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Occupational Wage Survey WASHINGTON, D.C. -MD.-VA. NOVEMBER 1960 Bulletin No. 1285-22 UNITED ST A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R Arthur J. G old b erg , Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan C lag u e, Comm bsioner Occupational Wage Survey WASHINGTON, D. C. -MD.-VA. NOVEMBER 1960 Bulletin No. 1285-22 January 1961 UNITED S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R Arthur J. G oldb erg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clagwa, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The C o m m u n i t y W age S u r v e y P r o g r a m In tro du ctio n ____________________________________________________ W a ge t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s --------------------------------------- 1 4 T ab le s: 1. 2. A: rep ort w as Y ork, N. Y. F r e d e r ic k W a g e s and p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u ^ r e g io n a l , by E llio tt A . B r o w a r , un d er the W. M u e lle r , A s s is t a n t R e g io n a l In d u s tr ia l R e la t io n s . 3 O c c u p a t io n a l e a r n i n g s : * A - 1. O ff i c e o c c u p a ti o n s _______________________________ A - 2. P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a ti o n s ________________ A - 3. M a in te n a n ce and p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a ti o n s _______________ A - 4. C u s t o d i a l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s __________ 1 E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p ro visio n s: B -l. Shift d i f f e r e n t i a l s ____________________________________ B-2. M in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f fi c e w o r k e r s ____ B-3. S ch ed u le d w e e k l y h o u r s _____________________________ B - 4 . P a i d h o l i d a y s _______________________________________ B -5. P a i d v a c a t i o n s ______________________________________ B-6. H ealth, i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s __________________ 12 13 14 13 16 18 App endix: O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ______________________________ * N O T E : S i m i l a r t a b u la t io n s a r e a v a i l a b l e in the W a s h in g to n , D. C . —Md. —V a . , a r e a r e p o r t f o r D e c e m b e r 1959, w h i c h a l s o i n c l u d e s data on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . A d i r e c t o r y in d ic a t in g date of study and the p r i c e of this r e p o r t , a s w e l l a s the r e p o r t s f o r o t h e r m a j o r a r e a s , i s a v a i l a b l e upon r e q u e s t . C u r r e n t r e p o r t s on o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r a c t i c e s in the W a s h in gto n a r e a a r e a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r flu id m i l k (M a y I960), h o t e l s ( M a r c h I960), p o w e r l a u n d r i e s and d r y c l e a n e r s ( A p r i l I960), and ba nk ing (M ay I960). Union s c a l e s , i n d i c a t i v e of p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s , a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r the fo l lo w i n g t r a d e s o r i n d u s t r i e s : B u ild in g c o n s t r u c tion, p r i n ti n g , l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t i n g e m p l o y e e s , and m o t o r t r u c k d r i v e r s and h e l p e r s . ii i 3 5 o B: T h is o ffic e in N e w d ir e c tio n o f D ir e c t o r fo r E s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e of s u r v e y ___________ P e r c e n t s of i n c r e a s e in s t a n d a r d w e e k l y s a l a r i e s and s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s __________________________________________________ 00o The B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s r e g u l a r l y co n d u cts a r e a w i d e w a g e s u r v e y s in a n u m b e r of i m p o r t a n t i n d u s t r i a l c e n t e r s . The s t u d i e s , m a d e f r o m la te f a l l to e a r l y s p r i n g , r e l a t e to o c c u p a ti o n a l e a r n i n g s and r e l a t e d s u p p l e m e n t a r y b enefits. A p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t i s a v a i l a b l e on c o m p l e t i o n of the study in e a c h a r e a , u s u a l l y in the m o n th f o llo w in g the p a y r o l l p e r i o d studied . T h is b u l l e t i n p r o v i d e s a d d itio n a l data not in clu d e d in the e a r l i e r r e p o r t . A consolidated a n a l y t i c a l b u l l e t i n s u m m a r i z i n g the r e s u l t s of a l l of the y e a r * s s u r v e y s is i s s u e d a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n of the fin a l a r e a b u lle ti n f o r the c u r r e n t ro u nd of s u r v e y s . 19 Occupational Wage Survey—Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va Introduction T h is a r e a is one o f s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te r s in w h ich the U. S. D e p a rtm e n t o f L a b o r s B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a tis t ic s has co n d u cted s u r v e y s o f o cc u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e la te d w ag e b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s is . In th is a r e a , data w e r e o b tain ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s of B u r e a u fie ld e c o n o m is ts to r e p r e s e n ta t iv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n ,1 co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s tr y gro u p s e x c lu d e d fr o m th e se stu d ie s a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the c o n s tr u c tio n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s t r ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h a vin g f e w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d a ls o b e c a u s e th e y fu r n is h in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c cu p a tio n s stu d ie d to w a r ra n t in c lu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , s e p a r a te ta b u la tio n s a r e p ro v id e d fo r e a c h o f the b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e co n d u cted on a s a m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain a p p ro p ria te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t, a g r e a t e r p ro p o rtio n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts is stu d ied . In co m b in in g the d a ta , h o w e v e r , a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia te w e ig h t. E s tim a te s b a s e d on the e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu d ied a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , a s r e la tin g to a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u s tr y g ro u p in g and a r e a , e x ce p t fo r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied . O ccu p a tio n s and E a rn in g s T he o ccu p a tio n s s e le c t e d fo r stu d y a r e co m m o n to a v a r ie t y of m a n u fa c tu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . O cc u p a tio n a l c l a s s ific a t io n is b a s e d on a u n ifo rm s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e sig n e d to tak e a cco u n t o f in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u tie s w ith in the s a m e jo b . (See a p p en d ix f o r lis tin g o f th e s e d e s c r ip tio n s . ) E a rn in g s d a ta a r e p r e s e n te d (in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) f o r the fo llo w in g ty p e s o f o c c u p a tio n s: (a) O ffic e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c) m a in t e n an ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t. la t e s h ift s . N o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u ses a r e e x clu d e d a ls o , but c o s t - o f liv in g b o n u ses and in c e n tiv e e a rn in g s a r e in clu d e d . W h ere w e e k ly h o u rs a r e re p o r te d , a s fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w o r k s c h e d u le s (rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf hour) f o r w hich s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r ie s a r e p aid ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s fo r th e se o ccu p a tio n s h a ve b een rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r . A v e r a g e e a r n in g s of m en and w om en a r e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e co m m o n ly e m p lo y ed . D iffe r e n c e s in p a y le v e ls of m en and w om en in th e se o ccu p a tio n s a r e la r g e l y due to (1) d iffe r e n c e s in the d is trib u tio n of the s e x e s am ong in d u s tr ie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts ; (2) d iffe r e n c e s in s p e c if ic d u ties p e r fo rm e d , a lth ou gh the o ccu p a tio n s a r e a p p r o p r ia te ly c la s s if ie d w ith in the s a m e s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n ; and (3) d iffe r e n c e s in len g th of s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w w hen in d iv id u a l s a l a r ie s a r e a d ju ste d on this b a s is . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v ic e o f m en w ould r e s u lt in h ig h e r a v e r a g e p ay w hen both s e x e s a r e e m p lo y e d w ith in the sa m e ra te ra n g e . Job d e s c r ip tio n s u se d in c la s s if y in g e m p lo y e e s in th e se s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o re g e n e r a liz e d than th o se u se d in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts to a llo w fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c if ic d u ties p e r fo rm e d . O ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the sc o p e o f the stu d y and not the n u m b e r a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d iffe r e n c e s in o ccu p a tio n a l s t r u c t u r e am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts , the e s tim a te s of o ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t o btain ed fr o m the s a m p le of e s ta b lis h m e n ts s tu d ied s e r v e o n ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n c e o f the jo b s stu d ied . T h e se d iffe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s t r u c t u r e do not m a t e r ia lly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n in gs data. E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p le m e n ta ry W age P r o v is io n s In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d a ls o (in the B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits a s th e y r e la te to o ffic e and p la n t w o r k e r s . The t e r m ’’o f fic e w o r k e r s , " as u se d O ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s d a ta a r e show n fo r in th is b u lle tin , in clu d e s w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o r y f u ll- t im e w o r k e r s , i. e. , th o se h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n ctio n s, and e x c lu d e s a d m in u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a tio n a l c la s s if ic a t io n . E a rn in g s d a ta e x clu d e is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. ’’P la n t w o r k e r s " in p re m iu m p a y f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and clu d e w o rk in g fo r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in clu d in g le a d m en and tr a in e e s ) e n g ag ed in n o n o ffic e fu n ctio n s. A d m in is t r a t iv e , R a ilr o a d s , f o r m e r ly e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f th e s e s tu d ie s e, x e c u tiv e , and p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n str u c tio n e m p lo y e e s who a r e u t iliz e d a s a s e p a r a te w o rk f o r c e a r e e x clu d ed . w e r e in clu d e d in a ll o f the a r e a s s tu d ied s in c e J u ly 1959, e x c e p t C a f e t e r ia w o r k e r s and ro u te m e n a r e e x clu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s B a ltim o r e , B u ffa lo , C le v e la n d , and S e a ttle . R a ilr o a d s a r e now in t r i e s , but a r e in clu d e d as p lan t w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s . clu d e d in the s c o p e o f a ll l a b o r - m a r k e t w ag e s u r v e y s . 1 2 S h ift d if fe r e n t ia l data (ta b le B - l ) a r e lim ite d to m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s . T h is in fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n te d both in t e r m s of (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f to ta l p la n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b) e ffe c tiv e p r a c t ic e , p r e s e n te d on the b a s is o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d on the s p e c if ie d s h ift at the tim e of the s u r v e y . