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PHILADELPHIA, PA.
N O V E M B E R 1954
BLS Bulletin No. 1172-4
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Aryness Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner
CONTENTS
Page
INTRO DU CTIO N
1
___________________________________________________________
TABLES:
A:
B:
A P P E N D IX :
O ccu p ation al ea rn in g s * A - l O ffice o ccu p a tio n s _____________________________________
A -2 P r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l o ccu p a tio n s ______________
A -3 M aintenance and p ow erp ia n t o c c u p a t i o n s _____________
A -4
C ustodial and m a te ria l m o v e m e n t
occupations _________________________________________
3
7
7
9
E stab lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age
p ro v is io n s B - l Shift d iffe re n tia l p r o v is io n s * _________________________
B -2
M inim um en tra n ce ra te s fo r w o m e n o ffic e
w o r k e r s ________________________________________________
B -3
F re q u e n cy o f wage paym ent __________________________
B -4 Scheduled w eek ly h ou rs * _____________________________
B -5 P aid h olid a y p r o v is io n s * _____________________________
B -6 P a id v a ca tio n s * _________________________________________
12
13
13
14
15
Job d e s c r ip tio n s _____________________________________________
17
11
* NOTE: S im ila r tabulations (a ls o c o v e r in g health, in su ra n ce ,
And p en sion plans) a re a v a ila b le in the P h ila d e lp h ia a r e a r e
p o rts for May 1950, O cto b e r 1951, O c to b e r 1952, and O cto b e r
1953.
A d ir e c t o r y indicating date o f study and the p r ic e o f
the r e p o r t s , as w e ll as r e p o r t s fo r oth er m a jo r a r e a s , is
availab le upon re q u e s t.
C u rren t r e p o r ts on o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and su p p lem en tary
wage p r a c t ic e s a re a ls o a v a ila b le fo r the m a ch in e ry in d u stries
in the P h ilad elp h ia a re a (January 1955), and fo r lea th er tanning
in P h ila d e lp h ia -C a m d e n -W ilm in g to n (M ay 1954).
Union s c a le s ,
in d ica tiv e o f p re v a ilin g pay le v e ls , a re a v a ila b le fo r the f o l
low ing tra d e s o r in d u strie s:
B uilding c o n s tr u c tio n , p rin tin g,
lo c a l tra n sit op era tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o to r tr u c k d r iv e r s .
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.
Price 25 cents
OCCUPATIONAL
WAGE
SURVEY
Introduction
The Philadelphia area is one of several important indus
trial centers in which the Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted
surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an
areawide b a sis.
In each area, data are obtained by personal
visits of Bureau field agents to representative establishments
within 6 broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transporta
tion (excluding railroads), communication, and other public util
ities; w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real
estate; and se rv ice s . M ajor industry groups excluded from these
studies are government institutions and the construction and ex
tractive industries.
Establishments having fewer than a p re
scribed number of w orkers were also omitted since they furnish
insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant
inclusion. *1 W herever possible, separate tabulations are p ro
vided for the individual broad industry divisions.
These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because
of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments,
and to ensure prom pt publication of results.
To obtain appro
priate accu racy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large
than of sm all establishm ents is studied. In combining the data,
however, all establishm ents are given their appropriate weight.
Estim ates are presented therefore as relating to all establish
ments in the industry grouping and area, but not to those below
the minimum size stu died.2
PA.*
Data are shown for full-tim e w orkers, i.e. those hired
to work a full-tim e schedule for the given occupational cla s s ifi
cation. Earnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and for
work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bo
nuses are also excluded, but co st-o f-liv in g bonuses and incentive
earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for
office clerica l occupations, reference is to the work schedules
(rounded to the nearest h alf-h ou r)for which straight-time salaries
are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been
rounded to the nearest 50 cents.
Occupational employment estimates refer to the total in
all establishments within the scope of the study and not to the
number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational
structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational
employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied
serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied.
These differences in occupational structure do not materially
affect the accuracy of the earnings data.
Establishment P ra ctices and Supplementary
Wage Provisions
Information is also presented on selected establishment
practices and supplementary benefits as they relate to office and
plant w orkers.
The term , "office w orkers, " as used in this
bulletin includes all office cle rica l em ployees and excludes ad
m inistrative, executive, professional, and technical personnel.
"Plant w ork ers" include working forem en and all nonsupervisory
w orkers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice
functions. Adm inistrative, executive, professional, and technical
em ployees, and force account construction employees who are
utilized as a separate work force are excluded. Cafeteria workers
and routemen are excluded in manufacturing industries but are
included as plant w orkers in nonmanufacturing industries.
Occupations and Earnings
Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of
job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment
variation in duties within the same job (see Appendix for listing
of these descrip tion s). Earnings data are presented for the fo l
lowing types of occupations: (a) Office clerical; (b; professional
and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial
and m aterial movement.
Shift-differential data are lim ited to manufacturing in
dustries.
This inform ation is presented both in term s of (a)
establishment p o lic y 3 and (b) effective provisions for workers
* This report was prepared in the Bureau's regional office
in New York, N. Y. , by F rederick W. Mueller under the d ire c
tion of Paul E. W arwick, Regional Wage and Industrial Relations
Analyst.
1 See following table for m inim um -size establishment cov
ered by study.
2 An exception is made in the tabulation of minimum en
trance rates for women office w orkers which relates to provisions
in establishm ents actually studied.
PHILADELPHIA,
3
An establishment was considered as having a policy if it
met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts
at the time of the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering
late shifts.
(i)
2
actually employed on extra shifts at the time of the survey.
Tabulations relating to establishment policy are presented in
term s of total plant worker employment; estimates in the second
tabulation relate only to those w orkers actually employed on the
specified shift.
quirem ents, the proportion actually receiving the sp ecific benefits
may be sm aller.
M oreover, a practice was considered as ap
plicable to all office or plant w orkers in an establishment if it
applied to a m ajority of such w ork ers.
Because of rounding,
sums of individual items in these tabulations do not n ecessa rily
equal totals.
Supplementary p ra ctices, other than minimum entrance
rates for women office w orkers, and shift differentials, are
treated statistically on the basis that these are provided to all
workers employed in offices or plant departments that observe
the practice in qu estion .1
*4 Because of varying eligibility r e -
The summary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al
arrangements, excluding inform al plans whereby time off with
pay is granted at the discretion of the em ployer or the super
v is o r.
Separate estimates are provided according to em ployer
practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments,
percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts.
However, in
4
Scheduled weekly hours for office w orkers (first section
the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of serv ice, pay
of table B -4) are presented in term s of the proportion of women
ments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment
office w orkers employed in offices with the indicated weekly hours
of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent
for women w orkers.
of 1 week*s pay.
E sta b lish m en ts and W o rk e rs W ithin S cop e o f S urvey and N um ber Studied in P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , 1 by M a jo r Industry D iv is io n , N o v e m b e r 1954
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts
N u m b er o f e sta b lish m e n ts
Industry d iv isio n
A ll d iv isio n s
_________
_ __
M anufacturing __________________________________________
N onm anufacturing
______________________________ __
T ra n s p orta tion (exclu d in g ra ilro a d s ),
co m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u tilitie s 4
W h olesa le t r a d e _______
R eta il trad e 56
F in a n ce, in s u ra n c e , and re a l e s t a t e _____________
S e r v ic e s 7 ____________________________________________
M inim um s iz e
e s ta b lish m e n t
in s c o p e o f
study 2
W ithin
s co p e o f
study
Within s c o p e o f study
Studied
Studied
T otal 3
O ffice
P lant
T o ta l3
.
1.4 6 9
317
5 5 9 ,4 0 0
9 5 ,7 0 0
3 6 8 ,8 0 0
3 2 4 ,1 9 0
101
-
749
720
139
178
3 44 ,60 0
2 1 4 ,8 0 0
3 8 ,6 0 0
5 7 ,1 0 0
2 5 2 ,2 0 0
1 1 6 ,6 0 0
1 88 ,81 0
1 3 5 ,3 8 0
101
51
101
51
51
62
200
104
170
184
23
36
35
46
38
5 0 ,7 0 0
2 9 ,5 0 0
6 6 ,5 0 0
4 4 ,3 0 0
2 3 ,8 0 0
9 , 100
7 ,8 0 0
8 ,9 0 0
2 7 ,9 0 0
3 ,4 0 0
3 3 ,0 0 0
1 4 ,0 0 0
5 0 ,6 0 0
6
2 ,7 0 0
1 6 ,3 0 0
4 4 ,3 8 0
7, 840
5 1 ,2 5 0
2 4 ,4 9 0
7 ,4 2 0
1 The P h ila d elp h ia A r e a (P h ila d elp h ia and D ela w a re C o u n tie s, P a . , and C am den C ounty, N. J. ). The "w o r k e r s within s co p e o f s tu d y " e s tim a te s show n in this ta b le p ro v id e a
re a son a b ly a ccu ra te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d e d in the s u rv e y . The e s tim a te s a re not in ten d ed , h o w e v e r , to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n
with other a re a em p loy m en t in d ice s to m e a s u r e em p loy m en t tre n d s o r le v e ls s in ce (1) planning o f w age su rv e y s r e q u ir e s the use o f e s ta b lis h m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d
vance o f the pay p e r io d stu died and (2) s m a ll es ta b lis h m e n ts a re e x clu d e d fro m the s co p e o f the s u rv e y .
In clu des a ll esta b lish m en ts with total e m p loy m en t at o r above the m in im u m s iz e lim ita tio n . A ll outlets (within the a re a ) o f co m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s trie s as tr a d e , fin a n ce ,
auto r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o tio n -p ic t u r e th ea ters a re c o n s id e r e d as one e sta b lis h m e n t.
^ In clu des e x e c u tiv e , t e c h n ic a l, p r o fe s s io n a l and oth er w o r k e r s e x clu d e d fr o m the se p a ra te o ffic e and plant c a t e g o r ie s .
A l s o ex clu d e s ta x ic a b s , and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w a te r tra n s p o rta tio n in clu d e d in e a r lie r stu d ie s.
E x clu d es lim it e d -p r ic e v a rie ty s t o r e s .
6 E stim a te re la te s to re a l esta te es ta b lis h m e n ts on ly.
H otels; p e rs o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e ss s e r v i c e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh op s; ra d io b ro a d ca stin g and te le v is io n ; m otion p ic t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s ; and e n g in e e r
ing and a rc h ite c tu r a l s e r v i c e s .
A: Occupatipnal Earnings
Table A-1: Office Occupations
(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly h ou rs and earnings 1 fo r se le cte d occu p ation s studied on an a rea b a sis
in P hilad elp h ia, P a . , by industry d ivisio n , N ovem ber 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
Avsbaos
Sex, o ccu p ation , and industry d iv isio n
Number
of
workers
t
1
t
S
S
1
1
%
t
t
s
1
s
S
$
Weekly
Weekly Under 32.50 3 5.00 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7.5 0 5 0.0 0 *52.50 55.0 0 57.5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7.5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 *75.00 8 0.0 0 8 5.0 0 9 0.0 0
earnings
hours
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) 1 2 .5 0 under
4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50.00 5 2 .5 0 55.0 0 57.50 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0.00 85.0 0 90.0 0 over
35.00
M en
C le r k s, accou n tin g, c la s s A _____ ____
M anufacturing
__ . . . . _
____ . . .
N onm anufacturing ---------------_ ------ ------P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * _____________ _____
W holesa le tra d e
__________
___
_____
F in a n c e * * __ __ _____
630
377
253
36
97
85
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 8.5
3 9.0
3 8.5
3 8.0
*
7 8.0 0
7 8.50
7 7.0 0
8 1.5 0
8 1.0 0
7 3.0 0
C le r k s , accou n tin g, c la s s B _______ ___
M anufactur ing _________ ___ ___________
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g __
P u b lic ut ilit ie s * ______
W h olesa le t r a d e _____ _ ___ ___ ____ _
247
79
168
28
65
3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 8.5
3 8.5
3 9.5
6 0.5 0
6 2.0 0
59.50
7 0.5 0
6 1.0 0
C le r k s , o r d e r ___________ _________________
Manufa ctur ing ____ _____ __ __ ____ _____
N onm anufactur ing _
W holesale t r a d e _________________
----R eta il t r a d e 4 _
__ _ _ __
605
200
405
300
79
3 9.0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9.0
3 9.5
C le r k s, p a y ro ll
__ _
M a n u fa c tu rin g _______ ____________ _____
166
144
O ffice b o y s ---M anufactur ing ________________________
N onm anufactur ing _____ ______________
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ___________________
W holesale trade
____ __ _ __
R eta il t r a d e 4
F i n a n c e * * ________________ ________ _
S e r v i c e s __________ ___ ____________
T a b ulating-m ach in e o p e ra to rs . ---------M anufacturing
N onm anufactur ing
P u b lic u tilitie s*
W holesale trad e
F in a n ce**
_
-
_
.
_
-
_
.
-
-
-
_
.
-
5
5
-
-
-
6 9 .0 0
7 0.5 0
6 8.0 0
6 9.0 0
7 0.0 0
.
