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Occupational Wage Survey CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA APRIL 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-60 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey CHARLESTON, W EST VIRGINIA APRIL 1961 Bulletin No. 1285-60 June 1961 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 20 cents Contents Preface Page The B ureau of L abor S ta tistics re g u la rly conducts areaw ide wage su rv ey s in a num ber of im portan t in d u stria l c e n te r s . The stu d ies, m ade fr o m late fa ll to e a r ly sprin g, rela te to occu pation al earnings and rela ted su pp lem entary b e n e fits. A p r e lim in a ry report is a va ilab le on com p letion of the study in each a re a , u su ally in the m onth follow ing the p a y ro ll p e rio d studied. This bu lletin p ro vid es addi tional data not included in the e a r lie r r e p o r t. A c o n s o l idated an a ly tica l bu lletin su m m a rizin g the r e su lts of all of the y e a r ’ s su rv ey s is issu e d after com p letion of the final area b u lletin fo r the cu rren t round of s u r v e y s. This rep o rt was p rep ared in the B u reau ’ s region al o ffice in C h ica g o, 111. , by W oodrow C . Linn, under the d irection of G eorge E . V otava, A s s is ta n t R egional D ire c to r fo r W a ges and In du strial R elation s. Introduction ____________________________________________________________________ W age trends fo r se le c te d occupational groups __________________________ 1 ^ T a b les: 1. 2. A: E sta b lish m en ts and w o rk ers within scop e of su rvey __________ P e rc e n ts of in c re a se in standard w eekly s a la r ie s and str a ig h t-tim e hourly earnings fo r se le c te d occupational groups ________________________________________________________________ O ccupational earnin gs: * A - 1. O ffice occupations ________________________________ A - 2. P r o fe ssio n a l and tech n ical occupations _______ A - 3. M aintenance and pow erplant occupations _____ A - 4 . C u stodial and m a te r ia l m ov em en t occupations Appendix: O ccupational d e scrip tion s * N O T E : S im ila r tabulations are a vailab le a re a report for A p ril I9 6 0 , which a lso esta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pp lem entary A d ir e c to r y indicating date of study and rep o rts is availab le upon req u est. 2 9 in the C h arle sto n includes data on wage p r o v isio n s. the p rice of the Union s c a le s , indicative of p revailin g pay le v e ls , are also a va ilab le for sev en s e le c te d building tra d es in the C h arlesto n a re a . m 2 -J C M /i ^ The C om m u n ity W age Survey P r o g r a m Occupational Wage Survey—Charleston, W. Va. Introduction T h is a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u str ia l c e n te r s in w h ich the U. S. D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r 's B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tistics con d u cts s u r v e y s o f o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d w age b en e fits on an a r e a b a s i s . The b u lle tin p r e s e n ts c u r r e n t o ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and ea rn in g s in fo r m a tio n obtain ed la r g e ly b y m a il fr o m the esta b lis h m e n ts v is it e d by B u reau fie ld e c o n o m is t s in the la s t p r e v io u s s u r v e y fo r o c c u pation s r e p o r t e d in that e a r lie r study. P e r s o n a l v is it s w e re m ade to n o n re sp o n d e n ts and to th ose r e sp o n d e n ts r e p o r tin g unusual changes s in c e the p r e v io u s s u r v e y . In e a c h a r e a , data a r e obtain ed fr o m r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s t a b lis h m en ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u fa ctu rin g; t r a n s p o r ta tion , 1 c o m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e; r e ta il tra d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l esta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e ra tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e om itted a ls o b e c a u s e they fu rn ish in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n s stud ied to w a r rant in c lu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , se p a r a te ta bu la tion s a r e p r o v id e d fo r e a ch o f the b r o a d in d u stry d iv is io n s . T h ese s u r v e y s a r e con d u cted on a sa m p le b a s is b e c a u s e of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in su r v e y in g a il e s ta b lis h m e n ts . T o obtain a p p ro p r ia te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a te r p r o p o r t io n o f la rg e than o f s m a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied. In co m b in in g the data, h ow e v e r , a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv e n th e ir a p p ro p r ia te w eigh t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e sta b lis h m e n ts stud ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as r e latin g to a il e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry g rou p in g and a r e a , e x cep t f o r th ose b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied . take a cco u n t o f in te r e sta b lish m e n t v a r ia tio n in duties w ithin the sa m e jo b . (See appendix fo r lis tin g o f th ese d e s c r ip tio n s . ) E a rn in gs data a re p r e s e n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) fo r the fo llo w in g ty pes o f o c c u p a tio n s : (a) O ffice c le r i c a l; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c ) m a in te n a n ce and p ow erp la n t; and (d) cu s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t. O ccu p a tion a l e m p loy m en t and ea rn in g s data a r e show n fo r fu ll-t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th ose h ire d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in the g iv en o c cu p a tio n a l c la s s ific a t io n . E arn in gs data e x clu d e p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and f o r w o r k on w ee k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts . N on p rod u ction b on u ses a r e ex clu d ed a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b