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts h a vin g v a r ie d d if f e r e n t ia ls , the am ount a p p ly in g to a m a jo r it y w as u s e d o r , if no am ount a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y , the c l a s s ific a t io n " o t h e r 1' w as u se d . In e s ta b lis h m e n ts in w h ich so m e la t e s h ift h o u rs a r e p a id at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d if f e r e n t ia l w as r e c o r d e d o n ly if it a p p lie d to a m a jo r it y of the s h ift h o u r s . M in im u m e n tra n c e r a te s (ta b le B -2 ) r e la t e o n ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n ts v is it e d . T h e y a r e p r e s e n te d on an e s ta b lis h m e n t, r a t h e r than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s a r e tr e a t e d s t a t i s t ic a l l y on the b a s is th at th e s e a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll p la n t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s if a m a jo r i t y of su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify f o r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . S ch ed u le d h o u rs a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t ic a l l y on the b a s is th at th e s e a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll p la n t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y a r e c o v e r e d . 3 B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g, su m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s in th e s e ta b u la tio n s m a y not e q u a l t o ta ls . The f i r s t p a r t o f the p a id h o lid a y s ta b le p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w h o le and h a lf h o lid a y s a c tu a lly p ro v id e d . T he se c o n d p a r t co m b in e s w h o le and h a lf h o lid a y s to sh o w to ta l h o lid a y t im e . T he s u m m a r y o f v a c a tio n p la n s is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , e x clu d in g in fo r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y tim e o ff w ith p a y is g ra n te d at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S e p a r a te e s t im a t e s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in co m p u tin g v a c a tio n p a y m e n ts , su ch a s tim e p a y m e n ts , p e r c e n t o f ann ual e a r n in g s , o r fla t - s u m a m o u n ts. H o w e v e r, in the ta b u la tio n s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p a y m e n ts not on a tim e b a s is w e r e co n v e rte d ; fo r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f ann ual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s id e r e d a s the e q u iv a le n t o f 1 w e e k 's p a y . 2 A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w as c o n s id e r e d a s h a v in g a p o lic y if it m e t e it h e r o f the fo llo w in g co n d itio n s: (1) O p e ra te d la te s h ifts a t the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ift s . S ch ed u le d w e e k ly h o u rs f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s ( f ir s t s e c tio n o f ta b le B -3 ) in s u r v e y s m a d e p r io r to J u ly 1957 w e r e p r e s e n te d in t e r m s o f the p ro p o rtio n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o f fic e s w ith the in d ic a te d w e e k ly h o u rs f o r w om en w o r k e r s . 3 D a ta a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s fo r w h ich at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o rn e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x c e p tin g o n ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n ts s u ch a s w o r k m e n ^ c o m p e n s a tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d r e t ir e m e n t . S u ch p la n s in clu d e th o s e u n d e rw ritte n b y a c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e co m p an y and th o s e p ro v id e d th ro u g h a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t l y b y the e m p lo y e r out of c u r r e n t o p e r a tin g funds o r fr o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . D eath b e n e fits a r e in clu d e d as a fo r m o f lif e in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e is lim it e d to th at ty p e o f in s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t l y to the in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s is d u rin g i lln e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . In fo rm a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r a ll s u ch p la n s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u te s . H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o r k and N ew J e r s e y , w h ich h ave e n a cte d t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u t io n s ,4 p la n s a r e in clu d e d o n ly i f the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n t r ib u te s m o r e than is l e g a l l y r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the re q u ir e m e n ts o f the la w . T a b u la tio n s o f p a id s ic k - l e a v e p la n s a r e lim it e d to f o r m a l p la n s 5 w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r tio n o f the w o r k e r l s p a y d u rin g a b s e n c e fr o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f ill n e s s . S e p a r a te ta b u la tio n s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) .plans w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d , and (2) p la n s p r o v id in g e it h e r p a r t ia l p a y o r a w a itin g p e r io d . In ad d itio n to the p r e s e n ta tio n o f the p r o p o rtio n s of w o r k e r s who a r e p r o v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n d u p lica te d to ta l is show n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e it h e r o r both ty p e s o f b e n e fits . C a ta s tro p h e in s u r a n c e , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to a s e xte n d e d m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in c lu d e s th o s e p la n s w h ich a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s ic k n e s s and in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s beyo n d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e of h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p ro v id in g fo r c o m p le te o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s 1 f e e s . S uch p la n s m a y be u n d e rw ritte n b y c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e co m p a n ie s o r n o n p ro fit o r g a n iz a tio n s o r th e y m a y be s e lf - in s u r e d . T a b u la tio n s o f r e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e lim it e d to th o s e p la n s th at p r o v id e m o n th ly p a y m e n ts f o r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's l if e . 4 5 T he t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R hode Isla n d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r co n tr ib u tio n s . A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s id e r e d a s h a v in g a f o r m a l p la n if it e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s o f s ic k le a v e th a t co u ld be e x p e c te d b y e a c h e m p lo y e e . S u ch a p la n n ee d n ot be w ritte n , but in fo r m a l s i c k - l e a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s is , w e r e e x c lu d e d . 3 Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Washington, D. C .- M d .-V a . A ll divisions Number of establishments Minimum employment in establish ments in scope of study Industry division by m ajor industry division,2 November I960 W orkers in establishments Within scope of study W ithin scope of study 3 Studied Studied Total 4 Office Plant T o ta l4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 705 219 177,700 35, 000 108, 700 118, 940 Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------ ---------- ------------Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 5 ------- ------------------------------------------Wholesale trade ---------------------------------------------------------------Retail trade (except lim ited-price variety stores) ------------------------------------------------ ------- -------Finance, insurance, and real estate ----------------------------Services 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 50 108 597 46 173 23, 700 154, 000 3, 100 31, 900 14, 800 93, 900 16, 060 102, 880 50 50 68 72 26 29 36, 200 10, 500 6, 600 2, 200 23, 400 5, 200 29, 410 6, 060 50 50 50 168 105 184 36 34 48 54, 700 16, 200 36, 400 5, 300 9, 600 8, 200 44, 500 6 2, 500 18, 300 39, 630 8, 760 19 , 020 1 The Washington Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (Washington, D. C. ; Alexandria and Falls Church Cities, and Arlington and Fairfax Counties, Virginia; and Montgomery and Prince Georges Counties, Maryland). The "w orkers within scope of study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (1)planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. 2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the transfer of m ilk pasteurization plants and ready-m ixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities. 3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um -size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. 4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 5 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. 6 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only. 7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit m embership organizations; and engineering and architectural services. Table 2. Percents of increase in standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Washington, D. C . —Md. —Va. , December 1959 to November I960 A ll industries Occupational groups Offi re rlprir^l (women) Industrial nurses (women) Skilled maintenance (men) Unskilled plant (men) _ _ _ .......... . . 4 .2 4 .7 4 .6 4 .2 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups P r e s e n t e d in ta b le 2 a r e p e r c e n t s o f ch a n ge in s a l a r i e s o f w om en o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f s e le c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s . F o r o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , the p e r ce n ts o f ch an ge r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r n o r m a l h o u rs o f w o r k , th at i s , the sta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r i e s a r e p a id . F o r p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , th e y m e a s u r e ch a n g e s in s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w o r k pn w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . T he p e r c e n ta g e s a r e b a s e d on d a ta f o r s e le c t e d k e y o cc u p a tio n s and in clu d e m o s t of the n u m e r ic a lly im p o rta n t jo b s w ith in e a c h g ro u p . T he o f fic e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a se d on w om en in the fo llo w in g 18 jo b s : B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b illin g m a ch in e ); b o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B ; C o m p to m e te r o p e r a t o r s ; c l e r k s , f i l e , c la s s A and B ; c l e r k s , o r d e r ; c l e r k s , p a y r o ll; k e y p u n ch o p e r a t o r s ; o ffic e g i r l s ; s e c r e t a r i e s ; s te n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l; s w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r s ; s w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r r e c e p t io n is t s ; ta b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ; t r a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l; and t y p is t s , c l a s s A and B . T he in d u s t r ia l n u r s e d ata a r e b a s e d on w om en in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s . M en in the fo llo w in g 10 s k ille d m a in te n a n c e jo b s and 3 u n s k ille d jo b s w e r e in clu d e d in the p la n t w o r k e r data: S k ille d — c a r p e n t e r s ; e le c t r ic ia n s ; m a c h in is t s ; m e c h a n ic s ; m e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e ; m illw r ig h ts ; p a in t e r s ; p ip e f it t e r s ; s h e e t - m e ta l w o r k e r s ; and to o l and d ie m a k e r s ; u n s k ille d — ja n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s ; l a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h an d lin g; and w a tch m en . A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r ie s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e co m p u ted fo r e a c h o f the s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s . T he a v e r a g e s a l a r ie s o r h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e then m u ltip lie d b y the a v e r a g e e m p lo y m en t in the jo b d u rin g the m on th s in d ic a te d in the t it le o f ta b le 2. T h e s e w e ig h te d e a r n in g s f o r in d iv id u a l o c c u p a tio n s w e r e then to ta le d to o b ta in an a g g r e g a t e f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p . F in a lly , the r a tio o f th e s e gro u p a g g r e g a t e s f o r th e one y e a r to th e a g g r e g a t e fo r the o th e r y e a r w a s co m p u ted and the d iffe r e n c e b e tw e e n the r e s u lt and is the p e r c e n t o f ch a n ge fr o m the one p e r io d to the o th e r . 