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Occupational Wage Survey PROVIDENCE-PAWTUCKET, RHODE ISLAND-MASSACHUSETTS MAY 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-70 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Bureau off Labor Statistics R eg ion al Offffices Occupational Wage Survey PROVIDENCE-PAWTUCKET, RHODE ISLAND-MASSACHUSETTS MAY 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-70 July 1961 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For solo by H»o Suporintondont of Documents, U.S. Govommont Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. - Prieo 25 conts Contents Preface Page The Community Wage Survey Program Tables: 1. 2. Establishments and workers within scope of survey __________ Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percents of increase for selected periods ____________________ Occupational earnings: * A - 1. Office occupations ______________________________ A - 2. P rofessional and technical occupations _______ A - 3. Maintenance and powerplant occupations _____ A -4 . Custodial and m aterial movement occupations B: Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: * B -l. Shift differentials __________________________________________ B -2 . Minimum entrance salaries for women office workers ____________________________________________________ B -3 . Scheduled weekly hours ___________________________________ B -4 . Paid holidays _______________________________________________ B -5 . Paid vacations ________________ B -6 . Health, insurance,and pension plans _____________________ Appendix: Occupational descriptions ___________________________________ * NOTE: Sim ilar tabulations are available in the Providence— Pawtucket area reports for December 1951 and 1952, and March 1956 and I960. Most of the reports also include data on these or related establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions. A directory indicating date of study and the price of the reports, as well as reports for other m ajor areas, is available upon request. A current report on occupational earnings and sup plementary wage practices in the Providence—Pawtucket area is also available for power laundries and dry cleaners (April I960) and banking (June I960). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay le v els, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, local-tra n sit operating em ployees, and m otortruck drivers and helpers. in 3 oo c> A: 3 n This report was prepared in the Bureau’ s regional office in Boston, M a ss. , by Leo Epstein, under the d ire c tion of Paul V. Mulkern, A ssistant Regional Director for Wages and Industrial Relations. 1 4 in The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A prelim inary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides addi tional data not included in the earlier report. A con soli dated analytical bulletin summ arizing the results of all of the year*s surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. Introduction ________________________________________________________________ Wage trends for selected occupational groups _________________________ 11 12 13 14 15 17 19 Occupational W age Survey—Providence-Pawtucket, R. I.-Mass Introduction T his a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l im p orta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te rs in w h ich the U. S. D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r ’ s B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistic s has con d u cted s u r v e y s o f o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d w age b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s i s . In this a r e a , data w e r e obtain ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s o f B u reau fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in six b r o a d in d u str y d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g; tr a n s p o rta tio n , 1 c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e; r e ta il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s tr y g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h aving fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e om itted a ls o b e c a u s e th ey fu rn is h in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r ran t in c lu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , se p a r a te tabu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d f o r e a ch o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s . T h e se s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain a p p r o p r ia te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n o f la rg e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied . In co m b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iven th e ir a p p ro p r ia te w eigh t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts studied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as r e la tin g to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou p in g and a r e a , ex ce p t f o r th ose b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied. O ccu p a tion s and E a rn in gs The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tion a l c l a s s ific a t io n is b a se d on a u n ifo r m set o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d esig n ed to take a cco u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n in du ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . (See a p pen dix fo r lis tin g o f th ese d e s c r ip t io n s . ) E a rn in gs data a re p r e s e n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) fo r the fo llo w in g ty p es o f o c c u p a tio n s : (a) O ffice c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c ) m a in te n an ce and p ow erp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t. late sh ifts . N on p rod u ction b o n u s e s a r e ex clu d ed a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b o n u se s and in ce n tiv e e a rn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h ere w e e k ly h o u rs a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o r k sc h e d u le s (rou n ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf h ou r) f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e paid; a v e r a g e w e e k ly ea rn in g s fo r th ese o c cu p a tio n s have b een roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f m en and w om en a r e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d . D iffe r e n c e s in pay le v e ls o f m en and w om en in th ese o c cu p a tio n s a r e la r g e ly due to ( l ) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is tr ib u tio n of the s e x e s am ong in d u str ie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts ; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c if i c duties p e r fo r m e d , although the o c cu p a tio n s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in length of s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w w hen in div id u al s a la r ie s a r e a d ju sted on this b a s is . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e s u lt in h ig h e r a v e r a g e pay w hen both s e x e s a r e e m p lo y e d w ith in the sa m e rate ra n ge. Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese su r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in dividu al e sta b lis h m e n ts to a llo w f o r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am on g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c ifi c duties p e r fo r m e d . O ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts w ithin the s c o p e o f the study and not the n u m b er a c tu a lly su r v e y e d . B e c a u se of d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f o ccu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t obtained fr o m the sa m p le o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts stud ied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied. T h e se d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tion a l s tru c tu re do n ot m a t e r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n ings data. E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem en ta ry W age P r o v is io n s In form a tion is p r e s e n te d a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d e sta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits as they r e late to o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s . The te r m " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " as u sed O ccu p a tion a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a r e show n fo r in this b u lle tin , in clu d es w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ire d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n c tio n s, and e x clu d e s a d m in u le in the g iv en o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E a rn in g s data ex clu d e is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. "P la n t w o r k e r s " in p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and clu d e w ork in g fo r e m e n and a il n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu din g le a d m en and tr a in e e s ) en gaged in n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s. A d m in is tr a tiv e , 1 R a ilr o a d s , fo r m e r l y e x clu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f th e se stu d iees x , e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s w ho a re u tiliz e d as a se p a ra te w o rk f o r c e a re e x clu d e d . w e r e in clu d ed in a ll o f the a r e a s stu d ied s in c e July 1959, e x c e p t B a lti C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e ex clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s m o r e (S e p te m b e r 1959 and D e c e m b e r I9 6 0 ), B u ffa lo (O c to b e r 1959^, t r i e s , but a r e in clu d ed as plant w o r k e r s in n on m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . C le v e la n d (S e p te m b e r 1959), and S eattle (A u gu st 1959). 2 Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data (ta ble B - l ) a r e lim ite d to m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . T h is in fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f tota l plant w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b) e ffe c t iv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d on the b a s is o f w o r k e r s a ctu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the su r v e y . In e sta b lis h m e n ts having v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the am ount a p plyin g to a m a jo r it y w as u se d o r , if no am ount a p p lied to a m a jo r it y , the c l a s s ific a tio n " o t h e r 1’ w as u sed . In esta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich s o m e la t e sh ift h o u rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d on ly if it a p p lied to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u r s. M in im u m en tra n ce ra tes (ta ble B -2 ) r e la te on ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n ts v is it e d . T h ey a r e p r e s e n te d on an e sta b lis h m e n t, ra th er than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h ealth, in s u r a n ce , and p e n s io n plans a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th ese a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m a jo r it y o f su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y ev en tu a lly q u a lify f o r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . S ch ed u led h ou rs a r e tr e a te d s t a t is t ic a lly on the b a s is that th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y a r e c o v e r e d . 