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Occupational Wage Survey MINNEAPOLIS—ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA JANUARY 1964 Bul l et i n No. 1385-39 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABO R STA TISTICS Ewan C la gu e , Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey MINNEAPOLIS—ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA JANUARY 1964 Bulletin No. 1385-39 April 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2040 2 - Price tS cents Preface Contents P age T h e B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tistic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s is d e sig n e d to p r o v id e data on o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s, and e s ta b lish m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s . It y ie ld s d e ta ile d data b y s e le c t e d in d u stry d iv is io n s fo r m e t r o p o lita n a r e a la b o r m a r k e ts , fo r e c o n o m ic r e g io n s , and fo r the U n ited S ta tes. A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the p r o g r a m is the n eed f o r g r e a te r in sigh t into (a) the m o v e m en t o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a tio n a l c a te g o r y and s k ill le v e l, and (b) the s t r u c tu r e and le v e l o f w a g e s am ong la b o r m a r k ets and in d u str y d iv is io n s . W age tre n d s fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g r o u p s ____________________________ T a b le s : 1. 2. A: A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t and an in dividu al a r e a b u l le tin p r e s e n t s u r v e y r e s u lt s fo r ea ch la b o r m a rk et studied. A ft e r c o m p le t io n o f a ll o f the in div id u al a r e a b u lle tin s fo r a rou n d o f s u r v e y s , a tw o p a rt su m m a r y bu lletin is is s u e d . T he f i r s t p a rt b r in g s data fo r ea ch o f the la b o r m a rk e ts stu d ied in to one b u lle tin . The s e c o n d p a rt p r e s e n ts in fo r m a t io n w h ich has b e e n p r o je c t e d fr o m in div idu al la b o r m a r k e t data to r e la t e to e c o n o m ic r e g io n s and the U nited S tates. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber stu d ied _____________ __________ _____________ _— -____ — In d exes o f stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p s, and p e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s ___________________ 2 2 O ccu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s :* A - 1. O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s — e n and w o m e n __________________________ m A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a tio n s — m en and w o m e n -----------------------------------------------------------------------A -3 . O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a tio n s — m en and w om en c o m b in e d __________________________________ A -4 . M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c c u p a t io n s ______________________ A -5 . C u stod ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s ____________ 8 10 11 A p p en d ix: O ccu p a tio n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ------------------------------------------------------------- 13 E ig h ty -tw o la b o r m a rk e ts c u r r e n tly are in clu d ed in the p r o g r a m . In fo r m a tio n on o c cu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s is c o lle c t e d a n n u a lly in e a c h a rea . In form a tion on e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s is ob ta in ed b ie n n ia lly in m o s t of the a r e a s . T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n ts r e s u lts o f the s u r v e y in M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M in n ., in Janu ary 1964. It w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in C h ica g o, 111., b y L e o n a r d O ls o n , u n der the d ir e c tio n o f Kenneth T h o rs te n . T h e study w a s u n der the g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n o f W o o d ro w C. L in n , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r fo r W ages and In d u stria l R e la tio n s . 3 areas. * N O T E : S im ila r ta bu la tion s a re a v a ila b le fo r oth er (See in sid e b a ck c o v e r .) A c u r r e n t r e p o r t on o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and su p p le m e n ta r y w ag e p r a c t ic e s in the M inneapolisH St. P au l a r e a is a ls o a v a ila b le fo r the m a c h in e r y in d u s tr ie s (M ay 1963). U nion s c a le s , in d ic a tiv e o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a r e a v a ila b le fo r bu ild in g c o n s tr u c tio n , p rin tin g , l o c a l tr a n sit o p e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e lp e r s . HI 4 8 Occupational Wage Survey—M inneapolis—St. Paul, Minn. Introduction O ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and ea rn in g s data a r e show n fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch edu le in the g iv en o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in gs data ex clu d e p r e m iu m pa y fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and late s h ifts. N on p rod u ction b o n u se s a r e e x clu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g bon u ses and in ce n tiv e ea rn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h ere w e e k ly h ou rs a r e r e p o r te d , as fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o r k sch ed u les (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) fo r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e paid; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s fo r th ese o c cu p a tio n s have been rou n ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . T h is a r e a is 1 o f 82 la b o r m a rk e ts in w h ich the U. S. D e p a rtm e n t o f L a b o r 's B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics con d u cts su r v e y s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s and r e la te d w age b e n e fits on an a re a w id e b a s is . T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n ts c u r re n t occu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s in fo r m a t io n ob ta in ed la r g e ly by m a il fr o m the esta b lis h m e n ts v is it e d b y B u re a u fie ld e c o n o m is t s in the la st p r e v io u s su r v e y fo r o c c u p a tio n s r e p o r t e d in that e a r lie r study. P e r s o n a l v is it s w e r e m a de to n o n r e sp o n d e n ts and to th ose resp on d en ts r e p o rtin g u nu su al ch a n ges s in c e the p r e v io u s s u r v e y . In e a c h a r e a , data a r e obtain ed fr o m r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g; t r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u str y g ro u p s e x c lu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a re g ov ern m en t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s t r u c t io n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u str ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h aving fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n um ber o f w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d b e c a u s e th ey tend to fu rn is h in s u ffic ie n t em p loy m en t in the o c cu p a tio n s studied to w a r ra n t in c lu s io n . S e p a ra te tabu lation s a r e p r o v id e d fo r ea ch o f the b r o a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r ia . D iffe r e n c e s in pay le v e ls fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s in w h ich both m en and w om en a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d m a y be due to such fa c t o r s as (1) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is tr ib u tio n o f the s e x e s am ong in d u s tr ie s and e sta b lis h m e n ts ; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in len gth o f s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w w hen in d iv id u a l s a la r ie s a r e a d ju sted on this b a s is ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific d u ties p e r fo r m e d , alth ough the o c c u p a tion s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifi e d w ith in the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n . Job d e s c r ip t io n s u se d in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese su r v e y s a r e u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u se d in in dividu al e s ta b lis h m e n ts . T h is a llo w s fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e s t a b lis h m en ts in s p e c ifi c du ties p e r fo r m e d . