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A Statistical Analysis of N O N - FAMILY ON RELIEF In St. Louis 1925 to 1936 St* Louis Bureau for Men St, Louis, Missouri M EN A Statistical Analysis of N O N - FAMILY ON RE.LI E F In St. Louis 1925 to 1936 .St. Louis Bureau for Men St. Louis, Missouri ME N Issued by St. Louis Bureau for Men (Formerly Bureau for Homeless Men) 204 a North Eighteenth St St. Louis, Missouri September 1937 FOREWORD For tho past twolvo years the St. Louis Bureau for Men has boon tho covering private agency in tho field of non-family men and boys in St. Louis* During that period it has collectod a largo body of statistical information, information which horotoforo has boon filed in numerous places* This pamphlot is boing issuod for tho purpose of collecting all such information into ono easily accessiblo volumo for handy roforoncc by any person or organization intcrostod. It covers tho twelve year period from 1925 to 1936 inclusivo, showing tho sizo of tho problem boforo the depression, tho speed with which roliof rolls accumulated, and tho slovmoss with which thoy receded. Covering as it does tho entiro period of tho depression, it should have some value as reference material - a value which -Bill increase with the years * While tho statistics aro local in coverage, thoy hold many implications for similar agencies in othor citios;, ospocsially those of comparable size* No attompt has boon made to point those implications - wo have moroly given tho figures and paintod tho background so that each porson may draw his own conclusions* Provious Publications of tho St. Louis Bureau for Men 1, Caso Work With Homoloss Men and'Boys A pamphlet by Isaac Gurman, A«st. Socy. of tho Bureau, written I r ..#to acquaint tho student social v/orkor and those actually practicing social case work with the problem of tho homeless man and boy" 45 pp 2« Intor-Gity Records Speak A report of tho study of i n t o r - c i t y inquirios received by tho St. Louis Roliof Administration during tho month of October, 1935, i n tho c l o s ing days of tho Fodoral Transient Program 58 pp 3 . Street Begging; in S t . Loui3 An h i s t o r i c a l summary of anti-bogging work in St. Louis and a report of a Pact-Finding Survey of Street Bogging mado during Novombor and December, 1936 50 pp 4» Non-Family Boys on Roliof A study of non-fanily boys, aged 16 to 21, inclusive, on reliof in St» Louis prior to August 31, 1933 36 pp (Any of these pamphlets will bo sent freo upon request while tho supply lasts.)' TABLE OF CONTENTS Title An Historical Summary Table I - N o . Men Receiving relief Table II - Analysis of Intake Table III - Ho. Different Men Chart I - No. Different Men Helped Each Year - Under Care Cases Only Chart II - No. Different Men Helped Each Year - Under Care & Minor Cases Chart III - No. New lien Added Each Year Chart IV - Average Tenure of Under Care Cases Table IV - Average Relief Per Case Table V - Race A. Percentage of Negroes in New Intake B» Percentage of Negroes in Total Active Cases Table VI - Ago A. Porcentago in Various Ago Groups in New Intake B. Percontago of Active Cases 60 Yrs, Old and Ovor C« Number and Porcontago in Various Ago Groups in October, 1933 D» Number and Porcontago in Various Ago Groups in August, 1934 Tablo VII - Typos of Roliof A. Hoals or Food B. Rooms or Lodging Chart V - Percentage Distribution by Census Districts of Non-Family Men on Roliof Page 1 6 13 19 20 21 22 23 24 27 30 32 33 36 37 38 39 41 1. AN HISTORICAL SURVEY An historical ciated agencies is behind the various especially as they agency changes. summary of the Bureau and its assonecessary to paint the background changes and fluctuations of figures, were caused by organization and Prior to 1925, unattached men, both transient and resident,were cared for by a special department of the St. Louis Provident Association, a private agency covering the field of general relief and case work service to families. Relief giving to unattached men consisted largely of work tickets to a woodyard