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Occupational Wage Survey

PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA
JAN UARY 1 9 6 3

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard W irtz, Secretary
B U R EA U O F LABO R S TA TIS TIC S
Ewan Clague, Commissioner




Occupational Wage Survey
PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA




JANUARY 1963

Bulletin No. 1345-40
May 1963

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard W irtz, Secretary
BUREA U O F LABOR S TA TIS TIC S
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U .S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C.

Price 25 cents




Preface

Contents
P age

The L a b o r M a rk et O cc u p a tio n a l W age S u rvey P r o g r a m
E ig h ty -tw o la b o r m a rk e ts c u r r e n tly are in clu d ed
in the B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c c u ­
p a tion a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m a jo r la b o r m a rk ets.
T h ese
stu d ies p r o v id e data on o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d
su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits .
In form a tion on rela ted su p p le ­
m e n ta ry b e n e fit s is ob ta in ed b ie n n ia lly in m o s t of the la b o r
m a rk e ts .
A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t w hich p r e s e n ts ea rn in g s
tr e n d s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l grou p s and a v era g e e a r n ­
in gs in s e le c t e d jo b s is r e le a s e d w ithin a m onth a fte r the
c o m p le t io n o f the study in ea ch a rea . T h is bu lletin p r o ­
v id e s a d d ition a l data not in clu d ed in the p r e lim in a r y r e p o rt.

In trodu ction __________________________________________________________________
W age tren d s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g rou p s __________________________
T a b le s :
1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e of s u r v e y ____________
2. P e r c e n t s of in c r e a s e in stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and
s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly ea rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d
o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p s , fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s ______________________
A;

A t w o -p a r t s u m m a r y bu lletin is is su e d a fte r the
c o m p le t io n o f a ll o f the a r e a bu lletin s fo r a round o f s u r ­
v e y s (fo r the c u r r e n t rou n d of s u r v e y s, the fir s t p a rt of
th is b u lle tin w ill be a v a ila b le late in 1963 and the se co n d
p a rt e a r ly in 1964).
The f ir s t pa rt p r e s e n ts in d iv id u al
la b o r m a rk e t data. The se c o n d p a rt p r e s e n ts data re la tin g
to a ll m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s in the United States.
T h is b u lle tin w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e ­
g ion a l o ffic e in New Y o rk , N .Y ., by A lvin G olu b, under
the d ir e c t io n of H a ro ld A. B a rletta . The study w as under
the g e n e r a l d ir e c t io n o f F r e d e r ic k W. M u e lle r, A s s is ta n t
R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r f o r W a ges and In du stria l R e la tio n s .




1
4

B;

3

O ccu p a tion a l e a r n in g s ;*
A - 1. O ffic e o c cu p a tio n s — en and w om en __________________
m
A -2 . P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s— en
m
and w om en ________________________________
A - 3. O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s —
m en and w om en co m b in e d _________________________________
A -4 . M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c cu p a tio n s _________________
A -5 . C u stod ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c cu p a tio n s ___________

10
11
13

E sta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s ;*
B - l . M inim um en tra n ce s a la r ie s f o r w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s _
_
B -2 . Shift d iffe r e n tia ls ____________________________________________
B -3 . S ch eduled w e e k ly h ou rs _____________________________________
B -4 . P a id h o l i d a y s _________________________________________________
B -5 . P a id v a c a tio n s ________________________________________________
B -6 . H ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n sio n plans ____________________

15
16
17
18
19
21

A pp en dix;

O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip tio n s _____________________________________

* N O TE ;
m a jo r a r e a s .

S im ila r ta bu la tion s a re a v a ila b le f o r oth er
(See in sid e b a ck c o v e r .)

C u rren t r e p o r t s on o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and su p p le ­
m e n ta ry w age p r a c t ic e s in the P ittsb u rg h a r e a a re a lso
a v a ila b le fo r the m a c h in e r y in d u str ie s (A p r il 1962) and
s t e e l fo u n d r ie s (N o v e m b e r 1962). Union s c a le s , in d ica tiv e
o f p r e v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a re a v a ila b le fo r the fo llo w in g
tr a d e s o r in d u s tr ie s ;
B uilding c o n s tr u c tio n ,
p rin tin g,
lo c a l-t r a n s it o p e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o to r tr u c k d r iv e r s '
and h e lp e r s .

in

3

5
9

23




Occupational Wage Survey—Pittsburgh, Pa.
Introduction
T h is a r e a is 1 o f 82 la b o r m a rk e ts in w hich the U .S . D e ­
p a rtm en t o f L a b or*s B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics con d u cts su rv e y s
o f o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and re la te d w age ben efits on an a rea w id e
b a s is .
In this a r e a , data w e re obtain ed by p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u ­
reau fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p re s e n ta tiv e e sta b lish m en ts w ithin s ix
b r o a d in d u str y d iv is io n s : M an ufacturin g; tra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a ­
tion , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h olesa le tra d e; r e ta il tra d e; fin a n ce,
in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te; and s e r v ic e s .
M a jor in d u stry grou p s
e x clu d e d fr o m th e se stu d ies a r e g ov ern m en t o p e ra tio n s and the c o n ­
str u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s .
E s ta b lish m en ts having fe w e r
than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o rk e r s are om itted b e c a u s e they
tend to fu rn is h in s u ffic ie n t em p loy m en t in the occu p a tion s stud ied to
w a rra n t in c lu s io n .
S ep arate tabu lation s a r e p r o v id e d fo r ea ch o f the
b r o a d in d u str y d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t pu b lica tion c r it e r ia .

sch e d u le s (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h alf hour) fo r w h ich stra ig h t-tim e
s a la r ie s a r e paid; a v e r a g e w eek ly ea rn in g s fo r th ese occu p a tion s have
b een rou n ded to the n e a r e s t h alf d o lla r .
D iffe r e n c e s in pay le v e ls fo r s e le c t e d occu p a tio n s in w hich
both m en and w om en a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d a r e la r g e ly due to
(1) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is trib u tio n o f the se x e s am ong in d u stries and
e s ta b lis h m e n ts; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ific duties p e r fo r m e d , although
the o ccu p a tio n s a re a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sam e su rv ey
jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in len gth o f s e r v ic e o r m e r it
r e v ie w w hen in d iv id u al s a la r ie s a re a d ju sted on this b a s is .
L on ger
a v e r a g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e su lt in h igh er a v e r a g e pay when
both s e x e s a r e e m p lo y e d w ithin the sa m e rate ra n g e.
Job d e s c r ip ­
tion s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese su rv e y s a r e u su ally m o r e
g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in div idu al e sta b lis h m e n ts to a llow fo r
m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e sta b lish m en ts in s p e c ific du ties p e r fo r m e d .

T h e se s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m ple b a s is b e c a u s e of
the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su rvey in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
To
ob ta in op tim u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t, a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n of
la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is studied.
In com b in in g the data,
h o w e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e given th eir a p p ro p ria te w eigh t.
E s­
tim a te s b a s e d on the e s ta b lis h m e n ts studied a r e p r e se n te d , t h e r e fo r e ,
as r e la tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in du stry grou p in g and a re a ,
e x c e p t f o r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e studied.

O ccu p a tion a l em p loy m en t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in all
esta b lis h m e n ts w ithin the s c o p e o f the study and not the num ber a c ­
tu a lly s u r v e y e d .
B eca u se o f d iffe r e n c e s in occu p a tio n a l stru ctu re
a m on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts, the e stim a te s o f o c cu p a tio n a l em p loym en t o b ­
tain ed fr o m , j sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts studied s e r v e only to in d i­
ca te the r e la tiv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s studied.
T h ese d iffe r e n c e s
in o c cu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the
ea rn in g s data.

O ccu p a tio n s and E a rn in g s
The o c c u p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty
o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u str ie s , and a r e o f the
fo llo w in g ty p e s :
(a) O ffic e c le r i c a l; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l;
(c) m a in ten a n ce and p ow erp la n t; and (d) cu s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e ­
m en t.
O cc u p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n is b a sed on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b
d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a ccou n t o f in te r e sta b lish m e n t v a r ia tio n
in du ties w ith in the sa m e jo b .
The o ccu p a tion s s e le c t e d fo r study
a r e lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d in the appendix.
E a rn in gs data fo r so m e o f
the o c cu p a tio n s lis t e d and d e s c r ib e d a r e not p re se n te d in the A - s e r i e s
ta b le s b e c a u s e e ith e r (1) e m p loy m en t in the o ccu p a tio n is too sm a ll
to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it p resen ta tion , or (2) th ere is p o s s i ­
b ilit y o f d is c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l esta b lish m en t data.

E sta b lish m en t P r a c t ic e s and S u pplem en tary W age P r o v is io n s
In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b les) on s e le c te d
esta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry b en efits as they re la te to
o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s .
The c o n c e p t " o ffi c e w o r k e r s , " as u sed
in this b u lletin , in clu d e s w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y
w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n ction s, and ex clu d es a d ­
m in is tr a t iv e , e x e cu tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l.
"P la n t w o r k e r s "
in clu d e w ork in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu din g
le a d m e n and tr a in e e s ) en gaged in n o n o ffic e fu n ctio n s.
A d m in istra tiv e ,
e x e cu tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and fo r c e -a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c ­
tion e m p lo y e e s who a re u tiliz e d as a sep a ra te w o rk fo r c e a r e e x ­
c lu d e d .
C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e e x clu d e d in m a n u fa c­
tu rin g in d u s tr ie s , but in clu d ed as plant w o r k e r s in n onm an ufacturin g
in d u s tr ie s .

O cc u p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and earn in g s data a r e show n fo r
f u ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ire d to w ork a r e g u la r w eek ly sch ed u le
in the g iv e n o c c u p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n .
E a rn in gs data e x clu d e p r e ­
m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and late
s h ifts . N o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u se s a r e e x clu d ed , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b on u ses
and in ce n tiv e e a r n in g s a r e in clu d ed .
W h ere w eek ly h ou rs a r e r e ­
p o r te d , as fo r o f f ic e c l e r i c a l o c cu p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w ork




M in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s (ta ble B - l ) r e la te on ly to the e s ­
ta b lish m en ts v is it e d .
T h ey a r e p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f esta b lish m en ts
w ith fo r m a l m in im u m en tra n ce s a la r y p o li c ie s .

1

2
Shift d iffe r e n tia l data (ta ble B -2 ) a r e lim ite d to m an u factu rin g
in d u s tr ie s .
This in fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b ­
lish m en t p o lic y , 1 p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f total plant w o r k e r e m p lo y ­
m ent, and (b) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f w o r k e r s a c ­
tu ally e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the s u r v e y .
In
e sta b lish m en ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount ap plyin g to a
m a jo r ity w as u sed o r , i f no am ount a p p lied to a m a jo r ity , the c l a s ­
s ific a tio n ‘ 'o th e r " w as u se d .
In e sta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich s o m e la te shift h ou rs a r e paid at n o rm a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n tia l w as r e c o r d e d
only i f it a p p lied to a m a jo r ity o f the sh ift h o u r s.
The sch ed u led h ou rs (ta b le B -3 ) o f a m a jo r it y o f the f i r s t shift w o r k e r s in an esta b lish m en t a r e tabu lated as ap plyin g to a ll o f
the plant o r o f fic e w o rk e r s o f that e sta b lis h m e n t.
P a id h olid a y s;
paid v a c a tio n s ; and health, in su r a n ce , and p e n sio n plans (ta b le s B -4
through B -6 ) a r e tr e a te d s ta t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th ese a r e
a p p lica b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o rk e r s
are e lig ib le o r m a y ev en tu a lly q u a lify fo r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d .
Sums
o f in d iv id u a l ite m s in ta b les B -2 th rough B -6 m a y not equ al totals
b e ca u se o f roun din g.
Data on paid h olid a ys (ta ble 'B -4 ) a r e lim ite d to data on
h olid a ys gra n ted annually on a fo r m a l b a s is ; i . e . , (1) a r e p r o v id e d
fo r in w ritten fo r m , o r (2) have been e sta b lis h e d by c u s to m .
H o li­
days o r d in a r ily g ra n ted a re in clu d ed even though they m a y fa ll on a
nonw orkday, even i f the w o rk e r is not g ra n ted an oth er day o ff.
The
fir s t p a rt o f the paid h olid a ys table p r e se n ts the n um ber o f w hole
and h a lf h olid a ys a ctu a lly g ra n ted.
The s e c o n d pa rt c o m b in e s w hole
and h a lf h olid a ys to show total h olid a y t im e .
The su m m a ry o f v a ca tio n plans (ta ble B -5 ) is lim ite d to
fo r m a l p o lic ie s , exclu d in g in fo r m a l a rra n g e m e n ts w h ereb y tim e o ff
with pay is g ra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r .
S ep arate e s ­
tim a tes a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c tic e in com pu tin g
v a ca tio n pa ym en ts, su ch as tim e pa ym en ts, p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n ­
in gs, o r fla t-s u m a m ou n ts. H ow ev er, in the tabu lation s o f v a ca tion
pay, paym en ts not on a tim e b a s is w e re c o n v e r te d to a tim e b a s is ;
fo r e x a m p le, a paym en t o f 2 p e r ce n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n ­
s id e r e d as the equ ivalent o f 1 w e e k 's pay.