-
_
-
_
-
3 9.0
3 9.0
7 2.5 0
7 3.0 0
_
-
726
349
377
33
71
63
145
65
3 8.5
3 9.5
3 8 .0
3 7 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 6 .5
3 9.0
41.5 0
43.5 0
39.50
39.00
4 4.0 0
39.00
38.50
36.00
39
4
35
_
_
26
9
548
268
280
30
57
171
3 8.5
39.5
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 7 .5
6 7.0 0
7 0.0 0
6 3.5 0
7 1 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
58.50
B ille r s , m achine (b illin g m ach in e) _____
M anufacturing _____________ __ ______ __
N onm anufacturing
398
174
224
3 7 .5
3 8 .0
3 6 .5
B ille r s , m achine (b ookkeeping
m ach in e)
___
M anufactur i n g __ ___________ _______ _
N onm anufacturing
___
R eta il trade 4 ______________________
214
81
133
105
B ook k eep in g-m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s A ____ _______ _________________ __ ,
M anufacturing
N onm anufacturing _ _
.
__
288
165
123
-
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
3
3
3
5
2
3
-
-
18
1
17
2
4
7
1
6
2
8
8
2
1
11
2
9
1
26
12
14
3
6
4
4
4
13
7
6
6
_
-
_
-
5
5
5
29
29
20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
3
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
6
19
4
15
2
3
10
189
77
112
11
5
28
40
28
132
79
53
12
7
9
14
11
113
43
70
4
21
13
28
4
38
7
31
2
8
6
12
3
33
15
18
2
4
2
10
-
56
30
26
17
9
-
_
_
-
-
4
?
14
11
4
9
14
30
10
20
23
10
13
3
-
-
-
-
6
2
4
4
34
26
8
2
5
21
13
8
1
2
38
24
14
5
7
57
21
36
1
17
10
48
31
17
2
2
12
63
51
12
7
3
29
4
25
10
7
8
85
61
24
8
10
49
19
30
4
19
4
55
30
25
11
10
3
7
4 20
5 14
36
14
22
15
24
12
12
5
16
4
12
4
8
9
9
-
3
2
1
-
14
6
8
7
7
5
2
-
3
2
1
1
-
7
7
1
6
-
18
15
3
1
2
16
16
4
2
13
2
11
10
1
6
1
5
5
_
-
16
1
15
4
2
28
7
21
15
2
50
7
43
29
10
49
15
34
31
3
138
75
63
43
20
38
15
23
15
8
30
2
28
16
12
34
13
21
19
2
67
29
38
30
8
34
9
25
23
2
23
1
22
13
9
47
19
28
27
1
_
_
-
-
-
2
2
7
3
37
37
8
7
12
12
17
15
2
2
22
18
8
6
30
29
10
7
36
30
6
1
3
2
29
23
6
6
17
13
4
_
1
3
-
13
13
.
4
3
1
1
-
_
_
8
8
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
28
16
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
28
7
21
55
20
35
1
11
19
43
21
22
5
8
3
31
11
20
4
3
11
41
31
10
35
20
15
14
5
9
-
_
6
9
51
28
23
11
6
6
19
18
1
4
5
65
45
20
4
7
8
61
2
59
19
18
1
5
5
-
2
2
-
3
3
-
1
1
-
8
8
-
26
11
15
15
17
14
3
28
14
14
1
1
-
.
_
-
1
1
_
_
_
.
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
4
8
13
11
20
10
11
19
45
26
19
2
2
12
53.50
54.00
53.50
_
-
_
4
4
-
4
3
1
24
4
20
28
15
13
26
2
24
55
23
32
52
34
18
34
16
18
24
13
11
19
5
14
37
24
13
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
53.00
6 0.0 0
4 9.5 0
50.00
_
_
12
_
12
3
3
_
3
3
27
5
22
19
15
12
_
12
12
5
5
5
6
15
12
6
4
14
5
9
4
53
29
24
23
15
7
8
3
10
8
2
2
3 8.5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
6 1.0 0
6 3.0 0
58.00
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
_
1
1
1
17
7
10
25
8
17
31
15
16
10
6
4
31
21
10
19
14
28
11
17
-
-
-
_
11
_
_
-
-
_
_
44
_
_
-
137
4 93
3
_
-
_
_
1
-
9
-
-
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
-
-
_
-
_
13
13
*
W om en
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
-
-
5
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
8
8
-
36
22
14
3
3
9
2
'
See footnotes at end o f ta b le.
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
**
in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l esta te.
for FFRASER
Digitized
O ccupational Wage Survey, P hiladelphia, P a ., N ovem ber 1954
U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
Bureau o f L abor S tatistics
7
_
_
_
19
15
4
_
_
_
Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(A vera g e stra igh t-tim e w eekly h ou rs and earnings 1 fo r se le c te d occupations studied in an a re a b asis
in P hilad elp h ia, P a . , by industry d ivisio n , N ovem ber 1954)
Avkraqk
Sex,
o c c u p a tio n , an d in d u s tr y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF-
Weekly
Weekly
U n der 3 2 .5 0
hours
earnings
and
(Standard) (Standard)
1 2 .5 0 u n d e r
3 5 .0 0
3 5 . 0 0 * 3 7 .5 0 * 4 0 .0 0 * 4 2 .5 0 * 4 5 .0 0 * 4 7 .5 0 * 5 0 .0 0 * 5 2 .5 0 * 5 5 .0 0 * 5 7 .5 0 * 6 0 . 0 0 * 6 2 . 5 0 * 6 5 . 0 0 * 6 7 . 5 0 * 7 0 . 0 0 * 7 2 . 5 0 * 7 5 . 0 0 * 8 0 . 0 0 * 8 5 . 0 0 * 9 0 . 0 0
and
3 7 .5 0
4 0 .0 0
4 2 .5 0
4 5 .0 0
4 7 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
278
12
266
35
13
218
240
18
222
14
5
203
288
12
276
7
18
244
147
28
119
15
12
89
28
28
_
7
21
91
35
56
_
10
46
5 2 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
239
68
171
55
16
81
146
56
90
26
8
51
139
24
115
34
27
54
92
58
34
14
5
15
59
30
29
_
_
12
14
3
60
18
42
2
1
8
31
130
37
93
12
8
45
28
114
42
72
3
5
15
49
121
42
79
6
28
39
3
3
6 0 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
48
12
36
22
10
31
29
2
_
1
6 7 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
9 0 .0 0
over
W o m e n - C o n tin u e d
$
B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,
c la s s B
_ ........
..................... ............... :. ,,
M a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _____ _________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 6 _____________ ______________
F i n a n c e * * _____ _____ _________
1 .9 0 8
344
1 ,5 6 4
257
142
1, 125
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 7 .5
4 8 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
4 7 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
5 0 .0 0
4 5 .0 0
_
_
-
7
_
7
C l e r k s , a c c o u n t i n g , c l a s s A _____ ____ ___
M a n u f a c t u r in g _____________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
______
P u b lic u t ilit ie s *
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ______________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 6 _________ __
____
F i n a n c e * * ______ ________________________
S e r v ic e s _ _
1. 188
440
748
45
79
196
354
74
3 7 .5
3 8 .0
3 7 .0
3 6 .5
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 5 .0
3 8 .5
5 9 .5 0
6 3 . 50
5 7 .5 0
6 6 .5 0
6 7 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
45
_
45
18
27
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10 0
9
91
14
26
48
3
C le r k s , a cco u n tin g , c la s s B
- _
M a n u f a c t u r in g
_
______
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
______ ______
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * _______________________
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ________________ _____
R e t a i l t r a d e 6 ___________________________
F i n a n c e * * ______________________________
S e r v i c e s -------------------------------------------------
1 .9 3 8
505
1 ,4 3 3
89
262
612
406
64
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 9 .5
3 7 .0
3 8 .5
4 9 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
6 3 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
4 6 .5 0
4 5 .0 0
4 8 .5 0
20
_
74
4
70
_
68
_
4
48
18
68
6
28
34
233
38
195
_
6
14
-
50
50
35
15
-
-
-
-
236
67
169
13
24
53
49
30
139
25
114
2
10
59
39
4
358
108
250
7
64
86
72
21
112
41
71
9
6
38
18
-
235
92
143
1
19
80
39
4
C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A _______________________
M a n u f a c t u r in g
__ __
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ____ _______ ___ _______
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * _ !___ __
W h o l e s a l e t r a d e _____ ________
F in a n ce * *
__ _______________________
. 6 9 9
235
464
28
52
216
3 7 .5
3 9 .0
3 6 .5
3 6 .5
3 9 .5
3 6 .0
5 3 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
5 6 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
_
_
9
_
-
9
_
_
14
5
9
_
35
7
28
1
_
50
11
39
3
_
60
7
53
1
_
-
9
9
22
24
30
15 9
20
13 9
1
10
37
43
16
27
3
-
-
76
14
62
3
21
21
C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B _______________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____ ______________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ________________________
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * _________ _____________
W h o le s a l e t r a d e _______________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 6 ____________________________
F i n a n c e * * ___________ ____________________
2 .2 3 9
406
1 ,8 3 3
50
241
249
1 ,0 7 2
3 8 .0
3 9 .5
3 7 .5
3 6 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 6 .5
4 0 .5 0
4 7 .0 0
3 9 .0 0
5 0 .0 0
4 4 .0 0
3 7 .5 0
3 8 .0 0
106
_
106
15
81
229
_
455
9
446
14
95
294
326
24
302
_
8
33
216
482
87
395
1
54
41
217
188
45
143
17
65
11
50
171
60
111
6
58
6
40
85
29
56
6
26
7
17
C le r k s , o rd e r
_ ._
M a n u f a c t u r in g
__ _
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g ______ _ ______ ,
W h o le s a l e t r a d e _______________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 6 ___________________________
622
258
364
106
177
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
4 8 .5 0
5 3 . 50
4 5 .0 0
4 6 .5 0
4 4 .0 0
6
6
13
13
_
13
29
40
40
4
22
70
10
60
32
17
99
52
47
16
22
72
39
33
6
9
C l e r k s , p a y r o l l __ _____________________________
M a n u f a c t u r i n g ______________________________
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g __
___ __ __ __
P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ______________________
R e t a i l t r a d e 6 ____________________________
F i n a n c e * * __________ ____________________
1 .4 3 5
991
444
127
118
85
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
3 7 .5
3 9 .0
3 6 .5
5 6 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
5 6 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
5 0 .5 0
5 7 .5 0
_
1
_
107
69
38
13
22
3
87
113
53
60
24
24
1
20
_
-
6
7
229
_
_
36
153
91
2
89
4
8
77
-
29
6
19
10
82
.
-
-
1
11
9
2
-
-
_
_
-
_
1
2
'
'
'
See footnotes at end o f table.
* T ransportation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public utilities
** F inance, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te.
103
11
92
_
'
18
73
104
U
21
16
2
1
—
29
T 23
10
8
4
13
7
6
5
1
5
_
6
_
5
5
_
6
6
_
1
1
_
_
_
_
_
5
.
5
5
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
89
32
57
1
17
11
18
10
84
41
43
2
1
20
12
8
146
59
87
9
9
41
18
10
71
32
39
3
1
10
16
9
30
16
14
2
5
3
3
1
25
11
14
3
5
3
3
44
23
21
1
13
4
2
1
44
40
4
19
12
7
6
1
_
_
9
3
6
1
5
-
•
39
4
35
_
15
17
2
1
61
19
42
5
10
20
7
39
21
18
7
2
9
-
26
19
7
2
5
-
27
6
21
5
8
2
6
10
2
8
6
2
_
-
24
15
9
-
20
_
10
_
18
20
15
_
5
_
10
1
8
1
_
18
_
_
-
-
18
2
16
10
3
2
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
55
30
25
2
2
21
59
53
6
1
2
15
1
14
1
8
2
29
9
20
1
5
11
12
12
-
4
4
-
10
5
5
5
_
5
4
1
_
.
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
1
7
7
_
4
3
_
12
57
37
20
6
2
12
-
-
77
62
15
4
6
3
2
44
36
8
3
2
2
1
42
31
11
4
6
1
18
14
4
4
-
4
4
-
2
1
1
6
4
2
1
1
-
4
4
4
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
97
15
82
28
41
57
36
21
15
14
13
1
17
17
-
25
17
8
-
-
7
7
-
31
30
1
_
5
_
5
_
-
8
9
8
1
1
5
4
1
1
20
9
11
9
2
1
-
83
52
31
14
11
6
167
127
40
1
16
11
76
40
36
16
1
19
182
159
23
2
16
3
96
56
40
9
1
9
134
10 4
30
2
9
8
89
51
38
3
7
3
87
60
27
10
2
8
38
34
4
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
52
39
13
3
8
-
-
6
3
_
2
1
1
_
_
_
18
5
5
5
-
-
-
-
-
12
6
6
2
50
37
13
6
1
4
9
7
2
14
5
9
2
1
27
17
10
3
2
**
“
-
1
_
_
Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(A verage straigh t-tim e weekly Hours and earnings 1 fo r se le cte d occup ations studied on an a rea b a sis
in P h iladelph ia, P a . , by industry d ivisio n , N ovem ber 1954)
Averaqk
Sex, occu p ation , and industry d iv ision
Number
of
workers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
s
t
9
t
S
I
1
1
S
s
1
t
S
1
<
S
S
1
%
S
Weekly
Weekly Under 32.50 35.0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 6 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50.0 0 52.5 0 55.00 57.5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0.0 0 7 2 .5 0 75.00
80.00 85.0 0
(Standard) (Standard)
.