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rvey in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . T o ob ta in o p tim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is studied. In com b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iven th eir a p p ro p ria te w eigh t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied a re p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as re la tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in du stry grou p in g and a r e a , e x c e p t fo r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e studied. O ccu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the s c o p e o f the study and not the num ber a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l stru ctu re am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o c cu p a tio n a l em p loym en t obtain ed fr o m the sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts stud ied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la tiv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied. T h e se d i f f e r e n ce s in o c cu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a rn in g s data. O cc u p a tio n s and E a rn in g s The o c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a re c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , and a r e o f the fo llo w in g ty p es: (a) O ffic e c le r i c a l; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c) m a in ten a n ce and p ow erp la n t; and (d) cu s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m en t. O cc u p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a se d on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a ccou n t o f in te re sta b lish m e n t v a r ia tio n in d u ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . The occu p a tion s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in the appendix. E arn in gs data fo r som e o f the o c cu p a tio n s lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d a r e not p r e se n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s b e c a u s e e ith e r (1) e m p loy m en t in the occu p a tion is too s m a ll to p r o v id e en ough data to m e r it p r e se n ta tio n , o r (2) th e re is p o s s i b ilit y o f d is c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u al esta b lish m en t data. E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s T a b u la tion s on s e le c t e d e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m en ta ry w ag e p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b les) a r e not p r e s e n te d in this b u lletin . In form a tion fo r th ese ta bu la tion s is c o lle c t e d b ien n ia lly in th is a r e a . T h e se ta bu la tion s on m in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r in e x p e r ie n c e d w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s ; sh ift d iffe r e n t ia ls ; sch ed u led w e e k ly h o u r s; paid h o lid a y s ; paid v a c a tio n s ; and h ealth , in su r a n ce , and p e n sio n plans a r e p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) in p r e v io u s b u lletin s fo r th is a r e a . 1 2 T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and nu m ber stu d ied in M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M in n ., 1 b y m a jo r in d u s try d iv isio n , 2 Jan u ary 1964 N um ber o f esta b lis h m en ts In d u stry d iv is io n W ithin s c o p e o f stu d y* Studied W ith in s c o p e o f stu d y * Studied 1, 126 279 2 8 1 ,0 0 0 173, 760 436 690 106 173 130, 300 150, 700 84, 470 89, 290 92 165 214 110 109 36 41 41 32 23 A ll d i v i s i o n s ____________________________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ______ ___ - — ----- --------- W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts ------ — — — T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s 5------------------------------------------------------- — W h o le s a le t r a d e --- ----------------------------- ---------------------------R e t a il t r a d e ---------- ----------------------------------------------- — — — F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te -----------------------S e r v i c e s 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42, 25, 45, 23, 14, 800 000 600 100 200 32, 11, 27, 14, 4, 790 010 320 050 120 1 T he M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l S tand ard M e tro p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A noka, D akota, H ennepin, R a m s e y , and W a sh in gton C o u n tie s . The " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f study" e s t im a t e s show n in this table p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t im a t e s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s fo r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f e s t a b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y . 2 T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d itio n o f the S tand ard In d u s tria l C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u s e d in c la s s if y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t s b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n . 3 In clu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n (50 e m p lo y e e s ). A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the a r e a ) of c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s t r ie s as t r a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t. 4 In clu d e s all w o r k e r s in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t (w ithin the a rea ) at or a b o v e the m in im u m lim it a t io n (50 e m p lo y e e s ). 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r tr a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e e x clu d e d . 6 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s . S e p a ra te p r e s e n t a t io n o f data f o r th is d iv is io n is not m a d e f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p loy m en t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enou gh data to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the s a m p le w a s not d e s ig n e d in it ia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w a s in s u ffic ie n t o r in adequ ate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s i b il i t y o f d i s c lo s u r e of in d ivid u al e s ta b lis h m e n t data. 7 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s . T a b le 2. In d exes o f sta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t-t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , and p e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e f o r s e le c t e d p e r io d s , M in n e a p olis— St. P a u l, M inn. Index (Jan u a ry 1961 = 100) In d u stry and o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p P e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e J an u ary 1964 Jan uary 1963 t,o Jan uary 1964 Jan u ary 1962 to Jan u ary 1963 A ll in d u s t r ie s : O ff ic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ) _____ ______ In d u s tria l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n )---------------S k ille d m a in te n a n ce (m e n )_____________________ U n s k ille d plant ( m e n ) __________________________ 108.9 108.6 111.6 110.9 2.4 2.0 3.6 3.9 2.9 3.7 4 .0 2.7 3.3 2.7 3.5 4 .0 3.4 5.1 3.7 4.5 M a n u fa ctu rin g : O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m e n and w o m e n ) ___________ In d u s tria l n u r s e s (m e n and w o m e n )__________ S k ille d m a in te n a n ce (m e n )__________ - _________ U n s k ille d plant ( m e n ) __________________________ 108.7 107.0 111.0 110.3 1.8 2.1 3.5 4 .0 2.5 3.2 3.3 2.0 4.2 1.6 3.8 4.0 3.1 5.1 3.8 3.6 J a n u a ry 1961 to J a n u a ry 1962 J a n u a ry I9 6 0 to J a n u a ry 1961 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n t e d in ta b le 2 a r e in d ex es and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change in a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o f o f f ic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s . F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u stria l n u r s e s , the p e r c e n ta g e s o f ch a n g e r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s fo r n o r m a l h ou rs o f w o r k , that i s , the sta n d a rd w o r k sch ed u le fo r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e p a id . F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e ch a n g es in a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , ex clu d in g p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts . The p e r c e n t a g e s a r e b a s e d on data fo r s e le c t e d key o c c u p a tio n s and in c lu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p orta n t jo b s w ith in ea ch g ro u p . T h e o f f ic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on m en and w om en in the fo llo w in g 19 jo b s : B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B; c l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A and B ; c l e r k s , f i l e , c la s s A , B , and C; c l e r k s , o r d e r ; c l e r k s , p a y r o ll; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; keyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B; o f f i c e b o y s and g i r l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; ste n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r ; s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ; ta b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ; and t y p is t s , c l a s s A and B . The in d u stria l n u r se data a r e b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in d u stria l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 8 s k ille d m a in te n a n ce jo b s and 2 u n s k ille d jo b s a r e in clu d ed in the plan t w o r k e r data: S k ille d — c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is ts ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e ; p a in te rs ; p ip e fitte r s ; and t o o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; and la b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h an dlin g. A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly ea rn in g s w e r e co m p u te d fo r e a c h o f the s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s . The a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o r h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e then m u ltip lie d b y e m p lo y m e n t in e a ch o f the jo b s d u rin g the p e r io d su r v e y e d in 1961. T h ese w eig h ted ea rn in g s fo r in d iv id u a l o c c u p a tio n s w e r e then to ta le d to obtain an a g g re g a te fo r ea ch o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p . F in a lly , the r a tio (e x p r e s s e d as a p e rce n ta g e ) o f the g ro u p a g g r e g a te fo r the one y e a r to the a g g re g a te f o r the oth er y e a r w a s com p u te d and the d iffe r e n c e b etw een the r e s u lt and 100 is the p e r c e n ta g e o f change fr o m the one p e r io d to the oth e r. The in d e x e s w e r e c o m p u te d b y m u ltip ly in g the r a tio s fo r ea ch grou p a g g re g a te fo r e a c h p e r io d a fte r the b a s e y e a r (19 61 ). The in d e x e s and p e r c e n ta g e s o f change m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w a g e ch a n g es; (2) m e r it o r oth er in c r e a s e s in pa y r e c e iv