The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
OFFICE ■ WORKERS salaries hours of work supplementary benefits Bulletin No. 990 M IL W A U K E E , W IS C . JANUARY 1950 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR • BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. Price 15 cents UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague - Commissioner - i - CONTENTS Pag© Number Introduction ............. ..................... •.... .................... ..... ..... •• Salaries of Milwaukee Office Workers, January 1950 ....... ••••• Supplementary Wage Practices.... ..... .............. ..... ..... .................. . Tables: 1. 2. 3• It. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Salaries and weekly hours of work, by industry division •.•••••••••••••••••• Percentage distribution, by weekly salaries.............••••••........... Scheduled weekly hours ••••••••••••••••••••...... . Scheduled days in workw ee k......... ..... .......... ................ ••••• Vacations with pay ••••••••...... ••••••• Paid holidays ....................................................... . Formal, provisions for paid sick leave ........ •••••••••••...... ...... . Nonproduction b o n u s e s ...... ................ ............ ................ Insurance and pension plans ••••••••••••••........ ••••••••••••.•••••••••««•# 1 1 2 3 7 11 11 12 12 13 1^ 1^ Appendix A: Scope and method of survey •••••••••••....... ••••..... ......... •••••••••••••• 15 Appendix B: Descriptions of occupations studied ......... ........ •••••••••........ 17 INTRODUCTION Surveys of office worker salaries were conducted by the Bureau of labor Statistics in more than a score of large cities during 19^8-49. The survey program provides for annual resurveys in a major city in each of 5 broad geographic areas. These cities are Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York. Initial surveys will be conducted each year in another 5 important cities. To the extent that resources permit, salary data will also be brought up-to-date in a few cities last covered 2 or 3 years earlier. These surveys are designed to provide salary data for selected office occupations on a cross-industry basis. Data are also obtained on supplementary benefits, such as vacations, holi days, sick leave, and insurance and pension plans. Salary and related data are provided wherever possible for individual industry divisions. The Milwaukee study was prepared in the Bureau* s Division of Wage Statistics by George E. Votava, Regional Wage Analyst, Region IV, Chicago, Illinois. The planning and central direction of the program was the responsibility of Toivo P. Kanninen and Louis E. Badenhoop under the general supervision of Harry Ober, Chief of the Branch of Industry Wage Studies. SALARIES OF OFFICE WORKERS IN MHWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, JANUARY 1950 l/ Salaries Average weekly salaries of women general stenographers and clerk-typists, the 2 largest groups of women clerical workers among 22 occupations studied in Milwaukee, were $^2 and $36.50, respectively, in January 1950. The next largest group, women accounting clerks, averaged $^2 weekly. Although weekly salary levels of women varied from $31 far office girls to $55 for hand bookkeepers, averages for 16 of the occupational classifications fell within the $ 35-$^5 bracket (table 1 ). Men were employed in much smaller numbers than were women in the occupations studied* Among 6 occupations, salary levels of men varied from $33 a week for office boys to $66 for hand bookkeepers. They were employed in larger numbers, however, as general clerks, accounting clerks, and order clerks with average salaries grouped at the $ 5^-$56 level. No single industry group among the 6 broad divisions represented in the study had the highest salary levels in all occupations. However, in 3 divisions (manufacturing; wholesale trade; and transportation, communication, and other public utilities), women's salaries were above the all-industry level in most of the Jobs permitting comparisons. Although a concentration of the 22 women's Job class; 70 percent salary rates varied widely in individual occupations, as indicated in table 2, rates within narrow limits was noted, particularly among women's Jobs. In 17 of categories, a third or more of the Individual rates were grouped within a $5 pay of the office girls, for example, were paid between $27*50 and $ 32.50 a week. In addition to weekly salaries, earnings data are presented on an hourly basis in table 1 to allow for differences in the length of the average workweek. The usual practice, however, is to express salaries of clerical workers in amounts earned monthly or weekly. Due to a lower-thanaverage number of weekly hours worked in the finance, insurance, and real estate division, hourly averages exceeded or compared favorably with the all-industry hourly averages in contrast to the rate position indicated for this division when comparisons were made on a weekly salary basis. Salary levels in Milwaukee offices were considerably higher in January 1950 than in the corresponding month of 19^8, the date of a previous Bureau survey. In women's Jobs, the averages were generally from $3 to $5 above earlier levels. A few men's Jobs showed somewhat greater in creases. Unionization Of the office employees falling within the scope of the survey, about a fourth are rep resented by labor organizations. Union membership is concentrated, however, in several of the industry divisions— notably, finance, insurance, and real estate, and in transportation, conmmnication, and other public utilities. The latter industry group is almost completely organized. 2/ In the finance, insurance, and real estate division, slightly more than two-fifths of the workers were enployed under terms of collective bargaining agreements. A comparison of salaries in this division in union and nonunion establishments indicates that the relationship between salary rate levels in these 2 establishment groups is not consistent as to either amount or direction among the individual occupations. In the remaining industry divisions, unionization, to the extent that it exists, is typically found in the larger firms. It must be recognized that many factors interact to determine wage levels and their internal composition in a firm, industry, or community, and that isolation of the specific influence of any one factor is difficult. 