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- ' Occupational Wage Survey ATLANTA, GEORGIA MAY 1962 Bulletin No. 1 3 0 3 - 6 5 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STA TISTIC S Ewan Clogue, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey ATLANTA, GEORGIA MAY 1962 Bulletin No. 1303-65 August 1962 UNITED STA TES DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STA TISTIC S Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 30 cents Contents Preface Page The L abor M arket O ccupational Wage Survey P rogra m The Bureau of L abor Statistics annually conducts occupational wage su rveys in 82 labor m arkets. The studies provide data on occupational earnings and related supplem entary benefits. A p relim in ary report furnishing trend data and average earnings is relea sed within a month of the com p letion of each study. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the p relim in ary report. Two bulletins, bringing together the results of all of the area su rveys, are issu ed after com pletion of the final area bulletin in the current round of surveys. The fir s t of these bulletins w ill be available late in 1962 and the other e a rly in 1963. During the survey year, sum m ary re le a se s presenting areaw ide occupational earnings data for 25 to 30 labor m ark ets, are issued as data becom e available. This bulletin was prepared in the B ureau's r e gional o ffice in Atlanta, G a ., by James D. Garland, under the d irection of Donald M. Cruse. The study was under the general d ire ctio n o f Louis B. Woytych, A ssistant R egional D ire cto r fo r W ages and Industrial Relations. Introduction ______________________________________________________________ Wage trends for selected occupational groups __________________________ 1 4 T ables: 1. E stablishm ents and w ork ers within scope of survey _____________ 2. P ercen ts of in crea se in standard w eekly sa la ries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups ______________________________________________ 3. Indexes of standard w eekly sa la ries and straight-tim e hourly earnings fo r selected occupational groups, and percen ts o f change for selected p eriod s __________________ A: Occupational earnings:* A - l . O ffice occupations— en and wom en ------------------------------------m A -2 . P ro fe ssio n a l and technical occupations— men and wom en _________________________________________________ A -3 . O ffice, p rofession a l, and technical occupations— en and wom en com bined ____________________ m A -4 . Maintenance and power plant occupations ___________________ A -5 . Custodial and m aterial m ovem ent occupations _____________ B: 3 5 5 6 10 11 13 14 Establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary wage p rovision s:* B - l . Shift differentials ____________________________________________ 16 B -2. Minimum entrance salaries for wom en office w ork ers ___ 17 B -3. Scheduled w eekly hours _____________________________________ 18 B -4 . Paid holidays _______________________________________________ 19 B -5 . Paid vacations ______________________________________________ 20 B -6 . Health, insurance, and pension plans _____________________ 22 Appendixes: A. B. Changes in occupational descrip tion s ____________________________ Occupational d escrip tion s _________________________________________ * NOTE: Sim ilar tabulations are available in previous area rep orts for Atlanta and fo r other m ajor a rea s, A d ir e c to r y indicating the area s, dates o f study, and p rice s o f these rep orts is available upon request. Current reports on occupational earnings and supplem entary wage p r a c tices are available for con tra ct cleaning se r v ic e s (June 1961) and paints and v a r nishes (May 1961). Union s c a le s , indicative o f prevailing pay le v e ls , are also available fo r the follow ing trades o r industries: Building con stru ction, printing, lo ca l-tra n s it operating em p loyees, and m otortru ck d riv ers and h elp ers. iii 23 25 Occupational Wage Survey—Atlanta, Ga. Introduction to the work schedules (rounded to the n earest half hour) fo r which stra igh t-tim e sa la rie s are paid; average weekly earnings fo r these occupations have been rounded to the n earest half d olla r. This a rea is 1 o f 82 labor m arkets in which the U .S . D e partment o f L a b o r 's Bureau o f L abor Statistics has conducted s u r veys o f occu pation al earnings and related wage benefits on an a re a wide b a s is . In this a rea , data w ere obtained by personal v isits of Bureau field econ om ists to representative establishm ents within six broad industry d iv ision s: M anufacturing; transportation, com m u n ica tion, and other public u tilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, in su ran ce, and rea l estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor industry groups excluded fro m these studies are governm ent operations and the c o n stru ction and e x tra ctiv e industries. Establishm ents having few er than a p r e s crib e d num ber of w ork ers are om itted also becau se they tend to furnish in su fficien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied to warrant in clu sion . Separate tabulations are provided fo r each o f the broad industry d ivision s which m eet publication c r ite r ia . A verage earnings of men and wom en are presented separately fo r se le cte d occupations in which both sex es are com m on ly em ployed. D ifferen ces in pay lev els of m en and wom en in these occupations are la rg e ly due to (1) d iffe re n ces in the distribution o f the sexes among industries and establish m en ts; (2) d ifferen ces in s p e cific duties p e r fo rm e d , although the occupations are appropriately c la s s ifie d within the same su rvey job d escrip tion ; and (3) d ifferen ces in length o f s e r v ic e o r m e rit review when individual sa la ries are adjusted on this b a s is . L onger average se r v ic e o f men would resu lt in higher average pay when both sexes are em ployed within the same rate range. Job d escrip tion s used in cla ssify in g em p loyees in these su rveys are usu ally m ore gen era lized than those used in individual establishm ents to allow fo r m inor d iffe re n ces among establishm ents in sp ecific duties p e rfo rm e d . T hese su rveys are conducted on a sample b asis because o f the u n n ecessary c o s t involved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain optim um a ccu ra cy at m inim um co s t, a greater proportion o f large than o f sm all establish m en ts is studied. In com bining the data, how e v e r, all establish m en ts are given their appropriate weight. E stim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presented, th e re fo re , as r e lating to all establish m en ts in the industry grouping and area , e x cept fo r those below the m inimum size studied. O ccupational em ploym ent estim ates rep resen t the total in all establishm ents within the scop e o f the study and not the number actu ally su rveyed. B ecause o f d ifferen ces in occupational structure among establish m en ts, the estim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained fr o m the sam ple o f establishm ents studied serve only to indicate the rela tive im portance o f the job s studied. These d ifferen ces in o c c u pational structure do not m a teria lly affect the a ccu ra cy o f the earn ings data. O ccupations and Earnings The occu pation s se le cte d fo r study are com m on to a variety o f m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. O ccupational c la s sifica tion is based on a uniform set of job d escription s designed to take account o f in terestablishm ent variation in duties within the same jo b . (See appendix fo r listing o f these d e s crip tio n s.) Earnings data are presen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tables) for the follow ing types o f o c c u pations: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p rofession al and technical; (c) m ainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and m aterial m ovem ent. E stablishm ent P r a c tic e s and Supplementary Wage P ro v isio n s Inform ation is presented (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on selected establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary benefits as they relate to o ffic e and plant w o rk e rs. The con cep t "o ffice w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin, includes working su p erv isors and nonsupervisory w ork ers p erform in g c le r ic a l o r related functions, and excludes admin istra tiv e , execu tive, and p rofession a l p erson nel. "Plant w o rk e rs" in clude working forem en and all n on su p ervisory w ork ers (including lead m en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A dm inistrative, execu tive, and p rofession a l em p loyees, and fo r c e -a c c o u n t construction em p loyees who are u tilized as a separate w ork fo r c e are excluded. C a feteria w ork ers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing indus tr ie s , but are included as plant w ork ers in nonmanufacturing industries. O ccupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown fo r fu ll-tim e w o rk e rs, i . e . , those h ired to work a regular weekly sch ed ule in the given occupational cla ss ifica tio n . Earnings data exclude prem ium pay fo r ov ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. N onproduction bonuses are excluded a lso , but c o s t - o f living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are rep orted , as fo r o ffice c le r ic a l occu pation s, r e fe re n ce is 1 2 Shift differential data (table B -l) are limited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in terms of (a) estab lishment policy,1 presented in terms of total plant worker employ ment, and (b) effective practice, presented in terms of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a majority was used or, if no amount applied to a majority, die clas sification "other" was used. In establishments in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a majority of the shift hours. Minimum entrance salaries (table B-2) relate only to the establishments visited. They are presented in terms of establish ments with formal minimum salary policies. The scheduled hours (table B-3) of a majority of the firstshift workers in an establishment are tabulated as applying to all of the plant or office workers of that establishment. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans (tables B-4 through B-6) are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a majority of such workers are eli gible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed. Sums of individual items in tables B-3 through B-6 may not equal totals be cause of rounding. The first part of the paid holidays table (table B-4) presents the number of whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday time. The summary of vacation plans (table B-5) is limited to for mal policies, excluding informal arrangements whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer. Separate estimates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation pay, pay ments not on a time basis were so converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week's pay. Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans (table B-6) for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen's compen sation, social* security, and railroad retirement. Such plans include those underwritten by a commercial insurance company and those pro vided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,2 plans are included only if the employer (1) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick-leave plans are limited to formal plans3 which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker's pay during absence from work because of illness. Separate tabulations are presented according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans which provide either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. Catastrophe insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors' fees. Such plans may be underwritten by commer cial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured. Tabulations of retirement pension plans are limited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the worker's life. 2 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 3 An establishment was considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave that 1 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met could be expected by each employee. Such a plan need not be written, either of the following conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time but informal sick-leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts. were excluded. 3 Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Atlanta* Ga. , 1 by major industry division,2 May 1962 Industry division Minimum employment in establish ments in scope of study Number of establishments Workers in establishments Within scope of study Within scope of study1 3 2 Studied Studied Total4 Office Plant Total4 _ All divisions .. ______ ........._________ _________ ____ _ 50 834 225 181,000 36,300 112,400 109,680 _______ _________________ Manufacturing ____ .. .. Nonmanufacturing ________ ..........____ _ .......______ Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 5 __ 7 6 ____ __ Wholesale trade - n . _______ _______. ______ T Retail trade ______________ ___ ______________ ._______ Finance, insurance, and real estate __ _____________ _ S e rv ice .’ ---------------------------------------------------------------- 50 50 279 555 69 156 72,700 108,300 7,500 28,800 53,000 59.400 44,940 64,740 50 50 50 50 50 83 138 156 92 86 31 34 35 30 26 33,100 16,700 32, 500 16,000 10,000 6,500 5,700 4,700 10,800 (8) 18,600 8,400 23,800 6800 (#) 25,650 6,550 18,420 9,830 4,290 1 The Atlanta Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of Clayton, Cobb, DeKalb, Fulton, and Gwinnett Counties. The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. 2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the transfer of milk pasteurization plants and ready-mixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manu facturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities division. 3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum-size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance,auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. 4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 5 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. 6 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only. 7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services. 8 This industry division is represented in estimates for "all industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables. Separate presentation of data for this division isnot made for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too small to provide enough data to merit separate study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, and (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data. 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are percents of change in salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the per cents of change relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight-time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for over time and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The per centages are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The of fice clerical data are based on men and women in the following 19 jobs: Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B; clerks, accounting, class A and B; clerks, file, class A, B, and C; clerks, order; clerks, pay roll; Comptometer operators; keypunch operators, class A and B; office boys and girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; stenogra phers, senior; switchboard operators; tabulating-machine operators, class B; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on men and women industrial nurses. Men in the following 8 skilled maintenance jobs and 2 unskilled jobs were included in the plant worker data: Skilled— carpenters; electricians; machinists; me chanics; mechanics, automotive; painters; pipefitters; and tool and die makers; unskilled—janitors, porters, and cleaners; and laborers, material handling. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average sal aries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by the average employ ment in the job during the period surveyed in 1961. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an ag gregate for each occupational group. Finally, the ratio of these group aggregates for the one year to the aggregate for the other year was computed and the difference between the result and 100 is the percent of change from the one period to the other. The percent of change measures, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, force expan sions, force reductions, and changes in the proportions of workers employed by establishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force expansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and result in a drop in the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. The movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other area establishments. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effects of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the percents of change influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. The above text represents the method used in computing a new trend series (table 2). This series initiated with the expansion of the labor market wage survey programs to 82 areas will replace the old series (1953 base) shown in table 3. Changes in the jobs surveyed and job descriptions since the start of the old series called for a reexamination of the jobs and job groupings for which trends were to be computed. The new series covers the same job groupings as the earlier series with the following exceptions: The women clerical group is replaced by an office clerical group (men and women) and the industrial nurse category includes both men and women. Changes were also made in the jobs included within job group ings in order that an identical list could be employed in all areas. 5 Table 2. Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Atlanta, G a., May 1961 to May 1962, and June I960 to May 1961 Industry and occupational group Ms*y 1961 to May 1962 All industries: Office clerical (men and women) ____ ____ _ _ Industrial nurses (men and women) ____________ ______ Skilled maintenance (men) -------- --------------- ------------- ... Unskilled plant (men) — _______ ______________________ _ 3. 1 4.7 4. 1 6.4 3.7 1. 1 3.6 2.7 Manufacturing: Office clerical (men and women) ---------- --- —---- «_ Industrial nurses (men and w o m e n )---------- ------ ------ ---Skilled maintenance (men) _ . . . . . . Unskilled plant (men) __________________________ _____ 4.4 6. 0 3.5 7.6 2.9 1.5 3. 3 4. 1 June 1960 to May 1961 Table 3. Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Atlanta, G a., May 1961 and May 1962, and percents of change for selected periods in d e xe s M a rch 1953=100 P e r c e n t s o f change 1 fr o m — M ay 1962 M ay 1961 M ay 1961 to M ay 1962 1 4 0 .9 1 51 .9 14 6 .8 1 50 .8 136.6 145 .0 141 .4 142.1 3 .1 4 .7 3 .8 6 .1 3 .1 1.1 3 .4 2 .0 145 .6 1 5 7 .0 143 .8 153 .5 138 .0 148.1 138.7 142.7 5 .5 6 .0 3 .7 7 .5 2 .6 1 .5 3. 3 3 .9 In d u stry and o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p June I960 to M ay 1961 M a y 1959 to June I960 M ay 1958 to M ay 1959 A p r il 1957 to M ay 1958 A p r il 1956 to A p r il 1957 M a r c h 1955 to A p r il 1956 M a r c h 1954 to M a r c h 1955 M a rch 1953 to M a rch 1954 A ll in d u s t r ie s : In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s (w om en ) U n sk illed p lan t (m an) _ M a n u factu rin g: O ffic e c le r i c a l (w om en ) S k illed m a in ten an ce (m en ) U n sk illed plan t (m en ) 1 2 --------------- ------ . . . . . __ 4 .4 4 .4 4 .0 1 .6 5 .9 5 .4 3. 1 2- l . 0 3 .9 4 .7 4 .0 1 .0 5 .6 5 .5 6 .2 5 .6 3 .4 3 .8 4. 3 4 .9 6. 3 9 .0 5 .4 13.6 2 .2 4 .3 2 .9 1 .8 3 .0 5 .3 5 .3 5 .9 2 .5 5 .1 3 .4 2 .1 6 .8 6 .0 6 .8 7 .3 5 .0 5 .0 3 .9 6 .6 4 .4 8 .8 5 .0 1 1 .4 1 .9 4 .3 3 .1 1 .7 3 .8 4 .4 4 .9 4 .9 Unless otherwise indicated, all are increases. Decline reflects the exclusion of some higher paid workers because of changes in duties since previous survey. A: Occupational Earnings 6 Table A-L Office Occupations—Men and Women (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) A vnuos Sex, occupation, and industry division N m er ub o 1 w orked NUMBER OF WORKER8 RECEIVING 8TRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $ t t » $ I 1 1 s *40.00 *45.00 *50.00 *55.00 *60.00 *65.00 *70.00 75.00 80.00 *85.00 9 0 .0 0 95.00 1 0 0 .0 0 *05.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 a s s * and and (S n ard) (S n a ) under Ud ta d rd 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 mo.no 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 over Men Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ___ ___ _ . ..... — 27 39.5 $67.50 Clerks, accounting, class A . Manufacturing ...—________________ Nonmanufacturing — — Public utilities * _______________ Wholesale trade ----------------------Finance 3 ___ _____ __ __ _______ Clerks, accounting, class B _____ Manufacturing-----------------------------Nonmanufacturing —______________ Public utilities * _______________ Wholesale tr a d e _______________ 399 13$ 260 82 142 27 439 71 368 41 238 . 39.5 104.50 46.6 1 6 6 . 6 0 39.5 104.00 39.0 107.00 40.0 105.00 39.0 92.50 40.0 83.00 46.6 81.50 40.0 83.00 39.5 90.00 39.5 85.50 • . . . _ . . . 4 4 - . 1 67 67 39.5 39.5 61.50 61.50 4 4 Clerks, order ---------------------------------Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------Wholesale trade ---------------------------Clerks, payroll __ ___ __ _ ___ Manufacturing . . . . Nonmanufacturing — ~ — 199 48 151 151 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.5 85.50 87.50 85.00 85. 