100 T he p e r c e n t o f ch an ge m e a s u r e s , p r in c ip a lly , the e ff e c ts o f (1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and w a g e c h a n g e s; (2) m e r it o r o th e r in c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e iv e d b y in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in the s a m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g e s in the la b o r f o r c e s u c h a s la b o r t u r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c tio n s , and ch a n g e s in the p r o p o rtio n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith d iffe r e n t p a y l e v e l s . C h an ge s in the la b o r f o r c e can c a u s e in c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w ith ou t a c tu a l w ag e c h a n g e s. F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e e x p a n sio n m ig h t in c r e a s e the p ro p o rtio n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s in a s p e c if ic o cc u p a tio n and r e s u lt in a d rop in the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a re d u c tio n in the p ro p o rtio n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s w ou ld h a ve the o p p o s ite e ffe c t. T he m o v e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n t out o f an a r e a co u ld c a u s e the a v e r a g e e a r n in g s to d ro p , e v e n though no ch an ge in r a te s o c c u r r e d in o th e r a r e a e s ta b lis h m e n ts . The u se o f constan t em p loym en t w eigh ts e lim in a tes the e ffe cts o f changes in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o rk e r s r e p re s e n te d in ea ch jo b in clu d ed in the data. N or a re the p e r c e n ts o f change in flu en ced by changes in stan dard w ork sch e d u le s o r in p r e m iu m pa y f o r o v e r tim e , s in c e they a re b a se d on pay f o r str a ig h t-tim e h ou rs. In d exes fo r the p e r io d 1953 to I960 f o r w o r k e r s in 20 m a jo r la b o r m a r k e ts w ill a p p e a r in B L S B u ll. 12 6 5 -6 2 , W ages and R e la te d B e n e fit s , 60 L a b o r M a r k e t s , W in ter 19 5 9 -6 0 . Occupational Earnings 5 Table A-l. Office Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Washington, D. C .—M d.—Va. , November I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Avnuan Sex, o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d i v is i o n Number of workers Weekly hours 1 (Standard) * 4 0 . 0 0 * 4 5 . 0 0 * 5 0 . 0 0 * 5 5 . 0 0 *6 0 . 0 0 * 6 5 . 0 0 Weekly and earnings 1 (Standard) u n d e r 7 0. 00 6 5. 00 5 5 . 00 6 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 00 50. 00 $ $ $ 7 0 . 00 7 5 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 $ $ $ 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 f 100.00 $ 1 0 5 .0 0 S $ < $ 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 0 5 ,0 0 110.00 1 1 5 .0 0 and 8 0 . 00 7 5 . 00 8 5 , 00 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 1 2 5 .0 0 over 25 ---------8 17 3 1 6 3 3 9 9 9 _ _ _ 120.00 M en 39. 0 39. 0 8 8 12 12 19 19 " - - B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ______________ _________________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 79 77 C le r k s , a cco u n tin g , c la s s A ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------M a n u f a c t u r in g 195 51 144 30 39. 39. 39. 40. C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s B ------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g _________________________________________ 145 99 39. 5 39. 5 7 8. 00 7 7 . 50 - C le r k s , o r d e r __________________________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g --------------------------------------------------------------W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ________________________________________ 1 27 10F ~ 100 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 9 0 . 50 9 4. 00 9 4 . 00 4 4 4 - O ffic e b o y s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------ ___ F i n a n c e 2 _________________________________________________ S e r v i c e s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 311 ZT5~ 68 110 78 39. 0 39. 0 38. 5 38. 5 4 0 .0 55. 56. 66. 52. 54. 32 27 20 6 36 32 18 10 95 75 8 38 21 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _______________________________________ F i n a n c e 3 _________________________________________________ 1 60 144 26 59 39. 39. 40. 38. 8 5 . 50 8 5 .0 0 1 1 0 2 . 00 7 9. 00 - - - - T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C ________________ ---------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _______________________________________ 71 56 25 8 2 . 50 8 3 . 00 9 6 . 00 _ - _ - - - 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 5 39. 5 39. 5 40. 0 $ 6 6 . 00 6 5 . 50 97. 102. 95. 105. 00 00 50 50 50 50 50 00 50 - 11 11 12 12 1 1 2 14 14 2 2 6 9 2 2 6 9 21 6 15 24 3 21 27 8 19 15 -------13 17 9 24 19 23 rs 32 12 10 3 3 3 1 12 12 12 12 9 9 5 5 5 2 10 10 10 13 10 10 85 80 26 25 25 27 27 9 8 10 7 7 3 1 2 7 6 1 4 2 2 1 - 9 9 9 - 11 11 11 - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 1 11 11 4 13 13 11 23 21 12 19 18 10 26 22 2 11 19 18 6 14 12 4 1 10 6 4 1 19 17 16 _ - _ _ - - _ _ - 4 4 2 - - - - - _ - 1 1 2 2 11 11 9 7 1 1 1 2 2 1 6 -------- 5 6 8 8 8 _ - _ - " 5 1 1 _ - - 14 8 3 _ - " 12 9 5 - - - - _ _ _ 4 _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . . . ~ - - - - - - - - 1 1 3 - 3 4 4 4 - - 7 6 1 - — 2 2 17 4 13 19 6 11 13 ---------r ~ ii 10 23 9 14 5 6 2 1 1 2 2 8 1 1 11 8 2 7 ---------7— ---------5 1 2 - 12 5 8 2 10 10 3 3 3 _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 11 10 10 . _ _ W om en _______________________ 50 40. 5 6 0 . 50 - 12 7 10 6 7 2 2 - B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ) -----------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 15 94 40. 0 40. 0 6 5 . 50 6 4 . 00 _ “ 7 7 13 13 10 10 16 15 19 14 17 14 24 14 9 7 B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A --------------- ---N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e 3 ________________________________________________ 20 2 197 1 59 38. 5 38. 5 38. 0 7 8 . 00 7 7 . 50 7 7 . 00 - - 1 1 23 23 20 53 51 47 35 35 26 11 11 3 40 39 37 6 6 5 14 14 9 1 1 1 1 _ - _ _ _ _ - 10 10 8 2 - - 5 5 4 - - - - - - B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B --------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ 878 866 52 739 38. 38. 42. 38. 5 5 0 5 63. 63. 68. 61. - 42 42 100 100 9 91 181 181 17 147 21 0 210 4 204 2 11 210 2 197 52 47 36 35 13 12 - . - _ - _ - . - - - 7 7 5 8 6 - 18 16 14 - - - - - - _ _ 35 21 7 - - - - - - - 486 459 116 121 86 122 39. 39. 38. 39. 38. 39. 0 0 5 5 0 5 8 2 . 00 8 2 . 00 8 8 . 50 8 1 .0 0 7 6 . 50 7 9 . 50 8 8 4 4 26 26 7 3 16 50 44 2 13 22 7 35 31 7 10 13 63 58 2 17 20 18 63 61 9 15 17 19 128 124 75 24 - 51 50 14 23 _ 22 5 32 30 4 11 4 11 1 1 - C le r k s , a cco u n tin g , c la s s A ------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ___________________________ ___________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------S e r v i c e s --------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- B ille r s , m a c h in e (b il li n g m a c h in e ) See footnotes at end of table, 00 00 00 50 - - _ 1 37 _ - - _ - - 2 2 - - - - 2 6 6 6 6 _ 16 13 _ 5 5 3 _ - _ _1 _ 2 _ 3 4 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ 6 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s t u d ie d o n a n a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . —M d . —V a . , N o v e m b e r I 9 6 0 ) Avebage S e x , o c c u p a t io n , an d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly, hours (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly j 4 0 . 00 and earnings (Standard) u n d e r 4 5 . 00 4 5 . 00 5 0. 00 55. 00 ^>0 . 0 0 $ 6 5 . 00 $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 5 . 00 $ 8 0. 00 § 5 . 00 $ 9 0 . 00 50. 00 5 5. 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 70. 00 7 5 . 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 . 0 0 25 25 20 5 161 18 143 30 36 56 21 1 68 20 148 17 28 49 46 108 25 83 11 18 6 38 55 16 39 15 5 3 12 72 15 57 32 3 5 15 15 5 10 3 7 - 1 20 3 117 15 24 76 2 44 43 40 94 93 78 88 87 74 129 127 114 117 11 0 102 29 29 21 21 21 17 335 22 3 13 136 149 277 9 2 68 30 99 117 118 17 101 12 18 56 70 4 66 1 6 53 19 1 18 - 1 1 1 - _ - _ - 17 5 5 2 2 - " - 21 14 7 7 2 2 2 2 1 $ 9 5 . 00 $ 100.00 $ $ $ $ 1 0 5 . 00 n o . o o n 5 . o o 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 . 00 and 1 0 5 . 00 n o . o o 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 . 00 over W o m e n — C o n tin u e d C le r k s , a cco u n tin g , c la s s B ____________________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _________________________ ____________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 R e t a il t r a d e 4 F in a n e e 3 __ _________ _____ __ __ _____________ __ S e r v ic e s 792 1 10 682 134 1 69 208 147 39. 40. 39. 38. 40. 38. 39. 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 $ 6 7 .0 0 7 3 .0 0 6 6 . 00 7 3 . 00 5 9 . 00 6 3 . 00 7 1 . 50 11 11 11 - 28 28 23 1 4 C le r k s , file , c la s s A N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __ S e r v ic e s __________ 551 538 470 39. 0 39. 0 39. 0 6 6 . 00 6 6 . 00 6 6 . 00 - - - - 39. 39. 39. 38. 38. 40. 54. 56. 53. 58. 54. 53. ______________ __ _________ _________________ _____ _________ C le r k s , file , c la s s R M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________ __________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ __ _____ _____ __ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______________________________________ F i n a n c e 3 ________________ ____________________ ______ S e r v ic e s --------------------------------------------------------------------------C l e r k s , o r d e r __ ____ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _____ _ ____ ______________________ _ _ 1 ,1 1 7 55 1,062 53 282 590 5 0 5 0 5 0 00 50 50 50 50 50 33 33 - 2 59 2 257 7 23 196 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 8 2 1 1 - 3 - 12 - 3 - 3 3 _ _ 12 3 _ _ 3 3 _ _ - - - 9 - - - - - 19 18 18 8 8 6 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 3 1 1 _ _ . _ - " - - - - 2 2 1 _ 3 3 2 _ i _ i i _ _ 108 67 40. 0 40. 0 6 4 . 50 6 2 . 00 1 1 10 10 11 10 28 19 4 " 16 2 C le rk s . p a y ro ll ______ ______________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ______ _ _ __ _________________ R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ____________________________________________ S e r v i c e s _____ _ ______ _________ ______________ __ 2 68 222 56 56 59 39. 39. 39. 40. 39. 5 5 0 5 5 79. 79. 87. 75. 78. 50 50 00 50 50 - - 1 1 1 - 29 28 2 9 9 40 33 9 5 10 36 17 2 3 10 45 35 4 11 13 30 24 4 12 2 15 15 2 2 5 20 20 12 3 4 6 6 5 - " 17 17 3 6 3 7 7 7 - " 15 14 3 4 1 1 " - C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s ____ _____ __ __________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g W h o le s a le t r a d e _______________________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e 4 __ __ ___ _____ ______ _______ __ 2 64 222 87 113 39. 39. 38. 40. 5 0 0 0 72. 72. 70. 72. 00 50 00 00 _ - _ - 56 47 26 20 23 21 11 9 62 46 16 29 44 41 22 17 38 36 9 22 12 8 7 7 7 - _ - _ - _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ - 15 10 2 8 6 5 1 - 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - K eyp u n ch o p e r a to r s __ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _ _____ __________________________ __ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 2 W h o le s a le t r a d e _________ __________________________ R e ta il t r a d e 4 F i n a n c e 3 _________________________________________________ S e r v ic e s ________________________________________________ 501 462 96 66 56 92 1 52 39. 39. 39. 39. 40. 38. 39. 5 5 0 5 0 5 5 70. 70. 80. 72. 67. 72. 63. 50 00 00 50 00 50 00 3 3 3 - - 84 83 14 4 13 15 37 91 87 3 13 11 15 45 75 62 11 16 5 21 9 60 51 7 10 9 13 12 23 21 7 1 5 8 18 18 13 5 - 24 23 23 - 2 1 - 1 1 _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 - 1 - _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - - 43 43 12 8 7 2 14 40 32 6 7 2 17 - 37 37 1 1 35 - " - " - - 39. 5 39. 0 5 4 . 50 5 4 . 50 9 9 1 1 12 11 24 23 13 13 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - " " - " - - " 39. 39. 39. 39. 39. 40. 38. 39. 89. 88. 89. 96. 93. 82. 87. 87. 9 . 9 38 2 36 4 12 19 1 78 5 73 10 5 14 26 18 2 46 11 235 25 11 19 38 1 42 362 18 344 39 32 23 81 1 69 515 63 452 34 40 22 81 275 4 20 40 380 41 36 35 73 195 278 23 255 36 17 17 62 123 223 17 206 35 35 12 36 88 118 11 107 27 10 2 23 45 85 6 79 31 8 3 19 18 O ffic e g ir ls ________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ ____ _______________________ S e c r e ta r ie s M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____ ___ ___ __ __ _________ _____ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________________ P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 _______________________ ____________ W h o le s a le tr a d e ______________________________________ R e t a i l t r a d e 4 ___________________________________________ F in a n c e 3 _________ __ _ ___________________________ S e r v ic e s S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le 60 58 2 ,9 2 7 239 2 ,688 394 2 68 215 550 1,261 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 00 50 00 50 50 50 00 50 - - - - - 9 - - 9 - 9 - 9 384 35 349 51 34 45 69 150 1 1 _ _ - 49 3 46 8 12 1 8 17 1 _ _ " 62 2 60 43 11 3 3 _ 51 3 48 14 13 1 3 17 7 Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Washington, D. C. —Md. —Va. , November I960) Avbbaqe S ex, o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n Number of workers Weekly^ (Standard) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ 4 0 . 