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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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Report 1081

A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16
Since 1992, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) has reported numbers and rates of cases of nonfatal
occupational injuries and illnesses resulting in workers taking days away from work, workers taking days of
job transfer or restriction, and other case types. However, the details reported for the case circumstances
(such as the type of injury) and worker characteristics (such as the age of the worker) were collected solely
for cases resulting in days away from work. For days of job transfer or restriction cases, only industry-level
summary statistics were reported. Over time, cases of job transfer or restriction have become more
prevalent. In 1992, an estimated 622,300 days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases accounted for 21 percent
of the total days away from work, restricted activity, or job transfer (DART) cases. (See chart 1.) In 2016,
an estimated 655,600 days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases accounted for 42 percent of the total DART
cases. The total number of DART cases in 2016 has decreased from the number reported in 1992 primarily
due to a decrease in the number of days-away-from-work cases.
To learn more about case circumstances and worker characteristics for occupational injuries and illnesses
that resulted in days of job transfer or work restriction, BLS conducted a pilot study. The initial study,
focusing on six private industry subsectors, began with the collection of 2011–13 data (https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/archive/
a-pilot-study-of-job-transfer-or-work-restriction-cases-2011-2013.pdf ).1 A new set of six industries was selected for collection from 2014 through 2016.2 These six
industry subsectors included:
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
General merchandise stores
Couriers and messengers
Waste management and remediation services
Hospitals
Accommodation
This new study compares the case circumstances and worker characteristics of injuries and illnesses that require days away from work (DAFW) to recuperate and
those that lead to days of job transfer or restriction only (DJTR) without time away from work for these industries.3 Industry subsectors that had relatively high
incidence rates and case counts of DJTR were selected so that meaningful comparisons could be made to cases resulting in DAFW.

Chart 1. Case counts of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses, by private industry
1992–2016
Thousands of cases

Days away from work

3,500

Days of job transfer or work restriction

Recordkeeping change

3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

Click legend items to change data display. Hover over chart to view data.
Note: Occupational Safety and Health Administration revised their recordkeeping rule that took effect January 1, 2002.
https://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_RecordkeepingFacts/RKfactsheet1.pdf
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

View Chart Data
For this pilot study, establishments in six selected private industry subsectors were asked to provide details from injuries and illnesses cases that led only to job
transfer or restricted work in addition to the normally collected information on DAFW cases. Integrating the pilot study into the Survey of Occupational Injuries
and Illnesses (SOII) ensured that survey questions related to DJTR cases are the same questions that are asked for DAFW cases. This information includes details
about the type of event or exposure leading to the injury or illness, including related equipment or substances; the type of injury or illness, the part of body
affected; and various characteristics of the injured or ill worker such as occupation, age, and sex.4
Three types of cases are discussed in this report to give context to the magnitudes and rates of occupational injuries and illnesses:
DART Days away from work, days of restricted work activity or job transfer
DJTR Days of job transfer or restriction (only)
DAFW Days away from work (with or without days of job transfer or restriction)

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DART cases are the sum of DJTR and DAFW components. That is, DART = DJTR + DAFW.

Highlights
Generally, DJTR cases are considered less severe than DAFW cases. In some industry subsectors, the type of injury or part of body affected may influence whether
or not a case results in days away from work or in job transfer or restriction. The occupational mix in a given subsector, or the age of the worker, may also affect
the case type. Some general highlights include the following:
The DJTR incidence rates were essentially the same in 2016 as in 2014 for cases in general merchandise stores, waste management and remediation
services, and accommodation industry subsectors. (See chart 2 and table 6a, 6b, and 6c.)
In the beverage and tobacco product manufacturing and hospitals industry subsectors, the respective DJTR incidence rates were lower in 2016 than they
were in 2014. The 2016 DJTR incidence rate was higher in 2016 than in 2014 for couriers and messengers. (See chart 2 and table 6a, 6b, and 6c.)
The DAFW incidence rates were lower in 2016 than they were in 2014 for waste management and remediation; accommodations; beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing; and hospitals. (See chart 2 and table 6a, 6b, and 6c.)
In beverage and tobacco product manufacturing, injuries and illnesses sustained by workers in age groups 25 to 44 more often resulted in DJTR cases than
DAFW cases in 2016; however, for older age groups, there were either an equal or greater number of DAFW cases than DJTR cases. (See table 2a.)

Chart 2. Incidence rates of occupational injuries and illnesses resulting in days away from work
and days of job transfer or restriction, selected private industry subsectors, 2014–16
2014 DAFW

2015 DAFW

2016 DAFW

2014 DJTR

2015 DJTR

2016 DJTR

Waste management
and remediation
services

Hospitals

Accommodation

Incidence rate per 10,000 FTE workers
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing

General
merchandise stores

Couriers and
messengers

Click legend items to change data display. Hover over chart to view data.
Note: DJTR = Days of job transfer or work restriction. DAFW = Days away from work. FTE = Full-time equivalent worker.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

View Chart Data
In 2016, the most prevalent nature of injury or illness was sprains, strains, and tears for both DJTR and DAFW cases across all six industry subsectors. (See
tables 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b.)
Across all six industry subsectors, fractures and injuries to the head occurred at higher incidence rates of DAFW cases than DJTR cases. (See chart 3, and
tables 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b.)
Although the DJTR and DAFW rates were essentially the same for couriers and messengers, the 2016 DJTR rate for hand injuries was greater than that for
the DAFW rate. (See chart 3 and table 3a and 3b.)
Within the couriers and messengers industry subsector there were a greater number of DAFW cases than DJTR cases that occurred to motor vehicle
operators in 2016, while there were a greater number of DJTR cases than DAFW cases that occurred to material-moving workers.

Chart 3. Incidence rates of occupational injuries and illnesses to the head and hands resulting in
days away from work and days of job transfer or restriction, selected private industry subsectors,
2016
DAFW Head

DJTR Head

DAFW Hand(s)

DJTR Hand(s)

Incidence rate per 10,000 FTE workers
40

30

20

10

0
Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing

General
merchandise stores

Couriers and
messengers

Waste management
and remediation
services

Hospitals

Accommodation

Click legend items to change data display. Hover over chart to view data.
Note: DJTR = Days of job transfer or work restriction. DAFW = Days away from work. FTE = Full-time equivalent worker.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

View Chart Data

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The following sections highlight additional distinctions between injuries resulting in DAFW and DJTR by industry subsector.

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
In the beverage and tobacco product manufacturing industry subsector, there were 4,280 DJTR cases in 2016 compared with 2,690 DAFW cases. The incidence
rate of cases with days of job transfer or restriction was 196.6 per 10,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers. (See table 3a.) The median days of job transfer or
restriction were 14 days in 2016, 12 days in 2015, and 14 days in 2014. (See tables 1a, 3a, and 7.)
In 2016, there were 3,720 DART cases that resulted from sprains, strains, and tears and occurred at a rate of 170.9 cases per 10,000 FTE workers. The incidence
rate of sprains, strains, and tears was higher for DJTR cases at 111.9 per 10,000 FTE workers, compared with 59.0 for DAFW cases. (See tables 5a and 6a.)
Fractures accounted for 5 percent (360 cases) of the DART cases in beverage and tobacco product manufacturing and occurred at a rate of 16.4 cases per 10,000
FTE workers in 2016. The incidence rate of fractures was higher for DAFW cases at 12.1, compared with 4.3 for DJTR cases, despite the total rate of DAFW cases
being lower than the rate of DJTR cases in this industry subsector.
Cases involving certain parts of the body also had observable patterns. Injuries to the back and the hands tended to have higher rates of DJTR, with a rate of 49.1
for back injuries, compared with a rate of 26.1 for DAFW cases in 2016. Similarly, injuries to the hands resulted in a DJTR rate of 35.0, compared with 14.7 for
DAFW cases. This contrasts with higher DAFW rates for head injuries, for which the rate was 9.2, compared with a rate of 2.4 for DJTR cases. (See table 3a.)
Seventy percent of the DART cases in the beverage and tobacco product manufacturing industry occurred to production workers (2,010) and transportation and
material-moving workers (2,850). There was a greater number of cases that resulted in DJTR than in DAFW for both occupations. (See table 2a.)
Sixty-eight percent of the DART cases in 2016 occurred to workers aged 25 to 54. Among these cases, those that occurred to workers between the ages of 25 to
44 more often resulted in DJTR cases (2,420) than DAFW (1,140). However, for workers in age group 45 to 54, there were a greater number of DAFW cases (690)
than DJTR cases (500) in 2016. For the oldest age groups, there were essentially the same number of DJTR and DAFW cases in 2016. (See chart 4 and table 2a.)

Chart 4. Number of occupational injuries and illnesses resulting in days away from work and days
of job transfer or restriction, by age group, beverage and tobacco product manufacturing industry,
2016
Number of cases

Days away from work case

Days of job transfer or work restriction cases

1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
16–19 years

20–24 years

25–34 years

35–44 years

45–54 years

55–64 years

65+ years

Click legend items to change data display. Hover over chart to view data.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

View Chart Data

General merchandise stores
In 2016 there were 36,010 injuries and illnesses that resulted in DJTR cases in general merchandise stores, which was greater than the 25,340 total number of
DAFW cases reported in this industry subsector. The rate of DJTR cases was 158.4 per 10,000 full-time workers. (See table 3a.) The median days of job transfer or
restriction were 18 days in 2016, one more day than the 17 in 2015, and one less than the 19 days in 2014. (See tables 1a, 3a, and 7.)
There were 30,000 sprains, strains, and tears in 2016, which resulted in an incidence rate of 132.0 cases per 10,000 full-time employees. (See tables 1a and 3a.)
The DJTR rate for sprains, strains, and tears in 2016 exceeded that for DAFW, 84.9 compared with 47.1, respectively. These cases made up 54 percent of the total
DJTR cases.
Incidences of cuts and lacerations followed a similar pattern, in which DJTR cases occurred at a rate of 16.4 percent of all cases and DAFW cases occurred at a
rate of 11.2 percent, in 2016. Cases resulting from fractures resulted in higher rates of DAFW cases, 8.1, as compared to DJTR cases at 6.5. (See table 3a.)
Injuries to the back and the hands resulted in higher rates of DJTR cases than DAFW in 2016. Similarly, injuries to the hands resulted in a DJTR rate of 24.5
percent, versus 10.8 percent for DAFW cases. However, injuries to the head resulted in a lower DJTR rate of 7.4, compared with 14.7 percent for the DAFW rate.
(See table 3a.)

Couriers and messengers
Couriers and messengers had 12,400 cases with days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) in 2016, an increase from the 9,150 cases reported in 2014. (See table 5
b.) The total number of DJTR and DAFW cases were essentially the same in 2016. The rate of DJTR cases in 2016 was 267.1, compared with 281.6 percent for
DAFW cases. The median days of job transfer or restriction for the courier and messenger subsector was 16 days, compared with 17 days in 2015 and 16 days in
2014. (See tables 1a, 3a, and 7.)
In 2016, 47 percent (11,940 cases) of the DART cases for couriers and messengers resulted from sprains, strains, and tears at a rate of 257.4 per 10,000 FTE
workers. The rate of sprains, strains, and tears cases was 137.2 for DJTR and 120.1 for DAFW. (See tables 5b and 6b.)
Cuts and lacerations in 2016 occurred at a rate of 11.3 for DJTR, higher than the rate of 7.8 for DAFW. Workers who sustained fractures had a higher rate for
injuries and illnesses resulting in DAFW, with a rate of 21.6, compared with 11.9 for DJTR.
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About a quarter (5,750 cases) of the reported DART cases to couriers and messengers were the result of injuries to the back in 2016, resulting in an incidence rate
of 124.0. The DJTR incidence rate (64.6) for back injuries was essentially the same as the DAFW rate (59.3). Injuries to the hands resulting in DJTR occurred at a
rate of 30.6 cases per 10,000 full-time employees, compared with the rate of 18.2 for DAFW in 2016. Conversely, knee and head injuries were more likely to result
in DAFW than DJTR cases. (See table 3a.)
Job transfer or restriction cases resulting from falls, slips, and trips occurred at a rate of 43.2; the DAFW rate was greater at 61.5. The rate of DJTR cases resulting
from overexertion from lifting or lowering increased each year from 2014 (39.5) to 2016 (59.5). (See table 6b.)
Motor vehicle operators and material-moving workers composed almost 90 percent for all case types within the subsector. In 2016, material-moving workers
incurred 6,240 DJTR cases and 4,710 DAFW cases, while motor vehicle operators were reversed in their distribution, with 4,840 DJTR cases and 7,000 DAFW
cases. (See chart 5.)
Motor vehicle operators took 41 median days away from work or 17 days of job transfer or restriction before returning to work (or their previous nonrestricted
duties). Material-moving workers required 16 median days for both DAFW and DJTR case types.

Chart 5. Number of occupational injuries and illnesses resulting days away from work and days of
job transfer or restriction, by selected occupations for couriers and messengers, 2014–16
Days away from work case

Number of cases

Days of job transfer or work restriction cases

10,000

7,500

5,000

2,500

0
2014

2015

2016

2014

Motor Vehicle Operators

2015

2016

Material Moving Workers

Click legend items to change data display. Hover over chart to view data.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

View Chart Data

Waste management and remediation services
There were 3,950 days of DJTR cases in the waste management and remediation services industry subsector in 2016 (essentially unchanged from 2015 and
2014), fewer than the reported 6,710 DAFW cases that year. (See table 3.) The DJTR rate in 2016 was 97.9, less than the DAFW rate of 166.2. The median days of
job transfer or restriction varied from a low of 9 days in 2015 to a high of 12 days in 2016. (See tables 1b, 3b, and 7.)
Of the 4,810 DART cases of sprains, strains, and tears in 2016, 2,280 resulted in DJTR and 2,530 resulted in DAFW, at a rate of 56.4 and 62.7, respectively. (See t
able 1) These overall counts and rates were essentially equal to each other. However, the rate of injuries due to cuts and lacerations resulting in DAFW occurred at
a rate of 17.3, compared with a rate of 10.1 for DJTR. Fractures resulting in DAFW also had a higher rate of 17.7 in 2016, compared with 4.7 for DJTR. (See tables
5b and 6b.)
Back injuries accounted for 20 percent (2,110 cases) of the 10,660 DART cases in the waste management and remediation services industry subsector in 2016,
and hand injuries accounted for another 13 percent (1,350 cases). As with other industries discussed in this report, cases involving the head occurred at a higher
DAFW rate (9.2) than DJTR (2.8). (See tables 1b and 3b.)
In 2016, transportation and material-moving workers had the highest number of DART cases, which accounted for about 74 percent of the cases in this industry.
Thirty-eight percent of the injuries to transportation and material-moving workers resulted in DJTR rather than DAFW cases. (See tables 2b and 5b.)

Hospitals
There were 38,860 DJTR injuries and illnesses in hospitals during 2016, fewer than the reported 52,190 DAFW cases in that year. The DJTR rate was 100.0 per
10,000 full-time workers in 2016, down from 103.0 in 2014. (See table 6c.) The median days of DJTR were 14 days in 2014 and 15 days in 2015 and 2016. (See t
ables 1b, 3b, and 7.)
There were fewer DJTR cases (24,710) resulting from sprain, strains, and tears than DAFW cases (26,290) in 2016, and the incidence rate was lower as well (63.6
and 67.6, respectively). (See tables 1b, 3b, and 5c.) Cuts and lacerations occurred at a lower rate of DJTR cases than DAFW (2.5, compared with 3.0) and
fractures followed the overall established pattern of having a lower DJTR rate at 1.8, compared with 7.5 for DAFW cases. (See table 3b.)
Injuries to the back accounted for 27 percent of the 91,050 DART cases in the hospital industry subsector in 2016. Injuries to the back occurred at higher rates of
DAFW (34.0) than DJTR (29.4). Head injuries also occurred at higher rates of DAFW with 9.1, compared with 1.6 for DJTR. Injuries to hands occurred at a rate of
10.3 for DAFW and 10.5 for DJTR, essentially the same. (See tables 1b and 3b.)
In 2016, healthcare practitioner and technician workers had the highest number of DART cases and accounted for 47 percent of the total DART cases in this
industry subsector. Of these, 24,170 resulted in DAFW and 18,680 resulted in DJTR. (See table 2b.)

Accommodation
In 2016, there were 17,420 DJTR cases in the accommodation industry subsector and 19,200 DAFW cases. The DJTR rate in 2016 was 114.9, down from 128.3 in
2015. The median of days of job transfer or restriction was 14 days in 2015 and 2016, which was up slightly from 12 days in 2014. (See tables 1b, 3b, and 7.)
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There were 7,410 DJTR cases resulting from sprains, strains, or tears, with an incidence rate of 48.8 cases in 2016. There were 6,650 DAFW injuries by
comparison. Similarly, DAFW cases occurred at a lower rate (43.9 cases) than DJTR cases (48.8 cases). Cuts and lacerations occurred at similar rates for DJTR and
DAFW (11.3 and 10.1), but fractures resulting in DAFW occurred at a rate of 7.4, greater than the DJTR rate of 2.3. (See tables 5c and 6c.)
Injuries to hands occurred at a higher DJTR rate (22.4) than DAFW rate (16.4), but injuries to the head occurred at a higher DAFW rate than DJTR rate (9.9,
compared with 3.3). (See table 3b.)
Service occupation workers (including building cleaning and food preparation and serving workers) in the accommodation industry subsector had the largest
number of DJTR cases for any major occupation group. There were 13,910 DJTR cases in 2016, compared to the next highest group, installation, maintenance,
and repair workers, who had 1,020 DJTR cases in 2016. In 2016, DJTR cases made up slightly fewer than half of the 29,180 DART cases for service workers, and
slightly fewer than half for installation, maintenance, and repair workers as well. (See table 2b.)

Notes
1

See BLS Report 1056 on Occupational Injuries and Illnesses: a pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2011-2013, https://www.bls.gov/opub/report
s/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/archive/a-pilot-study-of-job-transfer-or-work-restriction-cases-2011-2013.pdf
2

Industries are classified by the North American Industry Classification System, 2012 and include the following industry subsectors: 312 Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing; 452 General merchandise stores; 492 Couriers and messengers; 562 Waste management and remediation services; 622 Hospitals; and
721 Accommodation
3

Classified according to BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System (OIICS) manual 2.01. Includes categories for event or exposure; nature of injury

or illness; part of body; and source of injury or illness.
4 See the technical notes section at the end of this report for a detailed description of the source of these data and an explanation of the concepts and definitions

used.