1 / See Appendix A for discussion of scope and method of study. 2/ As a matter of policy, the Bureau does not present data separately by unionization, method of wage payment, or other characteristics unless the smaller industry segment (for example, union or nonunion firms, as the case may be) contains at least 25 percent of the employment. - 2 - SUFPIEMENTARY WAGE PRACTICES Work schedules Approximately four-fifths of the women office workers in Milwaukee were scheduled to work a 40-hour week in January 1950 (table 3). About a tenth had weekly schedules of 37i hours. In manufacturing industries, services, and in transportation, communication, and other public utilities, schedules other than 1+0 hours were rarely reported, whereas in finance, insurance, and real estate offices, less than half the workers were on a io-hour week and nearly a third on a 37‘ 1-hour week. Schedules longer than 1+0 hours covered the highest proportion of workers In whole sale trade with about a fourth of the women office workers on schedules exceeding 1+0 hours. A 5-day workweek was typical for women office workers in Milwaukee, although a substan tial proportion employed In wholesale and retail trade establishments were required to work at least 5^ days (table 1+). Paid vacations Nearly half of the office workers covered by the study were employed by firms that granted paid vacations (typically a week) after 6 months of service. Workers with a year of service, al most without exception, were eligible for vacations with pay, although the proportion of workers granted 1 and 2 weeks was about equal (table 5)* The length of vacations allowed varied consid erably by industry. Workers with a year of service generally received 1 week in transportation, communication, and other public utilities, whereas the usual practice was to allow 2 weeks after the same length of service in finance, insurance, and real estate offices. After 5 years of ser vice, vacations of 2 weeks or longer were provided by practically all firms in each industry. Paid holidays Six or more paid holidays were received annually by all but a negligible number of office employees in Milwaukee (table 6 ). Those entitled to more than 6 holidays with pay represented a majority only in the finance, insurance, and real estate division; three-fifths of these workers received at least 8 holidays, and a fourth received 10 or more. Paid sick leave About 30 percent of the Milwaukee office workers were employed in establishments that had formal arrangements for paid sick leave after service of 1 year. Offices in the transportation, conmunlcatlon, and other public utilities group had the greatest proportion of employees covered by formal sick leave provisions (table 7). The amount of leave allowed varied from less than 5 bo over 20 days under the variety of formal plans reported. Nonproduction bonuses Nearly two-fifths of the office workers in the study were employed by establishments that paid nonproduction bonuses. Among all industries, the proportion of office workers in firms that paid such bonuses varied from 28 percent in manufacturing industries to 68 percent in retail trade (table 8). Bonuses paid at Christmas or year-end were by far the most prevalent, although estab lishments paying this type of bonus in the transportation, coumunication, and other public utili ties group generally also paid a profit-sharing bonus. Insurance and pension plans Milwaukee firms that paid all or part of the cost of some type of insurance or pension plan covering their employees, accounted for more than 9 of ©very 10 office workers studied. The most prevalent type of plan reported provided life insurance. Establishments reporting retirement pension plans (in addition to Federal old age and survivors insurance) employed approximately half the office workers studied. The proportion of office workers in establishments with such plans varied from 26 percent in service industries to 88 percent in transportation, communication, and other public utilities (table 9). TABLE 1.— Salaries J/ and weekly scheduled hours of work for selected office occupations in Milwaukee, Wis., by industry division, January 1950 Sex, occupation, and industry division 2/ Estimated number of workers Weekly salary Average Weekly scheduled hours Hourly rate Median 2/ weekly salary Salary range of middle 50 percent of workers $ 57.00 - $74.50 60.00 - 72.00 m hand 4/ ............ Manufacturing ............... 96 36 $66.00 65.50 41.0 41.5 $1.61 1.58 $61.50 60.00 Clarks. accounting U ..... ..... Manufacturing Wholesale trade ............ . 391 251 75 54.00 54.50 56.00 40.0 40.0 41.0 1.35 1.36 1.37 52.00 52.50 54.00 45.50 45.00 50.50 - 62.00 62.00 62.00 .S3Lgg£a*-ss>asrqi U .............. Manufacturing .......... .. Wholesale trade «#.... . 365 228 105 56.00 59.00 51.00 40.0 40.0 40.0 1.40 1.48 1.28 55.50 59.00 47.00 46.00 48.50 42.50 - 65.50 68.50 59.50 Clerka. order y ................ Manufacturing ............... Wholesale trade •..... . 235 104 90 54.50 57.00 54.00 40.0 40.0 40.5 1.36 1.43 1.33 55.50 57.50 55.50 45.50 46.00 46.00 - 63.50 66.50 63.50 Clerks, nay roll U -........ . Manufacturing «............ . 161 148 47.50 46.50 40.0 40.0 1.19 1.16 46.00 46.00 38.00 38.00 - 56.50 55.50 Clerk-typists ................... 33 40.50 40.0 1.01 37.00 34.50 - 46.50 164 97 33.00 33.00 40.0 40.0 .83 .83 33.50 33.50 31.00 32.00 - 34.00 38.00 Billers, machine (billing lacking) u .... .............. Manufacturing ••••••••••••..•• Wholesale t r a d e ....... . 227 89 98 ! 38.50 38.00 38.50 41.0 40.5 41.5 .94 .94 .93 38.50 38.00 38.50 34.00 34.00 34.00 - 40.50 40.00 42.00 Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine) U .................... Retail t r a d e ....... ...... . • 78 44 38.50 34.50 40.0 40.0 .96 .86 39.00 32.00 32.00 30.00 - 45.00 39.00 Bookkeeners. hand U ............ Manufacturing .............. . Wholesale trade ............. Services .... ......... . 203 58 64 27 55.00 56.50 53.00 59.50 40.0 39.5 40.5 40.5 1.38 1.43 1.31 1.47 53.00 57.50 52.00 58.00 46.00 46.00 50.00 51.50 - 62.00 67.00 55.00 66.00 168 122 48.00 48.00 40.0 40.0 1.20 1.20 48.50 48.50 45.00 45.00 - 50.00 25 44.00 38.5 1.14 45.00 39.00 - 45.50 Office boys U ....... . Manufacturing ......... . Women Bookkeeping-machine operators. class A U ...... ............ . Manufacturing Finance, insurance, and real estate ............. . See footnotes at end of table. 