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Occupational Wage Survey
BURLINGTON, VERMONT
MARCH 1962
Bulletin No. 1303-50
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices
New Ragland Region
18 Oliver Street
Boston 10, Mass.
Liberty 2-211?
i^Ot*
Occupational Wage Survey
BURLINGTON, VERMONT
MARCH 1962
Bulletin No. 1303-50
May 1962
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary
BUREAU O F LABO R STA TISTICS
Ewan C lagu e , Commissioner
For solo by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D .C.
Price 20 cents
Preface
Contents
Page
The Bureau of Labor Statistics annually conducts
occupational wage surveys in 82 labor markets. The
studies provide data on occupational earnings and related
supplementary benefits. A preliminary report furnishing
trend data and average Warnings is released within a month
of the completion of each study. This bulletin provides
additional data not included in the preliminary report.
Two bulletins, bringing together the results of all
of the area surveys, are issued after completion of the
final area bulletin in the current round of surveys. The
first of these bulletins will be available late in 1962 and
the other early in 1963. During the survey year, sum
mary releases presenting areawide occupational earnings
data for 25 to 30 labor markets, are issued as data be
come available.
Introduction
Tables:
1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey _________
A: Occupational earnings: *
A - 1 . Office occupations—men and women ____________________
A -2. Professional and technical occupations—men ___________
A -3. Office, professional, and technical
occupations—men and women combined ____
A -4. Maintenance and powerplant occupations ____
A -5. Custodial and material movement occupations
2
3
3
Appendixes:
A. Changes in occupational descriptions ________________________
B. Occupational descriptions ___________________________________
This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau's re
gional office in Boston, M ass., by Leo Epstein, under
the direction of Paul V. Mulkern, Assistant Regional
Director for Wages and Industrial Relations.
1
Oi ^ ^
The Labor Market Occupational Wage Survey Program
* NOTE: Similar tabulations for these items and also tab
ulations on establishment practices and supplementary
wage provisions are available in previous area reports for
Burlington and for other major areas. A directory indi
cating the areas, dates of study, and prices of these
reports is available upon request.
Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels
in the Burlington area, are also available for seven se
lected building trades.
7
9
Occupational Wage Survey—Burlington, Vt.
Introduction
are presented (in the A-series tables) for the following types of occu
pations: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) mainte
nance and power plant; and (d) custodial and material movement.
This area is 1 of 82 labor markets in which the U.S. De
partment of L abors Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys
of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an area basis.
The bulletin presents current occupational employment and
earnings information obtained largely by mail from the establishments
visited by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey for
occupations reported in that earlier study. Personal visits were made
to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes
since the previous survey.
Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for
full-time workers, i . e . , those hired to work a regular weekly sched
ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude
premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and
late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-ofliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly
hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is
to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which
straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these
occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar.
In each area, data are obtained from representative establish
ments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transpor
tation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade;
retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major
industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations
and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having
fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because
they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied
to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of
the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria.
Average earnings of men and women are presented separately
for selected occupations in which both sexes are commonly employed.;
Differences in pay levels of men and women in these occupations are
largely due to (l) differences in the distribution of the sexes among
industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties per
formed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within,
the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of serv
ice or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this
basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average
pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job
descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usu
ally more generalized than those used in individual establishments to
allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties
performed.
These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the
unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain
optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large
than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, how
ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates
based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as re
lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, except
for those below the minimum size studied.
Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all
establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu
ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among
establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained
from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the
relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu
pational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earn
ings data.
Occupations and Earnings
The occupations selected for study are common to a variety
of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational clas
sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to
take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same
job. (See appendix for listing of these descriptions.) Earnings data
1
2
T a b le 1.