Statistical Tables
Table 1a. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and case characteristics, private industry, 2016
[–]

Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing

Case characteristic

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Couriers and messengers

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

Total

6,970

2,690

4,280

61,350

25,340

36,010

25,470

13,070

12,400

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

3,350

1,100

2,250

24,400

8,640

15,760

12,380

5,890

6,480

3,720

1,280

2,430

30,000

10,710

19,290

11,940

5,580

6,370

Fractures

360

260

90

3,330

1,850

1,480

1,560

1,000

550

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

550

180

370

6,660

2,750

3,920

1,180

460

710

520

160

360

6,280

2,550

3,730

890

360

530

30

20

-

380

200

180

290

100

190

550

210

340

6,600

2,800

3,790

2,430

1,140

1,290

Heat (thermal) burns

90

30

60

270

110

160

-

-

-

Chemical burns and corrosions

40

20

20

70

50

20

-

-

-

Amputations

40

40

-

40

20

20

30

20

-

-

-

-

90

50

30

40

30

-

30

-

30

30

-

20

170

70

100

180

110

70

410

220

190

630

260

370

-

-

-

20

-

-

40

20

20

With sprains

150

80

70

170

60

110

400

150

250

Soreness, pain

590

230

360

7,280

3,110

4,170

3,980

2,130

1,850

Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears

Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions

Carpal tunnel syndrome
Tendonitis
Multiple traumatic injuries
With fractures

(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-orrestriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building
material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.
(5)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
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Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing

Case characteristic

DART(1)
All other

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Couriers and messengers

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

810

310

500

6,570

3,670

2,900

3,490

2,370

1,120

1,890

650

1,240

19,400

7,910

11,480

5,510

2,580

2,930

Struck by object or equipment

930

320

610

13,230

5,420

7,810

3,370

1,560

1,810

Struck against object or equipment

290

100

190

3,800

1,700

2,090

1,020

440

580

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

560

180

380

1,620

480

1,150

870

410

460

1,110

630

490

13,780

6,530

7,250

4,860

2,850

2,000

Fall to lower level

160

90

70

1,890

930

960

940

560

380

Fall on same level

620

380

230

10,060

4,860

5,200

2,520

1,450

1,060

Slips, trips without fall

320

150

160

1,690

710

990

1,270

760

510

3,480

1,150

2,330

25,420

9,320

16,100

13,030

6,330

6,700

1,250

400

860

10,920

3,920

7,000

5,150

2,390

2,760

250

80

170

1,170

450

710

440

210

230

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

200

110

90

1,070

670

400

390

270

120

Transportation incidents

250

140

110

500

270

230

1,080

820

260

100

60

40

130

70

60

710

510

200

-

-

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

20

-

-

870

490

380

430

160

270

Intentional injury by other person

-

-

-

310

190

130

50

30

20

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

-

-

-

330

200

130

20

-

-

Animal and insect related incidents

-

-

-

220

100

130

360

120

240

30

-

20

280

140

150

170

50

120

250

200

50

5,010

3,330

1,680

950

750

200

110

80

20

700

490

210

160

140

20

Neck

60

40

20

650

250

400

300

170

130

Trunk

2,040

740

1,310

15,530

6,340

9,190

7,360

3,620

3,740

1,640

570

1,070

12,040

4,800

7,240

5,750

2,750

3,000

2,510

740

1,770

21,860

7,040

14,810

7,730

3,520

4,210

Shoulder

600

170

430

5,920

2,110

3,810

2,450

1,240

1,210

Arm

530

120

420

4,190

1,380

2,810

1,460

810

650

1,080

320

760

8,030

2,460

5,570

2,270

850

1,420

170

70

110

3,360

890

2,470

930

360

560

1,670

690

980

14,700

6,240

8,460

7,240

3,960

3,280

Knee

600

270

340

5,150

2,310

2,840

2,450

1,460

990

Ankle

440

200

240

2,370

1,060

1,310

1,680

880

800

Foot

330

120

210

5,320

2,030

3,290

1,610

790

820

40

40

-

940

780

160

360

260

100

380

250

130

2,130

1,060

1,070

1,490

780

720

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment

Falls, slips, trips

Overexertion and bodily reaction
Overexertion in lifting or lowering
Repetitive motion involving microtasks

Roadway incidents involving motorized land
vehicles
Fires and explosions
Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

All other
Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)
Head
Eye

Back
Upper extremities

Hand(s)
Wrist
Lower extremities

Body systems
Multiple

(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-orrestriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building
material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.
(5)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing

Case characteristic

DART(1)
All other

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

Couriers and messengers
DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

-

-

-

540

290

250

30

-

20

80

60

20

420

270

150

90

70

20

2,110

610

1,500

16,950

6,250

10,700

10,440

4,890

5,550

Furniture, fixtures

160

50

110

4,410

1,910

2,500

190

100

90

Machinery

440

170

270

2,550

990

1,570

750

280

470

Parts and materials

450

160

290

1,730

750

980

1,430

660

770

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

550

350

200

9,170

4,420

4,750

2,850

1,560

1,290

Handtools

170

100

70

2,560

920

1,640

120

70

50

Vehicles

850

360

490

6,970

2,530

4,430

2,730

1,690

1,030

Person, injured or ill worker

1,390

530

860

8,620

3,630

4,990

5,030

2,750

2,270

Worker motion or position

1,370

520

850

7,920

3,090

4,820

4,850

2,630

2,230

-

-

-

790

510

280

80

50

30

680

260

420

5,370

2,260

3,110

1,630

880

750

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-orrestriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building
material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.
(5)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 1b. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and case characteristics, private industry, 2016
[–]

Waste management and
remediation services

Case characteristic

DART(1)
Total
Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

DAFW(2)

Hospitals

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Accommodation
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

10,660

6,710

3,950

91,050

52,190

38,860

36,620

19,200

17,420

3,350

1,610

1,740

45,180

23,510

21,670

12,650

6,090

6,550

4,810

2,530

2,280

51,010

26,290

24,710

14,060

6,650

7,410

910

720

190

3,590

2,900

690

1,460

1,120

340

1,230

810

420

2,700

1,600

1,090

3,560

1,710

1,850

1,110

700

410

2,120

1,150

970

3,240

1,530

1,710

130

110

-

570

450

130

320

180

140

670

370

300

10,520

6,190

4,340

4,560

2,020

2,540

Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears
Fractures
Cuts, lacerations, punctures
Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions

(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-orrestriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building
material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.
(5)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Waste management and
remediation services

Case characteristic

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Hospitals

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

Accommodation

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

Heat (thermal) burns

80

50

40

820

530

280

780

380

400

Chemical burns and corrosions

40

40

-

140

120

20

50

30

20

Amputations

20

20

-

20

-

-

40

20

20

Carpal tunnel syndrome

30

-

-

210

140

70

100

60

40

-

-

-

370

150

220

140

40

90

310

260

50

2,170

1,190

980

960

430

520

40

40

-

120

100

30

80

20

60

With sprains

120

70

50

1,520

740

790

640

310

330

Soreness, pain

1,550

1,150

400

11,600

7,290

4,310

6,940

3,990

2,950

990

750

240

7,920

5,770

2,150

3,980

2,740

1,240

2,580

1,610

970

12,280

7,250

5,030

9,780

4,770

5,010

1,550

980

560

6,980

4,170

2,810

6,000

2,930

3,070

Struck against object or equipment

340

220

120

3,220

2,040

1,190

2,690

1,380

1,310

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

540

290

250

1,530

670

870

770

320

460

2,560

1,740

820

18,510

11,720

6,800

10,490

5,970

4,520

610

460

140

1,290

760

530

1,030

580

450

1,360

950

410

14,330

9,160

5,170

7,650

4,400

3,240

530

280

240

2,670

1,650

1,030

1,620

860

760

3,400

1,660

1,740

46,070

24,150

21,920

13,070

6,390

6,680

1,070

490

580

11,540

6,060

5,480

3,840

1,720

2,120

110

60

50

2,040

940

1,110

850

410

440

370

260

110

3,020

2,240

770

1,790

1,150

640

1,460

1,250

210

680

530

150

430

240

190

1,200

1,090

110

480

350

130

110

70

40

-

-

-

20

20

-

40

30

-

110

50

60

10,260

6,190

4,070

710

370

350

Intentional injury by other person

-

-

-

5,480

3,490

1,990

220

120

100

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

-

-

-

4,330

2,360

1,970

230

80

150

100

40

60

400

310

90

260

170

100

180

140

40

200

90

110

320

270

40

480

370

110

4,140

3,520

610

2,000

1,500

500

100

90

-

760

650

110

580

390

190

Neck

60

50

-

1,820

1,030

790

300

190

100

Trunk

2,690

1,630

1,060

28,370

15,590

12,790

7,690

4,010

3,680

2,110

1,270

840

24,640

13,230

11,420

6,150

3,050

3,100

3,150

1,690

1,460

28,220

14,170

14,050

14,080

6,280

7,800

810

480

330

9,450

4,840

4,610

3,090

1,400

1,690

Tendonitis
Multiple traumatic injuries
With fractures

All other
Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment
Struck by object or equipment

Falls, slips, trips
Fall to lower level
Fall on same level
Slips, trips without fall
Overexertion and bodily reaction
Overexertion in lifting or lowering
Repetitive motion involving microtasks
Exposure to harmful substances or environments
Transportation incidents
Roadway incidents involving motorized land
vehicles
Fires and explosions
Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

Animal and insect related incidents
All other
Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)
Head
Eye

Back
Upper extremities
Shoulder

(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-orrestriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building
material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.
(5)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

8/41

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Waste management and
remediation services

Case characteristic

DART(1)
Arm

DAFW(2)

Hospitals

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Accommodation
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

490

230

260

3,930

2,130

1,800

2,210

1,150

1,050

1,350

760

580

8,060

3,980

4,070

5,880

2,480

3,400

380

180

200

4,580

2,250

2,330

1,850

870

980

2,760

1,630

1,120

16,420

10,110

6,300

8,010

4,570

3,440

Knee

830

360

470

7,450

4,610

2,840

3,120

1,730

1,380

Ankle

710

450

270

3,560

2,130

1,430

1,900

1,120

780

Foot

500

350

150

3,280

2,040

1,230

1,490

940

540

190

170

20

1,300

1,140

160

390

320

70

Multiple

1,210

1,060

150

10,420

6,340

4,080

4,030

2,270

1,760

All other

120

120

-

360

290

70

120

50

60

130

110

-

1,240

970

270

470

300

170

1,850

960

900

5,950

3,200

2,750

4,160

1,980

2,180

Furniture, fixtures

110

60

40

6,080

3,620

2,460

4,550

2,230

2,320

Machinery

280

150

130

1,990

1,210

780

1,810

870

940

Parts and materials

1,110

630

490

1,050

670

370

740

360

390

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

1,390

950

440

13,900

8,860

5,050

7,590

4,320

3,280

360

250

110

1,180

660

520

1,760

820

950

Vehicles

2,180

1,670

510

3,610

2,160

1,450

2,190

1,030

1,160

Person, injured or ill worker

1,770

910

850

11,930

6,810

5,110

6,240

3,430

2,820

Worker motion or position

1,730

890

840

11,530

6,510

5,030

6,050

3,260

2,790

-

-

-

34,210

18,340

15,870

590

300

280

1,410

950

460

9,640

5,520

4,120

6,200

3,360

2,850

Hand(s)
Wrist
Lower extremities

Body systems

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers

Handtools

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-orrestriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building
material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.
(5)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 2a. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and worker characteristics, private industry, 2016
[–]

Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing

Worker characteristic

DART(1)
Total

6,970

(1)Cases

DAFW(2)

General merchandise
stores

DJTR(3)

2,690

4,280

Couriers and messengers

DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
61,350

25,340

36,010

25,470

13,070

12,400

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work
(3)Includes
(4)Race

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing

Worker characteristic

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise
stores

DJTR(3)

Couriers and messengers

DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)

Gender
Male

5,610

2,150

3,460

24,620

10,070

14,550

19,100

9,740

9,360

Female

1,140

450

690

36,680

15,230

21,440

6,370

3,330

3,040

210

90

120

60

40

20

-

-

-

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

70

20

50

3,310

1,340

1,970

900

260

650

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

740

230

510

8,410

3,150

5,260

3,060

1,200

1,860

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

2,080

600

1,480

11,950

4,540

7,410

6,510

2,830

3,690

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

1,480

540

940

10,140

4,000

6,140

5,270

2,840

2,430

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

1,190

690

500

12,380

5,390

6,990

6,000

3,520

2,480

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

750

360

390

10,450

4,730

5,720

3,430

2,220

1,210

70

30

30

3,940

1,900

2,040

290

210

80

600

220

380

770

280

490

-

-

-

-

-

-

410

120

280

40

30

-

20

-

-

1,120

400

720

190

170

20

Black or African American

450

210

240

5,830

2,580

3,250

2,090

1,660

430

Hispanic or Latino

670

310

360

6,240

2,210

4,030

1,440

1,090

350

20

-

20

320

120

200

60

60

-

White

1,770

960

810

24,540

9,640

14,900

3,550

2,990

560

Race not reported

4,010

1,190

2,820

22,850

10,240

12,610

18,110

7,070

11,030

Multi-race

-

-

-

30

20

-

-

-

-

Hispanic and other

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

740

320

420

7,220

2,930

4,290

3,350

1,260

2,090

3–11 months

1,250

400

850

13,610

5,470

8,140

4,190

2,050

2,140

1–5 years

2,240

920

1,320

20,200

7,970

12,220

5,960

3,140

2,820

5 years

2,210

880

1,330

19,810

8,860

10,950

11,940

6,610

5,330

530

160

370

500

100

400

30

-

20

Management, business, and financial

100

60

40

510

260

260

150

90

60

Computer, engineering, and science

110

-

100

-

-

-

30

20

-

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

-

-

-

310

190

120

-

-

-

Healthcare practitioners and technical

-

-

-

100

30

70

-

-

-

Service

400

170

230

6,250

2,460

3,790

80

50

40

Sales and related

220

120

100

30,550

12,570

17,980

40

30

-

Office and administrative support

620

250

370

13,100

5,600

7,500

1,130

430

700

Farming, fishing, and forestry

120

50

70

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

20

-

50

20

30

-

-

-

500

230

270

2,050

700

1,350

410

270

140

2,010

810

1,200

1,040

520

520

180

80

100

Gender not reported
Age

Age group (65+ yrs.)
Age group (not reported)
Race or ethnic origin(4)
American Indian or Alaska native
Asian

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

Length of service with employer
Less than 3 months

Length of service not reported
Summary occupational groups(5)

Construction and extraction
Installation, maintenance, and repair
Production
(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work
(3)Includes
(4)Race

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing

Worker characteristic

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

2,850

General merchandise
stores

DJTR(3)

970

1,880

Couriers and messengers

DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
7,240

2,940

4,300

23,440

12,100

11,340

Transportation and material moving
(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work
(3)Includes
(4)Race

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 2b. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and worker characteristics, private industry, 2016
[–]

Waste management and
remediation services

Worker characteristic

DART(1)
Total

DAFW(2)

Hospitals

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Accommodation
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

10,660

6,710

3,950

91,050

52,190

38,860

36,620

19,200

17,420

10,350

6,560

3,790

19,410

12,200

7,210

14,300

7,700

6,600

310

140

160

71,420

39,850

31,570

22,000

11,270

10,740

-

-

-

220

150

80

310

230

80

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

210

160

40

460

250

210

730

320

420

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

860

570

290

5,880

3,040

2,840

3,490

1,770

1,720

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

2,160

1,240

920

19,240

10,380

8,860

6,900

3,430

3,470

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

2,700

1,910

800

19,310

10,550

8,760

6,630

3,380

3,250

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

3,020

1,720

1,300

22,760

13,420

9,330

8,900

4,790

4,110

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

1,290

860

430

19,230

11,810

7,420

7,290

3,950

3,340

190

150

50

2,990

1,980

1,020

1,690

1,000

680

Gender
Male
Female
Gender not reported
Age

Age group (65+ yrs.)
(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work
(3)Includes
(4)Race

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Waste management and
remediation services

Worker characteristic

DART(1)
Age group (not reported)

DAFW(2)

Hospitals

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

Accommodation

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

220

90

130

1,180

770

410

970

540

430

American Indian or Alaska native

80

80

-

330

210

120

210

170

50

Asian

40

-

20

2,380

1,350

1,030

1,770

1,210

560

930

650

280

9,080

5,790

3,290

3,410

2,050

1,370

1,590

830

760

5,670

3,420

2,260

8,930

4,280

4,650

-

-

-

280

170

110

270

170

90

White

3,890

2,750

1,140

28,790

16,870

11,920

8,060

4,470

3,580

Race not reported

4,110

2,360

1,750

44,440

24,360

20,070

13,920

6,810

7,110

Multi-race

-

-

-

40

20

20

30

30

-

Hispanic and other

-

-

-

50

-

30

20

-

-

Less than 3 months

1,530

1,070

460

3,820

2,200

1,620

4,460

2,220

2,230

3–11 months

2,090

1,310

770

13,100

7,090

6,010

6,850

3,720

3,130

1–5 years

3,770

2,480

1,290

28,870

16,150

12,720

11,190

5,810

5,380

5 years

3,140

1,760

1,380

44,270

26,190

18,090

13,070

6,920

6,150

140

90

50

980

570

410

1,050

520

530

Management, business, and financial

70

50

-

2,530

1,200

1,330

770

330

440

Computer, engineering, and science

30

-

20

230

90

150

50

40

-

420

420

-

1,120

660

470

230

140

100

-

-

-

42,840

24,170

18,680

-

-

-

50

40

-

36,920

21,460

15,470

29,180

15,270

13,910

-

-

-

200

120

80

480

310

170

40

20

-

4,000

2,490

1,510

1,190

610

580

-

-

-

-

-

-

160

80

80

Construction and extraction

900

710

200

530

400

130

220

140

80

Installation, maintenance, and repair

750

390

360

1,460

890

570

2,270

1,250

1,020

Production

530

210

320

540

340

200

1,450

750

700

7,880

4,850

3,020

630

370

260

560

260

300

Race or ethnic origin(4)

Black or African American
Hispanic or Latino
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

Length of service with employer

Length of service not reported
Summary occupational groups(5)

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media
Healthcare practitioners and technical
Service
Sales and related
Office and administrative support
Farming, fishing, and forestry

Transportation and material moving
(1)Cases

involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)Days-away-from-work
(3)Includes
(4)Race

cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 3a. Number, incidence rates, and median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days of job
transfer or restriction (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics of injury or illness, private industry, 2016
[–]

Case characteristic

Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing
Number

https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

Incidence
rate

Median
days

General merchandise stores
Number

Incidence
rate

Median
days

Couriers and messengers
Number

Incidence
rate

Median
days

12/41

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Case characteristic

Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing
Number

Incidence
rate

General merchandise stores

Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Couriers and messengers

Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Median
days

Total

4,280

196.6

14

36,010

158.4

18

12,400

267.1

16

Musculoskeletal disorders(1)

2,250

103.2

16

15,760

69.3

24

6,480

139.7

19

2,430

111.9

16

19,290

84.9

22

6,370

137.2

18

90

4.3

42

1,480

6.5

28

550

11.9

36

370

17

8

3,920

17.2

10

710

15.4

9

360

16.3

9

3,730

16.4

10

530

11.3

10

-

-

-

180

0.8

9

190

4

6

340

15.7

11

3,790

16.7

15

1,290

27.9

11

Heat (thermal) burns

60

2.8

10

160

0.7

9

-

-

-

Chemical burns and corrosions

20

0.9

12

20

0.1

5

-

-

-

Amputations

-

-

-

20

0.1

86

-

-

-

Carpal tunnel syndrome

-

-

-

30

0.2

31

-

-

-

Tendonitis

30

1.2

62

20

0.1

21

100

2.2

23

Multiple traumatic injuries

70

3.3

12

190

0.8

14

370

8

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

0.5

27

With sprains

70

3.2

12

110

0.5

14

250

5.3

24

Soreness, pain

360

16.5

13

4,170

18.4

18

1,850

40

15

All other

500

22.9

23

2,900

12.8

15

1,120

24.1

17

1,240

56.8

10

11,480

50.5

12

2,930

63.2

13

Struck by object or equipment

610

27.9

10

7,810

34.3

13

1,810

38.9

12

Struck against object or equipment

190

8.6

7

2,090

9.2

12

580

12.4

13

Caught in or compressed by object or
equipment

380

17.4

8

1,150

5

15

460

10

14

490

22.3

17

7,250

31.9

23

2,000

43.2

18

Fall to lower level

70

3.2

13

960

4.2

24

380

8.1

14

Fall on same level

230

10.7

18

5,200

22.9

23

1,060

22.9

18

Slips, trips without fall

160

7.6

27

990

4.3

20

510

10.9

18

2,330

107.1

17

16,100

70.8

23

6,700

144.3

19

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

860

39.3

16

7,000

30.8

23

2,760

59.5

21

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

170

7.6

71

710

3.1

36

230

4.9

22

90

4.3

9

400

1.8

8

120

2.5

6

110

4.8

13

230

1

19

260

5.7

14

40

1.9

13

60

0.3

19

200

4.3

14

-

-

-

380

1.7

10

270

5.8

6

-

-

-

130

0.6

10

20

0.4

13

Nature of injury or illness(2)
Sprains, strains, tears
Fractures
Cuts, lacerations, punctures
Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions

