Full text of 2000 : Text File, USDL - 01-318
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Technical information: (202) 691-6567 USDL 01-318
http://www.bls.gov/cewhome.htm
For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT
Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, September 28, 2001
AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, 2000
Average annual pay of employees in the nation's 318 metropolitan areas
increased by 6.0 percent from 1999 to 2000, according to preliminary data
from the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The
over-the-year gain was larger than last year's rise of 4.4 percent. Annual
pay in metropolitan areas averaged $36,986 in 2000, up from $34,890 in 1999.
Average annual pay for the entire nation, metropolitan and nonmetropolitan
areas combined, was $35,296 in 2000, a 5.9 percent increase from 1999.
(Average Annual Pay by State and Industry, 2000, was issued on Sept. 11, 2001,
in USDL 01-295.)
Average annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by
employers subject to state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) laws
covering 129.9 million full- and part-time jobs. Average annual pay is
computed by dividing the total annual payrolls of employees covered by UI
programs by the average monthly number of these employees. (See Technical
Note.) Pay differences between areas reflect the varying composition of
employment by occupation, industry, and hours of work, as well as other
factors. Similarly, over-the-year pay changes may reflect shifts in these
characteristics, as well as changes in the level of average pay. Table 1
of this release contains pay data for Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan
Statistical Areas within the United States and Puerto Rico; table 2
includes averages and rankings for the areas designated as Consolidated
Metropolitan Statistical Areas. (See Technical Note for definitions.) The
data for the six metropolitan areas within Puerto Rico are not included in
the averages for all metropolitan areas.
Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas
San Jose, Calif., led the country with an average annual pay level of
$76,076 in 2000. (See table 1.) This area has had the highest average
annual pay since 1997. San Francisco, Calif., had the second highest
average annual pay level ($59,314), followed by New York, N.Y. ($56,377), New
Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, Conn. ($50,585), and Middlesex-
Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J. ($48,977). Average pay levels in these five
metropolitan areas ranged from 32 to 106 percent above the average for all
metropolitan areas in the nation. Of the 318 metropolitan areas in the
nation, 34 reported average annual pay levels above the national metropolitan
pay average of $36,986.
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| Average annual pay in this release is based on the 1987 version of |
| the Standard Industrial Classification system. The data for 2001 |
| will be based on the North American Industry Classification System. |
| See page 3 for additional information. |
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- 2 -
Excluding metropolitan areas within Puerto Rico, Jacksonville, N.C., had
the lowest average annual pay in 2000 ($21,057). The second lowest pay
occurred in Yuma, Ariz. ($21,487), followed by Brownsville-Harlingen-San
Benito, Texas ($21,561), McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Texas ($21,695), and
Myrtle Beach, S.C. ($22,881). These five metropolitan areas have had the
lowest average annual pay since 1998.
The largest percentage increase in average annual pay from 1999 to 2000
occurred in San Jose, Calif. (24.5 percent). The next largest increases
were in San Francisco, Calif. (18.3 percent), Santa Cruz-Watsonville,
Calif. (15.5 percent), Boulder-Longmont, Colo. (13.9 percent), and Casper,
Wyo. (13.7 percent).
From 1999 to 2000, 274 metropolitan areas experienced less than average
growth in average annual pay. Of these, seven metropolitan areas had
growth of 1.3 percent or less and one metropolitan area reported a decline
in average annual pay.
Comparison of Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas
Average annual pay within the nation�s nonmetropolitan areas rose by
4.9 percent in 2000, compared with 6.0 percent in metropolitan areas. Average
annual pay in nonmetropolitan areas in 2000 was $27,311, up from $26,031 in
1999. In 2000, nonmetropolitan average annual pay was 26 percent less than
metropolitan average annual pay, a difference of $9,675. The difference
between nonmetropolitan and metropolitan pay has gradually widened over the
years. In 1990, the difference between the two pay levels amounted to
approximately 16 percent, and, in 1995, the difference was 23 percent.
With the exception of 1993 and 1994, growth in total metropolitan
average annual pay outpaced that of nonmetropolitan average annual pay over
the last 10 years. (MSA historical data are not directly comparable due to
revisions of metropolitan area definitions.) Average annual pay is based
on place of employment, not residence.
Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas
Average annual pay for the nation's 18 consolidated metropolitan
statistical areas (CMSAs) rose by 7.1 percent from 1999 to 2000, from
$39,737 to $42,574. (See table 2.) This was higher than the previous
year's growth rate of 4.9 percent.
The San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif., consolidated metropolitan
area again had the highest pay level, $56,561. This CMSA has had the
highest average annual pay since 1998. The second highest pay level was
found in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Conn.-Pa.
($49,707), followed by Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass-N.H.
($45,191), Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va. ($42,110), and Seattle-
Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash. ($41,953).
