............................................ Wage adjustments .................................................... Hours of w o rk ............................................................ Other contractual m a tters........................................ Union organization and security.............................. Job security................................................................ Plant administration .................................................. Other working con ditions......................................... Interunion or intraunion m a tters.............................. Not reported .............................................................. 145.4 1.5 .7 .1 4.0 6.6 54.5 6.2 1.0 3.5 “ - 6.9 .2 (2) .1 (2 ) .7 1.4 .6 “ (2 ) 2.2 .7 .6 .3 (2 ) “ 1.1 4.1 49.4 3.2 .1 “ Major issue Total Stoppages beginning in year All is s u e s ................................................................. General wage ch a n g e s ............................................ Supplementary benefits............................................ Wage adjustm ents.................................................... Hours of w o rk ............................................................ Other contractual m a tte rs........................................ Union organization and security.............................. Job security................................................................ Plant administration .................................................. Other working co n d itio n s......................................... Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs.............................. Not reported .............................................................. - - - - 4 2 4 4 1 1 “ 14 9 12 28 1 ” 9 5 11 3 1 1 “ 16.2 146.8 49.7 12.3 .2 (2) 87.5 .8 .6 38.7 .3 (2 ) 2.9 .3 3.8 .1 .1 3.4 W orkers involved - .9 - - - Days idle during year (all stoppages) All is s u e s ................................................................. 2,347.8 7.2 99.7 161.8 1,419.9 659.2 General wage ch a n g e s ............................................ Supplementary benefits............................................ Wage adjustm ents.................................................... Hours of w o rk ................ ............................................ Other contractual m a tte rs........................................ Union organization and security.............................. Job security................................................................ Plant administration .................................................. Other working co n d itio n s......................................... Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs.............................. Not reported .............................................................. 1,459.8 19.1 1.4 .2 26.1 84.8 689.9 26.2 16.1 24.3 - _ - 62.3 .2 (2 ) .2 .3 18.6 4.8 13.3 134.4 1.0 .2 731.8 6.2 1.1 11.6 62.4 593.9 12.6 .2 - 531.2 11.7 (2 ) 14.1 4.1 71.9 .8 1.5 23.8 - - 7.2 - 1 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 2 Fewer than 50. - - - .4 18.0 5.4 .9 1.3 .3 - NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicates that no data were reported. 43 Table 17. Work stoppages in government by major issue and union participation, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Union participation Major issue Called or supported strike Total Did not call or support strike No information S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in y e a r All issues................................................................ 536 408 41 86 General wage cha nges........................................... Supplementary b e n e fits .......................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................... Hours of work .......................................................... Other contractual matters ...................................... Union organization and s e c u rity ............................ Job se cu rity.............................................................. Plant adm inistration................................................. Other working conditions........................................ Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ............................ Not re ported............................................................. 3 99 10 3 1 27 17 28 44 4 3 332 8 2 1 6 14 20 23 1 1 19 47 2 1 “ " - - 4 3 3 7 3 2 17 5 14 ” W o rk e rs in v o lv e d All issues................................................................ 2 2 3 .6 2 0 7 .0 5.8 10.7 General wage changes........................................... Supplementary b e n e fits .......................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................... Hours of work .......................................................... Other contractual matters ...................................... Union organization and se c u rity............................ Job se c u rity .............................................................. Plant adm inistration................................................. Other working conditions........................................ Interunion or intraunion matters ............................ Not re p o rte d ............................................................. 1 45 .4 1.5 .7 .1 4 .0 6 .6 5 4 .5 6.2 1.0 3.5 1 3 5 .9 1.1 .6 .1 2.4 6.5 5 3.8 2 .7 .5 3 .4 2 .7 6.8 .4 “ “ “ 2 ,3 4 7 .8 2 ,1 7 0 .7 2 7 .7 1 49 .4 1 ,3 2 0 .6 17.0 1.3 .2 11.1 8 4 .6 6 8 6 .4 12.3 13.2 2 3.8 14.2 1 24 .9 2.0 .1 ” . “ .2 .1 .3 1.9 .5 .1 (2 ) 1.5 .4 1.6 “ D a y s id le d u rin g y e a r (all s to p p a g e s ) All issues................................................................ General wage changes........................................... Supplementary b e n e fits.......................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................... Hours of work .......................................................... Other contractual matters ...................................... Union organization and s e c u rity............................ Job se cu rity.............................................................. Plant adm inistration................................................. Other working conditions........................................ Interunion or intraunion matters ............................ Not re p o rte d ............................................................. 1 ,4 5 9 .8 19.1 1.4 .2 26.1 8 4 .8 6 8 9 .9 2 6.2 16.1 2 4.3 1 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 2 Fewer than 50. .2 .1 .6 9.2 2.9 .5 14.8 2.9 4.7 - NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicates that no data were reported. 44 Table 18. Work stoppages by occupation and level of government, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Occupation Total Federal State County City Special district S toppages beginning in year All occupations .......................................................... 536 1 45 64 236 193 Teachers ....................................................................... Nurses ........................................................................... Teachers and other professional and tec h n ic a l..... Professional and tech nical.......................................... Other professional or te ch nical.................................. C lerical........................................................................... S a le s .............................................................................. 232 8 1 16 10 - _ - 19 2 5 - 13 2 3 4 - 52 3 7 3 149 1 1 1 3 Sanitation workers ....................................................... Craft w o rk e rs ................................................................ Combination of blue-collar w o rk e rs ........................... Blue-collar and manual ............................................... P o lic e ............................................................................. 9 5 14 110 37 _ - 1 - 2 5 1 1 1 10 10 9 3 10 72 25 1 24 1 Firefighters .................................................................... Police and firefighters.................................................. Other combinations of protective .............................. Other protective ........................................................... Service w orke rs............................................................ 9 6 2 6 2 - 1 - 3 1 9 6 2 2 “ 1 Professional, technical, and clerical .......................... Clerical and blue-collar................................................ Professional, technical, and blue -collar................... Sales and blue-collar................................................... Protective and b lue -collar........................................... Professional, clerical, and blue-collar........................ Sales and clerica l......................................................... Sales, blue-collar, and clerical ................................... Service and blue-collar................................................ 18 25 8 2 16 “ - 6 2 1 1 “ 6 1 3 6 “ 5 16 4 1 7 - 2 6 3 - . “ W orkers involved All occupations .......................................................... 223.6 .9 10.0 16.2 146.8 49.7 Teachers ....................................................................... Nurses ........................................................................... Teachers and other professional and tec h n ic a l..... Professional and tech nical.......................................... Other professional or tec h n ic a l.................................. C lerical........................................................................... S a le s .............................................................................. 107.7 3.1 (2 ) 2.4 .9 - _ 3.2 .9 .5 - 2.3 .1 .6 .4 - 62.9 2.1 1.3 .3 - 39.2 (2) (2) (2 ) .2 - Sanitation workers ....................................................... Craft workers ................................................................ Combination of blue-collar w o rk e rs ........................... Blue-collar and manual ............................................... P o lic e ............................................................................. 1.3 1.5 2.1 42.2 3.7 _ .3 .6 .2 - .9 - .1 .1 .9 1.0 1.3 .5 1.7 37.6 2.5 - Firefighters .................................................................... Police and firefighters.................................................. Other combinations of protective .............................. Other protective ........................................................... Service w orke rs............................................................ 5.8 2.3 .1 1.4 .1 - - - - - 1.1 (2 ) 5.8 2.3 .1 .3 - 7.0 18.4 9.7 _ 1.9 .1 2.8 - 1.1 12.3 6.8 - Professional, technical, and c le ric a l.......................... Clerical and blue-collar................................................ Professional, technical, and blue -collar................... Sales and blue-collar................................................... Protective and b lue -collar........................................... Professional, clerical, and blue-collar........................ Sales and cle ric a l......................................................... Sales, blue-collar, and clerical ................................... Service and blue-collar................................................ - .1 13.7 - - _ - “ See footnotes at end of table. 45 (2 ) 3.7 .4 .1 .1 - - - 4.7 - (2 ) 7.8 - (2) 3.1 (2) (2 ) .2 5.6 - - 1.2 - - - - “ “ - Table 18. Continued—Work stoppages by occupation and level of government, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Occupation Total Federal State County City Special district Days idle during year (all stoppages) 2347.8 7.2 99.7 161.8 1419.9 659.2 Teachers ....................................................................... Nurses ........................................................................... Teachers and other professional and tec h n ic a l..... Professional and tech nical.......................................... Other professional or tec h n ic a l.................................. C lerical............................ .-.............................................. S a le s .............................................................................. 1290.1 24.3 10.5 26.8 12.6 - _ - 47.7 3.3 - 11.2 .4 - 706.5 20.7 10.0 524.7 (1 2 ) .5 Sanitation workers ....................................................... Craft w o rk e rs ................................................................ Combination of blue-collar w o rk e rs ........................... Blue-collar and manual ............................................... P o lic e ............................................................................. 5.8 25.3 67.5 359.6 11.5 Firefighters.................................................................... Police and firefighters.................................................. Other combinations of protective .............................. Other protective ........................................................... Service w orke rs............................................................ 72.6 5.3 .6 7.9 .8 All occupations.......................................................... Professional, technical, and c le ric a l.......................... Clerical and blue-collar................................................ Professional, technical, and blue -collar................... Sales and blue-collar................................................... Protective and blue -collar........................................... Professional, clerical, and blue-collar........................ Sales and clerica l......................................................... Sales, blue-collar, and clerical ................................... Service and blue-collar................................................ 91.1 204.8 50.4 .3 80.2 - - - - - 14.0 9.9 - 10.8 1.4 - (2) 1.3 - _ 11.9 8.9 .2 _ 7.2 - .6 .6 13.2 2.8 5.8 17.5 55.0 299.2 8.4 _ (2) 38.3 .1 - - _ - 72.6 5.3 .6 1.5 - _ - _ - _ - - 1 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 2 Fewer than 50. - 2.0 - - (2 ) 20.8 3.6 1.1 .3 - - - 6.5 .1 18.6 6.8 21.3 - 56.0 - - .6 (2) 17.6 - .9 86.2 6.6 - - - 50.8 108.2 28.0 - NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 46 Table 19. Work stoppages by government level, function, and occupation, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Production and maintenance Professional and technical Level and function Total Protective Other Clerical Tea chers Nurses Other Sanita tion Crafts Police Other Police and fire Fire Other S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in y e a r All functions............................................ 2 536 232 8 17 10 9 5 124 37 9 6 8 71 Administrative service s............................ Welfare service s....................................... Law enforcement and co rre c tio n ........... Fire protection .......................................... Sanitation s ervice s................................... Education .................................................. Streets and highways .............................. Parks and recreation ............................... Libraries..................................................... M useum s................................................... Hospitals and health services ................ Transportation and allied facilities.......... Other u tilities............................................. O th e r.......................................................... C om binations............................................ 12 10 47 9 14 285 14 3 1 22 24 12 24 59 _ 1 231 - _ 1 7 - 1 2 1 1 2 1 7 1 1 - 2 2 4 2 - 7 2 2 1 1 1 - 6 1 7 31 10 1 3 21 9 11 24 37 - 9 - 6 6 1 1 3 5 2 17 _2 4 2 1 9 26 Federal....................................................... Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ Education................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. M useum s................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other utilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 1 - - - - - _ - - - 1 - - - - - - - _ _ _ 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 3 - 1 1 - _ _ - - 1 1 - 10 1 1 5 1 2 1 1 - - - - - _ S ta te ........................................................... Administrative se rv ic e s ......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 45 1 2 4 - • 26 6 C ounty........................................................ Administrative s e rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s .................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. - - - - - 18 - 3 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - 64 4 5 13 15 7 13 - 2 1 - 3 1 - 4 2 1 - _ - - - - * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13 - - - - - 1 11 .1 - - - - - _ _ - - 3 3 - - - - - _ - - - 10 10 - - - - - - 47 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - _ - 1 1 4 - - See footnotes at end of table. - - - 5 1 - _ 2 2 3 - 19 1 - 1 - - - - - - 2 - - _ - - - 17 1 3 - Table 19. Continued—Work stoppages by government level, function, and occupation, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Production and maintenance Professional and technical Level and function Total Protective Other Clerical Tea chers Nurses Other Sanita tion Crafts Other Police Police and fire Fire Other Stoppages beginning in year — Continued Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... C ity ............................................................. Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 7 - 1 2 - - - 2 - - - - 2 2 2 9 - - - - - - - - 2 1 - - 1 - - - - - - - - 1 8 236 7 2 29 9 13 73 7 2 1 7 52 52 - 3 3 7 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 - 9 7 - 3 1 1 82 5 1 6 15 6 1 25 25 - 9 9 - 6 - 4 2 - 33 2 1 5 1 10 11 17 48 - - 2 9 9 8 22 - - - 1 - 1 - - 1 1 - - - 6 1 1 1 6 17 _ 25 1 12 1 - 1 1 - _ _ _ - - - 12 2 - 7 . - - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 - - 193 2 1 1 172 1 2 149 149 - 1 1 2 1 1 3 3 - _ - - 10 3 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 2 - All fun ctions............................................ 223.6 107.7 3.1 2.4 .9 1.3 1.5 44.3 3.7 5.8 2.3 1.5 48.9 Administrative s ervice s............................ Welfare service s....................................... Law enforcement and correction ........... Fire protection .......................................... Sanitation se rv ic e s ................................... Education .................................................. Streets and highways .............................. Parks and recreation ............................... Libraries..................................................... M u seum s................................................... Hospitals and health services ................ Transportation and alliedfacilities........... 1.3 1.1 5.4 5.8 2.7 120.3 1.0 (3) .5 _ - - .2 .1 _ - .2 _ _ - 1.4 2.3 .3 (3) 3.7 - _ - _ 1.3 - - - - 1.4 .7 .6 .3 .5 .2 .3 .3 - - - - .9 - - Special district .......................................... Administrative s e rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protectio n........................................ Sanitation services ................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... W orkers involved - 7.6 37.8 (3 ) - 107.7 - “ (3) (3 ) ' (3) - 3.0 “ (3) “ See footnotes at end of table. 48 - -• .1 - (3) .5 (3 ) 5.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .4 35.2 - 10.0 .6 - 3.3 2.2 Tab!© 19. Continued— Work stoppages by government level, function, and occupation, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Professional and technical Level and function Total Production and maintenance Protective Other Clerical Tea chers Nurses Other Sanita tion Crafts Police Other Fire Police and fire Other W orkers involved — Continued Other utilitie s ............................................. O th e r.......................................................... Combinations ............................................ 2.8 10.0 27.1 - 0.4 .2 - - - - .9 - _ _ - .9 - 0.1 - 0.1 0.9 - 0.1 8.4 22.9 1.4 1.3 1.8 - - _ - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 2.3 (3 ) (3 ) _ _ - - - - .9 - - - - - - - - - .9 - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - State ........................................................... Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation se rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa cilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 10.0 .2 .1 .3 5.8 1.3 3.2 - .5 .2 .1 .2 _ _ _ _ - _ - - .9 .4 - _ 3.2 - 0.9 .9 _ - _ - - - - - - - .4 - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - .1 - - - - C ounty........................................................ Administrative s e rv ic e s ......................... Welfare se rv ic e s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 16.2 .3 .8 2.1 2.4 .9 3.6 2.3 .1 .6 .1 1.0 1.0 - - - - .4 .2 .2 _ - - - .5 - - - - _ _ - - _ - - C ity ............................................................. Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s.................................... 146.8 .8 .2 Federal....................................................... Administrative s e rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protectio n........................................ Sanitation se rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 1.6 .6 .1 (3) - 2.3 - (3) (3) (3) - _ _ - - - 1.