With fractures

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(2)
Contact with object, equipment

Falls, slips, trips

Overexertion and bodily reaction

Exposure to harmful substances or environments
Transportation incidents
Roadway incidents involving motorized land
vehicles
Violence and other injuries by persons or animal
Intentional injury by other person

(1)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (NEH) x 20,000,000, where N = number of injuries and
illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per
year).
Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or
restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values.
Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.
In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

13/41

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Case characteristic

Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing
Number

Incidence
rate

General merchandise stores

Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Couriers and messengers

Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Median
days

Injury by person - unintentional or intent
unknown

-

-

-

130

0.6

21

-

-

-

Animal and insect related incidents

-

-

-

130

0.6

6

240

5.2

6

20

1

56

150

0.6

32

120

2.5

17

50

2.4

5

1,680

7.4

10

200

4.2

8

20

0.9

1

210

0.9

4

20

0.5

4

Neck

20

1.1

12

400

1.8

42

130

2.9

17

Trunk

1,310

60

12

9,190

40.4

20

3,740

80.5

17

1,070

49.1

12

7,240

31.8

20

3,000

64.6

18

1,770

81.5

17

14,810

65.2

18

4,210

90.8

16

Shoulder

430

19.8

21

3,810

16.8

30

1,210

26

27

Arm

420

19.1

20

2,810

12.4

23

650

14.1

14

Hand(s)

760

35

11

5,570

24.5

12

1,420

30.6

13

Wrist

110

4.9

9

2,470

10.8

18

560

12.2

21

980

45.2

15

8,460

37.2

17

3,280

70.7

15

Knee

340

15.6

23

2,840

12.5

23

990

21.3

16

Ankle

240

11

28

1,310

5.7

20

800

17.3

15

Foot

210

9.8

15

3,290

14.5

14

820

17.6

10

-

-

-

160

0.7

6

100

2.2

7

Multiple

130

5.9

15

1,070

4.7

25

720

15.5

20

All other

-

-

-

250

1.1

27

20

0.4

6

20

1

19

150

0.7

8

20

0.4

18

1,500

68.9

16

10,700

47.1

18

5,550

119.6

18

Furniture, fixtures

110

5.3

8

2,500

11

24

90

2

10

Machinery

270

12.6

8

1,570

6.9

12

470

10.2

14

Parts and materials

290

13.2

20

980

4.3

14

770

16.6

14

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

200

9.4

18

4,750

20.9

23

1,290

27.9

15

70

3.3

8

1,640

7.2

9

50

1.2

9

Vehicles

490

22.6

13

4,430

19.5

18

1,030

22.2

14

Person, injured or ill worker

860

39.5

16

4,990

21.9

25

2,270

49

18

Worker motion or position

850

39.1

17

4,820

21.2

25

2,230

48

18

-

-

-

280

1.2

19

30

0.6

13

420

19.3

11

3,110

13.7

15

750

16.2

11

All other
Part of body affected by the injury or illness(2)
Head
Eye

Back
Upper extremities

Lower extremities

Body systems

Source of injury or illness(2)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers

Handtools

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (NEH) x 20,000,000, where N = number of injuries and
illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per
year).
Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or
restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values.
Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.
In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 3b. Number, incidence rates, and median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days of job
transfer or restriction (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics of injury or illness, private industry, 2016
[–]

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Case characteristic

Waste management and
remediation services
Number

Incidence
rate

Hospitals

Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Accommodation
Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Median
days

Total

3,950

97.9

12

38,860

100

15

17,420

114.9

14

Musculoskeletal disorders(1)

1,740

43

13

21,670

55.8

17

6,550

43.2

15

2,280

56.4

13

24,710

63.6

16

7,410

48.8

17

Fractures

190

4.7

51

690

1.8

46

340

2.3

27

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

420

10.5

9

1,090

2.8

8

1,850

12.2

9

410

10.1

9

970

2.5

7

1,710

11.3

9

-

-

-

130

0.3

8

140

0.9

3

300

7.5

7

4,340

11.2

9

2,540

16.7

12

40

0.9

11

280

0.7

9

400

2.6

7

Chemical burns and corrosions

-

-

-

20

0

3

20

0.2

12

Amputations

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

0.1

7

Carpal tunnel syndrome

-

-

-

70

0.2

80

40

0.2

45

Tendonitis

-

-

-

220

0.6

17

90

0.6

31

50

1.2

7

980

2.5

11

520

3.5

14

-

-

-

30

0.1

21

60

0.4

60

With sprains

50

1.1

7

790

2

10

330

2.2

13

Soreness, pain

400

10

9

4,310

11.1

18

2,950

19.4

11

All other

240

6

10

2,150

5.5

16

1,240

8.2

14

970

24

9

5,030

12.9

10

5,010

33

10

Struck by object or equipment

560

13.9

9

2,810

7.2

10

3,070

20.3

10

Struck against object or equipment

120

2.9

11

1,190

3.1

9

1,310

8.6

13

Caught in or compressed by object or
equipment

250

6.3

13

870

2.2

11

460

3

10

820

20.2

9

6,800

17.5

14

4,520

29.8

14

Fall to lower level

140

3.5

7

530

1.4

14

450

2.9

14

Fall on same level

410

10.2

9

5,170

13.3

15

3,240

21.4

14

Slips, trips without fall

240

6.1

14

1,030

2.6

14

760

5

15

1,740

43.1

14

21,920

56.4

17

6,680

44

15

580

14.4

14

5,480

14.1

16

2,120

14

15

50

1.3

10

1,110

2.8

29

440

2.9

24

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

110

2.7

33

770

2

11

640

4.2

7

Transportation incidents

210

5.3

15

150

0.4

12

190

1.2

10

Roadway incidents involving motorized land
vehicles

110

2.8

21

130

0.3

12

40

0.3

90

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

60

1.5

7

4,070

10.5

12

350

2.3

14

-

-

-

1,990

5.1

12

100

0.7

97

Nature of injury or illness(2)
Sprains, strains, tears

Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions
Heat (thermal) burns

Multiple traumatic injuries
With fractures

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(2)
Contact with object, equipment

Falls, slips, trips

Overexertion and bodily reaction
Overexertion in lifting or lowering
Repetitive motion involving microtasks

Intentional injury by other person

(1)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (NEH) x 20,000,000, where N = number of injuries and
illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per
year).
Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or
restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values.
Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.
In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Case characteristic

Waste management and
remediation services
Number

Injury by person - unintentional or intent
unknown

Incidence
rate

Hospitals

Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Accommodation
Median
days

Number

Incidence
rate

Median
days

-

-

-

1,970

5.1

14

150

1

11

60

1.4

7

90

0.2

7

100

0.6

15

40

1.1

10

110

0.3

10

40

0.3

25

110

2.8

9

610

1.6

9

500

3.3

5

-

-

-

110

0.3

20

190

1.2

3

Neck

-

-

-

790

2

18

100

0.7

14

Trunk

1,060

26.3

9

12,790

32.9

14

3,680

24.2

15

840

20.8

13

11,420

29.4

15

3,100

20.4

15

1,460

36.2

11

14,050

36.2

15

7,800

51.4

12

Shoulder

330

8.1

15

4,610

11.9

22

1,690

11.1

14

Arm

260

6.4

10

1,800

4.6

17

1,050

6.9

12

Hand(s)

580

14.4

9

4,070

10.5

10

3,400

22.4

10

Wrist

200

5

44

2,330

6

20

980

6.5

19

1,120

27.8

14

6,300

16.2

14

3,440

22.7

14

Knee

470

11.7

14

2,840

7.3

20

1,380

9.1

15

Ankle

270

6.6

10

1,430

3.7

11

780

5.2

14

Foot

150

3.6

14

1,230

3.2

11

540

3.6

10

20

0.5

33

160

0.4

17

70

0.5

5

Multiple

150

3.8

18

4,080

10.5

17

1,760

11.6

14

All other

-

-

-

70

0.2

18

60

0.4

21

-

-

-

270

0.7

16

170

1.1

8

900

22.2

10

2,750

7.1

14

2,180

14.4

13

40

1

8

2,460

6.3

15

2,320

15.3

15

Machinery

130

3.3

14

780

2

18

940

6.2

9

Parts and materials

490

12

11

370

1

11

390

2.6

11

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

440

11

11

5,050

13

14

3,280

21.6

14

Handtools

110

2.6

7

520

1.3

10

950

6.2

8

Vehicles

510

12.6

14

1,450

3.7

15

1,160

7.7

15

Person, injured or ill worker

850

21.1

13

5,110

13.2

18

2,820

18.6

17

Worker motion or position

840

20.8

13

5,030

12.9

18

2,790

18.4

17

-

-

-

15,870

40.8

15

280

1.9

14

460

11.3

10

4,120

10.6

12

2,850

18.8

11

Animal and insect related incidents
All other
Part of body affected by the injury or illness(2)
Head
Eye

Back
Upper extremities

Lower extremities

Body systems

Source of injury or illness(2)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers
Furniture, fixtures

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)Includes

cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)Based

on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (NEH) x 20,000,000, where N = number of injuries and
illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per
year).
Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or
restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values.
Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.
In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 4. Number and median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days of job transfer or restriction
(DJTR) by selected industry and worker characteristics, private industry, 2016
[–]

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Worker characteristic

Median
days

Number
Total

General
merchandise
stores

Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing

Number

Waste management
and remediation
services

Couriers and
messengers

Median
days

Number

Median
Number
days

Hospitals

Median
days

Number

Accommodation

Median
Median
Number
days
days

4,280

14

36,010

18

12,400

16

3,950

12

38,860

15

17,420

14

3,460

14

14,550

15

9,360

16

3,790

12

7,210

13

6,600

10

Female

690

15

21,440

19

3,040

17

160

10

31,570

15

10,740

15

Gender not reported

120

11

20

15

-

-

-

-

80

7

80

22

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

50

10

1,970

11

650

13

40

5

210

14

420

9

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

510

16

5,260

13

1,860

14

290

10

2,840

12

1,720

13

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

1,480

13

7,410

16

3,690

17

920

13

8,860

14

3,470

10

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

940

16

6,140

23

2,430

20

800

13

8,760

15

3,250

13

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

500

11

6,990

22

2,480

14

1,300

10

9,330

16

4,110

14

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

390

18

5,720

28

1,210

17

430

14

7,420

16

3,340

15

30

9

2,040

19

80

21

50

18

1,020

14

680

15

380

38

490

24

-

-

130

13

410

13

430

20

American Indian or
Alaska native

-

-

280

18

-

-

-

-

120

12

50

14

Asian

-

-

720

25

20

17

20

6

1,030

17

560

15

Black or African
American

240

14

3,250

16

430

16

280

14

3,290

14

1,370

18

Hispanic or Latino

360

27

4,030

19

350

25

760

9

2,260

19

4,650

18

20

20

200

22

-

-

-

-

110

29

90

17

810

14

14,900

16

560

13

1,140

14

11,920

15

3,580

10

2,820

14

12,610

19

11,030

16

1,750

10

20,070

15

7,110

12

Multi-race

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

38

-

-

Hispanic and other

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

30

20

-

-

Less than 3 months

420

9

4,290

14

2,090

16

460

13

1,620

11

2,230

10

3–11 months

850

12

8,140

16

2,140

16

770

8

6,010

14

3,130

10

1–5 years

1,320

19

12,220

17

2,820

16

1,290

13

12,720

15

5,380

14

5 years

1,330

14

10,950

25

5,330

17

1,380

13

18,090

16

6,150

16

370

47

400

14

20

17

50

58

410

20

530

18

Management, business,
and financial

40

8

260

29

60

16

-

-

1,330

14

440

14

Computer, engineering,
and science

100

32

-

-

-

-

20

6

150

12

-

-

-

-

120

14

-

-

-

-

470

14

100

8

Gender
Male

Age

Age group (65+ yrs.)
Age group (not reported)
Race or ethnic origin(1)

Native Hawaiian or
Other Pacific Islander
White
Race not reported

Length of service with
employer

Length of service not
reported
Summary occupational
groups(2)

Education, legal,
community service, arts,
and media

(1)Race

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(2)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or
restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values.
Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Worker characteristic

General
merchandise
stores

Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing
Median
days

Number
Healthcare practitioners
and technical

Number

Waste management
and remediation
services

Couriers and
messengers

Median
days

Median
Number
days

Number

Hospitals

Median
days

Accommodation

Median
Median
Number
days
days

Number

-

-

70

11

-

-

-

-

18,680

15

-

-

Service

230

10

3,790

15

40

42

-

-

15,470

15

13,910

14

Sales and related

100

15

17,980

19

-

-

-

-

80

22

170

16

Office and administrative
support

370

20

7,500

18

700

10

-

-

1,510

20

580

8

70

12

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

80

7

-

-

30

17

-

-

200

14

130

11

80

60

270

8

1,350

15

140

12

360

10

570

17

1,020

10

Production

1,200

19

520

16

100

19

320

19

200

19

700

15

Transportation and
material moving

1,880

13

4,300

15

11,340

17

3,020

11

260

8

300

10

Farming, fishing, and
forestry
Construction and
extraction
Installation,
maintenance, and repair

(1)Race

and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(2)Standard

Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or
restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values.
Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.
Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit
industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and
Nursing and residential care facilities.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 5a. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

Total

7,750 7,600 6,970 3,210 2,800 2,690 4,530 4,800 4,280 62,880 60,590 61,350 26,320 25,600 25,340 36,560 34,990 36,010

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

4,140 3,480 3,350 1,480 1,200 1,100 2,660 2,280 2,250 26,400 23,830 24,400 9,400 8,750 8,640 17,000 15,080 15,760

Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears

3,900 4,010 3,720 1,320 1,430 1,280 2,580 2,580 2,430 28,590 29,810 30,000 10,450 10,880 10,710 18,130 18,930 19,290

Fractures

390

260

360

270

140

260

130

120

90 3,080 3,150 3,330 1,820 1,900 1,850 1,270 1,260 1,480

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

540

710

550

170

310

180

370

400

370 5,450 6,270 6,660 2,100 2,350 2,750 3,350 3,930 3,920

490

650

520

160

290

160

330

360

360 5,020 5,870 6,280 1,890 2,130 2,550 3,130 3,750 3,730

50

60

30

-

20

20

40

40

590

820

550

230

220

210

360

600

80

80

90

70

60

30

-

20

Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot
wounds)
Bruise, contusions
Heat (thermal) burns

(1)

-

430

400

380

210

220

200

220

180

180

340 7,490 6,700 6,600 3,190 3,060 2,800 4,300 3,650 3,790
60

280

260

270

100

110

110

170

150

160

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

Chemical burns and corrosions

70

30

40

60

20

20

-

-

20

90

100

70

50

50

50

30

50

20

Amputations

20

20

40

20

20

40

-

-

-

80

70

40

50

50

20

30

20

20

Carpal tunnel syndrome

30

20

-

30

-

-

-

20

-

170

130

90

50

70

50

120

60

30

-

20

30

-

-

-

-

-

30

130

90

30

40

20

-

90

70

20

130

230

180

80

30

110

50

200

70

1,110

710

410

560

460

220

550

250

190

With fractures

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

20

-

80

80

20

50

60

-

30

-

-

With sprains

-

120

150

-

-

80

-

110

70

670

340

170

320

210

60

350

120

110

Soreness, pain

1,090

670

590

460

250

230

630

420

360 9,610 6,920 7,280 4,030 3,030

880

740

810

500

300

310

380

440

500 6,810 6,370 6,570 3,870 3,630 3,670 2,940 2,740 2,900

1,770 2,100 1,890

740

700

650 1,030 1,400 1,240 18,900 19,220 19,400 7,650 7,800 7,910 11,250 11,430 11,480

Tendonitis
Multiple traumatic injuries

All other

3,110 5,580 3,890 4,170

Event or exposure leading to
injury or illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment
Struck by object or equipment

890 1,100

930

390

400

320

500

700

610 12,840 13,000 13,230 5,370 5,390 5,420 7,470 7,620 7,810

Struck against object or
equipment

450

590

290

190

180

100

250

420

190 3,820 3,940 3,800 1,500 1,570 1,700 2,320 2,370 2,090

Caught in or compressed by
object or equipment

360

340

560

130

110

180

230

230

380 1,720 1,590 1,620

1,170 1,370 1,110

570

580

630

610

790

490 13,400 13,780 13,780 6,760 6,800 6,530 6,640 6,980 7,250

Falls, slips, trips

550

250

180

160

140

110

90

100

70

Fall on same level

670

780

620

310

330

380

350

450

230 9,660 9,840 10,060 5,010 4,820 4,860 4,660 5,020 5,200

Slips, trips without fall

250

360

320

100

130

150

150

230

160 1,960 1,700 1,690

Overexertion in lifting or
lowering
Repetitive motion involving

830 1,130

480 1,150 1,030 1,150

Fall to lower level

Overexertion and bodily reaction

70 1,700 2,060 1,890

570

880

750

930

870

710 1,070

930

950

960

990

4,260 3,510 3,480 1,530 1,210 1,150 2,740 2,300 2,330 27,520 24,680 25,420 9,990 9,290 9,320 17,530 15,400 16,100
1,640 1,380 1,250

600

430

400 1,040

960

860 11,420 10,740 10,920 4,030 3,890 3,920 7,390 6,850 7,000

260

180

250

110

70

80

150

110

170 1,430 1,390 1,170

510

540

450

920

850

710

Exposure to harmful substances
or environments

180

200

200

160

150

110

20

50

90 1,190 1,130 1,070

780

710

670

410

420

400

Transportation incidents

290

370

250

180

140

140

110

240

110

510

440

500

300

260

270

210

180

230

100

110

100

60

70

60

40

40

40

70

120

130

50

80

70

-

50

60

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

30

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

40

20

20

30

-

-

-

-

-

980

960

870

650

570

490

330

390

380

Intentional injury by other
person

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

540

470

310

420

320

190

120

160

130

Injury by person - unintentional
or intent unknown

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

260

260

330

120

150

200

150

110

130

Animal and insect related
incidents

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

170

220

220

110

100

100

60

120

130

20

20

30

-

-

-

-

-

20

360

340

280

170

150

140

200

190

150

microtasks

Roadway incidents involving
motorized land vehicles
Fires and explosions
Violence and other injuries by
persons or animal

All other
Part of body affected by the
injury or illness(5)

(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Head
Eye
Neck
Trunk
Back
Upper extremities

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

350

270

250

250

180

200

100

90

50 4,470 4,650 5,010 2,950 2,970 3,330 1,520 1,680 1,680

100

100

110

60

70

80

40

30

20

690

660

700

470

440

490

210

220

210

70

50

60

40

-

40

30

40

20

980

510

650

300

250

250

680

250

400

2,590 2,240 2,040

930

880

740 1,650 1,360 1,310 15,960 15,370 15,530 6,350 6,570 6,340 9,610 8,790 9,190

2,020 1,870 1,640

710

680

570 1,310 1,190 1,070 12,470 11,700 12,040 4,710 4,870 4,800 7,760 6,830 7,240

2,250 2,340 2,510

730

740

740 1,520 1,600 1,770 21,020 21,590 21,860 6,740 7,000 7,040 14,280 14,590 14,810