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla., had the lowest average annual pay level
($33,290) of the consolidated metropolitan areas in the nation for the
seventh consecutive year. Cleveland-Akron, Ohio had the second lowest
($34,152), followed by Milwaukee-Racine, Wis. ($34,433), Cincinnati-
Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind. ($34,598), and Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash.
($35,830).
- 3 -
The highest percentage increase in average annual pay from 1999 to 2000
was in the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif., consolidated
metropolitan area, at 17.7 percent. The next largest increases were in
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H. (10.5 percent),
Denver-Boulder-Greeley, Colo. (9.3 percent), Houston-Galveston-Brazoria,
Texas (7.4 percent), and Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash. (7.2 percent).
None of the consolidated metropolitan areas reported a decline in
average annual pay in 2000. The smallest increases occurred in Milwaukee-
Racine, Wis., and Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash. (3.3 percent), Detroit-
Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich. (3.7 percent), Cleveland-Akron, Ohio (3.8 percent),
and Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind. (3.9 percent).
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| 2000 average annual pay and other data from the Covered Employment |
| and Wages program are available on the BLS Web site at http://www.bls. |
| gov/cewnote.htm. |
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| Change in Industry Classification Systems |
| |
| The year 2000 data will be the last from the Covered Employment |
| and Wages (ES-202) program using the 1987 Standard Industrial Classi- |
| fication (SIC) system. Beginning with the release of data for 2001, |
| the program will switch to the 2002 version of the North American |
| Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assign- |
| ment and tabulation of economic data by industry. NAICS is the product |
| of a cooperative effort on the part of the statistical agencies of the |
| United States, Canada, and Mexico. Due to differences in NAICS and SIC |
| structures, data for 2001 will not be comparable to the SIC-based data |
| for earlier years. |
| |
| NAICS uses a production-oriented approach to categorize economic |
| units. Units with similar production processes are classified in the |
| same industry. NAICS focuses on how products and services are created, |
| as opposed to the SIC focus on what is produced. This approach yields |
| significantly different industy groupings than those produced by the |
| SIC approach. |
| |
| Data users will be able to work with new NAICS industrial groupings |
| that better reflect the workings of the U.S. economy. For example, a |
| new industry sector called Information brings together units that |
| turn information into a commodity with units that distribute the com- |
| modity and units that provide information services. Information's ma- |
| jor components are publishing, broadcasting, telecommunications, infor- |
| mation services, and data processing. Under the SIC sysem, these |
| units were spread across the manufacturing, communications, business |
| services, and amusement services groups. Another new sector of inter- |
| est is Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services. This sector |
| is comprised of establishments engaged in activities where human |
| capital is the major input. |
| |
| Users interested in more information about NAICS can access the |
| U.S. Census Bureau Web site at http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics. |
| html. In 2002, BLS will provide ratio tables that can be used to |
| convert historic SIC series to a NAICS basis at http://www.bls.gov/ |
| cewhome.htm. In 2002, the NAICS 2002 manual will be available from |
| the Government Printing Office (GPO). In the meantime, the NAICS 1997 |
| manual is available from GPO to supplement the information on the |
| Census Web site referenced above. |
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Technical Note
These data are the product of a federal-state cooperative program known
as Covered Employment and Wages, or the ES-202 program. The data are
derived from summaries of employment and total pay of workers covered by
unemployment insurance (UI) legislation and provided by State Employment
Security Agencies (SESAs). The summaries are a by-product of the
administration of state unemployment insurance programs that require most
employers to pay quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of
workers covered by UI. Data for 2000 are preliminary and subject to
revision.
Coverage
Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for
federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for
Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution
reports submitted to the SESAs by employers. In addition to the quarterly
contribution reports, employers who operate multiple establishments within
a state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report,"
which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of
their establishments. Average annual pay data included in this release are
derived from microdata summaries of 7.9 million employer reports of
employment and wages submitted by states to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
These reports are based on place of employment rather than place of
residence.
UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to
state. In 2000, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 129.9 million
jobs. The estimated 124.9 million workers in these jobs (after adjustment
for multiple jobholders) represented 99.8 percent of wage and salary
civilian employment. Multiple jobholder estimates are produced by the
Current Population Survey. Covered workers received $4.586 trillion in
pay, representing 96.2 percent of the wage and salary component of personal
income and 46.0 percent of the gross domestic product. About 83 percent of
all covered workers were employed in metropolitan areas. Total wages of
workers in metropolitan areas comprised approximately 86 percent of all
covered wages in the United States.
Major exclusions from UI coverage during 2000 included most agricultural
workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces, elected officials
in most states, most employees of railroads, some domestic workers, most
student workers at schools, and employees of certain small nonprofit
organizations.