3 B e c a u s e o f roun din g, su m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s in th ese ta bu la tion s m a y not equ al to ta ls . The f ir s t p a rt o f the p a id h olid a y s ta b le p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w hole and h a lf h o lid a y s a ctu a lly p r o v id e d . The s e c o n d p a rt c o m b in e s w hole and h a lf h olid a y s to sh ow tota l h o lid a y t im e . D ata a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll h ealth, in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n p la n s f o r w h ich at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x ce p tin g on ly le g a l r e q u ire m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n ^ c o m p e n sa tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. Such p la n s in clu d e th ose u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n ce c om p a n y and th o se p r o v id e d th rou gh a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r re n t o p e r a tin g funds o r fr o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . D eath b en e fits a r e in clu d ed as a fo r m o f life in s u r a n c e . S ick n e ss and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in su r a n ce u n der w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a ym en ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the in su r e d on a w eek ly o r m on th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r a ll su ch p la n s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s . H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o rk and N ew J e r s e y , w h ich have en a cted te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n ce la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s ,4 plan s a r e in clu d e d o n ly if the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n tr ib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the r e q u ire m e n ts o f the la w . T ab u lation s o f p a id s i c k - le a v e p la n s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l pla n s 5 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o rk e r * s pa y d u rin g a b s e n c e fr o m w ork b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S ep a ra te ta bu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) .plans w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y and no w aitin g p e r io d , and (2) p la n s p r o v id in g e ith e r p a r t ia l p a y o r a w aitin g p e r io d . In ad d ition to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n ce o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n du plica ted tota l is show n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fits . The su m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s is, lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , e x clu d in g in fo r m a l plan s w h e r e b y tim e o ff w ith p a y is g ra n ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S ep a ra te e s tim a te s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com p u tin g v a c a tio n p a y m e n ts , su ch as tim e p a y m e n ts , p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s , o r fla t -s u m a m ou n ts. H o w e v e r, in the ta bu la tion s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p a ym en ts not on a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e r te d ; f o r e x a m p le , a pa ym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n s id e r e d as the eq u iv a len t o f 1 w e e k ls pa y. C a ta strop h e in s u r a n c e , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to as ex ten d ed m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in clu d e s th o se pla n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju ry in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s bey on d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in su r a n ce r e fe r s to p la n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p le te o r p a r t ia l p a ym en t o f d o c to r s * fe e s . Such p la n s m a y b e u n d erw ritten b y c o m m e r c ia l in su r a n ce c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r th ey m a y be s e lf-in s u r e d . T ab u lation s o f r e tir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se pla n s that p r o v id e m on th ly p a ym en ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o rk e r* s life . 2 A n esta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as having a p o li c y if it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d itio n s: (1) O p era ted la te sh ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts. 3 S ch edu led w eek ly h ou rs f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s (fir s t s e c tio n o f ta b le B -3 ) in su r v e y s m a d e p r i o r to Ju ly 1957 w e r e p r e s e n te d in te r m s o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o ffic e s w ith the in d ica te d w e e k ly h ou rs f o r w om en w o r k e r s . 4 The te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R h ode Islan d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r co n trib u tio n s . 5 A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d as h aving a fo r m a l p la n i f it e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b er o f days o f s ic k le a v e that c o u ld b e e x p e cte d b y e a c h e m p lo y e e . Such a p la n n e e d n ot b e w ritten , but in fo r m a l s i c k - le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s is , w e r e e x clu d e d . 3 T ab le 1. E sta b lish m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ithin sc o p e of su rv e y and num b er studied in P r o v id e n ce —Paw tucket, R .'I .—M a s s . , 1 by m a jo r in du stry d iv isio n , 2 M ay 1961 N u m b er of e sta b lish m e n ts M in im u m em p lo y m en t in e s t a b lis h m e n ts in scope of study In d ustry d iv isio n A ll d iv isio n s W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts W ithin scop e of study W ithin scope of study 3 Studied Studied T o t a l4 O ffic e P lant T otal 4 _______________________________________________________ 50 710 135 137, 400 18, 600 99, 400 58, 410 M an ufactu ring _____________________________________________________ N on m an ufactu ring ____ __________________________ _______ _______ T ra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s 5 _____ ____ ________ _______ _________ _ W h o le sa le trade _______________________ _______ ____ _______ __ R e ta il tra de ........... ....................................... ......................................... F in an c e, in su r a n ce , and r e a l esta te S e r v i c e s 7 ____________________ _____ __________ ____ ____ _______ 50 50 530 180 77 58 103, 300 34, 100 9, 900 8, 700 79, 600 1 9 , 800 37, 660 20 , 750 50 50 50 50 50 29 27 64 34 26 14 7 21 9 7 1, 500 5, 400 ( 6) 1, 200 ( 6) 11, 300 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 7, 610 530 7, 590 4, 110 8, 2, 14, 6, 2, 600 100 100 800 500 9 1 0 1 The P r o v id e n ce —P aw tucket Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tistic a l A r e a (C e n tr a l F a lls , C ran ston , E a st P ro v id en ce , P aw tucket, P ro v id en ce , and W o o n so ck e t c itie s , and 7 towns in P ro v id en ce C ounty; N a r r a g a n se tt and N orth K ingstow n towns in W ash ington C ounty; W a r w ic k city and 3 tow ns in Kent C ounty; a ll of B r is t o l C ounty; J am e stow n town in N ew port County, R. I. ; a ls o A ttle b o ro C ity and 8 contiguous towns in B r is to l, N o r fo lk , and W o r c e s t e r C ou n ties, M a s s . ) . The "w o r k e r s within scop e of stu d y " e s tim a te s shown in this table p rovid e a r ea so n a b ly a c cu r a te d e sc r ip tio n of the s iz e and c o m p o sitio n of the la b o r fo r c e included in the su rv e y . The e s tim a te s are not intended, h ow ever, to s e r v e as a b a s is of c o m p a r iso n w ith other a r e a em p lo y m en t in d exes to m e a s u r e em p lo y m en t tren d s or le v e ls sin ce (1) planning of w age su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the u se of e sta b lish m e n t data co m p iled c o n sid e r a b ly in advance of the p a y r o ll p eriod studied, and (2) sm a ll e sta b lish m e n ts are exclu d ed fr o m the sc o p e of the su rv e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d edition of the Standard In d u strial C la s s ific a tio n M anual w as u sed in c la s s ify in g e sta b lish m e n ts by in du stry d iv isio n . M a jo r chan ges fr o m the e a r lie r ed ition (used in the B u r e a u 's la b o r m a r k e t w age su rv e y s conducted p r io r to July 1958) a r e the tr a n s fe r of m ilk p a ste u r iz a tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d co n c rete e sta b lish m e n ts fr o m trade (w h o le sa le or retail) to m an u factu rin g, and the tr a n s fe r of rad io and te le v is io n b r o a d c a s t in g ' fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 3 Includes a ll e sta b lish m e n ts with total em p loym en t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ithin the area) of com p a n ie s in su ch in d u str ie s as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto rep a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n -p ic tu r e th e a te rs are co n sid ere d as 1 e sta b lish m e n t. 4 In cludes ex ec u tiv e, p r o fe s s io n a l, and other w o r k e r s excluded fr o m the se p a r a te office and plant c a te g o r ie s . 5 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en tal to w ater tra n sp o rta tio n w e r e exclu d ed . 6 T h is in du stry is re p r e se n te d in e stim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu r in g " in the S e r ie s A and B t a b le s . S ep arate p r e se n ta tio n of data fo r this d iv isio n is not m ad e for one or m o r e of the follow in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m en t in the d iv isio n is too s m a ll to p rovide enough data to m e r it sep a r a te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d esign ed in itia lly to p e r m it sep a ra te p resen ta tio n , (3) re sp o n se w as in su fficie n t or inadequate to p e r m it sep a ra te p resen ta tio n , (4) th ere is p o s s ib ility of d is c lo s u r e of individual esta b lish m e n t data. 7 H o te ls; p er so n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u sin e ss s e r v i c e s ; au tom obile r ep a ir sh o p s; m otion p ic tu r e s; nonprofit m e m b e r sh ip o r g a n iza tio n s; and en gin eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s . T ab le 2. In d exes of standard w eekly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h ou rly ea rn in g s fo r se le c te d occu p ation al grou ps in P r o v id en ce—Paw tucket, R. I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961 and M a rc h I9 6 0 , and p e r c e n ts of in c r e a s e fo r se le c te d p er io d s In d exes (D e c e m b e r 1952 = 100) P e r c e n t in c r e a s e s fr o m — Industry and occu p ation al group M ay 1961 M a r c h I9 6 0 M a rc h I9 6 0 to M ay 1961 M a r c h 1956 to M a r c h i9 6 0 D e c e m b e r 1952 to M a r c h 1956 D e c e m b e r 1951 to D e c e m b e r 1952 A ll in d u str ie s : O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) _____________________________________ In d u strial n u r se s (w om en) __________________________________ S killed m ain tenan ce (m en) _________ ________________ _______ _ U n sk illed plant (m en) ____ ____ _______ _____ _________________ 1 3 5. 