Data a re p resen ted fo r a ll health, In su ra n ce , and p e n sio n
plans (ta ble B -6 ) fo r w hich at le a s t a p a rt o f the c o s t is b o r n e by
the e m p lo y e r , ex cep tin g on ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n 's
co m p e n sa tio n , s o c ia l se c u rity , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t.
Such plans
in clu d e those u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n ce co m p a n y and
th ose p ro v id e d through a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r
out o f cu r re n t op era tin g funds o r fr o m a fund se t a s id e fo r this p u r ­
pose.
Death ben efits a re in clu d e d as a fo r m o f life in s u r a n c e .
S ick n ess and a ccid e n t in s u r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f i n ­
su ra n ce under w hich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a ym en ts a r e m a de d ir e c t ly
to the in su re d on a w eek ly o r m on th ly b a s is du ring illn e s s o r a c ­
cid en t d is a b ility .
In form a tion is p r e s e n te d fo r a ll su ch plans to
w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s .
H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o rk and New
J e r s e y , w hich have en acted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w h ich
r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,2 plans a r e in clu d e d on ly i f the e m ­
p lo y e r (1) c on trib u tes m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s
the e m p lo y e e with b en efits w hich e x c e e d the r e q u ir e m e n ts o f the law .
T ab u lation s o f paid s ic k -le a v e plan s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l p la n s 3
w h ich p ro v id e fu ll pay o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's pay d u rin g
a b se n ce fr o m w ork b e ca u se o f illn e s s .
S ep arate ta b u la tion s a r e p r e ­
sen ted a c c o r d in g to (1) plans w hich p r o v id e fu ll pay and no w aitin g
p e r io d , and (2) plans w hich p r o v id e e ith e r p a r tia l pay o r a w aitin g
p e r io d . In addition to the p r e se n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s
who a r e p ro v id e d s ick n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r paid s ic k le a v e ,
an u ndu plicated total is show n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both
types o f b e n e fits.
C a ta stroph e in su ra n ce , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to as ex ten ded
m e d ic a l in su ra n ce , in clu d es th ose plans w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o te c t
e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f sick n e s s and in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s bey on d
the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e o f h o sp ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s.
M e d ica l in su ra n ce r e fe r s to plans p r o v id in g fo r c o m p le t e o r p a rtia l
paym ent o f d o c to r s ' fe e s .
Such plans m a y be u n d e rw ritte n by c o m ­
m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com p a n ies o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r th ey m a y
be s e lf-in s u r e d .
T abu lations o f r e tir e m e n t p e n sio n plans a r e lim ite d
to th ose plans that p ro v id e m on th ly pa ym en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f
the w o r k e r 's life .

2 The te m p o ra ry d is a b ility la w s in C a lifo r n ia and Rhode Islan d
A n esta b lish m en t was c o n s id e r e d as having a p o lic y i f it m et not r e q u ire e m p lo y e r c o n trib u tio n s .
do
eith er o f the fo llo w in g con d ition s: ( l ) O p era ted la te sh ifts at the tim e
3 An esta b lish m en t w as c o n s id e r e d as h aving a fo r m a l plan i f
of the su rv e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts.
An
it e sta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b er o f da ys o f s ic k le a v e
esta b lish m en t was c o n s id e r e d as having fo r m a l p r o v is io n s i f it ( l ) had
that co u ld be e x p ected by ea ch e m p lo y e e .
Such a plan n eed not be
o p era ted late sh ifts during the 12 m onths p r io r to the su r v e y , or
w ritten , but in fo rm a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d i­
(2) had p r o v is io n s in w ritten fo r m fo r op era tin g late sh ifts.
v idu al b a s is , w ere ex clu d ed .
1




3

T a b le 1.

E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s within s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m ber studied in P ittsb u rg h , P a ., 1 by m a jo r in d u s try d iv is io n , 2 January 1963
M inim um
em ploym ent
in e s t a b lis h ­
m ents in s c o p e
o f study

In du stry d iv is io n

A l l d iv is io n s ___________________________________________________

M an u factu rin g _________________________________________________
N on m an u factu rin g ________________________________________J____
T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other
p u b lic u t i l i t i e s 5 __________________________________________
W h o le s a le tra d e ___________________________________________
R e ta il tra d e ________________________________________________
F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ___________________
S e r v ic e s 7 ___________________________________________________

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts

N um ber o f e sta b lish m e n ts

W ithin s c o p e o f study

W ithin
scop e of
study 3

802

100

100
50
100
50
50

Studied

Studied

_

T otal 4

O ffic e

Plant

T o t a l4

208

3 6 4 ,7 0 0

5 5 ,3 0 0

2 4 7 ,2 0 0

2 2 2 ,3 7 0

324
478

76
132

2 3 2 ,2 0 0
132, 500

2 5 ,3 0 0
3 0 ,0 0 0

173, 400
73, 800

1 37 ,700
84, 670

53
140
71
84
130

25
31
26
23
27

4 0 ,8 0 0
16, 400
3 9 ,3 0 0
16, 800
19,2 0 0

6,
5,
3,
11,

800
100
800
000
( 8)

23, 100
7, 200
3 1 ,3 0 0
6 1, 200
( 8)

34, 420
5, 220
2 6 ,9 3 0
10, 280
7, 820

1 The P itts b u r g h Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A lle g h e n y , B e a v e r , W ashington, and W e s tm o r e la n d C o u n tie s.
The " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f stu dy" e s tim a te s shown in
this table p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u rv e y .
The e s tim a te s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f
c o m p a r is o n w ith oth er em p lo y m e n t in d e x e s fo r the a r e a to m e a s u re e m p lo y m e n t tren ds o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e s ta b lis h m e n t data co m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly
in ad va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu died, and (2) s m a ll esta b lish m en ts a r e ex clu d e d f r o m the s c o p e o f the s u rv e y .
2 The 1957 r e v is e d e d itio n o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by
in d u s try d iv is io n .
3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total e m p loym en t at or a b ove the m in im u m lim ita tio n .
A ll ou tlets (w ithin the a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s tr ie s as tr a d e , fin a n ce, auto r e p a ir
s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu re th e a te r s a re c o n s id e r e d as 1 establish m en t.
4 In clu d es e x e c u tiv e , p r o f e s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s exclu ded fr o m the se p a ra te o f fic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s .
5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w ater tra n sp o rta tio n w e re ex clu d e d .
6 E s tim a te r e la te s to r e a l e sta te e sta b lish m e n ts only.
W o r k e r s fr o m the e n tire in d u stry d iv is io n a r e r e p r e s e n te d in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but fr o m the r e a l estate p o r tio n only in " a ll
in d u s tr y " e s t im a t e s in the S e r ie s B ta b le s .
7 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u tom obile r e p a ir sh op s; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ; and e n g in eerin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .
8 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s , and f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B ta b le s . Sepa ra te p r e s e n ­
ta tion of data f o r this d iv is io n is not m ade fo r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo ym e n t in the d iv is io n is to o
s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it se p a ra te
study, (2) the
sam ple
w as not d e s ig n e d in it ia lly to p e r m it se p a ra te p re se n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it se p a ra te p re s e n ta tio n , and
(4) th ere is p o s s ib ilit y
o f d is c lo s u r e
o f individual
esta b lis h m e n t data.




T able 2. P e r c e n t s o f i n c r e a s e in standard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s tr a ig h t-tim e
h o u rly ea rn in gs fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s in P ittsb u rg h , P a .,
fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s

Industry and o cc u p a tio n a l grou p

January 1962
to
January 1963

January 1961
to
January 1962

D e c e m b e r 1959
to
January 1961

A ll in d u s trie s :
O ffic e c le r i c a l (m en and w om en ) __________
In du strial n u rse s (m en and w om en ) _______
S killed m aintenance (m en) --------------------------U n skilled plant (m en) _______________________

1.4
2.4
.7
2.3

2.9
3.4
2.9
3.3

4.4
2.5
4.2
3.1

M anufacturing:
O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m en and w om en ) __________
In du strial n u rse s (m en and w om en ) _______
S killed m aintenance (m en ) _________________
U nskilled plant (m en) _______________________

1.8
2.4
.5
3.4

3.1
3.9
3.0
3.6

5.6
2.0
3.8
4.0

4

Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups
P r e s e n t e d in table 2 a r e p e r c e n t a g e s of change in a v e r a g e
s a la r ie s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u str ia l n u r s e s , and in a v ­
e r a g e earn in g s o f s e l e c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s .
F o r o f f ic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u str ia l n u r s e s , the p e r ­
centages of change relate to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r n o r m a l h ou r s
of w o r k , that is , the standard w o r k sc h ed u le f o r w hich s t r a ig h t - t im e
s a la r ie s are paid.
F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , they m e a s u r e changes
in a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea r n in g s , e x clu d in g p r e m i u m pay f o r
o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w eek en ds , h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts. The
p e r c e n t a g e s a r e ba sed on data f o r s e l e c t e d k ey oc c u p a t io n s and i n ­
clude m o s t of the n u m e r i c a l l y im p orta n t j o b s within e a c h g rou p. The
o f f i c e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in the f o llo w in g 19 j o b s :
B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B; c l e r k s , a c c ou n tin g , c la s s A
and B; c l e r k s , file , c la s s A, B, and C; c l e r k s , o r d e r ; c l e r k s , p a y r o l l ;
C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; keypunch o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A and B; o f f ic e
b oy s and g i r l s ; s e c r e t a r i e s ; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; s t e n o g r a p h e r s ,
s e n io r ; s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ; ta b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B;
and ty p is ts , c l a s s A and B. The in d u str ia l n u r se data are b a s e d on
m en and w o m e n in d u str ia l n u r s e s .
Men in the f o llo w in g 8 sk illed
m ain ten an ce jo b s and 2 u n s k illed jo b s a r e in clu ded in the plant
w o r k e r data: S k illed — c a r p e n t e r s ; e l e c t r i c i a n s ; m a c h in is t s ; m e c h a n i c s ;
m e c h a n i c s , a u tom otiv e; p a in t e r s ; p i p e fi t t e r s ; and tool and die m a k e r s ;
u n sk illed— ja n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; and l a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l
handling.
A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s or a v e r a g e h o u r ly earn in g s w e r e
c om pu ted f o r e a c h of the s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s . The a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s
or h o u r ly ea r n in g s w e r e then m u lt ip lie d by e m p lo y m e n t in each of




the jo b s during the p e r i o d s u r v e y e d in 1961. T h e s e w eig hted earn ings
f o r individual occu p ation s w e r e then to t a le d to obtain an a g g r e g a te
f o r ea c h occu pation al group. F in a lly , the r a tio ( e x p r e s s e d as a p e r ­
centage) of the grou p a g g reg a te f o r the one y e a r to the a g g r e g a te f o r
the oth e r y e a r was com pu ted and the d i f f e r e n c e betw een the r e s u lt and
100 is the p e r ce n ta g e of change f r o m the on e p e r i o d to the oth er.
The p e r c e n t a g e s of change m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e f f e c t s
of (1) g en er a l s a la r y and wage c h a n g e s; (2) m e r i t or other i n c r e a s e s
in pay r e c e i v e d b y individual w o r k e r s w hile in the sa m e jo b ; and
(3) changes in av er a g e w ag es due to ch a n g es in the la b o r f o r c e r e ­
sulting f r o m la bor tu rn ov er, f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c ti o n s , and
changes in the p r o p o r t io n s of w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d by e s t a b lis h m e n t s
with differen t pay le v e ls . Changes in the la b o r f o r c e can c au se i n ­
c r e a s e s or d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s without actu al w age
changes.
F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e e x p a n s io n m ig h t i n c r e a s e the p r o ­
p o r t io n of lo w er paid w o r k e r s in a s p e c i f i c o c c u p a t io n and lo w e r the
a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a reduction in the p r o p o r t i o n of lo w e r paid w o r k e r s
w ould have the opposite e ffect.
Sim ilarly,
the m o v e m e n t of a
h ig h -p a y in g e stab lis h m en t out of an a r e a c o u ld cau se the a v e r a g e
e arn in g s to drop, even though no change in r a t e s o c c u r r e d in other
estab lis h m en ts in the area.
The use of constant e m p lo y m e n t w eig h ts e lim in a t e s the e f ­
f e c t of changes in the p r o p o r t io n of w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea c h
j o b in clu ded in the data. The p e r c e n t a g e s of change a r e not in flu en c ed
by changes in standard w o r k s c h e d u le s or in p r e m i u m pay f o r o v e r ­
tim e, sin c e they are b a se d on pa y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h ou r s.

Wage in d ex es f o r s e l e c t e d g rou ps of w o r k e r s b a s e d on data f r o m the
la b o r m a r k e t s u r v e y s w e r e com p u ted f o r 20 a r e a s between 1953 and I960.
In
1961, the la b o r m a r k e t oc cu p a t io n a l w age p r o g r a m w as expanded to in clu de
80 Standard M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tistic a l A r e a s w hich w ill be su r v e y e d annually. Th is
e x p a n sio n m a de data a v a ilab le f o r the com pu ta tion of wage in dexes f o r s e l e c t e d
j o b g rou p in g s in ea c h of the 80 a r e a s .
The above text r e p r e s e n t s the m e t h o d
u sed in c om pu tin g these new w age change in dex es. The new s e r i e s w as initiated
la st y ea r and the data a r e not c o m p a r a b le with tren ds published p r i o r to that tim e.
The new s e r i e s c o v e r s the sa m e jo b g roupin gs as the e a r l i e r s e r i e s
with the f o llo w in g e x c e p t io n s : The c l e r i c a l and in d u stria l n urse g rou ps, f o r m e r l y
r e s t r i c t e d to w o m e n , now in clude both m e n and w om en . Changes w e r e a l s o m a d e
in the j o b s in clu d ed within j o b g rou p in gs in o r d e r that an iden tica l list c ou ld be
e m p lo y e d in all a r e a s .

5

A: Occupational Earnings
Table A-l.

Office Occupations—Men and Women

(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area b a sis
by industry d ivision , Pittsburgh, P a,, January 1963)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STIIAIGHT-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

A verage
S ex,

o c c u p a tio n ,

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

Weekly
hours 1
(Standard)

t
S
S
t
Weekly
4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0
earnings *
and
(Standard) u n d e r
4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0

t
S
S
$
S
S
S
*
s
i
$
s
t
s
S
t
l
$
s
%
6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0
9 500 10000 10500 11000 11500 12000 12500 13000 13500 14000 14500 15000 15500
and
6 5 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

7 5 .0 0

8 0 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

9 0 .0 0

9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 5 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 5 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 3 5 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 1 4 5 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 1 5 5 0 0

over

M en
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2
W h o le s a le tra d e
F in a n c e 3 . _ _

753
498
255

$ 1 2 1 .5 0
1 2 8 .0 0

_

_

_

_

4 0 .0

-

-

-

-

-

-

8
-

3 9 .0
3 9 .0
4 0 .0

1 0 9 .0 0
1 2 6 .0 0
1 0 5 .5 0

-

-

-

-

-

-

8
_

-

-

-

-

1
1

4
3
1

_

7
5
2

3 9 .5

_

_

20
8
12
-

21

5

8

9
3

3

6

9

10

21

12

8
13
2

5
7

25
6

20
7
13

16
16
-

21
11

13
8
-

__________________________
__________________________

59
89
67

3 7 .0

9 7 .0 0

-

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B _________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 __________________________

458
258
200
121

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5

1 0 5 .5 0
1 0 7 .5 0
1 0 2 .5 0
1 1 4 .5 0

_

-

-

-

-

“

14
6
8
2

-

19
2

C le r k s ,

219
156
63
62

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

1 1 3 .0 0
1 1 9 .5 0

.