on u ses and in ce n tiv e ea rn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h ere w eek ly h ou rs a re r e p o r t e d , as fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c cu p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o r k sc h e d u le s (roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r) fo r w h ich s tr a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a re paid; a v e r a g e w e e k ly ea rn in g s fo r th ese o c cu p a tio n s have b e e n roun ded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f m en and w om en a r e p r e se n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r s e le c t e d occu p a tio n s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e c o m m o n ly e m p lo y e d . D iffe r e n c e s in pa y le v e ls o f m en and w om en in th ese occu p a tio n s a re la r g e ly due to ( l ) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is tr ib u tio n o f the s e x e s am ong in d u str ie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c ifi c du ties p e r fo r m e d , although the o ccu p a tio n s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s ifie d w ithin the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in length o f s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w when in dividu al s a la r ie s a r e ad ju sted on this b a s is . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e s u lt in h ig h er a v e r a g e pay w hen both s e x e s a r e em p lo y e d w ithin the sa m e rate ra n g e . J ob d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th ese su r v e y s a r e u su a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th ose u sed in in dividu al esta b lis h m e n ts to a llo w fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s a m on g e sta b lish m en ts in s p e c ifi c duties p e r fo r m e d . O ccu p a tion s and E a rn in gs The o c cu p a tio n s s e le c t e d f o r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie ty o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tion a l c l a s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m se t o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d esig n ed to 1 R a ilr o a d s , f o r m e r l y ex clu d ed fr o m the s c o p e o f th ese s tu d ie s, w e r e in clu d ed in a ll o f the a r e a s stu d ied s in c e July 1959, e x ce p t B a lti m o r e (S e p te m b e r 1959 and D e c e m b e r I9 6 0 ), B u ffa lo (O cto b e r 1959), C le v e la n d (S ep tem b er 1959), and S eattle (A ugust 1959). O ccu p a tion a l em p lo y m e n t e stim a te s r e p r e s e n t the total in a ll esta b lis h m e n ts w ithin the s c o p e o f the study and n ot the n u m ber a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B eca u se o f d iffe r e n c e s in o c cu p a tio n a l stru c tu re am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s o f occu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t obtained fr o m the sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts studied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stud ied. T h ese d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u pa tion a l s tru c tu re do not m a te r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n ings data. 2 T ab le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ithin scop e of su rv e y and n u m b er studied in C h a r le sto n , W . V a . , 1 by m a jo r in d u str y d iv is io n , 2 A p r il 1961 N u m b er o f e sta b lish m e n ts W ithin sc o p e of study3 Studied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 124 M an u factu rin g _____________________________________________________________ N on m an u factu rin g -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T r a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u t i l i t i e s 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------W h o le s a le tra d e 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------R e ta il tra d e 5 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e , in su r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te 5 -----------------------------------------S e r v ic e s 5> 6 ____________________________________________________________ In d u stry d iv isio n A ll d iv isio n s W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts W ithin sc o p e o f study Studied 73 3 4 , 300 2 9 ,6 5 0 33 91 25 48 20 , 100 14, 200 1 9 ,5 1 0 1 0 ,1 4 0 22 16 34 9 10 21 5 12 4 6 6, 300 1, 200 5, 100 800 800 6, 040 470 2, 63 0 45 0 550 1 The C h a r le s to n Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a (K anaw ha C oun ty). The "w o r k e r s w ithin sc o p e of s tu d y " e s t im a t e s shown in this table p rovid e a r e a so n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n of the s iz e and c o m p o sitio n of the la b o r fo r c e in clu d ed in the su r v e y . The e s t im a t e s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is of c o m p a r is o n w ith other a r e a e m p lo y m e n t in d e x es to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m en t tre n d s or le v e ls sin ce ( l ) planning o f w age su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the u se o f e sta b lish m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance o f the p a y r o ll p erio d stu d ied , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e ex clu d ed fr o m the sc o p e of the s u r v e y . 2 The 1957 r e v is e d ed ition o f the Standard In d u stria l C la s s if ic a tio n M an ual w as u se d in c la s s if y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts by in d u str y d iv isio n . M a jo r ch an ges f r o m the e a r l ie r ed ition (u se d in the B u r e a u ’ s la b o r m a r k e t w age su rv e y s cond ucted p r io r to July 1958) a r e the t r a n s fe r of m ilk p a ste u r iz a tio n plants and r e a d y -m ix e d c o n c r e te e s ta b lis h m e n ts f r o m tra d e (w h o le sa le o r r e ta il) to m a n u fa c tu rin g , and the t r a n s fe r o f rad io and te le v is io n b r o a d ca stin g fr o m s e r v ic e s to the tra n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and oth er public u tilit ie s d iv isio n . 