133. 13 9. 131. 8 3 8 2 130. 124. 135. 128. 9 8 0 3 3. 6. 3. 2. 7 9 6 3 1 5 .9 9. 0 18. 7 16. 1 13. 14. 13. 10. 0 5 8 5 5. 5. 4. 4. 0 4 7 5 M a n u fa c tu rin g : O ffice c le r ic a l (w om en) ______________ ________ _________ ___ In d u stria l n u r s e s (w om en) __________________________________ S killed m ain tenan ce (m en) _______ ________ __________ ______ _ U n sk illed p lant (m en) ------------------------- -------------- -------------------- 140. 13 2. 137. 123. 2 4 9 8 133. 123. 134. 121. 6 9 0 6 5. 6. 2. 1. 0 9 9 8 17. 7. 17. 15. 14. 15. 13. 5. 0 4 6 6 3. 4. 4. 4. 1 5 7 7 2 4 9 2 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n te d in ta b le 2 a r e in d e x e s o f s a la r ie s o f o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , and o f a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f s e le c t e d plan t w o r k e r g r o u p s . In a r e a s w h ich w e r e n ot s u r v e y e d d u rin g the f i s c a l 1953 b a s e y e a r (J u ly 1952 to June 1953) th is ta b le is lim ite d to p e r c e n t s o f ch a n g e b e tw e e n s e le c t e d p e r io d s . F o r o f f ic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , the in d e x e s r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s f o r n o r m a l h o u r s o f w o rk , that is , the sta n d a rd w o r k sc h e d u le f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s a r e pa id . F o r p la n t w o r k e r g ro u p s , th ey m e a s u r e ch a n g e s in s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , ex clu d in g p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k en ds, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts. The in d e x e s a r e b a s e d on data fo r s e le c t e d k e y o c cu p a tio n s and in clu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p o rta n t jo b s w ith in e a c h g rou p . The o f f ic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on w o m e n in the fo llo w in g 18 jo b s : B i lle r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ); b o o k k e e p in g m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B ; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; c le r k s , f ile , c la s s A and B ; c le r k s , o r d e r ; c le r k s , p a y r o ll; k eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s ; o f f ic e g ir l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; s te n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; s w itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ; s w itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t io n is t s ; ta b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ; tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l; and ty p is ts , c la s s A and B . The in d u s tr ia l n u r s e data a r e b a s e d on w o m e n in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 10 s k ille d m a in ten a n ce jo b s and 3 u n s k ille d jo b s w e r e in clu d e d in the pla n t w o r k e r data: Skilled-— c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is ts ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e ; m i l l w r ig h ts ; p a in t e r s ; p ip e fit t e r s ; s h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s ; and t o o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; la b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h an dlin g; and w a tch m en . A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e c o m p u te d f o r e a c h o f the s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s . The a v e r a g e s a la r ie s o r h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e then m u ltip lie d b y the a v e r a g e o f 1953 and 1954 e m p lo y m e n t in the jo b . T h e s e w eig h ted e a rn in g s f o r in d iv id u a l o c c u p a tio n s w e r e th en to ta le d to ob ta in an a g g r e g a te f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p . F in a lly , the r a t io o f th e s e c r o u p a g g r e g a te s f o r a giv^n y e a r to the a g g r e g a te f o r the b a s e p e r io d (s u r v e y m on th , w in te r 1952—53) w as c o m p u te d «and the r e s u lt m u ltip lie d b y the b a s e y e a r in d e x (10 0) to g e t the in d e x f o r the g iv e n y e a r . S im ila r p r o c e d u r e s w e r e fo llo w e d in c o m p ilin g ‘ 'p e r c e n ts o f c h a n g e " in a r £ a s n ot s u r v e y e d d u rin g 1953. Adjustments have been made where necessary to maintain comparability so that the yea r-to -y e a r com parisons are based on the same industry and occupational coverage. For example, railroads have been included in the coverage of the surveys only since July 1959. In computing the indexes for the first year in which railroads were included, data relating to railroads were excluded. Indexes for subse quent years include data for railroads. The in d e x e s m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w a g e ch a n g e s; (2) m e r it o r oth er in c r e a s e s in pay r e c e iv e d b y in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g es in the la b o r f o r c e su ch a s la b o r tu r n o v e r , f o r c e ex p a n sio n s, f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t pa y le v e ls . C h an ges in the la b o r f o r c e can c a u s e in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c cu p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout a ctu a l w a g e ch a n g e s. F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e ex p a n sio n m ig h t in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s in a s p e c ifi c o c cu p a tio n and r e su lt in a d r o p in the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a r e d u c tio n in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s w ou ld h ave the o p p o s ite e ffe c t . The m o v e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a c o u ld ca u s e the a v e r a g e e a r n in g s to d r o p , ev en though n o ch a n ge in r a te s o c c u r r e d in oth er a r e a e s ta b lis h m e n ts . The u se o f con sta n t e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h ts e lim in a te s the e ffe c t s o f ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea ch jo b in clu d ed in the data. N or a r e the in d e x e s in flu e n ce d b y ch a n g e s in stan dard w o r k s c h e d u le s o r in p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e , s in c e they a r e b a s e d on p a y f o r s t r a ig h t -tim e h o u r s . In d exes f o r the p e r io d 1953 to I9 60 f o r w o r k e r s in 20 m a jo r la b o r m a r k e ts w ill a p p e a r in B L S B u ll. 1 2 6 5 -6 2 , W a ges and R ela ted B e n e fits , 60 L a b o r M a r k e ts, W in ter 1959—60. 5 A* Occupational Earnings Table A-1. O ffice Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry division, P rovidence—Pawtucket, R. I . —M a s s ., May 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average Sex, o c c u p a tio n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of Weekly^ (Standard) $ $ $ $ $ $ Weekly ^ 3 5 .j p ° 4 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 5 0 . 0 0 5 5 . 0 0 6 0 . 0 0 (Standard) u n d e r 4 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 $ $ * $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 - - - - - - - - - - 4 5 . 00 5 0 . 00 55. 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 - - - - - - - - 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 M en 61 30 31 39. 0 40. 0 38. 0 $ 8 9 .0 0 8 4 . 50 9 3 . 50 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 1 1 _ - - 30 42. 5 6 6 . 00 _ 1 1 2 1 4 ------------------ 73 47 39. 5 40. 0 8 0 . 00 8 3 . 00 - - - 4 4 - O f f i c e b o y s -------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 118 74 44 39. 0 39. 5 39. 0 5 0 . 50 5 2 . 50 4 7 . 50 _ 41 16 25 5 2 3 39 30 9 T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B _________ __________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________ ________ 64 28 36 37. 5 39. 0 37. 0 8 3 . 00 8 1 . 00 8 5 , 00 - - - - ■ ■ B i l l e r s , m a c h i n e ( b i l l i n g m a c h i n e ) ------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ 111 90 40. 0 40. 0 6 2 . 00 6 4 . 00 _ 6 - - B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h i n e ) _____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------------------ 47 46 29 38. 5 38. 5 38. 0 55. 00 54. 50 5 2 . 50 _ 6 6 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A _______________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ 146 75 38. 5 39. 0 6 2 . 50 7 1 .0 0 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ___________________________ 371 1 57 214 66 38. 38. 38. 39. 54. 56. 53. 52. C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A -------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------- ---------- 254 160 94 38. 5 39. 0 38. 0 7 6 . 50 7 6 . 50 7 6 . 50 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B _____________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________ __________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 -------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------------------ 504 200 304 45 124 38. 39. 38. 39. 39. 57. 66. 52. 60. 49. C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A -------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------- M a n u fa c t u r in g --------------------- - " _ “ 17 12 5 18 1 1 5 5 10 5 16 5 4 1 21 20 1 7 2 5 ■ 1 1 3 3 3 2 1 5 1 4 5 3 2 4 2 18 17 31 25 7 7 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 A - - 9 9 9 27 21 2 2 25 25 _ - 11 - - 11 " 1 _ 1 3 3 4 4 _ _ - - 13 13 _ " 2 1 1 _ _ 1 1 _ 3 3 - - 2 2 _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ - 9 3 6 _ _ 8 2 - 8 8 15 15 - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - " ~ - " - - “ " - - 3 1 2 22 15 7 6 1 5 4 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 4 1 3 - ~ 1 1 - “ 3 3 10 10 27 27 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ * * - * - - 3 3 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " - - - “ - 23 21 17 17 5 5 5 5 2 2 - _ - - - _ - - - - - 23 12 11 13 3 10 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " - - 4 4 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - " " - - - W om en 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 50 00 50 50 50 00 00 00 00 - - . _ 18 - - 33 2 14 - 24 10 14 3 90 30 60 12 1 07 48 59 13 69 13 56 38 19 15 4 " - - “ - - - - 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 3 12 1 11 49 26 23 41 32 61 60 1 18 8 10 14 11 3 27 15 12 14 7 7 49 1 48 1 19 107 11 96 55 18 37 50 19 31 49 27 11 7 _ _ _ _ . - - - - - 3 7 6 1 - _ 4 18 18 - _ 7 2 2 - _ 22 69 49 20 - - - 1 6 - - _ " 18 18 - 18 7 8 4 69 42 27 11 37 15 19 9 - , 9 4 - - S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . N O TE : E stim ate s for all in d u strie s, nonmanufacturing, and public u tilities include data for railroad s (SIC 40 ), om itted fr o m the scope of a ll labor m ark et wage su rveys m ade before July 1959. W here significant, the effect of the inclusion of r ailroad s is greatest on the data shown sep arately for the public u tilities division. - 6 Table A-1. O ffice Occupations-Continued (A verage stra ig h t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings £or selecte d occupations studied on an area b asis by industry d ivision , P rovidence—Pawtucket, R. I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961) Average S ex, occupation, and industry d ivision Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— « $ $ $ $ $ $ 50. 