E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m b e r stu d ied in B u rlin gton , V t.,
Number of establishm ents
Industry division
b y m a jo r in d u stry d iv is io n , 2 M a r c h 1962
W orkers in establishm ents
Within, scope
o f study
W ithin'scope
o f study *
Studied
- --------
38
38
6,040
6, 040
Manufacturing
___ ____
____ __ ---- --------- -----Nonmanufacturing ________________________________________________
Transportation, com m unication, and other
public u tilitie s 1
4 ____ _________________________________________
3
2
W holesale trade 3
__~r___________________________ ,rnir__ __
__ ___
_
________ — - — _ ---- —
R etail tra d e 5 _»
Finance, insurance, and real es ta te5 ________________________
S e r v ic e s 5*6
_ _ _
„
---- — ------ _ ---------
19
19
19
19
4, 160
1,880
4, 160
1, 880
5
1
8
3
2
5
1
8
3
2
840
60
560
320
100
840
60
560
320
100
A ll divisions __
____ _ ----
------- -------
-------
----
Studied
1 T h e B u rlin g to n A r e a c o n s is t s o f B u rlin gton , E s s e x Ju n ction , South B u rlin gton , and W in oosk i. T he " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f stu dy" e s t im a t e s
show n in this ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip t io n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y . T h e e s t im a t e s
a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r a r e a e m p lo y m e n t in dexes to m e a s u r e em p lo y m e n t tr e n d s o r le v e ls s in c e
(1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e s ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance o f the p a y r o ll stu d ied , and (2) s m a ll e s t a b
lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d itio n o f the Standard In d u s tria l C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u s e d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n . M a jo r
ch a n g e s f r o m the e a r l ie r e d itio n (u s e d in the B u r e a u 's la b o r m a r k e t w a g e s u r v e y s c o n d u cte d p r i o r to Ju ly 1958) a re the t r a n s fe r o f m ilk p a s t e u r i
z a tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d c o n c r e t e e s ta b lis h m e n ts f r o m tra d e (w h o le s a le o r r e t a il) to m an u factu rin g, and the t r a n s fe r o f r a d io and t e le v is io n
b r o a d c a s t in g f r o m s e r v ic e s to the tr a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s divisio n .
3 In clu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a bove the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n (50 e m p lo y e e s ). A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the a r e a ) o f
c o m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s tr ie s as tr a d e , fin a n ce , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o t io n -p ic t u r e th e a te rs a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t.
4 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r t r a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e e x c lu d e d .
5 T h is in d u s tr y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s fo r " a l l in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s . S ep a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n
o f data fo r this d iv is io n is not m ade f o r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo ym e n t in the d iv is io n is too s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data
to m e r it s e p a r a te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p re s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r in adequ ate to
p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) th e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d is c lo s u r e o f in divid u al e s ta b lis h m e n t data.
6 H o te ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir s h o p s ; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ; and e n g in e e r in g
and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .
A: Occupational Earnings
3
Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women
(Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Burlington, Vt., M arch 1962)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—
Avnaon
Number
at
Sex, occupation, and industry division
worken
Weekly
boon1
(8t*ndard)
Weekly .
earnings1
(Standard)
$
40.00
and
under
$
45.00
$
50.00
4 5 .0 0
50.00
55.00
_
S
60.00
$
65.00
$
70.00
$
75.00
$
80.00
$
85.00
$
90.00
60.00_ 65.00
70.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00 100.00
$
55.00
$
95.00
S
$
$
S
$
100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00
and
105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 over
Men
8
39.5
$87.50
_
12
8
39.5
40.5
77.50
73.50
-
c la s s B ---------------------
10
40 *0
101.50
_
B ookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs, cla ss B ____________
Manufacturing ____________________________ _________
Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------------------------
31
7
24
39.0
39.5
39.0
59.00
70.50
56.00
_
-
C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A ------- --------------------- ------Nonmanufacturing --------------------- — _ —
------.
12
7
40.5
40.5
82.00
80.50
-
C lerk s, accounting, cla s s B ___________________________
Manufacturing ___________________ _____ ____
___
Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------------------------
52
10
42
38.5
40.0
38.0
71.00
70.50
71.00
_
1
1
C lerk s, accounting, c la s s A ___________________________
C lerk s, accounting, c la s s B ------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing ----------------- ---- ------------------Tabulating-m achine op e ra to rs,
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
2
_
_
2
2
_
-
1
1
2
2
1
1
-
-
2
"
4
4
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
1
_
1
5
_
1
_
_
22
1
1
-
12
1
11
-
6
6
-
4
2
2
4
4
1
1
4
2
1
1
'
1
'
.
"
-
_
"
1
1
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
1
1
2
2
~
1
1
_
-
-
_
1
1
_
-
-
-
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
-
4
1
3
4
1
3
7
1
6
15
1
14
10
2
8
_
8
1
7
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
_
_
8
7
1
-
_
_
4
3
1
-
_
_
2
1
1
1
_
_
1
1
-
_
_
2
2
-
_
_
2
2
-
1
1
W omen
C lerk s, p a yroll -------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________________________
16
10
39.5
39.0
75.00
71.50
S ecreta rie s ____________ ____ ___ _____________________
Manufacturing _____________________________________ _
Nonmanufacturing _____ ___ _______________________
Public u tilities 3 _____________ __________________
51
27
24
8
39.0
40.0
38.5
39.5
87.00
93.50
79.50
82.00
1
1
_
-
6
6
_
-
-
-
2
1
3
2
2
2
6
1
5
1
4
2
2
-
4
2
2
1
2
_ -------------------
7
42.0
59.00
_
_
Sw itchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n ists ___________________
9
39.0
66.00
_
.