_
- ■
_
under
3 5.0 0 3 7.5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50.00 5 2.5 0 5 5.0 0 57.50 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 77 50 7 5 .0 0 80.00 85.0 0 90.00
|$
90.00
I and
< over
W omen - C ontinued
C om p tom eter o p e ra to rs _______ _____ _____
M anufacturing __________- ____ -_________
N onm anufacturing ___________________
P u b lic u tilities* _______________ ___
W holesale trade ________________ ,__
R eta il trade 6 . ___________ _____ ___
F in a n ce** _ _____ _______ ____ ,_____
1.023
284
739
43
203
412
76
38.5
3 9 .5
3 8.5
3 7.5
3 9.0
3 8.5
3 7.0
$
52.50
55.50
51.50
6 0.0 0
55.50
4 9.5 0
45. 50
5
5
5
-
20
20
15
5
30
*
30
4
20
6
61
6
55
48
7
52
7
45
2
10
20
13
133
30
103
2
20
61
20
116
30
86
1
30
46
9
101
27
74
7
23
35
8
78
18
60
1
16
35
7
100
59
41
2
8
29
1
105
16
89
38
51
-
73
25
48
3
13
31
-
60
43
22
19
3
-
39
14
25
2
12
10
-
20
.
-
7
li
li
7
1
3
3
-
D u p lica tin g-m a ch in e o p e ra to rs
(m im e o g ra p h o r ditto) _____ ____________
M a n u fa c tu rin g __________ _______________
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g ______ __ __________
183
119
64
3 8 .5
3 9.0
3 8.0
4 6 .5 0
4 9.0 0
4 2 .5 0
-
_
-
20
2
18
20
14
6
25
15
10
23
7
16
17
l6
1
12
5
7
18
16
2
21
21
-
11
9
2
10
9
1
1
1
1
1
-
4
4
-
-
K ey-p u n ch o p e r a t o r s __ _____________ ;_____ 1.303
M anufacturing .. .... ,,
...
.524
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g _________ - ____...._____
779
P u b lic u tilities*
____________. . . __ _
98
W holesale trade _ __________ __ _
132
67
R etail trade 6 *___________________ _,
F inance **.___
_____ __ _ _____
397
3 8.5
39.0
3 8.0
3 8.5
3 9.0
3 9 .5
3 7.5
51.50
55.00
49.5 0
55.00
55.00
50.50
4 7.50
.
_
-
2
2
_
2
52
2
50
4
7
15
53
53
8
33
, 120
14
106
12
12
4
42
93
25
68
8'
4
56
156
47
109
19
6
5
67
91
49
42
6
1
7
28
188
74
114
3
37
10
64
97
42
55
8
10
5
32
112
81
31
5
1
5
20
114
44
70
4
23
18
25
91
67
24
16
3
2
3
40
34
6
6
25
15
10
l
4
4
12
8
4
1
3
-
O ffice g ir ls ____ .__________
_T_ _ ^ ^ _
M a n u fa c tu rin g ____ ____
______
__
N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __ __
F inance** _ __ ______ __ _
428
204
224
112
3 8.0
3 9.0
3 7.0
3 6.0
39.50
4 2 .5 0
37.00
35.00
32
32
23
46
46
36
100
57
43
34
38
19
19
8
94
34
60
10
37
26
11
*
35
29
6
1
25
19
6
-
8
7
1
-
6
6
-
4
4
-
1
1
-
1
1
-
_
-
S e c r e ta r ie s ______ _ _ _
4 .8 5 1
M anufacturing
______ _____________ 2 ,4 5 0
N onm anufacturing
__ ____
2 ,4 0 1
P u b lic u tilities* ____________ ________
168
W holesale trade ____________ r __
440
R etail t r a d e 6
_
__ .,
T ___
297
F in a n ce**
r .... _ ___
1,258
S e rv ice s __________________ ___________
238
3 8.0
3 8.5
3 7.5
3 7.5
3 8.5
39.0
3 6 .5
3 8.5
6 8.0 0
7 2 .0 0
6 4.0 0
8 5.5 0
6 4 .5 0
6 4.0 0
62.0 0
6 1 .0 0
_
-
2
2
_
.
_
*
_
-
18
18
5
9
4
29
6
23
5
14
4
103
14
89
_
_
15
55
19
125
31
94
9
5
58
22
213
14
199
_
20
40
122
17
183
63
120
-
3
2
1
_
_
_
1
334
133
201
11
39
30
99
22
306
115
191
_
35
9
135
12
602
271
331
-•
127
22
132
50
256
155
101
17
17
5
50
12
____
S te n o g ra p h e rs, gen era l
M anufacturing
........... .
N onm anufacturing
P u b lic u tilitie s* ____________________
W holesale trade _ __
...
R etail trade 6 _________ _____________
F in a n ce** _ _
___
S e rv ice s _______ ___________ _________
S ten ogra p h ers, tech n ica l
M a n u fa ctu rin g ___
_
__ ,, ...
.
Sw itchboard o p e ra to rs
__
___ .. ..
M anufacturing _
_
_
. _ ....
N onm anufacturing ... ...
_
P ublic u tilities* _
_
_ ..
W holesale trade ____________________
R etail t r a d e 6 ____
_
F inance**
___ __
T ... r ... .
S e rv ice s __________
„ .... ^ ^TT. _
_
7
7
-
_
-
-
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
18
14
4
2
2
*
7
.
7
1
6
_
-
16
16
12
4
_
-
„
-
16
8
8
8
-
1
1
-
.
-
.
-
.
-
-
-
-
417
214
203
4
36
32
116
15
308
145
163
5
21
14
116
7
405
268
137
8
36
22
54
17
.198
98
100
2
29
15
54
-
527
359
168
17
23
35
77
16
240
150
90
26
7
10
47
-
192
133
59
12
6
19
14
36
21
15
9
6
_
..
-
105
80
25
17
3
-
26
20
6
2
4
_
13
5
3
5
_
16
.
16
15
1
.
•
.
~
-
_
_
-
8
|
!
1
;
-
!
390
P277
j 113
1
18 66
17
4
16
10
216
58
158
30
8
9
105
6
413
122
291
15
39
41
159
37
326
159
167
36
10
7
94
20
650
321
329
31
65
33
175
25
312
166
146
10
40
15
61
20
551
295
256
22
51
54
75
54
262
168
94
6
26
8
33
21
432
274
158
16
60
21
58
3
241
171
70
27
16
22
5
285
188
97
45
34
2
15
1
212
185
27
15
12
.
-
5
-
-
-
!
1
-
3
2
12
4
11
4
31
29
7
4
15
13
25
18
12
8
14
11
14
14
21
21
9
9
36
35
7
3
*
1
1
53
53
_
4
19
15
15
77
8
69
4
7
38
20
102
19
83
4
19
26
31
3
76
18
58
4
54
6
48
10
3
10
25
~
107
45
62
6
16
20
14
64
44
20
1
88
34
54
25
9
.
20
68
36
32
10
21
.
1
39
28
11
10
_
_
1 •
10
10
_
_
-
24
12
12
12
-
16
20
18
2
2
_
_
-
8
3
5
5
_
-
_
-
54.50
57.50
51.50
58.50
56.50
50,50
47.50
51.50
220
176
3 8.5
3 9 .0
6 4 .0 0
, 6 5.5 0
-
-
*
-
-
953
290
663
91
104
146
200
122
3 8.5
3 9.5
3 8.0
3 8.5
3 9.0
3 9.0
3 7.0
3 7.5
53.00
6 1.0 0
4 9.5 0
6 2.0 0
54. 50
46.0 0
50. 50
40.0 0
15
_
15
_
_
1
14
14
14
2
12
39
39
17
22
38
38
14
7
17
41
41
21
13
S ee f o o tn o te s at en d o f t a b le .
* T r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s .
** F in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ,
-
-
1
_
1
1
-
246
79
167
22
10
21
88
26
3 8.0
3 9.0
37.5
3 8.0
3 9.0
3 9.0
3 6 .5
3 8.0
87
13
74
2
_
2
70
-
4
_
4
1
2
1
-
85
71
14
9
4
1
-
4 .6 4 8
2 ,4 1 6
2 ,2 3 2
332
394
219
1,0 6 4
223
-
121
6
13
6
108
_ ■
6
6
102
-
18
10
90
2
-
10
_
10
1
7
2
-
8
5
3
.
3
_
7
-
16
32
6
6
9
_
10
-
-
-
-
-
9
7
7
-
_
-
8
_
_
-
6
Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued
(A vera g e straigh t-tim e w eekly h ou rs and earnings 1 for se le c te d occupations studied on an area b a s is
in P h iladelph ia, P a. , by industry d ivision , N ovem ber 1954)
Avsbaob
Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision
Number
of
workers
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
$
Weekly
Weekly Under $ 2 .5 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 7 .5 0 <10.00 $12.50 ^ 5 .0 0 *47.50 *50.00 *52. 50 *55.00 *57.50 *60.00 *62.50 *65.00 *67 ..50 *70.00 7 2 .5 0 *7 5 .0 0 *80.00 *85.00 *90.00
hours
earnings
and
and
(Standard) (Standard) $3 2.5 0 under
3 5.0 0 3 7 .5 0 4 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 50.00 5 2.5 0 55.00 57.50 6 0 .0 0 62.5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 o ve r
Women - Continued
Switchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p tio n is ts ____
Manufacturing ________________________
Nonm anufacturing
_ _
Public u tilities* ___________
__ _
W holesale trade ___________________
Retail tr a d e 6 _ _ _
, T _.,Tr.___
S e rv ice s
______
814
464
350
33
132
57
91
3 8.0
3 8 .5
3 7 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
$
50. 50
51.00
50.00
54. 50
51.00
52.00
4 8.5 0
_
_
_
_
-
Tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs _
__
Manufacturing _______________________
Nonmanufacturing
P ublic u tilities* ___________________
Finance**
514
191
323
65
142
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 8.0
3 8 .5
3 7 .0
57.50
6 3 .5 0
54.00
6 3.5 0
52.00
2
_
2
_
2
T ra n scrib in g-m a ch in e o p e ra to rs ,
gen era l __________________________________
Manufacturing _________________________
N on m a n u fa ctu rin g________
W holesale trade
____
Finance**
___ ____
862
368
494
145
186
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 6 .5
51.50
55.50
4 9.0 0
53.50
4 6 .5 0
_
_
_
T yp ists, cla ss A ________________________
Manufacturing
_________
Nonm anufacturing ________
P ublic u tilities* ___________________
W holesale trade _____
Finance** _________________________
S e rv ice s
_ ____
..
1.566
654
912
95
70
632
76
3 8.0
3 9 .5
3 7 .0
3 7 .5
3 9 .0
3 6 .5
3 7 .5
52.50
56.00
4 9.5 0
54.50
52.00
4 8 .0 0
52.50
T yp ists, cla ss B
__
Manufacturing
__
_
T
Nonmanufacturing ____________________
P ublic utilities*
W holesale trade
_
.
Retail trade 6 ______________________
Finance**
________
S e rv ice s
4 .0 0 8
1,495
2, 513
100
339
280
1, 583
211
3 8 .0
3 9 .0
3 7.5
3 8 .5
3 9 .0
3 9.5
3 6 .5
3 8 .0
4 4.5 0
4 8.5 0
4 2.5 0
52.50
4 6.0 0
4 5.0 0
4 0.5 0
4 2.0 0
28
28
_
_
_
_
-
123
73
50
4
15
2
29
135
61
74
_
35
9
30
167
115
52
6
10
21
4
56
31
25
14
1
10
65
31
34
12
16
6
-
40
23
17
10
3
1
3
57
44
13
_
8
_
5
23
13
10
10
-
19
13
6
_
5
1
-
1
1
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
-
62
24
38
1
14
6
10
-
7
1
6
6
_
-
6
_
6
_
6
10
10
_
9
10
5
5
_
4
17
6
11
_
10
28
5
23
2
3
33
13
20
_
20
84
3
81
4
17
70
13
57
4
25
30
10
20
4
13
31
21
10
3
7
29
13
16
9
7
26
10
16
4
12
38
21
17
12
3
38
15
23
20
2
21
20
1
_
1
7
_
7
_
4
49
67
11
56
_
31
78
20
58
9
30
84
16
68
19
32
96
42
54
12
20
110
63
47
20
14
67
25
42
15
21
90
45
45
21
7
60
44
16
5
2
65
51
14
6
6
36
12
24
12
-
13
12
1
1
-
12
6
6
6
-
20
_
20
_
12
-
17
17
_
_
13
-
81
3
78
6
68
-
104
15
89
13
14
60
-
213
18
195
18
160
16
202
76
126
7
14
83
15
220
76
144
5
27
90
20
168
104
64
2
_
54
6
147
91
56
3
46
2
128
96
32
4
_
23
2
95
67
28
8
6
8
5
89
69
20
18
_
2
-
37
17
20
4
3
13
-
435
76
359
1
4
21
303
30
395
61
334
1
36
23
255
19
743
241
502
10
63
43
354
32
508
168
340
13
57
24
199
47
476
163
313
10
51
28
200
24
310
175
135
4
45
11
62
13
366
161
205
12
33
113
33
14
174
123
51
3
16
4
22
6
152
126
26
9
14
2
1
106
79
27
18
9
62
47
15
13
1
42
38
4
2
2
11
5
6
4
2
-
15
6
9
_
_
-
16
_
16
_
6
_
-
_
_
-
"
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
45
8
37
_
_
1
36
153
_
153
_
_
10
117
26
49
12
19
-
-
-
-
1
-
_
_
"
_
_
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
13
12
1
_
1
7
6
1
_
8
7
1
1
-
5
3
2
2
-
8
8
_
-
7
6
1
1
-
11
8
3
3
-
10
7
3
3
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
17
5
12
2
_
10
9
5
4
3
1
-
10
8
2
2
-
7
3
4
4
_
_
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
15
15
12
7
5
1
1
-
-
-
-
2
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
1
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
_
-
-
-
2
1
1
1
_
-
-
Hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em p loy ees r e c e iv e their regu la r stra ig h t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings co r re sp o n d to these w eekly h ou rs.
