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Occupational Wage Survey SPOKANE, WASHINGTON MAY 1963 B u lle tin No. 1 3 4 5 -6 6 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey SPOKANE, WASHINGTON MAY 1963 B u l l e t i n No. 1345-66 July 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR W. Willard W irtz, Secretary BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents / r yS f \ W IWiSB \®P/ o*. 3) Contents Preface Page The Labor Market Occupational Wage Survey Program Eighty-two labor markets currently are included in the Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual oc cupational wage surveys in major labor markets. These studies provide data on occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. Information on related supple mentary benefits is obtained biennially in most of the labor markets. Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------Wage trends for selected occupational groups __________________________ Tables : 1. Z. A two-part summary bulletin is issued after the completion of all of the area bulletins for a round of sur veys (for the current round of surveys, the first part of this bulletin will be available late in 1963 and the second part early in 1964). The first part presents individual labor market data. The second part presents data re lating to all metropolitan areas in the United States. Establishments and workers within scope of survey ____________ Percents of change in standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, for selected periods _____________________ A: Occupational earnings:* A - 1. Office occupations—men and women _______________________ A -Z. Professional and technical occupations—men _____________ A -3 . Office, professional, and technical occupations— men and women combined -----------------------------------------------A -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations _________________ A - 5. Custodial and material movement occupations __________ A preliminary report which presents earnings trends for selected occupational groups and average earn ings in selected jobs is released within a month after the completion of the study in each area. This bulletin pro vides additional data not included in the preliminary report. This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau's re gional office in San Francisco, Calif., by Robert L. Orr, under the direction of William P. O'Connor. The study was under the general direction of John L. Dana, Assistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. 1 4 3 3 5 6 7 8 9 B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:* B -l. Minimum entrance salaries for women office workers — B-Z. Shift differentials --------------------------------------------------------------B -3 . Scheduled weekly hours ----------------------------------------------------B -4 . Paid holidays _______________________________________________ B -5 . Paid vacations _____________________________________________ B -6 . Health, insurance, and pension plans ____________________ 10 11 11 1Z 13 15 Appendix: Occupational descriptions ------------------------------------------------------ 17 * NOTE: Similar tabulations are available for other major areas. (See inside back cover.) Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels in the Spokane area, are also available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, local-transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. iii Occupational Wage Survey—Spokane, Wash. Introduction This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U .S. De partment of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bu reau field economists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communica tion, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the con struction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria. schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Differences in pay levels for selected occupations in which both men and women are commonly employed are largely due to (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties performed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of service or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted'on this basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descrip tions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usually more generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. E s timates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minimum size studied. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number ac tually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment ob tained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indi cate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occupational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earnings data. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material move ment. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and described in the appendix. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described are not presented in the A -series tables because either (l) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possi bility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented (in the B -series tables) on selected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they relate to office and plant workers. The concept "office workers, " as used in this bulletin, includes working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers performing clerical or related functions, and excludes ad ministrative, executive, and professional personnel. "Plant workers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Administrative, executive, and professional employees, and force-account construc tion employees who are utilized as a separate work force are ex cluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufac turing industries, but included as plant workers in nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude pre mium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are r e ported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work Minimum entrance salaries (table B -l) relate only to the e s tablishments visited. They are presented in terms of establishments with formal minimum entrance salary policies. 