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A n a lysis o f W o rk Stoppages D u rin g 1951 B u lle tin N o . 1 0 9 0 I'N IT E I) S T A T E S D EPA R TM EN T O F LABO R M a u r i c e J . T o b i n , Secretary Bl'RK AT OF LABOR STATISTICS E w a n H a g u e , Co m m is s io n e r A n a ly sis o f W ork S top pages D u rin g 1951 Bulletin No. 1 0 9 0 U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R M aurice J. T obin , S ecreta ry BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS E w an Clague , C om m ission er For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 20 cents Letter of Transmittal UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF IABOR, Bureau o f Labor S ta tistics, Washington, D. C., June 4, 1952. The Secretary o f Labors 1951o I have the honor to transmit herewith a report on work stoppages during the year A portion o f this report was printed in the Monthly Labor Review for May 1952* This bulletin was prepared by Ann J. Herlihy, Bernard Yabroff, and Daniel P. W illis, J r ., with the assistance o f other members o f the sta ff o f the Bureau*s Division o f Wages and Industrial Relations, under the direction o f Lily Mary David. The Bureau wishes to acknowledge the widespread cooperation o f employers, unions, the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, and various State agencies in furnishing information needed for this report. EWAN CLAGUE, Commissioner. Hon. Maurice J. Tobin, Secretary o f Labor. (a ) Contents Page Introduction ................................ ............................. .................... WSB-certified disputes •*.... .......... • •• •...... ••••••••••••••••........................ wNational emergency'1 disputes ......... •. •........... ........................ .............. Monthly trend - leading stoppages ••................ • •...... ............................... Major issues i n v o l v e d ..... .......... ...................... ................................ Industries a f f e c t e d .............. . ........ ...... ......... ..................... ........... States involved .............................. ................. ......... ...... ........ . Cities involved ................. ................. ........ ................................ . Unions i n v o l v e d ......... • Dispute status - before and at time of stoppage ....... ...... ......................... .. Size of s t o p p a g e s ............. ...................... ........ ............................... Duration of s t o p p a g e s ..... ................• .............. ......... ... Methods of terminating stoppages ........................ ...................... ............. Disposition of issues ..................................................... .................. 1 1 3 U 6 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 9 9 Tables 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9<» 10* 11* 12. 13. H. Work stoppages in the United States, 1 9 1 6 - 1 9 5 1 ..... Work stoppages involving 10,000 cr more workers, in selected periods •••••........... Monthly trends in work stoppages, 1950 and 1 9 5 1 ....... Major issues involved in work stoppages in 1951 • •••••••••••••••••• ............. Work stoppages by industry group, 1951 •. •«..... Work stoppages by State, 1951 *................ ••••• Work stoppages in selected cities, 1951 ....................... Work stoppages by affiliation of unions involved, 1951 • ••«.......... ........... .. Work stoppages classified by number of workers involved, 1951 •••••••...... Work stoppages by number of establishments involved, 1951 .. ........................ Work stoppages involving 10,000 or more workers beginning in 1 9 5 1 ..... .......... ... Duration of work stoppages ending in 1 9 5 1 ...... ;.................... Method of terminating work stoppages ending in 1951 ............. Disposition of issues in work stoppages ending in 1 9 5 1 ......... ... ........... . 10 11 11 12 13 H 15 16 16 16 17 19 19 19 Appendix A Table A. Table B. Table C. Work stoppages in 1951, by specific industry ................. .............. Work stoppages in 1951, by industry group and major issues .................... Work stoppages in 1951 in States which had 25 or more stoppages during the year, by industry g r o u p ................. ........... ......... ............ 20 22 23 Appendix B Methods of collecting strike s t a t i s t i c s ..... *.......... ........... ...................... (in ) 29 A n a ly s is o f W o r k S t o p p a g e s 1 9 5 1 (e.g. vacation and holiday pay, shift differ entials, and overtime pay). In 1950, 462 stoppages (9.5 percent of all strikes) occurred over these issues; in 1951, 647 stoppages (13.7 percent of the total) were in this group. The number of workers involved also increased from to 383,000. Pensions and/or social-insurance proposals, which were important strike issues during 1949 and the first 6 months of 1950, caused only a minor proportion of total strike activity in 1951. Introduction No long Nation-wide or industry-wide strikes occurred during 1951, and, in general, stoppages in 1951 were somewhat shorter than in earlier postwar years* Consequently, total idleness caused by such stoppages dropped to 22,900,000 man-days - the lowest point since 1944* Average strike duration during the year was 17*4 days, compared with 21*8 to 25*6 days during the years 1946-49 and 19*2 days in 1950. 245,000 WSB— Certified Disputes The 4,737 1/ work stoppages beginning in 1951 were only slightly fewer than the 4,843 recorded in 1950. The number of strikes recorded in 1951 has been exceeded in only 5 years (1937, 1944-46, and 1950) since 1916. However, total workers involved in 1951 stop pages - 2,220,000 - was lower than in most other years since World War I I • (See table 1.) The Wage Stabilization Board was given limited jurisdiction in labor disputes by Executive Order 10233 issued by the President on April 21, 1951. The Board was authorized to investigate and recommend settlement in any dispute which was not resolved by col lective bargaining or by the prior full use of mediation and conciliation facilities, and which threatened to interrupt work affecting the national defense where (1) the parties jointly agreed to submit the dispute to the Board; or (2) the President was of the opinion that the dispute substantially threatened the progress of national defense and referred it to the Board. Binding decisions were authoa>ized only if agreed upon by the parties in advance. Nineteen stoppages in which 10,000 or more workers took part began in 1951 (table 2)* The corresponding number in earlier post war years ranged from 15 to 31* These stop pages in 1951 directly idled approximately half a million workers and accounted for al most 6 million man-days of idleness - a fifth of the total number of workers and a fourth of man-days of idleness involved in strikes of all sizes. These proportions were well be low comparable figures for any earlier post war year when the large stoppages accounted for at least half of the man-days of idleness in all strikes and lock-outs. During 1951, the President certified to the Board five important labor disputes in which there had been work stoppages: American Smelting and Refining Co. and the United Steelworkers (CIO); copper and other nonferrous metals companies and the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers (Ind.); and Borg-Warner Corp., Douglas Aircraft Co., and Wright Aero nautical Corp. each with the United Automobile Workers (CIO), g/ Organized labor's demands for increased wages and related benefits were the predomi-*nant causes of strikes in 1951, as in 1950. However, the restraints established by Federal wage stabilization policies, as in World War II, caused a shift from demands for higher wage rates to demands for "fringe" adjustments American Smelting and Refining C o . A strike, called on July 2 bv the United Steel workers of America (CIO) at the Garfield, 2 / All known work stoppages arising out of labor-management disputes, involving six or more workers and continuing a full day or shift or longer are included in this report. Figures on "workers involved" and "man-days idle" cover all workers made idle for one shift or longer in establishments directly in volved in these stoppages. They do not measure the indirect or secondary effects on other establishments or industries whose employees are made idle as a result of material or ser vice shortages. D u r in g 2/ Three threatened strikes were averted or postponed after the President certified the disputes to the Board. These involved copper and brass fabricators and UAW (CIO) (cert. Sept. 24, 1951); basic steel industry and Steelworkers (CIO) (eert. Dec. 22, 1951); and Boeing Airplane Co. and International As sociation of Machinists (AFL) (cert. Dec. 28, 1951). (1 ) - 2 - Utah, plant of the American Smelting and Re fining Company, idled about 1,300 workers en gaged in refining copper and producing sul phuric acid, both important for defense pro duction. It involved union proposals for a new contract providing a general wage increase, a job evaluation program, a union shop, and other benefits* Workers returned to their jobs after the President certified the dispute to the WSB on July 26. Initial recommendations b y the Board for settlement of the dispute were accepted by the parties in September. The Board recom mended an 8-cent hourly wage increase and suggested that the other issues be resolved through collective bargaining. Subsequently all issues were settled through negotiation except the amount of increment between 19 labor grades established by the parties. In accordance with the parties1 joint request that it resolve the remaining issue, the Board, on October 19, recommended an incre ment of 3i cents an hour. The total estimated average increase amounted to 10 cents an hour. Copper and other Nonferrous-Metals Com panies. Mining, milling, smelting, and re fining of copper and other nonferrous metals were seriously affected by an industry-wide strike b y the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers (Ind.) beginning on August 27. Workers affiliated with several AFL unions and two independent railroad brotherhoods were also concerned with the disputed issues but did not directly partici pate in the strike. Approximately 40,000 workers were made idle as a result of the dis pute over the unions1 proposals involving wages, pensions, and other benefits. The dispute was certified to the WSB on the first day of the walk-out. When union leaders rejected the Board*s request for a re turn to work, the President invoked the national emergency strike procedures of the Labor Management Relations (Taft-Hartley) Act and appointed a board of inquiry to report on the issues. The dispute was partly settled the next day (August 31) when the Kennecott Copper Corp., largest producer in the industry, reached a 1-year agreement, retroactive to July 1, 1951. The contract provided an acrossthe-board wage increase of 8 cents an hour, an average increase of 7 cents an hour for job rate reclassifications, and a companypaid pension plan estimated to cost 4^ cents an hour. The settlement was rejected by the three other major firms in the industry Phelps Dodge Corp., American Smelting &Refining Co., and Anaconda Copper Mining Co. The board of inquiry reported on Sep tember 4 that, notwithstanding the Kennecott resumption of work, the continuation of the strike was causing or aggravating critical shortages of materials vital to both the de fense program and the civilian economy. Accordingly, the President directed the At torney General to seek a court injunction to halt the strike. A temporary court restrairving order was issued on September 5 ordering an immediate resumption of work and directing the companies involved in the dispute to be gin immediate collective bargaining with their employees. Most of the workers returned to their jobs by September 7. Agreements closely similar to the Kennecott settlement ware subsequently reached with the Phelps Dodge Corp. and the American Smelting & Refining Co. several weeks after the strike ended. B y early November, con tracts had also been negotiated with the Ana conda Copper Mining Co. and virtually all of the smaller firms involved in the dispute. 2/ Borg-Wamer. A 4-week strike at the B o r g - W a m e r Corp., beginning on October 9, idled approximately 6,500 workers in plants in 5 States. The principal issue was a pro posal by the United Automobile Workers (CIO) for the negotiation of a corporation-wide agreement providing wage increases, insurance, hospitalization, pension, and other benefits to replace existing individual plant con tracts. In his certification of the dispute to the WBB on October 10, the President de clared the strike to be a substantial threat to defense production. However, the union urged the President to reconsider the certi fication. It rejected the Board*s request for termination of the strike, claiming that only a minor portion of the company*s output in volved military items. The President rejected the union*s appeal. Following a second re quest by the Board for a resumption of pro duction, workers approved a recommendation of the union* s policy committee for a "recess’1 of the strike, pending consideration of the issues by the Board. By November 5, most of the workers had returned to their jobs. 2 / General wage increases and job-rate re visions provided in the Kennecott, Phelps Dodge, and Anaconda agreements were approved by the WSB in December 1951, thus setting the pattern for approval of agreements submitted by the smaller firms. The same general wage increase provided in the American Smelting and Refining Co. agreement was approved, but consideration of job-rate adjustments and other fringe-benefit provisions was postponed for further study. Action was deferred on pension-plan provisions agreed upon by some of the companies, pending WSB policy develop ments. - 3 - Aircraft Companies. A strike called by the United Automobile Workers (CIO) at the Long Beach, Calif., plant of the Douglas Air craft Co*, y manufacturer of military trans port planes, caused idleness of approximately 10,000 production and maintenance workers be ginning September 5. The union's new contract proposals included a general wage increase, part of which was to be retroactive, a union shop, a company-financed pension plan, and other benefits* Starting September 26, about 10,000 UAW production workers also walked out at the Wood Ridge and Garfield, N. J., jet engine plants of the Wright Aeronautical Corp* Major issues included a general wage increase, a pension plan, an improved social-insurance "package," and increased vacation pay. An additional several thousand UAW white-collar members ob served picket lines* The disputes were certified by the Presi dent to the WSB on October 12* Workers voted on October IS to return to their jobs follow ing a recommendation by the union that, the strikes be "recessed" pending the Board's consideration of the disputes. In the Douglas dispute, the Board in February 1952, recommended wage adjustments averaging 25 cents an hour and retroactive in part,a cost-of-living escalator clause agreed upon by the. parties, and other benefits. Action on the question of a union shop, one of the principal issues in the dispute, was postponed for later consideration. Terms for settlement of the Wright dispute were recom mended by the Board in March 1952* On the question of hourly wages, it recommended a general increase of 12 cents and, in addition, adjustments in the top four labor grades aver aging 2.4 cents for all employees. "National Emergency" Disputes 5/ The national emergency strike provisions of the Labor Management Relations Act were U The company's three plants at Long Beach, Santa Monica, and El Segundo were also affected by strike idleness of some 300 mem bers of the United Aircraft Welders' Union (Ind.). 5/ Labor-management disputes, designated as "national emergency" disputes a r e :(l) those specified in the Labor Management Relations Act as imperiling the "national health and safety" and (2) those designated under the Railway Labor Act "Which threaten substantially to interrupt interstate commerce to a degree such as to deprive any section of the country ofFRASER essential transportation service." Digitized for invoked only once during 1951, 6/ in connec tion with the Nation-wide strike affecting copper and other nonferrous metals companies (described under WSB-certified disputes, page 2). In the railroad industry, a strike by the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen (Ind.) idled approximately 70,000 workers early in 1951. In the background of the controversy were negotiations that began in 1949 2 / anc* i n volved proposals by the Trainmen and other unions of operating employees for the estab lishment of a -hour workweek at 48 hours' pay for yardmen as well as changes in work rules. The protracted negotiations had been accompanied by the unions' rejection of emer gency board recommendations for settlement of the dispute, and by the seizure of the rail roads by the Government on Aiogust 27, 1950, to avert a country-wide strike threatened by the Trainmen and Conductors. Unrest over the long-deferred settlement led to scattered brief walk-outs by the Trainmen in mid-Decem ber 1950. Renewed mediation efforts resulted in a tentative agreement on December 21 with representatives of the Trainmen, Conductors, Engineers, and Firemen and Enginemen but it was rejected by the unions' general chairmen. 40 The dispute flared again in 1951 when several thousand yard members of the Train men's union reported sick and did not report for duty in several eastern and midwestern cities on January 30. The unauthorized strike spread to other key railroad centers and by February 3 it had reached Nation-wide pro portions. As the strike continued, the Federal Government obtained court orders requiring the union to show cause why it should not be ruled in contempt of court-restraining orders issued during the December 1950 strike. 8/ Appeals for an end to the strike by President Truman, the union's president, and the Direc tor of Defense Mobilization were followed on February 6 by the start of a back-to-work movement in several eastern cities. However, the walk-out continued elsewhere and spread to additional cities. 6/ In 1950, the emergency provisions were utilized in the prolonged 1949-50 bituminouscoal dispute. There was no resort to this machinery in 1949; in 1948, it was invoked on seven occasions, four of which involved strikes. 2/ See Work Stoppages in 1950, Monthly Labor Reviewf May 1951 (page 517). 8/ Fines totaling &l01,000 were imposed by Federal District Courts in Chicago, Wash ington, D. C., and Cleveland after the union pleaded guilty to the Government's contempt charges. Chart 1. Trends inWork Stoppages On February 8, the Army issued an order, authorized by President Truman, directing all striking railroad workers to return to their jobs by 4 p.m. on February 10 under penalty of dismissal, with consequent loss of all seniority rights* The action was taken on the ground that "interference with essential military and civilian railroad transportation . . . is intolerable in an emergency•11 Pend ing the negotiation of a final settlement, the directive also provided interim hourly wage increases of 12-g- cents for yardmen and yardmasters and 5 cents for road-service em ployees represented by the four operating unions, retroactive to October 1, 1950* The workers complied with the order and negoti ations were resumed* 2/ 2 / A settlement reached on May 25, 1951, provided over-all hourly wage increases of 33 cents for yardmen and 18|- cents for road-ser vice employees, including the interim hourly wage adjustments ordered by the A r m y ’s direc tive of February 8* Agreement was reached, in principle, on a 4.0-hour workweek for yard men, but its inauguration was deferred until after January 1, 1952, because of manpower shortages* The parties further agreed to sub mit two controversial work rules to arbitra tion, to place a 3-year moratorium, effective October 1, 1950, on proposals for other wage and rule changes, and to discuss the question of annual improvement wage increases after July 1, 1952* The Wage Stabilization Board approved the general wage increases on June 12, under its base-date abnormality policy, "in the light of the lengthy and complex nego tiation procedures provided by law for the industry." railroad Monthly Trend— Leading Stoppages The year began with 151 stoppages con tinuing from earlier years. Inasmuch as these were generally small, and localized, they accounted for a very small percentage of the total man-days of idleness in 1951* T h e 1,144. new strikes b e g i n n i n g i n the first 3 months of 1951 is t h e h i g h e s t n u m b e r ever recorded for comparable quarters in pre vious years. Man-days of idleness i n the first q u a r t e r , h o w e v e r , w e r e o n l y a t h i r d as n u m e r o u s as in the first 3 mon t h s of 1950 when an in dustry-wide coal strike and the protracted Ch r y s l e r strike were i n progress. Strike activity in the second quarter of 1951 increased slightly in terms of number of new strikes and man-days of idleness, compared with the first quarter totals. Only three large strikes occurred in the second quarter, of which the protracted cotton and rayon tex tile stoppage in the South accounted for al most a fourth of all strike idleness during this period. Strike incidence and idleness rose to the highest levels in the third quarter of the year, when almost a third of the y e a r ’s totals occurred. Six stoppages involving 10,000 or more workers began in this period. Following the usual seasonal pattern, the number of new strikes dropped to the year’s lowest level in the last quarter of the year. Idleness in this quarter was the second lowest of the year despite the comparatively large number of strikes in October. (See chart and table 3.) - Chari 2. Work Stoppages, by Percent of Year's Stoppages Beginning Each Month PERCENT 5 - B rief strik es involving 10,500 workers at t e x t ile m ills in Fall River, Mass., and v ic in it y , and 14,000 Westinghouse E le ctric Corp. employees at East Pittsburgh, Pa., were the largest beginning in March. A wage d is pute led to the 2-day t e x t ile strik e. The suspension o f a union steward fo r alleged in subordination caused the 5-day Westinghouse Corp. stoppage. The strik e involving 40,000 workers re presented by the T ex tile Workers Union (CIO) began on A pril 1 at cotton and rayon m ills in 7 Southeastern States as the resu lt o f a wage dispute. The p o lic y committee o f the union, on May 5, recommended termination o f the stoppage in compliance with a request from the d ire cto r o f the Federal Mediation and C on ciliation Service. By mid-May, a m ajority o f the workers had returned to th e ir job s; others resumed work during la te May, June, and July. UNITID STATCS DIPARTMINT OF LABOR 'BURIAU OF LABOR STATISTICS The only major strik e that began in January involved 70,000 ra ilroa d workers a cross the Nation (see page 3)# I t involved more workers than any other stoppage during the year. The leading stoppage beginning in Febru ary involved 48,000 employees o f woolen and worsted m ills in 11 Eastern Sta tes. I t began February 16 a fte r wage negotiations between the American Woolen Co. and the T ex tile Work ers Union (CIO) became deadlocked. A p a rtia l settlement was reached on March 13 when the union and the company agreed on a 1-year con tra ct providing fo r