50.00 TABLE 1.— Salaries 2/ and weekly scheduled hours of work for selected office occupations in Milwaukee, Wis., ty industry division, January 1950 - Continued Sex, occupation, and industry division 2/ Estimated number of workers Weekly salary Average Weekly scheduled hours weekly salary Salary range of middle 50 percent of workers $35.50 37.50 41.00 34.50 Median Hourly rate 2/ Women - Continued Bookke eu ing-mach ine onerator s. Slass B y ................... Manufacturing ........... ...• Wholesale t r a d e ......... . Retail t r a d e ......... ...... Finance, insurance, and real estate - $44.00 - 45.50 - 44.50 - 46.50 491 161 78 29 $40.00 41.50 43.50 41.00 40.5 40.0 41.5 40.0 $0.99 1.04 1.05 1.03 $40.50 40.50 43.50 40.50 211 37.00 41.0 .90 37.00 33.00 - 42.00 894 425 139 164 40.00 39.5 41.00 42.00 38.50 40.0 40.5 38.0 1.01 1.03 1.04 1.01 40.00 41.00 a .00 38.00 36.00 38.00 36.50 35.00 - 43.00 44.00 47.00 42.00 101 37.00 40.5 .91 35.00 33.00 - 40.00 122 72 34 35.50 34.00 35.00 40.0 40.0 40.0 .89 .85 .88 35.00 32.50 35.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 - 36.00 Clerks, accounting U .......... . Manufacturing *.... . Wholesale trade «,««......... Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... Services............ ....... 1,083 339 154 116 42.00 41.50 43.50 38.00 40.0 40.0 40.5 39.5 1.05 1.04 1.07 .96 41.00 40.00 43.00 38.50 37.00 36.50 39.00 34.00 - 47.00 46.00 45.00 42.50 240 30 40.00 42.00 39.5 40.5 1.01 1.04 39.00 40.00 34.00 36.50 - 46.00 Clerks, file, class A U ........ Manufacturing.... ........ .. 120 67 41.50 42.50 40.0 40.0 1.04 1.06 41.00 42.00 38.00 39.00 - 44.50 45.50 Clerks, file, class B U ......... Manufacturing ........... .... Wholesale trade ............. Retail t r a d e ..... . Finance, insurance, and real estate ................... . 806 344 84 70 33.50 33.50 34.00 30.00 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 .84 .84 .84 .75 33.50 33.00 34.00 30.00 30.00 31.00 30.00 28.00 - 36.00 34.50 37.00 32.00 202 33.00 39.5 .84 33.50 30.00 - 34.50 Clerks, general U .............. Manufacturing ............ . Wholesale trade ............. Finance, insurance, and real estate Transportation, communication, and other public utilities . 438 173 101 44.50 45.50 42.00 39.0 40.0 40.5 1.14 1.14 1.04 44.00 44.00 a . 50 40.00 41.00 36.50 - 48.00 79 43.00 36.5 1.18 42.00 36.00 - 51.00 33 50.00 40.0 1.25 53.00 47.00 - 54.00 Calculating-machine onerators (Cemutome ter type) (J ....... . Manufacturing ............... Wholesale trade ....... ..... Retail trade *•••••••••••••••» Finance, insurance, and real estate ................. Calculating-machine ooerators (other than Comotome ter tyne) U Manufacturing •••••••••••»•••• Retail trade .............. .. See footnotes at end of table. 38.50 38.00 51.00 47.00 44.50 TABLE 1*— Salaries 1/ and weekly scheduled hours of work for selected office occupations in Milwaukee, Wis., by industry division, January 1950 - Continued Sex, occupation, and industry division 2/ Estimated number of workers weekly salary Salary range of middle $0 percent of workers Median Weekly salary Weekly scheduled hours Hourly rate 2/ Women - Continued CJr9rft8t prefer y ................ Manufacturing Wholesale trade ...... . Retail trade ••••••••»•••••••• 308 112 68 73 $41.00 40.00 43.00 34.50 40.0 40.0 41.0 40.0 $1.03 1.00 1.0$ .86 $40.00 39.00 44.00 33.50 $34.50 34.50 39.50 32.00 Clerks, pay roll £ / ............. Manufacturing.... ......... . Wholesale trade ............. Retail trade ............. . Transportation, communication, and other public utilities • 521 362 42 40 43.00 42.00 45.50 40.00 40.0 40.0 41.5 39.5 1.08 1.0$ 1.10 1.01 41.50 41.50 37.00 40.00 36.50 36.50 35.00 37.50 - 46.50 46.00 52.00 42.00 65 46.50 40.0 1.16 45.50 42.00 - 52.00 Clerk-typists ................... Manufacturing ............ . Wholesale trade ....... . Retail trade .............. . Finance, insurance, and real estate ••••••••••••••••••••• Transportation, communication, and other public utilities . Services ....... 1,713 953 132 125 36.50 37.50 37.00 33.00 39.5 40.0 39.5 40.0 .92 .94 .83 36.00 37.00 37.00 32.00 32.50 34.50 33.00 30.00 - 40.00 41.50 39.50 35.00 382 35.00 39.0 .90 34.50 31.50 - 37.00 78 43 36.00 36.50 40.0 40.0 .90 .91 34.50 37.00 32.00 32.50 - 40.00 39.50 ................. Office girls Manufacturing ............... Wholesale trade ••••........ . 186 84 25 31.00 30.00 35.00 39.5 39.5 40.0 .78 .76 .88 31.00 29.50 34.00 29.50 29.50 32.00 - 32.00 32.00 37.00 StenosraDhers. general......... . Manufacturing.......... .. Wholesale trade •••••••••••••• Retail trade ..••••..... .. Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e ..... Transportation, communication, and other public utilities . Services........ .... . 2,326 1,282 361 100 42.00 42.50 43.50 39.00 40.0 40.0 40.5 39.5 1.0$ 1.06 1.07 .99 41.50 41.50 41.50 38.00 38.00 38.00 39.50 34.50 - 46.00 46.50 46.00 42.00 389 40.00 39.0 1.03 38.00 34.00 - 44.00 95 99 44.50 41.50 40.0 40.0 1.11 1.04 44.50 40.00 40.00 38.00 - 49.00 45.00 Stenographers, technical ..... Manufacturing ...... ........ 149 80 46.50 48.50 39.5 40.0 1.18 1.21 45.50 47.50 41.00 42.50 - 52.00 54.00 Switchboard oDerators U ........ Manufacturing ....... ....... Wholesale trade ........... .. Retail trade .............. . Transportation, communication, and other public utilities • 192 73 26 47 40.50 44.00 42.00 34.50 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 1.01 1.10 1.04 .86 39.00 42.50 38.00 34.00 35.50 38.00 36.00 30.00 - 45.50 48.00 49.50 37.50 29 41.00 40.5 1.01 39.00 35.50 - 45.50 See footnotes at end of table. .9U - $47.00 - 44.00 - 47.00 - 36.00 TABLE l.— Salaries 1/ and weekly scheduled hours of work for selected office occupations in Milwaukee, Wis., by industry division, January 1950 - Continued Sex, occupation, and industry division 7J Estimated number of workers Weekly salary Average Weekly scheduled hours Median Hourly rate weekly salary Salary range of middle 50 percent of workers 39*5 $37.00 37.00 37.00 $33.00 - $40.00 32.00 - 40.50 35.50 - 39.50 36.50 34.50 32.00 31.00 - 40.00 36.00 36.50 - 42.00 2/ Women - Continued Switchboard operatorreceptionists 1 J ......... . Manufacturing....... . Wholesale trade ............. Finance, insurance, and real estate ........... ........ Services .................... Transcribing-machine operators, general U ...... ......... . Manufacturing........... . Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 40.0 377 171 87 $37.50 37.00 41.0 $0.94 .96 .90 60 37.00 34.50 39.0 40.0 .95 35 38.00 .86 37.00 39.00 40.50 39.5 .99 38.50 164 40.0 1.01 40.00 82 36.50 38.5 .95 36.00 32.00 - 40.50 Typists, class A 4/ ........ .. Manufacturing............... Finance, insurance, and real estate •••••••............. 227 109 40.50 43.00 40.0 40.0 1.01 1.08 41.00 43.00 35.50 39.00 - 44.50 47.00 81 37.00 39.5 .94 36.50 32.50 - 42.00 Typistst cl,ass B i j ............. Manufacturing ......... . Finance, insurance, and real estate ..... •••••••....... 674 292 34.50 34.50 39.5 39.5 .87 .87 33.50 34.00 31.00 31.00 - 37.00 37.00 280 33.50 39.5 .85 32.50 31.00 36.00 275 - 43.00 1/ Excludes pay for overtime. 2/ The study covered representative manufacturing and retail trade establishments and trans portation (except railroads), communication, heat, light and power companies with over 100 workers; and establishments with more than 25 workers in wholesale trade, finance, real estate, insurance and selected service industries (business service; such professional services as engineering, architectural, accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping firms; motion pictures; and nonprofit membership organizations). 2 / Value above and below which half of workers* salaries fell. i j Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. TABLE 2.— Percentage distribution of vrorkers in selected office occupations, by weekly salaries 3/ in Milwaukee, Wis., January 1950 Weekly salaries 1/ $20,00 - $22.49 ................... $22.50 - $24.99 ............. ..... Book keepers, hand - Clerks, account ing Clerks, general Clerks, order Clerks, pay roll Office boys - - - - 4.9 - mm $25.00 $27.50 $30.00 $32.50 $35.00 - $27.49 $29.99 $32.49 $34.99 $37.49 ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... — • - 2.3 2.0 1.5 — — — 0.8 1.3 5.0 _ 6.2 11.2 .6 10.4 28.7 32.9 3.0 $37.50 $40.00 $42.50 $45.00 $47.50 - $39.99 $42.49 $44.99 $47.49 $49.99 ................... ................... ................... ...... ............ ................... — — x.o 5.2 4.3 5.1 6.6 10.0 6.9 4.4 3.3 8.5 15.0 3.6 10.2 8.0 4.7 9.3 6.0 11.2 6.2 2.5 13.0 3.1 17.1 2.4 - $50.00 $52.50 $55.00 $57.50 $60.00 - $52.49 $54.99 $57.49 $59.99 $62.49 ................... ................... ................... ................... ....... ........... 6.3 — 13.5 9.4 14.5 12.1 4.9 8.4 5.4 7.4 9.9 2.2 8.5 8.5 3.3 6.4 2.6 8.0 8.0 6.8 6.2 5.6 6.8 5.6 10.6 _ - $62.50 $65.00 $67.50 $70.00 $72.50 - $64.99 $67.49 $69.99 $72.49 $74.99 ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... 7.3 1.0 2.1 11.5 4.2 4.9 5.6 .8 2.3 1.8 4.9 6.6 9.3 7.4 .8 10.2 2.6 6.4 1.7 3.0 2.5 3.1 .6 - — - $75.00 - $79.99 ................... $80.00 - $84.99 ................... $85.00 - $89.99 ................... $90.00 - $94.99 ................... $95.00 - $99.99 ................... $100.00 and over ............... . 10.4 6.3 4.2 .5 1.4 1.1 1.3 .9 2.6 .6 - — 3.8 2.6 1.0 .3 - - - - - - - - - - - - — - Total .................... 100.0 Estimated number of workers ••••..•• Average weekly salary 3/ See footnote at end of table* 883522 0 — 50----- 2 96 $66.00 100.0 391 $54.00 100.0 365 $56.00 100.0 235 $54.50 - - 100.0 100.0 161 164 $47.50 $33.00 - 8 - TABLE 2*— Percentage distribution of workers in selected office occupations, by weekly salaries in Milwaukee, Wis*, January 1950 - Continued Weekly salaries 3/ $20.00 - $22.49 ................. $22*50 • $24*99 •••••••♦•••••••••• Billers, machine (billing machine) - Percent of women Billers, Bookkeep Bookkeep CalculatingBook- machine machine ingingkeepers, machine machine (book operators hand operators, operators, (Comptometer keeping machine) class A class B type) mm _ - - mm - - $25.00 $27.50 $30.00 $32.50 $35.00 - $27.49 $29.99 $32.49 $34.99 $37.49 ................. ................. ................. ................. ................. 0.4 2.6 25.1 9.3 14.1 14.1 5.1 9.0 _ _ 5.9 0.6 _ 5.3 3.1 12*8 13.0 — 1.5 3.9 9#7 16*2 $37.50 $40.00 $42.50 $45.00 $47.50 - $39.99 $42.49 $44.99 $47.49 $49.99 ................. ................. ................. ................. ................. 26.6 19.8 8*8 3.5 - 9.0 6.4 25.6 7.7 9.0 3.9 1.0 8.9 6.4 4.4 6*0 4.2 12*5 20*2 29.0 12.6 21*2 11.8 10.0 4.7 13.0 26*3 11*4 8.8 2.9 $50.00 $52.50 $55.00 $57.50 $60.00 - $52.49 $54.99 $57.49 $59.99 $62.49 ................. ................. ................. .......... ...... ................. 3.5 .4 - — mm - 18.7 11.3 1.5 9.4 3.9 11.9 6*0 4.2 4.2 .6 2*9 2.4 .2 - 3.7 2.3 .3 - $62.50 $65.00 $67.50 $70.00 $72.50 - $64.99 $67.49 $69.99 $72.49 $74.99 ................. ................. ................. ........ -....... ................. .6 — mm - 3.9 6*4 1.5 1.5 _ - — — $75.00 - $79.99 ................. $80.00 - $84.99 ................. $85.00 - $89.99 ................. $90.00 - $94.99 ................. $95.00 - $99.99 ................. $100*00 and over **•••••.... ..... - — - 8.4 2*5 .5 - — - — - - T o t a l .............. .. _ 100.0 Estimated number of workers ***•«• 227 Average weekly salary ]/ *•••••••• $38.50 See footnote at end of table, 100*0 78 $38.50 100*0 100*0 100*0 100*0 203 168 491 894 $55.00 $48.00 $40.00 $40.00 TABIE 2*— Percentage distribution of workers in selected office occupations, by weekly salaries 3/ in Milwaukee, Wis*, January 1950 - Continued Weekly salaries $20.00 •• $22*4-9 •*••••••• $22.50 ■ $24*99 •••••••*• Percent of women Calculatingmachine Clerks, Clerks, Clerks, operators account file, file, Clerks, Clerks, Clerks, Clerb(other than general. order pay roll typists class B class A ing Comptometer type) - - - mm 1.7 15.5 28.7 25.2 18.4 0.2 .2 1.8 6.4 9.1 1.3 3.6 9.7 25.8 21.7 9.2 .8 6.8 2.1 .4 .7 .4 .6 5.0 4.2 — .8 - .1 — — - .2 .1 .3 - - - - - •» - - - _ 5.8 5.0 12.5 #25.00 #27.50 #30.00 #32.50 #35.00 *“ $27*4-9 — $29*99 "• $32*49 - #34.99 — $37*49 *•••••••• ••••••••• •••*•••*• ........ ••••••••• 0.8 13.1 17.2 25.6 3.1 7.1 8.3 7.9 #37.50 # 40.00 #42.50 #45.00 #47.50 — $39*99 •* $42*49 - $44.99 •* $47.49 — $49*99 ••••«••*• •••*••••• ........ ••••*•••• **•••••*• 18.0 4.9 .8 4.1 .8 14.9 13.2 13.4 8.0 6.3 #50.00 $52*49 ••••«•••* #52.50 $54*99 ••••••••• #55.00 — $57*49 ••••••••• #57.50 “* $59*99 *•••*•••• #60.00 *• $62*49 ••••«••«• .8 • • .8 #62.50 $64*99 #65.00 — $ 67*49 #67.50 — $69*99 #70.00 *• $72*49 #72.50. — $74*99 — - ••••*•*«• •*•••••*• *•••••••• ••••••••• *••••«•** #75.00 — $79*99 *•••••••• #80.00 — $84*99 *•••••••• #85.00 • $89*99 ••••••••* #90.00 - $94.99 ....... * #95.00 - $99.99 ........ $100*00 and over ******** Tc>tal............. Estimatied number of workcars *.... . Average3 weekly salary 3/ 13.1 —, - 1.7 1.9 8.3 0.2 5.0 19.2 15.7 17.2 20.2 16.0 21.3 13.0 5.0 7.8 10.4 11.4 6.2 2.3 11.3 16.4 12.7 9.4 2.9 12.1 13.1 9.3 2.2 .9 5.5 7.1 1.8 3.4 1.4 9.4 10.4 — - 10.4 1.7 2.5 .8 1.5 .1 .3 .2 — 2.1 — - .6 - .8 .6 .2 .4 - - .2 .6 - 5.7 - - - — - 100*0 100*0 100*0 100*0 100*0 100*0 122 1,083 120 806 438 308 521 #35.50 $42.00 $41.50 $33.50 - 16.5 10.4 100.0 See footnote at end of table* 8.0 5.5 2.8 .3 9.2 - $44*50 $41.00 $43.00 - - 100*0 1,713 $36.50 TABLE 2.— Percentage distribution of workers in selected office occupations by weekly salaries 2/ in Milwaukee, Wis., January 1950 - Continued Weekly salaries 3/ $20.00 - $22.4.9 ..... $22.50 - $24.99 $25.00 $27.50 $30.00 $32.50 $35.00 - $27.49 $29.99 $32.49 $34.99 $37.49 $37.50 $40.00 $42.50 $45.00 $47.50 - $50.00 $52.50 $55.00 $57.50 $60.00 $62.50 $65.00 $67.50 $70.00 $72.50 Percenti of women TranSwitch Switch Stenog Stenog board scribingboard Office Typists, Typists, raphers, raphers, opera operatormachine girls class A class B general technical tors reception operators, ists gAnoral 5.4 - mm - - - 0.1 12.2 29.5 22.3 - _ 12.8 11.5 8.8 15.6 19.3 14.5 10.1 6.1 10.7 22.2 15.4 15.4 6.7 18.2 5.2 11.5 13.0 6.8 14.1 11.7 3.2 3.4 3.2 9.8 24.7 9.5 5.8 4.4 10.1 15.4 17.2 7.9 3.5 8.3 7.9 1.3 3.1 - - 4.7 3.2 1.4 1.4 .7 6.7 9.4 6.7 4.7 .7 2.1 5.2 1.0 1.0 1.9 .5 1.1 1.1 - .4 1.8 ♦4 11.5 .9 .4 — - - ~ - .1 .1 — - .7 .7 - .5 - - - — - - .1 - — - _ - M - «• - - - ..... «•••• ..... $39.99 $42.49 $44.99 $47.49 $49.99 ..... ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• 2.7 4.3 - - $52.49 $54.99 $57.49 $59.99 $62.49 ... .. ••••• «... * ..... ••••• - $64.99 $67.49 $69.99 $72.49 $74.99 ••••• ••••• ..... ••••• mm « - Total ...., 100.0 Estimated number of workers ••••••••••. 186 $31.00 100.0 100.0 2,326 149 192 $42.00 $46.50 $40.50 100.0 Excludes pay for overtime, - — 8.7 10.5 24.0 — - Average weekly salary ]/*••* - 2.4 19.8 12.2 25.4 0.5 3.7 7.7 10.8 $75.00 - $79.99 ..... $80.00 - $84.99 ••••• $85.00 - $89.99 ••••• $90.00 - $94.99 $95.00 - $99.99 • •••• $100*00 and over mm 1.6 .5 7.3 6.8 19.3 .5 32.8 37.1 14.0 3.2 ••••« - 100.0 377 $37.50 100.0 275 $39.00 100.0 15.3 100.0 227 674 $40.50 $34.50 TABLE 3 #— ■Scheduled weekly hours for women in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Weekly hours All offices employing women ....... 35 hours .................. . Over 35 and under 37-J- h o u r s ...... 37-g- hours .................. . Over 37^- and under 40 h o u r s ...... 40 h o u r s ....................... . Over 40 and under 44 h o u r s ....... 44 hours ........ ................ Over 44 and under 48 h o u r s ...... . Percent of workers employed in offices in Transpor tation, Finance, All Manu Whole communi indus factur sale Retail insurance, cation, Services and real and other tries trade trade ing estate public utilities 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.3 1.2 0.9 .8 9.7 2.6 80.5 2.3 2.9 .3 4«4 1.8 2.6 94.6 70.8 - .2 - .8 — 13.8 11.0 — - 3.0 6.2 78.1 - 4.4 — 3.1 32.0 8.8 45.8 4.0 5.1 100.0 100.0 - - - - - 96.0 4.0 5.7 88.9 3.6 1.6 .2 TABLE A.— Scheduled days in workweek of women in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Days in week Percent of wor cers employed in offices in Transpor tation, Finance, Manu Whole All communi Retail insurance, indus factur sale cation, Services and real trade ing tries trade and other estate public utilities All offices employing women ....... 100.0 5 d a y s .......................... 5| days ......................... 6 d a y s ...... .................... 93.6 5.0 .9 .5 Other ............................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.0 3.0 *• 74.0 26.0 - 87.3 3.4 6.6 2.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.6 94.4 1.7 1.7 — 1.6 92.9 7.1 - - 4.0 — 12 TABLE 5#— Vacations with pay in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Percent of workers employed in offices in-Transpor tation, Finance, communi All Manu Whole Retail insurance* cation, Services indus factur sale and real trade and other trade ing tries estate public utilities Vacation policy All offices studied ....... .. 6*months 100.0 48.9 3.6 43.4 51.1 49.1 5.9 41.8 1.4 50.9 99.8 99.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0 .$ 81.8 4.2 52.5 24.3 of service Offices with paid vacations .... Under 1 w e e k ............. 1 week ........ ........ . Over 1 and under 2 weeks .. 2 weeks .................. 3 weeks •................. Offices with no paid vacations . 1 100.0 1.0 .9 a/) 40.2 71.6 56.5 - - - - 40.2 71.6 28.4 55.6 .9 43.5 .5 99.5 100.0 100.0 42.0 46.9 100.0 100.0 92.8 - 59.8 .8 18.2 vear of service Offices with paid vacations .... 1 w e e k ................ Over 1 and under 2 weeks .. 2 weeks ............... . 3 weeks .................. Offices with no paid vacations • 51.0 .2 48.6 a /) .2 64.2 — 35.5 — 58.0 53.1 7.5 — 92.$ 2.2 5.0 - - - - - .3 - - - - 100.0 9.5 .8 88.9 .8 - 5 years of service Offices with paid vacations .... 1 w e e k .................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks .. 2 w e e k s ..............•••• Over 2 and under 3 weeks .. 3 weeks .................. 1/ 100.0 1.8 .7 96.1 1.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.5 1.2 96.3 - .2 3.3 96.7 — .5 - 96.0 3.5 100.0 95.2 4.8 — 100.0 100.0 2.0 100.0 90.1 — — 7.1 .8 Less than 0.05 of 1 percent. TABLE 6.— Paid holidays in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Number of paid holidays All offices studied ........... Offices providing paid holidays Number of holidays: 1 to 5 ................ 6 ..................... Q ......... .......... 7 .................... 8 .................... .................... 9 ..................... 9 k .................... 10 .................... 11 .................... n i .................... Offices providing no paid holidays ...................... 1/ Less than 0.05 of 1 percent. Percent of wor ters employed in offices in Transpor tation, Finance, communi All Manu Whole indus factur sale Retail insurance, cation, Services and real and other tries ing trade trade estate public utilities 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 93.4 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.0 98.8 .6 .6 — - 76.6 14.7 1.2 .9 - 97.6 2.4 — - _ 22.4 11.0 3.4 9.9 15.9 9.7 2.6 20.1 3.5 1.5 74.2 25.5 _ .8 87.0 7.6 3.6 - - - 6.6 — — a/) 80.9 2.1 4.1 2.4 2.9 1.8 .5 3.8 .6 .3 .6 - .3 1.0 - 13 TABLE 7.