1 2 Shift differential data (table B-2) are limited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) estab lishment policy, 1 presented in terms of total plant worker employ ment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of workers ac tually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, the cla s sification "other" was used. In establishments in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. The scheduled hours (table B-3) of a majority of the firstshift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B -4 through B-6) are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual items in tables B-2 through B-6 may not equal totals because of rounding. Data on paid holidays (table 'B-4) are limited to data on holidays granted annually on a formal basis; i . e . , (l) are provided for in written form, or (2) have been established by custom. Holi days ordinarily granted are included even though they may fall on a nonworkday, even if the worker is not granted another day off. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half holidays actually granted. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e. The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to formal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate e s timates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earn ings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay, payments not on a time basis were converted to a time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was con sidered as the equivalent of 1 week's pay. Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans (table B-6) for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compensation, social security, and railroad retirement. Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this pur pose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or ac cident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require employer contributions,2 plans are included only if the em ployer (1) contributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick-leave plans are limited to formal plans 3 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are pre sented according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as- extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by com mercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker's life. 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met do not require employer contributions. either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. An it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (l) had that could be expected by each employee. Such a plan need not be operated late shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or written, but informal sick-leave allowances, determined on an indi (2) had provisions in written form for operating late shifts. vidual basis, were excluded. 1 3 T a b le 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin scop e of su rv e y and num ber studied in Spokane, W a s h ., M in im um em ploym en t in e s ta b lis h m ents in scope of study In d u stry d iv isio n A l l d iv isio n s W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts N u m b er o f e sta b lish m e n ts W ithin sc o p e of study Studied W ithin sc o p e of study 3 Studied 129 67 2 3 , 100 3, 500 14, 90 0 16, 380 50 - 40 89 24 43 7, 90 0 1 5 ,2 0 0 600 2 , 900 6 , 000 8 , 900 6 , 390 9, 990 50 50 50 50 50 22 15 31 9 12 11 8 12 6 6 80 0 3, 300 4, 690 820 2, 420 1, 110 950 ______________________________ __— ------------------------------- M an u factu rin g __________________________ ____________________ N o n m an u factu rin g ------------------------------------ -----------------------------------T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other p ub lic u tilitie s 5 _____________________________________________ W h o le s a le tra d e _____ ________________________________________ R e ta il tra d e ____________________________________________________ F in a n c e , in su r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te -------------------------------S e r v ic e s 8 _______________________________________________________ by m a jo r in d u stry d iv isio n , 2 M a y 1963 O ffice T otal 4 5, 1, 5, 1, 1, 90 0 40 0 200 300 40 0 Plant T o t a l4 (?) (?) (?) (?) (?) (?) (6) (6) 1 The Spokane Stan dard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tistica l A r e a c o n sists of Spokane County. The "w o r k e r s w ithin scope of stu d y" e s t im a t e s shown in this table p ro v id e a r e a so n a b ly ac cu ra te d esc rip tion of the s iz e and c o m p o sitio n of the lab or fo r c e included in the su rv e y . Th e e s t im a t e s are not intended, h o w ev er, to s e r v e as a b a s is of c o m p a r iso n w ith other em p lo y m en t in dexes for the a rea to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tre n d s or le v e ls sin ce ( 1) planning of wage su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the u se of e sta b lish m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n sid e r a b ly in advance of the p a y r o ll p erio d studied, and (2) sm a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re ex clu d ed fr o m the scop e of the su rvey. 2 The 19 57 r e v is e d ed ition of the Standard In d ustrial C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lish m e n ts by in d u stry d iv isio n . 3 In clud es a ll e s t a b lis h m e n ts w ith total em ploym en t at or above the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (within the area ) of c om p an ie s in such in d u str ie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto rep air s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ictu r e th e a te rs a r e c o n sid e r e d as 1 esta b lish m en t. 4 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s exclu ded fr o m the se p a r a te o ffic e and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tra n sp ortation w ere ex clu d ed . 6 T h is in d u stry d iv isio n is r e p r e s e n te d in e stim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , and fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s. S ep arate p resen tation of data for th is d iv isio n is not m ad e for one or m o r e of the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv isio n is too s m a ll to p rovid e enough data to m e r it sep arate study, (2) the sam p le w a s not d esig n ed in itia lly to p e r m it sep arate p resen tation , (3) r e sp o n se w as in su fficie n t or inadequate to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e se n ta tio n , and (4) th e re is p o s s ib ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual e sta b lish m e n t data. 7 W o r k e r s f r o m this e n tire in d u stry d iv isio n are r e p r e se n te d in e s t im a t e s for " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but fr o m the r e a l e sta te p ortion only in e s t im a t e s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s. Sep arate p r e se n ta tio n of data for this d iv isio n is not m ad e fo r one or m o r e of the r e a s o n s given in footnote 6 above. 