00 $55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 *70. 00 75 . 00 *80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 *115.00 *120.00 *125.00 130.00 ” ■ “ “ “ " “ " “ " “ “ 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 6 5 .0 0 70. 00 75. 00 80 . 00 8 5 .0 0 90. 00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 $ Weekly, Weekly , 35. 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 earnings hours (Standard) (Standard) - W om en— Continued C le r k s , file , c la ss A Manufacturing ____________ _____ ____ Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 119 48 71 38. 0 39. 5 37. 0 $ 6 1 . 00 61 . 50 61. 00 _ - 6 6 14 14 25 13 12 16 11 5 16 11 5 5 2 3 13 7 6 17 4 13 5 5 _ - - C le r k s , file , c la ss B _____________________ M anufacturing __ __ __ __ ___________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ R etail trade 466 166 300 67 38. 0 39. 0 37. 0 3 9 .0 4 9 . 50 51. 50 4 8 . 00 4 5 .0 0 6 6 - 130 10 120 39 153 55 98 23 76 42 34 5 71 52 19 - 11 6 5 “ 9 1 8 - 10 10 - _ - _ - _ - - - C le r k s , ord er _____ _____ _______________ M anufacturing __ ___ _ Nonmanufacturing ____ __ _____ ____ R etail trade ________ __ ___________ 233 176 57 28 39. 5 3 9 .5 39. 0 40. 0 62. 64. 56. 48. 00 50 00 50 _ - 25 3 22 10 28 17 11 11 29 26 3 3 18 16 2 2 34 32 2 2 22 21 1 - 14 14 - 44 28 16 - 5 5 ' C le r k s , p ayroll ______________ ___________ M anufacturing _ ______ _ ____ Nonmanufactsuring _____________________ R etail trade _________________________ 434 355 79 43 39. 39. 38 . 39. 0 0 5 0 66. 66. 62 . 55. 00 50 50 50 _ - _ - 13 4 9 8 56 31 25 15 91 81 10 9 48 44 4 3 77 68 9 8 36 34 2 - 65 54 11 - C om ptom eter op erators ________ _______ M anufacturing _________ __ _________ _ Nonmanufacturing ____ __ ___________ R etail trade _ ______________________ 134 68 66 41 38. 39. 38. 38. 5 0 0 5 65. 50 69. 50 6 1 .0 0 53. 50 3 3 3 9 9 9 10 1 9 8 10 2 8 6 7 3 4 2 16 14 2 1 21 15 6 5 22 11 11 5 Keypunch op erators __ ____ Manufacturing __ __ _______________ Nonmanufacturing _____________________ P ublic u tilities 2 ____________________ 312 152 160 29 38. 0 39. 5 3 7 .0 38. 0 60. 50 6 3 .0 0 58. 50 69. 00 _ 1 - - - 1 - 35 10 25 5 61 5 56 2 45 31 14 2 82 54 28 26 14 12 1 O ffice g ir ls _________________________________ M anufacturing _____ __ __ ___________ Nonmanufacturing 84 53 31 39. 0 40. 0 37. 5 4 7 . 50 4 6 . 00 4 9 . 50 _ 25 8 17 10 9 1 2 2 - 2 - 40 32 8 S e c r e ta r ie s _________________________________ M anufacturing _________________ _______ Nonmanufacturing _ __ _______________ 898 566 332 38. 5 39. 0 37. 0 76. 00 77 . 00 7 4 .0 0 _ - _ - 36 - - 11 11 36 38 22 16 S tenograp h ers, general _____________________ Manufacturing _____ ___________________ Nonmanufacturing ________________________ Public u tilities 2 ____________________ 689 320 369 40 38. 5 3 9 .5 38. 0 38. 0 62. 00 6 7 .0 0 57. 50 7 2 .0 0 _ 56 - 56 - 90 20 70 - 59 11 48 3 Switchboard op erators ____________________ M anufacturing __ _____ ____________ _ Nonmanufacturing _ _____ ___________ Public u tilit ie s 2 __ ____________ _ R etail trade _ _________ ___________ 179 51 128 27 63 38. 5 40. 0 3 8 .0 38. 5 38. 0 5 6 .0 0 57. 50 55. 50 7 5 . 50 4 8 . 50 7 7 7 15 2 13 10 41 10 31 Switchboard o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s ____ M anufacturing __ „ __ __ ___ ___ _ Nonmanufacturing . „ _________ __ _ 334 272 62 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 38. 0 60 . 50 6 0 . 00 62 . 00 _ - T ab u latin g-m ach ine op era to rs, c la s s B _______ _ _ _________________ Manufacturing __ — __ — - . Nonmanufacturing _ _____ ____ _____ 80 42 38 38. 5 3 9 .5 37. 0 7 3 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 7 1 .0 0 - See footnotes at end of table, - - - 1 1 1 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - _ - _ - - - 12 12 - 2 2 - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 22 17 5 6 5 1 - 9 9 - 1 1 - 2 2 - _ - 8 8 - 18 9 9 1 9 6 3 1 7 7 - . - 1 . - _ - 36 32 4 3 18 -------4 14 14 3 _ - _ _ - 1 4 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 _ - 1 1 _ - 1 1 _ - - 63 23 40 136 114 22 173 132 41 107 58 49 108 73 35 63 48 15 63 36 27 55 16 39 2 147 102 45 - 66 30 36 5 86 47 39 7 76 48 28 23 45 43 2 - 5 3 2 - 11 44 15 29 4 23 13 6 7 5 17 8 9 7 13 3 10 1 - 12 4 8 8 - 9 1 8 8 “ 1 1 1 - _ " 42 42 - 43 32 11 54 48 6 77 63 14 71 46 25 27 22 5 10 9 1 ” " - - 14 14 - 29 20 9 17 13 4 - - ' - ' - - - 1 - - - - . - - . - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 1 1 - _ - _ - _ “ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - 1 - - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ ' “ 43 20 23 23 23 8 4 4 4 3 1 - - 19 8 11 1 - - 1 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 1 - - 3 - - - - - - _ - 6 2 4 4 - _ - _ - 1 - _ - _ - - - _ - _ - - _ - 6 6 - 4 4 - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ “ _ - _ - _ - 18 9 9 - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 _ _ _ - 7 Table A-1. Office Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , P r o v id e n c e —P a w t u c k e t , R . I . —M a s s . , M a y 1961) Average S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d i v is i o n Number of workers NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ s $ $ $ S $ s $ $ Weekly, Weekly 3 5. 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 $55. 00 6 0. 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0. 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 hours 1 earnings1 and (Standard) (Standard) u n d e r 4 0. 00 4 5 . 00 5 0. 00 .551.0,0 .6 0 , OO. 6 5 .0 0 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0. 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 20 .00 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 35 .00 $ W o m e n — C on tin u e d T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C - -------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ________ _____ „ _ 61 37 38. 0 3 7 .0 $ 5 8 .5 0 54. 00 T r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l _ — __________________________ __ M a n u fa ctu r in g — ---------------- -------- __ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _____________________ 214 145 69 3 8. 5 3 9. 5 3 6. 5 6 0 .0 0 6 1 . 50 5 7. 50 T y p is t s , c l a s s A ----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g __________________________ -3 9 8 288 38. 5 3 9 .5 6 0 .0 0 6 1 . 50 T y p is t s , c l a s s B ___________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g --------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _ ------ l.--------------- __ R e t a il t r a d e __________ I_____________ 923 381 542 46 -.3 8 ,,.5 „ .. 39. 5 3 7. 5 3 8. 5 5 0, 5.0 5 2 .0 0 4 9 . 00 5 0. 50 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " “ - - - - - - - - - - 27 24 3 2 _ 2 5 4 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 56 53 35 35 6 6 6 2 5 5 1 - 2 - 1 - _ _ _ . - - - - - - 26 7 19 1 11 5 6 4 2 2 1 * _ . . _ _ _ _ _ 6 6 20 20 3 2 7 3 22 3 1 2 10 10 - 14 5 9 42 15 27 31 19 12 47 46 1 36 22 14 _ 19 10 52 22 53 17 71 50 .91 88 4 214 41 173 2 292 101 191 23 154 99 55 3 126 81 45 6 91 45 46 8 " 4 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a la r i e s and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . Table A-2. Professional apd Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s an d e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , P r o v id e n c e —P a w t u c k e t , R . I . —M a s s . , M a y 1961) Average S ex, o c c u p a tio n , Number of workers a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Weekly, hours 1 (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING ST IAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— U nder Weekly earnings1 (Standard) L o o $, 6 0 .0 0 and under 6 5 .0 0 65. 00 7 0 . 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 7 0 . 00 75. 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 10 5 . 00 n o . o o 1 1 5 . 00 1 2 0 . 00 12 5 . 00 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 . 00 1 4 0 .0 0 ~ 7 5 . 00 “ 8 0 . 00 “ 8 5 . 00 “ 9 0 . 00 ■ ~ ~ 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 . 00 1 0 5 . 00 n o . o o 1 1 5 . 00 12 0 . 00 1 2 5 . 00 1 3 0 . 00 1 3 5 . 00 14 0 . 00 and over M en 248 227 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 $ 1 0 8 .0 0 1 0 9 .0 0 _ _ — - - D r a f t s m e n , j u n i o r ____ __ __ — ----------- _ ~ — M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 174 170 40. 0 40. 0 8 7 . 00 8 7 . 50 8 8 2 80 70 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 7 8 .0 0 7 7 . 50 7 5 D r a f t s m e n , s e n i o r ___ __ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __ — ~ — __ _ — __ __ ------- — — _ — _ 1 1 10 10 1 1 20 19 - 22 20 34 23 32 29 21 19 25 23 7 7 18 18 19 19 17 17 10 10 13 12 1 41 41 26 26 10 10 10 10 24 24 2 2 1 1 _ _ - 26 25 _ 1 7 7 6 5 8 7 13 13 11 11 8 6 11 9 6 4 3 3 _ _ _ _ ■ " 11 11 10 10 _ _ - - _ _ - - W om en N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) -----------------------------------------M a n u fa c t u r in g — --------------- . . . 1 S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e ir r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t im e s a la r i e s an d the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . NOTE: S ee n o te o n p . 5 , r e l a t i v e to th e in c lu s io n o f r a i l r o a d s . ■ _ " _ 8 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly earnings for m en in selected occupations studied on an area b asis by industry d ivision , P rovid en ce—Paw tucket, R . I. —M a s s . , M ay 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Number of O c c u p a t io n an d in d u s t r y d i v is i o n workers Average hourly earnings $ $ $ U n der $1 . 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 and $ u n d e r 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _______________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________ 197 157 40 $ 2 . 27 2. 19 2. 61 E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ____________ M a n u fa ctu r in g — _________ __________ 389 32! 2 .4 5 2. 35 _ E n g i n e e r s , s t a t io n a r y ___________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g -------------------------------------- 282 142 2 .5 1 2. 28 " - F ir e m e n , s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r __________ _ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ------------------------------- 344 281 63 1 .9 9 1 .9 0 2 .4 0 33 2 30 3 _ - H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a i n t e n a n c e _________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ N nnm annfa rtn ri ng P u b lic u t il it i e s 3 ___________________ 257 218 39 38 2. 