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ 1.1 _ _ 1.1 - - - .1 _ - - _ _ _ - - .3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .2 - - - - 39.3 .2 (3) 2.5 5.8 2.3 - _ .4 _ - - - - - (3 ) (3 ) .2 _ _ - _ .3 - - - .1 5.8 - - - - - - 62.9 2.1 1.3 .3 1.3 .5 - - - - - - - - - .2 - - 49 (3 ) - - (3) 4.3 - (3 ) - .3 See footnotes at end of table. (3) 0.2 .2 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ (3 ) .1 2.2 _ .1 1.2 _ .6 9.6 .1 .6 _ _ .6 _ _ _ 2.8 _ (3) 5.6 28.0 .6 - Tab!® 19. C o n tin u e d -W o rk stoppages by government level, function, and occupation, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Production and maintenance Professional and technical Level and function Total Protective Other Clerical Tea chers Nurses Other Sanita tion Crafts Other Police Fire Police and fire Other W orkers involved — Continued Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation services ................................ Education................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 3.0 5.8 2.6 66.5 .1 (3 ) .5 2.7 Special district .......................................... Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation se rv ic e s................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 49.7 .1 (3) .1 45.6 - 33.2 1.9 8.6 20.9 (3) (3 ) 2.8 .8 .3 (3) 62.9 - - - 2.1 0.1 - (3 ) 0.5 .1 1.3 - _ - - 39.2 39.2 - (3) (3 ) 0.5 - .1 - .1 .1 - .2 .2 - - _ - (3 ) (3 ) 1.4 .8 .1 .1 (3) .4 .2 - (3 ) - - - 2.5 - 32.7 1.4 1.2 1.5 3.2 .1 1.2 (3 ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.8 .1 - All functions............................................ 2,347.8 1,290.1 24.3 37.3 12.6 5.8 25.3 427.1 _ Administrative s ervice s............................ 20.7 7.7 Welfare services....................................... Law enforcement and correction ........... 21.4 .1 Fire protection .......................................... 72.6 59.8 Sanitation s ervice s................................... Education .................................................. 1,413.2 1,290.0 Streets and highw ays.............................. 14.2 Parks and recreation ............................... (3 ) Libraries..................................................... 8.9 M useum s................................................... Hospitals and health services ................ 102.7 Transportation and alliedfacilities........... 380.9 13.7 Other u tilitie s ............................................. 42.3 O th e r.......................................................... 189.7 C om binations............................................ - _ 1.6 1.4 (3 ) 8.9 13.4 .8 .6 - 8.0 2.2 1.9 .4 - - - - 2.3 _ - 5.8 - 0.3 - 0.2 2.8 .3 - .1 7.0 17.0 7.0 .1 5.0 - (3) (3) _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.0 .7 .3 11.5 72.6 5.3 8.5 427.4 _ 8.7 4.0 1.8 72.6 8.8 63.4 59.6 .1 34.9 173.5 (3 ) (3) Days idle during year Federal....................................................... Administrative s e rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s .................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protectio n........................................ Sanitation services ............................... E ducation................................................ 7.2 ' - .3 24.1 - (3 ) 10.5 - 5.7 .1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - “ - - See footnotes at end of table. _ 50 _ - .6 .3 17.2 7.2 7.2 - - 2.3 (3) 54.1 37.9 4.8 _ 11.5 - _ 72.6 - _ - 7.9 - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (3 ) 1.5 304.1 5.7 6.2 10.4 5.3 - .2 .4 Table 19. C o n tin ued -W o rk stoppages by government level, function, and occupation, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Production and maintenance Professional and technical Level and function Total Protective Other Clerical Tea chers Nurses Other Sanita tion Other Crafts Police Police and fire Fire Other Days idle during year — Continued Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa cilitie s................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... - - - - - - _ _ _ _ 7.2 - - - - - - S ta te ........................................................... Administrative se rv ic e s ......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ Education................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other utilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 99.7 1.6 .1 1.4 73.1 3.8 47.7 .1 47.6 - 3.3 3.3 2.0 1.6 .1 .3 _ _ _ - - 13.1 5.6 1.1 - - - - - C ounty........................................................ Administrative s e rvice s......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ Education................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 161.8 14.9 6.5 9.3 - 11.2 - .4 - 14.0 1.3 - 9.9 8.0 1.9 - C ity ............................................................. Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare se rv ic e s .................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s................................ Education................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. 1,419.9 4.2 .4 10.6 72.6 58.8 750.3 .3 0 - 11.5 13.9 31.9 6.5 1.7 65.7 - - _ _ _ _ - - - 20.7 13.7 - 0.2 .2 - _ _ - - - 5.9 (3) 1.1 _ _ _ _ - - - - - .6 - 13.8 .1 - 2.8 2.8 - _ _ - - 6.5 6.5 - 102.7 6.8 3.3 _ - - - 12.6 - - .6 - (3) 4.6 1.4 - - - - - - 6.5 1.2 20.7 20.8 5.8 17.5 - 1.4 .3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 706.5 - - ” (3 ) - .6 “ 10.0 (3 ) 51 - - - 706.5 - - _ - - - - .3 .1 (3 ) - _ 11.2 - - - - _ 7.2 - _ See footnotes at end of table. - - - - - - 5.7 “ - - (3) - 354.2 2.2 (3 ) - 53.0 7.2 .3 “ (3 ) (3 ) - 25.8 (3) 1.1 11.8 .1 7.2 5.5 - - - - - - - - - - 1.6 64.4 8.4 72.6 5.3 2.0 204.6 1.9 - - - 8.4 - - - - - - - 72.6 - - - 1.5 - - 8.8 17.8 - .7 - - - - - - - “ “ - “ 26.1 “ Table 19. Contoraued—Work stoppages by government level, fynction, and occupation, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Professional and technical Level and function Total Production and maintenance Protective Other Clerical Tea chers Nurses Other Sanita tion Crafts Other Police Fire Police and fire Other Days idle during year — C ontinued Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa cilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... Special district .......................................... Administrative se rv ic e s......................... Welfare s ervice s.................................... Law enforcement and correction ........ Fire protection........................................ Sanitation s e rv ic e s ................................ E ducation................................................ Streets and highways ........................... Parks and recreation............................. Libraries .................................................. Museums ................................................ Hospitals and health services.............. Transportation and allied fa c ilitie s ................................................ Other u tilitie s .......................................... O th e r....................................................... Combinations ......................................... 8.9 66.9 289.7 6.5 31.3 119.3 _ _ - 20.7 - - 524.7 - 0.4 - - - 0.1 - - - - 45.5 - 17.2 - - - 5.3 0.2 .4 .1 25.0 105.4 _ _ 0.1 - - - 1.3 _ _ 38.4 0.1 _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .7 - - - - - - .1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .5 1.3 - - 1.0 17.0 - - 524.7 - - - - 34.8 (3) - (3) - - - - - - - (3 ) 272.5 5.7 5.1 8.1 _ .5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (3 ) (3) 94.2 - - - - - - - (3 ) - - - - - - - _ - - - - - _ - - - - - 52.4 71.6 - - - - - - 19.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.8 3.6 - - — - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.0 - - - - - 2.8 3.6 1 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 2 The total number of stoppages reported for all functions or an individual level may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in _ - - - - _ - - - 1.0 578.3 _ - - - - - _ - - - - 659.2 .7 .1 _ 0.3 - .8 .6 _ _ _ 8.9 .4 each. Workers and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 3 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 52 Tab!© 20. Work stoppages in government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) AFL-CIO All unions and associations 2 State Total Officially recognized Not recognized No information Officially recognized Not recognized No information S toppages beginning in year All States .................................................................. 536 448 23 19 163 7 11 A la b a m a ..................................................................... A la s k a ......................................................................... Arizona ....................................................................... Arkansas .................................................................... California ..................... :............................................. C olorado..................................................................... C onnecticut................................................................ Delaware .................................................................... District of Columbia .................................................. F lo rida......................................................................... 1 2 2 2 51 4 3 1 2 6 _ 2 2 1 45 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 1 15 1 1 1 4 1 - 1 1 G eorgia....................................................................... H aw a ii......................................................................... Id a h o ........................................................................... Illin o is.......................................................................... Ind iana........................................................................ Io w a ............................................................................ Kansas ........................................................................ Kentucky .................................................................... Louisiana.................................................................... M a in e .......................................................................... 4 3 51 14 2 2 1 1 3 41 11 1 1 7 2 1 - 2 - 7 6 1 - 1 1 - - M aryland..................................................................... Massachusetts........................................................... M ichig an..................................................................... M innesota................................................................... M ississippi.................................................................. Missouri ...................................................................... Montana ..................................................................... N ebraska.................................................................... Nevada ....................................................................... New H am pshire......................................................... 3 20 75 7 1 7 3 2 2 2 17 70 4 4 3 2 1 2 1 - • - 1 2 2 1 - 2 - 1 2 1 1 - - 2 10 18 3 2 1 - New J e rs e y ................................................................ New M exic© ............................................................... New York ................................................................... North C aro lin a ........................................................... North D a k o ta ............................................................. Ohio ............................................................................ O klahom a................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................ Pennsylvania.............................................................. Rhode Island ............................................................. 50 21 1 60 1 2 82 8 44 17 53 2 78 8 _ 1 1 - 5 1 2 - 19 7 19 2 31 3 _ - 2 1 1 - South C arolina........................................................... South D akota............................................................. Tennessee ................................................................. Texas .......................................................................... Utah ............................................................................ V erm ont...................................................................... V irginia........................................................................ W ashington................................................................ West V irginia.............................................................. W isconsin................................................................... W yom ing..................................................................... _ 10 5 1 14 5 5 _ 4 3 13 3 4 _ 1 1 - _ - _ 1 3 1 1 2 - _ 1 1 - _ - - - See footnotes at end of table. 53 - - - - Table 20. Continued—Work stoppages in government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Employee associations Other unions State Officially recognized Not recognized All S ta te s ................................................................. 37 1 Alabama ..................................................................... A la s k a ......................................................................... Arizona ....................................................................... Arkansas .................................................................... California .................................................................... C olorado..................................................................... C onnecticut................................................................ Delaware .................................................................... District of Columbia .................................................. F lo rida......................................................................... _ 1 1 2 1 - - G eorgia....................................................................... H aw aii......................................................................... Id a h o ........................................................................... Illin o is.......................................................................... Indiana........................................................................ Iowa ............................................................................ Kansas ........................................................................ Kentucky .................................................................... Louisiana.................................................................... M a in e .......................................................................... 1 1 - M aryland..................................................................... Massachusetts........................................................... Michigan ..................................................................... M innesota................................................................... Mississippi .................................................................. Missouri ...................................................................... Montana ..................................................................... N ebraska.................................................................... Nevada ....................................................................... New Ham pshire......................................................... No information No union or association Not recognized No information 248 15 8 46 _ - _ 1 28 1 - 2 2 - _ 1 - 1 2 1 1 1 1 - - _ 3 33 5 1 _ 6 1 1 - _ 2 - 3 1 1 2 - _ 3 6 1 1 - _ 1 - - _ 4 46 1 3 1 1 - _ 1 - _ 1 2 1 1 2 1 - - - - 2 1 1 - _ - 23 - - 7 - - 33 40 5 _ 1 _ 1 - 3 _ 1 - 1 - - _ _ - 2 - _ _ _ •_ 6 1 _ Officially recognized Stoppages beginning in year New J e rs e y ................................................................ New Mexico ............................................................... New York ................................................................... North Carolina ........................................................... North Dakota ............................................................. Ohio ............................................................................ O klahom a................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................ Pennsylvania.............................................................. Rhode Island ............................................................. South C arolina........................................................... South D akota............................................................. Tennessee ................................................................. Texas .......................................................................... Utah ............................................................................ V e rm o n t...................................................................... V irginia........................................................................ Washington ................................................................ West V irginia.............................................................. W isconsin................................................................... W yom ing..................................................................... 2 1 _ 4 1 4 - _ _ 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - 7 2 - - 1 1 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - See footnotes at end of table. 9 54 _ Table 20. Continued—Work stoppages in government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) All unions and associations 2 State AFL-CIO Total Officially recognized Not recognized No information Officially recognized Not recognized No information W orkers involved All S ta te s ................................................................. Alabama ..................................................................... A la s k a ......................................................................... Arizona ....................................................................... Arkansas .................................................................... California .................................................................... C olorado..................................................................... C onnecticut................................................................ Delaware .................................................................... District of Columbia .................................................. F lorida......................................................................... G eorgia....................................................................... Hawaii ......................................................................... Id a h o ........................................................................... Illinois.......................................................................... Ind iana........................................................................ Iowa ............................................................................ Kansas ........................................................................ Kentucky .................................................................... Louisiana.................................................................... ■Maine.......................................................................... Maryland..................................................................... Massachusetts........................................................... M ichigan..................................................................... M innesota................................................................... Mississippi.................................................................. Missouri ...................................................................... Montana ..................................................................... N ebraska.................................................................... Nevada ....................................................................... New Hampshire......................................................... New J e rs e y ................................................................ New M e xico ............................................................... New York ................................................................... North Carolina ........................................................... North D a k o ta ............................................................. Ohio ............................................................................ O klahom a................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................ Pennsylvania.............................................................. Rhode Island ............................................................. South C arolina........................................................... South D akota............................................................. Tennessee ........................................................ ......... Texas .......................................................................... Utah ............................................................................ V e rm ont...................................................................... V irginia........................................................................ Washington ................................................................ West V irginia.............................................................. W isconsin................................................................... W yom ing..................................................................... 223.6 214.7 2.4 .8 .1 .5 .1 17.4 .3 .1 .1 .7 .8 _ _ .1 .1 - .4 .3 39.0 1.7 .1 .2 (3 ) 1.2 7.4 28.9 .2 (3) 2.3 1.5 (3 ) .1 .1 .5 .1 16.8 (3 ) .1 .1 .5 .7 - 137.7 0.8 2.3 .8 .3 - _ _ - .8 - - - (3) _ 1.3 .1 - _ .1 - (3) - 1.2 6.5 28.0 .1 _ - (3) .1 8.8 .1 .1 .5 .7 - .2 .3 37.6 1.6 (3) (3 ) - (3 ) (3) .1 .9 .8 - - - 2.2 1.5 _ .1 - 12.4 13.6 (3) 1.2 36.0 7.0 39.7 _ _ 13.4 1.2 35.9 7.0 _ 2.2 1.0 - _ _ 1.9 .9 - (3 ) 3.6 1.0 1.0 - _ - 40.2 (3 ) - _ 11.6 - (3) - (3 ) _ (3) .5 _ .1 _ _ .1 - _ 31.2 .5 - - - _ _ - - - (3) (3 ) _ 0 _ _ - (3 ) 4.7 33.2 _ _ - - - 8.0 _ 1.2 25.6 1.9 _ .1 - _ _ _ _ _ - - 3.6 .5 .5 - - .5 - _ (3 ) _ - - 1.2 1.9 13.4 .1 _ 1.2 _ - (3 ) - (3 ) - (3 ) _ .1 .9 .1 _ (3) .2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .1 _ _ .1 _ - - - - - - _ .9 .9 _ _ _ _ .1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 1.2 (3) .2 - _ _ See footnotes at end of table. 3.7 55 - _ _ .5 - _ - Table 20. Continued—Work stoppages in government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Employee associations Other unions State Officially recognized Not recognized No information Officially recognized Not recognized No information No union or association W orkers involved All S ta te s ................................................................. 8.0 69.1 (3 ) _ - 2.7 _ .2 7.8 (3) - _ .3 - _ - - - - - G eorgia....................................................................... H aw a ii......................................................................... Id a h o ........................................................................... Illinois.......................................................................... Ind iana........................................................................ Iowa ............................................................................ Kansas ........................................................................ Kentucky .................................................................... Louisiana.................................................................... M a in e .......................................................................... .2 (3 ) - _ - - .3 6.4 1.1 - 1.2 .1 (3 ) - _ .1 - (3) - - M aryland..................................................................... M assachusetts........................................................... M ichigan..................................................................... M innesota................................................................... M ississippi.................................................................. Missouri ..................................... ................................. Montana ..................................................................... N ebraska.................................................................... Nevada ....................................................................... New Ham pshire......................................................... _ 2.1 2.5 .3 .4 - _ 2.5 12.0 (3) 1.9 .1 _ - - _ - .7 - _ - _ - 6.5 6.5 5.4 10.0 5.1 New J e rs e y ................................................................ New Mexico ............................................................... New York ................................................................... North Carolina ........................................................... North D a k o ta ............................................................. Ohio ............................................................................ O klahom a................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................ Pennsylvania.............................................................. Rhode Island ............................................................. South C arolina........................................................... South D akota............................................................. Tennessee ................................................................. Texas .......................................................................... Utah ............................................................................ V e rm o n t...................................................................... V irginia........................................................................ Washington ................................................................ West V irginia.............................................................. W isconsin................................................................... W yom ing..................................................................... _ - 1.4 _ .1 .1 - A la b a m a ..................................................................... A la s k a ......................................................................... Arizona ..................................................................... Arkansas .................................................................... California .................................................................... C olorado................................................................ . C onnecticut........ — ......................... ............................ Delaware .................................................................... District of Columbia .................................................. F lorida......................................................................... _ - 1.6 .1 .2 .3 (3 ) . .5 .1 (3 ) .3 - (3) _ _ _ - - - - - - - (3 ) .6 .3 - “ See footnotes at end of table. 56 _ 1.0 - 1.8 .5 - (3 ) _ (3 ) (3 ) .3 (3 ) - - _ _ - - - - - - - (3 ) .1 .2 (3 ) .2 (3 ) .1 (3) (3) .2 (3) .2 (3) (3) (3) (3) .3 .3 (3) .1 (3 ) .1 _ .3 (3 ) (3) (3) .5 - Table 20. Continued—Work stoppages in government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) A f l -c io All unions and associations 2 State Total Officially recognized Not recognized No information Officially recognized Not recognized No information Days idle during year (all stoppages) 2,347.8 2,206.4 25.5 A la b a m a ..................................................................... A la s k a ......................................................................... Arizona ....................................................................... Arkansas .................................................................... C a lifornia.................................................................... C olorado..................................................................... C onnecticut................................................................ Delaware .................................................................... District of Columbia .................................................. F lo rida......................................................................... 7.6 1.3 8.7 .1 129.8 3.4 .3 .2 2.6 2.4 _ _ .8 2.2 - G eorgia....................................................................... H a w a ii......................................................................... Id a h o ........................................................................... Illin o is.......................................................................... Indiana........................................................................ Io w a ............................................................................ K ansas........................................................................ Kentucky .................................................................... Louisiana.................................................................... M a in e .......................................................................... 2.1 .6 369.2 10.6 .1 .3 .2 1.9 .6 360.1 10.3 M aryland..................................................................... Massachusetts........................................................... M ichigan..................................................................... M innesota................................................................... Mississippi.................................................................. M issou ri...................................................................... M o n ta n a ..................................................................... N ebraska.................................................................... Nevada ....................................................................... New Hampshire......................................................... 7.6 85.8 354.8 1.2 (3) 19.2 17.6 (3) 6.6 31.2 348.0 .7 19.0 17.6 _ .1 New Je rse y ................................................................ New M e xic o ............................................................... New York ................................................................... North C aro lina........................................................... North D a ko ta ............................................................. O h io ............................................................................ O klahom a................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................ Pennsylvania.............................................................. Rhode Island ............................................................. 91.8 316.1 (3) All S ta te s ................................................................. South C arolina........................................................... South D akota............................................................. Tennessee ................................................................. Texas .......................................................................... U ta h ............................................................................ V erm ont...................................................................... V irginia........................................................................ W ashington................................................................ West V irginia.............................................................. W isconsin................................................................... W yom ing..................................................................... .1 119.6 .3 26.2 627.8 44.7 1.3 8.7 .1 112.5 .1 .3 .2 1.0 2.4 - (3) .2 89.6 296.1 _ _ 119.0 - 26.2 627.2 44.7 (3) _ .2 .4 1,427.7 14.7 65.1 7.6 16.2 - _ _ .7 - 7.6 - 1.3 .1 41.3 .2 .2 1.0 2.4 (3) _ 1.1 - _ 323.5 7.3 (3) - (3) _ .1 .1 - _ - - - - - 1.0 54.4 5.8 _ .4 1.0 54.4 .9 - 6.6 5.0 164.0 .5 - - - - - .2 _ - - - - 13.7 _ _ - - (3 ) - - _ .9 .1 _ .4 (3 ) _ .1 _ - - - - - - - > - (3) - (3) 69.3 260.5 _ _ 47.1 26.2 415.0 9.0 - _ - .6 .1 _ .4 - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 12.7 18.2 (3 ) 35.0 1.1 28.5 “ 11.9 18.0 35.0 .6 15.3 “ 7.2 18.0 _ 7.2 .1 1.0 - _ _ See footnotes at end of table. _ 8.0 .2 - 87.6 57 - - .2 - - - - - - 13.2 - - - - .2 _ - - _ _ - - - 13.2 - _ - Table 20. Continued—Work stoppages in government by State, affiliation, and recognition, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Other unions Employee associations State Officially recognized Not recognized No information Officially recognized Not recognized No information No union or association Days idle during year (all stoppages) All S ta te s ................................................................. Alabama ..................................................................... A la sk a ......................................................................... Arizona ....................................................................... Arkansas .................................................................... California .................................................................... C olorado..................................................................... C onnecticut................................................................ Delaware .................................................................... District of Columbia .................................................. F lorida......................................................................... 81.3 _ .1 3.2 2.7 - (3 ) - G eorgia....................................................................... H aw aii......................................................................... Id a h o ........................................................................... Illinois.......................................................................... Indiana........................................................................ Iowa ............................................................................ Kansas ........................................................................ Kentucky .................................................................... Louisiana.................................................................... M a in e .......................................................................... 1.9 M aryland..................................................................... Massachusetts........................................................... Michigan ..................................................................... M innesota................................................................... M ississippi.................................................................. Missouri ...................................................................... Montana ..................................................................... N ebraska.................................................................... Nevada ....................................................................... New Ham pshire......................................................... _ 5.2 22.2 New J e rs e y ................................................................ New M e x ic o ............................................................... New York ................................................................... North Carolina ........................................................... North Dakota ............................................................. Ohio ............................................................................ O klahom a................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................ Pennsylvania.............................................................. Rhode Island ............................................................. South C arolina........................................................... South D akota............................................................. Tennessee ................................................................. Texas .......................................................................... Utah ............................................................................ V e rm ont...................................................................... V irginia........................................................................ W ashington................................................................ West V irginia.............................................................. W isconsin................................................................... W yom ing..................................................................... - 0.2 _ - _ - - - - - _ - _ - - - - - .1 - - - - - - - - - - - _ - _ - - - - - - - .2 - - _ - 11.7 3.9 - - - - - 1.4 - .1 - .1 4.8 - - - _ _ _ - _ 5.5 68.6 .1 _ .6 36.5 2.9 .2 - - - - - - _ - .2 1.2 0 1.6 (3 ) .2 _ - 1.1 - _ .2 _ (3 ) - - (3) _ _ _ 7.9 .1 - 28.3 _ \ (3) .1 .3 - _ 4.9 - _ .2 .8 (3 ) (3) (3) - - _ _ - _ _ - - 7.2 _ _ .1 _ 71.7 _ - 16.2 - - _ _ _ - 22.5 _ .1 2.2 - _ 18.8 _ 35.5 _ 10.5 21.0 161.9 .2 - - - - .3 _ _ 1.3 _ _ (3) _ _ .1 - _ (3) _ 19.9 (3) .2 .3 (3 ) - - - 207.5 35.7 - - - - .6 - _ 4.7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - - _ (3) 9.6 - 14.3 “ - - - - - - - - 1 Stoppages extending across State lines have been counted separately in each State affected; workers involved and days idle were allocated among the States. The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 697.4 58 - 18.2 .5 _ - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ - - .8 (3) _ (3) (3) .5 _ - 2 Excludes strike(s) where there is no union. 3 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Table 21. Work stoppages by State, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year State Mean duration (days) 2 Number Workers involved Number Percent of estimate nonagricultural working time 3 United States ............................................................. 3,885 27.2 1366.3 33,288.5 0.14 Alabama ........................................................................ A la s k a ............................................................................ Arizona .......................................................................... Arkansas ....................................................................... California ....................................................................... C olorado........................................................................ C onnecticut................................................................... Delaware ....................................................................... District of Columbia ..................................................... F lorida............................................................................ 46 7 22 16 357 31 60 13 12 53 40.9 39.4 84.0 46.2 24.4 71.2 27.3 31.6 21.8 17.4 13.4 .3 20.1 2.1 338.7 11.4 8.4 1.6 1.7 15.2 487.7 77.4 1,164.1 73.5 6,775.0 594.4 514.0 35.3 26.7 201.3 .14 .18 .46 .04 .27 .19 .14 .05 .02 .02 G eo rgia.......................................................................... Hawaii ............................................................................ Id a h o .............................................................................. Illin o is............................................................................. Ind iana........................................................................... Iowa ............................................................................... Kansas ........................................................................... Kentucky........................................................................ Louisiana....................................................................... M a in e ............................................................................. 35 9 9 268 137 33 8 109 25 19 28.0 26.8 123.5 18.3 38.1 25.2 41.3 17.0 49.3 39.8 4.6 6.9 1.2 87.8 28.9 4.3 3.0 27.8 10.0 3.9 123.6 138.5 99.8 2,443.7 2,081.3 81.9 97.8 564.0 360.7 111.8 .02 .14 .12 .20 .38 .03 .04 .18 .09 .11 M aryland........................................................................ Massachusetts.............................................................. Michigan ........................................................................ M innesota...................................................................... M ississippi..................................................................... Missouri ......................................................................... Montana ........................................................................ N ebraska....................................................................... Nevada .......................................................................... New H am pshire............................................................ 53 134 286 95 8 88 16 14 23 11 13.1 16.5 27.5 34.3 17.4 33.2 28.0 10.8 15.2 29.2 9.7 26.2 77.7 21.6 5.4 26.0 4.9 2.3 11.4 2.9 119.2 413.3 1,779.6 580.3 115.3 682.4 96.9 18.4 125.2 59.3 .03 .06 .20 .13 .05 .14 .14 .01 .12 .06 New J e rs e y ................................................................... New M e x ic o .................................................................. New York ...................................................................... North Carolina .............................................................. North Dakota ................................................................ Ohio ............................................................................... O klahom a...................................................................... Oregon ........................................................................... Pennsylvania................................................................. Rhode Island ................................................................ 236 9 341 21 3 384 28 42 449 24 22.6 33.8 12.0 11.2 76.1 24.7 42.0 30.1 23.0 21.9 41.8 2.9 119.7 2.7 .3 97.5 8.0 10.0 118.6 8.3 809.3 83.4 1,371.0 63.8 15.3 2,430.5 236.1 209.9 2,216.5 131.3 .10 .07 .08 .01 .02 .22 .08 .08 .18 .13 South C arolina.............................................................. South D a ko ta ................................................................ Tennessee .................................................................... T e x a s .......................... ................................................... Utah ............................................................................... V e rm ont......................................................................... V irginia........................................................................... Washington ................................................................... West V irginia................................................................. W isconsin...................................................................... W yom ing........................................................................ 10 5 64 69 17 3 68 83 124 79 7 53.0 10.2 31.2 58.3 56.7 81.2 11.6 57.7 14.1 52.0 23.0 .7 .2 16.1 48.7 9.8 .4 18.3 23.5 32.8 24.0 2.9 51.3 1.9 529.0 2,203.4 383.3 28.3 1964 959.4 353.6 925.0 47.4 ' Stoppages extending across State lines are counted separately in each State affected; workers involved and days idle are allocated among the States. 