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L2, 3/

A re a Wage S u rvey

The Scranton, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Area
July 1967

LACKAWANNA
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1

Scranton

Bulletin No. 1575-9




J E S OERARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

R E G IO N I — NEW E N G L A N D
J ohn F . K en n ed y F e d e r a l B u ild in g
G o v ern m en t C en ter
R o o m 1 6 0 3 -B
B o s t o n , M a s s . 0 22 03
T e l . : 2 2 3 -6 7 6 2




R E G IO N I I — M ID - A T L A N T IC
341 N inth A v e .
New Y o r k , N. Y . 10001
T e l . : 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5

R E G IO N I I I — S O U T H E R N
1371 P e a c h t r e e S t . , N E .
A tla n ta , G a . 30309
T e l . : 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8

R E G IO N I V — N O R T H C E N T R A L
219 S outh D e a r b o r n St.
C h i c a g o , 111. 60604
T e l . : 3 5 3 -7 2 3 0

R E G IO N V — W E S T E R N
450 G o ld e n G a t e A v e .
B o x 36017
San F r a n c i s c o , C a li f. 9 4 1 0 2
T e l . ; 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8

R E G IO N V I — M O U N T A IN - P L A IN S
F e d e r a l O f f i c e B u ild in g
T h ir d F l o o r
911 W alnut St.
K a n s a s C it y , M o . 6 4 1 0 6
T e l . : 3 7 4 -2 4 8 1

Area Wage Survey
The Scranton, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Area
July 1967

Bulletin No. 1575-9
October 1967

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Governm ent Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 2 0 4 0 2 


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Contents

Preface

P age
The B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics p r o g r a m o f annual
o c c u p a tio n a l w ag e s u r v e y s in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s is d e ­
sig n e d to p r o v id e data on o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s, and e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s .
It
y ie ld s d e ta ile d data b y s e le c t e d in d u stry d iv is io n fo r e a c h
o f the a r e a s stu d ied , fo r g e o g r a p h ic r e g io n s , and fo r the
U n ited S ta tes.
A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the p r o g r a m is
the n eed f o r g r e a t e r in sig h t in to (1) the m ov em e n t o f w ag es
b y o c c u p a tio n a l c a t e g o r y and s k ill le v e l, and (2) the s t r u c ­
tu re and le v e l o f w a g e s am on g a r e a s and in d u stry d iv is io n s .
At the end o f e a c h s u r v e y , an in d iv id u al a re a b u l­
le tin p r e s e n ts s u r v e y r e s u lts f o r e a ch a re a stud ied. A fte r
c o m p le t io n o f a ll o f the in d iv id u a l a r e a b u lletin s fo r a roun d
o f s u r v e y s , a t w o -p a r t s u m m a r y b u lletin is is su e d .
The
f i r s t p a rt b r in g s data fo r e a c h o f the m etrop olita n a r e a s
stu d ied in to on e b u lle tin . The s e c o n d part p resen ts in f o r ­
m a tio n w h ich has b e e n p r o je c t e d fr o m in d iv id u al m e t r o ­
p o lita n a r e a data to r e la t e to g e o g r a p h ic r e g io n s and the
U n ited S ta tes.

In trod u ction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W age tren d s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s ---------------------------------------------T a b le s :
1.
2.

A.

B.

E ig h t y -s ix a r e a s c u r r e n tly are in clu d ed in the
program .
In e a c h a re a , in fo r m a tio n on occu p a tion a l e a r n ­
in gs is c o lle c t e d an n ually and on e sta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s
and su p p le m e n ta r y w age p r o v is io n s b ien n ia lly .
T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n ts r e s u lts o f the su r v e y in
S cra n ton , P a. , in J u ly 1967.
The Standard M e tro p o lita n
S ta tis tic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d b y the B u reau o f the B udget
th rou g h A p r il 1967, c o n s is t s o f Lackaw anna County.
T h is
study w as c o n d u c te d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in New
Y o rk , N. Y . , H e r b e r t B ie n s to c k , D ir e c t o r .
The study w as
u n d er the g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f F r e d e r ic k W. M u e lle r,
A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r o f O p era tion s.




1
4

E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s u r v e y and
n u m ber s t u d ie d _______________________________________________________
In dexes o f stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -tim e
h ou rly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g ro u p s , and
p e r c e n ts o f change fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s ------------------------------------------

4

O ccu p a tion a l e a r n in g s :*
A - 1. O ffic e o c c u p a tio n s —m e n and w o m e n __________________________
A - 2. P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l occu pation s-^ m en and w o m e n —
A -3 . O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s —
m en and w om en c o m b in e d -----------------------------------------------------A - 4. M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a t io n s -------------------A - 5. C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s _____________

9
10
10

E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s :*
B -l.
M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ____
B -2 . Shift d if f e r e n t ia ls ______________________________________________
B -3 .
S ch ed u led w e e k ly h o u r s _______________________________________
B -4 .
P a id h o lid a y s ___________________________________________________
B -5 . P a id v a c a t i o n s __________________________________________________
B -6 . H ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n p la n s_______________________
B -7 .
P r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e w o r k _____________________________

12
13
14
15
16
19
20

A p p en dix.

O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip t io n s _______________________________________

areas.

* N O TE :
S im ila r ta bu la tion s a re a v a ila b le fo r oth er
(See in sid e b a c k c o v e r .)

C u rre n t r e p o r t s on o c cu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and su p­
p le m e n ta r y w age p r o v is io n s in the S cra n ton a r e a a r e a lso
a v a ila b le fo r c ig a r m a n u fa ctu rin g (M a r ch 1967), and on
ea rn in g s on ly f o r s e le c t e d fo o d s e r v ic e o c cu p a tio n s (July
1967). U nion s c a le s , in d ic a tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls a re
a v a ila b le fo r bu ild in g c o n s tr u c tio n ; p rin tin g; lo c a l-t r a n s it
op e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s ; and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s , h e lp e r s , and
a llie d o c c u p a tio n s .

iii

3

6
8

21




Area Wage Survey---The Scranton, Pa., Metropolitan Area
Introduction
T h is a r e a is 1 o f 86 in w h ich the U .S . D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r 's
B u rea u o f L a b o r S t a tis tic s c o n d u cts s u r v e y s o f o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s
and r e la te d b e n e fit s on an a r e a w id e b a s is .
In this a r e a , data w e r e
o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u reau fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e ­
sen ta tiv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in six b r o a d in du stry d iv is io n s : M anu­
fa c tu r in g ; tr a n s p o r t a tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ;
w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n ce , in s u r a n ce , and r e a l esta te ; and
s e r v ic e s .
M a jo r in d u stry g rou p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e
g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t io n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s .
E s ta b lis h m e n ts h a v in g fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d num ber o f w o r k e r s a r e
o m itte d b e c a u s e th ey ten d to fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the
o c c u p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r r a n t in clu s io n .
Separate ta bu la tion s a r e
p r o v id e d fo r e a c h o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t pu b­
lic a t io n c r it e r i a .

a llo w a n ce s and in ce n tiv e e a rn in g s a r e in clu d e d . W h ere w e e k ly h ours
a r e r e p o r t e d , as fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the
stan dard w o rk w e e k (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf hour) fo r w h ich e m ­
p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay
fo r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n ­
in gs fo r th ese o c cu p a tio n s have b e e n rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r .
The a v e r a g e s p r e s e n te d r e f le c t c o m p o s it e , a rea w id e e s t i­
m a te s .
In d u s trie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts d iffe r in p a y le v e l and jo b
sta ffin g and, th u s, c o n trib u te d iffe r e n t ly to the e s tim a te s fo r ea ch jo b .
The pa y r e la tio n s h ip obta in a b le fr o m the a v e r a g e s m a y fa il to r e fle c t
a c c u r a t e ly the w age s p re a d o r d iffe r e n t ia l m a in ta in ed am ong jo b s in
in dividu al e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
S im ila r ly , d iffe r e n c e s in a v e ra g e pay
le v e ls fo r m en and w om en in any o f the s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n s should
not be a s su m e d to r e f le c t d iffe r e n c e s in p a y trea tm en t o f the se x e s
w ith in in dividu al e sta b lis h m e n ts .
O ther p o s s ib le fa c t o r s w h ich m ay
c on trib u te to d iffe r e n c e s in p a y fo r m en and w o m e n in clu d e: D iffe r ­
e n ce s in p r o g r e s s io n w ith in e s t a b lis h e d ra te r a n g e s , sin c e on ly the
actu al r a te s paid in cu m b en ts a re c o lle c t e d ; and d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific
du ties p e r fo r m e d , although the w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifi e d a p p ro p r ia te ly
w ith in the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip t io n .
Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in
c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d
than th ose u se d in in d iv id u al e s ta b lis h m e n ts and a llow fo r m in or
d iffe r e n c e s am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the s p e c if i c du ties p e r fo r m e d .

T h e se s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f
the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rv e y in g a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts .
To
o b ta in op tim u m a c c u r a c y a t m in im u m c o s t , a g re a te r p r o p o r t io n o f
la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is stud ied.
In c o m b in in g the da ta,
h o w e v e r , a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e given th eir a p p ro p r ia te w eigh t.
E s­
tim a te s b a s e d on the e s ta b lis h m e n ts studied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e ,
as r e la tin g to a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry grou p in g and a r e a ,
e x c e p t fo r th ose b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stud ied.
O cc u p a tio n s and E a rn in g s

O ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in
all e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and not the num ber
a ctu a lly s u r v e y e d .
B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l stru ctu re
am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s t im a te s o f o ccu p a tio n a l em p loy m en t o b ­
tain ed fr o m the sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in dicate
the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied .
T h e se d iffe r e n c e s in
o ccu p a tio n a l str u c tu r e do not a ffe c t m a t e r ia lly the a c c u r a c y of the
ea rn in g s data.

The o c c u p a t io n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty
o f m a n u fa c tu r in g and n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the
f o llo w in g ty p e s : (1) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l;
(3) m a in ten a n ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (4) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e ­
m e n t.
O cc u p a tio n a l c la s s if i c a t io n is b a se d on a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b
d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n
in d u ties w ith in the sa m e jo b .
The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study
a r e lis te d and d e s c r ib e d in the appendix.
The earn in gs data fo llo w in g
the jo b title s a r e f o r a ll in d u s tr ie s c o m b in e d .
E arn in gs data fo r so m e
o f the o c c u p a tio n s lis te d and d e s c r ib e d , o r fo r som e in d u stry d iv is io n s
w ith in o c c u p a t io n s , a r e not p r e s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s , b e c a u s e
e ith e r (1) e m p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n is too s m a ll to p r o v id e enough
data to m e r it p r e s e n ta tio n , o r (2) th ere is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e
o f in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n t data.

E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s
In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d
e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta r y w ag e p r o v is io n s as they
r e la te to plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s .
A d m in is t r a tiv e , e x e cu tiv e , and
p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and c o n s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s who are u tiliz e d
as a se p a ra te w o rk f o r c e a r e e x clu d e d .
"P la n t w o r k e r s " in clude
w o rk in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu din g le a d m en and tr a in e e s ) en ga ged in n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s.
" O ffic e w o r k e r s "
in clu d e w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo rm in g
c le r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n ctio n s.
C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and rou tem en a re
e x clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , but in clu d e d in n onm an ufacturin g
in d u s t r ie s .

O c c u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a r e show n fo r
fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th o se h ire d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le
in the given o c c u p a t io n a l c la s s ific a t io n .
E a rn in gs data e x clu d e p r e ­
m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and for, w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and
late s h ifts .
N o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u se s a r e e x clu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g




1

2
M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w o m e n o ffic e w o r k e r s (ta ble
B - l ) r e la te on ly to the e s ta b lis h m e n ts v is it e d . B e c a u s e o f the op tim u m
sa m p lin g te ch n iq u e s u s e d , and the p r o b a b ility that la r g e e s t a b lis h ­
m en ts a re m o r e lik e ly to have fo r m a l en tra n ce r a te s fo r w o r k e r s
ab ove the s u b c le r ic a l le v e l than s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the ta ble is
m o r e -r e p r e s e n t a t iv e o f p o li c ie s i n m e d iu m and la r g e e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data (table B -2 ) a r e lim ite d to plant w o r k e r s
in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s .
T h is in fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in
t e r m s of (1) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 1 p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f total plant
w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t, and (2) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f
w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the
su rvey.
In e s ta b lis h m e n ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount
ap plyin g to a m a jo r it y w as u s e d o r , if no am ount a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y ,
the c la s s ific a t io n ’’ o th e r " w as u sed . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich s o m e
la t e -s h ift h ou rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d
on ly if it a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u r s .
T h e sch e d u le d w e e k ly h ou rs (ta ble B -3 ) o f a m a jo r it y o f the
f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e s ta b lis h m e n t a r e ta bu la ted as ap p lyin g to
a ll o f the plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s o f that e s ta b lis h m e n t.
S ch ed u led
w e e k ly h ou rs a r e th ose w h ich fu ll-t im e e m p lo y e e s w e r e e x p e cte d to
w o r k , w h eth er th ey w e r e p a id fo r at s t r a ig h t -tim e or o v e r t im e r a t e s .
P a id h o lid a y s ; pa id v a c a tio n s ; health, in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n
p la n s; and p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t im e w o rk (ta b les B -4 th rough B -7 )
a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th ese a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll
plant o r o ffic e , w o r k e r s if a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le or
m a y ev e n tu a lly q u a lify fo r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d .
Sum s o f in d iv id u a l
ite m s in ta b le s B -2 th rou g h B -7 m a y not equ al to ta ls b e c a u s e o f
rou n din g.
D ata on paid h o lid a y s (table B -4 ) a r e lim ite d to data on h o li­
days g ra n ted an n ually on a fo r m a l b a s is ; i . e . , (1) a r e p r o v id e d fo r
in w ritte n f o r m , o r (2) have b e e n e s ta b lis h e d b y c u s to m .
H o lid a y s
o r d in a r ily g ra n ted a re in clu d e d ev en though th ey m a y fa ll on a n on ­
w o rk d a y and the w o r k e r is not g ra n ted an oth er day o ff.
The f i r s t
p a rt o f the pa id h o lid a y s ta b le p r e s e n ts the n um ber o f w h ole and h a lf
h o lid a y s a c tu a lly g ra n ted . The s e c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w h ole and h a lf
h o lid a y s to sh ow tota l h o lid a y t im e .
The s u m m a r y o f v a c a tio n plans (table B -5 ) is lim ite d to a
s t a t is t ic a l m e a s u r e o f v a c a tio n p r o v is io n s .
It is not in ten ded as a
m e a s u r e o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly r e c e iv in g s p e c if i c b e n e ­
fit s . P r o v is io n s o f an e s ta b lis h m e n t fo r a ll len gth s o f s e r v ic e w e r e
tabu lated as ap plyin g to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s o f the e s t a b lis h ­
m en t, r e g a r d le s s o f len gth o f s e r v ic e .
P r o v is io n s fo r p a ym en t on
oth er than a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r t e d to a tim e b a s is ; fo r e x a m p le ,
a paym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the e q u iv ­
alent o f 1 w e e k 's pay. E s tim a te s e x clu d e v a c a tio n -s a v in g s plans and
th ose w h ich o ffe r "e x te n d e d " or " s a b b a t ic a l" b e n e fits b ey on d b a s ic
plans to w o r k e r s w ith q u a lify in g len gth s o f s e r v ic e . T y p ic a l o f su ch
e x c lu s io n s a r e plans in the s t e e l, a lu m in u m , and can in d u s tr ie s .
1 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following
conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering
late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1 ) had operated late
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating
late shifts.