00 Weekly earnings1 and (Standard) u n d e r 4 5 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 50. 00 $ 5 5 . 00 *60. 0 0 $6 5 . 00 $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 5 . 00 $ 8 0 . 00 *85. 00 $ 9 0 . 00 5 0 . 00 5 5. 00 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 00 7 0 . 00 75. 00 8 0 . 00 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 00 47 46 6 7 18 15 94 90 2 9 28 48 125 117 12 22 9 72 48 32 5 3 6 16 55 45 11 6 $ 9 5 .0 0 $ $ $ $ $ f o o . 00 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 and 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . oo 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 over W o m e n — C o n tin u e d S t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l _____________________________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------S e r v ic e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 648 604 131 57 72 253 3 9 .5 39. 5 39. 5 4 0 .0 38. 5 39. 0 S w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 ________________________________________________ S e r v ic e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 806 770 102 138 268 226 40. 40. 39. 40. 39. 40. S w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s --------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e ------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------S e r v ic e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 325 77 2 48 28 64 54 84 39. 5 39. 5 39. 5 37. 5 39. 5 4 1 .5 39. 0 69. 68. 70. 80. 72. 64. 70. 51 T a b u l a t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C ________________ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------------------------------- 65 59 T r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l ------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------------------------------------------------F in a n c e 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------S e r v ic e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ _ - _ - 2 2 1 1 19 19 4 - 20 19 5 44 32 32 18 _ - - 30 27 11 6 3 5 26 26 15 1 10 15 15 7 5 1 20 20 17 _ 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - 11 3 8 2 6 15 1 14 8 5 1 1 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 37 1 36 7 9 20 - - - - - 3 23 1 2 _ 2 1 _ _ _ . 7 6 5 5 7 5 13 10 2 2 1 1 - " - - - 38 36 21 14 102 95 13 82 22 22 15 7 19 19 12 7 7 7 2 5 2 2 2 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - " - " - - 84 70 21 35 1 18 1 06 3 57 37 208 195 17 109 54 1 29 1 28 16 45 59 43 38 2 6 22 33 33 2 21 7 15 15 2 6 4 2 2 2 - 9 9 3 5 - 3 3 2 - _ _ - - - - - 423 46 377 40 29 25 180 103 410 21 3 89 30 3 15 72 269 159 18 141 13 5 11 28 84 70 10 60 5 14 6 24 11 31 31 6 5 20 6 6 6 - _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - • - - - - - - - 6 1 . 50 6 1 . 00 8 1 .0 0 5 9 . 50 5 4 . 00 5 9 . 00 5 1 12 1 12 2 80 30 66 66 10 54 2 I ll 111 33 10 68 113 112 7 21 36 45 99 92 4 40 24 17 79 76 4 9 32 20 71 64 10 12 15 22 62 47 27 5 8 5 50 00 00 50 00 50 50 9 9 9 2 2 - 29 8 21 4 3 10 20 3 17 2 6 5 75 17 58 2 20 18 11 73 26 47 6 15 3 22 37 11 26 5 7 14 - 16 6 10 10 38. 5 7 8 . 50 _ _ _ _ 4 9 6 39. 0 3 9 .0 7 1 . 50 7 0 . 50 15 15 10 10 5 5 233 224 84 1 34 39. 39. 38. 39. 0 0 0 5 71. 71. 71. 71. 00 00 00 50 8 8 4 5 5 1 4 30 30 18 11 T y p i s t s , c l a s s A -----------------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------S e rv ice s _________________________________________________ 670 623 52 2 79 230 38. 38. 39. 37. 39. 5 5 0 5 0 73. 73. 78. 73. 72. 00 50 50 50 00 2 2 2 T y p i s t s , c l a s s B -----------------------------------------------------------------------M a n u f a c t u r in g -----------------------------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ----------------------------------------------------------------P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 2 ------------------------------------------------------------W h o le s a le t r a d e -------------------------------------------------------------R e t a i l t r a d e 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------F i n a n c e 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------S e rv ice s _________________________________________________ 1, 6 9 8 124 1, 5 7 4 109 61 126 640 638 39. 39. 39. 39. 40. 40. 38. 40. 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 62. 63. 62. 68. 65. 58. 60. 63. 50 50 00 00 50 50 50 50 T a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , 1 2 3 4 5 c la s s B ________________ - - _ - _ - - - - - 24 22 3 7 12 14 2 12 12 - 62 62 16 30 16 200 3 197 4 21 114 58 323 24 299 9 6 15 1 72 97 - - - Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Excludes limited-price variety stores. Includes 17 workers at $35 to $40. _ 70 70 34 _ 27 24 23 11 1 10 1 0 0 5 0 0 5 84 82 31 29 8 3 10 $ 8 0 .5 0 8 1 .0 0 8 6 . 50 7 2 . 50 6 6 . 00 7 8 . 00 11 11 1 _ - 2 2 _ - 4 4 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 8 Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations (Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Washington, D. C. —Md. —Va. , November I960) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers N U M BER OF W O RK ERS RECE IVIN G STR AIG H T-TIM E W EEKLY E A RN ING S OF $ Weekly hours 1 (Standard) Weekly earnings 1 (Standard) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ S $ 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 $85. 00 90. 00 $9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . oo 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 130. 00 1 3 5 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 145. 00 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 and and under 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 n o . oo 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 135. 00 1 4 0 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 5 0 .0 0 1 5 5 .0 0 over Men 40 . 0 '$ 132 .00 ----------------------------------- 64 Draftsm en, senior ----------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------Public utilities 2 ---------------------------S ervices ------------------------------------------ 325 86 239 33 192 40. 0 40. 0 40. 0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 Draftsm en, junior ----------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------Services ------------------------------------------ 261 75 186 128 40. 40. 40. 40. D raftsm en, leader 111.50 121.00 108.00 124.50 104.00 0 0 0 0 88.00 84.00 89.50 86.00 3 9 .5 90.00 _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 5 _ 2 9 5 18 7 4 4 3 5 3 6 6 14 23 2 21 21 22 16 3 13 13 22 5 17 11 39 6 33 10 23 41 16 25 1 24 32 12 20 20 36 7 29 4 25 15 1 14 4 8 17 6 11 6 5 9 6 3 2 1 20 12 8 6 2 2 - - 6 6 2 - 2 - - " - - - 18 70 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 64 34 6 9 6 18 18 10 7 3 7 2 6 _ _ _ _ - 3 1 14 - - 3 6 14 9 - 23 10 1 1 5 18 9 9 1 18 19 8 11 46 28 18 10 11 33 19 14 14 6 6 6 9 9 4 18 18 2 16 - 1 j W omen N u rses, industrial (registered) ----------- 51 1 3 4 3 3 1 _ 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 T ra n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , a n d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . _ Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Washington, D. C .—M d.—Va. , November I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division Number of workers $ Average $ hourly | Under 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 earnings and $ under 1. 50 1 .7 0 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2. 50 $ , 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 .90 $ 3. 00 $ 3. 10 $ 3. 20 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 " 2.00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 " 2 .4 0 " 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 “ 2 . 80 2. 90 3. 00 “ 3. 10 “ 3. 20 $ 3. 30 and 3. 30 over C arpenters, maintenance _______________________ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------S ervices ------------------------------------------------------ 195 171 81 $ 2 . 61 2 . 59 2 .4 4 - - - 9 9 5 1 1 - 3 3 - 4 3 - 8 7 4 14 14 14 9 9 5 17 14 12 53 52 17 12 12 12 25 17 10 - E le ctricia n s, maintenance -------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----- _ ------------------------------S ervices -------------------------------------------------- _ 118 96 53 2.66 2. 58 2. 45 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 17 17 17 3 3 3 6 5 5 8 7 3 43 41 13 5 4 1 12 7 7 E ngin eers, stationary ---------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 __________________________ F in an ce3 ---------------------------- ----------------------S ervices ------------------------------------------------------ 318 284 37 51 136 2 . 80 2 .7 7 2 .9 7 2. 36 2 . 66 2 2 2 8 8 8 4 4 4 8 - 1 1 1 - 8 - 4 1------ 4 3 1 F irem en , stationary b oiler ------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 -------------------------------------- 92 84 28 1 .8 2 1 .8 0 2. 17 21 421 3 12 12 - 15 15 7 3 8 4 - 1 1 - 5 5 H elpers, tra d es, maintenance -----------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 ------------------------------------- 508 488 443 2 .0 8 2 . 08 2. 13 37 31 10 12 11 5 69 69 67 24 22 21 31 31 26 M achinists, maintenance __________________ ___ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------ 98 62 2. 81 2. 80 _ _ _ - - _ - " - - - - “ M ech anics, automotive (maintenance) _______ Manufacturing _________________________ ______ Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Public u tilities 2 __________________________ 591 124 467 375 2. 52 2 .4 3 2. 54 2. 53 _ - _ - - 6 1 5 5 17 17 17 2 2 " 20 19 1 1 M echanics, maintenance -----------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------- 133 82 51 2. 75 2. 89 2. 53 7 2 5 3 2 1 2 2 P ainters, maintenance --------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------------Financ e 3 ___________________________________ S ervices ------------------------------------------------------ 175 168 52 75 2. 34 2. 33 1 .9 6 2. 23 1 2 3 4 5 - 2 _ - - - 2 2 - _ _ 2 - - 1 1 - - - 1 — - 1 17 16 15 ! 16 — n r~ 16 26 26 15 11 5 6 9 ------ 5— -----?----— 6— 1 5 6 3 10 — n r2 1 8 I ! i— " _ - 3 - - - 31 30 30 8 8 3 24 24 23 - 2 - 2 2 _ _ - - 2 2 2 i_______ Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. Workers were distributed as follows: 8 at $ 0 .8 0 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 6 at $ 1 .2 0 to $ 1 .3 0 ; 7 at $ 1 .4 0 to $ 1 .5 0 . Workers were distributed as follows: 4 at $ 3 .3 0 to $ 3 .4 0 ; 6 at $ 3 .4 0 and over. 3 3 3 11 11 9 2 23 35 ~ 2 3 ----- “ 35 18 23 17 23 — zri 2 3 18 8 7 1 4 _ - 5 3 2 7 6 ' - - 2 - 1 1 “ 2 - 7 7 - 8 - 20 20 12 4 2 22 21 13 5 1 56 48 8 1 35 49 37 _ - 21 14 7 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - “ _ _ . - 3 - 11 j — rri 1 1 3 10 10 10 10 10 8 245 244 243 1 - 1 - - - 6 2 - 6 6 7 6 27 14 4 - 5 3 - - 33 3 30 19 101 41 60 52 47 3 44 36 148 7 141 135 112 38 74 56 26 12 14 4 24 24 1 4 4 - 2 2 - 4 4 - 25 4 21 3 - 8 ------ g 1 25 25 4 21 20 19 19 9 8 1 3 2 1 4 ------- f - \ - 7 4 “ 1 1 17 16 - - 2 _ - - - - - _ - - - - - - “ _ 14 14 19 19 2 - 9 - 3 - 4 4 1 27 27 27 21 21 21 1 1 - _ - 1 18 2 16 18 15 ---- — - 10 5 10 3 - 22 19 ! 4 9 1 1 1 9 ------- g n 3 3 - - 1 3 3 - 3 3 1 12 11 - 3 3 - 5 5 - 10 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is by in d u s t r y d iv is io n , W a sh in g ton , D . C . —M d .—V a. , N o v e m b e r I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d iv is io n of workers hourly 2 U n der earnings $ 0. 80 $ $ 0. 80 0. 90 and u n d er .9 0 1. 00 E le v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (m e n ) ________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g __ __ _____ ___________ F in a n c e 3 S e r v i c e s __ ___ ___ __ __ __ _ __ _ 237 237 81 151 $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 07 07 15 03 37 37 5 4 32 18 18 18 - E l e v a t o r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (w o m e n ) _____ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g __ _ ________ __ R e t a il t r a d e 5 __ _________________ _ __ __ S e r v i c e s ____ __ __ ______________________ 212 212 86 76 1. 1. 1. 1. 16 16 09 18 18 18 - - - G u a rd s ____ ______ _____ „ __ __ __ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 S e rv ice s . . _ ...... . . 4 39 431 121 27 5 1. 1. 2. 1. 74 73 14 58 _ - " 1 .4 0 1. 53 1. 38 1. 86 1. 63 1. 29 1. 12 1. 