2 Mean duration includes only stoppages ending in the year. It is calculated by multiplying the duration of each stoppage by the number of workers involved, summing the results, and dividing by the total number of .02 O .12 .15 .27 .06 .04 .24 .22 .19 .09 workers involved. 3 Excludes private household workers; prior to 1974 government workers were excluded. 4 Less than 0.005 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 59 Table 22. Work stoppages by State and occupation, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) State Total Professional and technical Production and maintenance Sales Clerical Protective Service Combinations Stoppages beginning in year United S ta te s............................ 3,885 324 _ 27 34 3,076 66 116 242 _ 1 4 1 1 1 - 43 6 15 12 263 21 45 10 5 42 10 1 5 1 17 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 5 4 28 3 8 1 3 A labam a....................................... Alaska .......................................... A rizo n a ......................................... Arkansas ...................................... C alifornia...................................... C o lo ra d o ...................................... Connecticut ................................. D elaw are...................................... District of Columbia .................. F lo rid a .......................................... 46 7 22 16 357 31 60 13 12 53 1 28 6 2 1 3 2 _ 7 - Georgia ............................. ........... H aw aii........................................... Idaho ............................................ Illin o is ........................................... Indiana ......................................... Io w a .............................................. Kansas ......................................... K entucky...................................... Louisiana...................................... Maine ........................................... 35 9 9 268 137 33 8 109 25 19 3 1 3 47 3 1 1 - _ - 2 1 - 26 8 5 196 119 29 7 103 18 17 2 4 5 1 1 1 _ 1 9 2 2 2 - 4 10 8 2 5 2 1 Maryland ...................................... M assachusetts............................ M ichigan....................................... M inn esota.................................... Mississippi ................................... M issouri........................................ M ontan a....................................... Nebraska ..................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire .......................... 53 134 286 95 8 88 16 14 23 11 2 10 51 3 4 2 2 3 2 1 - 1 3 4 1 - 40 104 196 76 6 73 13 10 17 7 1 1 1 - ' 1 1 4 6 9 9 4 3 - 6 8 22 5 2 4 3 3 3 1 New Jersey.................................. New M exico................................. New Y o rk ..................................... North C arolina............................. North D akota............................... O h io .............................................. Oklahoma .................................... Oregon ......................................... P ennsylvania............................... Rhode Is la n d ............................... 236 9 341 21 3 384 28 42 449 24 33 27 1 20 2 4 1 4 - _ 2 1 5 167 8 277 17 3 302 23 32 338 15 7 2 17 3 - 1 3 2 16 2 1 7 - 26 1 26 23 3 7 46 5 South C a ro lin a ............................ South D a k o ta .............................. Tennessee ................................... Texas ........................................... U ta h .............................................. Vermont ....................................... V irg in ia ......................................... W ashington.................................. West V irg in ia ............................... Wisconsin .................................... W yom ing...................................... 10 5 64 69 17 3 68 83 124 79 7 10 4 53 58 14 2 64 71 113 69 7 _ - _ 2 - - 2 48 4 - 3 - _ _ 6 3 1 2 5 4 2 “ - _ - - - 1 1 1 1 2 - - See footnotes at end of table. 60 _ - 1 1 2 4 1 3 7 2 1 4 4 3 - Table 22. Continued—Work stoppages by State and occupation, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) State Total Professional and technical Production and maintenance Sales Clerical Protective Combinations Service W orkers involved United S ta te s............................ 1,366.3 164.8 3.8 19.5 994.7 13.6 A labam a....................................... Alaska .......................................... A rizo n a ......................................... Arkansas ...................................... C alifornia...................................... Colorado ...................................... Connecticut ................................. D elaw are...................................... District of C olum bia.................... F lo rid a .......................................... 13.4 .3 20.1 2.1 338.7 11.4 8.4 1.6 1.7 15.2 _ .2 42.9 1.0 .4 .1 .4 .3 1.6 - - 12.4 .2 18.0 1.2 236.4 10.3 5.4 1.4 .3 14.1 1.4 .5 .6 Georgia ........................................ H aw aii........................................... Idaho ............................................ Illin o is ........................................... Indiana ......................................... Io w a .............................................. Kansas ......................................... K entu cky...................................... Louisiana...................................... Maine ........................................... 4.6 6.9 1.2 87.8 28.9 4.3 3.0 27.8 10.0 3.9 .1 .3 34.3 .6 (2 ) .2 - - .1 4.8 .6 - - 3.5 6.9 .8 46.4 22.2 4.0 2.9 27.7 9.5 3.9 Maryland ...................................... M assachusetts............................ M ichigan....................................... Minnesota .................................... Mississippi ................................... M issouri........................................ M ontana....................................... Nebraska ..................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire .......................... 9.7 26.2 77.7 21.6 5.4 26.0 4.9 2.3 11.4 2.9 2.0 2.8 15.7 .1 1.2 .2 - .1 .1 .8 .2 - 6.5 17.7 42.2 13.0 5.3 21.2 3.6 .8 8.2 2.6 .1 .2 .4 .6 - _ .2 .1 .5 .1 - 26.1 2.7 97.1 2.5 .3 80.1 6.1 6.0 71.5 1.1 _ _ _ .4 .5 - - - - - - .4 .5 .5 - New Jersey.................................. New M exico................................. New Y o rk ..................................... North C arolina............................. North D akota............................... O h io .............................................. Oklahoma .................................... Oregon ......................................... Pennsylvania ............................... Rhode Is la n d ............................... 41.8 2.9 119.7 2.7 .3 97.5 8.0 10.0 118.6 8.3 South Carolina ............................ South D a k o ta .............................. Tennessee ................................... Texas ........................................... U ta h .............................................. Vermont ....................................... Virginia ......................................... W ashington.................................. West V irg in ia ............................... Wisconsin .................................... W yom ing...................................... .7 .2 16.1 48.7 9.8 .4 18.3 23.5 32.8 24.0 2.9 (2 ) .5 .1 .2 (2) 7.6 12.0 .1 3.3 .5 32.5 1.6 .1 .1 1.7 1.0 .6 - (2) .2 See footnotes at end of table. 61 (2 ) 15.1 .2 (2) .4 .1 (2 ) .7 .2 14.5 35.7 8.7 .4 17.8 19.1 30.0 22.8 2.9 21.4 (2) 8.2 (2) .1 (2) (2 ) (2 ) .5 .1 (2) .3 - - .2 .3 1.2 5.9 .1 1.5 - .1 .8 - - (2) (2) (2) .9 4.7 17.7 2.4 .1 2.5 1.3 1.4 1.7 (2) .1 .1 .1 1.0 7.1 .1 10.1 9.9 1.9 3.4 12.6 5.6 (2) (2) 1.0 - _ _ 1.1 - .9 1.7 5.4 .2 .1 (2) (2 ) .7 .1 2.4 .2 - .9 .1 1.8 .9 33.0 .1 2.3 (2 ) .1 - (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 148.5 - _ (2 ) .2 12.4 .7 - - (2 ) - - - (2 ) .3 .1 - (2) 2.3 1.5 .3 - Table 22. Continued—Work stoppages by State and occupation, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) State Total Professional and technical Production and maintenance Sales Clerical Protective Combinations Service Days idle during year United S ta te s............................ 33,288.5 3,943.8 55.1 551.2 22,743.1 102.9 488.0 5,404.5 A labam a....................................... Alaska .......................................... A rizona......................................... Arkansas ...................................... C alifornia...................................... Colorado ...................................... Connecticut ................................. Delaw are...................................... District of C olum bia.................... F lo rid a .......................................... 487.7 77.4 1,164.1 73.5 6,775.0 594.4 514.0 35.3 26.7 201.3 _ 5.5 2,320.2 12.6 6.2 .2 10.7 3.9 _ 24.4 - _ .4 437.6 1.8 .2 9.0 - 478.9 71.8 1,152.8 58.4 3,603.0 579.2 176.7 34.4 5.7 193.4 _ 6.3 1.0 2.6 .6 174.2 1.7 9.2 .5 (2) .1 8.2 5.6 5.5 15.0 209.3 1.0 320.0 .3 1.2 Georgia ........................................ Haw aii........................................... Idaho ........ ;................................... Illinois ........................................... Indiana ......................................... Io w a .............................................. Kansas ......................................... K entu cky...................................... Louisiana...................................... Maine ........................................... 123.6 138.5 99.8 2,443.7 2,081.3 81.9 97.8 564.0 360.7 111.8 .6 .3 .6 333.5 .8 1.1 .2 - _ - .3 .7 - 104.3 138.2 99.1 947.4 739.3 78.5 96.0 358.2 357.9 111.4 .3 68.1 2.3 - _ (2) 30.2 6.5 .3 1.6 - 18.3 1,064.3 1,332.5 3.1 .6 205.8 .2 .1 Maryland ...................................... M assachusetts............................ M ichigan....................................... M innesota.................................... Mississippi ................................... M issouri........................................ M ontan a....................................... Nebraska ..................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire .......................... 119.2 413.3 1,779.6 580.3 115.3 682.4 96.9 18.4 125.2 59.3 24.0 36.7 213.0 .8 8.5 1.5 2.6 1.9 .7 1.3 - 2.6 3.2 54.0 5.9 - 76.0 301.7 1,221.5 451.1 108.2 571.1 90.9 10.3 86.3 57.7 9.4 8.3 38.3 68.4 10.3 35.8 - 7.3 60.6 250.8 59.3 7.0 81.0 6.0 8.1 3.1 .1 New Jersey.................................. New M exico................................. New Y o rk ..................................... North C arolina............................. North D akota............................... O h io .............................................. Oklahoma .................................... Oregon ......................................... Pennsylvania ............................... Rhode Is la n d ............................... 809.3 83.4 1,371.0 63.8 15.3 2,430.5 236.1 209.9 2,216.5 131.3 74.2 133.2 .4 58.0 26.0 581.9 11.2 .4 1.5 4.7 - 582.1 83.3 1,003.7 61.8 15.3 1,750.2 211.8 150.6 1,276.5 54.3 4.0 17.0 - _ 1.4 .3 8.5 1.6 - .4 23.7 1.2 25.5 .7 .3 21.4 6.3 148.2 .1 206.3 576.2 23.5 33.0 317.0 59.5 South Carolina ............................ South D a k o ta .............................. Tennessee ................................... Texas ........................................... U ta h .............................................. Vermont ....................................... Virginia ......................................... W ashington.................................. West V irg in ia ............................... Wisconsin .................................... Wyoming ...................................... 51.3 1.9 529.0 2,203.4 383.3 28.3 196.4 959.4 353.6 925.0 47.4 _ 27.9 11.5 3.2 2.2 18.2 1.0 13.8 _ - _ - 51.3 1.5 345.1 2,019.8 369.9 25.1 182.6 921.3 333.3 896.5 47.4 _ 3.8 - (2 ) 1 Stoppages extending across State lines have been counted separately in each State affected; workers involved and days idle were allocated among the States. - - - 12.1 10.0 1.6 - .2 .3 - “ (2 ) .1 .2 .2 .1 4.3 (2) (2) 1.2 7.3 1.1 - - “ _ - 1.0 - .8 6.3 4.7 _ .3 152.2 171.1 1.2 . 1.6 17.6 12.8 9.7 “ 2 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. . 62 Tabs® 23. Work §3opp@ s in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 g@ (Workers and days idle in thousands) Alabama Industry Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved All industries 1 ...................................................... 46 32 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, e tc .2 ............................................ ................ Days idle during year (all stoppages) 13.4 Manufacturing 1 ...................................................... . Lumber and wood products, except fu rn itu re ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products....... ‘ ............................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u cts................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather products.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... Colorado California Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all Workers stoppages) involved Number Workers involved 487.7 357 338.7 6,775.0 31 11.4 594.4 9.8 422.3 167 55.5 1,681.0 9 6.3 317.7 3 1 3 .4 .2 .7 9.5 65.5 2.5 14 4 7.7 .3 112.3 9.8 _ 1 - .4 - 44.3 - 3 4 .2 5.2 9.8 246.0 11 5 2 3.1 1.9 .1 51.5 35.8 5.2 1 “ - .3 1 - 1 8 .7 1.1 17.7 - - - (3 ) .6 2 0 1.9 4 13.0 842.4 1 5.3 256.2 .2 .1 13.9 .7 .1 1.7 .7 - - (3) Number 3 8 .4 2.0 44.3 35.8 9 13 14 1.3 2.5 2.0 23.4 19.6 56.0 (3) “ 3 1 - Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s................................................................... Transportation equipm ent........................................ , Instruments, e tc .5 ..................................................... 1 _ .1 1.4 1.5 34 15 5.7 5.3 141.4 72.8 1 1 1 2 - .1 .4 - 2.0 1.3 - 11 13 5 1.3 9.5 .6 22.5 240.4 24.6 - Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ - - - 4 .4 4.4 - - - Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 14 3.6 65.4 190 283.2 5,094.0 22 5.1 276.8 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... M in in g ......................................................................... Contract con structio n............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 6 “ _ 1.8 31.0 3.9 “ 9 26 6.5 168.1 59.0 .2 1,756.8 3 1 2.7 .3 _ 253.9 1.6 3 2 .4 .1 2.7 2.5 31 38 28.6 17.8 191.7 511.3 6 4 .7 .9 8.7 4.6 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices....................................................... ............... G overnm ent6 ............................................... ............. _ _ _ 21.2 2,423.9 129.8 _ 17.7 7.6 1.0 43.9 17.4 _ .5 .8 3 32 51 _ 2 1 4 4 .1 .3 4.4 3.4 See footnotes at end of table. 63 , (3) Table 23. C o n tin ued -W o rk stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Connecticut Industry Georgia Florida All industries 1 ...................................................... 60 8.4 514.0 53 15.2 201.3 35 4.6 123.6 Manufacturing 1....................................................... 29 4.7 442.8 17 3.5 91.3 21 2.8 80.5 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ............................................................ - _ .1 2 - .2 - 3.3 - 3 2 1 1.0 .6 .2 1 .1 .3 .6 1 .1 6.4 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - .3 2 .3 19.7 2 2 2 .2 3.3 - - - 1 .1 3.2 2 1 5 .2 .1 .8 35.0 .4 23.4 1 3 “ .1 1.0 - .6 4.6 _ _ _ - “ - Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ................................................................... Transportation eq uipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 6 3 .4 .7 24.6 14.8 1 - .4 .4 7.7 5 2 1.3 .6 - 16.5 317.2 “ 2 " Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ - - - Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 31 3.7 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s .......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 6 2 11 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 9 3 Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied indu stries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 1 - - _ - .5 .2 14.9 2.3 2.0 - 39.4 5.1 8.3 3 2 1 .4 .3 .1 21.0 3.0 2.6 .5 13.5 2.7 (3 ) .5 - 1 1 .1 ” 9.8 - 1 - - - - 1 71.2 36 11.7 110.1 14 1.8 43.0 .8 19.5 1 2 12 .3 8.9 .3 2.0 87.1 1 2 .3 .6 1.7 18.9 .2 .5 2.0 12.6 8 2 1.1 .2 7.6 5.3 3 3 .1 .4 1.4 17.7 .5 .8 5.3 2.4 1 4 _ - 36.7 .3 2.1 .1 See footnotes at end of table. - 4 2 64 _ 5 6 (3 ) - (3) (3 ) .2 “ .7 5.6 .9 (3) (3) .4 _ 1.2 2.1 Table 23. C ontinued-W ork stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Indiana Illinois Industry Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all Workers stoppages) involved Workers involved 2,443.7 137 28.9 2,081.3 33 4.3 81.9 19.6 1,692.7 79 18.0 1,344.6 16 1.8 48.0 _ 2.7 _ 51.6 2.4 _ 9 - _ 1.3 - _ 54.5 - _ 2 - _ .3 - _ 7.7 - .2 1.5 .6 1.6 17.5 24.4 2 2 1 .2 .7 5.3 12.9 2.6 - - - - - - 2 3 .1 .1 1.5 1.3 1 5 .2 .1 12.0 5.7 - - - 2 2.3 147.4 1 2.1 122.6 2.3 Workers involved All industries 1 ...................................................... 268 87.8 Manufacturing 1 ....................................................... 109 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, e tc .2 ............................................................ _ 8 1 .1 6 5 6 Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Number Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u cts................................ Stoppages beginning in year Iowa _ - - _ (3) Number 1 .1 _ _ _ 1 4 20 .1 .2 2.9 1.1 4.1 79.3 3 7 10 .2 .6 1.5 13.2 28.4 157.3 2 - .1 - .6 - Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .......................... > ........................................ Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 14 22 1.4 3.1 31.0 1,000.0 15 11 3.0 1.2 97.6 48.9 4 3 .6 .2 23.5 6.4 3 7 3 .6 3.2 .6 16.4 295.4 17.1 6 5 1 4.0 2.8 (3) 56.1 726.3 .9 1 1 1 .1 .2 .7 .1 1.4 Miscellaneous manufacturing indu stries................ 2 .1 .7 - - - 1 .1 5.3 Nonmanufacturing ' ............................................... 159 68.2 750.9 58 10.8 736.7 17 2.5 33.9 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s........................ Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s e rv ic e s ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... _ 42 14 _ 8 6 _ 1.9 2.2 - 21.2 2.4 120.4 22.6 6.6 38.3 7 1.9 _ 16.7 17 16 2.4 1.9 53.2 60.2 10 17 3.9 .8 559.7 72.3 2 3 .3 .1 7.6 1.3 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 1 18 51 (3) 1.4 39.0 .6 124.8 369.2 1.4 47.8 10.6 _ _ 2 14 5 - .2 - - See footnotes at end of table. 65 1 (3 ) .2 1.7 - (3 ) _ 8.3 - Table 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Kentucky Industry Maryland Louisiana All industries 1 ...................................................... 109 27.8 564.0 25 10.0 360.7 53 9.7 119.2 Manufacturing 1 ....................................................... 50 11.6 426.8 10 3.9 245.4 23 3.1 40.9 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco manufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ............................................................ _ 2 1 _ _ 2.0 _ 3 _ .1 6.5 .7 .1 .1 7.0 .2 .1 1.2 5.0 - - - - - - 2.1 - - - _ 5 1 1 1 1 2 .2 .1 .2 1.8 7.4 4.5 “ “ 10.4 1 1 .1 .1 2 5 .3 .5 .9 14.1 3 .4 30.2 2 .1 2 1.3 73.7 1 3.0 181.5 ~ ~ “ 7 2 .8 .2 20.4 109.8 2 - .1 - 1.4 4.2 3 1 3 .5 .2 .4 ; 4.8 .2 8.1 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ................................................................... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 3 12 .7 5.3 5.1 170.4 _ 1 _ .2 _ 11.2 3 ~ .3 6.2 “ 8 2 - 1.7 .1 - 9.0 5.4 - - - - 1 1 - .3 .1 - 4.2 .7 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ - - - - - - - - - Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 59 16.3 137.2 15 6.2 115.3 30 6.5 78.3 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... M in in g ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s e rv ic e s ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 1 40 5 .1 10.7 4.6 2.5 23.3 86.7 _ 4 5.1 103.2 2 3 .3 .8 6.0 5.7 4 5 .2 .6 2.1 20.2 4 1 .3 .3 8.8 .9 6 8 .9 .9 16.2 7.5 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 1 1 2.2 1 3 .4 .7 1.5 2 6 .1 2.2 .2 .3 3 1.2 3.0 32.2 7.6 Lumber and wood products, except fu rn itu re ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied p roducts........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather products.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 2 (3) (3 ) (3) (3) (3) .1 .1 See footnotes at end of table. 66 2 - (3) - . - - - 3.1 Table 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Massachusetts Industry Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Workers involved 413.3 286 77.7 11.4 226.1 126 6 4 1 _ .9 1.8 .1 _ 67.1 7.6 .6 _ 7 - 1 2 5 .1 .7 .2 1.0 16.7 3.9 1 2 3 4 1 .7 .1 8.9 1.2 1 .1 .5 Workers involved All industries 1 ...................................................... 134 26.2 Manufacturing 1....................................................... 66 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, e tc .2 ............................................................ Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u cts................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather products.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... Stoppages beginning in year Number Number 1 1 4 6 Minnesota Michigan Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved 1,779.6 95 21.6 580.3 26.5 885.5 42 7.7 340.4 _ 1.6 - _ 59.3 - 3 - .3 - _ 28.0 - .1 .8 .4 3.4 22.6 3 3 - .1 .5 - 2.0 12.6 - 2 3 1.9 .1 17.8 13.2 2 1 1.5 .6 27.8 30.7 - - - 1 .5 21.2 _ _ _ (3) - 1.0 10.8 5.5 9.4 .1 .8 .3 . .4 7 7 12 .4 1.5 5.3 12.8 71.9 156.6 1 4 4 .7 .2 .7 17.4 7.0 33.8 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except ele c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ................................................................... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 6 7 .2 1.1 9.6 22.8 23 34 5.1 5.9 156.2 194.5 8 8 .8 1.5 22.8 101.8 6 5 2 1.5 1.6 .6 22.2 21.0 12.3 9 15 - .9 2.7 - 20.1 154.0 - 1 - .1 - .6 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ 3 .2 4.3 1 .1 2.8 3 .4 34.6 Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 68 14.8 187.3 160 51.2 894.1 53 13.9 239.9 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s .......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 10 _ 3.9 51.5 3 22 _ 1.1 13.6 (3 ) 50.9 201.4 1 6 (3 ) 4.8 10 16 1.0 1.5 13.5 15.3 10 33 .4 3.3 18.2 108.4 10 16 1.5 1.3 44.1 31.8 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ _ 12 20 _ 1.0 7.4 _ 21.1 85.8 4 13 75 .5 3.3 28.9 15.2 145.2 354.8 13 7 6.0 .2 _ 73.9 1.2 See footnotes at end of table. 67 - - _ 0 88.8 Table 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry Missouri New Jersey New York All industries 1 ...................................................... 88 26.0 682.4 236 41.8 809.3 341 119.7 1,371.0 Manufacturing 1....................................................... 47 9.3 239.8 108 15.1 554.4 195 37.6 563.4 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ............................................................ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 1 1 .8 - 8.6 .5 .7 .1 4.1 8.7 2.1 10 6 13 1.3 _ .3 .3 54.0 16.4 28.3 Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied p ro d u cts........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts ................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... (3) (3) .2 1.3 6 8 3 (3 ) .2 .8 5.4 2 2 7 .1 .1 1.2 .6 1.7 10.5 3 13 7 .3 2.0 1.0 10.6 25.1 10.6 4 .2 13.8 6.6 3 19 .3 2.5 3.8 145.3 7 3 1.7 .9 9.6 25.8 1 .4 24.4 2 2.2 75.6 1 .2 12.3 6 1 5 17 .6 .3 .6 3.2 5.7 .9 3.4 34.2 1 1 - 1 .4 1.3 2 .1 - - - - - 2 1 .1 .1 2.9 6.9 5 11 .3 2.7 .4 3.7 146.3 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... Transportation equipm e nt........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 7 10 2.3 3.4 28.4 94.7 10 13 .2 1.4 3.8 74.9 22 35 2.2 9.7 34.4 153.0 2 5 2 .5 .3 .1 17.6 8.8 .8 8 2 2 2.1 .3 .2 66.1 1.5 3.6 26 8 3 9.9 1.4 .2 66.1 31.5 1.6 Miscellaneous manufacturing in d u strie s................ 2 .3 17.2 3 .1 1.9 9 1.5 39.8 Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 41 16.7 442.7 128 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s .......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract con structio n............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... _ _ _ Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 254.8 147 82.1 807.6 _ _ 2 12 .1 10.2 .6 292.9 11 3.3 2.8 40.3 1 13 .1 17.4 2.2 110.4 6 7 2.6 .9 84.1 26.7 18 28 7.1 1.4 27.2 14.9 21 40 11.4 4.4 58.3 44.4 7 44 21 .2 8.4 40.2 4.8 271.4 316.1 _ 7 7 _ _ .7 2.3 19.1 19.2 See footnotes at end of table. 26.7 _ 68 _ 21 50 _ 2.5 12.4 _ 77.9 91.8 Table 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry Stoppages beginning in year Oregon Oklahoma Ohio Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (alj stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved 236.1 42 10.0 209.9 5.6 206.9 20 3.6 105.6 _ - - - 2 - .1 “ _ 4.0 - 19.3 1.9 43.3 1 1 1 .3 .2 49.8 .4 .1 3 “ .9 “ 7.1 “ .9 37.7 - - - 2 .1 .3 1 2.0 111.6 2 2.6 112.2 1 11 10 22 1.3 1.5 3.6 56.8 33.5 142.9 2 - .7 - 7.2 .6 1 2 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, e tc .5 ..................................................... 43 37 6.6 7.9 201.4 184.3 4 2 .5 .5 6.7 26.9 1 5 18 18 1 9.0 12.8 (3) 266.5 588.5 .3 2 - .6 3.0 Miscellaneous manufacturing indu stries................ 3 1.2 58.6 - - Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 175 46.6 655.9 13 2.4 Number Workers involved 2,430.5 28 8.0 51.0 1,774.6 15 15 - _ 1.6 - _ 25.3 2.6 5 4 13 .6 .1 1.9 8 Number Workers involved All industries 1 ...................................................... 384 97.5 Manufacturing 1 ....................................................... 209 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, e tc .2 ............................................................ Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... - (3 ) - 1.2 (3 ) .1 .7 .2 30.4 1.1 .1 58.9 2 1 .2 .2 - 3.1 .3 - - - - - 29.2 22 6.4 104.3 (3 ) - Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... M in in g ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s e rv ic e s ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... - - - - 19 19 8.8 13.0 46.2 180.8 1 - - 6 1.5 29.3 10 43 3.2 5.0 29.4 120.6 7 3 16.7 12.1 6 2 2.5 .2 12.5 5.1 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 4 20 60 .1 2.8 13.6 5.4 153.8 119.6 - ’1 1 _ 6 - - - See footnotes at end of table. 69 (3) (3) 1.1 1.3 _ _ (3 ) (3 ) .1 .3 2 - - 1.0 1.2 - _ 3 1 .2 26.2 Table 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry All industries 1 ...................................................... 449 118.6 Texas Tennessee Pennsylvania 2,216.5 64 16.1 529.0 69 48.7 2,203.4 1,911.4 Manufacturing 1....................................................... 198 49.7 1,091.1 34 10.2 429.5 33 30.1 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ............................................................ _ 18 6 3 _ 5.9 1.3 .2 _ 126.1 35.7 3.1 _ 5 - _ .8 - _ 23.7 - _ 4 - - .6 - _ 5.2 - .9 1.2 .9 18.2 74.7 2 3 1 .1 1.8 .1 6.9 80.0 1.5 3 - .8 - 8.9 - 6 8 .5 .6 12.3 18.7 _ _ _ _ 2 .4 3.0 3 1.3 74.1 7 3.3 101.7 - - - 1 20.9 1,422.1 7 1 9 22 .9 .5 1.5 5.1 42.4 4.0 11.0 98.3 1 1 3 2 .2 .6 .2 .2 13.5 7.3 9.5 9.7 1 1 4 .1 .1 2.0 2.7 14.0 157.8 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ................................................................... Transportation equipm e nt........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 37 25 8.6 5.7 208.5 116.2 3 4 3.0 1.3 90.4 162.9 6 6 .8 2.1 26.1 25.2 14 9 7 4.5 5.5 3.3 58.1 27.6 132.5 4 - .8 - 3.2 - 1 3 - .4 1.1 - 3.0 172.6 - Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ 3 .1 1.1 3 .8 17.8 - - - Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 251 68.9 1,125.4 30 6.0 99.5 36 18.6 292.0 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s .......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 1 45 12 .2 13.1 3.6 2.3 30.4 16.3 1 2 5 .1 2.5 .5 2.3 20.9 1 6 34 45 9.7 2.9 323.1 41.4 5 3 .2 .5 1.4 24.0 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 1 31 82 (3) 3.4 36.0 .1 83.9 627.8 _ 4 10 Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather p ro d u cts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 1 9 6 0 See footnotes at end of table. 70 _ (3) _ .4 2.2 37.7 12.7 _ _ 2.6 .3 45.3 11 10 7.4 7.3 121.8 104.5 3 5 _ .2 1.0 1.8 18.2 O _ Table 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Washington Virginia Industry Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved All industries 1 ...................................................... 68 18.3 Manufacturing 1....................................................... 15 Days idle during year (all stoppages) Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 2 ............................................................ Stoppages beginning in year West Virginia Days idle during year (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all Workers stoppages) involved Number Workers involved 196.4 83 23.5 959.4 124 32.8 353.6 2.6 61.1 30 4.5 166.6 22 4.1 125.5 _ - 3 - 1.3 .2 .1 .2 3.7 .2 - .6 - - - 1 2 2 1 - 1 1 (3 ) (3 ) Number - - _ 1 - .2 “ 1.1 - - - 5 1 - .8 .1 - 2.4 1.6 - 1 1 .2 .1 .5 19.1 9.4 - - - - - - 3.8 .2 11.5 1 .8 47.6 1 A 10.2 .6 .1 .2 2.7 .2 2.3 3 2 .1 .6 5.5 51.4 2 1 .2 .7 .1 5.6 24.7 .4 .1 (3) 24.5 4 7 .3 .8 8.9 32.8 6 3 1.2 .3 13.8 22.6 2 1 - .9 .1 - 4.1 11.3 - 1 3 - .1 .9 - 1.7 13.5 2 1 2 .4 .1 .2 6.8 .5 7.1 Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 53 15.7 135.3 53 19.0 792.8 102 28.8 228.0 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services ..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 40 6 11.8 3.2 23.0 73.2 1 15 .1 12.7 .1 722.5 73 3 24.2 .6 149.1 18.5 1 2 .1 .6 .5 34.8 6 16 .9 1.6 16.3 18.2 3 14 .3 1.6 6.3 42.0 _ _ .1 3.8 1 14 (3 ) 3.6 .7 35.0 4 5 1.0 1.0 11 1 1.1 Lumber and wood products, except furniture ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied p ro d u cts................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather p roducts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ................................................................... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 1 - 1 2 (3) - 1 - Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 3 1 (3 ) (3 ) See footnotes at end of table. 71 _ _ Tab!® 23. Continued—Work stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or more by industry, 1980 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry Wisconsin All industries 1 ...................................................... 79 24.0 925.0 Manufacturing 1 ....................................................... 51 13.0 510.3 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco manufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, e tc .1 ............................................................ 23 _ 1.0 - 6.7 - Lumber and wood products, except fu rn itu re ................................................................... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries................................................................. Chemicals and allied products................................ Petroleum refining and related industries................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .................................................................. Leather and leather products.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 6 - _ - - - - 2 2 2 .1 .2 .3 7.2 2.0 14.5 1 1 .2 .1 5.4 2.3 - - - 2 5 3 .7 .5 .6 11.2 8.3 50.8 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le ctrical.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ................................................................... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... 8 9 3.4 2.2 201.5 111.8 3 3 - 3.0 .2 - 69.3 7.4 - Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ 4 .2 1^.2 Nonmanufacturing 1 ............................................... 28 11.0 414.7 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s .......................... M in in g ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s e rvice s..................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... Governm ent6 ............................................................ - - - 10 - - 8.6 298.9 4 3 .4 .1 13.0 1.2 _ 6 5 _ 1.0 1.0 _ 73.2 28.5 1 The number of stoppages reported fo r a m ajor industry group or division may not equal the sum o f its com ponents because individual stoppages occu rring in tw o or more groups are counted in each. W orkers involved and days idle are a lloca ted among the respective groups. 2 Includes other finishe d products made from fab rics and s im ila r m aterials. 3 Fewer than 50. 4 Excludes ordnance, m achinery, and tra nspo rtatio n equipm ent. 5 Includes professional, s c ie n tific , and co n tro llin g instrum ents; photographic and o p tical goods; w atches and clocks. 6The id e n tific a tio n o f a w ork stoppage in th is study is not a legal de term in a tio n th a t a w ork stoppage has violated law or pu blic policy. NOTE: Because of rounding, sum s o f individual item s may not equal totals. Dashes indicate th a t no data were reported. 72 Table 24. Work stoppages by State and metropolitan area, 19801 (Workers and days idle in thousands) State and metropolitan area Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages] Number S tockto n........................................................ 13.4 2.8 4.5 .3 20.1 2.6 3.5 2.1 487.7 29.7 225.0 77.4 1,164.1 28.3 132.1 73.5 357 14 6 16 118 56 6 26 22 11 16 41 15 16 8 13 10 14 9 31 21 60 15 8 16 5 338.7 9.5 3.0 5.7 99.1 34.4 7.0 21.9 7.4 8.1 32.9 30.3 19.3 4.2 23 21.0 4.9 2.2 7.6 11.4 7.5 8.4 1.3 .8 1.1 .8 6,775.0 99.6 106.7 65.3 3,474.9 578.4 36.0 125.6 56.2 79.4 687.3 637.9 155.4 77.9 15.2 249.2 60.8 26.3 119.5 594.4 291.7 514.0 29.3 20.9 40.3 291.9 1.6 3.0 1.6 1.7 4.3 1.7 2.1 35.3 53.4 35.3 26.7 57.3 26.7 20.2 _15.2 3.6 1.0 2.1 .4 .5 201.3 26.4 29.3 19.2 9.5 3.6 4.6 2.3 123.6 68.5 6.9 6.8 138.5 136.6 9 268 San D ie g o ..................................................... 46 18 8 7 22 13 7 16 9 8 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario............. 33,288.5 35 18 Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove .......... 1,366.3 53 8 6 15 6 6 A rizona............................................................. 3,885 13 16 12 12 24 12 9 All stoppages ............................................... Workers involved 1.2 87.8 99.8 2,443.7 127 114 10 5 137 17 15 9 56.2 48.0 1.3 .6 28.9 1.8 1.7 1.9 Chicago Northwestern Indiana State and metropolitan area Stoppages beginning in year Number Workers involved Days idle during year (all stoppages) Gary-Hammond-East Chicago ................... Indianapolis .................................................. M uncie........................................................... South Bend .................................................. Terre H a u te .................................................. Io w a .................................................................. Davenport-Rock Island-Moline, IA-IL ............................................................ Iowa p o rtio n ............................................... Illinois p o rtio n ............................................ Des Moines .................................................. Waterloo-Cedar Falls .................................. 14 23 5 12 8 33 8.2 2.8 2.0 1.2 .5 4.3 690.0 252.5 27.0 54.2 22.0 81.9 16 7 10 5 7 1.4 .5 .9 1.3 .7 517.7 4.9 512.8 15.2 20.5 Kansas ............................................................. K entucky.......................................................... Lexington-Fayette........................................ Louisville, K Y -IN ........................................... Kentucky p o rtio n ....................................... 8 109 6 35 32 3.0 27.8 1.0 9.6 93 97.8 564.0 11.4 364.1 353 4 Louisiana ......................................................... New Orleans ................................................ 25 12 10.0 1.4 360.7 65.3 Maine ............................................................... M aryland.......................................................... B altim ore....................................................... Massachusetts................................................ B o sto n ........................................................... Pittsfield ........................................................ Springfield-Chicopee-Holyoke, M A -C T ........................................................ Massachusetts p o rtio n ............................. W o rce ste r..................................................... Michigan ............................. :........................... Ann Arbor ..................................................... Battle Creek ................................................. D etroit............................................................ F lin t................................................................ Grand R a p id s............................................... Jackson ......................................................... Kalamazoo-Portage..................................... Lansing-East Lansing.................................. Muskegon-Muskegon H eights.................... Saginaw ........................................................ M innesota........................................................ Duluth-Superior, MN-WI .............................. Minnesota p o rtio n ..................................... Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI ..................... Minnesota p o rtio n ..................................... Mississippi ....................................................... M issouri............................................................ Kansas City, MO-KS ................................... Missouri p o rtion......................................... St. Louis, M O -IL........................................... Missouri po rtio n ......................................... Illinois portion ............................................ S pringfield..................................................... M ontana........................................................... B illin gs........................................................... 19 53 35 134 66 6 3.9 9.7 6.3 26 2 14.0 .9 1118 119.2 78.7 413 3 184.7 13.0 10 10 19 286 7 8 131 11 19 6 18 10 11 10 95 12 10 56 56 8 88 18 17 70 47 24 8 16 7 4.8 4.8 1.3 77.7 2.1 .3 47.9 1.1 6.0 .6 2.6 2.2 2.7 1.0 21.6 1.1 1.0 17.1 17.1 5.4 26.0 4.8 4.3 22.2 16.1 6.1 1.5 4.9 22 81 2 81.2 23.8 1,779.6 22.4 10.8 921 5 25.0 134.4 8.3 78.6 56.0 142.8 45.1 580.3 43.7 38.6 412.7 412.7 115.3 682 4 93.8 61 5 603.4 427.2 176.1 101.6 96 9 50 2 N e braska......................................................... Omaha, N E -IA .............................................. Nebraska portion ...................................... 1,971.8 Nevada ............................................................ Las Vegas ..................................................... 1,281.8 R e n o .............................................................. 11.5 31.9 New H am pshire.............................................. 2,081.3 New J e rs e y ..................................................... 39.6 Atlantic City .................................................. 28.8 Jersey C ity .................................................... 652.8 Long Branch-Asbury Park .......................... 14 9 9 23 10 9 11 236 11 24 9 2.3 2.1 2.1 11 4 4.2 39 2.9 41.8 1.8 4.9 1.8 18 4 15.9 15.9 1?5 ? 46 7 40 3 59 3 809 3 11 4 103 3 7.0 73 Table 24. Continued — Work stoppages by State and metropolitan area, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) State and metropolitan area Stoppages beginning in year Days idle during year (all stoppages) Number Workers involved 34 58 13 16 9 341 54 8 6 33 14 4.1 11.3 2.3 3.9 2.9 119.7 12 4 23 22 6.1 8 163.8 169.1 27.1 67.8 83.4 1,371.0 56.6 32.6 30.3 112.3 8.0 41 119 5.6 65.8 103.1 590.9 ? 94 14 15 10 25 21 8 99 9 43 4.1 45 48 27 1.1 1 255 6 60.7 57.3 85.0 89.4 63.8 17.1 384 28 18 47 44 73 30 17 8 7 7 7 10 24 22 35 28 6 14 42 37 33 5 5 97.5 5.1 1.9 10 0 99 22.6 79 5.0 1.2 23 .7 2.5 1.3 4.3 4.1 9.8 8.0 1.2 4.6 10.0 7.8 6.7 1.1 .4 2,430.5 87.5 106.0 180 0 174.5 325.7 258.9 105.1 41.5 60 8 19.8 97.5 414.1 139.6 131.9 122.2 236.1 12.9 121.2 209.9 188.5 160.3 28.2 14.4 449 Nassau-Suffolk counties 3 .......................... New York City 3 ........................................... New York-Northeastern New Jersey S yracu se....................................................... C anton........................................................... Ham ilton-M iddletown................................... Lorain-Elyria.................................................. Mansfield ...................................................... S pringfield..................................................... Toledo, OH-MI ............................................. Ohio p o rtio n ............................................... Youngstown-W arren.................................... O klah om a........................................................ Oklahoma C ity .............................................. T u ls a .............................................................. Oregon ............................................................. Portland, O R -W A ......................................... Oregon p o rtio n .......................................... Washington po rtio n ................................... 118.6 2,216.5 PA-NJ 30 27 10 13 8.5 8.4 1.5 2.6 112.3 111.6 12.5 48.1 Erie ................................................................ Days idle during year (all stoppages) Harrisburg ................................................. Johnstown ................................................ Lancaster.................................................. Northeast Pennsylvania.......................... Philadelphia, P A -N J................................. Pennsylvania portion ............................ New Jersey po rtion............................... Pittsburgh............................................ ...... R eading..................................................... York ...” ...................................................... 6.2 5.3 1.7 2.3 50.0 44.4 5.6 18.0 1.8 2.5 107.2 81.5 16.4 88.1 1,031.9 901.5 130.4 368.1 22.2 81.2 24 8.3 131.3 20 20 7.9 7.9 117.2 117.2 South C aro lina............................................ South D a ko ta .............................................. 74 11 26 8 21 141 109 33 108 12 8 Rhode Islan d............................................... Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI-MA ..................................................... Rhode Island p o rtio n ............................ 1 Shows data separately fo r each state, m etropolitan area, Standard C onsolidated Area (SCA) in w hich five stoppages or more began in 1980. Some m e trop olitan areas and SCA’s include cou nties in more than one State, and hence, may equal or exceed the to ta l fo r the S tate in w hich the m ajor c ity is located. Stoppages in the logging and m ining in du stries are excluded from m e trop olitan area and SCA totals. S top pages occu rring in more than one m etropolitan area are counted separately in each area affected; the w orkers involved and days idle are allocated to the respective areas. Workers involved Number New Brunswick-Perth B u ffa lo ........................................................... State and metropolitan area Stoppages beginning in year 10 5 .7 .2 51.3 1.9 Tennessee ................................................... Chattanooga, T N -G A ............................... Tennessee p o rtio n ................................ Memphis, TN-MS-AR .............................. Tennessee p o rtio n ................................ Nashville-Davidson .................................. Texas ........................................................... 3eaumont-Port Arthur-Orange ............... Dallas-Fort Worth .................................... El P aso...................................................... Galveston-Texas C ity .............................. H ouston..................................................... San A nton io.............................................. 64 10 10 20 17 13 69 8 18 5 6 25 7 16.1 3.9 3.9 4.7 4.6 4.1 48.7 17.2 4.6 1.8 6.8 10.5 .5 529.0 104.8 104.8 272.6 268.7 76.7 2,203.4 1,221.1 99.7 81.7 380.5 179.6 2.9 U ta h ............................................................. 17 9.8 383.3 Salt Lake C ity-O gden............................. V irg in ia ........................................................ Norfolk-Virginia BeachPortsmouth, VA-NC ............................. 14 68 6.4 18.3 234.0 196.4 6 6 2.9 2.9 58.5 58.5 23 F > 72 10 44 32 8 2.4 2.4 .7 .6 3.6 24.0 1.2 15.2 1.3 2.9 9.59 4 90 5 15.3 115.3 353.6 48.6 91.0 14.8 13.4 77.8 925.0 43.2 713.7 11.2 47.4 Charleston ............................................... Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH .......... Parkersburg-Marietta, W V-O H ............... Ohio p o rtio n .......................................... Wheelinq, W V-O H................................... W isconsin................................................... Kenosha ................................................... M ilw aukee................................................ R a cin e ...................................................... W yom ing..................................................... R3 ?8 11 17 124 16 9 10 7 6 79 5 22 7 7 2 C onsists o f C hicago, III. and Gary-Hamm ond-East C hicago, !nd. 3 Included in the New York city SMSA. “ C onsists of N assau/S uffolk C ounties, New York City, Putnam, W estchester, and R ockland cou ntries in New York; Jersey C ity, Newark, P atterson-C lifton-P assaic, and New B runsw ick in New Jersey. NOTE: Because o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s may no t equal to ta ls. Dashes indica te tha t no data were reported. NOTE Thfe number o f work stoppages in the New York—Northeastern New Jersey Standard Con solidated Area for 1979 was incorrect as published in table 24 o f BLS Bulletin 2092. The correct figure is: New York—Northeastern New Jersey Standard Consolidated Area1 — Number of stoppages 1979 ..................................393 1 The Standard Consolidated Area consists of Nassau/Suffolk Counties, New York City, Putnam County, Westchester County, and Rockland County in New York; Jersey City, Newark, Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, and New Brunswick in New Jersey. The note following table 24 correcting data for this area for the years 1974-76 in BLS Bulletin 2032 (1977), page 58, should be disregarded. See Appendix, Metropolitan area data, for further discussion o f these data. 75 Table 25. Work stoppages by industry group and duration, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group Total 1 day 2-3 days 4-6 days 7-14 days 15-29 days 30-59 days 60-89 days 90 days and over S toppages ending in year All industries .................................................... 2 3,939 324 325 369 741 820 681 287 392 M anufacturing..................................................... 2 1,847 59 100 141 335 400 395 174 243 Ordnance and accessories ................................. - - - - - - - - - Food and kindred p ro d u cts................................. Tobacco m anufactures........................................ Textile mill p ro d u c ts ............................................. Apparel, etc. 3 ...................................................... . Lumber and wood products, except furniture .... Furniture and fix tu re s ........................................... 162 34 37 74 61 5 4 2 1 9 3 3 4 5 18 5 4 4 4 38 8 7 11 12 29 8 5 16 17 30 3 6 20 13 16 2 1 4 4 17 5 7 13 5 Paper and allied products ................................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries .......... Chemicals and allied products ........................... Petroleum refining and related industries ......... Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .... 69 34 94 23 62 2 1 1 1 - 3 4 1 2 1 4 2 7 1 6 9 4 11 3 12 19 10 23 1 19 16 4 20 6 11 9 5 16 3 8 7 4 15 6 5 Leather and leather products ............................. Stone, clay, and glass p ro d u cts......................... Primary metal industries ...................................... Fabricated metal products 4 ................................ Machinery, except electrical ............................... 8 124 163 288 279 _ 3 3 2 11 2 5 8 15 15 _ 7 14 16 21 2 33 37 47 41 2 31 25 72 52 2 21 36 77 62 _ _ 9 22 24 31 15 18 35 46 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies . Transportation equipment ................................... Instruments, etc. 5 ................................................ Miscellaneous manufacturing industries............ 145 119 28 47 18 4 19 8 1 - 30 17 3 10 28 25 8 11 21 28 6 13 7 7 1 13 3 4 - 6 9 27 6 6 Nonmanufacturing.............................................. 2 2,097 265 225 228 406 421 286 114 152 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries...................... M ining..................................................................... Contract construction........................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s ervice s........................................ Wholesale and retail tra d e .................................. 23 297 284 1 141 7 2 62 18 1 39 25 6 20 74 8 16 88 3 9 50 1 3 15 1 7 7 . 250 424 15 7 32 23 18 40 44 82 37 107 48 74 19 40 37 51 Finance, insurance, and real estate .................. Services ................................................................. G overnm ent6 ........................................................ 22 270 528 _ 9 85 _ 16 72 3 46 131 5 61 99 7 49 46 2 23 11 5 41 4 - _ See footnotes at end of table. 76 25 80 - Table 25. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and duration, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group Total 1 day 2-3 days 7-14 days 4-6 days 15-29 days 30-59 days 60-89 days 90 days and over Workers involved All indu stries.................................................... 2 1,398 82 134 153 290 256 201 86 196 Manufacturing..................................................... 2 495 16 28 41 60 82 83 38 147 Ordnance and accessories................................. - - - - - - - - - Food and kindred products................................. Tobacco m anufactures........................................ Textile mill products............................................. Apparel, etc. 3 ....................................................... Lumber and wood products, except furniture .... Furniture and fix tu re s ........................................... 37 7 3 11 15 1 - 1 - 6 2 5 1 1 2 1 10 1 1 2 8 7 1 3 - 3 1 Paper and allied products ................................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries .......... Chemicals and allied products ........................... Petroleum refining and related industries ......... Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .... 20 8 11 65 9 Leather and leather products ............................. Stone, clay, and glass p roducts......................... Primary metal industries...................................... Fabricated metal products 4 ................................ Machinery, except electrical ............................... 3 15 44 50 75 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies . Transportation equipment ................................... Instruments, etc. 5 ................................................ Miscellaneous manufacturing industries............ 46 64 6 6 Nonmanufacturing.............................................. 2 903 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries...................... M ining..................................................................... Contract construction........................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary s ervice s........................................ Wholesale and retail tra d e .................................. 9 115 320 Finance, insurance, and real estate .................. S ervices................................................................. G overnm ent6 ........................................................ 1 76 225 95 63 0 (7) 0 (7) (7 ) 0 (7) 1 1 (7) (7) (7) (7) 2 - - 11 1 3 5 11 10 1 3 6 20 12 1 4 4 7 15 5 21 7 6 -n 7 9 10 5 1 3 5 5 - 22 2 2 118 48 2 3 6 1 - 66 106 34 3 1 20 29 37 3 _ 3 12 77 64 1 1 4 6 7 9 2 _ 2 1 1 O 3 2 11 2 2 (7) 3 2 2 2 3 1 2 1 6 13 3 1 1 (7 ) 5 7 1 2 (7 ) 2 1 2 (7) 2 7 5 - (7) 1 1 1 1 (7) o (7) 0 C) 3 3 2 1 C) C) (7) (7) 2 0 (7) 0 See footnotes at end of table. (7) (7) (7) 2 1 - 1 7 7 1 1 111 230 174 4 15 82 2 13 61 5 71 8 56 1 8 19 9 3 5 8 9 10 17 14 20 2 2 8 4 (7 ) O 0 _ 4 24 (7 ) O 4 109 (7 ) (7 ) 22 47 49 (7 ) (7 ) 6 13 (7 ) O 27 8 8 (7 ) Table 25. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and duration, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Industry group 1 day Total 2-3 days 4-6 days 7-14 days 15-29 days 30-59 days 60-89 days 90 days and over Days idle All indu stries.................................................... 2 33,824 82 274 587 2,250 3,677 5,350 4,644 16,959 Manufacturing..................................................... 2 18,639 16 66 141 436 1,182 2,363 1,904 12,533 Ordnance and accessories ................................. - - - - - - - - - Food and kindred p roducts................................. Tobacco m anufactures........................................ Textile mill p ro d u c ts............................................. Apparel, etc. 3 ....................................................... Lumber and wood products, except furniture .... Furniture and fix tu re s ........................................... 873 289 81 454 310 1 - 3 - 21 7 40 13 4 12 11 124 11 9 33 97 200 21 8 94 93 162 10 2 25 67 321 226 55 287 40 Paper and allied products ................................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries .......... Chemicals and allied products ........................... Petroleum refining and related industries ......... Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .... 698 134 551 3,780 231 5 10 21 5 1 8 90 37 48 1 50 105 13 52 29 41 126 20 99 35 47 364 40 344 3,714 80 Leather and leather products ............................. Stone, clay, and glass p ro d u c ts......................... Primary metal industries ...................................... Fabricated metal products 4 ................................ Machinery, except electrical ............................... 43 359 1,780 1,474 3,235 1 2 17 3 5 _ 6 9 7 38 12 27 45 45 69 8 41 75 168 156 21 84 186 521 370 _ 43 177 201 336 _ 155 1,269 527 2,259 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies . Transportation equipment ................................... Instruments, etc. 5 ................................................ Miscellaneous manufacturing industries............ 790 3,150 192 216 7 15 3 17 20 51 56 2 278 140 34 73 244 227 82 86 2,579 143 43 Nonmanufacturing.............................................. 2 15,185 (7) C) (7) 0 1 1 1 C) 2 3 (7) n 0 - 1 (7) 2’ 7 5 1 2 2 (7) 3 (7 ) (7) (7) 0 0 (7) - - 4 102 107 11 14 66 208 447 1,814 2,495 2,987 2,740 4,427 37 84 38 287 31 46 720 33 67 1,019 7 132 1,398 4 34 3 64 345 32 1,457 860 - (7) 4 (7) - Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries...................... M ining..................................................................... Contract construction........................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary se rv ic e s ........................................ Wholesale and retail tra d e .................................. 111 1,876 4,717 1,388 1,604 13 2 47 6 11 21 52 59 135 218 359 588 81 95 691 614 Finance, insurance, and real estate .................. S erv ic e s ................................................................. G overnm ent6 ........................................................ 35 2,761 2,692 _ 2 11 _ 7 24 _ 13 76 1 29 876 3 356 664 15 148 338 4 1,475 672 11 731 31 O 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4 and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in each. Workers involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 3 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and similar (7) materials. 4 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. 5 Includes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks. 6 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 7 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 78 Table 26. Work stoppages by major issue and duration, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Major issue Total 1 day 2-3 days 4-6 days 7-14 days 15-29 days 30-59 days 90 days and over 60-89 days Stoppages ending in year All issues............................................................. 3,939 324 325 369 741 820 681 287 392 General wage changes........................................ Supplementary b e n e fits....................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................ Hours of work ....................................................... Other contractual matters ................................... Union organization and se c u rity......................... Job secu rity........................................................... Plant adm inistration.............................................. Other working conditions..................................... Interunion or intraunion matters ......................... Not re ported.......................................................... 2,646 74 53 9 214 217 185 390 57 66 28 88 8 6 23 8 19 134 11 25 2 147 6 9 2 13 16 27 75 13 17 213 2 8 2 16 12 20 68 13 10 5 548 19 9 37 41 21 42 10 8 6 635 13 7 2 48 46 34 20 2 5 8 524 15 7 2 40 32 28 25 5 1 2 220 7 3 1 11 22 13 9 1 271 4 4 26 40 23 17 3 4 All issues............................................................. 1,398.3 82.3 133.5 152.8 290.0 256.0 201.4 86.0 196.3 General wage changes........................................ Supplementary b e n e fits....................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................ Hours of work ....................................................... Other contractual matters ................................... Union organization and se c u rity......................... Job se cu rity........................................................... Plant adm inistration.............................................. Other working conditions..................................... Interunion or intraunion matters ......................... Not re ported.......................................................... 862.5 14.5 33.9 .9 34.0 36.5 197.9 176.8 14.7 23.9 2.9 27.1 1.0 2.0 3.3 1.2 8.0 31.2 2.6 5.3 .6 39.2 1.8 2.1 .3 2.4 8.6 16.7 54.7 3.1 4.5 108.0 1.0 1.8 .1 1.2 2.4 4.8 24.3 5.0 3.1 1.0 172.8 4.5 .7 9.8 6.9 68.0 16.3 1.3 9.5 .3 188.9 1.9 1.1 .2 5.5 11.5 41.4 3.1 (2 ) 1.4 .9 129.2 2.8 .7 .2 8.6 1.7 45.5 10.2 2.3 (2) .1 47.9 1.0 25.2 (2) .7 1.3 8.8 1.0 149.4 .3 .2 2.5 2.9 4.8 35.9 .4 .1 Workers involved - (2) Days idle All issues............................................................. 33,824.5 82.3 273.9 587.4 2,250.2 3,677.1 5,349.8 4,644.4 16,959.4 General wage changes........................................ Supplementary be n e fits....................................... Wage adjustments................................................ Hours of work ....................................................... Other contractual matters ................................... Union organization and se c u rity......................... Job se cu rity........................................................... 22,284.0 233.3 1,430.1 14.0 730.4 804.6 3,299.9 4,801.6 111.3 79.6 35.7 27.1 1.0 2.0 3.3 1.2 8.0 31.2 2.6 5.3 .6 97.1 3.7 4.2 .5 5.3 21.9 28.4 96.8 7.6 8.4 450.8 4.1 5.4 .3 4.8 9.0 11.1 73.0 15.1 9.5 4.2 1,325.9 28.0 5.2 61.8 47.2 640.0 95.9 7.7 36.5 2.1 2,655.3 30.1 17.5 3.4 77.9 184.6 630.9 44.5 .4 18.8 13.8 3,523.8 75.3 18.9 8.7 246.9 45.2 1,170.7 209.7 47.9 1.1 1.6 2,682.0 53.2 1,361.3 1.1 35.5 66.9 387.2 56.1 1.2 11,522.1 37.9 15.5 295.0 428.7 423.7 4,194.4 29.9 12.2 Plant administration............................................ Other working conditions..................................... Interunion or intraunion matters ......................... Not re ported.......................................................... 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4, and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 79 Table 27. Work stoppages by contract status and duration, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages ending in year Days idle Workers involved Stoppages Contract status and duration Percent Number Percent 1,398.3 100.0 33,824.5 100.0 8.2 8.3 9.4 18.8 20.8 17.3 7.3 10.0 82.3 133.5 152.8 290.0 256.0 201.4 86.0 196.3 5.9 9.5 10.9 20.7 18.3 14.4 6.2 14.0 82.3 273.9 587.4 2,250.2 3,677.1 5,349.8 4,644.4 16,959.4 .2 .8 1.7 6.7 10.9 15.8 13.7 50.1 349 15 20 24 68 81 55 33 53 8.9 .4 .5 .6 1.7 2.1 1.4 .8 1.3 37.9 1.0 1.6 2.9 5.7 10.9 3.8 2.8 9.3 2.7 .1 .1 .2 .4 .8 .3 .2 .7 1,618.1 1.0 4.1 10.3 38.3 169.2 113.4 144.5 1,137.4 4.8 (2) (2) (2) .1 .5 .3 .4 3.4 Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening) ......................................................... 1 d a y .................................................................. 2 to 3 d a y s ........................................................ 4 to 6 d a y s ........................................................ 7 to 14 d a y s...................................................... 15 to 29 days ................................................... 30 to 59 days ................................................... 60 to 89 days ................................................... 90 days and over ............................................. 2,626 74 140 203 538 616 547 232 276 66.7 1.9 3.6 5.2 13.7 15.6 13.9 5.9 7.0 1,098.9 26.2 47.0 104.0 246.6 230.2 182.9 80.5 181.5 78.6 1.9 3.4 7.4 17.6 16.5 13.1 5.8 13.0 30,349.7 26.2 117.6 436.9 2,029.1 3,301.5 4,904.9 4,363.4 15,170.2 89.7 .1 .3 1.3 6.0 9.8 14.5 12.9 44.8 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreements not involved) ............................... 1 d a y .................................................................. 2 to 3 d a y s ........................................................ 4 to 6 d a y s ........................................................ 7 to 14 d a y s ...................................................... 15 to 29 days ................................................... 30 to 59 days ................................................... 60 to 89 days ................................................... 90 days and o v e r ............................................. 525 197 121 100 61 20 16 10 13.3 5.0 3.1 2.5 1.5 .5 .4 .3 216.9 50.9 81.0 40.5 27.9 6.8 9.3 .4 15.5 3.6 5.8 2.9 2.0 .5 .7 (2 ) 720.4 50.9 143.0 121.0 120.0 87.1 164.3 33.9 2.1 .2 .4 .4 .4 .3 .5 .1 No contract or other contract sta tu s................ 1 d a y .................................................................. 2 to 3 d a y s ........................................................ 4 to 6 d a y s ........................................................ 7 to 14 d a y s...................................................... 15 to 29 days ................................................... 30 to 59 days ................................................... 60 to 89 days ................................................... 90 days and over ............................................. 114 23 23 19 14 15 10 4 6 2.9 .6 .6 .5 .4 .4 .3 .1 .2 15.8 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.9 .8 1.4 .3 1.5 1.1 .1 .2 .2 .3 .1 .1 (2) .1 329.7 2.0 6.7 10.1 26.3 12.4 39.3 14.9 217.9 1.0 (2 ) (2) (2) .1 (2) .1 (2 ) .6 No information on contract s ta tu s .................... 1 d a y .................................................................. 2 to 3 d a y s ........................................................ 4 to 6 d a y s ........................................................ 7 to 14 d a y s ...................................................... 