D ata on h ealth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n plan s (ta b le B -6 ) in ­
clu d e th ose plans fo r w h ich the e m p lo y e r p a y s at le a s t a p a rt o f the
c o s t. Such p la n s in clu de th o se u n d e r w ritte n b y a c o m m e r ic a l in s u r a n ce
co m p a n y and th ose p r o v id e d th rou g h a u n ion fund or p a id d ir e c t ly b y
•the e m p lo y e r out o f cu r re n t o p e r a tin g funds o r fr o m a fund set a s id e
fo r th is p u rp o s e .
An e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d to have a plan
if the m a jo r ity o f e m p lo y e e s w e r e e lig ib le to be c o v e r e d u nder the
pla n , ev en if le s s than a m a jo r it y e le c t e d to p a r t ic ip a te b e c a u s e e m ­
p lo y e e s w ere r e q u ir e d to c o n trib u te to w a r d the c o s t o f the plan. L e ­
g a lly r e q u ir e d p la n s , su ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e ­
c u r ity , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t w e r e e x c lu d e d .
S ick n e ss and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f
in su ra n ce under w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly
to the in su re d on a w e e k ly or m o n th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s or a c c id e n t
d is a b ility . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r a ll su ch p la n s to w h ich the
e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s. H o w e v e r , in New Y o r k and New J e r s e y , w h ich
have en acted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m ­
p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,2 plans a r e in clu d e d o n ly if the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n ­
tr ib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e
w ith b en efits w h ich e x c e e d the r e q u ir e m e n t s o f the la w . T a b u la tion s
o f paid s ick le a v e plans a re lim it e d to fo r m a l p la n s 3 w h ich p r o v id e
full pa y or a p r o p o r t io n of the w o r k e r 's p a y d u rin g a b s e n c e fr o m w o rk
b e c a u s e of illn e s s .
Sep arate ta b u la tion s a r e p r e s e n te d a c c o r d in g to
(1) p la n s w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d , and (2) plans
w h ich p ro v id e e ith e r p a rtia l pa y o r a w a itin g p e r io d .
In a d d ition to
the p r e se n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s of w o r k e r s w ho a r e p r o v id e d
s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su r a n ce o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n d u p lica ted
tota l is shown of w o r k e r s w ho r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fit s .

C ata strop h e in s u r a n ce , s o m e t im e s r e f e r r e d to as m a jo r m e d ­
ic a l in su r a n ce , in clu d e s th ose pla n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t
e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s b ey on d
the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e of. h o s p it a liz a t io n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s.
M e d ic a l in su ra n ce r e fe r s to p la n s p r o v id in g fo r c o m p le te o r p a r tia l
paym en t of d o c t o r s ' fe e s .
Su ch pla n s m a y be u n d erw ritten by c o m ­
m e r c ia l in su ra n ce co m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r th ey m a y
be paid fo r b y the e m p lo y e r ou t o f a fund se t a s id e fo r th is p u rp o s e .
T ab u lation s of r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se plans
that p r o v id e r e g u la r paym en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life .
Data on o v e r tim e p r e m iu m pa y (ta b le B - 7 ) , the h ou rs a fte r
w h ich p r e m iu m pay is r e c e iv e d and the c o r r e s p o n d in g ra te o f p a y, a r e
p r e s e n te d b y d a ily and w e e k ly p r o v i s io n s .
D a ily o v e r t im e r e f e r s to
w o r k in e x c e s s o f a s p e c ifie d n u m b er o f h o u r s a day r e g a r d l e s s o f
the n um ber o f h ou rs w o rk e d on oth er da ys o f the pay p e r io d . W eek ly
o v e r t im e r e f e r s to w o rk in e x c e s s o f a s p e c ifi e d n u m b er o f h ou rs
p e r w eek r e g a r d le s s of the day on w h ich it is p e r fo r m e d , the n u m ber
o f h ou rs p er day, o r num ber o f da ys w o r k e d .
The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer
contributions.
An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the
minimum number of days of sick leave available to each em ployee.
Such a plan need not be
written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded.

3

T a b le 1.

E s t a b li s h m e n t s an d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d ie d in S c r a n t o n ,

P a . , 1 b y m a j o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , 2 J u ly 1967
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s

N u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s
M in im u m
e m p lo y m e n t
in e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t s in s c o p e
o f stu d y

In d u stry d iv is io n

A l l d i v i s i o n s ___________

_________

W ith in s c o p e
of stu d y 5

S tu d ied
T o ta l4

S tu d ie d

P la n t
N um ber

P ercen t

O ffice
T o t a l4

2 40

101

4 2 ,1 0 0

100

3 3 ,0 0 0

4 , 4 00

2 6 ,4 4 0

50
-

172
68

57
44

3 1 ,5 0 0
1 0 ,6 0 0

75
25

2 6 ,3 0 0
6, 7 0 0

2, 4 0 0
2, 000

1 7 ,7 4 0
8, 700

50
50
50
50
50

17
11
24
5
11

15
5
13
4
7

3 , 600
1, 2 00
4 , 0 00
8 00
1 ,0 0 0

9
3
9
2
2

2, 0 00

__ _ __________

_____________________ —
M a n u fa c t u r in g ___ ___ —
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g - _____ __________ ______________
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and
o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 5 _________________________
W h o l e s a le t r a d e ___________________________________
R e t a i l t r a d e __
___ _______
____
F i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e _________
S e r v i c e s 8 ______
_______
_____________________

W it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y

( 6)
( 6)
(7 )
( 6)

600
(‘ )
(* )
(? )
( 6)

3 ,4 7 0
730
3 ,0 8 0
730
690

1 T h e S c r a n t o n S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t t h r o u g h A p r i l 1 9 6 7 , c o n s i s t s o f L a c k a w a n n a C o u n t y .
T h e " w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s t u d y "
e s t i m a t e s s h o w n in t h is t a b l e p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b l y a c c u r a t e d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e s i z e an d c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y .
T h e e s t i m a t e s a r e n o t in t e n d e d , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e
a s a b a s i s o f c o m p a r i s o n w it h o t h e r e m p l o y m e n t in d e x e s f o r th e a r e a t o m e a s u r e e m p l o y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1 ) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b l is h m e n t da ta c o m p i l e d
c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , an d (2 ) s m a l l e s t a b l is h m e n t s a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1967 e d i t io n o f th e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l w a s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g e s t a b l is h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n .
3 I n c l u d e s a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m in i m u m li m i t a t i o n . A l l o u t le t s (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n i e s in s u c h i n d u s t r i e s a s t r a d e , f i n a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e ,
a n d m o t i o n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 e s t a b l is h m e n t .
4 I n c l u d e s e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , a n d o t h e r w o r k e r s e x c l u d e d f r o m th e s e p a r a t e p la n t an d o f f i c e c a t e g o r i e s .
5 T a x i c a b s a n d s e r v i c e s in c i d e n t a l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n w e r e e x c l u d e d .
6 T h is in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n i s r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , an d f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s .
S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n
o f d a t a f o r t h is d i v i s i o n is n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e fo l lo w i n g r e a s o n s :
(1 ) E m p lo y m e n t in th e d i v i s i o n is t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h d a ta to m e r i t s e p a r a t e s t u d y , (2 ) th e s a m p le w a s n ot
d e s i g n e d i n i t i a l l y t o p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , (3 ) r e s p o n s e w a s i n s u f f ic i e n t o r in a d e q u a t e to p e r m i t s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , a n d (4 ) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv i d u a l e s t a b l is h m e n t d a ta .
7 W o r k e r s f r o m t h is e n t i r e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s " a n d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s , b u t f r o m th e r e a l e s t a t e p o r t i o n o n ly in e s t i m a t e s
fo r
" a l l i n d u s t r i e s " in th e S e r i e s B t a b l e s .
S e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n o f d a ta f o r t h is d i v i s i o n is n o t m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f th e r e a s o n s g iv e n in f o o t n o t e 6 a b o v e .
8 H o t e l s a n d m o t e l s ; l a u n d r i e s a n d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s i n e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b i le r e p a i r , r e n t a l, an d p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o fi t m e m b e r s h i p o r g a n i z a t i o n s (e x c l u d i n g r e l i g i o u s
a n d c h a r i t a b l e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) ; a n d e n g in e e r in g a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .




O v e r t w o - t h ir d s o f th e w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y in th e S c r a n t o n a r e a w e r e
e m p l o y e d in m a n u fa c t u r in g f i r m s .
T h e f o l l o w i n g t a b le p r e s e n t s th e m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s an d
s p e c i f i c i n d u s t r ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa c t u r in g :
In d u stry g r o u p s

S p e c i f i c i n d u s t r ie s

A p p a r e l _____________________________ 31
E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y -------------------- 12
P r in t in g and p u b l is h i n g --------------- 10
T e x t i le m il l p r o d u c t s ____________ 9
F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s -------- 7
O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s --------5
M a ch in e ry (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) — 5

W o m e n 's , m i s s e s ' , an d
j u n i o r s ' o u t e r w e a r ----------------------- 12
M e n 's an d b o y s ' f u r n i s h i n g s ----- 11
E l e c t r o n i c c o m p o n e n t s an d
a c c e s s o r i e s ---------------------------------- 7
B o o k s -----------------------------------------------5
Y a r n a n d t h r e a d m i l l s ----------------- 5

T h is i n f o r m a t io n i s b a s e d o n e s t i m a t e s o f t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n i v e r s e
m a t e r i a l s c o m p il e d p r i o r to a c t u a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s m a y
d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d o n th e r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y a s s h o w n in t a b le 1 a b o v e .

4

Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups
P r e s e n te d in ta b le 2 a r e in d e x e s and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change
in a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o f o f f ic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s ,
and in a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s . T h e in d e x e s
a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g iv e n tim e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f
w a g es d u rin g the b a s e p e r io d (da te o f the a r e a s u r v e y co n d u cte d
betw een July I960 and June 1961).
S u b tra ctin g 100 fr o m the in d ex
y ie ld s the p e r c e n ta g e ch a n ge in w a g e s fr o m the b a s e p e r io d to the
date o f the in d ex .
T he p e r c e n ta g e s o f ch an ge o r in c r e a s e r e la te to
w age ch a n g es b etw een the in d ic a te d d a te s.
T h e s e e s tim a te s a r e
m e a s u r e s o f ch an ge in a v e r a g e s fo r the a r e a ; th ey a r e not in ten ded
to m e a s u r e a v e r a g e pay ch a n g es in the e sta b lis h m e n ts in the a r e a .
M eth od o f C om puting

in the o ccu p a tio n a l g ro u p . T h e s e co n s ta n t w e ig h ts r e f le c t b a s e y e a r
e m p loy m en ts w h e r e v e r p o s s ib le .
T h e a v e r a g e (m ea n ) e a r n in g s fo r
ea ch occu p a tio n w e re m u ltip lie d b y the o c c u p a t io n a l w eigh t, and the
p r o d u c ts fo r a ll o c cu p a tio n s in the g ro u p w e r e to ta le d . T h e a g g r e g a te s
f o r 2 c o n s e c u tiv e y e a r s w e r e r e la t e d

by

d iv id in g

the

a g g r e g a te f o r

the la te r y e a r by the a g g r e g a te fo r the e a r lie r y e a r .
T h e re su lta n t
r e la t iv e , le s s 100 p e r c e n t, sh ow s the p e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e. The in d e x
is the p r o d u c t o f m u ltip ly in g the b a s e y e a r r e la t iv e (100) b y the r e la t iv e
f o r the next su c ce e d in g y e a r and con tin u in g to m u ltip ly (co m p o u n d )
ea ch y e a r ’ s r e la t iv e by the p r e v io u s y e a r ’ s in d e x .
A v e r a g e e a r n in g s
f o r the fo llo w in g o c cu p a tio n s w e r e u s e d in com p u tin g the w a g e tr e n d s :

E ach o f the s e le c t e d k ey o c cu p a tio n s w ith in an o c cu p a tio n a l
grou p w a s a s s ig n e d a w eigh t b a s e d on its p r o p o r tio n a te em p lo y m e n t
O ffice clerical (men and women):
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B
Clerks, accounting, classes
A and B
Clerks, file, classes
A, B, and C
Clerks, order
Clerks, payroll
Comptometer operators
Keypunch operators, classes
A and B
O ffice boys and girls

Table 2.

O ffice clerical (men and women)—
Continued
Secretaries
Stenographers, general
Stenographers, senior
Switchboard operators, classes
A and B
Tabulating-machine operators,
class B
Typists, classes A and B

Skilled maintenance (men):
Carpenters
Electricians
Machinists
Mechanics
Mechanics (automotive)
Pa inters
Pipefitters
T ool and die makers
Unskilled plant (men):
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Laborers, material handling

Industrial nurses (men and women):
Nurses, industrial (registered)

Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Scranton, P a .,
July 1967 and August 1966, and percents o f change *for selected periods
Indexes
(August 1960=100)

Industry and occupational group
July 1967

August 1966

Percents o f change 1
August 1966
to
July 1967

August 1965
to
August 1966

August 1964
to
August 1965

August 1963
to
August 1964

August 1962
to
August 1963

August 1961
to
August 1962

August 1960
to
August 1961

All industries:
Office clerical (men and w o m en )-------Industrial nurses (men and w o m en )-----Skilled maintenance (m en)------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )--------------------------

118.8
129.8
124. 1
132.6

111.7
(3 )
118.5
122. 7

6. 3
( 3)
4. 7
8. 1

0 .6
( 3>
2 .0
0

2 -3 . 7
( 3)
2.2
.7

3.9
( 3)
3.0
5.2

3 .4
(3)
3.6
6 .7

3.3
2.6
2. 7
2. 1

3.9
3. 3
3 .7
6 .3

Manuf acturing:
Office clerical (men and w o m e n )-------Industrial nurses (men and w om en )-----Skilled maintenance (m en)------------------Unskilled plant (m e n )--------------------------

130.6
129.8
122. 1
128.8

122. 2
( 3)
117.7
123.9

6 .9
( 3)
3. 7
3 .9

2.5
( 3)
1.8
2 -1 .4

1.8
( 3>
3 .0
6.3

3.5
( 3)
2 .4
5.2

5 .3
(3)
3 .0
2 .4

1.6
2.6
2.8
2.8

5 .7
3. 3
3 .5
6 .8

1 A ll changes are increases unless otherwise indicated.
This decrease largely reflects changes in employment among establishments with different pay levels rather than wage decreases.
Data do not meet publication criteria.




5
F o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u stria l n u r s e s , the w age
tr e n d s r e la t e to r e g u la r w e e k ly s a la r ie s fo r the n o r m a l w o rk w e e k ,
e x c lu s iv e o f e a r n in g s fo r o v e r t im e .
F o r plant w o rk e r g r o u p s , they
m e a s u r e ch a n g es in a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x clu d in g
p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and
la te sh ifts . T h e p e r c e n ta g e s a r e b a s e d on data fo r s e le c t e d k ey o c c u ­
p a tion s and in clu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p ortan t jo b s w ith in
e a c h g rou p .

C hanges in the la b o r f o r c e can ca u se in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the
o c cu p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout actu al w age ch a n g e s. It is co n c e iv a b le
that ev en though a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in an a r e a gave w age in c r e a s e s ,
a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y have d e c lin e d b e c a u s e lo w e r -p a y in g e sta b lish m en ts
e n te r e d the a r e a o r expan ded th eir w o r k f o r c e s .
S im ila r ly , w ag es
m a y have r e m a in e d r e la t iv e ly con sta n t, y et the a v e r a g e s fo r an a re a
m a y have r is e n c o n s id e r a b ly b e c a u s e h ig h e r -p a y in g esta b lish m en ts
e n te r e d the a r e a .