8 H o t e ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; au tom obile r e p a ir sh o p s; m otion p ic tu r e s ; n onprofit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iza tio n s; and en gin eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . T ab le 2. P e r c e n ts of c h a n g e 1 in stand ard w ee k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u rly ea rn in g s for se le c te d occu p ation al grou ps in Spokane, W a s h ., fo r se le c te d p e r io d s Industry and occu p ation al group M ay 1962 to M ay 1963 M a y 1961 to M a y 1962 A ll in d u strie s: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and w om en) __________________________ In d ustrial n u rses (m e n and w om en) _______________________ Skilled m aintenance (m en) ___________________________________ U n sk illed plant (men) ________________________________________ 3 .8 2.6 (1 2) 2.2 2.1 (2 ) 3 .9 5.5 M anufacturing: O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and w om en) ________ ______ ___________ In d ustrial n u rses (m en and w om en) _______________________ S killed m aintenance (m en) ___________________________________ U n sk illed plant (men) ________________________________________ (2 ) (2) 2.2 3—.4 (2) (2 ) 4 .1 3 .9 1 2 3 U n less o th erw ise in dicated , a ll a r e in c r e a s e s . Data do not m e e t p ub lication c r it e r ia . This d ecline la r g e ly r e fle c t s em p lo y e e tu rn o ver w ithin and betw een h ig h - and lo w -w a g e e s t a b lis h m e n ts rather than w age d e c r e a s e s . 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table Z are percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in av erage earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per centages of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in average straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occupations and in clude most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A, B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenographers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and Z unskilled jobs are included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; mechanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled— janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by employment in each of the jobs during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio (expressed as a per centage) of the group aggregate for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percentage of change from the one period to the other. The percentages of change measure, principally, the effect^ of (1) general salary and wage changes; (Z) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force re sulting from labor turnover, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause in creases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the pro portion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and lower the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. Similarly, the .movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other establishments in the area. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the ef fect of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job included in the data. The percentages of change are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for over time, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. Wage indexes for selected groups of workers based on data from the labor market surveys were computed for Z0 areas between 1953 and I960. In 1961, the labor market occupational wage program was expanded to include 80 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas which will be surveyed annually. This expansion made data available for the computation of wage indexes for selected job groupings in each of the 80 areas. The above text represents the method used in computing these new wage change indexes. The new series was initiated last year and the data are not comparable with trends published prior to that time. The new series covers the same job groupings as the earlier series with the following exceptions: The clerical and industrial nurse groups, formerly restricted to women, now include both men and women. Changes were also made in the jobs included within job groupings in order that an identical list could be employed in all areas. A: Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women (Average straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Spokane, W ash ., M ay 1963) Average Weekly (Standard) Weekly earnings1 (Standard) N UM BER OF W O RK ERS R E CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E W EEKLY E A RN ING S OF— $ 45 $ 40 and under 45 50 $ 70 $ 75 $ 80 $ 85 $ 90 $ 95 $ 100 $ 105 $ no $115 $ 120 $ 125 $ 130 $ 135 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 2 2 5 2 3 11 11 6 4 1 3 1 13 4 9 7 4 4 - 12 12 11 2 2 - 3 2 1 - 2 2 - 2 1 1 - _ - 4 2 2 5 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ 3 3 19 _ . - - $ 50 $ 55 $ 60 55 60 65 _ - _ - _ - _ - 2 2 _ _ _ _ 4 o Number of workers ■vj O 1 Sex, occupation, and industry division s 140 and over M en C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A -------------------Manufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------P ublic u tilities 2 _____________________ 62 16 46 25 39.5 40 .0 39.5 40 .0 $1 1 2 .5 0 118.50 110.00 114.50 _ - _ - - _ - C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B _____________ 23 39.0 94 .0 0 _ _ _ 1 _______________________________ 28 40.0 101.50 __________________________________ 15 39.5 70.00 B ille r s , m achine (billing machine) ______ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------- 25 22 40.0 40 .0 73.00 70.50 _ Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B _____________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 80 72 40 .0 40 .0 65 .00 63 .50 - _ - - C le r k s, accounting, c la s s A _____________ M anufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------- 61 16 45 39.5 40 .0 39.5 89 .50 89.50 89.50 _ - - - C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B -------------------Manufacturing __ ------------- -------- -------Nonmanufacturing -------- ------------------------------Public u tilities 2 ------------------------------------------ 