Shoulder

640

650

600

210

210

170

430

440

430 6,230 6,020 5,920 2,230 2,040

Arm

390

290

530

120

60

120

280

220

420 3,300 3,920 4,190 1,050 1,350 1,380 2,240 2,570 2,810

Hand(s)

850 1,010 1,080

270

340

320

580

660

760 7,290 7,970 8,030 2,310 2,370 2,460 4,990 5,610 5,570

Wrist

180

170

100

80

70

80

230

110 3,400 3,220 3,360

1,920 2,130 1,670

920

790

690 1,000 1,350

980 15,170 14,830 14,700 7,090 6,370 6,240 8,080 8,460 8,460

Lower extremities

310

2,110 4,000 3,980 3,810

910 1,070

890 2,490 2,150 2,470

Knee

620

720

600

360

270

270

260

450

340 5,190 5,850 5,150 2,410 2,510 2,310 2,780 3,340 2,840

Ankle

480

400

440

190

140

200

290

260

240 2,540 2,670 2,370 1,170 1,130 1,060 1,370 1,540 1,310

Foot

520

560

330

250

200

120

270

360

210 5,130 4,600 5,320 2,420 1,810 2,030 2,710 2,790 3,290

30

30

40

30

-

40

-

20

Multiple

530

510

380

290

180

250

240

330

All other

20

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

410

330

540

140

140

290

280

190

250

90

110

80

80

90

60

-

30

20

640

430

420

500

270

270

140

160

150

2,920 2,120 2,110 1,130

650

Body systems

-

950 1,020

940

830

870

780

130

130 3,920 2,300 2,130 1,940 1,410 1,060 1,980

150

160

890 1,070

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers

610 1,790 1,470 1,500 18,120 16,390 16,950 6,760 6,430 6,250 11,370 9,960 10,700

Furniture, fixtures

120

170

160

20

60

50

90

110

110 5,130 4,820 4,410 2,070 2,200 1,910 3,070 2,620 2,500

Machinery

430

490

440

180

210

170

250

280

270 2,180 2,570 2,550

810

990

990 1,370 1,580 1,570

Parts and materials

330

420

450

100

180

160

230

240

290 2,190 1,900 1,730

830

720

750 1,360 1,180

Floors, walkways, ground
surfaces

610

810

550

320

350

350

300

460

200 8,850 9,040 9,170 4,580 4,480 4,420 4,270 4,560 4,750

Handtools

150

220

170

70

50

100

90

170

Vehicles

980 1,290

850

450

380

360

530

910

490 6,410 6,560 6,970 2,420 2,600 2,530 4,000 3,960 4,430

Person, injured or ill worker

1,540 1,280 1,390

620

570

530

930

710

860 9,220 8,690 8,620 3,800 3,620 3,630 5,420 5,070 4,990

Worker motion or position

1,510 1,270 1,370

580

560

520

920

710

850 8,730 7,980 7,920 3,410

Person, other than injured or ill
workers
All other

30

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

470

600

680

220

210

260

250

390

70 2,320 2,650 2,560

- 1,150

840

790

770

850

730

980

920 1,550 1,910 1,640

3,110 3,090 5,320 4,880 4,820
520

510

300

320

280

420 4,810 4,890 5,370 1,970 2,170 2,260 2,840 2,720

3,110

Gender
Male
Female
Gender not reported

6,800 6,490 5,610 2,840 2,390 2,150 3,970 4,100 3,460 24,420 23,260 24,620 10,290 9,610 10,070 14,120 13,640 14,550
940 1,100 1,140

380

410

450

570

690

690 38,330 37,250 36,680 16,010 15,980 15,230 22,320 21,270 21,440

-

-

210

-

-

90

-

-

120

130

90

60

20

-

40

120

80

20

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

150

120

70

90

60

20

60

60

50 2,850 3,250 3,310 1,010 1,190 1,340 1,840 2,060 1,970

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

410

700

740

200

220

230

210

480

510 9,050 8,950 8,410 3,310 3,360 3,150 5,740 5,590 5,260

2,330 2,400 2,080

890

860

600 1,440 1,550 1,480 12,980 11,290 11,950 5,360 4,540 4,540 7,620 6,760 7,410

Age

Age group (25–34 yrs.)
(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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9/28/22, 9:28 AM

A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

2015

2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

2,230 1,660 1,480

840

680

540 1,400

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

1,520 1,560 1,190

640

500

690

880 1,060

500 12,960 12,590 12,380 5,750 5,480 5,390 7,210

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

980

2014

DAFW(2)

2016

940 10,380 9,560 10,140 4,060 3,950 4,000 6,320 5,610 6,140
7,110 6,990

840

890

750

450

380

360

390

510

390 10,420 10,620 10,450 4,690 4,850 4,730 5,730 5,770 5,720

90

90

70

40

50

30

50

40

30 3,460 3,800 3,940 1,880 2,050 1,900 1,580 1,750 2,040

170

170

600

60

40

220

110

130

380

790

540

770

260

190

280

530

350

490

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

220

410

410

100

150

120

130

260

280

90

40

20

80

20

-

-

20

-

620 1,020 1,120

270

290

400

350

720

720

Black or African American

400

470

450

170

180

210

230

290

240 4,500 5,750 5,830 1,810 2,210 2,580 2,680 3,540 3,250

Hispanic or Latino

790

900

670

290

330

310

500

570

360 4,350 6,340 6,240 1,600 2,300 2,210 2,750 4,030 4,030

-

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

White

1,470 1,940 1,770

750

980

960

710

960

Race not reported

4,990 4,210 4,010 1,910 1,260 1,190 3,070 2,950 2,820 31,360 21,770 22,850 13,830 11,520 10,240 17,540 10,240 12,610

Age group (65+ yrs.)
Age group (not reported)
Race or ethnic origin(6)
American Indian or Alaska native
Asian

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific
Islander

20

100

210

320

40

70

120

60

130

200

810 21,620 25,080 24,540 8,650 9,040 9,640 12,970 16,030 14,900

Multi-race

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

80

30

30

30

-

20

50

20

-

Hispanic and other

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

30

-

-

-

-

-

20

-

-

590

630

740

180

260

320

410

370

420 7,330 7,530 7,220 2,980 3,100 2,930 4,350 4,430 4,290

3–11 months

1,330 1,720 1,250

640

560

400

690 1,160

850 12,670 12,690 13,610 4,850 4,850 5,470 7,810 7,840 8,140

1–5 years

2,220 2,500 2,240

980

880

920 1,240 1,610 1,320 19,340 18,350 20,200 8,420 7,980 7,970 10,930 10,370 12,220

5 years

3,580 2,720 2,210 1,410 1,080

880 2,170 1,640 1,330 22,920 21,680 19,810 9,910 9,590 8,860 13,010 12,090 10,950

Length of service with
employer
Less than 3 months

Length of service not reported

30

30

530

20

-

160

-

20

370

620

350

500

160

80

100

460

270

400

Management, business, and
financial

150

140

100

60

30

60

90

110

40

880

640

510

550

230

260

330

410

260

Computer, engineering, and
science

50

30

110

20

20

-

30

-

100

20

-

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

Education, legal, community
service, arts, and media

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

290

410

310

170

190

190

120

220

120

Healthcare practitioners and
technical

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

220

130

100

120

60

30

110

70

70

Service

160

310

400

80

190

170

70

120

230 6,170 6,650 6,250 2,480 2,620 2,460 3,690 4,040 3,790

Sales and related

150

230

220

20

110

120

130

120

100 28,470 29,220 30,550 11,790 12,950 12,570 16,680 16,270 17,980

Office and administrative support

730

860

620

310

200

250

420

660

370 15,680 12,660 13,100 6,670 5,200 5,600 9,010 7,460 7,500

Farming, fishing, and forestry

260

100

120

140

30

50

120

70

70

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

30

20

20

20

-

20

-

-

-

20

120

50

-

40

20

20

80

30

560

620

500

230

140

230

330

480

270 1,940 2,000 2,050

680

720

700 1,260 1,270 1,350

2,020 1,600 2,010 1,030

840

810

990

760 1,200 1,060 1,100 1,040

450

450

520

Summary occupational
groups(7)

Construction and extraction
Installation, maintenance, and
repair
Production

(1)

610

640

520

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Transportation and material
moving
(1)

3,630 3,650 2,850 1,310 1,220

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

970 2,320 2,430 1,880 8,040 7,590 7,240 3,350 3,120 2,940 4,690 4,460 4,300

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 5b. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Couriers and messengers
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)
2014

Total

2015

Waste management and remediation services

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

21,880 23,520 25,470 12,730 13,080 13,070 9,150 10,440 12,400 13,190 12,280 10,660 8,650 7,600 6,710 4,540 4,680 3,950

Musculoskeletal disorders(4) 11,190 11,290 12,380 6,790 6,100 5,890 4,400 5,190 6,480 4,390 4,330 3,350 2,640 2,580 1,610 1,750 1,750 1,740
Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears

9,640 10,960 11,940 4,920 5,310 5,580 4,720 5,650 6,370 6,070 5,260 4,810 3,670 3,050 2,530 2,400 2,210 2,280

Fractures

1,220 1,380 1,560

720

790 1,000

490

600

550

910

930

590

720

180

390

190

710 1,090 1,180

320

580

460

390

510

710 1,390 1,480 1,230

960

920

810

440

550

420

Cuts, lacerations

560

830

890

260

430

360

300

390

530 1,260 1,340

1,110

880

850

700

380

490

410

Punctures (except gunshot
wounds)

150

260

290

60

150

100

90

120

190

130

140

130

80

70

110

60

60

-

850 1,010 1,290

970

920

670

520

460

370

450

450

300

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

Bruise, contusions

1,520 2,160 2,430

670 1,150 1,140

1,110

980

Heat (thermal) burns

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

50

40

80

-

40

50

30

-

40

Chemical burns and
corrosions

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

40

40

-

-

40

-

30

-

Amputations

30

20

30

20

20

20

-

-

-

40

150

20

40

150

20

-

-

-

Carpal tunnel syndrome

40

60

40

30

20

30

-

40

-

40

40

30

-

30

-

30

-

-

Tendonitis

100

180

170

30

100

70

60

80

100

-

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Multiple traumatic injuries

600

850

630

250

470

260

350

380

370

380

340

310

250

210

260

130

130

50

With fractures

100

100

40

50

90

20

50

-

20

80

-

40

60

-

40

-

-

-

With sprains

340

390

400

120

160

150

230

230

250

140

230

120

80

150

70

60

80

50

Soreness, pain

5,130 2,980 3,980 3,940 1,830 2,130 1,190 1,150 1,850 1,440 1,520 1,550 1,070 1,120 1,150

370

390

400

All other

2,870 3,810 3,490 1,800 2,800 2,370 1,070 1,020 1,120 1,680 1,510

500

490

240

(1)

990 1,180 1,020

750

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Couriers and messengers
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)
2014

2015

Waste management and remediation services

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Event or exposure leading to
injury or illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment

4,190 4,610 5,510 1,950 2,070 2,580 2,230 2,550 2,930 3,210 3,530 2,580 1,990 2,080 1,610 1,220 1,450

970

Struck by object or
equipment

2,340 2,830 3,370 1,090 1,290 1,560 1,250 1,530 1,810 1,910 2,040 1,550 1,150 1,350

980

760

690

560

Struck against object or
equipment

1,060

Caught in or compressed by
object or equipment

980 1,020

500

430

440

560

540

580

700

640

340

480

240

220

230

400

120

700

280

290

410

370

420

460

450

690

540

250

400

290

200

290

250

4,290 4,940 4,860 2,590 2,960 2,850 1,700 1,980 2,000 3,520 2,550 2,560 2,510 1,660 1,740 1,010

890

820

650

Falls, slips, trips
Fall to lower level

560

350

360

880

420

460

100

160

140

Fall on same level

2,380 2,490 2,520 1,590 1,570 1,450

800

920 1,060 1,700 1,340 1,360 1,090

850

950

610

500

410

Slips, trips without fall

1,050 1,370 1,270

530

670

320

280

250

210

240

Overexertion and bodily
reaction

830 1,020

870

940

480

520

660

700

760

380

510

980

650

590

520

610

530

400

11,410 11,910 13,030 6,930 6,530 6,330 4,490 5,380 6,700 4,510 4,530 3,400 2,710 2,640 1,660 1,800 1,880 1,740

Overexertion in lifting or
lowering
Repetitive motion involving
microtasks
Exposure to harmful
substances or environments
Transportation incidents
Roadway incidents involving

3,730 3,990 5,150 2,080 1,980 2,390 1,650 2,020 2,760 1,470 1,630 1,070

810

960

490

670

670

580

350

390

440

200

140

210

150

250

230

210

190

110

150

110

60

60

80

50

190

350

390

130

260

270

70

90

120

300

250

370

230

170

260

70

80

110

1,350 1,250 1,080

890

990

820

460

260

260 1,210 1,010 1,460 1,010

780 1,250

200

230

210

560 1,090

110

190

110

790

950

710

620

780

510

160

160

200

930

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

40

-

-

40

-

-

-

-

-

Violence and other injuries by
persons or animal

290

340

430

170

190

160

120

150

270

140

200

110

100

180

50

40

-

60

Intentional injury by other
person

30

40

50

20

20

30

-

30

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

20

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

250

280

360

140

160

120

100

120

240

140

190

100

100

180

40

40

-

60

150

110

170

60

80

50

90

30

120

260

210

180

60

70

140

200

140

40

620

910

950

430

680

750

190

230

200

760

970

480

670

820

370

90

150

110

110

90

160

80

40

140

30

50

20

300

220

100

250

150

90

50

70

-

300

340

300

170

230

170

140

110

130

140

120

60

80

50

50

60

70

-

motorized land vehicles
Fires and explosions

Injury by person unintentional or intent
unknown
Animal and insect related
incidents
All other

750 1,200

820

Part of body affected by the
injury or illness(5)
Head
Eye
Neck
Trunk
Back
Upper extremities
Shoulder

(1)

5,990 6,510 7,360 3,420 3,610 3,620 2,570 2,900 3,740 2,740 2,970 2,690 1,750 1,920 1,630

980 1,050 1,060

4,630 4,970 5,750 2,580 2,680 2,750 2,040 2,290 3,000 2,030 2,070

780

2,110 1,250 1,270 1,270

800

840

6,150 6,680 7,730 3,100 3,250 3,520 3,050 3,440 4,210 4,810 4,400 3,150 3,090 2,200 1,690 1,720 2,210 1,460
1,960 2,050 2,450 1,140 1,200 1,240

820

850 1,210 1,500 1,210

810 1,060

580

480

440

630

330

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Couriers and messengers
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)

Waste management and remediation services

DAFW(2)

2014

2015

Arm

1,070

1,110 1,460

450

670

810

620

Hand(s)

1,640 1,860 2,270

670

750

850

970

510

350

360

380

Wrist

900

Lower extremities

2016

960

2014

930

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

440

2014

2015

2016

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
910

450

230

310

390

260

1,110 1,420 1,540 1,680 1,350

840

780

760

700

900

580

170

270

180

200

170

200

560

370

840

DJTR(3)

490

610

650 1,220

DAFW(2)

440

380

7,040 6,950 7,240 4,450 3,960 3,960 2,590 2,990 3,280 3,330 2,660 2,760 2,010 1,770 1,630 1,330

890 1,120

Knee

2,780 2,420 2,450 1,990 1,620 1,460

790

800

990 1,340

940

830

770

640

360

570

300

470

Ankle

2,170 1,730 1,680 1,390

970

880

770

760

800

870

720

710

540

440

450

330

280

270

Foot

1,040 1,160 1,610

490

550

790

550

610

820

420

430

500

270

240

350

150

190

150

130

280

260

50

90

100

130

110

190

110

100

170

30

-

20

990 1,060

780

570

670

720

980

930 1,210

840

670 1,060

140

250

150

Body systems

190

Multiple

370

360

1,550 1,720 1,490

All other

40

30

30

40

-

-

-

20

20

300

130

120

110

70

120

200

60

-

50

40

90

30

30

70

20

-

20

140

110

130

110

70

110

30

40

-

960 1,000 1,020

900

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers

7,500 8,710 10,440 3,930 4,250 4,890 3,570 4,460 5,550 2,310 2,200 1,850 1,300 1,180

Furniture, fixtures

140

150

190

70

70

100

70

80

90

350

230

110

210

140

60

140

90

40

Machinery

610

820

750

240

420

280

370

400

470

380

440

280

240

260

150

150

170

130

Parts and materials

1,210 1,200 1,430

700

610

660

510

590

770 1,140 1,180

1,110

670

760

630

470

410

490

Floors, walkways, ground
surfaces

2,440 2,740 2,850 1,540 1,740 1,560

900

990 1,290 1,730 1,510 1,390 1,130

940

950

600

570

440

560

250

230

200

110

Vehicles

3,670 3,130 2,730 2,450 2,100 1,690 1,220 1,040 1,030 2,890 2,230 2,180 2,400 1,480 1,670

490

750

510

Person, injured or ill worker

4,910 5,090 5,030 3,050 2,870 2,750 1,850 2,220 2,270 1,910 1,880 1,770 1,160 1,160

910

750

720

850

Worker motion or position

4,840 4,990 4,850 3,000 2,790 2,630 1,840 2,200 2,230 1,890 1,750 1,730 1,140 1,040

890

750

710

840

Handtools

80

Person, other than injured or ill
workers

80

All other

80

70

120

30

40

70

50

40

80

70

40

50

20

30

1,120 1,420 1,630

560

870

880

560

550

50

30

460

760

-

360

-

-

230

-

-

-

-

-

-

750 1,790 1,630 1,410 1,150

950

950

650

680

460

Gender
Male

17,240 18,090 19,100 9,580 9,970 9,740 7,650 8,120 9,360 12,420 11,510 10,350 8,230 6,960 6,560 4,190 4,550 3,790

Female
Gender not reported

4,650 5,420 6,370 3,140 3,100 3,330 1,500 2,320 3,040

550

760

310

390

630

140

160

130

160

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

210

-

-

20

-

-

190

-

-

600

820

900

160

190

260

430

620

650

50

160

210

-

90

160

30

70

40

990 1,390 1,200 1,360 1,640 1,860

880

770

860

470

480

570

410

290

290

Age
Age group (16–19 yrs.)
Age group (20–24 yrs.)

2,340 3,030 3,060

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

4,280 5,160 6,510 1,990 2,520 2,830 2,290 2,640 3,690 2,290 2,720 2,160 1,530 1,470 1,240

750 1,260

920

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

5,320 5,410 5,270 3,010 3,060 2,840 2,310 2,350 2,430 3,800 3,170 2,700 2,580 2,060 1,910 1,220 1,110

800

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

6,000 6,100 6,000 3,880 3,910 3,520 2,110 2,200 2,480 3,270 3,290 3,020 2,050 2,250 1,720 1,220 1,040 1,300

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

2,870 2,640 3,430 2,250 1,730 2,220

620

910 1,210 2,120 1,450 1,290 1,600

830

860

520

630

430

Age group (65+ yrs.)

