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Occupational Wage Survey JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI FEBRUARY 1964 Bulletin No. 1385-41 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LA BO R ST A TIST IC S Ewan C la gu e , Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI FEBRUARY 1964 Bulletin No. 1385-41 April 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in metropolitan areas is de signed to provide data on occupational earnings, and e s tablishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry divisions for metropolitan area labor markets, for economic regions, and for the United States. A major consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (a) the move ment of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (b) the structure and level of wages among labor markets and industry divisions. Introduction--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Wage trends for selected occupational groups--------------------------------------Tables: 1. 2. B: Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the program. Information on occupational earnings is collected annually in each area. Information on establish ment practices and supplementary wage provisions is ob tained biennially in most of the areas. This bulletin presents results of the survey in Jackson, M is s ., in February 1964. It was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Atlanta, Ga. , by George G. Farish, under the direction of Donald M. Cruse, Regional Wage Analyst. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied--------------------------------------------------------------------Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected periods-------------------------- 3 Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations—men and women--------------------------------A - 2. Professional and technical occupations—m en-----------------A - 3. Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women combined-----------------------------------------------A - 4. Maintenance and powerplant occupations-------------------------A - 5. Custodial and material movement occupations----------------Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:* B -l. Minimum entrance salaries for womenoffice workers__ B -2 . Shift differentials---------------------------------------------------------------B -3 . Scheduled weekly hours-----------------------------------------------------B -4 . Paid holidays---------------------------------------------------------------------B -5 . Paid vacations--------------------------------------------------------------------B -6 . Health, insurance, and pension plans-----------------------------B -7 . Paid sick leave_____________________________________________ 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 Appendix: Occupational descriptions------------------------------------------------- * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other areas. (See inside back cover.) Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels in the Jackson area, are also available for seven selected building trades. lii 3 r- ["- oo A: A preliminary report and an individual area bul letin present survey results for each labor market studied. After completion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of surveys, a two part summary bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of the labor markets studied into one bulletin. The second part presents in formation which has been projected from individual labor market data to relate to economic regions and the United States. 1 4 5 6 17 O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y —J a c k s o n , M iss. Introduction as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U. S. De partment of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field economists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employ ment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabu lations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed may be due to such factors as (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among in dustries and establishments; (2) differences in length of service or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis; and (3) differences in specific duties performed, although the occu pations are appropriately classified within the same survey job de scription. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments. This allows for minor differences among establish ments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in' occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differ ences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -series tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented (in the B -series tables) on selected establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions as they relate to office and plant workers. Administrative, executive, and professional employees, and force-account construction workers who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. "Office workers" include working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing clerical or related functions. "Plant workers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) en gaged in nonoffice functions. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufacturing industries, but included in nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, Minimum entrance salaries (table B -l) relate only to the e s tablishments visited. They are presented in terms of establishments with formal minimum entrance salary policies. 1 2 Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to plant workers in manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) establishment policy, 1 presented in terms of total plant worker employment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the classification "other" was used. In establishments in which some late-shift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. The scheduled weekly hours (table B-3) of a majority of the first-shift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B -4 through B-7) are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual items in tables B -2 through B -7 may not equal totals because of rounding. Data on paid holidays (table B-4) are limited to data on holidays granted annually on a formal basis; i. e. , (1) are provided for in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holidays ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a nonworkday, even if the worker is not granted another day off. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday time. The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to formal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay, payments not on a time basis were converted to a time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week's pay. * An conditions: late shifts. shifts during late shifts. establishment was considered as having a policy if it m et either of the following (1) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1) had operated late the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2) had provisions in written form for operating Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B-6 and B-7) for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad retirement. Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions, 2 plans are included only if the employer (1) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans 3 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are presented according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker's life. 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave that could be expected by each employee. Such a plan need not be written, but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, were excluded. Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Jackson, M is s ., 1 by major industry division, 2 February 1964 N u m b er of esta b lish m en ts M in im u m em ploym en t in e s t a b lis h m ents in scope of study In d u stry d iv isio n W ithin scope of study 3 Studied Studied T o t a l4 O ffic e Plant T o t a l4 139 77 20, 200 3, 800 13, 100 14, 730 - 40 99 25 52 7, 500 1 2 ,7 0 0 500 3, 300 6, 000 7, 100 6, 020 8, 710 50 50 50 50 50 16 21 28 19 15 11 9 13 10 9 1, 900 (6) (6) (7) (6) 3, 400 840 1, 540 1, 650 1, 280 A ll d iv is io n s _________________________________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g _______________________________________________________ N on m an u factu rin g--------------------------------------------- ---------------------------T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s 5_______________________________________________ W h o le s a le t r a d e ________________________________________________ R e ta il t r a d e ______________________________________________________ F in a n c e , in su r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ______________________ S e r v ic e s 8_________________________________________________________ W o r k e r s in esta b lish m e n ts W ithin sc o p e of study 50 3, 1, 3, 2, 1, 80 0 600 100 40 0 80 0 800 (6) (6) (6) (6) 1 The Jack son Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tistica l A r e a c o n sists of Hinds County. The "w o r k e r s w ithin scope of stud y" e s tim a te s shown in this table p rovid e a rea so n a b ly a c cu ra te d escription of the s iz e and c o m p o sitio n of the lab or fo r c e included in the su rv e y . The e s tim a te s are not intended, h o w ev er, to s e r v e as a b a s is of c o m p a r iso n with other em p loym en t in dexes for the area to m e a s u r e em p lo y m en t tre n d s or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of w age su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the u se of esta b lish m e n t data co m p iled c o n sid e r a b ly in advance of the p a y r o ll p erio d studied, and (2) sm a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re ex clu d ed fr o m the scope of the su rv e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d ed ition of the Standard In d ustrial C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e sta b lish m e n ts by in d u stry d ivision . 3 In clud es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts with total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (within the area) of com p an ies in such in d u strie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ictu r e th e a te rs are c o n sid e r e d as 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s exclu d ed fr o m the sep a ra te o ffic e and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tra n sp ortation w e r e ex clu d ed . 6 T h is in d u stry d iv isio n is r e p r e se n te d in e stim a te s for " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s, and for " a l l in d u s tr ie s " in the S e r ie s Bta b le s. S ep arate p resen tation of data fo r this d iv isio n is not m ad e for one or m o r e of the follow in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m en t in the d iv isio n is too s m a ll to p rovide enough data to m e r it sep a r a te study, (2) the sam p le w as not d esign ed in itia lly to p e r m it se p a r a te p resen tation , (3) r e sp o n se w as in su fficie n t or inadequate to p e r m it sep a ra te p r esen ta tio n , and (4) th e re is p o s s ib ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual e s ta b lish m e n t data. 7 W o r k e r s fr o m this en tire in d u stry d ivision are re p r e se n te d in e s tim a te s for " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but fr o m the r e a l estate portion only in e s t im a t e s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s. S eparate p r e se n ta tio n of data for this d iv isio n is not m ad e for one or m o r e of the r e a s o n s given in footnote 6 above. 8 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v ic e s ; autom obile re p a ir sh o p s; m otion p ic tu r e s ; nonprofit m e m b e r sh ip o r g a n iza tio n s; and en g in eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . T ab le 2. In d exes of standard w ee k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h ou rly earn ing s fo r se le c te d oc cu p ation al g r o u p s, and p e r c e n ts of in c r e a s e fo r se le c te d p e r io d s , J a ck so n , M i s s . Index (F e b r u a r y 1961=100) O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w o m e n ). ______________ In d u stria l n u r s e s (m en and w om en) _____________ S k illed m ain ten an ce (m en) ------ _ ------------- ----U n sk ille d plant ( m e n )_______________________________ P e r c e n ts of in c r e a s e F e b r u a r y 1961 to F e b r u a r y 1962 F e b r u a r y i9 6 0 to F e b r u a r y 1961 F e b r u a r y 1964 F e b r u a r y 1963 to F e b r u a r y 1964 F e b r u a r y 1962 to F e b r u a r y 1963 11 0. 7 3. 7 3 .4 n (M i 1) (M (M 10 8. 3 11 6. 9 .5 4. 9 3 .6 2. 9 4. 0 2 8. 3 5 .0 4. 0 O ccupation al group Data do not m e et publication c r ite r ia . P e r c e n t of in c r e a se for m anufacturing w as 4 . 9 . 3. 3 1 .8 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A, B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; m e chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The indexes were computed by multiplying the ratios for each group aggregate for each period after the base year (1961). The indexes and percentages of change measure, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-time hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by premium pay for overtime. A: Occupational Earnings 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Jackson, M is s . , F ebru ary 1964) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers Weekly, hours (Standard) Weekly j earnings (Standard) NU M B ER OF W O R K E R S R E CE IVIN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W EEKLV E A RN IN G S OF— $40 Under and under $40 $45 $45 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $7 5 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $7 5 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 over 2 2 - 5 5 6 4 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 1 _ _ - - - 3 1 5 _ _ _ 4 . 2 2 - - - - - - - - - and Men _ _ _ _ - - " - _ _ 5 10 2 9 8 2 2 1 1 - - C le r k s, accounting, c la s s A ---------------------N onm anufacturing________________________ 30 19 40 . 0 40 . 0 $ 9 9 .5 0 98. 50 _ _ _ " - - C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B ----------------------- 35 40 . 0 79. 50 _ _ _ Office b o y s------------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing________________________ 18 17 39. 5 39. 5 57. 50 57. 50 " - 2 2 T ab u latin g-m ach ine o p e r a to r s, c la ss A ______________________________________ 20 40. 0 1 0 9 .0 0 - - - - T ab u latin g-m ach ine o p e r a to r s, c la ss B _ _ _ ........ Nonm anufacturing________________________ 16 16 40 . 0 40. 0 92. 00 92. 00 - - - 15 38. 5 68. 50 _ - - _ _ - - - 1 3 2 5 3 3 - - 1 1 - - - _ _ 2 1 4 3 6 _ 3 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 8 4 4 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 2 1 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ W om en B ille r s , m achine (billing m a c h in e )_______ _ 1 28 27 39. 5 39. 5 55. 00 54. 00 B ookkeeping-m achin e o p era to rs, c la ss A ______________________________________ N onm anufacturing ----------------------------------------------- 42 37 40. 0 40. 0 72. 00 7 1 .0 0 B ookkeeping-m achin e o p e r a to r s, c la ss B _________________________________________________ N onm anufacturing ______________________________ 50 38 4 0 .5 40. 5 62. 50 62. 00 - ~ C le r k s, accounting, c la s s A ______________ M anufacturing-------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing________________________ 63 18 45 40 . 0 40. 0 40 . 0 84. 50 91. 50 81. 50 . - _ - - - C le r k s, accounting, c la s s B _______________ Nonm anufacturing________________________ 200 193 38. 5 38. 5 68. 00 68. 00 - - “ C le r k s , file , c la s s B _______________________ N onm anufacturing------------------------------------- 44 44 38. 5 38. 5 55. 50 55. 50 - C le r k s, file , c la ss C _______________________ Nonm anufacturing________________________ 66 66 39. 5 39. 5 52. 00 52. 00 _ - C le r k s , ord er.._______________________________ 24 40 . 0 68. 