3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts with total e m p lo y m e n t at or above the m in im u m -s iz e lim ita tio n (50 e m p lo y e e s ). A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the area) of c o m p a n ie s in su ch in d u s tr ie s a s tr a d e , fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o t io n -p ic t u r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e sta b lis h m e n t. 4 T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w ater tr a n sp o r ta tio n w e r e ex clu d ed . 5 T h is in d u str y d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s t im a t e s f o j " a l l i n d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A ta b le s . S ep a ra te p r e se n ta tio n of data fo r th is d iv is io n is not m ad e fo r one o r m o r e of the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : ( l ) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv isio n is too s m a ll to p ro v id e enough data to m e r it se p a r a te stud y, (2) the sa m p le w as not d esig n ed in itia lly to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e se n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in su ffic ie n t or inadequate to p e r m it se p a r a te p r e se n ta tio n , (4) th e re is p o s s ib ility o f d is c lo s u r e o f in divid u al e sta b lish m e n t d ata. 6 H o t e ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir sh o p s; m o tio n p ic tu r e s ; n on p rofit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s; and en g in eerin g and a r c h ite c tu r a l s e r v i c e s . T a b le 2. P e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e in stan d ard w ee k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c te d o c cu p ation al g rou p s in C h a r le sto n , W . V a . , A p r il I9 6 0 to A p r il 1961 O ccu p ation al groups O ffic e c le r ic a l (w om en) ___________________________ In d u stria l n u r s e s (w om en) ________________________ S k illed m ain te n an ce (m en) ________________________ U n sk ille d plant (m en) ______________________________ A l l in d u str ie s 2. 7 3 .9 3. 3 2. 1 M an ufactu ring 3. 3. 3. 1. 5 9 2 3 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n te d in ta ble 2 a r e p e r c e n ts o f change in s a la r ie s o f w om en o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u stria l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f s e le c t e d plant w o r k e r g ro u p s. F o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u stria l n u r s e s , the p e r cen ts o f change re la te to a v e r a g e w eek ly s a la r ie s f o r n o rm a l h ou rs o f w ork , that is , the stan dard w ork sch e d u le f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t -tim e s a la r ie s a r e p a id . F o r plant w o r k e r g ro u p s, th ey m e a s u r e changes in s tr a ig h t -tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s, e x clu d in g p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and f o r w o rk pn w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts. The p e r cen ta g es a r e b a s e d on data fo r s e le c t e d k e y o c cu p a tio n s and in clu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a lly im p orta n t jo b s w ithin ea ch g rou p . The o f f ic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a se d on w om en in the fo llo w in g 18 jo b s : B i lle r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ); b o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B ; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; c le r k s , file , c la s s A and B ; c le r k s , o r d e r ; c le r k s , p a y r o ll; keyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s ; o ffic e g ir l s ; s e c r e t a r ie s ; ste n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; sw itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ; s w itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r r e c e p t io n is t s ; ta b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ; tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l; and ty p is ts , c la s s A and B. The in d u stria l n u rse data a r e b a s e d on w om en in d u stria l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 10 s k ille d m a in ten a n ce jo b s and 3 u n sk illed jo b s w e re in clu d ed in the plant w o r k e r data: S k illed — c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is ts ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , a u tom otiv e; m illw r ig h ts ; p a in te r s ; p ip e fitte r s ; sh e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r s ; and to o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n itd r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; la b o r e r s , m a te r ia l han dlin g; and w atch m en . A v e r a g e w eek ly s a la r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e re com p u ted fo r ea ch o f the s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s . The a v e r a g e s a l a r ie s o r h o u r ly ea rn in g s w e re then m u ltip lie d by the a v e r a g e e m p lo y m en t in the jo b du ring the m onths in d ica te d in the title o f ta ble 2. T h e se w eigh ted ea rn in g s f o r in d iv id u al o c cu p a tio n s w e re then tota led to obtain an a g g re g a te f o r e a c h o c cu p a tio n a l grou p . F in a lly , the ra tio o f th ese grou p a g g re g a te s f o r the one y e a r to the a g g re g a te f o r the oth e r y e a r w as com p u ted and the d iffe r e n c e betw een the r e s u lt and 100 is the p e r c e n t o f change fr o m the one p e r io d to the o th e r. The p e r c e n t o f change m e a s u r e s , p r in c ip a lly , the e ffe c t s o f (1) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w age ch a n g es; (2) m e r it o r o th e r in c r e a s e s in pay r e c e iv e d b y in div idu al w o r k e r s w h ile in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) changes in the la b o r f o r c e su ch as la b o r tu r n o v e r, f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n ges in the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t pay le v e ls . Changes in the la b o r f o r c e can ca u se in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c cu p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout actu al w age ch a n g es. F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e ex p a n sion m igh t in c r e a s e the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r pa id w o r k e r s in a s p e c ifi c o c cu p a tio n and r e s u lt in a d rop in the a v e r a g e , w h erea s a r e d u ctio n in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r pa id w o r k e r s w ould have the o p p o s ite e ffe c t . The m o v e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g esta b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a cou ld ca u se the a v e r a g e ea rn in g s to d ro p , even though no change in ra tes o c c u r r e d in o th e r a r e a e sta b lis h m e n ts. The u se o f con stan t em p loy m en t w eigh ts e lim in a te s the e ffe c t s o f changes in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n te d in ea ch jo b in clu d ed in the data. N or a r e the p e r c e n ts o f change in flu en ced by changes in stan dard w o rk sc h e d u le s o r in p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e , s in c e they a re b a s e d on pa y f o r s t r a ig h t-tim e h o u rs. In dexes fo r the p e r io d 1953 to I960 f o r w o r k e r s in 20 m a jo r la b o r m a rk e ts w ill a p p ea r in BUS B u ll. 12 6 5 -6 2 , W ages and R ela ted B e n e fits, 60 L a b o r M a rk e ts, W in ter 1 9 5 9 -6 0 . 4 A* Occupational Earnings Table A-l. Office Occupations (A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, C harleston, W. Va. , A p ril 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING, STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of Weekly hours 1 (Standard) $ 3 5 . 00 Weekly earnings * (Standavd) u n d e r 4 0 . 00 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 5 0 . 00 $ 55. 00 $ 6 0 . 00 $ 65. 00 $ 7 0 . 00 $ $ $ 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 12 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 4 5 . 00 50. 00 5 5 . 00 6 0. 00 65. 00 7 0 . 00 75. 00 80. 00 9 5 . 00 and M en 8 5. 00 90 . 00 i 1 - - 10 - - - 10 - - - - 1 4 - 14 2 3 2 8 - 2 4 12 1 8 _ _ _ 115 3 9 .5 $ 1 17.50 78 40. 0 130.00 - - - 37 39. 0 9 1.00 - - - ---------- 22 40. 0 9 7.50 - _ - O f f i c e b o y s _____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------- 68 36 32 3 9 .0 6 6.50 _ 39. 5 38. 5 75.5 0 56.50 - 2 - - 2 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A ________________________________ 19 40. 0 114.50 _ _ _ a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B over 1 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ---------M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------C le r k s , 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 - |_4 3 7 4 5 2 14 6 9 6 _ 6 6 7 4 4 4 - 3 3 8 3 3 1 2 7 1 1 2 - - - - 19 1 - 1 4 _ _ 9 1 3 _ _ 3 _ _ . . 11 10 13 12 2 - 6 _ . 1 - _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 2 - _ _ _ 1 5 - - 6 ! ! j 3 3 _ . _ - - - - - ~ - 1 1 1 _ . 20 23 2 22 1 - - 1 1 6 2 2 2 1 1 “ “ “ - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - _ 1 1 - 2 2 - I T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------- 18 18 40. 0 40. 0 106.50 i 106.50 1 1 _____: ___ ____: ____ 1 1 1 j 1 3 3 2 2 ' - 1 1 i 6 1 6 ' 1 W om en 1 B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b il lin g m a c h in e ) N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h i n e ) -----------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ 18 17 39. 0 39. 0 6 3.50 62.50 _ 30 25 38. 5 39. 0 44.00 42.50 10 10 8 8 84 40. 0 57.50 _ 2 B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------- 71 40. 5 56.50 - 2 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A ---------M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------- 58 17 41 38. 5 40. 0 38. 0 90.50 108.50 8 3.50 _ 2 2 20 15 19 19 14 13 11 11 1 - 1 1 2 2 1 _ _ „ - - - 6 3 8 7 3 _ _ “ 1 1 - 15 - 1 - 3 3 _ - 15 1 - 3 2 1 4 1 3 - - - - - - 1 1 2 - 2 11 - - 2 3 2 1 3 3 - 1 1 11 _ - - 3 2 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ 6 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 - 1 2 1 - - 1 _ 1 6 _ _ _ _ 1 21 6 2 4 3 3 . . 19 6 2 4 3 3 - _ _ 1 1 1 _ _ _ 2 _ 1 - - - _ 2 _ 7 7 _ 1 - - 6 2 1 1 2 - 8 - 2 - 1 - 6 - 2 - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 7 6 5 3 4 3 10 10 4 4 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ . . 5 _ _ _ _ 5 - - - - 6 15 15 . 316 5 51 38. 5 55.50 _ 48 38. 5 55.50 - 5 5 7 6 39. 0 40. 0 38. 0 91.50 _ 110.50 6 7.50 - 1 - 3 - - 1 3 - 37. 5 3 7 .0 58.50 54.50 15 15 10 10 14 13 3 2 84.50 _ _ _ 13 3 99.50 - - - _ . 3 - 97.50 113.50 86.00 96.50 _ 3 - 39. 0 39. 5 _ 1 - 39. 5 40. 0 _ 1 8 5.50 161 81 _ 1 39. 0 282 121 - 1 20 39. 5 40. 0 - 3 - 63 - 3 11 37 . 4 2 2 3 K e y p u n c h o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ - _ _ _ - 2 2 17 81 - . i 1 1 _ 7 69 " - 39. 0 C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s ____________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ 1 1 _ 6 - 20 16 1 1 - 1 36 3 2 _ 1 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ 1 1 1 ________________ See footnotes at end o f table. 2 2 _ 1 12 C le r k s , S e c r e t a r i e s _____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 4 ----------------------- 5 3 - 49 " 4 3 17 - .3 9 ,.! 39. 5 C l e r k s , p a y r o l l _______________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------- 1 1 7 - 66 17 c la s s A 6 6 59.50 86.00 50.50 C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ______ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ file , - 6 6 ! 2 1 1 7 1 3 _ _ 2 4 8 2 5 4 2 8 3 - ~ 4 1 2 4 4 2 8 3 1 1 3 3 27 12 3 19 6 11 14 27 27 14 15 20 9 2 5 5 6 17 16 10 7 9 2 9 9 9 18 14 5 13 4 9 18 12 5 9 2 9 8 10 8 15 3 1 9 3 1 3 3 - 2 - 4 - 2 1 3 - 12 - - 2 4 1 3 12 5 22 " " " ~ 3 3 ------6 _ - - _ _ 16 _ - 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t i m e w e e k ly h o u r s an d e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n , C h a r le s t o n , W . V a . , A p r il 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- Average Sex, o c c u p a tio n , an d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n of workers WeeklVj (Standard) $ $ Weekly 3 5 . 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 earnings 1 and * (Standard) u n d e r 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 5 0 . 