L im ita tio n s o f D ata
T h e in d e x e s and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change, as m e a s u r e s o f
change in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e in flu en ced by:
(1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and
w ag e c h a n g e s, (2) m e r it o r oth er in c r e a s e s in pay r e c e iv e d by in d i­
v id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in the sa m e jo b , and (3) ch a n ges in a v e r a g e
w a g e s due to ch a n g es in the la b o r fo r c e resu ltin g fr o m la b o r tu rn ­
o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and changes in the p r o p o r ­
tion s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t pay le v e ls .




The u se of con sta n t e m p lo y m e n t w eig h ts e lim in a te s the e ffe c t
of ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea ch jo b in ­
clu d ed in the data.
The p e r c e n ta g e s o f change r e f le c t on ly changes
in a v e r a g e pa y fo r s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r s .
T h ey a r e not in flu en ced by
ch a n g es in stan dard w o rk s c h e d u le s , as su ch , or b y p r e m iu m pay
f o r o v e r t im e . W h ere n e c e s s a r y , data w e r e a d ju sted to re m o v e fr o m
the in d ex es and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change any s ig n ific a n t e ffe c t ca u sed
b y ch a n g es in the s c o p e o f the su r v e y .

6
A. Occupational Earnings
Table A-!, Office Occupations—Men and Women
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , S cr a n to n , P a . , Ju ly 1967)
Weekly earnings*
(standard)
Number
of
workers

S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Average
weekly
hours1
[standard)

N u m b er o f w o r k e r s i r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f —
$
50

Mean2

Median 2

Middle range 2

55

1t

3t

t

$

60

65

11

$
70

75

1■

$
80

85

(
90

*
95

t

t
100

105

no

S

*
115

S

$
120

125

$

t

130

135

and
u n d er

140
and

65

70

-

~

-

*

5

55

60

-

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

1

2

8

i

120

125

130

135

3

-

2

10
10

2
2

_

1

_

-

-

1

-

-

_

_

_

_

"

-

-

~

-

140

over

MEN

20

3 8 .0

$
1 0 6 .5 0

$
1 0 8 .0 0

1-8

3 0 .5

i tJ .0
n0
n
7

6 7 . 50

18

3 9 .5

1 0 7 .0 0

1 1 6 .5 0

BILLE RS, MACHINE (B ILLIN G
MACHINE 1 -----------------------------------------------------

23

4 0 .0

6 1 .0 0

5 9 .0 0

5 7 .0 0 -

7 1 .0 0

-

BILLE RS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE) -----------------------------------------------------------

21

3 7 .0

6 8 .5 0

6 7 .0 0

5 8 .5 0 -

7 1 .0 0

2

5

6 1 .0 0 -

6 9 .5 0

iL
A _*
o bA. # 5C U

7r C3 t UAA
U

CLERKS.

ACCOUNTING. CLASS A --------------

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B --------------------------------------------------------

$
$
1 0 3 .0 0 -1 1 9 .0 0

3
1

9 4 .5 0 -1 1 8 .5 0

2

1

1

2

*
2

1

-

12

1
1

WOMEN

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B -------------------------------------------------------------

62

3 8 .5

6 4 .5 0

-----------------------------------

46

3 8 .5

6 2 . 50

6 3 .5 0
7 1 . 00
6 2 .0 0

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ---------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

36
15
21

3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .0

1 0 2 .0 0
9 5 .5 0
1 0 6 .5 0

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING. CLASS B -------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

132
79
53

3 7 .5
3 7 .0
3 7 .5

CLERKS, F I L E , CLASS C —------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

96
67

CLERKS, ORDER --------------------------------------------CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

UAkh
p
i A N u1C
r aAuT Tl IUI Or iVnAIT
b ————————— ————

NONMANUFACTURING

15

1

1

6

9

2

7
6
1

3
2
1

2
1
1

1

1
4
1
3

1
1

4
4
-

1
1
-

-

8
3
5

4
1
3

3

3

8

31

6

6 0 .0 0 - 6 4 .5 0

3

8

28

2

1 0 6 .5 0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 2 1 .5 0

8 5 .5 0 -1 2 2 .5 0
8 7 .5 0 -1 0 7 .0 0
7 9 .0 0 - 1 2 4 .0 0

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

4
1
3

7 4 .5 0
6 8 .5 0
8 2 .5 0

7 2 .0 0
6 8 .0 0
8 0 .0 0

6 5 .5 0 - 8 1 .5 0
6 3 . 5 0 - 7 4 .5 0
7 2 . 0 0 - 9 3 .5 0

_
-

4
4

26
22
4

27
22
5

25
13
12

14
8
6

11
5
6

5
1
4

3 8 .0
3 9 .5

7 3 .5 0
7 9 .0 0

6 5 .0 0
8 4 .0 0

5 8 .0 0 - 9 6 .0 0
5 7 .5 0 - 9 7 .5 0

11
11

24
12

14
2

9
5

1
-

_

5
5

2
2

"

30
30

116

3 7 .5

7 2 .0 0

6 8 .0 0

6 4 .5 0 -

7 9 .0 0

-

7

26

43

5

9

12

4

1

-

9

88
71
17

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .0

7 7 .0 0
7 8 .0 0
7 2 .5 0

7 9 .0 0
8 0 .5 0
7 4 .0 0

7 0 .0 0 - 8 6 .5 0
7 0 .5 0 - 8 7 .5 0
6 4 . 0 0 - 8 4 .0 0

2
2

2
2

8
5
3

10
10

14
9
5

10
8
2

16
14
2

14
12
2

8
7
1

2
2

2
2

——

-

1

l
_

-

3
3
"

5
5

_

_

B

_

8

-

-

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS. CLASS A --------------

39

3 7 .5

8 5 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

7 4 .5 0 - 9 8 .0 0

-

-

2

2

7

5

4

3

2

a

3

2

i

-

-

-

-

-

-

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -------------u aaiiic A r rn
n rtir
^AnlUrAU
t UK
iNv
NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

130

3 8 .5

7 9 .0 0

23
13
10

14
12
2

2

-

-

-

32

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

32
25
7

10
10

8 9 .0 0

2
2
~

14

3 9 .5

6 7 .5 0 - 9 4 .0 0
AA a DU"
CA— 77
AA
OO
fv«UU
7 1 .0 0 - 1 0 8 .0 0

1

59

7 3 .5 0
7 0 . 00
1 0 5 .5 0

2

-

-

*

3?

-

-

-

OFFICE GIRLS -----------------------------------------------

16

3 8 .5

6 4 .0 0

6 1 .5 0

5 5 .5 0 - 6 9 .0 0

4

3

5

1

l

SECRETARIES3 ------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

14 7
106
41

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5

9 1 .5 0
9 4 .0 0
8 4 .5 0

8 9 .0 0
9 1 .5 0
8 0 .0 0

7 7 .0 0 - 1 0 2 .0 0
8 1 .0 0 - 1 0 3 .5 0
7 1 .0 0 - 1 0 1 .0 0

_
-

2
1
1

9
6
3

SECRETARIES, CLASS A -------------------------

16

3 8 .0

1 0 8 .0 0

9 7 .5 0

9 1 .0 0 -1 1 9 .5 0

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le,




-

5

~

-

2

-

-

-

7
2
5

14
8
6

13
7
6

19
15
4

12
9
3

22
20
2

9
8
1

9
6
3

3
2
1

7
5
2

6
5
1

2
2

2
2
~

5
5

3
2
1

3
3
~

-

-

1

2

5

~

1

1

1

2

-

1

-

1

1

7
Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued
(A verage straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r s elected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Scranton, Pa. , July 1967)
Weekly earning*1
(standard)

S ex , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s of-

$

Average
weekly
hours1
( standard)

*
50

Median 12

Middle range 2

and
u n d er
55

WOMEN -

SECRETARIES3 -

*
55

$

»

60

-

-

60

65

$

65

70

70

75

-

$

-

80

80

85

-

-

$

$

85

90

90

95

-

-

$

t

%

100
-

-

-

100

105

110

-

105

$

95

110

i

$

115

120

115

120

-

$

$

125

130

125

130

135

-

-

2
2

-

-

-

$

135

140

140

over

-

-

2
1

2
2

-

and

CONTINUED

CONTINUED
$

$

1 0 0 .5 0

1 0 4 .0 0

8 7 .5 0 -1 1 4 .5 0

-

-

-

2

-

3 8 .5
3 8 .5

9 9 .5 0
9 8 .5 0

9 4 .0 0
9 3 .5 0

8 4 .0 0 - 1 1 3 .0 0
8 3 .0 0 - 1 1 2 .5 0

_

-

-

1
1

1
1

3
3

SFCRETARIES. CLASS 0 -------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NCNMANUF ACTU RIN G --------------------------------

3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0

8 1 .5 0
8 5 .0 0
7 4 .0 0

8 1 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
7 4 .5 0

7 2 . 5 0 - 9 1 .0 0
7 6 . 0 0 - 9 3 .5 0
6 9 . 0 0 - 8 1 .0 0

2
1
1

8
5
3

4
1
3

11
5
6

STENOGRAPHERS* GENERAL ------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0

7 7 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
7 4 .0 0

7 4 .5 0
7 6 .0 0
7 0 .0 0

6 7 . 0 0 - 8 4 .0 0
7 1 . 5 0 - 8 1 .0 0
5 8 .5 0 - 9 2 .5 0

10
l
9

3
-

3

13
7
6

1
~

SECRETARIES*

$

75

CLASS 8 -

SECRETARIES. CLASS C
MANUFACTURING -----------

17

3 7 .0

34
31

$

$

6
-

6

-

1

1

4

-

4

2

-

3
2

6
6

2
2

2
1

2
2

2
2

1
1

12
7
5

12
8
4

7
7

10
9
1

6
5
1

2
2

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

3
3

_

-

_

_

18
13
5

18
14
4

4
4
-

6
4
2

2
2

-

1
1

1
1

_

5
4

31
28

12
9

8
3

15
14

13
9

8
8

3
2

_

2

1

9

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

1

9

4
1

-

10
10

_

1
1

-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

~

5
4

2
1

1

-

_

-

_

-

9
6

6 4 .5 0 - 9 6 .0 0

2

3

2

11

1

-

-

-

1

-

1

2

2

1

-

-

-

-

-

6 9 .0 0 - 1 0 6 .5 0

1

3

-

7

15

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

2

-

2

-

-

-

-

6 1 . 0 0 - 7 1 .0 0
6 2 .0 0 - 7 2 .0 0
5 5 . 0 0 - 6 9 .5 0

8
8

13
3
10

55
51
4

19
15
4

13
10
3

5
5
-

3
2
1

1
1

3
1
2

10
10

72
56

3 8 .0
3 8 .0

7 9 .0 0
7 9 .0 0

7 5 .0 0
7 4 .5 0

7 2 . 0 0 - 8 3 .5 0
7 2 . 0 0 - 8 3 .0 0

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTUPING --------------------------------------

56
44

3 9 .0
3 9 .0

6 7 . 50
6 7 .0 0

6 6 .5 0
6 6 .5 0

6 2 .0 0 6 2 .0 0 -

7 3 .5 0
7 3 .0 0

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATORS*
GENERAL ------------------------------------------------

26

3 9 .0

7 4 .5 0

6 8 .0 0

T Y P IS T S ,

36

3 8 .0

8 0 .5 0

7 2 .5 0

130
97
33

3 8 .0
3 8 .0
3 8 .0

6 7 .5 0
6 9 .0 0
6 3 .0 0

6 4 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
59 . 50

T Y P IS T S , CLASS B ----MANUFACTURING ---NONMANUFACTURING

-

1
5
5

-

STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

CLASS A

-

1

1

-

1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f pay f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ) , and the e a rn in g s
c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 T he m e a n is co m p u t e d f o r e a c h jo b b y to ta lin g the e a rn in g s o f a ll w o r k e r s and d iv id in g b y the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s .
T he m e d ia n d e s ig n a t e s p o s it io n — h a lf o f the e m p lo y e e s s u r v e y e d
r e c e i v e m o r e tha n th e r a t e sh ow n ; h a lf r e c e i v e le s s than the ra te sh ow n .
T h e m id d le ra n g e is d e fin e d b y 2 r a t e s o f pa y ; a fo u r t h o f th e w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s than the lo w e r o f th e s e r a t e s and
a fo u r t h e a r n m o r e than the h ig h e r r a t e .
3 M a y in c lu d e w o r k e r s o t h e r than th o s e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly .




8
Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o cc u p a tio n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , S cra n ton , P a ., J u ly 1967)
Weekly"eamingsT”
(standard)

S ex . o c c u p a t io n , and in d u str y d iv is io n

N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f—
S

Average
weekly
hours1
(standard)

$

80
U nder
*
and
80
u n d er
85

$

$

$

i

i

$

t

i

i

i

i

5

85

90

95

1 00

105

110

115

120

125

1 30

135

140

145

150

1 ------155

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

1 25

1 30

135

140

1 45

1 50

1 55

over

1

5

9

9

7

5

1

1

3

11

13

15

16

18

14

18

4

-

-

-

-

1
1

1
1

$

and

MEN

DRAFTSMEN.

CLASS A

37

4 0 .0

S
$
1 4 2 .0 0 1 4 2 .0 0

$
$
1 3 7 .0 0 -

1 4 8 .0 0

DRAFTSMEN.

CLASS B

113

4 0 .0

1 1 8 .0 0

1 1 9 .5 0

1 1 0 .0 0 -

1 2 8 .0 0

DRAFTSMEN. CLASS C
MANUFACTURING —

49
41

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

9 6 .0 0
9 5 .5 0

9 6 .0 0
9 7 .0 0

9 1 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 -

1 0 2 .5 0 2
1 0 2 .5 0 2

19
19

3 9 .5
3 9 .5

9 8 .0 0
9 8 .0 0

9 8 .5 0
9 8 .5 0

9 0 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 -

1 0 8 .5 0 1
1 0 8 .5 0 1

5
5

2
1

15
11

5
5

16
16

3
3

3
3

2
2

1
1

WCMEN

NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

4
4

3
3

1
1

1 S ta n da rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m
e a rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 F o r d e fin itio n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o t n o t e 2, ta b le A - l .




r a t e s ),

and the

9
Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , S cr a n to n , P a ., J u ly 1967)
Average
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard' (standard)
Weekly

Average
Number

O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS

23

O
O
■4-

6 1 .0 0

BILLE RS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE! ------------------------------------------------------

21

3 7 .0

6 8 .5 0

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
CLASS B --------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

62
16
46

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5

6 4 .5 0
7 1 .0 0
6 2 .5 0

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A --------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NGNMANUF A C T U R IN G --------------------------------

56
30
26

3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5

1 0 3 .5 0
9 8 .0 0
1 0 9 .5 0

CLERKS. ACCOUNTING, CLASS B --------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

147
93
54

3 7 .0
3 7 .0
3 7 .5

7 4 .5 0
6 9 .5 0
8 3 .0 0

CLERKS, F I L E , CLASS C ---------------------------NQNMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

100
69

3 8 .5
3 9 .5

7 4 .0 0
7 9 .5 0

CLERKS, ORDER --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

122
97

3 7 .5
3 7 .0

7 3 .5 0
7 5 .0 0

CLERKS, PAYROLL ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

91
73
18

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .0

7 8 .0 0
7 9 .0 0
7 4 .0 0

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ---------------

39

3 7 .5

8 5 .0 0

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -

CONTINUED

KEYPUNCH,OPERATORS* CLASS B --------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NCNMANUF ACTURING--------------------------

13 0
71

OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLS-----------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------SECRETARIES2------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

106
42

3 8 .5
3 8 .0
3 9 .5

' $
7 9 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
8 9 . 00

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5

6 9 .0 0
6 1 .5 0
7 7 .5 0

3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5

9 1 .5 0
9 4 .0 0
8 5 .0 0

3 8 .0

1 0 8 .0 0

SECRETARIES, CLASS B --------------------

3 7 .0

1 0 0 .5 0

SECRETARIES, CLASS C -------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

3 8 .5
3 8 .5

9 9 .5 0
9 8 .5 0

SECRETARIES, CLASS C -------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0

8 1 .5 0
8 5 .0 0
7 4 .0 0

STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 8 .0

7 7 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
7 4 .0 0

STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ---------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------

3 8 .0
3 8 .0

7 9 .0 0
7 9 .0 0

SECRETARIES,

O c c u p a t io n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

CLASS A --------------------

i

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)

CONTINUED
3 9 .0
3 9 .0

$
6 7 .5 0
6 7 .0 0

23

o
o

BILLE RS, MACHINE (BILLIN G
MACHINE! -------------------------------------------------------

of

1 0 8 .0 0

26

3 9 .0

7 4 .5 0

CLASS A ------------------------------------

39

3 8 .5

8 2 .0 0

T Y P IS T S , CLASS B ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------NQNMANUFACTURING--------- :--------------------

130
97
33

3 8 .0
3 8 .0
3 8 .0

6 7 .5 0
6 9 .0 0
6 3 .0 0

SWITCHBOARD OPERA TOR-RECEPTION I STSMANUFACTURING ------------------------------------

56
44

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATORS.
CLASS B -----------------------------------------------------TRANSCRI RING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
GENERAL -----------------------------------------------------T Y P IS T S ,

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS

DRAFTSMEN,

CLASS A --------------------------

37

DRAFTSMEN.