W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 18 at $90 to $95; 36 at $95 to $ 100; 24 at $ 100 to $ 105; 14 at $ 105 to $ 110; 1 at $ 110 to $ 115.
3 W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 13 at $90 to $95; 9 at $95 to $100; 10 at $100 to $105; 12 at$105 to $110.
4 W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 3 at $95 to $100; 9 at $100 to $105; 8 at $105 to $110.
5 W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 8 at $90 to $95; 2 at $95 to $100; 4 at $105 to $110.
6 E xcludes lim it e d -p r ic e va riety s to r e s .
7 W orkers w ere d istrib u ted as fo llo w s: 86 at $90 to $95; 81 at $95 to $100; 34 at $100 to $105; 43 at $105 to $110; 8 at $110 to $115; 16 at $115 to $12 0 ; 3 at $120 to $ 12 5 ; 1 at $125 to $ 130; 4 at $130 to
$135; 1 at $135 to $140.
* W orkers w ere distrib u ted as follow s: 9 at $90 to $95 ; 17 at $95 to $100; 16 at $ 100 to $105; 14 at $105 to $110; 3 at $ 110 to $ 115; 1 at $115 to $120; 2 at $120 to $ 12 5 ; 1 at $130 to $13 5 ;
1 at $135 to
$140; 2 at $140 to $14 5 .
* T ransp ortation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilitie s.
* * F inance, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te.
Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations
(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hou rs and e a r n in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d occu p ation s studied on an a rea
basis in P hiladelph ia, Pa. , by industry d iv isio n , N ovem ber 1954)
A vk
Sex, o ccu p a tion , and industry d iv ision
»AO»
NU M BER OF W ORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGH T-TIM E WEEKLY EARNINGS OF _
Number
<A
S
S
Under Xs. 00 l o . o o ?5. 00 1 0 .0 0 1 5 .0 0 $ 0 .0 0 $5. 00 *80. 00 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0Q 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 $25.00 $30.00 $35.00 $40.00 $45.00
and
$
and
under
4 5 .0 0
50. 00 55. 00 6 0.0 0 6 5 .0 0 70. 00 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5.0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 140.00 145.00
workers
Weekly
hours
(Standard)
Weekly
earnings
(Standard)
D ra ftsm en , l e a d e r ________________________
M anufacturing ----------------------------------------
224
206
39.5
3 9.5
&
122.00
121. 50
“
_
-
-
_
_
_
"
-
-
D ra ftsm e n , s e n i o r ------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu rin g ------- -------------------------------N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g--------------------------------P u b lic u tilities * -----------------------------
1 ,6 4 8
1,510
138
34
3 9.5
39.5
38.0
38. 5
100.00
100.50
95. 50
95. 00
-
-
.
-■
-
_
-
2
2
_
21
21
_
23
17
6
-
-
-
D ra ftsm en , j u n i o r ________________________
M a n u fa c tu rin g _________
595
566
39.5
39-5
68. 50
68. 00
*
84
83
28
26
337
249
88
3 9.0
39. 5
3 8.0
- 6 9 . 50
70. 50
6 6 .5 0
1
1
M en
. ____9 ,
9
148
142
_
61
61
_
-
14
14
2
-
2
12
12
18
16
16
8
2
6
4
30
29
42
42
23
21
25
25
7
5
20
16
122
109
13
117
103
14
3
159
142
17
9
152
136
16
1
191
170
21
6
190
177
13
6
101
93
8
2
136
131
5
134
132
2
12
10
46
46
44
43
1
1
3
1
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
133
115
18
7
86
81
67
66
66
58
37
36
28
27
22
21
17
15
63
44
19
___ 5 L
45
7
59
48
11
17
15
17
16
1
7
5
2
2
19
z
z
-
3
-
-
W om en
N u r s e s , in d u strial (re g is te r e d )
M a n u fa c tu rin g __________________________
N onm anufacturing _____________________
_
-
-
48
33
15
___ SSL
10
10
___ 12_
31
18
2
-
2
_
1
-
1
1
_
-
1
-
1 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em p loy ees re c e iv e their regular stra igh t-tim e s a la rie s and the earnings c o r re sp o n d to these w eekly h ou rs.
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
Table A-3:
Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations
(A verage h ou rly earnings 1 fo r m en in s e le c te d occup ations studied on an a rea
b a s is in P h iladelph ia, Pa. , by industry d iv isio n , N ovem b er 1954)
NU M BER OF WORKERS RECEIVIN G STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O ccupation and ind ustry d iv ision
Number
of
workers
Average
hourly
earnings
996
717
279
48
146
$
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
29
21
50
10
89
E le c t r ic ia n s , m aintenance
___________
M anufacturing _______________________
N onm anufacturing
________________ _
Piihlir
♦
Retail fraH p ^
1.603
1,337
266
72
109
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
25
26
22
23
57
E n g in e e rs, station ary _
___
M a n u fa ctu rin g -------------------------------------N onm anufact u r i n g _________________ _
R\C
etail
X
LcLJ.JL ftrdUC
...a,
F inance ** --------------------------------------S e r v ic e s
------------------- --------------------
1.258
801
457
89
114
129
1. 98
2. 03
1.90
2. 08
1. 74
1. 75
C a r p e n t e r s , m aintenance _______________
M a n u fa c tu rin g ________________________
N onm anufacturing __________________
P u b lic u tilities * __________________
R eta il trade 2 ___________________ _
s
$
$
$
$
*
t
S
t
S
$
$
$
$
t
5
$
$
*
$
$
$
t
f
S
1. 30 1. 35 1. 40 1.45 1.50 1. 55 1. 60 1.65 1.70 1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1.90 1.95 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 .60 2. 70 2. 80 2.90
Under 1.25
ana
$
Linder
and
1. 25
1. 30 1. 35 1 .40 1.45 1. 50 1,55 1,60 L 65 1 .70 1. 75 1 .80 1. 85 1 .9 0 1,95 2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 ?_ 70 7 80 2 .90 over
-
-
1
2
_
2
2
1
1
1
_
1
1
1
-
3
_
3
4
_
4
-
22
18
4
-
_
-
14
1
13
14
1
13
4
3
4
-
_
-
4
-
6
_
6
7
_
3
3
1
3
3
1
3
_
-
“
3
2
1
1
7
7
-
40
40
19
6
13
_
1
_
40
~
“
13
14
_
14
-
92
9
6?
11
58
9
2
3
9
56
3
24
24
-
1
1
- -
43
17
26
1
6
19
14
12
2
38
26
12
52
40
12
10
37
26
11
2
39
36
3
3
-
129
86
43
17
22
170
153
17
8
1
61
47
14
5
6
64
52
12
12
7
6
1
-
100
100
"
66
61
5
5
-
7
5
2
22
21
1
58
35
23
1
59
34
25
11
2
43
40
2^7
193
34
20
10
420
400
20
15
2
112
107
5
197
153
74
74
-
35
35
-
1
42
166
130
36
60
20
40
76
64
12
12
113
70
43
12
80
72
8
7
1
53
34
19
11
1
14
257
168
89
51
1
37
27
10
24
5
19
z
3
19
5
~
3
3
7
3
2
44
2
13
12
1
1
146
28
118
•3 103
-
-
184
154
30
22
8
37
35
2
21
21
2
21
4 21
16
6
10
1
15
2
13
49
49
-
5
3
-
-
9
11
-
-
-
?1
61
40
5
}
’
See footnotes at end o f table.
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
** F in a n ce, in s u ra n c e , and re a l esta te.
O ccupational W age S urvey, Philadelphia, Pa. , N ovem ber 1954
U. S. DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR
Bureau o f L abor Statistics
Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations - Continued
(Average hourly earnings 1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area
basis in Philadelphia, Pa. , by industry division, November 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKER8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNING8 OF—
t
f
1.30 1.35
Under y ?
$
under
1.25
1. 30 U S l- 1.40
Number
of
workers
Average
hourly
earnings
F irem en , stationary b o ile r ___________ M anufacturing — --------------------------------Nonm anufacturing ----------------------------P ublic utilities * _______________ _
1,067
898
169
38
64
$
1.72
1.75
1. 54
1. 85
1. h0
39
2
H elp ers, tra d es, m aintenance ______ _
M anufacturing — ------------------------------- Nonmanufacturing ______ __ __________
P ublic utilities * -------------------------W holesale trade --------------------------
2 ,6 0 0
1,826
774
583
88
1. 82
1.88
1.69
1.71
1.67
55
it
43
27
-
M a ch in e-tool o p e r a to r s , to o lr o o m ____
M a n u factu rin g_______________________
445
445
2. 09
2.09
_
_
_
-
-
M a ch in ists, m aintenance
M a n u factu rin g__________________ ____
1.102
952
2. 29
2. 27
_
_
-
-
M ech a n ics, autom otive (m aintenance) —
M anufacturing ____ _____________
N onm anufacturing _________________ —
PwKlir utility*.a ♦
WVirtlAa^1«a fraHp
Ppfail
Ha ^
1.006
287
719
375
177
130
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
07
09
06
04
18
00
M ech a n ics, m aintenance — ____________ _
M anufacturing ________ ______ _______ „
N onm anufacturing ----------------------— —
Rafail f r a rim ^
1.694
1,503
191
74
2.
2.
2.
2.
19
19
19
09
Occupation and industry d ivision
39
*
1.55
$
«
1.60 1.65
1.48 -U5Q-. .L 5 5
<
1.45
1.60
1,65
1,70
67
64
3
.
130
63
37
.
30
40
40
_
17
15
2
1
1
29
26
3
3
38
27
11
1
196
191
5
5
76
65
11
,
10
37
35
2
2
51
48
3
3
86
56
30
12
18
45
45
-
29
26
3
3
36
28
8
8
27
24
3
3
49
49
_
.
50
50
_
_
_
.
_
_
-
18
" 5
15
2
-
36
32
4
3
-
24
5
19
17
"
60
31
29
26
-
1
1
.
-
78
54
24
3
21
70
56
20
20
-
169
125
44
32
10
169
128
41
4
33
363
197
166
138
9
375
195
180
173
4
80
59
21
7
-
232
132
100
76
4
68
30
38
36
-
11
6
5
4
-
518
501
17
9
7
7
7
6
-
266
266
-
.
-
.
-
-
-
_
-
-
_
.
18
18
30
30
17
17
8
8
37
37
20
20
45
45
108
108
89
89
41
41
24
24
_
-
4
4
_
-
1
1
_
-
3
3
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16
16
-
7
7
18
18
21
21
53
53
6
2
33
33
94
94
217
169
160
159
98
98
64
64
106
94
168
85
.
_
_
5
1
13
_
29
11
18
18
2
16
4
7
5
38
1
37
21
11
5
103
87
16
214
42
172
162
10
87
44
43
12
20
6
72
2<>
46
2
44
96
11
85
16
69
37
9
28
28
14
11
3
18
18
-
_
-
_
_
-
_
16
261
25
236
126
6
92
36
32
4
4
72
72
-
195
192!
3
3
188
52
45 " T F
7
50
&
48
384
324
60
1
172
u t
10
5
88
85
3
108
69
39
2
25
17
8
3
291
291
-
-
.
-
33
33
28
28
40
$9
210
209
98
98
80
79
30
30
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
19
19
-
77
53
24
24
35
34
1
64
39
25
7
1
a.
_
-
_
-
-
-
-
_
-
5
-
-
-
-
t
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
O ile rs _______________________________ __
M anufacturing — _______ -__ ___________
417
412
1.66
1.66
28
23
?9
29
-
18
13
14
14
-
7
6
P a in te rs , m aintenance
—_____________
M anufacturing —____________ . . . __ . . . . . .
Nonm anufacturing . . . . — __________ . . . .
P ublic u tilities * _______________. . . . .
Finance * * . . . ________. . . . ________
803
458
345
112
128
2 .0 5
2. 15
1.91
2. 13
1.65
10
2
4
, 3
4
.
n
.
.
10
2
4
3
4
.
1
11
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
1
1
1
-
1
P ip e fitte rs , m aintenance ______________________
M a n u factu rin g ______- ______ _____ _________ . . . . .
Nonm anufacturing __
_
. T
913
843
70
51
2 .2 8
2 .2 8
2, 36
2. 39
P lu m b e rs, m aintenance ---------------------- ------------N onm anufacturing ___________________
112
6$
2 .0 5
1.67
Sheet-m etal w o r k e rs , m aintenance ____
Manufacturing
------- ------------------ -— -
205
176
2 .1 8 _
2. 17
T ool and die m a k e r s __________ _________ _
M a n u factu rin g_____________________ . . .
1.885
1,883
-
2
2
.
-
.
_
-
-
.
7
7
.
-
.
-
-
7
7
_
.
-
.
-
-
2 .41
2 .41
Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
Excludes limited-price variety stores.
5 Workers were distributed as follows: 2 at $3. 10; 101 at $3.20.
4 Workers were distributed as follows: 3 at $2.90 to $3; 18 at $3. 10 to $3.20,
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
F in a n c e ,
in s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e .
