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Occupational Wage Survey PORTLAND, OREGON—WASHINGTON MAY 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-72 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey PORTLAND, OREGON-WASHINGTON M AY 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-72 July 1961 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price cents Preface Contents Page T h e C om m u n ity W age S u rv ey P r o g r a m In trod u ction _________________________________________________________________ W age tren d s f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g r o u p s ___________________________ T h e B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistic s r e g u la r ly con d u cts a re a w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n u m b er o f im p orta n t in d u str ia l cen ters. T h e s tu d ie s, m a d e fr o m la te fa ll to e a r ly s p rin g , r e la te to o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits . A p r e lim in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n o f the study in ea ch a r e a , u su a lly in the m on th fo llo w in g the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied . T h is b u lle tin p r o v id e s ad d ition a l data not in clu d ed in the e a r lie r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly tica l b u lletin su m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f a ll o f the y e a r ’ s su r v e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le tio n o f the fin a l a r e a b u lletin fo r the c u r r e n t roun d o f s u r v e y s . T a b le s : T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in San F r a n c is c o , C a lif. , b y W illia m P . O ’C on n or, under the d ir e c tio n o f John L . D ana, A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r fo r W ages and In d u stria l R e la tio n s . A ppendix: 1. 2. A: E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y ____________ In dexes o f stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p s , and p e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s __________________ 2 2 O ccu p a tion a l e a rn in g s: * A - 1. O ffic e occu p a tio n s ______________________________ A - 2. P r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c cu p a tio n s _______ A - 3. M ain ten an ce and p ow erp la n t o c cu p a tio n s _____ A -4 . C u sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o ccu p a tio n s O ccu p a tion a l d e s c r ip tio n s ____________________________________ * N O TE: S im ila r ta bu la tion s f o r th e se and oth er ite m s , in clu d in g e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n ^ , a r e a v a ila b le in the P o r tla n d a r e a r e p o r t s f o r June 1951, S ep tem b er 1952 and 1953, A p r il o f ea ch y e a r fr o m 1955 th rough 1959, and M ay I9 60. The A p r il 1959 r e p o r t w a s lim ite d to o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s. i ii \ 3 11 Occupational W aae Survey—Portland, Oreg.-Wash. Introduction This area is one of several important industrial centers in which the U. S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an area basis. The bulletin presents current occupational employment and earnings information obtained largely by mail from the establishments visited by Bureau field economists in the last previous survey for occu pations reported in that earlier study. Personal visits were made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes since the previous survey. In each area, data are obtained from representative establish ments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transpor tation, 1 communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; re tail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted alsc because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to war rant inclusion. Wherever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estimates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as re lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied. take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. (See appendix for listing of these descriptions. ) Earnings data are presented (in the A-series tables) for the following types of occupa tions: (a) Office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) mainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and material movement. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but cost-ofliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for whicl straight-time salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Average earnings of men and women are presented separately for selected occupations in which both sexes are commonly employed. Differences in pay levels of men and women in these occupations are largely due to (l) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties per formed, although the occupations are appropriately classified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of serv ice or merit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descriptions used in classifying employees in these surveys are usu ally more generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties performed. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational clas sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to 1 Railroads, formerly excluded from the scope of these studies, were included in all of the areas studied since July 1959, except Balti more (September 1959 and December I960), Buffalo (October 1959), Cleveland (September 1959), and Seattle (August 1959). Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not materially affect the accuracy of the earn ings data. 2 Table 1. E stablishm ents and w ork ers within scope of survey and number studied in Portland, O r e g .—W ash. , 1 by m ajor industry division, 2 May 1961 Number of establishm ents Industry division A ll divisions ___________________ Within scope of study 3 _____________________________________ Manufacturing _________________________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________________________________________ Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 4 _____________ __________________________ W h olesale trade 5 _________________________________________________ Retail trade ________________________________________________________ Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te 5 _________________________ Services 5* 6 _ W ork ers in establishm ents Studied Within scope study Studied 532 151 103, 900 58, 170 222 310 63 88 49, 200 54, 700 27, 070 31. 