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. 3 <6 : Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Virginia—North Carolina, Metropolitan Areas, May 1978 Area Wage Survey Bulletin 2025-21 Gloucester U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics .«£$$$ftiamsburg - $>\>v ^ > ^ A v ^a> „ N X aNewport News Hampton Norfolk Portsmouth Virginia Beach North Carolina Preface T h is b u lle tin p r o v id e s r e s u lts o f a M a y 1978 s u r v e y o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s in the N o rfo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h -P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s H am pton , V ir g in ia ^ N o r th C a r o lin a , S tandard M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis tic a l A r e a . T h e s u r v e y w as m a d e as p a rt o f the B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s ' annual a r e a w age su rv ey p ro g ra m . It w a s c o n d u cte d b y the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o f f i c e in P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ., u n d e r the g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f Irw in L . F e ig e n b a u m , A s s is t a n t R e g io n a l C o m m is s io n e r f o r O p e r a t io n s . T h e s u r v e y c o u ld not h ave b e e n a c c o m p lis h e d w ith ou t the c o o p e r a t io n o f th e m a n y f i r m s w h o s e w a g e and s a la r y d a ta p r o v id e d the b a s is f o r the s t a t is t ic a l in fo r m a tio n in th is b u lle tin . T h e B u re a u w is h e s to e x p r e s s s in c e r e a p p r e c ia tio n f o r th e c o o p e r a t io n r e c e iv e d . M a te r ia l in th is p u b lic a tio n is in the p u b lic d o m a in and m a y be r e p r o d u c e d w ith ou t p e r m is s io n o f the F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t. P le a s e c r e d i t the B u re a u p u b lic a tio n . of Labor S t a tis tic s and c it e th e n am e and num ber of th is Note: C u rre n t r e p o r t s on o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s in the N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a ch —P o r ts m o u th and N e w p o r t N ew s—H a m p ton a r e a s a r e a v a ila b le f o r the m o v in g and s t o r a g e (M a y 1978) and la u n d r y and d r y c le a n in g (M a y 1978) in d u s t r ie s . A ls o a v a ila b le f o r the N o r f o lk a r e a a re lis t in g s o f u n ion w a g e r a te s f o r b u ild in g t r a d e s , p rin tin g t r a d e s , l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t in g e m p lo y e e s , l o c a l t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s , and g r o c e r y s t o r e e m p lo y e e s . F r e e c o p ie s o f th e s e a re a v a ila b le f r o m the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o f f i c e s . (S e e b a c k c o v e r f o r a d d r e s s e s .) Area Wage Survey Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Virginia—North Carolina, Metropolitan Areas, May 1978 U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner July 1978 C o n te n ts Page Bulletin 2025- 21 I n t r o d u c t io n _________________________________________ 2 T a b le s : A. E a rn in g s , a ll esta b lish m en ts: A - l . W eek ly ea rn in gs o f o ffic e w o r k e r s __ 3 A - 2 . W eek ly ea rn in gs o f p r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l w o r k e r s ______________ 5 A - 3 . A v e ra g e w e ek ly earn ings o f o f fic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ica l w o r k e r s , by s e x _________ 6 A - 4. H ou rly ea rn in gs o f m a in ten a n ce, to o lr o o m , and pow erp la n t w o r k e r s ______________________________ 7 A - 5. H ou rly ea rn in gs o f m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t and cu sto d ia l w o r k e r s __ 8 A - 6. A v e ra g e h o u rly earn ings o f m a in ten a n ce, to o lr o o m , p o w e rplant, m a te r ia l m ov em en t, and cu sto d ia l w o r k e r s , by s e x __________ 10 A - l . P e r c e n t in c r e a s e s in a vera ge h ou rly ea rn in g s , adjusted fo r em p loy m en t sh ifts, fo r s e le c te d o ccu p a tio n a l g r o u p s _________________ 11 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover. A p p en d ix A . A p p en d ix B . S cop e and m eth od o f s u r v e y _________ 13 O ccu p a tio n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ____________ 17 Introduction T h is a r e a is 1 o f 75 in w h ic h th e U .S . D e p a rtm e n t o f L a b o r 's B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s c o n d u c ts s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d b e n e f it s . (S ee lis t o f a r e a s on in s id e b a c k c o v e r . ) In e a c h a r e a , o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s data ( A - s e r i e s t a b le s ) a re c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly . I n fo r m a tio n on e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e fit s ( B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) is o b ta in e d e v e r y th ir d y e a r . T h is r e p o r t h as n o B - s e r i e s t a b le s . E a c h y e a r a ft e r a ll in d iv id u a l a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s h a v e b e e n c o m p le t e d , tw o s u m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d . T h e f i r s t b r in g s t o g e t h e r data f o r e a c h m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s u r v e y e d ; th e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s n a tio n a l and r e g io n a l e s t im a t e s , p r o je c t e d f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a d a ta , f o r a ll S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s in th e U n ited S t a te s , e x c lu d in g A la s k a and H a w a ii. A m a j o r c o n s id e r a t io n in th e a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m is th e n e e d to d e s c r i b e th e l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a v a r ie t y o f la b o r m a r k e t s , th ro u g h th e a n a ly s is o f (1) th e l e v e l and d is t r ib u t io n o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t io n , and (2) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t io n a l c a t e g o r y and s k ill l e v e l . T h e p r o g r a m d e v e lo p s in fo r m a t io n that m a y b e u s e d f o r m a n y p u r p o s e s , in clu d in g w a g e and s a la r y a d m in is t r a t io n , c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g , and a s s i s t a n c e in d e t e r m in in g p la n t lo c a t io n . S u r v e y r e s u lt s a ls o a r e u se d b y th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r to m a k e w a g d d e t e r m in a tio n s u n d e r th e S e r v ic e C o n tr a c t A c t o f 1965. A - s e r i e s ta b le s T a b le s A - l th ro u g h A - 6 p r o v id e e s t im a t e s o f s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly o r h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r w o r k e r s in o c c u p a t io n s c o m m o n to a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r ie s . F o r th e 31 la r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s , ta b le s A - 8 th rou g h A - 13 p r o v id e s i m i l a r data f o r e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e . T a b le A - 7 p r o v id e s p e r c e n t c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , s k ille d m a in te n a n ce t r a d e s w o r k e r s , and u n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s . W h e r e p o s s ib le , data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll in d u s t r ie s and f o r m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g s e p a r a t e ly . D ata a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d f o r s k ille d m a in te n a n ce w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g b e c a u s e the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in th is o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p in n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g is t o o s m a ll t o w a r r a n t s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta t io n . T h is ta b le p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e o f w a g e tr e n d s a ft e r e lin im a tio n o f ch a n g e s in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s c a u s e d b y e m p lo y m e n t s h ifts a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts as w e ll as t u r n o v e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts in c lu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p le s . F o r f u r t h e r d e t a ils , s e e a p p e n d ix A. A p p e n d ix e s A p p en d ix A d e s c r i b e s th e m e th o d s and c o n c e p t s u s e d in th e a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m and p r o v id e s in fo r m a t io n on the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . A p p en d ix B p r o v id e s jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m i s t s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s b y o c c u p a t io n . u s e d b y B u r e a u f ie ld e c o n o A. E a r n in g s Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Norfolk— Virginia Beach —Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va. —N.C., May 1978 Weekly earnings1 (standard) Average weekly hours1 (standard) Oc cup ati on and i n d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Nu m b e r of w o r k e r s r ec ei v in g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e kl y earnings of— 90 100 110 120 130 mo 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 290 250 270 290 310 330 110 120 130 190 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 290 250 270 290 310 330 350 107 29 78 1 02 29 97 19 33 30 19 and under 100 ALL WORKERS $ S E CR ET AR IE S -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONHANUFACTURING --------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S — SECRETARIES. 8 28 333 995 89 39.5 39.0 1 8 2 .0 0 1 9 5 .5 0 1 7 2 .5 0 2 1 3 .5 0 1 72 .5 0 1 90 .00 1 61 .00 2 06 .00 1 5 0 .0 0 1 6 9 .5 0 1 9 9 .0 0 1 7 5 .0 0 - 2 03.50 221.00 1 9 0 .0 0 273.50 CLASS A - 33 2 3 1 .0 0 2 30 .0 0 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 196 63 39.5 90.0 39.5 1 9 8 .5 0 2 2 3 .5 0 1 7 9 .0 0 1 98 .00 1 5 0 . 0 0 2 15 .0 0 1 9 1 . 5 0 1 70 .0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 3 37 169 168 92 39.5 39.5 39.5 90.0 1 7 9 .0 0 1 75 .0 0 1 91 .0 0 1 8 6 .5 0 1 6 7 .0 0 1 61 .0 0 1 9 1 .0 0 190 .00 , class d m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------NONMANUFACTURING --------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S - - 292 89 203 37 3 9 . 0 1 7 0 .0 0 3 9 . 0 1 7 6 .5 0 3 9 . 0 1 6 7 .0 0 3 8 . 5 2 3 7 .0 0 STENOGRAPHERS ------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING --------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S — STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL NONMANUFACTURING --------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S — 15 12 27 5 22 20 12 218.00 2 5 9 .0 0 200.00 S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS C MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING --------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S — 97 91 259.50 S E C R E T A R I E S . CLASS B MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING --------- 25 3 25 s e c r e ta r ie s STENOGRAPHERS. 199.50 208.00 183.00 206.00 1 57 .5 0 1 67 .5 0 1 59 .0 0 2 7 3 .5 0 1 9 1 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 3 8 .0 0 1 7 5 .0 0 - 183*50 216.00 1 7 0 .5 0 273.50 189 39 150 9 0 . 0 1 7 0 .0 0 1 51 .50 9 0 . 0 1 7 3 .5 0 1 71 .5 0 3 9 . 5 1 6 9 .5 0 1 95 .5 0 3 9 . 5 2 3 0 .5 0 2 2 9 .0 0 1 3 6 .0 0 1 9 9 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 8 1 .5 0 - 188.00 201.00 176.00 283.00 198 123 39.5 39.5 39.5 1 6 3 .5 0 1 90 .00 1 3 5 . 0 0 1 6 9 .5 0 19 0 .0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 2 9 1 . 5 0 2 7 9 .5 0 2 0 9 . 5 0 - 167.00 163.50 286.00 90.0 90.0 1 9 5 .0 0 1 9 2 .0 0 1 89 .5 0 1 7 3 . 0 0 1 75 .5 0 1 7 3 . 0 0 - 209.00 196.50 3 9 . 0 1 9 5 .0 0 3 9 . 5 1 5 2 .5 0 3 9 . 0 1 9 1 .0 0 3 9 . 0 1 6 1 .0 0 1 38 .0 0 1 38 .0 0 1 37 .0 0 15 0.50 1 2 5 .0 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 9 9 .0 0 - 1 5 0 .0 0 198.50 150.00 177.00 29 37 90.0 39.5 1 5 5 .5 0 1 9 9 .5 0 1 90 .5 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 95 .00 1 3 9 . 0 0 - 198.50 165.00 25 7 29 1 2 0 .0 0 137 .00 1 2 1 . 0 0 1 36 .00 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 98 .00 1 9 0 . 5 0 - 150.00 160.00 1 50.00 190.50 36 32 6 10 117.50 117.00 SENIOR --------- 27 T Y P I S T S ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING --------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S — 301 105 196 58 T Y P I S T S . CLASS A -----------NONMANUFACTURING --------- 99 non m an ufac tur in g 99 1 6 0 .0 0 1 7 0 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 7 5 .0 0 - T Y P I S T S . CLASS B -----------MANUFACTURING ----------------NONHANUFACTURING --------PU B LI C U T I L I T I E S — 161 50 38.5 38.5 39.0 1 9 0 .0 0 1 93 .0 0 1 3 9 .0 0 1 6 1 .5 0 F I L E CLERKS ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------- 160 159 39.5 39.5 1 1 9 .0 0 1 09 .5 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 1 1 3 .0 0 1 09 .5 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 - F I L E CL ER KS . CLASS C NONMANUFACTURING ---------- 138 136 39.5 39.5 1 1 2 .5 0 1 1 2 .5 0 1 3 6 .0 0 1 08 .0 0 1 0 6 . J O - 1 1 6 . 00 116.00 1 08 .0 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 10 39 25 21 10 13 7 19 27 26 12 39 7 91 8 26 20 20 17 5 20 1 26 32 32 12 12 12 36 17 12 12 12 26 1 29 10 39 8 10 30 19 19 79 78 S ee fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f ta b le s . 21 35 26 3 35 3 32 15 28 2 Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978— Continued "^"^eekl^earning^^™ (standard) N Occupation and i n d u s t r y d iv i s i o n U. of workers Average weekly hours1 (standard] N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r ec ei v in g s t r a ig h t -t i m e wee kly earnings of---$ S Mean2 Median 2 * s * s s % S 1 $ 1 $ $ * % t % % * s 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 21 0 220 230 240 2 50 270 290 310 330 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 2 20 230 240 250 2 70 290 310 330 350 11 6 90 Middle range 2 17 14 5 5 1 1 3 3 ~ “ " 1 1 “ - “ - - 1 1 - - - 5 5 17 15 20 18 19 17 13 11 3 2 8 7 5 3 1 “ 1 ~ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 10 - 8 6 2 “ 4 2 2 _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ - - - “ - - - - ~ 1 “ “ ~ “ 1 ~ 1 - - - - - ~ _ - ~ 1 1 1 and 100 ALL WORKERS— CONTINUED HESSEN6ERS -----------------------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 39 31 39.5 40.0 $ 1 2 0 .5 0 1 2 4 .0 0 $ $ $ 1 1 0 .0 0 1 0 8 . 5 0 - 1 2 4 . 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 7 . 0 0 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS --------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 96 82 39.0 39.0 133.00 1 3 0 .0 0 1 30 .0 0 1 2 8 .0 0 SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S NANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 204 50 154 39.5 39.5 39.5 132.00 1 4 6 .0 0 1 2 7 .5 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 3 7 * 5 0 1 3 7 .5 0 1 2 7 . 5 0 - 1 5 7 . 0 0 1 2 2 .5 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 7 . 0 0 - 32 1 31 13 6 7 88 6 82 24 14 10 13 10 3 10 7 3 4 “ 5 2 3 ORDER CLERKS ------------------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 78 72 39 . 0 3 9.0 117.00 113.00 1 0 6 .0 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 1 2 5 . 5 0 1 0 6 .0 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 1 1 9 . 0 0 12 12 37 37 6 5 6 6 1 1 11 11 2 “ “ - 2 c l e r k s , c l a s s b --------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 61 56 40.0 4 0 .0 1 2 0 .0 0 116.50 1 0 6 .0 0 1 0 6 .0 0 1 0 6 .0 0 -1 3 9 .0 0 1 0 6 .0 0 -1 2 6 .0 0 - 35 35 6 5 4 4 1 1 11 11 2 “ ” - ACCOUNTING CLERKS ------------------------------------------NANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------- 655 254 401 85 3 9.5 3 9.5 3 9.5 3 9.5 1 5 7 .5 0 1 6 7 .0 0 1 5 1 .0 0 157.00 1 4 9 .0 0 1 54 .5 0 1 4 6 .0 0 1 47 .5 0 1 29 .00 -1 76 .00 1 2 7 .5 0 -1 9 0 .0 0 1 29 .50 -1 70 .00 1 3 7 .5 0 -1 6 7 .0 0 - 16 10 6 ~ 74 24 50 5 77 31 46 7 77 29 48 14 90 26 64 19 68 24 44 13 52 10 42 11 52 11 41 1 34 18 16 “ 36 13 23 6 17 9 8 i 14 7 7 2 16 13 3 3 ACCOUNTING CLERK S. CLASS A --------------NANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 196 95 101 36 39.5 4 0.0 3 9.0 3 9.0 1 9 1 .0 0 215.50 1 6 8 .5 0 1 8 2 .0 0 1 8 6 .0 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 - 2 1 5 . 5 0 2 1 4 .0 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 - 2 4 6 . 0 0 1 67 .00 1 4 0 . 5 0 - 1 8 6 . 0 0 1 6 7 .0 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 . 5 0 - - 5 “ 5 “ 4 4 " 10 1 9 “ 19 3 16 6 16 5 11 7 12 1 11 7 24 8 16 1 20 13 7 ~ 15 9 6 6 ii 6 5 1 12 7 5 2 16 13 3 3 - - - - 1 1 1 ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B -------------NANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 4 59 159 300 39.5 39.5 4 0 .0 1 4 3 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 5 9 . 0 0 1 3 8 .5 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 3 . 5 0 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 1 .5 0 1 2 6 . 0 0 - 1 6 5 . 0 0 ” 16 10 6 69 24 45 73 31 42 67 28 39 71 23 48 52 19 33 40 9 31 28 3 25 14 5 9 21 4 17 6 3 3 2 2 _ - - _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - - - - " - - - BOOKKEEPING-HACHINE OPERATORS ------------ 32 3 9.5 153.00 1 4 6 .0 0 1 38 .0 0 -1 6 5 .0 0 - - - 2 7 10 1 5 - 7 - - - - - - - - - - NACHINE B IL L E R S ------------------------------------------------ 25 4 0 .0 140.00 1 44 .00 1 44 .0 0 -1 4 4 .0 0 - - - 6 - 14 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 3 9 7 2 7 1 6 1 i “ 14 11 3 3 3 “ 5 3 2 6 5 1 4 2 2 6 4 2 - _ _ _ _ ~ - ~ _ " - 3 14 9 5 95 5 70 14 60 15 62 12 53 6 44 24 15 5 11 11 5 5 7 4 4 4 20 20 “ 1 1 2 2 ~ 2 16 4 13 6 4 2 19 17 20 12 14 10 11 5 7 3 - 1 2 - ~ - 2 8 10 4 16 1 - - - - - - - o r de r 1 18 .50 -1 48 .00 1 16 .5 0 -1 4 2 .5 0 4 4 PAYROLL CLERKS -------------------------------------------------NANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 75 47 28 39.0 39.5 37.5 1 5 9 .5 0 1 6 6 .0 0 1 4 9 .0 0 1 60 .0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 6 . 0 0 1 61 .0 0 1 3 5 . 5 0 - 1 8 9 . 0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 2 1 . 5 0 - 1 6 9 . 0 0 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS -------------------------------------NANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 531 130 38.5 40.0 1 3 9 .0 0 1 6 9 .5 0 1 3 3 .5 0 1 60 .0 0 115.50-152*00 1 3 8 .00 -1 98 .00 10 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A --------NONNANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 153 69 40.0 40.0 166.00 1 4 6 .0 0 1 6 1 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 133 .00 -1 92 .00 1 2 4 .00 -1 65 -00 - KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS BI MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 46 4 0 .0 1 4 6 .0 0 1 4 7 .5 0 1 35 .5 0 -1 6 0 .0 0 - 2 72 2 15 15 2 " 3 See footnotes at end of tables. 4 - - - 4 20 - - 4 2 2 2 11 11 - _ - 8 8 - 8 8 - - - " - 4 2 2 2 11 11 - _ - 8 8 - 8 8 - _ - " - - - ' - - - 1 - “ Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Norfolk— Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978 ^^Weddy^arnlng^^™ (standard) Number of workers Oc cup ati on and i n d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Average weekly hours1 (standard) N u m b e r of w o r k e r s re c e i v i n g s t r a ig h t -t i m e we e kl y earnings of— "* t Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 i t $ s f* % * i * t * * * * * * * * * 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 3 30 350 370 390 410 430 450 140 150 160 170 180 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330 3 50 370 390 410 4 30 4 50 470 9 11 14 20 36 23 24 11 7 4 2 1 - 120 6 18 11 19 11 7 3 1 1 13 5 12 11 2 - - 1 1 - and under 130 ALL WORKERS COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS (B U S I N E S S ) ----------------------------------------------------------- 172 4 0.0 $ $ $ 320*00 3 23 .00 2 8 5 . 5 0 - 3 5 2 . 5 0 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS A ------------------------------ 77 4 0.0 3 5 4 .5 0 3 52 .00 3 2 3 . 0 0 - 3 7 5 * 0 0 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B ------------------------------ 45 40.0 3 1 9 .0 0 3 21 .5 0 2 8 5 . 5 0 - 3 4 5 . 5 0 - COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS C ------------------------------ 10 - - - - - - - - - - 50 4 0.0 267.50 2 64 .50 2 4 5 . 0 0 - 3 0 8 . 0 0 - - - - - - - 10 - 9 11 1 9 6 1 3 - - - - - ------- 98 40.0 2 4 8 .0 0 2 53 .00 2 0 1 . 5 0 - 2 8 3 . 5 0 - - - - 1 5 10 10 10 10 17 18 5 9 1 2 - - - - - COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B ------------------------------------------------------------- - - 1 9 10 13 7 2 - - 1 - - - - - 4 2 2 _ _ _ _ - - 1 1 2 2 _ - 1 1 _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 2 2 _ - 1 1 _ - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) 43 39.5 2 5 0 . 5 0 2 51 .5 0 2 3 0 . 0 0 - 2 6 3 . 0 0 - - - - - COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS C ------------------------------------------------------------- 26 49.0 1 8 7 .5 0 1 86 .5 0 1 8 6 . 5 0 - 1 9 6 . 0 0 - - - - I 5 10 9 i COMPUTER OPERATORS ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONHANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 221 64 157 40.0 39.5 40.0 1 7 9 .5 0 1 9 7 .5 0 1 7 2 .5 0 17 0.00 1 5 2 . 