— Formal provisions for paid sick leave in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Provisions for paid sick leave All offices studied ............... 6 Percent of workers enroleyed in oi'fices in • Transpor tation, Finance, All communi Manu Whole insurance, Retail cation, Services indus factur sale and real trade and other trade tries ing estate public utilities 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 24.3 14.3 3.4 2.9 .4 3.3 - 47.5 47.5 - 7.6 7.6 73.1 52.5 92.4 months of service Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave ................ Under 5 days ................. 5 days ..................... 6 days ................... 7 days ......... ....... .. 10 days ...................... 12 days ...................... 15 days ••.•••••••............ 20 d a y s ..... ......... ...... Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ............. Information not available ••••••••• 1 18.2 3.7 13.5 - 10.6 1.2 12.2 - 24.2 6.5 5.2 9.8 7.8 6.1 2.0 - .5 i.i 1.0 .3 .3 - 6.4 - 81.3 86.5 75.8 .2 .6 - - 27.9 1.7 23.9 13.4 15.0 43.4 4.0 5.2 1.2 13.8 10.9 9.5 .5 90.2 - 2.6 - - year of service Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave ................ . Under 5 days ................ 5 d a y s ..... ................ 6 days ....... •..... . ...... 7 days ..... .i........ ..... 10 d a y s ...................... 11 days ...................... 12 days .....................• 20 days .•••.•••••••....... ... Over 20 days ................. Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick l e a v e ...... . .3 1.3 2.4 4.4 .3 - 71.6 76.1 56.6 Information not available.... «... .5 - - 1.7 1.9 5.7 .9 1.0 .6 26.5 16.7 7.8 - 2.0 73.5 - 24.3 - 6.8 2.9 2.7 4.8 3.8 3.3 73.1 2.6 68.1 2.2 - 7.6 7.6 - 31.9 92.4 - - 45.3 - 20.6 5 years of service Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave ...... .......... Under 5 days ................ 5 days ......... ............ 6 days ..................... 7 days ........... .......... 9 days ..................... 10 days ..................... 12 days ..................... 15 days ............... ..... Over 20 days ........... . 30.0 ♦8 46.8 31.7 - 3.8 23.9 .6 8.6 .2 2.4 10.5 .3 1.3 - Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ....... ..... 69.5 76.1 53.2 68.3 Information not available ........ .5 - - - 11.4 1.1 1.9 .8 8.4 1.0 .8 - 7.6 - 8.1 - 7.6 73.1 9.8 92.4 24.3 - 4.0 5.2 13.8 6.4 - 16.6 2.0 - 2.9 2.7 3.8 - 17.4 13.1 6.8 2.6 90.2 2.2 67.4 - 20.6 - - Ik - TABLE 8.— Nonproduction bonuses in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Type of bonus All offices studied ............. . Percent >f workeirs emp].oved in >ffices in Trans Finance, porta insur All Manu Whole tion, Retail ance, indus factur sale communi Services trade and real ing trade tries cation, estate and other public utilities 100.0 100.0 100.0 47.1 47.1 - 67.4 63.4 4.0 3.9 7.2 43.0 43.0 40.4 - 47.0 47.0 9.1 9.1 37.0 32.6 52.9 57.0 53.0 Offices with nonproduction bonuses 1/ .......... ........... Christmas or year-end ....... Profit-sliaring Other .......... ...... ...... 37.9 35.7 4.9 3.2 28.1 63.0 25.3 56.9 Offices with no nonproduction bonuses......... ........... . 62,1 71.9 u 2.0 2.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.1 - Unduplicated total# TABLE 9.---Insurance and pension plans in Milwaukee offices, January 1950 Type of plan All offices studied .............. Offices with insurance or pension plans i / .......... Life insurance .............. Health insurance ............ Retirement pension .......... O t h e r ................... Offices with no insurance or pension p l a n s .... ......... .. 1/ Unduplicated total Percent >f workers enrolLoved in offices in Trans Finance, porta All Manu Whole tion, insur indus factur sale Retail ance, communi Services trade ing trade tries and real cation, estate and other public utilities 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100,0 100.0 93.0 81.5 41.4 96.9 96.9 94.0 88.5 22.6 88.0 22.6 10.6 3,1 6.0 82.9 59.0 20.9 35.4 42.1 77.0 51.4 65.1 95.0 89.5 57.3 45.4 80.5 46.4 29.3 93.7 66.7 12.3 63.7 51.3 7.0 5.0 17.1 23.0 6.3 50.2 42.2 25.9 64.5 - 15 - APPENDIX A Scope and Method of Survey The information presented in this bulletin was collected by visits of field representa tives of the Bureau to representative offices in the city surveyed. In classifying workers by oc cupation, uniform Job descriptions were used; they are presented in Appendix B. No attempt was made to study all office occupations and, in general, the Jobs surveyed were those that are found in a large proportion of offices and that involve duties that are more or less uniform from firm to firm. The Jobs studied are more representative of the salaries of women than of men office workers. The study covered six broad industry divisions and in each division only establishments above a certain size were studied. Office employment in smaller establishments was not considered sufficiently great to warrant inclusion of such establishments in the survey. A greater proportion of large than of small establishments was studied in order to maximize the proportion of office workers that could be surveyed with available resources. Each group of establishments of a certain size, however, was given only its proper influence on the information presented. The industries Included in the study together with the minimum size of establishments and the number of establish ments surveyed are summarized below. Establishments and workers in major industry divisions in Milwaukee, and number studied by the Bureau of labor Statistics, January 1950 Item Number of Minimum size of establishments establish Estimated Studied ment total 1/ Employment Estimated total 2/ In establishments studied Office Total Industry division All divisions ................... Manufacturing............ . Wholesale trade ........... . Retail trade ............. ...» Finance, insurance, and real estate ..................... Transportation, communication, and other public utilities 3/ Services hj .......... ....... 125,250 87,500 2,700 1*4,750 23,800 1*4,250 870 1,580 k2 21 188,600 136,100 8,800 18,700 26 90 214 7,500 14,610 *4,180 101 26 17 56 12 22 15,000 2,500 1*4,390 2,330 590 619 73 *47 191 175 14-8 188,600 130,800 16,000 29,200 12,600 125,250 107,680 101 26 101 619 231 183 175 6*4 32 1,300 Size of establishment All size groups ............. . 