100 61 83 82 43 41 24 19 23 10 12 19, 7, 15, 7, 3, 15, 2, 7, 3, 1, 900 900 700 400 800 360 510 990 810 430 1 The Portland Standard M etropolitan S tatistical A r e a (C lackam as, Multnomah, and W ashington Counties, O r e g ., and Clark County, W a s h .). The "w o rk ers within scope of study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate d escription of the size and com position of the labor forc e included in the survey. The estim ates are not intended, however, to serve as a b a sis of com parison with other area em ploym ent indexes to m easu re em ployment trends or le vels since (1) planning of wage su rveys requ ires the use of establishm ent data com piled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm a ll establishm ents are excluded from the scope of the survey. 2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial C lassification Manual was used in classifyin g establishm ents by industry d ivision. M ajor changes from the ea rlie r edition (used in the B ureau's labor m arket wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the tra n sfer of m ilk pasteurization plants and read y-m ixed concrete establishm ents from trade (w holesale or retail) to manufacturing and the tra n sfer of radio and television broadcasting from se r v ic e s to the transportation, communication, and other public u tilities division. 3 Includes all establishm ents with total em ployment at or above the m in im u m -siz e lim itation (50 em ployees). A ll outlets (within the area) of com panies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair serv ic e, and m otion -p icture theaters are considered as 1 establishm ent. 4 Taxicabs and se r v ic e s incidental to water transportation w ere excluded. 5 This industry division is represented in estim ates for "a l l in d u str ie s" and "nonm anufacturing" in the S eries A tables. Separate presentation of data for this d ivision is not m ade for one or m ore of the following r ea so n s: (1) E m ploym ent in the division is too sm a ll to provide enough data to m e rit separate study, (2) the sam ple w as not designed initially to p erm it separate presentation, (3) response w as insufficient or inadequate to perm it separate presentation, (4) there is p ossib ility of d isclosu re of individual establishm ent data. 6 H otels; p erson al s e r v ic e s ; business' s e r v ic e s ; autom obile repair sh ops; m otion p ic tu r e s; nonprofit m em b ersh ip organ ization s; and engineering and architectu ral se r v ic e s. Table 2. Indexes of standard w eekly sa la r ie s and stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in r o iu a n d , O r e g .—W a s h ., May 1961 and May i9 6 0 , and p ercen ts of in crea se for selected periods Indexes (Septem ber 1952 * 100) Industry and occupational group May 1961 May I960 P ercent in crea ses from — A p ril I9 60 to May 1961 A p ril 1959 to May i9 6 0 A p ril 1958 to A p ril 1959 A p ril 1957 to A p ril 1958 A p ril 1956 to A p ril 1957 A p ril 1955 to A p ril 1956 Septem ber 1953 to A p ril 1955 Septem ber 1952 to Septem ber 1953 A ll in d u str ie s: Office c le r ic a l (women) ___________ Industrial nurses (women) ------Skilled maintenance (men) ________ Unskilled plant (men) -------- -------- 139. 138. 144. 139. 6 0 1 8 135. 1 1 3 5 .7 138. 9 135. 4 3. 3 1 .7 3. 8 3 .2 3. 7 2 .9 3. 6 4. 1 3. 6. 4. 3. 2 3 4 8 5. 1 7 .4 5. 8 5. 2 3. 2. 5. 4. 6 1 5 6 5. 4. 4. 3. 2 3 9 0 5. 4 6 .9 3 .9 5. 4 4. 1. 5. 4. 7 6 5 9 M anufacturing: Office c le r ic a l (women) ----------------Industrial nurses (women) ________ Skilled maintenance (men) ------------Unskilled plant (men) --------------------- 139. 8 1 3 4 .4 145. 0 138. 9 135. 1 1 3 3 .6 140. 0 136. 3 3 .5 .6 3. 6 1 .9 4. 1. 3. 4. 3. 6. 4. 2. 1 3 2 1 3. 8 7 .5 6 .2 5. 3 5. . 6. 4. 3 7 2 6 4. 5. 5. 3. 0 0 1 1 5. 7. 4. 6. 4. . 4. 5. 3 8 6 5 7 8 4 5 6 8 7 7 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups Presented in table 2 are indexes of salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and of average earnings of selected plant worker groups. In areas which Were not surveyed during the fiscal 1953 base year (July 1952 to June 1953) this table is limited to percents of change between selected periods. For office clerical workers and industrial nurses, the indexes relate to average weekly salaries for normal hours of work, that is, the standard work schedule for which straight*time salaries are paid. For plant worker groups, they measure changes in straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on week ends, holidays, and late shifts. The indexes are based on data for selected key occupations and include most of the numerically important jobs within each group. The office clerical data are based on women in the following 18 jobs: Billers, machine (billing machine); bookkeepingmachine operators, class A and B; Comptometer operators; clerks, file, class A and B; clerks, order; clerks, payroll; keypunch operators; office girls; secretaries; stenographers, general; switchboard opera tors; switchboard operator-receptionists; tabulating-machine opera tors; transcribing-machine operators, general; and typists, class A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on women industrial nurses. Men in the following 10 skilled maintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs were included in the plant worker data: Skilled-—carpenters; electricians; machinists; mechanics; mechanics, automotive; m ill wrights; painters; pipefitters; sheet-metal workers; and tool and die makers; unskilled—janitors, porters, and cleaners; laborers, ma terial handling; and watchmen. Average weekly salaries or average hourly earnings were computed for each of the selected occupations. The average salaries or hourly earnings were then multiplied by the average of 1953 and 1954 employment in the job. These weighted earnings for individual occupations were then totaled to obtain an aggregate for each occupa tion^ group. Finally, the ratio of these group aggregates for a given year to the aggregate for the base period (survey month, winter 1952—53) was computed and the result multiplied by the base year index (100) to net the index for the given year. Similar procedures were followed in compiling "percents