02 1 .9 9 2. 20 2. 21 _ - M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , t o o l r o o m _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ 161 161 2 .3 4 2. 34 M a c h in is t s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g -------------------------------------- 563 559 M e c h a n ic s , a u t o m o tiv e (m a in t e n a n c e ) ------ -----------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g --------------------------- _ P u b lic u t il it i e s 3 _________________ $ 1 .8 0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0 3. 50 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2. 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 4 2 2 20 18 2 46 39 7 12 12 19 19 - 6 6 " 27 27 - and 2. 50 2 .6 0 2. 70 2 .8 0 10 9 1 2 2 - 3 2 1 40 40 46 46 11 10 14 11 21 17 1 1 16 16 4 _ - 5 4 _ - - 6 6 - 1 - 5 5 3 2 1 23 13 10 10 24 24 " 24 13 11 11 16 16 20 20 5 5 64 64 16 16 86 86 52 52 71 71 63 62 28 28 - - - - _ . _ _ " - " - 10 10 13 13 40 39 31 30 39 34 _ _ _ 6 6 22 22 _ - 16 12 U 1] 52 47 _ - 4 4 - 63 60 3 108 102 6 18 18 " 21 12 9 5 5 - 3 3 - 1 1 _ - 21 21 53 53 - 37 36 1 1 28 28 - 7 4 3 2 - - 31 18 13 13 - - - - - - - - 6 6 _ _ _ - - 15 15 - - 2 .4 0 25 14 11 " - - $ 1 .7 0 . 2. 90 3. 00 1 2 2 36 29 - 12 9 8 8 - 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3 ™ nvpr - 5 _ 5 1 _ 1 7 6 5 5 31 21 37 6 26 1 30 36 2 - 26 8 16 15 - - - 29 14 15 18 18 8 8 _ - _ - 15 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 22 22 3 3 5 5 _ _ 2 2 _ _ - 2 2 _ - - - - - 13 13 33 33 13 13 85 85 34 34 16 16 _ 9 6 28 28 2 2 _ 15 15 2 - 1 1 1 5 3 - 8 8 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 12 2 10 2 2 - - - _ _ . " - - 8 4 _ _ - - - " - 2. 42 2 .4 2 _ _ _ - - - 225 160 140 2 .4 4 2 .4 6 2 .4 1 _ - - _ - - - - 3 3 - - * 9 5 5 10 10 10 16 11 11 60 30 30 22 22 22 - 20 17 17 6 4 4 54 37 31 M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g -------------------------------------- 4 22 380 2. 36 2. 29 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 9 9 33 33 52 52 83 83 18 17 25 25 15 15 2 2 22 22 55 52 62 50 14 10 4 2 22 2 2 2 4 4 “ - - M illw r ig h t s -------- -------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ----------------------------------- 102 102 2. 32 2. 32 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 16 19 19 23 23 1 1 10 10 _ _ _ _ _ “ - 10 10 _ - 6 6 _ - 2 2 _ - 15 15 - - - O i l e r s ____________________________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ---------------------------------- _ 160 158 1 .7 4 1. 73 1 1 52 52 _ 18 18 20 20 12 12 3 3 5 5 _ _ - 17 17 - - 5 4 11 10 16 16 P a i n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ _ M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________ 74 58 2. 21 2. 19 _ _ _ _ 6 2 4 4 15 15 6 5 8 5 2 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 11 7 _ - 17 15 _ " 2 2 _ - 1 - - “ - P i p e f i t t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g -------------------------------------- 115 115 2. 34 2. 34 _ _ _ _ _ 1 18 18 17 17 17 17 11 11 1 1 5 5 14 14 3 3 1 1 _ 1 _ _ _ 1 12 12 4 - 5 5 1 - - - 5 5 S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a in t e n a n c e --------------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ------------------------------- 32 30 2 .4 9 2 .4 9 1 1 4 3 3 1 - 2 2 - - 1 1 _ - 2 2 _ - 5 5 _ - 7 6 - 4 - - 2 2 T o o l an d d ie m a k e r s 4 -------------------------- _ M a n u fa ctu r in g -------------------------------------- 436 436 2 .8 4 2 .8 4 21 21 1 1 51 51 65 65 31 31 4 4 14 14 29 29 26 26 30 30 21 21 30 30 6 6 30 30 - " - - - - - - - 4 - " - - 4 1 E xcludes p rem iu m pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. 2 A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 1 t o '$ 1. 10. 3 T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. 4 Excludes w ork ers in je w e lr y manufacturing in d u stries. N O TE : See note on p. 5 , relative to the in clu sion of ra ilr o a d s. 9 9 . 9 - 4 - _ - 77 77 - _ _ 9 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A verage stra ig h t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, P rovidence—Paw tucket, R. I . —M a s s ., M ay 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n 1 an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n of workers hourly , earnings $ $ 1 .0 0 1. 10 under 1. 10 1. 20 $ 1. 20 1. 30 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 6 0 $ 1 .7 0 “ _ " 1 .6 0 “ 1 .7 0 ~ 1. 8 0 1 .4 0 1. 50 E le v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r ( m e n ) ____________________________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------- 41 36 $ 1 . 19 1. 17 8 8 15 15 16 12 - - - - - - E le v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r ( w o m e n ) _________________________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ R e ta il tr a d e _ ___ 43 39 29 1. 22 1 . 19 1. 11 8 8 8 21 21 21 1 1 - 11 9 - “ “ - - G u a r d s ____________________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________________ 159 49 1. 55 1. 8 5 42 8 2 _ - 1 1 “ 21 6 J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ( m e n ) ____________________________ ______________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____ ______________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 3 _______________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e _____________________________________ 1 ,0 3 0 750 280 64 112 1. 53 1. 53 1. 54 1 .9 5 1. 27 27 23 4 - 44 20 24 - - 23 159 107 52 41 171 126 45 3 40 J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ( w o m e n ) --------------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ 211 71 1 40 1. 30 1 .4 3 1. 24 16 12 4 12 4 8 127 6 121 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d lin g ______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 3 _______________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e _____________ ______________________ 1 ,2 1 3 788 425 206 96 1 .8 4 1. 67 2 . 15 2 .4 2 1 .8 1 34 20 14 14 3 3 3 41 30 11 11 O r d e r f i l l e r s ____________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ 408 191 217 1 .7 0 1 .5 9 1 .7 9 _ - 47 37 10 P a c k e r s , s h i p p i n g ( m e n ) ____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________ _________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ R e ta il tra d e 707 645 62 44 1 .6 3 1 .6 6 1. 3 8 1. 26 8 8 8 P a c k e r s , s h i p p i n g ( w o m e n ) _________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________________ 192 175 1. 25 1. 26 R e c e i v i n g c l e r k s _______________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________ ___________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___ ___ ______________________ R e t a i l t r a d e _____________________________________ 217 T E o~ 57 32 S h ip p i n g c l e r k s ____ __________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________________ S h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k s ______________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________ __________ __________ R e t a i l t r a d e ________ __________________________ See footnotes at end of table, $ 1 .8 0 l . Q0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2. 00 ” “ 2 . 10 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 2 , 20 " 2 . 30 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 . 50 2 .4 0 “ 2 . 50 " 2 .6 0 $ 2,. 6 0 2,, 7 0 $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 $ 2. 90 " 2. 90 over 2 .8 0 and - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " - “ 26 1 2 2 13 8 8 8 8 8 10 2 2 5 5 1 1 _ 7 _ _ _ - 5 5 - “ - 123 76 47 1 1 115 102 13 8 5 1 48 1 43 5 1 1 59 54 5 1 47 19 28 9 1 16 10 6 1 24 13 11 7 68 33 35 30 20 17 3 3 2 2 - - 7 7 - - - - - “ - - " - - 6 4 2 11 11 21 21 3 3 - 2 2 - 2 2 - - - - - - - - - 11 6 5 - - - - - - - - 28 24 4 4 120 115 5 - 278 248 30 11 141 1 23 18 1 61 27 34 14 46 44 2 2 37 30 7 1 15 15 - 32 7 25 25 100 12 88 53 49 - _ - - - 125 13 112 79 32 2 2 - - 95 80 15 3 - - - - 41 25 16 20 10 10 101 43 58 86 41 45 4 4 5 5 38 2 36 8 8 _ - - - 4 4 _ " 13 12 1 _ - - 2 2 7 7 - 32 5 27 112 1 03 9 9 35 21 14 14 57 51 6 6 17 16 1 1 30 30 - 145 139 6 62 62 - 32 32 - 12 12 - 7 7 - 58 58 - 7 6 7 --------6 " - 3 3 - - 8 8 - 1 1 - - - 107 89 18 6 - - - - 57 45 78 75 2 10 10 _ 2 2 37 37 1 1 _ _ _ " " 1 .8 3 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 1 .9 2 - _ - 2 2 - - 16 14 2 2 16 16 - - 1 1 1 67 59 8 8 18 2 16 5 21 12 9 1 19 12 7 7 5 4 1 1 213 180 33 1 .9 3 1 .8 8 2 . 21 _ _ ! - - 2 2 - 47 47 16 16 43 43 " - - " - - 39 34 5 5 5 - 3 3 9 4 5 26 25 1 128 9335 26 1 .9 1 1 .9 1 1 .9 1 1 .7 1 . - - _ - _ - 12 10 2 2 18 15 22 15 8 8 3 3 7 7 - 9 5 4 4 9 8 1 17 17 - 10 - - _ - 1 6 6 6 - - _ 1 - - 49 49 _ - - - - - - - - _ - 6 6 - - - - - - - - " ' - _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - 5 5 - 1 - - 22 15 7 1 14 14 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 3 3 - 10 4 6 6 - _ - _ - - - - 2 _ _ - 2 2 - - 2 - " - _ - - - - _ - 10 - _ " 7 3 4 3 - - 12 2 10 6 6 _ - 8 - 2 2 8 - 10 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , P r o v id e n c e —P a w t u c k e t , R . I , —M a s s . , M a y 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation 1 and industry d ivision of workers hourly , earnings T r u c k d r iv e r s 4 ___________________________ _________ M anufacturing ____________ ____________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________ Public u tilities 3 _____________ ____________ R etail trade _________________________________ 1, 211 315 896 523 100 $ 2. 32 1 .8 6 2 .4 8 2. 51 2 .3 9 T r u c k d r iv e r s, light (under 1 l / z tons) ----------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ______________________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________________ 117 91 26 T r u c k d r iv e r s, m edium ( 1 V 2 to and including 4 tons) _________________________ M anufacturing ______________________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________________ Public u tilit ie s 3 _ ______________ T r u c k d r iv e r s, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r type) ________ ______ _______________ M anufacturing __ _____ ____________________ Nonmanufacturing __________________________ Public u tilit ie s 3 _________________________ $ $ 1 .0 0 1. 10 and under 1. 10 1 .2 0 $ . 1. 20 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 2 2 - - 42 31 11 11 17 11 6 6 6 ■ 32 21 11 16 - 10 id - - 33 27 6 - 6 6 - - " 1 .4 9 1. 52 1 .3 9 - 354 149 205 48 2. 13 1 .9 1 2. 29 2. 50 - 591 53 538 386 2. 2. 2. 2. - ■ 1 6 - - - $ 2 .6 0 $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 $ 2. 90 and 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2. 90 over 2 2 " - 11 11 - 21 12 9 - - 57 2. 13 - - - - - T r u c k e r s , power (forklift) _______________________ Manufacturing ___________________ 42 2 363 2. 03 1 .9 5 “ ■ _ 20 20 " T r u c k e r s , power (other than fork lift) ___________________________ _________________ M anufacturing ___________________________ _____ 74 61 1 .8 8 1 .8 0 - - - - " ■ 796 494 1 .4 3 1. 54 201 15 61 31 1. 52 6 $ 2. 