00 $ $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S S $ $ 5 0 . 00 5 5 . 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 and " " 5 5 . 00 6 5 . 00 6 0 . 00 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 1 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 | W o m e n — C o n t in u e d over i 2 3 12 2 3 12 11 1 50 50 50 00 5 24 24 4 4 7 4 3 1 1 6 6 . 00 6 2 . 00 _ 3 9 .5 40. 0 38. 5 3 9 .5 $ 8 2 .5 0 9 2 . 00 6 8 . 00 7 9 . 50 88 29 59 15 40. 39. 40. 40. t 66. 87. 56. 85. 38 27 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l ___________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 4 339 202 137 63 S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s _____________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b lic u t i l i t i e s 4 S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ___ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 0 5 0 0 12 1 j ! i 1 17 1 16 17 4 13 4 27 6 21 4 23 14 1 1 - 3 3 5 1 4 2 2 1 9 8 “ i - 1 1 “ 8 7 2 1 11 11 8 6 30 12 1 18 17 48 32 16 14 18 15 3 3 6 2 4 9 1 8 8 6 I 5 5 _ 1 - - 1 1 ; 3 1 T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s , g e n e r a l _______________________________________ 20 38. 0 6 1 . 00 - - - 10 2 - 5 - 1 - 2 T y p i s t s , c l a s s A _____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ 79 63 16 3 9 .5 40. 0 39. 0 8 4 . 00 8 7 . 50 7 0 . 50 _ - _ - _ - _ - - - 7 7 3 1 2 23 20 3 11 1 ii - 2 2 14 14 - 1 1 T y p is t s , c la s s B ____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 4 ______________________ 125 44 81 28 39. 40. 38. 39. 61. 70. 56. 61. _ 5 23 - - - 5 ------ 2 ~ 21 “ “ 26 1 25 14 11 1 10 3 9 5 4 2 8 3 5 3 26 25 1 1 11 7 4 3 5 5 2 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 | - 1 49 40 9 8 ! ! 27 j 23 4 1 4 13 13 2 2 - 12 12 2 2 9 9 i 3 3 27 27 1 1 1 1 - | " 3 3 - 1 1 - _ 2 I 1 - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 _ _ 1 - 1 j _ - - - 2 2 10 10 3 3 — _ _ . _ . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - 1 1 _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - 2 1 1 - - i - - - - - . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - i - - - - - “ " ■ - ~ " * “ i i ! - ! 1------------1 2 3 4 5 S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a n d th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 11 a t $ 1 4 0 t o $ 1 5 0 ; 7 a t $ 1 5 0 t o $ 1 6 0 ; 4 a t $ 1 6 0 a n d o v e r . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s ; 9 a t $ 1 4 0 t o $ 1 4 5 ; 1 a t $ 1 45 t o $ 1 5 0 ; 6 a t $ 1 5 0 t o $ 1 5 5 . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . I n c l u d e s 8 w o r k e r s a t $ 30 t o $ 3 5 . Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , C h a r le s to n , W . V a . , A p r il 1961) A verage S ex, o c c u p a tio n , an d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n Number of workers NUM BER OF WORKERS R E CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E W E E KLY EARN ING S OF— $ Weekly^ (Standard) Weekly earnings1 (Standard) U nder <fc 8 5 . 00 $ 8 5 . 00 and under _9IL 0Q_ 9 0 . 00 $ 9 5 .0 0 ~ $ 1 0 0 .0 0 - $ 1 0 5 .0 0 ~ $ 1 1 0 .0 0 - $ 1 1 5 .0 0 “ $ 1 2 0 .0 0 " S 1 2 5 .0 0 ~ 9 5 . 0 0 - LQQ.0Q_ 1 .0 5 ,0 0 . 1 1 0 .0 0 . 1 1 5 ,0 .0 1 2 0 .0 0 . 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 $ 1 3 0 .0 0 “ $ 1 3 5 .0 0 ' $ 1 4 0 .0 0 - $ 1 4 5 .0 0 " $ 1 5 0 .0 0 “ 1 3 5 ,0 0 . 1 4 0 .0 0 . 1 4 5 .0 0 .150.H Q. 1 5 3 , 0 0 $ 1 5 5 .0 0 $ 1 6 0 .0 0 $ 1 6 5 .0 0 and “ 1 6 0 .0 0 M en D r a f t s m e n , s e n i o r _____________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________________________ D r a ft s m e n , ju n io r _____________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________________________ 75 72 40. 0 40. 0 $ 1 4 7 .5 0 _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 4 8 .5 0 - - - - - - 40. 0 40. 0 1 1 1 .0 0 1 1 4 .5 0 1 2 61 - - 47 44 40. 0 40. 0 1 0 5 .5 0 1 0 6 .5 0 3 2 1 76 2 2 1 1 7 7 3 1 5 5 3 3 8 8 7 7 8 8 13 13 4 4 2 13 13 - _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ ~ ■ 8 4 8 4 12 10 5 5 12 11 4 4 8 7 4 4 5 5 7 7 _ - - 7 7 7 6 7 7 3 3 7 7 2 2 10 10 _ _ _ _ _ " ' _ W om en N u r s e s , i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) _______ -____________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________________________ S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t t h e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a n d th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w 's : 4 a t $ 1 6 5 t o $ 1 7 0 ; 7 a t $ 1 7 0 t o $ 1 7 5 ; 2 a t $ 1 7 5 t o $ 1 8 0 . “ 6 Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision, C harleston, W . V a. , A p ril 1961) N UM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a tio n an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers Average hourly j earnings1 $ U nder $ 1. 80 $ $ 1. 80 and under 1. 90 $ $ 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 1 66 1 62 $ 3 . 24 3. 26 ' E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n c e __________ ______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________ ______________ 345 341 3. 26 3. 26 . . _ _ " " " “ E n g in e e r s , s ta t io n a r y ______________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 188 181 3. 11 3. 12 _ . _ ~ “ 2 2 . ~ H e l p e r s , t r a d e s , m a in te n a n c e ___________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________ 185 120 65 2. 68 2. 83 2 .4 1 1 1 _ _ - - 1 1 “ " " M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e __________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 172 1 68 3. 27 3. 28 M e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t i v e ( m a i n t e n a n c e ) ---------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________________ 173 58 1 15 83 2. 2. 2. 2. M e c h a n i c s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________ 518 482 36 3. 30 3. 34 2. 71 62 69 58 62 2. 30 $ 2. 4 0 $ 2. 50 S $ $ $ $ " " “ 2. 4 0 $ 2. 9 0 3. 00 3. 10 3 . 20 3. 30 3. 4 0 2. 70 2 . 80 2. 9 0 3. 00 3 . 10 3. 20 3 . 30 3 .4 0 over 8 8 “ 23 23 " “ 1 30 130 28 27 45 45 " 4 1 “ 268 268 38 38 ~ _ _ _ 2 2 1 1 _ _ “ “ . . _ ~ ~ “ 3 2 ~ 2 2 14 14 . 2. 60 _ 1 1 ■ . 