of change" in ar£as not surveyed during 1953. Adjustments have been made where necessary to maintain comparability so that the year-to-year comparisons are based on the same industry and occupational coverage. For example, railroads have been included in the coverage of the surveys only since July 1959. In computing the indexes for the first year in w£ich railroads were included, data relating to railroads were excluded. Indexes for subse quent years include data for railroads. The indexes measure, principally, the effects of (1) general salary and wage changes; (2) merit or other increases in pay received by individual workers while in the same job; and (3) changes in the labor force such as labor turnover, force expansions, force reduc tions, and changes in the proportion of workers employed by estab lishments with different pay levels. Changes in the labor force can cause increases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. For example, a force esqpansion might increase the proportion of lower paid workers in a specific occupation and re sult in a drop in the average, whereas a reduction in the proportion of lower paid workers would have the opposite effect. The movement of a high-paying establishment out of an area could cause the average earnings to drop, even though no change in rates occurred in other area establishments. The use of constant employment weights eliminates the effects of changes in the proportion of workers represented in each job in cluded in the data. Nor are the indexes influenced by changes in standard work schedules or in premium pay for overtime, since they are based on pay for straight-time hours. Indexes for the period 1953 to I960 for workers in 20 major labor markets are presented in BLS Bull. 1265-62, Wages and Re lated Benefits, 60 Labor Markets, Winter 1959-60. 4 A* Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, P ortland, O r e g .—W ash. , May 1961) Avebagb Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weeklyhours 1 (Standard) 40. 00 Weekly and earnings1 (Standard) under 45 . 00 $ 45. 00 $ 50. 00 $ 55. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 and 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 over Men 0 0 0 0 $1 0 9 .5 0 105.00 111.00 115.00 _ - . - - . - _ - - 75 34 41 31 3 9 .5 39. 5 40. 0 40 . 0 91.50 81.50 100.00 102.50 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 173 45 128 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 103.00 111.00 100.00 _ - _ - _ - _ - C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A _____________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------Public u tilit ie s 3 _ __________________ _____________ 250 60 190 81 C le r k s, accounting, c la s s B _____________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public u tilities 3 _____________________________________ C lerk s, ord er ______________________________________________ Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ 40 . 40 . 40 . 40 . - _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ - 6 6 - 28 22 6 - _ - _ - 4 4 _ - 1 1 - 8 8 - 15 4 11 3 33 17 16 5 37 12 25 11 36 11 25 14 30 5 25 12 50 1 49 6 14 5 9 9 2 26 4 22 21 7 7 7 7 7 7 11 11 9 8 8 6 _ - _ . - _ _ - 6 6 - - - - 2 _ 2 2 19 1 18 5 5 25 13 12 21 4 17 40 3 37 8 8 7 7 13 5 8 19 10 9 12 ’ 9 3 2 7 1 2 _ 1 2 _ _____________________________________________ 35 4 0 .0 9 1 .00 _ . - . _ 9 - 2 4 5 _ __________________________________________________ 83 33 50 4Q. 0 40. 0 3 9 .5 59.00 53.50 6 2 .00 _ - 10 10 - 20 12 8 28 3 25 10 3 7 1 1 5 3 2 3 1 2 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 6 6 - - - - - - - - ________________ 23 40 . 0 118.00 - _ - _ . _ . . _ 1 _ 1 2 2 4 1 2 5 10 Tabulating - machine op erators, c la s s B ________________ Manufacturing _______ __ ---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ _______ - 67 31 36 40 . 0 40. 0 39. 5 100.00 98 .50 101.00 . - - - . - _ - _ - _ - 3 3 - 4 3 1 2 2 14 7 7 12 7 5 12 2 10 8 3 5 5 1 4 3 1 2 4 4 - - B ille r s , machine (billing machine) ______________________ N<">nmanufacturing ______________________________________ _ _ 5 i ____ 71 39. 5 40 . 0 71 .50 72 .50 _ 1 - 6 5 7 7 12 8 24 14 12 10 4 3 9 9 15 12 1 - «. 3 3 _ _ _ _ . - “ - B ille r s , machine (bookkeeping machine) ----------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------- 31 29 40 . 0 40 . 0 59.00 57.00 _ 11 11 4 4 5 5 5 5 _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ - 4 4 - - - - - B ookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss A ______________ Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------------- __ __ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------- 75 42 33 40 . 0 40 . 0 40. 0 82 .00 83.50 80 .0 0 _ - _ - _ - _ - 8 8 _ - 18 11 7 23 20 3 6 6 - 11 3 8 1 - - 4 4 Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B ------------— — Manufacturing __________ _____ ___ _________ ________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------- ------------- ------------R etail trade ---------------------------------------------------------------- 450 62 388 61 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 67.50 75 .5 0 6 6 .00 6 9 .00 _ - 13 13 1 44 44 4 62 62 4 92 4 88 15 70 15 55 6 58 3 55 18 48 26 22 15 5 10 10 1 9 5 7 7 3 31 8 23 5 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A --------------------------------------- — Manufacturing _______________________________ __________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ ________________ R etail trade ______ _______________________________ _ 220 80 140 50 39. 5 3 9 .5 40 . 0 40 . 0 8 6 .00 90 .5 0 8 3 .00 8 0 .00 4 4 33 10 10 6 22 7 15 7 32 19 13 2 34 13 21 6 34 17 17 9 19 C le r k s, payroll o f f ic e b o y s Manufacturing _____________ ______________ ____ ___ _______ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------Tabulating-m achine op erators, c la ss A _ W omen - - _ - - _ _ - - 33 14 - - - - - - 1 1 _ - 3 1 2 _ _ . _ _ _ - - - _ - _ _ - _ - _ _ _ .. _ _ - - _ _ 2 _ 2 “ ~ - 1 3 16 4 16 14 2 2 - - - - 7 6 1 3 4 1 2 _ 4 ' see footnotes at end of table, - ' ' 5 Table A-1. Office Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision, P ortland, O r e g .—W ash. , M ay 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Avebaqb S ex, Number of workers o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Weekly hours 1 (Standard) $ 4 0 . 00 Weekly and earnings1 (Standard) u n d e r 4 5 .0 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $. 