_

_

_

-

-

6
-

14

-

4
4

4

-

2
-

-

4 0 .0

9 7 .0 0

-

-

-

-

2

-

10
4

9 7 .0 0

-

-

-

-

2

-

6
6

4

4 0 .0

4

346

4 0 .0

.

_

_

_

M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
P u b lic n ti liti pq ^

279
67

4 0 .0

1 1 4 .5 0
1 1 6 .5 0

-

-

-

3
-

1 0 7 .5 0
1 2 4 .5 0

-

1
-

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

2
2
-

1

3

4
4
-

O f f i c e b o y s ___________________________________________
M a n n fa r h ii* in g
N n n m a n n fa r h i r in g
"P iiH lin 11H l-iti
^

336
113
223

3 9 .0
4 0 .0

6 3 .5 0
5 9 3 fi

40

53
7

3 8 .5
3 9 .0

6 0 .5 0
8 0 .0 0

40

3 7 .5

5 5 .0 0

23

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0

1 1 7 .0 0 .
1 2 0 .5 0
1 0 9 .0 0
1 1 6 .5 0

-

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .5

1 0 1 .0 0
1 0 9 .5 0
9 2 .5 0
1 0 5 50

-

ord er

....

M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
W h o le s a le tra d e
C le r k s ,

p a y r o ll

__________________________

.

__

_

_

F in a r ir e 3
T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s A ______________________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
TPnH lir1 u t i l i f i p o ^
T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s B ______________________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________
P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2
F in a n r e 3
T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s C ______________________________________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g _
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g
_ _ .

27

46
86

209
147
62
30

280

----- I T 4 ~
136
45
64

3 9 .0
3 8 .5

-

-

15
7

49
15

42
24

43
6

46

8

34
9

37
4

15

4

16

18
6
6

9
6
3
1

20

-

-

-

-

-

34

12
-

26
-

8

16

17
7

71
22

21
7

39
10

10
_

49
1
15
17

14
2
11
1

29
16
11
2

39
13
26
12

63
45
18
18

60
42

14

41
29
12

W h o le s a le tra d e

__________________________

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le,




101
87

83
73

77
67

32
27

28
23

27
23

35
30

22

14
1

10
2
1
2

10
10
_

5
1
2

5
1
2

4
2
1

5
4
_

-

-

2

-

-

7
6
1

_

_

.

_

-

-

-

-

-

“

-

3
3
-

6
6
-

4

4

4
-

4
-

-

-

-

5
5
-

7

l

7
5
2
2

4
5
3

15
7
-

1

37
27
10

41
31
10
10

57
19
38
38

13
8
5
4

29
29
-

18
9

42
42
-

13
11
2

3
3
-

-

9

-

2

-

47
47
-

43
40

21

12

15

3
3

6
2

10
2
2

17
13
4
4

16
1

“

-

10
4

2
-

8
-

12
2

12
6

19
14

2
2

8

5

8

10
10

6

4

5

5

11
5

17
12

16
10

9
3

24
22

27
15

48
41

6

5

6

6

2

39
35
4
2

12
7

7
7

23
13
10
8

22
14

13
11
2

15
14
1
1

18
18

9
5
5

10

24
20
4

16
15
1

2

-

11

9
9

11

14
9

8

-

-

1
_

3
_

4
_

1

-

3

4

20
6
14
4

4
-

15
-

9
-

13
4

18
2

4

4

15

9

9

4

8 3 .0 0

4
-

4

15

9

4

16
4
4

14

11
2

19
7
12

5

7
_

11
_

111

3 9 .0

8 2 .5 0

.

51
60

4 0 .0

9 3 .5 0
7 3 .5 0

-

1
-

2
-

3
-

13
-

10
_

3 8 .0

-

1

2

3

13

10

13
1

127

3 9 .5

7 6 .0 0

.

.

5

5

32

21

10

5

90
51

3 9 .0
3 8 .0

7 3 .5 0
6 8 .5 0

-

-

-

5
4

32
24

16
8

10
7

5
2

9

5
_

15
1

9

4

1

3
2
1

l

6
1

10
3
7
7

9
2
7

9
3
6
3

64

20

58
6
1

8
12
6

30
12

30
20

77

17
2

18
3
7

10
4

7
4
3

1
1

_

19
11
6

5

1

5

1

9

5

59
18
14
3

15
14

24
24

_

1

-

"

-

1

1
_

5

_

W om en

B il le r s , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e )
______
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________

79
57

2

-

19
7

5

8
8

5
5
-

17

8
7
1
1

_
_

3
3
-

5
5
-

1
1
-

11
11
_

_

-

-

-

-

2
2
-

_
_

_
-

6
Table A-l.

Office Occupations—Men and W om en— Continued

(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , P it t s b u r g h , P a ., J a n u a ry 1963)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Weekly
earnings *
(Standard)

40.00 45.00 *50.00 *55.00 f>0.00 *65.1', *70.00 *75.00 80.00 *85.00 *90.00 *95.00 *00.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130l *35.00 140.00 145.00 150.00
00
and
under
45.00

W om en— Continued
B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping
m achine) _______________ _____________
Nonmanufacturing _ ______________ _
R etail trade -------------------------- ------

176
145
113

40.0
40.0
40.0

Bookkeeping-m ach ine op e ra to rs,
c la s s A ___ ___________________________
M anufacturing _______________________

125
76

39.0
39.5

783
165

66.00

$68.50
6
67.50 —
64.50
6

12
12
12

13
7
3

10

14

7
7

8

70
70

4

66

79.00
70.50

-

-

19
19

-

23
23

5
5

67.50
74.50

-

8

59
5
54
44

90
25
65

211

160

8
2
2

2

16

55

159

_
-

2

7
7
5

4
4
-

23
23

23
23
3
7

102

57
15
42

149
57
92

Bookkeeping-m ach ine op e ra to rs,
c la s s B _ ____
__ __ __ — ------- _
M anufacturing ________ ___________ _
N onm anufacturing _ ____ ________ _
W holesale trade ___ _____________
F in a n ce 3 __________ _____________

72
456

38.0
39.5
37.5
38.0
37.0

C lerks, accounting, c la s s A ___________
M anufacturing _______________________
Nonmanufacturing ___________________
W holesale trade __________________
Retail trade _ ____ _____________

316
113
203
57
73

39.0
40.0
38.5
38.5
39.0

94.50
110.50
85.50

C lerks, accounting, cla s s B ___________
M anufacturing _____________________ _
N onm anufacturing _ ____ __________
P u blic u t ilit ie s 2 __ ________ ___
W holesale trade
________ ____ _
R etail trade _ „ ________ _______
F in a n ce 3 _________________ _______

1,082
408
674
48
131
276
128

39.5
39.5
39.0
40.0
39.5
39.0
38.0

77.50
87.50
71.00
98.50
80.50
69.00
61.50

C lerks, file , cla ss A __________ ____ _
M anufacturing _______________________
Nonmanufacturing _ __ _____________

140
75
65

39.0
40.0
38.5

84.50
89.50
79.00

C lerks, file, cla ss B _______ __________
M anufacturing ____ ______________ _
Nonmanufacturing ___ __ ________ _
W holesale trade
________ __ ____

457
123
334
53
168

39.0
40.0
38.5
40.0
37.5

61.00

67.50
60.50

C lerks, file, cla s s C ___________________
N onm anufacturing _ ___________ ____

264
214

39.5
39.5

59.50
57.00

C lerks, ord er __________________________
M anufacturing „ ____ ____ ____ _
N onm anufacturing ___________________
Retail trade ______________________

354
135
219
133

39.5
39.5
39.5
39.5

79.50
90.50
72.50
68.50

C lerks, payroll _________________________
M anufacturing
------------------------------Nonm anufacturing ___________________
Pu blic u t ilit ie s 2 _________________
W holesale trade __________________
R etail trade ___ ___________ __ _

6 01

39.0
39.5
39.0
39.0
39.5
39.5

85.00
90.50
78.50
97.50

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le.




618

319
282
38
54
101

72.00
65.00

8 6 .0 0

87.00

65.50
77.00

_
-

_

_
-

-

2

3
99
28
49

_

_

_

“

-

-

5
5
_

33
33

29
29

_
-

6

6

90.00

_

77.00

6

15
196

20

140
14
99

6

7

_
-

10

7

-

1
1

-

11

9
4

20

60
31
29
4
24

65
33
32

30

8

12
6

9
9
9

23

14

2
21
6
10

1

8

13
3

48
27
4

61
26
35

100

12
12
12

14
14

14
2

71
9
62

14
44 t

2

2

167
15
152
4

5
27

19
31
14

104
29

77
28
49
7
30
7

17
17

6

68

44

8

12

2

5

23

1

29

56

2

2

1

10

5

-

53
38
15
3

31
26
5

42
33
9

54
48

26
12

12
6
6

2

6

6
2

25
18
7

3

3

4

7
5
-

2

8

5
-

19
14
5

12
8

5
3

5
3

_

_

2

2
1
1

4
3

4

1

2

-

-

— 5~

-

-

-

-

-

-

31
31
“

1

1
1

10

4

-

9

2
2

1
1

-

1
1

2
2

20

21
12

13

27
9
18

27
19

19

14

6

10

8
6

4
3

12
2
2

4

9
7

26

6

12

5
7
-

5
5
-

14

4

41
18
23
9

33

8

12

2
2

7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

12
2
10

24
19
5

13

11
11

2
2

-

-

9
9
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

-

"

-

-

-

-

5
3

7
3
4

1

_
-

-

1

1

.
-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

_

-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

6

_

_

3

_

_

-

-

-

-

6
6

2

11
2

4

26

32
31
23

12
6

8
2
6
6

7

7
4
3
“

4
4
-

127
14
113
108

30
5
25
11

1

56
14
42
-

34
34
-

8

34
16
18
_

34
9
25
-

96
51
45
4

21
10
11

46
28
18

66

8

1
2

12

8

-

11

16

17

6

5

8

9

10

67
49

-

11

17
4

9
9
-

34

-

21

19
14
5

34
34

2

25
18
7
5

1
8

35
35

-

50
4
46
13
15

9

26
26

8

2
1

-

10
10

25
23

3

8
1

6

23
15

5
-

9

6

56
15
41
4

2

11
10
1

3
1

7

92
4

2

12

1
11
11

60
60
4
42

23
45

-

15

33
67
4
33
19

18

88
10

6
6

89
42
47
4
26
5
-

5
5

12
6

2
2

21

8

3

14

5
-

1

2
2

-

1

-

-

2

1

2

1

-

1

7
3

6

2
2

12

29
20

9

2
2

35
31
9
4

26
18
8
2

5

11

3
3
8

25
7
5

49
42
7
1
1

5

13
7
3
4

9
7
1
1

12
1
1

-

19
19
-

3
3
1
2

2
1

1

7
Table A-l.

Office Occupations—Men and W om en-----Continued

(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , P itts b u r g h , P a ., J a n u a ry 1963)
A verage

Sex, occupation, and industry div isio n

N ber
um

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

S
S
Weekly
W
eekly ^ 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 10 . 0 0 *65.00 *70.00 75.00 80.00 *85.00 * 0 . 0 0 *95.00 io a o o 105.00 i iaoo *15.00 * 2 aoo *25.00 * 3 aoo 135.00 ?4aoo 145.00 150.00 isaoo
9
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) under
45.00 50.00 55.00 6 0 . 0 0 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 ioaoo io a o o n a o o n a o o i 2 aoo 125l i 3 aoo 135l i4aoo 145.00 isaoo 155.00 over
00
00

W om en— Continued
C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs ________________
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing ___________________
W holesale trade __________________
R etail trade

381
93
288
73
162

39.0
39.0
39.5
39.5
39.5

$78.00
86.50
75.00
73.50
75.00

6

6

3
3
3

D u plicatin g-m a ch in e op era to rs
(M im eograph or Ditto) ________________
M anufacturing ________________________

70
61

40.0
40.0

72.50
74.00

-

"

342
165
177
94

39.5
40.0
38.5
3Q 0

Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s B __________
M anufacturing
__
_
Nonmannfa rtnring
Pnblir nH liti pc ^
'W i nl e* sa 1 traHp
'V
Fir>a nr p ^

745
32 2
423
79
151
136

39.5
40.0
39.0
39.0
39.5
38.5

74.00
84.00
66.50
76.00
62.50
63.50

O ffice g ir ls
Mann fa r tn ri ng
Nonm anufacturing

242
113
129

39.5
40.0
39.0

61.50
67.00
57.00

S e c r e ta r ie s
M anufacturing
__
N onm anufacturing ___________________
P ublic u t ilit ie s 2 __________________
W holesale trade __________________
R etail trade _______________________
Finance 3 __________________________

3, 085
1, 558
1, 527
247
345
109
524

39.5
40.0
39.0
39.5
39.0
40.5
37.5

99.00
106.00

S tenograp hers, gen era l ________________
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing ___________________
"PiiKl-ir u tilities ^
W holesale trade __________________
R etail trade _______________________
Finarir^ ^

2, 507
1, 355
1, 152
312
215
83
350

39.0
40.0
38.5
39.0
39! o
39.0
37.0

S tenograp hers, sen ior __________________
M anufacturing
_
Nonm anufacturing
Public u tilities 2 __________________
W holesale trade __________________

644
329
315

39.5
40.0
39.5
38.5
40.0

91.0 0

91.50
90.00
97.50
94.50

-

-

Sw itchboard op era tors _______________ ___
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing ___________________
FnVilir
Retail traHp
Finanrp^

512
139
373
77

39.0
39.5
39.0
39.5
40.0
37.0

78.00

4
4

3
3

4

3

Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s A __________
Nonm anufacturing ___________________

S ee fo ,tn o te s at end o f ta b le .