37 63 63 8 63 - 19 19 19 - J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s (m e n ) _______ M a n u fa ctu r in g _____ _____ __ ____ _ _ N on m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 __________ __ __ ___ W h o le s a le tra d e __________________________ R e t a il t r a d e 5 __ __ __ _____ __ _ __ _ F in a n c e 3 --------------------- ------------------------- S e r v i c e s ______________________ ________ __ 2 ,0 4 3 253 1 ,7 9 0 260 73 600 361 496 J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s (w o m e n ) _____________________ __ ______________ N on m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 __________________________ R e t a il tr a d e 5 F in a n c e 3 ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ____ ____ S e r v i c e s _______________________ ___________ 711 682 116 154 227 179 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 19 19 53 07 12 16 - L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ___________________ M a n u fa ctu r in g ____________ ___ __ __ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 ______ ____________ __ _ W h o le s a le t r a d e __________________________ R e t a il t r a d e 5 __ _________________ _ _____ 2 ,0 0 3 4 06 1 ,5 9 7 838 297 421 1. 1. 1. 2. 1. 1. 89 83 90 10 78 59 O rd er fille r s _____ M a n u fa ctu r in g _ _ N on m a n u fa c tu rin g W h o le s a le tr a d e R e t a il t r a d e 5 ___ _____ __ ___________ _____ __ __ ________ _ __ ____________ __ ___ __ ___ _______ — __ __________ _______________ 1 ,0 0 8 53 955 407 4 45 1. 2. 1. 1. 2. 89 01 88 63 06 P a c k e r s , sh ip p in g __ ______________ ______ ___ N on m a n u fa c tu rin g _________________ ________ W h o le s a le tr a d e _____ — -----__ — 154 117 63 1. 62 1. 60 1. 58 R e c e iv in g c l e r k s ________ __ _______ __________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _ __ _____________________ W h o le s a le tra d e ___ __ __ ____ ____ __ R e t a il tr a d e 5 _ _____________ __________ 260 239 54 138 95 66 S h ip p in g c l e r k s ________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____ ____________ ___ ___________________ S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le, _ _ $ 1. 00 $ 1. 10 - $ 1. 20 - $ 1. 30 " $ 1 .4 0 - $ 1. 50 1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 $ 1. 70 - S 1. 80 - $ 1. 90 - $ 2. 00 " $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20 - $ 2. 30 - $ 2 .4 0 - $ 2. 50 " $ 2. 60 - $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 and 1. 70 1. 80 1..90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2 .7 0 2. 80 over 1 1 l - - - - 1 1 1 4 4 - - 3 3 - _ - 80 80 2 77 44 44 44 - 9 9 8 ~ 2 2 2 - 2 2 2 - 1 1 - - 41 41 39 " 1 1 1 50 50 50 " 98 98 27 67 21 21 9 2 4 4 2 6 6 4 1 1 - 6 6 - - - 1 1 1 - - - - - - " - - - - _ - - 25 24 24 3 3 2 28 28 4 21 21 19 34 34 32 45 45 19 23 22 22 4 18 49 49 6 43 16 16 6 10 66 66 56 10 29 29 29 7 7 7 2 2 1 3 3 1 7 - - 52 52 52 44 44 19 25 - 198 198 123 39 36 367 2 365 4 116 82 163 273 30 243 17 106 89 31 193 25 168 8 12 64 40 44 202 75 127 17 2 31 7 70 143 15 128 58 4 23 11 32 142 58 84 16 3 7 3 55 129 27 102 17 7 59 1 18 31 3 28 5 3 1 19 64 9 55 24 3 2 26 51 2 49 41 6 1 80 80 68 10 1 1 7 1 6 6 - 33 2 31 5 26 - 4 4 - - - - 13 13 13 - 3 3 3 - 1 - - - - - 70 47 18 9 - 276 49 227 212 15 - 31 20 11 11 - 378 2 376 320 52 4 - - 13 13 1 12 24 24 21 3 - _ - _ - _ - - - - _ _ _ - - - " - " _ - _ - _ - 4 4 1 4 ! 1 .8 9 1. 90 2. 10 1. 76 _ - _ - _ - 2. 04 1. 97 _ _ _ - 1 .6 0 $ 126 341 120 [ - 3 3 5 3 ; 67 i 57 4 2 ! 155 8 121 50 39 5 4 11 15 26 26 3 3 12 8 6 98 94 — 2 82 1 4 4 7 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 6 5 5 - - ! 117 | : I - - - - " _ - _ - _ - - - - " - - _ - _ - _ - _ - - 12 12 12 - - - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - 18 18 7 18 - - - - - - - - - - 114 6 108 12 96 6 6 - 3 3 - 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 80 80 7 4 65 73 73 28 16 27 99 18 81 14 30 37 83 27 56 8 48 83 13 70 14 56 107 34 73 24 46 161 66 95 6 50 37 138 29 109 94 6 5 142 16 126 99 26 - no 45 65 28 32 " - " - 27 27 24 3 44 44 40 4 63 63 j 28 35 82 59 59 30 23 55 6 49 34 3 95 95 24 66 22 3 19 9 5 15 15 5 3 122 28 94 83 4 41 16 25 8 34 34 8 3 30 30 28 1 52 52 6 35 208 208 3 205 9 9 - _ 82 56 26 50 50 29 21 - “ " 6 5 4 17 16 4 12 9 - 11 11 4 16 14 14 32 23 16 18 8 8 6 6 4 14 3 2 8 8 - 4 4 - 3 3 - 2 2 2 _ - 1 1 1 _ - _ - - " _ - 9 i 9 9 9 9 9 14 14 12 10 10 10 14 12 4 7 17 14 4 9 18 16 4 2 28 25 12 10 19 16 2 12 14 13 6 4 25 25 1 20 16 12 4 5 2 - 26 26 4 22 10 9 - 9 9 1 6 8 8 1 4 4 4 - 8 8 98 “ 9 9 _ _ _ _ 1 1 4 10 9 14 13 8 5 4 4 14 5 4 4 5 5 1 3 6 6 6 5 2 3 I 1 ! 1 - _ - 11 Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations-Continued (A verage straigh t-tim e hourly earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Washington, D. C .—M d .—Va. , N ovem ber I960) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n 1 and in d u s t r y d iv is io n Number of workers Shipping and r e c e iv in g c l e r k s --------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _______ __________________ 70 60 T r u c k d r iv e r s 10 --------------------------- ----------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g -----------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ----------------------------------------P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 --------------------------------------W h o le s a le tr a d e __________________________ R e ta il t r a d e 5 _____________________________ S e r v i c e s ___________________________________ 2 , 909 822 2, 087 586 650 663 169 T r u c k d r iv e r s , lig h t (u n d er l l / z ton s) ------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ W h o le s a le tra d e - -------------------------------S e r v i c e s ________________________________ T r u c k d r iv e r s , m e d iu m ( l V 2 to and in clu d in g 4 ton s) ----------------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 ______________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e ----------------------------------R e t a il t r a d e 5 --------------------------------------S e r v i c e s _______________________________ T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s, t r a il e r ty pe) _________________________________ M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e ----------------------------------R e t a il tr a d e 5 --------------------------------------- Average $ $ hourly 2 U n der 0. 80 0.90 earnings and $ 0. 80 u n d er 1 .0 0 . .9 0 $ 2 . 28 2. 31 $ 1.00 $ 1. 10 $ 1. 20 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1. 90 $ 2.00 $ 2. 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2. 50 $ 2. 60 $ 2. 70 $ 2. 80 and 1.10 1. 20 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1. 90 2. 00 2.10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 over " 2 2 6 3 2 2 12 12 1 - 7 7 - 3 2 - " 27 27 1 - 2 2 3 - - 3 3 171 28 143 38 40 60 2 71 19 52 _ 40 11 1 128 19 109 75 8 22 4 259 18 241 210 24 5 2 806 503 303 210 40 53 - 258 6 252 2 _ 247 3 55 _ 55 _ 34 21 - 132 _ 132 _ 108 24 - 3 3 _ _ _ _ 16 15 1 1 9 1 8 4 4 11 11 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 4 4 _ _ 39 15 24 2 4 18 - 58 10 48 4 36 8 3 3 _ _ _ 26 _ 26 _ 26 _ _ _ I _ I _ | _ _ _ - " " - - ' 14 22 11 32 01 19 51 - - - - - - - - 13 13 12 1 - no 3 107 16 18 73 47 3 44 32 4 8 62 3 59 10 42 7 - 111 3 108 55 33 19 153 25 128 5 42 46 35 233 117 116 21 36 37 7 162 32 130 58 61 11 135 40 95 15 63 13 4 360 50 310 173 79 1 .6 5 1 .8 3 1 .6 2 1 .6 2 1 .6 1 - - - - - - - - 4 4 4 - 36 36 8 10 27 3 24 16 8 29 29 28 " 62 62 41 17 72 9 63 22 27 52 22 30 14 4 13 13 10 3 10 10 8 2 618 91 527 246 141 66 68 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. - | - - - 60 60 - 3 3 3 6 6 6 - - - - - 9 9 6 3 - 19 7 12 4 7 1 39 20 19 _ 16 - 54 17 37 26 | 5 [ 6 23 1 64 ------- 3 ~ 5 1 18 i 61 15 33 22 1 2 2 , 1 - 16 16 16 17 17 17 29 29 2 6 45 45 10 35 1 17 3 14 10 3 3 - 16 9 7 5 12 12 - 19 7 12 - 16 16 3 3 13 7 3 11 10 9 10 10 7 - 15 15 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 1. 09 03 10 31 19 95 32 - T r u c k d r iv e r s , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 to n s , o t h e r than t r a il e r ty pe) ----------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s 6 --------------------------------- 588 492 96 52 T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift ) ------------------------------M a n u fa ctu rin g ------------------------------------------------ 88 54 W a tch m en -------------------------------------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ---------- ----- -----------------R e ta il tr a d e 5 _____________________________ 178 157 56 2. 41 2. 41 2 .4 2 2. 51 2. 41 - - - - 1 - ! j ! , 31 37 04 15 " | ~ 1 1 .9 0 r; 6 6 _ _ _ ! 1.35 1.34 1. 26 - 1 " - - - ! 1 1 1 1 V. 1 - ! I ' I , - 17 15 15 | ! ; 16 14 4 3 3 i _ 1 - 1 _ ■ - i D ata lim it e d to m e n w o r k e r s e x c e p t w h e r e o t h e r w is e in d ic a t e d . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 0. 50 to $ 0. 60. E x c lu d e s li m i t e d - p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o t h e r p u b lic u t il it i e s . A ll w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10. W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo llo w s : 36 at $ 0. 60 to $ 0 . 7 0 ; 27 at $ 0. 7 0 to $ 0 . 8 0 . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 4 at $ 3 to $ 3. 10; 4 at $ 3. 50 to $ 3. 60. In clu d es a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and ty p e o f t r u c k o p e r a t e d . 1 j j i 2. 2. 2. 2. i I - 1 1 2 3 4 5 8 7 8 9 10 60 ! 703 74 629 182 415 ! | j ! ! 6 6 39 38 2 - j 58 51 1 19 6 14 1 l j , _ I ! - 2 2 2 7 | 3 ! 4 5 r 19 19 18 1 1 " - - - - I 1 120 63 57 4 45 250 250 247 29 29 8 21 126 126 102 24 ! 1 ; ' 6 6 _ 4 4 4 25 11 14 14 - 3 3 - 460 430 30 30 5 3 2 2 - - 3 3 - - - 2 ’ 3 1 !------ 2 3 3 9 1 17 " 3 1 _ _ _ - - 2 2 1 1 _ - _ - _ - _ - 30 25 5 5 j 40 40 40 211 7 204 192 10 2 | - 1 1 - , i 3 3 - - ' i 1 ________ 12 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary W age Provisions Table B-1. Shift Differentials (Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plant w o r k e r s b y type and am ount o f d iffe r e n tia l, W ashington, D . C . —M d .—V a . , N o v e m b e r I960) P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g plant w o r k e r s — In e s ta b lis h m e n ts having fo r m a l p r o v is io n s 1 f o r — Shift d iffe r e n tia l T o ta l ------- ----- — — ----------- — --------- W ith shift pay d iffe r e n tia l U n ifo rm ce n ts (p e r hour) 5 c e n ts and u n d e r ---------------------------------7 ce n ts _ _ 10 ce n ts __ — __ — __ ----- — 12 c e n ts _ --------- -------- _ 131/3 c e n ts ----- ------------- _ 141/3 c e n ts ________________ _____ 15 ce n ts _________________________________ 16 c e n t s _______ ___ 171/ 2 ce n ts __ ----------- — - — 20 ce n ts _________________________________ 24 ce n ts --------_ — _ 26V 4 c e n t s _ — ----------- ----------------------282/ 3 ce n ts ------------------ -------------- ------30 ce n ts and o v e r ----— __ U n ifo r m p e r c e n ta g e __ __ _____ 5 p e r c e n t _ ----------- -------------- ----------- __ — -----------10 p e r c e n t 1 21/2 p e r c e n t ----------------------- — __ — 1 5 p e r c e n t ----- ----- -------_ ------F u ll d a y 's pay f o r r e d u c e d h o u rs plus ce n ts d iffe r e n t ia l ----- — — O ther fo r m a l p a y d iffe r e n tia l No sh ift pay d iffe r e n t ia l 3 ------- ------------------------------------- A c tu a lly w ork in g on— S e co n d shift w o rk T h ird o r o th er sh ift w o rk S econ d sh ift 8 3 .7 7 3 .4 14. 1 6. 1 75. 5 68. 2 13. 0 6. 0 5 1 .3 44. 0 8. 3 3. 3 4 .9 1 .3 - - 2. 0 .5 ( 2) 2. 2 1. 1 .4 2. 1 - 9 .6 2. 8 3 .6 1 .9 6 .4 8. 3 5 .0 8 .9 1.6 4 .8 - 4. 0 - 1.6 - - 8. 6 8. 6 1. 2. 0 6. 6 2. 0 - - .4 - .6 1. 0 5 .9 6 .4 8 .3 5. 3 3. 2 T h ird o r oth er shift . . - 1 1 .4 - .9 .4 .9 ( 2) - 2 . 2 .4 .8 . 2 - 2. 1 - - 4. 5 “ 2. 3 2 .3 . 1 13. 3 1 3 .3 3. 3 2. 5 8. 2 5. 2 1. 1 . 1 1 In clu d es e s ta b lis h m e n ts c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts , and e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te sh ifts e v e n though th e y w e r e not c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts . 2 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . 3 P r im a r ily c e n t s -p e r - h o u r d iffe r e n t ia ls , v a r y in g b y o c c u p a tio n . 13 Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers (D is trib u tio n o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts studied in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by m in im u m e n tra n ce sa la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s o f in e x p e r ie n c e d w om en o f fi c e w o r k e r s , W ashington, D . C. —M d. —V a . , N o v e m b e r I960) In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts M in im u m w e e k ly s a l a r y 1 A ll in d u s tr ie s and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and under un d er u nd er under under u nd er u nd er under under u nd er u nd er u nd er under un d er u nd er $ 42. $ 45. $ 47. $ 50. $ 52. $ 55. 50 00 50 00 50 00 $ 5 7 .5 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 2 .5 0 $ 6 5 .0 0 $ 6 7 . 50 $ 7 0 .0 0 $ 7 2 .5 0 $ 7 5 . 00 $ 7 7 . 