and similar projects. All such relief was on a day-to-day basis. In 1912, a Municipal Lodging House was opened, largely as a rosult of the offorts of city officials and a few other interested citizens. This lodge was operatod annually from October or November to April or May, dopending on the weathor. It originally had a capacity of 200 mon. This was gradually increased until it reached a maximum of 1,375 in 1933. Norther of those projects offored any case work sorvico to their clients. Tho Bureau for Homeless Mon began its oxistonce in 1925, February 15th to bo exact. For the first year it functioned as a dopartraont of tho Community Council, under a spocial allotment from tho Community Fund, while a study was boing made of methods of caro for unattached mon and of tho feasibility of establishing a soparato agency as a pormanont part of tho St. Louis caso work sot-up. It was tho boliof of tho foundors that caso work with homeless mon would M pay M » Tho purpose, as statod in one of tho early reports was to "centralize reliof for those mon in ono place in the city of St. Louis and to caro for thoir individual needs according to tho typo of service best adaptod to the individual." So satisfying wore the results that 2. tho Bureau was established in 1926 as a soparato agoncy known as tho Buroau for Homoless Men. In 1928 it was incorporated undor that name. In tho fall of 1930 tho incroaso in roliof loads had exhaustod tho availablo privato agoncy funds and a special campaign was put on. In the spring of 1931 tho Mayor appointed tho CitizOns1 Committee on Roliof and Employment to arrange machinory for mooting tho roliof omorgency and coordinato the work of oxisting agoncios. City funds(horotoforo thoro had boon no public outdoor relief in St. Louis) wore allottod through this committoo to various privato agencies on a reimbursement basis; tho Buroau was chosen as tho Committoo's roprosentativo to handle all work with unattachod mon and boys. Following is a chronological account of various organizational changes made in tho last five yoars: December. 1930 - A Branch Offico was oponod. Prior to this time tho only offices of tho Buroau wore in tho Municipal Lodging House and tho Branch Offico was sot up to caro for those mon who, it was boliovod, would not ask for relief because of offico surroundings. February. 1932 - Because of a shortago of privato rolief funds, intake in all of tho Citizons1 Committee agoncies was cut off and caso loads woro arbitrarily roducod by elimination of all employable persons. This crisis poriod lasted approximately two wooks, Fobruary. 1932 - Ozanara Shelter for Mon was oponod by tho St. Vincent do Paul Society in tho old Mullanphy Hospital building. All mon accoptod wore roforrod by tho Buroau and caso figuros woro countod as part of the Bureau total. This sholtor first oporatod on a special fund of the St. Vincent do Paul Society. This fund was soon exhausted and all oxpondituros woro thon roimibursod by the Buroau. A branch offico of the Buroau was 3. maintained at tho Shorter. Juno9 1932 - A financial crisis similar to that of Fobruary was roachod and tho samo steps wore taken. October, 1932 - All officos of the Buroau were combined and moved to a now location, separate from the Municipal Lodging Houso. A centralizod intake offico was established, case loads wore divided into Mass Treatment, Sholtcr Caro, and Caso Work loads, and various changos nadc in accounting and statistical procedures. November, 1932 - A Cafeteria foeding approxiaatcly 2,000 mon por meal was opened, thus partially eliminating tho former oxponsivo and "attractive" systom of meal tickets on commorcial restaurants. Most of tho mon oating at tho Cafeteria woro lodging in rooming houses in tho central portion of the city. Fobruary, 1933 - A Work Program requiring ovory man to v7ork for relief rocoivod was inaugurated. „ Ken received a crodit of $3 toward past roliof and 25/ in cash for every day workod. Mon v/ith no mailing addressos or who rocoivod incidental service rcliof only, workod in advance at tho rate of 40^ an hour. April, 1933 - The Municipal Lodging Houso was takon ovor by tho Bureau on April 1. All men thon staying in tho Lodging Houso woro absorbed as part of tho undor caro case load and all subsoquont applications for caro were routod through tho Intake Department of tho Buroau. Spocial caso workers woro assigned to tho Lodging Houso, which had had no previous caso work service,, to attempt to reduce the load. April, 1933 - A Boys' Lodge with a capacity of 40 was opened to care for white, transient boys on a short time basis. 