160

300

290

140

230

210

20

60

80

170

110

190

150

60

150

30

50

50

Age group (not reported)

310

50

-

310

30

-

-

20

-

610

610

220

260

370

90

350

240

130

Race or ethnic origin(6)

(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
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Couriers and messengers
Case and worker
characteristics

DART(1)
2014

American Indian or Alaska
native

2015

Waste management and remediation services

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

50

30

40

50

20

30

-

-

-

80

20

80

40

-

80

30

-

-

130

220

190

100

210

170

30

-

20

-

40

40

-

-

-

-

-

20

Black or African American

1,770 2,210 2,090 1,640 1,880 1,660

120

330

430 1,120 1,050

930

850

570

650

260

490

280

Hispanic or Latino

1,430 1,100 1,440 1,100 1,010 1,090

330

90

350 1,990 1,730 1,590 1,240 1,070

830

750

660

760

60

-

-

-

20

-

-

4,110 3,340 2,990

170

420

Asian

Native Hawaiian or Other
Pacific Islander

30

White
Race not reported

20

60

4,280 3,750 3,550

30

20

-

40

-

-

20

-

560 4,710 4,790 3,890 3,460 3,350 2,750 1,240 1,450 1,140

14,190 16,190 18,110 5,680 6,600 7,070 8,510 9,580 11,030 5,200 4,630

4,110 2,970 2,580 2,360 2,230 2,050 1,750

Multi-race

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hispanic and other

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Less than 3 months

2,490 2,310 3,350 1,080 1,040 1,260 1,400 1,260 2,090 1,210 1,530 1,530

750

990 1,070

460

540

460

3–11 months

3,030 3,740 4,190 1,680 2,120 2,050 1,350 1,620 2,140 2,710 2,390 2,090 1,790 1,340 1,310

920 1,050

770

1–5 years

3,610 4,920 5,960 1,930 2,650 3,140 1,670 2,270 2,820 4,310 4,170 3,770 2,920 2,770 2,480 1,390 1,400 1,290

Length of service with
employer

5 years

12,420 12,510 11,940 7,690 7,240 6,610 4,720 5,270 5,330 4,680 3,730 3,140 3,100 2,270 1,760 1,580 1,460 1,380

Length of service not reported

340

40

30

330

20

-

-

20

20

280

460

140

90

230

90

190

230

50

Management, business, and
financial

60

110

150

30

70

90

30

40

60

80

120

70

30

90

50

50

30

-

Computer, engineering, and
science

-

30

30

-

20

20

-

-

-

50

100

30

-

60

-

30

30

20

Education, legal, community
service, arts, and media

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

420

-

-

420

-

-

-

Healthcare practitioners and
technical

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

20

110

80

20

90

50

-

-

40

150

110

50

100

30

40

50

80

-

-

40

40

-

30

30

-

20

-

-

20

-

-

20

-

-

-

-

980 1,340 1,130

560

770

430

430

570

700

270

50

40

200

40

20

70

-

-

Summary occupational
groups(7)

Service
Sales and related
Office and administrative
support
Farming, fishing, and forestry

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Construction and extraction

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

790

740

900

450

390

710

340

350

200

Installation, maintenance, and
repair

310

430

410

210

290

270

100

140

140

860 1,220

750

490

730

390

370

490

360

Production

170

50

180

80

20

80

90

30

100

690

530

420

240

210

270

280

320

Transportation and material
moving
(1)

520

20,310 21,400 23,440 11,820 11,780 12,100 8,490 9,620 11,340 10,260 9,400 7,880 6,930 5,990 4,850 3,330 3,420 3,020

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 5c. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or
job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry
and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Case and worker
characteristics

Hospitals

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Accommodation
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DART(1)

Case and worker
characteristics

Hospitals
DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

Accommodation
DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

2014

Total
Musculoskeletal
disorders(4)

2015 2016 2014 2015(2) 2016 2014 2015(3) 2016 2014 2015(1) 2016 2014 2015(2) 2016 2014 2015(3) 2016
DART(1)
DAFW
DJTR
DART
DAFW
DJTR
95,930 91,830 91,050 56,580 53,250 52,190 39,360 38,580 38,860 39,100 41,730 36,620 21,290 22,510 19,200 17,810 19,220 17,420
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
47,410 44,200 45,180 25,340 23,340 23,510 22,070 20,850 21,670 13,100 14,690 12,650 6,340 7,080 6,090 6,760 7,610 6,550

Nature of injury or
illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears

54,820 51,180 51,010 29,630 27,380 26,290 25,190 23,800 24,710 15,100 15,580 14,060 7,090 7,540 6,650 8,010 8,040 7,410

Fractures

3,890 4,070 3,590 3,100 3,220 2,900

780

Cuts, lacerations,
punctures

2,490 2,520 2,700 1,570 1,410 1,600

920

2,110 2,120 2,120 1,270 1,190 1,150

840

930

970 3,450 3,740 3,240 1,750 1,860 1,530 1,700 1,890 1,710

80

180

130

Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except
gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions

370

400

570

10,120 10,820 10,520

300

220

450

850

690 1,740 1,880 1,460 1,360 1,520 1,120

380

360

340

1,110 1,090 3,790 4,190 3,560 1,940 2,180 1,710 1,850 2,020 1,850

340

450

320

190

320

180

150

130

140

6,110 6,470 6,190 4,010 4,350 4,340 5,070 4,860 4,560 2,170 2,010 2,020 2,900 2,840 2,540

Heat (thermal) burns

840

700

820

520

460

530

320

240

280

750

940

780

370

590

380

380

350

400

Chemical burns and
corrosions

210

120

140

150

80

120

60

40

20

130

120

50

80

80

30

40

40

20

Amputations

50

40

20

40

40

-

-

-

-

80

40

40

60

20

20

-

20

20

Carpal tunnel
syndrome

250

240

210

170

160

140

80

80

70

130

100

100

80

80

60

50

20

40

Tendonitis

470

380

370

190

190

150

280

200

220

80

110

140

40

90

40

40

30

90

980 1,130 1,020

960

520

580

430

610

440

520

Multiple traumatic
injuries

2,500 2,560 2,170 1,500 1,540 1,190 1,000 1,020

With fractures

180

With sprains
Soreness, pain

120

120

160

100

100

20

20

30

120

60

80

90

50

20

30

-

60

1,800 1,700 1,520 1,020

960

740

780

740

790

730

570

640

230

250

310

500

320

330

11,700 11,020 11,600 7,430 6,650 7,290 4,270 4,370 4,310 6,410

All other

8,110 6,940 4,290 4,470 3,990 2,120 3,640 2,950

8,590 8,180 7,920 6,160 5,660 5,770 2,430 2,510 2,150 4,690 4,770 3,980 3,280 3,340 2,740 1,410 1,430 1,240

Event or exposure
leading to injury or
illness(5)
Contact with object,
equipment

12,420 12,390 12,280 7,220 7,300 7,250 5,200 5,090 5,030 11,010 11,110 9,780 5,690 5,630 4,770 5,320 5,480 5,010

Struck by object or
equipment

7,030 7,070 6,980 4,170 4,070 4,170 2,860 3,010 2,810 6,270 6,450 6,000 3,130 3,230 2,930 3,140 3,220 3,070

Struck against
object or equipment

3,520 3,450 3,220

Caught in or
compressed by
object or equipment

1,470 1,470 1,530

Falls, slips, trips

1,240 1,200 1,290

(1)

780

670

750

690

870 1,020 1,240

770

620

640

320

400

600

460

870

820

760

360

380

530 1,170 1,130 1,030

820

740

580

360

400

450

16,590 16,560 14,330 11,090 10,720 9,160 5,500 5,840 5,170 7,970 8,490 7,650 4,800 4,990 4,400 3,170 3,490 3,240

Slips, trips without
fall
Overexertion and
bodily reaction

720

21,100 20,620 18,510 13,930 13,230 11,720 7,180 7,400 6,800 11,170 11,400 10,490 6,790 6,710 5,970 4,380 4,690 4,520

Fall to lower level
Fall on same level

2,110 2,170 2,040 1,410 1,280 1,190 3,450 2,960 2,690 1,820 1,520 1,380 1,630 1,450 1,310

3,160 2,790 2,670 1,900 1,650 1,650 1,260 1,140 1,030 1,820 1,670 1,620 1,080

890

860

740

790

760

48,580 45,270 46,070 26,140 24,040 24,150 22,430 21,230 21,920 13,630 15,570 13,070 6,660 7,700 6,390 6,970 7,870 6,680

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Case and worker
characteristics

Hospitals
DART(1)
2014

Overexertion in
lifting or lowering

2015

Accommodation

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

11,190 10,850 11,540 5,990 5,690 6,060 5,200 5,160 5,480 3,900 4,580 3,840 1,940 2,330 1,720 1,960 2,240 2,120

Repetitive motion
involving microtasks

2,350 1,990 2,040 1,060

Exposure to harmful
substances or
environments

940

940 1,290 1,050

3,220 3,030 3,020 2,350 2,240 2,240

Transportation
incidents

1,110

780 1,030

850

400

450

410

380

570

440

870

800

770 1,520 2,060 1,790

870 1,360 1,150

650

700

640

450

690

680

370

560

530

80

130

150

470

570

430

360

400

240

110

170

190

330

490

480

270

380

350

50

110

130

160

220

110

130

170

70

30

50

40

-

-

20

-

-

20

-

-

-

20

30

40

-

20

30

-

-

-

Violence and other
injuries by persons or
animal

9,950 9,620 10,260 6,400 5,840 6,190 3,550 3,780 4,070

850

880

710

690

590

370

170

290

350

Intentional injury by
other person

5,090 5,090 5,480 3,410 3,230 3,490 1,680 1,860 1,990

350

260

220

320

220

120

30

40

100

4,530 4,220 4,330 2,720 2,370 2,360 1,800 1,850 1,970

240

300

230

150

100

80

90

200

150

Roadway incidents
involving motorized
land vehicles
Fires and explosions

Injury by person unintentional or
intent unknown
Animal and insect
related incidents
All other

280

290

400

240

230

310

50

60

90

260

320

260

210

270

170

50

50

100

200

200

200

150

50

90

50

160

110

420

120

320

210

90

270

200

30

40

4,020 3,890 4,140 3,350 3,220 3,520

680

660

610 1,940 2,480 2,000 1,560 1,780 1,500

380

710

500

650

120

70

110

540

760

580

410

640

390

120

120

190

2,050 1,710 1,820 1,210 1,030 1,030

840

680

790

330

390

300

190

150

190

140

240

100

Part of body affected
by the injury or
illness(5)
Head
Eye

810

Neck
Trunk
Back
Upper extremities

710

760

690

640

30,620 29,040 28,370 17,790 16,160 15,590 12,830 12,870 12,790 8,380 9,540 7,690 4,410 5,250 4,010 3,980 4,290 3,680
26,000 25,110 24,640 14,810 13,740 13,230 11,190 11,370 11,420 6,650 7,700 6,150 3,240 4,020 3,050 3,410 3,670 3,100
29,030 28,140 28,220 15,050 14,620 14,170 13,980 13,520 14,050 14,140 16,080 14,080 6,980 7,510 6,280 7,160 8,570 7,800

Shoulder

9,800 9,430 9,450 5,230 4,830 4,840 4,570 4,600 4,610 2,730 3,290 3,090 1,400 1,550 1,400 1,330 1,740 1,690

Arm

3,990 3,930 3,930 2,180 2,180 2,130 1,810 1,750 1,800 2,060 2,240 2,210 1,100 1,150 1,150

Hand(s)

8,120 8,120 8,060 4,280 4,220 3,980 3,840 3,900 4,070 6,150 7,170 5,880 2,860 3,250 2,480 3,290 3,920 3,400

Wrist

4,830 4,500 4,580 2,260 2,280 2,250 2,570 2,220 2,330 2,100 2,390 1,850 1,090 1,130

Lower extremities

960 1,090 1,050

870 1,010 1,270

980

17,210 16,680 16,420 10,740 10,220 10,110 6,470 6,460 6,300 9,240 9,010 8,010 5,200 5,100 4,570 4,030 3,910 3,440

Knee

7,360 7,150 7,450 4,720 4,510 4,610 2,650 2,640 2,840 3,750 3,640 3,120

Ankle

4,250 3,560 3,560 2,550 2,170 2,130 1,700 1,390 1,430 2,200 2,250 1,900 1,230 1,240 1,120

970 1,010

780

Foot

3,230 3,530 3,280 2,010 1,990 2,040 1,220 1,540 1,230 1,920 1,560 1,490 1,100

910

940

820

650

540

1,330

480

320

110

100

70

Body systems
Multiple

120

110

160

510

580

390

400

11,160 10,950 10,420 6,900 6,770 6,340 4,260 4,180 4,080 4,150 3,490 4,030 2,310 2,130 2,270 1,840 1,360 1,760

All other

(1)

1,110 1,300 1,210 1,000 1,140

2,110 2,000 1,730 1,640 1,650 1,380

520

320

360

330

220

290

190

100

70

410

160

120

240

110

50

160

50

60

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Case and worker
characteristics

Hospitals
DART(1)
2014

2015

Accommodation

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

Source of injury or
illness(5)
Chemical, chemical
products

1,240 1,330 1,240

Containers

6,440 6,370 5,950 3,630 3,390 3,200 2,810 2,970 2,750 4,790 5,210 4,160 2,210 2,490 1,980 2,580 2,720 2,180

Furniture, fixtures

6,140 5,980 6,080 3,310 3,600 3,620 2,830 2,380 2,460 5,130 4,750 4,550 3,000 2,330 2,230 2,130 2,420 2,320

Machinery

2,200 2,150 1,990 1,290 1,300 1,210

920

860

780 1,790 1,890 1,810 1,090 1,170

870

700

730

940

Parts and materials

1,130

520

440

370

360

320

220

390

Floors, walkways,
ground surfaces

940 1,050

970

610

890

500

970

670

270

440

270

440

700

750

650

470

740

290

380

470

430

300

150

280

170

15,880 15,750 13,900 10,760 10,220 8,860 5,120 5,530 5,050 7,810 8,410 7,590 4,670 4,990 4,320 3,140 3,420 3,280

Handtools

1,020 1,220 1,180

Vehicles

3,130 3,300 3,610 1,960 2,070 2,160 1,170 1,230 1,450 2,450 2,680 2,190 1,080 1,350 1,030 1,380 1,330 1,160

Person, injured or ill
worker
Worker motion or
position

550

610

660

470

610

12,960 11,800 11,930 7,420 6,680 6,810 5,540 5,120

520 1,550 1,700 1,760

670

800

820

880

900

950

5,110 6,910 7,590 6,240 3,740 3,960 3,430 3,170 3,630 2,820

12,660 11,460 11,530 7,140 6,420 6,510 5,510 5,040 5,030 6,710 7,200 6,050 3,560 3,600 3,260 3,150 3,600 2,790

Person, other than
injured or ill workers

34,830 33,230 34,210 19,540 18,040 18,340 15,290 15,190 15,870

All other

10,680 9,470 9,640 6,350 5,770 5,520 4,330 3,700 4,120 6,540 7,080 6,200 3,500 3,910 3,360 3,040 3,170 2,850

710

720

590

530

410

300

180

310

280

Gender
Male

20,150 18,990 19,410 12,820 11,780 12,200 7,320 7,200 7,210 15,020 16,160 14,300

Female

75,730 72,730 71,420 43,720 41,420 39,850 32,010 31,300 31,570 24,030 25,520 22,000 13,160 13,500 11,270 10,870 12,030 10,740

Gender not reported

8,110 8,970 7,700 6,910 7,180 6,600

60

120

220

40

50

150

20

70

80

40

50

310

-

40

230

30

-

80

460

460

460

280

300

250

180

160

210

770

880

730

410

550

320

360

330

420

Age
Age group (16–19 yrs.)
Age group (20–24 yrs.)

5,670 5,850 5,880

3,110 2,890 3,040 2,560 2,960 2,840 3,670 3,630 3,490 1,760 1,660 1,770 1,910 1,970 1,720

Age group (25–34 yrs.) 20,400 19,000 19,240 11,310 10,240 10,380 9,100 8,770 8,860 6,850 7,700 6,900 3,780 3,890 3,430 3,070 3,800 3,470
Age group (35–44 yrs.) 21,190 19,910 19,310 12,140 11,280 10,550 9,050 8,630 8,760 7,590 8,480 6,630 4,160 4,510 3,380 3,430 3,970 3,250
Age group (45–54 yrs.) 25,170 23,680 22,760 14,990 14,310 13,420 10,180 9,370 9,330 10,310 9,890 8,900 5,560 5,480 4,790 4,750 4,410

4,110

Age group (55–64 yrs.) 19,460 19,240 19,230 12,280 11,820 11,810 7,180 7,420 7,420 7,530 7,420 7,290 4,220 4,030 3,950 3,310 3,390 3,340
Age group (65+ yrs.)
Age group (not
reported)

2,790 3,020 2,990 1,920 2,120 1,980

870

900 1,020 1,310 2,190 1,690

780 1,510 1,000

530

680

680

770

660 1,180

540

300

770

220

360

410 1,070 1,540

970

610

870

540

460

660

430

260

250

170

150

210

90

90

120

210

140

380

170

130

40

50

940 1,150 1,030 1,780 1,870 1,770 1,240 1,330 1,210

540

540

560

Race or ethnic
origin(6)
American Indian or
Alaska native

330

280

420

Asian

2,420 2,350 2,380 1,480 1,200 1,350

Black or African
American

9,570 9,420 9,080 6,320 5,520 5,790 3,250 3,910 3,290 4,140 3,650 3,410 2,370 1,890 2,050 1,770 1,760 1,370

Hispanic or Latino

6,360 6,950 5,670 3,870 4,150 3,420 2,500 2,800 2,260 9,630 11,070 8,930 5,040 5,510 4,280 4,590 5,560 4,650

Native Hawaiian or
Other Pacific Islander
(1)

310

260

280

220

120

170

90

140

110

360

310

270

210

240

170

150

60

90

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Case and worker
characteristics

Hospitals
DART(1)
2014

2015

Accommodation

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

DART(1)
2016

2014

2015

DAFW(2)
2016

2014

2015

DJTR(3)
2016

2014

2015

2016

White

33,860 32,010 28,790 19,550 18,580 16,870 14,300 13,420 11,920 9,150 8,670 8,060 5,530 5,550 4,470 3,620 3,120 3,580

Race not reported

43,030 40,490 44,440 24,870 23,460 24,360 18,160 17,030 20,070 13,700 15,720 13,920 6,710 7,580 6,810 6,990 8,140

7,110

Multi-race

60

50

40

30

40

20

30

-

20

30

20

30

20

-

30

-

-

-

Hispanic and other

70

50

50

70

30

-

-

20

30

30

-

20

20

-

-

-

-

-

Length of service
with employer
Less than 3 months

2,890 3,700 3,820 1,690 2,140 2,200 1,200 1,560 1,620 4,090 4,320 4,460 2,550 2,640 2,220 1,540 1,680 2,230

3–11 months

11,540 12,240 13,100 6,610 6,650 7,090 4,930 5,580 6,010 7,130 7,700 6,850 4,290 4,050 3,720 2,830 3,650 3,130

1–5 years

30,760 28,150 28,870 17,610 15,560 16,150 13,150 12,590 12,720 12,810 14,270 11,190 6,850 7,380 5,810 5,960 6,890 5,380

5 years

50,000 46,410 44,270 30,200 28,080 26,190 19,810 18,330 18,090 14,220 14,340 13,070 7,160 7,960 6,920 7,060 6,370 6,150

Length of service not
reported

730 1,330

980

470

820

570

260

510

410

860 1,120 1,050

430

490

520

420

630

530

770

670

480

330

400

520

440

Summary
occupational
groups(7)
Management,
business, and financial

2,260 2,440 2,530 1,230 1,290 1,200 1,030 1,150 1,330 1,070 1,000

Computer,
engineering, and
science

460

230

250

200

90

220

190

150

40

30

50

20

20

40

-

-

-

1,520 1,640 1,120

890

980

660

630

660

470

310

250

230

180

140

140

130

110

100

Healthcare
practitioners and
technical

45,630 43,750 42,840 26,140 24,770 24,170 19,490 18,980 18,680

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Service

37,840 36,280 36,920 23,080 21,690 21,460 14,760 14,600 15,470 31,140 32,900 29,180 16,720 17,390 15,270 14,420 15,510 13,910