88
112

66

81

86.50

6

-

15
15
3
10

1

-

16
16
2
2

39
11

28
14
3

107.00
92.50
82.00
89.0 0

8

11

22
21
12
8

15
3

11
8

12

3

.
-

1
2

3
3

-

2

3
3

_
-

-

-

-

2

5
3

8

1

-

2

3

-

2

3

-

-

-

-

80
55
25
16
3
_

no
78
32
17

34
26

12

11
10
1
1

5

8

10
1

6

4

_
_
-

30
17
13
9

32
11
21

3

25

12

21

5
5

3
3

5
5

4
4

-

7
7

23

28
14
14

31
26
5
4

41
18
23
13

30
23
7
4

68

50
18
32
16

10
6

3
3

62
50

24

111

20

107
4

3
3

1
1

4
3

3
3

12
10
2

1

1
2

9
9

8
8

4

248
60
188
23
44

352
151

276
169
107
19
36

328
239
89
23

180
104
76
13

247
213
34

163
125
38

11

16

-

3

4
4

2

2
2

_

_

15

27

16
2

8

-

15

27
L
Q

14
2

15
4

-

16
16

57
7
50

65
25
40

85
9
76
16

48
24
24

33
17

2
20
12

77
7
70
13

2

132
36
96
7
50
37

12

22

4

61
30
31
15
3

27

14

6

9

66

25

7

30
36

20 —

r
1

2
1
1

2

223
65
158

238
72
166

6

8

39
9
61

59
25
62

295
105
190
46
54
9
67

276
109
167
38
39
27
60

198
114
84
31
24

198
131
67
42
5

1

2
11

42
15
27
16

74
27
47
5

80
55
25

116
54

10

10

-

18
14

52
17
35

44
19
25
5

58
33
25

8

14
30
5
25

36

51
30

36

21

17

22

-

_
-

-

-

17
_

_

-

32

_
_
7

89
33
56

230
83
147

60

9
51
_
5
17

12

4

36

23
79
_
8

304
106
198
35
42

6

6

20

25

70

57

3
3

21
10
11

1

1

-

-

7
5

1

1

2

-

-

5
5

26

1

-

6

1

2

_
-

2

9

48

2

5

102

7

46

_
-

-

22

5

23
4
19

10

_

111
12

99
9
19
9
49

12

-

-

2

48
9
39

110

26

3
107

49
7
42

12
1

4
5

29
24

12

10
1

14

12

1

4

8

-

9 0.0 0

64.00
73!50

9
7

-

-

88.00

17

13
_

_

82.00

74.00

43

10

-

89.0 0

73.50
85.00
73.00
73.00
70.00

23

2

47
14
33

16

9

92.0 0

49

2
2

9 1.0 0

82.00

71
71
14
55

2

26

50
18
17

6
2

21

58

62

201
21

54
14
57

295
149
146
31
37

8
8

3
9
9
_
_
-

_
-

-

-

5
3
_
_

8

2

2

5

10
1

9

2

6
2

13

2

2

46

32

40

37

7

2
6

223
190
33
30

127
99
28
27

18

52
51

37
36

8
8

6
6

_

-

-

1

_

_

-

3
3
-

-

1

-

-

-

9

177
133
44
34

7

2

3

1
1

1

1

_

_

_

_

_

-

158
127
31

13
65
37
28
7

47
26
21

12

14
5

10

31
5
26
24

37
7
30
25

8

2

3

10
8
8

-

_

_

1

_
_

_

_

1

1

_

41
37
4
4
"

89
25
64
13
51

22

21

15

13
7

1

16

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

6

-

-

-

-

-

5

1
1

-

5

6
6

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

35
29

6
6

2
2

2
2

_
-

_
-

_
-

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

x

6
2

-

8
Table A-l.

Office Occupations—Men and Women-----Continued

(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Pittsburgh, P a ., January 1963)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

A verage
N
Sex,

o c c u p a t io n ,

of

an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n

b

S
$
4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0
and
(Standard) u n d e r
4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0

i

Weekly

Weekly,
hours 1
(Standard)

$

s
S
S
$
8
s
s
S
S
s
$
s
$
S
s
S
S
s
s
5 0 . 0 0 * 5 5 .0 0 6 0 . 0 0 * 6 5 .0 0 7 0 . 0 0 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0
9 5 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 0 0
and

5 5 .0 0

6 0 .0 0

6 5 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

7 5 .0 0

8 0 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

12
12

25

39
17
22

51
20
31

28
10

54

15

18
6

28

16

30
10
20
13

9 0 .0 0

9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 0 0 1.50,0.0 1 g & flfl o v e r

W o m e n — C o n t in u e d

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .0

$ 7 6 .5 0
7 6 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
7 6 .5 0

2

6
5

178
97

2

1

---------------

52

4 0 .0

1 0 7 .0 0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

c la s s B
_____________________________________________
M an n farh irin g
_
_ _

163

3 9 .5
4 0 .0

9 1 .0 0
9 7 .0 0
8 5 .5 0

-

-

-

_

-

2

4

21

3 9 .5

2

4

15

7

S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s --------

349

I'll
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g

T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e
c la s s

A

_

-----------------

-

19
6
5

------------------------

79
84

_

C

__

-

53

3 8 .5

7 2 .0 0

-

---------------------------------------------- -

270
57

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0

7 2 .0 0
7 6 .5 0

.

613
243

3 9 .5
4 0 .0

7 9 .5 0
8 4 .6 6

370

3 9 .0

71
101
157

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 8 .0

7 7 .0 0
9 4 .0 0
8 6 .5 0
6 4 .5 0

1 ,3 5 9
522
837

3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
4 0 .0
4 0 .0

______

___________

T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e
general

_

---------

.

.

1

.

„

.

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

6

3

1

2

-

1

-

-

-

-

21
14
7

2

6
4
2

3
3

2
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
1
1

3

10

1

1

11
11
-

1
1
-

.

2

_

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

10
1

9

28
17
11
4

2

-

4

-

5

4

24

10
10

30
6
24

18
12
6

22
14
8

8
3
5

14
11
3

4

4

5

4

4
4

1

9
5

-

_

2 1 .

2

op e ra to rs,

213
112

c la s s

1

4
4

17
7
3

30
9

op era tors,

S
T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e

24

21
21

26

op era tors,

----------------------

T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e

----------

___________

_ _

_ _

T y p i s t s , c l a s s B ----------- ----------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________ _____________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________ _
" Pn hl i r n f i l it*i p c ^
W h o le s a le tr a d e
R etail tra d e
TTinanrp ^

-

12
2

4
4

5

8

o p era to rs,

T y p i s t s , c l a s s A _________________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g . . . . . . ______ _______ _____ ____ _
N n n m a rm fa r t n r in g
W h o le s a le tr a d e

-

_________________________

38
249
119
278

3 7 .5

'

6 8 .5 0
7 7 .0 0
6 3 .0 0
7 2 .0 0
6 9 .0 0
6 4 .0 0
5 8 .5 0

71
g

14

10

18
-------3 —

63

32

28

7 1 .0 0
7 5 .5 0

19

3
-

30
-

47
-

51
3

3

30

47
3

46
1

12

-

2

36
—

T~

52
8
44

-

3

24

29

37

10
24

1
_

132
-

185
34

258
84
174
16

187
64
123
K

1

100
23
77

_

_

23

63

10
34

17

1

57

9
71

_

132

151

29
17
70

17
1

27
3

1

9

19
16
3

12
2

24

44
13
31

9

16
g

10

1

12

26

5

3

10

1

68
34

84

69
36
ll
3

47
36

19
16
3
2

11
4

104

23

26

7
7

78
38
36

9
14
4

34
4
12
12

127
51
76
7

41

42

41
23

13
13

36
34
5
9

17
4

19

4

8
4

87
54

79
56
23
5

35
28
7
2

28
28
-

4

.

33
1

8
8
g

4

_

1

1

1

_

101

25

69
32

19
6
2

31
1

4

_

-

_

1

Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours.
Tran sportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




-

9
Table A-2.

Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and W omen

(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division , Pittsburgh, Pa. , January 1963)
Average
Sex, occupation, and industry div isio n

of

(Standard)

Weekly
earnings 1
(Standard)

401
371

40. 0
40. 0

$170.00
171.00

1,439

40.0
40. 0
39. 5
39. 0

141.50
143.50
131.50
127.50

_
-

-

2
2

227
54

-

-

-

-

-

654
501
153
44

40.
40.
39.
39.

workers

D raftsm en, lead er —
M anufacturing ___
D raftsm en, sen ior —
M anufacturing ___
Nonmanufacturing
Public u tilities '
D raftsm en, junior
M anufacturing ___
Nonm anufacturing
P ublic u tilities ‘
T racers

-------------------

N u rses, industrial (re g is te r e d ) .
M anufacturing ------------------------

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
g
s
3
3
s
3
3
3
3
$
$
s
8
s
$
3
3
3
3
3
3
s
3
3
65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 9500 1 00 0 0 10500 1 1 0 0 0 11500 1 2 0 0 0 12500 13000 13500 14000 14500 15000 15500 160.00 16500 170.00 180.00 190.00 200.00
and
and
under
70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 1 0 0 0 0 10500 110.00 11500 1 2 0 0 0 12500 130.00 13500 140.00 14500 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 180.00 190.00 200.00 o v e r

3

1,2 1 2

Weekly^

45
45

0
0
5

109 . 0 0
1 1 1 .50

11
11

101.00

_

0

109.00

55

40. 0

78. 00

305
272

40. 0
40. 0

107.00
107.50

2
2
2

8
11

39
15
24

30
13
17

62
56

-

3

1

6

4

72
61

101
66

44
37
7
- 3

42
38
4

25

35
9

26

10
10

_

19

22
6
16

58
40
18

1

-

2

11
2

8

2

8

9

4

3

9
9

41
40

32
26

6

5

23

1

22

93
64
29
5

127
114
13

22

3

115
107

3

131
118
13
3

56
38
18
7

85
75
10

8

4

60
50

2

10
2

44
31
13
3

55
48
7
5

25

8

17
13

65
60

33
32

28
25

50
48

5

4
4

23
19

44
44

4
4

25
23

60
53

54
50

82
82

17
17

74
56
18

130
105
25

82
76

116

114

74
72

16
16

2
2

2
2

2
2

-

2

2
1

-

"

6
1

-

1

170
147
23
9

-

-

-

31
29

11
11

26
25

6
6

1
1

3
3

-

-

2
2

-

-

2

-

1

2

15
_

6

26

4
_
-

19
11

9

22

2

2

5
4

Standard hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees r e ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these weekly hours,
Tran sportation, com m u nication, and other public utilities.




10
Table A-3.

Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined

(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a ry 1963)

O ccupation and industry d ivision

wedkiy'
earnings
(Standard)

O ccupation and industry d ivision

138

$78 .00
77. 00
68. 50

Com ptom eter op erators ------------------------------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------------

w

r

51
180
149
113

B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs , cla ss A
M anufacturing _________________________

125
76

68.
74.
66.
72.
65.

M anufacturing
__________________________________
00
N onmanuf ac turing _______________________________
50 '
00
00
00 Keypunch o p e ra to rs , c la s s B ______________________

795
165
63Q
72
463

C lerk s, accounting, cla ss A _____________
M anufacturing _________________________
Nonm anufacturing _____________________
Pu blic utilities 3 ____________________
W holesale trade ____________________
R etail trade ________________________
F in a n ce 2 ___________________________

1,069
611
458
67
146
79
97

113.50
125. 00
98. 50
123.00
98. 00
89. 50
90. 00

C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B ____________
M anufacturing _________________________
Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------Pu blic utilities 3 ____________________
W holesale trade ____________________
Retail trade ________________________
F in a n ce 2 ___________________________

1, 540
-----874
169
175
286
141

85. 50
95. 50
78. 50

163
84
79

87. 50
9 1 . 00
83. 50

C lerk s, file , cla s s B _____________________
M anufacturing _________________________
Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------W holesale trade ____________________
F in a n ce 2 ___________________________

481
135
346
53

6 6 . 00

168

78.
61.
67.
60.

C lerk s, file , c la s s C _____________________
Nonmanufacturing _____________________

27 6
Z18

60. 0 0
57 . 00

72. 00
76'. 50
87. 00
9lV0'0~
83. 50
87. 50

—

110.00

C lerk s, file , cla ss A _____________________
M anufacturing _________________________
Nonmanufacturing _____________________

$78 .50
86. 50
75. 00
73. 50
75. 00

101
75

R etail trade ___________________________________
68. 50
67.00 "
64. 50 D uplicating-m ach ine op erators
(M im eograph or Ditto) --------------------------------- ------79. 00
70. 50

B ookkeeping-m achine o p e r a to r s , cla ss B
M anufacturing _________________________
Nonmanufacturing _____________________
W holesale trade ____________________
F in a n ce 1 _____________ ______________
2

C lerk s, ord er ____________________________
M anufacturing _________________________
Nonm anufacturing _____________________
W holesale trade ____________________
Retail trade ________________________

573
291
282
133
134

C lerk s, p ayroll __________________________
M anufacturing _________________________
N onm anufacturing — ___________________
Pu blic utilities 3 _________ ___________
W holesale trade ____________________
R etail trade ________________________

947
598
349
65

1

68
101

82. 50
69. 50
62. 50

92.
106.
78.
88.
68.

00
50
50
50

00
00

00
50
50

11H#» ^
=s
AATliolc s eil g t r a d e __—--------- —_—------------------- -----F inane e
------------------- ---------------------------------- -—

_

____

___

_______

N onmanuf ac tur ing _____ ____ — ----------------------------—
P u blic utilities _______________________________________■
—
W holesale trade ------------------------------------- ----------- -—---------R etail trade - __ _ _— __ — ------------ — —
------ -----------—
F inane e
— — --------- .-----------------—
---------- - - - - - - Stenographers, general _______________ _______________________
M anufacturing __________________________________
_______
Nonmanufacturing
_ _____________________
Public utilities _.——
----------- --------------------------------------■
—
W holesale t r a d e ___— ------- ----------------- —.—— .—
—
R etail trade
_______ _____________________
Finance
____________________________________________________
Stenographers, sen ior _________________________________________
M anufacturing _________________________________________________
Nnnmanufarturing
_ _
_____
___________________
W holesale t r a d e __—

________________ — — — ----------—*
—

Sw itchboard o p erators ____
_____________________
9 6 . 00
Mann factor ing
_
_______
_______
' 102.50 '
]\ n 'p 'iY )a m ]fa rtnTing
|
__
84. 50
p )V -i n TjtilitiPQ ^
-i-| l
108. 50
R e t a il t r a d e
_
_
________ ____ ___
91. 50
Finance ^ - ____ -_______ - ______ _____________ ____________— —
77. 00

Earnings rela te to regular straigh t-tim e w eekly s a la rie s that are paid fo r standard w ork w eeks.
Finan ce, insurance, and real estate.
T ran sp ortation, com m unication, and other public u tilities.