00 95.50 _ Duplicating-machine operators (Mimeograph or Ditto) ------------------------Nonmanufacturing _ ___. . . . . . Office b o y s ____ Nonmanufacturing — ______ ________ Public utilities2 Wholesale tr a d e ----------------------Finance3 -------------------------------- Tabulating-machine operators, ClaSS A ■i,.r..~».r" — --■-,r.r-r -,.-1r--,„r-r .T T Nonmanufacturing------------------ ------Public utilities 2 _________ Wholesale trade ----------------------Finance3 -------------------------------Tabulating-machine operators, class B . Manufacturing — -----------------Nonmanufacturing_______________ ____ ___ Public utilities 2 ______________________ Wholesale tr a d e ---------------------------Finance3 --------------------------------------- 86 . - 38. 5 38.5 63.50 63.56 214 191 46 39.0 39.0 38.5 39.0 39.0 58. 50 58.00 68.50 56.50 53.50 . - 7 7 . 3 6 10 6 3 . 1 1 7 18 ? 25 14 11 2 2 11 7 41 3 38 3 31 4 2 - 1 - 1 . - . 1 1 27 47 14 33 2 25 ' i 6 . 6 4? 1 42 5 3 6? a 48 4 43 - . 1 1 35 35 - - 2 20 7 6 22 3 11 11 20 20 8 8 4 4 8 8 10 20 2 5 20 11 18 29 18 18 _ 5 5 9 9 28 28 2 6 t 3 3 18 18 23 19 4 1 • 1 10 10 1 1 - . - - - - 6 6 2 2 12 12 1 1 1 1 58 48 57 53 7 35 21 10 10 8 _ . - 13 10 1 1 35 67 29 38 6 25 2 11 2 - 11 2 33 23 9 14 14 27 1 22 12 1 11 11 7 • • . . - • * - 35 l3 27 13 14 34 21 28 8 2 6 8 1 14 22 13 9 17 17 17 10 24 13 8 2 12 15 - 1 4 4 - 11 2 6 - 6 - 4 7 4 1 7 13 6 2 2 2 6 ll - 9 4 5 — T i 2 - 8 - 9 1 2 2 1 5 2 5 5 5 - • 3 3 - - 15 14 14 2 2 2 _ - 2 1 1 - 19 7 - 8 2 6 3 1 6 6 1 15 15 4 - - - 1 2 - 1 1 3 208 44 164 41 56 52 39, 5_ 40.0 39.0 39.5 39.0 39.0 84.50 . - . 31 4 27 5 27 3 24 1 1 2 l 4 3 7 - - 13 30 - 4 3 7 1 - - 13 3 - - - - - 3 3 7 30 5 17 10 2 - 2 2 8 8 21 2o • 9 9 3 7 5 ■ 6 3 25 5 . - ■ 1 6 22 2 i - 74.50 71.00 69.50 55 6 30 4 5 - 39.5 39.6 38.5 1 38 13 19 4 65 17 48 6 2 . . - . - i 19 9 7 3 58 13 13 7 . - - • 39 3 3 7 . . 80.00 85.00 82.00 73.00 45 1 1 39.0 101.50 39.0 1 0 0 . 0 0 38.5 101.50 39.5 105.50 39.0 95.50 1 0 2 .0 0 . 21 7 - 1 8 7 7 5 5 - - - . - . - 16 15 4 40 39 4 32 3 12 14 9 11 1 10 10 5 3 2 - 5 1 1 - 2 2 2 1 2 . - 2 2 1 1 2 2 _ 7 5 - 2 1 - - - . - _ - _ - 1 - 4 4 3 5 1 2 3 - - - - 1 1 2 - - - - 1 11 17 12 10 22 10 2 1 10 149 131 34 46 29 Tabulating-machine operators, class C __________ _ _ . ----- 87 r T Nonmanufacturing__ ___ . Public utilities 2 __________________ 25 See footnotes at end of table. 8 . n ? io 1 0 1 .0 0 26 26 60 11 11 4 4 4 . - - 68 2 4 Clerks, file, class B 4 ______________ Nonmanufacturing------------------------- 49 37 • - 9 - - 11 10 6 7 7 l 1 8 8 8 4 4 3 3 3 15 13 2 1 2 - 6 4 3 11 1 10 1 30 18 1 8 10 4 1? 12 " 3 29 9 14 5 2 - ■ 13 11 2 4 5 3 3 3 8 2 7 5 4 12 2 2 3 - - ■ ” . - 8 7 5 _ • 17 14 5 _ - 5 1 2 1 - - 3 1 1 1 - 1 - 3 1 - - 1 - - - - - 1 1 - 1 1 - 6 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - . - - ■ “ ■ * ~ " - 7 Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) NUMBER 07 WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS O * F Anuai Sex, occupation, and industry division N ber um of w orker* * t S S S I S 1 1 I S W eeklv W eeklyj 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 *60.00 ^5.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 hoar** and (Standard) (Standard) 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.0Q_ 75.00 80.00 85.00 Q0.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 over Men— Continued T yp ists, cla s s B . . . ______ .. . P u blic utilities 2 _______ __________ 100 ..."■§7"' 87 40.0 40.0 40.0 $86.00 8 l5 0 87.50 . 12 16 10 7 2 2 14 11 8 19 21 16 13 13 6 7 22 10 12 10 19 r — 14 1 5 5 4 1 11 • 11 6 1 4 41 • 41 21 3 17 15 5 10 _ 2 8 5 44 5 . 5 44 6 4 34 5? 3 56 10 4 35 63 7 56 24 3 29 38 57 22 12 20 . . . . - 1 11 e a “ - - - - _ - 4 4 - i 7 - 9 6 - 4 4 12 . 12 — 2 r* 2 35 35 35 16 16 16 - - 12 3 12 " " l 12 - 3 _ _ - - “ 8 19 n r ~ ------ 5“ 14 8 - - - - _ _ _ - - - - - . . _ _ _ - - _ _ - _ - - Women B ille r s , m achine (billin g m achine) . . _ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale t r a d e ---------------------------- 105 85 40 39.5 39.5 40.0 70.00 B ille r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) . . . . . . . . _______ ________ M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 89 36 53 40.0 40.0 40.0 63.00 66.50 60.50 . - Bookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs, c la s s A ___ . ______ M anufacturing _______________________ N onmanuf a c t u r i n g __________ ________ W holesale t r a d e __________________ T?*ta4 t-ra m 1 A ......... .... .......... F in a n ce 3 __ __ 187 *9 148 48 33 67 66.6 39.5 40.0 40.0 39.0 73.00 T T So' 72.00 71.00 73.50 71.50 - - - - 401 64 317 131 29 141 40.0 46.6 40.0 40.0 40.5 39.5 66.50 HA 0 65.00 70.00 63.50 60.00 417 67 330 123 30 78 97 39.5 40.0 39.5 38.5 39.5 41.0 39.0 89.50 9160 87.50 98.50 92.50 79.00 79.50 1,474 39,0 70.00 19 39.0 38.0 40.0 40.5 39.0 69.50 71.50 79.50 64.50 60.50 19 3*039.0 39.0 75.50 7i.OO 68.50 - Bookkeeping-m achine op e ra to rs, c la s s B ________________________________ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale t r a d e ______ ___________ Retail trad* .......... ............. .... .. C lerk*, accounting, c la s s A _ __ Manufacturing . . . . . . ______ . . ______ Nonmanufacturing . . . P u blic u tilitie s 2 _________________ W holesale t r a d e __________________ Retail trade ____ . . ____ Finance3 _____ __ . Clerks, accounting, class B _ __ Manufacturing ___ _ _ Nonmanufacturing ------------------Public u tilitie s 2 - ________ Wholesale tra d e_______________ Retail t r a d e ___ Finance3 --------------------------------Clerks, file, class A 4 ____________ Nonmanufacturing . .. __ . . F in an ce5 _ C lerk s, file , class B 4 — - - Manufacturing ----------------------------Nonmanufacturing________________ Public utilities2 _______________ Wholesale tra de_______________ R etail trade _ ____ . .... . . Finance3 ----------------- ---------See footnotes at end of table. 26 1 1,256 363 320 196 332 124 105 57 401 33 368 42 8 8 42 191 4o.6 39*5 40.6 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.0 39.0 66.60 74.00 - - T 7 r1 2 f< 59.00 70.60 58.00 71.00 61.00 52.50 55.00 _ 5 1 13 8 8 - 8 38 1 37 _ _ 37 - 170 1 1 159 36 19 30 72 5 5 5 12 0 2 10 0 3 1 . . 1 218 16 11 32 3 29 10 19 . _ 1 231 55 176 22 0 81 2 0 2 2 8 26 64 6 83 6 2 0 l 2 0 9 8 15 105 5 10 0 2 19 4 53 3 50 8 . _ 1 - 9 . . _ . . 30 11 19 9 1 9 13 4 9 _ - - 1 3 . - . . . . . . 1 _ 3 3 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 36 9 27 8 12 7 - - 1 - - - - - - - 60 'S ' 52 33 8 13 22 7 15 10 21 " 1 5 .. 6 6 22 2 20 17 4 2 2 2 3 • 3 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 5 35 1 4 8 46 33 5 28 15 85 16 69 39 8 4 17 23 23 16 47 21 25 17 3 5 18 4 17 6 11 4 7 27 16 8 2 1 5 2 _ 2 2 2 _ 2 2 3 _ 3 3 _ _ . _ _ 32 16 22 1 9 12 1 3 - 46 2 4 12 28 _ 5 8 66 160 49 147 89 50 9 31 16 106 2 6 2 2 1 2 27 1 2 57 32 17 1 2 15 - 12 4 6 3? 6 33 7 37 6 14 8 7 62 55 26 9 13 5 " 8 . 6 2 - - _ _ . _ 5 175 a _ — V 1 2 0 2 l?f 124 13 2 1 3 12 26 2 2 2 2 5 J 12 7 13 2 2 22 1 2 1 0 1 6 2 4 6 6 2 6 _ 6 6 _ 5 ii i _ 5 2 8 1 2 97 0 33 1 2 1 " T 6 6 9 93 87 6 28 _ 8 5 19 75 82 4 7 1 0 2 _ 4 30 1 . 4 1 15 "" 1" 3 . 14 1 _ _ . 1 1 _ . 3 1 _ „ 3 1 _ - - 1 15 0 5 r —1 6 0 4 1 0 2 _ _ _ _ . • _ _ 6 3 ------ T -----1 2 4 2 1 2 1 18 ------ 5 13 13 _ - - - 6 _ 1 _ 1 1 „ 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ „ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ _ _ _ _ l _ —r _ _ _ _ _ 8 Table A-L Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, G a ., May 1962) Aej c i v bl h Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers 2 SS1 (Standard) (Standard) NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OP- $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S t * S ' S S * $ $ 40.00 45.00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 0 0 65. 00 70. 00 75.00 80.00 *85. 00 90.00 95.00 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 and and under 45. 00 50.00 55. 00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75. 00 80.00 85. 00 90.00 95.00 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00^ 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 over Women—Continued Clerks, file, class C 4 -------Nonmanufacturing ----------------- — ---Finance3 --------------------------------- 433 428 254 39.0 $51.00 39.0 51.00 38.5 50. 00 Clerks, order ------------------- --------------Manufacturing . — Nonmanufacturing-------— -------------Wholesale tra de------------------------ 307 81 226 142 80 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.5 40 0 67.00 67.50 6 6 . 50 70.00 60 50 Clerks, p a y ro ll-------------------------------Manufacturing-----------------------------Nonmanufacturing — ~ — Public utilities 2 ----------------------Wholesale tra d e-----------------------Retail trade --------— ---------Finance3 --------------------------------- 352 115 237 59 59 65 34 39.5 39.5 39.5 38.5 39.5 39.5 39.0 78. 00 77. 50 78. 50 8 6 . 00 84. 00 71.00 73. 00 Comptometer operators —-----------------Manufacturing -----------------------------Nonmanufacturing _____ _ — ---Wholesale tra de--------_ _ -----------Retail trade --------------------------- 470 58 412 226 161 39.5 40.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 Duplicating-machine operators (Mimeograph or Ditto) --------------------- 33 Keypunch operators, class A 4 -----------Nonmanufacturing ----- ------ __— Public utilities 2 ----------------------Wholesale trade — _ _ Retail tr a d e ----------------------------Finance3 --------------------------------- 412 349 119 123 38 65 Keypunch operators, class B 4 -----------Manufacturing — _______ Nonmanufacturing------------------------as ^ Wholesale trade _______________ _ Pa^ i1 482 50 432 85 Office girls _____ _ _ __ _____ Manufacturing-----------------------------Nonmanufacturing------------------------- 132 131 74 94 92 16 19 19 13 1 1 1 3 3 - 33 14 19 69 15 54 25 25 51 3 48 27 jj 41 9 32 14 18 8 5 3 - 14 5 9 3 - 30 27 14 13 36 2 2 1 3 74. 00 85. 50 72. 50 73. 50 69. 50 _ _ - 4 4 4 39.0 62. 0 0 - - 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 40.0 38.0 82. 50 81.00 93. 00 80. 50 71.50 67. 50 128 141 39.0 39.5 39.0 38. 0 40.'0 40. 0 38. 5 65. 00 82. 50 63. 00 65. 50 7110 0 60. 0 0 61. 50 157 25 132 71 39.5 39.5 39.5 39. 0 54. 50 51.00 55. 00 55. 50 _ - 39.5 89. 50 39.5 93. 00 39.0 8 8 . 00 39.0 104. 00 39.5 90. 50 39.5 82. 0 0 39.0 79. 