a 12-cent hourly wage in crease, an esca la tor clause, severance pay, and increased insurance b e n e fits. Other com panies involved in the stoppage generally accepted th is pattern o f settlem ent. A major i t y o f the struck m ills reopened March 19, but some did not reopen u n til la te March or A p ril. Two other large stoppages that began in February brought idleness to 28,000 coal miners in West V irginia and 18,000 employees o f the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Co. in Alabama. The 7-day miners* strike in West V irginia was ca lled to protest a b i l l in the State Legislature le g a lizin g safety inspec tions by m ine-section foremen. The 13-day Alabama stoppage ended with an agreement by the parties to resolve job c la s s ific a t io n and sen iority issues a fte r the resumption o f work. About 21,000 garment workers, members o f the International Ladies* Garment Workers Union (AFL) in New York, New Jersey, Con n ecticu t, and eastern Pennsylvania, stopped work fo r 2 days in June. Work was resumed on June 14, a fte r an agreement was reached on 11equitable d istrib u tio n 11 o f work among con tra ct shops in New York and nearby areas; conversion from weekly wages to piece rates in some "section-w ork” shops; increased mini mum wage scales to r e fle c t actual rate,s being paid; and increased health and vacation bene fits . An. 11-day strik e in June idled approxi mately 15,000 maritime workers on the East, West, and Gulf Coasts. Three CIO maritime unions - the National Maritime Union, Marine Engineers* B en eficia l A ssociation, and Ameri can Radio A ssociation - called th is strike to enforce th e ir demands fo r wage increases and a shorter basic workweek. Only dry cargo vessels carrying nondefense m aterials were a ffe cte d . In la te July, 24,000 C aterpilla r Tractor Co. employees at East Peoria, 111., began a strike to support th eir wage demands. This stoppage continued u n til the end o f September, when members o f the United Automobile Workers (CIO) r a tifie d an agreement providing a gener a l wage increase and a c o s t -o f-liv in g esca la to r clause. The other large strik es that occurred in July were r e la tiv e ly b riefs 27,000 employees o f Chrysler Corp. in D etroit, Mich., stopped work because o f alleged production lin e speed-ups; and 12,000 Jones and Laughlin S teel Corp. employees in Aliquippa, Pa., were idled follow ing the dismissal o f a worker fo r alleged sleeping on the jo b . - 6 The only major strike beginning in August involved about 4-0,000 employees o f copper and other nonferrous metal mines, m ills , and smelters. (See WSB - c e r t ifie d disputes, page 2 .) The two la rgest September strikes in volved 10,000 Douglas A ircra ft Co. employees in C aliforn ia and 13,000 workers in the Gaiv fie ld and Wood Ridge. N. J . , plants o f Wright Aeronautical Corp. (See WSB - c e r t ifie d d is putes, page 3 .) The la rgest o f the four major stoppages in October lasted 21 days and involved 25,000 employees o f the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Rail road Co. in the Birmingham, A la ., area. In th is w ildcat strik e members o f the United Steelworkers (CIO) protested the l a y - o f f o f wextra men.11 In another October strik e , ste e l production was a lso a ffe cte d by an 8-day stoppage o f 14,500 employees o f the Inland Steel Co. at East Chicago, Ind. I t ended with an agreement to submit an incentive-pay dis pute to a rb itra tio n . A longshoremen*s strik e that started in October in the New York-New Jersey and Boston ports disrupted shipping on the East Coast. I t was ca lle d by several insurgent lo c a ls a fte r they had refused to r a t ify a 2-year con tra ct reached early in the month by the In ter national Longshoremen’ s Union (AFL) and ship ping and stevedoring firm s. On November 9, a m ajority o f the 17,000 strik in g longshoremen returned to th e ir jobs at the request o f a Board o f Inquiry appointed by the New York State In du strial Commissioner. The shortest large strik e o f the year was a 1-day stoppage in October by 14,000 em ployees o f milk dealers in New York C ity, New Jersey, and Connecticut. I t was settled when the International Brotherhood o f Teamsters, Chauffeurs and Warehousemen (AFL) and the em ployers agreed on a $10-a-week wage increase anda2-cen t hourly increase in the employers* contribution to a welfare tru st fund. None o f the strik es that began in Novem ber or December involved as many as 10,000 workers, and none o f the large strikes that began in p rio r months continued in to December. Major Issues Involved Monetary issues (wages, hours, pensions, so cia l insurance, and other frin ge ben efits) accounted fo r the la rgest proportion o f strik e s, o f t o t a l workers involved, and o f man-days o f idleness in 1951 as in other recent years. These were the prin cip al issues in more than 40 percent o f a l l strik es, accounting fo r over h a lf o f a l l workers i n volved and more than 60 percent o f the to ta l strik e id len ess. (See table 4 .) The number of stoppages in which pensions and/or insurance matters (e ith e r alone or com bined with important wage demands) were pri mary issues dropped from 365 in 1950 to 104 in 1951. Although these issues accounted fo r only a minor proportion o f the t o t a l number o f workers involved and to ta l man-days id le , they were important in the stoppage a ffe ctin g some 40,000 workers in the nonferrous metals industry in August, and in the b r ie f stoppage o f some 10,500 t e x t ile workers in March. A ll other strik es in which pension and/or so cia l insurance plans were o f major importance i n volved fewer than 5,000 workers. Disputes over such working conditions as jo b secu rity, shop conditions, and p o lic ie s , and work load caused about 28 percent o f a l l strik es, the la rgest proportion in the past 6 years. They accounted fo r about a third o f a l l workers involved and a f i f t h o f to ta l strik e id len ess. Among the largest o f these strikes were b r ie f stoppages involving West V irginia coal miners in February; Westinghouse E le ctric Corp. workers in March; and Jones & Laughlin Corp. and Chrysler Corp. employees in July. Union recognition and other unionsecurity questions were primary issues in approximately 15 percent o f the stoppages and were important, along with wage issu es, in another 4 percent. No large stoppages in volved these issu es. As in most years o f the preceding 2 de cades, ju r is d ic tio n a l, union -rivalry, and sympathy strik es accounted fo r a comparative ly small proportion o f strik e a c t iv it y in 1951 - about 7 percent o f strik e s, 6 percent o f workers involved, and 4 percent o f id le ness. Average duration o f stoppages varied according to issu e. Stoppages over combined issues o f wages and union-organization matters tended to be lon gest, averaging 30.2 calendar days compared with 26 in 1950, and 44 in 1949* Those over union^organization matters alone had an average duration o f 22.1 days, a slig h t increase over the 20 days in 1950, but corn siderably less than the 29 days in 1949* Work stoppages over wages and related issues lasted 15*7 calendar days compared with 18.5 in 1950 and 26 in 1949* They were s lig h tly longer than work stoppages in which in te r - or intra union matters were the major cause; these strikes averaged 14• & days (a s lig h t drop from the 16 days in 1949 and 1950). Disputes over other working conditions were shortest, averaging 7 .8 days in 1951 compared with 8.5 in 1950 and 12 in 1949. - 7 - Industries Affected C ities Involved T extiles had the most idleness o f any irriustry group in 1951 (ta b le $) • The year*s two longest large strikes were in t e x t ile s ; they accounted fo r about 70 percent o f the to ta l o f 3,490,000 man-days o f idleness in th is industry group* Ten or more work stoppages occurred in each o f 74 c i t ie s in 1951 (ta b le 7)* These c i t ie s accounted fo r about tw o -fifth s o f a l l stoppages (2,012) and more than a third o f a l l workers involved (800,000) and man-days o f idleness (8,500,000) in the country as a whole. Machinery, except e le c t r ic a l, had a to ta l o f 3,370,000 man-days o f idlen ess. More than a third o f th is idleness was caused by the prolonged stoppages at the C aterpillar Tractor Co*, and the Brown & Sharpe Manufac turing Co* The September stoppages at the Douglas A ircra ft C o., and the Wright Aero nautical Corp., arid the prolonged stoppage o f 2,$00 workers at the Mobile yard o f the Ala bama Drydock & Shipbuilding Co*, caused more than a quarter o f the t o ta l idleness o f 2,600,000 man-days, recorded in the trans portation-equipment group* Six other industry groups had more than 1,000,000 man-days id le : primary metal indus tr ie s ; fabricated metal products; e le c t r ic a l machinery, equipment and supplies; mining; construction; and transportation, communica tio n , and other public u t ilit ie s * At lea st 1 major stoppage, involving 10,000 workers or more, occurred in each o f these groups except construction* In the construction and pu blicu t ilit y groups, strike idleness accounted fo r less than two-tenths o f 1 percent o f to ta l working time. The construction industry led all o t h e r groups in number o f stoppages - 651 - and thus exceeded the previous peak o f 615 recorded in 1949* There were 622 strikes in the mining industry in 1931, compared w i t h 508 recorded in 1950, and 476 in 1949. In general, the la rgest, most indus tr ia liz e d c it ie s had the most strik es. Only 2 c i t ie s experienced more than 100 stoppages during the year - New York had 329 stoppages (the same number as in 1950) and D etroit 161. Only 6 other c i t ie s had as many as 50 stop pages - Philadelphia (6 7 ), Los Angeles (6 2 ), Chicago (59), Akron (5 8 ), Pittsburgh (5 7 ), and S t. Louis (5 6 ). Detroit strik es accounted fo r the largest number o f workers involved (122,000) and mandays o f idleness (945,000).* New York came next with 84,000 workers and 883,000 man-days o f idleness. Chicago was the only other c it y with more than h a lf a m illion man-days o f idleness. Unions Involved Unions a ffilia t e d with the AFL accounted fo r almost h a lf the strikes (table 8) in 1951 and between a fourth and a third o f the work ers and man-days o f idleness. CIO a ff i li a t e s were involved in stoppages accounting fo r about h a lf o f a l l the workers and man-days o f idleness but less than a third o f the number o f stoppages. U naffiliated unions took part in about a f i f t h o f the stoppages and workers, but only an eighth o f the to ta l idleness re sulted from these stoppages. States Involved Dispute Status— Before and at Time of Stoppage More than a m illion man-days o f strike idleness occurred in each o f nine States. Most o f these were the leading industrialized States o f the country. The two large stop pages o f Tennessee Goal, Iron & Railroad Go. workers were responsible fo r almost a fourth o f the to ta l idleness in Alabama. New York (2,530,000) and I l l in o i s (2,090,000) experi enced the greatest number o f man-days id le because t)f stoppages. In less than a f i f t h o f the 1951 cases was there resort to services o f Federal, State, and lo c a l mediation agencies or o f other neutral parties before work stoppages occurred. Although the data available fo r many o f the remaining cases are incomplete, most o f these stoppages undoubtedly occurred without u tiliz a tio n o f mediation machinery. Pennsylvania with 630, and New York with 570, had the largest number o f stoppages. Ohio ranked th ird, with 402 stoppages. Only other States had as many as 200 stoppages* Digitized forsix FRASER Uncontroverted information relating to the length o f the dispute before the stoppage began was obtained fo r 1,884 strik es. About h a lf of these, involving approximately 40 per cent o f the workers, grew out o f disputes that had been in e ffe c t fo r less than two - 8 - disputes months: weeks. About a f i f t h o f the stoppages, in volving 29 percent o f the workers, followed Length o f dispute before stoDoaere 1 day or le ss .............. More than 1 day but le ss than -k month... month and le ss than 2 months •••••• 2 months (60 days) . . . More than 2 months . . . Total .................... Stoppages Number Percent existed 18.1 144,095 12.5 589 31.2 306,214 26.6 416 169 369 22.1 9 .0 19.6 176,133 189,950 334,948 15.3 16.5 29.1 1,884 100.0 1,151,340 100.0 Disagreement over unsettled grievances was the la rgest single cause o f stoppages occurring while contracts were in e ff e c t . Others were caused by attempts to a lte r pro vision s o f current contracts o r, with con tra ct terns nearing expiration, disagreement over new provisions. Most o f the stoppages, occurring when no contract was in e f f e c t , in volved eith er attempts to obtain union recog n ition , or a contract, fo r the f i r s t time, or disagreement over new contract provisions to replace recen tly expired agreements. Size o f Stoppages About h a lf (2,306) the y ea r's stoppages involved fewer than 100 workers each. These accounted fo r only U percent o f the to ta l number o f workers involved, however, and 5.5 percent o f to ta l s t r ik e ‘ idleness (ta b le 9)* Stoppages involving 1,000 or more workers 10/ Information on th is subject is some times furnished by both p a rties; more fre quently, by only one party to the stoppage. Since i t is not fe a sib le to v e r ify the accuracy o f the r e p lie s , which often involve interpre tation o f the written con tra ct, only a general summary based on number o f strikes rather than number o f workers or man-days c la s s ifie d by contract status i s presented. fo r more than 2 Workers involved Number Percent 341 Information regarding the status o f the contract at the time o f the stoppage was fu r nished in about fo u r -fift h s o f the cases. More than h a lf the stoppages fo r which data were available occurred when contracts were in e ffe c t , whereas tw o -fifth s took place where no contract existed or where previous con tracts had expired. In another 5 percent o f the cases the parties disagreed as to whether contracts were in e ffe c t when the stoppages occurred. 10/ that had (415) comprised le ss than a tenth o f a l l stop pages and accounted fo r about two-thirds o f the workers involved and man-days i d le , res p ectiv ely . The 19 la rg e st, each involving 10,OCX) or more workers, accounted fo r about a f i f t h o f the workers and 25 percent o f strik e idleness during the year. Information on the 19 major disputes i s presented in table 11. As in previous years, by fa r the largest number o f stoppages beginning in 1951 (80 per cent) affected a single plant or establish ment. These stoppages included 55 percent o f the to ta l number o f workers involved and accounted fo r about h a lf the strik e idleness (ta b le 10). Only 5 percent (250) o f the stop pages extended to more than 10 establishments, but these were responsible fo r nearly a third o f the to ta l workers involved and a sim ilar proportion o f the yea r's strik e id len ess. Duration of Stoppages The average work stoppage ending in 1951 lasted 17.4- calendar days, a decrease from the 19.2 day average in 1950. About h a lf the stoppages continued fo r le ss than a week most o f them only 1 to 3 days (table 12). These b r ie f stoppages included almost h a lf the to ta l workers id le but, because they were re la tiv e ly short, accounted fo r only 10 per cent o f the to ta l man-days id le . On the other hand, two-thirds o f the to ta l idleness re sulted from the 15.5 percent o f the stoppages that lasted fo r a month or more. Approxi mately a third o f the stoppages, accounting fo r about the same proportion o f to ta l workers and man-days i d l e , continued fo r longer than a week but le s s than a month. The stoppages involving 10,000 or more workers were a l l terminated in 1951. Six o f these continued fo r le ss than a week, nine lasted more than a week but le ss than a month, and four ran fo r more than a month. - 9 - Chari 3. Duration of Work Stoppages, Averages for Selected Periods and 1949 (ta b le 13)• However, these d ir e c tly negotiated settlements included only a third o f a l l workers involved and about a f i f t h o f to ta l idlen ess. Government mediation and co n cilia tio n agencies helped to terminate about 25 percent o f the stoppages - about the same proportion as in 1950 and 194-9 but well below the pro portions from 194-0 to 194-8 (ranging from 30.5 to 70 percent). Because Government repre sentatives intervene more frequently in the larger and more prolonged stoppages, stoppages in 1951 concluded with such help included more than a third o f a l l workers and threefift h s o f to ta l idlen ess. About 21 percent o f a l l stoppages, in volving a sim ilar proportion o f workers, ended without formal settlement (e ith e r settlement o f the issues or agreement to negotiate further a fte r resumption o f work). This group included " l o s t 1* strikes in which workers either returned without settlement or sought other employment because th e ir cause appeared hopeless. Establishments in a small number o f cases (4-7) reported the discontinuance o f business. Stoppages in manufacturing industries were s lig h tly longer than strik es in nonmanu facturing. About a f i f t h o f the manufactur ing stoppages compared with approximately an eighth o f the strikes in the nonmanufacturing industries 'la sted a month or more. Stoppages continuing at le a st a week but le ss than a month accounted fo r about a th ird of* the t o t a l strikes in both groups. Less than h a lf o f the strikes in manufacturing but more than h a lf o f the stoppages in nonmanufacturing indus t r ie s lasted le ss than a week. Methods o f Terminating Stoppages D irect negotiations between employers and workers or th e ir representatives, without the pa rticip a tion o f any outside agency, served as the basis fo r termination o f 51 per cent o f a l l stoppages ending in 1951, conpared with approximately 55 percent in 1950 D isposition o f Issues As in 1950, the issues in dispute were settled or disposed o f before work was resumed a fte r most 1951 stoppages (ta b le 14.) • This group accounted fo r 65 percent o f the workers and 75 percent o f the idleness. In a m ajority o f these cases agreement was reached on the issues or on th e ir referra l to established grievance procedure. In a minority o f in stances, however, the strikers returned to work without agreement on the issues or pro v ision fo r th e ir subsequent adjustment. In 16 percent o f the disputes the parties agreed to resume work while continuing th eir negoti ation s. An additional 7 percent were termi nated by an understanding to negotiate with the aid o f a third party, to submit the d is pute to a rb itra tion , or to re fe r the unsettled issues to an appropriate government agency fo r decision or e le ctio n . TABLE 1.— Work stoppages in the United States, 1916-1951 Work stoppages Year Number Workers involved 1/ Average duration (calendar days) 2 / 1 9 1 6 ...... 1 9 1 7 ...... 1 9 1 g ...... 1 9 1 9 ...... 1 9 2 0 ...... 1 9 2 1 ...... 1 9 2 2 ...... 1923 ...... 1 9 2 h ...... 1925 ...... 1 P2 6 ...... 1927 ...... 3.789 b,b50 3.353 (6 /) (lf) 3 .6 3 0 3 ,bll (|/) 1 9 2 8 ...... 1929 ...... 1930 ...... 1 9 3 1 ...... 1932 ...... 1933 ...... 1 9 3 H ...... 1 9 3 5 ...... 1 9 3 6 ...... 1937 ...... 1 9 3 2 ...... 1939 ...... 60b 9 21 2.385 1 ,1 1 2 1.553 I.2 H9 1,301 1.035 707 637 gio 8 bl (t f ) (tf) W) (tf) (I/) (f/> <f/> (Jf) 2675 2 7 .6 2 2 .6 2 2 .3 18.8 1 9 .6 Number (thousands) 1 ,6 0 0 1 .2 3 0 l,2 b0 b,l6 0 1 ,1*60 1 ,1 0 0 1 ,6 1 0 Percent of total employed b/ Number (thousands) g.b 6.3 (6 /) (f/) 6 .2 2 0 .8 (F) <51) 7.2 (F) (F) (F) (F) (6 /) (F) (F) 6 .b 655 8.7 3.5 3.1 b2S 2 .0 330 33 0 1 .5 757 Man-day6 idle l.b 2 6 ,2 0 0 289 i.3 1 2 ,6 0 0 1 .2 183 3 U2 32 b 5 .3 5 0 3 .3 2 0 1 .8 31U .8 1 .6 6 ,8 9 0 1 0 ,5 0 0 1 6 ,9 0 0 1 9 ,6 0 0 1 5 ,5 0 0 1 3 .9 0 0 2 ,01h 2 .1 7 2 2 3 .8 1 ,1 7 0 i,b70 1 ,1 2 0 23.3 UjbO 2.772 2,613 2 0 .3 789 1 .8 6 0 2 3 .6 2 3 .b 1,170 U.7 1 7 ,8 0 0 1 9 U0 ...... 1 9 U 1 ...... 2 ,5 0 8 2 0 .9 577 b,2gg 18.3 11.7 5.0 5.6 9.9 2 b. 2 2.3 g.b 6 ,7 0 0 2 3 ,0 0 0 1 .6 9 5 1 ,8 5 6 I 9 h 2 ...... 2 ,9 6 8 1 9 U 3 ...... 1 9 U U ...... 3 .7 5 2 M 56 1 9 ^ 5 ...... 1 9 ^ 6 ...... 19 U7 ...... 1 9 b 8 ...... I9 U9 ...... 1 9 5 0 i f .... 1 9 5 1 ...... U.750 >+.985 3,693 3 .U19 16.9 19.5 2 5 .6 3 ,6 0 6 2 1 .8 2 2 .5 b,8b3 U.737 1 9 .2 1 7 .u 688 2 ,3 6 0 8 bo 1 ,9 8 0 2 ,1 2 0 6.3 7.2 5.2 3-1 7.2 2 .8 2 .8 6.9 7.0 28,bOO 9.150 b,180 1 3 ,5 0 0 8 ,7 2 0 3. **70 b,6oo 1 2 .2 38 ,0 0 0 lb. 5 1 1 6 ,0 0 0 2 ,1 7 0 1 .9 6 0 3 ,0 3 0 2 ,bio 6 .5 3 b,600 5.5 9 .0 3b , 1 0 0 5 0 ,5 0 0 6.9 5.5 2 2 ,9 0 0 2 ,2 2 0 38.8 0 0 Percent of estimated working time of all workers Per worker involved (6 /) (6 /) (6 /) (6 /) (£/> (£/> (F) (F) (F) (F) (F) (F) <F> (F) (F> (F) (F) (6 /) (F) (F> (F) 0 .3 7 79-5 .1 7 .0 7 .0 5 .1 1 bO. 2 18.5 18.1 .2 3 .3 6 .38 .2 9 .2 1 .>+3 2 0 .2 3 2 .b lb.b 1 3 .** 1 3 .8 1 7 .6 .1 5 15.3 13.3 .28 1 5 .2 .1 0 .32 .05 .15 .09 •U7 l.**3 .bl .37 .59 .bb .23 1 1 .6 9 .8 5 .0 6 .8 b.i 1 1 .0 2 5 .2 1 5 .9 1 7 .*+ 1 6 .7 1 6 .1 1 0 .3 1/ Information on the number of workers involved in some strikes occurring between 1 9 1 6 and 1 9 2 6 is not available. However, the missing information is for the smaller disputes, and it is believed that the totals given here are fairly accurate. 2 / Figures are simple averages; each strike is given equal weigit regardless of its size. 2 / Figures include duplicate counting where workers were involved in more than one stoppage during the year. This is particularly significant for I9 U9 when 365.000 to bOO.OOO miners were out on 3 distinct occasions, thus accounting for 1 ,1 5 0 ,0 0 0 of a total of 3 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 workers. b/ "Total employed workers": For 1927-1950 refers to all workers (based on nonagricultural employment reported by the Bureau) except those in occupations and professions in which there is little if any union organization or in which strikes rarely if ever occur. In most industries, it includes all wage and salary workers except those in executive, managerial, or higi supervisory positions, or those performing professional work the nature of which makes union organization or group action unlikely. It excludes all self-employed, domestic workers, workers on farms employing fewer than 6 persons, all Federal and State government employees, and the officials, both elected and appointed, in local governments. In 1951, the concept of "total employed workers" was changed to coincide with the Bureau's figures of non-agricultural employment, excluding Government, but not excluding workers in certain occupational groups as in earlier years. Tests show that the percentage of total idleness computed on the basis of these new figures usually differs by less than one-tenth of a point while the percentage of workers idle differs by about 0,5 or 0,6 of a point. For example, the per centage of workers idle during 1 9 5 0 computed on the same base as the figures for earlier years is 6 * 9 aad the percent of idleness is 0*bb compared with 6 . 3 cud O.b respectively computed on the new base. 5 / For each year, "estimated working time" was computed for purposes of this table by multiplying the average number of employed workers (see footnote b) by the number of days worked by most employees. This number excludes Saturdays when customarily not worked, Sundays, and established holidays. 