187
104
780
357
423
79
151
136

578
O ffice boys and girls ________________________________
M anufacturing
__________________________________ ------2 2 6
352
Nonm anufacturing ____________________________ -—
70
Pu blic utilities 3 ___________________________ -—
127
F in a n ce 2 _____________
_______ ____________
S e cre ta rie s

O ccupation and industry d iv ision

Number
of

earnings 1
(Standard)

O ffice occu pation s— Continued
402
112
290
73
162

380

—

B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine)
Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------R etail trade ________________________

2
3

earnings *
(Standard)

O ffice occupations— Continued

O ffice occupations
B ille r s , m achine (billin g m achine) ______
Nonm anufacturing -------------------------------W holesale trade ____________________

N ber
um
of
w
orkers

Num
ber
of
w
orkers

3,114
1,575
1,539
253
345
109

524
2,518
1,359
1,159
319
215
83
350

349
171
178
97

Tahnlating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s A
__ _ ___
M anufacturing ______ ___________________ _______
Nonmanufacturing
__________________________Public u t ilit ie s 3
___
________

115. 00
261
193 ^ 117.50
108. 50
68
32
116.50

T abulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s B ____________
M anufacturing _____________________________________
Nonmanufacturing _________________________________
Public u t ilit ie s 3 ------------------------------ — ---- —
F in a n ce 2 _______________ _____________ _______

97. 50
443
223 ^ 105- 00
220
89. 50
103.50
63
83. 50
76

164
T abulating-m achine o p e r a to r s , c la s s C ____ ___ —
w
r a • _
.
75. 00
------ ~E2T^
85~ 00"
102
iNonm n
g
66. 50
270
---76. 00 T ra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , g en eral — —---57
M anufacturing ________________________ ________ —
62. 50
213
Nonm anufacturing ___ ___________ — --------------63. 50
112
W holesale trade
63. 00 T y p i s t s , c l a s s A
703
_ _
____ _ _
____
6 8 . 50
^apnfa rtnring
255
59. 50
Nfonmanufacturing
_
_____
448
74. 50
Pnblir nHlitiPQ ^
88
55. 50
102
Wbr'l ,aR;,^p trJlHp
217
F in a n ce 2 _________________ _________ _______
99. 0 0
1,380
106.00 T yp ists, cla ss B _______ __ ------- — --------------------533
M anufacturing ---- ------------ ---------- ---- ---------- _
9 2 . 00
847
Nonmanufacturing __ __ _______________ ____ - 107.50
38
Pu blic u t ilit ie s 3 ___________________
— ------ __
92. 50
W holesale t r a d e ___
_
-------------- ----------------249
82. 0 0
Retail trade ____________________ _ ____
_ ---------119
8 9 . 00
Finanrp ^
_ im_ ...
_ _
282
82. 0 0
P r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ica l occu pation s
89. 0 0
73. 50
401
______________
_____ —
85. 50 D raftsm en, lea d er ___
371
M anufacturing ____ ____ __ ______
____ —
__
73. 0 0
73. 0 0
1,447
D r a f t s m e n , s en ior
_
________
___
_ ___
70. 00
M a n u fa c tu r in g

645
330
315
88
112

512
139
373
77
66

81

9 1 . 00

91. 50
9 0 . 00
97. 50
94. 50

$ 76 .50
7 6 oo
77.’ 50
76. 50

Switchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is ts ______________ M anufacturing _______________ __ — ________ —
Nonmanufacturing -------- -------------------- ---------------W holesale trade ____________________________ —

__

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g ____
—
— ----------------P ublic u tilities 3 ____________________________________________
D raftsm en, j u n i o r ________________________________ __________________
M anufacturing _____________________________________
N onm anufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------------------Public u tilit ie s 3 -------------------- _ ----------------------------------

78. 00
88"; 0 0 '
_ ---------- ----------------74. 00 N u rses, industrial (re g is te r e d )
M anufacturing ______________________________________ ____________
9 0 . 00
64. 00
73. 50 T r a c e r s _________________________________________________________________

1 ,216

231
58

79. 00
91.50
71. 50
72. 00
76. 50
7 1.00
75. 50
79. 50
85. 00
76. 50
95. 50
87. 00
65. 50
6 8 . 50
77. 50
6 3 .0 0
72.00
69.0 0

6 4 .0 0
58. 50

170.00
171.00
141. 50
143. 5(3
131. 00
126.50

67 8
109.00
-------5 T T ~TTT7W
101.00
164
108.50
46
107.50
312
ZT9~ " 1 0 8 . 0 0
121

75. 50

11
Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(Average straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r m en in se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Pittsburgh, P a ., January 1963)

O ccupation and industry d ivision

Num
ber
of
w
orkers

C a rp en ters, m aintenance ______________
M anufacturing ___
_____________ __
Nonm anufacturing ___________________
Pu blic u tilities 2 ____ ____________
E le c tr ic ia n s , m aintenance
____
M anufacturing _______________________
Nonm anufacturing _________________ _

E n gin eers, station ary ___________ _____
M anufacturing _________ ____ _____
Nonm anufacturing ___________________
R etail trade
"Finance 3

_______________________
_
____

849
FTE~

173
114
2,

218
1, 819
399
317
733
4& T

264
53
62
68

NUMBER OF
Average Under $ . 0 0 $ . 10 $2 . 20 $2. 30 $ 40 $ . 50 $ . 60 $ 70 $ . 80
2
2
2.
2
2
2.
2
hourly ,
and
earnings $
2 . 00 under
2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 6 0 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90

$3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
2

13
14
07
77
18
11

00
93

3. 06
3. 11
2.96

2. 94
3.40
2 . 92

■

"

"

'

.
-

.
-

_
-

.
-

6
6

88

22

57

15
7

1

66

44

24

-

-

8

6

36

22
2

10
8
2
1

_

-

_

_

_

1

_

1

2

M a ch in e-tool o p e r a to r s , to o lr o o m ____
M anufacturing __________________„_____

696
5W

3. 28
3. 28

“

M achinists, m aintenance _________ ____
M anufacturing _________
___ ___ _
Nonmanufacturing _____ ____________

2, 386
2, 273
113

3.42
' 3. 44
2 . 99

_
-

M ech an ics, autom otive (m a in ten a n ce)__
M anufacturing -----------------------------------Nonm anufacturing _____________ ____
Public u tilities 2 _ _______________

732
353
379
304

16
30
02
02

_
■

M echanics, m aintenance _______________
M anufacturing — ----------------------- ---

2, 701
2, 654

3. 11
3. 11

-

6

6

4

10

t
z

10

9
9

_
-

4
4
-

48
48

8

16

7

-----8

1

50
43
7

69
36
33
16
6

584
576
9
5

73
72

-

1
1

533
233
300
300

80
76
4
1

58
58

87
68

19

275

16

20

262

16
-

17
3
"

447
415
32

402
395
7

10

77
69

13
4

259
254
5
3

63
53

119
89
30

50
32
18

97
50
47

12
1

22

1

24

8

22
22

64
4
-

55
64

45
41
4

54
46

13
7

11

6
6

9

44
44
_
-

23
! 22
1

-

4

8

7
_
7

11
10
1

1

1

4
_
4

3
_
3

_

7
3
4

14
7
7

22

17
5

4
4
_

_

5
4

1

1

18
18
_

_
_

4
_
4

_

4

7

5

_

1

1

.

_

4

-

-

_

_

-

-

-

~

_

_

-

344
344
-

-

_
_

_
_

_
_

4

1
16

2

20
20

8
8

13
13

44
44

131
131

347
347

1
1

74
74

-

-

-

-

1

125
87
38
32

148
138

11
11

54
54

60

60

34
30“

58
56

165
165

30
30

123
123

88
88

41
41

7
7

142
138
4

807
783
24

56
55

66
~ E S~
1

44
43

38

12
12

1

12

8
6
2

8

6
1

-

-

10

41
40

57
57
-

8
8

8

4

30
30
"

86
20
66

96
96
-

83
81

236
234

2

2

_
-

2

-

5
5
-

25
25
25

19
11
8

90
38
52
19

73
16
57
51

13
13

170
87
83
79

69
17
52
52

55
47

3

63
18
45
45

21
8

'

5
5
■

99
99

3

“

100
1 00

107
107

57
52

97
96

309
303

351
345

829
828

163
163

53
45

341
332

72
70

~

.

.

28

25
25

6
6

45
46

71
71

1
1

289
289

147
147

39
39

21
21

6
6

247
243

158
158

26

54
54
_

56
24
32

4
4
-

i
i __ 1 _

6
2

35
17
18

_
-

_

"

9
_
9

1

_
-

_

-

7
_
7
"

70
70
_

_
“

2

“

14
_
14

42
17
25
25

_
"

.

_
_

1

109
91
18
18

_
-

'

1

_

1
1

110

6
6

'

_

109

-

2

64

145
116
29
27

■

-

18
n r~
_
-

_

30

10

16

51
48
3

16
5

"

.

_

2
2

68

272
35
237
228

2

!




41
35

89

8

2. 71
2. "76
2. 50
2. 49

S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le,

101
12

8

2, 150
1, 771
379
342

3. 32
3. 32

-

27
27
-

4
4
-

H elp ers, m aintenance trades __________
M anufacturing ________ ___ ______ _
Nonm anufacturing ___________________
Public u tilities 2

1, 083
1, 079

33
33
-

5
"

2

2 . 79
2. 8i

M illw rights ---------------------------------------------M anufacturing
------------ — -----------

11
11

2

-

2

424
380
44

3.
3.
3.
3.

7

-

F irem en , station ary b o ile r ___ __ _ __
M anufacturing
__
_____
Nnnmamifactnring

2. 54

5
5
-

WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
3.
2.9 0 3. 00 $ 10 3. 20 3. 30 3.40 3. 50 3 .60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 4. 00 4. 10 4. 20 4. 30 $
4.40
and
3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 4. 00 4. 10 4. 20 4. 30 4. 40 over

1

8
8

7

55
_ ri n n
17
9

8

142
200
T 4 T ~ 200
-

_
_

57
56'
1

-

-

13

2

10

~

12
12

61
58

_
-

-

_

_
_

-

-

20
20

11
11

-

~

12
12

12
Table A -4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations— Continued
(A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r men in s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division , Pittsburgh, Pa. , January 1963)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

O ccupation and industry d ivision

Number
of
workers

Average
hourly
earnings

O ilers -----------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ------------------------------------

625
575

$ 2 . 68
2 . 68

Painters, m aintenance ------------------------ —
M anufacturing —........................................
N onm anufacturing ----------------------------Public u tilit ie s 2 ---------------------------

448
349
99
42

2.
2.
2.

P ipefitters, m aintenance ----------------------M anufacturing -----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------P lum bers, m aintenance -----------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
, Under 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2.60 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 $3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 4. 00 4. 10 4. 20 $4. 30 $4. 40
and
$
and
under
2 . 00
2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70 3. 80 3. 90 4. 00 4. 10 4. 20 4. 30 4. 40 over

-

14
14

6
6

"

-

94
93
98
3. 07

-

“

"

1, 224
160
64

3. 09
3. 09
3. 06

-

-

101
68

3. 00
2 . 86
2 . 85

-

1,

40

15
17

Sheet-m etal w ork ers, m aintenance -------M anufacturing --------------------------------------------------

184
157

3.
3.

Tool and die m akers ---------------------------------- —
M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------

899
840

.
-

-

14
14

121

10
2
8

3

146
146

23

2
1

21
2

95

"
6
6

4
4

-

1
1

9
9
"

18
18

54
54

5
5

3. 32
3 . 36

-

"

-

'

-

3
3

Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
T ransportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.




2
2

8
8

104
104

69
69

38
14

34

35
28
7

45
42
3
~

20

14
13
17
17

_
-

9
9

1

16
16

26
26

56
56

14
14

161

12
2
10
6

20
11

24
18

9
9

6
6

5

1

-

22
22

38
31
7

14
13

39
39
_

71

44
44

11
11

1
1
1

7

.
-

2

6

-

-

1
1

5

1
1

10
10

“

-

98
98

.

24
13

21
12

12
2

11

9

4

1

136
132
4

605
568
37

68
66
2

.

19
5

4

1

-

2

-

149

"
25

31
30

33
32
32

4
3

12

11
11

28
26

18
16

18
17

45
44

2

18

-

11

9
9

21
21

24
24

152
151

46
46

203
203

21
21

29
29

53
53

■
70
12

"

z

1

-

"

-

-

"

-

- .

-

-

-

10
10

_

.

.

-

-

-

-

.

.

.

-

.
-

.

-

-

-

-

"

"

1

1

20

51
42
9

1

1
1

1

68

1

-

.

.

-

-

-

3

_
164
164

3
3

2
2

5
5

13
Table A-5.

Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , P itts b u r g h , P a ., J a n u a ry 1963)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

N ber
um
of
workers

O ccu p a tion 1 and industry d iv isio n

Elevator o p e r a to r s , passen ger
(men)
. . .
............ .
M anufacturing __
Elevator o p e r a to r s , passenger
(wom en)
N onm anufacturing

......... .

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$ , $
Average Under $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1 . 9 0 $
, $
2.00
2 .20
2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 * 3.60 3.70 3.80
2 .10
hourly
earnings'1 $
and
and
1.40 under
1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 . 0 0 2 . 1 0 2 . 2 0 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 3.80 over

-

-

101

238
214

103

198

94
7

37

244
59 216
24 205
11
35
28
9

206
142
64
10 ‘

1256 392
1160 325
96
67
56
55

106
91
15

7
7

-

20
20

-

-

14
14

75
75

3
3

44
44

139

Jan itors, p o r te r s , and c lea n ers
(men)
M anufacturing ________________________
•Nonm anufacturing ____________________
W holesale trade ___________________
R etail trade _______________________
Fi na nr e ^

1.73
1.69

13
3 12

_

_

62
26

2.32
2.59
2.63
2.25
1.67

4 344

17
17

40
24
24
16

15
_
15

23
18

55

.
344

13
_
13

104
67
61

_
45

15
_
15

3, 887
' 2 , 116
1,771
251
107
400
556

2.08
2.28
1.83
2 23

84
7
77

118
118

93

287
55
232

267
50
217

8

6

1

12

4
208
12

4
4
170

443
84
359
51
25

32

47

26
6
2

36
17

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

.