50 - _ - - 4 4 _ - - - - " - - 1 1 _ - _ - _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - _ _ - - 1 _ 1 2 2 - 4 2 2 2 _ 2 _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 4 1 4 4 1 - 3 - 5 5 1 1 3 3 - - 3 2 9 7 4 2 1 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 22 19 16 2 2 - _ 5 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " - " - - " - - - 4 4 - " 1 - - - ' - 7 7 10 10 14 12 3 2 8 6 14 12 14 11 4 3 - - _ - _ - - - 3 3 6 6 - 3 3 15 15 45 44 28 27 - _ 21 21 19 19 2 2 - 7 7 47 47 10 10 - _ _ “ _ C le r k s , p a y r o l l ______________________________ Nonm anufacturing------------------------------------- 38 28 39. 5 39. 0 78. 50 79. 00 Keypunch o p e r a to r s, c la ss A _____________ Nonm anufacturing________________________ 34 26 39. 5 39. 5 67. 50 67. 50 _ _ _ " - " Keypunch o p e r a to r s, c la ss B ______________ N onm anufacturing________________________ Public u tilities 2 ______________________ 87 81 31 39. 5 39. 5 39. 0 61. 50 6 1 .0 0 67. 50 - - _ 5 5 - - - - - - - - 6 4 2 2 - - _ - - - - 6 2 2 2 - - " - 1 1 8 2 6 7 7 7 2 5 11 4 7 12 6 6 29 27 14 14 14 11 51 51 1 1 _ _ _ _ " 2 2 - - 2 2 _ _ _ - - - 2 3 10 7 5 4 6 4 5 5 4 2 6 5 5 ■5 25 25 2 17 17 3 16 13 5 - - - 14 14 _ _ | ------------ B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine)_____________________________________ Nonm anufacturing________________________ See footnotes at end of table 1 - " - - " _ - - _ _ " - _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ " - - - - _ . _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ - 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued (A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry division, Jackson, M is s ., F ebru ary 1964) Avbbagb Sex, occupation, and industry division NUM B ER OF W O RK ERS RE CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OF— Number of workers Weekly, hours (Standard) (Standard) $40 Under and $40 under $45 $45 $5 0 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $ 1 00 $1 0 5 $110 $1 15 $1 20 $125 $1 3 0 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $ 1 00 $1 05 $1 10 $ 1 15 $120 $125 $130 over 45 5 40 4 20 2 18 9 35 9 26 1 32 2 30 3 17 6 11 12 4 8 4 13 3 10 7 4 1 3 3 6 1 5 4 7 7 7 1 1 1 7 7 3 - ~ 1 1 1 _ - - - - - and W omen— Continued M anufacturing____________________________ N onm anuf actur ing Public u tilit ie s 2 257 33 224 48 4 0 .0 40 .0 39 .5 39 .0 $ 7 8 .0 0 83.00 77.00 94.00 _ - _ - Stenographers, general M anufacturing____ __________ __ __________ N onm anufacturing_______________________ Public u tilit ie s 2 153 18 135 59 39 .5 40 .0 39 .5 38.5 65 .50 65 .00 65.50 73.00 _ “ _ - 1 1 Stenographers, senior Nonmanufacturing 50 48 40 .0 40 .0 77.00 77.00 _ _ _ - Switchboard o p e r a to r s ----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing 44 39 42 .0 42 .5 54.00 53.50 3 10 10 3 3 Switchboard op era to r-rec ep tio n ists Nonmanufacturing 31 26 4 0 .5 40 .5 65 .0 0 63 .50 _ 39 .0 39 .0 39 .5 66.50 6 6 .00 70.00 _ - 39 .0 39 .0 57.00 57.00 _ _ - " 58 ------ 45“ 21 T y p ists, c la s s A Nonmanufacturing _ Public u tilities 2 — 136 136 T y p ists, c la ss B Nonmanufacturing _ - 5 5 1 16 16 " 36 36 " 28 1 27 2 31 3 28 8 20 4 16 7 28 5 23 7 13 2 11 10 5 1 4 3 21 1 20 19 3 1 2 2 2 2 _ - 1 1 1 - _ - - - “ " “ ■ " _ 6 6 9 8 3 3 6 5 3 3 _ _ _ _ - - " " 10 10 _ - 9 9 _ - 4 4 * - 5 5 9 6 2 2 4 3 5 4 2 2 _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ _ - _ - - - " " " - - “ _ _ 3 2 5 5 5 2 1 1 2 1 _ - - - - - - - 2 2 . - 6 6 _ - 7 7 " - " " " _ - _ - 1 1 4 4 3 11 9 3 5 3 1 6 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ “ 19 15 9 _ - 12 9 “ - - - - - " _ 1 1 63 63 31 31 28 28 8 8 1 1 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - " _ _ _ " _ ■ - - - - 1 Standard hours refle ct the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e 2 T ransportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. 3 W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 8 at $30 to $ 3 5 ; and 2 at $3 5 to $ 4 0 . - _ - - _ “ - - - - “ sa la rie s and the earnings correspond to these w eekly h ou rs. Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men (A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry division, Jackson, M is s ., F ebru ary 1964) A vbbaqb Number of workers Occupation 20 D raftsm en , senior Standard hours refle ct the workweek for which Weekly hours1 (Standard) 40 .0 em ployees W eek ly. earnings1 (Standard) $110.50 receive N U M B ER OF W O RK ERS RECE IVIN G ST R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OF— $75 and under $80 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $1 1 0 $1 15 $1 20 $1 25 $1 30 $135 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $1 15 $1 20 $1 25 $ 1 30 $1 35 $1 40 2 2 3 3 3 2 their 1 regular 4 stra igh t-tim e sa la r ie s and the earnings corresp ond to these w eekly h ours. _ - Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (Average stra igh t-tim e w eekly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Jackson, M is s ., F ebru ary 1964) Number of workers Occupation and industry division Number of workers Average weekly j earnings (Standard) Occupation and industry division 43 29 $ 7 9 .0 0 8 1 .00 Stenographers, sen ior------------------------------------ ____________— Nonmanufacturing - - 50 48 $7 7 .0 0 77.00 34 26 6 7 .50 67 .5 0 Switchboard operators _ N onmanuf a c tur ing---------------------------------------------------------- 44 39 54.00 53.50 87 81 31 61 .5 0 61 .0 0 6 7 .50 Switchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists------------------------------N onmanuf actur ing---------------------------------------------------------- 31 26 65.00 6 3 .50 Tabulating-m achine op erators, class A ------------------------ 20 109.00 29 28 56 .50 57.00 Tabulating-m achine op erators, class B 1\(nnmaniifarhiring . .. 37 37 80.50 80.50 Manufacturing_____________________________ — ------------Nrmrnamifa r.tnr ing _ . ____ Pn^l'jr^ - .. 257 33 224 48 78.00 83 .0 0 77.00 94 .00 58 46 21 66.50 66.00 70.00 138 138 57.50 57.50 Stenographers, g e n e r a l_________________________________ Manufacturing-------------------------------------------------------------N onmanuf ac tur ing_____ ______________________ ___ —— O7 Pilblir .. r 154 18 136 60 65 .50 66 .0 0 65 .5 0 73 .00 20 110.50 Occupation and industry division earnings1 (Standard) rtl ft ''bin** (Hilling B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine)-------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------------------------------- an c u g B ookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B _— — -----— 55.00 54.00 43 37 72.50 71.00 50 38 62.50 62.00 ____________ 235 19 216 69.50 78.50 69.00 c la ss B ____________________________________ 44 44 55.50 55.50 66 66 52.00 52.00 Nonmanufacturing---------------------------------— ------------------ , an 28 27 89.50 95.00 86.50 C lerk s, accounting, c la ss B __________ m $68.50 93 29 64 C lerk s, accounting, c la ss A ------------------------------------------ C lerk s, file , 15 ® . tu g C le r k s , payroil ________ 'M ani^arturiTig _ _ ___ _________- _________ Nnnmamifar-tivrTnjT Pul^l i ^ ^^1"i^ e ^ earnings^ (Standard) Office occupations— Continued Office occupations— Continued O ffice occupations Number of workers _ _____ T yp ists, c la ss A -------------------------------- —----------------------------Nonmanufacturing _ ------ Public utilities 2 ________________________________________ T yp ists, class B _ ___ ___ _ ____ ____ __ ____ ______ P rofession al and technical occupations D raftsm en , senior _ __ 1 E arnings relate to regu lar stra igh t-tim e w eekly salarie s that are paid for standard workweeks. 