-
4
4
2. 18
2. 18
-
*
533
529
♦
$
$
$
t
$
1
s
$
$
$
1
t
%
$
t
1. 75 1. 80 1. 85 1.90 1.95 2 .0 0 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90
and
h 75 1,89 1, 85 1. 90 1.95 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 o v e r
10
1
9
.
M illw righ ts ----------------------------------- -------M a n u factu rin g______________ ______
P iiK lip
s
1.70
}5
15
-
_
-
s
1.50
$
1.40
1
13
13
13
4
4
-
13
11
6
5
38
38
-
6
1
1
-
-
10
10
-
59
59
29
29
55
51
24
24
23
23
40
40
5
5
35
35
35
35
9
9
12
12
42
8
2
6
66
5
61
24
22
2
12
9
3
9
8
6
56
26
30
10
58
44
14
103
93
10
2
1
134
101
33
31
2
12
5
7
7
8
41
2
39
38
1
58
58
21
21
35
28
7
7
264
243
21
18
72
62
10
51
51
l
42
•
_
„
_
_
,
41
6
61
-
3
1
-
8
8
3
3
19
19
2
2
1
.
8
6
38
38
1
2
.
-
1
_
.
-
-
41
40
1
1
-
198
196
2
2
-
68
44
24
23
10
10
4
-
11
-
1
1
10
-
-
i
16
7
8
5
1
1
2
2
_
l
-
-
-
5
5
6
6
16
14
26
15
88
85
13
13
5
16
16
13
12
9
2
13
13
25
25
47
47
37
2
88
88
73
71
128
128
443
443
389
389
435
435
84
84
9
9
37
7
.
2
2
7
C
2
2
2
2
-
.
-
1
_
12
12
7
-
7
»
-
}
-
.
-
1
1
8
32
- ------ T — TF*
_
-
-
_
26
24
.
2
4
4
5
-
-
1
-
-
77
-
_
77
5
35
35
Table A~4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area basis
in Philadelphia, P a ., by industry division, November 1954)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Occupation and industry division
Guards
Manufacturing _______
Nonmanufacturing ____
Financ e * * ___ ___ _
Number
Average
workers
earnings
1.62
1.71
1.33
1.30
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(m e n )___
Manufactur ing
Nonmanufactur ing
Public utilities*
Wholesale trade___
Retail trade1 ______
Finance**__ _____
Services__________
6 .5 2 5
3 ,5 i 9
2 ,9 8 6
548
202
929
670
637
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
(women)_________ ______ ____
Manufacturing___ ___,___ ___
Nonmanufacturing_________
Public u tilitie s*__„_____
Retail trade 3_____ ___ __
Finance**__:________ :___
Services
__ ______ __
$
$
1 .0 5 1.10
s
1.00 1.05
1 .1 0 1.15
1.20 1 .25
t
*1.25 1 .30 $1.35 1.40 $1.45 *1.50 81.55 *1.60 *1.65 *1.70 1.75
1.30 1.35
1 .40 1.45
1.50 1 .55
6
6
6
1.60 1.65
21
8
13
12
31
_
31
31
58
15
43
43
48
_
48
48
61
1
60
52
40
10
30
30
31
16
15
15
59
36
23
23
143
79
64
45
196
67
.129
10
14
32
13
60
341
42
299
20
2
42
22
213
112
39
73
7
11
35
19
1
427
86
341
15
_
235
75
16
470
38
412
19
20
71
273
29
292
131
161
12
7
63
55
24
327
169
218
31
3
92
89
3
1165
997
188
31
28
68
58
3
-
104
40
64
64
163
135
28
12
3
3
_
-
44
30
14
-
8
_
16
_
8
221 1676
126 T T 5 T
540
95
7
4
35
7
525
56
31
16
15
_
2
13
719
d 52
67
4
10
53
29
21
8
2
6
65
41
24
14
9
5
5
5
1.70 1.75 1.80
s
$
1 .80 1.85
$
t
1.90 2 .0 0
$
$
2. 10 2 .2 0
and
1 .8 5 1.90
2 .0 0 2. 10
2 .2 0
141
134
7
7
47
22
25
25
89
78
11
11
118
116
2
2
311
291
20
20
220
201
19
30
590
21 ~ ~ 5 W
51
9
17
25
9
_
6
.
3
410
271
139
83
25
31
-
568
410
158
149
1
_
8
107
96
11
5
_
6
-
142
125
17
12
4
1
_
122
85
37
29
_
2
6
225
113
112
108
2
2
6
6
_
_
58
40
18
18
5
5
-
9
9
7
7
*
-
_
-
3
2
1
1
755 2581
57 d 1104
177 1477
513
76
131
28
73
833
737
557
180
4
154
22
431
287
144
14
109
21
289
211
78
6
64
8
132
53
79
1
75
3
241
202
39
24
11
4
446
264
63
201
131
70
375
146
229
175
54
63
24
39
18
21
275
136
139
34
105
383
56
327
57
22
47
39
8
6
79
*
79
56
21
60
58
2
2
235
206
29
28
1
352
351
1
1
195
1$2
43
42
1
95
65
30
28
2
113
105
8
.
8
43
43
-
2
2
_
36
26
10
10
-
33
32
1
_
1
36
30
6
5
50
50
-
7
7
-
13
7
6
2
2
-
_
-
3
3
-
-
38
33
5
5
23
.
23
_
23
34
24
10
6
4
64
41
23
86
34
15
19
6
13
41
37
4
4
-
6?
77
65
2
39
35
4
-
-
-
14
6
8
34
14
49
48
39
35
4
53
51
1
, 11
19
8
45
20
_
-
-
-
1.36
1.45
1.25
1.56
1.28
1.19
1.27
1 .04
120
33
87
_
47
40
53
22
31
-
243
36
207
_
6
25
29
117
6
55
183
374
27
226
156
148
- •
_
14
7
2
76
8
29
139
29
3 .5 0 5
6& 1
2 ,8 4 4
175
316
1,801
463
1.07
1.27
1.02
1.33
.96
1.03
.* 4
149
id
131
31
30
43
111
10
101
7
31
56
-
347
47
200
66
48
84
464
33
431
4
125
30
250
1460
14
1446
45
1301
84
189
52
137
4
4
127
2
62
35
27
4
1
22
217
*4
163
4
1
154
65
42
23
11
11
1
58
11
47
46
1
-
81
68
13
11.526
7 ,2 8 9
4 ,2 3 7
688
i , 448
2 ,0 6 6
1.55
1.58
1.49
1.66
1.49
1 .44
?5
9
86
_
.
86
122
62
60
66
44
22
_
12
10
135
45
90
206
72
134
_
60
193
76
117
_
56
43
27
63
79
55
262
209
53
18
35
338
151
187
.
165
17
199
145
54
9
16
29
165
133
32
_
2
21
244
72
172
.
150
22
6
6
,
40
19
21
_
21
43
23
20
16
4
52
23
29
20
99
18
81
54
21
79
25
54
50
4
140
40
100
80
20
57
57
56
1
20
12
8
5
3
74
7
67
40
27
27
27
27
74
18
56
39
17
81
36
36
26
10
19
5
14
6
8
19
15
*
4
22
9
13
6
7
18
_
18
7
11
64
3
61
29
32
143
56
87
62
25
19
_
19
5
14
34
15
19
11
8
97
13
84
50
34
23
23
19
4
67
11
56
15
41
162
150
12
12
14
14
-
34
32
2
2
29
41
15
26
14
59
24
35
7
3$
35
35
35
7
7
7
12
7
5
5
11
-
24
16
8
8
111
73
38
38
_
-
11
22
12
10
10
33
3
30
14
16
17
17
7
9
13
2
11
-
18
2
16
7
39
19
20
-
95
10
8
20
12
7
5
5
4
4
8
13
7
2
7
37
16
1
6
2
21
2 .5 8 1
811
1,770
898
558
1.57—
1.59
1.57
1.48
1.53
Packers, shipping (men)
Manufacturing____ _
Nonmanufacturing __
Wholesale t r a d e _
Retail trade 3_____
1 ,9 1 0
1,376
534
318
216
1.53
1.62
1.30
1.34
1.23
... 679
293
386
311
1.22
1 .4 3
1.07
1.07
Receiving clerks ____ __ ___
Manufacturing _______ ___
Nonmanufacturing
__ «...
Wholesale trade ______
Retail trade3_________
952
557
395
98
253
1.65
1.79
1.45
1.57
1.39
Shipping c le r k s _____
Manufactur ing
Nonmanufacturing
657
524
133
1.78
1.81
1.65
-
_
)0
10
„
_
57
57
4 57
29
29
-
W
14
72
60
5
3
_
3
-
-
5
_
3
11
12
_
.
_
-
-
■
**
_
.
"
“
.
-
7
.
7
_
12
1
36
20
12
12
_
_
...
-
U
See footnotes at end o f ta b le.
* T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities
** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l esta te .
$
1. 15 1 .20
_
Order f i l l e r s __ __ __ _______
Manufacturing '__ .__ ,__
Nonmanufacturing ________
Wholesale tr a d e ___ __ _
Retail trade 3___________
Packers, shipping (women) _________
Manufacturing ------------------Nonmanufactur i n g _____ ______ ___
Retail trade 3__________________
$
$
0 .9 5 , 1.00
over
$
1.7 6 5
1,332
433
382
Laborers, material handling ........
Manufacturing ______ _________
Nonmanufactur in g _____________
Public u tilitie s*___________
Wholesale t r a d e ________ ___
Retail trade 5___ __;__________
$
Undei 8 .8 5 0 .9 0
and
1 85 under
.90
.95
1
_
1
4
3
1
n
99
18
81
-
20
75
*
63
1067
t s f
299
8
275
14
12
10
53
33
33
96
77
19
54
54
oi
29
20
9
n
21
1
109
98
11
7
45
18
16
31
14
16
16
23
23
164
164
_
24
24
_
„
„
-
-
-
-
-
1
23
_ — rr
1
i
»
_
_
1
_
1
_
>
-
12
-
2
4
4
„
_
„
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
153
~“ n r
17
17
.
8
-
22
~t
15
1
14
~
_
_
8
_
-
87
86
1
1
83
79
4
24
.
24
10
4
71
18
53
15
2
5 56
5 T5T”
_
_
-
-
_
_
-
5
2
3
38
34
4
.
2
1
1
-
12
11
. 59
44
15
1
O ccupation al Wage Survey, P hiladelphia, P a . , N o v e m b e r 1954
U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s
10
Table A-4:
Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued
(A vera g e hou rly ea rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c te d occu p ation s 2 studied on an a rea b a sis
in P hilad elp h ia, P a . , b y industry d iv isio n , N ovem ber 1954)
Number
of
workers
Average
hourly
earnings
294
. 169
125
$
1.78
1.78
1.79
575
143
1.72
1 .83
W holesale trade ____________________
R etail tr a d e 3 _______ __ __
2 .7 7 4
1, 150
1 ,624
636
746
240
T ru ck d riv e r s, heavy (ov er 4 tons,
tra ile r typ e)_ __
____________ _• _ _
Mann far tii ring
Nr»n manti far tn ring
W holesale trade __________________
R etail trade 3 ________________________
Occupation and industry d ivision
Shipping and re ceiv in g c l e r k s ___________
M a n u factu rin g__________ _______________
N onm anufacturing _____ __ ____ ___
$
$
Under 0 .8 5 0 .9 0 0 .9 5
and
$
under
0 .8 5
.9 0
.9 5 1.00
19
-
3
3
6
6
-
1
1
-
5
1
4
-
_
3
6
-
-
-
-
4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
8
7
1
1
-
-
-
-
15
-
130
127
3
-
„
_
-
-
*
-
*
_
_
T ru ck e rs , power (fo rk lift)
M anufacturing ________________________
Nonmanufacturing _____________________
P ublic u tilities’*' ___________________
Retail traiip 3
1.623
1 ,1 9 *
428
226
130
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.76
1.71
347
344
1.68
1.68
2 .0 4 8
1,139
909
27 5
129
270
145
1.33
1.42
1.23
1.32
1.03
1.32
1.20
_
13
-
-
W holesale trade ____________________
Retail trade ^
_
10
-
-
1.87
2 .0 1
1 .84
1.79
1! 95
1.75
W h o le s a le t r a d e
13
5
-
2 .0 2 2
441
1,581
732
526
323
R etail trade 3 _
^
F in a n c e * * ________________________ _
10
5
-
2 .01
1.95
2 .0 2
2 . 12
1.77
W a t c h m e n ________________________________
M anufacturing _ _
.r „
Nonm anufacturing _
______
P u b lic u t i l i t i e s * ____ ___ _____________
-
2
-
1.437
255
1, 182
*839
173
M a n n fa r tn r in g
-
4
-
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
*
-
_
>
-
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
4
4
4
4
-
-
-
4
15
4
10
_
10
_
_
-
1 44
9
-
6
158
18
140
98
28
2
12
23
3
20
107
80
27
_
-
-
21
3
3
4
15
12
1
9
56
15
41
E xcludes p rem ium pay for ov ertim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olid a ys, and late sh ifts.
Data lim ited to m en w ork ers excep t when oth erw ise indicated.
E xcludes lim ited > p rice va riety s to r e s .
W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 3 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 .8 0 ; 54 at $ 0 .8 0 to $ 0 .8 5 .
W ork ers w ere distrib u ted as follow s: 25 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 ; 412 at $ 2 .3 0 to $ 2 .4 0 .
W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 133 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 ; 22 at m o re than $ 2 . 30.