2
2
.
2
T ypists, c la s s B ________________________________________
Manufacturing ___________ __________________________
17
13
39.5
39.5
55.50
56.00
3
3
7
4
!
1
2
2
2
1
______
________
-
1
1
3
1
2
1
3
Sw itchboard o p e ra to rs
-
-
_
-
3
_
.
-
.
.
.
2
2
3
1
_
5
1
3
2
1
1
_
.
.
_
_
_
.
.
_
_
_
1 Standard hours r e fle c t the workweek fo r which em ployees r e ce iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sala rie s and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hours.
2 A ll w o rk e rs w ere at $ 125 to $ 130.
3 T ransportation, com m unication, and other public utilities.
Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men
(Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Burlington, V t., M arch 1962)
Avsbagb
O ccupation and industry division
D raftsm en, junior ____________________________ _______
Manufacturing _______________________________________
Number
at
workers
Weekly
hours1
(Standard)
13
13
40.0
40.0
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—
*85.00
and
(Standard) under
90.00
Weekly j
$96.00
96.00“
1
*90.00
*95.00 1*00.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00
95.00 100.00 105.00
6
6
1
4
4
110.00 115.00
.
1
120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00 150.00
_
_
_
_
_
*
1 Standard hours r e fle ct the workweek for which em ployees r e c e iv e their regular straigh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours.
_
_
_
_
4
Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined
(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division , Burlington, Vt., M arch 1962)
O ccupation and industry division
Number
of
Average
weekly ,
earnings
(Standard)
O ccupation and industry division
31
7
24
$59.00
70.50
56.00
C le rk s, p a y r o l l _____________________________________
Nonmanufacturing . . .
____
P ublic u tilitie s 2
20
10
8
84.50
77.50
79.00
—
--- __
_ _____
64
14
50
72.00
75.00
71.50
_
C lerks, accounting, cla s s A
_________
Nonmanuf ac tur i n g ______________________________
Public utilities
_____________________________
Clark**, accounting, c la s s B
of
Average
weekly j
earnings
(Standard)
_
-
Nnnmannfactnring _ _
Number
of
workers
Occupation and industry d ivision
O ffice occupations— Continued
O ffice occupations
Bookkeeping-m achine op era to rs, cla s s B ________
Manufacturing
____
____
Nnnmarmfart-iirinpf
_
__
** ** ©
Number
Average
weekly j
earnings
(Standard)
O ffice occupations— Continued
_ __
....
__
__ _
__
_ _ _____ __ ___ __ _
__________________________
__
____ __ __ _ __
Switchboard o p e r a t o r s ____________________________ _
S ecre ta rie s
Manufacturing
Nonmanuf ac tur ing
Pu blic u t ilitie s 2
22
11
7
51
27
24
8
7
$76.50
70.50
73.00
87.00
93.50
79.50
82.00
59.00
Switchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s _________________
T abul ating - m achine op e ra to rs , c la s s B
Typists, cla ss B
Manufacturing
_ __ __ __
_
___________
_
9
$66.00
13
96.50
17
13
55.50
56.00
13
13
96.00
96.00
P ro fession a l and technica l occupations
Draftsm en, junior
Manufacturing
__
__ __ __ _ __ _
_____ ____
1 Earnings are fo r a regular w orkweek fo r which em ployees r e c e iv e their straigh t-tim e w eekly s a la r ie s , exclu sive of any prem ium pay.
2 T ransportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities.
Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r men in selected occupations studied on an area basis
by industry d ivision , Burlington, Vt., M arch 1962)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Number
of
workers
O ccupation and industry division
Average
hourly j
earnings
Under
$
1.50
$
1.50
and
under
1.60
1.80
$ 1.90
*2.00
1.90
2.00
2.10
*2.10
2.20
*2.20
*2.30
2.30
2.40
*2.40
2.50
*2.50
2.60
*2.60
*2.70
2.70
2.80
* 2.80
*2.90
*3.00
* 3 .1 0
2.90
3.00
3.10
3.20
-
1
1
1
“
1
1
-
"
4
4
~
-
-
"
~
-
"
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
1
1
"
1
1
2
2
1
1
-
5
5
-
"
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
"
2
2
_
“
1
1
4
4
-
-
"
“
_
-
■
-
-
“
-
_
_
_
_
2
_
4
4
3
5
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
.