50 . _ - 68 Secretaries -------- „ _______ _ —_ 1,894 Manufacturing-----------------------------509 Nonmanufacturing------------------------- 1, 385 Public utilities 2 _______________ 305 Wholesale tra d e________________ 343 Retail t r a d e ___________________ 173, Finance3 ___ ______ ___ __ 506 See footnotes at end of table. _ _ - 185 183 150 % 2 2 _ _ _ - _ _ 20 - 8 8 22 11 9 1 2 8 21 25 5 56 21 8 20 79 5 74 39 35 - 13 13 7 2 2 54 42 12 _ _ 53 27 18 9 7 6 7 4 3 3 7 7 7 2 2 26 4 26 9 17 25 11 42 42 5 1 1 - _ _ _ - 7 7 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ - _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ 2 1 1 1 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - 1 1 2 43 4 39 1 16 49 30 19 4 6 8 12 7 - 107 61 28 3 25 18 2 2 34 11 2 2 96 42 54 59 31 16 32 21 9 22 8 5 9 “ 21 4 17 9 2 1 2 2 20 18 51 50 41 36 27 80 21 66 1 2 35 34 - 32 9 20 1 8 2 6 6 11 2 3 1 9 4 5 2 2 1 24 7 10 27 15 12 7 1 5 1 4 3 1 5 - 4 - 23 7 16 7 7 9 7 7 4 3 2 2 - _ _ - 6 - 2 _ 6 5 2 2 6 6 _ 1 1 1 - - - - - - _ - 7 7 3 4 - 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 _ - . _ _ - _ _ _ - - - 37 29 23 33 15 18 4 2 11 2 2 2 2 2 _ - _ _ - 8 12 12 5 47 5 42 - 106 1 4 13 67 4 63 2 14 86 6 48 15 33 23 49 3 46 18 31 5 26 13 15 9 4 5 5 _ _ 33 _ 33 _ 65 5 60 - 1 11 22 126 29 97 _ 26 13 53 _ - _ 13 13 17 _ _ 7 105 18 4 40 40 20 _ 7 7 - 10 5 - _ 21 25 5 5 5 13 _ 12 8 5 15 33 15 8 11 39 80 18 13 20 29 10 2 8 7 52 90 83 82 1 14 15 6 6 8 - 5 - 67 67 5 23 30 50 7 1 12 12 12 12 49 1 6 21 21 - - 263 83 180 17 38 23 92 131 28 103 236 51 185 46 44 17 69 5 - _ _ - _ - - _ . _ - - - - - 36 14 13 9 2 1 2 - 6 2 7 33 9 158 28 130 8 42 24 51 4 4 4 219 57 162 13 23 20 93 2 1 6 6 3 6 34 17 43 - - - - - 127 26 229 116 113 58 27 13 13 87 66 67 30 27 3 3 101 38 30 9 23 20 - 15 51 22 22 4 3 8 3 1 - 3 8 2 18 3 5 4 - 7 7 _ - 1 - 22 1 4 17 1 1 6 . Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women— Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) AvM u.au Sex, occupation, and industry division W Number of workers N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OFI Weekly hours1 (Standard) W e e k ly , earnings* (Standard) 39.0 39.5 39.0 38.5 40.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.0 38.5 40.0 38.5 41.0 39.5 41.5 39.5 41.0 39.0 $72.00 74.50 71.50 79.50 72.00 64.00 62.50 t t 1 s 1 1 1 S 95.00 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 and 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 1 1 0 .0 0 115.00 1 2 0 .0 0 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 over $ omen—Continued Stenographer*, general45 _________ ____ Nonmanufacturing -----------------------Public utilities 1 _______________ 2 Wholesale trade _ _ _ Retail t r a d e ___________________ 1,475 269 1 ,2 0 6 Stenographers, senior 4 . -_ Nonmanufacturing -----------------------Public utilities2 _______________ Wholesale trade . . . Finance3 --------------------------------Switchboard operators __._________ __ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing ________________ P n K H r n H J IH e*2 Retail t r a d e ___________________ 442 316 95 337 654 3 1 4 69 130 75 255 25 230 45 69 45 365 103 M.M 83.00 80.00 9 1 .0 0 _ 10 68 197 10 68 1 92 5 - . . . 75.50 65.50 *52 86.50 63.00 52 9 6 9 28 21 1 20 30 5 25 6 3 - - 8 23 - 9 18 4 o .b 39.0 39.5 38.5 39.0 40.0 39.0 38.5 39.5 41.5 38.5 39.0 3 4 .5 39.0 39.0 40.0 40.0 38.5 - 1 8 8 .0 0 10 451 33 418 137 213 506 56 450 51 56 33 Finance * 284 1,103 Typists, class B _________________________________ Manufacturing . 121 Nonmanufacturing -------------------982 PiiVil 1r utilities2 90 Wholesale trade 95 Retail trade 109 Finance3 666 3 12 10 T r ansc r ibing - machine operators. general Manufacturing.............................................. -......... Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------Wholesale tra d e ___ Finance3 --------------------------------Typists, class A .. Manufacturing ...______ ________ __ Nonmanufacturing Public utilities2 ..............— .......................... Wholesale trade Retail t r a d e ----------------------------------------------- _ 28 - VI n a n c e 2 _ - - -------------------------------------------- 8 11 2 65.50 70.00 65.00 69.50 60.50 68.50 79.6o 67.50 85.50 70.00 54.50 64.50 57.50 61.00 57.00 73.00 59.00 56.00 54.00 Retail trade 42 110 22 - 39.0 F iih lic u t ilit ie s 2 W h o le s a le t r a d e 262 21 6 8 23 72.50 71.00 _____________ 25 - 38.5 38.5 ___ 84 15 90 8 Tabulating-machine operators. class B -------------------------------------------------------------------- } ? } Nonmanufacturing 1 10 Nonmanufacturing 8 6 - 36 64 ____ _.............................. _ .. 22 18 - 40.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 41.0 38.5 M a n u fa c tu r in g 205 76 129 25 71 12 22 . Switchboard operator-receptionists 246 38 208 37 59 . 61 17 1 37 - £4 I 30 - _ - 209 185 14 65 33 65 25 25 1 9 60.50 68.50 68.50 48.00 68.50 86.50 70.00 61.00 58.50 F in a n c e 3 1 2 3 4 5 t t t S 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 ^0 .0 0 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 and a j j s 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 3 23 42 24 4 1 37 23 13 15 83 28 55 9 7 22 10 2 4 17 14 16 15 - - 11 - - 11 20 20 . . 4 4 12 8 77 32 45 200 67 133 64 45 3 21 68 ?0 34 56 25 23 2 6 _ 68 6l 22 22 31 13 7 23 i f 4 - 6 13 17 5 9 . . - - . 4 - 95 5 90 23 65 73 _ . _ _ 6 7 9 17 298 16 282 175 4 171 3 12 50 299 i i 266 4 4 9 3 7 22 161 221 40 31 186 35 _ 6 2 67 172 "i f 145 14 18 26 81 121 1 4 26 3 87 64 _ _ _ _ 20 — 2 2 4 3 3 3 2 ! _ _ l _ 1 _ 3 _ 3 3 2 1 1 4 4 2 _ _ i _ . 1 . _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 - . - . . _ _ - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ 20 4 * 19 11 12 2 10 . 3 2 23 6 2 12 11 8 4 i _ _ 1 _ . _ . . 1 6 21 - 8 f - 3 3 32 4 2 - 2 i 30 9 17 13 4 29 1 1 _ 33 4 _ i 44 25 9 70 6 6 15 55 3 7 35 55 10 12 2 44 7 37 22 8 14 3 8 _ 2 1 5 7 12 5 2 lb 23 23 1 - 2 - . 1 . 2 2 . _ _ 2 _ 2 2 1 1 8 _ 2 2 1 2 _ i _ _ - . . _ _ . _ _ 2 2 2 2 . _ _ _ _ . . _ • . _ _ _ - _ _ . _ _ _ . _ _ 5 „ 7 11 3 9 . _ . 3 1 9 7 8 2 2 1 2 4 15 1 1 9 7 _ 5 5 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Description for this job has been revised since the last survey in this area. See appendix A. Includes 23 workers at $30 to $35; 8 at $35 to $40. _ _ 21 1 11 8 _ _ _ 3 _ 11 8 _ 18 H 38 26 22 41 _ 19 25 19 120 _ _ _ _ 1 30 4 4 . _ i 46 79 _ 1 1 13 66 6 i _ - 1 105 71 . _ 1 4 9 - _ 6 - 16 18 16 26 20 i 16 16 2 1 12 11 1 21 26 6 20 20 1 1 7 2 2 22 6 13 224 19 4 14 5 11 58 26 s? 48 9 35 3 23 3 8 12 10 2 31 2 95 27 54 83 !2 i f 11 1 22 23 16 9 4 41 41 3 34 26 20 24 10 77 77 . 2 87 47 19 7 14 21 9 46 34 24 _ 55 52 31 19 11 11 3 _ 58 _ . _ 10 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men and Women (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) NTMW'.H OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- Averaob Sex, occupation, and industry division Num lwr of w orker* $ 3 $ 3 $ t % $ $ $ i $ $ W eekly W eekly . 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 | 1 S95.OOjlOO.Oo|lO5.00 110.00 jl 15.001 20.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 hours1 earning* and and (Standard) (Standard) under 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 9-5.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 T 15.00'120.00'125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00 155.00 |160.00 165^Wi i i i Men 1 Draftsm en, leader ______________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________ _ D raftsm en, senior ______________________ Manufactur ing ________________________ Nonmanufactur ing __________________ _ W holesale trade ___________________ Draftsm en, junior __________________ _____ Manuf actur i n g ____________ _________ — Nonmanufactur ing ____________ ______ _ 47 lb 282 111 171 54 237 111 126 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.5 40.0 39.5 ! j 165.00 $ jlfO o " j 122.00 1*6.SO 119.00 124.00 88.50 | 95.00 82.50 „ - _ _ - - " ■ 2 2 ■ 2 20 17 32 - - - 2 20 17 11 21 6 6 1 3 : - i 3 i " i 21 8 27 7 13 20 9 ! 19 2 9 17 : 31 18 13 17 26 7 10 ! 7 19 : 7 | 3 6 1 i ! 30 21 9 ! i 29 19 1 10 1 40 34 9 1 6 i 1 ! 8 ! Nurses, industrial (registered) _ Manufacturing _______ ___________ _ 1 i 1 I 69 46 40.0 46.6 99.50 106.00 l 2 6 1 5 l 9 4 9 8 2 ! 1 3 2 i 18 5 3 I 1 6 ‘ ' 24 i 20 7 | 9 15 ; 13 8 ] 3 i 9 9 Women 6 6 ! i 1' ; 2 1 1 l 20 ' 28 1 i 9 19 19 4 ! 12 _ 1 _ - - 3 3 ' 8 3 26 1 15 23 : 10 5 3 j . Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Workers were distributed as follows: 3 at $ 165 to $ 170; 20 at $ 190 to $ 195; 2 at $ 205 to $ 210.' i ! i ! 1 I 1 j 1 - 2 2 i 1 25 2 10 ■ j i 1 2 " 5 5 _ 1 - ! 5 5 ■ . - 15 5 10 5 . - 3 3 4 4 2 1 - 9 5 4 - - 11 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined (Average straight-time weekly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) N mer ub of w ers ork Occupation and industry division A ge vera we ly . ek ea in s 1 rn g (S n a ) ta d rd .. 109 69 27 40 Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine)______ __ Manufacturing ________________________ ______ Nonmanufacturing __________________________ 95 36 59 Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A ------------ 194 41 153 48 33 67 Nonmanufactur ing __________________________ /-O aa1e e ... fra^A -----— --------- $70.50 Clerks, file, class B 4 ___________ — ■"69. W 71. 00 Public utilities2 - ___________ __________ 74. 00 Wholesale trade ____— --------------------- ------— 62.00 6 6 . 50 59. 50 73. 50 Clerks, order 76. 6 6 72. 50 Nonmanufacturing---------------------------— —------71.00 Wholesale trade __ ____ ____________ ___ Retail trade ____ 73. 50 71. 50 ___ __ ________ __ __ 590 205 172 85 124 derlcRf accounting, class B Manufacturing ________________ — -------------------—— Nonmanufacturing __________ — -------------------------------------Public utilities 2 ------------------ --------------- -------------------- — Wholesale tra d e --------------- --------------------------- — -------Retail trade ____ — . . ------ ------------------------Finance3 . . . . ___________ ________________ ____________ 1,913 269 1,624 404 558 240 363 Keypunch operators, class A 4 _____ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ Nonmanufacturing -------------------- ----------------------- -----73.00 Public utilities2 _____ ______ ______________ ________ _ 74: 56 Wholesale trade ______ ______ _____ ____ _______ 73. 00 13 ~tn-i 1 73.50 V iv ia v irA 3 82.00 67. 50 Keypunch operators, class B 4 __________________ 6 1 . 00 428 94 334 134 29 155 816 Nonmanufacturing n^rlfs, file, class A* Nonmanufacturing See footnotes at end of table, 131 1 12 57 77. 00 75. 00 6 8 . 50 Public utilities2 Wholesale trade Retail trade ■Finance3 . _____________ __ _________________________________________ . _ _______ __ _ _ - A verage w ly . eek e rn g a in s (S n a ) ta d rd Occupation and industry division N m er ub of w er* ork A ge vera ea in * 1 rn g (S n a ) ta d rd 371 48 323 51 91 33 131 $56. 50 5 6 . 00 57.00 67.00 56.50 53.00 54. 50 Office occupations—Continued 468 33 435 54 96 42 204 $59. 50 Office boys and girls ---------------------------- ...--------70. 50 Manufacturing m m ...... mm -11r ■■■■■■■■ . n_m 1 ■■■■■» ■■ ■ m 1 58. 50 Nonmanufacturing .......... _____________ __ Public utilities 2 __________________________ 69. 50 62.00 Wholesale tra d e ------— ------------- — ---------------T4 ? »tail trade , , , r_ _ _ 52. 50 ____ — __ ____ Finance3 _ _______ 55.00 1,913 89. 50 51.00 SfCTftArif s IT.TKT ----- 52T" H F Nonrnanufacturing _ ___ __ 1,392 8 8 .0 0 50. 00 312 104.00 Public utilities2 _____ — __ —------------90. 