507 | 134
j
468
131
468
125
_
6
3
39

168
152
152
_
16

4

7
_
_
_
7

1

_

_
_
_

_

_
_
_
_

.
_
_
_

4
4
4
_

.
_
_
_

-

-

-

-

-

3
_
_
_
3

1

1

-

12

208
1, 560
1,403
157
648

-

_

"

15
15

_

-

36
36

13

101
2,

1.88

1.67
1.93

210

190

9
5 201

190

20
100

34

11

15

Jan itors, p o r te r s , and clea n ers
(wom en) _________________________________
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing
Public u t ilit ie s 8
R etail trade _______________________
nanr^ 7

1, 466
300
166
154
135
516

1.65
2.05
1.55
1.79
1.45
1.64

8 378
12

27
5

1,

366

22

L a b o r e rs , m a teria l handling ___________
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing
Public u t ilit ie s 8
W holesale trade __________________
R etail trade _

4, 162
2, 575
1, 587
335
846
373

2.45
2.49
2.38

66
12

9

54

9

O rd er f ille r s _____________________________
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing ____________________
W holesale trade ___________________
R etail trade ________________________

1,393
441
952
472
480

2 .66

P a ck ers, shipping (m en) ________________
M anufacturing ________________________
N onm anufacturing ___
_.
___ __
W holesale trade
R eta i 1 trad e

1, 335
1, 148
187

2.17
2.18
2.14

110

2.04

P a ck ers, shipping (wom en) _____________

752
469
255
214

2.56
2.61
2.50
2.55
2.52

7
_
22

5

8

85
4
5
4
43

1.87

R eceivin g c le r k s ________________________
M anufacturing ------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ____________________
Wbnlftsalft trad ft
R etail trade ________________________

30
14

10
8

2.21

77




8

$1.94
1.92

.. _

Guards and watchm en
_ _
_
...... .
.... . ..... .
M anufacturing _ _
Guards _____________________________
W atchmen
Nonm anufacturing
.
.... ...

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le .

7
7

178
170

94

96

2.66

2.37
2.23
2.41
2.78
2.52
3.04

6

46
20

_
7

-

_ _

126
126
7
82
18

496

48
30
18

18
18

2

494
19
1

160
74
86

79
5

469

10
10

11

3
3
_

_
18

33
33
_

158

.
-

-

-

10

_

_

-

-

-

10

-

-

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

1

-

1

-

-

_

-

5
5

1

_

2

1

-

1

-

-

2

_
_

1

_

_

1

_

_

_

_

5

1

_

2

_

-

_
_

_
_

_
.

_
_

_
_

_

_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

272

67

171
64
107
107

104
36

28
28
_

11
8

55
18
37

117

_

41
40

17

1

19
_
19

23

100

20
12

208
174
34
14
18

I
37

I
17

1

19

1

26
14

162

12

_

162
_

61

47
47
_
47

_

_

61
61
_

11

18
88
15 — W
22
3
2
18

35
35
-

56
51
5
4

_

305
173
132

482
450
32

1 62

_

_

1

_
1

82
37
45

689
603

124

224
53

12

31

22

6

48

115

70

159
90
69
35
34

134
104
30
15
15

170
138
32
15
17

37
125
89
36

77
77
-

113
108
5
5

36
29
7
7

10

77
26
51

58
19
39
35
4
11

7

5

1

36
17
19
17
2

53
32
21
18
1

85
71
14
13
1

26
21
5
5

_

8

10

12

58
36

-

105
72
33

58
48

636
624

77

10
10

12
10
2

72
55
17
7

22

-

86

10

23

26

20

1

10

4

16

20

16

19

17 -------g12
17
6
9
2
4
8

5

14
14

3
3

5

2

3

4

-

_
2

100
100

36
32
4
_

24

695
5

2
2

24
19
5
4

102
66

12
8
9

40
7
33

10

1

3
_

2

48
16

198

277

.
-

5
5
5
-

12

16
24

101

647
306
341
71
270
-

475

10

24

_
-

_
-

34

86

72
14
58

4

94
50
44
7

2

32

10

9

-

259

1
1
11

68

1

29

.

1

6

"

5

168

12

55

2

104
72
23
9

114

31

16
4

68

I

-

-

_
-

1
1

I
„

5

1

-

72
72
72
-

48
46

31
31
-

20
12
8
8

81
81

2
2

6
6

52
31
21
20

64
58
6

6

2

2

4
2
2

2 — r H
-

21

2

93

29
28

88

2
2

12
10
2

22
1

2
68

55
-

3

_

1

_
_

_

-

-

12

1 62

3
3

3
3

_
_

4
4

_
_

-

-

,

-

_
.

_
_
-

_
.

2

1

11

-

_
1

_

2

5
_
5

8

8

8

11

5
_
5

-

1

5

8

11

5

8

g

~

I

-

Table A-5.

Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued

(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ied on an a r e a b a s is
b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , P itts b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a ry 1963)

351
228
123
78

Shipping and receivin g c le r k s ______ >
___
Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------Public utilities 6 --------------------------Retail trade ----------------------------------

197
162
61
52

$ 2 . 66
2. 76
2. 46
2. 48

_
-

_
-

_
-

3
3

_
-

T r u c k d riv e r s 9 --------------------------------------M anufacturing -----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------ -------W holesale trade ---------------------------Retail trade ----------------------------------

1 622

2. 84
3. 11

-

233

2. 71
2 . 79
2. 67

186
793
1, 393
802
358
208

2.91
3. 15
2. 77
2 . 81
2. 75
2. 65

T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
tr a ile r type) ------------------------------------M anufacturing ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ________________
nf 11i i"i a ^

1, 057
172
885
540

3.
2.
3.
3.

T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
other than tra iler type) -----------------Manufacturing ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------

294
204
90

T ru ck ers, pow er (forklift) -------------- —
M anufacturing _________ ____________
Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------Public utilities 6 ------------------ -------Retail trade ----------------------------------

1, 828
1, 633
195
59
85

T ru ck ers, pow er (other than
forklift) ------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------

•1, 165
1, 114
51

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

18
83
24
08

2
2

-

3
3

_
_
_

2,

15
7

-

-

T ru ck d rivers, m edium ( 1 V2 to and
including 4 tons) ------------------ -------Manufacturing ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------PSiKli r nti liti P ^
*
Q
W holesale trade _______________
Retail trade ----------------------- ___

1
2
2

"

.
_
_

122

16

-

3

355

2 . 10

3

-

2. 95
3. 00
2.93

T ru ck d rivers, light (under
lVz tons) ........... ................... —................
Manufacturing ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------

L_ 8XL E 9JL 2 . 00
16
16
5

4, 210
1, 373
2, 837
680

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1. 70 1 . 80 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70 3. 80
and

1

54
52
65
30

•

2.
2.
2.
2.

0

Shipping c lerk s ------------- ----------------------M anufacturing -----------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------W holesale trade _________ _-----------•

<i
0

O ccupation 1 and industry division

O'

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGET-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

$
$
Average
hourly , Under 1. 40 1. 50
earnings $
and
1.40 under
E 60

Num
ber
of
w
orkers

-

-

1

3

1

_2 . 20 .2 .3 0
14
13
1

20
8
12

-

10
10

7

2.40

41
36
5
3

20
20

17
7

"

10

8
8
1

27
23

42
42
37
5

9
9

56
29 1
15 1

12

263

362
40
322
272
49
-

1

"

-

12

_
_
_

30
_
30

20

5

44
38

25
9
16

1
11

9
_
9

6

11

6

4

58
23
35
31

"

6

-

6

-

-

30

7

4

12

4

177
18
154
4

_
-

-

5
5

9
9

-

-

-

-

6
2

6

5
4

16

50

-

4

6

1

_
_

_
_

6

_
_

6

_
_

_
_

30
30

14

38
38
-

-

_

_
6

_

6

-

6

-

6

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

30

13
7

11

3

6
2

3

-

_

-

-

-

86

2

6
1

2

12

2
2

169
35
134

i

2 92

2

28
264
264

132
-

-

12

-

_

-

-

8
8

-

-

-

-

_
_
-

_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

16
16
-

_
_
-

52
51
1

-

-

-

-

-

"

-

1

2. 92
2. 93
2. 75

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

-

45
45

8
8

-

30
28

1 02
1

2
2

130
14
116

_
_

112

_

4

-

232
204
28

28
28
-

30
36

28
-

125 426
104
19
21 407
17 407

9

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

155
138
17

374
235
139

72
_
72

5
_
5

-

_
17

_
139

193
3
190
114
76

_
72

_
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

34
14
20

-

138
138
-

235
235
-

_
-

_
-

4
4

_
-

16
4

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
4

-

-

-

11

139
139

193
3

72
72

-

59
50
9

71
4
67

11

44
4
40

139
49
90
36
54
29
28
1
1

318
317
1

~

157
2

155

81
81

86
78
8

424
322

-

_
-

-

36
36

23
9
14

49
34
15

_
-

7
1
6

-

287
287
-

12
12

_
-

!

1

3. 80 over

1
2

-

198
197
1
-

-

_
-

8
12

3. 70

-

363 ! 1137 499
264 I 135
25
1 00 2 474
99
37
606 407
62
114
30
36
258
-

200
166
34
4
13

286
285
1
1
“

"

6
6
2

-

88
86
2

3. 50 3. 60

3

5
4
3

18
4

139
138
1

3. 40

-

9

22

-

78
78
-

3. 30

14
14
-

2
2

11
7
4

66
60
15
95
51

3. 20
9
9
-

5

17 !
5 1—

17
15

1
1

1
1

4
4
-

10

11

39

3. 10

14
5
9

2

16

Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except w here otherw ise indicated.
Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late skifts.
W orkers w ere distributed as follow s : 9 at $ 1. 10 to $ 1 .20; and 3 at $ 1. 20 to $ 1. 30.
W orkers w ere distributed as follow s : 6 at $1 to $ 1 .1 0 ; 208 at $ 1. 10 to $ 1 .2 0 ; 83 at $ 1. 20 to $ 1. 30; and 47 at $ 1. 30 to $1.40.
W orkers w ere distributed as follow s : 30 at $1 to $1. 10; 19 at $1 . 10 to $ 1 .2 0 ; 92 at $ 1 .2 0 to $ 1 .3 0 ; and 60 at $ 1 .3 0 to $1. 40.
Transportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
W orkers w ere distributed as follow s : 3 at $1 to $1 . 10; 57 at $1. 10 to $ 1 .2 0 ; 264 at $ 1 ,2 0 to $ 1 .3 0 ; and 54 at $ 1. 30 to $ 1. 40.
Includes all d riv e r s re g a rd le ss of size and type o f truck operated.




82
69
13
1

15

_
_
_

11

2. 70 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00

33
18
15
14

2. 84
2 . 82
2. 90
2.
2.
3.
2.
3.

2. 50 2 . 60

18
4
14
9

111

111
-

731
4
727
498
98
107

101

6

3
1

-

6

-

"

-

-

4
4
-

26
14
12

_
-

82
78
4

10
10

18
2
16

35
35

6
6

"

-

-

4

10

16

35

6

6
6

378
376
2

~

18
18
“

23
23
~

60
52
8

13
10
3

12
12

153 116
135 62
54
18
54
-

34
34
-

2
2

7
7

2
-

‘

1
1

-

2

2

190

114

64
62
2

76
4
72

11

2

24
24
~

6

-

15

B: Establishment Practices and Supplem entary Wage Provisions
Table B-l. M inimum Entrance Salaries for W om en Office W o rk e rs
( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s s t u d ie d in a ll i n d u s t r i e s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y m in i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r y f o r s e l e c t e d c a t e g o r i e s
o f i n e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 3 )
I n e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts
M a n u fa c tu rin g
M in im u m

w e e k ly

s tr a ig h t-t im e

s a la r y 1

A ll

O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r ic a l w o r k e r s 2

N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g

M a n u fa c tu rin g

B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k ly h o u r s 3 o f—

A ll

in d u s tr ie s

$ 4 0 .0 0
$ 4 2 . 50
$ 45. 00
$ 4 7 .5 0
$ 5 0 .0 0
$ 5 2 .5 0
$ 5 5 . 00
$ 57. 50
$ 60. 00
$ 6 2 . 50
$ 65. 00
$ 67. 50
$ 7 0 .0 0
$ 72. 50
$ 7 5 . 00
$ 77. 50
$ 80. 00
$ 82. 50
$ 85. 00
$ 8 7 . 50
$ 90. 00

and u n d er
and u n d er
and u n d er
and u n d e r
and u n d e r
and u n d er
and u n d er
and u n d e r
and u n d e r
and u n d er
and u n d e r
and u n d er
and u n d er
and u n d er
and u n d er
and u n d e r
and u n d e r
and u n d e r
and u n d e r
and u n d er
and u n d e r

A ll

40

s c h e d u le s

37 V 2

A ll

40

s c h e d u le s

40

A ll
s c h e d u le s

3 7 Vz

40

208

76

XXX

132

XXX

XXX

208

76

XXX

132

XXX

XXX

--------

120

53

47

67

14

44

128

57

50

71

15

46

--------------------------------______________________
--------------------------------______________________
--------------------------------______________________
______________________
______________________
--------------------------------______________________
----------------------------------------------------------------______________________
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------______________________
---------------------------------

5

6

1

s tu d ie d

E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g

N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g

o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f—

in d u s tr ie s
A ll
s c h e d u le s

E s ta b lis h m e n ts

B ased

a s p e c ifie d

$ 4 2 . 50
$ 4 5 . 00
$ 47. 50
$ 5 0 .0 0
$ 5 2 .5 0
$ 5 5 . 00
$ 57. 50
$ 6 0 . 00
$ 62. 50
$ 6 5 . 00
$ 67. 50
$ 70. 00
$ 7 2 . 50
$ 7 5 .0 0
$ 77. 50
$ 80. 00
$ 82. 50
$ 85. 00
$ 87. 50
$ 9 0 . 00
$ 92. 50

m in im u m

E s ta b lis h m e n ts

h a v in g n o

E s ta b lis h m e n ts

_

_

1

_

1

1

3
_

3

1

16

3

3

13

3

5

13

2

1

1

5
_

13

_

12

5

5
_

5

3

2

19
5

5
_

5
_

13

6

5

7

1

5

13

7

5

14

9
3

8

5

3

2

2

19
4

10

2

2
_

4

9
2

9
2

4

4

5

3

12

6

1

1

1

3

1

5

4

3

1

4

3

4

3

3

1

1
_

1
1

4

2

2

2

4

5

2
_

5

_

1

18

4

2

1

4
_

11

3

6

14

_

13

5

3

1

6

1

4

9
_

3
_

6
_

6

6
2

2
_

3

1
2

1

1
2

1
-

1
_
2

2

_

2

5

4

6

3

2

3

5

2

2

3

2

2

1

4

2

2

2

1
_

2

2

1
_

2

4
2

2

2

-

-

-

2

2

2

-

-

-

3

5

3

1

1
1

3

2

1

-

1

3

2

2

1

-

1

2

2

1

-

1

3

2

2

1

-

1

44

c a te g o ry

11

XXX

33

X XX

XXX

48

12

XXX

36

XXX

XXX

43

—

2

3

12

XXX

31

XXX

X XX

31

7

XXX

24

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX

1

XXX

1

XXX

XXX

w h ic h d id n o t e m p lo y w o r k e r s

in t h is

s p e c ifie d m in im u m

_

1
_

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

X XX

D a ta n o t a v a ila b le

T h ese

s a la r ie s

E x c lu d e s

r e la te

w orkers

D a ta a r e p r e s e n te d




to f o r m a l l y

e s ta b lis h e d m in im u m

in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s
fo r

s ta r tin g (h ir in g )

su ch a s m e s s e n g e r o r o ffic e

a ll s ta n d a r d w o rk w e e k s

c o m b in e d ,

r e g u la r

1

s tr a ig h t-t im e

s a la r ie s

th a t a r e

p a id f o r

g ir l.

and fo r th e m o s t co re n o n s ta n d a r d w o r k w e e k s

re p o rte d .

sta n d a r d w o r k w e e k s.