CLASS B --------------------------

115

4 0 .0

1 1 8 .0 0

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

51
42

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

9 5 .5 0
9 5 .5 0

NURSES, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED!
MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

19
19

3 9 .5
3 9 .5

9 8 .0 0
9 8 .0 0

o
o

Number
of
woikers

O c c u p a t io n and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n

1 4 2 .0 0

J1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r
c o r r e s p o n d to th e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
2 M a y in c lu d e w o r k e r s o t h e r than th o se p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a te ly .




s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s (e x c l u s i v e o f pa y f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m

ra te s),

and the ea rn in g s

10
Tabic A-4.

Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s fo r m en in s e le cte d occu p a tio n s studied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s try d iv is io n , Scran ton , P a ., July 1967)
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f—

Hourly earnings 1

$
2 .1 0

$
2 .2 0

$
2 .3 0

$
2 .4 0

$
2 .5 0

$
2 .6 0

$
2 . 70

$
$
2 . 80 2 .9 0

$
3 .0 0

ii
3 .1 0 '

$
3 .2 0

*
3 .3 0

$
3 .4 0

$
3 .5 0

$
3 •60

$
3 .7 0

$
3 .8 0

$
3 .9 0

S
4 .0 0

$
4 .1 0

2 .1 0

2 .2 0

2 .3 0

2 .4 0

2 .5 0

2 .6 0

2 .7 0

2 . 80

2 .9 0

3 .0 0

3 .1 0

I> .2 0

3 .3 0

3 .4 0

3 .5 0

3 .6 0

3 .7 0

3 .8 0

3 .9 0

4 .0 0

4*10

over

~

~

•

~

“

2

2

1

1

1

2

2

3

1

“

-

~

1

_

_

_

_

-

-

11
11

16
16

5
5

2
2

2
2

-

4
4

-

~

16
16

-

-

7
6

_

-

2
2

”

2
2

1
1

9
2

1
1

-

-

12
10

3
3

4
4

1
1

-

-

3
3

-

-

17
17

19
19

14
14

1
1

10
10

-

-

-

-

-

~

38
38

-

“

_

_

_
_

6
1
1

~

2
2
2

1
1
1

1
1
l

1
1
1

7
7
7

5
5
5

38
38
38

1
-

_

-

2
~

_

-

-

-

-

-

12
11

15
15

4
4

-

-

1
1

-

-

12
12

-

*

1
1

1
1

6
4

-

-

-

2
2

-

-

-

-

“

*

~

~

31
31

72
72

12
12

%
2 .0 0

O c c u p a t io n an d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n
jrkers

M e an 2

MAINTENANCE -------

16

$
3 ,0 0

E L E C T R IC IA N S , MAINTENANCE —
MANUFACTURING -----------------------

77
69

3 .1 5
3 .0 6

CARPENTERS,

M edian 2

Middle range 2

$
3 .0 8

$
2 .7 3 -

$
3 .2 6

3 .0 2
2 .9 9

2 .8 7 2 .8 6 -

3 .3 8
3 .1 3

$
2 •0 0

_

and
under

“

HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRADES
MANUFACTURING -----------------------

22
20

2 .3 1
2 .3 0

2 .3 7
2 .3 8

2 .3 2 2 .3 2 -

2 .4 8
2 .4 9

2
2

M A C H IN IST S, MAINTENANCE ------MANUFACTURING -----------------------

103
103

3 .0 6
3 .0 6

3 .0 6
3 .0 6

2 .9 6 2 .9 6 -

3 .1 9
3 .1 9

-

_

-

-

~

“

—

“

MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
(MAINTENANCE) ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 3-----------

80
69
69

3 .3 2
3 . 38
3 .3 8

3 .6 9
3 . 71
3 .7 1

2 .9 4 3 .3 5 3 .3 5 -

3 .7 5
3 .7 6
3 .7 6

_

_

_

-

-

~

-

~

10
10
10

MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE --------MANUFACTURING -----------------------

106
95

3 .0 2
3 .0 2

2 .9 0
2 .9 2

2 .8 4 2 .8 5 -

3 .1 0
3 .0 9

_

_

_

_

-

~

-

-

“

O ILER S ---------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------

27
27

2 .3 8
2 .3 8

2 .4 3
2 .4 3

2 .2 5 2 .2 5 -

2 .4 9
2 .4 9

2
2

4
4

_

2
2

3
3

167
167

3 .4 4
3. 44

3 .4 2
3 .4 2

3 .3 2 3 .3 2 -

3 .4 8
3 .4 8

TOOL ANO D IE MAKERS ---------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------

1 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s ,
2 F o r d e f i n i t i o n o f t e r m s , s e e f o o t n o t e 2, t a b le A - l .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .

““

h o lid a y s ,

Table A-5.

-

-

"

'

and la t e

'

"

~

10
10

-

_

6
3
3

“

1
1

9
1

44
44

-

4
4

-

-

~

“

~

~
2
2

2
2

32
32

“

-

—

-

-

“

“

-

-

-

-

9
9

7
7

'

s h ift s .

Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

( A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s t u d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s i s
b y i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n , S c r a n t o n , P a ., J u ly 1967)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f—

Hourly earnings 2
Number
of
workers

O c c u p a t i o n 1 a n d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

r m o n c

a ki

ft

u iT P u u rii

bU AK U j ANU MA 1v n n tN

...

.. ..............

.

.

UA
AfUl
AL
T T1 lUl D
H
WUIC
r A
n Tl K
l iibr

NCNMANUF A C T U R IN G ------------------------------------GUARDS:
MANUFACTURING

--------------------------------------------

1IU
A5
C
84
21

28

$
1 .5 0

$
1 .6 0

$
1 .7 0

S
1 .8 0

S
1 .9 0

$
2 .0 0

$
2 .1 0

$
2 .2 0

$
2 .3 0

$

$

%

%

%

%

$

2 .6 0

2 .7 0

2 .8 0

2 .9 0

3 . 10

S
3 .2 0

$

2 .5 0

$
3 .0 0

%

2 .4 0

3 .3 0

3 .4 0

3 .6 0

1 .5 0

1 .6 0

1 .7 0

1 .8 0

1 .9 0

2 .0 0

2 .1 0

2 .2 0

2 .3 0

2 .4 0

2 .5 0

2 .6 0

2 .7 0

2 .8 0

2 .9 0

3 .0 0

3 .1 0

3 .2 0

3 .3 0

3 .4 0

3 .6 0

3 .8 0

2

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

U n der
$
an d
1 .4 0 u n d e r

M ean3

M edian 3

$
11 • o
O l1

$
Q c1
i1 t o

1 .8 2
1 .7 6

$
i1 i HA *f7*_
11 • A o
Q—
_

1 .5 9

1 .4 4 -

*), • A
A
C
UU
2 .2 5

3

27
7

2 .2 2

2 .3 2

1 .9 9 -

2 .3 6

-

-

1 .4 5 -

1 .8 4

1* 0 4

Middle range3

S
1 .4 0

$
O AC
a *U D

0
c

1

24
23
1

i

-

-

-

i

7

S ee fo o tn o te s

1 .6 2

a t e n d o f t a b le .




22

-

1A

lo
lo

l

3
2
1

2

2

16

£

2

WATCHMEN:
I1AAJI
AT
n
A f l U1C
r A
U T1 H
U Or iTlK
Vir
b

TL
3

—

%

c

11
Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued
(A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division , Scranton, P a ., July 1967)
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s of—

Hourly earnings

O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

M ean3

M edian3

Middle range3

$
1 . 5 4 - 2 .2 0
1 . 6 6 - 2 .2 2
1 . 4 5 - 2 .0 3
2 . 1 3 - 2 .6 6

$
1 .9 1
1 .9 8
1 .7 3
2 .3 5

$
1 .9 3
2 .1 1
1 .6 8
2 .3 6

$

347
242
105
20

JANITORS. PORTERS, ANC CLEANERS
CWOMEN) -------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING--------------------------------

60
24
36

1 .4 3
1 .5 8
1 .3 4

1 .4 7
1 .5 6
1 .4 4

1 . 4 1 - 1 .6 0
1 . 4 7 - 1 .7 4
1 . 0 9 - 1 .4 8

LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING --------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING - - ---------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ----------------------------

5 25
2 22
3 03
178

2 .5 0
2 .1 1
2 . 79
3 .4 1

2 .3 2
2 . 14
3 .4 1
3 .4 5

2 . 0 1 - 3 .4 2
2 . 0 3 - 2 .2 9
1 . 6 9 - 3 .4 5
3 . 4 2 - 3 .4 7

ORDER FILLERS ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------

249
81

2 .2 6
2 .0 2

2 . 16
2 . 11

2 . 1 2 - 2 .6 2
1 . 9 2 - 2 .1 6

PACKERS, SHIPPING -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

152
140

2 .0 9
2 . 14

2 .1 5
2 . 16

1 . 8 6 - 2 .2 6
2 . 1 0 - 2 .3 0

-

PACKERS, SHIPPING (WOMEN) ------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------

84
54

1 .9 1
1 .9 7

1 .8 7
2 .0 4

1 .6 9 1 .7 8 -

-

RECEIVING CLERKS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING----- ---------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

48
26
22

2 .3 3
2 .2 3
2 .4 4

2 .2 6
2 .2 3
2 .4 0

2 . 0 9 - 2 .5 8
2 . 0 8 - 2 .3 8
2 . 1 8 - 2 .7 8

SHIPPING CLERKS ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

73
61

2 .4 2
2 . 40

2 .5 2
2 .4 9

2 .2 5 2 .2 6 -

SHIPPING ANC RECEIVING CLFRKS ---------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

50
39

2 .2 0
2 . 10

2 . 21
2 .0 8

1 . 7 7 - 2 .4 8
1 . 7 7 - 2 .3 4

TRUCKORIVERS7 --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING - - ---------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ----------------------------

501
48
4 53
3 67

3 .1 3
2 .7 6
3 . 17
3 .3 8

3 . 12
2 .5 5
3 .1 8
3 .5 2

3 . 0 0 - 3 .5 7
2 . 1 6 - 3 .6 4
3 . 0 2 - 3 .5 7
3 . 0 7 - 3 .5 8

2 .6 6
2 .6 4

TRUCKORIVERS. LIGHT (UNDER
1 - 1 / 2 TONS) ------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

49
27

2 .6 5
2 .0 4

2 .4 9
1 .7 9

1 . 7 8 - 3 .6 4
1 . 7 4 - 2 .4 5

TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TO
AND INCLUDING 4 TCNS) --------------------MANUFACTURING--------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 1
56
4
3
2
----------------------------

166
22
1 44
134

3 .1 1
2 .2 1
3 .2 5
3 .3 1

3 .0 8
2 .1 6
3 .0 9
3 .5 0

3 . 0 1 - 3 .5 5
2 . 1 1 - 2 .3 4
3 . 0 4 - 3 .5 5
3 . 0 5 - 3 .5 6

TRUCKERS, POWER (F O RK LIF T ) ----------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

194
170
24

2 .4 7
2 .4 6
2 .5 4

2 .4 0
2 .4 0
2 .3 0

2 .3 0 2 .3 1 2 .2 4 -

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

2 .6 7
2 .6 7
2 .7 0

$

$

$

$

$

1 .9 0

2 .1 0

1
$
2*.• 70 2 . 8 0

*
2 .9 0

$

1 .8 0

t
2 .6 0

$

1 .7 0

$
1
1;
1;
2 . 20 2! . 30 2!• 40 2!• 50

$

1 .6 0

t
2 .0 0

$

1 . 50

3 .0 0

3 .1 0

3 .2 0

S
3 .3 0

t
3 .4 0

$
3 .6 0

1 .5 0

1 .6 0

1 .7 0

1 .8 0

1 .9 0

2 .0 0

2 .1 0

2 .2 0

2 . 3 0 2! . 4 0

2 .7 0

2> .80 2 . 9 0

3 .0 0

3 . 10 3 . 20 3 .3 0

3 .4 0

3 .6 0

3 .8 0

11
11

-

U n der
$
and
1 .4 0 u n d er

JANITORS. PORTERS. ANC CLEANERS -----MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NCNMANUF ACTURI NO - - ---------------------------PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ----------------------------

2 .1 5
2 .1 5

s
1 .4 0

15
4 15

68
47
21

“

~

6 10

30
9
21

6
6

41
23
18

-

-

10
_
-

_
_

9
4
5

33
17
16
1

17
4
13

29
26
3

“

“

5
2
3

4
4

2
1
1

1
1

~

34
3
31

33
4
29

4
2
2

4
4

10
9
1

41
40
1

61
61

-

7
5

2
2

9
9

12
12

6
6

135
45

14
14

4
3

7
7

2
2

3
3

16
4

13
13

9
9

-

2
2
8
5

8

7
“

-

_

_

-

-

1
1

_

-

-

_

-

~

66
65
1

1

1
1

-

-

4
4

31
24

l

2

1

8
7
1

4
4

12
6
6

3
3

1
1

-

-

3
3

3
3

10
10

7
7

4
4
_
-

1

_

_
-

1
1

_

-

7
3

-

2
2

5
5

1
1

5
5

8
8

1

14
14

44

-

44
“

5
3
2
2

_

_

2

-

1
1

3
3

-

2

13

-

-

1

~

~

~

~

_

_

13
13

_

1
1

_
-

~

1
1

3
3

-

_

_

12
12

-

2
-

2
_

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
1

1
1

-

30
30

1

_

11
9

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

3

-

11

-

4
4

-

_

-

9

9
9

7
7

2
1
1

39
27
12

5
5

31
4
27

11

63
63

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
2

20

”

-

_

5

75

_

-

~

_

3

2
2

-

-

-

*■

-

_

_

13

3
-

_

-

-

6
6

-

-

16
13

12
8
4

-

-

-

1
1

3
3
-

33
30
3

-

-

1

14
8
6
6

28
23
5
5

_

_

l

1

"

l

36
35

_

D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e re o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d .
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s .
F o r d e fin it io n o f t e r m s , s e e fo o t n o t e 2, ta b le A - l .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 12 at $ 1 to $ 1. 10; and 3 at $ 1 .1 0 to $ 1 .2 0 .
T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 1 to $ 1. 10.
In clu d e s a ll d r i v e r s , a s d e fin e d , r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and ty p e o f tru c k o p e r a t e d .