2 Tran sportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Jackson, M is s ., Febru ary 1964) N UM BER OF W O RK ERS R E CE IVIN G S T R A IG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN ING S O F Number of workers Occupation and industry division Average hourly . earnings $ 1 .5 0 Under and $ 1 .5 0 under $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .30 $3 .4 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .10 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $3.40 $3 .50 28 26 $ 2 .7 0 2.70 _ 19 2.93 _ _ _ ----- 22 22 2.69 2.69 _ _ 72 65 51 2.45 2.45 2.41 - - M ech anics, autom otive (maintenance) ____ Nonm anufacturing-------------------------------------- — P ublic u tilities 2 ______ _________ ________ _ - M ech anics, m aintenance— _ M anufacturing_____ 77 72 2.50 2.44 1 1 1 1 2 2 E le c tr ic ia n s, maintenance _ _____ __ __ __ M anufacturing_________ ___ — ------------ ---- E n gin eers, sta tio n a ry --------- ------------- --------- M ach in ists, maintenance _______ __ __ _ M anufacturing --------------------- ----- _ _____ __ _ __ _ __ — _____ — - - - 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ - _ - 1 1 - 2 - 8 8 2 2 - _ E xcludes prem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. T ransportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. - - 1 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 30 30 30 - 1 1 - 8 _ - _ 12 12 5 5 11 11 - 3 3 - _ 1 _ - 4 4 4 _ 2 12 12 _ - 4 4 - 3 3 - _ - 1 1 - 8 6 6 4 3 1 - 11 11 4 4 4 4 9 9 _ 2 2 6 6 6 - - 2 10 10 9 8 - 2 2 _ - 1 - _ - _ _ _ . . - - _ - 12 12 12 _ _ _ - 11 _ _ _ - 4 - 8 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Jackson, M i s s ., F ebru ary 1964) N U M BER OF W O RK ERS RECEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY E A RN IN G S OF— O ccupation 1 and industry division Number of workers $ 0 .7 0 $0 .8 0 $0 .9 0 $1 .00 $1 .1 0 $ 1 .20 $1 .30 $1 .4 0 $1.50 $1 .60 $1 .7 0 $1.80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 Average hourly , earnings Under and $0 .7 0 under $0 .80 $0 .9 0 $1 .00 $ 1 .10 $1 .2 0 $ 1 .30 $ 1 .40 $1 .5 0 $1.60 $1 .70 $1 .80 $1.90 $2.00 $2.10 $2.20 $2.30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $2 .9 0 $ 3 .00 $3 .1 0 $3 .2 0 E levator op erators, passenger (w omen)----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing_____________________ 37 -------T7 $ 0 .8 4 .ST 3 14 ~ r r - - - " ~ " 16 T5 Guards and watchmen------------------------------M anufacturing--------------------------------------W atch m en ---------------------------------------- 75 51 34 1.56 1.51 1.28 - - - - - 2 - ■ _ ■ " Janitors, p o rte rs, and clean ers (m e n ) _____ ___ __ ___________ _____________ Manufacturing ________________________ Nonmanufacturing--------- — -----------Public u tilit ie s 1 4 ___________________ 3 2 325 114 211 19 1.31 1.47 1.22 1.49 13 13 - 4 4 10 10 15 3 12 " ■ _ “ " Janitors, p o rte rs, and clean ers (w om en)________ ________________ ______ Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------- 103 98 1.19 1.18 1 1 2 2 - - 23 23 - " L a b o r e rs, m aterial handling___________ M anufacturing--------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------- 343 267 76 1.48 1.45 1.55 . - . . . . - - - - " - " _ . 5 5 5 9 - 8 5 4 4 - 5 2 2 190 50 140 “ 15 4 11 8 15 10 5 1 34 26 8 8 2 2 1 10 7 3 2 2 " 70 65 5 5 1 1 - - - “ 168 134 34 55 43 12 2 2 34 34 7 2 5 _ . 17 8 . 4 _ ~ " _ 3 3 ~ 6 6 - 4 4 5 5 - " - - 56 12 44 " 4 4 3 3 30 27 - 2 2 26 9 17 - “ Order f i l l e r s ---------------------------------------------- 36 1.39 Shipping and receivin g c le r k s ---------------Nonmanufacturing--------- -------------------- 27 19 2.1 4 2.15 _ “ T ru ck d rivers 5------------------------ ---------------M anufacturing--------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------Public u tilities 4 ---------- --------- — 241 88 153 39 1.78 1.54 1.91 2.87 - - T ru ck d rivers, light (under 1V2 tons)— ----------------------- --------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------- 75 72 1.29 1.30 _ _ - 6 6 _ - T ru ck d rivers, m edium ( 1V2 to and including 4 tons)______ _ ---------------Manufacturing---------- -------------------Nonmanufacturing--------------------------Public u tilit ie s 4 ------------------------ 80 20 60 30 2.09 1.40 2.32 3.0 0 - - - - 64 61 1.56 1.54 T ru ck ers, power (fo r k lift)______________ - - " 10 9 1 Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except where otherw ise indicated. 2 E xcludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. 3 A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 0 .4 0 to $ 0 .5 0 . 4 Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. 5 Includes all d rivers r eg a r d le ss of size and type of truck operated. 1 1 30 27 27 . - 2 4 — T~ ------ T - - 4 4 - 2 2 - ■ 8 8 _ 1 1 " " _ 6 4 2 11 5 6 25 23 2 18 14 4 4 4 “ 6 _ . _ . 1 “ 2 2 - 2 2 2 2 2 _ 8 3 " 27 29 18 1 8 21 9 3 35 33 2 12 10 2 . _ _ - - - 1 1 1 1 - - 9 9 21 21 1 1 - - - - 4 4 - 2 2 - 1 1 6 4 2 - - “ “ 6 6 6 — 6— - “ 4 8 8 - 28 28 - . . 1 1 2 2 1 1 22 22 10 2 2 _ 1 1 1 _ _ " “ 13 2 11 1 . - - - _ - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 - - - 10 10 " 1 1 1 3 3 _ 2 2 1 3 3 2 2 9 6 3 " - - 1 1 1 3 3 - 2 2 " “ " 24 24 24 1 1 - 4 2 - ~ “ 12 12 10 - - “ - 19 19 19 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 9 Table B-l. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D istrib u tio n of esta b lish m en ts studied in a ll in d u strie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by m in im u m en tran ce s a la r y for s e le c te d c a te g o r ie s o f in ex p er ien c ed w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s , J a ck so n , M i s s . , F e b r u a r y 1964) Other in ex p erien c ed c le r ic a l w o rk ers 2 In exp e rie n ced typ ists M anufacturing M in im u m w eek ly s t r a ig h t -t im e s a l a r y 1 A ll in du stries B a sed on stand ard w eekly h ours 3 of— A ll in d u strie s B a sed on standard w eekly h ours 3 of— A ll sch ed u les 40 A ll sch edu les 40 Nonm anufacturing M an ufactu ring N onm anufacturing A ll sch e d u les 40 A ll sch e d u les 40 E s ta b lis h m e n ts s t u d i e d ---------------------------------------------------------------- 77 25 XXX 52 XXX 77 25 XXX 52 XXX E s ta b lis h m e n ts h aving a s p e c ifie d m i n i m u m _______________ 26 6 6 20 13 33 7 7 26 18 under $ 3 7 . 50-------------------------------------------------------under $ 4 0 . 0 0 _____________________________________ under $ 4 2 . 5 0 _____________________________________ under $ 4 5 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------under $ 4 7 . 5 0 _____________________________________ under $ 5 0 . 0 0 --------------------------------------------------- under $ 5 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------under $ 5 5 . 0 0 ------------------------------------- -----------under $ 5 7 . 5 0 ___________________________________ under $ 6 0 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------under $ 6 2 . 50_____________________________________ under $ 6 5 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------under $ 6 7 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------under $ 7 0 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------o v e r — ------------------------------------------------------------------ _ 2 17 2 1 1 1 1 1 _ 5 1 - _ 5 1 _ 2 12 2 1 1 1 _ 5 1 1 1 1 3 1 15 2 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 20 2 1 1 1 1 1 _ 5 1 1 " _ 9 1 1 1 1 E s ta b lis h m e n ts h aving no s p e c ifie d m in im u m ---------------------- 4 1 XXX 3 XXX 6 1 XXX 5 XXX E s ta b lis h m e n ts w hich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in this c a te g o r y ____ ____________________________________________ 47 18 XXX 29 XXX 38 17 XXX 21 XXX $ 3 5 . 00 $ 3 7 . 50 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 50. 00 $ 52. 50 $ 55 . 00 $ 57 . 50 $ 6 0 . 00 $ 6 2 . 50 $ 6 5 . 00 $ 6 7 . 50 $ 7 0 .0 0 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and - - T h e s e s a la r ie s r e la te to fo r m a lly e sta b lish e d m in im u m sta rtin g (hirin g) re g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s that a r e paid fo r stand ard w o r k w e e k s. E x c lu d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c le r ic a l jo b s su ch as m e s s e n g e r or o ffic e g ir l. D ata a r e p r e se n te d fo r a ll stand ard w ork w eek s com b in ed, and for the m o s t c o m m o n stand ard w ork w eek re p o r te d . - 1 10 Table B-2. Shift Differentials (Shift differentials of manufacturing plant w orkers by type and amount of differential, Jackson, M i s s ., February 1964) Percent of manufacturing plant w orkers— In establishments having form al p ro v isio n s1 for— Shift differential Total ___ — With shift pay differential _ ____ _ __ Uniform cents (per hour) _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 c e n t s ____ — — _ 4 c e n ts -----5 c e n ts ____ ____ 6 c e n ts _— — _ 7 cents — 9 c e n t s ------------ — 10 cents _ __ 12 cen ts— U niform percentage — 10 percent— — __ _ __ — — — _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ With no shift pay differential - _______ -------- Actually working on-— Second shift work Third or other shift work Second shift 71. 