e d b y in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g es in a v e r a g e w a g e s due to ch a n g es in the la b o r f o r c e re s u ltin g fr o m la b o r tu r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t pa y le v e ls . C h an ges in the la b o r f o r c e can ca u se in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout actu a l w a g e c h a n g e s. F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e ex p a n sio n m igh t in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r pa id w o r k e r s in a s p e c ifi c o c cu p a tio n and lo w e r the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a r e d u c tio n in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r paid w o r k e r s w ou ld h ave the o p p o s ite e ffe c t . S im ila r ly , the m o v e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a c o u ld c a u se the a v e r a g e e a rn in g s to d r o p , ev en though no change in r a te s o c c u r r e d in oth er e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the a r e a . The u se o f con sta n t e m p lo y m e n t w eig h ts e lim in a te s the e ffe c t o f ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea ch jo b in clu d ed in the data. The p e r c e n ta g e s o f change r e fle c t on ly changes in a v e r a g e pay fo r s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r s . T h ey a r e not in flu e n ce d by ch a n g es in sta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le s , as su ch , or b y p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e . The a b ove tex t r e p r e s e n t s the m eth od u s e d in com p u tin g a new in dex (1961 b a se ) and tren d s e r i e s . T h is s e r i e s , in itia ted w ith the ex p a n sion o f the la b o r m a rk e t w age s u r v e y p r o g r a m to 80 Stan dard M e tr o p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a s , r e p la c e s the o ld s e r ie s (19 53 b a s e ). The new s e r ie s c o v e r s the sa m e jo b g ro u p in g s a s the e a r lie r s e r ie s w ith the follow in g e x c e p t io n s : The c l e r i c a l and in d u s tr ia l n u r se g r o u p s , fo r m e r l y r e s t r ic t e d to w o m e n , now in clu d e both m en and w o m e n . C h an ges w e r e a ls o m a d e in the jo b s in clu d ed w ith in jo b g ro u p in g s in o r d e r that an id e n tic a l lis t c o u ld be e m p lo y e d in a ll a r e a s . A: Occupational Earnings 4 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o cc u p a tio n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M inn. , J a n u a ry 1964) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry division N ber um of w orkers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $40 W eekly Weekly earnings 1 and (Standard) (Standard) under $45 $45 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $7 5 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 _ - _ - 2 - 10 1 1 2 9 28 5 23 29 - 72 37 35 21 1 2 2 - 1 2 9 20 13 26 89 13 76 58 22 30 14 16 38 26 1 7 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $140 $145 $150 $155 Men C lerk s, accounting, cla ss A -----------------Manuf ac tur ing-------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing-------------------------------Pu blic utilities 2 --- ----------------W holesale t r a d e ___________________ 658 217 441 207 184 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 $108.50 104.00 110.50 121.50 99.50 - _ - _ - _ ■ - - - - C lerk s, accounting, cla ss B_____________ M anufacturing-------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------Public utilities 2 ___________________ W holesale t r a d e ----------------------------- 352 94 258 91 124 40. 0 4 0 .0 39. 5 40. 0 40. 0 87.50 85.50 98.00 84.00 _ - _ - C lerk s, o r d e r ------------------------------------------M anufacturing------- -------------- ----------Nonm anufacturing------ ----------------------W holesale t r a d e _____ ____________ 638 143 495 444 40. 40. 40. 40. 0 0 0 0 103.50 106.00 102.50 102.50 _ " _ - _ - C lerk s, p a y r o l l --------------------------------------- 57 40. 0 101.50 _ _ O ffice b o y s------------ — ------------------------ M anufacturing------------ ------- -----------Nonm anufacturing---------------------- ------Public utilities 2 ----------------------------- 253 79 174 48 39. 40. 39. 40. 5 0 5 0 63.50 59.50 65.00 80.00 " 5 5 3 Tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs , c las s A -_____ _____ _______ _____________ M anufacturing---------------------- ------------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------- 137 63 74 39. 0 40. 0 38. 5 105.00 “ - T abulating - m ac hine ope r ato r s , cla s s B_________________ ___________ M anufacturing----------------- — ----------N onm anufacturing_______ __ — ------Pu blic utilities 2— __ ------- _ W holesale t r a d e ----------- — F in a n ce 3 ----------------------------------------- 273 85 188 45 54 57 39. 40. 39. 40. 40. 38. 5 0 5 0 0 5 93.00 92.50 93.00 102.50 89.50 92.50 - - - - - - - Tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss C ----------- -------------------- -------Nonm anufacturing-------------------------------- 74 53 39. 5 39. 0 77.50 76.50 " - B illers , m achine (billing m a ch in e )-------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------W holesale t r a d e ----------------------------- 169 140 65 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 69.50 69.50 70.50 - B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine)------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---- ----- 133 41. 0 41. 5 70.50 70.50 - - 110 B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la s s A ____ — ----------------------- ---- — M anufacturing---------------------- --------- _ Nonm anufacturing- — — ------ — W holesale t r a d e ----------------------------- 184 50 134 65 39. 40. 39. 40. 84.00 83.50 84.00 88.50 " - 8 8 .0 0 1 6 1 13 13 - - - 6 1 - - - 2 11 11 6 1 1 - _ “ _ - 4 8 2 2 2 8 _ 1 _ _ 74 32 42 " 35 18 17 - 46 3 43 3 1 19 79 31 48 16 42 80 36 44 18 17 22 73 26 47 38 3 30 18 21 19 15 _ 10 20 10 17 21 15 11 4 17 4 - 9 19 16 3 61 5 56 56 62 24 38 38 30 39 76 30 46 35 14 16 4 48 19 29 25 1 35 35 4 31 30 45 1 _ - 7 2 1 1 1 1 - 44 40 6 2 2 4 - 2 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 15 7 22 2 37 25 8 2 15 7 7 5 5 5 _ - _ - 1 34 15 19 - - 1 58 36 4 25 60 3 57 37 54 9 45 45 25 13 30 12 29 8 34 18 16 16 12 22 153 23 130 130 16 36 13 23 23 2 4 4 1 16 4 _ 4 _ 13 3 2 2 1 _ _ _ 21 22 25 2 11 11 19 7 4 8 12 25 23 2 2 5 1 7 10 14 21 4 8 11 16 4 4 9 4 5 10 8 10 6 15 13 15 4 24 6 8 46 18 28 23 18 7 6 8 4 15 11 2 1 2 1 - 8 9 5 8 4 4 1 8 2 - - “ 4 6 - 3 19 3 16 24 7 17 31 16 15 27 1 2 " - 1 9 3 6 6 9 5 17 5 5 1 1 15 7 7 7 16 16 7 6 7 3 24 18 15 3 29 18 6 6 11 13 107.00 109.00 “ 1 1 31 3 28 7 6 10 11 10 41 7 34 28 4 5 5 6 2 3 3 5 3 4 4 4 1 1 1 3 3 3 12 3 8 22 11 5 5 2 2 2 1 1 " - “ 1 3 - 1 2 - - - - - _ 8 8 5 1 - 12 10 5 4 - 1 2 - 2 - 8 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 4 7 2 W omen S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le, 5 0 5 0 _ - ~ 15 15 21 24 19 36 29 10 1 1 " 8 20 3 3 21 18 17 47 34 7 13 7 15 15 - - 6 1 1 - " " 1 5 18 46 29 28 27 15 9 2 4 - 3 7 5 10 10 7 11 41 9 8 21 18 12 17 17 8 9 2 4 8 " 4 4 19 1 “ 2 2 4 5 5 T a b le A -l. O ffice O ccu p a tio n s—M en and W o m e n — C on tin u ed (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is by in d u s t r y d iv is io n , M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M in n . , J a n u a ry 1964) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry divisio n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly Weekly earnings (Standard) (Standard) $40 and under $45 $45 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 150 1 149 150 18 1 32 11 63 35 115 45 70 8 20 26 124 38 86 6 18 39 54 9 45 10 15 11 38 28 10 2 6 22 6 16 5 11 - - - - - 51 4 47 2 3 22 2 63 6 57 7 16 25 6 1 64 43 121 11 22 46 25 128 51 77 6 24 17 19 W om en— Continued B ook keeping-m ach ine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B----------------------------------------M anufacturing_________________ N onm anufacturing-------------------P u blic u tilities 2 -----------------W holesale t r a d e -----------------R etail tra d e________________ 866 $64. 72. 63. 74. 69. 65. 50 00 00 50 00 00 39. 40. 39. 40. 40. 40. 0 0 0 0 0 0 129 158 119 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 40. 38. 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 8 7 . 50 8 8 . 50 8 7 . 50 9 9 . 00 8 7 . 50 7 9 . 00 9 1 .0 0 1 ,9 7 1 325 1 ,6 4 6 336 258 396 605 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 39. 38. 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 7 0 . 50 7 0 . 50 7 0 . 50 77 . 00 7 3 .0 0 6 4 . 00 7 0 . 00 C le r k s , file , c la s s A __ Manuf ac tur ing---------N onmanuf ac tur ing_ _ F inance 3 ________ 211 39. 39. 39. 38. 0 0 0 5 76. 76. 75. 