50 6 2 6 “ 8 8 7 7 - 15 15 - - 37 25 12 6 - - 8 8 ~ 7 7 ~ 5 5 “ 4 4 " 15 15 2 37 12 25 22 2 2 - - 6 - 144 42 102 2 22 1 1 - 1 1 “ - 1 1 - 10 10 - 4 2 2 103 6 97 ■ 1 1 - 3 3 ■ 574 30 544 518 14 14 - - 3 3 - - - - 5 146 146 46 - - - - • " 6 6 - - " 96 30 66 46 35 32 3 " " 386 386 386 - - " " ~ ■ “ 4 9 1 1 1 3 - 12 - 34 34 15 15 2 2 2 2 22 22 9 4 12 12 44 6 2 2 8 8 12 12 - 17 4 - - - “ " “ 30 27 14 2 13 13 30 30 39 5 17 17 1 1 1 - 3 12 - 15 - 2 33 33 38 38 no 12 12 11 11 1 2 “ 72 64 69 49 76 71 117 116 3 8 - 8 8 1 6 15 3 12 3 6 10 1 9 " ■ D a ta li m it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a t e d . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la t e s h ift s . T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . I n c lu d e s a ll d r i v e r s r e g a r d l e s s o f s i z e and ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a t e d . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 4 6 at $ 2. 90 t o $ 3; 100 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10. S e e n o te on p . 5 , r e l a t i v e to th e in c lu s io n o f r a i l r o a d s . $ 2 .4 0 32 " NOTE: $ 2. 30 2 2 “ 1 2 3 4 5 $ 2. 20 - ■ 32 $ 2. 10 56 28 28 - “ 51 51 $ 2. 00 25 25 - “ W atchm en __ _____ __ ___________________________ M anufacturing __________________________________ Nonmanufacturing: Rptail traHp $ 1 .9 0 33 24 9 3 59 15 63 51 T r u c k d r iv e r s, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra ile r type) $ 1 .8 0 58 37 21 6 - - 1. 70 % 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 “ 4 2 - “ - - - ■ - - 140 140 “ - 3 . 6 81 65 ■ ■ ■ - - - - ■ ■ - - - - - 11 B : Establishment Practices and Supplementary W age Provisions Table B-1. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n tia ls of m an ufacturin g plant w o r k e r s by type and am ount of d iffe r e n tia l, P ro v id en ce—P aw tucket, R. I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961) P e r c e n t of m an ufacturin g plant w o r k e r s— In e sta b lish m e n ts having f o r m a l p r o v isio n s 1 fo r — Shift d iffe r e n tia l Second shift w ork T o ta l ___________________________________________________ W ith sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l _________________________ U n ifo rm cen ts (p er hour) ______________________ 4 5 6 7 cen ts _________________________________________ c en ts _________________________________________ cen ts _________________________________________ c en ts _________________________________________ 7 V 2 cen ts __________ _________________________ 8 c en ts _________________________________________ 10 cen ts _______________________________________ 12 cen ts _______________________________________ 15 c en ts _______________________________________ 73. 3 T h ird or other sh ift w ork A c tu a lly wo>rking on— Second shift T h ird or other shift 62 . 0 13. 6 5. 3 54. 1 5 6 .9 9 .4 4. 6 4 1 .8 4 1 .7 7. 5 4. 0 7. 4. 3. 3. 1. 4. 14. 2. 9 6 3 3 9 3 5 0 _ 2. 5 .7 1 .3 .7 .4 . 5 1 .0 .4 _ - 2. 3 2. 0 15. 1 2. 2 10. 4 3 .4 6. 3 U n ifo rm p ercen tage _____________________________ 10. 0 1 1 .6 1. 6 5 p erc en t ______________________________________ 7 p ercen t ______________________________________ 10 p erc en t _____________________________________ 1. 2 1. 2 7. 6 1. 2 1. 2 9. 2 . 2 2. 2 3. 6 . 2 ( 2) 19. 2 5. 2 4. 2 .7 Other fo r m a l pay d iffe r e n tia l No sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l ------------------------- ___________________________ 1 In clud es esta b lish m e n ts c u r r e n tly op erating late even though they w ere not c u r r e n tly operatin g late sh ifts. 2 L e s s than 0. 05 p erc en t. sh ifts, - ( 2) 1 .4 . . 2. . . . . 1 1 4 5 5 2 2 . 5 . 1 - .4 and esta b lish m e n ts with f o r m a l p r o v isio n s c o v e r in g la te sh ifts 12 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for W om en O ffice W orkers (D istr ib u tio n of e sta b lish m e n ts studied in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by m in im u m en tran ce s a la r y fo r se le c te d c a te g o r ie s o f in ex p erien c ed w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s , P r o v id e n ce —P aw tu cket, R . I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961) In ex p e rie n c ed typ ists M in im u m w ee k ly s a l a r y 1 M an ufactu ring B a sed on stand ard w ee k ly h ours 3 of— A ll in d u str ie s A ll sch ed u les A ll sch e d u les E sta b lish m e n ts studied Other in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r ic a l w o r k e r s 2 N on m an ufactu ring M an ufactu ring A ll in d u str ie s A ll sch e d u les 37V 2 3 5 .0 0 3 7 . 50 4 0 . 00 4 2 . 50 4 5 . 00 4 7 . 50 50. 00 52. 50 55. 00 57. 50 6 0 . 00 62 . 50 and and and and and and and and and and and and under under under under under under under under under under under over A ll sc h e d u les 3 7 1/ 2 __________________________ 26 E sta b lish m e n ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im u m $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ N onm an ufactu ring B a se d on standard w ee k ly h ours 3 of— $ 3 7 .5 0 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 50. 00 $ 52. 50 $ 55. 00 $ 57. 5^ $ 6 0 . 00 $ 6 2 . 50* --------------- 2 2 23 9 15 6 7 3 4 1 3 2 2 2 14 5 7 4 1 1 1 1 9 4 8 2 6 2 3 7 3 5 2 6 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 1 2 4 26 8 1 6 6 2 4 1 4 1 5 3 3 2 1 9 3 1 5 2 5 1 3 4 7 2 4 2 5 2 2 3 17 5 6 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 7 3 2 2 1 4 1 1 E sta b lish m e n ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m 26 21 xxx 5 XXX xxx 25 19 xxx 6 xxx xxx E sta b lish m e n ts w hich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in this c a te g o r y ----------------------------------------------------- 32 18 xxx 14 xxx xxx 35 25 xxx 10 xxx xxx 1 2 3 L o w e st s a la r y rate fo r m a lly e sta b lish e d fo r h irin g in ex p erien c ed w o r k e r s fo r typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s . R a tes a p p licab le to m e s s e n g e r s , o ffic e g i r ls , or s im ila r su b c le r ic a l jo b s a re not c o n sid e r e d . H ou rs r e fle c t the w ork w eek fo r w hich em p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s . Data a re p resen ted fo r a ll w ork w eek s c om b in e d , and fo r the m o st c o m m o n w ork w eek s r ep o rted . NOTE: See note on p. 13, r e la tiv e to the in c lu sio n of r a ilr o a d s . 13 Table B-3. Scheduled W e e k ly Hours (P e r c e n t d istrib u tion of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by sch ed u led w eekly hours of f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s , P r o v id en ce—P aw tu cket, R . I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961) OFFICE WORKERS W e e k ly hours A ll w o r k e r s ------------------------------------------------------------- U nder 35 h ours _____________________________________ 35 h ours _____________________________________________ 3 6 V 4 h ours --------------------------------------------------------------O ver 3 6 1/4 and under 3 7 1 / z h ours --------------------3 7 V 2 h ours __________________________________________ O ver 3 7 1/ 2 and under 3 8 3/4 h ours --------------------3 8 3/4 h ours _________________________________________ 40 h ours _____________________________________________ O ver 4 0 and under 44 h ours ____________________ 44 h ours _____________________________________________ 45 h ours _____________________________________________ 46 h ours _____________________________________________ O ver 46 and under 50 h ours ____________________ 50 h ours and o v e r _________________________________ 1 2 3 4 All industries 1 Manufacturing 100 100 Public, utilities PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance 3 '3 All industries Manufacturing 2 Retail trade 100 100 100 100 - (4 ) 1 1 2 3 1 - (4 ) 7 7 21 7 5 51 2 1 3 - 12 1 9 75 - 1 2 77 20 - (4 ) 80 2 (4 ) 82 1 - - - - 2 2 - - - - 3 3 2 3 2 2 6 - 6 2 2 (4) 5 8 4 27 2 7 48 (4 ) 3 (4 ) Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su r a n ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilit ie s . Includes data fo r w h o lesa le tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0. 5 p erc en t. NOTE: Public utilities E s tim a te s fo r a ll in d u str ie s and public u tilitie s include data fo r r a ilr o a d s (SIC 4 0 ), om itted fr o m the scop e of a ll la b o r m a r k e t wage su rv e y s m ad e b e fo r e July 19 59 . W h ere sig n ifica n t, the e ffe ct of the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s is g r e a te st on the data shown s e p a r a te ly fo r the public u tilitie s d iv isio n . 100 100 _ _ - 4 3 6 6 3 69 - - 2 9 4 14 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by n um ber of paid h olid ays p rovid e d an nually, P r o v id e n c e —P aw tu cket, R . I. —M a s s . , M ay 1961) OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o r k e r s All industries1 ________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g paid h olid ays _____________________________________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovid in g no paid h olid ays ............................................................... Manufacturing Public, utilities2 PLANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance All 3 industries Manufacturing Public 2 utilities Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 91 97 99 97 86 ■ 9 3 1 3 14 _ _ 2 . 4 - 1 ' Number of days 5 h olid ays or le s s __________________________________ 5 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day ----------------------------------6 h olid ays ___________________________________________ 6 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day _______________________ 7 h olid ays ___________________________________________ _____ __________________ 7 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day 8 h olidays ___________________________________________ 8 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day _____________________________ 9 h olid ays .................... .......................................................... 9 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day _______________________ 10 h olid ays _________________________________________ 10 h olid ays plus 1 h a lf day ---------------------------------11 h olid ays ------ ----------------------------------------------------- (4 ) 2 6 (4 ) 8 (4 ) 7 1 28 8 18 4 16 (4 ) 4 12 1 - - - - 2 2 2 - 24 28 - - - 3 3 - - 12 7 9 20 10 6 1 - - 17 1 15 1 23 5 4 1 19 1 15 6 - - - 4 13 3 38 16 3 - ' 8 40 46 " 5 77 ” - - 26 72 - - 62 - - - (4 ) " (j) (4 ) _ _ _ - - - 62 62 87 87 87 87 97 97 97 97 97 97 72 72 76 76 82 82 82 82 82 86 - ~ “ Total holiday time5 11 days __________________________________________________________ or m o r e days -----------------------------------------------10 or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------9 V2 or m o r e days -------------------------------------------------9 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 8 V2 or m o r e days -------------------------------------------------8 or m o r e days _____________________________________ 7 V2 or m o r e days -------------------------------------------------7 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 6 V 2 ° r m o r e days _____________________ _________ 6 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 5 V 2 or m o r e days ____ __________________________ 5 or m o r e days ____________________________________ 1 or m o r e days ____________________________________ IO V 2 1 2 3 4 5 no h a lf 16 19 38 46 74 76 83 83 91 91 97 99 99 99 _ - 3 19 56 59 72 72 84 85 96 100 100 100 _ 46 85 85 93 93 93 93 100 100 100 100 100 100 _ - Includes data for w h o le sa le tra d e ; fin a n c e, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to T r a n sp o r ta tio n , com m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilit ie s . Includes data for w h o le sa le tr a d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s L e s s than 0 . 