114 27 87 17 40 .0 40 .0 39.5 40 .0 72.50 8 3 .50 6 9 .50 8 9 .50 _ _ 2 - - - ____________________________ _______________ __________ 31 27 39.5 39.5 6 1 .00 57.50 _ _ - - 6 6 " ______________________________________ 25 4 0 .0 72.00 _ _ 4 C le r k s, order Office boys _ - “ 1 - 2 1 1 3 1 _ _ _ 1 _ _ - 3 3 _ - - * - - - 1 6 4 - - - - - - - - _ _ _ “ - - - - - - - - - 3 1 2 5 1 4 1 _ _ _ _ - - - - - 1 - - - - 3 3 2 2 7 _ 3 3 5 5 8 8 2 2 _ 8 8 13 13 26 26 17 14 5 5 4 2 - _ _ _ - - _ - 6 1 5 1 - - 9 2 7 3 3 1 13 4 9 7 7 8 - - - 7 " 7 8 8 _ 1 1 W om en C le r k s, file , c la ss B Nonmanufacturing C le r k s, order C lerk s, p ayroll __________________ _______________ M anufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing -----------------------1--------- 43 17 26 40 .0 40 .0 40 .0 82.50 85.00 81.00 C om ptom eter op erators ___________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 58 47 40 .0 40 .0 67.00 64.50 _ - - - 2 - 2 2 3 3 3 2 1 19 14 5 3 3 1 1 _ 3 _ - - - - 3 3 - - - - 3 3 - - - - _ _ - 19 1 18 27 4 23 - - 15 15 6 4 1 1 1 1 _ _ - - - _ 1 _ 9 9 _ 2 3 15 4 11 12 2 10 - _ - - - - 3 4 2 2 5 2 3 2 2 - 5 3 2 3 - " - 3 5 1 4 10 4 6 _ _ - 4 4 7 7 25 23 5 5 2 2 9 1 4 3 _ - - - I - _ _ 2 - - - _ _ _ 3 - - - 3 1 1 _ 1 1 - ____________ 33 4 0 .0 92.50 _ _ _ _ 3 3 2 6 3 _ _ _ _ Keypunch o p erators, c la ss B ____________ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------- ------ 29 29 39.5 39.5 67.00 67.00 . . 4 4 3 3 9 9 1 1 5 5 3 3 . . _ . - 4 4 Office g ir ls __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________ ____ 21 21 40 .0 40 .0 67.50 67.50 _ _ _ _ - 1 1 _ - 2 2 _ " 10 10 - - S e c reta ries ---------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ___________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ Public u tilities 2 _____________________ 128 43 85 21 39.5 40 .0 39.5 40 .0 92.50 108.00 84.50 95.50 _ _ - _ - 1 1 8 8 6 6 11 - - - 8 2 6 2 Stenographers, general ____________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 82 75 39.5 39.0 70.50 70.50 5 5 3 2 17 14 23 22 15 15 7 5 Keypunch op era to rs, c la ss A - - - - " . - _ _ " - - 11 " _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - “ - “ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - _ 14 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 13 12 1 1 11 9 2 2 2 - . _ - _ _ - - - 1 1 1 . _ _ _ " - 1 1 1_________ See footnotes at end of table. - - - 4 4 3 2 2 - _ 7 1 6 3 - - - 10 4 6 6 4 4 - - - - - - - - _ - 3 3 _ - _ 3 3 _ - _ _ 14 6 8 _ - - - 8 2 6 _ - _ 3 3 23 5 18 5 _ - _ _ - _ - - 5 5 _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ " - ~ - - 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and W om en-----Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Spokane, W a sh ., M ay 1963) NUM B ER OP W O RK ERS RECEIVING STR AIGH T-TIM E W EEKLY E A RN IN G S OF A verage Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division 40 and under 45 $ Weekly^ (Standard) Weekly earnings1 (Standard) $ 45 $ 50 $ 55 $ 60 65 $ $ 70 $ 75 80 « * 85 $ 90 $ 95 $ 100 * 105 $ 110 115 * » 120 ® 125 * 130 * 135 * 140 and 50 55 60 - 65 70 75 80 85 - - 3 3 - - 5 5 1 3 1 - 95 100 105 110 115 12 11 5 19 19 18 7 7 7 7 7 7 1 1 1 2 2 2 - 1 90 120 125 1 4 130 135 140 over W omen— Continued Stenographers, senior ____ ___ ___ ___ __ Nonmanufacturing __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ Public utilities 2 _ _ _ _ _ _____ __ 64 56 41 40 .0 40 .0 4 0 .0 $ 9 3 .0 0 91.00 95.00 - - " - Switchboard operators _ __ __ __ ---------Nonmanufacturing __ __ __ __ __ ----Public utilities 2 ____________________ 56 51 19 40 .0 40 .0 40 .0 78.00 74.50 91.50 _ _ 2 11 9 2 _ _ 11 6 8 1 - - - - - " - - 2 2 - - - - 3 3 3 _ 2 14 14 14 _ - 4 4 6 - - " " Switchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ------Nonmanufacturing __ _____ __ __ __ 50 36 40 .0 4 0 .0 68.50 _ _ 10 2 1 2 _ 1 2 _ 7 - 1 " - " 4 4 _ 6 12 12 10 6 8 .0 0 5 4 T yp ists, c la ss A _ __ __ ___ __ -------Nonmanufacturing __ ___ ___ ___ _______ 29 24 39.5 39.5 84.00 83.50 _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ - 1 2 1 7 7 2 - 3 3 5 - 2 - - - 4 4 4 4 " T yp ists, c la ss B _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ Nonmanufacturing _ ____ ___ ___ 54 44 40 .0 40 .0 65.00 58.50 8 8 2 7 7 8 8 3 8 8 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ 6 _ 4 4 1 2 2 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. 3 - - - - - " " _ 4 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ 2 " " 1 - _ 1 1 _ _ " - _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ - " - _ _ _ stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these w eekly h ours. Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, Spokane, W ash ., M ay 1963) A verage Number of workers Occupation and industry division Draftsm en, senior __ _____ _____ __ __ __ _____ ______ Manufacturing _______ __ __ __ __ __ __ ------------- — 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which 38 34 Weekly hours1 (Standard) 4U.0 40 .0 em ployees Weekly earnings1 (Standard) NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME W E E K L Y EARNINGS OF— $ 100 and under 105 $130.00 130.50 1 1 receive their * 105 * no $ 115 110 115 120 5 4 5 5 1 1 regular stra igh t-tim e * 120 ' 9 125 125 $ 130 130 135 • 140 135 140 145 6 4 1 6 6 salaries and the * earnings * 150 * 155 150 155 160 165 9 9 1 1 1 1 2 2 145 corresp ond 9 to these - 9 160 w eekly hours. _ _ Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (Average stra igh t-tim e weekly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Spokane, W ash. , May 1963) Occupation and industry division Number of earnings1 (Standard) Occupation and industry division 26 23 B ookkeeping-m achine o p erators, c la ss B ---------------ISTi-vnrv*amifarfurinrY 8 80 72 65. 00 63. 50 rip rles, ^rrnunHng, r l^ s s A __ _ M anufacturing ------------------------------------------------------------ 123 32 91 32 101. 00 104. 00 100.00 112.50 C*. ]pry« nrHpr .... Nonmanufacturing ......... .. .............................. __ _ —------ ------------- -— — --------- — - - —- 137 38 99 22 76. 87. 72. 92. 50 50 00 50 Number of workers Average weekly earnings (Standard) O ffice occupations---- Continued 51 24 27 $ 8 4 . 50 88 . 00 81. 50 Stenographers, senior ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 ----------------------------------------------------- 65 57 42 $ 93. 50 91. 50 95. 00 Com ptom eter operators _______________________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------- 58 47 67. 00 64. 