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Salaries o f Office W orkers
in Large Cities, 1949
Partly
CINCINNATI
DALLAS
WASHINGTON, D. C.
Bulletin No. 960-4
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
M a u r ic e J . T o b in ,
Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
E w a n Cl a g u e ,
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.
Commissioner
Price 20 cents
Letter o f Transmittal
U nited States D epartment op L abor,
B ureau op L abor Statistics,
Washington, D. C., December 20,1949.
The Secretary
op
L abor :
I have the honor to transmit herewith Part IV of a bulletin on salaries and
working conditions of office workers in large cities in the United States. The
information refers to the early months of 1949.
These studies were prepared in the Bureau’s Division of Wage Statistics by
the regional wage analysts: George E. Votava, Cincinnati; Harry H. Hall,
Dallas; and Paul Warwick, Washington, D . C. The planning and central
direction of the project was the responsibility of Lily M ary David and John
F. Laciskey under the general supervision of Harry Ober, Chief of the Branch
of Industry Wage Studies.
E wan C lague, Commissioner.
Hon. M aurice J. T obin,
Secretary oj Labor.
m
Contents
Page
Introduction_____________________________________________________________________
Salaries and work schedules, by city:
Cincinnati__________________________________________________________________
Dallas_________________________________________________________________________
Washington, D . C _____________________________________________________________
Appendix A : Scope and m ethod of survey---------------- ------------------------------------------Appendix B : Descriptions o f occupations studied_________________________________
1
2
10
12
20
22
LIST OF TABLES
Cincinnati
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
1.— Salaries and weekly hours of work, by industry division-----------------------2.— Percentage distribution, by weekly salaries------------------------------------------3.— Scheduled weekly hours_______________________________________________
4.— Scheduled days in workweek----------------------------------------------------------------5.— Vacations with pay____________________________________________________
6.— Paid holidays--------------------------------7.— Nonproduction bonuses-----------------------------------------------------------------------8.— Formal provisions for paid sick leave--------------------------------------------------9.— Insurance and pension plans___________________________________________
4
5
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
Dallas
Table 1.— W eekly salaries, by industry division---------------------------------------------------Table 2.— Percentage distribution, by weekly salaries--------- ---------------------------------
10
11
Washington, D. C.
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
1.— Salaries and weekly hours of work, by industry division-----------------------2.— Percentage distribution, by weekly salaries------------------- ----------------------3.— Scheduled weekly hours----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------4.— Scheduled days in workweek-------------------------------------------------------------------5.— Vacations with pay____________________________________________________
6.— Paid holidays--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.— Nonproduction bonuses--------------------------------------------------------------------------8.— Formal provisions for paid sick leave------ -------- ------------------------------------9.— Insurance and pension plans-----------------------------------------------------------------
14
15
17
17
17
18
18
19
19
Appendix A
Table
Table
Table
Table
A -l.— Establishments by industry division----------------------------------------------------A -2 .— Employment by industry d iv ision ..------------------------------------------------A -3 .— Number o f establishments by size o f establishment.................................
A -4 .— Employment by size of establishment_______________________________
v
20
21
21
21
Salaries of Office Workers in Large Cities,
1949—Part IV
Introduction
About one out of every four workers in the
United States is a “ white-collar” worker. Be
cause of their numerical importance in the labor
force and the existence of widespread interest in
their economic status, the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics has recently made a number of surveys of
the salaries and working conditions of these work
ers. A major segment of this program was begun
last year, when surveys of office workers were
made in 10 of the country’s largest cities.1 This
year similar surveys have been made in 17 cities,
including 6 in which studies were conducted last
year. These cities are designated below by an
asterisk. Reports on the cities surveyed this year
appear in a four-part bulletin, as follows:
Part I
Hartford
Los Angeles
New Orleans
Philadelphia
St. Louis
Part I I I
Cleveland
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Portland, Oreg.
Richmond
Part I I
^Atlanta
*Boston
^Chicago
*New York
*Seattle
Part I V
Cincinnati
*Dallas
Washington, D . C.
Information on 14 of these cities was presented
in the first three parts of the bulletin. This final
part of the bulletin summarizes information on
» Previously information on a limited number of office jobs was obtained
in studies of individual manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries.
The surveys begun last year represent the first attempt to present information
cutting across industry lines. Among the other groups of white-collar work
ers studied recently are professional nurses, library personnel, dietitians, and
social workers.
salaries and hours of work in the remaining three
cities.
The information on weekly salaries excludes
overtime pay and nonproduction bonuses but
includes incentive earnings. The weekly hours
data refer to the work schedules for which these
salaries are paid. Hourly rates were obtained by
dividing these weekly salaries by scheduled hours.
The number of workers presented refers to the
estimated total employment in all establishments
within the scope of the study and not to the
number actually surveyed. (The industries and
the minimum size of establishment within the
scope of the study are listed in appendix A.)
Data are shown only for full-time workers,
defined as those who are hired to work the estab
lishment’s full-time schedule for the occupational
classification.
Salary and hours information is presented only
for a limited number of jobs; no attempt was made
to study all office occupations and, in general, the
jobs surveyed are those that are found in a large
proportion of offices and that involve duties that
are more or less uniform from firm to firm. They
are more representative of the salaries of women
than of men office workers. Since the current
information for Dallas was collected partly by
means of a mail questionnaire, data for this city
are limited to women workers and to a smaller
number of jobs than were studied in the other
communities.
To round out the picture of the salaries of
office workers, information is presented for Cin
cinnati and Washington on supplementary bene
fits, such as vacations, holidays, and sick leave,
provided office* workers.2 Information on these
8 Data on these supplementary benefits and on hours of work are not
presented for Dallas since this information was collected for this city in 1948.
1
2
S A LA R IE S OF O FFICE W O RKERS
wage practices refers to all office workers. It is
presented in terms of the proportion o f workers
employed in offices with the practice in question.
Because of eligibility requirements, the proportion
actually receiving the benefits in question may
be smaller.
The summary of vacation and sick leave plans
is limited to formal arrangements and excludes
informal plans whereby time off with pay may
be granted at the discretion of the employer or
other supervisor. Sick leave plans are further
limited to those providing full pay for at least
some amount of time off and exclude health
insurance even though paid for by employers.
Cincinnati, May 1949
Salaries
W eekly salaries for women in the 21 jobs
studied in Cincinnati ranged from an average of
$29 for office girls to $56 for hand bookkeepers in
M ay 1949. Averages for over two-thirds of these
jobs were between $32.50 and $42.50 a week.
Women general stenographers, numerically the
most important group studied, earned $41 a week
on the average. Salaries for other jobs employing
large numbers of women were $34.50 for clerktypists; $40 for accounting clerks; and $29.50 for
clerks doing routine filing.
These averages were, of course, based on vary
ing salaries of individual workers. Salaries of
general stenographers ranged from $22.50 to about
$70, but over three-fifths were between $32.50
and $45. Earnings of over half the women
engaged in routine copy typing were within a $5
range (between $30 and $35). Considering all
jobs studied as a group, about three out of four
women in Cincinnati earned between $27.50 and
$42.50.
Salaries for men in the eight jobs in which they
were found in appreciable numbers varied from
$30.50 for office boys to $67.50 for hand book
keepers. Accounting clerks averaged $50 and
general clerks $55 a week. On an hourly basis,
the occupational averages for men ranged from
77 cents to $1.67; the corresponding range for
women was from 74 cents to $1.42.
Work Schedules
The most typical work schedule for women office
employees in Cincinnati was a 5-day, 40-hour
week, except in finance, insurance, and real estate.
In the latter industry division, over a third of the
workers were employed by establishments operat
ing on a 35-hour work schedule and nearly a fourth
were on a 37K-hour week. W ork schedules varied
considerably in wholesale trade, with nearly a
fourth of the workers on schedules of less than 40
hours and almost a fifth working more than 40
hours. Nearly a fourth of the office employees in
wholesale trade were on a 5K-day week.
Paid Vacations
Virtually all office workers in Cincinnati received
at least 1 week’s paid vacation and over twothirds were entitled to 2 weeks after 1 year’s
service. After 2 years’ employment, vacation
benefits amounted to at least 2 weeks for over
nine-tenths of the employees. More than half of
the office workers studied were in establishments
providing at least 1 week’s vacation after 6 months
of service.
Paid Holidays
Almost all office workers in Cincinnati were
provided with paid holidays. Typically they
received 6 holidays a year but there was some
variation in holiday practice among industry
divisions. In transportation, communication, and
other public utilities, the typical holiday provision
was for 7 days a year. In finance, insurance, and
real estate, a fourth o f the office workers were
entitled to 7K to 10 paid holidays annually.
Nonproduction Bonuses
Two out of five office workers in Cincinnati were
employed in establishments providing some type
of nonproduction bonus, most often paid at Christ
mas or the year end. Such bonus payments were
most common in finance, insurance, and real
estate. They were rare in transportation, com
munication, and other public utilities.
CIN CINN ATI
Paid Sick Leave
Two out of five workers in Cincinnati offices
worked under formal provisions for paid sick leave
provided after a year’s service with the company.
Only 1 out of 12 workers in wholesale trade was
covered by such provisions. Such provisions
were most liberal in the transportation, communi
cation, and public utilities group.
Insurance and Pension Plans
Over four out of five office workers in this city
were employed in establishments with some form
856572—50
-2
3
of insurance or pension plan. About three out of
five worked where there were life insurance plans
and nearly two out of five where retirement pen
sion plans were provided but the extent to which
these arrangements were in effect varied widely
among industries. Only 6 percent of the service
industries’ employees worked where pension plans
were in effect, compared with four out of five office
workers in transportation, communication, and
other public utilities. Life insurance was most
common in manufacturing and finance, insurance,
and real estate.
4
SA LA R IE S OF OFFICE W O RKERS
T a ble 1.— Salaries 1 and weekly scheduled hours of work for selected office occupations in Cincinnati, by industry division,
M ay 1949
Sex, occupation, and
industry division
Average—
Estimated
num
ber Week- Week
ly
of
sched Hourly
}y
work salary
rate
uled
ers
hours
Me
dian Salary range
weekof middle
50 percent
sala
of workers
ry1
2
Men
Bookkeepers, hand *........
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
Women—C ontinued
149 $67.50
81 69.00
40 62.50
Bookkeeping - machine
operators, class B .........
40.5
39.5
44.0
$1.67 $67.00 $60.50-$77.00
1.75 74.00 60.50- 78.00
1.42 64.50 50.00- 66.50
52
40.00
38.0
1.05
38.00
34.50- 45.00
Clerks, accounting *........
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade...........
Finance,insurance, and
real estate..................
727
487
93
50.00
50.50
47.00
40.0
40.0
41.5
1.25
1.26
1.13
49.00
50.00
49.00
40.00- 57.50
41.50- 58.50
37.00- 50.00
97
47.00
37.0
1.27
43.50
39.00- 54.00
Clerks, general *..............
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
253
107
95
55.00
56.50
53.00
41.5
40.0
43.5
1.33
1.41
1.22
56.00
60.00
56.00
50.50- 60.00
50.50- 62.50
46.00- 56.50
Clerks, order *..................
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
289
167
122
52.00
53.00
50.50
40.0
40.0
39.5
1.30
1.33
1.28
49.50
50.00
49.50
45.00- 59.00
46.00- 59.50
45.00- 55.00
Clerks, pay-roll *.............
Manufacturing.............
106
91
47.50
46.50
39.5
40.0
1.20
1.16
47.00
46.00
37.00- 54.00
36.50- 54.00
Clerk-typists....................
42
39.00
41.0
.95
41.50
31.00- 45.00
Office boys *.....................
Manufacturing.............