73. C le r k s , file , c la s s B ------------------------------M anufacturing--------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing-------------------------------Pu blic u tilities 2 -----------------------------W holesale t r a d e -----------------------------R etail trad e________________________ F inance 3 ----------------------------------------- 994 193 801 114 138 C le r k s , accounting, c la s s A -----------------M anufacturing--------------------------------------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------Pu blic u tilities 2 ___________________ W holesale t r a d e -----------------------------R etail trad e________________________ F inance 3 ___________________________ C le r k s , accounting, c la s s B. M anufacturing------------------Nonm anufacturing------------Pu blic u tilities 2 ______ W holesale t r a d e ______ R etail trad e___________ F inance 3 ______________ C le r k s , file , c la s s C --------------M anufacturing_______________ N onm anufacturing----------------P u blic u tilities 2 -------------W holesale t r a d e -------------F in a n ce 3 ------------------------- 148 718 55 181 147 828 229 599 120 93 1 18 61 112 407 491 ~ 86~ 405 75 61 238 C le r k s , o r d e r --------------------------------M anufacturing__________________ N o nmanuf ac tu r ing______________ W h olesale t r a d e ____________ R etail trad e_________________ 284 115 1 69 52 C le r k s , p a y r o l l _________ M anufacturing________ N onm anufacturing------_ Pu blic utilities 2 _ W holesale t r a d e ---R etail tra d e_______ F inane e 3 __________ 570 213 357 105 75 S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le , 68 100 57 00 50 50 00 -- - - - - 3 5 190 3 187 6 35 28 . _ _ _ 9 - - - - 9 - - 3 9 3 3 - - 9 6 8 - - - 6 6 6 4 2 8 3 5 83 35 48 12 11 3 19 87 32 55 6 21 16 6 82 18 64 3 15 18 13 53 5 48 17 21 - - - - - - 46 15 31 22 1 2 6 38 12 26 15 8 40 9 31 22 18 6 1 5 5 10 3 7 2 - 18 6 6 - 3 9 6 - 21 3 18 11 6 33 3 3 33 29 4 3 3 1 2 _ _ _ - - 1 1 2 - - - 2 - - 5 - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 - - - - - - - - 3 - _ - - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 2 _ . - 388 63 325 64 53 1 32 58 342 60 282 47 25 63 139 288 41 247 38 44 48 1 15 247 62 185 44 12 33 96 129 27 102 34 26 4 28 53 13 40 8 5 5 22 62 7 55 15 15 9 13 47 33 237 37 200 26 31 52 88 17 8 _ 3 _ - - - - " 50 26 24 4 67 33 34 15 14 9 5 2 9 7 2 1 15 5 10 6 2 1 1 - 37 10 27 23 256 29 227 44 26 48 103 317 34 283 5 20 39 203 1 90 46 144 30 34 10 62 77 27 50 3 16 6 25 56 36 20 2 16 29 12 17 5 10 24 4 20 4 16 12 4 8 8 4 1 3 3 6 1 3 6 6 1 1 - - - - - - - 87 22 65 42 16 7 13 4 9 1 8 2 22 38 12 26 4 13 51 16 35 5 16 1 _ 3 3 5 _ 1 - 5 5 - - - 18 12 6 1 2 1 2 65 23 42 4 6 15 13 33 3 30 24 6 " _ 8 1 7 7 38 342 56 286 25 37 193 - 3 3 - - 5 - 9 2 7 7 - 1 _ - - 3 9 - - 3 - 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 40. 0 38. 5 6 0 . 50 6 4 . 00 5 9 . 50 6 6 .0 0 6 5 . 00 5 5 . 00 5 7 .0 0 3 16 - - 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 40. 0 4 0 .0 39. 0 5 3 . 00 5 3 . 50 5 2 . 50 5 6 . 00 5 4 . 50 5 1 .0 0 _ 39. 5 39. 5 40. 0 40. 0 4 0 .0 73. 77. 70. 83. 59. 00 50 00 50 00 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 39. 38. 80. 76. 83. 96. 87. 72. 74. 50 50 00 50 00 50 00 5 5 5 0 0 5 5 - - 6 3 16 - - - - 3 6 10 - - _ 41 3 38 - 1 00 7 93 - 3 3 - - 2 22 - - - - 2 22 _ _ _ - - " “ - 8 1 7 - 5 2 - - 2 2 13 5 8 1 3 34 9 25 8 11 20 14 6 4 1 24 9 15 15 61 46 15 2 7 1 6 4 67 40 27 1 6 12 5 83 26 57 9 1 25 17 74 19 55 6 8 32 5 49 41 8 3 1 3 1 58 18 40 9 22 7 2 57 23 34 12 12 18 7 11 6 1 7 3 5 - 1 1 - 16 - 16 11 5 _ _ _ - 1 1 - - - 12 7 4 1 _ _ 12 8 4 7 7 4 4 1 - - - - - 1 - ■ ■ ■ ■ 2 2 - - _ - _ - - - - - - • " ■ ■ 6 T a b le A -l. O ffice O ccu p a tio n s— en and W o m e n — C on tin ued -M (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , M in n ea p olisH S t. P a u l, M in n ., J an u a ry 1964) Average Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision N ber um of NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $40 $45 W eekly, W eekly . hours 1 earnings 1 and (Standard) (Standard) under $50 $45 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 85 23 62 83 23 60 119 18 94 101 72 45 17 28 63 19 44 4 9 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 26 49 1 2 6 12 1 2 _ _ . _ _ _ 14 3 43 36 7 3 _ 3 3 16 12 37 5 32 4 14 _ 10 1 9 1 9 2 8 6 5 _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ 8 2 2 - 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ $145 $150 $155 W omen— Continued C om ptom eter o p e r a to r s _____ — _______ M anufacturing — — ------- — -------. Nonm anufacturing_____________________ R etail trade________________________ 629 163 466 50 218 128 D uplicating-m ach ine op erators (M im eograph o r D itto)--------------------------- 63 Keypunch o p era tors, c la s s A -----------------Public u t ilit ie s 2 ----------------------------- 337 140 197 42 h3 68 Keypunch o p e ra to rs, c la s s B — __ — _ M anufacturing------------------- —---------------Nonmanufacturing-------------------------------PiiKlir iiHUHp # ^ W holesale trarie R etail trade--------------- ---------------------Finance 3 ------------------ ---------------------- 1, 224 372 852 276 188 71 311 O ffice g i r l s ________________________ ______ M anufacturing-------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing— __ __ — __ -----WVinlpoalfl traHp Retail tradp Finanrp V ._ . 442 64 378 56 77 S e c r e t a r ie s ________ __ ____ __ M anufacturing______ ____ — Nonmanufacturing__ ____ __ Public u t ilit ie s 2 . _ — W holesale trade - — . . — R etail trad e__ — . . __ F in a n ce 3 ____ ___________ 221 5 5 5 0 0 0 $76.00 78.50 75.00 95. 00 74. 50 68.50 _ _ - 39.5 63.00 0 77. 50 78. 00 7 6 . 50 75.00 83 00 74. 00 3 9.5 39. 5 39. 5 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 38. 5 69.50 6 8 . 50 70. 50 83. 50 6 6 . 00 61. 0 0 63. 50 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 38. 0 0 5 54. 50 54.00 54. 50 59. 0 0 55. 00 52. 50 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 40. 39. 40. 39. 40. 39 39. 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 1 11 31 - - 8 1 11 23 2 35 25 24 18 56 39 46 16 20 8 - 1 4 23 19 7 2 2 1 . ! 7 20 52 24 28 4 13 18 3 11 11 14 13 293 89 204 27 76 26 75 213 105 108 23 23 155 67 111 34 23 16 11 9 11 6 18 4 14 10 44 67 15 34 1 5 3 8 5 56 18 2 4 _ 4 _ 4 _ - . _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 42 3 39 13 16 3 9 9 7 1 9 5 _ _ 1 5 4 - - 1 25 3 70 18 52 412 189 223 36 75 34 452 497 227 270 - - - - 1 7 _ - _ 63 5 58 _ _ 1 180 30 150 30 23 31 - - 44 66 _ - 39 39 66 3 36 270 46 224 26 37 156 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 13 13 53 6 21 21 _ _ _ - - - - _ 4 3 7 Stenographers, g e n e r a l__ __ ____ ____ M anufacturing---- „ ____ __ __ ____ Nonm anufacturing__ ____ — __ ____ Public utilitie s 2 -------- --------------------WVinlpaalp trade Retail trad ft Finanrp^ 2, 098 39. 5 39. 5 39.5 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 38. 5 75.00 72. 50 76.00 90.00 77. 00 6 6 . 00 65. 50 _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 9 22 164 28 136 297 94 203 _ 11 12 4 17 14 18 93 38 35 108 Stenographers, se n io r _______ ____ . M anufacturing — — ------__ __ . Nonm anufacturing-------------------------------Pu blic u t ilit ie s 2 - __ __ __ _ W holesale trade R pfa i 1 F in a n ce 3 — ------- — ~ ------_ 1, 328 707 621 141 94 105 153 39. 5 40. 0 39.0 40. 0 39. 5 40. 0 82.00 80.00 84.50 _ 17 17 _ 6 2 4 2 10 5 7 - 5 15 3 4 5 . 00 91.00 96. 50 93.00 8 6 . 50 90.00 S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta ble. 14 4 10 2 _ 2 6 58 19 39 5 25 9 21 7 - 67 26 41 13 41 19 1 55 27 28 7 9 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 39! 0 _ 4 . 6 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 40. 38. 84. 50 75. 00 8 o! 0 0 _ 4 11 9 1 .0 0 100.00 . _ 4 9~~ 2, 831 1, 236 1, 595 241 451 183 576 700 1, 398 422 398 115 414 2 1 - __ ____ __ __ _ __ __ . __ ____ ____ . __ __ _ __ ____ 91 22 1 _ - _ _ - 51 88 14 - 7 112 295 52 60 4 18 7 28 12 1 73 66 423 174 249 42 64 28 87 321 152 169 43 60 305 137 168 38 67 168 45 123 23 89 20 2 42 56 8 2 17 101 12 64 37 170 119 51 344 178 166 25 22 5 - 8 4 8 20 - - - 3 5 1 2 11 127 13 1 127 127 13 13 1 1 331 177 154 25 64 13 45 292 167 89 78 25 86 90 7 83 78 4 76 4 1 2 17 10 2 2 2 1 22 11 1 13 3 3 3 8 8 10 37 174 22 41 12 6 38 27 277 137 140 13 28 16 37 200 252 34 53 59 80 55 20 35 14 17 12 85 27 122 73 23 50 24 21 43 54 10 21 33 13 30 33 19 9 _ 5 74 64 44 7 37 26 38 _ 38 36 10 11 2 19 _ 19 17 2 116 176 26 33 19 2 20 1 3 5 27 18 25 4 9 21 1 17 34 9 25 18 3 6 2 93 57 36 4 7 13 25 12 3 1 1 9 2 _ _ _ 7 7 2 2 1 1 1 13 12 1 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 1 168 20 1 _ 106 62 7 19 5 1 _ 10 2 _ 12 12 12 12 8 8 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ T a b le A -l. O ffice O ccu p a tion s—M en and W o m e n — C on tin u ed (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is by in d u s t r y d iv is io n , M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M inn. , J a n u a ry 1964) A verage Sex, occupation, and industry d iv isio n Number of workers Weekly (Standard) Weekly earnings1 (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $40 $45 and under $45 .$50 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 $155 10 61 126 61 32 11 11 6 5 115 55 15 10 - 21 26 12 1 8 11 8 36 2 12 34 24 6 2 11 21 _ 23 13 40 6 61 43 19 24 26 11 10 4 2 1 2 165 50" 115 14 29 49 5 98 34 64 87 112 46 17 29 5 23 33 15 18 11 10 8 2 9 _ $125 $130 $135 $140 $145 $150 W om en— Continued Sw itchboard o p e r a to r s -----------------------------M anufacturing--------------------------------------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------Public u tilities 2 -----------------------------R etail trad e-------------------------------------Finance 3____________________________ 446 85 361 50 84 79 40.5 39.5 40.5 40.0 39.5 38.5 $71.50 79.50 69.50 Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ------- 654 T5F ‘ 398 78 148 85 55 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.0 40.0 40.0 37.5 70.50 72.00 T a bulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , cla s s B------------------------------------- 62 40.0 84.00 Tabulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s C — .---------------------—--------N onm anufacturing----------------- 108 100 39.5 39.5 6 6 .0 0 T ra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs , g en eral---------------------------------------- M anufacturing---------------------------N onm anufacturing---------------------W holesale t r a d e ------------------Finance 3 _____________________ 594 155 439 158 192 39.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 38.5 69.50 74.00 N onm anufacturing-------------------------------Pu blic u tilities 2 -----------------------------W holesale t r a d e -----------------------------R etail tra d e------------------------------------Finance 3------------------------------------------- T yp ists, c la s s A _____ M anufacturing--------N onm anufacturing— P ublic u tilities 2 W holesale trade Retail trade_____ Finance 3________ T yp ists, c la s s B -----------------M anufacturing-----------------N onm anufacturing-----------Pu blic u tilities 2 --------W holesale t r a d e --------R etail trad e----------------Finance 3---------------------- 91 .0 0 63.00 70.50 6 9 .0 0 72.00 72.50 62.00 71.50 _ - - . - . _ _ _ - " ■ 70.00 65.50 707 273 434 93 71 71 175 39.5 39.5 39.0 40.0 39.5 39.5 38.0 72.00 70.50 72.50 83.00 74.50 67.00 67.50 2, 306 787 1, 519 154 318 89 852 39.0 39.5 39.