Full text of The Employment Situation : October 2019
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Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, November 1, 2019 USDL-19-1868 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — OCTOBER 2019 Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 128,000 in October, and the unemployment rate was little changed at 3.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains occurred in food services and drinking places, social assistance, and financial activities. Within manufacturing, employment in motor vehicles and parts decreased due to strike activity. Federal government employment was down, reflecting a drop in the number of temporary jobs for the 2020 Census. Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, October 2017 – October 2019 Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, October 2017 – October 2019 Percent Thousands 5.5 400 350 5.0 300 4.5 250 200 4.0 150 3.5 100 50 3.0 0 2.5 Oct-17 -50 Jan-18 Apr-18 Jul-18 Oct-18 Jan-19 Apr-19 Jul-19 Oct-19 Oct-17 Jan-18 Apr-18 Jul-18 Oct-18 Jan-19 Apr-19 Jul-19 Oct-19 This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note. Household Survey Data Both the unemployment rate, at 3.6 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 5.9 million, changed little in October. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.2 percent), adult women (3.2 percent), teenagers (12.3 percent), Whites (3.2 percent), Blacks (5.4 percent), Asians (2.9 percent), and Hispanics (4.1 percent) showed little or no change in October. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged at 1.3 million in October and accounted for 21.5 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) The labor force participation rate was little changed at 63.3 percent in October, and the employmentpopulation ratio held at 61.0 percent. Both measures were up by 0.4 percentage point over the year. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.4 million, changed little in October. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.) In October, 1.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 262,000 from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 341,000 discouraged workers in October, down by 165,000 from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 888,000 persons marginally attached to the labor force in October had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 128,000 in October. Job growth has averaged 167,000 per month thus far in 2019, compared with an average monthly gain of 223,000 in 2018. In October, notable job gains occurred in food services and drinking places, social assistance, and financial activities. Employment declined in motor vehicles and parts manufacturing due to strike activity. Federal government employment also was down, reflecting a drop in the number of temporary jobs for the 2020 Census. (See table B-1.) In October, food services and drinking places added 48,000 jobs. Job growth in the industry has averaged 38,000 over the past 3 months, compared with an average monthly gain of 16,000 in the first 7 months of 2019. Employment in social assistance increased by 20,000 in October and by 139,000 over the last 12 months. Most of the gain occurred in individual and family services, which added 17,000 jobs over the month and 111,000 over the year. In October, employment in financial activities rose by 16,000, with gains in real estate and rental and leasing (+10,000) and in credit intermediation and related activities (+6,000). Financial activities has added 108,000 jobs over the last 12 months. -2- Employment in professional and business services continued to trend up in October (+22,000). The industry has added an average of 33,000 jobs per month thus far in 2019, compared with an average gain of 47,000 jobs per month in 2018. Health care employment continued on an upward trend in October (+15,000). Health care has added 402,000 jobs over the last 12 months. Manufacturing employment decreased by 36,000 in October. Within manufacturing, employment in motor vehicles and parts declined by 42,000, reflecting strike activity. Federal government employment was down by 17,000 over the month, as 20,000 temporary workers who had been preparing for the 2020 Census completed their work. Employment in other major industries—including mining, construction, wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, and information—showed little change over the month. In October, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 6 cents to $28.18. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.0 percent. In October, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 4 cents to $23.70. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4 hours in October. In manufacturing, the average workweek decreased by 0.2 hour to 40.3 hours, while overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees held at 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised up by 51,000 from +168,000 to +219,000, and the change for September was revised up by 44,000 from +136,000 to +180,000. With these revisions, employment gains in August and September combined were 95,000 more than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 176,000 over the last 3 months. _____________ The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 6, 2019, at 8:30 a.m. (EST). -3- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Change from: Sept. 2019Oct. 2019 Oct. 2019 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258,514 162,694 62.9 156,582 60.6 6,112 3.8 95,821 259,432 163,922 63.2 157,878 60.9 6,044 3.7 95,510 259,638 164,039 63.2 158,269 61.0 5,769 3.5 95,599 259,845 164,364 63.3 158,510 61.0 5,855 3.6 95,481 207 325 0.1 241 0.0 86 0.1 -118 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 3.8 3.5 3.4 12.0 3.3 6.2 3.1 4.4 3.7 3.4 3.3 12.6 3.4 5.5 2.8 4.2 3.5 3.2 3.1 12.5 3.2 5.5 2.5 3.9 3.6 3.2 3.2 12.3 3.2 5.4 2.9 4.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.2 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 3.1 5.9 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.9 5.4 3.6 3.1 2.1 2.8 4.8 3.6 2.9 2.0 2.9 5.6 3.7 2.9 2.1 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 2,858 731 1,914 605 2,876 781 1,801 574 2,572 840 1,669 677 2,674 849 1,703 627 102 9 34 -50 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 2,062 1,845 859 1,370 2,207 1,757 835 1,243 1,868 1,781 819 1,314 1,968 1,749 899 1,264 100 -32 80 -50 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... . 