50 Switchboard operators ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------------------Public u tilitie s 2 ----------------------------------------------------- 56 51 19 78. 00 74. 50 91. 50 -------------------------------------- 33 92. 50 Keypunch op erators, c la ss B _________________________ Nonmanufacturing ________ __________________________ 29 29 67. 00 67. 00 Switchboard op era to r-rec ep tio n ists ----------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------------------- 54 40 67. 50 67. 00 Office boys and g irls Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 33 68 . 50 66 . 50 T yp ists, c la ss A ---------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------------------- 30 25 85. 00 84. 00 129 43 86 22 T yp ists, c la ss B ---------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________ 54 44 65. 00 58. 50 82 75 39 34 13 0 .0 0 13 0 .5 0 Keypunch op erators, c la ss A 31 27 61. 00 57. 50 pfp ripQ __________ __ Manufacturing .................................. - ................................. — Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Public utilities 2 _________________________________ 53 46 87. 50 86. 00 Stenographers, general ________________________________ Nr'"n'rr'^rinf;=) rtnring __ ____________ Earnings relate to regu lar stra ig h t-tim e weekly salarie s that are paid for standard w orkweeks. Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. Occupation and industry division ----------------------------------------------------- $ 74. 50 72. 50 Nonmanufacturing P.I^-rkF, fp*», r la s s R Nonmanufa^turing earnings 1 (Standard) Office occupations— Continued O ffice occupations ^rrminting, r la s s R . . . ....... ......... ................ Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------"Puhl i ^ vifilifi ^ Number of workers 92. 108. 85. 95. 50 00 00 50 70. 50 70. 50 P rofession al and technical occupations D raftsm en , senior -----------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------------------- 8 Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Spokane, W ash ., May 1963) NUM B ER OF W O RK ERS RECEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY E A R N IN G S OF— Occupation and industry division of workers $ $ 2.00 2.10 earnings 1 and under 2.20 2.10 hourly C arpenters, maintenance -----------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------- 44 29 15 $ 3 .2 2 3.0 7 3.5 2 E le ctricia n s, maintenance _______________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ 131 110 3.38 3.35 E ngin eers, stationary ------------------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------- 56 36 20 2.96 3.13 2.66 F ire m en , stationary boiler ---------------------------------- 19 2.53 M achin ists, maintenance -------------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________________ 88 79 3.29 3.2 9 M ech anics, automotive (maintenance) -------------Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________________ 154 33 121 3.09 3.1 4 3.08 M ech anics, maintenance _________________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ 191 181 3.28 3.26 “ O ilers _______ _______________________________________ Manufacturing ____________________ ___________ 44 44 2.63 2.63 1 1 P ain ters, maintenance ------------------------------------------ 18 3.26 - “ “ ■ ~ $ 2.20 2.3 0 1 1 - $ 2.3 0 2.4 0 4 4 1 “ 1 - 1 1 " - - - ' " - - - - - ~ 1 1 ~ 2.5 0 - 6 - $ 2.40 " " $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3.4 0 $ 3.5 0 $ 3.6 0 $ 3.70 $ 3.8 0 3.20 3,3 0 3.4 0 3.5 0 3.60 3 .7 0 3.8 0 3.90 1 1 21 21 - - 7 7 2 2 ‘ _ 2 2 5 5 13 13 1 1 81 81 1 . 16 _ _ $ 2.7 0 $ 2.80 $ 2.90 $ 3.00 2.7 0 2.8 0 2.90 3.00 3.10 1 1 1 1 2 2 $ " 2 2 1 1 6 4 14 14 1 1 3 3 1 1 25 24 1 7 6 1 _ . - - - 5 5 _ - - - - . _ . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ “ " 10 4 8 8 4 4 52 52 “ 16 16 - 94 5 89 4 4 7 7 " 2 1 1 15 15 “ 6 6 7 7 " 6 6 - " 4 1 8 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 1 14 14 2 2 - 4 4 . - - - “ - 19 19 „ " 2 _ . - . 28 28 135 135 . _ 2 - - 6 4 2 - 3 3 - ' 18 18 3.10 $ 2.6 0 ' E xcludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. $ 2.5 0 2.60 _ “ 3 " _ . _ - - ” . 10 . “ _ ‘ " _ _ . . 1 3 . . _ . _ _ Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision, Spokane, Wash. , May 1963) NUM BER OF WO RK ERS R E CEIVING ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN ING S OF— Number of workers Average $1. 20 $1. 30 hourly , earningsc and under 1. 30 1. 40 $ 1.40 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ $ 1. 80 1. 90 1. 80 1. 90 o o Occupation 1 and industry division $ $ $ 2 . 10 $2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 $ 2. 50 7---------1$ S 8 3 8 2 . 60 *2. 70 " 2 . 80 2 . 90 *3. 00 3. 10 $3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 and 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 2. 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 - 3 3 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3. 10 19 19 " _ _ 61 5 56 24 24 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 over - " - - _ _ _ _ _ 13 13 _ - _ - _ - _ - | Guards and watchmen ____________________ M anufacturing --------------------------------------Janitors, p o r te r s, and clean ers (men) ----------------------------------------------------------- 37 32 3 $ 2 . 50 2. 64 _ 13 _ 33 _ 53 _ 15 1 14 4 13 33 53 6 6 6 6 _ - 5 5 1 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - 1 1 - - 4 4 6 6 1 _ 1 1 33 14 19 19 14 14 3 2 1 1 57 57 6 6 24 12 12 21 12 9 15 10 5 16 16 64 40 24 57 40 17 36 36 _ - - - - - - 30 30 . 31 30 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ “ 44 40 - - " " - - - 20 8 8 7 _ 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 2 3 - 1 1 12 11 - - - - - 14 _ 38 38 1 .4 8 1. 48 _ -------------------------------- - 20 20 L a b o r e rs, m a te r ia l handling ------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 336 174 162 2. 54 2. 51 2. 56 . - _ - O rder f ille r s -----------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 105 100 2 . 60 2. 60 shipping -------------------------------------- 52 2. 47 3 Receiving c lerk s ----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 24 16 2 . 68 2 . 62 2 2 Shipping clerk s ------------------------------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------- 26 16 2. 75 2 . 68 _ _ _ - - - Shipping and receivin g clerk s ___________ 17 2. 83 _ _ _ _ _ T ru ck d rivers 4 ------------------------------------------Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 370 81 289 200 2. 2. 2. 2. 