16




Table B-2.
(S h ift d if f e r e n t i a ls

o f m a n u fa c tu r in g

Shift D ifferentials
p la n t w o r k e r s

P ittsb u r g h ,

P a .,

b y ty p e and a m o u n t o f d iffe r e n tia l,

J an u ary

1963)

P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c tu r in g
In e s t a b li s h m e n t s
S h ift d if f e r e n t i a l

A c t u a lly w o r k in g

p r o v is io n s 1 fo r —
Second

s h ift

T h ir d o r

w ork

T o ta l

p la n t w o r k e r s —

h a v in g f o r m a l

o th e r

9 8 .0

..................... ................................................ ................................................

Second

s h ift w o r k

9 6 .7

s h ift

on—

T h ir d

or

o th e r

s h ift

2 3 .3

1 3 .8

_______________________________

9 7 .5

9 6 .7

2 3 .1

1 3 .8

( p e r h o u r ) _____________________________

8 8 .4

8 7 .5

2 1 .4

1 3 .3

3 cen ts

____________________________________________________

1 .3

_

.4

_

4 ce n ts

____________- _______________________________________

1 .0

-

.1

-

5 ce n ts

____________________________________________________

6 ce n ts

W ith

____________________________________________________

s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l

U n ifo r m

cen ts

5 .8

.5
_

1 .4

.1
-

________________________________________________

2 .2

1 .6

.6

.2

8 cen ts

____________________________________________________

6 3 .8

2 .4

1 6 .3

.4

9 cen ts

____________________________________________________

2 .8

5 .1

.4

.6

4 .5
_

5 .1
.9

.8
-

.1

6 7 .8

.6

1 1 .0

7V2 c e n ts

10 c e n t s

_____________________ _____________________________

11 c e n t s

___________________________________________________

12 c e n t s

1 .0

___________________________________________________

.3

.8

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 .9
2 .4

3 .3

.2

14 c e n t s

___________________________________________________

.7

.7

.3

16 c e n t s

___________________________________________________

-

.2

-

(2 )

9 .2

1 .7

.5
.1
(2 )
.3

I 2 V2 c e n t s

U n ifo r m

p e rc e n ta g e

9 .2

____________________________________

5 p ercen t

________________________________________________

1 .1

________________________________________________

1 .9
.6

.2

7 p ercen t

.6

.1

_______________________________________________

6 .6

7 .5

.1

1 .3

10 p e r c e n t
W ith no

s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l

.2

.5

__________________________

'

1
even

I n c lu d e s

th o u g h
2

L ess

th e y

e s ta b lis h m e n ts
w ere

th a n

0 .0 5

not

c u r r e n t ly

c u r r e n t ly

p e rc e n t.

o p e r a tin g

o p e r a tin g

la te

la te

sh ifts ,

s h ifts .

and

e s ta b lis h m e n ts

w ith

fo r m a l

p r o v is io n s

c o v e r in g

la te

s h ifts

17
Table B-3.

Scheduled W eekly Hours

( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s
o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , P it t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a r y 1963)
PLANT WORKERS

OFFICE WORKERS
W e e k ly h o u r s

A ll w o rk ers

All
!
industries

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 7 V 2 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------3 8 3/4 h o u r s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------35 h ours

O ver

35 and under

3 7 V 2 hours

O ver

42 hours
O ver

42

48 hours
50 h ou rs

100

Public
utilities

2
1

Wholesale
trade

100

100

Retail trade

100

Finance

100

4

10

2

-

-

5

1

20

2

45

3

4

5
56

2

-

3

3

1

12

1

4

________________________

1

-

2

-

-

2

_____________________ ___________________________________
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------and u n d er 4 8 h o u rs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

71

94

53

80

90

23

-

-

-

1

-

3 8 3 /4 a n d u n d e r

40 h ours

100

Manufacturing

40 h ours

1

I n c lu d e s

2

T r a n s p o r ta tio n ,

3

F in a n c e ,

4

In c lu d e s

5

L ess




d a ta fo r

s e rv ic e s

d a ta fo r

( 5)

in a d d it io n to t h o s e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s

c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

in s u r a n c e ,

( 5)
( 5)
( 5)

(!)

-

( 5)

show n

-

se p a r a te ly .

a n d o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .

and r e a l e sta te .

r e a l e sta te

th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .

and s e r v ic e s

in a d d itio n to t h o s e in d u s t r y d iv i s io n s

show n

se p a r a te ly .

-

3
4

All
industries

100

Manufacturing

100

( 5)

1

2

Wholesale
trade

100

100

Retail trade

100^

1

1

Public ,
utilities

1

-

-

~

9

1

-

_
_

92
2

93

83

75

93

2
1
( 5)

1

1
2

6
11
-

_

3

3
4

5

_

8

18
Table B-4.

Paid Holidays

( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l i n d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y n u m b e r o f p a id h o l i d a y s
p r o v i d e d a n n u a lly , P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a r y 1963)

OFFICE WORKERS
Item

PLANT WORKERS

Manufacturing

Public ,
utilities c

W
holesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance 3

1 00

1 00

100

1 00

100

1 00

100

100

100

100

100

99

1 00

100

100

99

100

98

1 00

100

100

92

All
,
industries 1

A l l w o r k e r s ______________________________________

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
paid h olid a y s ___________________________________
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g
no paid h o lid a y s _______________________________

(5)

All
industries *

Public
utilities^

Manufacturing

W
holesale
trade

Retail trad?

2

( 5)

8

'

"

N um ber o f days

1 h o lid a y __________________________________________
5 h o lid a y s
_ __
________ .
5 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _______________________
6 h o lid a y s ________________________________________
6 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _______________________
6 h olid a y s plus 2 h a lf days _____________________
6 h o lid a y s plus 3 h a lf days _____________________
7 h olid a y s ________________________________________
7 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _______________________
7 h olid a y s plus 2 h a lf days _________ ____________
8 h olid a ys ________________________________________
8 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _______________________
9 h olid a y s ________________________________________
10 h o lid a y s _______________________________________
10 h olid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _____________________
11 h o lid a y s __________________ ..____________________
12 h olid a y s _______________________________________

1

(5 )
(5 )

-

-

1

12
8

12

3

3
4

5

-

1

-

1

47
5

58
9

2

16

1
22

2

-

31
27
-

3
3

2

( 5)

13
31

21

4

12

1

27

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

2

-

8

71

43

35
3

(5)
59

60
4
3
9
3
3
-

-

(5 )

0

1

-

8

_
16
3

1

2

2

-

0

9
5

-

3

(5)
16
(5)

-

22

6

4
58

1

75
-

1
1

2

-

1
1

14
(5 )

1

27
-

15
-

27
3

2
2

2
2

2

8

-

17

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

(5 )

-

30
_
_
_
_
_
-

"

'
T o ta l h o lid a y t i m e 6

12 days ____________________________________________
11 o r m o r e days _________________________________
I 0 V2 o r m o r e days _______________________________
10 o r m o r e days _________________________________
9 o r m o r e days __________________________________
8 V2 o r m o r e days ___________________ ___________
8 o r m o r e days __________________________________
7 V2 o r m o r e days _______________________________
7 o r m o r e days __________________________________
6 V2 o r m o r e days _______________________________
6 o r m o r e days __________________________________
5 V2 o r m o r e days ________________________________
5 o r m o r e days __________________________________
1 o r m o r e days

1

I n c lu d e s

d a ta

fo r

s e rv ic e s

2

F in a n c e ,

4

I n c lu d e s

5
6
w it h

T r a n s p o r ta tio n ,

3

L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
A l l c o m b in a tio n s o f fu ll an d

7

fu ll




days

d a ta

and

fo r

no

in

and

real

h a lf

real

e sta te

d ays,

5
8
10

28
34
85
88
99
99
99
99

to

th o se

o th e r

in d u s tr y

p u b lic

-

2

()
( 5)
3
3
25
34
97
97
100
100
100
100

28
40
40
67
68
99

1

5
29
35
80
88
100
100
100
100

99

100
100
100
100

d iv is io n s

sh ow n

1
1

-

1
1
2

2

2
23
23
98
98
98
99

3
3
19
20
92
92
100
100
100
100

20

21
81
81
97
97
97
98

_
_
3
5
34
37
81
84
100
100
100
100

_
17
26
26
53
54
97
97
98
98
100
100

1
1
1

4
4

4
4
7
16
24
24
89
98
100
100
100
100

_

_
_
_
_
_
_
30
30
88
88
88
92

s e p a r a te ly .

u tilit ie s .

e sta te .
and

h a lf
6

and

-

0

1

a d d itio n

c o m m u n ic a tio n ,

in s u r a n c e ,

(5 )

fu ll

se rv ic e s
d a y s th a t
days

and

in

a d d it io n

a d d to
2

h a lf

th e

to

th o se

sam e

d ays,

5

in d u s tr y

am ount are
fu ll

days

d iv is io n s

c o m b in e d ;

ahd

4

h a lf

sh ow n
fo r

d ays,

s e p a r a te ly .

e x a m p le ,
and

so

th e p r o p o r t io n
on.

P r o p o r tio n s

of

w ork ers

w ere

th e n

r e c e iv in g

a

c u m u la te d .

to ta l

of

7 days

in c lu d e s

th o se

19
Table B-5.

Paid Vacations

( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f o f f i c e a n d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s a n d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y
p r o v i s i o n s , P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a r y 1 963)
OFFICE WORKERS

V a ca tio n p o lic y

A ll w o r k e r s

-----------------------------------------------------------

All
industries1

100

Manufacturing

Public
utilities

2

PLANT WORKERS

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Finance

3

All
.
industries*

Manufacturing

Public
utilities

2

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100
100
-

100
100
-

100
100
-

100
100
-

100
100
-

100
94
5

100
92
7
1
( 5)

100
100
-

100
100
-

100
10C
-

8
8
_

M ethod o f paym ent
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro vid in g
p aid v a c a tio n s ---------------------------------------------------L e n g t h -o f-t im e paym en t -------------------------------P e r c e n t a g e p aym en t _________________________
F la t -s u m paym en t ____________________________
O th er -----.-----------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro vid in g
no paid v a c a tio n s _______________________________

99
99
(5)
-

0

( 5)
■

”

A m oun t o f v a c a tio n pay 6

A ft e r 6 m onths o f s e r v ic e
U nder 1 w eek _____________________________________
1 w eek _____________________________________________
O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s _______________________
2 w eek s ------------------------------------------------------------------

3
40
17
1

4
52
13
1

_
28
10
-

"6
39
9
-

19
2
78
1

10
4
87
-

61
1
37
-

72
-

5
3
91
2

6
94
-

6
19
75
-

2
(5)
95
3

2
97
1

2
( 5)
95
3

3
6
I
-

2
3
1
-

3
21
_

-

_
21
44
3

-

8
19
3
-

51
49
-

_
95
5

88
4
8
( 5)

93
4
2
( 5)

93
2
5
-

58
_
42
-

72
_
28
-

93
-

4
1
95
-

_
95
5

67
12
20
1

83
13
4
( 5)

40
5
55
-

35
8
56
-

26
7
67
-

4
1
95
-

2
91
7

2
1
98
-

_
95
5

17
27
55
1

21
37
42
( 5)

6
3
91
-

3
8
89
-

8
2
89
-

2
_
97
1

4
1
95
-

2
91
7

2
1
98
-

.
95
5

15
27
57
1

19
37
43
( 5)

6
3
91
-

3
8
89
-

6
2
92

_
_
96
1
3

_
100
-

_
93
7

1
97
_

_
91
9

1
1
94
3
1

_
1
95
3
1

_
100
_

3
97

90

■

-

5

10
26
-

-

A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek _____________________________________________
O v er 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------2 w eek s __________________ _________________________
O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _______________________

28
;

A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 m p p Ic
/
O v er 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s __
2 w eek s ---------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _______________________

-

7
-

A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek _____________________________________________
O v er 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ______________ ______
2 w eek s ^ -----------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w ee k s _______________________
A ft e r 4 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek _____________________________ _____________
O v er 1 and un d er 2 w ee k s
2 w eek s ____________________________________________
O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w ee k s

_

A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek -------------------------------------------- ----------------------O ver 1 and un d er 2 w ee k s
______ __ ___
2 w eek s ------------------------------------------ ---- -------------- ---O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ____
3 w eek s _______________________________ ;____________

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le .