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . o o 115. 00 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 . 00 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 50. 00 $ 55. 00 * 6 0 . 00 $ 6 5. 00 $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 5 . 00 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ 8 5 . 00 $ 9 0 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 6 0 .0 0 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 . 00 1 2 0 .0 0 and 125. 00 over W o m e n — C o n tin u e d 613 137 476 77 191 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0 .0 - 44 43 39. 5 3 9 .5 7 5 . 00 7 5 .0 0 M a n u f a c t u r i n g _ -------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ ____ ______ ______________________ 307 40 267 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 0 56. 00 6 2 . 50 55. 00 C le r k s , o r d e r ___ _ _ _ _____________ __ __ __ __ __ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------ __ __ _ --------- __ -------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________________________ 278 92 186 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 5 . 50 7 2 . 00 7 7 . 00 C le r k s , p a y r o ll _ — __ _ _ --------------- — — M a n u fa c t u r in g _ — ------------------------------- __ ---------- _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g — — _ __ — __ _ — __ P u b lic u t il it ie s 3 _ -------------------- --------- __ --------R e t a i l t r a d e ___ _ __ ___ _ ______________ ____ 276 119 157 54 57 40. 39. 40. 40. 40. 81. 80. 82. 95. 70. C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s _____ __ __ __ — -----M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___ __________________________________________— N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g — __ -----------__• — __ __ _ ------ — - — — R e t a i l t r a d e — ---------- 404 186 218 83 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ___________ ____ ______ — M a n u f a c t u r i n g _ ---------------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g — ------------------------------------------- — „ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 3 --------------------------- ------- --------- --------R e t a i l t r a d e __ __ __________ __________ __ — --------C le r k s , file , c la s s A N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ----------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- D u p lic a t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ( M i m e o g r a p h o r D it t o ) _____ K eyp u n ch o p e ra to rs M a n u fa c tu r in g _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 _ _ _ __ _ O f f i c e g i r l s -----_ _ M a n u fa c t u r in g _ _ _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g S e c r e ta r ie s __ __ M a n u fa c t u r in g _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 3 R e t a il t r a d e _ _____________ _ __ _ _ __ ____ — — _ _ _ — — __ _ _ — __ _ _ _ — ------__ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ S ten og ra p h ers, g e n e ra l _ M a n u fa c tu r in g _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic u t il it ie s 3 - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ — — — _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 5 0 0 0 $71. 76. 70. 87. 67. 50 50 50 50 50 25 3 22 5 40 3 37 18 48 6 42 17 117 19 98 5 73 122 34 88 6 48 99 33 66 9 21 44 17 27 16 4 31 12 19 9 3 14 2 12 7 18 2 16 16 - 38 38 2 - - _ _ _ _ - - - 9 9 12 11 7 7 _ - 7 7 3 3 4 4 11 1 10 1 39 5 134 34 6 28 28 2 26 32 11 21 12 8 4 16 1 15 19 1 18 7 4 3 1 1 _ 7 4 3 13 8 5 46 21 25 43 13 30 45 9 36 23 7 16 19 19 15 6 9 - 43 9 34 6 18 7 1 6 2 2 30 13 17 1 9 21 6 15 8 38 13 25 5 _ 2 2 2 - - 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ 1 - - - 4 4 1 1 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 63 4 59 5 2 3 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - " 10 5 5 32 21 11 1 3 48 26 22 14 4 26 9 17 3 15 12 3 3 4 7 6 7 7 7 1 - * - 11 11 7 4 - - 84 21 63 34 35 28 7 2 116 97 19 - 24 6 18 8 1 7 3 3 _ - _ - - “ " - - - 2 1 - - 1 - _ - - - - 1 1 - - - - " _ - - - - 4 4 4 9 22 18 4 4 7 7 . 00 8 1 . 50 7 3 .5 0 6 6 . 50 _ - 6 6 6 13 13 7 29 2 27 19 27 12 15 2 _ 4 - 15 8 6 - 19 6 13 41 13 28 3 57 18 39 17 55 18 37 7 55 11 44 22 20 10 10 7 24 8 16 14 22 3 19 16 16 2 14 9 1 1 _ 3 1 2 1 1 4 4 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - 54 28 26 12 3 79 34 45 10 13 137 34 103 9 26 81 28 53 7 31 l 25 21 20 7 13 12 7 2 - 57 25 32 13 2 - " 73 17 56 161 38 123 15 85 21 64 20 73 42 62 29 10 6 “ T 3— — 5— 5 6 4 6 37 4 0 .0 6 6 . 00 326 94 232 98 3 9 .5 40. 0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 7 4 .0 0 71 . 50 7 4 . 50 8 1 . 00 - - - 15 5 10 2 165 25 140 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 5 2 . 50 54. 50 5 2 .0 0 20 20 41 36 66 16 50 18 1 17 10 1 9 670 255 415 123 3 9 .5 _ _ l 8 - - 1 - - 19 11 8 - 55 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 8 8 . 00 8 6 . 50 8 9 .0 0 99. 00 8 2 . 00 - - - - - 862 228 634 146 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 77. 00 8 0 .0 0 7 5 . 50 9 0 . 50 _ _ - - 27 1 26 42 2 40 121 20 101 1 5 5 3 33 18 15 4 2 128 “ 35— 92 6 7 T 5— 28 14 72 28 27 17 10 44 4 ~ lz 20 18 4 — 7 55 41 15 11 - - " n - - _ ' See footnotes at end o f table. 1 - 50 50 50 00 50 - . 3 3 2 2 2 - 4 0 .0 ! 11 5 6 5 " 1 " _ 4 4 4 - _ _ _ - - - - - - _ _ _ - - - - " 34 9 8 5 4 5 29 19 - 5 5 3 1 1 3 - - 2 2 2 _ - 6 Table A-1. Office Occupations-Continued (A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry d ivision, P ortland, O r e g .—W ash . , May 1961) Avebaqs Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly, Weekly j 4 0 . 00 hours and (Standard) (Standard) under 4 5 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 50. 00 $ 5 5 .0 0 * 60. 00 $ 65. 00 $ $ $ $ 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 8 5 .0 0 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 0Q 8 0 .0 0 6 6 6 31 1 30 8 27 4 23 - 43 17 26 4 9 22 4 18 4 1 23 2 21 12 7 1 6 3 " 45 23 22 4 ~ 45 19 26 6 8 5 .0 0 90. 00 $ 9 0 .0 0 $ $ 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 $ $ $ S $ 105. 00 1 1 0 .0 0 115. 00 120. 00 125. 00 and " - 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105. 00 1 1 0 .0 0 115. 00 1 2 0 .0 0 125. 