8 4 ~ 47 2 45 13 9 4 _ _ " _ " _ 10 10 3 3 - 6 6 - 4 4 - ■ " " “ _ _ _ _ _ “ “ " “ 5 1 4 4 16 2 14 14 4 4 - 9 8 1 1 4 3 1 1 “ 20 20 1 1 2 2 111 111 3 3 7 7 64 64 13 13 " - 19 19 “ “ 26 26 7 7 4 3 9 2 7 3 2 1 1 1 6 6 5 3 2 9 9 _ _ ' ~ ~ _ „ _ . . ~ - " " " _ 1 2 " ~ 20 1 19 19 42 2 40 40 14 14 7 7 23 14 9 ■ 20 20 _ “ 13 13 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 " “ “ " “ 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " “ " “ “ “ “ “ “ 3 . 27 3 . 27 O ile r s ___________________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 21 21 2. 73 2. 73 . _ „ . . . . _ “ " “ _ - ■ 1 1 2 2 12 12 1 1 1 1 4 4 P a i n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e _____________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 156 154 3. 19 3. 21 4 2 _ _ . _ _ . . “ " “ “ “ ~ 8 8 . " " 1 1 16 16 P i p e f i t t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e __________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________ _____________ 597 597 3. 29 3 . 29 . . _ . . _ “ 1 1 “ 10 10 _ _ 6 6 _ " S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e _____________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 76 76 3. 35 3. 35 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, holidays , and late sh ifts. Transportation, com m unication, and other public u tilities. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 1. 70 to $ 1. 80. Both w orkers w ere at $ 1. 30 to $ 1 .4 0 . _ . " ' 4 _ . . 34 “ _ 1 1 ' “ _ “ 237 237 $ 2. 8 0 M illw r ig h ts --------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 1 2 3 4 $ 2. 70 2. 50 “ _ _ $ 2. 6 0 and C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________ ______________ " $ " _ _ - - . - 1 1 - - ~ ~ “ 131 131 1 1 5 1 4 20 20 - - ' " 4 4 455 455 - “ ~ _ 204 204 _ " . _ _ “ _ . ~ 69 69 60 60 . ' 57 57 _ 3 3 18 18 502 502 . 2 2 _ 1 1 _ 73 73 _ ' • 7 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d iv is io n , C h a r le s t o n , W . V a . , A p r il 1961) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a tio n 1 an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers $ Average hourly 2 U n d e r 1. 00 earnings and $ under 1. 00 1.10 $ 1. 10 $ 1. 20 - - 1. 20 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .4 0 $ - 1 .3 .Q - 1 .4 Q .. 1. 50 - 1. 50 1. 60 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 - " 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 4 0 $ 2 . 50 - - - - " - " 2. 00 1. 80 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 E l e v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r ( w o m e n ) ______ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ______________________________ 44 44 $ 0. 82 . 82 3 24 24 16 16 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - G u ards _________________________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ 133 133 2. 87 2. 87 - - - - - - _ _ _ _ - . - “ - " - - - - - " - J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , a n d c l e a n e r s (m e n ) _______ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 _____________________________ 543 333 210 84 1. 92 2. 24 1 .4 2 1. 77 21 1 20 34 4 30 12 3 9 - 8 2 6 3 8 2 6 1 30 11 19 13 23 13 10 9 28 28 26 17 5 12 12 13 5 8 4 18 18 - - 42 3 39 13 1 1 " 29 8 21 2 J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , a n d c l e a n e r s ( w o m e n ) ____ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 _____________________________ 39 31 21 1 .4 0 1. 35 1. 52 7 66 3 3 9 9 9 4 4 4 - 5 - 1 - _ - - " - 6 6 6 _ - - 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 1 1 - - " L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d lin g ____________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 _____________________________ 453 2 43 2 10 90 2. 2. 2. 2. 28 47 07 61 - 17 17 16 16 6 6 1 1 1 1 7 7 1 1 56 16 40 3 3 2 2 - 8 5 3 1 1 - - - - - - - ‘ " - 5 1 4 1 - R e c e i v i n g c l e r k s _____________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ 107 95 2. 8 0 2. 86 - - - - 1 - - - 2 _ 5 - - - " - " " 1 1 - - ___________________ 29 2. 6 9 - _ - - _ _ - 1 _ _ _ 2 2. 2. 2. 2. 51 67 22 59 2 2 . _ „ - - 1 1 - 5 5 21 21 13 1 12 11 11 2 1 1 5 5 - - - - - - - " " - - - - - - " - - - - 1 1 10 10 2 1 1 - " S h ip p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g c l e r k s - - 2 .4 0 2. 50 $ 2. 6 0 - 2. 60 2. 70 $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 $ 2. 9 0 - - - 2. 80 - - " - - 8 8 _ _ - 8 8 _ - 9 9 _ - _ - _ - - 259 258 1 1 - - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - 11 6 115 1 72 53 19 1 1 89 - - " - - 1 1 5 5 3 3 2 2 2 _ 4 4 _ 16 16 - 11 11 - - - 15 8 7 1 21 18 3 3 4 1 3 1 49 41 8 1 77 8 69 69 - - 6 6 6 5 1 1 1 - " 2 1 1 28 6 22 _ 2. 90 3 . 00 $ 3. 00 and over 83 83 _ - 4 25 25 _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 89 89 _ - _ - - - - _ - _ - 7 51 51 - - - 8 8 72 68 4 4 - - 3 3 _ 4 - _ 1 8 11 - 1 39 131 8 44 44 - 1 1 - - - - - 36 28 8 - T r u c k d r i v e r s 9 --------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 5 437 281 156 75 T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d iu m ( I V 2 to and i n c l u d i n g 4 t o n s ) _______________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________ 92 48 44 2. 52 2. 63 2 .4 1 - T r u c k d r iv e r s , h eavy (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a i l e r t y p e ) _____________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________ 22 17 2. 4 0 2. 53 - - - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - - - - " - - - 8 8 - " 2 2 - - - - - - 6 6 - 1 1 T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , o t h e r th a n t r a i l e r t y p e ) ______________________ 79 2. 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 - 5 - 40 17 - 2 5 - T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ 63 38 2. 55 2. 52 5 - - - - - - - 5 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 11 11 28 3 - 9 9 7 - W a t c h m e n ______________________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g 36 21 1. 56 1. 6 9 2 3 3 1 1 4 4 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 5 5 _ _ Data lim ited to m en w orkers except where otherwise indicated. Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eekends, h olid ays, and late shifts. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 10 at $ 0. 