83 93 80 81 - - - - - T ru ck d rivers, m edium ( l 1^ to and including 4 tons) ------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------PiiKli r 270 24 246 192 2. 2. 2. 2. 77 67 78 81 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) ----------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------- 40 35 2 . 96 2. 93 T ru ck d riv ers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) -------------------- 30 3. 15 T ru ck ers, pow er (forklift) ---------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 245 49 T ru ck ers, pow er (other than forklift) ____________________________________ Manufacturing __________________________ 43 25 Nonmanufacturing P a c k e rs, 1 a 3 4 14 - _ “ _ 4 1 3 - - - 1 1 3 3 _ _ " - 3 1 _ _ _ 39 22 17 18 6 12 2 2 - 5 5 - 17 15 2 - 216 2 214 177 5 5 - - - _ - 2 2 - 7 6 17 17 12 12 2 6 _ 3 3 _ _ _ _ " - - 3 1 _ " 7 6 7 " 2 2 _ - _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ 5 _ 2 5 - - - - 13 13 4 4 - - 3 2 1 1 15 15 14 4 2 2 2 19 18 1 231 5 226 183 13 4 4 - 3 2 1 1 15 15 14 2 2 - 10 9 1 3 - 1 " 13 - 1 _ 2 .7 6 • 2 . 69 2. 35 2 . 28 " - _ - Data lim ited to men w orkers except where otherw ise indicated. Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities. Includes all d r iv e r s regard le ss of size and type of truck operated. 5 - 14 1 13 13 2. 01 2. 43 1 .7 6 2. 16 5 - _ 264 98 166 38 Janitors, p o r te r s, and clean ers 3 3 2 - - - 9 14 14 2 2 2 - - 6 9 6 _ _ 2 _ - - - _ 5 13 _ 2 _ 2 2 10 6 25 11 5 5 4 135 27 46 - - " - - - 15 - 2 2 1 1 - - - - - _ _ ' ' ' “ " ' - “ B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 10 Table B-l. .Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D istrib u tio n of e sta b lish m e n ts studied in a ll in d u str ie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s b y m in im u m en tran ce s a la r y fo r s e le c te d c a te g o r ie s of in e x p e r ie n c e d w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s , Spokane, W a sh ., M ay 1963) In exp e rie n ced typ ists M an ufactu ring M in im u m w eekly s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r y 12 E sta b lish m e n ts studied --------------------------------------------------------------- E sta b lish m e n ts having a sp e c ifie d m in im u m ----------------------- Other in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r ic a l w o r k e r s B a se d on standard w eekly h ours 3 of— A ll in d u strie s 40 40 24 XXX 43 XXX 67 6 6 11 10 24 4 2 1 1 1 1 67 17 B a se d on stan d ard w ee k ly h ou rs 3 of— A ll in d u strie s A ll sch ed u les A ll sch e d u les N on m an u factu rin g M an u factu rin g N onm anufacturing A ll sc h e d u les 40 24 X XX 43 X XX 7 7 17 16 13 5 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 10 4 1 1 1 10 3 1 1 1 A ll sc h e d u les 40 5 4 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 4 3 1 1 1 1 - - --------------------- 10 3 XXX 7 XXX 10 3 X XX 7 XXX E s ta b lish m e n ts w hich did not em p lo y w o r k e r s in this c a te g o r y --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 15 XXX 25 XXX 33 14 X XX 19 XXX $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 and and and and and and and and and and and under $ 5 2 .5 0 ____________________________________ under $ 5 5 .0 0 ____________________________________ under $ 5 7 .5 0 ------------------------------------------------------under $ 6 0 .0 0 ____________________________________ under $ 6 2 .5 0 ------------------------------ -----------------------under $ 6 5 .0 0 ____________________________________ under $ 6 7 .5 0 ------------------------------------------------------under $ 7 0 .0 0 ------------------------------------------------------under $ 7 2 .5 0 ------------------------------------------------------under $ 7 5 .0 0 ____________________________________ over ------------------------------------------------------------------------ E sta b lish m e n ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m 1 2 3 - T h e se s a la r ie s r e la te to fo r m a lly e s ta b lish e d m in im u m sta rtin g (hiring) r eg u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s that are paid for standard w ork w eek s. E x c lu d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c le r ic a l jo b s such as m e s s e n g e r or o ffic e g ir l. D ata a r e p r e se n te d for a ll stand ard w ork w eek s com b in e d , and fo r the m o s t co m m o n stand ard w ork w eek r ep o r ted . 11 Table B-2. (Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n tia ls of m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s b y type and am ount of d iffe r e n tia l, Spokane, W a s h ., M ay 1963) P e r c e n t of m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s — In e sta b lish m e n ts having f o r m a l p r o v isio n s 1 fo r — Shift d ifferen tial Second sh ift w ork __________ ____ ______ A c tu a lly wo rking on— Second sh ift T h ird or other shift 9 5 .5 86 .0 17 .5 13.3 9 5 .5 86 .0 17 .5 13 .3 U n iform cen ts (per hour) _____________________ 9 3 .8 8 3 .7 17 .5 13.3 5 c e n t s ________________________________________ 6 cen ts _ 8 cen ts __ __ __ __ _____ __ __ __ __ 9 cen ts ________________________________________ __ __ __ __ __ _ 10 cen ts _ __ __ ____ __ __ __ __ 12 c e n t s ___ __ 14 cen ts 15 cen ts __ __ __ __ _____ ___ 19 cen ts 25 cen ts ---------------------------------------------------------- 12.0 4 .0 4 5 .9 12.7 6.0 8 .4 3.3 1.5 8 .5 4 .8 5 3 .5 3 .8 8 .9 2.7 1.5 .3 11.5 3.3 1.0 .2 .7 .6 _ 10.5 .2 2 .5 .1 1.7 2 .3 - - T o ta l _______________ _ __ T h ird or other sh ift w ork W ith sh ift pay d ifferen tia l _ __ O ther fo r m a l pay d ifferen tia l W ith no shift pay d iffer en tia l _ ________________ — _ 1 Includes esta b lish m en ts c u r r e n tly o p eratin g late sh ifts, ev en though they w ere not c u r r e n tly op eratin g late sh ifts. - and e sta b lish m e n ts w ith f o r m a l p r o v isio n s co v erin g late sh ifts Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours (P erc en t d istrib u tion of office and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by sch edu led w ee k ly h ou rs of f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , Spokane, W a s h ., M ay 1963) PLAN T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S W e e k ly h ou rs All industries1 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 _ _ 100 100 100 100 100 35 h ou rs _ ____ __ __ _ __ __ 37 ^2 h o u rs __ _ _ _____ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ __ 40 h o u rs ___ ____ _ _ _ 42 h ours ______________________ ________________________________ ___ 4 h ou rs 4 2 94 _ . 1 2 . 