4. August, 1933 - Municipal Lodging House was closed and building vacated preparatory to wrecking. For the next four months no shelter care other than Ozanam Shelter was available in the city, September, 1933 - In line with the Federal Emergency Relief Administration policy that all federal funds must be administered through public agencies, the St. Louis Relief Administration was formed to take over the public portion of the work of the Citizens' Committee on Relief and Employment. The case load of the Bureau was divided into public and private agency loads and all physical facilitios were taken over by the public agency, which became "Unit F" and later the "Men's Unit" of the St. Louis Relief Administration. Offices of the Bureau and Unit F were maintained in the same building under the supervision of the same executive and the work was closely coordinated. December, 1933 - Chestnut Lodge, successor to tho Municipal Lodging House, was opened with a capacity roduced from 1,375 to 750. December, 1933 - The Civil V/orks Program (CWA) was inaugurated at this timo. This stimulated intake because of the dosiro to "got on roliof" and so become oligiblo for work, Soptombor, 1934 - A camp for rosidont boys was opened approximately 40 miles from tho city. It had a capacity of 45. The boys worked 30 hours a wook on various projects and received full maintenance and 5C/ a wook spending money. An oducational and training program was also operated with the intention of kooping tho boys throe to four months in. camp and then placing thorn on a job in tho city. Camp was closed in October, 1935, because of lack of sufficient boys to koop it filled to capacity. L93K - The Buroau and the Men's Unit of tho Relief Administration woro separatod and tho Men's Unit was combinod with tho local offico of tho Stato Transiont Dopartmont. This combination was lator taken over by the St. Louis Rolief Administration. Novombor« 1935 - Application and Intake Sorvico in tho Men's Unit was combinod with tho Application Sorvico of tho Family Division of tho Roliof Administration. Decomborj 1935 - Tho Y/.P.A. program was opened and during t h i s and tho following month absorbed approximately 2,400 of tho non-family mon, Fobruary. 1936 " Fodoral and Stato funds wore no longor availablo for roliof and tho S t . Louis Roliof Administration was forced to oporato on city funds only. During t h i s and tho following months a l l omployablo mon woro removed from rolief r o l l s and drastic intake policies placed into effoct. 6. TABLE I THE NUMBER OF MEN RECEIVIN5 RELIEF Definitions "Total Active Cases" - Tho total number of casos upon which sorvico or roliof of ono kind or anothor was given during tho month. "Under Caro Cases" - Casos for which tho agency accoptod full responsibility for sorvico and roliof» "Minor Sorvico Cases" - Thoso casos accoptod for short timo or incidontal sorvico only. Total Active Casos Date 1925 Jan Fob Mar Apr May June July Aug Sopt Oct Nov Doc # 414 553 357 214 190 223 237 # 304 333 354 Undor Caro Cases Minor Sorvice Cases a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a L926 Dtvto Jan Fob Mar Apr May June July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc L927 Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc L928 Jon Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Total Activo Caaos 391 347 368 264 217 208 205 160 190 224 415 377 343 314 387 391 295 226 184 257 238 327 384 383 391 405 381 310 293 255 197 233 258 337 309 343 Under Cnro Cases u Minor Sorvico Casos a. a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a n a a a a a a a a a a a a - a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 8. 