6 / Not available. Jj Beginning in mid-1950, a new source of strike "leads" was added. It is estimated that this increased the number of strikes reported in I9 5 O by perhaps 5 percent and in 1951 by approximately 10 percent. However, since most of the added stoppages were small, they increased the number of workers involved and man-days of idleness by less than 2 percent in 1 9 5 0 and by less than 3 percent in 1 9 5 1 * - 11 - Table 2.—Work stoppage* involving 10,000 or more workers, in selected periods Stoppages in v o lv in g 1 0,000 or more workers Percent of to ta l fo r p erio d P erio d Humber 1935-39 • •• 19m ............................. 19*^6 19U7 19U8 19U9 1950 1951 . . . , ..................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. 0.1* .7 .6 .U .6 .5 •5 .1* 11 29 31 15 20 18 22 19 Man-days i d l e Workers in v o lv ed Humber l/ P ercen t o f to ta l fo r p erio d 365,000 yz.k 1 , 070.000 2 , 920,000 1 , 030,000 H5.3 870,000 63*6 U7 .5 1A .5 1 , 920,000 6 3 .2 7 38.000 1*57,000 2 0 .6 Number 5 , 290,000 9 ,3 ^ 0 ,0 0 0 66 , 1*00,000 17 , 700,000 1 8 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 3l*, 900,000 2 1 , 700,000 5 ,6 8 0 ,0 0 0 30.7 P ercen t of to ta l fo r p erio d 3 1 .2 1*0.5 5 7 .2 5 1 .2 5 5 .3 6 9 .0 5 6 .0 2U. 8 1 / Bomber o f workers in clu d es d u p lic a te co u n tin g where workers were in v o lv ed in more than 1 stoppage d arin g th e y e a r . T his i s p a r t ic u la r ly s i g n if ic a n t f o r I 9U9 when 365*000 t o *100,000 m iners were out on 3 se p a r a te o c c a sio n s; th e y com prised 1 ,1 5 0 ,0 0 0 o f th e t o t a l o f 3 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 workers f o r th e country a s a whole (Table 1 ) . Table 3*—Monthly tren d s in work sto p p a g es, 1950 and 1951 Number o f stop p ages Month B eginning in month In e ffe c t during month B eginning in month (th ou san d s) Workers in v o lv e d \ Man-days i d l e during month in stop p ages P ercen t o f In e f f e c t d uring month P ercent estim a ted Humber working Number of (thousands) tim e o f 8 l l (th ou san d s) to ta l employed l/ workers 2 / 1950 January .................... February .................. March ......................... A p ril ......................... M a y .............................. J u n e ........................... J u l y ........................... August ....................... September ................ October ..................... November .................. December .................. 21*8 368 170.0 206 358 *+53 5 6 .5 8 5 .2 15 9 .0 351*. 0 2 7 8 .0 22H.0 3U6 .O 298 hOJ U85 1*83 1*63 635 521 550 329 218 605 723 768 732 918 820 801 605 1*23 270.0 1 9 7 .0 2 0 0 .0 6 1 .1 3 0 5 .0 5 2 7 .0 566.0 29U.0 5 0 8 .0 3 7 3 .0 389-0 1*1*1.0 1*50.0 3 3 0 .0 3 0 8 .0 11U.0 0 .9 3 1 .6 3 1 .71 .88 1.1*9 1.07 l.ll 1.22 1 .23 .9 0 .81* .31 2 ,7 3 0 8 ,5 9 0 3.8 7 0 3 ,280 3.270 2,630 2 ,7 5 0 2,660 3 .5 1 0 2 ,5 9 0 2,050 912 0 . 1*0 1 .39 .51 .1+9 J+l* .31+ .39 .32 .1*8 .3 2 .27 .1 2 1951 January ..................... February .................. March ......................... A p ril ......................... M a y .............................. June ........................... J u l y ........................... August ....................... September ................ October ..................... November .................. December .................. if 2/ hl*2 3*+7 355 367 1*1*0 396 1*50 505 1*57 1*87 305 186 See f o o tn o te U, Table 1, See fo o tn o te 5 , Table 1< 593- 51*8 537 5U0 621 615 61*1* 727 693 728 521 357 2 3 7 .0 1 8 6.0 12 0 .0 I 63 .O 166.0 19U.0 2 6 0 .0 322.0 230.0 .6 6 .8 2 .5 8 2 2 2 .0 21*9.0 .56 261.0 281*. 0 31+5.0 213.0 215.0 31U.0 31+0.0 2U8.0 81*. 0 81.5 3 6 5 .0 191.0 130.0 .6 2 .6 5 .8 6 .78 .SU .9 0 .1+7 .3 2 1,270 1.9U0 1.7 1 0 1 .8 9 0 1 ,8 2 0 1 ,8 0 0 1 ,880 2.6U0 2,5U0 2 ,7 9 0 1,610 1,0 2 0 .1 5 .2 6 .2 0 .2 3 .21 .21 .2 2 .2 8 •33 .3 0 .19 .13 - 12 - TABLE !*•—Major i s s u e s in v o lv ed in work stop p ages in 1951 Major is s u e s Number Work stop p ages b egin n in g in 1951 Workers in v o lv ed P ercen t P ercen t of Number of to ta l to ta l Man-days i d l e d u rin g 1951 ( a l l stop p ages) P ercen t of Number to ta l A ll is s u e s ................................................................................. u .737 1 0 0 .0 2 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 2 , 900,000 1 0 0 .0 Wages, hour8 , and fr in g e b e n e f it s i J ......................... Wage i n c r e a s e ............................................................. .. Wage d ecrea se .................................................................... Wage in c r e a s e , hour d ecrea se .................................. Hour in c r e a s e .................................................................... Wage in c r e a s e , p en sio n an d /or s o c i a l in su ra n ce b e n e f i t s .................................................... P en sio n an d /or s o c i a l in su ran ce b e n e f it s . . . . Other ...................................................................................... 2 ,1 0 2 i*l*.l* 2 7 .2 •3 •9 1 ,1 8 0 ,0 0 0 5 3 .2 2 6. k U *. 300,000 10 , 100,000 i* i * .o Union o r g a n is a tio n , w ages, h ou rs, and f r in g e b e n e f i t s l / ............................................................................. 1.291 13 1*2 5 85 19 61*7 586,000 3 .9 9 0 .2 1*3,800 116,000 5 .2 671*.000 62.5 $ .1 1 .9 7 0 .1 U.590 1.8 . 1* 82,300 1 , 190,000 383,000 3 .7 •3 1 7 .3 9 6 .7 0 0 2 , 21*0,000 5.2 . 1* 9.8 8.0 . 1 3 .7 5 .7 9 0 206 U.3 53.000 2 . 1* 1 , 81*0,000 R eco g n itio n , wages a n d /or hours ........................... S tren g th en in g b a rg a in in g p o s i t i o n , wages a n d /or hours ................................................................. C losed or union shop, wages an d /or hours . . . . D isc r im in a tio n , wages an d /or hours .................... O t h e r ..................................................................................... iko 2.9 13,100 .6 1*21*, 000 1.9 .5 19.500 19.700 6U0 100 •9 •$ ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) 1 , 010,000 i* .i* 2,860 (2 / ) Union o r g a n isa tio n ............................................................... 682 ll*.l* 82,600 3 .7 1 , 620,000 7 .1 R eco g n itio n ........................................................................ S tr en g th en in g b a rg a in in g p o s i t i o n ....................... C losed or union shop .................................................... D i s c r i m i n a t i o n ................................................................. O ther ...................................................................................... 1*83 10.2 3U.800 60 56 H9 3* 1.2 12,500 11,000 6.030 1 .5 1 .3 Other working c o n d itio n s .................................................. 1 , 31*2 Job s e c u r i t y ...................................................................... Shop c o n d itio n s and p o l i c i e s .................................. Work lo a d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ...................................................................................... 25 36 3 2 .8 .1 ( 2/) 395.000 2,61*0 659.000 2 .9 .6 355.000 •5 •3 1.6 1.2 . 1* 18,1 0 0 .8 271*.000 93 , 1*00 237.000 2 8 .3 761,000 3^ .3 1*, 180,000 1 8 .2 675 5U7 87 33 1U.3 1 1 .5 1 5 .9 11.1 2 , 000,000 1 , 170,000 8.6 .7 35^.000 2 U5.000 111,000 51,100 5 .0 2 .3 201,000 5*1 3 .6 •9 In teru n io n or in tr a u n io n m atters . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 6 .9 132,000 5-9 89!*, 000 3 .9 Sympathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Union r iv a lr y or fa c tio n a lis m ................................ J u r is d ic t io n ...................................................................... Union r e g u la tio n s ........................................................... O t h e r ........................................................ ............................ 78 6U 176 3 5 1 .6 l.l* 3 .7 .1 .1 3 2 ,9 0 a 2 8 ,9 0 0 6 3 .3 0 0 120 6 .5 9 0 1 .5 1-3 2 .8 (2 /) •3 167.000 1*26,000 1.8 2 8 9 .0 0 0 380 1 2 ,1 * 0 0 1 -3 (2 / ) Not rep orted ............................................................................. 79 1-7 10,900 •5 6 3 ,2 0 0 •3 1 .0 .7 1.8 820,000 1 .0 .7 .1 1 / "Triage b e n e f it s '1 has been added t o th e t i t l e o n ly f o r pu rp oses o f c l a r i f i c a t i o n . There h as b eea no change from p r e v io u s y e a r s in d e f i n i t i o n or co n te n t o f t h e s e groups. T h is change a p p lie s t o a l l t a b le s in which m ajor i s s u e s a r e p re se n te d . 2 / L ess than a te n th o f 1 p e r c e n t. TABLE 5*—Work stoppages by industry group, 1951 Stoppages b egin n in g in 1951 In d u stry group Number A ll in d u s t r ie s ..................................................................................................... MANUFACTURING............................................................... Primary m etal in d u s t r ie s ........................................................ . .................... F a b rica ted m etal p rod u cts (ex cep t ordnance, m achinery, and tr a n sp o r ta tio n equipment) ............................................................... Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ............................................................................... E le c t r ic a l m achinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s ................................ Machinery (ex cep t e l e c t r i c a l ) ................................................................... T ra n sp o rta tio n equipment .............................................................................. Lumber and wood p rod u cts (excep t fu r n itu r e ) .................................... F urniture and f i x t u r e s ................................................................................... S to n e, c la y , and g la s s p rod u cts ............................................................... T e x t ile m i ll p rod u cts ..................................................................................... Apparel and o th e r f in is h e d p rod u cts made from f a b r ic s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls ................................................................................. L eather and le a t h e r p rod u cts ..................................................................... Food and kindred p rod u cts ............................................................................ Tobacco m anufactures ....................................................................................... Paper and a l l i e d p ro d u cts ............................................................................ P r in t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s .................................... Chemicals and a l l i e d p rod u cts ................................................................... P roducts o f petroleum and c o a l ................................................................. Rubber p rod u cts .................................................................................................. P r o fe s s io n a l, s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n t r o llin g in stru m ents; photographic and o p t ic a l goods; w atches and c lo c k s ................ M iscella n eo u s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ............................................... 3/ Workers in v o lv ed (thousands) Man-days i d l e d uring 1951 Number (th ou san d s) P ercen t o f estim a ted working time 1 / u .737 2 / 2 , 220.0 2 2 , 900.0 0.26 2 . 5US 308 1 ,3 7 0 .0 17 , 500.0 1 . 630.0 •U3 .U8 2l £ 6 8U.2 2 .0 136 lOU.O 26S 19U 158.0 230.0 22.8 US 99 132 121 210 7« 197 5 5* 27 67 19 21U.0 2 2 .7 19.0 1 53.0 5U.0 22.6 7 7 .5 1 , 300.0 .51 1 5 .5 l.OUO.O 3 .3 7 0 .0 2 , 600.0 .1 3 .uu .83 251.0 3 0 9 .0 .68 .12 •35 231.0 3 .U90.0 .16 1.07 35U.O .12 221.0 819.0 .23 .21 .06 1.6 20.6 1.2 20.0 201.0 156 5 .2 1 3 7 .0 700.0 26 10.2 127.0 .17 92 1 2 .7 1 9 5.0 .16 HONMANUFACTURING...................................................... 2d 2 , 1S9 8UU.0 5.U 70.0 .11 A g r ic u ltu r e , f o r e s t r y , and f is h in g ........................................................ Mining ....................................................................................................................... C o n stru ctio n ......................................................................................................... T r a d e ........................................................ ................................................................ F inance, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e s t a t e ...................................................... T ra n sp o rta tio n , com munication, and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . . . S e r v ic e s —p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o th e r ............................................. Government—a d m in is tr a tio n , p r o t e c t io n , and s a n it a tio n 5 / . . . 21 622 651 277 1 7 .2 2 SU.0 232.0 3U8.0 1 , 290.0 1 , 190.0 21 387 179 36 231.0 21.3 (U /) .55 .1 8 .01 (U /) .17 (U /) 1 / See fo o tn o t e s U and 5 * Table 1* 2 / The fig u r e on number o f v o t e r s than one stoppage in t h e y e a r , 2 / T his f ig u r e i s l e s s than th e sum groups have been counted in t h i s column among th e r e s p e c t iv e groups, y Hot a v a ila b le , 5 / Stoppages in v o lv in g m u n icip a lly p u b lic u t i l i t i e s , " UO.O XU. 3 L.9 l U .l U9U.0 2 9 .5 5 5 .5 2S9-0 20S.0 1 ,7 9 0 .0 329.0 28. S •39 .02 .11 .08 1.01 ( in in v o lv ed in c lu d e s d u p lic a te co u n tin g where th e same workers were in v o lv ed in more o f th e f ig u r e s below b ecause a few stoppages exten d in g in to two or more in d u stry in each in d u str y group a f fe c te d ; workers in v o lv e d , and man-days i d l e were d iv id e d operated u t i l i t i e s a rs in clu d ed under " T ransportation, communication, and o th e r - lb - TABLE 6.-—Work stoppages by State, I 95I S ta te Work stop p ages b egin n in g in 1951 Workers in v o lv e d P ercen t Number Number of (th ou san d s) to ta l Man-days i d l e d u rin g 1951 ( a l l sto p p a g es) lumber (th ou san d s) P ercent of to ta l A l l S t a t e s ......................... *............................. 1 / **.737 2 / 2 ,2 2 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 2 2 , 900.0 1 0 0 .0 Alabama ............................................................... A risona ............................................................... Arkansas ............................................................. C a lifo r n ia ......................................................... Colorado ............................................................. C on n ecticu t ...................................................... Delaware ............................................................. 163 2b 25 217 25 gb 17 109.0 b .9 •5 •3 b .b 1 . 270.0 103.0 52.2 5 .5 .5 .2 50 •3 1 .7 •3 D i s t r i c t o f Columbia .......................* . . . . . F lo r id a ............................................................... G eorgia ............................................................... Idaho .................................................................... I l l i n o i s ............................................................. I n d i a n a ......................................................... I o w a ...................................................................... 11 bb b5 11 283 20b b7 b .6 Kansas .................................................................. Kentucky ............................................................. L o u isia n a ........................................................... Maine .................................................................. Maryland ............................................................. M a ssach u setts .................................................. M ichigan ............................................................. 22 165 ho lb 39 M innesota ........................................................... M is s is s ip p i ....................................................... M issou ri ............................................................. M o n ta n a................ .............................................. Nebraska ............................................................. Nevada ......................... ........................................ New Hampshire .................................................. 53 35 113 12 15 ll New J e r s e y ...................................................... .. New M e x ic o ........................................................ New Y o r k .................................................. .. North C a r o l i n a ............................................... North D a k o t a .................................................... O h i o ...................................................................... Oklahoma ............................................................. 200 26 570 3* 3 b02 28 Oregon .................................................................. P en nsylvan ia .................................................. .. Bhode I s l a n d ............................. . .................... South C arolin a ................................................ South Dakota .................................................... T ennessee ........................................................... T e x a s .................................................................... U t a h ...................................................................... Vermont ............................................................... V ir g in ia ............................................................. Washington ......................................................... West V ir g in ia .................................................. W isconsin ........................................................... Wyoming ............................................................... 151 315 23 67 1 0 .6 6 .0 9 8 .5 b .3 25.2 b.Q 11.0 10.8 3 .2 lb g .o 105.0 1 5.7 8 .6 9 7 .2 1 3 .3 5 .9 12.2 60.0 215.0 20.3 17.8 b i .3 10.1 3 .2 1 .9 5 .1 8 7 .6 9 .9 196.0 2 b. 3 •3 1 9 7 .0 3 .2 25 18 7 1U6 86 1 5 .5 2 7 5 .0 2 2 .3 8 .8 .b b 7 .8 2 8 .9 2b 11.6 630 5 139 71 231 87 7 2 .b ' b 6.b b i .b 83.2 b3 .o .6 .2 1.1 .2 .2 .5 .5 .1 6 .7 b .7 .7 *b b .b •6 •3 •5 2 .7 9 .7 •9 .8 1 .9 •5 .1 .1 .2 b .o .b 9 .0 1.1 an 8.9 .1 .7 12.5 1.0 .b «/> 2 .2 1 .3 1 ,2 1 0 .0 7 1 .5 b oo.o 59.5 26.6 156.0 1 7 9 .0 29.0 2 , 090.0 763.0 1 0 8 .0 58. b 32b. 0 3b l .o 7 3 .9 1 7 9 .0 1 , 030.0 1 , 600.0 21b. 0 21 b. 0 31b. 0 72.7 39.9 lb .b 7 3 .5 1 , 190.0 9 1.7 2 , 530.0 508.0 1 .3 .1 •7 .8 .1 9 .1 3 .3 .5 *3 l.b 1 .5 .3 .8 b .5 7 .0 •9 •9 l.b •3 .2 .1 •3 5 .2 .b 11.0 2 .2 <3/> 1 , 690.0 38.1 7 .b .2 2 b 8 .0 1 .1 8 .3 3.H 1 .2 1 , 910.0 7 8 b .0 270.0 2.8 251.0 29b . 0 (1/) 1 .1 1 .3 •5 .1 2 .1 1 .9 3 .8 9b. b b 3.b b il.o b62.o 2.0 1.9 (3/) 70b . 0 3 .1 326.0 3 .5 .b .2 1 .8 l.b (3/) 1/ The sum o f t h i s column exceeds b,737 b ecause th e stop p ages ex ten d in g a c r o s s S ta te l i n e s have been counted in each S ta te a f f e c t e d , hut th e workers In volved and man-days i d l e were d iv id e d among th e S ta tes* 2 / The f ig u r e on somber o f workers in c lu d e s d u p lic a te co u n tin g where th e same workers were in v o lv e d in more than one stoppage in th e year* H L ess than a te n th o f 1 percent* - 15 - TABIE 7*—Work stoppages in solooted cities, 1951 1 / C ity Work stop p ages b eg in n in g in Man-days i d l e during 1951 1951 ( a l l Number Workers sto p p a g e s) in v o lv ed 2/ C ity Work stop p ages b eg in n in g in Man-days i d l e d uring 1951 1951 ( a l l lumber Workers s to p p a g e s) in v o lv ed [2 / Akron, Ohio . . A llen to w n , Fa* A tla n ta , Ga. • B a ltim o r e, Mi* 58 13 16 18 51,400 2 ,7 9 0 2 ,1 9 0 4 ,4 1 0 181 ,0 0 0 4 5 ,4 0 0 4 5 ,4 0 0 3 4,400 Memphis, Tenn...................................... . . Milwaukee, W ise....................... • • • • • • • M in n eap olis, Minn* ....................... • • • M obile, Ala* .......................*............... 20 23 22 11 1 1 ,8 0 0 1 4 ,4 0 0 9 ,0 1 0 3 ,2 4 0 3 7 ,6 0 0 1 60,000 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 2 8 8 ,0 0 0 Birmingham, Ala* .................................. B o sto n , Mass* ........................... • • • • • • B r id g ep o rt, Conn* ................................ B u ffa lo , N* Y* « • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 25 23 H 47 9 ,6 6 0 7 ,9 0 0 3 ,1 3 0 8 ,4 5 0 1 20,000 59,7 0 0 58,8 0 0 7 4 ,9 0 0 N a s h v ille , Tenn....................................... Newark, N* J* • • • • • • ■ • • • • • • • • • • * • New B edford, Mass................ .. New Haven, Conn. .................................. 12 35 10 10 770 1 2 ,0 0 0 1 ,9 0 0 3,2 4 0 1 1 ,1 0 0 7 5 ,0 0 0 1 3 ,1 0 0 3 1 ,1 0 0 Camden, N* J . • • • • Chattanooga, Tenn* C hicago, 111* • • • • C in c in n a ti, Ohio • 10 16 59 36 1 ,6 4 0 1 ,6 3 0 36 ,2 0 0 1 1 ,200 7 ,6 7 0 2 4 ,4 0 0 539,000 139 ,0 0 0 New O rlean s, New York, N* N orfolk , Va* Oakland-East La....................................... Y* • • • * • • ..........• • • « • • ........................................... Bay Area, C a lif* *** 15 329 10 40 8 ,5 5 0 8 5 ,4 0 0 1 ,2 3 0 13,200 2 9 3 ,0 0 0 8 8 3 ,0 0 0 7 ,7 3 0 148 ,0 0 0 C levelan d , Ohio Columbus, Ohio , Dayton, Ohio **, D enver, Colo* .. 38 15 20 18 ,0 0 0 920 3 ,1 7 0 3 ,4 8 0 3 6 9 ,0 0 0 1 3 ,5 0 0 1 2 ,0 0 0 6 3 ,9 0 0 P a s s a ic , N* J* • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • P aterson , N* J* P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa* ................................ Phoenix, A ria .............. • • • • • • ............. 10 18 67 11 7 ,0 1 0 4 ,2 6 0 2 8 ,7 0 0 3,3 5 0 8 5 ,2 0 0 7 8 ,4 0 0 2 9 0 ,0 0 0 4 6 ,3 0 0 10 161 10 10 2 ,4 9 0 122,000 1 ,8 1 0 1 ,8 3 0 7 ,8 8 0 9 4 5 ,0 0 0 1 1 ,1 0 0 5 1 ,6 0 0 P ittsb u r g h , Pa......................................... P ortlan d , Oregon . . . . . ....................... P rovidence, R* I* • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • R o ch ester, N* Y* • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • 57 31 12 10 1 5 ,700 5 ,1 9 0 8 ,5 7 0 2 ,2 6 0 141,000 121 ,0 0 0 4 8 5 ,0 0 0 1 8 ,6 0 0 E r ie , Fa.................. E v a n s v ille , Ind* F a ll R iv er, Mass* F ort Wayne, Ind* 15 23 17 10 4 ,6 8 0 1 2 ,8 0 0 12 ,0 0 0 1 2 ,9 0 0 6 4 ,0 0 0 136,000 3 6 ,9 0 0 4 2 ,5 0 0 Sacram ento, C a l i f .................................. St* L ou is, Mo.................................... St* P au l, Minn............................• • • • • • San F ra n cisco , C a l i f ............................ 11 56 13 31 1 ,3 5 0 2 1 ,6 0 0 3 ,1 2 0 1 0,500 1 0 ,7 0 0 168 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,2 0 0 8 1 ,0 0 0 F ort Worth, Texas • Gary, Ind..................... Grand R apids, Mich* Houston, Texas . . . . 12 25 11 17 1 ,9 3 0 1 1 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 0 0 8 ,9 4 0 4 2 ,7 0 0 2 7 ,7 0 0 3 1 ,0 0 0 S cran ton, Pa.......................................*•• S e a t t l e , Wash* ....................................... Spokane, Wash* ................................ S p r in g fie ld , Mass* • • * . • • ................ 18 15 12 12 2 ,4 7 0 12,500 2 ,8 9 0 2 ,1 6 0 U , 400 115,000 9 ,7 9 0 34 ,3 0 0 H untington, W* Via.....................• • • • • • I n d ia n a p o lis, Ind* • • • • • • • • • • • • * • J ersey C ity , N* J* • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Johnstown, Fa.............. • • • • • • ............... 11 22 32 12 3 ,2 0 0 5 ,1 1 0 6 ,8 0 0 8 ,1 0 0 2 5 ,9 0 0 7 5 ,2 0 0 51,800 2 9 ,5 0 0 S yracu se, N* Y* * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * Tacoma, Wash.............. *............................. Terre Haute, Ind* .............. ................. T oled o, Ohio .................... ............... .. 14 11 13 23 4 ,9 5 0 4 ,7 6 0 1 ,7 1 0 12,900 1 6 ,6 0 0 5 7 ,3 0 0 5 ,9 9 0 1 17,000 Kansas C ity , Mo* •• K n o x v ille , Tenn* •• Long Beach, C a lif* Los A n g eles, C a lif* L o u i s v i ll e , Ky. • • • 14 18 14 62 20 3 ,8 5 0 3 ,4 3 0 1 4 ,0 0 0 1 9,100 3 ,7 5 0 3 6 ,8 0 0 1 9 ,3 0 0 340,000 156 ,0 0 0 2 1 ,8 0 0 Trenton, N* J* • • • • • * • • • • • . . « . « • . W ashington, D* C* • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • W orcester, Mass * ............*...........• • • • Yonkers, N* Y* Youngstown, O h i o .....................• • • • • • 13 10 12 12 35 2 ,6 8 0 4 ,3 6 0 2 ,1 4 0 4 ,4 3 0 19,7 0 0 2 8 ,0 0 0 2 4 ,8 0 0 2 3 9 ,0 0 0 1 3 2 ,0 0 0 8 0 ,4 0 0 Des M oines, Iowa • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • D e t r o it , Mich......................................••« E. St* L ou is, 111* • • • • • • • • • • • • • • E lis a b e th , N* J* • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • U 10,400 1 / Data are ta b u la te d s e p a r a te ly f o r 150 c i t i e s , in c lu d in g a l l th o se w ith a p o p u la tio n o f 1 00,000 and over in 194.0 a s w e l l a s f o r a number o f sm a ller c i t i e s in clu d ed f o r purposes o f r e g io n a l balance* T his t a b le in c lu d e s d ata f o r each o f th e 150 c i t i e s th a t had 10 or more stop p ages in 1951* Except f o r th e O akland-East Bay Area, f ig u r e s r e la t e t o th e corp orate l i m i t s o f th e r e s p e c t iv e c i t i e s * 2 / In t h i s t a b le e x cep t a s n oted below i n t e r c i t y stop p ages are counted s e p a r a te ly in each c i t y a f f e c t e d , w ith th e workers in v o lv ed and man-days i d l e a llo c a t e d t o th e r e s p e c t iv e c i t i e s * In a few in s ta n c e s i t was im p o ssib le t o secu re th e d ata n e c e s sa r y t o make such a llo c a t io n s * T h erefo re, th e f o llo w in g stop p ages are n o t in clu d ed i n th e f ig u r e s f o r any e i t y s ( 1 ) the M ation-wide r a ilr o a d stoppage in January a f f e c t i n g ap p roxim ately 7 0 ,0 0 0 w orkers, ( 2 ) th e s t r ik e o f ap p roxim ately 4 8 ,0 0 0 t e x t i l e workers a t w oolen and w orsted m i ll s in 11 S ta t e s in February, and (3 ) th e s t r ik e in th e l a d l e s ' garment in d u stry in June i n Hew York, Hew J e r se y , C on n ecticu t, and e a s te r n P en nsylvan ia a f f e c t i n g approxim ately 2 1 ,0 0 0 workers* - 16 - TABLE 8. —Work stoppages by affiliation of unions involved, 1951 Stoppages b egin n in g in I 95I A f f i l i a t i o n o f union Number P ercen t of to ta l Workers in v o lv e d P ercen t Number of to ta l Man-days i d l e d u rin g 1951 ( a l l stop p ages) P ercent Number of to ta l T o ta l .......................................................................................... 9.737 1 0 0 .0 1 / 2 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 2 , 900,000 1 0 0 .0 American F ed era tio n o f Labor ...................................... Congress o f I n d u s tr ia l O rgan ization s .................... U n a f f ilia t e d u n ions ............................. ............................ S in g le firm u n ions ............................................................. D iffe r e n t a f f i l i a t i o n s : R iv a l u n ions ................................................................... C ooperating u n ions ...................................................... No union in v o lv ed ............................................................... Not rep o rted .......................................................................... 2.117 1.387 UU.8 2 9 .3 2 1 .9 .1* 65U.OOO 1 , 030,000 2 9 .5 1*6. n 22.1* •3 6 , 570,000 12 , 700,000 3 . 01*0,000 2 8. 7 55.U 1 3 .3 .2 12,600 •5 .6 159.000 351.000 7 .3 9 0 70 .3 35.1*00 ( 2/ ) 1 / The f ig u r e on number o f workers stoppage in th e y ea r. 2 / L ess than a te n th o f 1 percent* 1.037 20 59 6 105 6 1 .2 .1 2 .2 .1 1*97,000 6 .9 9 0 11,200 5 3 .0 0 0 370 in c lu d e s d u p lic a te c o u n tin g where th e same workers were in v o lv ed in more .7 1 .5 .2 ( 2/ ) one TABLE 9*— Work stop p ages c l a s s i f i e d by number o f workers in v o lv e d , 1951 Stoppages b eg in n in g in 1951 Number o f workers A ll w orkers .......................................................................... 6 and under 20 ................................................................... 20 and under 100 ............................................................... 100 and under 2 5 0 ............................................................. 250 and under 500 ............................................................. 500 and under 1,000 ........................................................ 1.000 and under 5.000 .................................................... 5.000 and under 10,000 .................................................. 10.000 and ov er ................................................................. Workers in v o lv ed 1 / P ercen t Number of to ta l Man-days i d l e d u rin g 1951 ( a l l stop p ages) P ercen t of Number to ta l Number P ercent of to ta l 9.737 100.0 2 , 220,000 100.0 2 2 , 900,000 100.0 675 1U.2 3H. 5 8,650 8 1,800 . 1* 3 .7 7 .1 9 .2 13.7 151*, 000 1 , 090,000 1*.8 1 ,6 8 0 ,0 0 0 2 , 010,000 2 , 910,000 6 . 520,000 2 . 870,000 5 ,6 8 0 ,0 0 0 1 2 .7 28.1* 1 2 .5 2 U.g 1.631 999 5«9 933 359 U2 19 21.0 12.U 9 .1 7 .5 •9 . 1* 158.000 203.000 303,000 710,000 295,000 U57 ,000 32.0 1 3 .3 20.6 l/ The fig u r e on number o f workers in c lu d e s d u p lic a te co u n tin g where th e same workers were in v o lv ed in more stoppage in th e y ea r. •7 7 .3 8.8 than one TABLE 10*—Work stop p ages by number o f esta b lish m en ts in v o lv e d , 1951 Man-days i d l e during 1951 Workers in v o lv e d £-7 _____( a l l stop p ages)__ P ercent P ercen t Number of of Number to ta l to ta l Stoppages b eg in n in g in 1951 Number o f e sta b lish m e n ts in v o lv ed Number Percent of to ta l A ll esta b lish m en ts ........................................................ 9.737 1 00.0 2 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 . 1 0 0 .0 2 2 , 900,000 1 0 0 .0 1 esta b lish m en t ............................................................... 2 to 5 e sta b lish m en ts .................................................. 6 to 10 esta b lish m en ts ............................................... 11 esta b lish m en ts or m o r e .................. ..................... 3.772 59H 121 7 9 .6 1 2 .5 2 .6 5 .3 1 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 2 8 8,000 5 5 .2 66,900 3 .0 2 8 .8 1 1 ,2 0 0 ,0 0 0 H,5^ 0,000 8 5 1 .0 0 0 6 . 370,000 1*8.7 1 9 .8 3 .7 250 638.000 13.0 27.8 1 / An e s ta b lish m e n t, f o r pu rp oses o f t h i s t a b l e , i s d efin e d a s a s in g le p h y s ic a l lo c a t io n where b u sin e s s i s conducted or where s e r v ic e s or in d u s t r ia l o p e r a tio n s are perform ed; f o r exam ple, a f a c t o r y , m i l l , s t o r e , m ine, or farm* A stoppage may in v o lv e o n e, tw o, or more e sta b lish m e n ts o f a s in g le employer or i t may in v o lv e d if f e r e n t employers* 2 / The fig u r e on number o f w orkers in c lu d e s d u p lic a te co u n tin g where th e same workers were in v o lv ed in more than one stoppage in th e year* - 17 TABUS 11.—Work stoppages involving 10,000 or more workers beginning in 1951 B e g in n in g d a te A p p ro x i m a te d u ra tio n ( c a le n d a r days) 1 / E s t a b lis h m e n t ( s ) and l o c a t io n U n io n (s ) in v o lv e d g/ A p p ro x i m a te num ber o f w o rk e rs in v o lv e d 2 / M a jo r te rra s o f s e tt le m e n t 2/ J a n . 30 U 12 R a ilro a d s , N a tio n -w id e B r o . o f R a ilr o a d T r a in m e n , ( I n d .) 7 0 ,0 0 0 W a g e s -h o u rs -r u le s d is p u te n o t s e tt le d a t t e r m in a tio n o f s to p p a g e . A rm y d i r e c t i v e p r o v id e d f o r in t e r i m h o u r l y w age i n c r e a s e s o f 12-J- c e n t s f o r y a rd m e n -a w l y a r i m a s t e r s a n d 5 c e n ts f o r r o a d s e r v i c e e m p lo y e e s , e ffe c tiv e O c t. 1 , 19 5 0 , p e n d in g s e ttle m e n t o f th e d is p u te b y th e p a rtie s in v o lv e d . F e b . 16 i/ n W o o le n a n d w o r s t e d m i l l s , C o n n ., G a . , K y . , M a in e , M a s s ., N . H . , N . J . , N . Y . , P a ., R . I . , and V t . T e x t i l e W o rk e rs U n io n , (C IO ) 4 8 ,0 0 0 A g r e e m e n t r e a c h e d M a rc h 13 w ith A m e r ic a n W o o le n C o . , th e la r g e s t fir m i n th e i n d u s t r y , on one y e a r c o n tr a c t p r o v id in g f o r 12 c e n t s h o u r l y w age i n c r e a s e , esca la to r c la u s e , im p r o v e d i n s u r a n c e b e n e fit s , s e ve ra n c e p a y , e t c . O th e r m ills in v o lv e d in th e sto p p a g e g e n e r a l l y a c c e p te d t h e A m e ric a n W o o le n C o . p a tte r n o f s e ttle m e n t. 2 8 ,0 0 0 U n i o n m em bers v o t e d t o r e t u r n t o w o rk F e b . 2 6 , w ith re q u e s t t o g o ve rn o r to v e to b i l l le g a lizin g s a fe t y in s p e c tio n s b y s e c tio n fo r e m en. 1 8 ,0 0 0 Is s u e s t o be s e ttle d b y p a r t i e s u p o n re s u m p tio n o f w o r k . F e b . 19 7 F e b . 22 13 U n i t e d M in e W o r k e r s , C o a l m in e s , ( I n d .) B l u e f i e l d and N o r th e r n W . V a . & Tennessee C o a l, Ir o n R a ilr o a d C o ., B ir m in g h a m a r e a , A l a . U n ite d S te e lw o r k e rs , (C IO ) M a rc h 1 6 2 F a l l R i v e r T e x t i l e M a n u f a c t u r e r s F a l l R i v e r L o o m f ix e r s * U n io n ( I n d .) , aw l A s s o c ia tio n , S la s h e rs & K n o tF a ll R i v e r , M a s s , and T ie r s A s s ’ n . ( I n d .) v ic in ity 1 0 ,5 0 0 Tw o y e a r c o n t r a c t r a t i f i e d b y m e m b e rs h ip p r o v i d i n g f o r im m e d ia te w age i n c r e a s e , q u a rte rly c o s t-o fl i v i n g a d ju s tm e n ts , s e ve ra n c e p a y , in c r e a s e d h o s p it a l and i l l n e s s b e n e f i t s ^ and o t h e r f r i n g e b e n e f i t s . M a rc h 30 5 W e s tin g h o u s e E l e c t r i c C o r p . , E a s t P itts b u rg h , P a . I n t ' l U n io n o f E l e c t r i c a l , R a d io a n d M a c h in e W ork e r s , (C IO ) 1 4 ,0 0 0 W o rke rs r e tu r n e d w it h o u t f o r m al s e ttle m e n t. C o tto n and ra y o n m i l l s , A l a ., G a ., L a ., N . C . , S . C . , T e n n ., and V a . T e x t i l e W o rke rs U n io n , (C IO ) 4 0 ,0 0 0 P r o d u c t i o n was re s u m e d i n a m a j o r i t y o f t h e m i l l s i n c o m p lia n c e w ith a r e q u e s t b y d i r e c t o r o f th e F e d e r a l M e d ia tio n and C o n c i l i a t i o n S e rv ic e . On M ay 7 he a p p o in te d a s p e c i a l 3 -m a n p a n e l t o a i d t h e p a r t ie s in n e g o tia tio n s . G a rm e n t m a n u fa c tu r e r s , N . Y . , N . J . , C o n n ., and e a s te r n P a . I n t ’ l L a d ie s * G a rm e n t W o rk e rs, ( A F L ) 2 1 ,0 0 0 A g r e e m e n t r e a c h e d b e tw e e n a s s o c ia tio n an d u n i o n on in c r e a s e d m inim um w age r a t e s , c o n v e rs io n fr o m w eek w o rk ( t i m e - r a t e s ) in " s e c tio n w o rk" shops t o a p ie c e r a t e b a s iv S , e q u i t a b l e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w o rk am ong s h o p s , in c re a s e in e m p lo y e rs ’ c o n tr ib u tio n to th e h e a lth an d v a c a t i o n f u n d . F r in g e is s u e s and o t h e r c o n t r a c t c la u s e s r e f e r r e d t o t h e i n d u s t r y ’ s im p a r t i a l c h a ir m a n f o r d e c i s i o n . M a r itim e i n d u s t r y , E a s t , W e s t, a n d G u l f C o a s t s N a t io n a l M a r itim e U n i o n ; M a r in e E n g i n e e rs ’ B e n e fic ia l A s s ’ n . , and A m e r ic a n R a d io A s s ’ n . , ( C I O ) 1 5 ,0 0 0 Im m e d ia te re d u c tio n o f th e b a s i c w o rk w e e k a t s e a a f t e r w h ic h o v e r tim e i s p a id fro m 4 3 h o u rs to 4 4 h o u r s , w ith a f u r t h e r r e d u c tio n to 40 h o u rs on D e c . 1 5 , 1 9 5 1 ; b a s ic wage i n c r e a s e o f 8 p e rc e n t o v e r Ja n u a r y 19 5 0 r a te s f o r m ost o f th e w o rk e rs in v o lv e d . A p r il 1 6 / 122 Ju n e 12 2 Ju n e 16 11 http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Sea footnotes at end of table, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis - 18 - B e g in n in g d a te J u l y 19 J u l y 19 T A B L E 1 1 , — W o rk s t o p p a g e s i n v o l v i n g 1 0' .0 0 0r o r....m o re w o r k e r s b e g i n n i n g i n 1 9 5 1 - C o n t i n u e d »— A p p ro x i A p p ro x i m a te m a te num ber U n io n (s ) in v o lv e d 2 / d u ra tio n E s t a b lis h m e n t ( s ) and lo c a t io n M a jo r te rm s o f s e ttle m e n t 2 / o f w o rk ( c a le n d a r e rs in d a y s) 1 / v o lv e d 2 / 1/ 12 5 C h r y s l e r C o r p . (D o d g e M a in P la n t), D e t r o i t , M ic h . U n i t e d A u to m o b ile W o rke rs, (C IO ) 2 7 ,0 0 0 Jo n e s & I & u g h lin S t e e l C o r p ., A liq u ip p a , P a . U n ite d S te e lw o r k e rs , (C IO ) 1 2 ,0 0 0 W o rke rs r e tu r n e d t o t h e i r j obs w ith o u t fo r m a l a g re e m e n t. tie s Is s u e s t o be s e ttle d b y p a r u pon re s u m p tio n o f w o r k . J u l y 30 63 C a t e r p i l l a r T r a c to r C o ., E a s t P e o ria , 1 1 1 . U n i t e d A u t o m o b i le W o rk e rs, (C IO ) 2 4 ,0 0 0 G e n e r a l w age i n c r e a s e o f 13-Jc e n t s a n h o u r . C o s t - o f - l i v i n g wage a d ju s t m e n t o n F e b . 1 , 1 9 5 2 . Aug. 27 12 C o p p e r and o th e r n o n -fe r r o u s m e ta l m in e s , m i l l s and s m e lte r s , N a tio n -w id e I n t ' l U n io n o f M in e , M i l l and S m e lte r W o rk e rs , ( I n d .) 40,000 K e n n e c o t t C o p p e r C o r p . and t h e u n io n re a c h e d a g re e m e n t o n A u g u s t 3 1 o n w age i n c r e a s e s a n d a p e n s i o n fu n d . W o rke rs e m p lo y e d b y t h e o th e r c o m p a n ie s a ffe c te d b y th e s trik e re tu rn e d t o t h e i r jo b s by S e p t. 10 u nd e r a F e d e ra l C o u rt i n ju n c tio n . S e p t. 5 44 D o u g la s A i r c r a f t C o . , Lo n g B e a c h , S a n ta M o n ic a , an d E l S e g u n d o , C a l i f . U n i t e d A u to m o b ile W o rk e rs , ( C I O ) , and U n ite d A i r c r a f t W e ld e r s , ( I n d .) 1 0 ,0 0 0 W o rke rs v o te d to re tu rn to w o rk i n c o m p lia n c e w i t h re q u e s ts o f t h e P r e s i d e n t a n d t h e Wage S t a b iliza tio n B o a rd . The WSB h a d a g re e d t o c o n s id e r th e is s u e s i n v o lv e d a fte r te r m in a tio n o f th e s tr ik e . S e p t . 26 23 W r ig h t A e r o n a u tic a l C o r p ., U n i t e d A u t o m o b i le W o o d -R id g e a n d G a r f i e l d , N . J . W o rke rs, (C IO ) 1 3 ,0 0 0 U n i o n m em b ers v o t e d t o " r e c e s s ” t h e s t r i k e i n c o m p lia n c e w i t h re q u e s ts o f th e P r e s id e n t and th e Wage S t a b i l i z a t i o n B o a r d , and to g iv e c o n s i d e r a t i o n t o t h e B o a r d 's re c o m m e n d a tio n s f o r s e t t l e m e n t . In la n d S t e e l C o ., E a s t C h ic a g o , I n d . U n ite d S te e lw o r k e rs , (C IO ) 1 4 ,5 0 0 D is p u te over in c e n tiv e pay re fe rre d to a r b itr a to r s a p p o in te d b y th e d ire c to r o f th e Fe d e ra l M e d i a t i o n and C o n c i l i a t i o n S e r v i c e . O c t. 11 8 O c t . 15 26 S te v e d o r in g and s h ip p in g c o m p a n ie s , New Y o r k , N . Y .- N e w J e r s e y , and B o s t o n , M a s s . I n t ' l L o n g s h o r e m e n 's A s s 'n ., ( A F L ) 1 7 ,0 0 0 A m a jo r ity o f th e s tr ik e r s re t u r n e d t o w o rk a t t h e r e q u e s t o f a B o a rd o f I n q u ir y a p p o in te d b y th e New Y o r k S t a t e I n d u s t r i a l Com m is s io n e r to in q u ir e i n t o th e d is p u te . O c t. 24 1 M ilk D e a le r s , New Y o r k , N . Y . , New J e r s e y , and C o n n . I n t ' l B r o . o f Team s te rs , (A FL) 1 4 ,0 0 0 Im m e d ia te w age in c re a s e of $ 10 a w e e k , and 2 c e n ts a n h o u r in c r e a s e i n e m p lo y e rs ’ c o n t r i b u t i o n t o t h e W e lfa r e T r u s t F u n d . O c t . 23 21 Tennessee C o a l, Ir o n & R a ilro a d C o ., B ir m in g h a m a r e a , A l a . U n ite d S te e lw o r k e rs , (C IO ) 2 5 ,0 0 0 tie s Is s u e s t o be s e tt le d b y p a r u pon r e s u m p tio n o f w o r k . 1/ I n c l u d e s n o n -w o r k d a y s , su c h a s S a t u r d a y s , S u n d a y s , a n d h o l i d a y s . O n l y n o r m a l l y s c h e d u le d w o r k d a y s a r e u s e d i n c o m p u tin g s t r i k e i d l e n e s s , T h e u n io n s l i s t e d a r e th o s e d i r e c t l y i n v o lv e d i n t h e d i s p u t e . T h e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s i n v o l v e d m ay i n c l u d e m em bers o f o t h e r u n i o n s o r n o n - u n i o n w o r k e r s i d l e d b y t h e d i s p u t e i n t h e same e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , 7j " W o r k e r s i n v o l v e d ” i n c l u d e a l l w o r k e r s m ade i d l e f o r o n e s h i f t o r l o n g e r i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i r e c t l y i n v o l v e d i n a s t o p p a g e . T h e y d o n o t m e a s u re th e in d ir e c t o r s e c o n d a r y e f f e c t s o n o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o r i n d u s t r i e s w h o se e m p lo y e e s a r e m ade i d l e a s a r e s u l t o f m a t e r i a l o r s e r v i c e s h o r t a g e s , 2/ D e s c r ip tio n o f s e ttle m e n ts i s l i m i t e d t o t h e i r m a j o r te r m s a s t h e y w e re r e a c h e d b y t h e p a r tie s t o th e d is p u te . S e t t l e m e n t s a r r i v e d a t a f t e r J a n u a r y 25 w e re i n some i n s t a n c e s s u b j e c t t o WSB a p p r o v a l b u t n o e f f o r t h a s b e e n m ade h e r e t o r e c o r d a n y r e v i s i o n s i n s e t t l e m e n t s m ade n e c e s s a r y b y B o a r d r u l i n g s . T h e m o n t h l y C u r r e n t Wage D e v e lo a m e n ts r e p o r t o f t h e B u r e a u d e s c r i b e s t h e w age s e t t l e m e n t s s o m e tim e s i n g r e a t e r d e t a i l t h a n t h e y a r e p r e s e n t e d h e r e a n d d i s c u s s e s WSB p o l i c y and a c t i o n s , A b a c k - t o - w o r k m o ve m e n t b e g a n o n F e b r u a r y 6 i n s e v e r a l E a s t e r n c i t i e s . O t h e r w o r k e r s c o m p lie d w i t h a n A r m y d i r e c t i v e , is s u e d F e b r u a r y 8 , 1 9 5 1 , w h ic h o r d e r e d th e m t o r e t u r n t o t h e i r j o b s w i t h i n 4 8 h o u r s o r f a c e d i s m i s s a l an d l o s s o f s e n io r ity r ig h ts . j j / T h e m a j o r i t y o f t h e m i l l s r e o p e n e d o n M a rc h 1 9 , b u t a s u b s t a n t i a l num ber d i d n o t re o p e n u n t i l l a t e A p r i l . Som e 7 0 ,0 0 0 m em bers o f t h e T e x t i l e W o rk e rs U n i o n ( C I O ) w e re i d l e d u r i n g t h e p e r i o d o f t h i s s t o p p a g e , b u t o n l y 4 8 ,0 0 0 w e re i n v o l v e d i n t h i s s i n g l e s t o p p a g e . T h e r e m a i n d e r w e re i n v o l v e d i n l o c a l s t o p p a g e s . 6 / T h e p o l i c y c o m m itte e o f t h e u n i o n v o t e d , o n M a y 5 , t o c o m p ly w i t h t h e r e q u e s t t o c a l l o f f t h e s t r i k e , A m a jo rity o fFRASER t h e w o r k e r s r e t u r n e d t o t h e i r j o b s b y t h e m id d l e o f M a y ; o t h e r s re s u m e d w o r k d u r i n g l a t e M a y , J u n e , a n d J u l y . Digitized for I n t e r m it t e n t id le n e s s o f o n ly 4 d a y s . http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ lj 21 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis - 19 TABLE 12.— Duration of work stoppages ending in 1951 S to p p a g e s D u r a tio n A l l p e r io d s 1 2 4 1 L 1 2 3 P e rc e n t N u m b er of to ta l Num ber y P e rc e n t of to ta l 100.0 2, 200,000 ............................................... ................................................................................................................................... d a y ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ t o 3 d a y s ............................................................................................................... ................................................................... d a y s a n d l e s s t h a n 1 w e e k ........................................................................................ ............................... w e e k a n d l e s s t h a n A m o n th ..................................................................................................................... m o n th a n d l e s s t h a n 1 m o n t h ................................................................................... ............................... m o n th a n d l e s s t h a n 2 m o n th s ............................................................................................................... m o n th s a n d l e s s t h a n 3 m o n th s ........................................................................................................... m o n th s a n d o v e r ............... ............................................................................. ........................................................... W o rke rs i n v o lv e d 692 9 19 723 1 ,0 0 9 680 6 161 ike 42 14.5 19.3 15.2 4 2 2 ,0 0 0 2 1 .2 5 4 8 ,0 0 0 1 4 .3 9 .0 3 .4 3 .1 M a n -d a y s :i d l e Num ber 100.0 2/ 21, 800,000 247,000 1 1 .2 1 9 .2 1 6 .3 2 4 .8 1 3 .8 6 .3 5 .4 3 .0 358,000 303,000 1 4 0 ,0 0 0 119,000 65,100 2 4 8 ,0 0 0 8 4 2 ,0 0 0 1 130,000 , 3 ,2 7 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,0 5 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,1 1 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,5 7 0 ,0 0 0 , 3 620,000 P e rc e n t of to ta l 100.0 1 .1 3 .9 5 .2 1 5 .1 1 8 .5 18.8 2 0 .9 16.6 1/ The figure on number of workers includes duplicate counting where the same workers were involved in more than one stoppage in the year. 2/ This figure is smaller than the total man-days idle shown in preceding tables because the figures in this and the next two tables relate only to those stoppages ending in 1 9 5 1 . TABLE 13.— Method of terminating work stoppages ending in 1951 Stoppages Method of termination All methods .................. .................. ................. Agreement of parties reached— Directly ...................................................... With assistance of Government agencies ...................... With assistance of non-Goverament mediators or agencies .... Terminated without formal settlement ............................ Employers discontinued business ............ .................... Not r e p o r t e d ................ ..................... . Percent Number of total Workers involved Number 1 / Man-days idle Percent of total Number Percent of total 4,758 100.0 2,200,000 100.0 2/21,800,000 100.0 2,442 1 , 1 3 8 49 51.4 23.9 1.0 20.8 1.0 822,000 829,000 1 5 , 0 0 0 5 0 8 , 0 0 0 4,040 2 2 , 3 0 0 37.3 37.7 .7 2 3 .I 4,980,000 1 3 ,6 0 0 , 0 0 0 87,900 2 ,9 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 3 9 , 0 0 0 184,000 22.9 6 2 . 0 .4 13.3 992 47 9 0 1.9 .2 1.0 .6 .8 l/ The figure on number of workers includes duplicate counting where the same workers were involved in more than one stoppage I n the year. 2/ See footndte 2, table 12. TABLE 14.— Disposition of issues in work stoppages ending in 1951 Stop]pages Disposition of issues Percent oA Number total By other means 4/ ............................................ Not reported .................. .......... ..................... *. Number 1 / Man-days idle Percent Percent of total Number 2/21,800,000 100.0 2,200,000 100.0 3,558 74.7 1,440,000 6 5 . 4 757 76 143 131 93 15.9 1.6 3.0 2.8 2.0 5 0 3 , 0 0 0 6 0 , 8 0 0 8 6 . 9 0 0 73,500 3 6 , 9 0 0 4 , 7 5 8 Issues settled or disposed of at termination of stoppage 3 / ... Some or all issues to be adjusted after resumption of worE-By direct negotiation between employer(s) and u n i o n ..... . By negotiation with the aid of Government agencies ...... . Workers involved 22.9 2.8 3.9 3.3 1.7 of total 1 6 ,3 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 ,9 9 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 5 , 0 0 0 528,000 1 ,0 6 0 , 0 0 0 424,000 100.0 74.9 13.7 2.3 2.4 4.8 1.9 l/ The figure on number of workers includes duplicate counting where the same workers were involved in more than one stoppage in the year. 2/ See footnote 2, table 12. 3/ Includes (a) those strikes in which a settlement was reached on the issues prior to return to work, (b) those in which the parties agreed to utilize the company’s grievance procedure, and (c) any strikes in which the workers returned without formal agreement or settlement. 4/ Included in this group are the cases referred to the National or State labor relations boards or other agencies for decisions or elections. - 20 - A p p e n d ix e s Appendix A includes tables presenting workstoppage data by specific industries, by industry groups and major issues, and by States with 25 or more stoppages during the year. Appendix B includes a b r i e f summary methods o f c o lle c t in g strik e s t a t is t i c s . A p p e n d ix o f the A TABLE A .— Work stop p a ges in 1951. by s p e c i f i c in d u s tr y I n d u s try W orkers in v o lv e d Mandays i d l e d u rin g . 1951 ( a l l sto p p a g e s ) %L. ‘‘ .•TJ7, 2 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 S topp ages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number A l l i n d u s t r ie s ........................................................ MANUFACTURING Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................. B la s t fu r n a c e s , s t e e l w ork s, and r o l l i n g m i l l s ................................................. Iron and s t e e l fo u n d r ie s ............................ Prim ary s m e ltin g and r e f i n i n g o f n o n fe r ro u s m eta ls ........................................ Secondary s m e ltin g snd r e f i n i n g o f n o n fe r ro u s m eta ls and a l l o y s .............. R o l l i n g , draw in g, and a l l o y i n g o f n o n fe r ro u s m eta ls ........................................ N on ferrou s fo u n d r ie s ..................................... M is c e lla n e o u s prim a ry m etal i n d u s t r ie s ........................................................ F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ................................................................. T in ca n s and o t h e r tin w a re ........................ C u t le r y , h a n d t o o ls , and g e n e ra l hardware ............................................................. H ea tin g a p p a ra tu s (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c ) and p lu m b ers' s u p p lie s ............................ F a b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l m etal p r o d u c t s .. M etal sta m ping, c o a t in g , and e n g ra v in g .......................................................... L ig h t in g f i x t u r e s ............................................ F a b r ic a t e d w ir e p r o d u c t s ............................ M is c e lla n e o u s f a b r i c a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s ............................................................ 2 / 30g 21U.000 1 ,6 3 0 ,0 0 0 73 1 3 1 ,0 0 0 2 b , 700 5 62 ,00 0 300 ,00 0 15 2 1 ,5 0 0 26U.OOO ib 6 2 350 2 ,6 b 0 23 15 lg ,2 0 0 U,9U0 2U3.000 15g ,00 0 36 13.300 10U.000 2b2 8 gU,200 1 0 ,g oo 1 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 b ,200 33 1 0 ,1 0 0 1 71 ,00 0 b3 6U 1 7 .6 0 0 1 9 ,7 0 0 191 ,00 0 2 9 g ,0 0 0 57 7 1 5 ,6 0 0 3U0 2 72 ,00 0 12 5,510 2 9 ,0 0 0 lg U.580 2 99 ,00 0 6 2 ,0 2 0 15,5 00 1 b 1 620 1 ,3 1 0 10 , ICO 90 2 ,7 0 0 136 i o u . ooo 1,0U 0,000 55 7 66,1 00 U ,3 io U,6bo 6 2 b ,000 b5,0 00 2 6 ,2 0 0 10 g ,3 6 o 7 3.950 g g ,2 0 0 b l ,800 39 7 1U.600 2 ,0 5 0 1 79,000 36,UOO M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ..................... E ngines and t u r b in e s ..................................... A g r ic u lt u r a l m achinery and t r a c t o r s . . C o n s tru ctio n and m ining m achinery and equipment ................................................. M etalw orking m achinery ................................. S p e c ia l- in d u s t r y m achinery (e x c e p t m etalw orkin g m a chin ery) .......................... G eneral in d u s t r ia l m achinery and equipment .......................................................... O f f i c e and s t o r e m achines and d e v ic e s .............................................................. S e r v ic e -in d u s t r y and h ou seh old m achines ............................................................ M is c e lla n e o u s m achinery p a r t s ................. 26g 158^)00 6*520 5 6 ,0 0 0 3 ,3 7 0 ,0 0 0 2 1 ,9 0 0 1 ,1 1 0 ,0 0 0 T ra n sp o r ta tio n equipment ................................. Motor v e h i c l e s and m o t o r -v e h ic le equipment .......................................................... A i r c r a f t and p a r t s ..................... .................... Ship and b oat b u il d i n g and r e p a i r i n g .. R a ilro a d equipment .......................................... M o t o r c y c le s , b i c y c l e s , and p a r t s .......... Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ................................. Guns, h o w it z e r s , m o rta rs , and r e l a t e d equipment .......................................................... Ammunition, ex ce p t f o r sm all arms . . . . Small arms ammunition ................................... E l e c t r i c a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... E l e c t r i c a l g e n e r a tin g , tr a n s m is s io n , d i s t r i b u t i o n , and in d u s t r ia l ap p aratu s .......................................................... E l e c t r i c a l a p p lia n c e s ................................... I n s u la te d w ire and c a b le ............................ E l e c t r i c a l equipment f o r m otor v e h i c l e s , a i r c r a f t , and ra ilw a y lo c o m o t iv e s and c a r s ................................. E l e c t r i c lamps ................................................... Communication equipm ent and r e l a t e d p r o d u c ts ............................................................ M is c e lla n e o u s e l e c t r i c a l p r o d u c ts . . . . See footnotes at end of table, 11 9 U9 2,350 2 ,6 6 0 22 Ul b ,7 b 0 lg .g o o 1 90 ,00 0 7 29,000 26 5.870 166 ,00 0 58 2 1 ,9 0 0 571 ,00 0 7 3 .U50 7 2 ,b oo 30 26 ig ,3 0 0 2 2 ,7 0 0 2 6 2 ,0 0 0 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 19U 2 3 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0 109 2q 1U3.000 U g.goo 1 6 ,1 00 2 1 , g oo 60 g g 3 ,o o o 765 ,00 0 5U1.000 blO.OOO 3 .3 5 0 31 2U 1 I n d u s try S topp ages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number Workers in v o lv e d I / Mandays i d l e d u rin g 1951 ( e l l s to p p a g e s ) MANUFACTURING - C ontinued Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................ L ogg in g camps and lo g g in g c o n t r a c t o r s ................................................... Saw m ills and p la n in g m il ls ................... M illw o rk , p ly w ood , and p r e fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l wood p r o d u c ts ..................... Wooden c o n t a in e r s .......................................... M is c e lla n e o u s wood p r o d u c ts ................... 118 22,800 21 U5 2,550 33,800 1 3 ,8 0 0 1 1 b ,000 2 5 1 ,0 0 0 21 3.170 35.800 17 1U 2 ,6 b o 690 5 1 ,2 0 0 1 6 ,1 0 0 F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ................................... H ousehold fu r n it u r e ..................................... O f f i c e fu r n it u r e ............................................ P u b l ic - b u il d i n g and p r o f e s s io n a l fu r n it u r e ........................................................ P a r t i t i o n s , s h e l v in g , l o c k e r s , and o f f i c e and s t o r e f i x t u r e s ................... Window and d o o r s c r e e n s , sh a d es, and V en etian b li n d s .......................................... 99 71 19 2 2 ,7 0 0 1 7 ,6 0 0 b ,b 3 0 3 09 ,00 0 2 6 8 ,0 0 0 3 1 ,0 0 0 3 360 b ,b 2 0 2 80 2 ,b b 0 b 230 3.330 S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts .............. F la t g la s s .......................................................... G la ss and g la s s w a r e , p r e s s e d o r blown ................................................................. G la ss p r o d u c ts made o f pu rch a sed g l a 88 ................................................................. Cement, h y d r a u lic .......................................... S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c ts .......................... P o t t e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c ts ................. C o n c r e te , gypsum, and p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s ............v .......................................... C u t-s to n e and sto n e p r o d u c ts ................. A b r a s iv e , a s b e s t o s , and m is c e lla n e ous n o n -m e t a llic m in eral p r o d u c ts .......................................................... 132 5 1 9 ,0 0 0 1 .8 7 0 2 3 1 ,0 0 0 1 2 ,5 0 0 11 2 ,3 b o 2 7 ,2 0 0 b 12 U2 10 2bo 2 ,9 0 0 b .b o o 1 ,8 7 0 6 7 .1 0 0 3 b ,600 2b 2 ,1 1 0 110 21 3,180 3 5 ,0 00 T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts ..................................... Yarn and th re a d m i l l s ( c o t t o n , w o o l, s i l k , and s y n t h e t ic f i b e r ) ................ Broad-w oven f a b r i c m il ls ( c o t t o n , w o o l, s i l k , and s y n t h e t ic f i b e r ) . . Narrow f a b r i c s end o th e r sm allw eres m il ls ( c o t t o n , w o o l, s i l k , and s y n t h e t ic f i b e r ) ....................................... K n it t in g m i l l s ................................................. D yeing and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s (e x c e p t k n it g o o d s) ................................. C a rp e ts, r u g s , and o th e r f l o o r c o v e r in g s ........................................................ Hat8 (e x c e p t c l o t h and m i l l i n e r y ) . . . M is c e lla n e o u s t e x t i l e g ood s ................... 121 153 ,00 0 3 , 1190,000 12 b ,b 6o 7 9 .1 0 0 50 1 29 ,00 0 2 .9UO.OOO 5 17 880 3.380 2 7 .5 0 0 1 1 3 ,0 0 0 12 2 , b io 38,200 8 10 8,820 1,180 2,980 6 3 .7 0 0 2 5 ,0 0 0 2 0 9 ,0 0 0 210 5b , 000 3 5 b ,000 b 1 ,5 1 0 2.880 32 110 b ,66o 58,900 3 3,6 00 1 3 5 ,00 0 1 .9 7 0 36.900 1,820 15.700 34,200 A p pa rel and o t h e r fi n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls .............................................................. M e n 's, y o u t h s ', and b o y s ' s u i t s , c o a t s , and o v e r c o a t s .............................. M en 's, y o u t h s ', and b o y s ' fu r n is h in g s , work c l o t h i n g , and a l l i e d garments ......................................... Women's and m is s e s ' ou terw ea r .............. Women's, m i s s e s ', c h i l d r e n 's , and in f a n t s ' undergarm ents .......................... M illin e r y ............................................................ C h ild r e n 's and i n f a n t s ' ou terw ea r . . . Fur g oods ............................................................ M is c e lla n e o u s a p p a re l and a c c e s s o r i e s ................................................... M isc e lla n e o u s f a b r ic a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c ts .......................................................... L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts ..................... L ea th er: tan n ed, c u r r i e d , and fi n is h e d .......................................................... F ootw ear (e x c e p t ru b b er) .......................... Luggage ................................................................. Handbags and sm a ll le a t h e r g ood s . . . . M is c e lla n e o u s le a t h e r g ood s ................... 3 7 lb 3 210 15 1,680 11,800 b o ,b o o 6b0 5 1 .3 1 0 6 ,5 6 0 9 1 .9 3 0 9 .boo 18 2,210 5 8 ,6 0 0 78 2 2 ,6 0 0 2 2 1 ,0 0 0 7 780 20,800 9 ,2 9 0 2 01 ,00 0 56 10 3 2 830 5,820 lb o 2,000 90 2 ,0 5 0 - 21 - TABLEA.—Vork stoppages in 1951, by specific industry - Continued Industry ManStoppages begin days id le ning in 1951 during Workers . 1951 ( n i l Number involved » stoppages) Industry Number MANUFACTURING - Continued MANUFACTURING - Continued Food and kindred uroducts ............................. Meat products .................................................. Canning end preservin g fr u it s , vegetables and sea foods ....................... Bakery products .............................................. Sugar .................................................................. Confectionery and rela ted products . . . . Beverage industries ...................................... M iscellaneous food preparations and kindred product s ........................................ Tobacco manufactures ....................................... Cigars ................................................................ Paper bags .................................................... .. Pulp goods and m iscellaneous converted paper p r o d u c t s ............................................ P rin tin g , p ublishing, and a l li e d in d u stries ..................... ..................................... Newspapers ........................................................ P e rio d ica ls ...................................................... Commercial p rin tin g ...................................... Greeting cards .............................................. Bookbinding and rela ted in d u stries . . . . Service industries fo r the p rin tin g trade .............................................................. Chemicalb and a l li e d products ................. .. In d u strial inorganic chemicals ............... Tnrin«t,r1«1 rhomf n«l a Drugs and medicines ...................................... Soap and g ly c e r in , cleaning and p o lis h in g preparations and sulfon8ted o i l s and a ssista n ts ........... P a in ts, varn ishes, lacqu ers, japans, and enamels; inorganic c o lo r p ig ments, w hiting, and wood f i l l e r s . . . . Gum and wood chemicals ............................... F e r t iliz e r s ...................................................... find sq I ibsI oi.1.8 find. f$ ts »• •• Miscellaneous chem icals, including in d u strial chemical products and preparations ................................................ 197 5U 6 77,500 2U.600 550 819,000 122,000 b ,630 13 22 ^3 5 10 35 2,170 7,7?o 22,800 3 .LU0 990 1U.700 22,800 116,000 2U6.000 70,200 36,700 196,000 12,700 360 ■no 2,200 195.000 6.370 11,bOO 18,800 l 760 7.630 lb 1,570 23,900 12 3,b30 b i ,900 bl b ,090 8b,800 21 9 1 11 17,200 6,200 30 11,000 3b s,ooo 173,000 200 175,000 92 5 X 16 570 5.360 5 5 1,610 1,610 l b , 100 1U,100 5U 17 1 1 1 19 20,600 13,800 200 uo 60 3.380 395,000 590 2U0 U.550 67,boo 15 3 ,lb o 26,500 M in in g ................................. ................................. 2/ 622 Metal ................................................................ 23 Anthracite ...................................................... 30 5b9 Bituminous-coal .......................................... Non-m etallic and quarrying ..................... 2b 2 8b,000 b3,100 23.900 213,000 3 .U70 1 ,290,000 269,000 81,200 887,000 53,100 27 7 _ b 6 2 U 1.150 260 — 120 290 100 120 29,500 3.390 8 ,bbo 1,030 5,020 5,280 3.960 Construction ...................................................... Building .......................................................... Highways, s tr e e ts , b rid g e s , docks, e t c .................................................................. M is ce lla n e o u s ............................................... 651 573 232,000 217,000 1, 190,000 1 ,060,000 13,900 6bo 123,000 3,720 U 270 2 ,b20 Trade .................................................................... Wholesale ........................................................ R eta il .............................................................. 277 112 165 b o ,000 20,500 19.500 289,000 72,100 217,000 67 5 15 7 20,000 1,180 g,U80 *950 201,000 39,200 6b ,600 5 ,6bO Finance, insurance, and re a l e sta te . . . . In s u ra n c e ........................................................ Real estate .................................................... 21 b 17 l b , 300 12,000 2 , 3bo 208,000 201,000 6,980 6 U,980 3b , 600 387 17 231,000 75,900 1,790,000 b67,ooo 8 2 7 cJ 2,280 320 b20 360 31,800 b ,250 6,630 M 70 86 23 97 30 b9 5 29 19 32 26,600 5.130 21,900 3.520 55.300 6,670 30,900 3.180 1.750 bb5 ,ooo 36,boo 12b , 000 28,800 b83,000 25,500 128,000 b i , 6oo 10,600 179 31 3U 10 5 lb 21,300 b ,830 3,110 3bo 3.190 870 329.000 b s jo o 38,900 b ,290 76,900 7.180 9 15 19 16 26 150 1,110 1,520 b ,900 1,250 b ,020 10,200 39.200 71.500 28,000 36 b ,900 28.800 12 1,060 10,000 19 8 u 7 5 . 2U0 1,680 1,110 2 ,h60 55.500 37.200 10,500 7.820 Rubber products .................................................. T ires and inner tubes .................................. PiVh'ha?* f aaI wab Reclaimed r u b b e r ..................... ...................... Rubber in d u s trie s, not elsewhere c l a s s i f ie d .................................................... 156 107 3 2 137.000 106,000 5,090 710 700.000 bb6 ,ooo 11,900 2,920 bb 25,100 239,000 26 10,200 127,000 b 1.300 8,390 2 3 690 100 U.370 2,150 M iscellaneous manufacturing in d u s t r ie s .. Jew elry, silverw are, and p lated w a re .. Mimlnal i r>stT*um«nts and part* . . . . . . . . Toys and sportin g and a t h le t ic g o o d s .. Pens, p e n c ils , and other o f f i c e and anti at. n* m atariala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Costume je w e lry , costume n o v e ltie s , button s, and m iscellaneous notions (except p reciou s m etal) ....................... Fabricated p la s t ic s produ cts, not elsewhere c l a s s i f ie d ............................. Miscellaneous manufacturing in d u stries .................................................. 9 Products o f petroleum and co a l ................... Petroleum r e fin in g ........................................ Coke and byproducts ...................................... Paving and ro o fin g m aterials ................... P ro fe s sio n a l, s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n tr o llin g Instruments; photographic end o p t ic a l goods; watches and c lo ck s . . Laboratory, s c i e n t i f i c , and engineering instruments (except s u rg ic a l, m edical, and dental) ........... Mechanical measuring and c o n tr o llin g instruments .................................................. O ptical instruments and lenses ............... S u rg ical, m edical, and dental instruments and supplies ....................... Ophthalmic goods ............................................ Photographic equipment and supplies . . . Watches, c lo c k s , clockw ork-operated d e v ice s , and parts .................................... Mandays id le during Workers 1951 («11 involved 1/ stoppages) Stoppages begin ning in 1951 6 6 l,b 7 0 200 b 2,7bo 53.300 3.130 33.100 1 3.700 22,200 NONMANUFACTURING A gricu ltu re, fo re s tr ^ a n d fis h in g . . . . . . A g r ic u lt u r e .................................................... F o r e s t r y ......................................................... Fiahing ........................................................ .. T ransportation, communication, and other pu blic u t i l i t i e s ............................... Railroads ........................................................ S treetcar and bus transportation ( c i t y and suburban) ............................... In te r c ity motorbus transportation . . . . Motortruck transportation ....................... T»t 1cabs ............................................ Water transportation ................................. A ir transportation ...................................... Communication ................................................ Heat, l i g h t , and power ............................. M iscellaneous ................................................ Services—personal,busin ess and o t h e r ... Hotels and other lodging p laces ........... Laundries ........................................................ Cleaning, dyeing,and pressin g ............... Barber and beauty shops ........................... Business s e rv ice s ....................................... Automobile rep a ir s ervices and garages ........................................................ Amusement and recrea tion ......................... Medical and other health se rvice s . . . . Educational s e rv ice s ................................. M iscellaneous ................................................ Government— adm inistration, p r o te c tio n , and san itation j j / ........ ................................ 75 3 . 1 / The fig u r e on number o f voxkers includes some du plicate counting where the same workers were involved l a more than one stoppage in the year. 2 / This fig u r e i s l s s s than the sum o f the fig u r e s below as a few s tr ik e s , sxtending in to two o r more industry groups hare been counted in each industry group a ffe c t e d , with workers and man—days a llo c a te d t o the re s p e ctiv e groups. J Stoppages in v olv in g muniolpally operated u t i l i t i e s are inoluded under "tran sp orta tion , communication, and other p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . " 2 TABLEB.— Industry group and major issues York stoppages in 1951* "by industry Mandays id le during Worker s w 1951 ( a l l involved —' stoppages) Stoppages begin ning in 1951 Number group and major issues Industry group and major issues Mandays id le during Worker* , 1951 ( a l l involved A/ stoppages) Stoppages begin ning in 1951 Number A ll in d u stries .................................................... b,737 Wages and hours .............................................. 