138
101
30.50
31.50
39.5
39.5
.77
.80
30.00
30.00
26.00- 34.00
28.00- 36.00
Women
Billers, machine (billing
machine)*..................
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade...........
408
247
129
36.50
36.00
37.50
40.0
40.0
40.5
.91
.90
.93
37.00
36.50
38.00
32.00- 39.00
30.00- 40.00
36.50- 38.50
Billers, machine (book
keeping machine)___
29
38.00
37.5
1.01
37.00
35.00- 45.00
216
70
75
56.00
58.00
59.00
39.5
39.5
40.0
1.42
1.47
1.48
55.00
62.00
55.00
47.00- 62.00
52.00- 65.00
45.00- 62.00
31
47.50
38.0
1.25
47.50
41.50- 48.50
80
40
30
48.50
44.50
57.00
41.5
40.0
44.0
1.17
1.11
1.30
49.50
46.00
55.50
41.00- 56.00
37.50- 49.50
51.00- 64.00
Bookkeeping-m a c h i n e
operators, class B *__
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade... .......
F in a n c e , insurance,
and real estate...........
409
135
80
36.50
40.50
38.00
39.5
40.0
40.5
.92
1.01
.94
35.00
40.50
38.00
32.00- 41.00
34.50- 45.00
35.00- 41.50
188
33.00
38.0
.87
32.00
30.00- 36.00
Calculating-machine op
erators (Comptom
eter type)*.................
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
Transportation, com
munication, a n d
other public utilities.
669
344
100
39.00
40.50
38.50
39.5
40.0
39.5
.99
1.01
.97
37.50
39.00
37.00
34.00- 43.00
35.00- 46.00
34.50- 41.00
49
38.50
39.5
.97
38.00
34.50- 40.00
Bookkeepers, hand *.......
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
F in a n c e , insurance,
and real estate...........
Bookkeeping-m a c h i n e
operators, class A *—
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
Calculating-machine op
erators (other than
Comptometer type)*.
F in a n c e , insurance,
and real estate...........
58
36.50
37.5
30
34.50
35.0
.99
33.00
30.00- 36.00
Clerks, accounting *_....... 1,081
Manufacturing.............
737
Wholesale trade...........
78
F in a n c e , insurance,
and real estate...........
171
Transportation, com
munication, a n d
other public utilities.
27
Services.........................
35
40.00
41.00
45.00
39.5
40.0
41.5
1.01
1.03
1.08
40.00
40.00
46.00
33.50- 46.00
35.00- 47.00
39.00- 49.00
33.50
37.0
.91
32.00
29.50- 37.00
40.0
39.5
1.06
.94
41.00
37.50
39.00- 41.00
33.00- 40.00
42.50
37.00
.97
34.50
1 Excludes pay for overtime.
* Value above and below which half of workers’ salaries fell.
Sex, occupation, and
industry division
Average—
EstiMe
mated
dian Salary range
num
Week
weekof middle
ber Week50 percent
ly
Hourly
of
sched
sala
of
workers
work salary uled
rate
ry 2
ers
hours
32.00- 39.00
Clerks, file, class A *.......
Manufacturing .............
114 $38.00
98 38.00
40.0
40.0
Clerks, file, class B *.......
Manufacturing............
Wholesale trade............
Finance, insurance, and
real estate..................
884
248
46
39.0
40.0
39.5
169
28.00
36.5
.77
27.50
26.00- 29.00
Clerks, general *..............
Manufacturing. ...........
Finance, insurance, and
real estate..................
Transportation, com
m u n ica tio n , and
^other public utilities.
395
187
46.00
46.50
39.5
40.0
1.16
1.16
45.00
46.00
40.00- 50.50
40.00-51.00
56
45.50
39.0
1.17
45.50
41.50- 51.00
41
49.50
41.5
1.19
45.00
41.00- 60.50
Clerks, order...................
Manufacturing .............
363
330
35.00
35.00
40.0
40.0
.88
.88
34.00
33.50
29.50- 40.00
29.50- 39.00
Clerks, pay-roll *.............
Manufacturing .............
Finance, insurance, and
real estate..................
Transportation, com
m u n ica tion , and
other public utilities.
447
374
42.50
43.00
39.5
39.5
1.08
1.09
42.00
42.50
37.00- 47.00
37.00- 47.00
31
36.00
37.0
.97
37.00
30.00- 37.00
27
45.50
39.0
1.17
47.00
38.00- 49.50
Clerk-typists *................. 1,834
Manufacturing .............
988
Wholesale trade...........
122
Finance, insurance, and
real estate..................
626
Services.........................
32
34.50
35.00
37.50
39.0
39.5
40.5
.88
.89
.93
33.50
34.50
38.00
30.00- 37.50
32.00- 37.00
35.00- 39.50
32.00
33.00
37.0
40.0
.86
.83
31.00
29.50
29.50- 35.00
28.00-37.00
209
142
29.00
29.50
39.0
39.5
.74
.75
28.50
29.50
26.00- 32.00
27.50- 32.00
Office girls *......................
Manufacturing-...........
Finance, insurance, and
real estate..................
29.50
31.00
30.00
$0.95 $38.00 $36.50-$40.50
.95 38.00 35.50- 40.50
.76
.78
.76
29.50
29.50
29.00
26.50- 32.00
27.50- 33.50
26.00-33.50
48
26.50
36.5
.73
25.50
25.00-27.00
Stenographers, general *.. 2,186
Manufacturing ............. 1,356
Wholesale trade...........
243
Finance, insurance, and
real estate..................
404
Transportation, com
m u n ic a t io n , an d
other public utilities.
82
Services.........................
45
41.00
41.50
41.00
39.5
40.0
40.0
1.04
1.04
1.03
40.00
40.50
40.50
35.00- 45.00
35.50- 45.50
36.50- 44.50
37.00
37.5
.99
36.00
33.50- 40.50
48.50
45.50
39.5
39.0
1.23
1.17
50.50
41.50
41.00- 53.00
37.00- 53.00
Switchboard operators *__
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade...........
192
83
50
39.00
40.50
38.00
39.5
39.5
41.0
.99
1.03
.93
38.00
39.00
37.00
34.50- 42.50
34.50- 46.00
36.00- 38.50
Switebboard-operator-receptionists *...............
Manufacturing.............
Wholesale trade............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate...........
314
188
75
37.50
38.50
38.50
39.0
39.5
38.5
.96
.97
1.00
37.50
37.50
38.00
33.00- 40.00
37.00- 40.00
32.00- 46.00
33
33.50
37.5
.89
34.50
29.50- 38.00
Transcribing-machine
operators, general *__
Manufacturing.............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate...........
390
263
39.00
38.50
39.0
39.5
1.00
.97
37.00
37.00
34.00- 42.00
35.00- 40.00
58
33.00
36.5
.90
32.00
30.00- 35.00
Typist, class A *..............
Manufacturing.............
140
95
41.00
42.00
39.0
40.5
1.05
1.04
41.00
41.50
34.50- 47.50
35.50- 48.50
Typist, class B *..............
Manufacturing.............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate...........
Transportation, com
m u n ication , and
other public utilities.
Services.........................
449
178
33.00
34.00
39.0
40.0
.85
.85
32.00
33.50
30.00-35.00
32.00- 36.00
156
30.50
37.0
.82
32.00
27.50- 32.00
56
29
34.00
31.00
39.5
40.0
.86
.78
34.50
32.50
30.00- 39.50
28.50- 35.00
* Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
CIN CINN ATI
5
Ta b l e 2.— Percentage distribution o f workers in selected office occupations by weekly salaries 1 in Cincinnati, M a y 1949
Percent of women-
Percent of men—
Book Clerks,
Book keepingkeep machine
ac
Clerks, Clerks, Clerks,
pay
ers, operators, count general order
roll
ing
hand
class B
Weekly salaries1
Tnder $20.00 ________________
120.00-$22.4Q_________________
522J5ft-$24.Qfi _________ _
9.6
36.6
3.8
0.4
1.9
6.3
6.2
l27fift-$3QQQ
540.n0-$42.49 ________________
!42.«V-$44.99___________________
i4S.00-$47.4Q _________________
a7.fi0-.$49.99___________________
3.8
7.7
6.8
16.4
7.7
7.7
1.9
!fifi00-$fi7.40
;fi7.fin-$fift.0Q
{70 fl0-$72.40
{72m-$74 0Q
!7f».nrw$70.0ft
«0 00-$»4.fiQ
^00-$SQQQ
»)n nn-$d4.(» _
;Qft0O-$09Q0
noo.00 and over
_
_ _
0.9
20.3
18.1
24.7
5.1
13.1
0.4
0.4
13.3
12.0
9.3
28.9
1.2
6.1
1.4
.7
3.1
25.5
7.6
6.3
6.1
9.7
10.2
1.6
6.7
.8
7.1
1.6
5.2
.3
12.5
13.5
14.9
4.7
3.8
5.7
15.1
.9
1.4
.7
5.8
13.5
15.2
2.2
.2
3.2
6.1
6.0
10.7
6.3
6.0
6.1
13.0
16.5
8.3
12.7
9.3
3.1
4.2
12.1
8.0
16.0
3.8
.7
1.2
1.0
4.7
13.4
2.7
4.0
12.1
6.6
3.9
3.3
1.2
.8
9.5
2.0
2.4
2.0
1.2
.7
2.4
1.0
7.4
9.4
9.4
1.3
.4
1.2
2.0
6.6
.3
11.4
9.4
__
Calcu
latingCalcu machine
BookBook
Book keepinglatingkeeping- machine operators
keep machine machine
(other
ers, operators, operators, (Comp
than
tometer
hand
Comp
class A
class B
type)
tometer
type)
2.9
7.2
l2fi. 00-$27.49___________________
?27.fiO-$29.99___________________
;S0 00-$32 4Q
532.Jin-$34.fl9__________________
_______________
afi.nft-$37.4ft
«n.nn-$«2.4ft
«2J50-$K4.0ft
ntV-$S7.4ft
K7.«l-$SQ.99_____________
5fio.nn-$fi2.4fl
Billers,
Office machine
(billing
boys
machine)
.7
2.7
10.7
14.2
3.8
1.9
2.8
5.1
4.6
15.7
10.2
10.2
3.7
12.5
5.6
8.3
13.9
1.4
12.5
3.4
7.3
18.7
15.2
16.4
.4
1.2
10.0
19.2
17.4
1.7
5.2
29.3
17.3
12.1
7.5
8.8
1.3
11.2
8.8
6.6
17.9
5.6
4.4
.2
13.9
10.5
5.8
7.8
4.5
12.1
1.7
5.2
6.9
3.4
21.2
3.9
.2
5.4
1.9
.6
.6
1.7
3.4
100.0
16.2
.2
12.5
.7
4.2
.9
4.6
.7
Total....................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Estimated number of workers___
149
62
727
263
289
106
138
408
216
80
409
669
58
Average weekly salaries1.............. $67.60
$40.00
$60.00
$65.00
$62.00
$47.60
$30.60
$36.60
$66.00
$48.50
$36.50
$39.00
$36.50
>Excludes pay (or overtime.
6
S A LA R IE S OF O FFICE W O RKERS
T a b le 2.— Percentage distribution o f workers in selected office occupations by weekly salaries1 in Cincinnati, M ay 1949 — Con.
Percent of women—
Weekly salaries1
Clerks, Clerks, Clerks, Clerks, Clerks,
Clerks, Clerkfile,
account file,
class A class B general order pay roll typists
ing
TTndftr $20 nn
$20.00-$#Mfl
$JK?,50-$24 9ft
0.2
1.2
0.1
$9.fi nn-p7 4Q
$97m-ijW!a QQ_
$an nn-jjaa 40
$S2.5ft-$34.99_
$35.00-137.49........................................