50 343 74.00 ----— ----------506 Wholesale tra d e _____________ — 82.00 74. 5b 173 Retail trade _ j._. 129 74.00 506 79. 50 377 Finance3 .. ... ___ _ __ —— 78. 00 293 60. 50 80 72. 50 1,503 Stenographers, general4 __________________ __ —. Manufacturing __ __ ____ 81. 50 ----- 25T 74.50 438 72.00 1,234 164 81. 5b 80. 0 0 470 274 81.50 Public utilities2 ___________________ _ — U7>nlosala trade 72. 00 316 8 8 . 50 78 Petatl trade 64. 00 8 9 . 00 77 95 6 2 ! 50 337 71.00 65 7 3 ! 00 34 654 Stenographers, senior4 -------------------------------- ----89. 50 514 o5. U U 74. 00 ... ... — Nonmanufacturing ___ ... ___ 477 80.00 F4VW Public utilities 2 -------------------- -----------------65 69 91.00 72. 50 130 412 Wholesale tra d e ____________ ___ _________ __ Finance3 _ __ __ _________ 75. 50 73. 50 75 226 161 69. 50 Switchboard operators _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ ___ 65.50 255 8 6 . 50 Manufacturing____ ___ ___________ .. __ 25 63.00 63.00 230 Nonmanufacturing------------------------- ------------_ 59 6 1 . TO 8 8 .0 0 45 Public utilities 2 ________ ______ _____ _____ ___________ 46 Retail trade ___ _ ____ _ 60.50 69 68.50 45 83.50 445 6 8 . 50 " 377 " ■ i o r Switchboard operator-receptionists _______ ____ __________ 370 9 3 .0 0 6 8 . 50 108 147 Manufacturing ______ ______ — . . . ____ 6 8 . 50 80. 50 262 123 Nonmanufacturing . ______ — -----------------------------------— Public utilities ^ _r-nw --r„Mr- n _r,r-,-nM -,-riJ_ ,__1ir M ,^l -r U r___ 42 8 6 . 50 71. 50 38 ....... W}^n1 a s a 1 e t r a d e 70. 00 110 67. 50 65 6 1 .0 0 36 Retail t r a d e ___________ ___ ___________________ 64 58. 50 65.00 Finance3 . — — ------ --------------- ----- — --------489 81.50" 56 101.50 166 63. 50 Tabulating-machine operators, class A ________________ 439 99755“ 143 65. 50 Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------------- — ---------91 71.00 35 1 0 2 . 0 0 Public utilities2 _____ . . . . . . 68 60.00 Wholesale tra d e ______ ______ _______ __ 50 106.00 128 32 94.00 Finance3 _ _ __ _______ _ . 142 61. 50 453 — 443“ 266 Manufacturing ---------------------------- ------------— Nonmanufacturing ___ — ______ — _______ ______ 67.00 Public utilities ^ m _ _ s mm m m m r_jm_m --r em w m m m m , u i 72. 6 6 Wholesale trade 65. 50 Retail t r a d e -----------— -----------------70.50 63.50 60. 50 Comptometer operators ___ — —-------------- .. — Manufacturing — _______ — ----------------------------Nonmanufacturing----------- -------------------- -------Wholesale trade 97.00 Retail trade ______ __ — _ __ 95. 00 101.50 Duplicating-machine operators (Mimeograph or Ditto) __ _____ ___________ 103.00 ftfnnmanufacturing _______ _ __ ____ 80. 50 82. 0 0 Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B -----------Manufacturing _________________ ____ _____ Nonmanufacturing _____ ...... — . ----Wholesale tra d e -------------------------------------- Retail trade ___________ — ------- ----------- Public "H'MHea* W esal e trade Vinl fra/4o N m er ub of w ers ork Office occupations—Continued Office occupations Billers, machine (billing machine) _____ ____ Occupation and industry division 12 Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined— Continued (Average straight-time weekly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga. , May 1962) Occupation and industry division Number of worker* Average weekly . earning* (Standard) Nonmanufacturing ---------- P u h lir u t il it ie s 1 2 W h o le s a le tr a d e _ F in a n r e 2 ______ - _____ --------- ___ ---------------------— — ____ ___ __ _______ . . . ___ . . Tabulating-machine operators, class C _____________ Nonmanufacturing _______ __ _ _______ ______ _____ Public utilities 2 _________________________ Wholesale trade ________ — — --------Transcribing-machine operators, general _____ ____ M a n u f a c t u r in g Nonmanufacturing W h o le s a le tra d e T T in an ce 2 1 2 9 4 ___________ _ — _____ _____ _____ _ Number of Average weekly . earning* (Standard) 327 5$ 274 107 81 65 110 69 25 30 451 ---- 53— 418 137 213 $80.00 Typists, class A __ ____________ __________ 1 0 1 .0 0 76.00 Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 __ __ ______ _ _ __ 75. 00 W h o le sa le tra d e __ ___ _________ __ __ 79.00 R e ta il t r a d e , 74.00 74. 50 72.00 69. 50 Typists, class B --------------------------- ----------------------------- ~ 82. 50 Manufacturing _____________ _______ ___ Nonmanufac turing ________ _______ ___ _________________ 65. 50 P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 24 _________ 70. 60 Wholesale trade _____ __ ______________ _____ _______ 65.00 _ _ _ _ _ _ Retail trade ____ __ __ 69. 50 Finance 9 ,,, ,_ 60. 50 508 57 451 51 56 33 285 $68.50 1 Draftsmen, leader --------------------- --------------- _ . ____ _ _ 79.00 Nonmanufacturing __________________________ __ 67. 50 . . . . _____ _ _____ _ _ _ .... 85. 50 Draftsmen, senior ___ 70.00 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ _ 54. 50 64.50 Public utilities2 ________________ _ . ______ ___ 1,203 59. 50 Draftsmen, junior _________ . _____ ___ _____ 62.00 Manufacturing ___ ________________ __________________ - __ Nonmanufacturing __________ ______ __________ __ — 59. 50 80.00 59.00 56.00 Nurses, industrial (registered)____ _______ M a n u f a c t u r in g _ _ ____ ______ _ 54.00 W bn1 o e a l p iU 1,069 177 95 109 666 Earnings are for a regular workweek for which employees receive their straight-time weekly salaries, exclusive of any premium pay. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Description for this job has been revised since the last survey in this area. See appendix A. Occupation and industry division Number of worker* Average weekly « earnings (Standard) 47 26 $165. 00 155.00 296 li8 178 46 54 121.50 126.00 118. 50 106. 50 124.00 Professional and technical occupations Office occupations— Continued Office occupations—-Continued Tabulating-machine operators, class B Occupation and industry division 126 50 95700” 82. 50 69 46 99. 50 106.00 238 112 88. 13 Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962)1 3 2 O ccupation and industry d ivision N ber um of w orker* C arp enters, m aintenance ___________ __ _ M anufacturing ___ _ _ » __ Nonmanufacturing _____ ____ _________ Retail trade ______________________ 135 69 E le ctricia n s , maintenance . . -----------M a n u fa c tu r in g ---- ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ___________ __ ______ 290 241 49 En gin eers, s t a t io n a r y __________ __ _____ M anufacturing _________________ ____ Nonmanufacturing --------— ------—------Retail trade ______________________ NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— s S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Average * 2.30 2.40 2.50 *2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 *3.40 *3.50 3.60 *3.70 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 S hourly earnings* and and under 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3.70 over $2.49 2.45 2.53 2.73 - - - 2.98 3.01 2.79 _ - _ - _ - 130 74 56 26 2.72 5.01 2.32 2.37 _ - F irem en , stationary b o i l e r __________ . . . M anufacturing _______________________ 65 58 1.88 H elpers, m aintenance trades —____ ___ M anufacturing --------- -------- ----------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 66 33 1 1 15 8 - 10 6 2 5 4 5 20 1 5 3 3 23 3 - 4 3 1 1 _ - _ - 6 6 1 1 5 5 11 2 7 4 - 2 4 _ " _ - - . - - _ - 1 5 1.65 “ 2 13 15 7 7 5 5 262 156 132 2.03 218 16 4 2 2.16 1.90 2 2 2 2 17 17 - M achinists, m aintenance . . . . ---- *-----M anufacturing ------------------------------------ 337 33(5 2.84 . _ . “ • M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) . . Manufactu ring _______________________ N onm anufacturing . . . _________________ Pu blic u t ilitie s 3 _______ —_________ Retail trade ______________________ 844 145 702 589 35 2.70 5.54 2.77 2.82 2.45 M echanics, m aintenance _______________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ---- ------------------------- __ Nonmanufacturing ____ _____________ R etail trade _________— ---- ------------ 533 405 127 28 2.49 2.45 2.61 2.65 O iie r 8 ____________________________________ M annfartnring _ n, 69 69 2.07 2.07 P a in ters, m a in te n a n c e __________________ M anufacturing ------ ------------ . . — Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 133 58 75 2.43 5.61 2.92 2.05 P ip efitters, m a in te n a n c e _______________ M anufacturing ________ _. . . _____ 97 66 3.03 3.03 T ool and die m a k e r s ____________________ Manuf actu ring _______________________ 156 156 - _ _ - - . " 5 5 ■ _ ■ 13 13 _ _ 11 16 l - 2 8 5 5 - 5 2 1 _ 13 “ 12 12 2 10 20 20 _ _ “ “ 8 ■ 8 16 16 - 3 3 27 17 5o ~ 7 ~ 16 1 1 _ _ 5 5 3 3 ■ _ " 5 6 “ 13 13 _ - ! _ _ _ _ _ “ ■ ■ ~ “ _ _ . _ ■ “ ■ “ 3 3 - 2 7 5 _ 53 7 46 25 2 23 6 6 17 5 1 1 12 10 2 - - 16 - 16 2 2 2 12 10 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 4 3 1 2 1 4 3 1 1 3 1 * 9 9 3 8 3 - 8 2 2 1 1 2 14 14 - 4 11 7 4 52 27 25 11 11 " 12 8 21 21 25 24 4 4 - 1 6 6 - - - 2 1 1 2 - - 22 20 2 13 7 20 20 6 ■ 2 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 1 2 2 2 5 5 _ _ ■ 31 16 15 2 2 - 5 14 24 24 47 3 44 44 “ 88 1 6 33 37 28 9 5 9 4 5 5 _ 5 3 - 9 2 7 7 2 2 _ _ - 61 6l _ - 2 2 “ 1 4 4 1 - _ _ 6 6 - _ _ - . - _ 1 1 22 22 1 - - 4 3 8 8 1 1 - . . 5 5 - - - - . - - 1 1 1 1 3 3 _ _ _ _ - " ~ - 14 14 9 9 - 1 1 . . _ _ . . _ _ _ . _ _ - _ _ - _ _ 95 94 1 - - _ _ " 2 2 " ~ 1 1 61 6l 19 19 9 9 4 63 55 37 37 40 16 8 8 70 5 65 58 44 44 23 14 89 45 150 63 7 56 56 67 11 8 5 59 58 6 6 4 4 - 2 1 1 _ _ _ - _ _ - “ - 6 4 2 - _ 9 9 - - - - “ “ 5 5 2 8 - - - 2 8 2 5 14 1 1 3 3 . 15 9 42 _ - 28 3 25 40 5 35 29 29 42 58 4 53 50 3 3 30 32 25 7 2 1 ■ 2 6 6 4 2 2 1 1 21 21 . 5 5 10 10 3 3 ■ . ■ _ . . “ " " 6 6 3 10 lo 6 - 6 14 5o 12 10 2 65 57 11 1 2 - . . . 41 ’ 1 40 8 1 _ " 3 1 2 1 - 7 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ “ ~ ■ “ ~ 2 11 55 6 2 8 _ Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Includes 1 worker at $ 1.10 to $ 1.20. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 3 - 8 3.18 3.18 1 2 3 5 4 4 - 1 " 2 2 16 78 33 1 - 1 5 2 6 i5 6 83 81 32 32 144 138 3 107 68 39 1 63 55 8 . 