0 0 - 1 9 5 . 0 0 19 0.00 1 6 5 . 0 0 - 2 0 5 . 0 0 167.50 1 5 2 . 0 0 - 1 8 8 . 5 0 1 1 5 1 4 32 5 27 28 8 20 41 9 32 30 2 28 14 6 8 38 19 19 14 4 10 10 3 7 COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B -----------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 101 36 65 3 9 . 5 1 9 4 .0 0 3 9 .5 2 0 3 . 0 0 4 0 . 0 1 8 8 .5 0 18 8.00 1 6 7 . 5 0 - 2 0 6 . 0 0 18 8.00 1 6 5 . 0 0 - 2 1 0 . 5 0 18 8.00 1 7 0 . 0 0 - 2 0 1 . 5 0 “ i i ~ 3 1 2 6 6 - 20 6 14 12 1 11 12 4 8 27 8 8 3 5 9 3 6 _ 19 COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 104 84 4 0.0 40.0 1 5 9 .5 0 1 5 4 .5 0 157.50 1 4 4 . 0 0 - 1 7 0 . 0 0 152 .00 1 4 3 . 0 0 - 1 6 7 . 0 0 1 “ 4 4 29 25 22 20 21 18 17 17 - - - - - DRAFTERS -----------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 174 111 39.5 4 0.0 2 4 4 . 5 0 2 37 .0 0 2 0 6 . 0 0 - 2 9 4 . 0 0 2 2 6 . 5 0 2 21 .0 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 - 2 6 9 * 5 0 1 1 5 5 1 1 6 6 3 3 6 6 8 7 18 11 31 20 23 17 14 9 14 6 17 17 2 2 20 - 5 - - - - - - - - - - 9 7 - - 20 - 5 - - - - 49 27 8C 31 95 63 92 14 27 5 1 1 _ _ _ - 1 1 _ - - - 9 _ - DR AF TE R S. CLASS B -------------------------------------- 94 39.5 2 5 5 .5 0 2 39 .5 0 2 1 0 . 0 0 - 3 3 0 . 0 0 - - - - - 5 6 12 20 10 drafters, class -------------------------------------- 36 39.5 1 9 7 .0 0 1 98 .5 0 1 6 7 . 0 0 - 2 1 8 . 0 0 - 1 - 6 3 1 2 6 11 6 E LE C TR ON IC S T E C H N I C IA N S ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------n o n m anufactur in g: P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------- 559 211 40.0 40.0 2 6 7 . OC 27 6 .5 0 2 2 9 . 0 0 - 2 9 9 . 0 0 2 6 9 .5 0 2 76 .0 0 2 4 5 . 0 0 - 2 9 7 . 5 0 - 6 - - - 10 9 “ 48 30 73 10 68 29 111 40.0 243*00 24 0 .5 0 2 1 2 . 0 0 - 2 8 3 . 5 0 - 7 31 12 6 15 15 8 2 - - - - - - E LE C TR ON IC S T E C H N I C I A N S . CLASS A MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------- 90 53 37 28 4 0.0 39.5 40.0 40.0 3 0 3 . 0 0 2 9 9 .0 0 3 0 4 .0 0 3 01 .5 0 3 0 1 .0 0 2 99 .0 0 3 0 5 .0 0 2 99 .0 0 20 13 7 3 33 14 19 15 22 14 8 8 7 5 2 2 1 1 _ - _ - - 1 1 - - ~ 6 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - - EL EC TR O N IC S T E C H N I C I A N S . CLASS 8 NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 184 68 40.0 40.0 2 6 4 .0 0 2 65 .50 2 4 2 . 0 0 - 2 9 7 . 5 0 2 4 4 . 5 0 2 42 .0 0 221 . 0 0 - 2 6 5 . 0 0 30 12 52 3 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ - - - - - - - EL EC TR O N IC S T E C H N I C I A N S . CLASS C NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------- 75 33 29 40.0 201.00 4 0 . 0 1 9 1 .0 0 4 0 . 0 1 8 7 .0 0 R EG IS TE R ED IN D U S TR I A L NURSES --------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------- 32 30 40.0 4 0.0 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c 6 - - 2 06 .0 0 1 9 6 . 5 0 - 2 1 2 . 0 0 1 94 .00 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 1 2 . 0 0 1 87 .00 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 0 8 . 0 0 2 3 0 .0 0 2 2 5 .0 0 1 9 8 . 0 0 - 2 6 0 . 5 0 2 2 5 .5 0 2 1 3 .5 0 1 9 8 . 0 0 - 2 5 6 . 5 0 - ~ - - - - - _ - 6 6 6 - - - - - - - - _ - 9 - _ - 9 9 9 _ - - _ - S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s . - 2 87 .50 -3 12 .50 2 87 .0 0 -3 1 7 .5 0 2 98 .00 -3 11 .50 2 9 8 .00 -3 12 .03 5 1 1 1 1 - 25 25 44 17 33 11 38 8 7 18 8 6 4 2 1 _ 11 11 3 3 3 3 11 11 ~ - Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex, in Norfolk— Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978 Average (mean*) 39.5 $ 1 2 1 .5 0 HEN MESSENGERS ---------------------------------------------- 27 Sex, 3 occupation, and i nd us tr y divi si on OF FI CE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED F I L E CLERKS - CONTINUED 39.5 39.5 SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 95 82 39.0 39.0 SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N IS T S MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 204 50 154 39.5 39.5 39.5 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS $ 1( B U S IN E S S ) - CONTINUED 1 1 2 .5 0 1 1 2 .5 0 I COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS A -----------------------------1 3 3 .0 0 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS 1 3 0 .0 0 ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS B -----------------------------1 3 2 .0 0 1 4 6 .0 0 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS 1 2 7 .5 0 ( B U S I N E S S ) . CLASS C ------------------------------ ORDER CLERKS ------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 72 66 39.5 39.0 1 1 8 .5 0 1 1 4 .0 0 ORDER CL ERK S. CLASS B --------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 61 56 40.0 40.0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 16 .5 0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 6 37 248 389 79 39.5 39.5 3 9 .5 39.5 1 5 6 .0 0 1 6 6 .0 0 1 50 .0 0 1 5 1 .5 0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A -------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 182 89 93 31 39.5 40.0 39.0 39.0 1 8 9 .0 0 2 1 5 .5 0 1 6 3 .5 0 1 7 2 .0 0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B -------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 455 159 296 39.5 39.5 40.0 1 4 3 .0 0 1 3 8 .5 0 1 4 5 .5 0 32 39.5 1 5 3 .0 0 S E C R E T A R IE S . CLASS C MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S — 336 169 167 42 3 9.5 39.5 39.5 4 0.0 1 7 9 .0 0 1 9 1 .0 0 1 6 7 .0 0 1 9 1 .0 0 S E C R E T A R IE S . CLASS 0 MANUFACTURING ----------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S — 292 89 203 37 3 9 . 0 1 7 0 .0 0 3 9 . 0 1 7 6 .5 0 3 9 . 0 1 6 7 .0 0 38.5 237.00 STENOGRAPHERS ------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------P UBL IC U T I L I T I E S — 183 39 144 35 40.0 40.0 39.5 39.5 STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL NONMANUFACTURING ---------P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S — 142 117 25 3 9 . 5 1 5 8 .5 0 3 9 . 5 1 5 8 .5 0 39.5 232.00 BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS -----------MACHINE B IL L E R S ----------------------------------------------- 25 40.0 1 4 0 .0 0 STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR NONMANUFACTURING ---------- 41 27 4 0.0 40.0 1 9 5 .0 0 1 9 2 .0 0 PAYROLL CLERKS -------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 73 45 28 39.0 39.5 37.5 1 5 9 .0 0 1 6 5 .5 0 1 4 9 .0 0 T Y P I S T S ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S — 296 102 194 58 39.0 39.5 39.0 39 . 0 1 9 5 .0 0 1 5 3 .0 0 1 4 1 .0 0 1 6 1 .0 0 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 531 130 38.5 40.0 1 39 .0 0 1 6 9 .5 0 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A --------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- 153 69 40.0 40.0 1 6 6 .0 0 1 4 6 .0 0 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS BZ MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 46 40.0 1 4 6 .0 0 T Y P I S T S . CLASS 8 ------------MANUFACTURING -----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------P UBL IC U T I L I T I E S — F I L E CLERKS ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------- 202 41 161 50 159 154 38.5 38.5 38.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 1 6 6 .5 0 1 7 3 .5 0 1 6 4 .5 0 221.50 1 5 6 .5 0 1 5 0 .5 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 43 .0 0 1 3 9 .0 0 1 6 1 .5 0 114.00 1 1 3 .0 0 S ee f o o t n o t e s 41 4 0 .0 267.50 48 3 9.5 262.50 COMPUTER OPERATORS ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 147 44 103 COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 59 36 3 9.5 40.0 206.50 197.00 COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 77 62 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 63.00 156.50 DRAFTERS ------------------------------------------------------------------ 160 39.5 2 51.50 CLASS B -------------------------------------- 91 3 9.5 2 57.00 ELE CT RO NI CS T E C H N I C IA N S ---------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------no n m a nufa c tur in g: P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------- 551 209 4 0.0 40.0 268.50 2 69.50 105 249.00 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 4 0.0 3 03.00 304.00 301.00 305.00 D R AFT ERS . EL EC TRO NI CS T E C H N I C I A N S . CLASS A MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------- 90 53 37 28 EL EC TR ON ICS T E C H N I C I A N S . CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 182 68 145 6 2 64.00 244.50 PROFESSIONAL AND T EC HNI CAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS ( B U S I N E S S ) ----------------------------------------------------------- 27 COMPUTER OPERATORS ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 74 54 169.00 168.50 42 29 1 76.00 178.00 | COMPUTER OPERATORS. a t en d o f t a b l e s . 4 0 .0 185.00 3 9 .5 2 10.00 4 0 .0 174.50 COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- PROFESSIONAL a n d t e c h n i c a l OCCUPATIONS - HEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS (B U S I N E S S ) --------------------------------- 3 25.00 o o o o 1 9 8 .5 0 2 2 3 .5 0 1 7 9 .0 0 $ 3 56.00 ------- COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) o o o o 39.5 4 0.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 35 2 3 1 .0 0 146 63 83 94 33 69 o 1 8 2 .0 0 1 9 5 .5 0 1 7 2 .5 0 213.50 137 136 S E C R E T A R IE S . CLASS B MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING --------- T Y P I S T S . CLASS A ------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------- AND TE CH NI CA L MEN— CONTINUED o 33 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.0 Weekly Weekly earning!1 hours* (standard) (standard) ft CLASS A - 8 27 333 A 94 84 o o S E C R E T A R IE S . PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS - F I L E CLE RKS . CLASS C -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- WOMEN SEC RET ARI ES -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------NONMANUFACTURING --------P UBL IC U T I L I T I E S — Sex, 3 occupation, and in d u s t r y d iv i si o n O O O F F I C E OCCUPATIONS - Weekly Weekly earnings1 hours (standard) (standard) O o OCCUPATIONS - Weekly earnings1 (standard) Average (mean2) Number of workers * OFFICE Weekh r hours (standard) Average (mean2) Number of woikers o « O V * S e x , 1 occupation, and i n d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of workers 40.0 3 2 3 .5 0 3 9.5 300.50 CLASS C ------------ 27 40.0 150.50 REGIS TERED IN D U S TR I A L NURSES --------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 31 29 40.0 4 0 .0 229.00 224.50 Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Norfolk— Virginia Beach— Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978 Hourly earnings 4 N Occupation and in d u s tr y d iv i si o n N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r ec ei v in g s t r a ig h t -t i m e h o u r ly earning s of------s of w orkers Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 * S * 3.90 $ 3.50 t 3 .3 0 l 3.60 3.70 3.80 * 9.00 9.20 $ * 9.90 9 .60 9.80 5.20 s 5.60 $ 6.00 S $ 6. 90 6 . 8 0 $ 7.20 $ 7.60 s 8.00 $ $ 8 .9 0 8 .8 0 $ s 9 .2 0 9 . 6 3.50 3 .6 0 3.70 3.80 9.00 9.20 9.90 9.60 9.80 5.20 5. 60 6 . 0 0 6.90 6. 80 7 . 2 0 7 .60 8.00 8.90 8 . 8 0 9 .2 0 9.60 10 .0 $ s and under 3 .9 0 ALL UORKFRS $ 6 .9 2 6.99 $ 80 31 $ 6.88 6.44 $ MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS ------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------- 6 .6 1 5 .9 9 - 7.31 6 .6 1 MAINTENANCE E L E C T R I C I A N S -------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S ---------------------------- 399 319 80 70 7.87 7.86 7.92 8.09 7 .6 2 7 .2 3 7 .7 5 7 .8 2 6 .4 4 6 .9 9 7.6 2 7 .6 2 - 9 .5 8 9 .5 8 8 .5 7 8 .5 7 2 2 - - - - - - 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 97 6.86 7 .0 0 6 .4 4 - 7 .2 6 199 8.26 9 .5 8 7 .0 7 - 9 .5 8 - * - - - - - 5 - - MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MA CH IN ER Y) MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S ---------------------------- 323 271 52 93 6.95 6.15 7.97 8.06 6.93 6.29 7.82 7.82 5 .7 0 5 .6 1 7 .6 7 7 .8 2 - 6 .9 1 6 .5 5 8 .5 7 8 .5 7 _ - - - - - - - 6 6 - 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - - -» - - MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------- 228 69 169 119 6.48 5.97 6.68 6.61 6 .6 7 5.32 6.88 6 .7 0 5.2 59.6 86 .3 1 6 .3 1 - 7 .0 7 5 .9 9 7.31 7. 07 _ - ~ MAINTENANCE P I P E F I T T E R S ---------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------- 102 91 7.33 7.28 6 .6 1 6 .6 1 6 .4 4 6 .4 4 - 8. 97 9 .3 6 - - 38 7.23 6 .6 1 6 .6 1 - 7 .6 2 - - - “ - - WORKERS - MAINTENANCE TRADES HELPERS --------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S ---------------------------- 95 32 30 5.05 5.52 5.56 4 .9 9 4 .9 9 9 .9 9 3 .9 5 4 .9 9 4 .9 9 - 6. 91 6 .9 1 6. 91 S TA TIO NAR Y EN GINEERS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------- ’9 69 7.00 6 .92 6 .4 4 6.44 6 .2 9 5 .8 7 - 31 31 5.57 5.57 9 .5 9 9 .5 9 3 .9 4 3 .9 4 - 6. 01 6 .0 1 - 15 15 30 2 21 1 “ 7 7 32 30 2 23 23 - 69 60 4 27 27 - 25 18 7 3 38 5 33 33 “ 1 “ “ 2 2 - 35 1 39 39 - - 2 2 193 193 “ 12 12 2 - 11 12 6 - 1 - - 6 4 13 4 22 4 9 25 4 5 - 109 55 55 37 37 57 57 67 63 4 4 97 96 1 1 7 17 17 17 2 21 - 5 5 2 21 21 - 13 10 3 1 8 4 9 “ “ ~ 7 19 13 6 “ 29 2 27 27 19 ~ 19 19 98 2 96 33 2 2 _ 6 6 5 5 39 39 13 13 2 9 " 34 39 26 2 ” 16 12 4 “ - - - - “ ~ 26 26 4 - 9 1 i - 18 18 " - 2 2 “ - - - - ~ 3 - 17 - 1 12 - - - 5 1 1 “ i - 17 17 17 1 1 “ ~ - - _ _ _ - “ 12 12 12 - “ “ “ 5 5 ~ 6 6 - “ - - 1 i See footnotes at end of tables. 3 3 13 9 4 “ - 7 7 5 5 3 3 29 29 15 - - _ - * - - 4 4 3 3 - - 1 1 4 4 - - - - - 18 7.31 6 .6 1 BOIL ER TENDERS ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------- 1 1 9 MAINTENANCE P A IN TE R S -----------------------------MAINTENANCE M A C H IN I S TS ------------------------- MAINTENANCE S H E E T -M E T A L 5 5 7 i i 2 2 - 6 6 ~ - - - - - 2 “ 7 7 1 1 Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Norfolk— Virginia Beach— Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978 Hourly earnings * N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v in g s t r a i g h t - t i m e ho u r ly e a r n i n g s o f — $ ~i --------- ~i-------i 7. 40 7 . 8 0 8 . 2 0 8 . 6 0 9 . 0 0 S Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 S * 2.90 s t S s s 3 . 20 3 . 4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 . 0 0 4.20 4.60 5.40 * 5 .80 * 6 .2 0 $ 6.60 $ 7 .00 S 3.00 $ 5 .0 0 % 2.70 $ 2.80 s 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 O c c u p a t io n a n d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n NuuiU of workers 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3 .8 0 4.00 4.20 4.60 5.00 5 .4 0 5.80 6 .20 6 .60 7.00 7.40 7 .8 0 140 22 2 170 21 149 139 18 121 40 7 33 147 12 135 68 12 56 29 17 12 - 5 2 3 - 40 22 18 - 187 2 10 8 8 - - _ _ _ 26 3 23 87 9 78 3 2 1 50 6 44 43 39 4 33 27 2 25 10 2 8 _ _ 5 5 - 136 18 118 118 15 15 41 10 31 ~ 19 15 6 5 1 8 8 - 7 4 3 7 3 2 1 8 4 4 1 1 1 6 - 1 - 7 6 1 16 16 - 9 9 12 12 8 - 65 32 5 - - and un d e s s r o *o C O C O O C M 9.00 9.40 ALL UORKERS TRUCKDRIVERS ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S ----------------- 1 .6 5 5 318 1 .3 3 7 386 $ 4 .69 4.57 4.71 6.69 $ 4.20 4.60 3.75 6.85 $ $ 3 .2 5 - 6 .35 4 .2 0 - 4 .80 3 .0 0 - 6 .85 4 .2 5 - 9 .35 TRUCKDRIVERS. L I G H T TRUCK NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------- 251 243 2.85 2 .80 2.65 2.65 2 .6 5 2 .6 5 - TR UCKDRIVERS. MEDIUM TRUCK MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------- 698 93 605 4.25 4 .69 4 .18 3.75 4.43 3 .6 4 NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------ 396 65 331 196 5 .63 4.78 5 .80 5.28 TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK (OTHER THAN T R A I L E R ! ------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------ 199 150 SH IPP ING CLERKS --------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- 140 22 68 68 2.88 2.88 133 133 15 15 60 60 3 .2 5 4 .0 0 3 .1 0 - 4 .92 5.47 4.75 7 7 7 7 8 8 2 2 5.41 4.73 6.40 4.25 4 .2 5 4 .2 0 4 .2 5 4 .2 5 - 6.85 5.41 6.85 6 .85 _ _ _ _ - - - 4.19 4.38 4 •60 4 • 80 3 .6 3 4 .6 0 - 4.80 4 .80 _ 106 29 77 4 .47 5.37 4 .13 4.63 5.55 4.48 3 .5 0 5 .2 7 3 .5 0 - 5.27 5.83 4.63 - R EC EI V IN G CLERKS ------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- 122 64 58 5.51 6.37 4.57 5.03 7.74 4.63 3 .9 5 4 .5 6 3 .9 1 - 7.74 7.74 5.34 - 3 “ SH IPP ING AND R E C EI V IN G CLERKS NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- 75 63 4.24 3.98 3.85 3 .7 4 3 .2 5 3 .2 5 - 5.00 5.00 UAR EH OUS EM EN ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURIN6 ----------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------ 358 221 137 71 5 .13 4.69 5.86 7 .12 4.46 4.46 4.85 7.04 4 .4 0 4 .4 6 4 .2 5 4 .2 5 - ORDER F I L L E R S --------------------------------------- 210 4.84 4.73 SH IPPING PACKERS ------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------- 89 85 3.67 3 .70 3.73 3.73 MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS — MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------ 1 .1 1 0 458 652 4 .16 3.98 4.28 F O R K L I F T OPERATORS -------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------------ 524 372 152 35 4.97 5.02 4.85 6.18 TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK ( T R A I L E R ! ----------------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------- - - ~ - 130 130 _ 129 8 121 _ - “ “ _ _ - _ “ 21 21 10 10 2 2 - - 16 16 3 17 1 16 “ - - 3 - 50 6 44 6 - 162 129 33 2 8 2 6 - 66 _ _ _ 187 157 66 - _ _ - _ 12 - - - 12 - - - _ _ _ - 2 - 105 105 105 - - 8 _ - 33 52 3 _ _ _ - “ 1 1 7 5 2 1 1 31 9 6 3 6 4 2 10 5 5 2 2 3 1 2 22 1 21 7 4 3 - 9 7 19 18 174 14 1 33 24 61 51 10 - 9 7 2 1 38 32 - 2 5 5 5 5 12 10 5 5 7 7 5 5 - 5 6 1 3 2 11 6 1 3 2 11 - 1 - - - 109 1 ~ 2 78 78 78 65 65 _ 4 12 4 12 109 “ 24 22 2 5 2 3 16 16 - 4 “ 4 4 “ 2 187 63 124 122 ~ “ - 114 114 31 - - " “ - 3 2 2 5 5 - - - 5.14 4.80 7.04 9.35 1 1 - 1 - 2 4 .4 5 - 6.22 19 6 3 - 11 - 6 - - - 30 3 .3 2 3 .3 2 - 3.96 3.96 2 2 8 6 - 2 2 2 2 10 10 6 5 32 32 7 6 2 2 3.50 3 .5 3 3.50 2 .8 5 3 .3 0 2 .8 5 - 4.88 4.22 6.12 51 13 38 89 10 79 157 3 154 6 6 45 27 18 187 1 54 33 23 16 7 22 12 10 46 37 9 127 65 62 43 33 10 66 49 17 20 20 14 14 32 5 4.60 4.61 4.60 6 .33 4 .1 5 4 .2 3 3 .7 5 6 .3 3 - 5.45 5.24 6.27 7.04 4 4 - 12 2 10 3 1 2 2 2 10 4 6 14 11 3 46 22 24 20 20 - 36 21 15 6 102 96 6 93 64 29 40 40 - 24 24 2 - 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - " - - - - - 1 _ - - - - - - - 37 37 - _ _ _ - - - - - 18 18 1 2 - - 5 S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e s . - 19 19 8 7 1 8 - 7 _ - - - “ _ - “ 5 - - - - - 5 5 “ " “ - - - - - - - 144 - _ - _ - 33 33 - _ - - - 144 - 41 _ 12 - - - 41 15 - 12 12 63 63 - - - - - _ _ - - - - 33 33 33 - - - - - - - Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Norfolk— Virginia Beach— Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978— Continued Hourly earnings * N u m b e r of w o r k e r s rec eiv ing s t r a ig h t -t i m e ho u r ly earnings of— s s * s S s s $ S s $ 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 . 8 0 2 . 9 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 9 0 3 .6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 ( . 6 0 O c c u p a t io n a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n workers M ean2 M edian* M iddle range * $ 5.90 % $ $ 5 . 8 0 6 . 2 0 6 .6 0 S 7 .0 0 $ s $ 7 . 90 7 . 8 0 8 . 2 0 $ 8 .6 0 % 5 .0 0 7.0 0 7.90 7. 80 8 . 2 0 8 . 6 0 9 .0 0 9.90 2 “ 15 15 - - - - - - 11 11 11 2 2 2 7 1 1 - - - 1 9.00 and under 2.70 2 .8 0 2.90 3.00 3.20 3 .90 - - 6 6 - 21 6 5 2 “ 17 16 “ 69 9 60 2 69 9 55 1 3.60 3 .8 0 9.00 9 . 2 0 4 .6 0 .0 0 5.90 5.80 6.20 6 .60 16 16 4 4 3 1 - “ 128 “ 1 ~ 3 3 3 ALL UORKERS— CONTINUED POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS (OTHER THAN F O R K L I F T ) --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------- 109 105 $ 9.7 6 9.70 $ 9 .0 6 4 .0 6 $ $ 9 .0 1 - 9.98 9 .0 1 - 9.98 - - GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------ 977 168 29 9.90 3.93 5.<*<* 9 .5 6 2 .8 0 6 .2 7 2 .9 0 - 5.44 2 .7 0 - 3.93 3 .9 3 - 7.19 32 26 6 58 56 ~ 18 18 J A N I T O R S . P OR TER S. AND CLEANERS — MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------------P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------ 1.2 2 7 <*73 7 59 55 3.56 4.37 3.05 9 .56 3 .2 5 4.43 2 .6 5 9 .5 2 2 .65 3 . 60~ 2 .6 5 3 .7 0 - 963 9 454 23 2 21 2 36 19 17 1 4.43 5.10 3.25 4 . 80 5 1 4 S e e f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e s . 