Education, legal,
community service,
arts, and media

Sales and related
Office and
administrative support
Farming, fishing, and
forestry
Construction and
extraction
Installation,
maintenance, and
repair

220

400

170

200

110

90

120

120

90

80

520

660

480

4,490 4,080 4,000 2,740 2,310 2,490 1,750 1,770 1,510 1,310 1,570 1,190

240

460

310

280

200

170

870 1,010

610

440

560

580

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

30

40

160

20

20

80

-

20

80

630

400

530

370

310

400

260

90

130

250

200

220

130

140

140

120

60

80

1,510 1,430 1,460

940

820

890

570

610

570 2,330 2,580 2,270 1,390 1,630 1,250

940

950 1,020

Production

640

570

540

390

360

340

250

210

200 1,240 1,510 1,450

590

670

750

650

840

700

Transportation and
material moving

650

620

630

400

390

370

250

220

260

410

520

260

400

430

300

(1)

810

960

560

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 6a. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work
activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected
industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Case characteristics

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
DART(1)

https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

General merchandise stores
DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)
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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Case characteristics
Total
Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

2014Beverage
2015 2016
and 2014
tobacco
2015
product
2016manufacturing
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
General
2014
merchandise
2015 2016stores
2014 2015 2016
396DART
378.2(1)320.2 164.3DAFW
139.3(2)123.6 231.6DJTR
238.9(3)196.6 277.3DART
265.3(1)269.8 116.1DAFW
112.1(2)111.4 161.2DJTR
153.2(3)158.4
211.7 173.1 153.9 75.5 59.9 50.7 136.2 113.2 103.2 116.4 104.4 107.3 41.4 38.3
38
75
66 69.3
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears
Fractures

199.5 199.3 170.9

67.4

71.1

59 132.1 128.3 111.9 126.1 130.5

132

46.1

47.6

47.1

80

82.9

84.9

20

12.8

16.4

13.6

6.8

12.1

6.5

6

4.3

13.6

13.8

14.7

8

8.3

8.1

5.6

5.5

6.5

27.8

35.6

25.2

8.8

15.6

8.2

19

19.9

17

24

27.5

29.3

9.2

10.3

12.1

14.8

17.2

17.2

Cuts, lacerations

25

32.4

23.8

8.2

14.5

7.4

16.8

17.9

16.3

22.1

25.7

27.6

8.3

9.3

11.2

13.8

16.4

16.4

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

2.8

3.1

1.4

-

1.2

0.8

2.2

2

-

1.9

1.7

1.7

0.9

0.9

0.9

1

0.8

0.8

30.2

40.8

25.3

11.7

11.1

9.6

18.5

29.7

15.7

33

29.4

29

14.1

13.4

12.3

18.9

16

16.7

Heat (thermal) burns

4.3

3.8

4.2

3.7

2.9

1.4

-

0.9

2.8

1.2

1.2

1.2

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.8

0.7

0.7

Chemical burns and corrosions

3.5

1.6

2

3.3

1.2

1.1

-

-

0.9

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

1

1.1

2

0.9

1.1

1.8

-

-

-

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

1.7

1.2

-

1.7

-

-

-

0.9

-

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.5

0.2

0.2

-

0.9

1.3

-

-

-

-

-

1.2

0.6

0.4

0.1

0.2

0.1

-

0.4

0.3

0.1

6.6

11.3

8.3

4

1.5

5

2.6

9.8

3.3

4.9

3.1

1.8

2.5

2

1

2.4

1.1

0.8

With fractures

-

1.1

-

-

-

-

-

1.1

-

0.4

0.3

0.1

0.2

0.3

-

0.1

-

-

With sprains

-

5.9

6.8

-

-

3.6

-

5.4

3.2

3

1.5

0.7

1.4

0.9

0.3

1.6

0.5

0.5

Soreness, pain

55.8

33.1

27

23.5

12.3

10.5

32.3

20.9

16.5

42.4

30.3

32

17.8

13.3

13.7

24.6

17

18.4

All other

45.2

36.7

37.1

25.5

15

14.2

19.6

21.7

22.9

30

27.9

28.9

17.1

15.9

16.1

13

12

12.8

90.5 104.3

86.7

37.7

34.6

29.9

52.8

69.8

56.8

83.3

84.2

85.3

33.7

34.1

34.8

49.6

50

50.5

Struck by object or equipment

45.6

54.7

42.5

19.8

19.7

14.6

25.8

35

27.9

56.6

56.9

58.2

23.7

23.6

23.8

32.9

33.4

34.3

Struck against object or equipment

22.8

29.4

13.2

9.8

8.8

4.7

12.9

20.7

8.6

16.8

17.3

16.7

6.6

6.9

7.5

10.2

10.4

9.2

Caught in or compressed by object or
equipment

18.4

16.7

25.7

6.6

5.4

8.3

11.8

11.3

17.4

7.6

7

7.1

2.5

2.4

2.1

5.1

4.5

5

60.1

68.3

51.1

29.1

28.8

28.8

31

39.5

22.3

59.1

60.4

60.6

29.8

29.8

28.7

29.3

30.6

31.9

Fall to lower level

12.6

9

7.3

7.3

5.6

4.1

5.3

3.4

3.2

7.5

9

8.3

3.7

4.9

4.1

3.8

4.1

4.2

Fall on same level

34.1

38.8

28.3

16.1

16.2

17.5

18

22.5

10.7

42.6

43.1

44.3

22.1

21.1

21.4

20.5

22

22.9

Slips, trips without fall

12.8

17.9

14.6

5.3

6.3

7

7.5

11.5

7.6

8.6

7.4

7.4

3.9

3.3

3.1

4.7

4.2

4.3

217.9 174.7

160

78

60.2

52.8 139.9 114.5 107.1 121.4 108.1 111.8

44.1

40.7

41

77.3

67.4

70.8

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

Bruise, contusions

Amputations
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Tendonitis
Multiple traumatic injuries

Event or exposure leading to injury or
illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment

Falls, slips, trips

Overexertion and bodily reaction
Overexertion in lifting or lowering

83.9

68.8

57.6

30.6

21.2

18.3

53.3

47.6

39.3

50.4

47

48

17.8

17

17.2

32.6

30

30.8

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

13.3

9.2

11.4

5.5

3.6

3.8

7.9

5.6

7.6

6.3

6.1

5.1

2.2

2.4

2

4

3.7

3.1

9.4

10.2

9.4

8.3

7.6

5.1

1.1

2.6

4.3

5.2

4.9

4.7

3.4

3.1

2.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

14.9

18.5

11.3

9.2

6.7

6.4

5.7

11.8

4.8

2.3

1.9

2.2

1.3

1.2

1.2

0.9

0.8

1

5

5.5

4.5

2.9

3.4

2.6

2.1

2.1

1.9

0.3

0.5

0.6

0.2

0.3

0.3

-

0.2

0.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.1

0.1

0.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.1

1.1

0.7

1.4

-

-

-

-

-

4.3

4.2

3.8

2.9

2.5

2.1

1.4

1.7

1.7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.4

2.1

1.4

1.8

1.4

0.8

0.5

0.7

0.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.2

1.1

1.4

0.5

0.6

0.9

0.6

0.5

0.6

Exposure to harmful substances or
environments
Transportation incidents
Roadway incidents involving motorized
land vehicles
Fires and explosions
Violence and other injuries by persons or
animal
Intentional injury by other person
Injury by person - unintentional or intent
unknown

(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

30/41

9/28/22, 9:28 AM

A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Case characteristics

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
DART(1)

DAFW(2)

General merchandise stores

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Animal and insect related incidents
All other

-

1.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.7

1

1

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.5

0.6

1.1

0.8

1.2

-

-

-

-

-

1

1.6

1.5

1.2

0.7

0.7

0.6

0.9

0.8

0.6

17.7

13.4

11.6

12.7

9.1

9.2

5

4.3

2.4

19.7

20.4

22

13

13

14.7

6.7

7.3

7.4

5

4.9

4.8

3.1

3.4

3.9

1.9

1.4

0.9

3

2.9

3.1

2.1

1.9

2.1

0.9

1

0.9

3.4

2.5

2.8

2

-

1.7

1.4

2

1.1

4.3

2.2

2.8

1.3

1.1

1.1

3

1.1

1.8

132.1 111.6

93.8

47.7

43.8

33.8

84.4

67.8

60

70.4

67.3

68.3

28

28.8

27.9

42.4

38.5

40.4

103.1

75.2

36.2

34

26.1

66.9

59

49.1

55

51.2

53

20.8

21.3

21.1

34.2

29.9

31.8

115 116.5 115.5

37.5

36.8

34

77.5

79.7

81.5

92.7

94.5

96.1

29.7

30.7

31

63

63.9

65.2

Part of body affected by the injury or
illness(5)
Head
Eye
Neck
Trunk
Back
Upper extremities

93

Shoulder

32.6

32.4

27.7

10.7

10.4

7.9

22

22

19.8

27.5

26.4

26.1

9.8

8.9

9.3

17.7

17.4

16.8

Arm

20.1

14.2

24.5

6.1

3.1

5.4

14.1

11.1

19.1

14.5

17.2

18.4

4.6

5.9

6.1

9.9

11.3

12.4

Hand(s)

43.7

50

49.7

14

17

14.7

29.7

33

35

32.2

34.9

35.3

10.2

10.4

10.8

22

24.6

24.5

9.3

15.4

7.9

5.2

4.1

3

4.1

11.3

4.9

15

14.1

14.8

4

4.7

3.9

11

9.4

10.8

98.2 106.2

76.8

47.1

39.1

31.6

51.1

67.1

45.2

66.9

64.9

64.6

31.3

27.9

27.4

35.6

37

37.2

Knee

31.5

36.1

27.8

18.2

13.6

12.2

13.3

22.5

15.6

22.9

25.6

22.7

10.6

11

10.2

12.3

14.6

12.5

Ankle

24.4

19.9

20.3

9.6

7

9.3

14.7

12.9

11

11.2

11.7

10.4

5.2

4.9

4.7

6

6.7

5.7

Foot

26.6

27.9

15.4

12.5

10

5.5

14

17.9

9.8

22.6

20.1

23.4

10.7

7.9

8.9

11.9

12.2

14.5

1.5

1.6

1.9

1.5

-

1.8

-

0.8

-

4.2

4.5

4.1

3.7

3.8

3.4

0.6

0.6

0.7

Multiple

26.9

25.4

17.3

14.9

8.8

11.4

12.1

16.6

5.9

17.3

10.1

9.4

8.5

6.2

4.7

8.7

3.9

4.7

All other

1

1.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.8

1.4

2.4

0.6

0.6

1.3

1.2

0.8

1.1

4.4

5.6

3.6

4.1

4.2

2.5

-

1.3

1

2.8

1.9

1.8

2.2

1.2

1.2

0.6

0.7

0.7

149.2 105.7

96.8

57.8

32.3

27.9

91.3

73.3

68.9

79.9

71.8

74.6

29.8

28.2

27.5

50.1

43.6

47.1

Wrist
Lower extremities

Body systems

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers
Furniture, fixtures

5.9

8.4

7.4

1.1

2.8

2.1

4.8

5.6

5.3

22.6

21.1

19.4

9.1

9.7

8.4

13.5

11.5

11

Machinery

22

24.4

20.2

9.2

10.6

7.6

12.8

13.8

12.6

9.6

11.3

11.2

3.6

4.4

4.3

6.1

6.9

6.9

Parts and materials

16.9

20.7

20.7

5

8.8

7.6

11.9

11.9

13.2

9.7

8.3

7.6

3.7

3.2

3.3

6

5.2

4.3

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

31.4

40.4

25.4

16.3

17.4

16

15.1

23

9.4

39

39.6

40.3

20.2

19.6

19.5

18.8

20

20.9

Handtools

7.8

11

7.7

3.4

2.7

4.4

4.4

8.3

3.3

10.2

11.6

11.2

3.4

3.2

4

6.8

8.4

7.2

Vehicles

50

64.4

39.2

22.9

18.9

16.7

27.1

45.5

22.6

28.3

28.7

30.6

10.7

11.4

11.1

17.6

17.3

19.5

Person, injured or ill worker

78.8

63.7

63.8

31.5

28.3

24.3

47.3

35.4

39.5

40.6

38

37.9

16.8

15.8

16

23.9

22.2

21.9

Worker motion or position

76.9

63.4

62.9

29.7

28

23.8

47.2

35.4

39.1

38.5

35

34.8

15

13.6

13.6

23.4

21.3

21.2

1.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5.1

3.7

3.5

3.8

2.3

2.2

1.3

1.4

1.2

24.2

29.9

31.4

11.4

10.3

12.1

12.9

19.6

19.3

21.2

21.4

23.6

8.7

9.5

9.9

12.5

11.9

13.7

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 6b. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work
activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected
industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Couriers and messengers
Case characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Waste management and remediation services
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

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Couriers and messengers
Case characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Waste management and remediation services
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Total

524.7 532.8 548.8 305.2 296.3 281.6 219.5 236.5 267.1 339.5 301.7

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

268.3 255.8 266.7 162.8 138.2

127 105.5 117.6 139.7

113 106.3

264 222.6 186.7 166.2 116.9

115

97.9

83

67.9

63.4

40

45.1

42.9

43

231.2 248.3 257.4 118.1 120.2 120.1 113.1 128.1 137.2 156.3 129.2 119.1

94.4

74.9

62.7

61.9

54.3

56.4

Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears
Fractures

29.2

31.3

33.6

17.3

17.9

21.6

11.8

13.5

11.9

28.5

24.1

22.4

24

14.4

17.7

4.5

9.7

4.7

17

24.7

25.4

7.6

13.2

10

9.4

11.5

15.4

35.9

36.2

30.6

24.6

22.7

20.1

11.3

13.6

10.5

13.4

18.7

19.1

6.2

9.8

7.8

7.2

8.9

11.3

32.5

32.9

27.4

22.6

20.9

17.3

9.8

12

10.1

3.7

6

6.2

1.4

3.4

2.2

2.2

2.6

4

3.4

3.3

3.1

2

1.8

2.8

1.4

1.6

-

36.4

49

52.4

16

26.1

24.5

20.4

22.9

27.9

25.1

22.5

16.6

13.4

11.4

9.1

11.7

11.1

7.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.3

1.1

2.1

-

1

1.2

0.8

-

0.9

Chemical burns and corrosions

0.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1.1

-

-

0.9

-

0.8

-

Amputations

0.7

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.5

-

-

-

0.9

3.6

0.5

0.9

3.6

0.5

-

-

-

Carpal tunnel syndrome

1.1

1.4

0.9

0.8

0.5

0.6

-

1

-

0.9

1

0.7

-

0.7

-

0.8

-

-

Tendonitis

2.3

4.1

3.6

0.8

2.4

1.5

1.5

1.8

2.2

-

0.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

14.4

19.3

13.7

6

10.6

5.6

8.4

8.7

8

9.9

8.3

7.7

6.5

5.1

6.5

3.4

3.2

1.2

With fractures

2.3

2.3

0.9

1.2

2

0.5

1.1

-

0.5

2.1

-

0.9

1.6

-

0.9

-

-

-

With sprains

8.2

8.8

8.6

2.8

3.7

3.3

5.4

5.1

5.3

3.7

5.6

2.8

2.1

3.6

1.7

1.6

2

1.1

Soreness, pain

123.1

67.4

85.8

94.6

41.4

45.8

28.5

26.1

40

37

37.3

38.4

27.4

27.6

28.5

9.5

9.7

10

68.9

86.4

75.1

43.2

63.4

51.1

25.7

23

24.1

43.2

37

24.6

30.3

24.9

18.6

12.9

12.1

6

100.4 104.5 118.7

46.8

46.8

55.5

53.5

57.7

63.2

82.6

86.7

63.9

51.2

51.2

39.9

31.4

35.5

24

Cuts, lacerations, punctures
Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions
Heat (thermal) burns

Multiple traumatic injuries

All other
Event or exposure leading to injury or
illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment
Struck by object or equipment

56.2

64.1

72.5

26.2

29.3

33.7

29.9

34.7

38.9

49.2

50.1

38.3

29.7

33.1

24.4

19.5

16.9

13.9

Struck against object or equipment

25.4

22.2

21.9

12

9.8

9.5

13.4

12.3

12.4

18.1

15.8

8.4

12.3

6

5.5

5.8

9.8

2.9

Caught in or compressed by object or
equipment

15.6

15.9

18.8

6.6

6.5

8.8

9

9.5

10

11.5

16.9

13.5

6.5

9.8

7.2

5.1

7.1

6.3

102.8 111.8 104.6

62.1

67

61.5

40.7

44.8

43.2

90.7

62.7

63.4

64.6

40.8

43.1

26.1

21.9

20.2

Falls, slips, trips
Fall to lower level

20

23.1

20.3

11.5

15

12.2

8.5

8.2

8.1

25.2

14.4

15

22.7

10.4

11.4

2.5

4

3.5

Fall on same level

57.1

56.4

54.3

38

35.6

31.3

19.1

20.8

22.9

43.7

33

33.8

28

20.8

23.6

15.7

12.2

10.2

Slips, trips without fall

25.1

31.1

27.3

12.4

15.9

16.5

12.8

15.2

10.9

16.7

12.9

13

10.3

7.8

6.9

6.5

5.1

6.1

116 111.2

84.2

69.7

64.9

41.1

46.4

46.3

43.1

Overexertion and bodily reaction
Overexertion in lifting or lowering
Repetitive motion involving microtasks
Exposure to harmful substances or
environments
Transportation incidents
Roadway incidents involving motorized
land vehicles
Fires and explosions
Violence and other injuries by persons or
animal
Intentional injury by other person

(1)

273.7 269.9 280.8 166.1

148 136.5 107.6 121.9 144.3

89.5

90.5

111

50

44.8

51.5

39.5

45.7

59.5

38

40.1

26.5

20.8

23.7

12.1

17.1

16.4

14.4

8.5

8.8

9.5

4.9

3.3

4.6

3.6

5.6

4.9

5.4

4.7

2.7

4

2.6

1.4

1.5

2.1

1.3

4.6

7.9

8.3

3.1

5.8

5.9

1.6

2.1

2.5

7.7

6.2

9.2

6

4.2

6.5

1.7

2

2.7

32.5

28.4

23.3

21.4

22.5

17.6

11.1

5.8

5.7

31.2

24.9

36.1

26

19.2

30.9

5.2

5.6

5.3

18.8

21.4

15.3

15

17.8

11

3.9

3.7

4.3

23.8

18.5

29.7

21

13.8

26.9

2.8

4.7

2.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.1

-

-

1.1

-

-

-

-

-

6.9

7.7

9.3

4.1

4.3

3.5

2.8

3.4

5.8

3.5

5

2.7

2.6

4.5

1.1

0.9

-

1.5

0.8

1

1.1

0.5

0.4

0.7

-

0.6

0.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Couriers and messengers
Case characteristics

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

Waste management and remediation services
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Injury by person - unintentional or intent
unknown
Animal and insect related incidents
All other