50 40 A ll s ch e d u le s 37V 2 A ll sch e d u le s 40 N onm an u factu rin g B a sed on standard w eek ly h ou rs 3 o f— 40 A ll s ch e d u le s 37 l / a 40 2 19 46 XXX 173 XXX XXX 2 19 46 XXX 173 XXX XXX --------------------- 83 13 10 70 10 48 90 16 13 74 11 48 ------------------------------------------------ 6 1 8 1 1 1 - - - - - 15 5 12 6 3 7 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 10 3 9 5 3 3 3 1 7 2 2 2 1 5 2 2 2 - - 6 2 12 4 16 7 9 7 4 3 1 - 7 2 12 5 23 9 11 9 4 3 1 2 1 3 3 1 5 1 - 5 1 8 4 2 8 3 9 4 5 6 2 2 ---------------------------------------------------------- E sta b lish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im u m $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 2 . 50 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 4 7 . 50 $ 5 0 . 00 $ 5 2 . 50 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 5 7 .5 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 2 . 50 $ 6 5 . 00 $ 6 7 .5 0 $ 7 0 . 00 $ 7 2 .5 0 $ 7 5 . 00 M anufacturin g A ll in d u s tr ie s B a sed on stan dard w e e k ly h o u rs 3 o f— A ll s ch e d u le s E sta b lish m en ts stu died O ther in e x p e r ie n c e d c le r i c a l w o r k e r s 2 N on m anufacturing M anufacturin g ___________________________________ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ — -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 3 3 1 3 2 19 6 15 8 4 7 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 3 2 1 - - 2 - 2 - ------------------ 43 13 XXX 30 XXX XXX 47 16 XXX 31 XXX XXX E sta b lish m en ts w h ich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in this c a te g o r y -------------------------------------------------------------------- 93 20 XXX 73 XXX XXX 82 14 XXX 68 XXX XXX E sta b lish m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m in im u m 1 1 2 2 1 3 - 1 2 - 1 2 - 1 1 2 L ow est s a la r y rate fo r m a lly e s ta b lis h e d f o r h irin g in e x p e r ie n c e d w o r k e r s fo r typing o r o th er c le r i c a l jo b s . R ates a p p lic a b le to m e s s e n g e r s , o f fic e g ir ls , o r s im ila r s u b c le r ic a l jo b s a re not c o n s id e r e d . H ours r e fle c t the w o rk w e e k f o r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r ie s . D ata a r e p r e s e n te d f o r a ll w o rk w eek s co m b in e d , and f o r the m o s t co m m o n w o rk w eek s r e p o rte d , 14 Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours ( P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y sch ed u led w e e k ly h ou rs o f f ir s t - s h if t w o r k e r s , W ashington, D. C. —M d. —Va, , N o v e m b e r I960) O F F IC E W O R K E R S PLAN T WORKERS W eek ly h o u rs A ll w o r k e r s _____________ _____ ______ _ _ 35 h ou rs O ver 35 and un d er 3 7 l / z h o u rs _____ ___ h ou rs ------ --------__ ------— _ 38 h ou rs ------ ----------------- --------- _ — 383/4 h ou rs ------- --------------------------_ _ O ver 383/4 and under 40 h o u rs ----__ __ ------------------------- __ 40 h ou rs O ver 40 and u n d er 44 h o u rs __ --------- ----44 h ou rs _ __ ------- ------O ver 44 and u nd er 48 h o u rs ________________ 48 h ou rs __ ------------- -------------------------- _ O ver 48 h ou rs _____________ ________ _____ 37V 2 All industries Manufacturing Public utilities 1 Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 6 1 1 20 2 2 29 14 1 54 - 2 17 1 8 ( 5) 64 1 1 ( S) ( 5) - 74 1 2 - Retail trad e2 F inance3 Services 100 100 100 2 3 9 - 1 5 - 14 5 27 2 18 - - - 81 86 5 3 4 1 - -------------i— 1 T r a n sp o rta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 2 E x clu d e s l im i t e d -p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . 3 F in a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . 4 In clu des data f o r r e a l esta te in a dd ition to th o se in d u s try d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . s L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. 34 1 - 7 ( 5) 6 1 85 1 M anufacturing Public utilities1 Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 3 1 4 73 1 19 - 1 - 2 3 _ _ _ 63 A11 industries 6 2 8 2 ** - 19 - 56 1 2 2 - 97 1 2 88 3 Retail trad e2 5 2 8 3 - 3 17 3 Services 100 ( 5_) _ _ 81 1 11 _ 2 4 15 Table B-4. Paid Holidays (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by n u m b er o f pa id h olid a y s p r o v id e d an n u ally. W ash in gton . D . C. —M d. —Y a . , N o v e m b e r I960) OFFICE WORKERS Item A ll w o r k e r s _ __ __ __ __ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g paid h olid a y s _ _ __ _ — W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no paid h o lid a y s ____ _______________ PLANT WORKERS All industries Manufacturing Public , utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade2 Finance3 Services All 4 industries Manufacturing Public j utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade2 Services 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 97 100 100 100 99 99 97 95 99 100 97 98 1 3 ~ - 1 “ 3 2 _ - _ 1 2 7 8 9 26 ( 5) 43 1 ( 5) - _ 4 11 6 17 17 3 35 3 2 3 - _ 3 3 36 56 - _ 6 18 1 6 17 42 4 5 - _ 9 1 2 3 2 22 8 19 31 - 3 2 23 33 22 6 8 1 ( 5) 1 ( 5) ' ' " 1 ( 5) 3 5 _ 6 ( 5) _ 3 2 23 ( 5) 14 10 23 12 4 7 2 ( 5) 5 ( 5) 1 1 6 ( 5) 18 4 2 24 1 33 1 ( 5) 1 ( 5) _ 2 1 2 13 ( 5) 12 25 36 1 2 - ‘ " 2 2 2 14 26 48 58 72 72 95 97 99 99 99 99 (? ) ? N um ber o f d a y s 2 h a lf h olid a y s ___ __ _______ _____ ______ 1 h o lid a y _ ______ __ __ -----2 h olid a y s plus 6 h a lf days __ __ _ _ __ 3 h o lid a y s __ _ __ __ __ _____ __ _ ______ 4 h o lid a y s ___ __ __ __ __ __ ______ 5 h o lid a y s _____________________________________ 5 h o lid a y s plus 1 o r 2 h a lf days ____________ 6 h o lid a y s _____________________________________ 6 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _________ __ _ 6 h o lid a y s plus 2 o r 3 h a lf days ------------------7 h o lid a y s ____ _____ __ ____ ___ _____ 7 h o lid a y s plus 1 o r 2 h a lf days __ _ __ __ 8 h o lid a y s ___________________ __ — __ 8 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day _________________ _ 8 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf days „ ___ _ __ __ 9 h o lid a y s _ __ _ 9 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day ____ __ __ ___ _ _ ______ ___ _ _____ ___ 10 h o lid a y s __ 10 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf days ------- -----11 h olid a y s __ __ ___ __ __ _______ __ ----- (?) ( 5) 1 1 14 2 2 21 4 37 7 2 5 ( 5) 1 1 2 - _ 1 38 ( 5) 59 2 - ' " _ _ _ ( 5) 3 1 36 5 37 17 - 5 5 44 15 2 10 2 4 6 T o ta l h o l i d a y t im e 6 i, 10 o r m o r e days ____ __________ __ ______ 9V2 o r m o r e days — ------- --------- ----9 o r m o r e days ________________________________ 8V2 o r m o r e days ____________________________ 8 o r m o r e days ____ __ __ _________ _ __ 7 l/z o r m o r e days __ __ _ __ — -------------7 o r m o r e days __ _ ------------------— _ 6 l/z o r m o r e days __ _____ ________ 6 o r m o r e days _____ ___ ______ _ _____ 5 V2 o r m o r e days ____________________________ 5 o r m o r e days _ --- ------------- __ _ ------4 o r m o r e days __ ___ __ __________ ___ __ 3 o r m o r e days __ ------------------- _ ----1 o r m o r e days __ __ ________ __________ 2 4 4 10 18 56 59 81 83 97 98 99 99 99 99 ( 5) 2 45 45 80 88 96 96 97 97 97 97 2 2 61 61 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 _ 3 3 5 7 43 45 79 85 96 96 100 100 100 100 _ - 17 17 54 59 95 95 97 100 100 100 6 11 12 24 39 88 88 92 93 99 99 99 99 99 99 n 1 1 35 36 61 65 83 83 90 91 92 97 _ 2 3 39 39 77 77 91 91 93 95 95 95 _ - 56 56 92 92 96 96 96 96 96 99 _ 5 9 51 51 75 76 94 94 100 100 100 100 _ - 31 31 50 58 80 80 84 86 88 97 (?) *) ( 5) 1 2 10 15 38 38 71 71 93 -93 93 98 1 T r a n s p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s . 2 E x clu d e s lim i t e d -p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . 3 F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . 4 In clu des data f o r r e a l e sta te in ad d ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . All. com b in a tio n s o f fu ll and h a lf days that add to the sa m e am ount a r e co m b in e d ; fo r e x a m p le , the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g a total o f 7 days in clu d es th ose w ith 7 fu ll days and no h a lf d a y s , 6 fu ll days and 2 h a lf d a y s , 5 fu ll days and 4 h a lf d a y s , and so on. P r o p o r t io n s w e r e then cu m u lated . 16 Table B-5. Paid Vacations (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s by v a c a tio n pay p r o v is io n s , W ashington, D . C. —M d. —V a . , N o v e m b e r I960) OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y A ll w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------------------- All industries Manufacturing Public , utilities Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - PLANT WORKERS Finance 3 Services AU industries 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - Retail trade 2 Public , utilities Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 5 99 99 ( 6) ( 6) 597 92 3 2 100 100 - 100 99 1 - 100 100 - 100 100 _ 1 3 - - - - 3 54 19 2 8 29 5 ( 6) 10 31 16 - 49 1 - 16 26 6 - 3 20 4 - 25 24 4 3 _ 21 70 9 - ( 6) 52 3 41 1 1 1 36 1 54 4 - 43 1 56 - _ 53 _ 44 3 - 57 5 34 4 _ 3 77 9 11 - ( 6) 26 ( 6) 66 2 4 ( 6) 1 17 1 72 5 _ _ 26 1 73 _ _ 28 69 3 _ ( 6) - - 14 ( 6) 74 2 9 ( 6) 10 1 61 5 19 ( 6) 23 4 1 82 - 16 78 3 4 - 13 - 27 _ 62 8 4 - 5 ( 6) 77 2 15 87 13 - 5 83 3 10 - 2 85 13 - 19 3 64 7 5 1 Manufacturing 5 Retail trade 2 Services M eth od o f p aym on t W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g paid v a c a tio n s ________________________________ L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent ----------------------------P e r c e n ta g e paym ent -----------------------------------F la t -s u m paym ent --------------------------------------O ther -------------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no p aid v a ca tion s _____________________________ - - A m ount o f v a c a t io n p a y 7 A fte r 6 m onths o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------------------O ver 1 and u nd er 2 w ee k s ____________________ 2 w eek s _________________________________________ 2 48 10 4 3 61 5 3 1 65 - 4 49 5 - 3 28 6 - 2 37 12 12 _ 26 72 2 - _ 36 58 2 4 5 95 ( 6) - 8 83 - _ 13 85 2 - - - - _ A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s ------------------------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ------------------------------3 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------- _ _ _ 19 ( 6) 77 3 1 16 _ 80 4 - 22 ( 6) 77 1 - _ 3 4 86 3 4 ( 6) _ 7 88 4 _ 1 _ ( 6) 20 79 1 2 ( 6) 86 3 8 ( 6) 3 63 4 28 1 ( 6) _ _ - - 51 3 44 2 1 94 5 1 _ _ _ _ 62 4 33 2 - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U nder 1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------------------O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s ------------------------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s ------------------------------3 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------4 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------- - 9 - . 100 ( 6) - - - _ 30 - 60 10 - _ 29 _ 64 5 1 - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------------------O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ------------------------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------O ver 2 and und er 3 w e e k s ------------------------------3 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------4 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------- _ - 99 1 - _ 6 87 2 5 - 4 2 86 9 - - 2 69 11 18 - 1 89 2 8 - ( 6) 88 12 - 85 4 11 - ( 6) 64 8 14 15 ' ' - 100 ( 6) - - 77 - - A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek -----------------------------------------------------------------O ver 1 and under 2 w ee k s ------------------------------2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------O v er 2 and under 3 w e e k s ------------------------------3 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------O v er 3 and un d er 4 w ee k s ------------------------------4 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------- See foo tn o te s at end o f table, 79 3 13 4 ( 6) (*) ( 6) - 53 4 37 2 ( 6) 17 Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in a ll in d u s tr ie s and in in d u stry d iv is io n s b y v a c a tio n pay p r o v is io n s , W ashington, D. C . —M d .