8 1 2 1 24 2 1 ' " 6 1 14 ” 14 - 6 4 2 10 10 10 10 34 55 6 6 22 6 6 17 17 12 15 2 2 55 1 7 55 63 65 32 55 _ 5 “ ~5“ _ - - 14 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ S $ $ s S $ $ $ $ Average Under *0.70 *0.80 *0.90 *1.00 *1.10 *1.20 *1.30 $ 1.40 *1.50 *1.60 *1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 *2.40 *2.50 *2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 hourly , earning* $ and and 0.70 under ,80 ♦?o 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2,70 2,80 2,90 3.0p 3.10 PY-SI, O ccupation 1 and industry division Num ber of w orker* E levator op era tors, passenger (men) __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 141 140 $1.03 Elevator op era tors, passenger (women) _______________________________ Nonmanufacturing --------------------------- 102 102 .69 759 394 Guards ---------------------------------------------------Manufacturing _______________________ — m ~ 207 Nonmanufacturing ___________________ Janitors, p orters, and clea n ers (men) __________________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________ ___ Public u t ilitie s 4 _________________ W holesale trade __________________ R etail trade ______________________ F in a n ce 5 _________________________ Janitors, p orters, and clea n ers (wom en) _______________________ _ 2,910 1, 100 1.810 272 122 422 286 1.02 1.91 2.56 1.32 1.41 1.80 1.18 1.63 1.61 1.11 1.03 2 2 « - 50 50 ~ 65 65 3 9 9 - * - 2 372 - - 2 2 16 16 5 5 1 1 - • - - 72 - - - - - - 2 - - 4 4 - - - . - - • • - * • - _ - 3 3 - 5 5 8 17 4 - 1 16 9 9 11 11 78 78 66 66 _ - 13 13 _ - _ - _ - 3 35 23 4 19 16 _ - 329 325 4 1 2 2 24 24 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 160 i56 36 36 - 316 316 316 - 5 5 - _ - _ - _ - 42 42 42 - 40 *9 8 6 1 1 - _ - 5 5 - _ - - - _ - _ - 6 6 7 7 ---- --- 150 12 8 8 1 1 - 8 5 3 - 12 1 1 250 136 114 80 120 6 20 8 16 3 91 48 43 15 4 91 _ 91 _ _ - 82 _ 82 _ 27 25 169 _ 169 -• 32 130 719 118 601 - 275 275 169 - 20 - 20 . 20 2 265 139 126 23 16 59 56 42 53 11 6 61 62 6 61 62 1.66 1.11 _ 680 _ 145 5 - . .76 - 42 - 21 3,215 1,682 1, 533 532 647 354 1.72 1.63 1.82 2.49 1.42 1.53 _ _ - . - _ - _ _ - O rder fille r s ____________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufac tur ing __________ W holesale trade ---------------------------R etail trade ---------------------------------- 1, 029 809 562 229 1.79 1.77 1.80 1.74 1.94 _ _ - _ . - _ - . _ - P a ck ers, shipping (men) ---------------------Manufacturing _____ . . . ________. . . . -----Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ 488 204 284 255 1.67 1.81 1.56 1.56 _ - _ - _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - - - “ _ _ 1.81 - 150 11 1.88 2.02 - _ 187 1.95 2.67 - - 187 298 118 180 55 124 - - 82 R eceiving cle r k s ________________________ Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ W holesale trade __________________ R etail trade ______________________ - _ 82 192 1.55 P a ck ers, shipping (women) ________ Manufacturing _______________________ — W ~ — 3751” 93 1.48 Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 45 1.46 R etail trade ---------------------------------- 1 1 _ 1.39 .97 220 4 4 - 1.02 L a b orers, m aterial handling _______ . .. . Manufacturing _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ Public u tilitie s 4 _________________ W holesale trade __________________ R etail trade ______________________ - _ 68 521 63 71 262 2 2 - 589 Nonmanufacturing __________—_____ _ DnKli/* ^ R etail trade ______________________ F in a n ce 5 --------------------------------------- 5 4 _ - 21 26 l _ l 5 639 224 315 214 - 2 33 19 1 1 11 - 1 3 1 1 2 57 10 47 47 - 1 16 i 110 1 ! 102 8 1 14 8 15 9 11 8 7 . 22 2 2 12 2 7 3 7 - - 12 12 5 7 7 2 1 22 22 330 213 108 105 62 43 459 389 70 33 26 136 62 44 - 100 70 60 39 7 7 5 11 23 43 57 48 9 21 2 149 149 50 9 90 37 io 27 23 4 75 34 41 13 28 121 63 38 83 52 13 10 53 28 25 97 97 85 12 7 7 7 - 30 30 25 5 84 55 29 35 30 5 - 47 5 42 39 3 3 3 45 45 45 6 2 1 1 4 3 17 3 14 4 6 7 i 1 _ - i - 6 6 - 1 1 1 6 6 266 124 7 160 17 _ _ - 29 29 - 11 2 82 9 7 78 7 71 63 2 1 1 1 44 17 27 19 63 4$ 18 4 16 - 26 19 14 32 15 17 12 2 10 2 8 6 3 16 26 g 110 4 4 21 54 38 26 20 52 26 32 28 4 4 4 - 2 114 26 76 72 4 - - 1 10 _ _ - - 234 116 118 8 89 31 82 35 14 9 5 5 - 82 43 39 24 5 9 86 93 30 31 24 101 _ - 2 179 8 9 101 87 14 8 74 71 6 14 - _ - 10 - 4 4 14 7 14 22 16 - 21 10 9 7 24 15 6 2 18 - 10 8 6 10 2 8 2 26 12 14 - 14 8 7 1 1 - 1 - 1 21 20 1 124 14 102 - 109 93 41 52 16 36 100 12 9 91 84 7 - 110 1 99 3 3 1 - 1 1 - 116 116 4 - 112 - 12 11 1 - 6 6 2 - _ . * - 2 2 53 53 " 1 1 1 1 13 13 _ _ _ - - - - 13 13 7 23 13 2 8 24 10 1 12 8 - - 21 13 3 2 6 10 4 2 8 6 1 - 3 23 16 13 - - 3 13 - 24 17 7 7 _ - _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ _ - - - _ _ 1 - - 2 1 1 - - - - 1 - 1 1 ' See footnotes at end of table, - 15 Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued (Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation1 and industry division Shipping clerks ______________ __ ____ Manufacturing __ . . . ____ Nonmanufacturing ... ______ ___ Shipping and receiving clerks ________ —___ _ Manufacturing _____ Nonmanufacturing Number of workera 164 $5 71 69 249 145 104 86 Average Under *0.70 hourly , earning!1* 5 2 and *0.80 *0.90 *1.00 *1.10 *1.20 *1.30 *1.40 *1.50 *1.60 *1.70 *1.80 *1.90 *2.00 *2 .1 0 *2.20 *2.30 *2.40 *2.50 *2.60 *2.70 *2.80 *2.90 *3 .0 0 *3 .1 0 and 0.70 under ,99 •?o 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2 .2 0 2.30 2.40 2.50 2t69 2.79 2rgQ 2.90 3.00 3 .1 0 over $2.24 2.28 2.18 2.1$ 2.44 2.53 2.32 2 26 Truckdrivers 7 ------------------- -----------Manufacturing ____ __ __ Nonmanufacturing -----------------------Public utilities 4 * ______________ 6 _ Wholesale trade ___ _____ Retail trade ___________________ 2, 788 1, 753 580 381 Truckdrivers, light (under lVz t o n s )______________________ Manufacturing ________________ Nonmanufacturing Wholesale tra d e------------------Retail trade _______________ _ 610 159 451 246 151 Truckdrivers, medium (1Va to and including 4 tons) ___ ______ ______ Manufacturing ________ __________ Nonmanufacturing __ ___ Public utilities 4 _____________ Wholesale trade . _____ Retail t r a d e -----—---------- —... 1,646 255 1, 391 963 271 97 Truckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) ______ ___ Nonmanufacturing _____________ Public utilities4 _____________ Retail trade ______________ 1. 036 946 750 133 Truckers, power (forklift)____ ___ Manufacturing______ . _ Nnnmamifartnfing Public utilities 4 _______________ Wtinl«ia1« frarl* Retail trade ___________________ 654 i£o“ 194 32 94 2.09 2.74 1.92 68 423 156 267 47 1.34 - - - - - - - - . - . 5 5 9 9 1 2 2 9 6 7 3, 347 559 - - 37 37 - . - 30 9 36 104 31 54 - 10 3 1.45 1.43 1.46 1.54 _ - 58 101 55 40 15 - - 52 52 9 36 52 1.22 37 37 . 30 2.39 1.76 2.51 2.74 1.93 - . - - 118 33 85 37 30 7 25 . . . 83 6 . 2.31 1.75 2.42 2.77 1.83 1.76 52 52 176 34 137 140 - 1 - 12 2 10 10 6 42 230 142 4 138 19 119 164 54 105 23 16 48 48 42 12 2 7 7 60 60 25 - 6 - 34 29 4 21 31 58 66 2o 14 8 12 3 25 - 10 21 33 14 19 31 27 4 22 9 10 _ 4 22 6 6 . . . - 36 8 6 - - * - - 2 - 6 - - 2.14 _ - _ - - _ - - 19 6 82 48 14 6 5o 52 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 16 76 61 15 1.26 1.38 18 56 2.21 . 5 _ . 22 16 155 26 129 10 31 6 23 9 40 24 11 9 51 45 6 6 46 5 5 36 6 31 4 36 5 9 5 2 - 37 13 24 3 2 7 31 32 5 13 1 2 6 1 6 5 - 1 2 27 - 4 11 6 6 10 . _ . . _ 5 1 41 33 4 4 . _ 4 7 - _ 17 5 37 1 12 36 33 2 2 1 . 65 . - - - 24 8 5 5 14 5 5 10 2 7 42 16 g 3 4 5 2 23 15 2 9 - 2 8 2 4 2 7 3 6 224 174 2 1 - 7 - _ 3 9 5 - 2 1 1 5 5 211 6 99 2 10 6 19 80 12 2 5 2 7 _ 6 6 g 1 19 12 15 5 4 7 47 1477 4 _ 26 1472 _ 1463 5 8 4 21 1 _ . _ _ . _ 51 44 1 2l 23 _ 747 . 747 744 2 21 2 1 _ . . . _ 16 8 8 g 7 55 45 7 - 1 72 21 51 . 50 1 > . . _ . _ 9 6 2 5 3 * 0 3 _ 4 . . „ _ - - 7 _ _ - . _ . _ . _ _ _ . _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - - - 56 5 r r — 3F— r 26 _ 26 _ . . " ‘ _ _ _ _ 8 5 5 . 3 4 49 44 _ 44 11 10 14 14 43 9 34 19 . 14 25 2 2 29 29 46 16 30 19 12 _ . . 11 1 10 10 64 . _ _ - 11 1 10 10 58 4d 6 5 7 4 - - 11 1 1 7 72 _ 1 19 37 31 26 - - 12 45 56 48 20 7 - - 130 87 43 8 7 5 5 10 10 4 84 5 15 7 6 10 106 22 20 ii 19 5 14 14 187 54 150 5 65 80 11 18 5 15 15 7 7 54 43 n 18 2 95 39 56 . 1.46 5 3 2 9 4 4 - 2 .1 7 10 1 9 7 7 2 .8 6 2 .75 2 2 85 70 15 1.99 2.67 7 5 65 Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes premium pay £or overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Workers were distributed as follows: 57 at $ 0.40 to $ 0.50; 15 at $0.50 to $ 0.60. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Workers were distributed as follows: 75 at $ 0.50 to $ 0.60; 5 at $ 0.60 to $ 0.70. Includes all drivers regardless of size and type of truck operated. - 7 2 .0 2 Watchmen _________________ __ _ Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing -----------------------Retail trade ___________________ - 205 157 . 97 - - 18 36 -------F — I F 56 8 - 17 - _ 3 17 44 10 - 102 102 6 78 70 2 19 . 19 55 19 8 9 1 1 2 _ _ 1 ----- 1 f _ 1 2 _ 2 42 15 15 _ _ 730 - 719 - 4 4 17 — _ - 2 8 3 _ ------- T — y fs i — - 134 “ T34 15 3 50 . 49 6 4 4 11 86 42 39 3 . _ 8 15 5 „ _ _ _ _ _ 16 B : E stab lish m en t P ractices and Supplem entary Wage P ro v isio n s Table B-l. Shift Differentials (Shift differentials of manufacturing plant workers by type and amount of differential, Atlanta, G a ., May 1962 Percent of manufacturing plant workers— Shift differential In establishments having formal provisions 1 for— Actually working on— Second shift work Third or other shift work Second shift 79.7 65.3 15.2 4.3 Third or other shift With shift pay d iffe ren tia l------------------------------ 66.9 60.3 11.8 3.3 Uniform cents (per hour) _________________ 54.5 33.4 11.6 2.7 2. 1 10.3 3. 1 2.9 3.4 1. 1 12.0 .9 14.3 1.3 2.3 .7 “ _ 7.3 1.5 1.2 6.1 7.4 1.4 1.5 1.9 .9 1.4 1.3 1.6 .5 1.3 .7 .7 .7 .2 2.4 .2 4. 1 .7 - _ .8 .1 .4 1. 1 .2 - 11. 1 11.1 .1 <*> 11. 1 - 2.1 9. 1 .1 - (1 2) - 1.4 - . Full day's pay for reduced hours, plus cents differential ______ _________ ______ - 13.0 - .4 Other formal pay differential __________ _ _ 1.3 1.3 .1 No shift pay d iffe r e n tia l_____________________ 12.8 5.0 3.4 Under 5 cents _________ ________ _______ 5 cents — , __ ^ _ ^ _ _ ___ r ____ r ____________ _ ________ 6 cents —______ , ____ ____ .___ T , 7 l /z cents ______ ____ ____ ______ ___ ___ _ 8 cents __________ „___ ____ ________ 9 cents _____ .____________________ ____ _ 10 cents _______________________________ 11 cents __________________ ,____________ 12 cents _____ __________ ___ .... 121/z cents ______ ___ ____ T __ 13 cents ____________________ _ I 3 V3 cents _ _ ___ __ _____ _______ ... 15 cents __ _________.____ .__ „ 16 cents ____________________ __________ 20 cents 21 cents ____ — _________ ____________ _ 24 cents ----------------------------------------------Uniform p e rce n ta g e _______________ _____ _ 5 percent ________________________________________ 10 percent __ _ ____ __ _ _ _ Full day's pay for reduced h o u r s _________ (b 1 .1 . 1 1 1 .0 1 Includes establishments currently operating late shifts, and establishments with formal provisions covering late shifts even though they were not currently operating late shifts. 2 Less than 0.05 percent. 17 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (Distribution of establishments studied in all industries and in industry divisions by minimum entrance salary fo r selected categories of inexperienced women office w orkers, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) Inexperienced typists Minimum weekly salary 1 All industries Establishments having no specified minimum _ Establishments which did not employ workers in this category All schedules 40 37Vz 383/4 40 XXX XXX 45 1 98 23 21 75 9 11 50 3 3 3 28 7 19 _ - 4 3 6 5 . 17 67 8 10 - - 3 - - 23 3 2 . _ 4 8 20 20 8 9 4 5 4 15 6 2 1 2 6 3 6 4 3 2 2 4 4 _ . 2 2 _ _ 3 4 4 1 1 2 1 _ . _ XXX 11 2 2 _ 3 3 24 7 13 _ _ . 