5 p e r c e n t. A ll com b ination s of fu ll and h alf days that add to the sa m e am ount are com b in ed ; for e x a m p le , the d a y s, 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s, 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s, and so on. P r o p o r tio n s w e r e then NOTE: See note on p. 13, r e la tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s . 4 77 77 82 82 91 91 91 91 91 91 9 32 33 48 49 66 69 93 94 95 97 th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s 6 22 23 42 42 63 66 94 96 97 99 shown se p a r a te ly . shown se p a r a te ly . p rop ortion of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a total of 7 d ays in clu d es th ose with 7 fu ll days and cu m u lated . 15 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n of offic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s by v ac atio n pay p r o v is io n s , P r o v id e n ce —Paw tucket, R . I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961) OFFICE WORKERS V ac ation p o lic y A ll w o r k e r s All industries 1 ________________________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities 6 P LANT WORKERS Retail trade Finance All industries'* Manufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 98 96 100 100 65 2 3 - - 30 - - (4) 1 - - - - Public , utilities Retail trade 100 100 98 100 100 58 100 100 37 - - 2 _ 3 _ _ _ “ 2 2 - Method of payment W o r k e r s in e s ta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g paid va c a tio n s ____________________________________ L e n g t h -o f -t i m e p aym ent ............. .. ....................... P e r c e n ta g e p aym ent ................................................. F la t -s u m p aym ent ... .......................... ................. .. Other _____________________________ _________________ ________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g no paid va c a tio n s ..................................... ................. ............ .. Amount of vacation pay 5 A fte r 6 m on th s of se r v ic e U nder 1 w eek ................................................................. ................... 1 w eek ___________________________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ 11 20 4 47 57 49 43 15 61 15 5 11 2 4 2 - 11 1 40 - 12 86 2 35 4 1 2 - 4 15 1 24 43 _ - A fte r 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e 1 w eek _______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ 3 w eeks _____________________________________________ 27 1 72 (4) 40 1 58 20 2 78 ( 4) 34 3 62 12 4 83 - 21 8 70 - - 61 - 78 6 14 ( 4) 84 7 66 12 20 (4 ) 76 7 - 41 59 _ 59 1 37 4 - A fte r 2 y e a r s of se r v ic e 1 w eek _______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 2 w eeks ------ -------- ----------------- ----------------------------------3 w eeks ............... .................... .................... ........ ............— - 1 7 91 2 18 82 5 90 4 34 27 36 1 40 33 24 1 (4) - 5 58 32 4 7 83 4 4 ( 4) 7 84 5 2 - 15 7 - 25 _ 74 1 28 _ 72 15 _ 84 1 10 - A fte r 3 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek _______________________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 2 w eek s _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ______________________ 3 w eeks ........... ........................ ........................................... . ( 4) - 1 97 2 4 7 89 ( 4) 4 _ 98 2 _ 86 3 A fte r 5 y e a r s of se r v ic e 1 w eek .... ...................................... .......... ........................ ........ 2 w eek s _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ............. ........................... 3 w eeks ............................................................ ...................... O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s __________ ____ ______ _ See footnotes at end of table. 91 ( 4) 4 (4) _ 10 99 63 - - 1 23 3 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n of o ffic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in d u stry d iv isio n s by vacatio n pay p r o v is io n s , P r o v id e n c e —P aw tu cket, R. I . —M a s s . , M ay 1961) OFFICE WORKERS V a c a tio n p o lic y All industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 PLAN T WORKERS Retail trade Finance All industries ° Manufacturing Public , utilities 2 Retail trade Amount of vacation p a y 5---------- Continued A fte r 10 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek _____________________________ ________ __________ w eek s _______________ ___________________________ _____ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ________________________ 3 w eek s ______________________________________________ 4 w eek s ______ _____ _______________ ___________________________ 2 A fte r 15 y e a r s 4 7 58 72 3 6 54 - 5 33 14 1 - 1 7 10 37 _ 66 73 10 13 52 _ 24 _ 46 38 13 5 45 47 - 20 2 - 2 19 24 of s e r v ic e w eek ___________________________________________________________ w eek s ................................................................... ........ ..................... O ver 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ____________________________ 3 w eek s _________ _____ ___ ____ _____________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks ______________________ 4 w eek s _____________________________________________ 1 4 7 5 7 7 2 30 40 2 37 42 47 _ 1 1 - - 3 4 - . 63 51 98 35 41 38 98 42 - - - - 1 1 - _ 2 ( 4) - 23 3 1 2 24 _ - 24 68 23 10 A fte r 20 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek _________ ____ __ _______ ______________________ 2 w eek s _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ______________________ 3 w eek s ____________________ ________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks ______________________ 4 w eek s ________________________ _____ _______________ 4 7 5 7 7 28 36 1 2 37 40 45 - - 3 4 55 69 26 41 1 - _ 1 32 43 - 24 - 1 59 - - 39 1 29 32 8 7 35 5 7 7 2 37 39 44 1 - - _ - 8 (4) 4 28 1 10 _ A fte r 25 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w eek 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s ______________________ 3 w eek s _____________________________________________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s ______________________ 4 w eeks _____________________________________________ 3 4 10 49 1 46 16 19 31 - - 2 33 3 26 1 - - 17 9 83 39 16 7 74 46 1 In clud es data fo r w h o le sa le tr a d e ; fin a n ce, in su r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 2 T ra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ication , and other public u tilit ie s . 3 In clud es data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . 4 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. 5 P e r io d s of s e r v ic e w e r e a r b itr a r ily c h ose n and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the in divid u al p r o v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . F o r e x a m p le, s e r v ic e include chan ges in p r o v isio n s o c c u r r in g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . the 21 chan ges in p ro p o rtio n s in dicated at 10 y e a r s ' NOTE: See note on p. 13, r e la tiv e to the in c lu s io n of r a ilr o a d s . In the tabu lations of v a c a tio n a llo w a n c es by y e a r s of s e r v ic e , p aym e n ts other than "le n g th of t i m e " such as p erc en ta g e of annual ea rn in g s or f la t -s u m p a y m e n ts, w e r e co n v e rte d to an eq u ivalent tim e b a s i s ; fo r e x a m p le , a p aym en t of 2 p e r c e n t of annual ea rn in g s w as c o n sid e r e d as 1 w e e k 's p ay. 17 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t of offic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u str ie s and in in du stry d iv isio n s e m p loyed in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g h ealth, in su r a n ce , or p en sion b en efits, P r o v id en ce—P aw tu cket, R . I. —M a s s . , M ay 1961) O F F IC E W O R K E R S Type of b en efit A ll w o r k e r s All industries ________________________________________ M anufacturing 100 100 Public 2 utilities 2 PL A N T W O RK ERS Retail trade 100 100 Finance All industries 100 3 M anufacturing 100 Public , utilities 2 100 Retail trade 100 W o r k e r s in e s ta b lish m e n ts p ro v id in g : L ife in su ra n ce _________ _____ ___________________ A c c id e n ta l death and d is m e m b e r m e n t in su ran ce ______________________________________ S ick n ess and accid en t in su ra n ce or sic k le a v e or b o th 4 _________________________ 80 73 97 79 79 78 99 81 56 48 76 37 58 59 74 48 70 53 91 77 42 34 80 76 S ick n ess and accid en t in su ra n ce _______ S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w aiting p eriod ) .............. .............. .............. ............... Sick le a v e (p a r tia l pay or w aiting p eriod ) ___________________________ 24 34 30 14 34 32 52 37 59 35 91 56 8 2 22 37 (5) - - 7 2 1 24 2 H osp ita liza tio n in su ra n ce .............. ........................... S u rg ic a l in su ra n ce _______ _________ _____________ M e d ic a l in su ra n ce ------------------- -----------------------------C ata strop h e in su ran ce _______________________ R e tire m e n t p en sion .................... .................. .......... No h ealth, in su ra n ce , or p en sion plan ___ 93 92 86 33 68 1 96 94 89 23 58 59 59 55 50 87 82 82 43 7 30 11 91 91 78 9 44 3 93 94 82 8 44 1 73 73 73 39 87 87 87 55 2 34 9 (5 ) 1 Includes data for w h o le sa le tra d e ; fin a n ce, in su r a n ce , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv isio n s show n se p a r a te ly . 2 T ra n sp o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and other public u tilitie s . 3 In clud es data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , r e a l e sta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown s e p a r a te ly . 4 U nduplicated total of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g sic k le a v e or sic k n e s s and accid en t in su ran ce shown se p a r a te ly b elo w . S ic k -le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to th ose w hich d efin ite ly e s ta b lis h at le a s t the m in im u m num ber of d ays' pay that can be expected by each e m p lo y e e . In fo r m a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n c es d ete r m in e d on an in divid u al b a s is a r e ex clu d ed . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p erc en t. NOTE: See note on p. 13, r e la tiv e to the in clu sio n of r a ilr o a d s . 