2/ 2,102 Union org an iza tion , wages, and hours . . . 206 Union organ ization ........................................ 2/ 682 Other working con dition s ........................... 2/ 1 , 3U2 Interunion or intraunion matters ........... 326 Not reported .................................................... 7q 2 , 220,000 1,180,000 53.000 82,600 761,000 132,000 lo .q o o 22, 900,000 l b , 300,000 l.s b o .o o o 1 ,620,000 b , 180,000 89b , 000 6^.200 A ll manufacturing in d u stries -C ontinued A pparel, e t c . ............................................ Wages and h o u r s .......................................... Union organ iza tion , wages,and h o u rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not r e p o r t e d ............................................ .... 210 106 5 62 22 6 9 5b , 000 b5.100 3bo 3,b70 b,530 280 300 35b , 000 235,000 8,250 80,200 2b , 900 2 ,2b0 3.7bo A ll manufacturing in d u stries ....................... 2/ 2 , 5^8 Wages and hours .......................................... 1,28b Union organ iza tion , wages, and hours . . . 127 Union organ ization ........................................ 353 Other working con dition s ........................... 702 Interunion or intraunion matters ........... 62 Not reported .................................................... 27 1 , 370,000 763,000 1+0 ,1+00 1+6,900 1+95.000 2b , 900 2,610 17, 500,000 11, 300,000 1 , 720,000 1 ,250,000 2 , 990,000 152,000 32,600 Leather and lea th er products ................... Wages and h o u r s ............ ........................ Union organ ization , wages,and h ou rs.. Union o r g a n iz a t io n ................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Not reported . . . . ...................................... 78 b9 3 10 lb 2 22.600 19,100 180 200 2,920 270 221,000 19b . 000 3.380 b .ib o 18,000 810 Primary metal in d u stries ........................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ iza tion , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................................................ 30s 156 3 13 125 9 2 2ll+,000 l l l +,000 6U0 2 , 51+0 89,800 6,860 700 1 , 630,000 i,o b o ,o o o 23,700 27,700 509,000 3b , 500 570 Food and kindred products ......................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and h ou rs.. Union o r g a n iz a t io n .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................................................ 197 102 12 28 53 1 1 77,500 b o , 700 i,ib o 5,290 30,200 60 bo 819,000 52b , 000 3b , 300 67,800 193,000 200 bo ................... Fabricated metal products Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ iza tion , wages, and h ou rs.. Union o r g a n iz a t io n ................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not r e p o r t e d ................................................ 2U2 129 12 35 62 2 2 81+.200 51,200 1,100 5,21+0 25,800 66 0 200 1 , 300,000 8b l ,000 b9,500 309,000 90,300 5,100 1.970 Tobacco manufactures ................................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Not r e p o r t e d ................................................ 5 2 1 1 1 1,610 1,070 b io bo 100 l b , 100 11,boo 2 ,b6o 110 lb o Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ........................... Wages and hours ................................... Other working con dition s ....................... 6 3 3 2,020 36O 1,660 15,500 6 ,b6o 2.990 E le c tr ic a l machinery, equipment, and supplies .................................................. Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................................................ Paper and a l li e d products ......................... 'Wages and h o u r s ..................... .................... Union organ iza tion , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion masters . . . . Not reported ................................................ 5b 27 b 5 16 1 1 20,600 13,800 990 3bo 5.380 bo bo b9b ,o o o 3b7 ,ooo 118,000 b ,070 23,boo 2,160 230 136 69 7 13 39 7 1 101+, 000 51,600 2 ,1+00 1,630 1+2,800 5,620 30 l.o b o .o o o b ob ,000 63,300 28,700 b8Q,000 5b,800 l.b io P rin tin g , p u b lish in g , and a l li e d in du stries ...................................................... Wages and h o u r s .......................................... Union organ iza tion , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... 27 8 5 11 3 1,150 b90 130 b30 50 29,500 6,580 9,b80 12,600 870 Machinery (except e l e c t r i c a l ) ................. Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not r e p o r t e d .......................................... 268 150 18 29 65 3 3 158,000 10b ,000 l b , 100 5,820 33,500 lbo 190 3 , 370,000 2 , 160,000 767,000 222,000 218,000 1,590 bbo Chemicals and a l li e d products ................. Wages and hours .......................................... Union org an iza tion , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................................................ 67 29 3 10 22 2 1 20,000 7,110 3,110 880 8,650 260 10 201,000 118,000 22,^00 16, 3.00 b2,700 2,110 50 Transportation ecuipment ........................... Wages and hours ............................. ............ Union organ ization , wages, and h o u rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................................................ 19U 81 6 16 80 9 2 230,000 82,600 5,830 8,890 127,000 5,020 580 2 ,600,000 1 , 500,000 3bi+,000 182,000 55b , 000 lb ,b o o 2,100 Products o f petroleum and c o a l ............... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ iza tion , wages, and h ou rs.. Uni on organ ization ............................. .. Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . 19 8 2 2 6 1 5 , 2bo 2,050 380 90 2,660 60 55.500 7,350 2,100 2,630 b2,900 500 Rubber products .............................................. Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . 186 71 137,000 55,000 2 ,9bo 2,110 7b , 000 3,200 700,000 290,000 81,800 b6 ,io o 277.000 5,080 Instruments, e t c . 5/ .................................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and hou rs.. Vision o r g a n iz a t io n .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . 26 13 2 6 10,200 3,370 2 ,b90 180 b ,070 80 127,000 65,boo 3b , 300 3,520 23,100 320 25 11 7 12,700 5,720 920 1,850 3,300 930 195,000 57,boo 37, boo 57,600 27,800 l b , 500 A ll nonmanufacturing in d u stries ............... 2 / 2,189 Wages and hours ........ ..................................... 823 Union organ ization , wages, and hours . . 79 Union o r g a n iz a t io n ...................................... 333 Other working con dition s ........................... 6b3 Interunion or intraunion matters ........... 26b Not reported .................................................... 52 sbb.ooo b i 5 ,ooo 12,600 35.700 265,000 107,000 8.330 5 ,b70,ooo 3 , 010,000 123,000 373.000 1 , 200,000 7b3,ooo 30,600 Lumber and wood products (except fu rn itu re) ...................................................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages.and h o u r s .. Union organization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . 118 65 8 22 22 1 22,800 l b , 900 960 2,660 b .ib o lb o 251,000 136,000 27,500 57.700 30,300 280 Furniture and f i x t u r e s ............................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . 99 56 10 11+ 15 u 22,700 13,300 1,510 1,230 6,360 boo 309,000 187.000 33,800 l b , 500 65,700 8 ,b90 Stone, c la y , and glass products ............. Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, end h ou rs.. Union o r g a n iz a t io n ................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Intenm ion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................................................ 132 55 8 26 38 1+ 1 19,000 9,210 b80 1.930 6,530 830 bo 231,000 106,000 2b , 300 2b , 100 72,000 b .b io 250 T e x tile m ill products ................................. Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and h ou rs.. Union organization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . Not reported ................. ............................... 121 61+ 8 17 30 1 1 153,000 128,000 680 I , 7b0 22, boo 38O 130 3 ,b9o ,o o o 3,080,000 31,900 8b,boo 276,000 830 20, boo See footnotes at end of table. M iscellaneous manufacturing industries ...................................................... Wages and hours .......................................... Union organ ization , wages, and hou rs.. Union organ ization .................................... Other working con dition s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters . . . . 3 8 71 3 b 1 92 bi 8 TABLE B.— Work stoppages in 1951 • "by industry group and major issues - Continued Industry group and major issues ManStoppages begin-* days idle ning in 1951 during Workers (a ll Humber involved 1 1951 stoppages) Industry group and major issues j A ll nonmanufacturing industries - Continued Agriculture, forestry, and f i s h i n g ........ Wages and hours ........................................ Union organization, wages, and hours.. Union organization .................................. Interunion or intraunion matters ........ M ining............................................................. Wage* nnd honra ................... ................... Union organization, wages, and hours.. Union organization .................................. Other working conditions ................. ..... T n t e m it )!o r I n tm n n lm a tte r s . T. . , Hot reported .............................................. Construction .................................................. Wages and hears ........................................ Union organization, wages, and hours.. Uhion organization .................................. Other working c o n d itio n s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters ........ Hot reported .............................................. Trade .............................................................. Wages and hours ........................................ Union organisation, wages, and hours.. Union organization .................................. Other working c o n d itio n s ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters ........ Hot rep orted ........*.................................... 17.200 21 6,280 9 2 5,000 7 2,410 622 97 4 284,000 2 1 3,530 io 66,900 330 A ll nonmanufacturing industries - Continued finance, insurance, and real estate . . . . Wages and h o u r s ........................................ 19,000 Union organization, wages, and hours.. 55.700 Union organization .................................. Other working conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,000 Interunion or intraunion matters ........ 120 348,000 154,000 1 , 290,000 366,000 15,600 60 403 26 32 15.200 178,000 16,800 6,590 651 274 1 , 190,000 59^,000 3.950 62,300 9 232,000 105,000 700 9.290 52,100 63,400 1.310 277 122 29 85 27 7 7 40,000 33.700 620 2,670 2,210 560 220 289,000 7 64 99 198 93.800 721,000 72,500 21,800 204,000 317.000 7.990 159.000 12,500 68,800 45,100 2,610 63O Transportation, communication, and other public u t i lit ie s ................. . Wages and h o u r s ........................................ Union organisation, wages, and hours.. Union organisation ....................... ; . . . . . Other working condition* . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interunion or intraunion matters ........ Hot reported ............................................. ManStoppages begin days id le ning in 1951 during Workers 1951 (a ll Humber involved 1/ stoppages) 21 11 2 5 14,300 11,900 20 50 208,000 197.000 180 950 2 1 2,250 9,600 230 387 231,000 173,000 1 , 790,000 1 , 300,000 36,100 30,700 88,100 206 16 51 86 50 4.370 3,250 25,400 24 4 25,000 210 Services—personal,business, and other.. Wages and hours ........................................ Union organization, wages, and hours.. Uhion organization.................................. Other working conditions ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters ........ 179 80 18 57 18 6 21,300 15,200 730 218,000 35.800 58,800 6,980 9.740 Government—administration, protection, and sanitation ............................................ Wages and hours ........................................ Union organization, wages, and hours.. Uhion organization .................................. Other working conditions ....................... Interunion or intraunion matters ........ 36 24 1 4 6 1 4.900 3.530 20,900 400 2,400 3.600 1.530 2.550 1.270 60 270 630 337.000 210 329,000 28,800 360 1.500 1/ Che figure on number o f workers includes some duplicate counting where the same workers were involved- in more than one stoppage in a year. 2 / This figure i s less than the sum o f the figures below because a few stoppages, each affectin g more than one industry group, have bean counted aa separate stoppages in each industry group affected. Yorkers involved and man-days id le were allocated to the respective groups. V Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. 5/ Includes other finished products made from fabrios and similar materials. 5 / Includes professional, s c ie n t ific , and controlling instruments; photographic and op tical goods; watches and clocks. TABLE C. —Work stoppages in 1951 in States which had 25 or more stoppages during the year, by industry group S ta te and in d u s t r y group Humber ALABAMA Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... f a b r i c a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce , m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................ .................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts .......................................... A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r B M S te ria ls................................................................. f o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. P ro d u cts o f petroleu m and c o a l ..................... Rubber p r o d u c ts ........................................................ M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r ie s . . A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ M inin g ............................................................................. C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r ........................................................................... Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n i t a t i o n ..................................................... AHKAHSAS E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and s u p p l i e s ................................................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................................... fu r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s ........................................ See footnotes at end of table. Mandays i d i e d u rin g Y ork ers , 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d 1 / s to p p a g e s ) S topp ages b e g in n in g in 1951 2 / 163 1 09 ,00 0 1 ,2 7 0 ,0 0 0 28 44.700 304,000 2 830 310 3 4.310 3 200 190 3 2 6 6 7.670 2,690 346,000 1 ,8 6 0 530 4,090 5.710 1 1 ,0 0 0 2 9 1 ,0 0 0 S ta te and in d u s tr y group Humber AHKAHSAS - C ontinued f o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ............................... P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................ Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ..................... C o n s tr u c tio n ............................................................ Trade ............................................................................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................. Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ................................................... CALIFORNIA 2 6 1 4 2 1 50 19 11 1 750 220 880 2.340 160 20 33,600 15,400 5,^30 7.680 1 5,^ 00 5.360 1 .9 0 0 -160,000 16,400 3 .3 9 0 560 2 5 ,1 0 0 10 240 41,600 14 4,520 2 60 7.220 2 470 2,010 25 6,040 5 2 ,2 0 0 1 550 550 2 2 450 7.590 1,010 240 Mandays i d l e d u rin g W orkers 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d l/ s to p p a g e s ) Stoppages b e g in n in g in 1951 P rim ary m etal i n d u s t r i e s ............ ............... .. f a b r i c a t e d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) .......................... E l e c t r i o a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................. M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ..................... T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipment ................................. Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................................ fu r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s ..................................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s . . . . . . . . A p p a rel and o t h e r fi n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls ............................................................... L ea th er and l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ....................... f o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts .............................. P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................ Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ..................... Rubber p r o d u c ts ...................................................... P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic & o p t i o a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s . . 1 110 6.330 1 1 12 1 20 890 3 .2 6 0 10 910 2 2 ,2 0 0 1 0 .6 0 0 3 500 2.550 370 1 10 50 2/ 217 9 8 .5 0 0 1 ,2 1 0 ,0 0 0 11 1,820 13.900 7 2,690 1 6 ,6 0 0 6 6 14 2.540 2.060 14,800 2 6 ,5 0 0 3 76 ,00 0 5 1 860 50 640 3 0 ,2 0 0 150 1 1 ,9 0 0 10 34,400 18 920 9 .6 0 0 4 8 80 2.570 680 59.000 1 1 1 20 40 20 500 2 .6 0 0 500 1 230 290 - 2U - TABLE C.— Work stoppages In 1951 in States which had S ta te and in d u s t r y group 25 or more stoppages daring the year, hy industry group - Continued Manda ys i d l e d u rin g W orkers 1951 ( « H in v o lv e d 1 / s to p p a g e s ) S topp ag es b e g in n in g in 1951 Number CALIFORNIA - C ontinued M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ M ining ............................................................................. C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v i c e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s ,a n d o t h e r . . COLORADO P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .............. ......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ........................ P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n t r o l l i n g in stru m en ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atch es and c l o c k s .......... C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m u n ica tion , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . CONNECTICUT P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t o rd n a n ce , m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equip m ent) ............................ E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent and s u p p lie s .................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent ................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls ................................................................. Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s . . . ' .......................... P r i n t i n g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d 4VlAlia4*.W *4Afl r i - i( ill C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ........................ Rubber p r o d u c ts ........................................................ P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and co n t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atch es and c l o c k s .......... M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . . . . . T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . FLORIDA F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t o rd n a n ce , m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................................... S ton a , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... A p p a rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls . . . . Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................. C h em icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ........................ P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and co n t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atch es and c l o c k s .......... A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ M ining ............................................................................. C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... T rade ............................................................................... F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ................................................. S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— admlni s t r a t i o n , u r o t a c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ...................................................... See footnotes at end of table, S ta te and in d u s t r y group Number GEORGIA U U60 7 7.760 1 UUO 1 5 ,0 0 0 l , g 70 U9O 8 8 ,7 00 2 5 ,3 0 0 7 ,0 0 0 1U Ul.UOO 1 ,2 7 0 2 2 2 ,0 0 0 2 3 .5 0 0 25 U .jo o 71.500 37 23 3 35 2 2 ,2 0 0 2U1.000 3.130 2 1 1 580 720 100 8 ,5 8 0 UU.900 190 1 5U0 1 110 GUO 30 1 2 u 60 1.U00 150 u 1 U50 60 8U 2 5 ,2 0 0 7 3 . 5UO 7 U 3 .5 1 0 5 5 2 2 13 2 ,0 0 0 350 2,260 70 7.950 5 6 1 1 .U20 7U0 110 2 1 1 110 go uoo 1 2 g k 1 220 60 1,210 350 350 9 5 U20 50 U.790 50 2.7U0 2 ,3 0 0 7U0 M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ; ............................................................ St OBA ( »nf1 £ la a a prnrinrt a T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................. P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ................................. P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . M ining ............................................................................ C o n s tr u c tio n ............................................................... T r a d e .............................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Gov ernment — adm ini st ra t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ..................................................... ILLINOIS P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and 5.700 t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent .............................. 1 ,0 2 0 Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ................................... UOO, 000 E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... 31.300 M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t 6 3.6 00 fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ 2 8 ,5 0 0 S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... 5.6UO T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... 32 , UOO A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls . . . . 300 1 29,000 L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts .......................... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................. P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................. 6,820 P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... 