40 to $ 0. 60; 8 at $ 0. 60 to $ 0. 80; 6 at $ 0. 80 to $ 1. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 3 at $ 3 to $ 3. 20; 17 at $ 3. 20 to $ 3. 40; 5 at $ 3. 40 to $ 3. 60. T ran sportation, com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 1 at $ 0. 60 to $ 0. 70; 5 at $ 0. 90 to $ 1. A ll w orkers w ere at $ 3 to $ 3. 10. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 1 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10; 1 0 at $ 3. 2 0 to $ 3. 30. Includes all d rivers regard less of size and type of truck operated. 10 _ - 8 8 _ _ _ _ " _ 7 9 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes in applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E B I L L E R , MACHINE BO O KKEEPIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work inciden tal to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are cla ssified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. , B iller machine (billing machine)— U ses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon cop ies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine)-—Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a num ber of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. C lass A — Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated re ports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B— Keeps a record of one or more phases or section s of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, pay roll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense d is tribution, inventory control, etc. May check or a ss is t in prep aration of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the a c counting department. CLERK , ACCOUNTING C lass A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or a c countant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a complete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an e s tablishment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and 10 CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receiv able or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouch ers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and ex perience in making proper assignations and allocation s. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. Class B— Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in office s in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func tional basis among several workers. CLERK, PAYROLL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’ s name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distrib uting pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. COMPTOMETER OPERATOR Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) CLERK, FILE Class A — R esponsible for maintaining an established filing system. C lassifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B— Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified, or locates or a ssists in locating ma terial in the file s. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER R eceives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective de partments to be filled. May check with credit department to deter mine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon sib ilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjust ments such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file o f used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. 11 SECRETARY SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and making phone ca lls ; handling personal and important or confidental mail, a'nd writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or therecorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May pre pare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type writer. May also type from written copy. May a lso set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribingmachine work (see transcribing-machine operator). p osi also This time OPERATOR Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans lated data On forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine; does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate auxiliary machines. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scien tific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing- Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. machine work. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR TYPIST Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office ca lls. May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to persons who ca ll in or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports or sorting and distributing incoming mail. 12 TYPIST— Continued TYPIST— Continued Class A— Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form from very rough and involved draft; copying from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreign-language copy; combining material from several sources, or planning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. Class B— Performs one or more o f the following: Typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licie s, e tc., setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rougl^ or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur p oses. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cr o s s-s e ctio n s , e tc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR— Continued writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications* May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 13 M A IN T E N A N C E D POW ERPLANT CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring ini* iments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions 01 ork; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, d is tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. ENGINEER, STATIONARY Operates and maintains and may a lso supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or ch ief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded . HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp e cific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts ot a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma chinist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 14 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued MILLWRIGHT— Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo se toler* ances; making standard shop computations re la ting to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specification s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MILLWRIGHT Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout OILER Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or con sistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various size s of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded . 15 TOOL AND DIE MAKER PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) o f an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety o f handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jig s, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to c lo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this cla ssifica tion . C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building* apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures;polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises o f an o ffice , apartment house, or commercial LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 16 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING— Continued fron^ freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d e v ice s; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded . ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specification s on sales slips, customers' orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records o f outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and pertorm other related duties. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssified as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such a s: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May a lso load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded . PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp e cific operations performed being dependent upon the type, siz e , and number o f units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded . SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Veri fying or directing, others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in v oices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s . For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 7% tons) Truckdriver, medium (lVi to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons , trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons , other than trailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ft U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1961 O — 598477 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys will be conducted in the 82 major labor markets listed below during late I960 and early 1961. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for 80 labor markets, combined with additional analysis, will be issued early in 1962. Akron, Ohio— Bull. 1285♦Albany—Schenectady—Troy, N .Y .— Bull. 1285-51 Albuquerque, N. Mex.— Bull. 1285-61 * Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a .-N .J .— Bull. 1285- 47 Atlanta, Ga.— Bull. 1285♦Baltimore, Md.— Bull. 1285-34 Beaumont—Port Arthur, T ex .— Bull. 1285Birmingham, A la.— Bull. 1285-53 * Green Bay, Wis.— Bull. 1285-2 Greenville, S.C.— Bull. 1285-63 Houston, Tex.— Bull. 1285* Indianapolis, Ind.— Bull. 1285-28 * Jackson, Miss.— Bull. 1285-42 ♦♦Jacksonville, Fla.— Bull. 1285-30 ♦Kansas City, Mo.—Kans.— Bull. 1285-18 Lawrence—Haverhill, Mass.—N.H.— Bull. 1285♦♦ Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark.— Buil. 1285-6 Boise, Idaho— Bull. 1285-62 ♦♦Boston, Mass.— Bull. 1285-15 ♦♦Buffalo, N .Y .— Bull. 1285-31 Burlington, V t.— Bull. 1285-57 *Canton, Ohio— Bull. 1285-29 Charleston, W. Va.— Bull. 1285-60 Charlotte, N .C.— Bull. 1285-58 ♦♦Chattanooga, Tenn.—Ga.— Bull. 1285-14 Chicago, 111.— Bull. 1285-66 Los Angeles—Long Beach, Calif.— Bull. 1285-52 ♦♦Louisville, Ky.—Ind.— Bull. 1285-49 Lubbock, Tex.— Bull. 1285* Manchester, N.H.— Bull. 1285-1 * Memphis, Tenn.— Bull. 1285-35 * Miami, Fla.— Bull. 1285-33 Milwaukee, Wis.- -Bull. 1285-64 ♦♦ Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.— Bull. 1285-39 Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich.— Bull. 1285- Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.— Bull. 1285-59 ♦♦Cleveland, Ohio— Bull. 1285-11 ♦♦Columbus, Ohio— Bull. 1285- 38 ♦♦Dallas, T ex.— Bull. 1285-21 ♦♦Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111.— Bull. 1285-16 ♦Dayton, Ohio— Bull. 1285-41 ♦Denver, C olo.— Bull. 1285-27 ♦Des Moines, Iowa— Bull. 1285-43 ♦♦Detroit, Mich.— Bull. 1285-37 ♦♦Fort Worth, T ex.— Bull. 1285-23 * Newark and Jersey City, N.J.— Bull. 1285-40 ♦New Haven, Conn.— Bull. 1285-46 ♦♦New Orleans, L a .— Bull. 1285-48 New York, N.Y.— Bull. 1285-65 Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News— Hampton, Va.— Bull. 1285♦♦ Oklahoma City, Okla.— Bull. 1285-3 ♦♦ Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa— Bull. 1285-13 Paterson—Clifton—Passaic, N.J. — Bull. 1285*♦ Philadelphia, Pa.— Bull. 1285-24 Phoenix, Ariz.— Bull. 1285- 55 ♦♦Pittsburgh, Pa.— Bull. 1285-44 ♦Portland, Maine— Bull. 1285-19 Portland, Oreg.—Wash.— Bull. 1285Providence—Pawtucket, R.I.—Mass.— Bull. 1285“ ♦♦Raleigh, N.C.— Bull. 1285*5 ♦Richmond, Va.— Bull. 1285-26 Rockford, 111.— Bull. 1285**S t. Louis, Mo.-111.— Bull. 1285-10 ♦♦Salt Lake City, Utah— Bull. 1285-32 San Antonio, Tex.— Bull. 1285♦San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, Calif.— Bull. 1285-4 ♦♦San Francisco—Oakland, Calif.— Bull. 1285-36 Savannah, Ga.— Bull. 1285♦♦ Scranton, Pa.— Bull. 1285-8 ♦♦Seattle, Wash.— Bull. 1285-7 ♦♦♦Sioux Falls, S. Dak.— Bull. 1285-17 South Bend, Ind.— Bull. 1285-54 Spokane, Wash.— Bull. 1285* ♦ * Toledo, Ohio— Bull. 1^85-50 * * Trenton, N.J.— Bull. 1285-25 * * Washington, D .C.-M d.-V a___Bull. 1285-22 Waterbury, Conn.— Bull. 1285-56 * Waterloo, Iowa— Bull. 1^85-20 ♦♦Wichita, Kans.— Bull. 1285-5/ ♦♦Wilmington, D el.-N .J.— Bull. 1285-12 Worcester, Mass.— Bull. 1285♦York, Pa.— Bull. 1285-45 An asterisk preceding a labor market indicates the availability and price of the bulletin. Please do not order copies in advance. * ** *** Price, 20 cents. Price, 25 cents. Price, 15 cents.
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