2.7
7.9
10.6
8.9
9.4
25.4
$37.50-$39.99........................................
$40.00-$42.49........................................
$42 5ft-$44_99_
$45 ftft-$47.49_
$47Rft-$49 99_
10.0
13.7
8.4
7.3
9.1
34.3
17.5
2.6
2.6
.9
$50,ftft-$52.49 _
$59. 5ft-$54.9ft_
$55 00-$57 4Q
$57 50-$5flQQ
$00 00-$fi2.49_
$fi9 5ft-$64 99_
$fi5.00-$fi7.49______
$fi7.50-$fi9.99_
$70.flft-$79.49_
$72.50-$74.99_
0.9
14.0
6.4
2.3
1.3
1.2
.4
_____
______
29.3
25.3
24.8
9.3
5.4
2.8
1.5
.2
.9
.9
.1
.2
0.1
.5
12.4
1.4
0.1
0.2
3.1
0.5
3.0
13.2
33.3
13.8
11.8
6.6
5.8
5.6
14.3
7.5
12.7
23.9
11.6
18.3
20.6
29.7
23.0
4.3
2.9
.4
2.3
7.7
12.1
12.9
1.6
9.4
5.7
11.5
16.7
1.3
7.3
14.0
6.7
19.4
1.0
3.6
11.5
12.1
28.6
0.7
7.9
16.5
10.7
5.3
14.7
29.9
21.0
12.9
1.0
16.2
16.4
6.8
12.4
8.8
14.3
1.1
5.2
.6
9.4
15.2
10.5
12.8
6.9
11.3
6.8
3.5
2.5
.7
1.4
3.8
10.9
17.2
11.3
7.7
4.5
19.7
8.3
9.4
5.2
4.2
18.1
16.9
2.9
8.0
4.1
9.7
14.1
3.8
1.8
2.3
7.1
15.7
10.7
5.7
14.3
5.8
4.5
1.1
1.3
.2
11.6
4.3
5.1
4.3
3.8
1.4
1.7
.3
.8
.3
10.3
1.3
1.6
2.5
.2
.2
.2
.2
.5
4.8
2.7
2.2
1.0
.4
.5
2.1
2.1
4.1
1.0
.3
9.3
1.4
.6
.5
.7
3.6
1.6
.3
.5
.3
$75ftft-$79 99_
$30.00—
$34.90 _
$35 00—
$39 99
$90 00—
$94.99.
$95 00-$99 99
$100.00 and nvfif
Switch- Tran
Switch board- scribing
Stenog
ma Typists, Typists,
Office raphers, board opera- chine
girls general opera tor-re- opera class A class B
tors ception- tors,
ists
general
2.0
6.9
.8
Total................. ........................
Estimated number nf workers
Average weekly salaries1...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1,081
114
884
395
363
447
1,834
209
2,186
192
314
390
140
449
$40.00
$38.00
$29.50
$46.00
$35.00
$42.50
$34.50
$29.00
$41.00
$39.00
$37.50
$39.00
$41.00
$33.00
1 Excludes pay for overtime.
T able 3.— Scheduled weekly hours o f women in Cincinnati offices, M ay 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Weekly hours
All indus
tries1
All offices employing women
___
______ _ _______
TTnder 35 hours
__ .
__
35 hours
. . _ _ __ _ _
Over 35 and under 37^4 hours __ _ _ ______ _ _ _ _ ___
37^ honrs .
_____ _.
.
Over 37^4 and under 40 hours
_ _ ________ ...... ____
4ft honrs.
__ _ _ _ _ _ __
_ _ ___ _
Over 40 and under 44 hours
__
_ _____
_ _ ..............
44 hours _ .
_
__ __ _ _ .....
Over 44 and nnder 48 hours _ _ _ _ ______ . ___ ___________
48 hours.... ... _ . ._ ___________ .......
.
_
Over48 hours
. _
.
__ ____ _________
1 Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100.0
2.3
9.5
6.9
100.0
T
10.0
2.8
10.0
3.6
69.7
.8
2.6
.4
(’)
"
6.4
87.6
1.4
2.3
8.1
55.8
.3
14.5
4.9
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
100.0
100.0
35.8
8.7
24.3
11.4
19.8
i.o
1.7
5.2
91.3
_-
- —
Services
100.0
n
2.8
2.8
93.0
.8
.3
3 Less than 0.05 of 1 percent.
7
CINCINNATI
T able 4.— Scheduled days in workweek o f women in Cincinnati offices, M ay 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Days in week
Ml offices employing women
»days
days
iHays
Ither
_
_______
_
.
.
_ __
.
...
.
_
___
_
_.
. ___ _
______
_
__
....
.
_
...
All indus
tries 1
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
91.6
5.9
.3
2.2
96.3
3.7
67.5
27.4
92.8
1.3
92.1
2.7
5.1
5.9
5.2
89.8
5.3
4.9
Services
1Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
T able 5.— Vacations with pay in Cincinnati offices, M ay 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Vacation policy
Ml offices studied
_ _ _ ____
,
_ . _ .
After 1 year
of service
._
Offices with paid vacations.
_
1 week
...
Over i and under 2 weeks. .
T
2 weeks
... . _ . ...
Over 2 weeks___________________________________________________________
Offices with no paid vacations
_ _
After 2 years of service
Offices with paid vacations _ ..
. . . .
1 weelr
Over 1 and under 2 w«eks
2 weeks.. .
r .. T.^
Oyer 2 weeks - _____
Officers with no paid vacations
Offices with paid vacations
1 week__ r
2 weeks
Over 2 weeks ______
_ .. .
.........
-
_r
_____
_ . _
-
-
_
___
_
_______
__
_______
Offices with no paid vacations___________________ ________________________
i Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
28.0
.4
67.4
4.0
99.7
25.4
.8
66.4
7.1
100.0
27.3
100.0
18.9
100.0
43.9
100.0
53.1
72.7
81.1
56.1
46.9
.2
.3
100.0
4.7
1.4
89.0
4.9
100.0
4.8
2.5
85.6
7.1
100.0
17.4
100.0
100.0
2.6
100.0
3.5
82.6
95.5
4.5
97.4
96.5
100.0
1.4
89.3
9.3
100.0
100.0
14.4
81.9
3.7
100.0
100.0
.3
99.7
100.0
1.5
98.5
Services
_____ _
After 5 years of service
__ _ _
__
_ __ _
_ _ _
_
All indus
tries i
92.9
7.1
76.6
23.4
8
SA LA R IE S OF OFFICE W O RKERS
T able 6.— Paid holidays in Cincinnati offices, M ay 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Number of paid holidays
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
Services
100.0
100.0
100.1
100.0
100.0
98J
26.5
92.:
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
All indus
tries1
Manufac
turing
_ _ _
100.0
100.0
100.0
Offices providing paid holidays............................................................................. ......
Number of holidays:
1 to 5..................................................................................................................
6.........................................................................................................................
6H............................................................- ........................................................
7.........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
8.........................................................................................................................
Q
10
99.7
99.6
100.0
80.0
44
9.5
.9
.8
2.4
1.7
93.4
92.2
2.7
1.4
55.8
19.5
3.7
43
2.6
9.6
8.2
.3
.4
All offices studied. _
_. _
__
. _
_ _____
_
_ _
Offices providing no paid holidays___________________________________________
6.2
Wholesale
trade
73.5
6.:
l.:
1Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
T able 7.— Nonproduction bonuses in Cincinnati offices, M ay 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
All indus
tries1
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
Ail offices studied___________________________________________________________
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Offices with nonproduction bonuses__________________________________________
Christmas or year end___________________________________________________
Profit-sharing
- - .......... - Other
___ _
___________________________________________________
40.9
35.1
3.5
2.3
38.3
344
3.9
44.4
41.7
2.7
62.8
47.8
5.0
10.0
0.9
.9
36.3
30.6
1.5
4.2
59.1
61.7
55.6
37.2
99.1
63.7
Type of bonus
Offices with no nonproduction bonuses
___ _ _ _
1Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
Services
9
CIN CINN ATI
T a b le 8.— Formal provisions fo r paid sick leave in Cincinnati offices, M a y 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
All indus
tries1
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
23.2
3.2
9.4
1.7
8.9
76.8
26.3
4.8
11.3
.9
9.3
73.7
1.5
20.1
2.2
11.4
5.3
1.2
79.9
45.1
2.6
2.6
40.6
13.8
3.0
.8
15.0
1.2
1.4
1.4
2.1
1.9
59.4
46.5
15.2
4.8
8.7
7.2
45.1
2.1
15.9
1.5
.9
2.5
3.8
3.4
53.5
44.4
19.0
1.3
2.2
12.2
5.7
4.0
91.3
55.6
54.9
88.4
Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave.......................................................
5 days............................... - .....................................................................................
6 days__________________________________________________________________
10 days
_
....
.
. _
._
_
12 days_________________________________________________________________
15 d ays... . . . . . .
2 0 days . ..
Over 20 days. . . .
43.8
11.7
3.0
14.8
3.0
1.6
4.6
5.1
46.5
11.4
4.8
19.7
.9
2.5
3.8
3.4
8.7
7.2
44.4
19.0
1.3
85.4
2.1
1.5
11.8
1.2
11.1
11.6
.9
2.6
8.1
Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave..................................................
56.2
53.5
91.3
55.6
Provisions for paid sick leave
All offices studied...........................................................................................................
Services
6 m onths of service
Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave.......................................................
TTndp.r days
R days . , '
fidays
^ 10 d a y s. . .,.
Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave..................................................
1.5
98.5
2.1
43.0
54.9
97.4
1 year of service
Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave.......................................................
5 days.......................................................................................................................
6 days_________________________________________________________________
0 days
10 dayp , , _ . .. _
1 1 days . „
12 days
_ . _
Ifidays . ..-r...
2n days.....
_
.
..
Over 20 days
Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave..................................................
11.6
.9
2.6
8.1
43.0
% years of service
43.0
40.3
14.6
88.4
1Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
T able 9.— Insurance and pension plans in Cincinnati offices, M ay 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in-
All indus
tries1
Manufac
turing '
Wholesale
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion. com
munication,
and other
public utili
ties
All offices studied...........................................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Offices with insurance or pension plans2.....................................................................
Life insurance..........................................................................................................
Health insurance.....................................................................................................
Retirement pension.................................................................................................
Other.......................................................................................................................
83
63.7
31.6
39.2
41.8
90.2
75.7
39.4
34.0
47.7
59.2
40.1
22.7
33.5
19.3
76.8
66.2
34.0
48.3
52.2
99.4
218
2.3
83.5
3.2
58.3
15
4.2
6.1
56.3
Offices with no insurance or pension plans..................................................................
16.3
9.8
40.8
23.2
.6
41.7
Type of plan
1Indudes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
.7
’ Unduplicated total.
Services
Dallas, May 1949
Salaries of general stenographers, the largest
group of workers studied in Dallas, averaged
$44.50 a week in M ay 1949, while clerk-typists
averaged $36. Within most of the jobs studied,
salaries of half the workers varied by $10 or less.
Thus, earnings of half the general stenographers
and of half the switchboard operators varied by
$8.50 or less a week. The variation in earnings
for women engaged in relative routine copy typing
was even smaller; half of the women in this job
earned between $31 and $35.
There was no highly consistent pattern of
differences in salary levels among industry di
visions. However, salaries tended to be higher
on the average in manufacturing and wholesale
trade than in other industries studied.
The salaries reported in M ay 1949 were higher
on the average than those found in February
1948, the date of an earlier survey. The amount
of increase varied among jobs, but in most oc
cupations salaries reported in the spring of 1949
were 5 to 10 percent higher than in early 1948.