2 6 2 4 1 3 _ _ 1 _ _ 3 1 11 4 9 - - 7 5 7 4 3 5 5 2 2 3 4 3 _ _ 5 _ 1 1 6 _ 1 - - 4 - _ 2 2 . ~ - 1 1 _ 1 - - 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 _ _ - _ 3 1 1 2 1 2 - - 2 47 24 XXX 23 XXX XXX XXX 80 22 XXX 58 XXX XXX XXX - _ 2 - 3 1 2 1 2 2 - - 2 38 19 XXX 19 XXX XXX XXX 31 XXX 70 XXX XXX XXX _ - _ _ 1 2 1 2 _ - 1 3 40 XXX 19 . - 383/4 156 XXX 1 2 37V2 XXX XXX _ All schedules 40 69 156 _ All schedules 225 XXX 86 Nonmanufacturing Based on standard weekly hours 3 of— 1 1 69 Establishments studied $40.00 and under $42.50 $42.50 and under $45.00 $45.00 $iid under $47.50 $47.50 and under $50.00 $50.00 and under $52.50 $52.50 and under $55.00 $55.00 and under $57.50 $57.50 and under $60.00 $60.00 and under $62.50 $62.50 and under $65.00 $65.00 and under $67.50 $67.50 and under $70.00 $70.00 and under $72.50 $72.50 and under $75.00 $75.00 and under $77.50 $77.50 and under $80.00 Over $ 80.00 ____ Manufacturing All usi.ri.es Based on standard weekly hours :3 of---All schedules Establishments having a specified minimum Other inexperienced clerical workers 2 Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing 2 I _ | II | 1 1 _ 2 1 5 5 3 1 1 1 1 _ Lowest salary rate formally established for hiring inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs. Rates applicable to messengers, office girls, or similar subclerical jobs are not considered. Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the most common workweeks reported. Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours of first-shift workers, Atlanta, G a ., May 1962) O F F IC E W O R K E R S Weekly nours All workers . — ----------------------- —---------------------------------------------- Under 37 Vz hours --------------------------------------------------------------------37 ty* hours ------------------------------------------------------------------------- —— Over 37l/z and under 40 hours -------------------------------------40 hOUrS Over 40 and under 44 hours -------------------------------------------44 hours Over 44 and under 48 hours -------------------------------------------48 hours ----------- —------------- — -------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 8 P L A N T W ORKERS A ll , in d u strie s* M a n u fa cturin g P u b llo , u tilitie s1 2 W h olesale tra d e R e ta il tra d e Fina n ce3 A ll A industries4 M an u fa cturin g P u b lic , u tilit ie s 2 W h o le sa le tra d e R e ta il tra d e 1 00 100 1 00 100 1 00 100 100 100 100 100 100 2 2 6 1 3 15 14 65 2 1 (!) (*> (9) 7 (*) 89 3 5 32 5 15 75 3 3 78 7 3 (5) - - - - 1 1 - 63 11 - Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Less than 0. 5 percent. 5 16 40 38 3 1 75 4 5 4 4 3 85 3 1 1 1 1 • _ . 3 85 5 95 3 -• 2 _ . 52 7 14 . 12 - - 3 5 14 - 2 19 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and.in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Atlanta, G a ., May 1962) OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o rk e rs ________ - ____ All . industrial1 __ ----------- W ork ers in establishm ents providing paid h o l id a y s ___________ ____ W ork ers in establishm ents providing no paid holidays . ___ PLANT WORKERS M anufacturing Public 2 utilities1* 2 W holesale trade Retail trade Finanee9 All . industries4 M anufacturing Public 2 utilities 2 W holesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 100 100 99 100 88 88 100 96 88 “ 1 " 12 12 “ 4 12 5 34 2 15 . 3 17 . 3 17 . . 10 66 . 4 . . 8 . . . . . “ ( 5) ( 5) 1 28 2 16 2 2 30 1 1 8 5 1 1 ( s) 17 3 21 1 8 44 5 10 16 1 71 3 1 20 1 22 4 16 5 30 - - - 1 59 1 4 27 6 - ‘ ' ' ' . - “ N um ber o f d a y s L e s s than 5 h o l id a y s ____ _____________________ ___ ______ ___ 5 holidays . ________ ___ 5 holidays plus 1 half day — -------------— --------6 holidays T -------- „___________________________ 6 holidays plus 1 h alf day __— ___ 6 holidays plus 2 half d a y s ____ — -----------------7 h o l id a y s _________________ 7 holidays plus 2 h alf days __— -----------------------7 holidays plus 3 h alf d a y s _____ ____ — --------8 holidays ___________ ______________ 8 holidays plus 1 h alf d a y ____________________ 9 h o lid a y s _ r _ _____ --------------- T.------------------------n 9 holidays plus 1 h alf day __ _________ 10 holidays plus 1 half day _________ ___ 2 - - 2 37 3 12 5 7 5 - 7 13 2 2 8 5 29 1 17 2 5 26 ( 5) 3 1 “ j 19 2 20 4 9 27 5 - 10 30 . 60 . (•) 2 - . . ” " - . . _ 3 (•) 60 60 90 90 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 40 55 58 91 96 96 96 96 Total h o lida y tim e 6 * 10Vi d a y s ______ _____________ 9l/z or more days ------------------------------------------9 or more d a y s __ __________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ 81/* or more d a y s ______ _______________ _____ 8 or more days __ _ __ 7 or more d a y s ______— ----------- -----6Vs or more days --------------------- ---------------6 or more days ________ _ _____ — __-____... 51/* or more days -----------------------------------5 or more days -----------------------------------------------4 or more d a y s _____ — — — .............. ...... 3 or more days _ — 2 or more days . . . _ ____ .. __________ 1 or more days . . . 3 . - 4 2 10 19 51 53 69 2 - 7 3 71 59 59 80 83 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 73 74 90 90 100 100 100 100 100 2 5 36 56 56 78 79 99 100 100 100 100 . - 6 6 33 33 38 39 98 98 99 99 99 8 11 13 26 37 • 1 1 2 2 4 6 49 60 63 100 100 100 100 100 35 37 53 54 83 85 86 87 88 43 46 44 66 68 87 87 87 88 88 _ 8 8 11 11 78 80 83 83 88 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 9 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 4 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 9 Less than 0. 5 percent. 4 All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated. Table B-5. Paid Vacations (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) PLANT WORKERS OFFICE WORKERS Vacation p o licy A ll w o rk e rs _______ - --------------- All . industries1 ---------------- M anufacturing Public , utilities2 W holesale trade Retail trade Finance3 All . industries4 M anufacturing Public , utilities2 W holesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 ?9 (*> - 100 ?9 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 96 85 10 1 - 95 75 21 - 100 100 - *96 92 4 - 98 93 5 - " * - 4 5 - 4 2 15 9 3 “ _ 41 - 6 32 - 13 24 - M e th o d o l p a y m e n t W orkers in establishm ents providing paid vacations ________ ____ _ — -------------L en gth *of-tim e p a y m e n t------ ------ — P ercentage payment __________ ____________ F la t-su m p a y m e n t ___________________ ______ Othe r — _____________________ „__ ,___________ r W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid vacations ____________________________ n - A m ount o f v a c a tio n p a y 7 A fter 6 months of s e r v ic e Under 1 week ____________ _____ ________ ___ 1 w eek ____ _ _________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ____________________ 2 w e e k s __________ ______ ____ ________ _______ 6 44 7 1 6 31 5 - „ 52 2 - 6 26 5 - 10 35 - 9 63 16 3 10 19 1 - . 27 (6) 72 . 24 76 _ 53 (6) 46 . 8 . 89 . 60 40 _ 5 95 2 65 1 28 . 68 2 25 _ 65 (6) 35 4 44 . 45 5 63 31 _ 9 3 87 1 . 12 88 _ 12 17 71 - . 5 95 - _ 15 1 80 4 _ 5 95 - 1 49 5 40 1 . 54 5 36 - _ 44 3 53 - _ 35 1 61 - 2 40 9 42 6 . 5 <6) 93 2 . 8 . 92 - . 1 99 - . 5 _ 95 - _ 4 1 91 4 . 5 _ 91 4 1 22 9 62 1 . 25 15 55 - 4 (6) 95 - _ 25 1 70 - 2 17 9 64 6 _ 5 . 8 92 . 1 99 . 5 . 95 . 23 15 57 - 95 2 17 9 64 - 1 21 9 63 1 . 25 1 70 - . 5 91 4 . 4 - . 4 1 91 4 - - 6 _ _ _ - 1 10 _ 7 1 77 6 4 _ (6) 99 - _ 13 2 13 9 61 2 11 A fter 1 year o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek __________ _________ __ ______ 1 w eek I..-,. - .I, __ O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _____________________ 2 w eeks __________________ ______________ After 2 years of s e r v ic e Under 1 week , 1 w eek ___ . _________________ _____ ____ O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _____________________ 2 w eeks r ____ ________ O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ____________________ After 3 years of s e r v ic e Under 1 week _________________________________ 1 w e e k ________ _____________ _ ____ _____ O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _____________________ 2 w e e k s __ ____ _ „ __________________ ____ ____ O ver 2 and under 3 weeks . . . . . . . . ______________ A fter 4 years of s e r v ic e Under 1 week . . . ________________ ____________ 1 w eek . . . . . . „,.rn__...................... ....l ---. O ver 1 and under 2 weeks . . . ________________ 2 w e e k s __________________ _________________ O ver 2 and under 3 weeks . . . . ____ ____________ (6) 93 2 (6) A fter 5 yea rs of s e rv ice Under 1 week _________________________________ 1 w e e k _________________________ _____________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______ ________ __. _ . 2 w eeks , _ _ ........ . _ . , , „ , O ver 2 and under 3 weeks ____________________ 3 w e e k s __ ______________ ____ __________ ._ See footnotes at end of table. _ 1 1 93 3 2 _ 2 (6) 94 1 2 (6) 98 1 1 3 96 . “ . 1 1 83 (6) 15 - 92 8 “ 3 75 3 4 3 81 - 21 Table B-5. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) O F F IC E W O R K E R S Vacation policy A m ount off vacation p a y 7— A ll . Industries* M an u fa cturin g P u b lic , u tilitie s * W h olesale tra d e PLAN T W ORKERS R e ta il trade F in a n c e 3 A ll 4 in dustries M an u fa cturin g P u b lic , utilities W h olesale tra d e R e ta il tra d e Continuod After 10 vears of service Under 1 week . 1 week _________________ „_______ ,________ . Over 1 and under 2 weeks __________________ 2 weeks _________________„ ___ T— n.__T„__ „r-_, T Over 2 and under 3 weeks ___ ____________ __ _ 3 weeks ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ _ 1 2 _ 65 4 30 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 59 21 11 67 67 8 25 _ 1 73 1 24 86 14 40 _ _ _ _ _ 1 (6) 10 1 51 10 24 _ 7 _ 53 16 19 _ _ _ 74 . 26 _ 13 _ 56 5 22 2 11 2 31 10 41 After 12 vears of service Under 1 week _____________________________ 1 week _____ _________________________ __ Over 1 and under 2 w eeks___ _____________ 2 weeks ------------------ --------- --------- ---------------------- ---------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks __________ ________ 3 weeks ------------------------ ------------ — ___________________ 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ 47 6 46 36 1 61 54 1 45 33 18 48 21 11 67 66 5 29 _ _ _ . . _ _ 1 1 . . 