4 96 - - - - 100 - - A ll w o r k e r s _ _ __ ____ ' (4) 81 16 3 56 40 2 __________________________________________i 1 2 3 4 In clu d es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th o se in d u stry d iv isio n s T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s. In clu d es •data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e , re ta il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. shown s e p a r a te ly . 100 92 - 8 12 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Spokane, W ash. , May 1963) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Item All industries A ll w o r k e r s ___________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g paid h olid ays _______________________________________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts providin g no paid h olid ays ___________________________________ 1 M anufacturing Pu blic u tilities1 2 All industries34 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 100 100 98 100 100 _ 8 67 25 2 5 N u m b er of days L e s s than 6 h olid ays ______________________________ 6 holid ays ____________________________________________ 6 holid ays plus 2 h alf days _______________________ 7 h olid ays _____________________________________________ 7 h olidays plus 2 h a lf days _______________________ 8 h olid ays ____________________________________________ 1 0 h olidays ___________________________________________ 39 2 36 (4 ) 17 1 _ _ 25 5 48 1 21 3 55 42 2 31 3 50 1 12 ’ " 21 5 58 2 14 T o ta l h olid ay tim e 5 10 8 7 6 4 days _______________________________________________ or m o r e days ______________________________________ or m o r e days ______________________________________ or m o r e days ______________________________________ or m o r e days ______________ ______________________ 1 2 3 4 5 no half 1 19 56 95 95 . . . _ _ 22 75 100 100 42 97 100 100 13 65 96 98 16 79 100 100 25 92 92 100 In cludes data for w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n c e, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a t e ly . T r a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilit ie s . Includes data for w h o le sa le t r a d e , r e t a il t r a d e , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u str y d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. A ll com b in ation s of fu ll and h a lf d ays that add to the s a m e am ount are c om b in e d ; fo r e x a m p le , the p rop ortion of w o rk ers r e c e iv in g a total o f 7 d ays d a y s, 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s , and so on. P r o p o r tio n s w e r e then cu m u lated . in clu d es th o se w ith 7 fu ll d ays and 13 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Spokane, Wash. , May 1963) PLAN T W ORKERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S V a c a tio n p o lic y All industries A ll w o r k e r s __________________________________________ 1 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries3 M anufacturing Public utilities 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 3 - 100 100 - 100 85 15 - 100 93 5 1 - 100 95 5 - 100 85 15 - 4 15 4 . _ 10 13 “ " 6 8 ~ M eth od o f paym en t W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rovid in g p aid v a c a tio n s L e n g t h -o f -t i m e p aym en t P e r c e n ta g e p aym en t F l a t -s u m p aym en t Othe r _ ...... .............. . W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r ovid in g no p aid v a c a tio n s . A m ou n t o f v a c a tio n p a y 4 A fte r 6 m on th s o f s e r v ic e U n d er 1 w eek 1 w ee k __________________________________________________ 2 w ee k s 19 - A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d er 1 1 w ee k 2 w ee k s 3 w ee k s w eek _________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ _ _____ ___ ____ _ _ _ 48 48 4 31 69 ■ 83 17 " 13 6 77 4 22 78 " 15 26 60 " 1 93 5 100 - (5) 87 13 “ _ _ 98 2 " 73 27 90 10 63 37 A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _________________________________________________ O v e r 1 and u nder 2 w ee k s 2 w ee k s ________________________________________________ 3 w ee k s ________________________________________________ - 56 ( 5) 44 - ~ A fte r 3 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek _________________________________________________ 2 w eek s ________________________________________________ O v e r 2 and tander 3 w ee k s _________________________ 3 w ee k s ____ .*__________________________________________ See footn otes at end of ta b le . C ) 95 1 4 . 2 98 - 4 96 - 100 - 14 Table B-5. Paid Vacationsl— Continued (Percent distribution of office and plant w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Spokane, W ash., May 1963) PLAN T W O RK ERS O F F IC E W O R K E R S V a c a tio n p o lic y A ll industries 1 M anufacturing Pu blic u tilities2 65 5 30 100 All industries 3 M anufacturing P u b lic utilities 2 A m ou nt of va c a tio n p a y 4 5 — C ontinued A fte r 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 2 w eeks ---------------------------------------- :------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w ee k s ------------------------------------3 w eeks _______________________________________________ 4 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 84 2 11 4 ~ - 99 1 ~ - 44 56 _ 100 100 “ “ A fte r 10 y e a r s of se r v ic e 2w eeks _______________________________________________ 3 w eeks -----------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 74 5 71 29 - 9 ~ - 54 37 21 20 80 " 82 18 ~ A fte r 12 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 2 w eeks _______________________________________________ 3 w eeks -----------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w eeks _______________________________________________ 49 41 21 56 44 34 14 59 41 66 86 - - - “ - ■ - " 3 97 87 5 95 100 2 13 81 5 - - 10 " " ■ ■ 12 13 37 44 5 3 55 42 74 15 ■ " " 13 29 52 5 3 27 43 28 12 39 47 5 32 63 1 74 5 9 15 72 A fte r 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 2w eeks -----------------------------------------------------------------------3 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w eeks _______________________________________________ - 12 - 1 _ A fte r 20 y e a r s of se r v ic e 3 w eeks _______________________________________________ 4 w eeks ____________________ ______ - __________________ O ver 4 w ee k s ------------------------------------------------------------ 51 37 1 12 5 87 8 _ 75 25 A fte r 25 y e a r s of se r v ic e 2w eeks ___________________________ ____________________ 3 w eeks _______________________________________________ 4 w eeks _______________________________________________ O ver 4 w ee k s ________________________________________ 12 20 61 8 2 _ 48 42 10 1 Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n c e, in su r a n ce , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . 2 T r a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s. 3 Includes data for w h o le sa le tra d e , r e ta il tra d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 In cludes p aym e n ts other than "le n g th of t i m e , " such as p erc en ta g e of annual ea rn in g s or f la t -s u m p a y m e n ts, converted to an equ ivalent tim e b a s is ; fo r e x a m p le , a p aym ent of 2 p e r c e n t of annual e a rn in g s w as c o n sid e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. P e r io d s of s e r v ic e w e r e a r b itr a r ily c h ose n and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the individual p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le , the changes in p ro p o rtio n s in dicated at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e include changes in p r o v isio n s o c c u r r in g betw een 5 and 10 y e a rs. E s tim a te s are c u m u lative. T h u s, the p ro p o r tio n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s ’ pay or m o re after 5 y e a r s in clu d es th ose who r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s ' pay or m o r e a fter few er y e a r s of s e r v ic e . 5 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. 15 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s e m p lo y e d in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g h ealth , in su r a n c e , or p en sion b e n e fit s , 12 Spokane, W a s h ., M ay 1963) P LA N T W O RK ERS OFFICE W O RK ERS T y p e of b en efit All industries 2 A ll w orkers .................. M anufacturing Public utilities 3 All industries45 6 M anufacturing Public utilities 3 100 100 100 90 96 100 57 50 59 84 85 74 77 91 59 42 64 17 63 91 23 53 54 29 11 12 - 28 15 100 100 100 88 94 100 48 44 52 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g : L if e in su r a n ce A c c id e n ta l death and d is m e m b e r m e n t in su r a n ce S ic k n e ss and ac cid en t in su r a n c e or sic k le a v e or both 5 S ick n ess and a ccid en t in su r a n c e ________ S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w aiting p erio d ) ____________________________ S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay or w aiting p erio d ) ____________________________ H o sp ita liz a tio n in su r a n ce _____________________ S u r g ic a l in su r a n c e _____________________________ M e d ic a l in su r a n c e ______________________________ C a ta str o p h e in su r a n c e _______________________ R e tire m e n t p en sio n N o h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , or p en sio n p lan ____ 1 3 8 3 29 67 95 43 79 94 56 67 95 43 56 95 43 79 74 94 64 94 56 72 25 71 44 10 75 75 81 74 62 78 59 2 4 ( 6 ) 3 i 1 In clud es th o se p lans fo r w hich at le a s t a part of the cost is b orn e by the e m p lo y e r , excepting on ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n ts such as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n sa tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e t ir e m e n t . 2 In clud es data fo r w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a t e ly . 3 T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s. 4 In clud es data fo r w h o le s a le t r a d e , r e ta il tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 5 U n d up licated to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e or s ic k n e ss and accid en t in su ra n ce shown s e p a r a te ly b elo w . S ick le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to th ose w hich d e fin ite ly esta b lish at le a st the m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' pay that can be expected by each e m p lo y e e . In fo r m a l s ic k le a v e allo w a n c es d ete r m in e d on an individual b a s is a r e ex clu d ed . 6 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Class A—Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine)—Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B—Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)—Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 17 18 C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G -C o n tin u e d payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. Class B—Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE Class A—In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. Class B —Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. Class C—Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. C LE RK , ORDER Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 19 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Class A-Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. Class B—Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 20 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERA TOR-Continued Class C—Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR Class A—Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B—Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive a-ccounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A~Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B—Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 21 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in goodrepair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 22 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, iayout, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 23 M AC H IN IST, M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d M ILLW RIG H T properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and- experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of. mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 24 P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d S H E E T -M E T A L W O RK ER, M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded. types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; g&ge maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. 25 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Ship ping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk 26 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1l/2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (iy2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
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