T able 1.— Average weekly salaries 1for women in selected office occupations in Dallas, by industry division, M ay 1949
Occupation and industry division
Esti
Median Salary range
mated Aver
weekly
age
of middle
num weekly
sal
50 percent
ber of salary
ary
8
of
workers
workers
l
Billers, machine (billing machine)
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade............................
Services........................................
292
55
135
27
$40.00
36.50
42.50
39.00
Billers, machine (bookkeeping ma
chine) *8............................- ................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
104
28
41
42.00
47.00
39.50
40.50
48.00
40.00
37.00- 47.00
40.50- 52.00
33.50- 40.50
314
64
61
25
46.50
44.00
54.00
41.00
46.00
45.00
55.00
39.00
39.0035.5050.5032.50-
99
42.00
42.50
34.50- 46.00
35
30
56.00
45.50
55.00
46.50
48.00- 60.50
39.00- 49.00
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class A 8.............................................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.........................
98
22
34
46.50
55.00
45.50
48.50
55.50
49.00
40.00- 52.00
52.00- 60.00
38.00- 49.00
Bookkeeping-machine operators,
class B 8.............................................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
380
52
112
180
39.00
40.50
41.00
37,50
38.00
40.50
38.00
38.00
35.5038.0037.0034.50-
40.50
43.00
44.00
40.50
Calculating • machine op e ra to rs
(Comptometer typ e)8......................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
Retail trade...................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
476
108
164
58
24
42.50
41.50
45.00
37.50
39.00
42.50
42.00
45.50
37.00
41.50
38.0035.0039.0034.5030.00-
46.00
46.00
50.00
42.00
45.00
1,033
217
229
21
36.00
39.50
40.00
33.50
36.00
39.00
40.50
32.00
31.0034.0036.0029.00-
41.00
44.00
44.50
37.00
430
31.50
30.00
27.50- 34.50
91
39.50
39.00
36.00- 43.00
Bookkeepers, hand..............................
Manufacturing....... .......................
Wholesale trade.............................
Betail trade..................................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate..........................................
Transportation, communication,
and other public utilities..........
Services..........................................
Clerk-typists........................................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.................... .—
Retail trade...................................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate....... - ................................
Transportation, communication,
and other public utilities...........
$40.00 $36.00-$42.50
37.00 29.50- 42.50
40.50 39.00- 46.00
39.00 35.50- 42.00
i Excludes pay for overtime.
8 Value above and below which half of workers* salaries fell.
10
55.00
53.00
58.00
49.00
Occupation and industry division
Clerk-typists—C ontinued.
Services..........................................
Esti
Median Salary range
mated Aver
weekly of middle
age
num weekly
sal
50 percent
ber of salary
ary 2 of workers
workers
45
$39.00
Stenographers, general........................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.................... ........
Retail trade...................................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate..........................................
Transportation, communication,
and other public utilities______
Services................................... ......
1,726
514
462
55
44.50
47.00
44.00
40.00
$39.50 $37.00-$42.00
44.00
47.00
43.00
40.00
40.0042.0040.0037.00-
307
41.00
40.50
37.00- 45.00
259
129
45.00
45.00
45.00
45.00
40.00- 49.00
41.50- 49.50
Stenographers, technical8...................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
Transportation, communication,
and other public utilities...........
162
34
37
52.50
57.50
55.00
48.00
57.00
56.00
43.50- 59.00
51.00- 64.50
48.50- 56.50
19
49.50
48.50
37.50- 61.50
Switchboard operators8.......................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
Retail trade...................................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate..........................................
Transportation, communication,
and other public utilities...........
187
52
29
26
40.00
41.00
41.50
33.00
39.50
41.50
43.00
32.50
36.0037.0037.0029.00-
38
41.00
40.50
38.00- 46.00
35
40.50
41.50
36.50- 45.00
Switchboard-operator-receptionists8. .
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate..........................................
Services..........................................
249
87
82
38.50
41.50
38.00
37.50
40.50
36.00
34.50- 42.00
36.00- 46.00
34.50- 40.00
44
19
35.50
37.50
37.00
38.00
32.00- 38.00
34.50- 40.00
Typists, class A 8.................................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate...........................................
191
38.00
35.50
34.50- 42.00
78
37.00
35.50
34.50- 40.00
Typists, class B 8.................................
Manufacturing..............................
Wholesale trade.............................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate..........................................
Transportation, communication,
and other public utilities...........
278
26
36
33.00
36.50
35.50
33.50
35.00
35.50
31.00-35.00
34.00- 40.00
34.50- 37.50
151
31.50
32.00
29.00- 34.50
60
34.00
34.00
31.00- 35.50
8 Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
48.50
50.50
46.00
42.00
44.50
45.50
45.50
38.00
11
D A LLA S
T able 2.— Percentage distribution o f women workers in selected office occupations by weekly salaries 1 in Dallas, M a y 1949
Weekly salaries1
Calcu
BookBooklatingSwitchBillers,
Billers, machine
keepingBook
keepingmachine
Stenog Stenog Switch
Typ
boardClerk- raphers,
machine
(book keepers, machine machine operators typists
raphers,
board
operator- ists,
(billing keeping
(Comp
hand
operators,
operators,
general
technical
receptionoperators
class
A
machine) machine)
class A
tometer
class B
ists
type)
U n d er $29.00
$20.00-$22.49 .
$22.50-$24.99
Typ
ists,
class B
0.8
$25.00-$27.49.........................
$27.50-$29.99.........................
5.5
$30.00-$32.49.........................
$32.50-$34.99.........................
$35.00-$37.49.........................
$37.50-$39.99.........................
$40.00-$42.49.........................
4.5
6.5
20.9
12.3
18.1
$42.50-$44.99.........................
$45.00-$47.49.........................
$47.50-$49.99.........................
12.3
7.5
3.8
7.9
$50.00-$52.49
$52.60-$54.99.........................
$55.00-$57.49.........................
$57.50-$59.99.........................
$60.00-$62.49.........................
$62.50-164.99.........................
$65.00-$67.49.........................
.7
4.5
2.1
6.3
3.2
0.4
7.2
17.1
1.9
11.5
13.5
5.8
26.0
4.8
4.5
7.3
8.6
5.7
5.i
2.1
14.3
4.1
8.9
6.8
17.9
19.5
21.6
1.1
6.5
12.4
11.1
15.6
9.8
14.1
9.5
10.3
12.9
2.2
3.4
7.0
8.2
18.7
0.6
3.7
8.7
6.7
10.6
9.6
8.6
2.9
9.6
12.4
4.8
7.6
4.8
12.2
5.1
26.5
11.2
1.0
5.8
6.6
2.4
1.0
15.1
14.7
8.0
6.1
.6
8.4
7.2
1.2
1.1
.6
16.1
14.3
9.2
8.2
3.4
19.8
3.1
11.7
11.7
1.2
6.1
12.4
.6
.3
1.6
6.1
5.1
4.1
.3
.3
2.3
2.3
.8
.2
3.4
2.5
1.6
.1
.6
11.1
6.2
3.1
4.3
3.1
.1
8.0
1.2
2.5
100.0
100.0
1.9
1.0
$67.50-$69.99.........................
$70.00-$72.49.........................
$72.50-$74.99.........................
$75.00-$79.99.........................
$80.00 and over.....................
2.6
1.0
.2
2.5
.6
1.0
1.6
1.6
.8
.8
2.1
2.2
2.2
16.2
3.2
6.9
22.5
14.4
11.8
6.0
20.5
18.1
14.9
14.1
9.4
25.7
20.4
3.7
15.2
22.7
31.3
14.0
7.9
3.2
13.4
19.8
4.3
.5
10.4
6.0
3.2
2.8
.8
12.1
7.3
2.6
.5
.5
.3
.5
.8
1.3
Total..........................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Estimated number of work
ers......................................
292
104
314
98
380
476
1,033
1,726
162
187
249
191
278
Average weekly salaries 1~ .
$40.00
$42.00
$46.50
$46.50
$39.00
$42.50
$36.00
$44.50
$52.50
$40.00
$38.50
$38.00
$33.00
>Excludes p a ; for overtime.
Washington, D. C., April 1949
Salaries
Salaries of women office employees in private
industry in Washington varied from $34 on the
average for office girls to $59.50 for hand book
keepers in April 1949. Average salaries of women
in about two-thirds of the jobs studied fell between
$40 and $50 a week and salaries of most of the
individual workers studied fell within $37.50 and
$52.50. The numerically most important job
studied in Washington, where there are a relatively
high proportion of small offices, was that of secre
tary; women in this job averaged $56.50 a week.
Other jobs with large numbers of workers were those
of general clerks, general stenographers, and clerktypists with average salaries of $47.50 and $48.50,
and $40, respectively.
Among the nine jobs for which data for men
could be presented, average weekly salaries ranged
from $33.50 for office boys to $65 for hand book
keepers. General clerks were the largest group
of men studied; their average weekly salary was
$55.50.
On an hourly basis, averages for women varied
from 87 cents for office girls to $1.55 for hand
bookkeepers. Secretaries averaged $1.49. Office
boys received 87 cents on the average; men hand
bookkeepers averaged $1.71 and general clerks
received $1.37.
Comparisons with available data on the salaries
of Federal employees indicate broadly that the
average earnings of secretaries and stenographers
in private industry in Washington were close to
those of Government workers in similar jobs.
Available data indicate that in private industry
the highest pay scales were in effect in transpor
tation, communication, and other public utilities.
Next among the six industry divisions surveyed
were the service and manufacturing industries.
Work Schedules
The 40-hour, 5-day week was the most common
single schedule reported for women office workers
in Washington. This is also the work schedule
12
in effect for Federal employees. Less than 10
percent worked more than 5 days a week; only
in the wholesale trade and service industries were
5K-day schedules common. About 1 out of 10
office workers in wholesale trade was scheduled
to work 5% days and a slightly larger number were
required to work some but not all Saturdays.
About 15 percent of the workers in the service
industries worked either a half day every Saturday
or some Saturdays during a month.
Weekly hours varied considerably more than
the number of days worked each week, and a
substantial number of women worked less than
40 hours. Half of the women were on schedules
of between 35 and 40 hours, with 18 percent on
a schedule of 35 hours, and 16 percent on a 37Khour week. Only 4 percent worked over 40 hours.
In manufacturing, almost all the women office
employees were on a 40-hour week, whereas in
transportation, communication, and other public
utilities the most typical workweek was 37% hours.
Some workers in three industry groups— wholesale
trade, retail trade, and services— were scheduled
to work more than 40 hours. These longer work
weeks were most common in wholesale trade.
Paid Vacations
Virtually all office workers were employed in
establishments providing paid vacations after 1
year's service; three-quarters were entitled to at
least 2 weeks' vacation after this amount of ser
vice. The amount of vacation allowed after a
year's employment with a firm varied somewhat
among industry divisions. M ore than four out of
five workers with a year's service in manufactur
ing; finance, insurance, and real estate; and the
service industries, and almost three out of four in
wholesale trade received a 2-week or longer vaca
tion but in retail trade, and in transportation,
communication, and other public utilities a 1-week
vacation was most common. In the latter indus
try divisions, vacations were typically increased
to 2 weeks after 2 years of employment, however.
A few employees in wholesale trade and in the
W ASHINGTON, D. C.
13
service industries worked in offices where there
was no formal provision for paid vacations.
in transportation, communication, and other
public utilities received a nonproduction bonus.
Paid Holidays
Paid Sick Leave
Holidays with pay were provided almost all
Washington office workers. M ost of the offices
without such holidays were in retail trade, where
about one out of five workers received no paid
holidays. The most typical provision was for
eight holidays a year, the number given in the
Federal service; almost three-quarters of Wash
ington office employees in private industry were
allowed this number of holidays with pay. About
1 out of 10 workers received 6 holidays annually
and almost as many were entitled to 7 holidays
with pay. A few workers, m ostly in finance,
insurance, and real estate and in the service indus
tries, had 11 paid holidays a year. In general,
finance, insurance, and real estate had the most
liberal holiday provisions.