1 (6) 10 1 39 11 36 _ _ 7 _ „ 13 37 17 34 47 1 53 47 9 28 13 _ 2 11 2 31 10 41 After 15 years of service Under 1 week _____________________________ 1 week — _ _____________ _________ ______ Over 1 and under 2 weeks _______________________ 2 weeks , ___ _______ __________ _____________________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------------------3 weeks _____________________________________________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks _______________________ 4 weeks ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------After 20 vears of service Under 1 week __________________________________ __ 1 week _______________ __ ________________ Over 1 and under 2 weeks __________________ 2 weeks _____ ________________ __________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks -------------------------— 3 weeks ___ ______ _______ __ _ __ 4 weeks ---------------------------------------------------After 25 vears of service Under 1 week ____- _________ — ____________ _ 1 week . . . . -------- — — --------------------------------------- Over 1 and under 2 weeks — __ _____________ _ 2 week8 „__„_______ T__________ r— ________ Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------— --------3 weeks __________________________________ Over 3 and under 4 weeks __________________ 4 week. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 _ _ 1? (6) 79 1 (6) 27 (6) 71 2 20 . 19 17 . . . 98 79 78 _ _ 79 4 - _ _ - - - 2 _ _ _ _ 1 2 . _ _ . _ 1? (6) 62 18 27 (6) 68 3 84 14 42 38 _ _ _ 2 . 1 1 _ _ 20 _ _ _ _ 19 17 _ _ 41 39 70 13 _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ 1 . _ . 17 (6) 36 27 (6) 63 2 20 _ 19 12 . 57 24 10 25 . _ - . _ 46 8 42 56 1 1 70 . 64 _ . (6) 10 1 27 1 56 _ „ _ 30 2 55 3 36 2 11 2 30 _ 97 «. _ 48 49 2 2 - - 4 _ _ . _ 7 13 29 2 52 6 3 36 2 11 2 30 73 24 32 16 25 28 _ _ _ _ 7 13 29 2 44 2 12 3 36 2 11 2 30 55 20 12 42 27 41 (6) 10 1 26 1 45 14 (6) 10 1 26 1 34 1 23 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 4 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 3 Includes proportions of workers in establishments which did not provide paid vacations until after 2 years of service. 6 Less than 0. 5 percent. 7 Periods of service were arbitrarily chosen and do not necessarily reflect the individual provisions for progressions. indicated at 10 years' service include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years. 7 _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ „ _ For example, the changes in proportions NOTE: In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length-of-time," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay. 22 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (Percent of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, Atlanta, Ga., May 1962) OFFICE WORKERS | PLANT WORKERS Type of benefit Manufacturing Public , utilities1 2 Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 98 95 100 97 58 70 54 63 72 79 74 40 69 44 58 AH . industries * A ll w ork ers ------------------------------------------------------ 100 All 4 industries Manufacturing Public utllitl.'s 2 Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 99 93 97 100 93 83 29 59 55 62 57 63 38 77 85 59 66 75 72 73 59 43 49 17 24 51 72 48 53 19 29 54 31 43 15 18 9 30 14 45 7 91 91 51 74 76 (6) 90 90 66 84 89 (6) Retail trade Finance34 ! W orkers in establishm ents providing: Life insurance _____________________________ A ccidental death and dism em berm ent insurance _________________________________ Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or b o th 5 _________ —___________ Sickness and accident insurance _______ Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) _________________________ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period) ______________ ____ _____ H ospitalization insurance _________________ Surgical insurance . . . . . . . . . ___. . . . . . . . . _______ M edical insurance _________________________ Catastrophe insurance _____ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retirem ent pension . . . . ___. . . . __ ________ . . . . . No health, insurance, or pension plan ------ 15 90 89 64 78 82 ( 6) 3 31 3 99 95 69 65 75 77 77 61 84 76 93 90 66 85 90 (6) 16 1 I 6 39 3 29 87 85 48 41 55 5 98 96 51 31 55 2 82 82 61 71 75 84 75 48 55 64 4 73 73 40 45 52 12 1 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 4 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick-leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick-leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. 6 Less than 0. 5 percent. Appendix A: Changes in Occupational Descriptions stead of two (class A and B). The revised description for keypunch operator groups these workers into two defined classes (A and B) instead of a single category. Previously data were presented separately for general stenographers and technical stenographers. The revision combines general stenographers, with more responsible duties, and technical stenographers to form a new senior stenographer category; other general stenographers are maintained in that classification. Since the Bureau’ s last survey in this area, occupational descriptions for three office jobs were revised in order to obtain salary information for more specific categories. Therefore, data presented for these jobs in table A -l are not comparable to data presented in last year’ s bulletin. Revisions were made in the descriptions for file clerks, key punch operators, and stenographers. The revised description for file clerk groups these workers into three levels (class A, B, and C) in The revised occupational descriptions used this year are in cluded in appendix B. 23 Appendix B: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureaus wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. OFFICE BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. C lass A— Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal ance sheets, and other records by hand. Biller, machine (billing machine)—U se s a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)— s e s a bookkeeping U machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 25 26 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— odtinued C payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac counting clerks. C lass B-Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, FILE C lass A— an established filing system containing a number In of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks. C lass B— Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files. C lass C— Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers9orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the fo llow in g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers9 earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. 27 KEYPUNCH OPERATOR C la ss A— Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators. C la ss fi— Under close supervision or following specific proce dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis tributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and SECRETARY— Continued making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.) STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc. OR Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographer speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. 28 SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued C lass C —Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re petitive operations. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi tion or monitor=type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard. TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR C lass A— Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, D oes not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. C lass B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class A— Performs one or more o f the follow in g: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances. Class B— Performs one or more o f the follow in g: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. 29 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec trical, mechanical, or structural drafting. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the follow in g: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees9 injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicant^ and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the follow ing: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. 30 ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the follow ing: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or c h ie f engineers in esta b lish • ments employing more than one engineer are excluded . MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves m ost o f the follow ing: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the follow in g: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working 31 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves m ost o f the follow ing: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es tablishment. Work involves m ost o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the follow in g: Examining machines and mechan ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work in volves the follow in g: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings 32 PIPE FITTE R , MAINTENANCE-Continued SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or beating s y ste m s are exclu ded . types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker) PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the follow in g: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the follow in g: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER GUARD Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and ch eck on iden tity o f e m p lo y e e s and other persons entering . 33 JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER PACKER, SHIPPING (Sweeper; charwomen; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the follow ing: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work ers who specialize in window washing are excluded. Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may in volve one or more o f the follow in g: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P ackers who a lso make wooden b o xe s or crates are exclu ded . LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel barrow. Longshorem en, who load and unload ships are exclu ded . sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. ping work in v o lv e s: routes, Ship• A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. work in v o lv e s : May R eceivin g Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct ness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files. Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus tomers9 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform dther related duties. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: R eceivin g clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receivin g clerk 34 TRUCKDRIVER TRUCKER, POWER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesm en and over-the-road drivers are excluded . Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination Truckdriver, light (under Truckdriver, medium (1% Truckdriver, h eavy (over Truckdriver, heavy (over o f s i z e s listed separately) 1% tons) to and including 4 tons) 4 tons, trailer type) 4 tons, other than trailer type) For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
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