10,100 UUo Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ........................ P ro d u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ..................... 610 Rubber p r o d u c ts ........................................................ 320 P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and con t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic end 60,200 o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s .......... M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . 320 M ining ............................................................................. l.U o o C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... 13.3 00 Trade ............................................................................... 1 ,1 3 0 F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... 7 ,0 0 0 T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... 5 .7 2 0 S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . 1.620 Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ...................................................... 1 56 ,00 0 kk 11,000 ‘1 1 30 1 .3 3 0 290 6 ,6 6 0 3 280 1 260 3.1 9 0 520 INDIANA 2 2 3 30 6,980 U50 1 .3 3 0 5 .3 6 0 220 1 1 10 2,000 1 U50 3 1,620 90 1 UO 260 u g.000 1U.900 5 0 ,2 0 0 1 ,6 7 0 760 9 2 3 .U80 11,000 250 950 U30 U,050 ll 2 P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s .................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ....................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls ................................................................. L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts .......................... Food and k in d red p r o d u c ts ................................. T ob a cco m a nufa ctures ............................................ P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................. C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ........................ P ro d u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ..................... Mandays i d l e d u rin g W orkers 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d l / sto p p a g e s ) Stoppages b e g in n in g in 1951 U5 10,800 179.000 1 1 30 1.730 3.190 3 .U50 2 8 1 1 1 1 1 10 2 1 10 3 380 1 ,7 6 0 XCtCi 70 3.310 108,000 130 280 130 UO 150 750 3U0 2 9 ,5 0 0 70 130 2,810 a /) 1 3 .5 0 0 60 a /) 1 .6 7 0 n o 1 5 ,1 0 0 3 .1 3 0 UO 1 20 20 283 1U8.000 2 ,0 9 0 ,0 0 0 2k 1 1 ,6 0 0 1 6 3 ,0 0 0 23 1 7 .6 0 0 60 1 2 2 ,0 0 0 6U0 6 ,6 3 0 U 6.000 U.860 U3.300 1 ,1 9 0 ,0 0 0 5 0 ,7 0 0 3 390 1 ,0 5 0 U 1 ,2 2 0 U30 - 1 15 U6 8 3 - 5 5 15 U 1 11 1 650 U .300 1 .5 6 0 1 .8 3 0 20 3 .8 9 0 7.300 y 950 3 .9 5 0 6 ,5 5 0 1 21 ,00 0 6,810 U8.300 20 1 60 810 U6.800 500 1 ,6 2 0 3 U.U50 55 . UOO k 220 3.510 15,800 6 ,ih o 2 ,8 9 0 1 2 ,6 0 0 6 6 ,6 0 0 19 U8 5 1 1 .0 3 0 16,200 20,000 22 6 1U.000 100,000 370 5 . Uoo 5 230 680 20b 1 0 5 ,0 0 0 7 6 3 .0 0 0 29 2 6 , uoo 9 8 , Uoo 15 3.650 3 3 ,Uoo 7 9 .1 5 0 16 ll 12,200 7.980 3 9 .7 0 0 1 3 1 ,0 0 0 2 6 10 2 100 870 11,000 1 ,8 7 0 l.lU O 1 7 .7 0 0 2 9 ,9 0 0 1.550 550 2.620 9 .6 5 0 U , 96o 1 3 ,6 0 0 1.5UO 2 , 0U0 5 . Uoo 3 1 .6 0 0 2 2 11 1 2 1 2 520 280 1,080 680 89.700 930 - 25 - TABLE C*-Work stoppages in 1951 ia States which had 25 or more stoppages during the year, by industry group - Continued S ta te and in d u s t r y group Mandays i d l e d u rin g Workers 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d if s to p p a g e s ) S topp ages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number INDIANA - C ontin u ed Bubber p r o d u c t s ........................................................ P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n t r o l l i n g In stru m en ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s .......... M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g I n d u s t r ie s . . M ining ............................................................................. C o n s t r u c t io n .............................................................. T rade ............................................................................... T in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ..................................................... IOVA P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... E l e c t r i c a l m achin ery, equipment and s u p p lie s ................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x ce p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls . . . . Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ................................. Rubber p r o d u c t s ....................................................... C o n s t r u c t i o n ................................................. ............. T rede ............................................................................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................. S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government — admini st ra t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and semi t a t i o n ...................................................... KENTUCKY Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m ach in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ E l e c t r i c a l m a chin ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x ce p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ....................................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... Apparel and other finished products made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls . . . . Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. P r i n t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ..................................... ......................... C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ........................ M ining ............................................................................. C o n s tr u c tio n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v i c e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n . ■ ^ r_ ....... LOUISIANA F a b r ic a te d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................................... o i o n t i c i a y t an cl £ i a s 6 prou u cx s ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts .......................................... P ro d u cts pf p etroleu m and c o a l ..................... r ............ M is c e lla n e o u s m anu fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . M ining ......................................................... C o n s tru ctio n ............................................... Trade ........................................................... F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... See footnotes at end of table. S ta te and in d u s tr y group ManS toppages b e g in days i d l e n in g in 1951 d u rin g Workers 1951 ( a l l Number in v o lv e d if sto p p a g e s ) LOUISIANA - C ontinued 10 1 0 ,5 0 0 35.900 1 270 600 6 ,6 0 0 8 ,2 0 0 360 2U0 1 1,7 00 1 2 ,7 0 0 3 17 26 6 1 15 6 U7 7.360 280 -■ 1 5 .7 0 0 38.700 70,700 3.380 U.800 5U.U00 7.730 U/ 2,U lO 108,000 1 50 6.3UO l 160 1 .1 3 0 3 U.350 33.100 1 50 950 1 2 30 70 l.U io 550 1 16 1 50 7,110 180 5 0 ,5 0 0 520 3 • U 2 ,3 2 0 U30 3 70 2 ,5 2 0 210 6 2 U30 250 U.220 1 .0 3 0 1,820 2,970 180 3U0 165 9 7 .2 0 0 32U.OOO 3 770 1 3.6 00 5 750 3 ,h 2 0 2 6 1 830 2 ,6 2 0 380 1,U00 U.760 1 ,9 0 0 190 520 U70 U70 2U.600 1 2 ,2 0 0 260 160 1.U90 320 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 20 76 2 2,3 00 Ul 65.700 80 9 U60 1 50 6 930 3 520 1 210 UO 13.300 1 3 3.690 2 150 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 11 2 1 300 850 2 JU0 UO 60 30 90 200 2,780 2U0 20 110 160 8 7.1 0 0 1U2.000 6 ,2 2 0 1 ,0 0 0 T r a n s p o r ta tio n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— adm ini st r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ..................................................... MARYLAND Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b rica te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ T r a n s p o r ta tio n equipment ................................... S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts .......................................... F ood and k in d re d p r o d u c ts ................................. P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... M is c e lla n e o u s m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . M ining ............................................................................ C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... Trade .............................................................................. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................. S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . MASSACHUSETTS Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b rica te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t ra nspo rt a t i on equ ipm ent) ............................ E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... M achinery (e x ce p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ....................... T ra n sp o r ta tio n equipment ................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts .......................................... A p parel and o th e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls . . . . L eath er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts .......................... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................. P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s . . ' ............................ P r i n t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ............................................................... Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ..................... .. Rubber p r o d u c ts ........................................................ M isc e lla n e o u s m a nufa cturing in d u s t r ie s . . A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ C o n s tru ctio n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s .............. .................... S e r v i c e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . MICHIGAN Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ 1 1 ,5 0 0 E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... 1 1 ,2 0 0 M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ....................... U30 T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................................... 3U1.000 F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... 910 A p parel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls . . . . 157,000 L eath er and le a t h a r p r o d u c ts .......................... 3 , 8UO Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. 2U .700 P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .................... .. 118,000 P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... 2.530 2 , 1*1*0 C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ....................... 330 P ro d u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ................ 1,580 Rubber p r o d u c ts .......................................... 2 ,6 0 0 P r o f e s s io n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and co n t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and 8,180 o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atch es and c l o c k s ....... 1*90 U60 M is c e lla n e o u s m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . 1,180 5.900 3 60 2 ,0 1 0 1 900 9.990 39 1 2 ,2 0 0 1 7 9 .0 0 0 2 740 1.750 U 1 2 ,0 3 0 UJOO 300 uo 350 1 9 ,8 0 0 1 20 ,00 0 7 3 1 2 1 1 1 820 UO 2.2U 0 U20 U 50 290 uo 2 ,3 5 0 260 UO 1 5 .3 0 0 U.500 10 2 610 U20 U.6U0 1 ,8 6 0 151 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 1* 880 2 0 ,3 0 0 2 820 228,000 7 2 10 2 6 3 12 16 20 3 7 1 2 2 1 1 22 5 2 7.830 110 U60 3.520 53.100 320 760 2U0 2 8 ,5 0 0 2 .6 3 0 2 .5 1 0 2.9U0 1 ,1 2 0 1,820 80 1.U70 2 ,0 7 0 870 30 U.780 5.580 1 .7 3 0 516,000 20.U00 1 5,1 0 0 1 8,3 00 1 5 .2 0 0 U.820 1 2 ,2 0 0 7,750 u ,320 200 37,600 70 600 U60 8.570 23 6.350 53.600 5 270 7 ,2 0 0 2 1 315 2 15 ,00 0 1 ,6 0 0 .0 0 0 23 lU.OOO 183 ,00 0 UU 1 1 ,2 0 0 3 8 ,9 0 0 8 3.180 9.870 28 1 1 ,3 0 0 1 1 0 ,00 0 1 9 5 .0 0 0 5 78 ,00 0 62 6 6 860 U90 9,820 5 1 1.850 180 2 0 .U00 180 2 1 9 U 3 1U0 310 5.820 760 110 880 2 U0 3 .3 7 0 1 .3 5 0 3 ,9 0 0 101,000 1 .3 7 0 3 .2 9 0 1 U6 35 .UOO 8 .U00 770 62,600 2 2 60 870 15 >600 5 1.350 - TABLE C.— Work - stoppages in 1951 in States which had 25 or more stoppages during the year, hy industry group - Continued S ta te and in d u s t r y group Mandays i d l e d u rin g Workers 1951 ( a l l In v o lv e d l / sto p p a g e s ) S topp ages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number M ining ............................................................................... C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. Trade ................................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , co m n u n ica tio n , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . MINNESOTA P rim ary a e t a l in d u s t r ie s .......................... F a b r ic a t e d a e t a l p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) .............................. Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ..................................... E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ...................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... A p p erel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............................ Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ................................................................. Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s ............ M ining ............................................................................... C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. T rade ................................................................................. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v i c e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . MISSISSIPPI Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ................................................................. T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................................ A p p a rel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................... Rubber p r o d u c ts .......................................................... A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g .............. C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m u n ica tion , and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... MISSOURI P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and tra n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ................................ E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and s u p p l i e s ................................................................... .. M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipment ...................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s .......................................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ...................... A p p a rel and o t h e r fi n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............................ Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ................................................................. Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... P rod u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ........................ M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . . M ining ............................................................................... C o n s tr u c tio n ................................................................. Trade ................................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unica tion, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n . and s a n it a t io n ........................................................ FEW JERSEY P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... See footnotes at end of table. S ta te and in d u s t r y group Mandays i d l e d u rin g Workers 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d l/ s to p p a g e s ) S toppages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number FEW JERSEY - C ontinued MICHIGAN - C ontin u ed 26 3 U,130 21 11 2 3,880 15 7.790 6 290 53 2 0 ,3 0 0 k' 5 1 2 10 _ 1 5 U90 U70 190 350 90 760 1.6U0 130 U .570 1 1,800 1 2 10 120 1 2 6 10 1 ,8 6 0 3 550 90 5 2 ,2 7 0 U 5,830 35 1 7 ,8 0 0 2 0 ,9 0 0 F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and 1U.500 t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ U.070 9.890 E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... 3 00 ,00 0 M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ 1 0 ,1 0 0 T r a n s p o r ta tio n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... 2 1 b ,000 F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ....................................... 2 ,0 1 0 S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... A p p a rel and o t h e r fi n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls . . . . 7.660 2 ,7 0 0 L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts .......................... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................. 1 6 ,0 0 0 P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ................................. 28,800 P r i n t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... u / 1 1 ,5 0 0 C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ....................... 2.750 P ro d u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ..................... 2 6 , b oo Rubber p r o d u c ts ........................................................ 2 b ,000 P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and con t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s .......... 360 M is c e lla n e o u s m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . 2 ,6 7 0 A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ C o n s tr u c tio n ............................................................... 170 Trade ............................................................................... 5 .3 3 0 F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s t a t e ......... 3 . 0UO T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unicatibn, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... 7U0 S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . 2 0 ,2 0 0 Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ..................................................... 59.700 2 1 b ,000 2 1 blO 710 3 .8 b o 1 0 ,1 0 0 1 1 1 21 110 2 ,5 2 0 2 ,9 2 0 U.000 6 .8 7 0 310 ib 6 ,o o o b ,800 b .0 0 0 b 3 ,2 0 0 3 300 2 ,0 5 0 113 U i,3 0 0 3 1 b ,000 6 930 2 9 .7 0 0 6 1 ,7 1 0 12,800 2 3 3 3 .1 7 0 H90 3 ,6 0 0 6 ,2 3 0 3 .2 7 0 32,800 1 1 6 20 160 650 160 1 . 9b 0 b ,5 6 o 5 3 690 1 7 .b oo 8 3.230 8,020 9 1 1,5 00 1 80 8 7 ,b oo 250 1 20 160 2 1 190 20 10 1 80 50 7.750 U70 330 16 5.710 3 1 170 b90 2 , b io 1 .5 1 0 930 6 1 ,1 0 0 3.760 6 ,5 0 0 2 7 ,3 0 0 7 290 3.890 2 70 1 .3 6 0 200 2 87.600 1 . 7U0 1 ,1 9 0 ,0 0 0 l b , 800 FEW MEXICO P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ....................... M ining ............................................................................ C o n s tru ctio n .............................................................. T r a d e .......................................................................... .... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... FEW YORK Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls . . . . L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts .......................... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ................................. P r i n t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ....................... P ro d u cts o f petroleu m and c o a l ..................... Rubber p r o d u c ts .............................. .. P r o f e s s io n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and con t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s .......... M isc e lla n e o u s m anu fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ M ining ............................................................................ C o n s tr u c tio n ............................................................... T r a d e .............................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................. S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . 9 3.^30 5.630 3 3 .0 0 0 15 2 ,6 b o 50,900 19.300 12 17.300 2 6 2 ,0 0 0 2 290 520 300 2,770 11 l b , 800 365.000 9 9 . 5bO 2 ,3 6 0 2 5 ,5 0 0 1 1 6 ,0 0 0 10 7 3 b b ,750 300 7 3.580 b 1 ,2 1 0 6 ,8 5 0 1 .3 2 0 7b0 6 ,2 0 0 1 0 ,2 0 0 b 3 ,o o o 5 .1 0 0 8 0 ,5 0 0 1 ,0 9 0 l,8 b 0 100 1 ,8 7 0 3 . 5b o 1 ,1 2 0 b .3 6 0 l b , 300 200 3 8 .0 0 0 1 1 ,0 0 0 1 8 ,b oo 32 13 1 0 ,3 0 0 b 3 ,b o o 930 7,950 1 200 200 2 / 26 9.930 9 1 .7 0 0 1 1 1 ,0 7 0 380 b b .^ o o 380 2 1 2 b 12 2 180 2 .6 3 0 160 230 2 5 ,3 0 0 1 7 .7 0 0 1 lb o 7 3 3.150 6 1 13 1 12 12 3 20 50 b ,0 5 0 3.970 70 280 2 lb o 7bo 2 / 570 1 96 ,00 0 2 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0 11 8 ,6 6 0 b b ,200 2b 5.760 1 3 6 ,00 0 36 31 19 2 1 ,7 0 0 1 0 ,3 0 0 1 3 ,0 0 0 b 6 2 ,o o o 3 b b ,o o o 2 1 1 ,0 0 0 10 32 780 5.580 3.270 33.200 12 26 610 l b , 900 333.000 78 10 23 2 5 .3 0 0 7.570 b ,2 5 0 1 0 1 .0 0 0 b b ,3 0 0 9 ,2 0 0 600 80,100 170 1.760 2 ,8 3 0 2 7 ,3 0 0 2 2 130 580 3.350 9 33 3 3 3 ,b b o 3 .b 90 230 630 b ,2 5 0 1 3 ,b o o 9 6 9 32 b9 lb b2 bo 580 2 ,5 0 0 b 6,200 5 1 .6 0 0 3 . b 70 2 ,2 2 0 28,800 78,300 6,800 8 0 ,3 0 0 2 9 ,boo 7 .0 5 0 2 9 b ,000 107,000 - 27 - TABUS C. Work stoppages in 1951- in States which had 25 or more stoppages during the year, by industry group - Continued S topp ages b e g in S t a te and in d u s tr y group n in g in 1951 Number W orkers in v o lv e d 1/ Mandays i d l e d u rin g 1951 ( a l l sto p p a g e s ) NEW YORK - C ontinued 6 38 1 ,0 3 0 2U.300 2.U 30 508,000 F a b r ic a te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m achin ery, and x 20 E l e c t r i c a l m achin ery, equipm ent, and 1 1 M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s .......................................... S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts ............................................ Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................... C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... Trade ................................................................................. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... OHIO P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b r ic a te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x ce p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................... Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ..................................... E l e c t r i c a l m achin ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ..................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent ..................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s .......................................... S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts ............................................ L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts ............................ Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t ■ ................................ T P aper and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................... Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts .......................... P rod u cts o f petroleu m and c o a l ........................ Rubber p r o d u c t s .......................................................... P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and con t r o l l i n g in stru m en ts; p h o to g r a p h ic end o p t i c a l g o o d s; w atches and c l o c k s ............ M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . . A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g .............. M ining ............................................................................... C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. Trade ................................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . .Government— adm ini st r a t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ........................................................ OKLAHOMA Machinery ( ex cep t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ..................... A pparel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................... Rubber p r o d u c ts .......................................................... C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. Trade ................................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... OREGON P rim ary m eta l in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e * ........................................T S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... See footnotes at end of table. Mandays i d l e d u rin g Workers 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d 1/r s to p p a g e s ) Stoppages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number OREGON - Continued Government — adm ini s t r a t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ........................................................ NORTH CAROLINA S ta te and in d u s t r y group 2 _ 1 6 1 1 3 30 380 no . 190 1.8U0 u/ 50 18,000 50 50 360 1,180 U50 2 ,7 6 0 1 ,0 2 0 30 300 60 2 ,1 7 0 20 8 3.080 2 0 ,1 0 0 U02 197,000 1 ,6 9 0 ,0 0 0 130 65 3 8,2 00 2 2 2 ,0 0 0 32 3 1 1,3 00 1 .6 6 0 187 .00 0 8,990 15 35 15 1U.100 1 2,3 00 1 5.9 00 5 3 18 2 500 1 ,1 1 0 2 ,2 3 0 1 ,9 8 0 250 2 ,0 0 0 1 ,9 2 0 2U,900 1U.U00 3 180 3,830 1 l* 120 UU.800 120 2 6 3 ,0 0 0 9 1U7.000 3U7.000 118,000 2,950 7.630 6 0 ,1 0 0 2 ,0 3 0 710 U 300 1 ,2 7 0 7 2,310 9 . 7UO 1 UO 20 1 0 ,3 0 0 U.990 1U0 18 26 29.500 2 5.070 130 U3.U00 2 9 ,3 0 0 U.120 UO 10 2U.500 610 151 ,00 0 1 3 ,6 0 0 1 30 70 28 3.190 38,100 U60 210 2 ,7 2 0 3 1 3.900 1 70 9.830 3 160 1 ,1 6 0 660 50 10 2 ,0 1 0 U.630 1 10 1 7.890 180 6U0 6 U30 6 ,2 7 0 67 1 5.5 00 2U8.000 1 580 3 2 30 UO 3 .U60 1,180 1 .0 3 0 2U 3 .6 6 0 72,800 x 1,110 10 3 2 ,0 0 0 1 PENNSYLVANIA 2 x 2 U90 20 UO 3 .2 0 0 1 1 6 150 1 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,0 0 0 730 33.300 7 580 UO 1 ll 6.970 550 150 % q«n JtJOU 720 3 6 ,8 5 0 220 U8.300 2 5 .0 0 0 2 / 630 2 7 5 ,0 0 0 1 ,9 1 0 ,0 0 0 68 3 8 .5 0 0 186.000 Ul 1 1 1 ,0 0 0 210 7 6 ,8 0 0 3 .1 2 0 21 21 18 30.U00 18,9 00 1 2 ,3 0 0 1 90 .00 0 1 38 .00 0 1 12 ,00 0 2 11 2U 120 2,510 5.380 5U0 2U.600 3 1 ,1 0 0 2 1 9 ,0 0 0 9.730 U39.000 1 10 2 1 2 T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................................ L eath er and le a t h e r p r o d u c t■ ..........................T Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................... P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ................................................................. A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g .............. C o n s t r u c t i o n .............................. .................................. T r a d e .......................................................... r .................., F in a n ce, in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . 30 P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b rica te d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x ce p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) .............................. Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ................................... .. E l e c t r i c a l m achin ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... .. M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipment ..................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s .......................................... S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts ............................................ A p parel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls .......... L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts ............................ Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................... T oba cco m anufactures .............................................. P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts ................................... P r i n t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ................................................................. Chem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c ts .......................... P ro d u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ....................... Rubber p r o d u c t s ..................................... .................... P r o f e s s io n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and co n t r o l l i n g in stru m en ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s ; w atches and c l o c k s ............ M isc e lla n e o u s m anu fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . . M ining .............................................................................. C o n s tr u c tio n ................................................................. Trade ................................................................................ F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r ta tio n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . RHODE ISLAND F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) .............................. M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ......................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c ts ............................................ A p parel and o th e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls .......... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts ................................... Rubber p r o d u c ts .......................................................... C o n s t r u c t i o n ................................................................ F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . TENNESSEE Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) .............................. E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ..................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ......................... T ra n s p o r ta tio n equipment ..................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ................................................................. S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................................ A p p a rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c ts made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts ............................ 29 9 .6 1 0 U9 1 2 ,2 0 0 7 390 21 1 0 ,6 0 0 1 ,0 0 0 2.2U 0 3 10 1 8 8 ,2 0 0 3 .U50 11+9,000 1 2 ,5 0 0 58,700 9 10 2 ,6 2 0 U30 1 1 ,7 0 0 6 lU 1.990 6.U8O 3.370 23,900 1 50 1 ,6 2 0 9 38 3 580 72.U00 1 3 ,2 0 0 2.U 20 2.U 70 26U.000 1 09 ,00 0 U7.800 3 3 .2 0 0 U7 lU 1 6 ,5 0 0 620 1 15 ,00 0 25 2 2 ,3 0 0 76U.OOO 2 5 380 8 ,1 3 0 100 11.U00 5 0 3 ,0 0 0 200 2 39 ,00 0 1 2 2 U 2 70 550 800 280 80 2 1 120 U60 870 1 1 ,0 0 0 1U6 U7.800 2 5 1 ,0 0 0 2 1 ,8 6 0 8,320 119 uu 3 1 5.830 2,800 13.900 U60 9.880 1 ,0 0 0 3.570 1 ,2 3 0 U 710 1 2 ,7 0 0 1 6 3 50 3.630 2 U0 300 15.U00 8 U U 1 . 1U0 360 2,110 1 2 ,3 0 0 2 ,1 9 0 3 6 .1 0 0 1 1 260 160 2 ,3 0 0 1,850 2.790 Table C.— Work stoppages in S ta te and in d u s t r y group 1951 in States which had 25 or more stoppages during the year, by industry group - Continued Mandays i d l e d u rin g W orkers 1951 ( a l l in v o lv e d 1 / sto p p a g e s ) S topp ages b e g in n in g in 1951 Number TENNESSEE - C ontin u ed Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P ap er and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ................................... P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ................................................................. C h em icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... Rubber p r o d u c t s .......................................................... M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . . M ining ............................................................................... C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. T rade ................................................................................. F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ............ T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unica tion, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t a c t i o n . and s a n i t a t i o n ....................................................... TEXAS P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t ord n a n ce , m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... T r a n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent ..................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s .......................................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................................. A p p a rel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................... C h em ica ls and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... P r o d u c ts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ........................ A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g .............. C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. T rade ................................................................................. T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in is t r a t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ........................................................ VIRGINIA P rim ary m etal i n d u s t r ie s ...................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) .......................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment ..................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n i t u r e ) ................................................................. F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s .......................................... S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ..................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................................ A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls .......... L ea th er and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............................ Food and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ............................ .. P r i n t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ................................................................. C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... M is c e lla n e o u s m anu fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . . M inin g ............................................................................... C o n s t r u c t io n ................................................................. Ti*aAm ..................................... T r . r . T T I r l T r l - T - t T T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ................................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in istr a t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ........................................................ WASHINGTON P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ..................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u c ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) .............................. 1/ 2/ S ta te and in d u s tr y group ManStoppages b e g in days id le n in g in 1951 d u rin g W orkers 1951 ( * n Number in v o lv e d 1 / sto p p a g e s ) WASHINGTON - C ontinued 2 ,k 80 5 2 520 1 .3 0 0 _ U _ _ 6 ,0 2 0 2 20 200 2,560 kk 2 1 ,5 0 0 290 18,000 59.700 2,860 20 320 20 5 U.660 3*1.500 90 2 ,k 3 0 1 160 1,280 86 28,900 2 9 k ,000 7 kjio 25,300 2 2 3 100 970 1 .0 3 0 2 ,k 7 0 7 6 ,0 0 0 8 .7 3 0 1 2 1 180 1 1,3 00 150 3.820 20 - - 60 k / 2 0 ,5 0 0 8 1 1 0 ,3 0 0 U/ 550 k / 70 1 9 .3 0 0 U.730 M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T r a n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t f u r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ................................... .... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... F ood and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s . . A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , and f i s h i n g ............ M inin g ............................................................................. C o n s t r u c t io n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e .......... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s .............. .................................. S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . Government— a d m in ist r a t i o n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ...................................................... WIST VIRGINIA 2 9 1 1 1 27 5 30 1,580 20 160 1,000 6,510 2U0 3ko k k ,700 100 960 18,000 33.800 2,080 18 1 11,800 20 k k ,100 k so 3 U70 1 .6 9 0 139 k6 ,k 00 k n .o o o 1 1 kkO - 31,800 2 3 k 270 720 360 2 9.500 3 7U0 80 20 6 ,0 5 0 10 2,100 180 25.600 3.730 50 kO 2 ,3 9 0 2 ,8 9 0 7 7 ,9 0 0 1 3.5 00 2 , 0k0 100 1 3 ,2 0 0 1 .5 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 81 lk 2 16 3 330 k / 1 .2 5 0 2 .7 5 0 1.980 lk .k o o k ,650 2 3 5 ,0 0 0 220 880 580 2 110 210 2/ 71 kl.kOO 326,000 1 1,200 9.980 5 300 2,210 P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and s u p p lie s ................................................................... M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ....................... T r a n s p o r ta tio n equipm ent ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re and f i x t u r e s ........................................ S to n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c ts ................... A p p a rel and o t h e r f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s i m il a r m a te r ia ls . . . . F ood and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ................................. P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... C hem icals and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ........................ M ining ............................................................................. C o n s tr u c tio n ............................................................... T rade ............................................................................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................... S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r . . WISCONSIN P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ................................... F a b r ic a t e d m etal p r o d u o ts (e x c e p t ord n a n ce, m a ch in ery , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipm ent) ............................ E l e c t r i c a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and iruppl i ms ..................... ................... _______ . . . . . M achinery (e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ........................ T r a n s p o r ta tio n equipment ................................... Lumber and wood p r o d u c t s (e x c e p t fu r n it u r e ) ............................................................... F u rn itu re end f i x t u r e s ........................................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................................... A p pa rel and o t h e r f i n is h e d p r o d u c t s made from f a b r i c s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls . . . . L e a th e r and le a t h e r p r o d u c ts .......................... F ood and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ............................ .. P r i n t in g , p u b l is h i n g , and a l l i e d in d u s t r ie s ............................................................... Rubber p r o d u c ts .......................................... .. P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and con t r o l l i n g in stru m e n ts; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p t i c a l g o o d s; w atches and c l o c k s .......... M inin g ............................................................................ C o n s t r u c t i o n ............................................................... Trade ............................................................................... T r a n s p o r t a t io n , com m unication, and o t h e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s ................................................. S e r v ic e s — p e r s o n a l, b u s in e s s , and o t h e r .......................................................................... Government— a d m in is t r a t io n , p r o t e c t i o n , and s a n it a t io n ..................................................... 1 2 6 .5 0 0 60,100 70 2 3 .0 0 0 13 1 1 1 3 2 1 18 6 1 9.680 i , 8ko 360 1.070 70 1,010 k20 k6,800 5 i.k o o 6 ,k 9 0 610 12,600 2,710 720 i5 .k o o 3 . 3*«> 3 0 ,0 0 0 20 5.920 k20 ll k n .k o o 320 55.500 5 .k 50 1 ko 80 231 83.200 k 6 2 ,o o o 2 530 1 1 ,7 0 0 2 1 2,010 280 3 I ,k 5 0 1 5 .3 0 0 1 .6 5 0 6 ,1 0 0 1 k 80 560 820 8 ,k 5 0 1 3 .7 0 0 2 1 850 10 3 . 7UO 1 168 720 7 1 ,2 0 0 k / 330 \6 g 3.690 100 2,260 362,000 19.500 i , 8ko 13 7 680 2ko i3 .k o o 1 .5 0 0 87 k 3 ,o o o 7 0 k ,o o o 5 1,080 5 3 .2 0 0 8 5.120 2 7 3 .0 0 0 1 10 2 7 .5 5 0 80,200 6,680 5 k ,100 5 5 3 500 k ,080 170 67 ,kOO 1 50 510 1 .1 9 0 2 2 8 ■$10 3 70 k 10,200 810 20 310 1 7 .5 0 0 io ,k o o lk o 2 ,2 9 0 28,700 3 ,k 80 7 5 .6 0 0 1 30 3 9 9 620 2,760 870 1 .0 9 0 7 .7 2 0 1 3 .9 0 0 k ,k 5 0 k 1,110 8 ,2 3 0 2 ko 1 .6 3 0 2 160 980 The f i g u r e on number o f w ork ers in c lu d e s son s d u p li c a t e c o u n tin g where th e sane w ork ers w ere in v o lv e d i n more than one etopp age i n th e y e a r . T h is f i g u r e i s l e s s than th e sun o f t h e f i g u r e s h elow b e ca u se a few sto p p a g e s , ea ch a f f e c t i n g w ore th a n one in d u s t r y g rou p , h a re b een co u n te d a s s e p a r a te stop p a g es in ea ch in d u s t r y group a f f e c t e d . W orkers i n r o l r e d and n a n -d ay s i d l e w ere a l l o c a t e d t o t h e r e s p e c t i v e g ro u p s. 3/ The s t r i k e in t h i s group was p a r t o f an i n t e r s t a t e s t r ik e and i n r o lr e d f e v e r than 6 w ork e r s. 5 / I d le n e s s in 1951 r e s u l t i n g f r o n stop p a g es w hich began in t h e p r e c e d in g y e a r . - 29 - Appendix B Methods of Collecting Strike S tatistics H / The Bureau* s sta tistics on work stoppages include a ll known strikes and lock-outs in the continental United States involving six or more workers and lasting the equivalent o f a fu ll sh ift or longer# Work stoppages are measured in terms o f the number o f stoppages, number o f workers involved, and number o f man-days o f idleness# Figures on 11workers involved“ and “man-days id le" cover a ll workers made id le for one sh ift or longer in establishments d irectly involved in a stoppage. They do not measure secondary idleness - that i s , the effects on other establishments or industries whose em ployees may be made idle as a result o f ma te ria l or service shortages# Lead information as to the probable existence o f work stoppages is collected from a number o f sources. Clippings on labor dis putes are obtained from a comprehensive coverage o f daily and weekly newspapers throughout the country. Information is re ceived d ire ctly from the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service as well as from agencies in a ll States such as State boards o f mediation and arbitration, research divi sions o f State labor department o ffic e s , State employment service o ffic e s , and unemployment compensation o ffic e s . Various employer as sociations, companies, and unions, which col le ct data fo r their own use, also furnish the Bureau with work-stoppage information. Upon receipt o f such notices of new work stoppages a questionnaire is mailed to each party to the dispute to secure such data as the number o f workers involved, duration, major issues, and method o f settlement. In some instances, fie ld agents o f the Bureau c o lle ct the information# 11/ More detailed information on methods o f calculation, sources, and cla ssifica tion is available in Bulletin No# 993, “Techniques o f Preparing Major BIS S ta tistica l Series•“ The Bureau defines a strike as a temporary stoppage o f work by a group o f employees to express a grievance or enforce a demand# A lock-out is a temporary withholding o f work from a group o f employees by an employer (or group o f employers) in order to force acceptance o f the employer*s terms. Because o f the complexities involved in most labormanagement disputes, the Bureau makes no e ffo rt to determine whether the stoppages are initiated by the workers or the employers. The terms “ strike1* and “ work stoppage** are used interchangeably in this report. The definitions o f strikes and lock-outs point out certain characteristics inherent in each strike or lock-out: ( l ) The stoppage is temporary rather than permanent; (2) the action is by or against a group rather than an individual; (3) the objective is to express a grievance or enforce a demand; and (4.) an employeivemployee relationship exists, al though the grievance may or may not be against the employer o f the striking group# In ju ris dictional as well as rival union or repre sentation strikes, the major elements of dis pute may be between two unions rather than directly with the employer# In a sympathy strike, there is usually no dispute between the striking workers and their immediate em ployer but the purpose is to give union sup port or broaden group pressure fo r the bene f i t o f another group o f workers. Sympathy or protest strikes may also be intended to record the workers* feelings against action (or absence o f action) by lo ca l, State, or Federal Government agencies on matters o f general worker concern# Although the Bureau seeks to obtain com plete coverage o f a ll strikes involving six or more workers and lasting a fu ll sh ift or longer, information is undoubtedly missing on some of the smaller strikes. For this reason the aggregate figures o f workers involved and man-days o f idleness are rounded to avoid a sense o f false accuracy. Also, in some in stances the figure o f man-days o f idleness is an estimate to some extent, because the exact number o f workers id le each day is not known in prolonged strikes# Because o f rounding the group totals in certain tables may not exactly equal the sum o f the individual items# ☆ u. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 0 — 1952
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