Concepts and methodology
Average annual pay was computed by dividing total annual pay of
employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number of these
employees. Included in the annual payroll data are bonuses, the cash value
of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other gratuities, and, in some
states, employer contributions to certain deferred compensation plans, such
as 401(k) plans, and stock options. Monthly employment is based on the
number of workers who worked during or received pay for the pay period
including the 12th of the month. With few exceptions, all employees of
covered firms are reported, including production and sales workers,
corporation officials, executives, supervisory personnel, and clerical
workers. Workers on paid vacation and part-time workers are also included.
Percent changes in average annual pay were computed using final 1999 data
as the base. These final 1999 data may differ from the preliminary 1999
data previously published.
Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time
workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying
occupations. When comparing average annual pay levels among metropolitan
areas, these factors should be taken into consideration. Annual pay
data only approximate annual earnings because an individual may not be
employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one
employer. Also, year-to-year changes in average annual pay can result from
a change in the proportion of employment in high- and low-wage jobs, as
well as from changes in the level of average annual pay.
In order to insure the highest possible quality of data, SESAs verify
with employers and update, if necessary, the industry, location, and
ownership classifications of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes
in establishment classification codes resulting from the verification
process are introduced with the data reported for the first quarter of the
year. Changes resulting from improved employer reporting also are
introduced in the first quarter. For these reasons, some data, especially
at more detailed geographic levels, may not be strictly comparable with
earlier years.
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines metropolitan areas for
use in federal statistical activities and updates these definitions as
needed each summer. Data in this release use metropolitan area criteria
established by OMB in definitions issued June 30, 1999 (OMB Bulletin No. 99-
04). These definitions reflect information obtained from the 1990
Decennial Census and the 1998 U.S. Census Bureau population estimate.
Metropolitan statistical area definitions are typically redefined on a
yearly basis. A complete list of metropolitan area definitions is
available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Document
Sales, 5205 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Va. 22161, telephone 1-800-553-
6847.
Generally speaking, a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a free-
standing urban area that meets a specified size criteria. Primary
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs) are free-standing areas within very
large MSAs. Once an area is identified as a PMSA, the term MSA no longer
is used to describe the area. The large metropolitan area that is the sum
of the PMSAs is called a Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA).
The set of areas known as MSAs, PMSAs, and CMSAs are collectively
designated and referred to as metropolitan areas. Nonmetropolitan areas
include counties which do not fall within defined metropolitan areas and
also establishments classified as foreign locations with U.S. workers, out-
of-state locations, and unknown locations.
Current metropolitan area definitions are based on standards published
in the Federal Register on March 30, 1990 (55 FR12154-12160). Under the
1990 standards, an area qualifies for recognition as an MSA in one of two
ways: (1) if it includes a city of at least 50,000 population, or (2) if
it includes a U.S. Census Bureau-defined urbanized area (of at least 50,000
population) and has a total metropolitan population of at least 100,000
(75,000 in New England). In addition to the county(ies) containing the
main city or urbanized area, an MSA may include additional counties that
have strong economic and social ties to the central county(ies) and meet
other specified requirements of metropolitan character. The ties are
determined chiefly by census data on commuting to work. An MSA may contain
more than one city of 50,000 population and may cross state lines.
An area that meets these requirements for recognition as an MSA but also
has a total population of one million or more may be recognized as a CMSA
if: (1) separate component areas can be identified within the entire area
by meeting specified statistical criteria, and (2) local opinion indicates
there is support for the component areas. If recognized, the component
areas are designated PMSAs, and the entire area becomes a CMSA. If no
PMSAs are recognized, the entire area is an MSA.
OMB defines metropolitan areas in terms of entire counties, except in
the six New England states where they are defined in terms of cities and
towns. New England data in this news release, however, are based on a
county concept defined by OMB as New England County Metropolitan Areas
(NECMAs) because county-level data are the most detailed available from the
Covered Employment and Wages program. NECMAs are county-based alternatives
to the city- and town-based metropolitan areas in New England. The NECMA
for an MSA or CMSA includes: (1) the county containing the first-named
city in that MSA/CMSA title (this county may include the first-named cities
of other MSAs/CMSAs), and (2) each additional county having at least half
its population in the MSA(s)/CMSA(s) whose first-named cities are in the
county identified in step 1.
Additional statistics and other information
Average annual employment and pay data by state and county are available
upon request from the Division of Administrative Statistics and Labor
Turnover, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington,
DC 20212, telephone 202-691-6567 (e-mail: CEWInfo@bls.gov). BLS issues
three other reports which provide data from state UI and UCFE programs.
The 2000 news release for average annual pay by state and industry was
issued on Sept. 11, 2001 (USDL 01-295), and employment and average annual
pay for large counties will be issued later this fall. Also published from
this program is the comprehensive bulletin, Employment and Wages, which
features information by detailed industry on establishments, employment,
and wages for the nation and all states. Employment and Wages Annual
Averages, 2000 will be available for sale in late 2001 from the BLS
Publications Sales Center, P.O. Box 2145, Chicago, Illinois 60690.