M ore than half of the office workers were em
ployed in establishments having formal provisions
for paid sick leave. Service requirements for
eligibility varied, however. Approximately, one
out of four workers became eligible for sick leave
after 6 months of service; almost one-half were
eligible after a year and almost three out of five
were entitled to paid sick leave after 2 years of
service. Practically all employees in transporta
tion, communication, and public utilities were
covered by paid sick leave policies after 2 years
of service; retail trade ranked next. The most
typical amount of sick leave was 12 days after
a year's service.
Nonproduction Bonuses
About two out of every five Washington office
employees worked in establishments providing
nonproduction bonuses; generally, these were paid
at Christmas or the end of the year. Such bonuses
were most widespread in retail trade; and finance,
insurance, and real estate, with about three-fifths
and two-thirds of the workers, respectively, em
ployed where bonuses were reported. Less than
1 out of 20 office workers in manufacturing and
Insurance and Pension Plans
Insurance or pension plans were effective in
offices with about three-fourths of the office work
ers in private industry. Life insurance was most
common, with almost three-fifths of the workers
in offices with such plans. Retirement pensions
ranked next; half of the office workers were
employed in establishments with this type of
provision. A t least four-fifths of the employees
in each industry group, except wholesale trade
and the service industries, worked in establish
ments with some type of insurance or pension plan.
14
S A LA R IE S OF OFFICE W O RKERS
T a b le 1.— Salaries 1 and weekly scheduled hours o f work for selected office occupations in Washington, D. C b y industry
division , A pril 1949
Sex, occupation, and
industry division
Average—
Esti
M e
Salary
mated
dian
range of
Week
numweek
middle
50
Hour
ber of Week ly
percent of
ly
work
sched ly salary3
ly
workers
ers salary uled
rate
hours
Men
Bookkeepers, hand 3.......
Wholesale trade........
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Services.....................
Bookkeeping-m achine
operators, class B .........
Clerks, accounting..........
Manufacturing.........
Wholesale trade........
Retail trade...............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Transportation, com
munication, and
other public util
ities.........................
Services.....................
Women—Continued
$1.71 $62.00 $57.50-$75.00
1.76 74.00 57.50- 82.50
38.0
40.0
71
59
58.50
67.50
36.5
36.5
1.60
1.85
57.50
63.50
52. GO- 62.00
57.50- 76.00
ywholesale trade........
Retail trade...............
51
39.50
40.5
.98
36.50
36.50- 42.00
292
57
37
52
49.00
49.50
48.50
47.50
40.0
39.5
44.0
40.5
1.23
1.25
1.10
1.17
47.00
50.00
46.00
47.00
40.5045. GO42.5037.50-
Calculating-machine op
erators (other than
Comptometer type) 3__
Retail trade...............
40
45.50
39.0
1.17
42.00
39. GO- 48.50
55.00
55.00
50.50
57.50
56.00
47.50
40.0
38.0
1.40
1.25
56.00
45.00
48.00- 66.50
40. GO- 54.00
39
36.50
38.0
.96
34.50
34.50- 40.00
......... .
Clerks, general
Manufacturing------Wholesale trade-----Retail trade............. .
Finance, insurance,
and real estate___
Services.....................
348
37
70
36
55.50
52.00
60.00
50.50
40.5
40.5
43.0
41.0
1.37
1.28
1.40
1.23
55.00
47.00
60.00
48.00
46. GO- 60.50
45.00- 61.00
50.00- 65.00
41.00- 58.00
77
64
51.00
60.00
37.5
40.5
1.36
1.48
46.00
56.00
40.50- 63.00
46.00- 62.00
Clerks, order3.........
Wholesale trade.
109
91
50.00
50.50
40.5
41.0
1.23
1.23
44.00
44.00
41. CO- 60.00
41.00- 60.00
Clerks, pay roll.
26
52.00
41.5
1.25
53.50
39.50- 63.00
Clerk-typists3.................
Transportation, com
munication, and
other public util
ities.........................
48
47.00
39.5
1.19
49.50
44.50- 50.50
30
46.50
39.5
1.18
49.50
39.50- 51.50
Office boy s3.....................
Manufacturing-------Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Transportation, com
munication, and
other public util
ities........................
Services.....................
307
57
33.50
31.00
38.5
40.0
.87
.78
33.50
31.00
31.00- 36.00
29.50- 31.00
53
34.00
38.0
.89
33.50
31.50- 35.50
34.00
34.50
37.5
38.5
.91
.90
31.50
35.00
31. GO- 36.00
31. 50- 37.00
28
146
Women
Billers, machine (billing
machine)3....................
Retail trade..............
Billers, machine (book
keeping machine)........
Bookkeepers, hand3.......
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Services.....................
68
49
39.50
38.00
40.0
39.5
.99
.96
40.00
39.00
33.GO- 43.00
33. 50- 42.00
71
46.00
39.0
1.18
47.00
42. GO- 50.00
414
59.50
38.5
1.55
57.50
52. 00- 63.50
142
208
55.50
61.00
38.0
38.5
1.46
1.58
52.50
57.50
50. GO- 60.00
52.00- 68.50
40.50
38.50- 46.00
Bookkeeping-machine
operators, class A 3......
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
134
43.50
38.0
1.14
114
41.50
37.5
1.11
40.50
38.50- 45.00
Bookkeeping-m achine
operators, class B 3......
Retail trade...... .......
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
350
38
40.50
38.00
39.5
40.5
1.03
.94
40.00
37.50
37. GO- 43.50
33.50- 41.00
266
40.00
39.5
1.01
39.00
37.00- 42.00
See footnotes at end of table, p. 15.
Calculating-machine op
erators (Comptometer
208 $65.00
41 70.50
35
71
Clerks, file, class B
Sex, occupation, and
industry division
Average—
EstiSalary
M e
mated
dian
range of
num
Week
week
middle
50
ber of Week ly
Hour
percent of
ly
work
sched ly salary3
ly
workers
ers salary uled
rate
hours
216 $45.50
26 47.50
119 44.00
39.5
39.0
40.0
$1.15 $45.00 $41.00-$48.00
1.22 46.00r 42.50- 50.00
1.10 45.00 40.00- 47.50
56
26
41.00
41.00
39.5
39.5
1.04
1.04
40.00
40.00
38.00- 45.50
37.00- 43.00
Clerks, accounting3........
Manufacturing..........
Wholesale trade........
Retail trade...............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Services.....................
985
60
62
178
46.50
47.50
48.00
43.50
38.5
39.5
39.5
40.5
1.21
1.20
1.22
1.07
46.00
48.00
48.00
43.00
282
229
42.00
50.50
38.0
38.0
1.11
1.33
41.50
50.50
40.06-53.00
40.00- 53.00
40.00- 54.50
37.50- 49.50
37.00- 45. 00
46.00- 56.00
Clerks, file, class A 3.......
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Services......................
298
47.00
39.0
1.21
46.00
41.00- 52.00
76
184
43.50
48.50
38.5
38.5
1.13
1.26
40.50
48.00
38.50-49.00
44.50- 52.00
Clerks, file, class B 3.......
Retail trade...............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Services.....................
521
33
37.00
33.00
38.0
39.6
.97
.84
218
163
35.00
38.00
38.0
38.0
.92
1.00
Clerks, general3.............. 2,238
Manufacturing..........
100
Wholesale trade........
194
Retail trade...............
323
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
354
Services......................
615
47.50
52.00
47.50
39.00
39.0
40.0
40.0
40.5
1.22
1.30
1.19
.96
43.50
51.50
37.5
39.0
1.16
1.32
42.50
50.00
38.00- 46.50
45.50- 56.50
Clerks, order3.................
Manufacturing.........
Wholesale trade-____
Retail trade...............
247
48
48
121
38.00
40.00
39.00
35.00
39.0
40.0
39.0
40.0
.97
1.00
1.00
.88
36.50
39.50
35.50
33.00
33.0037.5034.5032.00-
Clerks, pay roll3_______
Retail trade...............
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Transportation, com
munication, and
other public utili
ties..........................
183
50
47.50
43.50
39.0
40.0
1.22
1.09
45.00
42.50
40.00- 53.50
37.50- 47.50
53
43.50
36.5
1.19
40.50
37.00- 49.50
w
36.00 34.00-39.00
32.50 30.00- 35.00
l •
34.50 33.50- 37.00
37.00 35.00- 40.00
*
46.00 40.50- 55.00
50.00 42.00- 62.00
43.50 40.00- 55.00
38.00 35.00- 42.00
w
m
43.00
42.00
43.50
37.00
49
54.00
39.5
1.37
55.00
46.50- 61.00
Clerk-typists................... 1,513
Manufacturing..........
41
Wholesale trade........
112
Retail trade...............
134
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
701
Transportation, com
munication, and
other public utili
ties..........................
69
Services-....................
456
40.00
44.00
39.50
37.50
38.5
40.0
39.5
40.5
1.04
1.10
1.00
.93
38.00
43.50
40.00
36.00
35.0039.5035.0034.50-
38.00
37.5
1.01
37.00
34.50-^40.00
47.00
42.00
39.5
38.0
1.19
1.11
48.50
40.50
42.00- 53.50
36.50- 46.00
Office girls........................
70
34.00
39.0
.87
33.50
31.00-37.50
Secretaries........................ 3,988
Manufacturing..........
72
Wholesale trade........
209
Retail trade...............
110
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
492
Transportation, com
munication, and
other public utili
ties..........................
136
Services..................... 2,969
56.50
56.50
51.50
54.50
38.0
39.5
39.0
40.5
1.49
1.43
1.32
1.35
55.00
55.00
52.00
52.50
49.5052.0046.0048.00-
54.00
38.5
1.40
52.00
46.00- 60.00
60.50
57.00
38.0
38.0
1.59
1.50
63.00
56.50
54.50-^67.50
50.00-162.50
43.50
48.50
42.00
40.00
62.00
57.50
57.50
60.00
15
W ASHINGTON, D. 0.
T a ble 1.— Salaries 1 and weekly scheduled hours o f work for selected office occupations in Washington , D . <7., by industry
division , A pril 1949— Continued
Sex, occupation, and
industry division
Average—
EstiMe
mated
dian
Week
num
week
WeekHourber of
ly
ly
work
sched i ?
rate salary*
ers salary uled
hours
Salary
range of
middle 50
percent of
workers
!y
W^OTiusn—Continued
Switchboard operators *..
Wholesale trade........
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate___
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ,
com m unication,
and other public
utilities...................
Services......................
Sex, occupation, and
industry division
Women—Continued
Stenographers, general... 1,668 $48.50
Manufacturing.........
42 48.00
Wholesale trade........
165 48.00
Retail trade...............
137 45.50
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
380 45.50
Transportation, com*
munication, and
other public utili
ties..........................
90 50.50
Services. .
844 50.00
Stenographers, techni
cal 8_____ ___________
Services......................
Average—
Esti
Salary
Memated
dian
range of
Week
num
week
middle
50
WeekHour
ber of
ly
percent of
ly
work
sched ly
}y
salary uled
rate salary2 workers
ers
hours
38.5
39.5
39.5
40.0
$1.26 $48.00 $44.00-$52.00
1.22 48.00 44.00- 52.50
1.22 46.00 45.00- 50.00
1.14 45.00 40.00- 48.50
38.0
1.20
45.00
40.00- 49.00
39.0
38.5
1.29
1.30
51.00
49.50
47.00- 55.00
46.00- 54.00
308
289
51.50
51.50
38.5
38.5
1.34
1.34
52.00
52.00
48.00- 54.50
46.00- 54.50
344
53
77
41.50
41.00
38.00
40.0
39.5
40.5
1.04
1.04
.94
40.00
40.00
37.50
36.00- 46.00
38.50- 42.00
35.00- 41.50
108
37.00
40.0
.93
38.00
34.50- 40.50
31
53
47.50
50.50
38.0
40.0
1.25
1.26
49.50
52.50
44.50- 51.00
40.00- 57.50
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime.