-

0.4

0.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5.9

6.3

7.8

3.5

3.6

2.6

2.5

2.7

5.2

3.5

4.6

2.4

2.6

4.3

1

0.9

-

1.4

3.7

2.6

3.6

1.5

1.8

1.1

2.2

0.7

2.5

6.7

5.2

4.6

1.5

1.8

3.5

5.2

3.4

1.1

14.8

20.7

20.4

10.3

15.5

16.2

4.5

5.2

4.2

19.5

23.7

12

17.2

20.1

9.2

2.3

3.6

2.8

2.6

2

3.5

1.8

0.8

3

0.8

1.1

0.5

7.7

5.5

2.5

6.4

3.8

2.3

1.3

1.7

-

7.2

7.7

6.6

4

5.3

3.7

3.3

2.4

2.9

3.6

2.8

1.6

2

1.1

1.3

1.6

1.7

-

143.7 147.5 158.5

82.1

81.7

78

61.7

65.8

80.5

70.5

73

66.6

45.2

47.3

40.3

25.3

25.7

26.3

124

61.9

60.6

59.3

49

51.9

64.6

52.2

50.9

52.3

32.2

31.2

31.5

20

19.6

20.8

147.4 151.5 166.6

74.4

73.6

75.8

73

77.9

90.8 123.8 108.2

78

79.6

54

41.7

44.2

54.2

36.2

Part of body affected by the injury or
illness(5)
Head
Eye
Neck
Trunk
Back

111 112.5

Upper extremities
Shoulder

47.1

46.5

52.7

27.4

27.1

26.7

19.7

19.3

26

38.7

29.8

20

27.3

14.3

12

11.5

15.6

8.1

Arm

25.6

25.2

31.5

10.7

15.1

17.4

14.9

10.1

14.1

31.4

20.5

12.2

23.5

11

5.7

7.9

9.5

6.4

Hand(s)

39.3

42.1

48.9

16

17

18.2

23.4

25.1

30.6

39.6

41.2

33.3

21.7

19.2

18.9

17.9

22

14.4

Wrist

21.5

21.7

20

12.3

7.9

7.8

9.2

13.9

12.2

9.7

10.8

9.3

4.4

6.6

4.3

5.3

4.2

5

168.8 157.5 155.9 106.7

89.8

85.3

62.1

67.7

70.7

85.8

65.4

68.3

51.7

43.5

40.5

34.1

21.8

27.8

Lower extremities
Knee

66.6

54.9

52.8

47.8

36.6

31.5

18.8

18.2

21.3

34.4

23

20.6

19.7

15.6

8.9

14.7

7.4

11.7

Ankle

52

39.2

36.2

33.4

21.9

18.9

18.5

17.3

17.3

22.5

17.7

17.6

13.9

10.8

11

8.6

6.9

6.6

Foot

25

26.3

34.6

11.7

12.5

17

13.3

13.9

17.6

10.7

10.5

12.4

6.8

5.9

8.8

3.9

4.6

3.6

4.5

8.4

7.9

3.2

6.4

5.7

1.3

1.9

2.2

3.4

2.8

4.7

2.8

2.5

4.2

0.7

-

0.5

Multiple

37.3

39

32.2

23.7

23.9

16.8

13.6

15.1

15.5

25.1

22.7

30

21.6

16.5

26.2

3.6

6.2

3.8

All other

1

0.6

0.7

1

-

-

-

0.5

0.4

7.8

3.2

3

2.7

1.7

2.8

5.1

1.5

-

1.2

1

1.9

0.8

0.7

1.5

0.4

-

0.4

3.6

2.7

3.1

2.7

1.8

2.7

0.9

0.9

-

179.9 197.3

225

94.3

96.3 105.4

85.5

101 119.6

59.4

54

45.9

33.5

29

23.7

25.8

24.9

22.2

Body systems

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products
Containers
Furniture, fixtures

3.4

3.4

4.1

1.7

1.5

2.1

1.7

1.9

2

8.9

5.7

2.6

5.4

3.4

1.6

3.6

2.3

1

Machinery

14.6

18.5

16.3

5.8

9.4

6

8.8

9.1

10.2

9.9

10.7

6.9

6.1

6.4

3.6

3.8

4.3

3.3

Parts and materials

29.1

27.1

30.8

16.9

13.8

14.2

12.2

13.3

16.6

29.2

28.9

27.6

17.1

18.8

15.6

12.1

10.1

12

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

58.4

62

61.5

37

39.5

33.6

21.5

22.5

27.9

44.6

37.1

34.4

29.1

23

23.4

15.5

14

11

2

1.9

2.7

0.7

0.8

1.5

1.3

1

1.2

11.9

18.7

8.9

6

13.9

6.3

5.9

4.8

2.6

88

70.9

58.7

58.7

47.5

36.5

29.3

23.5

22.2

74.4

54.8

54.1

61.8

36.4

41.5

12.5

18.4

12.6

Person, injured or ill worker

117.7 115.3 108.3

73.2

65

59.3

44.5

50.3

49

49.1

46.2

43.8

29.9

28.5

22.6

19.2

17.7

21.1

Worker motion or position

116.1 113.1 104.6

72

63.3

56.6

44.1

49.8

48

48.5

42.9

42.8

29.3

25.5

22

19.2

17.4

20.8

Handtools
Vehicles

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)

2

1.5

1.7

1.7

0.9

1.1

0.4

0.6

0.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

26.9

32.1

35.2

13.3

19.7

18.9

13.5

12.4

16.2

46.2

40

34.9

29.6

23.3

23.6

16.6

16.8

11.3

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 6c. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work
activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected
industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Case characteristics

Hospitals
DART(1)

https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

DAFW(2)

Accommodation
DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)
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Case characteristics

2014 2015 2016 2014Hospitals
2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014
Accommodation
2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

251.1DART
240.5(1)234.3 148.1DAFW
139.5(2)134.3

103DJTR
101(3) 100 266.2DART
278.5(1)241.4 144.9DAFW
150.2(2)126.5 121.3DJTR
128.3(3) 114.9

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

124.1
66.3 2015
61.1 2016
60.5 2014
57.8 2015
54.6 2016
55.8 2014
89.2 2015
98 2016
83.4 2014
43.1 2015
47.2 2016
40.2 2014
46 2015
50.8 2016
43.2
2014 115.7
2015 116.2
2016 2014

Nature of injury or illness(5)
Sprains, strains, tears
Fractures

143.5

134 131.2

77.6

71.7

67.6

65.9

62.3

63.6 102.8

104

92.7

48.3

50.3

43.9

54.5

53.6

48.8

10.2

10.7

9.2

8.1

8.4

7.5

2.1

2.2

1.8

11.8

12.5

9.6

9.2

10.1

7.4

2.6

2.4

2.3

6.5

6.6

6.9

4.1

3.7

4.1

2.4

2.9

2.8

25.8

28

23.5

13.2

14.5

11.3

12.6

13.5

12.2

5.5

5.6

5.5

3.3

3.1

3

2.2

2.4

2.5

23.5

25

21.4

11.9

12.4

10.1

11.6

12.6

11.3

1

1

1.5

0.8

0.6

1.2

0.2

0.5

0.3

2.3

3

2.1

1.3

2.1

1.2

1

0.9

0.9

26.5

28.3

27.1

16

16.9

15.9

10.5

11.4

11.2

34.5

32.4

30.1

14.8

13.4

13.3

19.8

19

16.7

Heat (thermal) burns

2.2

1.8

2.1

1.4

1.2

1.4

0.8

0.6

0.7

5.1

6.3

5.1

2.5

4

2.5

2.6

2.3

2.6

Chemical burns and corrosions

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

0.9

0.8

0.3

0.6

0.5

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.2

Amputations

0.1

0.1

0

0.1

0.1

-

-

-

-

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.2

0.2

-

0.1

0.1

Carpal tunnel syndrome

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.9

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.4

0.3

0.1

0.2

Tendonitis

1.2

1

0.9

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.7

0.5

0.6

0.5

0.8

0.9

0.2

0.6

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.6

Multiple traumatic injuries

6.6

6.7

5.6

3.9

4

3.1

2.6

2.7

2.5

7.7

6.8

6.3

3.5

3.9

2.9

4.2

2.9

3.5

With fractures

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.1

0

0.1

0.8

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.3

0.1

0.2

-

0.4

With sprains

4.7

4.5

3.9

2.7

2.5

1.9

2

1.9

2

4.9

3.8

4.2

1.5

1.6

2

3.4

2.2

2.2

Soreness, pain

30.6

28.9

29.8

19.4

17.4

18.8

11.2

11.5

11.1

43.7

54.1

45.7

29.2

29.8

26.3

14.5

24.3

19.4

All other

22.5

21.4

20.4

16.1

14.8

14.8

6.4

6.6

5.5

32

31.9

26.2

22.4

22.3

18

9.6

9.6

8.2

32.5

32.4

31.6

18.9

19.1

18.6

13.6

13.3

12.9

75

74.1

64.5

38.7

37.6

31.4

36.2

36.5

33

18.4

18.5

18

10.9

10.6

10.7

7.5

7.9

7.2

42.7

43

39.6

21.3

21.6

19.3

21.3

21.5

20.3

9.2

9

8.3

5.5

5.7

5.2

3.7

3.3

3.1

23.5

19.8

17.7

12.4

10.1

9.1

11.1

9.7

8.6

3.8

3.8

3.9

1.9

2.1

1.7

2

1.8

2.2

7

8.2

5.1

4.2

4.2

2.1

2.7

4

3

55.2

54

47.6

36.5

34.6

30.1

18.8

19.4

17.5

76.1

76.1

69.1

46.2

44.8

39.4

29.8

31.3

29.8

Fall to lower level

3.2

3.1

3.3

2.3

2.1

2

0.9

1

1.4

8

7.5

6.8

5.6

4.9

3.8

2.4

2.6

2.9

Fall on same level

43.4

43.4

36.9

29

28.1

23.6

14.4

15.3

13.3

54.3

56.6

50.4

32.7

33.3

29

21.6

23.3

21.4

8.3

7.3

6.9

5

4.3

4.2

3.3

3

2.6

12.4

11.2

10.7

7.4

5.9

5.6

5

5.3

5

127.2 118.5 118.5

68.4

62.9

62.1

58.7

55.6

56.4

92.8 103.9

86.2

45.4

51.4

42.1

47.4

52.5

44

Cuts, lacerations, punctures
Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions

Event or exposure leading to injury or
illness(5)
Contact with object, equipment
Struck by object or equipment
Struck against object or equipment
Caught in or compressed by object or
equipment
Falls, slips, trips

Slips, trips without fall
Overexertion and bodily reaction
Overexertion in lifting or lowering

29.3

28.4

29.7

15.7

14.9

15.6

13.6

13.5

14.1

26.6

30.5

25.3

13.2

15.6

11.3

13.3

15

14

6.2

5.2

5.3

2.8

2.5

2.4

3.4

2.8

2.8

5.3

6.9

5.6

2.7

3

2.7

2.6

3.8

2.9

Exposure to harmful substances or
environments

8.4

7.9

7.8

6.2

5.9

5.8

2.3

2.1

2

10.4

13.8

11.8

5.9

9.1

7.6

4.5

4.7

4.2

Transportation incidents

1.2

1.8

1.8

1

1.5

1.4

0.2

0.3

0.4

3.2

3.8

2.9

2.5

2.7

1.6

0.7

1.1

1.2

0.9

1.3

1.2

0.7

1

0.9

0.1

0.3

0.3

1.1

1.5

0.7

0.9

1.1

0.4

0.2

0.4

0.3

-

-

0.1

-

-

0.1

-

-

-

0.1

0.2

0.2

-

0.2

0.2

-

-

-

26.1

25.2

26.4

16.8

15.3

15.9

9.3

9.9

10.5

5.8

5.9

4.7

4.7

4

2.4

1.1

1.9

2.3

13.3

13.3

14.1

8.9

8.5

9

4.4

4.9

5.1

2.4

1.7

1.4

2.2

1.5

0.8

0.2

0.3

0.7

11.9

11

11.2

7.1

6.2

6.1

4.7

4.8

5.1

1.6

2

1.5

1

0.7

0.5

0.6

1.3

1

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

Roadway incidents involving motorized
land vehicles
Fires and explosions
Violence and other injuries by persons or
animal
Intentional injury by other person
Injury by person - unintentional or intent
unknown

(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

34/41

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Case characteristics

Hospitals
DART(1)

Accommodation

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

DART(1)

DAFW(2)

DJTR(3)

2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Animal and insect related incidents

0.7

0.8

1

0.6

0.6

0.8

0.1

0.2

0.2

1.8

2.2

1.7

1.5

1.8

1.1

0.3

0.3

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.3

2.8

0.8

2.1

1.4

0.6

1.8

1.4

0.2

0.3

10.5

10.2

10.6

8.8

8.4

9.1

1.8

1.7

1.6

13.2

16.6

13.2

10.6

11.9

9.9

2.6

4.7

3.3

2.1

1.8

2

1.8

1.7

1.7

0.3

0.2

0.3

3.7

5.1

3.8

2.8

4.3

2.5

0.8

0.8

1.2

Neck

5.4

4.5

4.7

3.2

2.7

2.6

2.2

1.8

2

2.2

2.6

2

1.3

1

1.3

1

1.6

0.7

Trunk

80.2

76

73

46.6

42.3

40.1

33.6

33.7

32.9

57.1

63.7

50.7

30

35

26.5

27.1

28.7

24.2

68.1

65.7

63.4

38.8

36

34

29.3

29.8

29.4

45.3

51.4

40.5

22.1

26.8

20.1

23.2

24.5

20.4

76

73.7

72.6

39.4

38.3

36.5

36.6

35.4

36.2

96.3 107.3

92.8

47.5

50.1

41.4

48.8

57.2

51.4

Shoulder

25.7

24.7

24.3

13.7

12.7

12.5

12

12

11.9

18.6

22

20.4

9.5

10.4

9.2

9.1

11.6

11.1

Arm

10.4

10.3

10.1

5.7

5.7

5.5

4.7

4.6

4.6

14

14.9

14.5

7.5

7.7

7.6

6.5

7.3

6.9

Hand(s)

21.3

21.3

20.7

11.2

11

10.3

10.1

10.2

10.5

41.9

47.8

38.8

19.5

21.7

16.4

22.4

26.1

22.4

Wrist

12.7

11.8

11.8

5.9

6

5.8

6.7

5.8

6

14.3

16

12.2

7.4

7.5

5.7

6.9

8.5

6.5

45

43.7

42.2

28.1

26.8

26

16.9

16.9

16.2

62.9

60.1

52.8

35.4

34

30.1

27.5

26.1

22.7

Knee

19.3

18.7

19.2

12.3

11.8

11.8

6.9

6.9

7.3

25.5

24.3

20.5

14.4

13.3

11.4

11.2

11

9.1

Ankle

11.1

9.3

9.1

6.7

5.7

5.5

4.4

3.6

3.7

15

15

12.6

8.4

8.2

7.4

6.6

6.7

5.2

Foot

8.4

9.2

8.4

5.3

5.2

5.3

3.2

4

3.2

13.1

10.4

9.8

7.5

6.1

6.2

5.6

4.4

3.6

3.5

2.9

3.4

3.2

2.6

2.9

0.3

0.3

0.4

3.5

3.9

2.6

2.7

3.2

2.1

0.8

0.7

0.5

Multiple

29.2

28.7

26.8

18.1

17.7

16.3

11.1

10.9

10.5

28.3

23.3

26.6

15.7

14.2

14.9

12.5

9.1

11.6

All other

1.4

0.8

0.9

0.9

0.6

0.8

0.5

0.3

0.2

2.8

1.1

0.8

1.7

0.8

0.4

1.1

0.3

0.4

3.3

3.5

3.2

2.5

2.3

2.5

0.7

1.2

0.7

3

5

3.1

2

3.2

2

1

1.9

1.1

Containers

16.9

16.7

15.3

9.5

8.9

8.2

7.4

7.8

7.1

32.6

34.8

27.4

15

16.6

13

17.6

18.2

14.4

Furniture, fixtures

16.1

15.7

15.6

8.7

9.4

9.3

7.4

6.2

6.3

34.9

31.7

30

20.4

15.6

14.7

14.5

16.1

15.3

5.8

5.6

5.1

3.4

3.4

3.1

2.4

2.2

2

12.2

12.6

11.9

7.4

7.8

5.7

4.7

4.9

6.2

3

2.5

2.7

1.6

1.3

1.7

1.4

1.2

1

4.8

4.3

4.9

2.6

2.9

2.3

2.2

1.5

2.6

41.6

41.3

35.8

28.2

26.8

22.8

13.4

14.5

13

53.2

56.2

50.1

31.8

33.3

28.5

21.4

22.8

21.6

Handtools

2.7

3.2

3

1.4

1.6

1.7

1.2

1.6

1.3

10.6

11.4

11.6

4.6

5.3

5.4

6

6

6.2

Vehicles

8.2

8.6

9.3

5.1

5.4

5.6

3.1

3.2

3.7

16.7

17.9

14.4

7.3

9

6.8

9.4

8.9

7.7

Person, injured or ill worker

33.9

30.9

30.7

19.4

17.5

17.5

14.5

13.4

13.2

47.1

50.6

41.2

25.5

26.4

22.6

21.6

24.2

18.6

Worker motion or position

33.1

30

29.7

18.7

16.8

16.7

14.4

13.2

12.9

45.7

48

39.9

24.2

24

21.5

21.4

24

18.4

91.2

87

88

51.2

47.2

47.2

40

39.8

40.8

4.9

4.8

3.9

3.6

2.7

2

1.2

2.1

1.9

28

24.8

24.8

16.6

15.1

14.2

11.3

9.7

10.6

44.5

47.3

40.9

23.9

26.1

22.1

20.7

21.2

18.8

All other
Part of body affected by the injury or
illness(5)
Head
Eye

Back
Upper extremities

Lower extremities

Body systems

Source of injury or illness(5)
Chemical, chemical products

Machinery
Parts and materials
Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

Person, other than injured or ill workers
All other
(1)

Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted

work activity or job transfer (DJTR).
(2)

Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)

Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(5)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 7. Median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR)
by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
[–]

Case and worker
characteristics

Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing
2014

2015

2016

General
merchandise
stores
2014

https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

2015 2016

Couriers and
messengers
2014

2015 2016

Waste management
and remediation
services
2014

2015

2016

Hospitals
2014

2015 2016

Accommodation
2014

2015 2016

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Case and worker
characteristics

Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing
2014

Total

2015

General
merchandise
stores

2016

2014

Waste management
and remediation
services

Couriers and
messengers

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

2014

2015

Hospitals

2016

2014

Accommodation

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

14

12

14

19

17

18

16

17

16

10

9

12

14

15

15

12

14

14

14

14

16

25

24

24

19

19

19

10

12

13

16

17

17

15

21

15

Sprains, strains, tears

12

14

16

23

22

22

18

18

18

11

9

13

15

16

16

14

16

17

Fractures

24

40

42

32

40

28

32

37

36

43

26

51

43

30

46

30

33

27

Cuts, lacerations,
punctures

10

8

8

9

10

10

10

11

9

8

8

9

8

7

8

8

9

9

10

9

9

10

10

10

11

11

10

11

8

9

8

7

7

8

9

9

3

6

-

7

5

9

8

7

6

2

3

-

6

7

8

6

13

3

12

6

11

15

14

15

12

11

11

7

7

7

9

9

9

9

10

12

-

9

10

8

11

9

-

-

-

3

-

11

6

11

9

5

4

7

-

-

12

7

3

5

-

-

-

-

9

-

7

5

3

29

9

12

Amputations

-

-

-

20

17

86

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

7

Carpal tunnel
syndrome

-

93

-

91

41

31

-

30

-

15

-

-

37

48

80

7

95

45

Tendonitis

-

-

62

27

159

21

20

28

23

-

-

-

16

31

17

30

37

31

17

5

12

21

15

14

16

15

20

20

13

7

18

13

11

16

11

14

With fractures

-

32

-

36

-

-

41

-

27

-

-

-

27

8

21

21

-

60

With sprains

-

1

12

21

15

14

16

17

24

81

13

7

19

16

10

16

17

13

Soreness, pain

14

12

13

19

20

18

12

15

15

7

14

9

19

17

18

14

14

11

All other

21

7

23

16

15

15

20

16

17

6

14

10

14

14

16

16

15

14

14

10

10

13

12

12

14

14

13

8

8

9

10

10

10

9

9

10

Struck by object or
equipment

15

10

10

13

12

13

14

14

12

8

6

9

10

9

10

8

9

10

Struck against
object or equipment

10

8

7

12

12

12

12

14

13

6

8

11

9

9

9

12

8

13

21

12

8

13

13

15

15

13

14

8

16

13

11

13

11

7

11

10

14

7

17

22

22

23

15

18

18

11

8

9

14

16

14

14

14

14

Fall to lower level

15

12

13

21

26

24

13

19

14

10

13

7

16

16

14

12

16

14

Fall on same level

12

6

18

23

21

23

17

15

18

27

7

9

14

16

15

14

14

14

Slips, trips without
fall

13

12

27

17

21

20

14

18

18

11

7

14

14

15

14

16

14

15

14

14

17

25

24

23

19

19

19

10

14

14

17

17

17

15

21

15

14

13

16

25

27

23

17

18

21

13

14

14

15

17

16

15

19

15

Musculoskeletal
disorders(1)
Nature of injury or
illness(2)