4,630 2,837 1,461 21,448 4,381 2,678 1,351 21,697 4,350 2,588 1,322 21,573 4,438 2,754 1,287 21,549 88 166 -35 -24 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 1,491 506 1,564 467 1,299 321 1,229 341 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 285 60 6 25 29 19 7.1 10 225 6.7 -9.9 24.3 1.4 10 14 55 14.3 37 46.7 79 7 -8 219 163 4 -5 7 2 -2 -2.6 4 159 2.4 -1.3 -7.6 -0.9 -4 17 38 9.5 63 54.8 48 5 56 180 167 7 1 11 -5 -6 -3.5 1 160 7.1 6.7 6.3 -1.3 4 8 37 20.1 49 44.8 45 -2 13 128 131 -26 0 10 -36 -41 -41.6 5 157 10.8 6.1 9.9 -1.4 -4 16 22 -8.1 39 34.2 61 -3 -3 (3-month average change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 213 188 149 188 151 176 154 Category WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (258 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (76 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 49.7 48.3 82.4 49.9 48.5 82.3 49.9 48.6 82.3 49.9 48.6 82.2 34.5 $27.35 $943.58 110.3 0.3 144.2 0.4 34.4 $28.11 $966.98 111.4 0.5 149.7 0.9 34.4 $28.12 $967.33 111.5 0.1 149.9 0.1 34.4 $28.18 $969.39 111.6 0.1 150.4 0.3 67.4 59.9 55.8 48.7 55.4 40.8 55.4 43.4 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 142,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 689,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/. • The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258,514 162,723 62.9 156,952 60.7 5,771 3.5 95,792 5,048 259,638 163,943 63.1 158,478 61.0 5,465 3.3 95,694 4,637 259,845 164,576 63.3 159,067 61.2 5,510 3.3 95,269 4,412 258,514 162,694 62.9 156,582 60.6 6,112 3.8 95,821 5,333 259,037 162,981 62.9 157,005 60.6 5,975 3.7 96,057 5,322 259,225 163,351 63.0 157,288 60.7 6,063 3.7 95,874 5,043 259,432 163,922 63.2 157,878 60.9 6,044 3.7 95,510 5,150 259,638 164,039 63.2 158,269 61.0 5,769 3.5 95,599 4,880 259,845 164,364 63.3 158,510 61.0 5,855 3.6 95,481 4,753 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,041 86,081 68.8 83,052 66.4 3,029 3.5 38,960 125,583 86,729 69.1 83,862 66.8 2,867 3.3 38,855 125,687 86,824 69.1 83,918 66.8 2,906 3.3 38,863 125,041 86,146 68.9 82,894 66.3 3,252 3.8 38,895 125,285 86,479 69.0 83,293 66.5 3,185 3.7 38,806 125,378 86,805 69.2 83,584 66.7 3,221 3.7 38,573 125,481 86,832 69.2 83,600 66.6 3,233 3.7 38,649 125,583 86,839 69.1 83,732 66.7 3,107 3.6 38,744 125,687 86,884 69.1 83,753 66.6 3,132 3.6 38,802 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,546 83,332 71.5 80,637 69.2 2,694 3.2 33,215 117,140 83,837 71.6 81,348 69.4 2,488 3.0 33,304 117,242 83,967 71.6 81,433 69.5 2,534 3.0 33,275 116,546 83,277 71.5 80,388 69.0 2,889 3.5 33,269 116,843 83,501 71.5 80,718 69.1 2,783 3.3 33,341 116,939 83,794 71.7 80,981 69.3 2,814 3.4 33,144 117,040 83,868 71.7 81,039 69.2 2,830 3.4 33,171 117,140 83,829 71.6 81,135 69.3 2,694 3.2 33,311 117,242 83,902 71.6 81,181 69.2 2,721 3.2 33,340 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,474 76,642 57.4 73,900 55.4 2,742 3.6 56,832 134,054 77,214 57.6 74,616 55.7 2,598 3.4 56,840 134,158 77,752 58.0 75,149 56.0 2,603 3.3 56,406 133,474 76,548 57.4 73,688 55.2 2,860 3.7 56,926 133,753 76,502 57.2 73,712 55.1 2,790 3.6 57,251 133,847 76,546 57.2 73,705 55.1 2,841 3.7 57,301 133,951 77,090 57.6 74,278 55.5 2,812 3.6 56,861 134,054 77,199 57.6 74,537 55.6 2,662 3.4 56,855 134,158 77,480 57.8 74,757 55.7 2,723 3.5 56,678 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,200 73,683 58.9 71,270 56.9 2,412 3.3 51,517 125,806 74,501 59.2 72,204 57.4 2,297 3.1 51,304 125,907 74,891 59.5 72,584 57.6 2,307 3.1 51,016 125,200 73,442 58.7 70,935 56.7 2,507 3.4 51,757 125,509 73,579 58.6 71,139 56.7 2,441 3.3 51,929 125,604 73,548 58.6 71,069 56.6 2,479 3.4 52,057 125,705 74,123 59.0 71,655 57.0 2,468 3.3 51,582 125,806 74,314 59.1 71,974 57.2 2,340 3.1 51,491 125,907 74,517 59.2 72,112 57.3 2,405 3.2 51,390 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,768 5,708 34.0 5,045 30.1 664 11.6 11,060 16,691 5,605 33.6 4,926 29.5 680 12.1 11,086 16,696 5,718 34.2 5,050 30.2 668 11.7 10,978 16,768 5,974 35.6 5,258 31.4 715 12.0 10,795 16,686 5,900 35.4 5,148 30.9 751 12.7 10,786 16,682 6,009 36.0 5,239 31.4 770 12.8 10,673 16,687 5,931 35.5 5,184 31.1 747 12.6 10,756 16,691 5,895 35.3 5,160 30.9 735 12.5 10,796 16,696 5,946 35.6 5,217 31.2 729 12.3 10,750 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 200,596 126,018 62.8 122,170 60.9 3,848 3.1 74,578 201,062 126,928 63.1 123,055 61.2 3,873 3.1 74,133 201,172 127,165 63.2 123,402 61.3 3,763 3.0 74,007 200,596 126,100 62.9 121,923 60.8 4,177 3.3 74,496 200,746 126,244 62.9 122,125 60.8 4,119 3.3 74,502 200,843 126,345 62.9 122,144 60.8 4,201 3.3 74,498 200,953 126,765 63.1 122,471 60.9 4,293 3.4 74,188 201,062 127,053 63.2 122,972 61.2 4,081 3.2 74,008 201,172 127,114 63.2 123,012 61.1 4,102 3.2 74,058 65,737 71.6 63,933 69.6 1,803 2.7 66,100 71.8 64,380 69.9 1,720 2.6 66,081 71.7 64,316 69.8 1,765 2.7 65,771 71.6 63,785 69.4 1,986 3.0 65,928 71.7 64,009 69.6 1,919 2.9 65,994 71.7 64,005 69.6 1,989 3.0 66,066 71.8 64,094 69.6 1,972 3.0 66,134 71.8 64,246 69.7 1,888 2.9 66,119 71.7 64,168 69.6 1,951 3.0 55,941 58.0 54,325 56.3 1,615 2.9 56,449 58.4 54,807 56.7 1,643 2.9 56,682 58.6 55,143 57.0 1,539 2.7 55,778 57.8 54,062 56.1 1,716 3.1 55,704 57.7 53,993 55.9 1,711 3.1 55,663 57.6 53,988 55.9 1,675 3.0 56,063 58.0 54,286 56.2 1,776 3.2 56,356 58.3 54,707 56.6 1,649 2.9 56,394 58.3 54,750 56.6 1,644 2.9 4,341 35.3 3,911 31.8 429 9.9 4,379 35.8 3,868 31.6 511 11.7 4,402 36.0 3,943 32.2 460 10.4 4,551 37.0 4,076 33.1 476 10.5 4,612 37.7 4,123 33.7 489 10.6 4,687 38.3 4,151 33.9 536 11.4 4,636 37.9 4,091 33.4 545 11.8 4,563 37.3 4,019 32.8 545 11.9 4,601 37.6 4,093 33.4 508 11.0 32,887 20,706 63.0 19,397 59.0 1,309 6.3 12,181 33,116 20,656 62.4 19,611 59.2 1,045 5.1 12,460 33,152 20,834 62.8 19,695 59.4 1,139 5.5 12,317 32,887 20,564 62.5 19,290 58.7 1,274 6.2 12,323 33,014 20,430 61.9 19,199 58.2 1,231 6.0 12,584 33,045 20,714 62.7 19,481 59.0 1,233 6.0 12,331 33,081 20,588 62.2 19,463 58.8 