00 over W omen— Continued Switchboard op erators __________ _______ _______ ______ Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing _______________________ _____________ Public u tilit ie s 3 ________ __ — ------------------Retail trade ____ _____ — __ _____ ___ 191 31 160 51 25 4 0 .0 40. 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 Switchboard o p erator-recep tion ists ______ __ __ __ Manufacturing ----__ __ __ ------------------- __ — — -------- ----_ — Nonmanufacturing ______ __ Public u tilit ie s 3 ____ __ _____ — _______ _____ R etail trade __________________________________________ 277 114 163 28 31 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 5 5 5 0 0 _ . - - “ - 50 00 50 00 00 _ _ - " 36 10 26 10 35 8 27 3 6 53 27 26 8 9 _ _ _ _ _ 1 “ " 1 _ ! 23 3 20 23 $ 7 1 . 00 7 0 .0 0 71 . 50 84 . 50 60. 50 69 . 71 . 68. 73. 61 . Tabulating-m achine o p erators, c la ss B ________________ Nonmanufacturing ]---------------------------------------------------------- 67 51 40. 0 40. 0 86. 50 86 . 50 ~ _ Tabulating-m achine op era to rs, c la ss C ------------------------ 26 40. 0 69 . 50 _ _ T ran scrib in g-m ach in e o p erators, general ------ --------Manufacturing ___ ________ — __ _________ _________ Nonmanufacturing __ _________ __ ________ ________ 190 45 145 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 5 69. 50 7 6 .0 0 67. 50 “ - T y p ists, c la ss A ________ __ __ — __ ____ _____________ Manufacturing __________ _____ ______________ ___ — Nonmanufacturing -------- --------------- ----------------------- ---- 275 87 188 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 70. 00 76. 00 6 7 .0 0 1 2 3 4 5 _ _ - - 4 23 23 4 - - 4 23 1 1 1 1 - 14 1 13 9 26 18 8 3 " 15 1 14 4 _ 23 2 21 21 2 2 “ - 10 4 6 3 ■ 3 1 2 “ - - - - _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - _ - . _ 6 5 15 10 8 6 20 18 4 1 7 5 2 1 2 2 ~ 2 2 _ 10 4 5 _ 1 j _ _ _ _ _ . _ 28 3 25 22 4 18 10 5 5 48 14 34 22 8 14 6 6 “ 5 1 4 3 1 2 “ “ - - - - 68 17 51 66 7 59 30 9 21 42 26 16 26 14 12 ! 1 12 11 1 3 2 1 _ _ . . - - - - - Standard hours r efle ct the workweek for which em ployees r eceive their regular stra igh t-tim e sa la r ie s and the earnings correspond to these w eekly h ours. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 1 3 at $ 1 2 5 to $ 1 3 0 ; 9 at $ 1 3 0 to $ 1 3 5 ; 1 at $ 1 3 5 to $ 1 4 0 ; 3 at $ 1 4 0 to $ 1 4 5 . Tran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 3 at $ 1 2 5 to $ 1 3 0 ; 6 at $ 1 3 5 to $ 1 4 0 . W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 5 at $ 1 2 5 to $ 1 3 0 ; 3 at $ 1 3 0 to $ 1 3 5 ; 2 at $ 1 3 5 to $ 1 4 0 . 1 1 - _ - ~ 7 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, P ortland, O r e g .—W ash. , May 1961) Avdbaqb Number Sex, occupation, and industry division of workers Weekly hours1 (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $65. 00 *70. 00 $75. 00 $80. 00 Weekly and eairnings1 (Standard) under 70. 00 7 5 .0 0 80. 00 85. 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105. 00 n o . oo 115. 00 *20. 00 125. 00 1 3 0 .0 0 135. 00 1 4 0 .0 0 145. 00 1 5 0 .0 0 90. 00 95. 00 100. 00 1 0 5 .0 0 110. 00 115. 00 120. 00 1 2 5 .0 0 130. 00 135. 00 140. 00 145. 00 150. 00 and over Men D raftsm en, senior -__________________________________________ Manufacturing --------- ----- -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 --------------------------------------------------------- 163 115 48 41 4 0 .0 40 . 0 40 . 0 40 . 0 $1 17 .5 0 116.50 120.00 121.00 ■ D raftsm en , junior ----------------- ----------------------------------- — Manufacturing ____________________________________________ 77 55 40. 0 40 . 0 98 .0 0 96 .0 0 2 2 34 29 40. 0 .40. 0 8 9 .00 8 6 .00 1 1 2 2 1 1 “ “ “ - 9 9 " 3 3 10 10 4 4 2 2 2 1 - ~ 4 3 6 6 - 21 21 - ~ 14 10 4 4 12 9 3 3 43 20 23 16 28 25 3 14 7 7 3 1 7 13 5 8 8 “ 22 15 19 12 12 10 2 3 ~ 1 - 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 Wom en N u r se s, industrial (registered) Manufacturing ---------------------------------------- 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for. which em ployees receive their 2 Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. ! 1 2 regular stra igh t-tim e salarie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 2 - - ■ 3 3 _ " - " 4 4 ' - 8 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly earningo ±or m en in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision, Portland, O r e g .—W ash. , M ay 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers O c c u p a t io n an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n $ Average hourly , U n d e r 2 . 10 earnings and $ under 2. 10 2. 20 117 57 $ 3 . 04 3 . 04 Nonmanufacturing _____________________________ Public u tilities 2 _____ __ __ __________ 60 45 3 .0 3 2. 85 E le c tr ic ia n s, maintenance _______________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ 305 268 3. 14 3. 16 - E n gin ee rs, stationary ____________________________ Manufacturing ___ _________ __________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________________ 269 226 43 2 .9 1 2 .9 2 2. 89 _ - F ir e m e n , stationary b oiler ______________________ Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 136 115 2. 50 2 .4 8 4 4 - H e lp e r s, tra d e s, maintenance __________________ Manufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------Public utilities 2 _______ __________________ 121 85 36 32 2 .4 2 2 .4 0 2 .4 6 2 .4 2 _ - M ach in e-tool op erators, toolroom _____________ Manufacturing _____________________ __________ 39 39 2 .9 1 2 .9 1 M ach in ists, m aintenance ___ __ __ __________ Manufacturing _____ _________ ______________ 204 184 3. 11 3. 12 C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ________ ________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________ ________________ - $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 2 . 30 - - - - - - - - 2 50 17 11 6 6 - - _ ■ _ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2. 6 0 $ 2. 70 % 2 .8 0 $ 2. 9 0 $ 3 . 00 - - - - - - 2. 60 - 12 12 -3 ..I 0 3 ,2 0 ... - 13 13 - 5 5 - - - - _ 17 17 25 25 54 40 14 16 12 4 10 10 7 7 11 27 25 35 _ 40 40 11 - - 6 6 $ 3 . 30 - 3 . 30 24 7 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 . 50 3 .6 0 $ 3. 70 $ 3. 80 $ 3. 90 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 10 3 .6 0 3 .7 0 3. 80 3. 90 4 . 00 4 . 10 4 . 20 - 3 .4 0 3 . 50 1 - - 1 - 16 5 1 1 11 - - - 4 _ _ _ - 17 15 - " - - - - - - - 77 77 25 25 27 27 7 6 27 27 4 _ _ _ _ " - - ~ - - 34 28 45 34 11 48 48 49 40 9 10 10 " ! 