8 Value above and below which half of workers' salaries fell.
Switchboard-operatorreceptionists 8________
Wholesale trade.........
Finance, insurance,
and real estate.......
Services.....................
Transcribing-machine
operators, general8.......
Finance, insurance,
321 $41.50
68 44.00
39.0
39.5
39
162
37.00
42.00
37.5
38.5
123
$1.06 $40.00 $37.00-$46.0<
1.11 40.00 39.00- 50.0<
.99
1.09
37.00
41.50
35.00- 40.5(
36.50- 48.0<
42.50
37.5
1.13
43.00
37.00- 47.0(
49
57
41.50
43.50
37.5
36.0
1.11
1.21
42.00
43.00
34.50- 47.0(
41.50- 46.0C
Typists, class A 8_______
Finance, insurance,
and real estate......
Services......................
263
44.50
38.5
1.16
44.00
40.50- 48.0(
69
98
43.50
46.50
37.0
39.0
1.18
1.19
43.00
48.00
41.50-46.0C
43.00- 49.5(
Typists, class B 3____ _
Finance, insurance,
and real estate___
Services......................
444
37.00
38.5
.96
37.00
34.50- 40.0C
36.50
38.00
38.5
38.5
.95
.99
35.50
38.00
34.50- 38. OC
34.50- 40.5G
and real cstata
Services......................
228
94
* Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
T able 2.— Percentage distribution o f workers in selected office occupations by weekly salaries 1in Washington , D. C., A pril 1949
Percent of women—
Percent of men—
Weekly salaries1
Book
keepers,
hand
Bookkeepingmachine
operators,
class B
Clerks,
account
ing
Clerks,
general
Clerks,
order
Under $20.00........................................................................
$20.00-$22.49.........................................................................
$22fift-$24Afl
$25.00-$27.49....................
$27
Oft
$30.00-$32.49.........................................................................
$32.50-$34.99.........................................................................
$35.00-$37.49..................................................................
$37.50-139.99.........................................................................
$40.00-$42.49........................................................................
$42.50-$44.99.........................................................................
$45.00-$47.49.........................................................................
$47.50-$49.99.....................................................................
$50.00-$52.49.....................................................................
$52.50-$54.99.........................................................................
$55.00-$57.49.........................................................................
$57.50-$59.99.........................................
$60.00-$62.49...............................................................
$62.50-$64.99..................................................................
$65.00-$67.49.........................................................................
$67.50-$69.99.....................................................................
$70.00-$72.49...............................................................
$72.50-$74.99.......................................................................
$75.00-$79.99.........................................
......
$S0n0-$84 99
$85.00-$89.99.........................................................................
$90.00-$94.99.........................................................................
$95.00-$99.99....................................
$100.00 and nvw
Total
Estimated number of workers—........................................
Average weekly salaries!. _ _
_
_ _
See footnote at end of table, p. 16.
4.8
.5
8.1
.5
1.0
30.3
5.8
6.7
7.7
1.9
4.3
1.9
12.0
5.3
1.0
5.8
.5
1.9
100.0
208~
$65.00
2.0
15.7
33.3
13.7
13.7
3.9
3.9
7.9
2*0
3.9
8.6
6.2
16.1
4.8
14.7
4.8
11.3
.5.8
6.8
5.8
6.2
4.8
1.7
1.4
1.0
0.3
1.1
4.9
2.3
8.6
1.7
11.2
4.9
8.6
5.2
10.1
8.3
10.6
2.3
4.3
2.6
3.2
2.3
3.4
.6
.6
3.7
16.5
11.0
24.8
3.7
3.7
5.5
Office
boys
2.3
4.2
15.7
24.1
17.9
16.6
6.2
7.5
2.0
2.9
.3
.3
Billers,
machine
(billing
machine)
2.9
19.1
7.4
8.8
10.3
25.0
2.9
10.3
13.3
4.6
9.2
5.5
2.7
Billers,
machine
(book
keeping
machine)
4.2
1.4
7.0
2.8
14.1
4.2
18.3
10.0
28.2
1.4
5.6
2.8
.9
5.5
2.7
Book
keepers,
hand
2.2
8.2
5.3
15.7
5.6
2.7
21.7
11.3
2.6
4.1
5.1
1.4
.5
5.6
4.6
.5
2.9
2.9
100.0
5l"
$39.50
100.0
292~
$49.00
100.0
100.0
348~
$55.50
109~
$50.00
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
307*
$33.50
68~
$39.50
$46.00
414
$59.50
S A L A R IE S OF OFFICE W O RKERS
16
T able 2.— Percentage distribution of workers in selected office occupations by weekly salaries 1 in Washington, D. C.,
A pril 1$4£~~Continued
Percent of women—
Weekly salaries1
Calculat
Calculat
ingBookkeep Bookkeep
ingingingClerks,
machine
machine
machine
operators account
machine
operators
ing
operators, operators, (Comptom (other than
class B
class A
eter type) Comptom
eter type)
Under $2(1.Oft
_______
$9n nn-.$99 a .q
.$99 Sft-$94 QO
$25.00-827.49
$27 50-$29 09
$ar\ on-$29 aq
$32 50-$34 99
_______
$35.00-$37.49....................................................
$37.Kft-$39 99
$4ftftft-.$42I40
$42 Kft-$44 09
$45ftft-$47 49
$47fift-$40Q0
$50.00-$52.49....................................................
$53 KO-$54 00
$55 00-$57 49
$57 5ft-$5Q 00
$fift ftft-.$fi9 40
$62.50-$64.99....................................................
$«5 ftft-$fi7 40
$07 5ft-$fi0 00
$7ft ftO-$79. 40
$72 5ft-$74 00
$7Kiftft-$70,00
$8ft ftft-$«4 00
$«5 ftft-$8Q 00
$Qft ftft-$04 00
$95 ftft-$90 00
$100.00 and over
_
_
__
Total
Estimated number of workers _ _
Average weekly salaries 1
2.6
7.4
22.0
16.9
23.1
6.6
15.7
3.1
1.4
.3
.9
3.8
25.4
33.6
.7
20.2
5.2
2.2
.7
3.0
* 3.8
.7
0.9
4.7
7.0
18.5
11.1
19.0
17.1
6.0
6.5
4.2
3.2
.9
.9
7.1
12.5
19.7
23.2
10.7
21.4
1.8
1.8
1.8
.7
1.5
5.8
6.8
9.3
12.7
8.7
8.5
10.0
11.4
6.2
8.9
6.0
2.0
.7
.8
.4
.1
.1
.1
Clerks,
file,
class A
1.7
8.1
11.7
10.4
7.1
11.7
12.1
16.1
7.7
4.4
6.7
.3
1.3
.7
Clerks,
file,
class B
0.8
10.2
27.5
27.8
11.7
8.6
4.2
2.3
4.4
1.0
1.5
Clerks,
general
2.5
3.0
8.1
7.1
10.9
9.8
13.4
6.1
8.4
4.1
9.3
7.6
3.8
2.5
1.2
.3
.3
.4
.6
.1
Clerks,
order
17.0
23.1
15.0
9.3
9.3
15.0
4.9
1.2
3.2
1.2
.4
.4
Clerks,
pay roll
3.8
10.9
6.6
16.4
8.7
8.7
7.7
9.8
3.8
5.5
4.4
6.6
.6
2.2
1.1
1.6
1.6
.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
134
$43.50
350
$40.50
216
$45.50
56
$41.00
985
$46.50
298
$47.00
521
$37.00
2,238
$47.50
247
$38.00
183
$47.50
Transcribingmachine
operators,
general
Typists,
class A
Percent of women—
Weekly salaries1
Under $20.00. _____________________________
$2ft00-$22 40
$22.50-$24.00
...
___ _
$25 00-$27.40
_
___ _________
$27.5ft-$20.00 __ _
_____________________
$3ft.ftft-$32.49
____________
__________
$32fift-$34Q0
$35 00-$37 40
$37.5ft-$30.09
$4ft.ft(V-$42.40.
...
....
___
$42.5ft-$44.00 _.
___
____ __________
$45ftft-$47.40
$47.50~$4Q.00
$5ft.ftft-$52.40
_
$52.5ft-$54. 00
$55.0ft-$57.49___ ____ _______ ____________
$57.5ft-$59.99
$fift.ftft-$fi2.40
$fi2.50-$64.99 _.
__
..... .....
$fi5.ftft-$07.40
$07.50-$fi0.00 _
$70.0ft-$72.49___
________
___ ___
$72.5ft-$74.99 ...
___
....
$75.00-$79.90________ _____________________
$R0.0n-$84.90 _
..... ..... ____ ___
$R5.ftft-$39.99 _
$00.ftft-$94.99________________________________
$95.ftft-$99.90________________________________
$100.00 and over
_ .
__ __ _ _ ______
Total________________
Estimated number of workers. _
Average weekly salaries1................................................................
1 Excludes premium pay for overtime.
Clerktypists
3.9
17.7
22.1
13.5
15.5
5.8
7.9
4.2
4.7
2.9
1.6
Office
girls
8.6
8.6
27.1
15.7
8.6
8.6
21.4
1.4
.1
.1
Secre
taries
0.8
.7
1.1
2.8
3.8
7.7
* 8.3
14.4
3.8
10.4
13.3
9.0
4.6
4.9
6.5
1.7
1.1
2.4
2.0
.3
SwitchStenog Stenog Switch
boardraphers, raphers,
board
operatorgeneral technical operators receptionists
0.7
3.3
3.6
9.8
9.1
18.4
17.6
15.0
6.0
6.2
4.3
3.1
1.0
1.2
.4
.1
.2
9.7
14.6
19.5
26.3
10.4
3.6
4.9
5.8
3.9
10.5
.9
7.0
10.4
15.4
18.6
8.1
6.7
4.7
5.8
3.8
2.0
4.9
1.3
.3
.3
.6
3.7
7.5
15.6
15.9
20.5
7.2
8.1
8.1
5.9
3.1
4.4
15.5
11.4
2.4
13.0
24.4
10.6
14.6
5.7
1.6
.8
5.3
&4
23.9
13.3
18.3
19.4
5.7
3.8
1.5
.4
Typists,
class B
0.2
10.8
29.3
17.6
15.1
14.9
8.3
2.7
.7
.4
.3
.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.6
1,513
$40.00
70
$34.00
3,988
$56.50
1,658
$48.50
308
$51.50
344
$41.50
321
$41.50
123
$42.50
263
$44.50
444
$37.00
17
W ASHINGTON, D. C.
T able 3.— Scheduled weekly hours of women in Washington , D. C.f offices, A p ril 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Weekly hours
All indus
tries
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
All offices employing women................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
Under 35 hours.......................................................................................
35 hours—..............................................................................................
Over 35 and under 37^ hours...............................................................
37H hours.................... ........_................................................................
Over
and under 40 hours...............................................................
40 hours..................................................................................................
Over 40 and under 44 hours........ ...................... ...... ......... ..................
44 hours............ .....................................................................................
Over 44 and under 48 hours. . . . . .