1929 Total Active Cases Undor Carp Cases Minor Service Casos 449 282 Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 446 375 313 248 ?08 161 211 214 360 494 486 293 267 250 210 173 126 158 145 238 315 345 167 153 108 63 38 35 35 53 69 122 179 141 Jan 589 Dato Jan Fob Mir Apr May Juno July 1930 Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sep Oct Nov Doc 1931 Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Dec 394 384 372 299 322 243 215 291 447 478 782 """~ " 355 258 271 278 239 257 203 181 236 314 335 479 1,338 1,512 1,682 1,496 1,547 ~"98T 1,172 1,336 1,245 1,247 973 805 857 864 711 782 923 1,015 1,713 1,754 2,933 1,571 1,628 2,650 "" 234"" 136 113 94 60 65 40 34 55 133 143 303(b) ' "35T~ 340 346 251 300 109 94 75 92 142 126 283 1932 Date Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 1933 Jan Fob Mir Apr Ifay Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 1934 Jan Fob Ifer Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Total Active Casos 3,573 3,342 4,551 4,702 5,138 4,741 4,951 6,853 7,310 7,124 7,301 7,475 6,832 6,413 6,938 7,745 7,378 7,711 6,854 6,240 5,607 6,159 6,887 8,357 6,544 6,401 7,173 7,194 7,134 6,451 6,943 7,263 7,467 7,383 7,308 7,520 Undor Caro Casos 2,917 2*098 3,985 4,270 4,772 4,567 4,577 6,210 6,797 6,880 6,749 6,743 . _....g.^_...5,945 6,053 6,648 6,269 5,773 5,117 4,790 4,378 4,594 5,234 6*271 "4,912 5,168 5,608 5,530 5,331 5,180 5,425 5,350 5,225 5,248 5,311 5,683 Minor Sorvico Casos 656 434 566 Id) (o) 432 366 174 374 643 513 255 552 (o) (t) (g) 732 ""386 468 885 <b) 1,097 (i) 1,109 1,938 1,737 1,450 1,229 1,565 1,653 21086 1,632 1,233 1,565 1,664 1,703 1,271 1,518 1,913 2,242 2,135 1,997 1,837 (j) (J) (j) (J) (k) (1) 10. 1935 Date Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 19'36 Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Total Active Cases # # T § # if w # # # #I t i i ft i Undor Caro. Casos 5,618 5,532 5,414 5,038 4,963 4,428 4,382 4,446 Minor Sorvico Casos ff # ff ff ff ff ff # ff 4,534 4,346 4,039 2,414 2,533 2,567 2,224 1,818 1,977 1,818 1,453 1,484 1,631 1.750 1,933 ff I (n) # S Co) ff J # # ff Explanatory Notes § Figures not available for thoso months. (a) No differentiation botwoon under care and minor cases v/as niado u n t i l 1929. Aft or t h i s date the Russoll Sago System of r o porting was adopted and i t s definitions folloitrod. (b) Prior to December, 1930, tho only offices of the Bureau wcro in tho Municipal Lodging House. In t h i s month, howovor, a Branch Office was openod to caro for thoso men 11, (c) (d) (0) (f) (g) (h) (1) i t was believed, would not ask for relief because of the surroundings. No contralizod intake systora was ostablishod. The Citizens' Comraittoe on Roliof and Einploymont was formod to coordinate existing- agoncios and to oxpond public funds thru these agencios in order to care for the unprocodonted roliof loada Tho Buroau was appointed tho official agency to euro for non~family mon. Ozanan S holt or, op or at od by tho St.Vincent do Paul Socioty with a l l oxpondituros roimbursod by tho Buroaujwas oponod. All mon woro roforrod from tho Buroau and a l l case figuros wcro countod as a part of tho Bureau t o t a l . A financial crisis was roachod in tho affairs of tho Citizens' Committee. All intake was stopped and case loads drastically reduced by cutting off roliof to a l l oraployablo men. In both poriods additional funds wore received after a lapse of about two wooks. All of fie os of tho Buroau wore combined in or.o building and a contralizod intako department ostablishod. A Cafotoria f fcoding approximately 2,000mon per moal, was oponod thus partially eliminating tho oxponsivo and "attractivo" system of moal tickots on connorcial rostaurants. A Work Program, roquiring ovory man to work in r o turn for roliof roccivod, v/as inauguratod. Mon