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 38.0 62.50 64.00 62.00 78.50 62.00 56.50 59.50 - - - 13 - 41 15 26 3 39 14 25 9 10 - 5 ” 10 7 _ _ 4 12 16 12 5 17 14 5 5 6 2 1 66 22 7 14 8 7 6 8 4 2 10 - 124 47 77 7 14 23 24 47 13 34 19 44 27 8 6 21 90 46 44 3 15 53 6 4 7 7 51 7 5 - . - ! _ _ - 6 37 163 8 66 6 29 _ - 103 7 29 42 _ 1 5 475 9i 383 1 95 41 230 22 480 131 349 5 29 26 249 12 20 609 250 359 17 94 7 226 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . 11 306 145 16 1 20 30 9 81 24 64 26 12 20 222 99 123 50 30 11 5 1 2 36 19 17 7 5 17 3 _ 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ . . 3 2 1 6 _ 2 3 1 5 2 2 _ 1 4 4 - 4 3 5 7 1 3 3 5 7 4 1 1 1 . 4 1 1 8 9 19 17 2 22 1 31 7 24 7 5 1 8 8 19 19 17 17 2 2 1 1 29 26 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e . _ _ 1 5 114 78 36 - 4 47 - 6 33 33 9 2 2 87 38 49 14 28 7 7 3 5 128 52 76 6 11 9 88 28 5 3 9 1 2 2 2 96 14 82 43 27 106 23 83 43 35 _ _ 7 39 66 16 1 13 73 7 16 6 3 1 6 1 16 6 28 28 2 . _ - 23 30 30 37 1 89 4 4 _ _ - 8 79 17 43 23 23 4 3 7 65.00 6 8 .0 0 _ - T a b le A -2. P rofession a l and T ech n ica l O ccu p a tion s—M en and W o m e n (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , M i n n e a p o l i s - ^ . P a u l, M inn. , J a n u a ry 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF A verage Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of Weekly . earnings 1 (Standard) Weekly, hours * (Standard) $55 and under $60 $125 $130 $135 $60 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $65 $70 $75 $80 $85 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $125 $130 $135 $140 $140 $145 $150 $155 $160 $165 $170 $175 $145 $150 $160 $165 $170 $175 over and $155 Men D raftsm en, le a d e r--------M anufacturing------------ 146 131 39. 5 39. 5 D raftsm en, s e n io r --------M anufacturing-----------N onm anufacturing----Public utilities 2 — 882 696 186 ‘ 71 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 4 0 .0 D raftsm en, ju n io r --------M anufacturing----------N onm anufacturing----Pu blic utilities 2 — 584 465 119 39 40. 39. 40. 40. T r a c e r s .. M anufacturing- N u rses, industrial (r e g is t e r e d )M anufacturing------------------------- 1 2 5 5 4 4 10 10 18 18 23 23 19 16 17 17 4 3 16 13 8 11 11 7 11 4 84 71 13 7 113 98 15 83 63 129 96 33 112 43 24 19 30 3 _ _ _ 21 - - 10 10 1 2 1 - 8 9 3 1 1 - 6 39 34 5 4 ~ " “ " 13 12 17 7 12 2 - - - - - - - " ' " " ' " $150.50 148.50 123.50 _ _ _ 122.00 _ _ - 2 2 2 2 3 3 13 13 12 12 130.00 133.00 1 _ 9 3 41 41 114.00 " 6 2 - 12 12 " - 57 54 39. 5 39. 5 80.00 78.50 1 1 3 3 119 80 39. 5 39. 5 100.50 99.00 " " 100.00 _ _ 9 6 6 3 3 3 12 130 105 25 “ 2 74 65 9 3 9 9 6 6 6 22 4 4 14 58 43 15 65 59 47 39 42 32 26 8 10 4 28 19 9 1 10 10 " 4 1 6 1 7 10 2 _ 1 _ _ _ _ - - 12 10 1 1 ” " _ 69 57 - 2 2 7 7 14 14 “ ' 61 52 9 3 1 0 5 0 0 95.50 94.50 24 23 “ 5 6 1 66 63 3 3 22 20 67 45 18 - 1 35 32 17 9 9 6 5 1 2 1 “ ” 1 Standard hours re fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly h ours. T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , M inneapolis— St. Paul, Minn. , January 1964) Number of Number of workers weekly . earnings (Standard) O ccupation and industry division B ille r s , m achine (billin g m a ch in e )_________________ N onm anufacturing------ __ ------- ------------ -----------YT r 1 p p^\o tirar\ f* | }-|k 185 156 65 $72 . 00 72. 00 70. 50 B ille r s j m achine (hrw "fk"lreeping m a< in **) .... ............. ~h N onm anufacturing------ ------------ ------------ --------- 141 118 70. 00 70. 00 Bookkeeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la s s B ---------------M anufacturing— - -----------------------------------------------N nnm arm fafturing__ Public u t ilit ie s 2W holesale t r a d e -----------------------------------------------Retail trade - ... - ... 871 148 723 60 181 147 $64. 50 72. 00 63. 00 75.00 69. 00 65. 00 C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B---------------------------------------Manufacturing______________________________________ N<"»nrnanufarturing ... .. Public iiti 1itie « 2 W holesale t r a d e — -------------------------------------------Retail trade_________________ __________________ C le rk s , accounting, cla ss A ------------------------------------Manuf actur ing--------------------------------------------------------N onmanuf actur ing-------------------------------------------------Pu blic utilities 2 _______________________________ W holesale trade _ Retail trade _ ______ Finanre® _ _ 1,486 446 1,040 327 313 167 150 97. 00 96. 00 97.00 113.00 94. 50 80. 0 0 93. 00 C lerk s, file, c la s s A _________________________________ Manufacturing _ _______________________ ______ N^nmenuff’ c tuning F in an ce 3 - O ccupation and industry division O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations Bookkeeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs, r la s s A ani^arti^ring S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le . earnings 1 (Standard) 193 57 136 65 85. 00 87. 00 84. 00 8 8 . 50 O ccupation and industry division Number of weekly , earnings * (Standard) 2,323 419 1.904 427 382 397 639 $ 7 3 .0 0 74. 00 73. 00 81. 50 76. 50 64. 00 70. 50 O ffice occupations— Continued 220 93 127 61 76. 76. 76. 73. 50 50 50 00 9 T a b le A -3. O ffice , P rofessional, and T e ch n ica l O ccu p a tio n s—M en and W o m e n C o m b in e d — C on tin ued (Average straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division , M inneapolis— St. Paul, Minn. , January 1964) N ber um of workers O ccupation and industry division Average w eekly earnings * (Standard) N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------------------- 1,003 193 810 116 139 112 413 501 M anufacturing-------------------------------------------------------- 86 415 75 61 246 922 . .. . _.... 258 664 496 119 . C] a r]r ^ payroll O,«Vl n/' ulilltlCb k JrUDIlC n filifioo ^ hy ari o * — F inane e ^ — —- — ---------------------— -----— -—_— M anuiactunng-------------------------------------------------------N onm anuf ac tu r ing----------------- ^------------------------------P u blic u tilities 2 ----------------------------------------------W holes?4!** Rpfail traHp _ _ D uplicating-m a ch ine op era tors ( M im e‘-'g Trip!"1 nr TliHnJ „ r , n^h „ avatnro .. ... „ 1 3CC A xx £ ± • 9 M anufacturing----------------------------------— W hole s ale t r a h e ------ —-------— ---------- -—— — -------------------------F inane e ------------------------------- — -------------------------------------- -----jr v TT V 1 ( -n . ® . JNonmanutactunng --------------------------------------------------------------------P ublic utilitie s 2 -------------------------------------------------- ----------- . Whr0 45S S ! e trsd** . ................. R etail tra d e----------------- ------------------ — ----------------F inance — —-------- -— -—---------------------------------- 627 235 392 125 89 10 1 57 $60. 50 64. 00 59. 50 53. 53. 52. 56 54 51. 00 50 50 82. 79. 84. 98. 87. 72. 74. 50 00 50 50 50 50 00 470 51 75. 95. 74. . 69 338 140 1 98 43 63 68 1 ,2 3 0 372 858 282 188 71 311 68 50 00 50 50 6 4 . 50 77. 78. 77. 76. 83. 74. 50 00 00 00 00 00 7 0 . 00 68. 50 70. 84. . 61. 63. 66 50 00 00 00 50 N ber um of earnings 3 (Standard) 91 269 M anufacturing ________ ______________________ - Stenographers, gen eral ^\ am if a c t n r i n g l^nnmannfarhiring P nblir iitilifipfl ^ W holesale trade Retail trarlp F in a n re 3 .... SfpnngrapViers, sen ior M anufacturing _ ^rm m pnnfarbiring. ________________________ ... _ _ _ _ ___ 2 , 098 700 1,398 422 398 115 414 __ _ _____ _ ___ _ ... 2, 841 1,236 1,605 249 453 183 576 W holesale trade Retail trade ____ _ ___ ___ __ Finance 3 ____________________________________ - 1,332 710 622 142 94 105 $58 . 57. 58. 76. 61. 55. 53. 00 00 00 00 50 50 00 91. 0 0 9 1 .0 0 91. 50 96. 50 93. 00 8 6 . 50 9 0 . 00 75. 00 72. 50 76. 00 90. 0 0 77. 00 6 6 . 00 65. 50 82. 0 0 80. 0 0 84. 50 10 0.00 84. 50 75. 00 153 71. 79. 70. . 63. 70. 335 106 229 52 77 61 $91. 50 9 2 . 00 91.00 99. 50 8 8 . 50 92. 50 T abulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , cla s s C--------------------Nonm anufacturing__________________________________ 182 153 70. 50 69. 0 0 T ra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , g e n e r a l---------------________ ____ M anufacturing_________ — ____ N onm anufacturing____ ____ _______ __________ W holesale t r a d e _____ ___ ____________________ Finance 3 .... 594 155 439 158 192 69. 74. 68. 70. 65. 00 T yp ists, c la s s A _________________ __________________ Manuf actur ing______________________________________ N onm anufacturing____________________________ ____ Pu blic utilities 2 ______________________________ W holesale t r a d e ________________________________ R etail tra d e___________________________ ________ Finance 3 ------------------------------------------------------------- 718 281 437 93 74 71 175 72. 71. 73. 83. 76. 67. 67. 00 00 00 00 00 00 50 T yp ists, cla ss B ____ ______ _______________________ M anufacturing------ ------------- --------------------------------Nonm anufacturing_______ — __________________ Public u tilities 2 ________ — ---------------------W holesale trade R etail trade- __ ____ — „ — ---------- ----------F in a n ce 3 --------------------------------------------- 2, 310 787 1,523 155 321 89 62. 50 64. 00 62. 0 0 79. 0 0 62. 0 0 56. 50 852 5 9 . 