1,125 5.5 12,492 33,116 20,669 62.4 19,540 59.0 1,129 5.5 12,447 33,152 20,682 62.4 19,559 59.0 1,123 5.4 12,470 9,477 68.7 8,862 64.3 615 6.5 9,509 68.3 9,032 64.9 477 5.0 9,552 68.5 9,068 65.0 484 5.1 9,400 68.2 8,814 63.9 586 6.2 9,303 67.1 8,768 63.2 535 5.8 9,502 68.4 8,953 64.5 549 5.8 9,490 68.3 8,931 64.2 559 5.9 9,490 68.2 8,975 64.5 515 5.4 9,484 68.0 9,005 64.6 480 5.1 10,415 62.7 9,892 59.6 523 5.0 10,480 62.6 10,024 59.9 456 4.3 10,567 63.1 10,039 59.9 528 5.0 10,327 62.2 9,825 59.2 501 4.9 10,396 62.3 9,846 59.0 550 5.3 10,421 62.4 9,877 59.2 544 5.2 10,379 62.1 9,926 59.4 453 4.4 10,460 62.5 9,978 59.6 482 4.6 10,471 62.5 9,967 59.5 503 4.8 815 32.7 643 25.8 172 21.1 668 27.2 556 22.6 112 16.8 715 29.1 588 23.9 127 17.8 837 33.6 650 26.1 187 22.4 731 29.7 586 23.8 145 19.9 790 32.1 650 26.4 140 17.7 719 29.2 605 24.6 113 15.7 719 29.3 587 23.9 132 18.3 726 29.6 587 23.9 139 19.2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 2018 16,030 10,213 63.7 9,899 61.8 314 3.1 5,817 Sept. 2019 16,400 10,518 64.1 10,261 62.6 257 2.4 5,881 Oct. 2019 16,399 10,669 65.1 10,371 63.2 298 2.8 5,730 Oct. 2018 16,030 10,280 64.1 9,956 62.1 324 3.1 5,750 June 2019 16,557 10,526 63.6 10,303 62.2 222 2.1 6,032 July 2019 16,399 10,449 63.7 10,160 62.0 289 2.8 5,950 Aug. 2019 16,433 10,524 64.0 10,225 62.2 299 2.8 5,909 Sept. 2019 16,400 10,519 64.1 10,260 62.6 258 2.5 5,881 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Oct. 2019 16,399 10,721 65.4 10,416 63.5 306 2.9 5,678 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 43,054 28,512 66.2 27,343 63.5 1,169 4.1 14,542 43,722 29,258 66.9 28,210 64.5 1,048 3.6 14,464 43,814 29,542 67.4 28,419 64.9 1,123 3.8 14,272 43,054 28,513 66.2 27,266 63.3 1,248 4.4 14,541 43,453 28,855 66.4 27,602 63.5 1,253 4.3 14,599 43,537 28,896 66.4 27,581 63.4 1,314 4.5 14,642 43,630 29,082 66.7 27,866 63.9 1,216 4.2 14,548 43,722 29,287 67.0 28,152 64.4 1,135 3.9 14,435 43,814 29,486 67.3 28,282 64.6 1,204 4.1 14,328 15,442 79.4 14,898 76.6 544 3.5 15,783 80.0 15,390 78.0 393 2.5 15,858 80.2 15,377 77.7 481 3.0 15,448 79.5 14,854 76.4 594 3.8 15,659 79.8 15,093 76.9 566 3.6 15,651 79.6 15,017 76.4 634 4.0 15,718 79.8 15,186 77.1 532 3.4 15,791 80.0 15,320 77.6 471 3.0 15,841 80.1 15,307 77.4 533 3.4 11,778 59.9 11,305 57.5 472 4.0 12,210 61.1 11,737 58.8 472 3.9 12,376 61.8 11,922 59.5 455 3.7 11,767 59.9 11,266 57.3 501 4.3 11,885 59.9 11,382 57.3 503 4.2 11,929 60.0 11,480 57.7 449 3.8 12,113 60.8 11,604 58.2 509 4.2 12,191 61.0 11,724 58.7 467 3.8 12,327 61.6 11,844 59.2 483 3.9 1,293 32.6 1,140 28.8 152 11.8 1,265 31.6 1,083 27.0 182 14.4 1,307 32.6 1,121 27.9 187 14.3 1,298 32.8 1,145 28.9 153 11.8 1,310 32.9 1,126 28.3 184 14.0 1,316 33.0 1,084 27.2 232 17.6 1,251 31.3 1,076 26.9 175 14.0 1,305 32.6 1,108 27.7 197 15.1 1,318 32.9 1,130 28.2 188 14.3 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,078 46.9 9,567 44.5 510 5.1 10,008 46.3 9,608 44.5 400 4.0 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,254 57.8 34,879 55.6 1,375 3.8 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Oct. 2019 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 June 2019 9,588 46.3 9,137 44.1 452 4.7 10,268 47.8 9,658 44.9 610 5.9 10,025 45.4 9,489 43.0 536 5.3 9,975 47.1 9,466 44.7 509 5.1 10,032 47.1 9,490 44.6 542 5.4 9,929 46.0 9,448 43.7 480 4.8 9,786 47.2 9,242 44.6 544 5.6 36,701 58.4 35,474 56.5 1,227 3.3 36,439 58.0 35,160 56.0 1,279 3.5 36,103 57.6 34,650 55.3 1,454 4.0 36,120 57.8 34,715 55.6 1,404 3.9 36,286 57.5 34,982 55.4 1,304 3.6 36,318 57.3 35,023 55.3 1,295 3.6 36,313 57.8 35,005 55.7 1,308 3.6 36,270 57.8 34,941 55.7 1,328 3.7 37,808 65.7 36,706 63.8 1,102 2.9 37,404 65.0 36,348 63.1 1,056 2.8 37,881 65.3 36,862 63.6 1,018 2.7 37,531 65.2 36,392 63.2 1,139 3.0 37,200 64.7 36,069 62.7 1,132 3.0 37,222 65.0 36,028 62.9 1,194 3.2 37,710 65.6 36,549 63.6 1,161 3.1 37,452 65.1 36,363 63.2 1,089 2.9 37,581 64.8 36,510 63.0 1,072 2.9 58,022 73.6 56,890 72.2 1,132 2.0 59,077 73.9 57,919 72.5 1,157 2.0 59,700 74.0 58,520 72.6 1,180 2.0 57,968 73.5 56,782 72.0 1,186 2.0 58,510 73.8 57,275 72.3 1,235 2.1 58,664 73.4 57,399 71.8 1,265 2.2 58,800 73.9 57,551 72.3 1,249 2.1 59,080 73.9 57,884 72.4 1,196 2.0 59,517 73.8 58,274 72.3 1,243 2.1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Oct. 2018 Men Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Women Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,090 9,369 49.1 9,100 47.7 269 2.9 9,721 18,710 9,169 49.0 8,895 47.5 274 3.0 9,541 17,218 8,255 47.9 8,019 46.6 236 2.9 8,963 16,821 8,105 48.2 7,891 46.9 214 2.6 8,716 1,872 1,114 59.5 1,081 57.7 33 3.0 758 1,889 1,064 56.3 1,004 53.1 60 5.7 825 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,141 3,384 81.7 3,279 79.2 105 3.1 757 4,370 3,441 78.7 3,320 76.0 121 3.5 929 3,405 2,861 84.0 2,770 81.3 91 3.2 545 3,597 2,943 81.8 2,869 79.8 74 2.5 654 736 523 71.1 509 69.2 14 2.7 213 772 498 64.5 451 58.4 47 9.5 274 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,147 2,450 77.9 2,383 75.7 67 2.7 697 3,074 2,297 74.7 2,216 72.1 81 3.5 777 2,677 2,109 78.8 2,047 76.5 61 2.9 568 2,609 1,965 75.3 1,889 72.4 77 3.9 643 470 341 72.6 336 71.4 5 1.6 129 466 332 71.3 328 70.3 4 1.3 134 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,502 1,545 20.6 1,498 20.0 47 3.0 5,957 7,094 1,443 20.3 1,409 19.9 34 2.3 5,651 7,246 1,491 20.6 1,447 20.0 44 3.0 5,755 6,848 1,396 20.4 1,363 19.9 34 2.4 5,452 256 54 21.2 52 20.2 3 – 202 246 47 19.0 47 18.9 0 – 199 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,300 1,990 46.3 1,940 45.1 50 2.5 2,310 4,172 1,987 47.6 1,949 46.7 39 1.9 2,185 3,890 1,795 46.1 1,755 45.1 39 2.2 2,095 3,767 1,800 47.8 1,770 47.0 30 1.7 1,967 410 195 47.6 184 45.0 11 5.6 215 405 187 46.3 179 44.1 9 4.6 218 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230,542 151,214 65.6 145,912 63.3 5,302 3.5 79,328 232,012 153,292 66.1 148,318 63.9 4,974 3.2 78,719 103,266 76,864 74.4 74,170 71.8 2,694 3.5 26,402 104,279 77,718 74.5 75,158 72.1 2,559 3.3 26,561 127,276 74,351 58.4 71,743 56.4 2,608 3.5 52,925 127,733 75,575 59.2 73,160 57.3 2,415 3.2 52,158 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 Persons with no disability Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 30,145 6,468 21.5 5,987 