W ork ers w ere d istrib u ted as fo llo w s: 151 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2 .3 0 ; 23 at $ 2 .3 0 to $ 2 .4 0 .
W orkers w ere distrib u ted as fo llo w s: 44 at $ 0 .7 5 to $ 0 .8 0 .
T ransportation (exclu din g ra ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s.
* Finance, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te.
_
53
24
29
27
132
*9
73
180
129
51
-
_
4
49
9
_
_
2
-
43
8
104
33
71
-
2
16
53
85
56
29
_
_
9
20
1 .65 1.70
1 .7 5 1.80
17
13
4
5
4
1
39
24
15
7
7
-
12
9
3
3
3
-
12
7
-
15
7
10
9
7
7
373
22
8
8
3
3
-
23
9
14
13
-
30
36
-
31
3i
-
51
47
4
7
-
14
-
-
-
4
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
6
6
-
-
2?
23
6
1
5
137
122
15
55
55
-
240
204
36
100
100
-
_
-
3
114
15
99
1.55 1 .60
6
5
1
6
5
1.87
1 .9 3
1.83
1 79
1.88
1.79
1.45 r .5 o
9
5
4
-
_
1.35 1.40
*
-
_
-
1.25 1 .30
2
2
-
-
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$
s
$
*
s
$
$
$
$
1
S
S
$
$
s
1 .20 1 .25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1 .55 *1.60 V 6 5
1.70 1 .7 5 1 .8 0 1.85 1.90 2 .0 0 2. 10 2 .2 0
and
4
4
8
$
-
-
T ru ck e rs , power (other than
f o r k l i f t ) _________________________________
1.15 1.20
-
_
T ru ck d riv e r s, heavy (over 4 tons
other than tra ile r t y p e ) _________________
__ _ __
Manufacturing _
Nonmanufacturing _______ ___________ _
1.05 1 .1 0
-
-
T ru ck d riv e rs, m edium ( i 1/* to and
including 4 tons) ________________________
Manufacturing _____ _ ___ _
Nonmanufactur ing ____________________
$
$
1.10 1 .15
-
-
T ru ck d river s, light (under lV»
tons)
_ __ _
_
_
_ _
Manufacturing _________ _
$
$
1.00 1 .0 5
34
2 .0 0 2. 10 2 .2 0
25
24
1
34
29
5
16
4
12
24
18
6
10
5
5
'
5
4
21
19
9
7
9
9
6
6
31
31
1208
356
852
543
285
24
111
81
30
239
122
117
33
60
24
81
19
62
47
15
-
541
394
147
12
135
-
17
17
-
_
30
403
27
376
1
245
130
640
114
526
211
145
54
22
32
32
-
38
5
33
5
28
20
9
11
11
-
22
21
1
1
-
148
56
15
41
41
1238
48
1190
606
261
323
120
70
50
10
40
45
44
1
1
54
22
32
17
15
20
1
19
7
12
97 349
50 4 155
47
194
20
28
19 7 174
116
102
14
153
85
68
18
50
61
61
-
62
52
10
10
71
64
7
_
18
18
_
25
25
_
14
428
180
248
198
14
9
9
_
-
2
46
45
-
38
38
13
13
55
55
23
23
88
88
25
25
2
2
24
24
22
22
_
141
110
31
1
4
25
242
1%
46
4
36
74
67
7
132
22
110
56
10
40
108
100
8
7
1
73
59
16
19
11
8
75
75
14
9
5
-
_
63
56
7
4
2
1
1
.
46
2
44
42
1
1
3
2
_
3
1
_
33
8
-
36
36
_
-
_
7
~
4
-
8
over
73
14
. 59
_
15
1 .85 1.90
7
1
_
-
-
515
78
142 437
142 *437
-
1
1
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
1
-
_
11
B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l: Shift Differential P ro v isio n s'
P ercen t o f m anufacturing plant w o rk e rs -----(a )
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g
fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r —
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l
S e c o n d s h ift
w ork
T o ta l
1 4 .8
4 .5
________________________ ________________
7 5 .8
7 5 .3
1 3 .4
4 .5
3 3 .9
3 0 .6
6 .2
2 .4
. 1
A
2.3
1 .2
. 1
.8
-
-
c e n t s ________ ____ ____________ __ ______________ _________ _
c e n ts
„r , IT,TTJ.
.
... .......... .
c e n ts _ _
_____
__ ___________________ _ ____
c e n ts
... ______ __________ . ___ _
___ _ _
c e n t s ___ _______________________________________ _________________
l l( z
c e n t s ___
,........ ......
10
r p n t s
12 o r I 2 V2
O v e r 12 72
__________________
__
______ __
........... ..........................
c e n ts
c e n t s ______
U n ifo r m p e r c e n ta g e
_______
..
__________ ___
. . . . .
.
____
. .
.............................
_
_ __ ------------. ___________ . . . . . .
______________________________________________
percen t
__
______
_____ __ ______
_ _____
_ _
o r 7 V2 p e r c e n t ______________________________________
10 p e r c e n t . ____________
. . .
. ___ . _ . .
____
15 p e r c e n t
5
7, 774
F u l l d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s ____________________________
F u l l d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s p lu s c e n t s
o r p e r c e n t a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l ____________________________________
P e r c e n t o f b a s e r a t e , l e s s u n i f o r m c e n t s _________________
N o s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l
T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift
7 7 .2
______
3
4
5
6
7
________
on—
8 2 .2
______
U n ifo r m c e n ts (p e r h o u r)
8 c e n ts
9 c e n ts
S e c o n d s h ift
(b )
w o r k in g
____________________
_______________________
W it h s h i ft p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l
T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift w o r k
A c tu a lly
.2
.3
11.3
6 .0
.8
4 .7
.4
_
-
.9
2.4
2.9
.4
1 .5
.6
2. 1
15.8
5 .0
2.3
37. 1
3 5 .6
6 . 8
6 .0
7 .4
2 3 .7
-
1.0
.2
. 5
-
.2
. 1
.2
.2
.2
.8
.7
A
5 .9
.6
1. 1
1 .2
3.6
_
-
1 .0
9 .0
23.8
1 .8
-
-
-
1 .0
-
.2
1 .5
3 .3
4 .9
3 .3
.4
1 .0
6 .4
1 .9
1 .4
.2
. 5
. 5
.7
A
1 Shift d ifferen tia l data are presen ted in te r m s o f (a) establishm ent p o licy , and (b) w o rk e ts actually em p loyed on late
shifts at the tim e o f the survey. An establishm ent was co n sid e re d as having a p olicy if it m et either o f the follow ing co n d i
tion s: (1) O perated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had form a l p rov ision s cov erin g late shifts.
A L e s s than 0 .0 5 percen t.
O c c u p a tio n a l W age S u r v e y , P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , N o v e m b e r 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta tis t ic s
12
Table B-2* Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers '
N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c i f i e d m in im u m h ir in g ra te in —
N u m b e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c i fi e d m in im u m h ir in g ra te in —
E sta b lis h m e n ts s t u d i e d ____________
B a s e d on s ta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u rs 2 o f—
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
317
A ll
s c h e d u le s
37 ‘ /»
139
XXX
40
XXX
A ll
s c h e d u le s
3 7 l/t
178
XXX
171
9
16
31
28
40
13
15
7
9
2
1
85
2
1
10
14
23
7
13
5
7
2
1
E sta b lis h m e n ts h avin g no
s p e c i f i e d m in im u m ________ _____
73
30
E sta b lis h m e n ts w h ich d id n ot
e m p l o y w o r k e r s in this
c a t e g o r y . . . __________ _____________
72
24
D ata not a v a i l a b l e _______ __________
1
14
1
3
1
5
1
3
-
-
56
2
3
9
14
5
9
5
7
2
-
B a s e d on s ta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 2 o f —
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
40
xxx
317
F O R IN E>IP E R IE N C E lD T Y P IS T S
E sta b lis h m e n ts ha vin g a
s p e c ifie d m in im u m ______________
$ 3 0 , 00 and u n d er $ 32. 50 _____
$ 3 2 . 50 and u n d er $ 3 5 ,0 0 _____
$ 3 5 . 00 and un d er $ 3 7 . 50 _____
$ 3 7 . 5 0 and u n d er $ 4 0 . 00 ___
$ 4 0 . 0 0 and un d er $ 4 2 . 50 _____
$ 4 2 . 5 0 and un der $ 4 5 . 00
$ 4 5 . 0 0 and un der $ 4 7 . 50 _____
$ 4 7 . 5 0 and un d er $ 5 0 .0 0
$ 5 0 . 0 0 and un d er $ 52. 50 _____
$ 5 2 . 50 and un d er $ 5 5 .0 0 _____
$ 5 5 . 0 0 and un der $ 5 7 . 50 _____
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
M a n u fa c tu rin g
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g
M anuf a c t ur in g
M inim um ra te
(w e e k ly s a la ry )
A ll
s c h e d u le s
37*/a
139
XXX
40
A ll
s c h e d u le s
37‘/i
178
XXX
xxx
F O R O T II E R IN E X P 1S R IE N C E D C: l
86
7
15
21
14
17
6
2
2
2
-
20
2
1
6
5
3
1
1
1
-
34
3
5
6
4
12
2
1
1
-
86
3
1
16
14
21
7
10
4
8
2
-
16
1
1
5
1
4
1
3
-
54
2
_
5
10
13
5
6
-
189
22
14
42
28
38
15
12
6
9
3
-
xxx
xxx
81
35
xxx
18
XXX
XXX
43
XXX
XXX
48
XXX
xxx
46
XXX
XXX
1
xxx
xxx
1
e r ic a l
40
xxx
\V O R K E R S
7
2
-
103
19
13
26
14
17
8
2
2
1
1
-
20
3
1
7
3
3
2
1
-
47
9
3
12
5
12
2
1
2
1
xxx
46
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
28
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
1
xxx
xxx
4
-
1 L o w e s t s a la r y ra te f o r m a ll y e s t a b lis h e d f o r h ir in g in e x p e r ie n c e d w o r k e r s f o r typ ing o r o th e r c l e r i c a l j o b s .
2 H ours r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k fo r w h ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a l a r i e s . D ata a r e p re s e n te d f o r a ll w o r k w e e k s c o m b in e d , and f o r the m o s t c o m m o n w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d .
O c c u p a tio n a l W ag e S u r v e y , P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , N o v e m b e r 1954
U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s
13
Table B-3*. Frequency of Wage Payment
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Frequency o f payment
A ll w ork ers
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
W eekly.............................. - ..................................... ......
B iw e e k ly _______
—
__
_________ _
S em im onthly___________________________________
Monthly _ — ----------—----------- ---- -----------------—
1
a
5
♦
**
A
All
i
industries
Manufacturing
100
100
74
11
14
A
59
19
19
3
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade z
100
100
100
85
12
4
61
20
19
99
Public .
utilities *
-
A
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED I N All
3
industries
Manufacturing
Public *
utilities
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade z
Services
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
18
42
35
5
99
A
A
100
99
A
A
83
13
4
100
98
A
A
Finance * *
Services
w
.. -
-
-
Includes data fo r serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
L ess than 2. 5 percent.
Table B-4:
Scheduled Weekly Hours
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Weekly hours
All
industries
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade1
2
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance * *
Services
AU
3
industries
Manufacturing
Public ^
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade2
Services
100
100
100
5
3
3
4
A
i
A ll w orkers
— _______________________ ___
Under 35 hours — -------------- - _ ___ ___
_
35 hours
_________ ________ — _____ ______
Over 35 and under 37V * hours
__ _________ _
3 77a h o u r s __________
__ __________________
Over 377a and under 40 hours ________________
40 hours ___________________________ ____________
Over 40 and under 44 h o u r s ____ -______________
44 hours
— __________________ _____ ________
O ver 44 hours -------- --- _ ____________ _______ _
100
A
10
11
25
11
41
A
A
A
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
6
3
11
A
57
29
.
3
3
18
10
65
»
-
3
A
10
7
78
23
22
30
8
10
_
_
A
7
30
19
A
A
A
6
A
A
A
7
6
A
A
6
21
18
51
.
.
A
A
A
36
85
86
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
100
_
A
4
_
99
_
_
A
99
A
A
77
51
6
28
4
9
6
_
1
Data relate to women w orkers only.
2 E xcludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
* Includes data fo r rea l estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
*
Estimate d iffers substantially from that in previous studies, due to the exclusion of taxicab com panies from the scope o f areawide studies (see scope table, page 2, footnote 4).
* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, Pa. , Novem ber 1954
A L ess than 2. 5 percent.
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
14
Table B-5*. Paid Holiday Provisions 12
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Item
A ll workers
_________ _______
___ ____
__
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
100
100
100
100
A
29
45
20
A
3
A
_
100
12
6
40
8
31
A
-
100
15
52
23
9
A
_
-
-
-
52
38
11
59
37
16
A
3
-
6
-
All
industries
Manufacturing
100
100
100
A
23
27
16
4
5
A
4
18
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Services
AH 2
industries
Manufacturing
100
100
100
100
100
A
78
18
3
_
100
A
5
5
5
A
5
13
63
100
45
25
5
25
-
97
3
41
35
14
A
3
A
-
-
-
-
57
39
12
51
41
9
80
68
11
35
29
5
6
-
A
-
A
-
A
-
Public
utilities *
Finance * *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
Servioee
100
100
100
100
98
A
37
42
16
A
_
_
100
_
39
14
20
3
21
4
_
93
7
22
32
22
9
A
_
_
_
98
14
60
21
3
_
_
_
_
86
6
70
4
4
_
_
A
_
3
A
-
7
A
14
28
22
7
83
28
53
89
29
60
72
23
43
56
23
33
75
39
31
53
5
42
-
A
A
A
A
-
6
-
-
3
A
A
6
Public .
utilities*
Number of paid holidays
W orkers in establishments providing paid
holidays _ _ _
Under 6 days ..._____ ______________ _____ _ ___
6 days _________ _____ ______ _____ _
............................. .