15 to 29 days ................................................... 30 to 59 days ................................................... 60 to 89 days ................................................... 90 days and over ............................................. 325 15 21 23 60 88 53 18 47 8.3 .4 .5 .6 1.5 2.2 1.3 .5 1.2 28.8 2.3 1.3 2.3 5.8 7.3 3.9 2.4 3.6 2.1 .2 .1 .2 .4 .5 .3 .2 .3 806.5 2.3 2.5 9.1 36.4 106.9 127.7 121.6 400.0 2.4 (2) (2) (2 ) .1 .3 .4 .4 1.2 Number Percent All stoppages.................................................... 3,939 100.0 1 d a y ..................................................................... 2 to 3 days .......................................................... 4 to 6 days .......................................................... 7 to 14 days ........................................................ 15 to 29 days ...................................................... 30 to 59 d a y s ...................................................... 60 to 89 days ...................................................... 90 days and over ................................................ 324 325 369 741 820 681 287 392 Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition ........................................................ 1 d a y .................................................................. 2 to 3 d a y s ........................................................ 4 to 6 d a y s ........................................................ 7 to 14 days ...................................................... 15 to 29 days ................................................... 30 to 59 days ................................................... 60 to 89 days ................................................... 90 days and over ............................................. 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4 and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. Number 2 Less than 0.05 percent, NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 80 Table 28. Work stoppages by contract status and mediation, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages ending in year Days idle Workers involved Stoppages Contract status and mediation agency Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent All stop pag es............................................................. 3,939 100.0 1,398.3 100.0 33,824.5 100.0 Government mediation 1 ............................................. 2 Federal mediation ..................................................... State mediation ......................................................... Federal and State mediation com bined................. Other m ediation......................................................... Private mediation ......................................................... No mediation reported ................................................ No inform ation...... .-....................................................... 2,123 1,641 291 108 83 96 1,501 219 53.9 41.7 7.4 2.7 2.1 2.4 38.1 5.6 800.1 576.5 123.6 36.9 63.1 62.0 515.9 20.3 57.2 41.2 8.8 2.6 4.5 4.4 36.9 1.5 23,929.9 21,066.5 1,526.1 692.5 644.9 383.6 8,777.6 733.3 70.7 62.3 4.5 2.0 1.9 1.1 26.0 2.2 Negotiation of first agreem ent.................................... Government mediation 2 ........................................... Federal m ediation................................................... State m ediation....................................................... Federal and State mediation c o m b in e d .............. Other mediation ...................................................... Private m ediation....................................................... No mediation reported.............................................. No inform ation........................................................... 349 157 114 24 9 10 18 159 15 8.9 4.0 2.9 .6 .2 .3 .5 4.0 .4 37.9 24.0 16.8 2.1 4.5 .6 1.8 11.2 .9 2.7 1.7 1.2 .1 .3 f) .1 .8 .1 1,618.1 1,113.1 985.4 32.4 79.4 15.9 23.8 409.3 71.9 4.8 3.3 2.9 .1 .2 (3) .1 1.2 .2 Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening).................................................................. Government mediation 2 ........................................... Federal m ediation................................................... State m ediation....................................................... Federal and State mediation c o m b in e d .............. Other m e diation...................................................... Private m ediation....................................................... No mediation re ported.............................................. No information ........................................................... 2,626 1,788 1,384 249 98 57 59 725 54 66.7 45.4 35.1 6.3 2.5 1.4 1.5 18.4 1.4 1,098.9 747.2 541.5 115.3 32.3 58.0 56.5 288.4 6.8 78.6 53.4 38.7 8.2 2.3 4.1 4.0 20.6 .5 30,349.7 22,043.1 19,359.9 1,465.0 610.3 607.8 342.5 7,592.6 371.6 89.7 65.2 57.2 4.3 1.8 1.8 1.0 22.4 1.1 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved) .......................................... Government mediation 2 ........................................... Federal m ediation................................................... State m ediation....................................................... Federal and State mediation c o m b in e d .............. Other m e diation...................................................... Private m ediation....................................................... No mediation reported.............................................. No inform ation........................................................... 525 44 23 13 8 6 466 9 13.3 1.1 .6 .3 .2 .2 11.8 ( .2 216.9 11.6 5.3 3.8 720.4 87.5 67.8 12.3 7.4 9.0 608.1 15.8 2.1 .3 .2 (3) - 2.5 3.0 201.0 1.2 15.5 .8 .4 .3 .2 .2 14.4 .1 (3) (3) 1.8 (3 ) No contract or other contract s ta tu s ......................... Government mediation 2 ........................................... Federal m ediation................................................... State m ediation....................................................... Federal and State mediation c o m b in e d .............. Other m e diation............... ....................................... Private m ediation....................................................... No mediation re ported.............................................. No inform ation........................................................... 114 19 11 2 1 5 12 81 2 2.9 .5 .3 .1 (3 ) .1 .3 2.1 .1 15.8 4.8 2.9 .2 .1 1.6 .6 10.4 .1 1.1 .3 .2 (3) (3) .1 (3) .7 (3) 329.7 240.4 224.0 .8 2.8 12.8 8.0 79.4 1.9 1.0 .7 .7 (3 ) (3 ) (3) (3) .2 (3) No information on contract s ta tu s ............................. Government mediation 2 ........................................... Federal m ediation................................................... State m ediation....................................................... Federal and State mediation combined .............. Other m e diation...................................................... Private m ediation....................................................... No mediation reported.............................................. No inform ation........................................................... 325 115 109 3 3 1 70 139 8.3 2.9 2.8 .1 .1 (3 ) 1.8 3.5 28.8 12.5 10.0 2.1 .4 0 4.9 11.3 2.1 .9 .7 .2 - 806.5 445.9 429.3 15.6 _ 1.1 .4 88.0 272.1 2.4 1.3 1.3 (3 ) 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4, and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 Includes stoppages in which private mediation was also employed. - (3) (3 ) .4 .8 (3) (3) .3 .8 3 Less than 0.05 percent 4 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 81 Table 29. Work stoppages by contract status and type of settlement, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages ending in year, Contract status and settlement Days idle Workers involved Stoppages Stoppages All stoppages.............................................................................. Formal settlement reached, all issues resolved, procedure for handling unresolved issues ............................. No formal settlement, short protest or sympathy s trik e ............................................................................................ Strike broken ................................................................................. Work resumed under court injun ction........................................ Employer out of bu sin ess............................................................ No inform ation............................................................................... Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition ................ Formal settlement reached, all issues resolved, procedure for handling unresolved issues ......................... No formal settlement, short protest or sympathy s trik e ........................................................................................ Strike broken .............................................................................. Work resumed under court injunction ..................................... Employer out of business ......................................................... No inform ation............................................................................ Percent Number Percent Number Percent 3,939 100.0 1,398.3 100.0 33,824.5 100.0 3,154 80.1 1,202.4 86.0 30,954.3 91.5 239 138 24 27 357 6.1 3.5 .6 .7 9.1 81.9 21.8 53.1 2.4 36.5 5.9 1.6 3.8 .2 2.6 340.7 279.6 102.7 158.5 1,988.7 1.0 .8 .3 .5 5.9 349 8.9 37.9 2.7 1,618.1 4.8 290 7.4 35.0 2.5 1,319.5 3.9 5 25 2 3 24 .1 .6 .1 .1 .6 .2 1.1 2,626 66.7 2,482 .1 16.1 34.7 1.1 1.4 245.3 1,098.9 78.6 30,349.7 89.7 63.0 1,075.8 76.9 28,738.7 85.0 4 47 6 14 73 .1 1.2 .2 .4 1.9 1.8 2.8 2.5 1.5 14.5 .1 .2 .2 .1 1.0 77.0 152.3 7.2 115.2 1,259.2 .2 .5 525 13.3 216.9 15.5 720.4 2.1 230 5.8 68.9 4.9 315.6 .9 230 41 13 3 8 5.8 1.0 .3 .1 .2 79.9 16.3 50.2 .1 1.5 5.7 1.2 3.6 (2) .1 247.5 52.3 84.7 11.8 8.3 .7 .2 .3 No contract or other contract sta tu s .......................................... Formal settlement reached, all issues resolved, procedure for handling unresolved is s u e s ......................... No formal settlement, short protest or sympathy s trik e ........................................................................................ Strike broken .............................................................................. Work resumed under court injunction ..................................... Employer out of bu sin ess......................................................... No inform ation............................................................................ 114 2.9 15.8 1.1 329.7 1.0 98 2.5 14.7 1.0 296.5 .9 .1 29.7 .6 1.9 1.0 No information on contract s ta tu s .............................................. Formal settlement reached, all issues resolved, procedure for handling unresolved is s u e s ......................... No formal settlement, short protest or sympathy s trik e ........................................................................................ Strike broken .............................................................................. Work resumed under court injunction ..................................... Employer out of business ......................................................... No inform ation............................................................................ 325 8.3 28.8 2.1 806.5 2.4 54 1.4 8.1 .6 284.0 .8 13 2 5 251 .3 .1 .1 6.4 .7 .4 .6 19.0 (2) (2 ) (2) 1.4 10.6 9.0 28.1 474.9 Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening) ................................................................................... Formal settlement reached, all issues resolved, procedure for handling unresolved is s u e s ......................... No formal settlement, short protest or sympathy s trik e ........................................................................................ Strike broken .............................................................................. Work resumed under court injunction ..................................... Employer out of business ......................................................... No inform ation............................................................................ During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved) ........................................................... Formal settlement reached, all issues resolved, procedure for handling unresolved is s u e s ......................... No formal settlement, short protest or sympathy s trik e .......................................................... .............................. Strike broken .............................................................................. Work resumed under court injunction ..................................... Employer out of bu sin ess......................................................... No inform ation............................................................................ 12 1 2 1 .1 1.5 (3 ) .1 O .1 (2 ) (2 ) 1.0 .3 (2 ) 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4, and 6-24 because thec i stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 Less than 0.05 percent. (3 ) (1 2 ) .1 (3 ) (2 ) (2) (2) (2) .1 (2) (2) .7 (2) .3 3.7 (2 ) (2 ) .1 (2) O (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) .1 1.4 3 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 82 labile 30. W ork stoppages by major issue and type of settlement, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Formal settlement reached No formal settlement reached All issues resolved Major issue Procedure for handling unresolved issues Short protest or sympathy strike Total Strike broken Work resumed under court injunction Employer out of business No information S toppages ending in year All issues............................................................. 3,939 2,924 230 239 138 24 27 357 General wage changes........................................ Supplementary b e n e fits ....................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................ Hours of work ....................................................... Other contractual m a tte rs ................................... Union organization and s e c u rity......................... Job se cu rity........................................................... Plant adm inistration.............................................. Other working conditions..................................... Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ......................... Not reported.......................................................... 2,646 74 53 9 214 217 185 390 57 66 28 2,246 60 35 6 109 130 124 167 30 13 4 127 2 4 2 5 28 17 36 5 3 1 6 3 6 11 5 21 144 2 41 51 2 2 1 6 24 11 25 11 5 ~ 6 1 4 3 6 1 3 “ 10 2 1 4 4 2 2 1 1 200 5 5 78 22 7 10 7 1 22 All issues............................................................. 1,398.3 1,120.7 81.8 81.9 21.8 53.1 2.4 36.5 General wage changes........................................ Supplementary b e n e fits....................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................ Hours of work ....................................................... Other contractual matters ................................... Union organization and se cu rity......................... Job secu rity........................................................... Plant adm inistration.............................................. Other working conditions..................................... Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ......................... Not reported.......................................................... 862.5 14.5 33.9 .9 34.0 36.5 197.9 176.8 14.7 23.9 2.9 775.2 11.8 29.9 .7 24.7 29.2 167.9 68.8 6.5 5.1 .7 54.8 .8 .3 .1 1.1 2.9 8.0 10.8 2.4 .5 .9 1.1 2.2 2.3 1.6 8.0 49.3 .5 16.0 3.3 .3 1.0 3.4 1.2 23.7 .4 .5 4.9 1.2 .3 2.0 1.3 (2 ) 2.1 All issues............................................................. 33,824.5 29,613.3 1,341.0 General wage changes........................................ Supplementary b e n e fits....................................... Wage adjustm ents................................................ Hours of work ....................................................... Other contractual matters ................................... Union organization and s e c u rity......................... Job se cu rity........................................................... Plant adm inistration.............................................. Other working conditions..................................... Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ......................... Not re ported.......................................................... 22,284.0 233.3 1,430.1 14.0 730.4 804.6 3,299.9 4,801.6 111.3 79.6 35.7 19,799.8 202.9 1,406.8 12.6 508.6 472.0 2,810.4 4,272.5 74.6 43.2 9.9 926.3 13.7 6.8 .3 8.3 53.4 276.5 46.1 6.5 1.7 1.2 W orkers involved - - 0 (2 ) (2) .4 .1 .4 .5 1.3 1.6 8.6 3.8 1.5 “ .2 11.6 37.1 (2 ) .7 340.7 279.6 102.7 158.5 1,988.7 23.3 4.7 4.3 114.5 1.9 1.1 1.1 40.1 45.9 23.2 39.4 10.1 2.4 - 8.5 58.2 .4 2.7 1,353.5 9.6 8.4 142.0 210.9 40.1 191.4 0 0 (2) .1 - (2) Days idle 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4, and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. - 4.4 9.8 74.8 190.0 .5 28.8 - - 1.3 10.4 18.3 60.7 .1 3.4 - - 25.7 2.2 56.6 1.4 10.7 - .6 8.8 (2 ) 24.0 2 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 83 Table 31. Work stoppages by industry group and type of settlement, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Formal settlement reached Industry group Total All issues resolved Procedure for handling unresolved issues No formal settlement reached . Short protest or sympathy strike Strike broken Work resumed under court injunction Employer out of business No infor mation S toppages ending in year All industries......................................................... 2 3,939 2,924 230 239 138 24 27 357 Manufacturing ......................................................... 2 1,847 1,492 87 5 65 3 14 181 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco manufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 3 ............................................................ _ _ _ _ _ 125 27 25 2 - 2 - - 9 2 _ - _ 162 34 37 12 2 4 12 _ 4 6 Lumber and wood products, except fu rn itu re....... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries............... Chemicals and allied p ro d u c ts................................ 74 61 69 34 94 51 53 59 28 76 3 3 3 2 8 1 - 3 1 1 2 - _ - Petroleum refining and related industries.............. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products........ Leather and leather p ro d u cts.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 23 62 8 124 163 21 54 7 95 137 1 3 7 4 _ _ _ _ - 1 4 N 3 1 - 2 2 1 4 1 15 17 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except ele c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies..... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ind u s trie s ................ 288 279 145 119 28 47 235 230 118 93 25 37 9 9 6 7 3 1 _ 5 15 12 6 1 - 3 1 2 35 23 8 11 Nonmanufacturing .................................................. 2 2,097 1,437 143 1 1 - 1 - 1 1 - 15 4 5 2 10 - - - _ - - 1 - - 8 234 73 21 13 176 _ _ _ Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services .................................................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 23 297 284 13 44 241 4 12 18 228 1 3 4 11 1 7 - 250 424 178 322 13 17 1 1 16 20 6 - 7 3 29 61 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 22 270 528 17 191 432 1 26 52 1 13 5 3 4 1 2 “ 2 34 33 See footnotes at end of table. 84 _ 1 2 _ - 3 8 6 Table 31. Continued—Work stoppages by industry group and type of settlement, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Formal settlement reached Industry group Total All issues resolved No formal settlement reached Procedure for handling unresolved issues Short protest or sympathy strike Strike broken Work resumed under court injunction Employer out of business No infor mation W orkers involved All industries......................................................... 2 1,398.3 1120.7 81.8 81.9 21.8 53.1 2.4 36.5 Manufacturing ......................................................... 2 494.9 435.4 18.6 1.7 16.1 .6 1.8 20.7 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, etc. 3 ............................................................ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30.8 5.4 2.0 3.5 .9 .1 .4 - .2 .3 _ .1 - _ 36.7 6.6 3.0 .1 - 1.6 .2 .6 Lumber and wood products, except furniture ....... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries............... Chemicals and allied p ro d u cts................................ 10.9 15.2 20.0 7.8 10.8 8.1 13.5 18.1 7.1 9.4 .4 .2 .3 .4 1.0 Petroleum refining and related industries.............. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products........ Leather and leather products.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 65.3 8.6 3.2 15.4 44.4 65.2 7.7 3.1 12.3 39.9 0.1 .7 .5 .4 Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except e le c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and sup plies..... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ 50.0 74.8 46.5 63.7 5.6 6.3 45.2 67.0 36.1 53.9 5.3 5.2 .8 1.9 .7 6.3 .3 .1 Nonm anufacturing.................................................. 2 903.4 685.3 Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... Mining ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services .................................................