1 _ - _ - 2 2 - . - - - - - - - - - 4 4 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 4 " ■ - _ . - 4 80 80 _ 11 11 - 6 6 - 52 36 16 16 20 8 12 12 19 19 - 9 5 4 4 4 4 “ _ ' _ _ - - - - - . - " - _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - “ 12 12 _ - 9 9 1 - 1 1 _ - 16 16 - 1 - - - - _ - _ _ - 43 31 57 57 32 32 8 8 _ 13 8 _ _ " 30 27 _ " 5 5 - 1Z _ “ “ ' _ - _ " _ _ ~ M ech an ics, m aintenance _____ __ _________ __ Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 525 509 2. 98 2. 98 _ - _ - - 5 5 " 8 8 - 38 30 8 8 63 63 63 108 87 21 21 298 35 263 212 28 22 6 6 4 4 - 16 5 11 6 _ _ ■ " 40 40 113 113 17 6 41 41 73 73 56 56 100 100 42 37 _ " 7 7 _ _ _ _ _ " - - 11 11 26 3 3 M illw rights ______________ __ __ __ __ __ _ ___ Manufacturing ___ _________ __ ______________ 178 178 3. 06 3 .0 6 _ O ilers ---------- --------- -------------------_ _ _ Manufacturing __ ___ _____ __ ______ __ __ 68 68 2 .4 7 2 .4 7 5 5 P ainters . m aintenance _ _____ Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 60 47 3. 12 3. 09 _ _ _ _ - - " " 2 - - P ip efitte rs, maintenance __ __ __ _________ ___ Manufacturing __ ____________ ______________ 106 105 3. 08 3 .0 8 _ _ _ _ _ 39 3. 01 _ 2 2 " ‘ _ 2 6 “ _ _ E xcludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olid ays, and late shifts, T ransportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. 12 - 12 12 3 . 00 - 10 " 2 .8 8 2 .8 3 2 .9 1 2 .9 0 ______ 18 6 2 .9 0 $ 3 . 20 6 6 587 192 395 333 ____ 2. 80 - 4 4 M ech an ics, autom otive (maintenance) _________ .Manufacturing ______________ __________________ Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------Public u tilit ie s 2 ------------- __ __ ___________ S h e et-m e tal w o rk ers, m aintenance 2. 70 % 3 . 10 _ - - _ - $ 2 . 50 _ _ _ 12 10 - “ _ - . - - " - _ _ _ - - “ - - _ _ _ _ " - - - 16 16 * _ - - _ - .. - . - - 7 7 7 _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ “ ~ * _ - _ 36 36 _ _ . . - - - _ " _ - 8 8 22 22 . _ . 1 127 127 _ - " - - 8 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ■ “ _ _ " " - ■ - 2 1 1 1 6 6 21 21 6 6 7 2 2 2 4 ’ 2 2 - 1 . - 2 2 - _ _ 64 64 14 14 14 14 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ■ 10 9 _ " ~ ■ " - - - - - _ _ 25 2 _ _ _ . _ _ . _ . . 18 18 1 1 1 1 _ ~ 13 13 4 4 4 4 _ 9 - _ J 1 _ _ 3 “ _ . 9 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Portland, O r e g .—W ash . , May 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of workers Occupation1 and industry division Average hourly earnings $ Under 1. 20 $1. 30 and $ under 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 90 1. 00 $ 2. 10 $2. 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 40 $ 2. 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2. 70 $2. 80 1 . 90 $ 3. 00 1. 50 1. 60 1 .7 0 1. 80 1 .9 0 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 23 23 4 4 . . 65 2 63 40 24 1 23 16 48 31 17 5 5 144 42 102 18 32 96 27 69 33 31 255 42 213 127 124 26 98 40 - 79 69 10 5 1 163 143 20 7 1 13 7 6 6 - 60 44 16 1 - 8 5 3 3 1 .6 3 1 .6 2 1 .6 3 7 7 7 7 16 12 4 23 23 22 32 32 1 51 5l 47 8 44 44 " - ~ 14 9 9 5 1 1 - - - - 1, 561 727 834 418 2. 2. 2. 2. 36 27 43 52 . - 1 1 . - 4 4 4 4 8 8 46 39 7 17 10 7 25 25 - 24 20 4 92 60 32 1 366 364 2 312 41 271 29 196 19 177 128 Order fille r s ______________________ _____________ Manufacturing __________ ____________________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Retail trade ____________________ _________ 831 115 716 149 2. 2. 2. 2. 38 40 38 38 - - ' 1 3 3 - 2 2 - - " 15 3 12 2 4 4 4 16 4 12 12 47 34 13 3 3 3 3 20 8 12 - 379 12 367 8 P ack ers, shipping _______________________ ______ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ 315 298 2. 39 2. 42 2 13 . 2 I 7 6 - Elevator op erators, p assen ger (women) _____ 66 66 $ 1 . 34 1. 34 39 9 --------- --------------------------- 31 2 .4 1 . Janitors, p o rte rs, and clean ers (men) _______ Manufacturing _________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Public u tilities 4 ___________________________ Retail trade ________________________________ 1, 127 480 647 115 256 1. 88 2. 02 1. 78 1 .8 8 1 .6 8 - Janitors, p orte rs, and clean ers (women) ____ ^numamifartiiring Public u tilities 4 __________________________ 207 186 84 L a b o re rs, m a teria l handling __________________ Manufacturing ______________ _________________ Nonmanufacturing ______ ____________________ PiiKli r ntili+ipfi ^ Guards ---------------------------- R eceiving clerk s _______________________________ Manufacturing _________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ R etail trade __________________ __________ ____ 163 82 81 30 2 .4 8 2. 53 2. 42 2. 27 . " Shipping clerk s ------------------------ — -------------------Manufacturing _________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ 151 67 84 2. 50 2. 53 2. 48 - Shipping and receiving clerk s _________________ Manufacturing _________________________________ Nonmanufacturing _________________ __ 179 83 96 2. 57 2 .6 6 2 .4 9 20 20 $1. 40 _ 4 1 1 1 - - - - - - - 6 6 - - - - - _ . _ _ 6 _ - - 1 1 - 2 2 - 8 4 2 7 48 41 7 - - - _ _ _ _ - - - " - - - - - 363 132 231 214 52 2 50 36 40 4 36 10 11 " ii - 242 242 94 42 3 39 15 7 4 3 3 34 28 6 5 188 166 9 9 94 94 - - 31 24 7 3 12 6 6 5 51 2 49 3 6 3. 20 3. 30 . _ . _ _ _ - - - - - - _ - _ _ _ _ 16 ns . - - _ _ _ - - - ~ - ~ - - 10 6 4 4 _ - 9 9 - 6 o - 4 4 - 2 2 _ 6 6 _ ~ - * * - - 9 .9 - 8 3 5 1 1 12 12 - - _ - 23 23 1 1 . - 1 1 _ - 8 8 7 7 - 6 4 2 2 14 3 11 11 2 1 1 3 3 13 5 8 l l - 24 24 - “ - 70 3 67 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 32 12 20 7 1 6 70 22 48 31 15 16 - 6 . - See footnotes at end of table. N O TE : 20 10 10 1 1 1 - 10 %. Wage negotiations involving se v era l m aterial m ovem ent jobs in a number of establishm ents w ere still in p roce ss of com pletion of the su rvey. R esults of the negotiations are not reflected in the rates shown. at the time ' _ _ - - 10 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, P ortland, O r e g .