7 days
8 d a y s _____
_
_
_ _
9 days _______________________________________
10 days ____ ______ ___ _ ____
11 days ________________________ _____ ________
12 days ______________________________________
13 days
__
_ ________ __
W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid
holidays ______________________________________
Provisions for holidays occurring
on nonwork days *
With provisions for holidays falling on
Saturday
Another day off with pay _____________ ______ _
Extra day's pay
_ .
. _.
Option o f another day off or extra
day's pay _ _________ _ __
_____ _
P rovisions differ for various holidays _____
Other provisions __________________ ___________
Saturday is a scheduled workday for all
w orkers
. _ _______
No provision (or no pay) for holidays
falling on Saturday____________________________
With provisions for holidays falling on
Sunday _
_
Another day off with pay ____________________
Extra day's pay ______________________________
Option of another day off or extra
day's pay ___________
___
_ __
P rovisions differ for various h o lid a y s __ __
Other provisions ____________ __________ _____
Sunday is a scheduled workday for all
workers
._ _
_ .......
No provisions (or no pay) for holidays
failing on Sunday ________
With provisions for holidays falling
during vacation
, r............
Another day off with pay _____________ _ __
Extra day's p a y ________ _____ ______________ _
Option of another day off or extra
day's p a y ___ ______ ________________________
Provisions differ for various holidays _____
Other provisions ____________________________
No provisions (or no pay) for holidays
failing during vacation ___
_____ _
A
_
-
-
-
-
3
A
.
-
_
_
4
48
41
43
49
20
65
69
15
9
28
37
24
30
99
96
4
99
93
7
100
100
-
99
99
-
99
98
A
100
96
4
99
98
A
92
84
8
97
90
7
86
80
6
93
85
8
86
71
12
67
52
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
A
-
-
-
A
A
_
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
A
A
-
A
A
-
A
5
A
14
-
14
19
89
77
92
70
6
98
89
97
86
3
89
88
A
82
77
4
84
74
88
38
36
96
59
32
89
70
3
75
65
5
85
44
29
5
49
17
18
16
-
A
-
7
A
.
_
A
_
_
A
_
A
3
11
A
14
_
A
3
16
_
4
_
_
4
_
10
11
8
A
3
11
18
16
12
10
4
4
25
38
5
7
9
1 Estimates include only full-day holidays provided annually.
2 Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
Lim ited to p rovisions in establishm ents having a form al policy applying whenholidays occu r on nonwork days; som e o f the estimates would be slightly higher if p ra ctice s determ ined inform ally as
the situation occu rs were included.
A L ess than 2 .5 percen t.
Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, P a ., Novem ber 1954
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Bureau o f Labor Statistics
15
Table B-6:
Ppid Vacations
PERCENT OP OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Vacation policy
All
industries
----
All w orkers
Manufacturing
Public
utilities 4
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade1
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
Finance **
Services
*11 ,
industries 2
Manufacturing
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade1
Services
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
99
A
100
98
A
_
100
100
_
100
100
-
100
100
-
99
99
-
100
95
5
99
73
24
A
A
100
62
35
A
A
100
100
_
86
86
_
100
100
_
100
76
A
-
A
-
-
14
A
71
4
24
-
A
72
5
23
-
_
20
5
75
-
56
A
43
-
.
56
_
30
-
_
_
.
37
3
45
_
-
36
A
62
-
43
23
34
_
-
METHOD OF PAYMENT
W orkers in establishm ents
providing paid v a c a t i o n s ___ ________________
L en g th -of-tim e payment
Percentage paym’ent
F lat-sum p a y m e n t_____________ ___________
Other
..
. ____
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations
-
A
A
-
-
*
A
83
-
_
13
A
87
-
_
21
_
78
A
_
76
_
24
-
4
4
92
-
_
5
3
92
-
_
_
_
_
A
_
98
_
-
6
93
A
-
12
A
87
„
8
5
70
17
-
A
44
20
35
A
A
47
27
25
-
A
_
97
A
“
-
_
39
_
60
A
_
3
_
96
A
-
_
A
_
99
_
-
_
_
7
5
71
17
-
A
32
25
43
-
_
_
_
98
A
-
A
29
18
52
_
A
_
A
_
99
_
-
30
_
70
_
A
22
3
60
14
A
85
_
-
A
A
A
91
A
A
A
A
A
A
92
A
3
A
-
23
-
AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY
A fter 1 year o f service
L e s s than 1 week
_
. .
1 week
___
. ... .... _.. . _.
__
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ____________________
2 weeks
. ___
__
_ ....
. „.
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s _____ ___ __ ________
.
19
A
80
A
17
_
_
80
_
20
-
71
23
6
-
A fter 2 yea rs o f service
L es s than 1 week
1 week
.
Over 1 and under
2 weeks -------Over 2 and under
3 weeks ...
...
.
2 weeks
_ _
3 weeks
.
_
_ _
^
..... _
4
A
93
A
-
_
_
...............................
_
____
.
T .
A
A
95
A
• -
4
3
93
_
-
.
..
_. _
... _
-
-
A fter 3 yea rs o f service
L ess than 1 week
1 week
Over 1 and under
2 weeks
_ ___
Over 2 and under
3 weeks
... .
_
2 weeks
3 weeks ----.
.... . ....
-
_
32
27
41
-
After 5 yea rs o f service
L es s than 1 week
1 week _
...
Over 1 and under
2 weeks
. ...
Over 2 and under
3 weeks
Over 3 and under
... _
2 weeks
----_
~.
3 weeks _
.
_ ---- . . . . . . .
4 weeks
__ _
— — ---_ ...
_
_
A
A
89
5
5
A
A
85
6
8
_
_
_
,
_
_
-
-
.
99
_
A
See footnotes at end of table.
* Transportation (excluding railroads),com m unication, and other public utilities
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
.
97
A
A
_
93
_
7
-
90
6
3
_
4
5
72
17
3
_
_
_
-
_
_
.
22
27
51
-
-
_
99
86
95
_
_
_
_
A
-
5
A
Occupational Wage Survey, Philadelphia, P a ., November 1954
U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau o f Labor Statistics
NOTE: In the tabulations o f vacation allow ances by years of s e rv ice , payments other than "length o f tim e, "
such as percentage o f annual earnings or flat-sum payments, w ere converted to an equivalent time
b asis; fo r exam ple, a payment o f 2 percent o f annual earnings was con sidered as 1 week*s pay.
16
Paid Vacations - Continued
Table B-6
PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N -
Vacation p olicy
All w orkers
All
Industries
_______ ___
AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY
-
Manufacturing
Public
utilities*
Wholesale
trade
Retail trade
1
PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN—
All
,
industries 2
Public
utilities *
Wholesale
trade
Finance**
Servioes
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
9
49
3
76
3
17
A
60
A
39
A
78
61
49
51
_
_
_
8
-
4
72
A
21
A
39
-
A
-
52
_
48
_
-
49
47
_
4
_
-
100
100
100
100
100
100
A
72
3
25
A
67
A
31
82
A
18
82
A
17
65
76
10
14
-
-
-
-
Manufacturing
Retail trade1
Services
Continued
After 10 years of service
Under 2 weeks. ___ _
_
_____
2 weeks
__ ___
____
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ___________________
3 weeks
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
Over 3 and under 4 weeks _______ _______ __ _____
_
35
“
-
43
-
-
After 15 years of serv ice
Under 2 weeks _ __
__
.
2 w eeks
_ .....
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ____________________
3 weeks
_
_
_
T
.r ^
________
Over 3 and under 4 weeks _____—
4 weeks and o v e r
...... _ .....
_ ...
_ . ...
A
25
A
74
A
A
A
17
A
82
_
A
A
17
A
78
A
4
A
15
A
84
_
A
A
16
A
60
A
23
A
15
A
78
30
_
70
A
-
28
_
72
_
-
35
3
62
_
-
9
48
_
43
_
-
4
33
3
59
A
-
3
30
4
63
A
-
17
_
83
A
"
47
_
39
22
_
67
17
3
72
9
22
_
69
17
.
8
-
61
3
-
83
A
-
39
_
47
_
-
41
4
11
4
31
3
59
A
A
3
30
-
30
_
70
A
-
8
30
18
16
A
38
4
28
3
54
A
9
3
28
4
59
3
5
17
39
32
49
37
35
34
14
_
_
_
12
34
"
8
-
92
-
-
_
-
After 20 yea rs of service
Under 2 weeks _
_
__
......r.....n
2 weeks
__ _____
. ___ ._ .......
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
3 weeks
_
......
_
. . . __
Over 3 and under 4 weeks ...
4 weeks and o v e r ------------- -------------- ------------------
8
_
92
-
-
-
52
_
7
49
43
_
8
-
After 25 years o f service
Under 2 weeks _
.
.............. .....
2 weeks
... _ . ....... . ....
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
__
3 weeks
__ _ __
___
.rr __
Over 3 and under 4 weeks
4 weeks and o v e r _________________ _____________
_
85
_
-
6
7
-
50
A
20
* Excludes lim ited -p rice variety stores.
Includes data for real ektate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.
A L ess than 2 .5 percen t.
* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities.
** Finance, insurance, and real estate.
-
26
_
-
56
44
9
21
-
71
-
-
75
A
8
-
_
APPENDIX:
JOB
DESCRIPTIONS
17
The p rim a ry purpose of p rep arin g job d escrip tion s fo r the B u rea u ^ wage su rveys is to
a s s is t its field staff in cla ssify in g into a ppropriate occupations w ork ers who a re em ployed under
a v a riety of p a y roll titles and d ifferen t w ork arrangem ents fro m establishm ent to establishm ent
and fro m area to area.
This is essen tial in o rd e r to p erm it the grouping of occupational wage
rates represen tin g com parable job content.
B ecau se of this em phasis on inter establishm ent and
in tera rea com parability o f occupational content, the Bureau*s jo b d escrip tion s m ay d iffe r s ig n ifi
cantly fro m those in use in individual establishm ents or those p rep ared fo r other p u rp o se s .
In
applying these job d escrip tion s, the B u reau fs fie ld rep resen ta tiv es a re instru cted to exclude w o rk
ing s u p e rv is o rs, a pp ren tices, le a r n e r s , b egin n ers, tra in e e s, handicapped w o rk e rs , p a r t-tim e ,
tem p ora ry , and probation ary w o rk e rs .
Of f i c e
B IL L E R , MACHINE
P r e p a re s statem en ts, b ills , and invoices on a m achine other
than an ord in a ry or e le ctro m a tic typ ew riter. M ay a lso keep re c o r d s
as to b illin gs o r shipping ch a rges or p e rfo rm other c le r ic a l w ork in
cid en tal to b illin g op era tion s.
F or wage study p u rp o se s, b ille r s ,
m a c h in e ,a r e c la s s ifie d by type of m achine, as fo llo w s:
B ille r , m ach ine (billing m achine) - U ses a sp e cia l billin g
m ach ine (M oon H opkins, Ellliott F is h e r, B u rrough s, e t c ., which
a re com bin ation typing and adding m achines) to p rep a re b ills and
in v o ice s fr o m c u s t o m e r s 1 purchase o rd e r s , intern ally p rep a red
o r d e r s , shipping m em orandum , etc. Usually involves application
o f p red eterm in ed discounts and shipping ch a rg es and entry of
n e c e s s a r y ex ten sion s, which m ay or m ay not be com puted on the
b illin g m a ch in e, and totals which a re autom atically accum ulated
b y m a ch in e.
The operation usually involves a la rg e num ber of
ca rb on co p ie s o f the b ill being prep ared and is often done on a
fan fold m a ch in e.
B ille r , m achine (bookkeeping m ach ine) - U ses a bookkeeping
m achine {S u n d s tra n d ,E llio tt F is h e r, Remington Rand, e t c . , which
m ay or m ay not have typ ew riter keyboard) to p rep a re c u s to m e r s 1
b ills as p art of the accounts receiv a b le op era tion .
G en erally
involves the sim ultaneous entry of figures on cu stom ers* led ger
record .
The m ach ine autom atically accum ulates figu res on a
num ber of v e r tic a l colum ns and com putes and u sually prints auto
m a tica lly the debit o r cr e d it balan ces. Does not involve a knowl
edge of bookk eep in g. W orks fro m uniform and standard types of
sales and c r e d it s lip s .
BOOKKEEPING-M ACH INE OPERATOR
O perates a bookkeeping m achine (Rem ington Rand, E lliott
F is h e r , Sundstrand, B u rrou gh s, National Cash R e g iste r , with or with
out a typ ew riter k eyb oard) to keep a r e c o rd of b u siness tra n sa ction s.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATO R - Continued
C lass A - Keeps a set o f r e c o r d s requ irin g a knowledge of
and exp erien ce in b a sic bookkeeping p rin cip le s and fa m ilia rity with
the stru ctu re of the p a rticu la r accounting system used.