13
7
6
1

-

_

"

12
7
5
3

2! • 50 2> .6 0

-

21
3
18

5
3
2
2

9
1
8

49
49

22
22

“

3

3

-

2

-

1

3

~

2

“

1

9
9

19
18

3
2

4

1
“

2
1

-

~

_

-

8
3

1
“

2
1

6
6

2
2

2

8

-

-

-

-

2
2

8

_
-

“

_

6

_

”

_
-

-

-

36
30
6

1
1

-

164
164

-

127
-

-

1

-

l

~

-

-

-

~

~

1

-

-

“

~

~

13

-

-

-

-

-

-

”

165
-

"

127
127

13
13

”

1 65
1 65

_

_

_

_

_

_

“

—

~

“

74
16
58
58

16

63

_

_

_

60

8

1

-

-

-

-

l

-

63
63

60
60

8
8

1
1

-

-

-

-

l

-

28
27
1

-

-

_

2
2

-

164

1

3

5
4

~

10
10

_

-

-

-

5
5

-

-

3

_

-

-

-

-

3

12
B.

E stablishm ent P ractices and Supplem entary Wage P rovisions

Table B-l.

Minimum Entrance Salaries for W omen Office Workers

(D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s
o f in e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 1967)
O th er in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 2

In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts
M a n u fa c t u r in g
M in im u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y 1

B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f—

A ll
i n d u s t r ie s

A ll
s c h e d u le s

A ll
s c h e d u le s

40

37 Vz

A ll
sc h e d u le s

40

40

A ll
sc h e d u le s

37 V z

XXX

XXX

40

57

XXX

44

4

5

48

27

20

21

5

14

1
2
1

1
1
1

2
3
18
13
5
-

3

2
2
1
-

1
6
2
1
1

4

11
3
4
1
1

2
2
6
5
1
-

2

1
12
8
4
1
1

XXX

7

3

XXX

4

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

45

27

XXX

18

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

XXX

1

XXX

XXX

57

XXX

44

XXX

E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m in i m u m _________________

25

15

9

10

u n d e r $ 5 2 .5 0 _______________________________________
u n d e r $ 5 5 .0 0 _______________________________________
u n d e r $ 5 7 .5 0 _______________________________________
u n d e r $ 6 0 .0 0 _______________________________________
u n d e r $ 6 2 .5 0 _______________________________________
u n d e r $ 6 5 .0 0 _______________________________________
u n d e r $ 6 7 .5 0 _______________________________________
o v e r __________________________________________________

1
1
5
10
3

5
7
2

4
2
2

-

-

-

1
1
3
1
-

2

1

1

2

3

E s t a b li s h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ________________

4

3

XXX

1

E s t a b li s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s
in t h is c a t e g o r y ___________________________________________________

71

39

XXX

32

D ata n o t a v a i l a b l e ___________________________________________________

1

XXX

1

2
XXX

T h e s e s a l a r i e s r e l a t e t o f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d m in im u m s t a r t in g (h ir in g ) r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s that a r e p a id f o r
E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h a s m e s s e n g e r o r o f f i c e g i r l .
D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , an d f o r th e m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d .




N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g

B a s e d on sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f-

101

101

an d
and
an d
and
and
an d
and
an d

A ll
in d u s t r ie s

XXX

E s t a b li s h m e n t s s t u d ie d ____________________________________________

$ 5 0 .0 0
$ 5 2 .5 0
$ 5 5 .0 0
$ 5 7 .5 0
$ 6 0 .0 0
$ 6 2 .5 0
$ 6 5 .0 0
$ 6 7 .5 0

M a n u fa c t u r in g

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

3

sta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s .

2

3




13

Table B-2.

Shift Differentials

(S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s o f m a n u fa c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s b y t y p e a n d a m o u n t o f d i f f e r e n t i a l ,
S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 196 7)
P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c t u r i n g p la n t w o r k e r s —

S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l

In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f o r m a l
p r o v is io n s 1 fo r —
S e c o n d s h i ft
w ork

T h ir d o r o th e r
s h i ft w o r k

A c t u a l l y w o r k in g o n —

S e c o n d s h i ft

T o t a l _____________________________________________________

6 2 .9

5 0 .4

W ith s h i f t p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l __________________________

4 7 .4

U n i f o r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) _______________________

3 8 .8
.8
3 .8
.9

.8
.3
4 .9
.2
1.9
.2
.2
1 .4

T h ir d o r o t h e r
s h i ft

1 5 .9

6 .1

5 0 .4

1 1 .8

6 .1

3 6 .6

1 0 .0

3 .8

5 c e n t s __________________________________________
7 V2 c e n t s ________________________________________
8 c e n t s __________________________________________
9 c e n t s __________________________________________
10 c e n t s __________________________________________
102/ 3 c e n t s _______________________________________
12 c e n t s
_____ _______________________________
15 c e n t s __________________________________________
16 c e n t s __________________________________________
18 c e n t s __________________________________________
28 c e n t s __________________________________________

1 9 .0
.5
7 .5
.5
.8
4 .9
-

.8
1.1
2 .9
6 .7
2 3 .5
1.5

-

.4
1.5
1.5
.3

U n i f o r m p e r c e n t a g e ______________________________

8 .6

8 .3

1 .8

1 .4

5 p e r c e n t ________________________________________
7 p e r c e n t ________________________________________
10 p e r c e n t _______________________________________

2 .8
5 .8

1.9
6 .4

.5
1 .4

1.0

-

5 .5

-

.9

O t h e r f o r m a l p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ___________________
W ith n o s h ift p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ______________________

-

-

4 .1

1 5 .5
'

1
I n c l u d e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e
e v e n th o u g h t h e y w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g la t e s h i f t s .

.5

s h i f t s , a n d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s

'

c o v e r i n g la t e

s h i ft s

14

Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p la n t a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a ll i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s 1
o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s

O ffice w o r k e r s

W e e k ly h o u r s
A ll in d u s tr ie s

A ll w o r k e r s .

-------

—

—

---------------

----------

U n d e r 35 h o u r s — ------- ---------- ------- -------------35 h o u r s ______________ __________________________________
O v e r 35 a n d u n d e r 3772 h o u r s -----------------------------3772 h o u r s ------------ — — ------------- ------- — ----3 8 3/t h o u r s ------------- ---------------------------------- ---------40 h o u r s ________________________________________________
O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 48 h o u r s ---------------------------------4ft V im v rs _ .
50 h o u r s ____________________________________ ___ —

1
2
3
4
5

100

( 5)
10
1
11
-

74
3
1
1

2

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 1
3
2

A ll in d u s t r ie s 4

100

100

100

100

12
1
12

-

14
7
19

21
8
11

M a n u fa c t u r in g

-

-

-

74

95

-

-

1

1

5

-

(5)

59

M a n u fa c t u r in g

100

1
-

21
1
77

-

60

-

( 5)

S c h e d u le d h o u r s a r e th e w e e k l y h o u r s w h ic h a m a j o r i t y o f th e f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s w e r e e x p e c t e d t o w o r k , w h e th e r t h e y w e r e p a id f o r at s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r o v e r t i m e
I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v is i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .
I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .




P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3

-

ra tes.

15

Table B-4. Paid Holidays
(P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y n u m ber o f paid h olid a y s
p ro v id e d ann ually, Scran ton , P a ., Ju ly 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s

O ffic e w o r k e r s

Item
A ll i n d u s t r ie s 1

A l l w o r k e r s _____________________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
p a id h o l i d a y s _________________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
n o p a id h o l i d a y s _____________________________________

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 1
2

A ll in d u s tr ie s 3

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b lic u t il it i e s 2

100

100

100

100

100

100

92

99

99

100

( 4)

( 4)

-

( 4)
(4 )
2
13
10
1
12
1
3
16
4
11
16
7
2
1

_
(4 )
3
4
1
1
19
1
6
13
7
9
21
13
-

6
-

91

95

8

9

5

(4)
3
2
12
6
24
2
4
14
1
4
19
1

4
3
4
7
28
3
5
11
2
5
20
"

3
59
23
10

N um ber of days
3 h o l id a y s
_
_ ..
_
4 h o lid a y s
..... .
. _
5 h o l i d a y s _______________________________________________
6 h o l id a y s
6 h o l id a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y
_
6 h o l id a y s p lu s 3 h a lf d a y s _________________________
7 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
7 h o l id a y s p lu s 1 h a l f d a y ___________________________
7 h o l i d a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s _________________________
8 h o l i d a y s ________________________ ____________________
8 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ___________________________
8 h o l id a y s p lu s 2 h a l f d a y s _________________________
9 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________
9 h o l i d a y s p lu s 1 h a l f d a y ___________________________
10 h o l i d a y s _____________________________________________
12 h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________

-

“

(4 )
1
46
-

30
16

"

T o t a l h o l id a y t im e 5
12 d a y s __________________________________________________
10 d a y s o r m o r e _______________________________________
9Vz d a y s o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------9 d a y s o r m o r e ________________________________________
8 V2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________
8 d a y s o r m o r e ________________________________________
7 V2 d a y s o r m o r e _____________________________________
7 d a y s o r m o r e __________________________ ___________
6 V2 d a y s o r m o r e -------------------------------------------------------6 d a y s o r m o r e ________________________________________
5 d a y s o r m o r e ________________________________________
4 d a y s o r m o r e ________________________________________
3 d a y s o r m o r e ________________________________________

_

_

-

1
1
24
25
43
45
69
75
87
89
91
92

-

10
10
33
33
92
92
95
95
95
95
95
95

-

25
27
43
46
74
82
85
88
91
91

1
4
10
37
41
61
62
75
85
98
98
98
99

_
-

1 I n c l u d e s d a ta f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s .
3 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; an d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
5 A l l c o m b i n a t i o n s o f f u l l a n d h a lf d a y s th a t a d d to the s a m e a m o u n t a r e c o m b i n e d ; f o r e x a m p le , th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l o f 9 d a y s in c lu d e s
a n d n o h a lf d a y s , 8 f u l l d a y s a n d 2 h a l f d a y s , 7 fu l l d a y s and 4 h a lf d a y s , an d s o o n .
P r o p o r t i o n s th e n w e r e c u m u la t e d .




16
16
46
46
92
93
94
94
100
100
100
100

13
43
50
70
72
91
92
97
98
99
99

th o se

w ith 9 f u l l d a y s

16

Table B-5.

Paid Vacations'

(P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f plant and o f fic e w o r k e r s in all in d u s trie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by v a c a tio n pay
p r o v is io n s , S cran ton , P a. , July 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s

O ffice w o r k e r s

V a c a t io n p o l i c y
A ll in d u s tr ie s 2

A ll w o r k e r s -

---------------------------------------------------------------

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t il it i e s 3

A ll i n d u s t r i e s 4

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3

100

100

100

100

100

100

99
66
32
1

99
58
40
1

100
100
-

99
99
1
-

100
98
2

100
100
-

1

1

39
25
7
-

44
23
9
-

57
9
20
9
4

54
11
17
11
5

92
5
3
-

40
17
27
9
6

M eth od o f p a y m en t
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
p a id v a c a t i o n s -----------------------------------------------------------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ------------------------------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t --------------------------------------------O t h e r --------------------------- ------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
no p a id v a c a t i o n s ------------------------------------------------------

-

(5 )

A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n pay 6
A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v i c e
U n d e r 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------------------1 w e e k _____________________________________________ ___
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 w e e k s ________________________________________________

_

8
58
8
1

10
57
9
3

5
21
17

22
1
76

62
20
18
-

-

27
4
69
( 5)
1

39
21
20
11
7

48
5
47

9
5
84

8
2
87

(5)
1

( 5)
2

18
19
46
9
6

19
23
37
11
8

5
5
90

7
1
88
1
2

7
2
85
2
5

18
17
48
9
6

19
21
39
11
8

90
-

7
1
88
1
2

7
2
85
2

98
_

5

-

9
2
61
12
15

9
2
59
15
13

95
_

2
75
1
22

2
71

31
2
“

-

A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________________________
2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------

( 5)
1

-

A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________________________
2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------- --------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ________________ ______
3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------

-

-

10
28
62
_
-

A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________

-

"

2
-

98
-

A fte r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k ____________ ____________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -------- ---------------------------2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________

5

5

-

2
-

A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w e e k _____
.... _
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________________________
2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s _______ _________________
3 w e e k s __ __

See footn otes at end of table.




_
5

( 5)

( 5)
27

_
84
16

17

Table B-5.

Paid Vacations1— Continued

(P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n o f plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s in all in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a c a tio n pay
p r o v is io n s , S cran ton , P a . , July 1967)
O ffice w o r k e r s

P la n t w o r k e r s
V a c a tio n p o lic y
A ll in d u s t r ie s 2

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3

A ll i n d u s t r i e s 4

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3

A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 6— C o n t in u e d
A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 w e e k s ________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s __________________________
3 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s __________________________
4 w e e k s _________________________________________________

6
2
34
22
34
1

8
2
34
27
27
1

_
40
10
49
-

1
37
5
55
1
1

1
36
6
52
2
3

36
16
48
-

6
2
31
22
36
1

8
2
31
28
29
1

_
35

1
28
7
61
1
1

1
26
8
60
2
3

16
20
64

6
2
26
9
50
4
2

8
2
26
11
46
4
1

5
77
18

1
15

1
15
1
76
7

6
2
25
9
35
2
19

8
2
25
11
36
2
14

5
14
10
71

6
2
25
9
31
25
1

8
2
25
11
31
21

_

~

A f t e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k _______________ ________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s
3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s
------------------------------------4 w e e k s ------------------------- ----------------------------------------------

( 5)
65
-

-

-

A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k ----------------------- ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________________________
2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s
________________________
3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

-

( 5)
78
1
5

-

7
91
2

A f te r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k _________________________________________ ________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 w e e k s ________________________________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s
------------------------------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------

1
15
( 5)
54
5
25

1
14
1
60
-

24

7
10
36
47

A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k -----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________________________
2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------^
......
4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s -------------------------- -----------

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

15

14
1
34
50

7

-

5
2
83
10

(5)
33
48
3

6
2
25
9
31
25
1

8
2
25
11
31
21
-

5
2
82
10

1
15

(5)

(5)

-

-

2
75
16

A f te r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e
1 w e e k ___________________________________________________
O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s __________________________
2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------3 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------------------------------5 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le.




1

(5)
33
45
2
4

1
14
1
34
44
6

-

7
2
75
16
( 5)

18

Table B-5.

Paid Vacations1---- Continued

(P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f plant and o f fic e w o r k e r s in all in d u s tr ie s and in industry d iv isio n s by v a ca tio n pay
p r o v is io n s , Scran ton , Pa. , July 1967)
O ffic e w o r k e r s

P la n t w o r k e r s
V a c a t io n p o l i c y
A ll in d u s t r i e s 1
2

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3

A ll in d u s t r ie s 4

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3

_

A m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n p a y 6— C o n t in u e d
M a x im u m v a c a t i o n a v a il a b l e
1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s _______ _________________
2 w e e k s _________________________________________________
O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------3 w e e k s ------------------- --------------------------------------------------4 w e e k s __ ------------------------------------------ ---------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------------------------------5 w e e k s - __________ ___ _____ _________ ___ __ ____ _____
O v e r 6 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------------------

6
2
25
9
31
25
1

8
2
25
11
31
21
-

( 5)

( 5)

-

1

1

-

-

-

-

15

5
2
82
10
1

( 5)
33
45
2
3
1

14
1
34
44
-

6

1 I n c l u d e s b a s i c p la n s o n l y .
E x c l u d e s p la n s s u c h a s v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s a n d t h o s e p la n s w h ic h o f f e r " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e fit s b e y o n d b a s i c p la n s t o w o r k e r s
of s e r v ice .
T y p i c a l o f s u c h e x c l u s i o n s a r e p la n s in th e s t e e l , a lu m in u m , a n d c a n i n d u s t r i e s .
2 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v is i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
6 I n c lu d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " l e n g t h o f t im e , " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d to a n e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le , a
o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 w e e k 's p a y .
P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e c h o s e n a r b i t r a r i l y a n d d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n .
F or
in p r o p o r t i o n s in d ic a t e d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s .
E s tim a te s a re cu m u la tiv e .
T h u s , th e p r o p o r t i o n e l i g i b l e f o r
a ft e r 10 y e a r s in c lu d e s t h o s e e l i g i b l e f o r 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a ft e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .




-

7
-

2
75
16
( 5)

w it h q u a l if y i n g

le n g t h s

paym ent o f 2 p e rce n t
e x a m p le , th e c h a n g e s
3 w eeks' pay o r m o re

19

Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans
( P e r c e n t o f p la n t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r ie s and in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s e m p l o y e d in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g
h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e f i t s , 1 S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s

O ffic e w o r k e r s

T y p e o f b e n e fit
A ll in d u s t r i e s 4

M a n u fa c t u r in g

100

100

100

100

92

100

95

93

99

50

80

68

67

54

85

87

81

88

93

87

S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ___________
S ic k l e a v e ( f u l l p a y an d no
w a it in g p e r i o d ) _______________________________
S ic k le a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r
w a it in g p e r i o d ) _______________________________

79

87

39

70

88

41

9

2

13

56

44

75

4

2

31

4

2

8

H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e _______________________
S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________________
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ________________________________
C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ___________________________
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n _______________________________
N o h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p la n _______

94
92
76
36
58
3

96
95
79
33
60
4

88
88
88
95
80

96
95
79
61
70
1

96
96
79
65
74
2

92
92
92
99
88

A l l w o r k e r s _____________________________________________

A ll in d u s t r ie s 1
2

M a n u fa c t u r in g

100

100

90
53

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 3

P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id i n g :
L i f e i n s u r a n c e _____________________________________
A c c i d e n t a l d e a t h and d i s m e m b e r m e n t
i n s u r a n c e __________________________________________
S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r
s i c k le a v e o r b o t h 5. _____________________________

”

(6 )

1 I n c l u d e s t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h a t l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t t h o s e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n ,
s o c i a l s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .
2 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
3 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s .
4 I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; fin a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k le a v e o r s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e l o w .
S ic k le a v e p la n s a r e li m it e d to t h o s e w h ic h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l is h
at l e a s t
the m in i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e .
I n f o r m a l s i c k l e a v e a ll o w a n c e s d e t e r m in e d o n an in d iv id u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
6 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .




20

Table B-7.

Premium Pay for Overtime W ork

(P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s in all in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by o v e r tim e p r e m iu m pay
p r o v is io n s , Scran ton , P a ., July 1967)
P la n t w o r k e r s

O ffice w o r k e r s

P r e m iu m p a y p o l i c y
A ll in d u s t r i e s 1

A l l w o r k e r s — ---------------------------------------------------------------

100

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 1
2

A ll i n d u s t r ie s 3

M a n u fa c t u r in g

P u b l ic u t i l i t i e s 2

100

100

100

100

100

M a n u fa c t u r in g

D a i ly o v e r t i m e at p r e m iu m r a t e s
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s h a v in g
p r o v i s i o n s f o r d a i ly o v e r t i m e p a y 4
at p r e m iu m r a t e s -----------------------------------------------------

74

78

92

54

66

64

74

78

92

54

66

64

8
1
5
60

10
1
7
61

1

-

-----------

26

22

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s h a v in g
p r o v is io n s fo r w e e k ly o v e r t im e p a y 4
at p r e m iu m r a t e s --------------- -------------------------------------

100

100

100

100

100

100

8
1
8
83
1

10
1
10
80

T im e an d o n e - h a l f -----------------------------------------------E ffe c t iv e a fte r;
7 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------l lU h o u r s ---------------------- ---------------- ----------7 V2 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------8 h o u r s _______________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s h a v in g no
p r o v i s i o n s f o r d a i ly o v e r t i m e p a y
at p r e m iu m r a t e s 6 -----------------------------------

-

( 5)

-

-

-

6
47

6
59

21
43

46

34

36

99

100

100

99

100

100

-

1

1

-

(5)
7
90

( 5)
8
91

-

92

W e e k ly o v e r t i m e at p r e m iu m r a t e s

T im e an d o n e - h a l f -----------------------------------------------E f f e c t i v e a ft e r :
35 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 5 a n d u n d e r 3 7 V2 h o u r s --------------3 7 V2 h o u r s -------------- ---------------------------------4 0 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 h o u r s ----------------------------------------------

-

100
-

( 5)

-

21
79
-

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s h a v in g no
p r o v is io n s f o r w e e k ly o v e r t im e pay
at p r e m iu m r a t e s 6 --------------------------------------------------

1 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e , r e t a i l t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v is i o n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
2 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .
3 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w h o le s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s , in a d d it io n t o t h o s e in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
4 I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s c o v e r e d b y l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e , e v e n th o u g h s u c h w o r k e r s a c t u a ll y d o n o t w o r k o v e r t i m e . G r a d u a t e d p r o v i s i o n s
fo r
p r e m iu m p a y a r e c l a s s i f i e d u n d e r th e f i r s t e f f e c t i v e p r e m iu m r a t e .
F o r e x a m p le , a p la n c a l l i n g f o r t im e a n d o n e - h a l f a ft e r 8 an d d o u b le t im e a f t e r 10 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t im e
and
o n e -h a lf a fte r 8 h o u r s .
S i m i l a r l y , a p la n c a l l i n g f o r n o p a y o r p a y at a r e g u l a r r a t e a f t e r 35 h o u r s a n d t im e a n d o n e - h a l f a ft e r 40 h o u r s w o u ld b e c o n s i d e r e d a s t i m e a n d
o n e -h a lf
a ft e r 4 0 h o u r s .
5 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
6 I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s e x e m p t f r o m l e g i s l a t i v e r e q u i r e m e n t s r e g a r d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d w h e r e , a s a m a t t e r o f p o l i c y , o v e r t i m e i s n o t w o r k e d .




Appendix. Occupational Descriptions

The primary purpose of preparing jo b descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field
staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are em ployed under a variety o f payroll titles
and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area.
This permits
the grouping o f occupational wage rates representing comparable jo b content.
Because o f this emphasis on
interestablishment and interarea com parability o f occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may
differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes.
In
applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors;
apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-tim e, temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE
BILLER, MACHINE

BILLER, MACHINE— Continued
columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or
credit balances.
Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping.
Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than
an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter.
May also keep records as to
billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical woik incidental to
billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are clas­
sified by type o f m achine, as follows:

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher,
Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type­
writer keyboard) to keep a record o f business transactions.

Biller, machine (billin g machine). Uses a special billing m a­
chine (M oon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are
com bination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and
invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders,
shipping memorandums, etc.
Usually involves application o f pre­
determined discounts and shipping charges, and entry o f necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma­
chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number o f carbon copies of the
b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Class A . Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and
experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and familiarity with the
structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper
records and distribution o f debit and credit items to be used in each
phase o f the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets,
and other records by hand.
Class B. Keeps a record o f one or more phases or sections of
a set o f records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book­
keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus­
tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, m achine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in­
ventory control, etc.
May check or assist in preparation o f trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

Biller, m achine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping
m achine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c . , which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills
as part o f the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the
simultaneous entry o f figures on customers' ledger record. The m a­
chine autom atically accumulates figures on a number o f vertical




Note: Since the last survey in this area, the Bureau has discontinued collectin g data for duplicatingmachine operators and elevator operators.

21

22

CLERK, ACCO U N TIN G
Class A .
Under general d irection o f a book k eeper or accoun tant,
has responsibility for k eepin g one or m ore sections o f a c om p lete set
o f books or records relating to one phase o f an establishm ent's busi­
ness transactions.
Work involves posting and b a la n cin g subsidiary
le d g e r or ledgers such as accounts receiv a b le or accounts p ayable;
ex am in in g and co d in g in voices or vouchers with proper accoun tin g
distribution; and requires ju dgm en t and ex p erien ce in m aking proper
assignations and alloca tion s. M ay assist in preparing, adjusting, and
closin g journal entries; and m ay direct class B accou n tin g cleik s.
Class B. Under supervision, performs one or m ore routine a c ­
counting operations such as posting sim ple journal vouchers or accounts
payable vouchers, entering vouchers in v ou ch er registers; re co n cilin g
bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general
ledgers, or posting sim ple cost accoun tin g data.
This jo b does not
require a k n ow ledge o f accou n tin g and bookkeepin g prin ciples but
is found in o ffic e s in w hich the more routine accoun tin g work is
subdivided on a fu n ction al basis am ong several workers.

CLERK, FILE
Class A .
In an established filin g system contain in g a number
o f va ried su bject m atter files, classifies and indexes file m aterial
such as correspon den ce, reports, te ch n ica l docum ents, e tc .
May
also file this m aterial. M ay keep records o f various types in c o n ­
ju n ction with the files.
M ay le a d a sm all group o f low er le v e l file
cleik s.
Class B.
Sorts, cod es, and file s u nclassified m aterial by sim ple
(su b ject m atter) headings or partly cla ssified m aterial by fin er sub­
headings. Prepares sim ple related index and cross-referen ce aids.
As requested, lo ca te s c le a r ly id en tified m aterial in files and forwards
m a terial.
May perform related c le r ic a l tasks required to m aintain
and service files.

CLERK, ORDER

R eceives customers' orders for m a terial or m erchandise by m a il,
phone, or personally. Duties in volve any com b in a tion o f the follow in g :
Q uoting prices to customers; m aking out an order sheet listing the item s
to make up the order; ch eck in g prices and quantities o f item s on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respectiv e departments to be fille d .
M ay ch eck with credit departm ent to determ ine cred it rating o f custom er,
acknow ledge receip t o f orders from custom ers, fo llo w up orders to see
that they have been fille d , keep file o f orders r e ce iv e d , and ch e c k shipping
in v oices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL

Computes wages o f com pa n y em p loy ees and enters the necessary
data on the payroll sheets. Duties in volve: C alcu latin g workers' earnings
based on tim e or production records; and posting c a lc u la te d data on pa yroll
sheet, showing inform ation such as w orker's n am e, w orking days, tim e,
rate, deductions for insurance, an d total w ages due.
M ay m ake ou t p a y ch eck s and assist paymaster in m aking up and distributing pay en velopes.
M ay use a calcu latin g m achine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR

Primary duty is to operate a C om p tom eter to perform m a th e­
m a tica l com putations. This jo b is n ot to be confu sed with that o f statis­
tic a l or other type o f clerk , w hich m ay in v olv e frequent use o f a C om p ­
tom eter but, in w hich , use o f this m a ch in e is in ciden tal to perform an ce
o f other duties.

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Class C.
Performs routine filin g o f m aterial that has already
b een cla ssified or w hich is easily classified in a sim ple serial classi­
fic a tio n system (e. g . , alp h a b etica l, ch ron olog ica l, or n u m erical).
As requested, loca tes readily av ailab le m aterial in files and forwards
m aterial; and m ay fill out withdrawal charge.
Performs sim ple
c le r ic a l and m anual tasks required to m aintain and serv ice files.




Class A .
Operates a n u m erical a n d /o r alph a betica l or c o m b in a ­
tion keypunch m achine to transcribe data from various source d o c u ­
ments to keypunch tabulating cards.
Performs same tasks as low er
le v e l keypunch operator but, in ad dition, work requires a p p lica tion

23

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR— Continued
o f coding skills and the making of some determinations, for exam ple,
locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts
information from several documents; and searches for and interprets
information on the document to determine information to be punched.
May train inexperienced operators.
Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures
or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched
cards.
Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination
keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards.
Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified
sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require
little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting o f data to be punched.
Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information,
etc. , are referred to supervisor.
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating
minor o ffice machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing
m ail, and other minor clerica l work.
SECRETARY
Assigned as personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main­
tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day work
activities o f the supervisor. Works fairly independently receiving a m ini­
mum o f detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and
secretarial duties, usually including most o f the followings (a) Receives
telephone calls, personal callers, and incoming mail, answers routine
inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries to the proper persons; (b)
establishes, maintains, and revises the supervisor's files; (c ) maintains the
supervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays
messages from supervisor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, m em ­
oranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to
assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) performs stenographic
and typing work.
May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks o f co m ­
parable nature and difficulty. The work typically requires knowledge o f
o ffice routine and understanding o f the organization, programs, and pro­
cedures related to the woik o f the supervisor.




SECRETARY— Continue d
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above
characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the def­
inition are as follows: (a) Positions which do not meet the "personal"
secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in
secretarial type duties; (c ) stenographers serving as office assistants to a
group o f professional, technical, or managerial persons; (d) secretary posi­
tions in which the duties are either substantially more routine or substan­
tially more com plex and responsible than those characterized in the def­
inition; and (e) assistant type positions which involve more difficult or more
responsible technical, administrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical
duties which are not typical o f secretarial work.
NOTE: The term "corporate officer," used in the level definitions
follow ing, refers to those officials who have a significant corporate-wide
policym aking role with regard to major company activities.
The title
"v ic e president," though normally indicative o f this role, does not i n all
cases identify such positions. V ice presidents whose primary responsibility
is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e. g. , approve or
deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts;
directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate
officers" for purposes o f applying the follow ing level definitions.
Class A
a.
Secretary to the chairman o f the board or president of a
company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5, OCX) persons; or
b.
Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of
the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but
fewer than 25,000 persons; or
c.
Secretary to the head (im m ediately below the corporate
officer level) o f a major segment or subsidiary o f a company that employs,
in all, over 25, 000 persons.
Class B
a.
Secretary to the chairman of the board or president o f a
company that employs, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or
b.
Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the
board or president) o f a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer
than 5,000 persons; or

24

SECRETA RY— Continued

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL— Continued

c.
Secretary to the head (im m ediately below the officer lev el)
over either a major corporate-wide functional activity ( e . g . , marketing,
research, operations, industrial relations, e t c .) or a m ajor geographic or
organizational segment ( e . g . , a regional headquarters; a major division)
o f a com pany that em ploys, in all, over 5 ,000 but fewer than 25,000
employees; or

May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively rou­
tine clerical tasks.
May operate from a stenographic p ool.
Does not
include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator. )

d.
Secretary to the head o f an individual plant, factory, etc.
(or other equivalent lev el o f o fficia l) that em ploys, in all, over 5,0 0 0
persons; or

STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or
specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific re­
search from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation.
May also type from written
copy.
May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.

OR
e.
Secretary to the head o f a large and important organizational
Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde­
segment (e . g . , a middle management supervisor o f an organizational seg­
pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced
ment often involving as many as several hundred persons) o f a company
by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and
that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons.
accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge o f general business and
Class C
o ffic e procedures and of the sp ecific business operations, organization,
p olicies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in per­
a.
Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon­
forming stenographic duties and responsible clerica l tasks such as, main­
sibility is not equivalent to one o f the sp ecific lev el situations in the def­
taining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums,
inition for class B, but whose subordinate staff normally numbers at least
letters, e t c .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading
several dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organizational segments
and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc.
Does
which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this lev el
not
include
transcribing-machine
work.
includes a wide range o f organizational echelons; in others, only one or
two; or

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR

b.
Secretary to the head o f an individual plant, factory, etc.
(or other equivalent level of o fficia l) that employs, in all, fewer than
5,000 persons.