19 A ppendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureaus wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E B I L L E R , MACHINE BO O KKEEPIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. Biller, machine (hilling machine) — Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) — Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slip s. Class A — Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or section s of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of b asic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or a ssist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. C L E R K , ACCO UNTIN G Class A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment's business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 20 C L E R K , A CCO U N TIN G — Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocation s. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. C lass B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple c o s t accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine account ing work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. C LER K , PA YRO LL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n e ce s sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. CO M PTO M ETER O P E R A T O R Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. C LER K , F IL E C lass A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , cla ss ifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May per form incidental clerical duties. Class B— Performs routine filin g, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily identifiable, or loca tes or a ssists in locating material in file s . May perform incidental clerica l duties. C L E R K , O RD ER R eceives custom ers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the follow ing: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled , keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. D U PLIC A TIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R (MIMEOGRAPH OR D IT T O ) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi b ilities, reproduces multiple cop ies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare sten cil or Ditto master. May keep file of used sten cils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPU N CH O PERATO R Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon si b ilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a sp ecified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or vrork of others. O F F I C E B O Y OR G IR L Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerica l work. 21 SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerica l duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STENOGRAPHER, G ENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May a lso type from written copy. May a lso set up and keep file s in or der, keep simple records, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). STE N O G R A P H E R , T E C H N IC A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May a lso set up and keep file s in order, keep simple records, etc. D oes not include transcribing-machine work. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice c a lls . May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who ca ll in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N I S T In addition to performing duties o f operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerica l work may take the major part o f this worker's time while at switchboard. T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R C lass A— Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu-* la tor, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo s e supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences o f long and complex reports. D oes not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B— Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp e cific instructions and may include the performance o f some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually o f a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May a lso include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C— Operates simple tabulating or electrica l account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp e cific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R , G E N E R A L Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerica l work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. 22 TYPIST TYPIST— Continued Uses a typewriter to make cop ies o f various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of s te n cils , mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing p rocesses. May do clerica l work involving little sp e cia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. tuation, e tc ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing o f com plicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. C lass B—“Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing o f forms, insurance p o licie s, e tc .; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. C lass A— Performs one or more o f the follow ing: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- P R O F E S S I O N A L D R A F T S M A N , J U N IO R (Assistant draftsman) Draws to sca le units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types- of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. D R AFTSM AN, L E A D E R Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the follow ing: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during em ergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties o f a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. A N D T E C H N I C A L D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R — C on tin u ed involved in strength o f materials, beams and trusses; verifying com* pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing sp ecification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specification s. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units o f complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, m echanical, or structural drafting. N U R S E , IN D U S T R IA L (R E G IS T E R E D ) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combiner tion o f the follow ing: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing o f em ployees’ injuries; keeping records o i patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations o f applicants and em ployees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation o f plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety o f a ll personnel. D R A F T S M A N , S E N IO R TRACER Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur* p oses. Duties involve a combination o f the follow ing: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, crossf-sections, e tc ., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p en cil. U ses T-square, com pass, and other drafting to o ls. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 23 MAINTENANCE 3 PO W E R P L A N T C A R P E N T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casin gs, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selectin g materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. E L E C T R I C I A N , M A IN T E N A N C E Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any o f a variety o f electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ie f engineers in establishm ents employing more than one engineer are excluded . H E L P E R , T R A D E S , M A IN T E N A N C E A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp e cific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and to o ls; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is nermitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are a lso performed by workers on a full-time b asis. M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R , T O O L R O O M S pecializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fixtures, or d ies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustment^ during operation tc achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to se le ct proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and sp ecification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 24 M A C H IN IST, M A IN T E N A N C E — Continued M ILLW R IG H T— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo se toler ances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M A IN T E N A N C E ) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassem bling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine-shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specification s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. M IL L W R IG H T Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout O IL E R Lubricates, with o il or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur fa ces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. P A IN T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Paints and redeeprates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types o f paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils, white ledd, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. P IP E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various size s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications* In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in .installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded . 25 T O O L A N D D IE M AK ER P L U M B E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T E L E V A T O R O P E R A T O R , PASSENGER J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R — Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 26 LABORER MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued from freight ca rs, trucks, or other transporting d e v ice s; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who lead and unload ships are excluded . ORDER FILLER For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d as follow s: R eceiv in g clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receivin g clerk TRUCKDRIVER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specification s on sales s lip s , customers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to fillin g orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such a s: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesm en and over-the-road drivets cure excluded . PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the s p e cific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number o f units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method o f shipment. Work requires the placing o f items in shipping containers and may ijivolve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size o f container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a ckers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work in volves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means o f transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. R eceivin g work in volves: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against b ills of lading, in v oices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s . For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssifie d by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f s iz e s listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under ly2 ton s) Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer typ e) Truckdriver, heavy (o v er 4 tons, other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasolin e- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds o f premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICB: 1961 O— 601618
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