D eter
m ines p ro p e r re c o r d s and distribution o f debit and cre d it item s
to be used in each phase o f the w ork . M ay p rep are con solidated
re p o r ts, balance sh eets, and other re c o r d s by hand.
C lass B - Keeps a r e c o r d of one o r m o re phases or section s
of a set oF re c o rd s usually req u irin g little knowledge o f b asic
bookkeeping. P hases or section s include accounts payable, p a y ro ll,
c u s to m e r s 1 accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing d e scrib e d
under b ille r , m ach in e), c o s t distribution , expense distribution,
inven tory c o n tr o l,e tc. May ch eck o r a s s is t in preparation of tria l
balances and p re p a re co n tro l sheets fo r the accounting departm ent.
C LE R K , ACCOUNTING
C lass A - Under general d ire ctio n of a bookkeeper or accou n t
ant, has re sp o n sib ility fo r keeping one o r m o r e section s of a c o m
p lete set of books or re c o r d s relatin g to one phase of an esta b lish
m e n t^ bu sin ess tra n sa ction s. W ork involves posting and balancing
su b sid ia ry led ger or led g ers such as accounts re ce iv a b le or a c
counts payable; exam ining and coding in v oices or vou chers with
p ro p e r accounting distribution ; re q u ire s judgment and exp erien ce
in m aking p ro p e r assignations and a llo ca tio n s.
May a s s is t in
p rep a rin g , adjusting, and clo sin g jou rn al en tries; m ay d ire ct cla ss
B accounting c le r k s .
C lass B - Under su p ervision , p e rfo rm s one o r m ore routine
accounting operations such as posting sim ple journal vou ch ers,
accounts payable v o u ch e rs, entering vou ch ers in voucher r e g is te r s ;
re co n cilin g bank accou n ts; posting su bsid ia ry ledgers con trolled
by gen eral le d g e r s .
This job does not req u ire a knowledge of
accounting and bookkeeping p rin cip le s but is found in o ffice s in
which the m o re routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a fu n c
tional b asis among s e v e ra l w o r k e r s .
18
CLERK, FILE
Class A - R esp on sible fo r m aintaining an establish ed filin g
system . C la ssifie s and indexes co rresp on d en ce o r other m a terial;
m ay a lso file this m a teria l. M ay keep re c o rd s of variou s types
in conjunction with file s or su pervise others in filin g and locatin g
m a terial in the f ile s .
May p e rfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.
Class B - P e r fo r m s routine filin g, u sually of m a teria l that
has already been c la s s ifie d , or loca tes or a ss is ts in locatin g m a te
ria l in the f ile s .
May p e rfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.
CLERK,
KEY-PUN CH OPERATOR
Under general su pervision and with no s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s i
b ilitie s , re co rd s accounting and sta tistica l data on tabulating ca rd s
by punching a s e rie s of holes in the ca rd s in a s p e cifie d sequ en ce,
using an alphabetical o r a n u m erica l k ey-pu n ch m a ch in e, follow in g
w ritten inform ation on r e c o r d s .
M ay duplicate ca rd s by using the
duplicating d evice attached to m ach in e.
Keeps file s of punch c a r d s .
May v e r ify own w ork or w ork of o th ers.
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
ORDER
R eceives c u s to m e r s 1 o rd e r s fo r m a teria l or m erch an d ise by
m ail, phone, or p e rson a lly .
Duties involve any com bination of the
follow in g: Quoting p r ic e s to cu s to m e rs; making out an o rd e r sheet
listing the item s to m ake up the ord e r; checking p r ic e s and quantities
of item s on ord er sheet; distributing o rd e r sheets to re s p e ctiv e d epa rt
ments to be fille d .
M ay ch eck with cr e d it departm ent to determ ine
cre d it rating of cu stom er, acknow ledge re ce ip t of o rd e rs fro m c u s
to m e rs, follow up o rd e r s to see that they have been fille d , keep file
of ord e rs re c e iv e d , and ch eck shipping in v oices with o rigin a l o r d e r s .
CLERK, PA Y R O L L
Computes wages of com pany em ployees and enters the n e c e s
sary data on the p a y roll sh eets. Duties involve: Calculating w o r k e r 's
earnings based on tim e or produ ction r e c o r d s ; posting ca lcu la ted data
on p a y ro ll sheet, showing inform ation such as w o r k e r 's nam e, w o rk
ing days, tim e, ra te, deductions fo r in su ran ce, and total wages due.
May make out pay ch eck s and a s s is t paym aster in making up and d is
tributing pay en velop es.
May use a calcu lating m ach ine.
COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR
P rim a ry duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p e r fo r m m ath e
m atical com putations.
This job is not to be con fu sed with that of
statistical or other type of cle rk , which m ay involve frequent use of
a C om ptom eter but, in which, use of this m achine is incidental to
p erform a n ce of other duties.
"
DUPLICATING-M ACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR D ITTO )
Under general su p ervision and with no s u p e rv is o ry re s p o n
sib ilitie s , rep rod u ces m ultiple cop ies of typew ritten or handwriting
m atter, using a m im eograp h o r ditto m ach ine.
Makes n e ce s s a r y
adjustment such as fo r ink and paper feed counter and cy lin d er speed.
Is not requ ired to p rep a re sten cil or ditto m a ste r. M ay keep file of
used sten cils or ditto m a ste rs .
M ay s o rt, colla te and staple c o m
pleted m a terial.
P e r fo r m s various routine duties such as running erra n d s,
operating m inor o ffice m achines such as s e a le rs o r m a ile r s , opening
and distributing m a il, and other m in or c le r ic a l w ork .
SECRETARY
P e rfo rm s s e cre ta ria l and c le r ic a l duties f o r a s u p e r io r in an
adm in istrative or executive p o sitio n . Duties include m aking appoint
ments fo r su p erior; receiv in g p eop le com in g into o ffic e ; answ erin g
and m aking phone ca lls ; handling p e rs o n a l and im portant o r c o n fi
dential m a il, and w riting routine c o r re s p o n d e n ce on own initiative;
taking dictation (where tran scrib in g m ach ine is not u sed) eith er in
shorthand o r by stenotype or sim ila r m a ch in e, and tra n scrib in g d ic ta
tion o r the re co rd e d inform ation rep ro d u ce d on a tra n scrib in g m a ch in e.
May p re p a re specia l rep orts or m em oran da fo r in form ation of s u p e r io r .
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
P rim a ry duty is to take dictation fr o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s ,
either in shorthand o r by stenotype or s im ila r m ach ine, involving a
n orm al routine vocabu lary, and to* tr a n s cr ib e this dictation on a typ e
w r ite r . M ay a lso type fro m w ritten co p y . M ay a ls o set up and keep
file s in o rd e r , keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc.
D oes not include tran
scrib in g -m a ch in e w ork (see tra n scrib in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to r).
STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL
P rim a ry duty is to take dictation fr o m one o r m o r e p e rs o n s ,
either in shorthand o r by stenotype o r s im ila r m ach ine, involving a
va ried tech n ical or sp ecia lized v o ca b u la ry such as in leg a l b rie fs o r
rep orts on scien tific re s e a rch and to tr a n s cr ib e this d ictation on a
typ ew riter. May a lso type fro m w ritten co p y .
M ay a ls o set up and
keep file s in o rd e r, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc .
Does not include
tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e w ork.
19
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued
Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard.
Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office
calls.
May record toll calls and take messages.
May give infor
mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders.
For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist^
type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran
scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu
lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not
included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype
or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST
In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi
tion or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also
type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This
typing or clerical work may take the major part of thisworker*s time
while at switchboard.
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to
make out bills after calculations have been made by another person.
May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep
ing simple records, filing records and reports or sorting and distrib
uting incoming mail.
Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing
material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy
ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and
varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreign-lan
guage copy; combining material from several sources, or plan
ning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity
and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final
form.
May type routine form letters, varying details to suit
circumstances.
TABU LATING-M A CHINE OPERATOR
Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates
information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans
lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine;
does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or
diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts
machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition,
operate auxiliary machines.
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL
Class B - Performs one or more of the following; Typing
from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms,
insurance policies, etc'.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or
copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.
Prim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal
routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records.
May also
Professional
DRAFTSMAN,
JUNIOR
(Assistant draftsman)
Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts
man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur
poses.
Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May pre
pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties
under direction of a draftsman.
a nd
Technical
DRAFTSMAN,
LEADER
Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in prep
aration of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary
sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Duties involve a combination of the following;
Interpreting blue
prints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work pro
cedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work;
performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during
emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties
of a supervisory or administrative nature.
20
DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued
Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes,
rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu
facturing purposes.
Duties involve a combination of the following:
Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc.,
to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa
tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and
trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to
be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or
changes in drawings or specifications.
May ink in lines and letters
on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or
trace drawings.
Work is frequently in a specialized field such as
architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting.
the premises of a factory or other establishment.
Duties involve a
combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured;
attending to subsequent dressing of employee's injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or
other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations
of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs
involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant
environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and
safety of all personnel.
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing
tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil.
Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools.
May prepare
simple drawings and do simple lettering.
A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured
employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on
Ma i nt e nan c e
TRACER
nd
Powerplant
CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE - Continued
Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and
maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins ,
cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings,
and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of
the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw
ings , models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s
handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments;
making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work;
selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of
the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience
usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train
ing and experience,
conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue
prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag
nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard
computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical
equipment; using a variety of electrician*s handtools and measuring
and testing instruments.
In general, the work of the maintenance
electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating,
distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a
variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers,
switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units,
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation
of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup
ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera
tion, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining
equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, mo
tors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers
and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a
record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump
tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers
in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded.
21
FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER
MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam.
Feeds fuels to fire by hand
or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water
and safety valves.
May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment.
Repairs automobiles, busses, motortrucks, and tractors of
an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Examining
automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling
equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis
assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from
stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the
various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments;
alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts.
In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice
ship or equivalent training and experience.
HELPER,
TRADES, MAINTENANCE
A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance
trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such
as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work
ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding ma
terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour
neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies
from trade to trade; In some trades the helper is confined to sup
plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working
areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine
operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers
on a full-tim e basis.
MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine
lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools,
gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following:
Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing
items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy;
using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds,
speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjustments
during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May
be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools,
and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils.
For
cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, tool
room in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs
of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment.
Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instruc
tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a va
riety of m achinists handtools ‘and precision measuring instruments;
setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal
parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat
ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining;
knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting
standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fit
ting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the
m achinists work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish
ment.
Work involves most of the following: Examining machines
and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling
or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly
involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing
broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the
production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of
the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written
specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered
from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary
adjustments for operation.
In general, the work of a maintenance
mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties
involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay
out are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and
laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications;
using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com
putations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of
gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools,
equipment and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good
order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re
ducers. In general, the m illw rights work normally requires a round
ed training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
OILER
Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing
surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment.
22
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
SH EET-M ETAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an
establishment.
Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface
peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications;
preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing
putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray
gun or brush.
May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint
ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency.
In general, the
work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex
perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe
and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the follow
ing: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from
drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe
to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or
pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe
by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with cou
plings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computa
tions relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making
standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifica
tions.
In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Workers pri
marily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heat
ing systems are excluded.
PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order.
Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of
vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and
fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumberrs snake.
In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice
ship or equivalent training and experience.
Custodial
a nd
Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans,
shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing)
of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning
and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue
prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all
available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of
handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem
bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required.
In general, the
work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gauge maker)
Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix
tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work.
Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work
from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi
cations; using a variety of tool and die m aker!s handtools and precision
measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of
common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools
and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating
to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools
and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances;
fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances;
selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes.
In general,
the tool and die maker *s work requires a rounded training in machineshop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal appren
ticeship or equivalent training and experience.
For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers
in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.
Material
GUARD
Movement
JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on
tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary.
Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity~f
employees and other persons entering.
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas
and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or com
mercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the
23
JANITOR, PORTER,
OR CLEANER - Continued
following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; re
moving chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture,
or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies
and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and
restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
LABORER,
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued
May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment.
Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying
the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other
records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing
merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining neces
sary records and files.
M ATERIAL HANDLING
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows;
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker;
stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant,
store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of
the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchan
dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices;
unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper
storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck,
car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
ORDER FILLE R
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored
merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slip, customer
orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and
indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders,
requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor,
and perform other related duties.
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing
them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being
dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the
type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires
the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or
more of the following: Knowledge of various items oi stock in order
to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container;
inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to
prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying
labels or entering identifying data on container.
Packers who also
make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re
sponsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other m aterials.
Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac
tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre
paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post
ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records.
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport
materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of
establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware
houses, wholesale and retail establishments or between retail estab
lishments and custom ers 1 houses or places of business.
May also
load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical
repairs, and keep truck in good working order.
Driver-salesmen and
over-the-road drivers are excluded.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size
and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on
the basis of trailer capacity).
Truckdriver,
Truckdriver,
Truckdriver,
Truckdriver,
light (under 1V2 tons)
medium ( I V 2 to and including 4 tons)
heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER, POWER
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered
truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about
a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers
truck, as follows:
are classified by type of
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
WATCHMAN
Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property
against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
☆
u. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1955 0 — 3 3 0 6 7 4
@FedFRASER