19.9 480 7.4 23,677 29,797 6,125 20.6 5,705 19.1 420 6.9 23,672 228,370 156,255 68.4 150,965 66.1 5,290 3.4 72,114 230,048 158,451 68.9 153,362 66.7 5,090 3.2 71,596 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,740 36.4 2,520 33.5 221 8.1 4,790 2,665 35.9 2,460 33.2 205 7.7 4,749 77,736 82.4 75,067 79.6 2,669 3.4 16,560 78,118 82.9 75,558 80.1 2,560 3.3 16,170 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,511 32.0 2,304 29.4 207 8.2 5,329 2,255 30.6 2,088 28.3 167 7.4 5,122 69,508 71.6 67,136 69.2 2,372 3.4 27,560 70,619 72.6 68,317 70.2 2,303 3.3 26,646 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 1,216 8.2 1,163 7.9 53 4.3 13,559 1,204 8.0 1,157 7.7 47 3.9 13,802 9,011 24.4 8,762 23.7 249 2.8 27,994 9,714 25.2 9,487 24.6 227 2.3 28,780 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Oct. 2018 Men Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Women Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 43,051 28,410 66.0 27,533 64.0 877 3.1 14,641 42,326 28,067 66.3 27,346 64.6 722 2.6 14,258 20,795 16,198 77.9 15,763 75.8 436 2.7 4,597 20,385 15,931 78.1 15,565 76.4 365 2.3 4,455 22,256 12,212 54.9 11,770 52.9 441 3.6 10,044 21,940 12,137 55.3 11,780 53.7 356 2.9 9,803 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 215,463 134,313 62.3 129,419 60.1 4,894 3.6 81,150 217,519 136,509 62.8 131,721 60.6 4,788 3.5 81,010 104,245 69,882 67.0 67,290 64.5 2,593 3.7 34,363 105,301 70,893 67.3 68,352 64.9 2,541 3.6 34,408 111,218 64,431 57.9 62,130 55.9 2,301 3.6 46,787 112,218 65,615 58.5 63,369 56.5 2,247 3.4 46,603 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries.............................. . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 2,484 1,771 692 21 154,468 145,325 21,187 124,139 769 123,370 9,055 88 2,479 1,672 781 27 155,999 147,030 21,089 125,942 842 125,100 8,889 80 2,553 1,738 786 30 156,513 147,522 21,598 125,924 784 125,140 8,926 66 2,418 1,674 722 – 154,135 145,071 21,186 124,063 – 123,239 8,949 – 2,320 1,482 778 – 154,725 145,906 20,952 124,901 – 124,115 8,766 – 2,402 1,577 779 – 154,904 145,880 20,823 125,012 – 124,224 8,945 – 2,400 1,560 789 – 155,528 146,480 20,913 125,602 – 124,745 8,891 – 2,404 1,610 769 – 155,830 146,837 21,088 125,756 – 124,867 8,843 – 2,461 1,630 796 – 155,998 147,161 21,469 125,805 – 124,974 8,802 – 4,246 2,600 1,433 21,979 3,992 2,377 1,327 21,666 4,046 2,533 1,268 22,088 4,630 2,837 1,461 21,448 4,347 2,707 1,337 21,524 3,984 2,385 1,364 21,437 4,381 2,678 1,351 21,697 4,350 2,588 1,322 21,573 4,438 2,754 1,287 21,549 4,169 2,541 1,428 21,616 3,925 2,337 1,317 21,291 3,961 2,469 1,258 21,679 4,549 2,779 1,453 21,083 4,258 2,669 1,326 21,188 3,878 2,323 1,350 21,049 4,295 2,634 1,337 21,322 4,264 2,537 1,311 21,190 4,337 2,692 1,275 21,138 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,952 5,045 1,940 3,105 151,908 13,865 138,042 101,289 35,802 33,017 32,469 36,753 158,478 4,926 1,870 3,056 153,553 14,203 139,350 101,621 36,073 33,581 31,967 37,729 159,067 5,050 1,854 3,197 154,016 14,337 139,679 101,942 36,230 33,594 32,118 37,738 156,582 5,258 1,954 3,305 151,324 13,897 137,504 100,892 35,693 32,857 32,343 36,612 157,005 5,148 1,756 3,398 151,857 14,291 137,547 100,665 35,708 32,973 31,985 36,882 157,288 5,239 1,704 3,559 152,050 14,233 137,837 100,373 35,486 33,044 31,842 37,464 157,878 5,184 1,835 3,360 152,694 14,057 138,508 101,042 35,937 33,149 31,956 37,467 158,269 5,160 1,797 3,321 153,109 14,297 138,742 101,151 35,910 33,377 31,864 37,592 158,510 5,217 1,835 3,404 153,293 14,363 138,999 101,414 36,057 33,393 31,964 37,585 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,052 2,415 863 1,552 80,637 7,031 73,606 53,957 19,196 17,704 17,056 19,650 83,862 2,514 916 1,598 81,348 7,167 74,181 54,061 19,256 18,012 16,792 20,121 83,918 2,485 868 1,617 81,433 7,157 74,276 54,139 19,353 17,954 16,832 20,137 82,894 2,506 895 1,621 80,388 7,082 73,331 53,789 19,169 17,625 16,995 19,542 83,293 2,575 896 1,681 80,718 7,279 73,430 53,630 19,009 17,792 16,829 19,800 83,584 2,603 855 1,762 80,981 7,228 73,761 53,688 19,088 17,790 16,810 20,073 83,600 2,561 894 1,657 81,039 7,099 73,827 53,749 19,194 17,764 16,791 20,078 83,732 2,597 895 1,679 81,135 7,218 73,871 53,843 19,182 17,926 16,735 20,028 83,753 2,572 899 1,684 81,181 7,215 73,966 53,941 19,305 17,877 16,759 20,026 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,900 2,630 1,077 1,553 71,270 6,835 64,436 47,332 16,606 15,313 15,413 17,104 74,616 2,412 954 1,458 72,204 7,036 65,168 47,561 16,817 15,568 15,175 17,608 75,149 2,565 985 1,580 72,584 7,180 65,403 47,803 16,877 15,640 15,286 17,601 73,688 2,753 1,059 1,684 70,935 6,816 64,173 47,103 16,524 15,231 15,348 17,070 73,712 2,573 860 1,718 71,139 7,012 64,117 47,035 16,698 15,181 15,156 17,082 73,705 2,636 849 1,797 71,069 7,005 64,076 46,685 16,398 15,254 15,032 17,392 74,278 2,623 941 1,703 71,655 6,958 64,682 47,293 16,743 15,385 15,165 17,389 74,537 2,563 901 1,641 71,974 7,079 64,871 47,308 16,728 15,451 15,129 17,563 74,757 2,645 937 1,720 72,112 7,148 65,033 47,473 16,752 15,517 15,204 17,560 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,354 36,278 10,060 46,256 36,477 10,006 46,113 36,933 9,791 46,192 36,089 – 45,681 36,013 – 46,005 36,110 – 46,215 36,366 – 46,009 36,432 – 45,946 36,696 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,627 27,325 131,704 26,774 131,990 27,077 129,255 27,311 130,148 26,807 130,429 26,861 130,789 26,974 131,094 27,095 131,545 27,021 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,093 5.2 8,331 5.3 8,351 5.3 7,873 5.0 8,156 5.2 8,389 5.3 8,373 5.3 8,357 5.3 8,158 5.1 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,057 9,747 6,227 9,669 6,358 9,712 – 9,671 – 9,544 – 9,724 – 9,681 – 9,612 – 9,599 1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,112 715 230 488 5,396 1,013 4,359 3,276 1,353 1,004 919 1,077 5,769 735 271 461 5,034 963 4,057 3,127 1,326 891 910 925 5,855 729 299 435 5,126 948 4,153 3,154 1,399 901 854 1,004 3.8 12.0 10.6 12.9 3.4 6.8 3.1 3.1 3.7 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.7 12.7 14.6 11.5 3.3 6.3 3.0 3.0 3.6 2.8 2.7 3.0 3.7 12.8 15.5 10.9 3.4 6.8 3.0 3.1 3.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.7 12.6 12.9 12.0 3.4 7.0 2.9 3.1 3.6 2.8 2.8 2.6 3.5 12.5 13.1 12.2 3.2 6.3 2.8 3.0 3.6 2.6 2.8 2.4 3.6 12.3 14.0 11.3 3.2 6.2 2.9 3.0 3.