50 D raftsm en, le a d e r _______________ ___________________ M anufacturing---------------------------------------------------------- 146 131 1 5 0 .5 0 1 4 8 .5 0 D raftsm en, se n io r ------------------- ------------------------------M anufacturing---------------------------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing---------------- ----------------- --------- P ublic utilities 2 ---------------------------- ------------------ 887 701 186 71 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 3 .0 0 D raftsm en, ju n io r -----------------------------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ----------------— -------------------------------------- — Nonm anufacturing _______________________________________________ Public u t ilit ie s 2- ------------------------------------------------------------------- 586 467 119 39 120 T r a c e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing----------------- — --------------------------------- 86 50 00 00 50 8 0 . 00 449 85 364 53 84 79 T abulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B--------------------M anufacturing___ ____ __ -______________________ N onm anufacturing___ ___________ _________ ____ Pnhlic utilities 2 .... ... . _ W holesale trade F in a n ce 3 ____- ____ ____ ______________________ N u rses, industrial (re g is te r e d ) -----------------------------------------------M anufacturing______________________________________ 68 102 50 00 76. 00 78. 50 128 695 143 552 — ------- 00 94. 00 93. 50 94. 50 100.50 78. 00 O ccupation and industry d ivision O ffice occupations— Continued 65. 00 55. 00 57. 50 633 163 221 --------------- — Nonm anufacturing--------- P r o fe s s io n a l and technica l occupations Sw itchboard o p e r a to r s -------- -----------------------------------^api^farfi^ring Nonmanufacturing________________________________ P ublic utilities 2 ----------------------------------------------Retail ......... .... Finance 3 ___________ _________________________ Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ________________ M am 'iarhiring _ _____ ISfnnmannfarfnring Pu blic utilities 2 _______________________________ W holesale t r a d e ------------- --------------------------------------------------Retail trade F in a n c e 3 _____ T abulating-m achine o p e ra to rs , c la s s A refining ... . ]^rmrr)am,|fart'i)ring ........... E a r n in g s r e la t e to r e g u l a r s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly s a la r i e s that a r e p a id f o r s ta n d a rd w o r k w e e k s T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . 'weekly' earnings (Standard) O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occu pation s— Continued rpi fa r’t'nTin g Y7"h^l ocalo R etail Num ber of workers O ccupation and industry d ivision _____ ----------------------- 654 256 398 78 148 85 55 157 75 82 92 70. 72. 69. 72. 72. 62. 71. 50 50 00 00 00 50 50 00 00 00 50 00 50 1 0 5 . 50 1 0 7 .0 0 1 0 4 .0 0 81 63 1 2 3 .5 0 122.00 9 5 . 50 9 4 . 50 100.00 1 1 4 .0 0 1 0 0 .5 0 9 9 . 50 7 7 . 50 7 7 . 50 10 T a b le A -4. M ain ten an ce and P o w erp la n t O ccu p a tion s (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , M in n e a p o lis —St. P a u l, M inn. , Jan u a ry 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of worker* O ccupation and industry division Avenge $1.80 $ 1 . 9 0 $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $37To f O o W A 0 W J o hourly . and earning* 1 and under $1.90 $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $ 2 . 6 0 $2.70 $2.80 $ 2 . 9 0 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 o v e r C a rp en ters, m aintenance---------------------M anufacturing-----------------------------------N onm anufacturing___________________ Pu blic u tilities 2 ----- _ _ 225 113 59 $3.10 3.11 3.08 2.62 E le c tr ic ia n s , m ain ten an ce— — — M anufacturing-----------------------------------N onm anufacturing-----------------------------P ublic u tilities 2 --------------------------- 401 308 93 64 3.42 3.41 3.45 3.30 E n gin eers, s ta tio n a ry --------------------------M anufacturing---------- — __ — — N onm anufacturing— ---------P ublic u tilities 2 _ - ------------- 534 265 269 50 3.07 3.12 3.02 2.71 2 ___ — — ------- H elp ers, m aintenance tra d e s ---------N onm anufacturing__ _ _ - . - _ - _ - — M a ch in e-tool o p e ra to rs , to o lr o o m ------M anufacturing------------------------------------ _ . - _ - _ - _ - M ech an ics, autom otive (m aintenance) — _ M anufacturing-----------------------------------N onm anufacturing— _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 38 38 13 13 - 18 9 9 9 9 35 3 32 32 6 _ - 24 24 - - - - 11 41 41 17 5 11 11 3 35 18 17 1 2 6 2 2 10 10 27 27 _ - ’ - - - - - " ' - 13 13 1 1 41 35 18 - 3 3 - 2 2 9 30 28 2 73 72 2 2 - - - - 1 1 - 76 69 7. - 31 16 15 65 54 88 26 18 6 12 10 10 5 4 2 - 1 - 8 14 74 45 12 10 2 118 53 65 3 36 30 41 25 16 - 39 27 9 9 - _ - 5 5 - - - 15 15 - 13 13 - 24 3 11 14 - 6 5 1 - 1 3 - _ - 23 3 3 - 21 1 2 6 - 1 1 10 1 13 _ - 2 ! - ’ - " - - - - - - - " _ - 36 36 _ - _ - _ - - 2 2 _ - _ - _ - 24 24 - _ - . _ - _ - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - " - _ _ 1 - 1 1 10 11 - - 9 15 - 3 18 9 9 9 6 6 2 2 16 16 26 15 8 - - 16 1 18 73 49 24 2 2 - 45 36 9 “ 3 _ _ _ - 3 3 12 12 54 54 37 37 39 39 12 12 7 7 _ - _ " _ - _ - _ - 3 3 12 8 8 12 12 29 29 25 25 37 37 283 283 71 71 _ _ _ - 21 8 8 458 11 - 21 - 31 18 447 415 283 14 269 265 6 2 - 149 33 116 115 33 - 57 15 42 42 14 - 3 3 - 10 8 9 7 27 17 1 1 39 34 5 1 1 4 7 62 31 31 5 97 74 23 - 52 52 - 4 4 4 76 50 26 25 31 31 29 1 2 2 2 2 3 1 - 18 18 7 7 _ 22 _ _ - 14 14 - " 2 2 35 35 34 34 1 _ 1 - - 2 2 - _ - 26 10 - - - - - 7 10 2 2 _ _ - - - _ _ . _ _ " - - - - - 9 8 1 - 165 165 2.85 2.85 _ _ _ - - " 3.37 3.38 _ - _ - _ - _ - 3.13 3.09 3.13 3.13 - _ _ - - - 8 - _ - 11 11 21 ! ! - 2.82 2.82 _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ - - - - - 2 - 36 36 P a in ters, m aintenance ___ M anufacturing-----------------------------------Nonm anufacturing __ __ _ __ DnKlir iitilifi oo ^ F inance 3__ __ _ 187 57 130 25 52 3.33 3.15 3.41 2.96 _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ 5 1 1 10 - - - - 1 - - 5 - 3 .5 2 - P ip e fitte r s , m aintenance M anufacturing------- 176 160 3.36 3.36 694 594“ 3.47 3.47 - - - - 29 29 - 5 - - - 1 - - - - - " - 10 64 48 16 2 _ 1 3 1 1 6 6 22 13 21 11 10 110 110 17 17 _ _ 21 1 12 . 6 4 4 2 20 15 7 10 22 8 4 1 2 17 l6 6 - 6 8 14 5 1 4 22 - _ - 8 - 19 4 15 - 8 - 29 29 59 59 33 33 " - - 6 3 1 1 1 3 3 4 4 36 35 8 8 68 68 15 15 98 98 67 67 36 36 7 7 - 10 10 - _ 4 2 3 6 _ - 16 — TT _ 1 - 10 4 5 5 - 12 12 1 13 - 12 3 3 8 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , a n d la t e s h ift s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e . 15 15 - - 16 4 - 91 89 _ _ _ __ ___ __ - 2 1 5 4 22 21 1 3.22 3.22 T ool and die m akers M anufacturing 15 15 - 6 80 80 - 11 12 11 53 - 5 - 6 6 1 1 - 8 11 - 200 196 ___ _ 22 2 - 12 12 15 - 1 M illw rights _ M anufacturing-----------------------------------_ 27 11 30 5 25 25 46 46 - 1 1 3.06 3.01 3.16 3.32 3.07 __ __ - 17 15 _ _ - 7 7 - 1 21 11 537 385 152 _ 6 4 3 21 11 M ech an ics, m aintenance----------------------M anufacturing_ ___ N onm anufacturing-------------------- --------Pu blic u t ilit ie s 2 _ -------- _ O ile r s ____ M anufacturing __ - 18 13 5 - 20 9 66 1 8 43 2.67 2.65 2.72 892 8 8 23 2.60 1, 055 104 951 10 2 23 2.92 2.73 582 M achinists, m ain ten an ce----------------- — — - — ------ 554“ M anufacturing ------- _ - 2 342 227 115 33 2.86 _ - 2 235 161 74 F irem en , stationary b o ile r __ __ M anufacturing — ---Pu blic u tilities 112 22 22 _ _ 9 60 6o 279 279 11 T a b le A - 5. C u stodial and M aterial M o v e m e n t O ccu p a tion s (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , M in n e a p o lie -S t . P a u l, M in n ., J a n u a ry 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccu p a tion 1 and industry div isio n E levator o p e r a to r s , p a ssen g er (m en)__ __ __ Num ber of workers $1.67 L67 177 177 1.60 1.60 - - 982 66 2.14 2.46 2.51 2.18 _ _ _ - 536 1.88 2, 917 1, 399 1,518 229 98 494 389 2.06 _ _ Guards and w a tch m en . _ _ _ _ _ M an ufacturin g. _ __ __ G uards. _ ___ W atchm en _ _ _ _ _ N onm anufacturing__ Jan itors, p o r t e r s , and clea n ers (m en)__ M anufacturing __ ___ N onm anufacturing __ P u blic u t ilit ie s 3 _ _ W holesale tr a d e . _ - 71 71 _ __ E levator o p e r a to r s , p a ssen g er (w om en )_____ _ __ N onm anufacturing _ __ _ Arerege $ 1 . 0 0 $ 1 . 1 0 $ 1 . 2 0 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 hourly 2 and earnings under $ 1 . 1 0 $ 1 . 2 0 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 446 380 - - _ _ - 24 - 24 24 12 12 - 35 35 43 43 132 132 91 _ 91 9 9 147 79 - 10 - _ - - 1 1 4 4 - 23 23 71 71 - - - 5 3 _ 3 27 7 1 1 2 _ 1 1 5 1 - 8 6 2 20 - 8 3 135 197 12 8 69 80 48 32 _ 2 2 189 9 84 9 75 194 73 123 - 4 4 “ 31 9 9 _ 108 89 64 25 19 143 95 83 66 12 1 22 48 59 441 378 63 7 2 11 _ 3 362 278 84 60 144 95 49 14 157 124 33 20 2 501 90 411 28 1 6 11 54 9 3 3 _ - - ‘ - 12 12 10 20 11 5 5 — 22 22 17 14 66 7 3 4 59 1 r~ 2.24 1.90 2.29 2.27 1.75 1.99 - 1.71 - - 1.64 1.85 1.52 1.63 _ _ _ _ 765 702 063 307 250 498 2.59 2.43 16 16 2.28 16 - 34 27 8 16 6 13 12 2 13 10 O rd er f ille r s M anufacturing N onm anufacturing _ _ _ _ Pnbli'r nti* 11ti * e ^ * W bnlpealp traHp R etail t r a d e ____________________ __ 2, 547 485 2 , 062 135 1,380 547 2.60 2.40 2.64 2.82 2.70 2.47 _ _ _ _ - 2 2 - 5 84 42 42 79 4 75 77 17 60 23 - 3 3 - 13 - _ - P a c k e r s , shipping (m en )____ M anufacturin g__ _ _ 1,097 511 586 478 108 375 rs"2 144 1.94 1.65 1.59 511 253 258 113 119 2.60 F inan ce 4 __ _ ___ __ ___ - 24 - 24 147 9 - 67 15 - _ 121 91 32 57 18 1 10 41 64 97 248 419 5 10 52 1 2 2 2 10 418 18 _ _ _ _ 8 2 21 13 99 27 72 93 91 6 187 174 13 7 6 22 _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - - 100 48 29 29 _ 19 _ _ _ 25 9 9 _ 16 50 54 37 r - T T 28 46 _ 9 13 8 92 92 _ 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 653 186 467 84 287 96 362 383 67 316 214 1032 61 l 12 12 34 34 _ _ _ _ _ 177 139 213 1 - - - - - - 334 85 249 q 7 178 442 27 415 712 33 679 65 422 192 56 5 51 37 8 _ _ _ 15 . 