4 7 1 .4 14. 5 5. 4 62. 4 6 2 .4 12. 2 3. 5 58. 2 58. 2 10. 4 3. 4 2. 3 9. 2 29. 4 3. 7 7. 2 2. 5 3 .9 _ 31. 7 2. 8 1 6 .4 .9 2. 5 3 .9 . 1. 5. . 2. - 4. 2 4. 2 4. 2 4. 2 1. 9 . 1 9. 1 9. 1 2. 2 2. 0 - 1 7 0 1 5 - Third or other shift _ - 1. 7 - .7 - 1. 0 1. 0 1. 9 . 1 1 Includes establishm ents currently operating late shifts, and establishm ents with form al provision s covering late shifts even though they were not currently operating late shifts. 11 Table B-3. Scheduled W eekly Hours (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours of first-sh ift w orkers, Jackson, M i s s ., February 1964) O F FIC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W O RK ERS W e e k ly h ou rs All industries A l l w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 7 V2 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 7 V2 and under 4 0 h o u r s ------------------------------4 0 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 and under 44 h o u r s _______________________ 44 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 4 and under 4 8 h o u r s ----------------------------------4 8 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------50 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 50 h o u r s ________________________________________ 1 2 3 4 100 1 M anufacturing 100 21 Public utilities 2 All industries 3 100 100 100 49 1 1 60 6 6 5 8 6 7 75 5 6 9 96 - 2 - - 6 64 3 1 78 - - 2 2 2 1 5 13 (4 ) (4 ) - - 2 51 M anufacturing In clud es data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; finance, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s. In clud es data fo r w h o le sa le tr a d e , r e ta il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0 . 5 p e r c e n t. Public utilities 2 100 3 - - - - 4 12 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Jackson, M iss. , February 1964) PLAN T W ORKERS OFFICE W O R K E R S Item A ll industries A ll w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------- W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g paid h o lid a y s -----------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g no paid h o lid a y s ------------------------------------------------------ 1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 84 89 87 “ 16 11 13 2 _ 14 5 14 3 3 4 5 4 18 3 30 9 5 7 4 3 6 25 39 40 77 78 82 84 25 55 58 76 79 85 89 1 ", M anufacturing Publio u tilities2 N u m ber of days 1 3 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 h o lid ay----------------------------------------------------------------------h o lid a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------h o lid a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------h o lid a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day--------------------------------------h olid ays plus 2 h alf d a y s ------------------------------------h o lid a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------h olid ays plus 2 h alf d a y s ------------------------------------h o lid a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day--------------------------------------h o lid a y s -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 1 57 4 1 4 3 5 7 6 17 5 24 8 7 _ - 4 12 37 2 3 20 13 73 - 2 1 “ 21 2 1 7 3 6 70 “ T otal h olid ay tim e 4 8 d a y s --------------------------------------------------------------------------7 V2 days or m o r e ___________________________________ 7 days or m o r e ---------------------------------------------------------6 days or m o r e ---------------------------------------------------------5V2 days or m o r e -----------------------------------------------------5 days or m o r e __________________ _________________ 4 days or m o r e ---------------------------------------------------------3 days or m o r e ______________________________________ 1 day or m o r e ------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1 _ 5 29 34 38 95 96 98 99 22 37 61 65 82 89 95 86 88 88 100 100 100 100 100 4 _ 11 76 80 80 87 87 87 87 1 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v i c e s , in addition to those in du stry d ivision s shown s e p a r a t e ly . 2 T r a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilit ie s . 3 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tr a d e , r e ta il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v i c e s , in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 A ll com b in ation s o f fu ll and h alf days that add to the s a m e am ount are com b in ed ; fo r e x a m p le , the p rop ortion of w o rk ers rec eiv in g a to ta l of 7 d ays in clu d es th o se with 7 fu ll d ays and no h a lf d a y s, 6 fu ll days and 2 h alf d a y s, 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s , and so on. P r o p o r tio n s w e r e then cu m u lated . 13 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Jackson, M is s . , February 1964) PLAN T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S Vacation policy All industries A ll w orkers__ _ _ ___ ___ ___ ___ — __ 2 Manufacturing Public utilities 3 All industries 4 Manufacturing Pu blic u tilities3 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 100 100 - - - - - 91 77 9 4 2 87 68 20 - 100 100 - 9 13 4 19 1 7 9 4 52 - - - Method of payment W orkers in establishm ents providing paid vacations— — ------ — — - — L ength-of-tim e paym ent--------------------------------Percentage payment— ---------- — ------F la t-su m payment — — — — — O ther______ _____ __ — ----__ _ W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid vacations____________ — — — — — (5) - - Amount of vacation pay 6 After 6 months of service Under 1 week- ___ _ _ -------- _ _ — 1 week__________ __________ — -------- — — 2 w eek s -------------------------------------------------- (5) 61 1 _ 34 _ 27 72 _ 54 46 _ 63 37 6 64 21 _ 78 7 _ 64 36 _ 7 1 91 _ 15 6 34 5 47 _ 84 _ 9 5 86 37 4 46 _ 15 16 69 _ 15 _ 7 6 25 3 58 _ 29 4 54 6 18 3 65 _ 15 4 68 6 15 1 71 9 _ - - 79 100 1 54 After 1 year of service TTnHor 1 n/»o1r 1 week- __ ____— --------2 w eek s______ ___ ____ ____ -------- ___ — --- ----- - ____ After 2 years of service Under 1 week______ _ ___ ___ 1 week __ _ ____ __ ___ ____ _____ Over 1 and under 2 w eek s ---- _ 2 weeks ________ _________________ _ ----____ _______ — — — — --- — --- - After 3 years of service Under 1 week— ----------------------— --1 week-------------- „ _ -------------------------- — ----Over 1 and under 2 w eek s------------— — ____ 2 weeks ______ ___ ___ _ — — — — _ _ 6 (5) 94 - - 85 93 _ 4 (5) 96 _ 12 88 _ 100 _ 3 (5) 93 3 _ 9 - - - 91 100 _ 7 - 93 After 4 years of service Under 1 week- ------------------ -------- -------- — -----1 week_______________ ______ _____ ___ __ ___ Over 1 and under 2 w eek s----------------------------------2 w eek s------------------------------------------------------------------- - _ 4 - 96 After 5 years of service Under 1 week______________ _____ _____ — — 1 week-________ ______ ______ _______________________ Over 1 and under 2 w eek s -------------------------2 w eek s ----------- --------- ----- — ----- ---- See fo o tn o tes at end of ta b le . - 14 Table B-5. Paid Vacations1— Continued (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Jackson, M is s ., February 1964) PLAN T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S V a c a tio n p o lic y A ll industries 2 M anufacturing Public utilities3 All industrial4 M anufacturing P u blic utilities3 A m ount of v acatio n pay 6— Continued A fte r 10 y e a r s of se r v ic e Under 1 w e e k ________ - ____ — _____________________ 1 w e e k .