48 hours
_
. _ _
Over 48 hours. __
_ _ _
0.1
18.0
3.5
16.2
13.2
45.0
1.6
1.8
.4
.2
1.6
96.3
7.4
9.6
8.4
.9
59.1
10.6
2.6
1.4
Z7H
2.1
Retail
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public
utilities
100.0
100.0
21.9
7.0
14.5
22.6
33.8
.1
6.2
100.0
6.7
.5
87.1
4.5
.8
.4
48.3
16.4
29.1
.1
Services
100.0
0.3
30.2
3.1
9.9
13.3
37.3
2.3
2.8
.4
.4
T able 4.— Scheduled days in workweek o f women in Washington, D. C., offices, A p ril 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Days in week
All offices employing women __
SH.
days.
_
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public
utilities
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
90.4
6.4
.3
2.9
96.3
3.7
76.3
9.8
93.8
5.6
.6
94.3
5.3
.1
.3
100.0
84.6
9.9
.4
5.1
5 days.....................................................................................................
_ __
6 days.....................................................................................................
__________ ___ _
Other
13.9
Retail
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
All indus
tries
Services
T able 5.— Vacations with pay in Washington , D. Co f f i c e s , A pril 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public
utilities
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.8
25.7
100.0
74.5
99.9
3.3
99.9
71.1
98.8
2.8
72.1
22.2
3.3
89.2
7.4
28.8
.1
A
63.2
32.8
Vacation policy
All offices studied
______
1 year of service
All indus
tries
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.4
24.5
100.0
13.3
60.5
14.4
86.7
Offices with paid vacations _ __
1 week........................................................... .................................
Over 1 and under 2 weeks _ __
2 weeks___________________________________________________
Over 2 weeks
.
Offices with no paid vacations. _ _
_
Information not available.... ................................................................
%years of service
.6
1 week_______________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks ___ ______ _
2 weeks
_ ......
Over 2 weeks
... _ ____
5 years of service
Offices with paid vacations. _ . _ __
1 week___________________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks.. ... __ _
2 w eeks.........................................................................................
Over 2 weeks
^
i Less than 0.05 o f 1 percent.
1.2
100.0
2.1
97.8
12.1
100.0
3.6
99.9
.7
99.9
98.8
1.6
80.3
17.0
97.9
85.7
91.9
4.5
91.8
7.4
99.9
57.8
39.4
.1
.1
1.2
1.8
.6
.4
0)
99.4
1.0
100.0
97.8
3.7
100.0
99.9
.7
99.9
98.8
1.6
71.2
27.2
35.2
64.8
93.2
.9
95.5
4.5
69.6
29.6
99.9
51.2
46.0
.1
.1
1.2
Offices with no paid vacations________
Information not available.....................................................................
Services
99.4
2.1
__ _ _
Offices with no paid vacations..............................................................
Information not available
_ _
..........
................
1.8
.4
<9
Offices with paid vacations___
RetaO
trade
.6
<9
1.8
.4
18
S A LA R IE S OF OFFICE W O RKERS
T able 6.— Paid holidays in Washington, D . C., offices, A pril 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Number of paid holidays
All offices studied_ _, _ __
.
.
Offices providing paid holidays.. . ..
. ..
_ _
Number of holidays:
1 to fi
_ __
fi
_
_____
________________________________
.
_ __________ _____________________
________ ________ ________________________
7
7H
_
_________________
8
.. .
_
... . _____
_ _
....
____
________
0
. . . . . . . . __________________ __
____ ______
11
_
Offlnes providing no paid holidays. _
&H
All indus
tries
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.4
100.0
99.1
19.8
9.5
13.1
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public
utilities
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80.5
99.7
100.0
99.7
1.2
2.7
.3
9.0
Retail
trade
.8
9.7
2.7
8.9
54.5
12.6
.3
32.2
21.9
7.0
<Vo
25.7
62.8
19.1
1.4
.4
1.5
2.6
1.1
.9
19.5
3.4
2.0
88.4
5.2
.1
1.4
.3
95.3
Services
11.1
.1
75.2
.2
.8
3.0
.3
i Less than 0.05 of 1 percent.
T able 7.— Nonproduction bonuses in Washington, D. C., offices, A pril 1949
Percent of office workers employed in—
Type of bonus
All indus
tries
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
All offices studied..................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
Offices with nonproduction bemuses....................................................
Christmas or year end....................................................................
39.4
34.0
.5
4.9
4.7
4.7
25.5
18.4
.9
6.2
60.6
95.3
74.5
Profit-sharing.
Other
__
_
.
.
.
__ _ _
Offices with no nonproduction bonuses...............................................
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public
utilities
100.0
100.0
-100.0
100.0
59.1
45.6
3.4
10.1
68.3
57.6
1.6
1.6
35.8
34.3
40.9
31.7
98.4
64.2
Retail
trade
10.7
Services
1.5
19
W ASHINGTON, D . O.
T a ble 8.— Formal provisions fo r paid sick leave in Washington , D . C., offices, A pril 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in—
Provisions for paid sick leave
All offices studied..................................................................................
Retail
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, communication, f Services
and other
public
utilities
All indus
tries
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
26.5
43.9
22.2
15.2
20.1
19.4
36.6
.8
9.2
.2
3.6
6.6
1.8
2.1
2.2
1.3
3.9
2.8
3.8
3.8
.5
10.4
7.5
1.3
6 months of service
Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave...............................
Under 5 days_______________ ____ _____
_ _
_______
5 days___'
.
_____
6 days
_
.......
_.
7-7 W days _
10 d ays...__________________________ ____________ __________
12days _ __ ___
_ ...
14-15 days. . . . . . .
_ _
20 davs.L________________________________
_ ____
Over 2ft days. ._
25.8
10.1
2.5
i.5
19.3
.1
4.4
2.8
.5
5.9
3.6
63.4
7.8
g||
•
4.6
5.2
17.9
10. i
73.5
56.1
77.8
84.8
79.9
80.6
Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave................................
Under 5 days___________________________ __
____
_ _
5 davs_________________________________
_ _
6 davs___________________________
7-7V6 days
___
10 days_________________________________ .
12 days.............................................................................................
14-15 davs________ ____________________________
20 davs____________________________________
Over 20 d ay s..________________ _____ ___________
47.4
4.7
2.2
3.4
1.0
6.9
20.0
2.2
3.6
3.4
43.9
35.3
65.0
38.2
6.5
4.8
38.8
44.3
51.1
2 .i
3.3
r i 10.1
7.2
20.1
16.4
17.9
.3
3.8
8.5
1.5
.2
2.9
2.5
4.6
28.2
1.6
5.9
5.2
Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave..........................
52.6
56.1
64.7
35.0
61.2
55.7
48.9
Offices with formal provisions for paid sick leave...............................
Under 5 days____________________________
5 days_______________________________________
6 days______________________________________
7-714 davs. _ . . . . _
10 days __
12 davs__________ _______ _______________________
14-15 days .
_ _ _____
20d a y s.
.. .
. .
... .
Over 20 days....................................................................................
56.9
5.4
2.1
2.8
.9
3.8
9.7
4.2
6.1
21.9
43.9
38.5
70.5
43.7
6.5
38.8
99.0
51.1
3.9
2. 8
1.3
25.8
10.7
3.5
.5
9.5
7.5
2 .i
8.1
10.1
6.8
10.1
4.6
7.9
2.6
.3
16.0
17.9
24.9
56.2
.2
2.9
2. 0
4.6
14.3
2.1
5.9
19.1
Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave..........................
43.1
56.1
61.5
29.5
61.2
1.0
48.9
Offices with no formal provisions for paid sick leave..........................
1 year of service
2 years of service
io T
1.3
3.9
2.8
3.5
.5
9.5
7.5
25.8
10.1
3.6
2.2
5.2
2.2
5.2
T able 9.— Insurance and pension plans in Washington , D. C., offices, A pril 1949
Percent of workers employed in offices in —
Type of plan
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Transporta
tion, com
munication,
and other
public
utilities
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
69.3
61.1
5.5
34.3
19.3
90.6
84.5
34.5
53.6
60.9
84.4
67.9
6.6
53.2
29.5
99.5
47.0
8.5
99.0
16.4
59.3
46.8
7.8
33.3
16.5
30.7
9.4
15.6
.5
40.7
All indus
tries
Manufac
turing
Wholesale
trade
All offices studied..................................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
Offices with insurance pension plans1.................................................
Life insurance..................................................................................
Health insurance.............................................................................
Retirement pension........................................................................
Other...............................................................................................
77.4
59.2
12.8
51.2
27.2
90.6
90.6
63.8
35.3
67.9
Offices with no insurance or pension plans..........................................
22.6
9.4
1 Unduplicated total.
Retail
trade
Services
Appendix A
Scope and M ethod o f Survey
The information presented in this bulletin was
collected by visit of field representatives of the
Bureau to representative offices in two of the three
cities surveyed and by visit and mail questionnaire
in the third (Dallas). In classifying workers by
occupation, uniform job descriptions were used;
they are presented in appendix B. The primary
purpose of the Bureau’s job descriptions is to
assist its field staff in classifying workers, who are
employed under a variety of pay-roll titles and
different work arrangements from office to office
and area to area, into appropriate occupations.
This is essential in order to permit the grouping
of occupational wage rates representing compa
rable job content. Because of this emphasis on
interoffice and interarea comparability of occu
pational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions
differ significantly from those in use in individual
establishments or prepared for other purposes.
In view of these special characteristics of the
Bureau’s revised job descriptions, their adoption
without modification by any single establishment
or for any other purpose than that indicated herein
is not recommended. Where office workers regu
larly perform duties classified in more than one
occupation, they are generally classified according
to the most skilled or responsible duties that
are a regular part of their job and that are
significant in determining their value to the firm.
The study covered six broad industry divisions
and in each division only establishments above a
certain size were studied. Because of the relative
importance of small offices in Washington, D . C.,
establishments below the minimum size studied in
other communities were included in certain indus
try divisions in this city. In other cities, office
employment in smaller establishments was not
considered sufficiently great to warrant inclusion
of such establishments in the survey. The indus
tries included in the study together with the
minimum size of establishments and the number
of establishments surveyed in each of the three
cities reported on in this bulletin are summarized
in table A -l.
Estimated employment in these industry divi
sions, in establishments of the size included in the
survey, is presented in table A -2.
A greater proportion of large than of small
establishments was studied in order to maximize
the proportion of office workers surveyed with
available resources. Each size of establishment
group was, however, given only its proper influ
ence on the information presented. The number
of establishments in each size category and total
employment in these establishments are summa
rized in tables A -3 and A -4.
T a ble A - l .— Estimated number o f establishments and number studied, by industry division , in 8 selected cities , A p ril-M a y 1949
Number of establishments in—
Industry division
Minimum
size of es
tablishm ent1
Cincinnati
Estimated
total
ATI divisions __ .
_ _
_ __ ____ .....
Manufacturing...................................................................................
Wholesale trade2................................................................................
Retail trade4......................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................
Transportation, communication, and other public utilities8.........
Services7.............................................................................................
1 Number of plant and office workers.
2 Includes manufacturers* sales offices in Washington.
* Except in Washington where manufacturers’ sales offices of all sizes were
covered.
4 Department stores were not studied in Cincinnati; limited-price stores
were not studied in Washington.
8 Except in Washington where insurance and real estate offices of all sizes
were covered.
20
100
*25
100
8 25
100
»25
635
269
204
24
81
20
37
Washington
Dallas
Studied
163
52
39
9
26
14
23
Estimated
total
467
106
170
19
83
40
49
Studied
156
39
39
15
30
19
14
Estimated
total
2,606
36
344
64
410
12
1,740
Studied
364
18
50
27
67
10
192
• Excludes railroads.
7 Business services; and such professional services as engineering, archi
tectural, accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping firms; motion pictures;
and nonprofit membership organizations.