Class A . Operates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone
switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or o ffice calls. Per­
forms full telephone information service or handles com plex calls, such as
conference, co lle ct, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing
routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a fu ll­
tim e assignment. ("Full" telephone information service occurs when the
establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for
telephone information purposes, e.g., because o f overlapping or interrelated
functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which exten­
sions are appropriate for c a lls .)

Class D
a.
Secretary to the supervisor or head o f a small organizational
unit ( e . g . , few er than about 25 or 30 persons); or
b.
Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional
em ployee, administrative o fficer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert.
(NOTE: Many companies assign stenographers, rather than secretaries as
described above, to this le v e l o f supervisory or nonsupervisory worker.)
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine v o ­
cabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or
similar machine; and transcribe dictation.
May also type from writ­
ten copy.




Class B. Operates a single?- or m ultiple-position telephone
switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or o ffice calls. May
handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform lim ited
telephone information service. ("L im ited” telephone information service
occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understand­
able for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine,
e . g . , giving extension numbers when sp ecific names are furnished, or if
com plex calls are referred to another operator.)

25

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST

In addition to performing duties o f operator on a single-position
or m onitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or
perform routine clerica l woik as part o f regular duties.
This typing or
c lerica l work may take the major part o f this worker's time while at
switchboard.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued

som e filin g w oik.
unit, for ex a m p le,
operations.

The work ty p ica lly involves portions o f a w oik
individual sorting or colla tin g runs or repetitive

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

TABULATING-MA CHINE OPERATOR

Class A . Operates a variety o f tabulating or electrical account­
ing m achines, typically including such machines as the tabulator,
calculator, interpreter, collator, and others.
Performs com plete
reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult
wiring as required.
The complete reporting and tabulating assign­
ments typically involve a variety o f long and com plex reports which
often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and
sequencing o f steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator,
is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations,
or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating
sequences o f long and com plex reports. Does not include working
supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day
supervision o f the work and production of a group o f tabulatingmachine operators.

Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account­
ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the
sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific
instructions and may include the performance o f some wiring from
diagrams.
The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabulations
involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a com plete but small
tabulating study, or parts o f a longer and more com plex report. Such
reports and studies are usually o f a recurring nature where the pro­
cedures are w ell established. May also include the training o f new
em ployees in the basic operation o f the machine.

Class C.
Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting
machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc. , with
sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and



Primary duty is to transcribe dicta tion in volving a normal routine
vocabu lary from tran scribin g-m ach in e records. May also type from written
cop y and do sim ple c le r ic a l w oik. Workers transcribing dictation involving
a varied te ch n ica l or specialized vocabu lary such as leg a l briefs or reports
on sc ie n tific research are not in cluded. A worker who takes dictation in
shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine is classified as a stenog­
rapher, general.

TYPIST
Uses a typew riter to make cop ies o f various m aterial or to make
out b ills after calcu lation s have been made by another person.
May in­
clude typing o f stencils, mats, or sim ilar m aterials for use in duplicating
processes.
May do c le r ic a l w oik involving little sp ecia l training, such
as k eepin g sim ple records, filin g records and reports, or sorting and dis­
tributing in com in g m a il.

Class A . Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Typing ma­
terial in final form when it involves combining material from several
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu­
ation, etc. , o f technical or unusual words or foreign language ma­
terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables
to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing.
May type routine
form letters varying details to suit circumstances.

Class B. Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance policies,
e t c . ; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more
com plex tables already setup and spaced properly.

26

PROFESSIONAL AND
DRAFTSMAN

TECHNICAL

DRAFTSMAN— Continue d

Class A . Plans the graphic presentation o f com plex items having
distinctive design features that differ significantly from established
drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator,
and may recom m end minor design changes. Analyzes the e ffect o f
each change on the details o f form , function, and positional relation­
ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory
assistance. Com pleted work is reviewed by design originator for con ­
sistency with prior engineering determinations.
May either prepare
drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen.
Class B. Performs nonroutine and com plex drafting assignments
that require the application o f most o f the standardized drawing tech ­
niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such woik as: Prepares
working drawings o f subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple
functions, and precise positional relationships between components;
prepares architectural drawings for construction o f a building including
detail drawings o f foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof.
Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations
to determine quantities o f materials to be used, load capacities,
strengths, stresses, etc.
Receives initial instructions, requirements,
and advice from supervisor. Com pleted work is checked for technical
adequacy.
Class C.
Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for
engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes.
Types
o f drawings prepared include isom etric projections (depicting three
dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning
o f components and convey needed information. Consolidates details
from a number o f sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required.

Suggested methods o f approach, applicable precedents, and advice on
source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are
less complete when assignments recur.
Work may be spot-checked
during progress.
DRAFTSMAN-TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing
cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not
include tracing lim ited to plans prim arily consisting o f straight lines and
a large scale not requiring close delineation. )
and/or
Prepares simple or repetitive drawings o f easily visualized items.
is closely supervised during progress.

Woik

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edi­
cal direction to ill or injured em ployees or other persons who becom e ill or
suffer an accident on the premises o f a factory or other establishment.
Duties involve a combination o f the follow ing: Giving first aid to the ill
or injured; attending to subsequent dressing o f em ployees’ injuries; keeping
records o f patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation
or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations
of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs
involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation o f plant en­
vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety
o f all personnel.

M AINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain
in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made
o f wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Plan­
ning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal
instructions using a variety o f carpenter's hand tools, portable power tools,

and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations
relating to dimensions o f work; and selecting materials necessary for the
work.
In general, the work o f the maintenance carpenter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al ap­
prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.




27

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE

HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued

Perform s a v ariety o f e le c tr ic a l trade functions such as the in ­
stallation , m a in ten an ce, or repair o f equipm ent for the generation, dis­
tribution, or utilization o f e le c tr ic energy in an establishm ent.
Work
in volves m ost o f the follow in g : Installing or repairing any o f a variety o f
e le c tr ic a l equ ip m en t such as generators, transformers, switchboards, c o n ­
trollers, c ir c u it breakers, motors, heating units, condu it systems, or other
transm ission equ ipm ent; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or
other sp ecifica tion s; lo c a tin g and diagnosing trouble in the e le c tr ic a l
system or equ ipm en t; w orking standard com putations relating to loa d
requirem ents o f w iring or e le c tr ic a l equipm ent; and using a variety o f
e le c t r ic ia n s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general,
the work o f the m ain ten an ce e lectricia n requires rounded training and
e x p erien ce usually acqu ired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and ex p e rie n ce .

a w orker supplied with m aterials and tools; clean in g working area, m a­
ch in e, and equ ipm ent; assisting journeym an by holding m aterials or tools;
and perform ing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeym an.
The kind
o f work the h elp er is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In
som e trades the h elper is co n fin e d to supplying, liftin g, and holding m a­
terials and tools and clea n in g w orking areas; and in others he is perm itted
to perform sp ecia lized m achine operations, or parts o f a trade that are
also perform ed by workers on a fu ll-tim e basis.

ENGINEER, ST A T IO N A R Y
O perates and m aintains and m ay also supervise the operation o f
stationary engines and equipm ent (m ech a n ica l or e le c tr ic a l) to supply the
establishm ent in w hich em p lo y e d with power, heat, refrigeration, or
a ir-c o n d itio n in g .
Work involves: Operating and m aintaining equipm ent
such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines,
v en tila tin g and refrigerating equipm ent, steam boilers and b o ile r -fe d
w ater pumps; m akin g equ ipm ent repairs; and keeping a record o f operation
o f m a ch in ery , tem peratu re, and fu el consum ption.
M ay also supervise
these operations.
H ead or c h ie f engineers in establishments em p loyin g
m ore than on e en gin eer are exclu ded.

FIREMAN, S T A T IO N A R Y BOILER
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishm ent in w hich
e m p lo y e d w ith h eat, pow er, or steain.
Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a m e c h a n ic a l stoker, or gas or o il burner; and checks w ater
and safety v a lv e s.
M ay clea n , o il, or assist in repairing b oilerroom
equipm ent.
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
Assists on e or m ore workers in the skilled m ain ten an ce trades,
b y perform in g s p e c ific or general duties o f lesser skill, such as keepin g




M ACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation o f one or more types o f m achine
tools, such as jig borers, cy lin d r ic a l or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or m illin g m ach in es, in the construction o f m a ch in e-sh op tools, gages,
jigs, fixtures, or dies.
Work in volves most o f the follow in g : Planning
and perform ing d ifficu lt m ach in in g operations; processing item s requiring
c o m p lica te d setups or a high degree o f accu ra cy; using a variety o f pre­
cision measuring instruments; selectin g feeds, speeds, toolin g , and oper­
ation sequen ce; and m aking necessary adjustments during operation to
ach ieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions.
M ay be required to recognize
when tools n eed dressing, to dress tools, and to se le ct proper coolants
and cutting and lu bricating oils. For cross-industry w age study purposes,
m a ch in e -to o l operators, toolroom , in tool and die job bin g shops are e x ­
clu d ed from this cla ssifica tion .

M ACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces rep lacem en t parts and new parts in m aking repairs o f
m etal parts o f m ech a n ica l equipm ent operated in an establishment. Work
in volves m ost o f the follow in g : Interpreting w ritten instructions and sp e ci­
fication s; planning and layin g out o f work; using a variety o f m achinist’ s
handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating
standard m a ch in e tools; shaping o f m etal parts to close tolerances; making
standard shop com putations relating to dim ensions o f work, toolin g , feeds,
and speeds o f m ach in in g; kn ow ledge o f the working properties o f the
c o m m o n m etals; selectin g standard m aterials, parts, and equipm ent re­
quired for his work; and fittin g and assem bling parts into m ech a n ica l
equipm ent. In general, the m ach in ist's work norm ally requires a rounded
training in m a ch in e-sh op p ra ctice usually acquired through a form al ap­
prenticeship or equ ivalent training and ex perien ce.

28

MECHANIC, AU TOM O TIVE (MAINTENANCE)

OILER

Repairs a u tom obiles, buses, m otortrucks, and tractors o f an es­
tablishm ent. Work in volves m ost o f the follow in g : Exam ining autom otive
equ ipm en t to diagnose source o f trouble; disassem bling equ ipm ent and
perform ing repairs that in volve the use o f such handtools as w renches,
gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equ ipm ent in disassem bling or fittin g parts;
rep la cin g broken or d efe ctiv e parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassem bling and installing the various assem blies in the v e h ic le
and m aking necessary adjustments; and alining w heels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening bod y bolts. In gen eral, the work o f the au to­
m otive m ech a n ic requires rounded training and ex p erien ce usually acquired
through a form al apprenticeship or equ ivalent training and exp erien ce.

Lubricates, with o il or grease, the m ov in g parts or w earing sur­
faces o f m ech an ica l equipm ent o f an establishm ent.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs m ach in ery or m ech a n ica l equipm ent o f an establishm ent.
Work in volves m ost o f the follow in g : Exam ining m achines and m ech a n ica l
equ ipm ent to diagnose source o f trouble; dism antling or partly dism antling
m achines and perform ing repairs that m a in ly in volve the use o f handtools
in scraping and fittin g parts; rep lacin g broken or d efe ctiv e parts with item s
obtain ed from stock; ordering the production o f a rep lacem en t part by a
m a ch in e shop or sending o f the m achine to a m ach in e shop for m ajor
repairs; preparing written sp ecifica tion s for m a jor repairs or for the pro­
du ction o f parts ordered from m ach in e shop; reassem bling m achines; and
m aking all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f
a m ain ten an ce m ech a n ic requires rounded training and ex p erien ce usually
acqu ired through a form al apprenticeship or equ ivalen t training and e x ­
p erien ce.
E xcluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers whose primary
duties in volve setting up or adjusting m achines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new m achines or h eavy equipm ent, and dismantles and
installs m ach in es or h eavy equ ipm ent when changes in the plant la you t
are required. Work in volves most o f the follow in g : Planning and la yin g
out o f the work; interpreting blueprints or other sp ecifica tion s; using a
variety o f handtools and rigging; m aking standard shop com putations re­
latin g to stresses, strength o f m aterials, and centers o f gravity; alining
and ba la n cin g o f equipm ent; selectin g standard tools, equ ipm ent, and
parts to be used; and installing and m aintaining in g ood order pow er
transmission equ ipm ent such as drives and speed reducers.
In general,
the m illw righ t's work n orm ally requires a rounded training and experien ce
in the trade acqu ired through a form al apprenticeship or eq u ivalen t train­
ing and ex p e rie n ce .




PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates w a lls, w oodw ork, and fixtures o f an es­
tablishm ent. Work in volves the follow in g : K n ow ledge o f surface p e c u li­
arities and types o f paint required for differen t ap plications; preparing
surface for painting by rem oving o ld finish or by p la cin g putty or fille r
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint w ith spray gun or brush.
M ay m ix colors, oils, w hite lea d, and other pa in t ingredients to obtain
proper co lo r or consistency.
In gen eral, the work o f the m ain ten an ce
painter requires rounded training and ex p erien ce usually acqu ired through
a form al apprenticeship or equ ivalent training and ex p erien ce.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam , gas, or oth er types o f pipe and
pipefittings in an establishment.
Work in volves m ost o f the follow in g :
Laying out o f work and measuring to lo c a te position o f pip e from drawings
or other written sp ecifica tion s; cutting various sizes o f pipe to correct
lengths with chisel and ham m er or o x y a ce ty le n e torch or p ip e -c u ttin g
m ach in e; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by h an d-driven
or pow er-driven m achines; assem bling pipe w ith couplings and fastening
pipe to hangers; making standard shop com pu tation s relating to pressures,
flo w , and size o f pipe required; and m aking standard tests to determ ine
whether finished pipes m eet sp ecifica tion s.
In gen eral, the work o f the
m aintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and ex p erien ce usually
acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equ iv alen t training and e x ­
p erien ce. Workers prim arily en gaged in installing and repairing bu ildin g
sanitation or heating systems are e x clu d ed .

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plum bing system o f an establishm ent in g o o d order.
Work involves: K now ledge o f sanitary cod es regarding installation o f vents
and traps in plum bing system; in stalling or repairing pipes and fixtures;
and opening c lo g g e d drains with a plunger or p lu m b er's snake. In gen eral,
the w oik o f the m aintenance plu m ber requires rounded training and e x ­
p erien ce usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or eq u ivalen t
training and experien ce.

29

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE

TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued

F abricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sh eet-m eta l
equ ip m en t and fixtures (such as m achine guards, grease pans, shelves,
lock ers, tanks, ven tilators, chutes, ducts, m etal roofing) o f an establish­
m ent. Work in volves m ost o f the follow in g : Planning and la yin g ou t all
types o f sh e e t-m e ta l m ain ten an ce w oik from blueprints, m od els, or other
sp ecifica tion s; setting up and operating all available types o f s h e e t-m e ta l­
w orking m ach in es; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, ben din g, fo rm ­
in g, shaping, fittin g , and assem bling; and installing sh e e t-m e ta l articles
as required. In g en eral, the work o f the m aintenance sh eet-m eta l w orker
requires rounded training and experien ce usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or eq u iv a len t training and experience.
TOOL AND DIE M AKER
(D ie

m aker;

jig

m aker;

tool maker; fixture maker;

gage

m aker)

Constructs and repairs m ach in e-sh op tools, gages, jig s , fixtures
or dies for forgin gs, p u n ch in g, and other m e ta l-fo rm in g work. Work in -

CUSTODIAL

v olves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and layin g out o f work from
m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s;
using a variety o f to o l and die m aker's handtools and precision measuring
instruments; understanding o f the working properties o f com m on metals
and alloys; setting up and operating o f m achine tools and related equ ip­
ment; m aking necessary shop com putations relating to dimensions o f work,
speeds, feeds, and toolin g o f m achines; heattreating o f m etal parts during
fab rica tion as w e ll as o f finished tools and dies to ach ieve required qual­
ities; working to c lo se toleran ces; fittin g and assem bling o f parts to pre­
scribed tolerances and allow an ces; and selectin g appropriate m aterials,
tools, and processes. In general, the to o l and die m aker's work requires
a rounded training in m a ch in e-sh op and toolroom pra ctice usually acquired
through a form al apprenticeship or equ ivalen t training and experien ce.