__ . . . . . _______ . . . . . . . _____________ ______________ 2 w e e k s _____________ — _ __________ __________ 3 w e e k s _____ — ._______ __ ___ __ ___ _______ _______ _ _ 3 63 33 9 79 12 49 51 _ _ 6 13 60 12 6 73 9 _ _ _ 65 35 3 53 6 38 9 71 20 18 13 70 6 13 51 3 19 6 65 16 _ 33 6 61 3 23 74 9 51 39 5 95 6 13 34 39 6 41 41 _ 13 87 _ 5 95 6 13 32 35 5 _ 6 38 39 5 _ _ 13 84 3 - 13 32 26 14 A fte r 12 y e a rs of s e r v ic e Under 1 w ee k _________________________________________ 1 w ee k __________________ ____ _ __ ____ ___ ____ 2 w e e k s __ ________ ____ _____ ______ _______ _____ O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s _________ ______________ 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------------- A fte r 15 y e a rs of s e r v ic e Under 1 w ee k _____________ ________________________ 1 w ee k —_— ___ ____________ __________ ______ ______ 2 w e e k s ________________________________________________ 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------------- A fte r 20 y e a rs of s e r v ic e Under 1 w ee k _________________________________________ 1 w ee k __________________ ___ ___________ _ __ _ ___ 2 w eeks -- .. _,__ 3 w e e k s _____________ _____ ______ ________ ______ 4 w e e k s ______________ _______ _ _____________ ___ _ _ 3 23 67 8 9 51 32 7 3 23 39 35 9 51 27 12 A fte r 25 y e a rs of se r v ic e Under 1 w ee k --------------------- -------------------------------------1 w ee k _____ __________________ ______ ____ ______ 2 w eek s _ --------------- -------- ---------------------------3 w e e k s ________________________ ___________ __________ 4 w e e k s _______ ___ _________________________________ 6 5 45 49 _ 6 38 35 9 _ 13 52 35 1 Includes b a sic plans only. E x c lu d es plans such as v a c a tio n -s a v in g s and those p la n s w hich offer "e x te n d e d " or "s a b b a t ic a l" ben efits b eyond b a s ic plans to w o r k e r s with qualifyin g lengths of s e r v ic e . T y p ic a l of such e x clu sio n s are plans r e c e n tly n egotiated in the ste e l, alu m in um , and can in d u str ie s. 2 Includes data for w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su ran ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 3 T ran sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s . 4 Includes data for w h o le sa le tra d e , r e t a il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those in du stry d ivisions shown sep a ra tely . 5 L e s s than 0.5 p erc en t. 6 Includes p aym en ts other than "le n g th of t i m e , " such as p erc en ta g e of annual earn ings or f la t -s u m p aym en ts, converted to an equivalent tim e b a s is ; fo r e x a m p le , a p aym ent of 2 p ercen t of annual earn ing s w as c o n sid ere d as 1 w e e k 's pay. P e r io d s of s e r v ic e w e r e a r b itr a r ily chosen and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individual p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the changes in p rop ortion s in dicated at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e include changes in p r o v isio n s o c cu rrin g betw een 5 and 10 y e a rs. E stim a te s are cu m u lative. T h u s, the p r o p o r tio n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s' pay or m o r e after 5 y e a r s in clu d es those who r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s' pay or m o r e a fter few er y e a r s of s e r v ic e . 15 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (Percent of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, 1 Jackson, M i s s ., February 1964)1 * 4 3 2 PLAN T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S Type of benefit All industrial A ll w orkers______________ ____________________ 2 M anufacturing Publie utilities 3 All industries4 Manufacturing Public utilitiM 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 W orkers in establishments providing: 94 85 100 76 80 100 60 21 95 38 26 84 75 80 84 63 74 81 Sickness and accident insurance-------------Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period)-----------------------------------------Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period)------------------------------------------ 28 49 22 38 41 33 53 47 26 15 15 22 13 " 56 *1 28 47 Hospitalization insurance__________________ Surgical insurance------------------------------------------M edical insurance------------------------------------------Catastrophe insurance------------ -----------------------Retirement p e n sio n __________________________ No health, insurance, or pension p la n ____ 95 95 60 72 78 3 89 89 48 41 62 11 100 100 98 83 92 84 84 50 51 45 16 86 86 41 44 57 14 100 100 93 78 79 Life insurance _______________________________ Accidental death and dism em berm ent insurance------------- ----------------------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both 5------------------------------------- 1 Includes those plans for which atleast a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer, except those legally required, such as workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad 2 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and service s, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities, 4 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services, in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. * Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are lim ited to those whichdefinitely establish minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. retirement. at least the 16 Table B-7. Paid Sick Leave (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by formal sick leave provisions, Jackson, M iss. , February 1964) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T W ORKERS S ick le a v e p r o v isio n All industries1 M anufacturing Public utilities 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 6 .9 4 7 .4 33 .1 5 2 .6 19.1 19.1 1.5 - “ 10 d a y s--------------------------------------------------------12 d a y s--------------------------------------------------------20 d a y s_____ ______________________________ 65 d a y s------------------ -------------------- -----------W aiting p e r io d ------------------------------------- -------------P a r tia l pay o n ly ---------- ----- ------------------------ 25.1 25.1 4 .5 6 .7 8 .4 .6 1.9 1.2 .6 2.1 1 .4 1.9 9.1 4 .6 - G raduated p la n 4— A fte r 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e : No w aiting p e r io d ____________________ _________ F u ll pay 5 ----------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ------------------------------------- — -----------10 d a y s--------------------------------------------------------15 d a y s----------------------------------------- -----------40 d a y s--------------------------------------------------------F u ll pay plus p a rtia l pay 5 --------- -------------15 d a y s -------------------------------------------------22 d a y s--------------------------------------------------------W aiting p e r io d ------------------------------------- -------------F u ll pay_______________________________________ P a r tia l pay o n ly ______________________________ 2 8 .2 13 .5 2 .4 3 .6 3 .7 3.1 14.7 9 .8 2 .7 1 1 .4 1.7 9 .6 3 9 .6 9 .9 2 .4 3 .6 2.6 29 .7 5 .4 10.3 9 .6 - A ll w o r k e r s ______________________________ ___________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g f o r m a l paid s ic k le a v e ------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in esta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g no fo r m a l paid sic k le a v e ------------------------------------- 2 All industries 3 M anufacturing 100.0 100.0 8 2 .7 36.1 4 3 .0 69 .1 17.3 6 3 .9 5 7 .0 3 0 .9 6.2 6.2 - 11 .5 11.5 1.8 1.6 1 4 .9 1 4 .9 - 8 .5 8 .5 _ - - 1.9 6 .9 6 .9 1.5 1.3 4 .2 1.1 1.0 1.0 3 .2 9 .2 2 .5 .9 .9 _ 8 .5 _ 3 .7 3.7 2 8 .2 2 8 .2 2 3 .2 - 20.2 20.2 1.6 18 .6 4 9 .3 4 9 .3 3.7 2.0 .4 1.5 1.8 1.1 19.9 2.7 17.2 _ 2 7 .2 2 7 .2 13 .2 13 .2 2 .9 10 .3 4 3 .7 11.6 32 .1 2 8 .2 2 8 .2 19.3 - 6 9 .5 20.2 1.6 18 .6 4 9 .3 4 9 .3 - 2 7 .2 4 5 .3 13 .2 2 .9 10 .3 32 .1 _ 32 .1 11.6 11.6 - 2.8 Pu blic utilities 1 2 100.0 T y p e and amount o f p a id s ic k le a v e p ro v id e d an n u ally U n iform plan : 4 No w aiting p e r io d ______________ ________________ F u ll p a y 5 -------- __ -------- __ -----------------------5 d a y s ---------------------------------- ----------- ------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------------- G raduated p la n 4— A fte r 10 y e a r s of s e r v ic e : No w aiting p e r io d ________________________________ F u ll p a y 5 -------------- — — ------------------------------10 d a y s------------------ ------------------------------- _ 55 d a y s---------------------------------------- -------------130 d a y s ____________________________________ F u ll pay plus p a rtia l p a y 5 --------------------------50 d a y s______________________________________ 65 d a y s---------------------------- -----------------70 d a y s------------------ ----------------------------------W aiting p e r io d ____________________________________ F u ll pay__________________ - ______ _______ ____ P a r tia l pay o n ly ----------------------------------- ------- - - - - 9 .5 2.0 .4 1.5 7 .5 1.0 1.1 4 .8 14.1 1.7 12 .4 - 4 .6 - 2 7 .2 P r o v is io n s for a c cu m u la tio n W o r k e r s in esta b lish m e n ts having p r o v isio n s fo r accu m u latio n of unused s ic k l e a v e ----------------------------------- -------- - 1 2 .4 3 .9 - 1 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e; fin a n c e, in su r a n ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v i c e s , in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . 2 T ra n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s . 3 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , r e ta il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s , in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 "U n ifo r m p la n s " are defined as those f o r m a l plans under w hich an e m p lo y e e , a fter 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e , is entitled to the sam e num ber of d a y s' paid sic k le a v e ea ch y e a r . "G r a d u a te d p la n s " are defin ed as those f o r m a l plans u nder w hich an e m p lo y e e 's le ave v a r ie s a c cord in g to length of s e r v ic e . P erio d s of se r v ic e w ere a r b it r a r ily c h o se n . E s tim a te s r e fle c t p r o v isio n s ap p licab le at the stated length of s e r v ic e but do not r e fle c t p r o v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . T h u s, the p rop ortion rec e iv in g 15 d ays' s ic k leave after 10 y e a r s of s e r v ic e m a y a ls o r e c e iv e this am ount a fter g r e a te r or l e s s e r lengths o f s e r v ic e . * M ay include p r o v isio n s other than those p resen ted se p a r a te ly . N u m b ers of days shown under " F u ll pay plus p artial p a y " are days fo r w hich w o r k e r s r e c e iv e s ic k le a v e at fu ll pay; w o r k e r s a re en titled to additional days of s ic k le a v e at p a r tia l pay. Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose o f preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu reau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A . Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from custom ers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping m achine).U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slip s. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A, Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 17 CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, adjusting, and closin g journal entries; and may direct cla ss B a c counting clerks. Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple co st accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge o f accounting and book keeping principles but is found in o ffice s in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A , In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter file s, cla ssifie s and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records o f various types in con junction with the file s. May lead a small group o f lower level file clerks. Class B. Sorts, cod es, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly cla ssified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER R eceives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the follow ing: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating o f customer, acknowledge receipt o f orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance o f other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Class CmPerforms routine filing o f material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily cla ssified in a simple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ica l). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file o f used sten cils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 19 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C lass A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding sk ills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class BmUnder clo s e supervision or following sp ecific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follow s specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or cod es, missing information, e tc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and d is tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and SECRETARY — Continued making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain file s, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the follow ing: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge o f general busi ness and office procedures and o f the sp ecific business operations, organization, p o licie s, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup file s; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, e tc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. 20 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE O PERATO R-Continued Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part o f this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A. Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production of a group o f tabulating-machine operators. Class B, Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specia lized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make cop ies o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerica l work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A, Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B, Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance pol icie s, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 21 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN DRAFTSMAN—Continued Leader. Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Inter preting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. Senior. Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cro ss-se ctio n s, e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of com plete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe cia lized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. Junior (assistant). Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be come ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other estab lishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees' in juries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carry ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu ation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel fare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in goodrepair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made o f wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter's handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 22 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, d is tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay outs, or other sp ecification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establish ments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction o f machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selectin g feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts add new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety o f ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo s e toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds o f machining; knowledge of the working 23 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or sp ecia lized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or d efective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually a c quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use o f handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production o f a replacementpart by a machine shop or sendingof the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work o f a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of.mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work o f the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specification s; cutting various siz e s of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 24 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers;making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation o f vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, sh elves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out o f work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written sp ecifica tion s; using a variety o f tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling o f machines; heattreating o f metal parts during fabrication as well as o f finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo se tolerances; fitting and assem bling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; and selectin g appro priate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine p olice duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and ch eck on identity o f em ployees and other persons entering. 25 PACKER, SHIPPING JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance serv ices; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who sp ecia lize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge o f various items o f stock in order to verify content; selection o f appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels Packers who also make or entering identifying data on container. wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one 'or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. sible for incoming shipments o f merchandise or other materials. ping work involves: routes, Ship A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work involves: May Receiving Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follows: R eceiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 26 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline** or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy {over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type o f truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request— The fourth annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, attorneys, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsmen, tracers, job analysts, directors o f personnel, managers of office services, and clerical employees. Order as BLS Bulletin 1387, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Tech nical, and Clerical Pay, February—March 1963* 40 cents a copy. Occupational W age Surveys A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, E». C. , 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. Area Bulletin number Price Price 25 25 25 20 25 25 25 40 Omaha, Nebr. —Iowa 1___________________________ Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N. J ________________ Philadelphia, P a .-N .J 1________________________ Phoenix, A riz__________________________________ Pittsburgh, P a _________________________________ Portland, Maine1_______________________________ Portland, Or eg. —W ash________________________ Providence—Pawtucket, R. L —M ass1___________ Raleigh, N. C 1______________ ___________________ Richmond, Va 1________________ *________________ 1385-14 1345-76 1385-31 1345-57 1385-38 1385-22 1345-73 1345-70 1385-7 1385-23 25 20 30 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Rockford, 111___________________________________ St. Louis ^ M o .-I ll___________________________ Salt Lake City, Utah___________________________ San Antonio, T ex1_______________ -______________ San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, Calif1____ San Diego, Calif_______________________________ San Francisco—Oakland, Calif1__ _______________ Savannah, Ga__________________________________ Scranton, P a 1__________________________________ Seattle, Wash1_________________________________ 1345-55 1385-21 1385-28 1345-78 1385-9 1385-13 1385-36 1345-60 1385-8 1385-10 20 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux Falls, S. Dak1___________________________ South Bend, Ind_________ . . . ____________________ Spokane, Wash1, _____________-__________________ Toledo, Ohio1__________________________________ Trenton, N. J __________________________________ Washington, D .C .-M d .-V a ____________________ Waterbury, Conn_______________________________ Waterloo, Iowa__________________________ ____ — Wichita, Kans__________________________________ Worcester, Mass_________ _____________________ York, P a _______________________ -______________ 1385-20 1345-52 1345-66 1345-51 1385-27 1385-17 1345-49 1385-18 1385-6 1345-80 1345-41 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 20 20 20 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1345-81 1345-53 1345-63 1345-45 1345-71 1385-24 1345-67 1345-56 1345-74 1385-16 20 20 20 20 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Buffalo, N. Y ____________________________ Burlington, Vt 1.............................................. . Canton, Ohio____________________________ Charleston, W. V a ______________________ Charlotte, N. C __________________________ Chattanooga, Tenn.—G a_________________ Chicago, 1111____________________________ Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky_____________________ Cleveland, Ohio_________________________ Columbus, Ohio_________________________ 1385-33 1345-50 1345-64 1345-61 1345-58 1385-5 1345-65 1345-54 1385-11 1385-25 25 25 20 20 20 20 30 20 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Dallas, T e x _______________ ._____________ Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111 Dayton, Ohio 1__________________________ Denver, Colo1__________________________ Des Moines, Iowa ______________________ Detroit, Mich1__________________________ Fort Worth, Tex________________________ Green Bay, W is_________________________ Greenville, S. C _________________________ Houston, T e x ___________________________ 1385-15 1385-12 1385-40 1385-34 1345-42 1345-47 1385-19 1385-4 1345-68 1345-82 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 20 20 25 Indianapolis, End 1_______________________ Jackson, Miss 1 _________________________ Jacksonville, F la _______________________ Kansas City, Mo.-Kans 1_______________ Lawrence—Haverhill, M ass.—N. H --------Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark------Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif1_______ Louisville, Ky. —Ind 1____________________ Lubbock, Tex___________________________ Manchester, N. H_______________________ Memphis , Tenn 1________________________ 1385-30 1385-41 1385-32 1385-26 1345-77 1385-3 1345-62 1345-48 1345-72 1385-1 1385-35 25 25 20 25 20 20 30 25 20 20 25 Bulletin number Miami, F la 1___________________________________ 1385-29 Milwaukee, W is 1_______________________________ 1345-59 Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn_____________ 1385-39 Muskegon—Muskegon Heights , M ich___________ 1345-69 Newark and Jersey City, N. J__________________ 1345-46 New Haven, Conn1_____________________________ 1385-37 New Orleans, L a 1______________________________ 1345-44 New York, N. Y 1_______________________________ 1345-79 Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va 1________________________________ 1345-75 Oklahoma City, Okla___________________________ 1385-2 Akron, Ohio_____________________________ Albany—Schenectady—Troy, N. Y ________ Albuquerque, N. M e x __________________ Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a.—N. J_. Atlanta, Ga______________________________ Baltimore, M d __________________________ Beaumont—Port Arthur, T e x ___________ Birmingham, A la_______________________ Boise, Idaho ____________________________ Boston, Mass 1__________________________ Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. Area cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 25 cents 20 cents