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,252 363 112 252 2,889 567 2,297 1,767 743 551 473 530 3,107 413 135 275 2,694 561 2,142 1,674 760 434 481 468 3,132 411 150 257 2,721 589 2,114 1,617 743 435 439 497 3.8 12.6 11.1 13.5 3.5 7.4 3.0 3.2 3.7 3.0 2.7 2.6 3.7 13.5 14.0 12.9 3.3 7.4 2.9 3.0 3.6 2.4 2.8 2.7 3.7 13.5 15.3 11.8 3.4 7.6 2.9 3.1 3.7 2.6 2.8 2.5 3.7 13.6 14.4 13.3 3.4 7.9 2.9 3.1 3.7 2.6 2.9 2.4 3.6 13.7 13.1 14.1 3.2 7.2 2.8 3.0 3.8 2.4 2.8 2.3 3.6 13.8 14.3 13.2 3.2 7.6 2.8 2.9 3.7 2.4 2.6 2.4 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,860 353 119 236 2,507 446 2,062 1,509 610 453 446 530 2,662 322 137 185 2,340 402 1,915 1,453 566 457 430 475 2,723 319 149 178 2,405 359 2,039 1,537 656 466 415 491 3.7 11.4 10.1 12.3 3.4 6.1 3.1 3.1 3.6 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.6 12.0 15.2 10.1 3.3 5.2 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.3 2.5 3.3 3.7 12.1 15.7 10.1 3.4 5.9 3.1 3.2 3.8 3.0 2.6 2.9 3.6 11.6 11.6 10.8 3.3 6.2 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.8 3.4 11.2 13.2 10.1 3.1 5.4 2.9 3.0 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.6 3.5 10.7 13.7 9.4 3.2 4.8 3.0 3.1 3.8 2.9 2.7 2.7 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914 846 565 815 824 492 818 845 558 1.9 2.3 5.3 1.8 2.3 5.1 1.9 2.2 6.0 1.8 2.2 5.1 1.7 2.2 4.7 1.7 2.3 5.4 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,853 1,245 4,640 1,098 4,788 1,067 3.6 4.4 3.5 4.4 3.6 4.3 3.5 4.4 3.4 3.9 3.5 3.8 1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only. Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 2,510 507 2,003 1,317 686 746 1,951 564 2,227 428 1,799 1,269 530 897 1,691 650 2,340 468 1,872 1,216 656 859 1,719 592 2,858 793 2,066 1,365 701 731 1,914 605 2,736 801 1,935 1,358 577 888 1,868 541 2,798 836 1,963 1,361 602 833 1,810 595 2,876 817 2,059 1,397 661 781 1,801 574 2,572 731 1,841 1,308 532 840 1,669 677 2,674 762 1,912 1,259 653 849 1,703 627 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 43.5 8.8 34.7 12.9 33.8 9.8 40.7 7.8 32.9 16.4 30.9 11.9 42.5 8.5 34.0 15.6 31.2 10.7 46.8 13.0 33.8 12.0 31.3 9.9 45.3 13.3 32.1 14.7 31.0 9.0 46.4 13.8 32.5 13.8 30.0 9.9 47.7 13.6 34.1 12.9 29.9 9.5 44.7 12.7 32.0 14.6 29.0 11.8 45.7 13.0 32.7 14.5 29.1 10.7 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 1.5 0.5 1.2 0.3 1.4 0.5 1.0 0.4 1.4 0.5 1.0 0.4 1.8 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.7 0.5 1.1 0.3 1.7 0.5 1.1 0.4 1.8 0.5 1.1 0.4 1.6 0.5 1.0 0.4 1.6 0.5 1.0 0.4 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,866 1,734 2,171 824 1,347 1,820 1,588 2,057 737 1,320 1,755 1,651 2,104 856 1,249 2,062 1,845 2,229 859 1,370 1,961 1,830 2,182 769 1,414 2,201 1,797 2,071 905 1,166 2,207 1,757 2,078 835 1,243 1,868 1,781 2,132 819 1,314 1,968 1,749 2,163 899 1,264 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.8 9.9 23.0 9.8 23.1 9.8 22.4 9.4 22.2 9.6 19.6 8.9 22.1 8.9 22.0 9.4 21.8 9.3 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 30.0 37.6 14.3 23.3 33.3 29.1 37.6 13.5 24.1 31.9 30.0 38.2 15.5 22.7 33.6 30.1 36.3 14.0 22.3 32.8 30.6 36.5 12.9 23.7 36.3 29.6 34.1 14.9 19.2 36.5 29.1 34.4 13.8 20.6 32.3 30.8 36.9 14.2 22.7 33.5 29.7 36.8 15.3 21.5 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................................... . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployment rates Unemployed Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 156,952 62,929 159,067 64,997 5,771 1,246 5,510 1,161 3.5 1.9 3.3 1.8 26,165 36,764 26,689 33,730 15,927 17,803 27,517 37,480 27,132 34,055 16,050 18,005 535 711 1,247 1,233 599 634 471 690 1,257 1,145 572 573 2.0 1.9 4.5 3.5 3.6 3.4 1.7 1.8 4.4 3.3 3.4 3.1 14,588 1,181 8,558 4,849 14,389 1,123 8,365 4,901 546 63 400 83 534 55 402 76 3.6 5.0 4.5 1.7 3.6 4.7 4.6 1.5 19,015 8,904 10,112 18,494 8,412 10,083 920 414 506 797 386 411 4.6 4.4 4.8 4.1 4.4 3.9 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 5,771 4,458 14 352 504 260 245 794 217 84 205 691 649 747 200 74 411 265 5,510 4,233 23 398 484 286 198 732 197 79 198 625 552 747 197 62 414 209 3.5 3.5 1.7 3.6 3.2 2.5 4.3 3.9 3.1 3.2 2.0 4.0 2.7 5.4 3.0 4.1 1.9 2.6 3.3 3.3 2.8 4.0 3.1 2.9 3.5 3.6 2.6 3.3 2.0 3.5 2.2 5.3 2.9 3.6 1.9 2.1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 June 2019 July 2019 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.5 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3 7.0 6.5 6.5 7.5 7.2 7.0 7.2 6.9 7.0 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Oct. 2018 Men Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Women Oct. 2019 Oct. 2018 Oct. 2019 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2........................................ . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 95,792 5,048 1,491 506 984 95,269 4,412 1,229 341 888 38,960 2,298 823 314 509 38,863 2,093 668 227 441 56,832 2,750 668 192 476 56,406 2,318 561 114 447 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4............................................ . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,093 5.2 4,484 2,180 284 1,073 8,351 5.3 4,602 2,172 377 1,149 3,958 4.8 2,490 723 171 539 4,065 4.8 2,471 801 207 564 4,135 5.6 1,994 1,457 114 534 4,286 5.7 2,131 1,370 169 585 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p 150,853 128,001 21,092 151,607 129,955 21,452 152,015 129,385 21,332 152,962 129,941 21,280 149,852 127,366 20,892 151,637 129,008 21,104 151,817 129,175 21,111 151,945 129,306 21,085 Change from: Sept.2019 Oct.2019p 128 131 -26 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759 48.1 710.9 146.7 197.5 52.2 41.4 760 50.3 709.6 164.8 196.4 53.4 40.3 754 49.9 704.4 164.1 195.1 53.3 39.7 755 49.6 705.3 163.7 195.1 53.3 39.6 751 47.2 703.6 146.5 194.6 51.9 41.6 746 48.6 697.2 161.8 192.2 53.2 39.8 747 48.4 698.3 163.5 192.7 53.2 39.8 747 48.5 698.5 163.8 192.5 53.1 39.7 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 103.9 366.7 102.7 348.4 102.1 345.2 102.2 346.5 101.1 362.5 99.2 343.2 99.8 342.1 99.6 342.2 -0.2 0.1 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 7,559 1,669.2 827.8 841.4 1,129.8 4,759.5 2,086.3 2,673.2 7,758 1,707.1 864.1 843.0 1,141.8 4,909.0 