8 Except in Washington where legal services; professional services as engi
neering, architectural, accounting, auditing; and bookkeeping firms; and
nonprofit membership organizations of all sizes were covered.
21
A P P E N D IX A
T able
A -2 .— Estimated total employment and number employed in establishments studied, by industry division , in 3 selected
cities , A p ril-M a y 1949
Employment in—
Cincinnati
Washington
Dallas
Industry division
Estimated
total i
In establishments
studied
Total 1
All divisions....................................................
Manufacturing........ ................................
Wholesale trade........................................
Retail trade...............................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate.........
Transportation, communication, and
other public utilities.............................
Services.....................................................
Office
Total 1
Estimated
total *
Office
In establishments
studied
Office
Total 1
129,100
92,500
9,600
4,900
7,200
62,200
38,900
2.700
2,900
4.700
16,000
7,000
700
500
*4,700
75,300
27.700
10.700
10,500
8,200
46,800
13,700
4,100
9.900
4.900
11,800
2,500
1,100
1,000
*4,900
96,400
9,600
9,900
33,000
12,200
63,600
6,600
3,200
26,000
5,900
19,600
900
600
3,400
*5,900
12,200
2,700
11,000
2,000
2,200
900
15.700
2,500
13,200
1,000
2,100
200
17,600
14,100
17,300
4,600
5,000
3,800
1 Plant and office employment.
T able
In establishments
studied
Estimated
total1
* N o attempt was made to separate plant and office employment.
A -3 .— Estimated number o f establishments and number studied in 3 selected cities , by size o f establishment,
A p ril-M a y 1949
Number of establishments in—
Cincinnati
Size of establishment1
Estimated
total
All size groups............................................................................................
501 and over.........................................................................................
251-500..................................................................................................
101-250..................................................................................................
26-100 *.................................................................................................
1 Plant and office employment.
* Except in Washington, D . O., where establishments of less than 26 were
T able
Estimated
total
Studied
163
37
16
42
68
635
59
58
216
302
Washington
Dallas
Studied
Estimated
total
156
22
25
50
59
467
24
39
131
273
Studied
364
27
17
47
273
2,606
27
24
125
2,430
studied in some industry groups. There 204 out of an estimated total of 2,040
establishments of less than 26 employees were studied.
A -4 .— Estimated total employment and number employed in establishments studied in 3 cities, by size of establishment,
A p ril-M a y 1949
Total employment in—
S
129,100
62,000
20,800
33,200
13,100
.CO
All size groups.................................................
501 and over..............................................
251-500.......................................................
101-250.......................................................
26-100*......................................................
H ill
T ota l1
16,000
10,100
2,600
1,800
1,500
In establishments
studied
T otal1
Office
1 Plant and office employment.
* Except in Washington, D. C., where establishments of less than 26 were
Studied in some industry groups. The estimated total employment in these
Estimated
total1
75,300
28.900
13,400
20,100
12.900
46,800
26,900
8,900
7,800
3,200
Estimated
total1
In establishments
studied
T ota l1
Office
i l
In establishments
studied
m
Estimated
total1
Washington
Dallas
Cincinnati
Size of establishment1
96,400
46.800
7,800
19.800
22,000
63,600
46,800
5.700
7,400
3.700
Office
19,600
11,000
2,800
3,100
2,700
groups of offices is 6,000, of which approximately 600 were in the establish
ments studied. Almost all were office employees.
Appendix B
Descriptions o f Occupations Studied
Biller, Machine
Bookkeeper, Hand
A worker who prepares statements, bills, and
invoices on a machine other than an ordinary
typewriter. M ay also keep records as to billings
or shipping charges or perform other clerical work
incidental to billing operations. Should be desig
nated as working on billing machine or book
keeping machine as described below.
A worker who keeps a set of books for recording
business transactions and whose work involves
most oj the following: posting and balancing sub
sidiary ledgers, cash books or journals, journalizing
transactions where judgment is involved as to
accounts affected; posting general ledger; and
taking trial balances. M ay also prepare account
ing statements and bills; may direct work of
assistants or accounting clerks.
Billing Machine
A worker who uses a special billing machine
(M oon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs,
etc., which are combination typing and adding
machines) to prepare bills and invoices from
customers’ purchase orders, internally pre
pared order, shipping memoranda, etc. Usu
ally involves application of predetermined
discounts and shipping charges, and entry of
necessary extensions, which may or may not
be computed on the billing machine, and
totals which are automatically accumulated
by machine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon copies of the bill
being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Bookkeeping Machine
A worker who uses a bookkeeping machine
(Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand,
etc., which may or may not have typewriter
keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part
of the accounts receivable operation. Gen
erally involves the simultaneous entry of
figures on a customer’s ledger record. The
machine automatically accumulates figures
on a number of vertical columns and computes
and usually prints automatically the debit or
credit balances. Does not involve a knowl
edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform
and standard types of sales and credit slips.
22
Bookkeeping-Machine Operator
A worker who operates a bookkeeping machine
(Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand,
Burroughs, National Cash Register) to keep a
record of business transaction.
Class A : A worker who uses a bookkeeping
machine with or without a typewriter key
board to keep a set of records of business
transactions usually requiring a knowledge
of and experience in basic bookkeeping prin
ciples and familiarity with the structure of
the particular accounting system used. D e
termines proper records and distribution of
debit and credit items to be used in each
phase of the work. M ay prepare consolidated
reports, balance sheets, and other records b y
hand.
Class B : A worker who uses a bookkeeping
machine with or without a typewriter key
board to keep a record of one or more phases
or sections of a set of records pertaining to
business transactions usually requiring some
knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or
sections include accounts payable, pay roll,
customers’ accounts (not including simple
type of billing described under Biller, M a
chine), cost distributions, expense distribu-
APPENDIX B
tions, inventory control, etc. In addition,
may check or assist in preparation of trial
balances and prepare control sheets for the
accounting department,
Calculating-Machine Operator
A worker whose primary function consists of
operating a calculating machine to perform mathe
matical computations other than addition exclu
sively.
Comptometer type
Other than Comptometer type
Clerk, Accounting
A worker who performs one or more accounting
operations such as preparing simple journal
vouchers, accounts payable vouchers; coding in
voices or vouchers with proper accounting distri
butions; entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; posting and balancing
subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledger,
e. g., accounts receivable, accounts payable, stock
records, voucher journal. M ay assist in preparing
journal entries. For workers whose duties include
handling the general ledger or a set of books,
see Bookkeeper, Hand.
Clerk, File
Class A : A worker who is responsible for
maintaining an established filing system and
classifies and indexes correspondence or other
material; may also file this material. M ay
keep records of various types in conjunction
with files or supervise others in filing and
locating material in the files. M ay perform
incidental clerical duties.
Class B : A worker who performs routine
filing, usually of material that has already
been classified, or locates or assists in locating
material in files. M ay perform incidental
clerical duties.
Clerk, General
A worker who is typically required to perform
a variety of office operations. This requirement
may arise as a result of impracticability of speciali
zation in a small office or because versatility is
essential in meeting peak requirements in larger
3
offices. The work generally involves the use of
independent judgment in tending to a pattern of
office work from day to day, as well as knowledge
relating to phases of office work that occur only
occasionally. For example, the range of opera
tions performed may entail all or some combina
tion of the following: answering correspondence,
preparing bills and invoices, posting to various
records, preparing pay rolls, filing, etc. M ay also
operate various office machines and type as the
work requires. (See Clerk-Typist.)
Clerk, Order
A worker who receives customers’ orders for
material or merchandise by mail, phone, or per
sonally and whose duties involve any combination
of the following: quoting prices to customers,
making out an order sheet listing the items to
make up the order, checking prices and quantities
of items on order sheet, distributing order sheets
to respective departments to be filled. M ay also
check with credit department to determine credit
rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders
from customers, follow-up orders to see that they
have been filled, keep file of orders received, and
check shipping invoices with original orders.
Clerk, Pay-Roll
A worker who computes wages of company em
ployees and enters the necessary data on the pay
roll sheets and whose duties involve: calculating
worker’s earnings based on time or production
records; posting calculated data on pay-roll sheet,
showing information such as worker’s name, work
ing days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and
total wages due. In addition, may make out pay
checks and assist the paymaster in making up and
distributing the pay envelopes. M ay use a cal
culating machine.
Clerk-Typist
A worker who does clerical work requiring little
special training but the performance of which
requires the use of a typewriter for a major portion
of the time and whose work involves typing letters,
reports, and other matter from rough draft or
corrected copy and one or more of the following:
keeping simple records, filing records and reports,
making out bills, sorting and distributing incoming
mail.
24
S A L A R IE S OF O FFICE W O RKERS
Office Boy or Girl
Switchboard Operator
A worker who performs a variety of routine
duties such as running errands, operating minor
office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening
and distributing mail, and other minor clerical
work. (Bonded messengers are excluded from
this classification.)
A worker who operates a single or multiple posi
tion telephone switchboard, and whose duties in
volve: handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant
or office calls. In addition, may record toll calls
and take messages. As a minor part of duties,
may give information to persons who call in, or
occasionally take telephone orders. For workers
who also do typing or other stenographic work or
act as receptionists, see Switchboard-OperatorReceptionist.
Secretary1
A worker whose primary function is to relieve
executives or other company officials of minor
executive and clerical duties, and whose duties in
volve the following: making appointments for
executives, receiving people coming into office;
answering and making phone calls; handling per
sonal and important or confidential mail, and writ
ing routine correspondence on own initiative;
taking dictation, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine (except where transcribing
machine is used), and transcribing dictation or the
recorded information reproduced on a transcribing
machine. In addition, may prepare special re
ports or memoranda for information of executive.
Stenographer, General
A worker whose primary function is to take
dictation from one or more persons, either in short
hand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving
a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe
this dictation on a typewriter. M ay also type
from written copy. M ay also set up and keep
files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not
include transcribing-machine work. (See Transcribing-Machine Operator.)
Stenographer, Technical
A worker whose primary function is to take
dictation from one or more persons, either in short
hand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving
a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such
as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research,
and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter.
M ay also type from written copy. M ay also set
up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc.
Does not include transcribing-machine work.
(See Transcribing-Machine Operator.)
i Only in Washington.
Switchboard-Operator ^Receptionist
A worker who in addition to performing duties
of operator, on a single position or m onitor-type
switchboard, acts as receptionist and/or performs
typing or other routine clerical work as part of
regular duties. This typing or clerical work may
take the major part of this worker’s time while at
switchboard.
Transcribing-Machine Operator, General
A worker whose primary function is to transcribe
dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary
from transcribing machine records. M ay also
type from written copy and do simple clerical
work. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand
or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as
a Stenographer, General.
Transcribing-Machine Operator, Technical
A worker whose primary function is to transcribe
dictation involving a varied technical or special
ized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports
on scientific research from transcribing machine
records. M ay also type from written copy and
do simple clerical work. A worker who takes
dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar
machine is classified as a Stenographer, Technical.
Typist
A worker who uses a typewriter to make copies
of various material or to make out bills after
calculations have been made by another person.
M ay operate a teletype machine.
Class A : A worker who performs one or more
of the following: typing material in final form
from very rough and involved draft; copying
25
A P P E N D IX B
from plain or corrected copy in which there is
a frequent and varied use of technical and
unusual words or from foreign language copy;
combining material from several sources; or
planning lay-out of complicated statistical
tables to maintain uniformity and balance in
spacing, typing tables from rough draft in
final form. M ay also type routine form
letters, varying details to suit circumstances.
Class B : A worker who performs one or more
of the foUowing: typing from relatively clear
or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, in
surance policies, etc.; setting up simple
standard tabulations, or copying more com
plex tables already set up and spaced properly.
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