2
_
_
2
2
1
1
!
$ 2.18
2.21
-
-
E lectrician s, m a in te n a n c e _____ - _______________
M a n u fa c tu r in g _____
____________ ____ _
10
10
2.55
2.55
_
-
_
F irem en, stationary b o i l e r __ __ __ ____
M anufacturing
____ __ ____
__
10
16
1788”
1.88
23
3
_
M echanics, autom otive (m a in te n a n ce )______
20
2.29
_
9
7
2.66
2.66
“
Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holid ays, and late shifts.
W orkers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $1.10 to $ 1.20; 1 at $1.20 to $1.30.
• | ..o
"
8
7
_ __ _
_ __ -
1.70
$ 1.70
1
1
Carpenters, m a in t e n a n c e ____ - __ ________
Manufacturing
____ _ __ — __ ---------- -
M echanics, m a in t e n a n c e ________ ____
Manufacturing
___________
* 1.60
_
1
1
_
!
1
-
5
Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(Average straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r s e le cte d occupations studied on an area basis
by industry division, Burlington, V t . , M arch 1962)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Number
of
workers
O ccu p ation 12 and industry division
Average
hourly ,
earnings
$
1.00
and
under
1.10
Jan itors, p o r te r s , and cle a n e rs __ ------------ ------Nonmanufacturing ------------- ------------ ------------------P ublic u tilities 3* -----------------------------------------
66
24
8
Jfc1 . 6Q
1755"
1.89
•
L a b o r e rs , m a teria l handling _______
____
Manufac turing ________________________ __ ___
Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------
71
53
18
1.73
1.74
1.71
"
P a ck ers, shipping ___________________________
M anufacturing
___ ___________ __ ____
22
20
1.92
1.99
-
_
_
R eceiving c le r k s _______________________________
M a n u fa ctu rin g ______________________________________
Nonmanufacturing _____ __ __________ _____
19
9
10
1.90
2.25
1.59
Shipping c le r k s _ _____ — ______________ — _____
M anufacturing __ _____
______ __ __ ____
12
10
2. 02
2. 09
Shipping and receivin g cle r k s _____________________
M anufacturing __ ________________ __ — — __ _
7
7
2.08
2.08
T r u c k d riv e r s 5 __ . __ __ ____ __ __ ______
M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________________
Nonmanufacturing ____
__
____ __ __ __
26
9
17
T ru ck d riv ers, m edium ( \ l !z to and
including 4 tons) ______ _____________
Watchmen _______________________ __
___
M anufacturing
----- ------- ------- __
__ _
-
1
1
$
1. 10
1.20
4
2
$
1.20
1. 30
$
1. 30
1.40
1.40
1.50
$
1. 50
1.60
$
,
1. 60
1.70
8
7
1
4
4
2
•
"
_
7
1
6
4
2
2
2
.
2
-
•
9
9
■
19
19
■
1
-
-
-
“
4
4
.
!
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
■
1
-
8
1
3
3
1
$
1.70
1.80
5
2
1. 80
1.90
6
■
7
6
2
1
$
1. 90
2. 00
22
1
1
$
2.0 0
2. 10
1
1
$
2. 10
2. 20
$
2. 20
2. 30
-
-
1
“
"
10
10
■
-
9
9
$
2 .30
2.40
3
3
3
1
1
2
2
-
!
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
.
.
-
-
-
2
■
■
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
-
1
.
2
2
2
2
-
-
2
2
■
_
2
2
"
2
2
■
2
2
•
-
1
_
-
2
-
_
-
-
"
.
.
1
.
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2. 27
2. 02
2.41
-
1
1
"
1
1
•
- '
■
1
1
•
-
8
2. 37
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
7
1.34
1.39
2
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
$
"
1
-
1 Data lim ited to m en w o rk e rs.
2 E xcludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
2 T ran sportation, com m u nication, and other public utilities.
A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 2. 80 to $ 2. 90.
s Includes all d r iv e r s r e g a rd le s s o f size and type o f truck operated.
$
-
-
2
1
1
-
1
5
4
1
1
“
$
2.4 0
2. 50
$
2. 50
2 .60
-
-
-
-
"
-
2
2
-
6
-
-
-
2
2
-
1
1
1
1
.
-
-
_
1
6
$
2.60
2.70
-
2. 70
and
over
-
_
_
-
1
1
2
2
■
-
1
1
-
j
-
$
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
42
2
.