501 and over ....... ....... . 251 - 500 .................... 101 - 250 .................... 26 - 100 .................... l/ 2/ 3/ 308 23 in 63 8,1*40 6,350 3,080 23,800 19,030 1,810 1,300 1,660 Number of plant and office workers. Plant and office employment in the Milwaukee Metropolitan Area (Milwaukee County). Excludes railroads. ±/ Business service; such professional services as engineering, architectural, accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping firms; motion pictures; and nonprofit membership organizations. - 16 - The information on weekly salaries excludes overtime pay and nonproduction "bonuses "but includes incentive earnings. The weekly hours data refer to the work schedules for which these salaries are paid. Hourly rates were obtained by dividing these weekly salaries by scheduled hours. The number of workers presented refers to the estimated total employed in all establishments with in the scope of the study and not to the number actually surveyed. Data are shown only for full-time workers, defined as those who are hired establishments full-time schedule for the occupational classification. to work the Information on wage practices refers to all office workers except in the tabulations of scheduled weekly hours and days in workweek for women workers. It is presented in terms of the proportion of workers employed in offices with the practice in question. Because of eligibility requirements, the proportion actually receiving the benefits in question nay be smaller. The summary of vacation and sick leave plans is limited to formal arrangements and ex cludes informal, plans whereby time off with pay may be granted at the discretion of the employer or other supervisor. Sick leave plans are further limited to those providing full pay for at least some amount of time off and exclude health insurance even though paid for by employers. In evaluating information on variations in salaries with size of establishment, in the few cities in which the coverage justifies such a summary, it should be remembered that this fac tor may be related to others. There is frequently an Important relationship between size and in dustrial classification in the broad industry groups used in these surveys. - IT - APPENDIX B Descriptions of Occupations Studied The primary purpose of the Bureau*s job descriptions is to assist its field staff in classifying workers who are employed under a variety of pay-roll titles and different work arrangements from office to office and from area to area, into appropriate occupations. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Be cause of this emphasis on interoffice and interarea comparability of occupation al content, the Bureau*s job descriptions differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In view of these special characteristics of the Bureau’s job descriptions, their adop tion without modification by any single establishment or for any other purpose than that indicated herein is not recommended. Where office workers regularly perform duties classified in more than one occupation, they are generally clas sified according to the most skilled or responsible duties that are a regular part of their job and that are significant in determining their value to the firm. B1JLLER , MACHINE A worker who prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. Should be designated as working on billing machine or bookkeeping machine as described below. Billing Machine - A worker who uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and Invoices from customers* purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of nec essary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually Involves a large number of car bon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fan-fold machine. Bookkeeping Machine - A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare cus tomers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on a customer’s ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPER, HAND A worker who keeps a set of books for recording business transactions and whose work in volves most of the following: posting and balancing subsidiary ledgers, cash books or journals, journalizing transactions where judgment is involved as to accounts affected; posting general ledger; and taking trial balances. May also prepare accounting statements and bills; may direct work of assistants or accounting clerks. - 18 - BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR A worker who operates a Bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, strand, Burroughs, National Cash Register) to keep a record of ‘business transactions. Sund- Class A - A worker who uses a Bookkeeping machine with or without a typewriter key board to keep a set of records of Business transactions usually requiring a knowledge of and esqperience in Basic Bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to Be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, Balance sheets, and other records By hand. Class B - A worker who uses a Bookkeeping machine with or without a typewriter key board to keep a record cf one or more phases or sections of a set of records pertaining to Busi ness transactions usually requiring some knowledge of Basic Bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, pay-roll, customers * accounts (not including simple type of Billing described under Biller, Machine), cost distributions, expense distributions, inventory control, etc. In addition, may check or assist in preparation of trial Balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CALCULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR A worker whose primary function consists of operating a calculating form mathematical computations other than addition exclusively. machine to per Comptometer type Other than Comptometer type CLERK, ACCOUNTING A worker who performs one or more accounting operations such as preparing simple Jour nal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers; coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting dis tributions; entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling Bank accounts; posting and Bal ancing subsidiary ledgers controlled By general ledger, e.g., accounts receivable, accounts payable, stock records, voucher Journal. May assist in preparing Journal entries. For