2,134.1 2,774.9 7,698 1,687.2 853.3 833.9 1,143.1 4,867.7 2,108.8 2,758.9 7,705 1,691.4 857.6 833.8 1,147.3 4,866.2 2,111.3 2,754.9 7,379 1,641.5 813.7 827.8 1,071.8 4,665.8 2,054.0 2,611.8 7,506 1,666.2 843.6 822.6 1,078.2 4,761.4 2,067.2 2,694.2 7,517 1,664.6 843.8 820.8 1,082.5 4,770.3 2,072.5 2,697.8 7,527 1,665.8 846.7 819.1 1,088.5 4,772.2 2,074.7 2,697.5 10 1.2 2.9 -1.7 6.0 1.9 2.2 -0.3 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,774 12,934 12,880 12,820 12,762 12,852 12,847 12,811 8,003 410.0 420.5 377.9 1,475.3 1,126.6 1,059.1 157.2 85.3 8,098 412.0 423.5 379.0 1,486.9 1,139.6 1,093.8 164.1 86.6 8,059 412.5 420.7 377.1 1,477.7 1,127.7 1,091.4 163.8 86.1 8,013 414.2 424.2 374.1 1,478.9 1,125.6 1,091.3 163.7 86.2 8,006 409.2 416.9 377.9 1,476.1 1,130.5 1,059.9 157.2 85.3 8,067 410.1 417.3 378.7 1,482.1 1,135.9 1,089.0 162.6 86.5 8,061 411.2 417.6 377.7 1,480.0 1,131.5 1,092.3 163.4 86.3 8,020 412.6 419.6 374.8 1,481.3 1,130.9 1,092.7 163.6 86.3 -41 1.4 2.0 -2.9 1.3 -0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 369.0 413.5 381.4 427.7 380.1 427.0 378.1 429.5 369.6 414.1 379.7 426.5 380.5 428.2 379.4 430.0 -1.1 1.8 34.1 402.5 1,722.3 1,003.7 394.7 34.0 405.5 1,741.6 992.3 395.9 34.4 402.9 1,738.8 988.7 392.6 33.8 403.1 1,694.4 943.6 391.6 33.7 403.0 1,724.9 1,005.8 394.4 33.7 403.8 1,739.1 991.4 392.6 33.9 402.5 1,737.4 987.9 392.8 33.5 403.3 1,698.3 946.3 391.6 -0.4 0.8 -39.1 -41.6 -1.2 613.8 620.1 617.4 615.8 612.8 618.3 617.8 614.8 -3.0 4,771 1,638.6 112.2 116.0 110.5 367.8 429.5 118.2 841.2 730.4 4,836 1,668.5 112.1 114.3 106.7 370.7 421.9 118.2 859.6 743.9 4,821 1,666.0 111.1 112.8 105.2 369.0 420.5 117.7 858.5 739.2 4,807 1,661.7 110.7 113.6 104.4 369.0 419.4 115.8 858.2 734.3 4,756 1,628.6 111.9 115.8 110.1 369.2 428.7 115.5 842.9 733.1 4,785 1,636.7 111.8 113.4 107.0 370.0 420.2 114.6 857.8 740.9 4,786 1,641.1 111.1 112.5 105.5 369.6 419.5 114.5 860.2 739.2 4,791 1,648.9 110.6 113.4 104.2 370.2 418.2 113.7 861.0 737.3 5 7.8 -0.5 0.9 -1.3 0.6 -1.3 -0.8 0.8 -1.9 306.4 319.8 321.1 319.9 299.8 312.2 313.1 313.8 0.7 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,909 108,503 108,053 108,661 106,474 107,904 108,064 108,221 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,764 27,750 27,698 27,897 27,715 27,809 27,828 27,854 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. -36 5,886.5 3,170.8 2,164.0 5,961.8 3,236.8 2,173.8 5,946.0 3,227.2 2,166.5 5,965.1 3,231.9 2,173.4 5,877.5 3,173.8 2,152.9 5,941.7 3,223.9 2,168.5 5,948.8 3,228.9 2,167.1 5,959.6 3,235.4 2,165.3 157 26 10.8 6.5 -1.8 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Change from: Sept.2019 Oct.2019p Wholesale trade - Continued Electronic markets and agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.7 551.2 552.3 559.8 550.8 549.3 552.8 558.9 6.1 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,796.5 2,035.8 1,306.1 159.1 570.6 486.2 482.5 15,748.6 2,070.1 1,314.0 164.5 591.6 478.3 454.8 15,634.2 2,070.4 1,314.7 163.2 592.5 476.7 456.0 15,771.4 2,066.1 1,312.4 161.1 592.6 486.8 472.7 15,794.4 2,031.8 1,302.6 160.3 568.9 483.5 482.8 15,759.5 2,057.3 1,309.1 158.4 589.9 484.6 462.4 15,766.2 2,061.7 1,310.5 161.2 589.9 484.4 463.4 15,772.3 2,061.0 1,309.1 161.6 590.3 484.8 469.7 6.1 -0.7 -1.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 6.3 1,275.4 3,091.7 1,058.6 935.8 1,339.5 1,316.1 3,133.1 1,034.7 966.4 1,320.7 1,296.0 3,116.3 1,028.8 959.0 1,268.3 1,288.6 3,135.7 1,044.3 962.3 1,280.1 1,300.6 3,089.5 1,061.3 934.1 1,352.3 1,314.9 3,119.8 1,043.6 955.6 1,318.0 1,316.5 3,130.9 1,040.3 956.7 1,305.4 1,313.7 3,136.2 1,045.4 960.5 1,297.7 -2.8 5.3 5.1 3.8 -7.7 559.2 3,109.4 1,149.3 558.3 3,009.1 1,086.8 554.6 3,018.3 1,086.1 560.5 3,072.2 1,124.6 561.4 3,094.8 1,146.5 563.6 3,039.2 1,108.2 562.4 3,050.5 1,113.9 561.2 3,052.9 1,119.2 -1.2 2.4 5.3 1,960.1 838.2 584.2 1,922.3 835.3 571.7 1,932.2 823.9 565.9 1,947.6 829.7 572.4 1,948.3 826.5 575.8 1,931.0 827.2 573.3 1,936.6 824.1 569.9 1,933.6 822.3 566.9 -3.0 -1.8 -3.0 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,527.1 503.4 216.6 65.3 1,518.8 5,484.4 520.1 203.0 67.3 1,537.9 5,567.6 517.5 199.5 65.5 1,528.5 5,611.3 519.7 199.5 64.8 1,529.0 5,488.5 503.7 216.2 64.9 1,502.6 5,555.3 517.4 202.5 64.5 1,516.6 5,561.6 517.7 199.6 64.5 1,512.3 5,571.5 520.7 199.3 64.4 1,513.6 9.9 3.0 -0.3 -0.1 1.3 505.1 48.6 34.5 720.8 729.6 1,184.4 422.0 47.8 45.2 721.5 735.0 1,184.6 503.1 47.7 40.4 722.7 747.6 1,195.1 508.7 47.7 35.4 728.9 764.5 1,213.1 486.9 48.7 33.4 716.7 744.2 1,171.2 483.8 47.7 34.7 720.4 773.0 1,194.7 489.0 47.6 34.5 723.2 776.1 1,197.1 490.1 47.6 34.7 725.0 778.5 1,197.6 1.1 0.0 0.2 1.8 2.4 0.5 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553.8 555.0 549.9 549.3 554.5 552.9 551.6 550.2 -1.4 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,839 734.5 2,849 746.9 2,822 748.0 2,831 747.4 2,832 732.9 2,822 742.5 2,826 744.8 2,822 745.5 -4 0.7 445.7 271.0 741.3 439.2 266.6 713.9 424.7 268.3 704.2 430.0 270.1 702.9 441.0 269.5 742.6 424.6 267.7 711.4 429.2 267.3 706.0 422.9 268.3 704.7 -6.3 1.0 -1.3 331.7 314.7 338.9 343.2 337.2 339.8 339.4 341.3 331.4 315.0 336.8 339.1 337.6 340.8 338.2 342.0 0.6 1.2 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . Activities related to credit intermediation.. . Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,618 6,328.6 19.6 8,761 6,387.1 19.6 8,708 6,363.5 19.4 8,732 6,379.9 19.4 8,611 6,328.0 19.6 8,695 6,362.4 19.5 8,703 6,369.7 19.5 8,719 6,375.6 19.4 16 5.9 -0.1 2,646.1 1,709.7 1,312.9 626.0 310.4 2,649.5 1,718.7 1,312.8 624.9 305.9 2,638.3 1,709.2 1,305.0 624.5 304.6 2,646.5 1,709.2 1,303.7 626.7 310.6 2,649.5 1,715.7 1,317.8 624.0 309.8 2,638.2 1,712.5 1,308.7 619.4 306.2 2,640.8 1,714.7 1,309.5 620.5 305.7 2,646.3 1,714.2 1,308.1 622.4 309.7 5.5 -0.5 -1.4 1.9 4.0 961.9 2,701.0 2,289.8 1,684.1 985.2 2,732.8 2,374.3 1,740.8 974.4 2,731.4 2,344.4 1,718.9 976.9 2,737.1 2,352.5 1,731.4 961.1 2,697.8 2,282.7 1,678.3 975.8 2,728.9 2,332.1 1,717.4 975.9 2,733.5 2,333.7 1,716.7 976.4 2,733.5 2,343.3 1,724.1 0.5 0.0 9.6 7.4 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Change from: Sept.2019 Oct.2019p Real estate and rental and leasing Continued Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 582.1 23.6 609.9 23.6 602.5 23.0 598.0 23.1 580.8 23.6 591.6 23.1 593.9 23.1 596.2 23.0 2.3 -0.1 Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific research and development services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other professional and technical services. . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel arrangement and reservation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,397 9,385.2 1,145.6 974.2 1,498.0 145.8 21,668 9,629.6 1,148.6 1,003.0 1,540.4 148.7 21,637 9,558.9 1,142.4 993.4 1,525.0 150.3 21,812 9,656.4 1,151.4 1,009.6 1,533.8 153.2 21,183 9,387.8 1,142.7 1,023.3 1,489.7 144.3 21,526 9,631.8 1,148.4 1,057.2 1,520.9 149.3 21,563 9,642.9 1,147.6 1,058.3 1,522.9 150.5 21,585 9,659.4 1,147.9 1,060.1 1,525.4 151.8 22 16.5 0.3 1.8 2.5 1.3 2,158.5 2,241.6 2,217.5 2,245.2 2,146.6 2,229.6 2,228.9 2,233.4 4.5 1,516.6 1,550.0 1,545.8 1,570.4 1,502.2 1,542.4 1,547.3 1,554.5 7.2 702.3 490.8 753.4 2,388.3 9,623.3 9,177.8 520.0 156.2 3,850.4 3,169.9 913.4 738.6 491.1 767.6 2,438.0 9,600.7 9,132.5 532.8 159.0 3,727.6 3,033.8 876.9 733.0 488.0 763.5 2,426.8 9,651.7 9,185.9 530.1 157.6 3,816.4 3,114.6 883.7 735.3 492.8 764.7 2,425.8 9,730.0 9,263.4 534.2 158.5 3,883.6 3,173.0 894.4 703.9 488.9 746.1 2,391.2 9,404.0 8,959.8 519.2 154.9 3,712.1 3,045.0 899.0 732.5 489.4 762.3 2,426.5 9,467.9 9,006.2 531.6 157.5 3,716.3 3,028.4 887.2 735.4 489.7 762.2 2,430.0 9,489.9 9,026.7 531.1 156.2 3,740.5 3,048.5 884.2 736.9 490.9 758.5 2,428.0 9,497.6 9,032.6 533.4 157.2 3,736.8 3,040.4 880.3 1.5 1.2 -3.7 -2.0 7.7 5.9 2.3 1.0 -3.7 -8.1 -3.9 220.0 954.1 2,229.6 334.1 219.6 960.1 2,316.0 340.5 216.4 958.5 2,278.4 344.8 217.1 964.1 2,264.9 346.6 220.2 949.1 2,175.8 329.5 216.6 954.9 2,203.2 339.0 215.5 951.1 2,206.1 342.0 216.4 957.4 2,209.2 341.9 0.9 6.3 3.1 -0.1 445.5 468.2 465.8 466.6 444.2 461.7 463.2 465.0 1.8 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . Community care facilities for the elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,018 3,899.7 20,118.2 16,136.6 7,576.5 2,642.1 965.2 945.1 944.4 281.8 1,493.3 24,067 3,523.3 20,543.6 16,478.2 7,800.7 2,693.5 990.5 977.2 974.9 292.8 1,558.5 24,343 3,795.4 20,548.0 16,475.0 7,802.3 2,694.2 983.0 976.2 975.2 294.2 1,561.8 24,662 4,000.9 20,660.6 16,533.7 7,842.6 2,706.8 981.7 985.4 982.2 298.1 1,571.4 23,816 3,739.2 20,076.6 16,101.3 7,548.2 2,631.9 962.3 943.0 943.8 281.1 1,485.2 24,363 3,824.6 20,538.2 16,451.2 7,791.9 2,692.7 986.1 975.0 975.3 293.5 1,556.0 24,412 3,829.0 20,583.0 16,488.8 7,815.7 2,699.8 985.3 981.2 978.8 294.3 1,560.9 24,451 3,833.9 20,617.2 16,503.4 7,823.5 2,699.1 981.7 983.6 982.2 297.3 1,565.1 39 4.9 34.2 14.6 7.8 -0.7 -3.6 2.4 3.4 3.0 4.2 304.6 5,185.3 3,374.8 1,608.9 645.7 313.3 5,261.6 3,415.9 1,615.6 656.1 317.7 5,270.0 3,402.7 1,610.2 652.9 317.0 5,277.8 3,413.3 1,609.8 655.1 300.9 5,179.3 3,373.8 1,607.6 646.8 313.4 5,258.6 3,400.7 1,608.2 654.2 315.4 5,268.5 3,404.6 1,609.4 654.4 314.6 5,270.6 3,409.3 1,608.1 655.7 -0.8 2.1 4.7 -1.3 1.3 952.6 167.6 3,981.6 2,493.3 176.6 331.1 980.6 972.6 171.6 4,065.4 2,589.6 178.1 329.6 968.1 968.0 171.6 4,073.0 2,570.0 178.6 326.0 998.4 976.6 171.8 4,126.9 2,608.8 178.3 329.8 1,010.0 951.9 167.5 3,975.3 2,496.5 177.5 331.6 969.8 968.2 170.1 4,087.0 2,586.6 178.1 326.1 996.0 969.4 171.4 4,094.2 2,589.8 178.9 327.5 997.9 974.0 171.6 4,113.8 2,607.0 178.6 329.8 998.4 4.6 0.2 19.6 17.2 -0.3 2.3 0.5 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 16,402 2,392.6 538.3 17,416 2,750.5 538.7 16,909 2,518.0 535.4 16,781 2,444.5 521.9 16,450 2,430.3 527.2 16,738 2,456.3 512.9 16,783 2,478.2 521.4 16,844 2,485.4 511.6 61 7.2 -9.8 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Change from: Sept.2019 Oct.2019p Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 172.9 1,681.4 14,009.7 2,019.3 11,990.4 187.9 2,023.9 14,665.2 2,196.3 12,468.9 177.2 1,805.4 14,390.9 2,091.4 12,299.5 178.0 1,744.6 14,336.0 2,043.6 12,292.4 172.3 1,730.8 14,019.4 2,032.4 11,987.0 175.5 1,767.9 14,281.9 2,053.3 12,228.6 175.7 1,781.1 14,305.0 2,051.7 12,253.3 177.6 1,796.2 14,358.2 2,057.4 12,300.8 1.9 15.1 53.2 5.7 47.5 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . 5,871 1,338.7 1,527.5 3,004.5 5,992 1,370.8 1,540.1 3,081.2 5,936 1,368.3 1,536.1 3,031.2 5,946 1,372.9 1,537.7 3,035.6 5,867 1,337.4 1,523.0 3,006.2 5,951 1,367.8 1,533.6 3,050.0 5,949 1,368.2 1,536.4 3,044.1 5,946 1,370.8 1,534.4 3,040.9 -3 2.6 -2.0 -3.2 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 22,852 2,798.0 2,194.1 604.0 5,350.0 2,661.4 2,688.5 14,704.0 8,224.8 6,478.9 21,652 2,854.0 2,249.7 604.7 4,925.0 2,200.7 2,724.1 13,873.0 7,128.8 6,744.2 22,630 2,846.0 2,243.0 603.3 5,248.0 2,536.4 2,711.6 14,536.0 7,972.7 6,563.2 23,021 2,827.0 2,223.8 603.3 5,349.0 2,638.9 2,709.7 14,845.0 8,316.3 6,528.8 22,486 2,798.0 2,193.3 604.9 5,197.0 2,501.8 2,695.2 14,491.0 7,969.5 6,521.0 22,629 2,844.0 2,236.9 607.1 5,191.0 2,484.7 2,706.4 14,594.0 8,032.3 6,561.6 22,642 2,844.0 2,238.0 606.2 5,186.0 2,475.7 2,709.9 14,612.0 8,040.0 6,571.8 22,639 2,827.0 2,221.0 606.0 5,189.0 2,473.9 2,714.7 14,623.0 8,049.7 6,573.7 -3 -17.0 -17.0 -0.2 3.0 -1.8 4.8 11.0 9.7 1.9 Industry Arts, entertainment, and recreation Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.5 40.3 46.1 38.8 40.8 41.2 40.1 33.3 34.4 38.9 30.8 39.0 42.1 36.2 37.8 36.2 32.9 26.1 31.9 34.4 40.3 46.3 39.4 40.5 41.0 39.7 33.2 34.1 38.9 30.6 38.3 42.3 36.4 37.7 36.2 33.0 25.9 31.8 34.4 40.5 46.3 39.8 40.5 40.9 39.8 33.2 34.2 38.9 30.7 38.5 42.1 36.5 37.5 36.1 33.0 25.8 31.8 34.4 40.2 46.4 39.3 40.3 40.8 39.6 33.2 34.2 38.9 30.6 38.6 42.1 36.4 37.6 36.2 33.0 25.8 31.8 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 Industry p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $27.35 28.43 32.72 30.23 27.16 28.57 24.73 27.10 23.58 30.73 19.02 24.42 40.97 40.68 34.96 32.89 27.22 16.14 24.74 $28.11 29.14 34.30 30.84 27.83 29.27 25.33 27.87 24.40 31.72 19.78 24.98 42.02 42.60 36.20 33.82 27.64 16.61 25.07 $28.12 29.21 34.58 30.84 27.91 29.38 25.37 27.86 24.38 31.60 19.83 24.99 41.83 42.08 36.09 33.88 27.65 16.67 25.09 $28.18 29.28 35.03 30.95 27.94 29.40 25.44 27.92 24.42 31.68 19.85 24.99 41.62 42.23 36.23 34.00 27.67 16.69 25.18 $943.58 1,145.73 1,508.39 1,172.92 1,108.13 1,177.08 991.67 902.43 811.15 1,195.40 585.82 952.38 1,724.84 1,472.62 