This news release, along with other BLS statistics and information, is
available via the Internet at the BLS Internet site
(http://www.bls.gov/newsrels.htm). Information in this release will be
made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.
Table 1. Average annual pay for 1999 and 2000 for all covered workers(1) by metropolitan area
Average annual pay Ranking of
areas by
Metropolitan area(2) level of
Percent average
1999 2000(3) change, annual pay
1999-2000 for 2000
Metropolitan areas(4)............................... $34,890 $36,986 6.0 -
Abilene, TX........................................... 22,997 24,487 6.5 299
Akron, OH............................................. 30,976 32,166 3.8 89
Albany, GA............................................ 26,750 27,655 3.4 213
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY........................... 31,899 33,815 6.0 66
Albuquerque, NM....................................... 28,935 30,397 5.1 132
Alexandria, LA........................................ 24,023 24,926 3.8 288
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA........................ 32,188 33,046 2.7 77
Altoona, PA........................................... 25,358 26,296 3.7 254
Amarillo, TX.......................................... 25,623 26,394 3.0 250
Anchorage, AK......................................... 35,706 36,619 2.6 36
Ann Arbor, MI......................................... 35,773 37,446 4.7 32
Anniston, AL.......................................... 24,593 25,252 2.7 274
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI........................... 30,776 31,824 3.4 97
Asheville, NC......................................... 26,537 27,521 3.7 218
Athens, GA............................................ 26,715 27,649 3.5 214
Atlanta, GA........................................... 37,303 39,704 6.4 24
Atlantic-Cape May, NJ................................. 28,989 29,974 3.4 141
Auburn-Opelika, AL.................................... 24,627(5) 24,790(6) 0.7 292
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC.................................. 28,590 29,699 3.9 148
Austin-San Marcos, TX................................. 38,940 41,012 5.3 20
Bakersfield, CA....................................... 27,034 28,536 5.6 181
Baltimore, MD......................................... 33,862 35,578 5.1 46
Bangor, ME............................................ 26,219 26,774 2.1 243
Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA............................... 29,713 29,718 0.0 147
Baton Rouge, LA....................................... 28,786 29,242 1.6 165
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX.............................. 30,243 30,716 1.6 125
Bellingham, WA........................................ 25,612 26,307 2.7 252
Benton Harbor, MI..................................... 30,043 30,906 2.9 120
Bergen-Passaic, NJ.................................... 41,511 43,789 5.5 14
Billings, MT.......................................... 25,551 26,744 4.7 244
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS........................ 26,351 27,635 4.9 215
Binghamton, NY........................................ 29,174 30,216 3.6 135
Birmingham, AL........................................ 32,092 33,284 3.7 69
Bismarck, ND.......................................... 24,794 25,812 4.1 268
Bloomington, IN....................................... 26,133 27,390 4.8 222
Bloomington-Normal, IL................................ 32,895 34,226 4.0 61
Boise City, ID........................................ 29,862 32,480 8.8 85
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH...... 40,892 45,191 10.5 10
Boulder-Longmont, CO.................................. 40,002 45,565 13.9 8
Brazoria, TX.......................................... 33,264 34,361 3.3 60
Bremerton, WA......................................... 29,114 30,543 4.9 128
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX.................. 20,998 21,561 2.7 315
Bryan-College Station, TX............................. 23,441 24,627 5.1 295
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY............................. 30,489 31,421 3.1 111
Burlington, VT........................................ 31,721 33,122 4.4 75
Canton-Massillon, OH.................................. 27,743 28,353 2.2 189
Casper, WY............................................ 25,682 29,196 13.7 168
Cedar Rapids, IA...................................... 32,506 34,109 4.9 62
Champaign-Urbana, IL.................................. 28,017 29,158 4.1 170
Charleston-North Charleston, SC....................... 26,394 27,634 4.7 216
Charleston, WV........................................ 29,113 30,110 3.4 139
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC................... 34,374 36,193 5.3 40
Charlottesville, VA................................... 29,394 31,075 5.7 117
Chattanooga, TN-GA.................................... 28,270 29,331 3.8 160
Cheyenne, WY.......................................... 25,234 25,928 2.8 267
Chicago, IL........................................... 39,525 41,549 5.1 18
Chico-Paradise, CA.................................... 24,147 25,100 3.9 281
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN.................................. 33,627 35,049 4.2 50
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY....................... 23,744 24,967 5.2 285
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH........................... 33,435 34,704 3.8 55
Colorado Springs, CO.................................. 30,678 33,036 7.7 78
Columbia, MO.......................................... 26,551 27,366 3.1 223
Columbia, SC.......................................... 27,935 29,036 3.9 174
Columbus, GA-AL....................................... 26,134 26,983 3.2 236
Columbus, OH.......................................... 32,400 33,946 4.8 63
Corpus Christi, TX.................................... 26,945 28,175 4.6 196
Corvallis, OR......................................... 33,693(5) 35,355(6) 4.9 47