—W ash. , May 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O ccupation1 and industry division T r u c k d r iv e r s5 -------------------- ---------------------------------Manufacturing ___________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------Public u tilities 4 ------------------------------------------R etail trade --------------------------------------------------- Number of workers 2 .7 6 0 623 2, 137 1 ,6 3 0 248 T ru ck d rivers, light (under \ l h tons) ________ Manufacturing _____________________ __ ------ 215 48 T ru ck d rivers, m edium ( 1 V 2 to and including 4 tons) — ------------------------------Manufacturing ------ -------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------Public u tilit ie s 4 ------------- ----------------- _ Retail trade ------------------------------------- 1. 320 154 1, 166 1, 080 49 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) ___ _______________________________ Manufacturing --------------------------- __ -----------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------Public u tilities 4 -------------------------------------- $ $ $ $ Average hourly , Under 1. 20 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 30 warnings and $ under 1. 20 1 .4 0 1.6 0L-30 -I x l f l - $2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 61 69 59 56 61 - - - “ - “ $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2. 30 1 .7 0 1. 80 1 .9 0 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 5 5 - - - • 5 5 . - 6 * . - - _ - - - - - • - _ 2 .4 1 2. 23 6 6 6 $ 1 .6 0 6 3 3 3 12 12 • 3. 20 389 89 300 224 70 i4 4 6 83 1363 1339 24 93 39 54 36 1 381 99 282 18 120 118 46 72 6 88 88 _ - 58 58 _ - - 129 12 9 10 - - 2 2 2 239 14 225 219 “ 886 12 874 850 24 14 14 6 - 29 14 15 - 20 20 - 1 1 - ~ ■ • 5 5 “ • ' ■ - ■ - - - “ " “ 80 75 5 - 1 - 2 ~ ~ “ 39 59 “ - - _ - - - - - - “ ■ " ■ “ ■ T ru ck ers, power (forklift) ___ _______________ Manufacturing ___________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------Public u tilities 4 ____________________________ 683 403 280 132 2 .4 7 2 .4 2 2. 53 2 .4 9 . _ " “ “ " 5 5 “ “ 10 10 “ 8 8 - ~ " T ru ck ers, power (other than forklift) ________,._________ _____ _______________ Manufacturing _ — —--------------------------- - — 58 56 2 .4 7 2 .4 7 _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - 177 100 1 .9 7 1 .9 7 1 .9 7 2. 13 _ - 1 1 - _ - 16 16 8 29 29 - 3. 10 - - Data lim ited to m en w orkers except where otherw ise indicated. E xcludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 1 to $ 1. 10. Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. Includes a ll d riv ers r eg a rd le ss of size and type of truck operated. 3. 00 5 - 1 2 3 4 5 2. 90 18 12 2 .7 1 2. 56 48 2 .8 0 8 8 328 203 8 8 4 2 .7 0 12 ■ T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type) ______________________ Nonmanufacturing — ---------------------------- 6 1 5 2. 60 7 7 " - 2. 50 6 3 - 7 2 .4 0 ■ “ 7 $ 2. 90 . ' 77 $ 2. 80 20 12 8 6 2 2 .6 9 2. 67 2 .6 9 2. 59 Watchmen — — _ — ------ ---------------------------------Manufacturing ----- ------------- ------------------- — Nonmanufacturing __ __ ____________ __ __ Public u tilit ie s 4 _ --------------- -------- — - $ 2. 70 11 11 - 851 275 576 308 - $ 2 .6 0 32 20 12 6 _ _ - _ $ 2. 50 30 14 16 1 ' 56 64 55 55 62 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2 .4 0 % . 1 . 13 3 10 2 25 21 4 30 30 - 14 5 9 9 56 38 18 6 7 1 $ 3. 00 $ $ 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 — 9 r 3 _ 3 - 39 34 5 - 6 6 - 42 42 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 37 6 31 3 25 “ - - - - 300 34 266 266 55 24 31 30 305 92 213 6 13 13 6 75 30 45 “ 6 6 “ 10 10 ■ 7 4 3 .65 65 131 106 - 27 27 ~ 12 4 40 - 48 - 2 ~ 142 125 17 8 181 55 126 120 176 77 99 4 77 41 36 9 7 2 8 8 - - ~ ~ 8 8 - ■ " “ “ ■ 24 22 16 16 10 10 6 6 - _ 2 2 _ _ _ - - - 23 23 23 3 3 - 2 2 2 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ - - 11 Appendix*. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and frdm area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field econom ists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller, machine (billing machine)— U ses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermihed discounts and shipping charges and entry ot necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon cop ies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) — Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. Class A — Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record o f one or more phases or section s of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, ptc. May check or a ssist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A— Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 12 C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G — C ontinued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocation s. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. C lass B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages o f company employees and enters the n e ce s sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COM PTOM ETER O P E R A TO R Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. C L E R K , F IL E Class A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , cla ss ifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May per form incidental clerical duties. C lass B— Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is ea sily identifiable, or locates or a ssists in locating material in file s . May perform incidental clerica l duties. CLER K , ORDER R eceives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the follow ing: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders.. D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (M IM E O G R A P H O R D I T T O ) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilities, reproduces multiple cop ies o f typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare sten cil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH O PER ATO R Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a sp ecified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de v ice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. O F F IC E B O Y O R G IR L Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mailj and other minor clerica l work. 13 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerica l duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STEN O G R APH ER , G E N E R A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May a lso set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STE N O G R A P H E R , T E C H N IC A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep file s in order, keep simple records, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. SW IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls . May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who ca ll in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SW IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerica l work may take the major part o f this worker's time while at switchboard. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R Class A— Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo se supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations anc? day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B— Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter,,reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp e cific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May a lso include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp e cific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions o f' a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R , G E N E R A L Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer general. 14 T Y P I S T — C ontinued T Y P IS T Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make ouc bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing p rocesses. May do clerica l work involving little sp ecia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B— Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Copy typing fromroughor clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licie s, e tc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. Class A ~ Performs one or more o f the following : Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- P R O F E S S I O N A L D R A F T S M A N , JU N IO R (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSM AN, L E A D E R Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the follow ing: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. A N D T E C H N I C A L D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R — Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. N U R S E , IN D U S T R IA L (R E G IS T E R E D ) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing or em ployees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. - D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R t r a c e r Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur p oses. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-section s, e tc., to sca le by use o f drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, com pass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 15 M AINTENANCE D PO W E R PL A N T C A R P E N T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. E L E C T R I C I A N , M A IN T E N A N C E Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety o f electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors » turbines, ventilating apd refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. H E L P E R , T R A D E S , M A IN T E N A N C E A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp e cific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are a lso performed by workers on a full-time basis. M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R , T O O L R O O M Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items reauiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety or pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-topl operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . M A C H IN IST , M A IN T E N A N C E Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 16 M A C H IN IST , M A IN T E N A N C E — Continued M IL L W R IG H T — C ontinued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo se toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the m achinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M A IN T E N A N C E ) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work o f the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following : Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specification s for major repairs or fo r the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma ch ines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this cla ssifica tion are workers w h ose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLW RIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and in s ta lls machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout O IL E R Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. P A IN T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various size s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , arid size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications* In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded. 17 T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R P L U M B E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K ER , M A IN T E N A N C E Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. C U S T O D I A L A N D M (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . A T E R I A L M O V E M E N T E L E V A T O R O P E R A T O R , PASSENGER J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R — C ontinued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office , apartment house, or commercial L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 18 L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G — .Continued S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K — C ontinued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d as follow s: Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk ORDER F IL L E R (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specification s on sales slips, customers9 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Receiving clerk T R U C K D R IV E R Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. P A C K E R , SH IP P IN G Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, siz e , and number o f units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in v oices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s . For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f siz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under lV2 ton s) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) T R U C K E R , POW ER Operates a manually controlled ga solin e- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) W ATC H M AN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U .S . G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F I C E : 1961 O - 6 0 2647
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