workers whose duties include handling the general ledger or a set of Books, see Bookkeeper, Hand. CLERK, FILE Class A - A worker who is responsible for maintaining an established filing system and classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and lo cating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - A worker who performs routine filing, usually of material that has already Been classified, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, GENERAL A worker who is typically required to perform a variety of office operations. This requirement may arise as a result of impracticability of specialization in a small office or Because versatility is essential in meeting peak requirements in larger offices. The work generally involves the use of independent Judgment in tending to a pattern of office work from day to day, as well as knowledge relating to phases of office work that occur only occasionally. For example, the range of operations performed may entail all or some combination of the fol lowing: answering correspondence, preparing Bills and invoices, posting to various records, preparing pay rolls, filing, etc. May also operate various office machines and type as the work requires. (See Clerk-Typist.) - 19 - CLERK, ORDER A worker who receives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally and whose duties involve any combination of the following; quoting prices to cus tomers, making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order, checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet, distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May also check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowl edge receipt of orders from customers, follow-up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. CLERK, PAY-ROLL A worker who computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the pay-roll sheets and whose duties involve: calculating worker*s earnings based on time or produc tion records; posting calculated data on pay-roll sheet, shoving information such as worker*s name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. In addition, may make out pay checks and assist the paymaster in making up and distributing the pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. CLERK-TYPIST A worker who does clerical work requiring little special training but the performance of which requires the use of a typewriter for a major portion of the time and whose work in volves typing letters, reports, and other matter from rough draft or corrected copy and one or more of the following: keeping simple records; filing records and reports; making out bills; sorting and distributing incoming mail. KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR l/ Under general supervision*and with no supervisory responsibilities, records account ing and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on rec ords. May be required to duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. Keeps files on punched cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL A worker who performs a variety of routine duties such as running errands; minor office machines, such as sealers or mailers; opening and distributing mail, minor clerical work. (Bonded messengers are excluded from this classification.) operating and other SECRETARY l/ A worker who performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an adminis trative or executive position and whose duties involve the following: making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling per sonal and important or confidential mall, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine (except where tran scribing machine is used), and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. In addition, may prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior. STfflOCGRAFHER, GENERAL A worker whose primary function is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to l/ Not surveyed in all cities 20 STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL - Continued transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Poes not include transcribing-machine work. (See Transcribing-Machine Operator.) STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL A worker whose primary function is to take dictation from one or mare persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Poes not include transcribing-machine work. (See TranscriblngMachine Operator.) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR A worker who operates a single or multiple position telephone switchboard, and whose duties involve: handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. In addition, may record toll calls and take messages. As a minor part of duties, may give information to per sons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also do typing or other stenographic work or act as receptionists, see Switchboard Operator-Receptionist. SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST A worker who in addition to performing duties of operator, on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and/or performs typing or other routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work nay take the major part of this worker’s time while at switchboard, TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL A worker whose primary function is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine Is classified as a Stenographer, General. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR,, TECHNICAL A worker whose primary function is to transcribe dictation involving a varied tech nical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as a Stenographer, Technical. TYPIST A worker who uses a typewriter .to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May operate a teletype machine. Class A - A worker who performs one or more of the following: typing material in final form from very rough and Involved draft; copying from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreign language copy; combining material from several sources; or planning lay-out of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft In final form. May also type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. Class B - A worker who performs one or more of the following: typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. ☆ U. S. G O V E R N M E N T PR IN T IN G OFFICE : 0 — 1950
@FedFRASER