Cumberland, MD-WV..................................... 24,083 24,532 1.9 297
Dallas, TX............................................ 39,259 42,133 7.3 17
Danville, VA.......................................... 24,693 25,139 1.8 279
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL................... 29,252 30,510 4.3 130
Dayton-Springfield, OH................................ 32,360 33,172 2.5 74
Daytona Beach, FL..................................... 23,650 24,901 5.3 289
Decatur, AL........................................... 28,933 29,409 1.6 158
Decatur, IL........................................... 32,062 32,599 1.7 82
Denver, CO............................................ 38,115 41,413 8.7 19
Des Moines, IA........................................ 32,270 33,066 2.5 76
Detroit, MI........................................... 40,781 42,303 3.7 16
Dothan, AL............................................ 25,944 27,239 5.0 229
Dover, DE............................................. 26,425 27,052 2.4 233
Dubuque, IA........................................... 26,592 27,322 2.7 226
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI................................ 27,189 28,255 3.9 192
Dutchess County, NY................................... 35,274 36,063 2.2 42
Eau Claire, WI........................................ 25,316 26,626 5.2 246
El Paso, TX........................................... 24,282 25,067 3.2 282
Elkhart-Goshen, IN.................................... 29,648 30,353 2.4 134
Elmira, NY............................................ 26,599 27,659 4.0 212
Enid, OK.............................................. 22,700 23,262 2.5 311
Erie, PA.............................................. 27,873 28,372 1.8 187
Eugene-Springfield, OR................................ 26,932 27,867 3.5 205
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY........................... 29,162 29,934 2.6 143
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN................................. 25,969 27,003 4.0 235
Fayetteville, NC...................................... 25,123 26,098 3.9 261
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR.................... 27,702 28,947 4.5 175
Flagstaff, AZ-UT...................................... 23,815 24,673 3.6 294
Flint, MI............................................. 35,808 36,418 1.7 39
Florence, AL.......................................... 24,815 25,140 1.3 278
Florence, SC.......................................... 26,358 27,462 4.2 220
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO............................. 30,020 32,394 7.9 87
Fort Lauderdale, FL................................... 31,208 33,232 6.5 72
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL............................. 26,458 28,138 6.3 198
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL........................ 26,021 26,978 3.7 237
Fort Smith, AR-OK..................................... 24,745 25,950 4.9 266
Fort Walton Beach, FL................................. 23,836 25,246 5.9 276
Fort Wayne, IN........................................ 30,048 30,844 2.6 122
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX.............................. 32,941 34,587 5.0 57
Fresno, CA............................................ 24,748 25,956 4.9 265
Gadsden, AL........................................... 24,776 25,252 1.9 275
Gainesville, FL....................................... 25,180 26,150 3.9 259
Galveston-Texas City, TX.............................. 28,382 29,531 4.0 154
Gary, IN.............................................. 30,454 31,493 3.4 109
Glens Falls, NY....................................... 26,150 27,366 4.7 224
Goldsboro, NC......................................... 23,812 24,532 3.0 298
Grand Forks, ND-MN.................................... 23,383 24,288 3.9 303
Grand Junction, CO.................................... 25,313 26,223 3.6 256
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI..................... 31,990 32,994 3.1 79
Great Falls, MT....................................... 23,154 23,893 3.2 305
Greeley, CO........................................... 27,383 29,273 6.9 161
Green Bay, WI......................................... 30,637 31,520 2.9 107
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC............. 29,752 30,897 3.8 121
Greenville, NC........................................ 26,520 27,711 4.5 209
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC................... 28,693 29,761 3.7 146
Hagerstown, MD........................................ 27,608 28,410 2.9 186
Hamilton-Middletown, OH............................... 30,963 31,520 1.8 108
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA....................... 31,492 32,345 2.7 88
Hartford, CT.......................................... 40,059 42,394 5.8 15
Hattiesburg, MS....................................... 23,608 24,302 2.9 302
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC.......................... 25,933 26,840 3.5 240
Honolulu, HI.......................................... 30,993 31,871 2.8 96
Houma, LA............................................. 27,094 28,365 4.7 188
Houston, TX........................................... 38,107 40,986 7.6 21
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH.......................... 25,560 26,421 3.4 248
Huntsville, AL........................................ 34,177 35,650 4.3 45
Indianapolis, IN...................................... 33,658 34,880 3.6 54
Iowa City, IA......................................... 28,594 30,204 5.6 136
Jackson, MI........................................... 30,797 31,703 2.9 101
Jackson, MS........................................... 28,055 29,205 4.1 166
Jackson, TN........................................... 27,785 28,664 3.2 180
Jacksonville, FL...................................... 30,039 31,427 4.6 110
Jacksonville, NC...................................... 20,278 21,057 3.8 317