AND

For cross-industry w age study purposes, tool and die makers in
to o l and die job b in g shops are ex clu d e d from this classification .

MATERIAL

MOVEMENT

GUARD AN D W ATCH M A N

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued

Guard.
Perform s routine p o lic e duties, either at fix e d post or
on tour, m ain taining order, using arms or fo r ce where necessary. Includes
g a tem en w ho are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity o f em p loyees
and other persons en terin g.

trash, and other refuse; dusting equipm ent, furniture, or fixtures; polishing
m etal fixtures or trim m ings; providin g supplies and m inor m aintenance
services; and clea n in g lavatories, showers, and restrooms.
Workers who
sp ecia lize in w indow washing are e x clu d e d .

W a tch m an . M akes rounds o f premises p e riod ica lly in protectin g
property against fir e , th eft, and ille g a l entry.

LABORER, M ATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockm an
or stock h elper; warehousem an or warehouse h elper)

JANITO R, PO RTER, O R CLEANER
(Sw eeper; charw om an; janitress)
Cleans and keeps in an orderly con dition fa ctory w orking areas
and w ashroom s, or prem ises o f an o ffic e , apartment house, or c o m m e r ic a l
or other establishm ent.
D uties in volve a com bin ation o f the follow in g :
S w eepin g, m op p in g or scrubbing, and polishing floors; rem oving chips,




A w orker e m p lo y e d in a warehouse, m anufacturing plant, store,
or other establishm ent whose duties in volve one or m ore o f the follow in g :
Loading and unloading various m aterials and m erchandise on or from
freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving,
or p la cin g m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage lo ca tio n ; and trans­
porting m aterials or m erchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow.
Longshorem en, w ho lo a d and unload ships are e x clu d e d .

30

ORDER, FILLER

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued
For w age study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s:

(O rder pick er; stock selector; warehouse stockm an)
Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
m erchandise in a ccord a n ce w ith sp ecifica tion s on sales slips, custom ers'
orders, or other instructions.
M ay, in addition to fillin g orders and in­
d icatin g item s fille d or om itted , keep records o f ou tg oin g orders, requ i­
sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform
other related duties.

PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares fin ish ed products fo r shipm ent or storage by p la cin g them
in shipping containers, the s p e c ific operations perform ed bein g dependent
upon the type, size, and num ber o f units to be pa ck ed , the type o f c o n ­
tainer e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f shipment. W ork requires the p la cin g o f
item s in shipping containers and m ay in volve on e or more o f the follow in g :
K n ow ledge o f various item s o f stock in order to v erify content; selection
o f appropriate type and size o f container; inserting enclosures in container;
using ex ce ls io r or other m a terial to prevent breakage or dam age; closin g
and sealin g contain er; and applying labels or entering iden tifyin g data on
contain er. Packers w ho also m ake w ooden boxes or crates are ex clu d ed .

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares m erchandise for shipm ent, or r eceiv es and is responsible
for in com in g shipments o f m erchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work
involves: A kn ow led ge o f shipping procedures, p ra ctices, routes, av ailab le
means o f transportation, and rates; and preparing records o f the goods
shipped, m aking up b ills o f la d in g, posting w eig h t and shipping charges,
and k e e p in g a file o f shipping records. M ay d irect or assist in preparing
the m erchandise for shipm ent.
R e c e iv in g work in volves: V erify in g or
d irectin g others in v e rify in g the correctness o f shipments against bills o f
la din g, in v o ice s , or other records; ch eck in g fo r shortages and rejectin g
dam aged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper departments;
and m ain taining necessary records and files.




R eceiv in g clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiv in g clerk
TRUCKD RIVER
Drives a truck within a c ity or industrial area to transport m a ­
terials, m erchandise, equipm ent, or m en b etw een various types o f es­
tablishments such as: M anufacturing plants, freigh t depots, warehouses,
w holesale and retail establishm ents, or betw een retail establishm ents and
custom ers' houses or places o f business.
M ay also lo a d or unload truck
w ith or without helpers, make m inor m e c h a n ica l repairs, and k eep truck
in g ood working order.
D river-salesm en and o v e r -th e -r o a d drivers are
ex clu d e d .
For w age study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and
type o f equipm ent, as follow s: (T r a c to r -tra ile r should be rated on the
basis o f trailer ca p a city . )
Trackdriver (com bin a tion o f sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, ligh t (under 1 V 2 tons)
Tm ckdriver, m edium ( 1 V 2 to and in clu d in g 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (ov er 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (ov er 4 tons, oth er than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
Operates a m anually c o n tro lle d g a so lin e - or e le c tr ic -p o w e r e d
truck or tractor to transport goods and m aterials o f a ll kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishm ent.
For w age study purposes, workers are cla ssified by type o f truck,
as follow s:
Trucker, pow er (fork lift)
Trucker, pow er (other than fork lift)




A v a i l a b l e O n R e q u e s t ----

The seventh annual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s ,
attorneys, chem ists, engin eers, engineering technicians, draftsm en,
t r a c e r s , jo b an a ly s ts , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l , m a n a g e r s o f o f f i c e
s e r v i c e s , b u y e r s , f r e i g h t rate c l e r k s , and c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s .
O r d e r as BBS Bulletin 1535,
m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and
50 cents a c op y.

National
Clerical

Survey of P r o fe s s io n a l, A d P a y , F e b r u a r y —M a r c h 1 9 6 6 .

☆

U.S. G O V ER N M E N T PRINTING OFFICE: 1967 -3 0 3 -6 0 0 /2 6




Area Wage Surveys
A l i s t o f t he l a t e s t a v a i l a b l e b u l l e t i n s i s p r e s e n t e d b e l o w .
A d i r e c t o r y indicating dates of e a r l i e r
a v a i l a b l e on r e q u e s t .
B u l l e t i n s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m t he S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U. S . G o v e r n m e n t
o r f r o m any o f t he B B S r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s s h o w n on t he i n s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .

Area

B ul le ti n n u m b e r
and p r i c e

Area

s t u d i e s , and t he p r i c e s o f t he b u l l e t i n s is
P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . , 20 402,

B ul le ti n n u m b er
and p r i c e

M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , A p r . 1967 1_______________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 7 6 ,
M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M i n n . , Ja n. 1967 1__________________
1530-42,
M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , M a y 1967 ________
1530-72,
N e w a r k and J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , F e b . 1967 ________________ 1 5 3 0 - 55,
N e w H a v e n , C o n n . , Jan. 1967 _______________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 4 1 ,
N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , F e b . 1967 1 _____________________________
153 0- 51 ,
N e w Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1967 1____________________
- 1530-83,
N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s H a m p t o n , V a . , June 1967 1________ _______ __________________ 1 5 3 0 - 8 2 ,
O k l a h o m a C i t y , O k l a . , Ju l y 1967 ___________________________ 1 5 7 5 - 4 ,

30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
25c e n t s
30 c e n t s
40 c e n t s

A k r o n , O h i o , J u l y 1967 1 ___________________________________
Al bany^—S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , A p r . 1967 ----------------A l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x , , A p r . 1967 ________________________
A l l e n t o w n —B e t h l e h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N. J . ,
F e b . 1967 ________________________________________ ____________
A t l a n t a , G a . , M a y 1967 --------- ----------------------------------------------B a l t i m o r e , M d . , N o v . 1966 1_______________________________
B e a u m o n t —P o r t A r t h u r —O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1967 ------B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , A p r . 19 6? 1 -----------------------------------------B o i s e C i t y , I d a h o , J u l y 1967 __________________ ____________
B o s t o n , M a s s . , O c t . 1 9 6 6 __________________________________

15 3 0 - 8 6 ,
1530-62,
1530-60,

25 c e n t s
25c e n t s
20 c e n t s

15 3 0- 53 ,
1 5 3 0 - 7 1,
1530-30,
1530-74,
15 3 0- 63 ,
1575-3,
1530-16,

25 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
25 c e n t s

B u f f a l o , N . Y . , D e c . 1966 1________________________ _______ —
B u r l i n g t o n , Vt. , M a r . 1967 1 ______________________________
C a n t o n , O h i o , A p r . 1967 ___________________________________
C h a r l e s t o n , W. V a . , A p r . 1067 ----------------------------------------C h a r l o t t e , N . C . , A p r . 1967 ________________________________
C h a t t a n o o g a , T e n n . —G a . , A u g . 1967 ---------------------------------C h i c a g o , 111., A p r . 1967 1
______________________ - ________
C i n c i n n a t i , O h i o —K y .—I n d . , M a r . 1967 ___________________
C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , S e p t . 1966 1--------------------------------------------C o l u m b u s , O h i o , O c t . 1966
------------------- ------------------------D a l l a s , T e x . , N o v . 1966 1__________________________________

1530-38,
1 5 3 0 - 52,
153 0 - 5 8 ,
15 3 0 - 6 1 ,
15 3 0 - 6 4 ,
1575-7,
15 3 0 - 7 3 ,
15 3 0- 56 ,
1530-13,
1530-20,
1530-25,

30 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
25c e n t s
30 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s

O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , O c t . 1 9 6 6 _____________ ________________
1530-18,
P a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , M a y 1967 ------ -------------- 1 5 3 0 - 6 7 ,
P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . - N . J . , N o v . 1966 1______________________
1530-35,
„ 153 0- 59 ,
P h o e n i x , A r i z . , M a r . 1967 _____________________
P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan. 1967 1 ______ ____________________ - _____
1530-46,
P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , N o v . 1 9 6 6 -------------------------------------------------- 1 5 3 0 - 1 7 ,
P o r t l a n d , O r e g . - W a s h . , M a y 1967 _________________ „_____
1530-79,
P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t —W a r w i c k , R. I.—M a s s .,
M a y 1 967 1 _________________________________________ - __________
1 5 3 0 - 7 0,
R a l e i g h , N . C . , A u g . 1967 1 ____________ ______________________ 1 5 7 5 - 6 ,
R i c h m o n d , V a . , N o v . 1 9 6 6 __________________________________
1 5 3 0 - 2 3,
R o c k f o r d , III., M a y 1967 . __________________________________
15 3 0 - 6 8 ,

D a v e n p o r t —R o c k I s l a n d —M o l i n e , I o w a —111.,
O c t . 1966 1____________________________________________________
D a y t o n , O h i o , Jan. 1967 — --------------------------------------------------D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1 9 6 6 ----------------------------------------- ----------D e s M o i n e s , I o wa , F e b . 19 67 --------------------------------------------D e t r o i t , M i c h . , Jan. 1967 1 ________________________________
F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , N o v . 1966 1------------------------------------------G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u l y 1967 _______________________________
G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1967 _______________________________
H o u s t o n , T e x . , J u n e 19 67 -------------------------------------- ------------I n d i a n a p o l i s , I nd. , D e c . 1 9 6 6 _______________________________

1 5 3 0 - 19,
1 53 0 - 4 5,
1530-32,
1530-44,
15 3 0 - 4 8 ,
. 1530- 28,
1575-5,
15 3 0 - 6 6 ,
1530-85,
1530-37,

30 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
20c e n t s
25c e n t s
25 cents
25 c e n t s

St. L o u i s , Mo. - 11 1. , O c t . 1966 1____________________________
1530-27,
Sa l t L a k e C i t y , Ut ah, D e c . 1966 1________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 3 3 ,
San A n t o n i o , T e x . , J u n e 1967 1 _____________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 8 4 ,
San B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r i o , C a l i f . ,
S e p t . 1 9 6 6 ______________________________________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 14,
San D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1966 1_____________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 2 4 ,
San F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d , C a l i f . , Jan. 1967 1--------1530-36,
San J o s e ,
C a l i f . , Sept . 1 9 6 6 ------------------------------------------------ 1 5 3 0 - 1 0 ,
S a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1967 ____________ ______________________
153 0 - 6 9 ,
Scranton,
P a . , J ul y 1967 1 ---------------------------------------------------- 157 5 - 9 ,
S e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , O c t . 1 9 6 6 _________________________
1530-22,

25
25
30
20
20
25
25

cents
cents
cents
cents
ce nt s
cents
cents

1530-43,
153 0- 39 ,
15 3 0 - 2 6 ,
15 3 0 - 7 7 ,
15 7 5 - 2 ,

1530-12,
20 c e n t s S i o u x F a l l s , S. D a k . , O c t . 1 9 6 6 _____________________________
_____________________________
1 5 3 0 - 57,
25 c e n t s So ut h B e n d , I nd . , M a r . 1967
25 c e n t s S p o k a n e , W a s h . , June 1967 1 ________________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 8 0 ,
20 c e n t s T a m p a —St. P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , A u g . 1 9 6 7 ____________ ____ 1 5 7 5 - 8 ,
25 c e n t s T o l e d o , O h i o - M i c h . , F e b . 1967 1____________ ____ - ........ ........ 1 5 3 0 - 50,
T r e n t o n , N . J . , D e c . 1966 1___ _______________________________
1530-34,
1530-15,
30c e n t s W a s h i n g t o n , D . C .—M d . —V a . , O c t . I 9 6 0 1__________________
153 0- 54 ,
30c e n t s W a t e r b u r y , C o n n . , M a r . 1967 ______________________________
W a t e r l o o , I o w a , No v . 1966 1_________________________________ 1 5 3 0 - 2 1 ,
20 c e n t s
1 5 3 0 - 1 1,
20c e n t s W i c h i t a , K a n s . , O c t . 1966 1___ ___________ ___________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , J u ne 1967 ______ ______________________ 1 5 3 0 - 8 1 ,
26 c e n t s
153 0-47 ,
25c e n t s Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1967 ________________ _______ ________________
1530-29,
20 c e n t s Y o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n , O h i o , N o v . 1 9 6 6 ____________________

20
20
25
25
30
25
30
20
25
25
25
25
25

cents
c ents
cents
cents
cents
ce nt s
c ents
cents
cents
cents
cents
ce nt s
c ents

J a c k s o n , M i s s . , F e b . 1967 _________________________________
J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , Jan. 1967 1 -------------------------------------K a n s a s C i t y , M o . - K a n s . , N o v . 1 9 6 6 ------------ ---------------------L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N . H . , June 1967 --------------L i t t l e R o c k —N o r t h L i t t l e R o c k , A r k . , J ul y 1967 ---------L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g P l eac h and A n a h e i m —Santa A n a G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1967 1 _____________________
L o u i s v i l l e , K y . - I n d . , F e b . 1967 1 ________________________
L u b b o c k , T e x . , Ju ne 19 67 _________________________________
M a n c h e s t e r , N . H . , J u l y 1 9 6 ? _______________ ________________
M e m p h i s , T e n n . —A r k . , Jan. 1967 ------------------ —-------------M i a m i , F l a . , D e c . 1 9 6 6 ____ _____________________________ ____
M i d l a n d and O d e s s a , T e x . , J u ne 1997 -------------------------------


1 D ata on es t ab li sh m e n t


15 3 0 - 6 5 ,
1530-49,
15 3 0 -75,
1575-1,
1530-40,
15 3 0- 31 ,
1 53 0 - 7 8,

p ra c t ic e s and su ppl em ent ar y wage provisions are also presented.

25 c e n t s
cents

vq

25 c e n t s
25c e n t s
35 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
30 c ent s
20 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
30 c ent s
25 c e n t o
25 c e n t s
20 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
25 c e n t s
25 c e n t s