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 8.6 115.2 319.8 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ - .4 .1 (7 ) .1 - _ - _ - - - - - 1.9 1.4 1.5 .2 .3 0.1 .7 0.3 - _ 0.2 .6 (7 ) 0.1 .2 1.9 2.9 1.2 - .4 3.9 7.7 1.4 .7 .2 - .4 .2 .2 - 3.1 1.7 .7 2.0 .3 63.1 80.2 5.7 52.5 .6 15.8 5.5 29.9 593.4 1.9 4.4 9.4 79.2 .1 .4 .1 .6 .3 14.7 - .7 1.4 1.6 94.8 62.7 54.0 55.5 1.4 1.4 .3 .1 .4 2.8 34.9 - .3 .1 3.4 2.7 1.1 75.8 225.5 .9 68.8 177.3 O 3.1 41.5 (7 ) .5 (7 ) .8 .5 _ .4 2.2 (7 ) .3 “ .2 2.4 3.5 See footnotes at end of table. - 85 (7 ) - - 0 (7 ) (7 ) _ (7 ) Table 31. Continued— Work stoppages by industry group and type of settlement, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Formal settlement reached Industry group Total All issues resolved No formal settlement reached Procedure for handling unresolved issues Short protest or sympathy strike Strike broken Work resumed under court injunction Employer out of business No infor mation Days idle All industries......................................................... 2 33,824.5 29,613.3 1,341.0 340.7 279.6 102.7 158.5 1,988.7 Manufacturing ......................................................... 2 18,639.4 16,461.0 524.3 11.0 138.8 12.0 135.6 1,356.8 Ordnance and accessories...................................... Food and kindred products ..................................... Tobacco m anufactures............................................. Textile mill products.................................................. Apparel, e tc .3 ............................................................ _ 872.5 288.8 80.8 _ 616.2 100.4 52.4 _ 62.3 171.5 4.8 _ .4 - _ 8.4 2.3 _ 8.7 - _ 11.1 - 174.0 8.2 21.3 Lumber and wood products, except fu rn itu re ....... Furniture and fixtures ............................................... Paper and allied products........................................ Printing, publishing, and allied industries............... Chemicals and allied p ro d u cts................................ 453.8 310.2 698.1 133.8 551.3 236.6 231.9 590.1 92.4 506.1 1.7 9.3 8.6 16.5 31.5 7.4 - 43.1 7.4 - 1.1 1.7 Petroleum refining and related industries.............. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products........ Leather and leather products.................................. Stone, clay, and glass products.............................. Primary metal industries........................................... 3,780.0 231.0 42.7 358.6 1,779.8 3,777.4 213.3 39.0 219.3 1,603.2 .5 14.8 4.0 6.1 _ Fabricated metal products 4 .................................... Machinery, except ele c tric a l.................................... Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies..... Transportation equipm ent........................................ Instruments, etc. 5 ..................................................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ................ 1,474.3 3,235.3 790.2 3,150.3 191.8 216.2 1,144.7 3,059.3 723.3 2,890.4 182.1 182.6 28.4 95.6 5.2 53.0 9.7 .6 _ .7 2.5 - Nonm anufacturing.................................................. ' 1 15,185.0 2 3 13,152.4 0 2.6 - - - 163.7 61.5 97.8 22.4 13.7 _ _ 7.1 18.2 2.1 2.7 3.7 125.3 148.4 - - _ .2 1.5 3.8 1.3 2.0 - 58.9 18.0 19.4 - - 4.8 24.1 11.2 14.0 15.4 - 235.3 37.6 48.1 173.5 17.5 816.7 329.7 140.8 90.7 22.9 631.9 - - - Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e rie s.......................... M in in g ......................................................................... Contract construction ............................................... Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services .................................................... Wholesale and retail tra d e ....................................... 111.4 1,876.2 4,716.8 53.6 1,533.2 4,336.3 16.6 18.3 323.9 307.8 .2 6.2 4.3 5.6 _ 1.7 42.2 _ - 35.1 11.0 8.6 1,388.4 1,604.1 1,024.9 1,481.5 17.7 19.5 13.1 .3 40.0 27.7 41.8 - 9.0 1.7 241.9 73.5 Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ....................... S ervices...................................................................... G overnm ent6 ............................................................ 35.0 2,760.8 2,692.5 25.1 2,433.8 2,264.1 1.0 59.9 359.9 6.8 1.5 4.5 49.8 2.8 1.1 3.9 1.5 10.7 - 2.8 198.8 60.2 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4, and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 The number of stoppages reported for a major industry group or division may not equal the sum of its components because individual stoppages occurring in two or more groups are counted in each. Workers involved and days idle are allocated among the respective groups. 3 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and similar _ _ materials. 4 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. 5 Includes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks. 6 The identification of a work stoppage in this study is not a legal determination that a work stoppage has violated law or public policy. 7 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 86 Table 32. Work stoppages by contract status and procedure for handling unsettled issues, 1980 1 (Workers and days idle in thousands) Stoppages ending in year Contract status and procedure for handling unsettled issues Stoppages Days idle Workers involved Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent All stoppages 1 ....................................................... 2 A rbitration................................................................... Direct negotiations.................................................... Referral to a government a g ency........................... M ediation.................................................................... Factfinding ................................................................. Other procedures...................................................... Combinations of the above procedures................. 129 27 45 21 13 5 17 1 100.0 20.9 34.9 16.3 10.1 3.9 13.2 .8 101.2 48.8 41.4 2.5 1.2 2.9 4.0 .4 100.0 48.2 40.9 2.5 1.2 2.8 3.9 .4 1,026.5 404.4 457.1 28.2 23.6 45.8 66.5 .8 100.0 39.4 44.5 2.8 2.3 4.5 6.5 .1 Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition .............................................................. A rbitration................................................................ Direct negotiations ................................................. Referral to a government a g e n c y ........................ M ediation................................................................. Factfinding............................................................... Other procedures ................................................... Combinations of the above procedures.............. 23 1 5 9 5 3 - 17.8 .8 3.9 7.0 3.9 2.3 - 1.9 .2 .7 .7 .3 .1 - 1.9 .2 .7 .7 .3 .1 - 38.3 11.0 6.5 5.0 14.2 1.6 - 3.7 1.1 .6 .5 1.4 .2 - Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening)............................................................... A rbitration................................................................ Direct negotiations ................................................. Referral to a government a g e n c y ........................ M ediation................................................................. Factfinding............................................................... Other procedures ................................................... Combinations of the above procedures.............. 71 18 28 7 6 4 7 1 55.0 14.0 21.7 5.4 4.7 3.1 5.4 .8 55.7 36.6 11.5 1.3 .4 2.8 2.6 .4 55.1 36.2 11.4 1.3 .4 2.8 2.6 .4 874.1 345.0 405.4 18.6 8.8 45.7 49.8 .8 85.2 33.6 39.5 1.8 .9 4.5 4.8 .1 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved)............................... Arbitration ................................................................ Direct negotiations ................................................. Referral to a government a g e n c y ........................ M ediation................................................................. Factfinding............................................................... Other procedures................................................... Combinations of the above procedures.............. 28 8 * 9 3 1 7 - 21.7 6.2 7.0 2.3 .8 5.4 - 43.3 12.0 29.0 .6 .4 1.3 - 42.8 11.8 28.7 .6 .4 1.3 - 103.4 48.5 36.2 3.1 .4 15.1 - 0 0 No contract or other contract s ta tu s ...................... A rbitration................................................................ Direct negotiations ................................................. Referral to a government a g e n c y ........................ M ediation................................................................. Factfinding............................................................... Other procedures ................................................... Combinations of the above procedures.............. 2 _ 2 - No information on contract s ta tu s .......................... Arbitration ................................................................ Direct negotiations ................................................. Referral to a government a g e n c y ........................ M ediation................................................................. Factfinding............................................................... Other procedures ................................................... Combinations of the above procedures.............. 1.6 - 1.6 - - 3.9 .8 1.6 .8 .8 - 1 2 1 1 - - 1 Totals in this table differ from those in tables 1, 2, 4, and 6-24 because these stoppages ended during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 Excludes stoppages on which there was no information on unsettled issues or no agreement on a procedure for handling these issues. _ - 10.1 4.7 3.5 .3 (3 ) 1.5 (3 ) (3 ) - _ - - - - - - - - - - - .2 .1 - 5 _ - - (3 ) 0 .3 _ .3 - ' .2 .1 10.5 8.7 1.6 .1 .1 - 1.0 _ .8 .2 (3 ) (3 ) (4 ) (4 ) 0 - (3) (3 ) 0 - - 3 Less than 0.05 precent. 4 Fewer than 50. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no data were reported. 87 Appendix" Se©p@s Definition©, and Method© sy a @ th ® d s ployment and idleness as a percent of total working time, the following employment figures have been used: From 1927 to 1950, all employed workers were in cluded in the base, except those in occupations and pro fessions in which little, if any, union organization ex isted or in which stoppages rarely, if ever, occurred. In most industries, all wage and salary workers were included in total employment except those in executive, managerial, or high supervisory positions, or those per forming professional work the nature of which made union organization or group action unlikely. This meas ure of employment also excluded all self-employed per sons; domestic workers; workers on farms employing fewer than six persons; all Federal and State govern ment employees; and officials, both elected and appoint ed, in local government. From 1951 to 1966, the Bureau’s estimates of total employment in nonagricultural establishments, exclu sive of government, were used as a base. Days of idle ness computed on the basis of nonagricultural employ ment (exclusive of government) usually differed by less than one-tenth of a percentage point from that obtained by the former method, while the percentage of work ers idle (compared with total employment) differed by about five-tenths of a point. For example, the percent age of workers idle during 1950 computed on the base used for the earlier years was 6.9, and the percentage for days of idleness was 0.44, compared with 6.3 and 0.40, respectively, computed on the new base. From 1967 to 1973, two estimates of employment were used, one based on the wage and salary workers in the civilian work force, and the other on those in the pri vate nonfarm sector.1 The new private nonfarm series closely approximated the former BLS series which, as noted, excluded government and agricultural workers from employment totals, but accounted for idleness by such workers while on strike. The old method had re sulted in an increasingly distorted measure of the se verity of strikes; the likely growth of strike activity among government and farmworkers would have dis torted the measure even more in the future. The “total economy” measure of strike idleness now included gov ernment and agricultural workers in its employment count as well as in the computation of idleness ratios, The relative measures. In computing the number of workers involved in strikes as a percent of total em 'For further information, see ‘“Total Economy’ Measure o f Strike Idleness,” M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , October 1968, pp. 54-56. Se@ p@ It is the purpose of this statistical series to report all work stoppages in the United States that involve six workers or more and continue for the equivalent of a full day or shift or longer. DefSnstteos Strike or lockout. A strike is defined as a temporary stoppage of work by a group of employees (not neces sarily members of a union) to express a grievance or enforce a demand. A lockout is a temporary withhold ing or denial of employment during a labor dispute to enforce terms of employment upon a group of employ ees. Because of the complexity of most labor-manage ment disputes, the Bureau makes no attempt to distin guish between strikes and lockouts in its statistics; both types are included in the term “work stoppage” and are used interchangeably. The terms “dispute,” “labormanagement disputes,” and “walkout” are also used interchangeably. Workers and idleness. The figures on the number of “workers involved” and “days idle” include all work ers made idle for one shift or longer in establishments directly involved in a stoppage. They do not account for secondary idleness—that is, the effects of a stoppage on other establishments or industries whose employees may be made idle as a result of material or service shortages. The total number of workers involved in strikes in a given year may include double counting of individual workers if they were involved in more than one stop page during that year. (Thus, in 1977, the Bureau re corded some 650,000 bituminous coal and lignite min ing workers as participating in strikes, while 214,000 workers were employed in the industry.) In some prolonged stoppages, the total days of idle ness are estimated if the number of workers idle each day is not known. Significant changes in the number of workers idle are secured from the parties for use in computing days of idleness. 88 in addition, for a few communities historically includ ed in the strike series before the current list of areas was compiled. Information is published only for those areas in which at least five stoppages were recorded during the year. Since 1974, stoppages occurring in more than one metropolitan area in an SCA have been counted only once for the SCA. To obtain data comparable with earlier years, the number of strikes in an SCA can be calculated by summing the strikes in the component metropolitan areas. Some metropolitan areas include counties in more than one State, and hence, statistics for an area may occasionally equal or exceed totals for the State in which the major city is located. Stoppages in the mining and logging industries are excluded from metropolitan area data but are reported by industry and State. but excluded forestry, fishery, and private household workers from the base. To facilitate comparisons over time, the figure for the total economy had been carried back to 1939 (table 1). The “private nonagricultural” measure excluded agricultural and government work ers from employment totals and these groups were also removed from strike figures in arriving at a percentage of nonagricultural working time idle. Beginning in 1974, government workers have been added to employment and idleness ratios (table 21). The differences in the various measures are illustrated in appendix table 1 in which the components of each measure and and the methods of computations are set forth. “Estimated working time” is computed by multiply ing the average employment for the year by the num ber of days typically worked by most employed work ers during that year. In these computations, Saturdays (when customarily not worked), Sundays, and estab lished Federal holidays are excluded.2 Unions involved. For this purpose, the union is the or ganization whose contract was involved or which has taken active leadership in the stoppage. Disputes in volving more than one union are classified as jurisdic tional or rival union disputes or as involving coopera ting unions. If unorganized workers strike, a separate classification is used. However, the tabulations of “workers involved” include all who are made idle for one shift or longer in establishments directly involved in the dispute, including members of other unions and nonunion workers. Information is presented by major affiliation of the union; i.e., AFL-CIO, or, if there is no affiliation, by the designations “independent,” “single firm,” “no union,” or “employee association.” Duration. Although only workdays are used in com puting total days of idleness, duration is expressed in calendar days, including nonworking days. State data. Stoppages occurring in more than one State are listed separately in each State affected. The work ers and days of idleness are allocated among each of the affected States.3The procedures outlined in the sec tion on relative measures also have been used in pre paring estimates of idleness by State, except that agricultural employees are excluded from the employ ment base. Sources ©f Information Metropolitan area data. Information is tabulated sepa rately for Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA’s) and Standard Consolidated Areas (SCA’s) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget and, Occurrence of strikes. Information on the actual or probable existence of work stoppages is collected from a number of sources. Clippings on labor disputes are obtained from a comprehensive coverage of daily and weekly newspapers throughout the country. Informa tion also is received regularly from the Federal Medi ation and Conciliation Service. Other sources of infor mation include State boards of mediation and arbitra tion; research divisions of State labor departments; 2For example, the total economy figure for 1980 was computed by multiplying the average employment for the year by the number of working days (92,041,000 x 253 = 23,286,373,000) and dividing this figure into the total number o f days o f idleness. 3The same procedure is followed in allocating data on stoppages occurring in more than one industry, industry group, or metropolitan area. A p p e n d ix t a b le 1. M e th o d s o f c o m p u tin g r e la tiv e m e a s u r e s o f id le n e s s Com ponent E m ploym ent....................................... Estim ated w orking t i m e ................. Days of idleness as a percent of estim ated total w orking tim e . . . Total econom y measure E stablishm ent series plus wage and salaried farm workers. Above em ploym ent tim e s w orking days. N onagricultural secto r measure Private no nagricultural secto r measure E stablishm ent series. E stablishm ent series less governm ent. Above em ploym ent tim es w orking days. Above em ploym ent tim es w orking days. Total idleness less farm ^ i n n Above w orkin g tim e Total idleness ~-|00 Above w orking tim e ' 89 Total idleness less farm and governm ent „ ^ Above w orking tim e local offices of State employment security agencies; and trade and union journals. Some employer associations, companies, and unions also furnish the Bureau with work stoppage information on a voluntary cooperative basis, either as stoppages occur or periodically. Respondents to questionnaire. A questionnaire is mailed to each of the parties reported as involved in work stoppages to obtain information on the number of work ers involved, duration, major issues, location, method of settlement, and other pertinent information. Limitations o f data. Although the Bureau seeks to ob tain complete coverage, i.e., a “census” of all strikes involving six workers or more and lasting a full shift or more, information is undoubtedly missing on some strikes involving small numbers of workers. Presum ably, these missing strikes do not substantially affect the number of workers and days of idleness reported. To improve the completeness of the count of stop pages, the Bureau has constantly sought to develop new sources of information on the probable existence of stoppages. Over the years, these sources have probably increased the number of strikes recorded, but have had little effect on the number of workers or total idleness. As new agencies or organizations having knowledge of the existence of work stoppages are established or iden tified, every effort is made by the Bureau to establish cooperative arrangements. ■fr U.S. G O V E R N M E N T PRINTING OFFICE : 1 9 8 2 0 — 361 - 2 7 0 (4905) Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices Region B V 1371 Peachtree Street, N.E. Atlanta, Ga. 30367 Phone: (404) 881-4418 Regions VSl and V S SS 911 Walnut Street Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: (816) 374-2481 Region IS Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: (212) 944-3121 Region V 9th Floor Federal Office Building 230 S. Dearborn Street Chicago, III. 60604 Phone: (312) 353-1880 Regions IX and X 450 Golden Gate Avenue Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: (415) 556-4678 Region B IS 3535 Market Street P.O. 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