9 1 1 4 4 56 56 2 ll 10 6 18 2 “ 11 2 27 “ ~ 31 13 “ 44 22 22 3 105 59 80 25 7 35 29 7 17 6 11 2 2 118 99 19 8 - 76 ” 80 59 21 10 111 104 7 1 4 2 1 2 1 “ 7 7 7 - ~ 4 4 4 _ _ - - - _ _ - 17 17 - - - - - - - - - - Sex, 3 occupation, and i ndu str y div ision Sex, 3 occupation, and i n d u s tr y divi si on MAINTE NA NCE ' TOOLROOM' AND POUERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - MEN Number of Average (mean^) hourly earnings 4 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTOOIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS — MANUFACTURING ------------------ 80 31 MAINTENANCE E L E C T R I C I A N S MANUFACTURING -----------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S — 399 319 80 70 $ 6.88 TRUCKDRIVERS - CONTINUED 6.44 TR UCKDRIVE RS' HEAVY TRUCK ( T R A I L E R ! ----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------PU B LI C U T I L I T I E S ------------- 396 65 331 196 $ 5.63 4.78 5.80 5.28 TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK (OTHER THAN T R A IL E R ) -------MANUFACTURING ------------------------- 196 147 4 .19 4.37 SH IP P IN G CLERKS --------------------------------NONHANUFACTURING ---------------------- 95 77 4.46 4.13 R EC EI V IN G CLERKS -----------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- 114 56 58 5.50 6 .47 4 .57 S H IP P IN G AND REC EIV ING CLERKS NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------- 57 51 4.09 4 .02 WAREHOUSEMEN -------------------MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING — P UBL IC U T I L I T I E S 347 210 137 71 5.16 4 .71 5.86 7 .12 ORDER F I L L E R S — 210 7.87 7.86 7 .92 8.09 MAINTENANCE P AI N TE R S — 47 6.86 MAINTENANCE MA CH INI STS 199 8.26 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (M ACH IN ERY ) MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONHANUFACTURING ------------------------------------P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 323 271 52 43 6.45 6.15 7.97 8.06 MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MOTOR V E H IC L E S ) -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------P UB LI C U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 228 64 164 119 6 .48 5.97 102 7.33 7.28 MAINTENANCE P I P E F I T T E R S --------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------------- 91 6.68 6.61 MAINTENANCE S H EE T -M ET A L WORKERS ------- 38 7.23 MAINTENANCE TRADES HELPERS ------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------PU B LI C U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 45 32 30 5.05 5.52 5.56 S H IP P IN G PACKERS MANUFACTURING STATI ONA RY ENGINEERS MANUFACTURING -------- 79 64 7.00 6.92 MATERIAL HANOLING LABORERS MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------- BOIL ER TENDERS ------------MANUFACTURING -------- 31 31 5.57 5.57 1 .6 3 1 314 1 .3 1 7 386 4.71 4.57 4.74 6.69 TR UCK DRIVERS. L I G H T TRUCK NONMANUFACTURING --------------------- 230 223 2.85 2 .80 TR UCK DRIVERS. MEDIUM TRUCK MANUFACTURING ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------- 698 93 605 4.25 4.69 4 .18 66 63 3.73 3 .75 1.09 7 447 650 4 .1 3 3 .92 4 .2 8 F O R K L I F T OPERATORS — MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING PUB LIC U T I L I T I E S 515 363 152 35 4 .96 5 .01 4 .85 6 .18 POWER-TRUCK OPERATORS (OTHER THAN F O R K L I F T ) -----------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------- MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CU STO D IA L OCCUPATIONS - MEN TRUCKDRIVERS --------------------MANUFACTURING ---------NONHANUFACTURING P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S 0 0 Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers. by sex, in Norfolk— Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., May 1978 106 102 4 .6 8 4 .61 GUARDS AND WATCHMEN -------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------P UBL IC U T I L I T I E S --------------- 454 148 29 4 .47 3.52 5 .44 J A N I T O R S . POR TER S. AND CLEANERS ------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------PU B LI C U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------- 766 320 446 44 3 .73 4.46 3.21 4 .72 461 153 308 3 .28 4 .1 9 2 .8 3 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTO DIAL OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN J A N I T O R S . PO RTERS. AND CLEANERS ------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of tables. 10 Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for employment shifts, for selected occupational groups in Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C., for selected periods J a n u a r y 1972 to J a n u a r y 1973 I n d u s t r y a n d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p 5 A ll in d u s t r ie s : O ffic e c l e r i c a l E l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g I n d u s t r ia l n u r s e s S k i ll e d m a in t e n a n c e t r a d e s U n s k i ll e d p la n t w o r k e r s M a n u fa c t u r in g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l E l e c t r o n i c da ta p r o c e s s in g _____ I n d u s t r ia l n u r s e s S k i ll e d m a in t e n a n c e t r a d e s U n s k i ll e d p la n t w o r k e r s J a n u a r y 1973 to J a n u a r y 1974 J a n u a r y 1 9 7 4 t o M a y 197 5 16 - m o n t h in c r e a s e M a y 197 5 to M a y 1976 A n n u al ra te o f in c r e a s e M a y 1976 to M a y 1977 M a y 1977 to M a y 197 8 5 .3 ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l _______________________________ ___________ E l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g _____________________________ I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s _________ __ ________________________ U n s k i ll e d p la n t w o r k e r s _________________________________ 5 .7 (6 ) (6 ) 7 .4 7 .0 (6) 4 .3 7 .5 8 .7 1 0 .9 1 1.4 1 2.2 1 2 .4 1 4.2 8.1 8 .4 9 .0 9 .2 1 0 .5 6 .3 5 .7 4 .8 7 .2 8 .3 7 .0 6 .1 1 2 .8 6 .3 6 .8 7 .6 7 .1 7 .7 8 .5 8 .1 (6 ) (6 ) (6) 6 .3 7 .6 (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) 7 .9 9 .2 (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) 1 2 .3 1 7 .3 (6 ) (6) (6 ) 9 .1 12.7 (6 ) (6) (6) 7 .2 9 .0 (6) (6) 1 3 .5 5 .8 8 .2 (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) 8 .9 8 .1 5 .3 5 .6 (6 ) (6 ) 8 .3 1 0.9 (6 ) (6 ) 1 2 .4 8.1 6 .9 (6) (6 ) 8 .0 6 .5 7 .9 (6) (6 ) 6 .1 (6 ) (6 ) 8 .5 (6 ) (6 ) 6 .1 (6 ) (6 ) 9 .2 See footnotes at end of tables. Footnotes 1 St andard hou rs r ef le c t the w o r k w e e k for wh ich employees rec eiv e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e sala rie s (e x cl us iv e of p ay fo r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r and/or p r e m i u m r ate s), and the ear nin gs co r r e s p o n d to these w ee kl y ho ur s. 2 T h e m e a n is co mp ut ed fo r each job b y totaling the earnings of a ll w o r k e r s and div iding by the n u m b e r of w o r k e r s . T h e m e d i a n designates position— half of the w o r k e r s re c e i v e the same or m o r e and half r e c e i v e the sa me o r less than, the rate shown. T h e m id d le range is defined b y two rates of pay; a fou rt h of the w o r k e r s e ar n the same or less than the lo w e r of these rates and a fourth e ar n the sam e o r m o r e than the highe r rate. 3 Earnings establishment. 4 E x clu d e s data rel ate p r e m iu m pay only to w o r k e r s fo r o v e r tim e and whose sex fo r w o rk identification on w eek en d s, was p ro v id e d h o lid a y s , and by the la t e s h i ft s . 5 Es t i m a te s fo r periods ending p r i o r to 1976 relate to m en only for skilled maintenance and un skilled plant w o r k e r s . A l l other estimates relate to m en and women. 6 Data do not me et publication c r i t e r i a o r data not available. 11 Appendix A . Scope and Method of Survey O c c u p a tio n s and e a r n in g s In e a c h o f th e 75 1 a r e a s c u r r e n t ly s u r v e y e d , th e B u re a u o b ta in s w a g e s and r e la t e d b e n e f it s da ta f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o le s a le t r a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . G o v e rn m e n t o p e r a t io n s and th e c o n s t r u c t io n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s t r ie s a r e e x c lu d e d . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h av in g fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e a ls o e x c lu d e d b e c a u s e o f in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d . A p p e n d ix ta b le 1 sh o w s th e n u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s e s tim a te d to be w ith in th e s c o p e o f th is s u r v e y , a s w e ll a s th e n u m b e r a c tu a lly stu d ied . O c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r stu dy a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s , and a r e o f th e fo llo w in g t y p e s : (1) O f fic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s io n a l and t e c h n ic a l; (3) m a in te n a n c e , t o o l r o o m , and p o w e r p la n t ; and (4) m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d ia l. O ccu p a tio n a l c la s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u tie s w ith in th e s a m e jo b . O c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r stu dy a r e lis t e d and d e s c r i b e d in a p p e n d ix B. U n le s s o t h e r w is e in d ic a t e d , th e e a r n in g s data fo llo w in g th e jo b t i t le s a r e f o r a ll in d u s t r ie s c o m b in e d . E a rn in g s data f o r s o m e o f th e o c c u p a t io n s lis t e d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e in d u s tr y d iv is io n s w ith in the s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y , a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s ta b le s b e c a u s e e it h e r (1) e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e en ough data to m e r it p r e s e n t a t io n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t da ta . S e p a r a te m e n 's and w o m e n 's e a r n in g s data a r e not p r e s e n t e d w h en th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s not id e n tifie d b y s e x is 20 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f th e m e n o r w o m e n id e n tifie d in an o c c u p a t io n . E a rn in g s data not sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly f o r in d u stry d iv is io n s a r e in clu d e d in data fo r a ll in d u s t r ie s c o m b in e d . L ik e w is e , f o r o c c u p a t io n s w ith m o r e than on e le v e l, data a r e in c lu d e d in th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h en a sub c la s s ifi c a t io n is n ot show n o r in fo r m a tio n to s u b c la s s if y is not a v a ila b le . B u r e a u f ie ld r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s o b ta in data by p e r s o n a l v is it s at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a ls . In e a c h o f th e tw o in te rv e n in g y e a r s , in fo r m a tio n on e m p lo y m e n t and o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s o n ly is c o lle c t e d by a c o m b in a tio n o f p e r s o n a l v i s i t , m a il q u e s t io n n a ir e , and te le p h o n e in te r v ie w f r o m e s t a b lis h m e n ts p a r t ic ip a t in g in th e p r e v io u s s u r v e y . A s a m p le o f th e e s ta b lis h m e n ts in th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y is s e le c t e d f o r stu d y p r i o r to e a c h p e r s o n a l v is it s u r v e y . T h is s a m p le , l e s s e s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h go ou t o f b u s in e s s o r a r e no lo n g e r w ith in th e in d u s t r ia l s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y , is r e t a in e d f o r the fo llo w in g tw o ann ual s u r v e y s . In m o s t c a s e s , e s t a b lis h m e n t s n e w to th e a r e a a r e not c o n s i d e r e d in th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y u n til th e s e l e c t i o n o f a s a m p le f o r a p e r s o n a l v is it s u r v e y . T h e s a m p lin g p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e d e ta ile d s t r a t ifi c a t io n o f a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in th e s c o p e o f an in d iv id u a l a re a s u r v e y b y in d u s tr y and n u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s . F r o m th is s tr a t ifie d u n iv e r s e a p r o b a b ilit y s a m p le is s e l e c t e d , w ith e a c h e s ta b lis h m e n t h av in g a p r e d e t e r m in e d c h a n c e o f s e le c t io n . T o o b ta in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t io n o f l a r g e th an s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is s e le c t e d . W h en data a r e c o m b in e d , e a c h e s t a b lis h m e n t is w e ig h te d a c c o r d in g to it s p r o b a b ilit y o f s e l e c t i o n s o that u n b ia s e d e s t im a t e s a r e g e n e r a te d . F o r e x a m p le , if on e out o f f o u r e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s e l e c t e d , it is g iv e n a w eigh t o f 4 to r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lu s t h r e e o t h e r s . An a lte r n a te o f th e s a m e o r ig in a l p r o b a b ilit y is c h o s e n in th e s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s if i c a t io n if data a r e not a v a ila b le f r o m th e o r i g i n a l s a m p le m e m b e r . If no s u ita b le s u b stitu te is a v a ila b le , a d d itio n a l w e ig h t is a s s ig n e d to a s a m p le m e m b e r that is s i m i l a r to th e m i s s in g u n it. O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a r e show n f o r f u ll- t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le . E a rn in g s da ta e x c lu d e p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . N o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a llo w a n c e s and in c e n t iv e b o n u s e s a r e in c lu d e d . W e e k ly h o u r s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s r e f e r to th e sta n d a rd w o r k w e e k (r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a l a r i e s ( e x c lu s iv e o f p a y f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r th e s e o c c u p a t io n s a r e ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o ll a r . V e r t i c a l lin e s w ith in th e d is tr ib u tio n o f w o r k e r s on s o m e A - t a b le s in d ic a te a ch a n g e in th e s iz e o f th e c la s s in te r v a ls . T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s in an a r e a at a p a r t ic u la r t i m e . C o m p a r is o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r t im e m a y n ot r e f le c t e x p e c te d w a g e c h a n g e s . T h e a v e r a g e s for in d iv id u a l jo b s a r e a ff e c t e d b y ch a n g e s in w a g e s and e m p lo y m e n t p a t te r n s . F o r e x a m p le , p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e f i r m s m a y ch a n g e , o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n ce to b e tt e r jo b s and b e r e p la c e d b y new w o r k e r s at lo w e r r a t e s . S u ch s h ifts in e m p lo y m e n t c o u ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e e v e n th ou gh m o s t e s t a b lis h m e n ts in an a r e a in c r e a s e w a g e s * Included in the 75 areas are 5 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, O hio; Birm ingham , A la .; N orfolk—V irginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Ham pton, V a .—N .C .; Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N . Y . ; and U tica—R om e, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ite d area studies in approxim ately 100 areas at the request o f the Employment Standards Adm inistration of the U. S. Department o f Labor. 13 d u rin g th e y e a r . C h a n g e s in e a r n in g s o f o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , sh ow n in ta b le A - 7 , a r e b e t t e r in d ic a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th an a r e e a r n in g s c h a n g e s f o r in d iv id u a l jo b s w ith in th e g r o u p s . E le c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g C om p u ter s y s te m s a n a ly s t s , c l a s s e s A , B , and C C o m p u te r p r o g r a m m e r s , c l a s s e s A , B , and C C o m p u te r o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s e s A , B , and C U n s k ille d plan t R e g is t e r e d in d u s tr ia l n urses A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s sh o u ld not b e a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d if f e r e n c e s in p a y o f th e s e x e s w ith in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s . F a c t o r s w h ic h m a y c o n tr ib u te to d if f e r e n c e s in clu d e p r o g r e s s i o n w ith in e s t a b lis h e d r a te r a n g e s (o n ly th e r a te s p a id in cu m b e n ts a r e c o lle c t e d ) and p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c d u tie s w ith in th e g e n e r a l s u r v e y jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s . J ob d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d to c l a s s i f y e m p lo y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s u s u a lly a r e m o r e g e n e r a liz e d th an t h o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts and a llo w f o r m in o r d if f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c d u tie s p e r f o r m e d . C a rp e n te rs E le c t r ic ia n s P a in t e r s M a c h in is t s M e c h a n ic s (m a c h in e r y ) M e c h a n ic s (m o t o r v e h ic le ) P ip e f i t t e r s T o o l and d ie m a k e r s In d u s tria l n u r s e s A v e r a g e e a r n in g s r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w id e e s t im a t e s . I n d u s t r ie s and e s t a b lis h m e n t s d if f e r in p a y le v e l and jo b s ta ffin g , and th u s c o n tr ib u te d if f e r e n t ly to th e e s t im a t e s f o r e a c h jo b . P a y a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l to r e f l e c t a c c u r a t e ly th e w a g e d if f e r e n t ia l a m o n g jo b s in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s . S k ille d m a in te n a n c e J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s M a t e r ia l h a n d lin g la b o r e r s P e r c e n t ch a n g e s f o r in d iv id u a l a r e a s in th e p r o g r a m as f o llo w s ; O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a t e s r e p r e s e n t th e to t a l in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e stu d y and n ot th e n u m b e r a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e s a m o n g e s ta b lis h m e n ts d i f f e r , e s t im a t e s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m th e s a m p le o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d s e r v e o n ly t o in d ic a t e th e r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f th e jo b s s tu d ie d . T h ese d if f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e do n ot a ffe c t m a t e r ia lly th e a c c u r a c y o f th e e a r n in g s da ta . a r e c o m p u te d 1. A v e r a g e e a rn in g s a r e c o m p u te d f o r e a c h o c c u p a t io n f o r the 2 y e a r s b e in g c o m p a r e d . T h e a v e r a g e s a r e d e r iv e d f r o m e a rn in g s in t h o s e e s t a b lis h m e n t s w h ic h a r e in the s u r v e y b oth y e a r s ; it is a s s u m e d that e m p lo y m e n t r e m a in s u n ch a n ged . 2. E a ch o c c u p a t io n is a s s ig n e d a w e ig h t b a s e d o n its p r o p o r tio n a te e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p in th e base y ea r. 3. T h e s e w e ig h ts a r e u s e d to c o m p u te g r o u p a v e r a g e s . E a ch o c c u p a t io n 's a v e r a g e e a r n in g s (c o m p u t e d in s te p 1) is m u lt ip lie d b y its w e ig h t. T h e p r o d u c t s a r e t o t a le d to ob ta in a g ro u p a v e r a g e . 4. The ra tio o f g ro u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t iv e y e a r s is co m p u te d by d iv id in g th e a v e r a g e for th e c u r r e n t y e a r b y the a v e r a g e for th e e a r l i e r y e a r . T h e r e s u lt— e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t — l e s s 100 is th e p e r c e n t c h a n g e . W a g e tr e n d s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s p r e s e n t e d in ta b le A - 7 a r e b a s e d on c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f m e n and w o m e n in e s t a b lis h m e n t s r e p o r t in g the tr e n d jo b s in b o th th e c u r r e n t and p r e v io u s y e a r (m a tc h e d e s t a b lis h m e n t s ). T h e data a r e a d ju s te d to r e m o v e th e e f fe c t s on a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f e m p l o y m ent s h ift s a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s and t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s in clu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p le s . T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , a r e s t i l l a ff e c t e d b y f a c t o r s o t h e r th an w a g e in c r e a s e s . H ir in g s , l a y o f f s , and tu r n o v e r m a y a ffe c t an e s ta b lis h m e n t a v e r a g e f o r an o c c u p a t io n w hen w o r k e r s a r e p a id u n d er p la n s p r o v id in g a r a n g e o f w a g e r a te s f o r in d iv id u a l jo b s . In p e r io d s o f in c r e a s e d h ir in g , f o r e x a m p le , n ew e m p lo y e e s m a y e n te r at th e b o tt o m o f the r a n g e , d e p r e s s in g th e a v e r a g e w ith ou t a ch a n g e in w a g e r a t e s . T h e p e r c e n t ch a n g e s r e la t e to w a g e ch a n g e s b e tw e e n th e in d ic a te d d a te s . W h en th e t im e sp a n b e tw e e n s u r v e y s is o th e r th an 12 m o n th s , annual r a te s a r e s h o w n . (It is a s s u m e d that w a g e s in c r e a s e at a co n s ta n t ra te b e tw e e n s u r v e y s .) F o r a m o r e d e ta ile d d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e m e th o d u s e d to c o m p u te t h e s e w a g e t r e n d s , s e e "I m p r o v in g A r e a W a g e S u r v e y I n d e x e s , " M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , J a n u a ry 1 973, p p . 