_
15
15
_
_
-
-
5
_
_
_
Appendix A: Changes in Occupational Descriptions
stead of two (class A and B). The revised description for keypunch
operator groups these workers into two defined classes (A and B)
instead of a single category. Previously data were presented separately
for general stenographers and technical stenographers. The revision
combines general stenographers, with more responsible duties, and
technical stenographers to form a new senior stenographer category;
other general stenographers are maintained in that classification.
Since the Bureau’ s last survey in this area, occupational
descriptions for three office jobs were revised in order to obtain salary
information for more specific categories. Therefore, data presented
for these jobs in table A -l are not comparable to data presented in last
year’ s bulletin.
Revisions were made in the descriptions for file clerks, key
punch operators, and stenographers. The revised description for file
clerk groups these workers into three levels (class A, B, and C) in
The revised occupational descriptions used this year are in
cluded in appendix B.
7
Appendix B: Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its
field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll
titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is
essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content.
Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the
Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those
prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are in
structed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time,
temporary, and probationary workers.
OFFICE
BILLER,. MACHINE
BOOKKE EPING-MACHIN E OPERATOR
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other
than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as
to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental
to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are
classified by type of machine, as follows:
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott
Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without
a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
Class A—Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of
and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with
the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines
proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used
in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, bal
ance sheets, and other records by hand.
Biller, machine (billing machine)—-Uses a special billing ma
chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in
voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders,
shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma
chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of
the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Class B—Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of
a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book
keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described
under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in
ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)—Uses a bookkeeping
machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which
may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’
bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in
volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec
ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number
of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically
the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping.
Works from uniform and standard types of sales and
credit slips.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
Class A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account
ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com
plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish
ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts
9
10
CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued
payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper ac
counting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in
making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing,
adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B ac
counting clerks.
Class B—Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac
counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or ac
counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers con
trolled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data.
This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and book
keeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several
workers.
CLERK, FILE
Class A—In an established filing system containing a number
of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material
such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May
also file this material. May keep records of various types in con
junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file
clerks.
Class B—Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by sim
ple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer
subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference
aids.
As requested locates clearly identified material in files
and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required
to maintain and service files.
Class C—Performs routine filing of material that has already
been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial
classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numer
ical). As requested, locates readily available material in files
and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Per
forms simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and
service files.
CLERK, ORDER
Receives customers9orders for material or merchandise by mail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following:
Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items
to make up the order; checking prices and quantities o f items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be
filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of
customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders
to see that they have been filled, keep file o f orders received, and check
shipping invoices with original orders.
CLERK, PAYROLL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces
sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers9
earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated
data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, work
ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due.
May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis
tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.
COMPTOMETER OPERATOR
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema
tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that o f statis
tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use o f a Comp
tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance
of other duties.
DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)
Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi
bilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter,
using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such
as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to
prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto
masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material.
11
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Class A—Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina
tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu
ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower
level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of
coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example,
locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts
information from several documents; and searches for and interprets
information on the document to determine information to be punched.
May train inexperienced operators.
Class B—Under close supervision or following specific proce
dures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to
punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or com
bination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May
verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents,
follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed
in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting
data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes,
missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor.
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
Performs various routine duties such as running errands, opera
ting minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and dis
tributing mail, and other minor clerical work.
SECRETARY
Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an
administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint
ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and
SECRETARY— Continued
making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential
mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking
dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand
or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the
recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare
special reports or memorandums for information of superior.
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a
normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from
written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other
relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool.
Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine
operator.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a var
ied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or
reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type
from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.
OR
Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater
independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evi
denced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographer
speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general busi
ness and office procedures and of the specific business operations,
organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this
knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical
tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for
reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general
instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine
questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.
12
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard.
Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office
calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information
to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For
workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist.
TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued
Class C-Operates simple tabulating or electrical account
ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc.,
with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams
and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a
work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or re
petitive operations.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi
tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type
or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing
or clerical work may take the major part of this worker’ s time while at
switchboard.
TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR
Class A—Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical ac
counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu
lator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs com
plete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs
difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating
assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re
ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring
some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more
experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera
tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring
from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports,
Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine
operations and day-to-day supervision o f the work and production
of a group o f tabulating-machine operators.
Class B—Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical ac
counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition
to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under
specific instructions and may include the performance of some wir
ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu
lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but
small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report.
Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where
the procedures are well established. May also include the training
of new employees in die basic operation of the machine.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal rou
tine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from
written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation
involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal
briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who
takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is
classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
Uses a typewriter to make copies o f various material or to
make out bills after calculations have been made by another person.
May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in
duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special
training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or
sorting and distributing incoming mail.
Class A—Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma
terial in final form when it involves combining material from several
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc
tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma
terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical
tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type
routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.
Class B—Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing
from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance pol
icies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying
more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.
13
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued
DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR
(Assistant draftsman)
Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts
man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings
from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction
of a draftsman.
completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quan
tities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in
drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil
drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings.
Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, elec
trical, mechanical, or structural drafting.
DRAFTSMAN, LEADER
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep
aration o f working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary
sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints,
sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures;
assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and per
forming more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emer
gencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a
supervisory or administrative nature.
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR
Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough
or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing
purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing
working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by
use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as
those involved in strength o f materials, beams and trusses; verifying
A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured
employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the
premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina
tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to
subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients
treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes;
conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicant^
and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health
education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other
activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.
TRACER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing
tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses
T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw
ings and do simple lettering.
MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued
Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main
tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs,
counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim
made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following:
Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or
verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable
power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop
computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials
necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance car
penter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
14
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
Installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis
tribution, or utilization o f electric energy in an establishment. Work
involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety
of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards,
controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems,
or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay
out, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the elec
trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to
load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety
of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In
general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping
a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma
chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools;
and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The
kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade:
In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding
materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per
mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade
that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation
of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup
ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera
tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining
equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors,
turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and
boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record
of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May
also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded.
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes,
or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages,
jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring
complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre
cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and
operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation
to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to rec
ognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper
coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study
purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water
and safety valve.
May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom
equipment.
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of
metal parts o f mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work
involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and
specifications; planning and laying out o f work; using a variety of ma
chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and
operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler
ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of
work, tooling, feeds and speeds o f machining; knowledge of the working
IS
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE—Continued
MILLWRIGHT
properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts,
and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts
into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally
requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout
are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying
out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a
variety o f handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re
lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining
and balancing o f equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and
parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general,
the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experi
ence in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es
tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive
equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and
performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting
valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle
and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the auto
motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually ac
quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment.
Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan
ical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dis
mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of
handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective
parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a re
placement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine
shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs
or for the production o f parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling
machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In gen
eral, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva
lent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are
workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.
OILER
Lubricates* with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur
faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment.
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es
tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu
liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing
surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush.
May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain
proper color or consistency. In general, the work o f the maintenance
painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and
pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following:
Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from draw
ings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to
correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe
cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by
hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings
16
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued
SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE-Continued
and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relat
ing to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard
tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general
the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva
lent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and
repairing building sanitation or beating systems are excluded.
types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in
cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing
sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work o f the maintenance
sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker)
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of
vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and
fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake.
In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an
establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay
ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints,
models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available
Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fix
tures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work
involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out o f work from
models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas
uring instruments, understanding o f the working properties o f common
metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related
equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating o f metal
parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve
required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling
of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appro
priate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die
maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom
practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers
in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.
CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER
GUARD
Transports passengers between floors of an office building
apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment.
Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as
those of starters and janitors are excluded.
Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour,
maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and
other persons entering.
17
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
PACKER, SHIPPING
(Sweeper; charwomen; janitress)
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial
or other establishment. Duties involve a combination o f the following:
Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,
trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish
ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte
nance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Work
ers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of
the following: Knowledge of various items o f stock in order to verify
content; selection o f appropriate type and size of container; inserting
enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels
or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make
wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store,
or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or
from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelv
ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location;
and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheel
barrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, cus
tomers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders
and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders
requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and
perform dther related duties.
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon
sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices,
routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing
records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight
and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May
direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving
work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correct
ness o f shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records;
checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchan
dise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary
records and files.
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
18
TRUCKDRIVER
TRUCKER, POWER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma
terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types o f estab
lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,
wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments
and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload
truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep
truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers
are excluded.
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a
warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size
and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on
the basis of trailer capacity.)
Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light {under Vfa tons)
Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type, o f
truck, as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
WATCHMAN
Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property
against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
,S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1962 0 — 640896
@FedFRASER