( 5)
94
4
2

_

1

_

5

20
Table B-5.

Paid Vacations— Continued

( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f o f f i c e an d p la n t w o r k e r s in a l l in d u s t r i e s an d in in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s b y v a c a t i o n p a y
p r o v i s i o n s , P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n u a r y 196 3)
OFFICE WORKERS

V a ca tio n p o lic y

All
,
industries

1
2

Manufacturing

Public ,
utilities

c

Wholesale
trade

PLANT WORKERS

Retail trade

Finance

3
4

All
industries

4

Manufacturing

Public ,
utilities^

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

A m ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 6— Continued

A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek _____________________________________________ ______________
O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks --------------------------------------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and under 3 w eek s ------------------------------------------------3 w eek s ______________________________________________________ _____
O v e r 3 and u nd er 4 w ee k s ------------------------------ — —

(5)
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

1
-

_
-

42
29
28
-

60
3
37
-

80
8
12
-

_

_

_

1

_

-

-

-

67
_

32
-

62
4
29
5

( !)
(5)
34
21
42
2

_

-

55
16
28
1

_

1
22
29
46
2

_
-

_

3

-

-

51
9
40
-

41
-

_

_

3

-

-

66
3
31
-

56
_

A fte r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v er 1 and under 2 w eek s _______________________________
2 w eek s ------------------------------------------------------------------- — -------------O v e r 2 and under 3 w eek s _______________________________
3 w eek s ---------------- ----------------------------------------------- --------------------O v er 3 and u nd er 4 w eek s _______________________________

(5)
39
10
49
2

29
12
57
1

59
3
34
4

65
22
14
-

35
-

22
4
70
5

65
-

_

(5)
27
27
43
2

1
14
36
47
2

62
3
31
4

36
15
49

-

1

55
-

43
-

A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1 w eek
O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w eek s ------------------------------ -------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and u nd er 3 w ee k s _______________________________
3 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v er 3 and u n d er 4 w ee k s ------------------------------------------------4 w eek s --------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------

5
(5)
92
2
1

_

_

_

1

_

-

(5)

-

-

-

-

2

1

8

2

9

-

_

-

_

-

95
4
-

92

98

-

-

-

-

95
2
1

87
5
-

( !)
(5)
4
(5)
89
4
1

3

_

_

_

1
1

-

-

-

1

7

8

-

-

-

-

93

89

91
5
2

95
4
-

-

-

-

-

_

_

3

-

-

A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
(5)

?.

4
74
1
21
(5)

<»<»lr .Q
==

3 w eek s ----------- — — ------------ ------------------ ----O v e r 3 and under 4 w eek s ---------------- ------- ----4 w eek s ____________________________________________
O v er 4 w eeks ------------------------------------------- ----------

_

_

_

1

_

-

1 w eek ------------------------------------------------------ -----------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w eek s -------------------------------------------------

_

-

-

-

1
55

6
84
5
6
-

2
66
1
31
(5)

1
91

8
83

-

-

8
-

9
-

-

43
-

( !)
(5)
3
74
2
18
2

_

1
1
79
3
15
2

1
77

7
75

-

5
52

-

-

-

22
-

18
-

40
-

A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
1
O v er 1 and under 2 w eek s ----------------------------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 w eek s ---------------- -------------------------------, --------------------- -------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w eek s ------------------------------------------------4 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w eek s -------- -----------------------------------------------------------------

4
37
16
42
1

_

_

-

(5)

_

2
15
29
53
1

1
26
2
71

_

1

-

_

8
58
7
27

1
43
_

55

_
-

6
78
5
12

(*)
(5)
3
22
20
52
3

_

1
1
14
28
53
3

_
-

1
30
2
67

_
-

7
46

3
-

5
43

-

_

47

49

1 In clu d es data f o r s e r v ic e s in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a r a te ly .
2 T ra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s .
3 F in a n ce, in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e sta te .
4 In clu des data f o r r e a l estate and s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly .
5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t.
6 In clu des paym en ts o th e r than "le n g th o f tim e , " su ch as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual e a rn in g s o r fla t -s u m paym en ts, c o n v e r te d to an e q u iv a len t tim e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le,
a paym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in gs w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay.
P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r il y r e f l e c t the in divid u al
p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s .
F o r e x a m p le , the ch an ges in p r o p o r t io n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e includ e chan ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r i n g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s .
E s tim a te s a r e cu m u la tiv e .
Thus, the p r o p o r t io n r e c e iv in g 3 w e e k s ' pay o r m o r e a fte r 5 y e a r s in clu d e s th o s e who r e c e iv e 3 w e e k s' pay o r m o r e a ft e r fe w e r y e a r s o f s e r v ic e .




21
Table B-6.

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

(P e r c e n t o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s e m p lo y e d in e sta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g
health, in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n b e n e fits , 1 P itts b u rg h , P a ., January 1963)
2
OFFICE WORKERS..

T y p e o f b e n e fit

PLANT WORKERS

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

Manufacturing

Public
utilities J

Wholesale
trade

Retail trade

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

98

95

95

95

36

39

62

72

100

97

99

94

91

91

42

44

36

40

51

87

94

75

84

70

94

76

93

S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce ________
S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no
w aitin g p e r io d ) ---------------------------------------S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay o r
w aiting p e r io d ) __________________________

50

73

8

99

69

81

87

59

69

12

86

98

24

69

70

81

71

46

76

22

76

7

1

22

27

4

23

-

24

2

11

-

4

1

31

7

H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u r a n c e ___________________
S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ----------------------------------------M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ___________________________
C a ta s tro p h e in s u r a n c e _______________________
R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n __________________________
No health , in s u r a n c e , o r p en sion plan _____

81
79
57
53
85
1

4

99
99
78
44
93
( 7)

74
74
68
88
72

76
75
43
27
67
3

93
93
23
22
74
5

50
38
25
73
93

95
95
49
20
86
1

99
99
47
16
94

81
81
63
74
66

86
83
70
25
82
7

87
87
39
5
70
9

Manufacturing

100

100

L ife in s u r a n c e _______________________________
A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t
in s u r a n c e ____________________________________
S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce o r
s ic k le a v e o r b o t h 6 ________________________

97
44

A ll w o r k e r s ______________________________________

4

All
industries

AH
,
industries

5

Public ,
utilities

Finance

3

W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts providin g:

1 Includes those plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compensation, social
security, and railroad retirement.
2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately,
3 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.
4 Finance, insurance, and real estate.
5 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
6 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are limited to those which definitely
establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded.
7 Less than 0.5 percent.







Appendix: Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its
field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll
titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is
essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content.
Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the
Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those
prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in­
structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time,
temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE
BILLER, MACHINE

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other
than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as
to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental
to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are
classified by type of machine, as follows:

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott
Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without
a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
C la ss A—
Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of
and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with
the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines
proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used
in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal­
ance sheets, and other records by hand.

B iller, m achine (hilling m achine)—U s e s a special billing ma­
chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in­
voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders,
shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede­
termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma­
chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of
the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

C la ss B —Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of
a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book­
keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in­
ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

B ille r , m achine (b o o k k eep in g m achine)—Uses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’
bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in­
volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec­
ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number
of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically
the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book­
keeping.
Works from uniform and standard types of sales and
credit slips.




CLERK, ACCOUNTING
C la ss A—
Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account­
ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com­
plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish­
ment’s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts

23

24
C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G -C o n tin u e d

payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac­
counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in
making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing,
adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac­
counting clerks.
C la ss B —Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac­
counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac­
counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con­
trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data.
This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book­
keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several
workers.

CLERK, FILE
C la ss A— an established filing system containing a number
In
of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material
such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May
also file this material. May keep records of various types in con­
junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file
clerks.

B—
Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim­
ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer
subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference
aids.
As requested locates clearly identified material in files
and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required
to maintain and service files.
C la ss

CLE R K , ORDER

Receives customers'orders for material or merchandise by mail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any com bin ation o f the fo llo w in g :
Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items
to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be
filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of
customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders
to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check
shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces­
sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers'
earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated
data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, work­
ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due.
May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis­
tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema­
tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis­
tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp­
tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance
of other duties.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
C—
Performs routine filing of material that has already
been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial
classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer­
ical).
As requested, locates readily available material in files
and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per­
forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and
service files.
C la ss




Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi­
bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter,
using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such
as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to
prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto
masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material.

25

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
C la s s

A—
Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina­

tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu­
ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower
level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of
coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example,
locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts
information from several documents; and searches for and interprets
information on the document to determine information to be punched.
May train inexperienced operators.

C la s s 6 —
Under close supervision or following specific proce­
dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to
punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com­
bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May
verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents,
follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed
in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting
data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes,
missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera­
ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis­
tributing mail, and other minor clerical work.

SECRETARY
Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an
administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint­
ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and




SECRETARY— Continued
making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential
mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking
dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand
or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the
recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare
special reports or memorandums for information of superior.

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a
normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from
written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other
relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool.
Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine
operator.)

STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var­
ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or
reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type
from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.

OR

Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater
independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi­
denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic
speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi­
ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations,
organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc.
Uses this
knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical
tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for
reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general
instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine
questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.

26

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard.
Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office
calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information
to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For
workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued
C la ss C —Operates simple tabulating or electrical account­
ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc.,
with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams
and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a
work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re­
petitive operations.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi­
tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type
or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing
or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at
switchboard.
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR
C la s s A—
Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac­
counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu­
lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com­
plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs
difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating
assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re­
ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring
some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more
experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera­
tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring
from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports,
D o e s not in clu d e working supervisors performing tabulating-machine
operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production
of a group of tabulating-machine operators.
C la s s B —Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac­
counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition
to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under
specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir­
ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu­
lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but
small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report.
Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where
the procedures are well established. May also include the training
of new employees in the basic operation of the machine.




TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou­
tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from
written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation
involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal
briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who
takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is
classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to
make out bills after calculations have been made by another person.
May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in'
duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special
training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or
sorting and distributing incoming mail.

C la ss A—
Performs on e or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Typing ma­
terial in final form when it involves combining material from several
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc­
tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma­
terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical
tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type
routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.

C la ss B —Performs on e or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol­
icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying
more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.

27

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued

DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR
(Assistant draftsman)
Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts­
man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings
from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction
of a draftsman.

completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan­
tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in
drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil
drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings.
Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec­
trical, mechanical, or structural drafting.

DRAFTSMAN, LEADER
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep­
aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary
sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Duties involve a com bin a tion o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting blueprints,
sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures;
assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per­
forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer­
gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a
supervisory or administrative nature.
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR
Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough
or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing
purposes. Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Preparing
working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by
use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as
those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying

A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured
employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the
premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a com bin a­
tion o f the fo llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to
subsequent dressing of employees9 injuries; keeping records of patients
treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes;
conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants
and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health
education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other
activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.
TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing
tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses
T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw­
ings and do simple lettering.

MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main­
tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim
made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g :
Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or
verbal instructions; using a variety^of carpenter’ s handtools, portable

power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop
computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials
necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car­
penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.




28

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE

HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES

Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis­
tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work
involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or repairing any of a variety
of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards,
controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems,
or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay­
out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec­
trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to
load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety
of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In
general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train­
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.

Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping
a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma­
chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools;
and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The
kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade:
In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding
materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per­
mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade
that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis.

ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation
of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup­
ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera­
tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining
equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors,
turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and
boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record
of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May
a lso supervise these operations. H ea d or c h i e f e n g in eers in e s ta b li s h ­

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages,
jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring
complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre­
cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and
operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation
to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec­
ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper
coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study
purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.

m ents em p loyin g more than one en g in eer are e x clu d ed .

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water
and safety valve.
May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom
equipment.




Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of
metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work
involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions and
specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma­
chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and
operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler­
ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of
work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working

29

M A C H IN IST, M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d

M ILLW RIG H T

properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts,
and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts
into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally
requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout
are required. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying
out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a
variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re­
lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining
and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and
parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general,
the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi­
ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.

MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es­
tablishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Examining automotive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle
and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto­
motive mechanic requires rounded training and- experience usually ac­
quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment.
Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Examining machines and mechan­
ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis­
mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of
handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective
parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re­
placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine
shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs
or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling
machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen­
eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva­
lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are
workers whose prim ary d u tie s involve setting up or adjusting machines.




OILER
Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur­
faces of. mechanical equipment of an establishment.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es­
tablishment. Work in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of surface pecu­
liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush.
May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain
proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance
painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g :
Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw­
ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to
correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe­
cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by
hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings

30

P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d

S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E -C o n tin u e d

and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat­
ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard
tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general
the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva­
lent training and experience. Workers prim arily e n g a g e d in in sta llin g and

types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in
cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing
sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance
sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeshio or equivalent training and
experience.

repairing building sa n ita tion or heating s y s t e m s are e x c lu d e d .

TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker;

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of
vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and
fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake.
In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train­
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an
establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and lay­
ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints,
models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available

Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix­
tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work
involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work from
models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas­
uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common
metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related
equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal
parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve
required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling
of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro­
priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die
maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom
practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers
in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER

GUARD

Transports passengers between floors of an office building
apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment.
Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as
those of starters and janitors are excluded.

Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour,
maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. I n c lu d e s g a te -




men w ho are s ta tio n ed at gate and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p l o y e e s and
oth er p e r so n s en terin g.

31

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

PACKER, SHIPPING

(Sweeper; charwomen; janitress)
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial
or other establishment.

Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g :

Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish­
ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte­
nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work­
ers who specialize in window washing are excluded.

Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of items in shipping containers and may in v o lv e on e or more o f
the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify
content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting
enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels
or entering identifying data on container.
P a c k e r s who a ls o make
w ood en b o x e s or cra tes are e x c lu d ed .

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon­

A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store,
or other establishment whose duties involve o n e 'o r more o f the fo llo w ing:

Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or

from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv­
ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location;
and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel­
barrow. L o n g sh o r e m e n , who load and unload sh ip s are e x c lu d e d .

sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials.
ping work i n v o lv e s :

routes,

Ship­

A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices,

available means of transportation and rates; and preparing

records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight
and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records.
direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment.
work in v o l v e s :

May

R e c e iv in g

Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct­

ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records;
checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan­
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)

dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary
records and files.

Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus­
tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders
and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders
requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and
perform Other related duties.




For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
R e c e iv in g clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and r e c e iv in g clerk

32

TRUCKDRIVER

TRUCKER, POWER

Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport
terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab­
lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,
wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments
and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload
truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep
truck in good working order. D riv er*sa lesm en and o v e r -th e -r o a d drivers

Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.

are e x c lu d ed .

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size
and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on
the basis of trailer capacity.)

For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of
truck, as follows:

Trucker, p o w er (fork lift)
Trucker, p o w e r (oth er than fo rk lift)

T ru ckdriver (com bin ation o f s i z e s li s t e d s e p a r a te ly )
Truckdriver, ligh t (under 1% ton s)

WATCHMAN

Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 to n s)
Truckdriver, h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s, trailer ty p e )
Truckdriver, h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s, oth er than trailer ty p e )




Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property
against fire, theft, and illegal entry.