5 2 -5 7 . O c c u p a tio n s u s e d to c o m p u te w a g e t r e n d s a r e : O f f ic e c l e r i c a l O f fic e c l e r i c a l — C on tin u ed S e c r e t a r ie s S ten ograp h ers, g en era l S t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r T y p is t s , c l a s s e s A and B F il e c l e r k s , c l a s s e s A , B , and C M essengers S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s O rd er c le r k s , c l a s s e s A and B A c c o u n t in g c l e r k s , c l a s s e s A and B B o o k k e e p in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B P a y r o ll c le r k s K e y e n tr y o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s e s A and B E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s T a b u la tio n s on s e le c t e d e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d in th is b u lle tin . In fo r m a tio n f o r th e s e ta b u la tio n s is c o l l e c t e d at 3 - y e a r in t e r v a ls . T h ese ta b u la tio n s on m in im u m e n tr a n c e s a la r ie s f o r in e x p e r ie n c e d o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; sh ift d if f e r e n t ia ls ; s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s and d a y s ; p a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a t io n s ; and h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) in p r e v io u s b u lle tin s f o r th is a r e a . 14 Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Norfolk— Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N.C.,1 May 1978 In d u s try d iv is io n 2 M in im u m e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s c o p e o f stu d y W it h in s c o p e o f s tu d y 4 W ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y 3 N u m ber P ercen t 161 1 2 5 .5 7 9 100 8 1 .2 8 8 ~ 124 400 47 114 5 5 .4 8 2 7 0 .0 9 7 44 56 45.477 35.811 50 50 50 50 50 48 62 167 46 77 21 13 38 14 28 1 1 .7 6 6 5.230 3 4 .5 4 1 7 .449 1 1. 1 11 9 4 28 6 9 9 .1 1 1 1 .4 4 8 1 4 t 840 3 .7 3 6 6.676 50 1 T h e N o r f o l k —V i r g i n i a B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —H a m p to n S t a n d a rd M e tr o p o lita n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s , as d e f in e d b y th e O f f i c e o f M a n a g e m e n t a n d B u d g e t t h r o u g h F e b r u a r y 1 9 7 4 , c o n s i s t o f th e c i t i e s o f C h e s a p e a k e , H a m p t o n , N ew p ort N e w s , N o r f o l k , P o q u o s o n , P o r t s m o u t h , S u ff o lk , V i r g i n i a B e a c h , and W i l l i a m s b u r g , V a . ; a n d t h e c o u n t i e s o f G l o u c e s t e r , J a m e s C i t y , and Y o r k , V a . , a n d C u r r i t u c k , N .C . T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t i m a t e s sh o w n in t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e la b o r fo r c e in c l u d e d in t h e s u r v e y . E s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1 ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s e s t a b l is h m e n t d a ta c o m p i l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , a n d (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l is h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . 2 The 1972 e d i t io n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n . H o w e v e r, a ll g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . S tu d ie d S tu d ie d 524 _________ ALL D I V I S I O N S ----------------------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------------------------------TRA NS P OR TA TIO N, c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d OTHER P U B LI C U T I L I T I E S 5 -----------------------------------------------WHOLESALE T R A D E 6 -------------------------------------------------------------R E T A I L TRADE6 --------------------------------------------------------------------F I N A N C E . INSURANCE. AND REAL E S T A T E 6 --------------SERVICES6 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s 3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m in i m u m li m it a t io n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in in d u s t r i e s s u c h a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , a n d m o t io n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s o n e e s t a b l is h m e n t . 4 I n c l u d e s a ll w o r k e r s in a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t (w ith in th e a r e a ) at o r a b o v e th e m in i m u m li m i t a t i o n . 5 A b b r e v ia te d to " p u b lic u t ilit ie s " in t h e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s . T a x i c a b s and s e r v i c e s i n c id e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n a r e e x c l u d e d . 6 S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f d a t a i s n o t m a d e f o r t h is d i v i s i o n . 7 H o t e ls a n d m o t e l s ; la u n d r i e s a n d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r , r e n t a l, a n d p a r k in g ; m o t i o n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o f i t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s ( e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s a n d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; a n d e n g in e e r in g and a rch ite ctu r a l s e r v ic e s . 15 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r th e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f ie ld sta ff in c l a s s if y in g into a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w ho a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t i t le s and d if f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n ts f r o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s ta b lis h m e n t and f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is p e r m it s th e g ro u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t in g c o m p a r a b le jo b co n te n t. B ecau se o f th is e m p h a s is on in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ilit y o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n te n t, th e B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r ip t io n s m a y d if f e r s ig n ific a n t ly f r o m t h o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s , th e B u r e a u 's fie ld e c o n o m is t s a r e in s t r u c t e d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v is o r s ; a p p r e n t ic e s ; and p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , a n d p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s . H a n d ica p p e d w o r k e r s w h o s e e a r n in g s a r e r e d u c e d b e c a u s e o f th e ir h a n d ic a p a r e a ls o e x c lu d e d . L e a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , and t r a i n e e s , u n le s s s p e c i f i c a l l y in clu d e d in th e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n , a r e e x c lu d e d . Office SECRETARY S E C R E T A R Y— C on tin u e d A s s i g n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a lly to o n e in d iv id u a l. M a in ta in s a c l o s e and h ig h ly r e s p o n s iv e r e la t io n s h ip to the d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r . W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e t a ile d s u p e r v is io n a nd g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l d u tie s , u s u a lly in c lu d in g m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : M a y a ls o p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l ta s k s o f c o m p a r a b le n a tu r e and d if f ic u l t y . T h e w o r k t y p ic a lly r e q u ir e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f ic e rou tin e and u n d e r s ta n d in g o f th e o r g a n iz a t io n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la t e d to the w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r . E x c lu s io n s a . R e c e i v e s t e le p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , a nd in c o m in g m a il, a n s w e r s r o u tin e i n q u i r i e s , and r o u te s t e c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to the p r o p e r person s; b. c. in s t r u c t e d ; E s ta b lis h e s , m a in ta in s , and r e v i s e s the s u p e r v i s o r 's f i l e s ; M a in ta in s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's c a le n d a r and m a k e s a p p o in tm e n ts a s N ot a ll p o s it io n s that a r e title d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the a b o v e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . E x a m p le s o f p o s it io n s w h ich a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the d e fin itio n a re a s f o llo w s : a. d e s c r ib e d ab ove; b. d. R e la y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v is o r to s u b o r d in a t e s ; e . R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d a , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r 's s ig n a t u r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and t y p o g r a p h ic accu racy; f. P e r fo r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic and ty p in g w o r k . s io n a l, P o s it io n s w h ich do n ot m eet the " p e r s o n a l " secreta ry S t e n o g r a p h e r s n o t f u lly tr a in e d in s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u tie s ; c . S t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v in g a s o f f i c e a s s is t a n t s to a g ro u p o f p r o f e s t e c h n ic a l, o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ; d . S e c r e t a r y p o s it io n s in w h ic h the d u tie s a r e e it h e r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e r o u tin e o r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e c o m p le x and r e s p o n s ib le than th o s e c h a r a c t e r i z e d in the d e fin itio n ; con cept SE C R E T A R Y — Continued SE C R E T A R Y — Continued E x c l u s io n s — C o n tin u ed C la s s C e. A s s is t a n t - t y p e p o s it io n s w h ich in v o lv e m o r e d if f ic u lt o r m o r e 1. S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u t iv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n r e s p o n s ib le t e c h n ic a l, a d m in is t r a t iv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c ia liz e d c l e r i c a l s ib ilit y is not e q u iv a le n t to on e o f the s p e c i f i c l e v e l s itu a tio n s in the d e fin itio n d u tie s w h ich a r e n ot t y p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k . f o r c l a s s B , but w h o s e o r g a n iz a t io n a l u nit n o r m a lly n u m b e r s at le a s t s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p lo y e e s and is u s u a lly d iv id e d in to o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n ts w h ich a r e o ft e n , in tu rn , fu r th e r s u b d iv id e d . In s o m e c o m p a n ie s , th is l e v e l in c lu d e s a N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in the l e v e l d e fin itio n s w id e ra n g e o f o r g a n iz a tio n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly on e o r tw o ; cm fo llo w in g , r e f e r s to t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w ho h av e a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a t e w id e p o lic y m a k in g r o le w ith r e g a r d to m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v it ie s . T h e t it le " v ic e 2 . S e c r e t a r y to th e h ead o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . (o r p r e s id e n t , " th ou gh n o r m a lly in d ic a t iv e o f th is r o l e , d o e s n ot in a ll c a s e s o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f ic i a l ) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, fe w e r th an 5 ,0 0 0 id e n tify su ch p o s it io n s . V ic e p r e s id e n t s w h o s e p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y is to person s. a ct p e r s o n a lly on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r tr a n s a c t io n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r d en y in d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m in is t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y C la s s D s u p e r v is e a c l e r i c a l s ta ff) a r e n ot c o n s i d e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r 1. S e c r e t a r y to the s u p e r v is o r o r h e a d o f a s m a ll o r g a n iz a t io n a l unit p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g the fo llo w in g le v e l d e f in it io n s . ( e . g . , f e w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o £ C la s s A 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 2 . S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is tr a tiv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s is t a n t , s k ille d t e c h n ic ia n , o r e x p e r t . (N O T E : M any c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a th e r than s e c r e t a r i e s as d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , to th is le v e l o f s u p e r v is o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r .) STEN OGRAPH ER 2 . S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o th e r than th e c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d , im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w the c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r le v e l, o f a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s id ia r y o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . C la s s B P r im a r y duty is to ta k e d ic ta tio n u s in g s h o r th a n d , and to t r a n s c r ib e th e d ic ta tio n . M ay a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it te n c o p y . M ay o p e ra te fr o m a ste n o g r a p h ic p o o l. M ay o c c a s io n a l ly t r a n s c r i b e f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d in g s ( i f p r im a r y du ty is t r a n s c r ib in g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , s e e T r a n s c r ib in g - M a c h in e T y p is t ) . N O T E : T h is jo b is d is t in g u is h e d f r o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that a s e c r e t a r y n o r m a lly w o r k s in a c o n fid e n t ia l r e la t io n s h ip w ith o n ly on e m a n a g e r o r e x e c u tiv e and p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s ib le and d i s c r e t i o n a r y ta s k s as d e s c r i b e d in the s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin it io n . 1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r 2 . S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o th e r than th e c h a ir m a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d , im m e d ia t e ly b e lo w th e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r e it h e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a t io n w id e fu n c tio n a l a c t iv it y ( e . g . , m a r k e t in g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t io n s , in d u s t r ia l r e la t io n s , e t c .) o r a m a j o r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d iv is io n ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 b u t f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p l o y e e s ; o r 4 . S e c r e t a r y to th e h ead o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t le v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 p e r s o n s ; o r 5. S e c r e t a r y to th e h ead o f a la r g e and im p o r ta n t o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v is o r o f an o r g a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t o fte n in v o lv in g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d red p e r s o n s ) o r a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . S te n o g r a p h e r, G e n e r a l keep D icta tio n in v o lv e s a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u la r y . M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y ro u tin e c l e r i c a l t a s k s . S te n o g r a p h e r, S e n io r D icta tio n in v o lv e s a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l d r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch a s in le g a l b r ie f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o s e t up and m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c . OR P e r f o r m s s te n o g r a p h ic d u tie s r e q u ir in g s ig n ific a n t ly g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n c e and r e s p o n s ib ilit y than s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l, a s e v id e n c e d by th e fo llo w in g : W o rk r e q u ir e s a h igh d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and a c c u r a c y ; a th o r o u g h w o rk in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f th e s p e c if ic b u s in e s s o p e r a t io n s , o r g a n iz a t i o n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k f lo w , e tc . U ses th is k n o w le d g e in p e r f o r m in g s te n o g r a p h ic d u tie s and r e s p o n s ib le c l e r i c a l ta s k s su ch a s m a in ta in in g fo llo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b lin g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d a , a nd l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s in g s im p le le t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s ; re a d in g and r o u tin g in c o m in g m a i l ; and a n s w e r in g r o u tin e q u e s t io n s , e t c . T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T M E SS E N G E R P r i m a r y du ty is to ty p e c o p y o f v o ic e r e c o r d e d d ic ta tio n w h ich d o e s n ot in v o lv e v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch a s that u se d in le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it te n cop y. M a y m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o th e r r e la t iv e ly r o u tin e c l e r i c a l t a s k s . (S e e S te n o g r a p h e r d e fin itio n f o r w o r k e r s in v o lv e d w ith s h o rth a n d d ic ta tio n .) P e r f o r m s v a r io u s ro u tin e d u tie s s u ch a s ru nn ing e r r a n d s , o p e r a tin g m in o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u ch a s s e a le r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g and d is trib u tin g m a il , and o th e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s it io n s that r e q u ir e o p e r a tio n o f a m o t o r v e h ic le a s a s ig n ific a n t duty. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e u s e d w ith a p r iv a te b r a n c h e x ch a n g e (P B X ) s y s t e m to r e la y in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , and in tr a s y s te m c a lls . M a y p r o v id e in fo r m a t io n to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and tr a n s m it m e s s a g e s , k e e p r e c o r d o f c a lls p la c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s . B e s id e s o p e r a t in g a te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , m a y a ls o ty p e o r p e r f o r m ro u tin e c l e r i c a l w o rk (ty p in g o r ro u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y th e m a jo r p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's t i m e , and is u s u a lly p e r f o r m e d w h ile at th e s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e ). C h ie f o r le a d o p e r a t o r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than on e o p e r a t o r a re e x c lu d e d . F o r an o p e r a t o r w ho a ls o a c ts as a r e c e p t io n is t , s e e S w itch b o a rd O p era tor -R e c e p tio n is t. T Y P IS T U s e s a t y p e w r it e r to m a k e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls o r to m a k e ou t b i l l s a ft e r c a lc u la t io n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n oth er p e r s o n . M a y in c lu d e ty p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e r ia ls f o r u se in d u p lic a tin g p r o c esses. M a y d o c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c ia l t r a in in g , s u c h as k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r tin g and d is t r ib u t in g in c o m in g m a il . C la s s A . P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f the f o llo w in g ; T y p in g m a t e r ia l in f in a l f o r m w h en it in v o lv e s c o m b in in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r .r e c t s p e llin g , s y lla b ic a t io n , p u n ctu a tion , e t c ., o f t e c h n i c a l o r u n u su a l w o r d s o r f o r e i g n la n g u a ge m a t e r ia l; o r p la n n in g la y o u t and ty p in g o f c o m p lic a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b le s to m a in ta in u n ifo r m it y and b a la n c e in s p a c in g . M a y ty p e r o u tin e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y in g d e t a ils to su it c i r c u m s t a n c e s . S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T At a an o p e r a t o r — w o r k in v o lv e s b u s in e s s and p r ia t e p e r s o n a r r a n g in g an C la s s B . P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e o f the f o llo w in g : C o p y ty p in g f r o m r o u g h o r c l e a r d r a f t s ; o r ro u tin e ty pin g o f f o r m s , in s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ; o r s e ttin g u p s im p le s ta n d a r d ta b u la tio n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s a lr e a d y s e t u p and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y . ORDER CLERK R e c e iv e s w r it te n o r v e r b a l c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e f r o m c u s t o m e r s o r s a le s p e o p le . W o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s s o m e c o m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g d u tie s : Q u otin g p r i c e s ; d e te r m in in g a v a il a b ility o f o r d e r e d it e m s and s u g g e s tin g s u b s titu te s w h en n e c e s s a r y ; a d v isin g e x p e c t e d d e li v e r y da te and m e th o d o f d e li v e r y ; r e c o r d in g o r d e r and c