Cuts, lacerations
Punctures (except
gunshot wounds)
Bruise, contusions
Heat (thermal) burns
Chemical burns and
corrosions

Multiple traumatic
injuries

Event or exposure
leading to injury or
illness(2)
Contact with object,
equipment

Caught in or
compressed by
object or equipment
Falls, slips, trips

Overexertion and
bodily reaction
Overexertion in
lifting or lowering

(1)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(3)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(4)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

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Case and worker
characteristics

Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing
2014

Repetitive motion
involving microtasks

2015

General
merchandise
stores

2016

2014

Waste management
and remediation
services

Couriers and
messengers

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

2014

2015

Hospitals

2016

2014

Accommodation

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

46

39

71

45

36

36

20

27

22

15

20

10

29

30

29

25

33

24

16

5

9

8

9

8

5

3

6

3

9

33

7

11

11

7

6

7

14

10

13

18

18

19

20

14

14

28

10

15

7

11

12

16

9

10

10

12

13

-

19

19

15

13

14

30

10

21

13

11

12

21

41

90

-

-

-

19

11

10

11

8

6

2

-

7

14

14

12

8

8

14

-

-

-

30

15

10

-

22

13

-

-

-

14

12

12

7

7

97

-

-

-

22

30

21

-

-

-

-

-

-

14

18

14

11

8

11

-

-

-

7

4

6

9

7

6

2

-

7

6

9

7

8

8

15

-

-

56

30

7

32

17

14

17

4

11

10

7

17

10

36

14

25

15

5

5

10

10

10

6

8

8

6

2

9

7

7

9

7

6

5

4

3

1

5

4

4

3

6

4

2

2

-

7

11

20

4

3

3

Neck

4

7

12

15

20

42

12

17

17

11

17

-

12

16

18

13

8

14

Trunk

11

11

12

21

20

20

17

16

17

11

10

9

14

14

14

14

15

15

11

11

12

22

21

20

19

17

18

12

8

13

14

15

15

15

16

15

15

17

17

19

17

18

20

17

16

11

10

11

16

17

15

11

14

12

Shoulder

14

23

21

34

30

30

20

23

27

10

13

15

22

22

22

18

40

14

Arm

19

15

20

19

23

23

20

13

14

15

15

10

17

16

17

14

14

12

Hand(s)

16

10

11

11

12

12

15

14

13

8

8

9

10

11

10

8

9

10

Wrist

18

28

9

31

23

18

19

23

21

75

10

44

18

18

20

14

14

19

16

9

15

17

17

17

14

17

15

9

9

14

14

13

14

11

13

14

Knee

20

9

23

27

22

23

16

18

16

10

18

14

16

15

20

13

14

15

Ankle

14

13

28

14

18

20

13

15

15

11

9

10

10

14

11

11

14

14

Foot

16

10

15

14

14

14

15

17

10

8

21

14

14

12

11

11

8

10

-

51

-

20

9

6

5

3

7

1

-

33

8

15

17

16

9

5

Multiple

12

12

15

21

29

25

16

20

20

8

11

18

15

18

17

16

12

14

All other

-

-

-

26

7

27

-

13

6

4

36

-

31

13

18

12

10

21

-

3

19

7

7

8

8

-

18

1

9

-

7

11

16

10

10

8

Containers

13

14

16

20

21

18

17

16

18

11

8

10

16

14

14

11

14

13

Furniture, fixtures

15

11

8

17

15

24

10

22

10

7

15

8

15

14

15

13

12

15

Machinery

28

9

8

14

13

12

15

14

14

9

8

14

9

14

18

14

7

9

Exposure to harmful
substances or
environments
Transportation
incidents
Roadway incidents
involving motorized
land vehicles
Violence and other
injuries by persons or
animal
Intentional injury by
other person
Injury by person unintentional or
intent unknown
Animal and insect
related incidents
All other
Part of body affected
by the injury or
illness(2)
Head
Eye

Back
Upper extremities

Lower extremities

Body systems

Source of injury or
illness(2)
Chemical, chemical
products

(1)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(3)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(4)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/2016/home.htm

37/41

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A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 : BLS Reports: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Case and worker
characteristics

Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing
2014

Parts and materials

2015

General
merchandise
stores

2016

2014

Waste management
and remediation
services

Couriers and
messengers

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

2014

2015

Hospitals

2016

2014

Accommodation

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

9

10

20

20

15

14

16

16

14

7

11

11

12

15

11

11

10

11

12

6

18

22

21

23

19

18

15

27

10

11

14

16

14

13

14

14

Handtools

15

10

8

10

10

9

20

13

9

12

9

7

11

9

10

7

9

8

Vehicles

12

12

13

18

16

18

20

17

14

8

14

14

13

13

15

16

13

15

Person, injured or ill
worker

16

13

16

29

22

25

16

20

18

10

14

13

18

18

18

15

20

17

Worker motion or
position

16

13

17

29

22

25

16

20

18

10

16

13

18

18

18

15

20

17

Person, other than
injured or ill workers

-

-

-

22

19

19

14

22

13

-

-

-

15

16

15

9

9

14

All other

9

22

11

15

14

15

11

10

11

7

7

10

13

14

12

12

14

11

Male

13

12

14

15

15

15

16

16

16

10

9

12

13

13

13

10

12

10

Female

20

13

15

21

20

19

21

19

17

15

13

10

15

16

15

14

14

15

-

-

11

32

1

15

-

-

-

4

-

-

33

13

7

8

-

22

Age group (16–19
yrs.)

16

29

10

13

10

11

13

12

13

4

5

5

13

8

14

7

11

9

Age group (20–24
yrs.)

9

10

16

13

13

13

14

14

14

7

14

10

10

12

12

8

8

13

Age group (25–34
yrs.)

12

8

13

17

15

16

16

15

17

12

8

13

14

14

14

12

13

10

12

14

16

22

22

23

20

19

20

9

9

13

16

15

15

12

14

13

16

14

11

25

20

22

17

20

14

10

11

10

15

17

16

13

14

14

15

13

18

24

24

28

17

21

17

13

13

14

15

17

16

15

15

15

32

9

9

22

25

19

36

12

21

10

65

18

20

19

14

12

20

15

15

24

38

32

14

24

-

61

-

4

8

13

21

14

13

15

13

20

-

-

-

24

19

18

-

-

-

8

-

-

14

11

12

10

30

14

-

155

-

20

20

25

8

-

17

-

-

6

15

26

17

14

16

15

Black or African
American

10

12

14

14

18

16

19

26

16

9

9

14

13

17

14

10

10

18

Hispanic or Latino

12

23

27

25

19

19

20

19

25

11

8

9

15

17

19

13

15

18

-

-

20

36

15

22

-

-

-

14

-

-

32

25

29

16

7

17

White

15

13

14

16

17

16

19

15

13

9

13

14

14

14

15

12

12

10

Race not reported

14

10

14

21

17

19

15

16

16

10

8

10

15

15

15

13

13

12

Multi-race

-

-

-

18

30

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

28

-

38

-

-

-

Hispanic and other

-

-

-

29

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

47

20

-

-

-

Floors, walkways,
ground surfaces

Gender

Gender not reported
Age

Age group (35–44
yrs.)
Age group (45–54
yrs.)
Age group (55–64
yrs.)
Age group (65+ yrs.)
Age group (not
reported)
Race or ethnic
origin(3)
American Indian or
Alaska native
Asian

Native Hawaiian or
Other Pacific Islander

Length of service
with employer
(1)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(3)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(4)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
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Case and worker
characteristics

Beverage and
tobacco product
manufacturing
2014

2015

General
merchandise
stores

2016

2014

Waste management
and remediation
services

Couriers and
messengers

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

2014

2015

Hospitals

2016

2014

Accommodation

2015 2016

2014

2015 2016

Less than 3 months

14

10

9

13

14

14

17

14

16

11

9

13

14

14

11

9

9

10

3–11 months

14

7

12

15

15

16

14

15

16

7

8

8

13

14

14

10

14

10

1–5 years

11

13

19

19

17

17

14

15

16

10

10

13

14

14

15

13

14

14

5 years

15

14

14

25

23

25

18

20

17

10

13

13

16

16

16

14

14

16

-

12

47

32

14

14

-

24

17

4

8

58

21

13

20

15

14

18

14

18

8

13

9

29

55

15

16

15

5

-

17

20

14

16

14

14

47

-

32

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

8

6

23

19

12

-

-

-

-

-

-

11

22

14

-

-

-

-

-

-

7

10

14

14

7

8

-

-

-

36

14

11

-

-

-

-

-

-

14

15

15

-

-

-

Service

20

24

10

16

16

15

-

-

42

5

45

-

14

15

15

12

14

14

Sales and related

12

2

15

22

19

19

-

14

-

-

-

-

28

21

22

14

12

16

14

16

20

19

19

18

19

15

10

106

-

-

16

14

20

12

20

8

4

55

12

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

7

-

-

-

12

10

17

-

-

-

8

6

14

8

14

11

16

6

60

15

8

8

13

14

15

20

13

12

12

8

10

13

16

17

10

13

10

Production

15

14

19

14

15

16

19

16

19

23

12

19

22

21

19

14

14

15

Transportation and
material moving

12

10

13

15

16

15

16

17

17

9

10

11

27

18

8

11

14

10

Length of service not
reported
Summary
occupational
groups(4)
Management,
business, and
financial
Computer,
engineering, and
science
Education, legal,
community service,
arts, and media
Healthcare
practitioners and
technical

Office and
administrative support
Farming, fishing, and
forestry
Construction and
extraction
Installation,
maintenance, and
repair

(1)

Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain,

swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the
event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks;
other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.
(2)

Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(3)

Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(4)

Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.
Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data
may not sum to the totals.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Technical Notes
Statistics of work-related injuries and illnesses are an important aspect of occupational safety and health. These statistics provide the detailed information needed
to make workplaces safer for the nation’s workers. Researchers in government agencies, industry, insurance agencies, academia, public health, labor unions, and
other establishments analyze trends in these data. They also study the detailed circumstances of the injuries and illnesses to assess the overall occupational safety
and health of workers and to identify ways to reduce injuries and illnesses, including potential changes in safety and health regulations or programs. Results from
the report allow individual establishments to compare their rates with those of their industry in order to benchmark their worker safety and health performance.
Other researchers analyze the data to identify particular risks by occupation or event.
The estimates in this report were obtained from the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII), a national annual survey of over 230,000 establishments
that provide a wide range of information on the labor force and occupational injuries and illnesses. National occupational safety and health statistics are a basic
measure of the risks the nation’s workers and establishments take in producing goods and providing services. For this report, estimates only for private sector are
reported; state and local government establishments were not surveyed for detailed information on days of job transfer or restriction.
Six industry subsectors were selected for this pilot study. Industry subsectors were selected based on their days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) incidence rate
(and to some degree, on the number of cases). Some industry subsectors were selected if the DJTR incidence rate was greater than or equal to the days away
from work (DAFW) incidence rate in the respective industry subsector. For example, the 2016 rate for cases of days of job transfer or restriction was greater or
equal to the rate for DAFW cases in general merchandise stores. Other industry subsectors were selected on the basis of having a sufficient mix of both DJTR and
DAFW cases. For example the rate of job transfer or restriction cases in couriers and messengers in 2016 was 267.1 cases per 10,000 full-time workers and the
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days away from work rate was 281.6. Having this sufficient mix of both types of cases allowed for analyzing the different types of injuries, events, or occupations
that lead to these outcomes.
Statements of comparison made in this report are statistically significant at the 95-percent confidence level. Statistical significance tests are based on the data as
presented and aggregated in tables 1 to 7 and charts 1 to 5 in this report. Relative standard errors for each estimate are available upon request.

Concepts and definitions
The principal concepts and definitions used in connection with the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) occupational safety and health data in this report are
described briefly below. In fact, many of the concepts originate from the Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and are used
for the BLS SOII. OSHA requires employers in high-risk industries to record injuries and illnesses each year according to OSHA recordkeeping guidelines http://ww
w.osha.gov/recordkeeping/index.html. Employers in other industries are required to record injuries and illnesses when the Department of Labor notifies them to
do so. BLS collects data from a sample that includes employers from both industries to provide estimates on occupational injuries and illnesses in the workplace.

Recordable case. Nonfatal recordable workplace injuries and illnesses are those that result in any one or more of the following:
Loss of consciousness
Days away from work
Restricted work activity or job transfer
Medical treatment beyond first aid
In addition to these four criteria, employers must also record any significant work-related injuries or illnesses that are diagnosed by a physician or other licensed
healthcare professional or other instances that meet additional criteria discussed below. Significant work-related injuries or illnesses include cancers, chronic
irreversible diseases, fractured or cracked bones (including teeth), or punctured eardrums. Additional cases that must be recorded as workplace injuries or
illnesses include the following:
Any needle stick injury or cut from a sharp object that is contaminated with another person’s blood or other potentially infectious material
Any case requiring an employee to be medically removed, according to the requirements of an OSHA health standard
Tuberculosis infection as evidenced by a positive skin test or diagnosis by a physician or other licensed healthcare professional after exposure to a known
case of active tuberculosis
An employee’s hearing test (audiogram) reveals that 1) the employee has experienced a Standard Threshold Shift (STS) in hearing in one or both ears
(averaged at 2kHz, 3kHz, and 4kHz) and 2) the employee’s total hearing level is 25 decibels (dB) or more above audiometric zero (also averaged at 2kHz,
3kHz, and 4kHz) in the same ear(s) as the STS.
Additional details regarding recordability of nonfatal work-related injuries and illnesses can be found in Detailed Guidance for OSHA's Injury and Illness Recordkeep
ing Rule.

Occupational injury is any injury, such as a cut, fracture, sprain, or amputation that results from a work-related incident or from a single instantaneous exposure in
the work environment.
Occupational illness is any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to factors associated with employment, other than those resulting from an
instantaneous event or exposure. It includes acute and chronic illnesses or diseases that may be caused by inhalation, absorption, ingestion, or direct contact.
Days away from work (DAFW). Days-away-from-work cases involve injuries or illnesses for which employees used days away from work (beyond the day of injury
or onset of illness) to recover from an occupational injury or illness. The number of days away from work is determined by the number of calendar days, after the
date of the injury or illness, before an employee returns to work. These cases may also include days of job transfer or restricted work activity in addition to days
away from work. For example, an employee suffers a work-related injury resulting in 5 days away from work and upon returning to work, the employee is unable
to perform normal duties associated with the job for an additional 3 days (i.e., the employee was on restricted work activity). This case would be recorded as a
days-away-from work case with 5 days away from work and 3 days of restricted work activity. It would not be recorded as days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction case.
Days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR). Days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases are those injuries and illnesses which result only in job transfer or restricted
work activity without days away from work. This occurs when, as the result of a work-related injury or illness, an employer or health care professional
recommends keeping an employee from doing the routine functions of his or her job or from working the full workday that the employee would have been
scheduled to work before the injury or illness occurred. This may include the following instances:
An employee is assigned to another job on a temporary basis
An employee works at a permanent job less than full time
An employee works at a permanently assigned job but is unable to perform all duties normally connected with it

Days-away-from-work, restriction, job transfer (DART). These are injuries or illnesses that involve days away from work (beyond the day of injury or onset of
illness), days of job transfer or restricted work activity, or both.
Case circumstances. Employers record narrative descriptions about the detailed circumstances of each nonfatal occupational injury or illness on OSHA case forms.
This information for days away from work is then reported to the SOII. The narrative descriptions are coded using definitions and rules of selection stipulated in
the BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System (OIICS) manual (https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshoiics.htm). The following case circumstances describe
these injuries and illnesses from different perspectives.
Nature of injury or illness names the principal physical characteristic of a disabling condition, such as sprain/strain, cut/laceration, or carpal tunnel syndrome.
Part of body affected is directly linked to the nature of injury or illness cited, for example, back sprain, finger cut, or wrist and carpal tunnel syndrome.
Source and secondary source of injury or illness identify the objects, substances, equipment, and other factors that were responsible for the injury or illness
incurred by the worker or that precipitated the event or exposure. Examples are a heavy box, a toxic substance, fire/flame, and bodily motion of injured or ill
worker.
Event or exposure signifies the manner in which the injury or illness was produced or inflicted, for example, overexertion while lifting or fall from ladder.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or illnesses involving a pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic
and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud's syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and
connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified;
overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred
by vibration.
Other circumstances include:
Day of the week the incident occurred
Time of day the incident occurred
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Hours of work before the incident occurred

Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with days away from work. Half the
cases involved more days and half involved less days than a specified median.
Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying number of days in job transfer or restriction. Half the cases involved more
days and half involved less days than a specified median.
Occupations referenced in this report were classified according to the Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010.

OSHA recordkeeping change. Effective January 1, 2002, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) revised its requirements for recording
occupational injuries and illnesses. Details about the revised requirements, including a summary of the revisions and a comparison between the old and new
requirements, are available at http://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/index.html or from OSHA’s Office of Public Affairs at 202-693-1999.
These changes in OSHA recordkeeping rules resulted in changes to BLS occupational injury and illness statistics. Beginning with 2002 data and for subsequent
years, BLS occupational injury and illness data collected under the new rules are not comparable with those of prior years. For example, the new rules affected
how employers recorded recurring injuries or illnesses; needle stick injuries; and which days to count. Further discussion on this topic can be found in “Occupation
al safety and health statistics: new data for a new century,” by William J. Wiatrowski, Monthly Labor Review, October 2005.

Duration of this study. This release of data for 2014 to 2016 concludes the pilot study on collecting and disseminating data on case circumstances and worker
characteristics for days of job transfer or restriction for the selected six industry subsectors. This study will continue for 2017 data for a new set of industry
subsectors that include:
111 Crop production
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing
445 Food and beverage stores
484 Truck transportation
713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries
722 Food services and drinking places
Additional background on collecting days of job transfer or restriction data can be found in the article “Restricted work due to workplace injuries: a historical persp
ective,” by John W. Ruser and William J. Wiatrowski, Monthly Labor Review, March 2013, https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2013/03/art3full.pdf. Details about the
survey methodology can be found in the Occupational Safety and Health Statistics chapter of the BLS Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/soi
i/home.htm.
This report does not present all the publishable estimates and rates for days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases. Additional detailed data and charts are available
from BLS staff at (202) 691-6170, iifstaff@bls.gov, and the BLS Internet site at www.bls.gov/iif/oshcdnew.htm.
The material in this report is in the public domain and may be used without permission.
Upon request, the information presented here is available to individuals who are sensory impaired. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800)
877-8339.

U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Division of Information and Marketing Services PSB Suite 2850 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE
Washington, DC 20212-0001
Telephone:1-202-691-5200 Telecommunications Relay Service:7-1-1 www.bls.gov/OPUB Contact Us

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