—Va. , N o v e m b e r I960) OFFICE WORKERS V a ca tio n p o lic y All industries PLANT WORKERS Manufacturing Public utilities1 Wholesale trade Retail trade 2 Finance 3 _ 21 76 2 1 _ 59 7 33 1 - 1 47 2 49 - ( 6) 21 3 75 - _ 24 5 71 - _ 18 51 2 29 _ 1 95 1 3 1 19 79 - ( 6) _ 17 45 2 37 _ 17 35 2 47 Services AU 4. industries Manufacturing Public utilities1 Wholesale trade Retail trade 2 Services 2 27 3 68 - 19 3 53 4 16 5 A m ou n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 7 — -C o n tin u e d A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _____ ____ _ _ _______ __ --------O ver 1 and u nd er 2 w eek s _ __ --------------2 w eek s _____ _ _ __ ------------- __ — O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s -----------------------------3 w eek s _____ ____ __ ----------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s ___________________ 4 w eeks -------------------------------------------------------------- ( 6) 32 4 58 ( 6) 5 4 ( 6) 41 2 50 ( 6) 1 _ 22 72 3 ( 6) _ 63 2 34 - 5 51 3 42 - - ( 6) 28 2 48 22 - - ( 6) 16 ( 6) 42 6 35 4 ( 6) 23 1 60 1 10 _ 17 58 3 19 _ 4 82 13 5 24 71 - - 17 74 8 _ 10 ( 6) 81 7 2 2 27 64 7 19 3 36 4 28 1 8 _ 1 94 1 3 1 19 61 ( 6) 15 52 10 ( 6) 72 - - 19 33 18 4 ( 6) 19 1 52 1 22 _ 12 55 3 26 _ 4 81 15 5 24 56 16 2 19 - ( 6) 16 ( 6) 42 6 35 19 3 36 4 28 1 8 _ 1 68 1 30 1 19 49 30 ( 6) 15 35 49 10 ( 6) 59 31 ( 6) 15 ( 6) 42 4 ( 6) 19 1 45 1 29 12 54 3 28 - 5 24 36 35 - A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s ___ ------------- ------2 w eeks ________ ____________ ______ _____ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ------------- ------------3 w eeks ------------------ _ — -------------O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks -------------------------4 w eeks __ ------------ ------- ------ --------------------- ( 6) 12 ( 6) 71 3 13 A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek _ __________ __________ ____ ______ -------------- _ O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s _ — 2 w eek s _ __ ____________ _____ __ ---------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s -------------------3 w eeks ____________ __________ _____________ O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s _ __ __ _ — 4 w eeks _ -------------------- _ — ------------- ( 6) 12 ( 6) 63 2 23 - 47 32 A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek --------------------------------- ------------------- _ O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s ------------------- ------2 w eeks _______ ___________ ______ _ O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s __ __ ------ __ 3 w eeks _______ _______ _______________ ______ O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks __________ ___ 4 w eeks __ — ----------- ----------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 s e r v ic e ( 6) 12 ( 6) 50 2 36 6 37 T ra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th er p u b lic u tilit ie s . E x clu d es lim i t e d -p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . F in a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . Inclu des data fo r r e a l estate in add ition to th o se in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . Inclu des p r o p o r tio n s o f w o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w h ich did not p r o v id e paid v a ca tio n s until a fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e . L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e re a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r il y r e fle c t the in divid u al p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s s io n s . in clu d e chan ges in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g betw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . F o r ex a m p le, 4 60 36 19 3 36 44 28 1 9 36 4 the ch an ges in p r o p o r tio n s in d ica te d at 10 y e a r s ' N OTE: In the tabulations o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v ic e , paym ents o th e r than "le n g th o f t im e " such as p e r c e n ta g e o f annual ea rn in gs o r fla t -s u m pa ym en ts, an equivalent tim e b a s is ; fo r e x a m p le , a paym ent o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in gs w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. 2 19 - w e re c o n v e r te d to 18 Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans (P e r c e n t o f o f fic e and plant w o r k e r s in all in d u s tr ie s and in in du stry d iv is io n s e m p lo y e d in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g health, in s u ra n ce , o r p e n s io n b e n e fits , W ashington, D. C . - M d . - V a . , N o v e m b e r I960) O F F IC E W O R K E R S Type o f b e n e fit A ll w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------- --------------- PLAN T WORKERS All industries M anufacturing Public . utilities Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 Retail trade2 Finan ce5 Services 100 100 All 4 industries M anufacturing Public j utilities Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 Retail trade2 Services 100 100 W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g : L ife in s u ra n ce -------------------------------------------------------------------A c c id e n ta l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e -----------------------------------------------------S ick n es s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s ic k lea v e o r b o t h 5 ----------------------------------------------------- 87 83 76 94 89 92 89 82 87 73 86 88 76 45 49 44 54 30 48 49 51 50 46 46 51 55 87 94 84 89 97 79 88 83 84 72 86 92 79 S ick n es s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce ---------------S ick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w aiting p e r io d ) ------------------------------------------------------S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay o r w aiting p e r io d ) --------------------------------------------------------- 30 47 24 47 32 30 22 52 68 35 38 56 58 72 61 82 79 54 66 82 39 14 55 57 37 41 7 11 ( 6) 10 37 - - 17 8 14 18 27 3 H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u ra n ce ----------------------------S u r g ic a l in s u ra n ce ----------------------------------------M e d ica l i n s u r a n c e -----------------------------------------C a ta strop h e in s u ra n ce ----------------------------------R e tir e m e n t p en s io n --------------------------------------No health, in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n ------- 69 67 45 52 75 1 82 79 46 42 65 ( 6) 63 62 40 74 76 81 60 55 47 82 78 76 25 40 76 2 63 63 55 54 80 1 67 67 46 42 70 ( 6) 77 75 36 33 57 7 83 77 38 21 38 1 66 65 51 72 71 5 72 61 55 33 66 5 84 82 25 19 65 5 74 74 39 28 36 18 1 T ra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th er p u b lic u t i li t ie s . E x clu d es lim i t e d -p r i c e v a r ie t y s t o r e s . 3 F in a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . 4 In clu des data fo r r e a l esta te in add ition to those in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 5 U n du plica ted total o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e o r s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce show n se p a r a te ly b e lo w . S ic k -le a v e plans are lim ite d to th ose w h ich d e fin ite ly e s ta b lis h at le a s t the m in im u m num ber o f days* pay that can be e x p e c te d by ea ch e m p lo y e e . In fo rm a l s ic k -le a v e a llo w a n ce s d e te r m in e d on an in divid u al b a s is are e x clu d ed . 6 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t . 19 Appendix: Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifyin g into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’ s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’ s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O F F IC E B ILL E R , MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE O P E R A T O R Prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other chan an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerica l work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follow s: Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. B ille r , machine (h illin g m achine)— Uses a special billing ma chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and in voices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of prede termined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon cop ies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. B ille r , machine (bookkeepin g m achine)— Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare custom ers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally in volves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger rec ord. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of book keeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. C la ss A — Keeps a set o f records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. C la s s B — Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type o f billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. C L E R K , ACCOUNTING C la s s A — Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more section s o f a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establish ment’ s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts 20 C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G — .Continued payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a c counting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May a ssist in preparing, ad justing and closin g journal entries; may direct cla ss B accounting clerks. Class B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine a c counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a c counts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple co st accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accountingwork is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers. C LER K , PA YRO LL Computes wages of company employees and enters the n eces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers* earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker*s name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ssist paymaster in making up and distribut ing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. CO M PTO M ETER O P ER A TO R Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathema tical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. C LER K , F IL E Class A — In an established filing system containing a num ber of varied subject matter file s , cla ssifie s and indexes corres pondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may super vise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May per form incidental clerical duties. Class B — Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been cla ssified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or a ssists in locating material in file s . May perform incidental clerica l duties. C L E R K , O RD ER R eceives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled . May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check ship ping invoices with original orders. D U P L IC A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (M IM EO GRAPH O R D IT T O ) Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, reproduces multiple cop ies o f typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare sten cil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material. KEYPU N CH O PERA TO R Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon si b ilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written in formation on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating de vice attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. O F F I C E B O Y O R G IR L Performs various routine duties such as running errands, op erating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerica l work. 21 SECRETA RY Performs secretarial and clerica l duties for a superior in an ad ministrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into o ffice ; answering and making phone ca lls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior. STEN O G RAPH ER, G E N E R A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a nor mal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in or der, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). S T E N O G R A P H E R , T E C H N IC A L Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. SW ITCH B O A RD O P E R A T O R Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or o ffice ca lls . May record toll ca lls and take m essages. May give information to per sons who call in, or occasion ally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. SW ITCH B O A RD O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T IO N IS T In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single p o si tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may a lso type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker*s time while at switchboard. T A B IIL A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R Class A — Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical a c counting machines, typically including such machines as the tabu lator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs com plete reporting assignments without clo se supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex re ports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new opera tors in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations arc(/day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators. Class B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical a c counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter,,reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under sp ecific instructions and may include the performance of some wir ing from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabu lations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine. Class C — Operates simple tabulating or electrical account ing machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with sp ecific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or re petitive operations. T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R , G E N E R A L Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May a lso type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation in volving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scien tific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is cla ssified as a stenographer, general. 