Jamestown, NY......................................... 24,814 25,418 2.4 271
Janesville-Beloit, WI................................. 30,496 31,136 2.1 116
Jersey City, NJ....................................... 43,046 47,514 10.4 7
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA................. 26,117 27,250 4.3 228
Johnstown, PA......................................... 24,026 24,348 1.3 300
Jonesboro, AR......................................... 24,388 25,106 2.9 280
Joplin, MO............................................ 24,248 25,028 3.2 283
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI............................ 31,194 32,026 2.7 93
Kankakee, IL.......................................... 27,312 28,490 4.3 183
Kansas City, MO-KS.................................... 33,030 34,993 5.9 51
Kenosha, WI........................................... 30,083 31,394 4.4 112
Killeen-Temple, TX.................................... 23,879 24,894 4.3 290
Knoxville, TN......................................... 28,589 29,514 3.2 155
Kokomo, IN............................................ 39,651 40,240 1.5 22
La Crosse, WI-MN...................................... 25,972 26,831 3.3 241
Lafayette, LA......................................... 26,121 27,478 5.2 219
Lafayette, IN......................................... 29,305 30,543 4.2 129
Lake Charles, LA...................................... 27,972 28,179 0.7 195
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL............................. 26,928 28,023 4.1 202
Lancaster, PA......................................... 29,447 30,711 4.3 126
Lansing-East Lansing, MI.............................. 32,358 33,908 4.8 64
Laredo, TX............................................ 22,648 23,570 4.1 309
Las Cruces, NM........................................ 22,798 23,602 3.5 308
Las Vegas, NV-AZ...................................... 30,632 31,663 3.4 103
Lawrence, KS.......................................... 23,639 24,961 5.6 286
Lawton, OK............................................ 23,086 23,820 3.2 306
Lewiston-Auburn, ME................................... 25,364 26,193 3.3 257
Lexington, KY......................................... 29,253 30,378 3.8 133
Lima, OH.............................................. 28,181 28,813 2.2 178
Lincoln, NE........................................... 27,431 28,511 3.9 182
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR..................... 28,608 29,621 3.5 152
Longview-Marshall, TX................................. 25,847 26,701 3.3 245
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA............................ 37,788 39,671 5.0 25
Louisville, KY-IN..................................... 30,616 31,824 3.9 98
Lubbock, TX........................................... 24,731 26,302 6.4 253
Lynchburg, VA......................................... 26,854 27,660 3.0 211
Macon, GA............................................. 28,345 29,501 4.1 156
Madison, WI........................................... 31,101 32,817 5.5 80
Mansfield, OH......................................... 27,232 28,193 3.5 194
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX.......................... 21,111 21,695 2.8 314
Medford-Ashland, OR................................... 25,672 26,565 3.5 247
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL..................... 29,955 32,107 7.2 91
Memphis, TN-AR-MS..................................... 32,429 33,248 2.5 71
Merced, CA............................................ 23,499 24,793 5.5 291
Miami, FL............................................. 32,067 33,328 3.9 68
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ...................... 46,200 48,977 6.0 5
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI................................ 33,372 34,612 3.7 56
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI........................... 37,229 39,549 6.2 26
Missoula, MT.......................................... 24,127 25,321 4.9 273
Mobile, AL............................................ 26,583 27,288 2.7 227
Modesto, CA........................................... 27,009 28,202 4.4 193
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ.................................... 34,610 36,463 5.4 38
Monroe, LA............................................ 25,354 25,735 1.5 269
Montgomery, AL........................................ 27,333 28,157 3.0 197
Muncie, IN............................................ 26,777 28,075 4.8 199
Myrtle Beach, SC...................................... 21,701 22,881 5.4 313
Naples, FL............................................ 28,021 29,941 6.9 142
Nashville, TN......................................... 31,717 33,268 4.9 70
Nassau-Suffolk, NY.................................... 36,948 38,941 5.4 29
New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT... 47,133 50,585 7.3 4
New London-Norwich, CT................................ 35,404 36,727 3.7 35
New Orleans, LA....................................... 29,360 29,859 1.7 144
New York, NY.......................................... 52,467 56,377 7.5 3
Newark, NJ............................................ 44,647 48,733 9.2 6
Newburgh, NY-PA....................................... 27,671 28,934 4.6 176
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC............ 27,148 28,279 4.2 190
Oakland, CA........................................... 40,994 44,170 7.7 13
Ocala, FL............................................. 24,156 24,938 3.2 287
Odessa-Midland, TX.................................... 27,772 29,264 5.4 162
Oklahoma City, OK..................................... 26,838 28,267 5.3 191
Olympia, WA........................................... 29,701 31,722 6.8 100
Omaha, NE-IA.......................................... 30,079 31,233 3.8 115
Orange County, CA..................................... 37,452 39,208 4.7 27
Orlando, FL........................................... 28,718 30,197 5.2 137
Owensboro, KY......................................... 25,084 25,980 3.6 263