1,321.49 1,190.62 895.54 421.25 789.21 $966.98 1,174.34 1,588.09 1,215.10 1,127.12 1,200.07 1,005.60 925.28 832.04 1,233.91 605.27 956.73 1,777.45 1,550.64 1,364.74 1,224.28 912.12 430.20 797.23 $967.33 1,183.01 1,601.05 1,227.43 1,130.36 1,201.64 1,009.73 924.95 833.80 1,229.24 608.78 962.12 1,761.04 1,535.92 1,353.38 1,223.07 912.45 430.09 797.86 $969.39 1,177.06 1,625.39 1,216.34 1,125.98 1,199.52 1,007.42 926.94 835.16 1,232.35 607.41 964.61 1,752.20 1,537.17 1,362.25 1,230.80 913.11 430.60 800.72 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Percent change from: Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.3 95.9 108.8 98.7 93.7 92.9 95.2 114.1 104.0 100.9 98.8 122.3 101.0 93.6 106.6 120.2 127.9 122.5 107.9 111.4 96.9 108.5 101.9 93.6 93.1 94.8 115.3 103.4 102.0 97.9 121.6 101.2 93.8 107.4 122.2 131.3 123.7 109.1 111.5 97.4 108.7 103.1 93.6 92.8 95.1 115.4 103.8 102.1 98.3 122.4 100.5 94.2 106.9 122.1 131.5 123.5 109.1 111.6 96.6 108.9 102.0 92.9 92.1 94.7 115.6 103.9 102.3 98.0 122.9 100.2 93.8 107.4 122.5 131.8 124.0 109.0 0.1 -0.8 0.2 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.1 1 Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Percent change from: Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019p 144.2 123.3 142.9 129.6 118.3 117.8 119.5 150.2 132.1 129.6 124.2 151.6 136.7 135.6 145.4 160.1 167.5 159.5 146.3 149.7 127.6 149.5 136.6 121.2 121.0 121.9 156.1 136.0 135.3 128.0 154.1 140.5 142.3 151.6 167.3 174.6 165.8 149.9 149.9 128.6 150.9 138.2 121.5 121.1 122.4 156.3 136.4 134.9 128.8 155.1 138.9 141.1 150.5 167.4 175.0 166.2 150.0 150.4 127.8 153.2 137.1 120.7 120.3 122.2 156.8 136.7 135.5 128.6 155.8 137.8 141.1 151.7 168.7 175.4 167.0 150.5 0.3 -0.6 1.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.8 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 74,480 61,514 4,637 94 950 3,593 1,907 1,686 56,877 11,104 1,760.1 7,842.5 1,371.6 129.3 1,117 4,871 9,620 18,375 8,666 3,124 12,966 75,668 62,600 4,724 100 977 3,647 1,942 1,705 57,876 11,151 1,787.5 7,809.2 1,421.1 132.8 1,130 4,903 9,809 18,827 8,878 3,178 13,068 75,818 62,744 4,733 102 976 3,655 1,942 1,713 58,011 11,166 1,795.9 7,812.7 1,425.5 132.3 1,128 4,909 9,849 18,869 8,917 3,173 13,074 75,891 62,818 4,732 101 980 3,651 1,936 1,715 58,086 11,168 1,792.0 7,813.0 1,430.7 132.2 1,127 4,911 9,844 18,911 8,953 3,172 13,073 49.7 48.3 22.2 12.5 12.9 28.2 23.8 35.4 53.4 40.1 29.9 49.7 25.0 23.3 39.4 56.6 45.4 77.2 52.7 53.2 57.7 49.9 48.5 22.4 13.4 13.0 28.4 24.1 35.6 53.6 40.1 30.1 49.6 25.6 24.0 40.0 56.4 45.6 77.3 53.0 53.4 57.7 49.9 48.6 22.4 13.7 13.0 28.5 24.1 35.8 53.7 40.1 30.2 49.6 25.6 24.0 39.9 56.4 45.7 77.3 53.1 53.3 57.7 49.9 48.6 22.4 13.5 13.0 28.5 24.1 35.8 53.7 40.1 30.1 49.5 25.7 24.0 39.9 56.3 45.6 77.3 53.2 53.3 57.7 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 104,921 14,998 562 5,492 8,944 5,507 3,437 89,923 23,445 4,716.1 13,487.9 4,795.7 445.2 2,282 6,669 17,294 20,914 14,459 4,860 106,176 15,104 544 5,592 8,968 5,550 3,418 91,072 23,524 4,768.0 13,448.6 4,863.7 443.7 2,277 6,726 17,504 21,401 14,717 4,923 106,277 15,103 541 5,601 8,961 5,537 3,424 91,174 23,539 4,770.5 13,461.6 4,864.0 442.9 2,276 6,729 17,528 21,441 14,742 4,919 106,351 15,076 544 5,607 8,925 5,495 3,430 91,275 23,536 4,769.7 13,464.3 4,861.6 440.7 2,268 6,742 17,555 21,474 14,783 4,917 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 33.7 41.2 46.4 39.4 42.1 42.5 41.4 32.5 33.9 38.8 30.4 38.3 42.6 35.5 37.1 35.4 32.2 24.8 30.9 33.6 41.1 47.4 39.9 41.5 41.9 40.9 32.4 33.8 38.7 30.3 37.9 42.7 35.2 36.8 35.6 32.2 24.6 30.8 33.6 41.2 47.3 40.2 41.5 41.9 40.9 32.3 33.8 38.7 30.3 37.9 42.2 35.5 36.9 35.4 32.1 24.6 30.7 33.6 41.0 48.0 39.7 41.4 41.7 40.9 32.3 33.8 38.7 30.3 38.0 42.7 35.2 36.9 35.4 32.2 24.6 30.7 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $22.90 24.21 28.79 28.05 21.69 22.63 20.13 22.62 20.10 25.50 16.06 21.99 36.98 32.37 26.94 27.00 23.79 14.04 20.95 $23.60 24.83 30.25 28.55 22.22 23.11 20.75 23.35 20.79 26.34 16.71 22.59 37.00 34.01 27.83 27.94 24.38 14.54 21.27 $23.66 24.89 30.64 28.58 22.27 23.20 20.73 23.39 20.77 26.29 16.73 22.56 36.95 34.32 27.85 28.01 24.46 14.62 21.28 $23.70 24.94 31.24 28.62 22.28 23.21 20.76 23.44 20.79 26.41 16.73 22.50 36.81 34.37 27.93 28.14 24.50 14.65 21.29 $771.73 997.45 1,335.86 1,105.17 913.15 961.78 833.38 735.15 681.39 989.40 488.22 842.22 1,575.35 1,149.14 999.47 955.80 766.04 348.19 647.36 $792.96 1,020.51 1,433.85 1,139.15 922.13 968.31 848.68 756.54 702.70 1,019.36 506.31 856.16 1,579.90 1,197.15 1,024.14 994.66 785.04 357.68 655.12 $794.98 1,025.47 1,449.27 1,148.92 924.21 972.08 847.86 755.50 702.03 1,017.42 506.92 855.02 1,559.29 1,218.36 1,027.67 991.55 785.17 359.65 653.30 $796.32 1,022.54 1,499.52 1,136.21 922.39 967.86 849.08 757.11 702.70 1,022.07 506.92 855.00 1,571.79 1,209.82 1,030.62 996.16 788.90 360.39 653.60 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Percent change from: Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 94.4 138.6 108.3 86.4 87.9 83.8 124.5 111.0 108.6 103.8 138.2 97.0 92.5 116.5 136.9 143.6 131.3 105.3 118.9 94.9 137.0 111.7 85.4 87.4 82.4 125.7 111.0 109.5 103.1 138.6 96.9 91.5 116.5 139.3 146.9 132.6 106.3 119.0 95.1 136.0 112.7 85.4 87.2 82.5 125.4 111.1 109.6 103.2 138.7 95.6 92.2 116.9 138.7 146.7 132.8 105.9 119.1 94.5 138.8 111.5 84.8 86.1 82.7 125.6 111.1 109.6 103.2 139.0 96.2 91.1 117.1 138.9 147.4 133.2 105.9 0.1 -0.6 2.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.6 -1.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.0 1 Oct. 2018 Aug. 2019 Sept. 2019p Oct. 2019p Percent change from: Sept. 2019 Oct. 2019p 180.3 140.0 232.0 164.1 122.6 124.2 119.3 193.1 159.3 163.5 142.8 192.7 149.7 148.2 193.0 219.8 225.5 209.4 160.8 187.5 144.2 241.1 172.2 124.1 126.0 120.8 201.2 164.8 170.3 147.7 198.6 149.6 154.0 199.5 231.5 236.4 219.0 164.8 188.1 144.9 242.3 174.0 124.3 126.2 120.9 201.2 164.7 170.0 148.0 198.4 147.4 156.7 200.3 231.1 236.9 220.6 164.2 188.6 144.2 252.1 172.2 123.6 124.7 121.3 201.8 164.9 170.8 148.0 198.3 147.9 155.0 201.2 232.5 238.4 221.6 164.2 0.3 -0.5 4.0 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -1.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.0 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
@FedFRASER