22 T Y P IS T T Y P I S T — Continued Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in clude typing of sten cils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicat ing p rocesses. May do clerica l work involving little sp ecia l training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail. Class /I— Performs one or more o f the following: Typing ma terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc- tuation, e tc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma terial; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances. Class B — Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance p o licie s, e tc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more com plex tables already set up and spaced properly. PR O F E SSIO N A L AND T E C H N IC A L D R A FT S M A N , JU N IO R (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. D R A FT SM A N , L E A D E R Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their vork; performing more dif ficult problems. May a ssist subordinates di *ing emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or ad ministrative nature. D R A FT S M A N , S E N IO R — Continued involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying com pleted work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specification s; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. N U R S E , IN D U S T R IA L ( R E G I S T E R E D ) A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combina tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. - D R A FT SM A N , S E N IO R TRA CER Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing work ing plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-section s, e tc., to sca le by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing trac ing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or p en cil. Uses T-square, com pass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple draw ings and do simple lettering. 23 MAINTENANCE D PO W E R PL A N T C A R P E N T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y B O I L E R Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and main tain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’ s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials n ec essary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. E L E C T R I C I A N , M A IN T E N A N C E Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, dis tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, lay out, or other specification s; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c trical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen eral, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded . H E L P E R , T R A D E S , M A IN T E N A N C E A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing sp e cific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma chine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is per mitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are a lso performed by workers on a full-time basis. M A C H IN E-T O O L O P E R A T O R , TO O LR O O M Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and op eration sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recog nize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . M A CH IN IST, M A IN T E N A N C E Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specification s; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of ma ch inist’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and 24 M A CH IN IST, M A IN T E N A N C E — Continued M ILLW R IG H T — Continued operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to clo se tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working prop erties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into me chanical equipment. In general, the machinist's work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specification s; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the mill wright's work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. M EC H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M A IN T EN A N C E) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. M EC H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechan ica l equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly d is mantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replace ment part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specification s for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling ma chines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. M ILLW R IG H T Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout O IL E R Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. P A IN T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface pecu liarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a for mal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specification s; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with ch isel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting ma chine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow , and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specification s. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating system s are excluded . 25 T O O L AND D IE M A K E R P L U M B E R , M A IN T E N A N C E Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’ s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiv alent training and experience. S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K ER , M A IN T E N A N C E Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and lay ing out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specification s; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheetmetal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker* fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specification s; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision meas uring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions o f work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to clo s e tolerances; fitting and assembling o f parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and p rocesses. In general, the tool and die maker’ s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification . C U STO D IA L AND M A T E R IA L MOVEMENT E LE V A T O R O PER A TO R , PA SSEN GER JA N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R — Continued Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polish ing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor mainte nance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering. JA N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office , apartment house, or commercial L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L H A N D LIN G (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the follow ing: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or 26 L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G — Continued from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting d evices; unpacking, shelv ing, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; trans porting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. , Longshoremen who load and unload ships are excluded. O RD ER F IL L E R S H IP P IN G AND R E C E IV IN G C L E R K — Continued For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d as follow s: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk T R U C K D R IV E R (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers* orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indi cating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisi tion additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. P A C K E R , S H IP P IN G Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the sp ecific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more o f the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closin g and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are cla ssified by size and type o f equipment, as follow s: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis o f trailer capacity.) Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under l l/2 tons) Truckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type) Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type) T R U C K E R , PO W ER boxes or crates are excluded. S H IP P IN G AND R E C E IV IN G C L E R K Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is respon sible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Veri fying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, in v oices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper de partments; maintaining necessary records and file s. Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are cla ssifie d by type of truck, as follow s: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U . S . G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F I C E : 1961 O - 582595 Occupational Wage Surveys Occupational wage surveys will be conducted in the 82 major labor markets listed below during late I960 and early 196l. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D .C ., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover. A summary bulletin containing data for 80 labor markets, combined with additional analysis, will be issued early in 1962. Akron, Ohio— Bull. 1285Albany—Schenectady-Troy, N .Y .— Bull. 1285Albuquerque, N. Mex.— Bull. 1285Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, P a .-N .J .— Bull. 1285" Atlanta, Ga.— Bull. 1285“ Baltimore, Md.— Bull. 1285Beaumont—Port Arthur, T ex.-—Bull. 1285Birmingham, A la.— Bull. 1285Boise, Idaho— Bull. 1285Bull. 1285-15 Buffalo, N . Y . — Bull. 1285Burlington, V t.— Bull. 1285Canton, Ohio— Bull. 1285Charleston, W. V a.— Bull. 1285Charlotte, N .C .— Bull. 1285❖ ❖ Chattanooga, Tenn.—Ga.— Bull. 1285-14 Chicago, 111.— Bull. 1285- ❖ ❖ B o sto n , M a ss .— Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.— Bull. 1285“ * * Cleveland, Ohio— Bull. 1285-11 Columbus, Ohio— Bull. 1285Dallas, Tex.— Bull. 1285-21 * * Davenport—Rock Island—Moline, Iowa—111.— Bull. 1285-16 Dayton, Ohio— Bull. 1285Denver, Colo.-— Bull. 1285Des Moines, Iowa— Bull. 1285Detroit, Mich.— Bull. 1285Fort Worth, Tex.— Bull. 1285-23 ❖ Green Bay, W is.— Bull. 1285-2 Greenville, S .C .— Bull. 1285Houston, T e x .— Bull. 1285Indianapolis, Ind.— Bull. 1285Jackson, M i s s .— Bull. 1285Jacksonville, F la .— Bull. 1285Kansas City, M o.—K a n s.— Bull. 1285-18 Lawrence—Haverhill, M a ss.—N .H .— Bull. 1285* * Little Rock—North Little Rock, Ark.— Buil. 1285-6 L os A n geles—Long Beach, C a lif.— Bull. 1285L o u isv ille, K y .—Ind.— Bull. 1285Lubbock, T e x .— Bull. 1285* Manchester, N .H .— Bull. 1285-1 Memphis, T enn.— Bull. 1285Miami, F la .— Bull. 1285Milwaukee, W is.— Bull. 1285M inneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.— Bull. 1285Muskegon—Muskegon Heights, Mich.— Bull. 1285Newark and Jersey City, N .J .— Bull. 1285“ New Haven, Conn.— Bull. 1285New Orleans, L a .— Bull. 1285New York, N .Y .— Bull. 1285Norfolk—Portsmouth and Newport N ew s— Hampton, V a .— Bull. 1285* * Oklahoma City, O k la.— Bull. 1285-3 * * Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa— Bull. 1285-13 Paterson—Clifton—P a ssa ic , N .J .— Bull. 1285Philadelphia, P a .— Bull. 1285-24 Phoenix, A riz .— Bull. 1285- Pittsburgh, Pa.— Bull. 1285Portland, Maine— Bull. 1285- 19 Portland, Oreg.—Wash.— Bull. 1285Providence—Pawtucket, R .I.—Mass.— Bull. 1285* * Raleigh, N.C.— Bull. 1285-5 Richmond, Va.— Bull. 1285Rockford, 111.— Bull. 1285* * St. Louis, Mo.—111.— Bull. 1285-10 Salt Lake City, Utah— Bull. 1285San Antonio, T ex.— Bull. 1285❖ San Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, C alif.— Bull. 1285-4 San Francisco—Oakland, C a lif.— Bull. 1285Savannah, Ga. — Bull. 1285* * Scranton, P a.— Bull. 1285-8 Seattle, Wash.— Bull. 1285- 7 * * * Sioux Falls, S. Dak.— Bull. 1285-17 South Bend, Ind.— Bull. 1285Spokane, Wash.— Bull. 1285Toledo, Ohio— Bull. 1285Trenton, N.J.— Bull. 1285- Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va.— Bull. 1285-22 Waterbury, Conn.— Bull. 1285“ Waterloo, Iowa— Bull. 1285-20 * * Wichita, Kans.— Bull. 1285-9 * * Wilmington, D e l.-N .J .— Bull. 1285-12 Worcester, Mass.— Bull. 1285York, P a.— Bull. 1285- An asterisk preceding a labor market in d ica tes the a v a ila b ility and price of the bu lletin . P le a s e do not order c o p ie s in advance. * ❖ ❖ *** Price, 20 cents. Price, 25 cents. Price, 15 cents.
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