Panama City, FL....................................... 24,298 25,027 3.0 284
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH........................... 26,806 27,366 2.1 225
Pensacola, FL......................................... 25,182 26,269 4.3 255
Peoria-Pekin, IL...................................... 31,790 32,096 1.0 92
Philadelphia, PA-NJ................................... 37,333 39,197 5.0 28
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ...................................... 32,430 34,915 7.7 52
Pine Bluff, AR........................................ 25,343 26,400 4.2 249
Pittsburgh, PA........................................ 33,048 33,837 2.4 65
Pittsfield, MA........................................ 29,616 31,310 5.7 114
Pocatello, ID......................................... 23,324 24,033 3.0 304
Portland, ME.......................................... 30,413 30,752 1.1 124
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA............................. 34,382 37,043 7.7 34
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI...................... 31,040 32,426 4.5 86
Provo-Orem, UT........................................ 26,558 27,910 5.1 204
Pueblo, CO............................................ 24,594 25,493 3.7 270
Punta Gorda, FL....................................... 23,371 24,743 5.9 293
Racine, WI............................................ 32,747 32,538 -0.6 83
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC........................ 34,803 37,775 8.5 30
Rapid City, SD........................................ 23,413 24,342 4.0 301
Reading, PA........................................... 30,999 31,995 3.2 94
Redding, CA........................................... 26,065 27,054 3.8 232
Reno, NV.............................................. 31,381 32,747 4.4 81
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA.......................... 30,122 31,533 4.7 106
Richmond-Petersburg, VA............................... 32,987 34,480 4.5 59
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA.......................... 28,341 29,540 4.2 153
Roanoke, VA........................................... 28,016 29,250 4.4 163
Rochester, MN......................................... 35,023 36,111 3.1 41
Rochester, NY......................................... 32,582 33,213 1.9 73
Rockford, IL.......................................... 31,442 31,917 1.5 95
Rocky Mount, NC....................................... 26,788 27,735 3.5 208
Sacramento, CA........................................ 34,269 36,598 6.8 37
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI.......................... 33,947 35,335 4.1 48
St. Cloud, MN......................................... 26,283 27,408 4.3 221
St. Joseph, MO........................................ 26,016 27,170 4.4 230
St. Louis, MO-IL...................................... 33,354 34,913 4.7 53
Salem, OR............................................. 26,943 27,691 2.8 210
Salinas, CA........................................... 28,498 29,986 5.2 140
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT.............................. 29,498 30,960 5.0 118
San Angelo, TX........................................ 24,513 25,365 3.5 272
San Antonio, TX....................................... 28,067 29,678 5.7 149
San Diego, CA......................................... 34,722 37,516 8.0 31
San Francisco, CA..................................... 50,125 59,314 18.3 2
San Jose, CA.......................................... 61,117 76,076 24.5 1
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA............ 26,454 28,067 6.1 201
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA.................. 30,099 32,518 8.0 84
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA............................ 31,025 35,826 15.5 43
Santa Fe, NM.......................................... 27,585 29,054 5.3 173
Santa Rosa, CA........................................ 32,092 35,796 11.5 44
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL................................ 26,193 (7) (7) (7)
Savannah, GA.......................................... 28,690 29,195 1.8 169
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA.................. 26,591 27,742 4.3 207
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA.......................... 43,925 45,171 2.8 11
Sharon, PA............................................ 25,402 26,098 2.7 262
Sheboygan, WI......................................... 29,619 30,556 3.2 127
Sherman-Denison, TX................................... 28,102 29,671 5.6 150
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA........................... 26,265 27,150 3.4 231
Sioux City, IA-NE..................................... 25,453 26,188 2.9 258
Sioux Falls, SD....................................... 26,959 27,980 3.8 203
South Bend, IN........................................ 28,649 29,649 3.5 151
Spokane, WA........................................... 27,573 29,771 8.0 145
Springfield, IL....................................... 33,988 34,529 1.6 58
Springfield, MO....................................... 25,507 26,327 3.2 251
Springfield, MA....................................... 30,281 31,644 4.5 105
State College, PA..................................... 27,968 29,067 3.9 171
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV........................... 26,738 28,458 6.4 185
Stockton-Lodi, CA..................................... 27,920 29,250 4.8 164
Sumter, SC............................................ 22,807 23,570 3.3 310
Syracuse, NY.......................................... 30,426 31,383 3.1 113
Tacoma, WA............................................ 28,644 30,161 5.3 138
Tallahassee, FL....................................... 27,565 28,678 4.0 179
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL................... 29,360 30,781 4.8 123
Terre Haute, IN....................................... 26,408 26,810 1.5 242