u s t o m e r in fo r m a tio n on o r d e r s h e e t s ; c h e c k in g o r d e r s h e e t s f o r a c c u r a c y and a d e q u a c y o f in fo r m a tio n r e c o r d e d ; a s c e r t a in in g c r e d it ra tin g o f c u s t o m e r ; fu r n is h in g c u s t o m e r w ith a ck n o w le d g e m e n t o f r e c e ip t o f o r d e r ; fo llo w in g -u p to s e e that o r d e r is d e li v e r e d b y th e s p e c if ie d d a te o r to le t c u s t o m e r know o f a d e la y in d e li v e r y ; m a in ta in in g o r d e r f i l e ; c h e c k in g sh ip pin g in v o ic e a g a in st o r ig i n a l o r d e r . F IL E C L E R K F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , a nd r e t r ie v e s m a t e r ia l in an e s t a b lis h e d filin g s y s t e m . M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in f i l e s . P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to l e v e l s on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin it io n s . C la s s A . C l a s s i f i e s and in d e x e s f ile m a t e r ia l su ch a s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n ic a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in an e s t a b lis h e d f ilin g s y s t e m c o n ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r ie d s u b je c t m a t te r f i l e s . M a y a ls o f i l e th is m a te r ia l. M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in c o n ju n c tio n w ith the f i l e s . M a y le a d a s m a ll g r o u p o f lo w e r le v e l f ile c l e r k s . E x c lu d e w o r k e r s p a id on a c o m m is s io n b a s is o r w h o s e d u ties in clu d e any o f th e f o llo w in g : R e c e iv in g o r d e r s f o r s e r v i c e s r a th e r than fo r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e ; p r o v id in g c u s t o m e r s w ith co n s u lta tiv e a d v ice u sin g k n o w le d g e g a in e d f r o m e n g in e e r in g o r e x t e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l tr a in in g ; e m p h a s iz in g s e llin g s k ills ; h an d lin g m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e a s an in te g r a l p a rt o f th e jo b . C la s s B . S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c la s s ifie d m a t e r i a l b y s im p le ( s u b je c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t ly c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r ia l b y f in e r s u b h e a d in g s . P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s . A s r e q u e s t e d , l o c a t e s c l e a r l y id e n t ifie d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r ia l. M ay p e r fo r m r e la t e d c l e r i c a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s . P o s it io n s d e fin it io n s : C la s s C . P e r f o r m s r o u tin e filin g o f m a t e r ia l th at h a s a lr e a d y b e e n c l a s s i f i e d o r w h ic h is e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s im p le s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s y s t e m ( e . g . , a lp h a b e t ic a l, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l). A s req u ested , lo c a t e s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and fo r w a r d s m a t e r i a l s ; and m a y f i l l o u t w ith d r a w a l c h a r g e . M a y p e r f o r m s im p le c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s . s in g le - p o s it io n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , a c ts b oth as s e e S w itc h b o a r d O p e r a t o r — and as a r e c e p t io n is t . R e c e p tio n is t's s u ch d u tie s as g r e e t in g v i s i t o r s ; d e t e r m in in g n a tu re o f v is it o r 's p r o v id in g a p p r o p r ia t e in fo r m a tio n ; r e f e r r i n g v is it o r to a p p r o in th e o r g a n iz a t io n o r c o n ta c tin g that p e r s o n b y te le p h o n e and a p p o in tm e n t; k e e p in g a lo g o f v i s i t o r s . are c la s s ifie d in to le v e l s a c c o r d in g to the fo llo w in g C la s s A . H a n d les o r d e r s that in v o lv e m a k in g ju d g m e n ts su ch as c h o o s in g w h ich s p e c i f i c p r o d u c t o r m a t e r ia l f r o m th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's p r o d u c t lin e s w ill s a t is f y th e c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s , o r d e t e r m in in g th e p r ic e to be q u o te d w h en p r ic in g in v o lv e s m o r e than m e r e l y r e f e r r i n g to a p r ic e lis t o r m a k in g s o m e s im p le m a t h e m a tic a l c a lc u la t io n s . 19 O R D E R C L E R K — C on tin u ed B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d C la s s B . H a n d le s o r d e r s in v o lv in g it e m s w h ich h a v e r e a d ily id e n t ifie d u s e s and a p p lic a t io n s . M a y r e f e r to a c a t a lo g , m a n u f a c t u r e r 's m a n u a l, o r s im il a r d o c u m e n t to in s iir e that p r o p e r it e m is s u p p lie d o r to v e r i f y p r i c e o f o r d e r e d it e m . c o s t d is t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e t c . o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a tio n o f t r i a l b a la n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l th e a cco u n tin g d e p a rtm e n t. A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K M A C H IN E B IL L E R P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l ta s k s s u ch a s p o s t in g to r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; v e r if y in g th e in te r n a l c o n s is t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , and m a t h e m a tic a l a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; a s s ig n in g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n tin g d is t r ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r if y in g f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s t y p e s o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a lc u la t io n s , p o s t in g , e t c .; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s is t in g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p lic a t e d jo u r n a l vou ch ers. M a y w o r k in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u to m a te d a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m . P r e p a r e s s ta t e m e n ts , b i l l s , and in v o i c e s on a m a c h in e o th e r than an o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a t ic t y p e w r it e r . M a y a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s a s to b illin g s o r sh ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n ta l to b illin g o p e r a t io n s . F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , as f o llo w s : B illin g -m a c h in e b i l l e r . U s e s a s p e c i a l b illin g m a c h in e (c o m b in a t io n ty p in g arid adding m a ch in e ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and in v o ic e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in te r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , sh ip p in g m e m o r a n d a , e t c . U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a tio n o f p r e d e t e r m in e d d is c o u n t s and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s and e n try o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n ot b e c o m p u te d on th e b illin g m a c h in e , and t o t a ls w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la te d b y m a c h in e . T he o p e r a t io n u su a lly in v o lv e s a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p ie s o f th e b i l l b ein g p r e p a r e d and is o fte n d o n e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e . T h e w o r k r e q u ir e s a k n o w le d g e o f c l e r i c a l m e t h o d s and o f f i c e p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h r e la t e s to th e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e c o r d in g o f t r a n s a c t io n s and a c c o u n t in g in fo r m a t io n . W ith e x p e r ie n c e , th e w o r k e r t y p ic a lly b e c o m e s f a m ilia r w ith th e b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in th e a s s ig n e d w o r k , but is n ot r e q u ir e d to h av e a k n o w le d g e o f th e f o r m a l p r i n c i p l e s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g . P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d d e fin it io n s : in to l e v e l s on th e b a s is o f th e B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e b i l l e r . U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r w ith ou t a ty p e w r it e r k e y b o a rd ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s a s p a r t o f th e a c c o u n t s r e c e iv a b le o p e r a t io n . G e n e r a l ly in v o lv e s th e s im u lta n e o u s e n tr y o f f ig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s f ig u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t ic a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s and u s u a lly p r in t s a u t o m a t ic a lly the d eb it o r c r e d it b a la n c e s . D o e s n ot in v o lv e a k n o w le d g e o f b o o k k e e p in g . W o r k s f r o m u n ifo r m and s ta n d a rd ty p e s o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s . fo llo w in g C la s s A . U n d er g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n , p e r f o r m s a c c o u n tin g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n ! w h ic h r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m e n t, f o r e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p lic a t e d or n o n r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n t in g t r a n s a c t io n s , s e le c t in g a m o n g a s u b s ta n tia l v a r ie t y o f p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c in g t r a n s a c t io n s th r o u g h p r e v io u s a c c o u n t in g a c tio n s to d e t e r m in e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s . M ay be a s siste d by on e or m o r e c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s . P A Y R O L L CLERK P e r f o r m s th e c l e r i c a l ta s k s n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o l l s and to m a in ta in p a y r o ll r e c o r d s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s ' tim e o r p r o d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; a d ju s tin g w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s f o r ch a n g e s in w a g e r a t e s , s u p p le m e n ta ry b e n e f it s , o r ta x d e d u c t io n s ; e d itin g p a y r o ll lis t in g s a g a in st s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; t r a c in g and c o r r e c t i n g e r r o r s in lis t i n g s ; and a s s is t in g in p r e p a r a tio n o f p e r i o d i c s u m m a r y p a y r o l l r e p o r t s . In a n o n a u to m a te d p a y r o ll s y s t e m , c o m p u te s w a g e s . W o r k m a y r e q u ir e a p r a c t i c a l k n o w le d g e o f g o v e r n m e n t a l r e g u la t io n s , c o m p a n y p a y r o l l p o l i c y , o r th e c o m p u t e r s y s te m f o r p r o c e s s in g p a y r o l l s . C la s s B . U n d er c l o s e s u p e r v is io n , fo llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s and s ta n d a r d iz e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g c l e r ic a l o p e r a t io n s , s u ch a s p o s t in g to l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e id e n t ific a t io n o f it e m s and lo c a t io n s o f p o s t in g s a r e c l e a r l y in d ic a te d ; c h e c k in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p le t e n e s s o f s ta n d a r d iz e d and r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s o r a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; and c o d in g d o c u m e n t s u s in g a fe w p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n tin g c o d e s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r w ith ou t a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a rd ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s . KEY EN TRY O P E R A T O R O p e r a te s a k eyp u n ch m a c h in e to r e c o r d o r v e r i f y a lp h a b e tic a n d /o r n u m e r ic data on ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r o n ta p e . C la s s A . K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s , and f a m ilia r it y w ith th e s t r u c t u r e o f th e p a r t ic u la r a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m u s e d . D e t e r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is t r ib u t io n o f d e b it and c r e d it it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l id a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , and o t h e r r e c o r d s b y hand. P o s it io n s d e fin it io n s . a re c la s s ifie d in to l e v e l s on th e b a s is o f th e fo llo w in g C la s s A . W o r k r e q u ir e s th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m e n t in s e le c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to b e f o llo w e d and in s e a r c h in g f o r , in t e r p r e t in g , s e le c t in g , o r c o d in g it e m s to b e k e y p u n ch e d f r o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts . On o c c a s io n m a y a ls o p e r f o r m s o m e r o u tin e k e y p u n ch w o r k . M ay t r a in in e x p e r ie n c e d k ey p u n ch o p e r a t o r s . C la s s B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a set o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (not in c lu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r m a c h in e b i l l e r ) , M ay ch eck sh eets fo r 20 K E Y E N T R Y O P E R A T O R — C on tin u ed C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS— C o n tin u ed C la s s B . W o r k is r o u tin e and r e p e t it iv e . U n der c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r fo llo w in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c t io n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r io u s s t a n d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s w h ic h h a v e b een c o d e d , and fo llo w s s p e c if ie d p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e ta il and r e q u ir e lit t le o r no s e l e c t i n g , c o d in g , o r in t e r p r e t in g o f data to b e r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v i s o r p r o b le m s a r is in g f r o m e r r o n e o u s it e m s o r c o d e s o r m is s in g in fo r m a t io n . ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d o c u m e n ts to b e u s e d ; o u tlin e s a c tio n s to be p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u t e r s in s u ffic ie n t d e t a il f o r p r e s e n ta t io n to m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m in g ( t y p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a tio n o f w o r k and data f lo w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d in a t e s th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f te s t p r o b le m s and p a r t ic ip a t e s in t r i a l ru n s o f n e w and r e v is e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s eq u ip m en t c h a n g e s to o b ta in m o r e e f fe c t iv e o v e r a l l o p e r a t io n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m in g b oth s y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g sh ou ld be c l a s s i f i e d a s s y s t e m s a n a ly s ts i f th is is th e s k ill u se d to d e t e r m in e t h e ir p a y .) T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s o n e o r a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s s u ch as th e t a b u la t o r , c a l c u l a t o r , c o l l a t o r , i n t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n ch , e t c . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is d e fin it io n a r e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s . A ls o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f e l e c t r o n i c d ig it a l c o m p u t e r s , ev e n th ou gh th e y m a y a ls o o p e r a t e e l e c t r i c a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e e q u ip m e n t. D o e s n ot in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e m a n a g e m en t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s i n g e m p lo y e e s , o r s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n t if ic o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s . P o s it io n s a r e d e fin itio n s . C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s in v o lv in g a ll p h a s e s o f s y s t e m s a n a ly s is . P r o b le m s a re c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u lt ip le - u s e r e q u i r e m e n ts o f output d a ta . ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s an in te g r a t e d p r o d u c tio n s c h e d u lin g , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a ly s is , and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ich e v e r y it e m o f e a ch ty p e is a u t o m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th ro u g h th e fu ll s y s te m o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r ia t e fo llo w u p a c tio n s a r e in itia te d b y the c o m p u te r .) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m in e th e data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p lic a t io n s o f n ew o r r e v is e d s y s t e m s o f data p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t io n s , if n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s in s t a lla tio n s o r ch a n g e s and f o r ob ta in in g e q u ip m e n t. c l a s s i f i e d in to l e v e ls on the b a s is o f th e F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , s y s t e m s a n a ly s ts a r e c l a s s i f i e d as fo llo w s : fo llo w in g C la s s A . P e r f o r m s c o m p le t e r e p o r t in g and ta b u la tin g a s s ig n m e n t s in c lu d in g d e v is in g d if f ic u l t c o n t r o l p a n e l w ir in g u n d er g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n . A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s w h ich o fte n a r e i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r in g , r e q u ir in g s o m e p la n n in g o f th e n a tu re and s e q u e n c in g o f o p e r a t i o n s , and th e u s e o f a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s . Is t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e d in tr a in in g n e w o p e r a t o r s in m a ch in e o p e r a t io n s o r tr a in in g lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and in the o p e r a t in g s e q u e n c e s o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s . D o e s n ot in clu d e p o s it io n s in w h ich w ir in g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is l im it e d to s e le c t io n and in s e r t io n o f p r e w i r e d b o a r d s . M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l w ho a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s i s t . C la s s B . P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and u n d e r s p e c i f i c in s t r u c t io n s . A s s ig n m e n t s t y p ic a lly in v o lv e c o m p le t e but r o u tin e and r e c u r r i n g r e p o r t s o r p a r t s o f la r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t s . O p e r a t e s m o r e d if f ic u lt ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a cco u n tin g m a c h in e s s u ch as th e ta b u la t o r and c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d ition to th e s im p le r m a c h in e s u s e d by c la s s C o p e r a t o r s . M a y b e r e q u ir e d to do s o m e w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s . M a y t r a in n e w e m p lo y e e s in b a s i c m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s . d ir e c t io n to lo w e r l e v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly sts C la s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on p r o b le m s that a r e r e la t iv e ly u n c o m p lic a t e d to a n a ly z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , and op erate. P r o b le m s a r e o f lim it e d c o m p le x it y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f input data a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and th e ou tput data a r e c l o s e l y r e la t e d . ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s it o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k , m a in ta in in g a c c o u n t s r e c e iv a b le in a r e t a il e s ta b lis h m e n t, o r m a in ta in in g in v e n to ry a c c o u n t s in a m a n u fa c tu r in g o r w h o le s a le e s ta b lis h m e n t.) C o n fe r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m in e th e data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p lic a t io n s o f th e da ta p r o c e s s in g s y s te m s to b e a p p lie d . C la s s C . U n d er s p e c i f i c in s t r u c t io n s , o p e r a t e s s im p le ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e s su ch as the s o r t e r , i n t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n c h , c o l l a t o r , e t c . A s s ig n m e n t s t y p ic a lly in v o lv e p o r t io n s o f a w o r k u n it , f o r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o r tin g o r c o lla t in g r u n s , o r r e p e t it iv e o p e r a t io n s . M ay p e r fo r m s im p le w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s , and do s o m e f ilin g w o r k . OR C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS W o r k s on a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p le x data p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e or s y s t e m , as d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly on ro u tin e a s s ig n m e n ts and r e c e i v e s in s t r u c tio n and g u id a n ce on c o m p le x a s s ig n m e n t s . W o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju d g m e n t, c o m p lia n c e w ith in s t r u c t io n s , and to in su re p r o p e r a lig n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a l l s y s t e m . A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s to fo r m u la te p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g t h e m b y u s e o f e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f a ll s p e c i f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d to en a b le p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig it a l c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : A n a ly z e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s to b e a u to m a te d and id e n t ifie s c o n d it io n s and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t is f a c t o r y r e s u lt s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and C la s s C . W o r k s u n d e r im m e d ia t e s u p e r v is io n , c a r r y in g out a n a ly s e s a s a s s ig n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c t iv it y . A s s ig n m e n t s a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and exp a n d p r a c t i c a l e x p e r ie n c e in th e a p p lic a tio n o f p r o c e d u r e s and s k ills r e q u ir e d f o r s y s t e m s a n a ly s is w o r k . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a h ig h e r le v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r in g th e d e t a ile d s p e c if ic a t io n s r e q u ir e d by p r o g r a m m e r s f r o m in fo r m a t io n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r le v e l a n a ly s t. Professional and Technical 21 C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U SIN E SS— C o n tin u e d C o n v e r t s s ta te m e n ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p ic a lly p r e p a r e d b y a s y s t e m s a n a ly s t , in to a s e q u e n c e o f d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h a r e r e q u ir e d to s o lv e th e p r o b le m s b y a u to m a tic data p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t. W o r k in g f r o m c h a r ts o r d ia g r a m s , th e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s th e p r e c i s e in s t r u c t io n s w h ic h , w hen e n te r e d in to th e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d la n g u a g e , c a u s e th e m a n ip u la tio n o f d a ta t o a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a b ilit ie s , m a t h e m a t ic s , l o g i c e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t ic u la r s u b je c t m a t t e r in v o lv e d to a n a ly z e c h a r t s and d ia g r a m s o f th e p r o b le m to b e p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e o f p r o g r a m s t e p s ; w r it e s d e t a ile d flo w c h a r t s to s h ow o r d e r in w h ic h da ta w ill be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s t h e s e c h a r t s to c o d e d in s t r u c t io n s f o r m a c h in e to f o llo w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in s t r u c t io n s f o r o p e r a t in g p e r s o n n e l d u rin g p r o d u c t io n ru n ; a n a ly z e s , r e v i e w s , and a lt e r s p r o g r a m s to i n c r e a s e o p e r a t in g e f f i c i e n c y o r adapt to n ew r e q u ir e m e n t s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e v e lo p m e n t and r e v i s i o n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m in g b oth s y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s a n a ly s ts if th is is th e s k ill u s e d to d e t e r m in e t h e ir p a y .) input data w h ich a r e r e a d ily a v a ila b le . W h ile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y be p r o c e s s e d , the data h a v e b e e n r e f in e d in p r i o r a c t io n s s o that th e a c c u r a c y and s e q u e n c in g o f data can b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a fe w ro u tin e c h e c k s . T y p ic a lly , th e p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith r o u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a t io n s . OR W o r k s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A) u n d e r c l o s e d ir e c t io n o f a h ig h e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v i s o r . M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d if f ic u lt ta s k s a s s i g n e d , and p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt ta s k s u n d e r f a i r l y c l o s e d ir e c t io n . M a y gu id e o r in s tr u c t lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s . C la s s C . M a k es p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a t io n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t i c e s and c o n c e p t s u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tr a in in g c o u r s e s . A s s ig n m e n t s a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p c o m p e t e n c e in th e a p p lic a tio n o f s ta n d a rd p r o c e d u r e s to r o u tin e p r o b le m s . R e c e iv e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on n ew a s p e c t s o f a s s ig n m e n t s ; and w o r k is r e v ie w e d to v e r i f y its a c c u r a c y an d c o n fo r m a n c e w ith r e q u ir e d procedu res. D o e s n ot in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e m a n a g e m en t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o th e r e le c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c ie n t if ic a n d /o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s . F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s , COM PUTER OPERATOR p r o g r a m m e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a s f o llo w s M o n ito r s and o p e r a t e s th e c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d ig it a l c o m p u t e r to p r o c e s s da ta a c c o r d in g to o p e r a t in g i n s t r u c t io n s , u s u a lly p r e p a r e d b y a p r o gram m er. W o r k in c lu d e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : S tu d ie s in s t r u c t io n s to d e t e r m in e eq u ip m en t setu p and o p e r a t io n s ; lo a d s e q u ip m e n t w ith r e q u ir e d it e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c .) ; s w it c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y e q u ip m e n t into c i r c u i t , and s ta rts and o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s tm e n t s to c o m p u t e r to c o r r e c t o p e r a tin g p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c ia l c o n d it io n s ; r e v ie w s e r r o r s m a d e d u rin g o p e r a t io n and d e t e r m in e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b l e m to s u p e r v is o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m a in ta in s o p e r a t in g r e c o r d s . M a y t e s t and a s s i s t in c o r r e c tin g p r o g ra m . C la s s A . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s w h ich r e q u ir e c o m p e t e n c e in a ll p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m in g c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s . W o r k in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and c h a r t s w h ic h id e n tify th e n a tu re o f d e s ir e d r e s u l t s , m a jo r p r o c e s s i n g s te p s to b e a c c o m p lis h e d , and th e r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s s te p s o f th e p r o b l e m s o lv in g r o u tin e ; p la n s th e fu ll r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g a c t io n s n e e d e d to e f fic i e n t ly u t iliz e th e c o m p u te r s y s t e m in a c h ie v in g d e s i r e d end p r o d u c t s . A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g is d if f ic u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m en t m u st b e o r g a n iz e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in t e r r e la t e d but d i v e r s e p r o d u c t s f r o m n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e data e le m e n t s . A w id e v a r ie t y and e x t e n s iv e n u m b e r o f in te r n a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t io n s m u s t o c c u r . T h is r e q u ir e s su ch a c t io n s as d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w h ich ca n b e r e u s e d , e s ta b lis h m e n t o f lin k a g e p o in ts b e tw e e n o p e r a t io n s , a d ju s tm e n ts to da ta w h en p r o g r a m r e q u i r e m e n ts e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c it y , and s u b s ta n tia l m a n ip u la tio n and r e s e q u e n c in g o f data e le m e n t s to f o r m a h ig h ly in te g r a t e d p r o g r a m . M a y p r o v id e fu n c tio n a l a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s i s t . For pu rposes, co m p u te r o p era tors are c la s s ifie d as C la s s A . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r running p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : N ew p r o g r a m s a r e fr e q u e n tly t e s t e d and in t r o d u c e d ; s c h e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n t s a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e to m i n im iz e d o w n tim e ; th e p r o g r a m s a r e o f c o m p le x d e s ig n so that id e n tific a t io n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o fte n r e q u ir e s a w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f the to t a l p r o g r a m , and a lt e r n a t e p r o g r a m s m a y n ot b e a v a ila b le . M a y g iv e d ir e c t io n and g u id a n ce to lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s . d ir e c t io n to lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w ho C la s s B . O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n , a c o m p u t e r running p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t o f th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b lis h e d p r o d u c t io n r u n s , t y p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a s is ; t h e r e is lit t le o r no t e s t in g o f n e w p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d ; a lte r n a te p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v id e d in c a s e o r i g i n a l p r o g r a m n e e d s m a jo r ch a n g e o r ca n n ot b e c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b ly s h o r t t i m e . In C la s s B . W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n ts o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n ts ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s in fo r m a tio n to p r o d u c e d a ta in tw o o r t h r e e v a r ie d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s . R e p o r t s and lis t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d by r e fin in g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y in g , o r m a k in g m in o r a d d itio n s to o r d e le t io n s f r o m w a g e stu dy f o llo w s : 22 C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R — C on tin u ed D R A F T E R -T R A C E R c o m m o n e r r o r s it u a t io n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e and ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c tio n . T h is u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s t e p s , o r u sin g s ta n d a r d c o r r e c t i o n te c h n iq u e s . C o p ie s c lo th o r p a p e r in c lu d e t r a c in g la r g e s c a le not p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o th e r s by p la c in g t r a c in g o v e r d r a w in g s and t r a c in g w ith p en o r p e n c il. (D o e s not lim it e d to p la n s p r i m a r i l y c o n s is t in g o f s tra ig h t lin e s and a r e q u ir in g c l o s e d e lin e a tio n .) OR O p e r a t e s u n d e r d i r e c t s u p e r v is io n a c o m p u te r ru nn ing p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n t s o f p r o g r a m s w ith th e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A . M ay a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r b y in d ep en d en tly p e r fo r m in g l e s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s i g n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g d if f ic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s and w ith fr e q u e n t r e v ie w o f o p e r a t io n s p e r fo r m e d . C la s s C . W o r k s on r o u tin e p r o g r a m s u n d er c l o s e s u p e r v is io n . Is e x p e c t e d to d e v e lo p w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e c o m p u te r eq u ip m en t u s e d and a b ilit y to d e t e c t p r o b le m s in v o lv e d in running rou tin e p r o g r a m s . U s u a lly has r e c e i v e d s o m e f o r m a l t r a in in g in c o m p u te r o p e r a t io n . M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . DRAFTER C la s s A . P la n s th e g r a p h ic p r e s e n ta t io n o f c o m p le x it e m s h avin g d is t in c t iv e d e s ig n f e a t u r e s th at d if f e r s ig n ific a n tly f r o m e s ta b lis h e d d r a ftin g p r e ce d e n ts. W o r k s in c l o s e su p p o rt w ith th e d e s ig n o r ig i n a t o r , and m a y r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s . A n a ly z e s th e e ffe c t o f e a c h ch a n g e on the d e t a ils o f f o r m , fu n c t io n , and p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s o f c o m p o n e n t s and p a r t s . W o r k s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v is o r y a s s is t a n c e . C o m p le te d w o r k is r e v ie w e d b y d e s ig n o r ig i n a t o r f o r c o n s is t e n c y w ith p r i o r e n g in e e r in g d e t e r m in a t io n s . M a y e it h e r p r e p a r e d r a w in g s o r d ir e c t th e ir p r e p a r a t io n b y lo w e r le v e l d r a fte r s . C la s s B . P e r f o r m s n o n ro u tin e and c o m p le x d r a ftin g a s s ig n m e n t s th at r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a t io n o f m o s t o f th e s ta n d a rd iz e d d r a w in g te c h n iq u e s r e g u la r ly u s e d . D u tie s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e su ch w o r k a s : P r e p a r e s w o r k in g d r a w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b lie s w ith ir r e g u la r s h a p e s , m u ltip le f u n c t io n s , and p r e c i s e p o s it io n a l r e la t io n s h ip s b etw een co m p o n e n t s ; p r e p a r e s a r c h it e c t u r a l d r a w in g s f o r c o n s t r u c t io n o f a b u ild in g in clu d in g d e ta il d r a w in g s o f f o u n d a t io n s , w a ll s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p la n s , and r o o f . U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u la s and m a n u a ls in m a k in g n e c e s s a r y co m p u ta tio n s to d e t e r m in e q u a n titie s o f m a t e r ia ls to b e u s e d , lo a d c a p a c i t i e s , s tr e n g t h s , s t r e s s e s , e t c . R e c e iv e s in it ia l i n s t r u c t io n s , r e q u ir e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v is o r . C o m p le t e d w o r k is c h e c k e d f o r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y . C la s s C . P r e p a r e s d e t a il d r a w in g s o f sin g le u n its o r p a r t s f o r e n g in e e r in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , m a n u fa c tu r in g , o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s . Types of d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t io n s (d e p ic tin g t h r e e d im e n s io n s in a c c u r a t e s c a le ) and s e c t i o n a l v ie w s to c l a r i f y p o s it io n in g o f c o m p o n e n t s and c o n v e y n e e d e d in fo r m a t io n . C o n s o lid a te s d e ta ils f r o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s and a d ju s ts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ir e d . S u g g e s te d m e th o d s o f a p p r o a c h , a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v ic e on s o u r c e m a t e r ia ls a r e g iv e n w ith in it ia l a s s i g n m e n t s . I n s t r u c tio n s a r e l e s s c o m p le t e w h en a s s ig n m e n t s recu r. W o r k m a y b e s p o t - c h e c k e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s . A N D /O R P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e t it iv e d r a w in g s o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d it e m s . W o r k is c l o s e l y s u p e r v is e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s . E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N W o r k s on v a r io u s ty p e s o f e le c t r o n ic e q u ip m en t and r e la t e d d e v ic e s b y p e r fo r m in g on e o r a c o m b in a tio n o f th e fo llo w in g : In s ta llin g , m a in ta in in g , r e p a ir in g , o v e r h a u lin g , t r o u b le s h o o t in g , m o d ify in g , c o n s t r u c t in g , and te s t in g . W o r k r e q u ir e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a tio n o f t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e o f e le c t r o n ic s p r i n c i p l e s , a b ilit y to d e t e r m in e m a lfu n c t io n s , and s k ill to put eq u ip m en t in r e q u ir e d o p e r a t in g c o n d it io n . T h e eq u ip m en t— c o n s is t in g o f e ith e r m a n y d iffe r e n t kinds o f c ir c u it s o r m u lt ip le r e p e tit io n o f th e s a m e k in d o f c ir c u it — in c lu d e s , but is not lim ite d t o , th e fo llo w in g : (a) E le c t r o n i c t r a n s m it tin g and r e c e iv in g eq u ip m en t ( e . g . , r a d a r , r a d io , t e l e v i s i o n , te le p h o n e , s o n a r , n a v ig a tio n a l a i d s ) , (b) d ig ita l and a n a lo g c o m p u t e r s , and (c ) in d u s t r ia l and m e d ic a l m e a s u r in g and c o n tr o llin g e q u ip m e n t. T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c lu d e s r e p a i r e r s o f su ch sta n d a rd e le c t r o n ic eq u ip m en t a s c o m m o n o f f i c e m a c h in e s and h o u s e h o ld r a d io and t e l e v is io n s e t s ; p r o d u c t io n a s s e m b l e r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y duty is s e r v ic in g e le c t r o n i c t e s t in s t r u m e n ts ; t e c h n ic ia n s w ho h av e a d m in is t r a tiv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ilit y ; and d r a f t e r s , d e s i g n e r s , and p r o f e s s io n a l e n g in e e r s . P o s it io n s d e fin it io n s . are c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on th e b a s is o f the fo llo w in g C la s s A . A p p lie s a d v a n ce t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e u n u su a lly c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , t h o s e that t y p ic a lly ca n n o t b e s o lv e d s o le ly by r e f e r e n c e to m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s im il a r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o rk in g on e l e c t r o n ic e q u ip m e n t. E x a m p le s o f su ch p r o b le m s in clu d e lo c a t io n and d e n s ity o f c i r c u i t r y , e le c t r o m a g n e t ic r a d ia t io n , is o la t in g m a lfu n c t io n s , and fre q u e n t e n g in e e r in g c h a n g e s . W o r k in v o lv e s ; A d e t a ile d u n d e r sta n d in g o f the i n t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g in d ep en d en t ju d g m e n t in p e r fo r m in g su ch ta s k s as m a k in g c ir c u i t a n a ly s e s , c a lc u la tin g w a v e f o r m s , tr a c in g r e l a t i o n sh ip s in s ig n a l flo w ; and r e g u la r ly u s in g c o m p le x t e s t in str u m e n ts ( e . g . , dual t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia tio n m e t e r s , p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ) . W o r k m a y b e r e v ie w e d by s u p e r v is o r (fr e q u e n t ly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s . M ay p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e to lo w e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s . C la s s B . A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , t h o s e that t y p ic a lly ca n b e s o lv e d s o le ly b y p r o p e r ly in te r p r e tin g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s im il a r d o c u m e n ts ) in w o rk in g on E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C on tin u ed M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t. W o r k in v o lv e s : A f a m ilia r it y w ith th e in t e r r e l a t i o n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; and ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m in in g w o r k s e q u e n c e and in s e le c t in g t o o l s and t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p le x th an t h o s e u s e d b y th e c l a s s A t e c h n ic ia n . P e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c tio n s s u c h a s th e in s t a l la t io n , m a in te n a n ce , o r r e p a ir o f e q u ip m e n t f o r th e g e n e r a t io n , d is t r ib u t io n , o r u t iliz a t io n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : In sta llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m en t s u ch as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h eatin g u n its , co n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o th e r t r a n s m is s io n eq u ip m e n t; w o rk in g f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , la y o u t s , o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t io n s ; lo c a tin g and d ia g n o s in g t r o u b le in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t; w o r k in g s ta n d a rd co m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m en t; and u s in g a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d to o ls and m e a s u r in g and te s t in g in s t r u m e n ts . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . R e c e i v e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n , and w o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p lia n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s ig n m e n t s . M a y p r o v id e t e c h n ic a l g u id a n ce to lo w e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s . C la s s C . A p p lie s w o r k in g t e c h n ic a l k n o w le d g e to p e r f o r m s im p le o r ro u tin e ta s k s in w o r k in g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t, fo llo w in g d e t a ile d i n s t r u c tio n s w h ic h c o v e r v ir t u a lly a ll p r o c e d u r e s . W o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s s u ch ta s k s a s : A s s is t in g h ig h e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s b y p e r f o r m in g s u ch a c t i v it ie s as r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir in g c i r c u i t s , and ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t; and u s in g t o o l s and c o m m o n t e s t in s t r u m e n ts ( e . g . , m u lt im e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is n ot r e q u ir e d to b e f a m ilia r w ith th e in t e r r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s . T h is k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a s s ig n m e n t s d e s ig n e d to in c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e (in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m tr a in in g ) s o that w o r k e r ca n a d v a n ce to h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n . R e c e i v e s t e c h n ic a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n . W o r k is t y p ic a lly sp ot c h e c k e d , but is g iv e n d e t a ile d r e v ie w w hen n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s ig n m e n t s a r e in v o lv e d . R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L N U RSE S A r e g is t e r e d n u r s e w ho g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c t io n to ill o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o t h e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r s u ffe r an a c c id e n t on th e p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n t. D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o llo w in g : G iv in g f i r s t a id to thq il l o r in ju r e d ; a tten d in g to s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s in g o f e m p l o y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s o f p a tie n ts t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r o th e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t in g in p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s and h e a lth e v a lu a tio n s o f a p p lic a n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and p la n n in g and c a r r y i n g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g h ea lth e d u c a tio n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t io n , e v a lu a tio n o f pla n t e n v ir o n m e n t , o r o th e r a c t i v it ie s a ffe c t in g th e h e a lth , w e l f a r e , and s a fe t y o f a ll p e r s o n n e l. N u rs in g s u p e r v is o r s o r h ea d n u r s e s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than on e n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d . Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R P a in ts and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and f ix t u r e s o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t. W o rk in v o lv e s th e f o llo w in g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u lia r it ie s and ty p e s o f pain t r e q u ir e d f o r d if f e r e n t a p p lic a t io n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r f a c e f o r p a in tin g b y re m o v in g o ld fin is h o r b y p la c in g p u tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s and i n t e r s t i c e s ; and a p p ly in g pain t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h . M ay m ix c o lo r s , o i l s , w h ite le a d , and o th e r pain t in g r e d ie n t s to o b ta in p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n siste n c y . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p a in te r r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r eq u iv a len t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E M A C H IN IST P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s and n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a ir s o f m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n ic a l eq u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : I n te r p r e tin g w r it t e n in s t r u c t io n s and s p e c i- f ic a t io n s ; pla n n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t 's h a n d to o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t in g s ta n d a rd m a ch in e t o o l s ; sh a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd sh op c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o l in g , f e e d s , and s p e e d s o f m a ch in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f th e c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e le c t in g sta n d a rd m a t e r ia ls , p a r t s , and e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r th is w o r k ; and fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l, th e m a c h in is t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a r o u n d e d tr a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a c h in e r y ) P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a ir b u ild in g w o o d w o r k a n d eq u ip m en t su ch as b in s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t it i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l in s t r u c t io n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b le p o w e r t o o l s , and s ta n d a rd m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n ts ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k ; and s e le c t in g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l eq u ip m en t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n t lin g m a c h in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s th at m a in ly in v o lv e th e u s e o f h a n d to o ls in s c r a p in g and fittin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s w ith it e m s o b ta in e d f r o m s to c k ; o r d e r in g th e p r o d u c t io n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h in e sh op o r sen d in g th e m a c h in e t o a m a c h in e sh o p f o r m a jo r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r in g w ritte n s p e c if ic a t io n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a ch in e s h o p s ; r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts f o r o p e r a t io n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a c h in e r y )— C on tin u ed M IL L W R IG H T — C on tin u ed a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r eq u iv a len t t r a in in g and e x p e r i en ce. E x c lu d e d f r o m t h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u tie s in v o lv e s e ttin g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s . w o r k ; in te r p r e tin g b lu e p r in ts o r o th e r s p e c if ic a t io n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f h an d t o o l s and r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd sh o p c o m p u ta tio n s re la tin g to s t r e s s e s , s tre n g th o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g and b a la n cin g e q u ip m e n t; s e le c t in g s ta n d a rd t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t, and p a r t s to b e u s e d ; and in sta llin g and m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m is s io n e q u ip m e n t su ch a s d r iv e s and s p e e d r e d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, th e m i llw r ig h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a ro u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in th e t r a d e a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC ( M o t o r V e h ic le s ) R e p a ir s a u t o m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f am e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : E x a m in in g a u t o m o t iv e e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g eq u ip m en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a i r s that in v o lv e th e u s e o f s u ch h a n d to o ls as w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t iv e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g rin d in g and a d ju s tin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in s t a llin g th e v a r io u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h ic le and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s ; and a lig n in g w h e e l s , a d ju s tin g b r a k e s and lig h t s , o r tig h te n in g b o d y b o lt s . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m o t o r v e h ic le m a in te n a n ce m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not in clu d e t o m e r s ' v e h i c l e s in a u t o m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s . m e c h a n ic s w ho r e p a ir M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R A s s i s t s on e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in th e s k ille d m a in te n a n ce t r a d e s , by p e r fo r m in g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u tie s o f l e s s e r s k ill, su ch as k e ep in g a w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e , and eq u ip m e n t; a s s i s t in g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls o r t o o l s ; and p e r f o r m in g o th e r u n s k ille d ta s k s a s d ir e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n . T he kind o f w o rk th e h e lp e r is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m v a r ie s f r o m t r a d e to t r a d e : In s o m e t r a d e s th e h e lp e r is c o n fin e d to s u p p ly in g , lift in g , and h o ld in g m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s , and c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s he is p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m s p e c ia liz e d m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e that a r e a ls o p e r fo r m e d b y w o r k e r s on a f u l l - t i m e b a s is . cu s M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T O O L R O O M ) I n s t a lls o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s te a m , g a s , o r o th e r ty p e s o f p ip e and p ip e fit t in g s in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : L a y in g ou t w o r k and m e a s u r in g to lo c a t e p o s it io n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w in g s o r o th e r w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; cu ttin g v a r io u s s iz e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t le n g th s w ith c h i s e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e -c u t tin g m a c h in e s ; th re a d in g p ip e w ith s t o c k s and d i e s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d -d r iv e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s te n in g p ip e t o h a n g e r s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u ta tio n s r e la tin g to p r e s s u r e s , f lo w , and s iz e o f p ip e r e q u ir e d ; and m a k in g s ta n d a r d t e s t s to d e t e r m in e w h e th e r f in is h e d p ip e s m e e t s p e c ific a t io n s . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n ce p ip e fit t e r r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . W o rk e r s p r im a r ily e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g and r e p a ir in g b u ild in g sa n ita tion o r h ea tin g s y s t e m s a r e e x c lu d e d . S p e c ia liz e s in o p e r a t in g , o n e o r m o r e than o n e ty p e o f m a ch in e t o o l ( e . g . , ji g b o r e r , g rin d in g m a c h in e , en g in e la th e , m illin g m a ch in e ) to m a c h in e m e t a l f o r u s e in m a k in g o r m a in ta in in g j i g s , f ix t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d ie s o r m o ld s u s e d in sh a p in g o r fo r m in g m e ta l o r n o n m e ta llic m a t e r ia l ( e . g . , p l a s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ) . W o r k t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s : P la n n in g and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a ch in in g o p e r a t io n s w h ich .r e q u ir e c o m p lic a t e d s e tu p s o r a h igh d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; se ttin g up m a ch in e t o o l o r t o o l s ( e . g . , in s t a ll cu ttin g t o o l s and a d ju s t g u id e s , s to p s , w o rk in g t a b le s , and o th e r c o n t r o ls to h an d le th e s iz e o f s t o c k to b e m a ch in e d ; d e t e r m in e p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l in g , and o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e o r s e le c t t h o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w in g s , b lu e p r in t s , o r la y o u t s ); u sin g a v a r ie t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n ts ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n ts d u rin g m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n to a c h ie v e r e q u is it e d im e n s io n s to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s . M a y b e r e q u ir e d to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n ts and cu ttin g and lu b r ic a tin g o i l s , to r e c o g n iz e w hen t o o l s n e e d d r e s s in g , and to d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f a m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o lr o o m ) at th e s k ill l e v e l c a lle d fo r in th is c la s s i f i c a t i o n r e q u ir e s e x t e n s iv e k n o w le d g e o f m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h c o n s i d e r a b le o n - t h e - jo b tr a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a ir th e s h e e t -m e t a l eq u ip m e n t and f ix t u r e s ( s u c h a s m a ch in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e lv e s , l o c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t ila t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e ta l ro o fin g ) o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out a ll ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l m a in te n a n c e w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in ts , m o d e ls , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g a ll a v a ila b le ty p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k in g m a c h in e s ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f h a n d to o ls in cu ttin g , b en d in g , f o r m in g , s h a p in g , fit t in g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s t a llin g s h e e t -m e t a l a r t i c le s a s r e q u ir e d . In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e s h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s ro u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g an d e x p e r i e n c e . F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s , th is c la s s if i c a t io n d o e s not in clu d e m a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o lr o o m ) e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g sh op s. T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R C o n s t r u c ts and r e p a ir s j i g s , f ix t u r e s , cu ttin g t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m e t a l d ie s o r m o ld s u s e d in s h a p in g o r f o r m in g m e t a l o r n o n m e ta llic m a t e r ia l ( e . g . , p l a s t i c , p l a s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ) . W o r k ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s : P la n n in g and la y in g out w o r k a c c o r d in g to m o d e ls , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r o th e r w r itte n o r o r a l s p e c if ic a t io n s ; u n d e r s ta n d in g th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t ie s o f c o m m o n m e t a ls and a llo y s ; s e le c t in g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r ia ls , t o o l s , and M IL L W R IG H T I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t, and d is m a n t le s and in s t a lls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w hen ch a n g e s in th e p la n t la y o u t a r e r e q u ir e d . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out 25 T O O L A N D DIE M A K E R — C o n tin u ed S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K p r o c e s s e s r e q u ir e d to c o m p le t e t a s k s ; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y sh op c o m p u ta tio n s ; s e ttin g up and o p e r a t in g v a r io u s m a c h in e t o o l s and r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; u sin g v a r io u s t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's h a n d to o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n ts ; w o rk in g to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h e a t -t r e a t in g m e t a l p a r t s and fin is h e d t o o l s and d ie s to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a lit ie s ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s to p r e s c r ib e d t o l e r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s . In g e n e r a l, th e t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u ir e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t, o r r e c e i v e s and is r e s p o n s ib le f o r in c o m in g sh ip m en ts 01 m e r c h a n d is e o r o t h e r m a t e r ia ls . S h ip p in g w o r k i n v o lv e s : A k n o w le d g e o f sh ip p in g p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r o u t e s , a v a ila b le m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a tio n , and r a t e s ; a nd p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f th e g o o d s s h ip p e d , m a k in g up b ills o f la d in g , p o s t in g w e ig h t and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s , and k e e p in g a f ile o f sh ip p in g r e c o r d s . M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g th e m e r c h a n d is e fo r s h ip m e n t. R e c e iv in g w o r k in v o l v e s ; V e r if y in g o r d ir e c t in g o t h e r s in v e r ify in g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f s h ip m e n ts a g a in st b i l l s o f la d in g , in v o i c e s , o r o th e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r s h o r t a g e s and r e je c t in g d a m a g e d g o o d s ; rou tin g m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r ia ls t o p r o p e r d e p a r tm e n t s ; and m a in ta in in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f i l e s . F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not in clu d e t o o l and d ie m a k e r s w ho (1) a r e e m p lo y e d in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g sh o p s o r (2) p r o d u c e f o r g in g d ie s (d ie s in k e r s ) . F or O p e r a t e s and m a in ta in s and m a y a ls o s u p e r v is e th e o p e r a t io n o f s ta tio n a r y e n g in e s and eq u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l o r e le c t r i c a l ) to s u p p ly th e e s ta b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r , h e a t, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c o n d it io n in g . W o r k in v o lv e s ; O p e r a t in g and m a in ta in in g eq u ip m e n t s u ch as s te a m e n g in e s , a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n tila tin g and r e f r ig e r a t in g e q u ip m e n t, s te a m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a te r p u m p s ; m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , an d fu e l c o n s u m p tio n . M a y a ls o s u p e r v is e t h e s e o p e r a t io n s . H ead o r c h ie f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e than o n e e n g in e e r a r e e x c lu d e d ^ pu rposes, w ork ers are c la s s ifie d as f o llo w s ; W AREHOUSEM AN A s d ir e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s w h ich r e q u ir e an u n d e r sta n d in g o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p la n . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g ; V e r ify in g m a t e r ia ls ( o r m e r c h a n d is e ) a g a in st r e c e iv in g d o c u m e n t s , n otin g and r e p o r tin g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; r o u tin g m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r i b e d s to r a g e lo c a t io n s ; s t o r i n g , s t a c k in g , o r p a lle t iz in g m a t e r ia ls in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g in g and ta k in g in v e n to r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r ia ls and r e p o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s t o r a g e and p r e p a r in g it f o r sh ip m en t. M a y o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r t r u c k s in p e r f o r m in g w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s . B O IL E R T E N D E R F i r e s s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s to fu r n is h th e e s ta b lis h m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith h e a t, p o w e r , o r s te a m . F e e d s f u e ls to f i r e b y hand o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n ic a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a te r and s a fe ty v a lv e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t. E x clu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u t i e s in v o lv e s h ip p in g and r e c e iv in g w o r k ( s e e Shipping and R e c e iv in g C le r k and S h ip p in g P a c k e r ) , o r d e r f illin g ( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r t r u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e ra to r). Material Movement and Custodial O R D E R F IL L E R F il ls sh ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a le s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o th e r in s t r u c t io n s . M a y , in a d d itio n to f illin g o r d e r s and i n d i ca tin g it e m s f ille d o r o m itt e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s , r e q u is it io n a d d itio n a l s to c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m o th e r r e la t e d d u tie s . T R U C K D R IV E R D r iv e s a t r u c k w ith in a c it y o r in d u s t r ia l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d is e , e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b e tw e e n v a r io u s ty p e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n ts su ch a s ; M a n u fa ctu rin g p la n ts , fr e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e s a le a n d r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a il e s ta b lis h m e n ts and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s . M a y a ls o lo a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w ith o r w ith ou t h e l p e r s , m a k e m in o r m e c h a n ic a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p t r u c k in g o o d w o rk in g o r d e r . S a le s r o u t e and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . SH IP P IN G P A C K E R P r e p a r e s fin is h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g th e m in sh ip p in g c o n t a in e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p e n d e n t u p on th e ty p e , s i z e , and n u m b e r o f u n its to b e p a c k e d , th e ty p e o f c o n t a in e r e m p lo y e d , and m e th o d o f s h ip m e n t. W o r k r e q u ir e s th e p la c in g o f it e m s in sh ip p in g c o n ta in e r s and m a y in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o llo w in g ; K n o w le d g e o f v a r io u s ite m s o f s to c k in o r d e r to v e r i f y c o n te n t; s e le c t io n o f a p p r o p r ia t e ty p e and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r ; in s e r tin g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u sin g e x c e l s i o r o r o th e r m a t e r ia l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c lo s i n g and s e a lin g c o n t a in e r ; and a p p lyin g la b e ls o r e n te r in g id e n tify in g d a ta on c o n t a in e r . P a c k e r s w h o a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y s iz e and ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t, as f o llo w s ; ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r s h o u ld b e r a te d on th e b a s is o f t r a i l e r c a p a c it y .) stu dy Shipping c l e r k R e c e iv in g c le r k Sh ipping and r e c e iv in g c l e r k S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN E E R T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , w age lig h t t r u c k (u n d e r l V 2 to n s ) m e d iu m t r u c k ( I V 2 to and in clu d in g 4 to n s ) h e a v y t r u c k ( t r a ile r ) ( o v e r 4 ton s) h e a v y t r u c k (o t h e r than t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to n s ) 26 M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R GUARD AND W ATCHM AN A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa ctu rin g p la n t, s t o r e , o r o t h e r e s ta b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : L o a d in g and u n lo a d in g v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r f r o m fr e ig h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a ck in g , s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e b y h a n d tru c k , c a r , o r w h e e lb a r r o w . L on gshore w o r k e r s , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d s h ip s , a r e e x c lu d e d . G u a rd . P e r f o r m s ro u tin e p o l i c e d u t ie s , e it h e r at fix e d p o s t o r on t o u r , m a in ta in in g o r d e r , u s in g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . In clu d e s g u a r d s w ho a r e s ta tio n e d at g a te a nd c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g . W a tc h m a n . M a k e s ro u n d s o f p r e m i s e s p r o p e r t y a g a in s t f i r e , t h e ft, and i l le g a l e n tr y . p e r i o d i c a l l y in p r o te c t in g P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , OR C L E A N E R O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o lle d g a s o lin e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k o r t r a c t o r t o t r a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r ia ls o f a ll k in d s a b ou t a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t. tru ck , C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d it io n f a c t o r y w o rk in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a rtm e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r i c a l o r o th e r e s t a b lis h m e n t . D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a tio n o f th e f o llo w in g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h ip s , t r a s h , and o t h e r r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, f u r n it u r e , o r f ix t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e ta l f ix t u r e s o r t r im m in g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m in o r m a in te n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; and c le a n in g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s who s p e c ia liz e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f p o w e r as fo llo w s : F o r k lif t o p e r a t o r P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r ( o t h e r than fo r k lift ) 27 Service Contract Act Surveys T h e fo llo w in g a r e a s a re s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u se in a d m in is t e r in g th e S e r v i c e C o n tr a c t A ct o f 1965. S u r v e y r e s u lt s a re p u b lis h e d in r e le a s e s w h ic h a re a v a ila b le , at no c o s t , w h ile s u p p lie s la s t f r o m any o f the B L S r e g io n a l o f f i c e s sh ow n on th e b a c k c o v e r . A la s k a (s t a te w id e ) A lb a n y , G a. A le x a n d r ia —L e e s v i l l e , L a . A lp e n a — ta n d ish — a w a s C it y , M ic h . S T Ann A r b o r , M ic h . A tla n tic C it y , N .J . A u g u s ta , G a .— .C . S A u s tin , T e x . B a k e r s f ie ld , C a lif. B a to n R o u g e , L a . B a ttle C r e e k , M ic h . B e a u m o n t— o r t A r t h u r — r a n g e , T e x . P O B e a u m o n t— o r t A rthu x—O r a n g e P and L a k e C h a r le s , T e x .—L a . B ilo x i—G u lfp o r t and P a s c a g o u la — M o s s P o in t , M is s . B in g h a m to n , N .Y . B ir m in g h a m , A la . B lo o m in g t o n —V in c e n n e s , Ind. B r e m e r t o n — h e lto n , W a sh . S B r u n s w ic k , G a. C e d a r R a p id s , Io w a C h a m p a ig n —U rb a n a —R a n to u l, 111. C h a r le s to n —N o rth C h a r le s to n — W a lt e r b o r o , S .C . C h a r lo tte — a s to n ia , N .C . G C heyenne, W yo. C la r k s v ille —H o p k in s v ille , T e n n .— y . K C o lo r a d o S p r in g s , C o lo . C o lu m b ia — u m t e r , S .C . S C o lu m b u s , G a .— la . A C o lu m b u s , M is s . D e c a tu r , 111. D es M o in e s , Iow a Duluth— u p e r io r , M in n .—W is . S E l P a s o — la m o g o r d o —L a s C r u c e s , A T e x .—N. M e x . E u g e n e — p r in g fie ld —M e d fo r d , O r e g . S F a y e t t e v ille , N .C . F o r t L a u d e r d a le — o lly w o o d H and W e s t P a lm B e a c h — B o c a R a to n , F la . F o r t S m ith , A r k .— k la . O F r e d e r i c k —H a g e rs tow n — C h a m b e r s b u r g , M d .—P a . G o ld s b o r o , N .C . G ra n d Is la n d — a s t in g s , N e b r . H G uam , T e r r ito r y o f H a r r is b u r g —L e b a n o n , P a . K n o x v ille , T en n . L ared o, T ex. L a s V e g a s —T o n o p a h , N ev. L im a , O h io L it tle R o c k ^ N o r th L it tle R o c k , A r k . L o g a n s p o r t — e r u , Ind. P L o r a in —E ly r i a , O h io L o w e r E a s t e r n S h o r e , M d .—V a .—D e l. M a c o n , G a. M a d is o n , W is . M a in e (s t a te w id e ) M a n s fie ld , O h io M c A lle n —P h a rx —E d in b u r g and B r o w n s v ille —H a r lin g e n — San B e n it o , T e x . M e r id ia n , M is s . M id d le s e x , M o n m o u th , and O c e a n C o s ., N .J . M o b ile —P e n s a c o la —P a n a m a C ity , A la .—F la . M on ta n a (s t a te w id e ) N a s h v ille —D a v id s o n , T en n . N ew B e r n — a c k s o n v il le , N .C . J N ew H a m p s h ir e (s t a te w id e ) N ew L on d on —N o r w ic h , C on n .—R .I. N o rth D a k ota (s t a te w id e ) N o r th e r n N ew Y o r k N o rth w e s t T e x a s O r la n d o , F la . O x n a rd — im i V a lle y —V e n tu r a , C a lif. S P e o r i a , 111. P h o e n ix , A r i z . P in e B lu ff, A r k . P u e b lo , C o lo . P u e r t o R ic o R a le ig h —D u r h a m , N .C . R e n o , N ev. S a lin a , K a n s . S a lin a s — e a s id e —M o n te r e y , C a lif. S S a n d u sk y , O hio Santa B a r b a r a — Santa M a ria — L o m p o c , C a lif. S a va n n a h , G a. S e lm a , A la . S h r e v e p o r t , L a. Sou th D akota (s ta te w id e ) S o u th e rn Idaho S o u th w e st V ir g in ia S p ok a n e, W ash. S p r in g fie ld , 111. S to c k to n , C a lif. T a c o m a , W ash. Tam pa— St. P e t e r s b u r g , F la . T o p e k a , K ans. T u c s o n —D o u g la s , A r i z . T u ls a , O kla. U p p e r P e n in s u la , M ich . V e r m o n t (sta te w id e ) V ir g in Isla n d s o f the U .S. W a c o and K ille e n —T e m p le , T e x . W a t e r lo o —C e d a r F a l l s , Iow a W e s t V ir g in ia (s ta te w id e ) W ic h ita F a lls —Law ton—A lt u s , T e x .— k la . O W ilm in g to n , D e l.—N .J .—M d. Y a k im a —R ich la n d — en n ew ick — K P e n d le t o n , W a sh .— r e g . O A LSO A V A IL A B L E — A n a n n u a l r e p o r t on s a la r ie s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d it o r s , c h ie f a c c o u n t a n ts , a t t o r n e y s , jo b a n a ly s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l, b u y e r s , c h e m is t s , e n g i n e e r s , e n g in e e r in g t e c h n ic ia n s , d r a f t e r s , a n d c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s is a v a ila b le . O r d e r as B L S B u l l e tin 1 9 8 0, N a tio n a l S u r v e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m in is t r a t iv e , T e c h n ic a l and C l e r i c a l P a y , M a r c h 1 9 7 7 , $ 2 .4 0 a c o p y , f r o m any o f the B L S r e g io n a l s a le s o f f i c e s sh ow n on the b a c k c o v e r , o r f r o m the S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r in t in g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 . Area Wage Surveys A lis t o f th e la t e s t b u lle tin s a v a ila b le is p r e s e n te d b e lo w . B u lle tin s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m any o f th e B L S r e g io n a l o f f ic e s show n on th e b a ck c o v e r , o r f r o m th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S. G o v e rn m e n t P r in tin g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 . M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le to S u p erin ten d en t o f D o c u m e n ts . A d i r e c t o r y o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e s u r v e y s , c o v e r i n g th e y e a r s 1970 th ro u g h 1 9 7 6 , is a v a ila b le on r e q u e s t . A rea B u lle tin n u m b e r and p r i c e * A k r o n , O h io , D e c . 1 9 7 7 _______________________ ________________ _ 1 9 5 0 -7 0 , 80 ce n ts A lb a n y —S ch e n e cta d y —T r o y , N .Y ., S ep t. 1977 ------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 2 , 80 ce n ts A n a h e im -S a n ta Ana—G a rd e n G r o v e , C a l i f ., O c t . 1 9 7 7 ________________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -6 0 , $ 1 .0 0 A t la n t a , G a ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -1 7 , $ 1 .2 0 B a l t i m o r e , M d ., A u g . 1 9 7 7 --------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -3 9 , $ 1 .2 0 B illin g s , M o n t ., J u ly 1977 1 ------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -4 0 , $ 1 .0 0 B ir m in g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1 9 7 8 --------------------------------------------------- 2 0 2 5 -1 5 , 80 cen ts B o s t o n , M a s s . , A u g . 1977 ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 0 , $ 1 .2 0 B u ffa lo , N .Y ., O c t . 1977 ________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -5 8 , $ 1 .0 0 C a n to n , O h io , M a y 1977 1 _______________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -2 8 , $ 1 .1 0 C h a tta n o o g a , T e n n .—G a ., S ep t. 1977 ---------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -4 4 , 70 ce n ts C h ic a g o , 111., M a y 1977 1________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 1 , $ 1 .4 0 C in c in n a ti, O h io —K y.—In d ., J u ly 1977 1 ------------------------------------ 1 9 5 0 -4 5 , $ 1 .2 0 C le v e la n d , O h io , S e p t. 1977 1 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 3 , $ 1 .4 0 C o lu m b u s , O h io , O c t . 1 9 7 7 --------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -6 4 , $ 1 .0 0 C o r p u s C h r is t i, T e x ., J u ly 1977 1 _____________________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 5 , $ 1 .0 0 D a l l a s - F o r t W o r t h , T e x ., O c t . 1 9 7 7 ................................................ 1 9 5 0 -6 5 , $ 1 .2 0 D a v e n p o rt—R o c k Is la n d — o lin e , Iow a—111., F e b . 1 9 7 8 ---------- 2 0 2 5 - 6 , 70 ce n ts M D a y to n , O h io , D e c . 1977 1_______________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -7 1 , $ 1 .1 0 D a y to n a B e a c h , F l a . , A u g . 1977 1______________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 3 , $ 1 .0 0 D e n v e r—B o u ld e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1977 1__________________________ 1 9 5 0 -7 4 , $ 1 .4 0 D e t r o it , M ic h ., M a r . 1 9 7 8 ______________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 1 , $ 1 .2 0 F r e s n o , C a l i f ., June 1977 ______________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 0 , 70 ce n ts G a in e s v il le , F l a . , S e p t. 1977 1_________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 6 , $ 1 .0 0 G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u ly 1 9 7 7 ____________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 6 , 70 ce n ts G r e e n s b o r o — in s t o n -S a le m — ig h P o in t, W H N .C ., A u g . 1977 1 _______________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 2 , $ 1 .1 0 G r e e n v ille — p a r ta n b u r g , S .C ., June 1977 ____________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 3 , 70 ce n ts S H a r t f o r d , C o n n ., M a r . 1978 1 __________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 4 , $ 1 .2 0 H o u s to n , T e x ., A u g . 1977 1 _____________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 8 , $ 1 .4 0 H u n t s v ille , A l a . , F e b . 1 9 7 8 ____________________________________ 2 0 2 5 - 4 , 70 ce n ts I n d ia n a p o lis , In d ., O c t . 1 9 7 7 ___________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -5 6 , $ 1 .0 0 J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n . 1 9 7 8 ______________________________________ 2 0 2 5 - 1 , 70 ce n ts J a c k s o n v il le , F l a . , D e c . 1 9 7 7 __________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -6 7 , 70 ce n ts K a n s a s C it y , M o .—K a n s ., S e p t. 1 9 7 7 ---------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 4 , $ 1 .0 0 L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h , C a l i f ., O ct. 1 9 7 7 --------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -6 1 , $ 1 .2 0 L o u i s v i l l e , K y .—I n d ., N o v . 1 9 7 7 1______________________________ 1 9 5 0 -6 6 , $ 1 .2 0 M e m p h is , T en n .—A r k .—M i s s ., N o v . 1 9 7 7 -------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -6 3 , 70 ce n ts A rea M ia m i, F l a . , O c t . 1 9 7 7 _________________________________________ M ilw a u k e e , W i s ., A p r . 1 9 7 8 1__________________________________ M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l, M in n .—W i s . , Jan. 1978 1_____________ N a s s a u -S u ffo lk , N .Y ., June 1977 _____________________________ N e w a r k , N .J ., Jan. 1978 1______________________________________ N ew O r le a n s , L a ., Jan. 1 9 7 8 __________________________________ N ew Y o r k , N .Y ^ -N .J ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ______________________________ N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h —P o r t s m o u t h , V a N .C ., M a y 1978 . .................................................................................... . N o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h -P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N ew s— a m p to n , V a .— .C ., M a y 1 9 7 8 ____________ H N N o r th e a s t P e n n s y lv a n ia , A u g . 1977 1__________________________ O k la h o m a C ity , O k la ., A u g . 1977 1 ___________________________ O m a h a , N e b r .- I o w a , O c t . 1977 1 ______________________________ P a t e r s o n —C lifto n —P a s s a i c , N .J ., June 1977 ________________ P h ila d e lp h ia , P a .—N .J ., N o v . 1 9 7 7 ___________________________ P it ts b u r g h , P a ., Jan. 1 9 7 8 ____________________________________ P o r t la n d , M a in e , D e c . 1 9 7 7 __________________________________ P o r t la n d , O r e g .- W a s h ., M a y 1977 1__________________________ P o u g h k e e p s ie , N .Y ., June 1977 _______________________________ P o u g h k e e p s ie —K in gston ^ -N ew b u rg h , N .Y ., June 1 9 7 6 ....... ..... P r o v id e n c e -W a r w ic k —P a w t u c k e t, R .I .— M a s s ., June 1977 1 ........................................................................ .......... R ic h m o n d , V a ., June 1977 1 ____________________________________ St. L o u is , M o - I l l . , M a r . 1978 ________________________________ S a c r a m e n t o , C a l i f ., D e c . 1 9 7 7 1___________________ ___________ S a g in a w , M ic h ., N o v . 1 9 7 7 -------------------------------------------------------Salt L a k e C ity— g d e n , U tah, N o v . 1 9 7 7 ______________________ O San A n to n io , T e x ., M a y 197 8___________________________________ San D ie g o , C a lif ., N o v . 1977 1_________________________________ San F r a n c i s c o — a k la n d , C a l i f ., M a r . 1978 1________________ O San J o s e , C a l i f ., M a r . 1978 1__________________________________ S e a ttle —E v e r e t t , W a s h ., D e c . 1977___________________________ South B e n d , In d ., A u g . 1977 1 __________________________________ T o le d o , O h io— ic h ., M a y 1 9 7 7 ________________________________ M T r e n t o n , N .J ., S ep t. 1 9 7 7 ______________________________________ U t ic a - R o m e , N .Y ., Ju ly 1977 1 ________________________________ W a s h in g to n , D .C .—M d .—V a . , M a r . 1978 1_____________________ W ic h it a , K a n s ., A p r . 1978______________________________________ W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ., A p r . 1 9 7 8 1________________________________ Y o r k , P a ., F e b . 1978 1__________________________________________ * l B u lle tin n u m b e r and p r i c e * 1 9 5 0 -5 7 , 2 0 2 5 -1 8 , 2 0 2 5 -2 , 1 9 5 0 -2 7 , 2 0 2 5 -7 , 2 0 2 5 -5 , 1 9 5 0 -3 1 , $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .2 0 2 0 2 5 -2 0 , 70 cen ts 2 0 2 5 -2 1 , 1 9 5 0 -3 8 , 1 9 5 0 -4 9 , 1 9 5 0 -5 5 , 1 9 5 0 -3 4 , 1 9 5 0 -6 2 , 2 0 2 5 -3 , 1 9 5 0 -6 9 , 1 9 5 0 -3 2 , 1 9 5 0 -2 5 , 1 9 0 0 -5 5 , 80 ce n ts $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 0 70 ce n ts $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .1 0 70 ce n ts $ 1 .2 0 70 ce n ts 55 ce n ts 1 9 5 0 -2 2 , 1 9 5 0 -2 3 , 2 0 2 5 -1 3 , 1 9 5 0 -7 2 , 1 9 5 0 -5 9 , 1 9 5 0 -6 8 , 2 0 2 5 -1 7 , 1 9 5 0 -7 3 , 2 0 2 5 -1 0 , 2 0 2 5 -9 , 1 9 5 0 -7 5 , 1 9 5 0 -5 1 , 1 9 5 0 -1 8 , 1 9 5 0 -4 7 , 1 9 5 0 -3 7 , 2 0 2 5 -1 2 , 2 0 2 5 -1 6 , 2 0 2 5 -1 9 , 2 0 2 5 -8 , $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .0 0 70 ce n ts 80 ce n ts 70 cen ts $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .2 0 80 ce n ts $ 1 .1 0 80 ce n ts 70 ce n ts $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .4 0 80 cen ts $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 0 Prices are determ ined by the Government Printing O ffice and are subject to change. 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