15 _ _ _ _ _ - - 15 - - - - 103 5 98 8 7 1 6 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 88 10 8 7 7 - 1 1 6 6 _ 1 _ _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 2 3 3 12 1 1 _ _ 1 2 _ _ ■_ _ 2 2 ■ " 3 3 ■ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ - 37 31 30 — n r 7 16 7 15 - _ ' 46 33 13 9 4 - _ - _ _ _ _ 36 19 17 - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 137 5 _ - _ 188 140 48 45 3 14 _ 10 1 1 _ 6 J an itors, p o r t e r s , and clea n ers (w o m e n ) _ M a n n fa r t n r i n g . _ N onm anufacturing P u blic u tilities . 3 678 136 542 57 _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ R e t a il t r a d e F in a n r p ^ 68 388 L a b o r e rs , m a teria l handling___________ M anufacturing _ _ __ __ ’Pn’hlir* ntnlitioQ ^ WVinl^aalp fradp R etail t r a d e . _ _ ______ N o n m a n n fa r t n r in g W h o le sa le tra d e R etail t r a d e _______________________ P a ck e rs , shipping (wom en)_____________ N o n m a n n fa r t n r in g R e t a il t r a d e R e c e iv in g c le r ic s M anufacturin gN o n m a n n fa c to r in g ----- ---- W holesale trade___________________ R etail t r a d e . _ _____ __ 5, 1, 4, 2, 1, 2.66 _ 43 6 43 57 18 39 _ 10 2 1 2.00 6 4 28 4 14 17 34 34 35 35 8 21 - 5 16 7 3 4 3 “ 18 4 1 _ 4 _ _ 2 593 173 420 374 36 1137 314 823 584 227 10 12 2 21 367 8 2 2.73 2.69 45 171 14 36 107 90 17 129 37 92 172 93 79 291 33 258 1 2 11 g 110 100 10 439 218 1 8 213 162 51 8 - 82 9 64 13 233 14 74 74 73 53 - 20 20 85 33 52. 52 - 60 - 8 - - - - - - - 5 42 75 4 56 2.54 2.41 _ - 1 2 12 2 20 - - 9 2 2 2 11 8 1 11 1 10 2 - - - 9 15 - 15 13 2.66 2.68 - - - - - - 10 _ 2.57 - - 1 2 2 4 4 - 2 2 1 1 19 19 19 31 31 31 35 32 32 12 1 2 4 - - 1 2 4 10 10 10 2.61 2.62 12 12 8 8 8 11 11 1 - 4 4 - 23 10 21 16 3 13 17 8 51 34 17 55 55 _ - 12 5 182 _ _ _ 9 - 2.76 2.44 1 ' ' ' 2 4 6 6 13 20 25 18 1 2 24 2 21 20 4 61 31 30 7 7 10 - 62 373 182 191 127 64 68 294 56 236 2 7 354 54 180 20 160 142 18 _ _ 214 1032 1032 12 _ 4 4 1 _ 82 56 39 15 24 13 24 42 26 93 47 46 25 10 13 20 _ 8 _ _ ” 6 _ _ _ 1 _ _ 10 14 6 17 221 10 21 ------ 8 " 1 - ■ S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . 3 _ 20 _ 60 30 30 24 ” 26 7 7 66 2 _ _ _ _ 12 T a b le A -5. C u stodial and M aterial M o v e m e n t O ccu p a tion s— C on tin u ed (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l, M in n . , J a n u a ry 1964) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation 1 and 2 industry d ivision Number at workers Average $ 1 . 0 0 $ 1 . hourly , and earning* under $ 1. 10 $ 1 . $1. 30 $1. 40 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 10 $ 1. 20 $1. 30 $1. 40 $1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $1. 90 $ 2 . 20 Shipping c l e r k s _________________________ M anufacturing_______________ ______ N onm anufacturing___________________ W holesale t r a d e __________________ 350 174 176 146 $2. 71 2 . 69 2. 73 2. 72 Shipping and receiv in g c le r k s _________ M anufacturing_______________________ N onm anufacturing- _________________ W holesale t r a d e __________________ 288 163 125 72 2. 58 2. 52 2 . 66 2. 83 _ - T ru ck d riv e rs 5 ---------------------------------------M anufacturing------- — ---------------------N onm anufacturing___________________ P u blic u tilities 3 __________________ 4 W holesale t r a d e __________________ R etail t r a d e ______________________ 4 ,0 7 3 548 3, 525 2 , 221 674 537 2.9 3 2. 86 2. 94 2 . 98 2 .93 2 . 82 _ - T r u c k d r iv e r s , light (under IV 2 ton s)____ _______________________ M anufactur ing____________________ Nonm anufacturing________________ W holesale t r a d e ______________ Potail traHp 460 149 311 64 170 2. 74 2. 67 2. 85 2. 67 - T r u c k d r iv e r s , m edium (lV z to and including 4 ton s)___________________ M anufacturing____________________ N onm anufacturing___ ___________ P u blic u tilities 3 ___ _________ W holesale t r a d e ______________ R etail t r a d e __________________ 2, 154 217 1,937 1,503 255 179 2. 94 2.91 2 .95 2.97 2. 87 2 . 81 T r u c k d r iv e r s , heavy (o v e r 4 tons, tr a ile r ty p e )_______________________ M anufacturing____________________ N onm anufacturing________________ P u blic u tilities 3 ______________ W holesale t r a d e ______________ 1, 241 90 1, 151 698 307 T r u c k d r iv e r s , heavy (o v e r 4 tons, other than tr a ile r type)_________ .__ M anufacturing____________________ 137 69 T r u c k e r s , pow er (fo r k lift )_____________ M anufacturing_______________________ N onm anufacturing------- --- --------P u blic u tilities 3 _ _______________ W holesale t r a d e __________________ R etail trade ______________________ T r u c k e r s , pow er (other than f o r k lift )_________ _________ _________ M anufacturing_______________________ 1 2 3 4 5 1,00 0 549 451 213 129 109 537 381 2 . 90 $2 . 10 $2 . $2 . 10 $2 . 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $2. 90 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 $3.4 0 $3. 50 $3. 60 . - 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ 2 . 60 $2. 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 9 0 $3. 00 $3. 10 $3. 20 $3. 30 $3. 40 $3. 50 12 8 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - . - . - . - 4 6 6 2 - 1 1 6 - 23 16 7 27 4 23 3 14 _ 14 27 16 40 28 28 7 11 10 12 21 11 57 32 25 9 20 11 20 43 33 29 12 38 26 10 17 12 33 17 16 12 11 11 12 12 11 45 5 40 136 125 26 11 0 117 177 85 92 10 107 3 12 7 6 2 16 15 6 5 1 - 2 - - 2 1 1 - 1 2 1 1 1 - 2 2 1 1 - - - 2 - 1 1 17 2 1 81 47 34 23 12 - 16 10 26 3 23 - 14 14 - 10 24 1 - 11 4 - 10 12 1 - - _ 2 1 20 - - 4 4 20 2 2 - 5 5 18 30 4 4 - 8 4 4 3 - 13 - 9 10 - 8 1 23 - 7 - 21 21 - 7 - 30 - 3. 00 89 3. 01 3. 03 2. 97 2 2 1 1 2. 74 2. 57 32 32 - 12 43 43 53 44 9 - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 40 40 10 116 8 10 21 10 54 3 51 11 1 55 17 38 36 44 29 4 25 13 7 7 7 15 15 465 505 76 429 13 147 269 2312 9 2303 2028 275 - 114 114 4 105 13 13 13 68 68 119 28 91 5 1406 1406 1346 60 - 34 33 - - 14 14 14 - 160 305 ' 75 4 112 27 84 40 44 34 12 15 2 1 193 10 - 34 4 30 63 49 14 10 10 1 10 10 10 106 106 - 3 291 73 218 77 141 - 83 20 _ _ _ _ - - - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - 2. _ _ _ - - - - - . - 3 3 _ - 28 28 64 64 12 - 8 8 - - - - 4 4 119 64 55 51 4 " - - - 23 23 33 26 138 3 2 2 6 6 1 - 1 1 6 6 - ■ 2 11 10 28 8 21 8 7 - 1 1 4 4 - 8 8 - 2 2 116 13 13 13 - 14 14 _ _ 9 3 3 _ - - - - - 2 - - 1 12 68 18 17 2 242 40 860 19 1 202 860 1 1 1 4 52 2 73 72 - 3 53 682 178 10 8 8 28 4 233 37 116 5 196 111 116 34 46 54 57 46 46 45 - 1 186 153 33 33 - 238 238 69 65 24 14 10 - 10 - - . - 9 22 1 - 25 17 16 61 2.69 2. 57 2. 84 2 . 82 2. 83 2 . 89 59 2. 63 2 29 18 61 2. Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs except w here otherw ise indicated. E xcludes prem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eeken ds, h olid ays, and late shifts. T ran sp ortation , com m u nication, and other public u tilitie s. F in an ce, in su ran ce, and re a l estate. Includes all d r iv e r s re g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f truck operated. 00 . 00 101 15 1 14 - - 1 1 - - 1 - 2 2 2 2 - 2 - 6 1 1 12 9 3 3 - 6 1 - - 13 13 13 - 6 6 - " ~ - - - - - _ - 2 2 - . - - - " ■ 20 20 ~ ■ - Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bu reau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machinC^other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. C la s s A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. B iller, m achine (billing m achine)• Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. C la ss B . Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers'accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. B ille r , m achine (b ook k eep in g m ach in e). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers' ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING C la ss A. Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 13 14 CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. C la ss B . Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vbuchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE C la s s A , In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. B# Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. C la s s C la s s C 9 Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any com bination o f th e fo llo w in g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 15 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C la s s A . Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. C l a s s B . Under close supervision or* following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other rela tively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. D o e s not in clu de transcribing-m achine w ork . (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. D o e s not in clu de tran scribing-m ach in e work. 16 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued C la s s C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCH BOARD OPERA TOR-RE CE PTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR C la s s A. Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. D o e s not in clu d e working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C la s s B# Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. C la s s A. Performs one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources err responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. C la s s B. Performs one or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 17 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN DRAFTSMAN— Continued L e a d e r . Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Inter preting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; deter mining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and in specting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. S en ior . Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve o com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams, and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a spe cialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. Junior (a s s is ta n t). Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medical direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who be come ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other estab lishment. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ in juries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carry ing out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evalu ation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, wel fare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 18 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay outs, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May a ls o supervise these operations. H ea d or c h i e f e n g in eers in e s ta b lis h m en ts em p loyin g more than one en g in eer are e x c lu d e d . MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 19 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE-Continued MILLWRIGHT properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source o f trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacementpart by a machine shop or sendingof the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose prim ary d u tie s involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of.mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 20 PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily e n g a g e d in in sta llin g and repairing building sa n ita tion or h eating s y s t e m s are e x c lu d e d . types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In c lu d e s g a te - men who are sta tio n ed at gate and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and oth er p e r so n s en terin g . 21 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type o f container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may in v o lv e on e or more o f the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a ck ers who a lso make w ood en b o x e s or cra tes are e x c lu d e d . LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve o n e 'o r more o f the fo llo w in g: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. L o n g sh o r e m e n , who load and unload sh ip s are e x c lu d e d . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. ping work in v o lv e s : Ship A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work i n v o lv e s : May R ec eiv in g Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: R e c e iv in g clerk requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and Shipping clerk perform Other related duties. Shipping and re ce iv in g clerk 22 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D riv er -sa le sm e n and o v er -th e -r o a d d rivers are e x c lu d e d . Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, p ow er (forklift) Trucker , p ow er (other than fork lift) T ru ckdriver (com bin ation o f s i z e s l i s t e d se p a r a te ly ) Truckdriver, ligh t (under 1% ton s) WATCHMAN Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 to n s) Truckdriver, h e a v y (o v e r 4 ton s, trailer ty p e ) Truckdriver, h ea v y (o v er 4 to n s, other than trailer ty p e ) Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. Available On Request— T h e fo u r th a n n u a l r e p o r t o n s a l a r i e s fo r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d it o r s , a t t o r n e y s , c h e m i s t s , e n g in e e r s , e n g in e e rin g p e r s o n n e l, m an agers o f o f fic e te c h n ic ia n s , d r a ft s m e n , s e r v ic e s , t r a c e r s , jo b and c le r ic a l a n a ly s ts , d ir e c to r s o f e m p lo y e e s . O r d e r a s B L S B u ll e t in 1 3 8 7 , N a t io n a l S u rv e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m in is t r a t iv e , T e c h n i c a l , a n d C l e r i c a l P a y , F e b r u a r y —M a rch 1 9 6 3 » 40 c e n t s a c o p y . Occupational Wage Surveys A lis t o f the la test available bulletins is presen ted below . A d ir e c to r y indicating dates o f e a r lie r stu d ies, and the p r ic e s o f the bulletins is a v a ila b le on req u est. B u lletin s m ay be pu rchased from the Superintendent o f D ocu m en ts, U .S . G overnm ent P rinting O ffice , W ashington, E'. C. , 20402, o r fr o m any o f the BLS reg ion a l sales o ffic e s shown on the inside front c o v e r . Bulletin num ber A rea 1345-81 1345-53 1345-63 1345-45 1345-71 1385-24 1345-67 1345-56 1345-74 1385-16 A k ro n , O h io _______________________________ A lban y— Sch en ectady— r o y , N. Y _________ T A lb u q u erq u e, N. M e x ____________________ A llentow n — ethlehem — aston , P a .— J_. B E N. A tlan ta, Ga —........................................................ B a ltim o r e , M d ____________________________ Beaum ont— o r t A rth u r, T e x ____________ P B irm in g h a m , A l a _________________________ B o is e , I d a h o ______________________________ B oston , M ass 1 ____________________________ B u ffa lo, N. Y ______________________________ B u rlin gton , Vt 1 ____________________________ Canton, O h io ______________________________ C h a rle s to n , W. V a _______________________ C h a rlotte, N. C ____________________________ C hattanooga, Tenn. — a __________________ G C h ica g o, 1111______________________________ Cine in n a ti, Ohio— Ky______________________ C levela n d , O h io ___________________________ C olu m bu s, O h io ___________________________ ... D a lla s, T e x _______________________________ D avenport— ock Island— o lin e, Iowa— R M 111 D ayton , O h io ______________________________ D en v er, C o l o 1____________________________ D es M o in e s , I o w a ________________________ D etroit, M ic h 1 ____________________________ F o rt W orth, T e x __________________________ G reen B a y, W i s ___________________________ G re e n v ille , S. C ___________________________ Houston, T e x _____________________________ .. In dianapolis, Ind 1 _________________________ Ja ck son , M i s s _______ . __________-_______ ... J a ck s o n v ille , F l a _________________________ Kansas C ity , M o. — Kans 1------------------------L aw ren ce— a v erh ill, M a s s .— H ______ H N. L ittle R ock — orth L ittle R o c k , A r k _____ N L os A n g eles— Long B ea ch , C a lif 1________ L o u is v ille , Ky. — Ind 1 ______________________ L u bbock, T e x --------------------------------------------M an ch ester, N. H _________________________ M em ph is, T e n n 1---------------------------------------l P r ic e ... ... ... ... 20 20 20 20 25 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1385-33 1345-50 1345-64 1345-61 1345-58 1385-5 1345-65 1345-54 1385-11 1385-25 25 25 20 20 20 20 30 20 25 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1385-15 1385-12 1345-35 1385-34 1345-42 1345-47 1385-19 1385-4 1345-68 1345-82 25 20 20 25 20 25 20 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents 1385-30 1345-43 1385-32 1385-26 1345-77 1385-3 1345-62 1345-48 1345-72 1385-1 1385-35 25 20 20 25 20 20 30 25 20 20 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. A rea Bulletin num ber P r ic e M iam i, F l a 1_________________________________ M ilw aukee, W i s 1_________________________________ M inn eapolis— St. P a u l, Minn_____________________ M M uskegon— uskegon H eights, M i c h ____________ New ark and J e r s e y C ity, N. J___________________ New Haven, C o n n 1_______________________________ ........ .......................... New O rlea n s, L a 1 New Y ork , N. Y 1 __________________________________ N orfolk — ortsm ou th and N ew port News— P Ham pton, Va 1__________________________________ Oklahoma C ity, O k la _____________________________ 1385-29 1345-59 1385-39 1345-69 1345-46 1385-37 1345-44 1345-79 25 25 25 20 25 20 25 40 1345-75 1385-2 25 cents 20 cents Omaha, N e b r. — Iowa 1 _____________________________ P a te rs o n — lifton— a s s a ic , N. J _________________ C P P h ila delph ia, P a. — J 1_________________________ N. P h oen ix, A r i z ____________________________________ P ittsb u rg h , P a ___________________________________ P ortla n d , M a in e 1 _________________________________ P ortla n d , Or eg. — a s h __________________________ W P r o v id e n c e — aw tucket, R. I . — a s s 1 P M ____________ R aleigh , N. C 1 ____________________________________ ___________________________________ R ich m on d, Va 1 1385-14 1345-76 1385-31 1345-57 1385-38 1385-22 1345-73 1345-70 1385-7 1385-23 25 20 30 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents R o c k fo rd , H I _____________________________________ St. L o u is, M o . - I l l _______________________________ Salt Lake C ity, U ta h _____________________________ San A ntonio, T e x 1 ________________________________ R O San B ern ardin o— iv e r sid e — n tario, C a l i f 1____ San D ieg o, C a lif__________________________________ San F r a n c is c o — Oakland, C a lif 1 __________________ Savannah, G a _______________ Scran ton , P a 1____________________________________ Seattle, W a s h 1___________________________________ 1345-55 1385-21 1385-28 1345-78 1385-9 1385-13 1385-36 1345-60 1385-8 1385-10 20 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 25 25 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents Sioux F a lls , S. D a k 1_____________________________ South Bend, In d___________________________________ Spokane, W a s h 1 __________________________________ . T o le d o , O h io 1____________________________________ T ren ton , N. J _____________________________________ W ashington, D . C . - M d . - V a _____________________ W aterbu ry, C on n _________________________________ W a terloo, I o w a .__________________________________ W ich ita, K a n s____________________________________ W o r c e s te r , M a ss_________________________________ Y ork , P a _________________________________________ 1385-20 1345-52 1345-66 1345-51 1385-27 1385-17 1345-49 1385-18 1385-6 1345-80 1345-41 25 20 25 25 20 25 20 20 20 20 20 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents
@FedFRASER