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR........................... 24,825 25,968 4.6 264
Toledo, OH............................................ 30,876 31,645 2.5 104
Topeka, KS............................................ 28,468 29,373 3.2 159
Trenton, NJ........................................... 42,445 44,576 5.0 12
Tucson, AZ............................................ 28,203 29,204 3.5 167
Tulsa, OK............................................. 29,285 30,420 3.9 131
Tuscaloosa, AL........................................ 28,367 29,067 2.5 172
Tyler, TX............................................. 28,493 29,485 3.5 157
Utica-Rome, NY........................................ 25,876 26,875 3.9 239
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA............................ 29,674 32,130 8.3 90
Ventura, CA........................................... 33,978 37,102 9.2 33
Victoria, TX.......................................... 25,710 27,551 7.2 217
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ...................... 30,535 31,674 3.7 102
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA........................ 22,701 23,722 4.5 307
Waco, TX.............................................. 26,488 27,032 2.1 234
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV............................... 42,660 45,333 6.3 9
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA.............................. 26,569 27,858 4.9 206
Wausau, WI............................................ 27,845 28,888 3.7 177
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL........................ 32,824 35,219 7.3 49
Wheeling, WV-OH....................................... 24,794 25,198 1.6 277
Wichita, KS........................................... 30,773 31,726 3.1 99
Wichita Falls, TX..................................... 23,603 24,602 4.2 296
Williamsport, PA...................................... 26,092 26,906 3.1 238
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD.............................. 38,071 39,899 4.8 23
Wilmington, NC........................................ 27,009 28,070 3.9 200
Yakima, WA............................................ 22,402 23,245 3.8 312
Yolo, CA.............................................. 32,362 33,395 3.2 67
York, PA.............................................. 29,943 30,924 3.3 119
Youngstown-Warren, OH................................. 27,925 28,489 2.0 184
Yuba City, CA......................................... 25,139 26,140 4.0 260
Yuma, AZ.............................................. 20,362 21,487 5.5 316
Aguadilla, PR......................................... 16,766 17,489 4.3 320
Arecibo, PR........................................... 15,499 15,728 1.5 323
Caguas, PR............................................ 17,475 17,802 1.9 319
Mayaguez, PR.......................................... 16,054 16,086 0.2 322
Ponce, PR............................................. 16,158 16,556 2.5 321
San Juan-Bayamon, PR.................................. 19,745 19,997 1.3 318
1 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal
Employees (UCFE) programs.
2 Includes data for Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas as defined by
OMB Bulletin No. 99-04. In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA)
definitions were used. See Technical Note.
3 Data are preliminary.
4 Totals do not include the six MSAs within Puerto Rico.
5 Data are provided for over-the-year comparison purposes only.
6 Data consists of a new MSA.
7 Data are not available for release.
Table 2. Average annual pay for 1999 and 2000 for all covered workers(1) by Consolidated Metropolitan
Statistical Area
Average annual pay Ranking of
areas by
Consolidated metropolitan level of
statistical area(2) Percent average
1999 2000(3) change, annual pay
1999-2000 for 2000
Consolidated metropolitan statistical areas(4)........ $39,737 $42,574 7.1 -
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH........ 40,892 45,191 10.5 3
Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI.......................... 38,761 40,725 5.1 8
Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN........................... 33,290 34,598 3.9 15
Cleveland-Akron, OH..................................... 32,897 34,152 3.8 17
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX................................... 37,483 40,022 6.8 10
Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO.............................. 37,815 41,345 9.3 7
Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI............................. 39,901 41,385 3.7 6
Houston-Galveston-Brazoria,TX........................... 37,543 40,307 7.4 9
Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA................. 36,189 37,975 4.9 12
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL............................... 31,728 33,290 4.9 18
Milwaukee-Racine, WI.................................... 33,317 34,433 3.3 16
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA... 46,403 49,707 7.1 2
Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD...... 36,745 38,543 4.9 11
Portland-Salem, OR-WA................................... 33,412 35,830 7.2 14
Sacramento-Yolo, CA..................................... 34,066 36,263 6.4 13
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA...................... 48,057 56,561 17.7 1
Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA............................ 40,616 41,953 3.3 5
Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV....................... 39,712 42,110 6.0 4
San Juan-Caguas-Arecibo, PR............................. 19,339 19,600 1.3 19
1 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal
Employees (UCFE) programs.
2 Includes data for Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas as defined by OMB Bulletin No. 99-04.
In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used. See
Technical Note.
3 Data are preliminary.
4 Totals do not include the San Juan-Caguas-Arecibo CMSA within Puerto Rico.