roccived a credit of $3 toward past relief and 25/ in cash for ovory day worked* Tho Municipal Lodging Houso v/as taken ovor by tho Bureau on April 1. All mon thon staying in tho Lodgo wore absorbed as .part of tho under caro case load, and a l l sub3oquont applications for caro woro routed through tho Intako Dopt. of tho Buroau. This also incroasod tho nurabor of minor sorvice cases, as a l l "one night mon11 woro of t h i s typo. 12. (j) The Municipal Lodge was closed and the building vacated preparatory to wrecking. For these four months no lodging house other than Ozanam Shelter was open (k) The Chestnut Street Lodge, replacing the old MMuny", was opened. The Civil Works Program (CWA) was also inaugurated in this month. This latter stimulated intake because of a desire to "get on relief" and so become eligible for work. (l) i A careful study of applications in this month showed that the extremo heat and consequent cessation of odd jobs caused the unusual increase in the relief rolls. (m) The Men's Unit of the Relief Administration and the Transient Bureau were combined for administrative purposes. (n) The Intake Department of the Men's Unit was absorbed by the Application Department of the Relief Administration. (o) During this and the previous month, approximately 2,400 unattachod men woro absorbed from tho relief rolls by tho Works Progress Administration projects. (p) Federal and Stato funds wero no longer available for relief and arbitrary reductions were mado in tho rolls by rofusing furthor rolief to all employable men. Moro drastic intako policios were also put into offoct in this and later months* 13. TABLE II AN ANALYSIS OF INTAKE Dofinitions "Intake" "Now" — "Old" - — Casos accopted for full care. Cases aovor before known to the agency* Cases previously known to tho agoncy,but closed prior to tho current year. "Rocurront"-Casos previously known to tho agency and last closed during the curront year* Total Intake New Gases Old and Recurront Aug Sep Oct Nov Doc 414 438 267 156 146 177 193 # 254 236 259 414 438 254 133 122 154 158 # 196 188 209 Jan 288 220 Fob 232 255 179 156 136 128 104 142 187 183 137 109 86 97 78 103 126 234 189 0 0 13 23 24 23 35 # 58 48 40 68 45 72 42 47 50 31 26 39 48 96 82 Dato 1925 Fob Mar Apr May Juno July 1926 Mir Apr Hay Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 174 330 271 14. Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 192B Jan Feb Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sep Oct Nov Doc 1929""jaS Feb liar Apr May Juno July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Intake 2.21 181 261 251 185 136 106 186 152 236 259 247 " 26T "" 213 202 160 168 140 116 149 166 213 185 223 158" 155 ua 122 112 84 67 99 77 173 196 231 New Gases 137 117 173 Old and Rocurrent •CO Date 1927 Jan Feb Mar 64 88 88 59 53 33 163 126 83 73 119 87 158 67 65 78 94 99 106 83 100 165 148 ~I5B" " 130 102 83 86 78 70 93 94 123 99 124 87- "••••••'*"91 69 69 68 51 45 53 41 99 118 155 77 82 62 46 56 56 90 86 99 7 1 64 52 53 44 33 22 46 36 74 78 76 la) 15. Dato 1930~ J a n " Fob Ifar Apr Iky Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 1931 Jan Fob Mar Apr tfa-y Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov D.o.c 1932 Jan Fob Ifeir Apr toy Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Total Intake ~~ 215 132 149 181 119 145 107 90 138 204 190 318 772 665 651 590 605 305 276 356 423 1,041 948 1,635 1,332 150 65 72 96 62 98 69 46 69 122 98 197 673 559 528 455 353 167 150 188 252 652 601 949 609 1,969 1,586 1,691 1,395 1,059 1,085 931 620 952 993 1,228 67 77 85 57 47 38 44 69 82 92 121 (b) "" ' 99 106 123 135 252 138 126 168 171 389 347 541 1,094 910 1,436 2,315 2,061 1,735 Old and Rocurront 65 Nov; Casos 1,495 1,357 1,016 852 907 * 383 301 (c) 574 527 606 311 484 820 704 719 (d) 141 321 " 16. 1933 Date Jan Fob Mar Apr Hay Juno July Aug Sep Oct Nov Doc 1934 771 756 " Jan Feb Mar Apr May Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan' Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 1,030 1,453 1,695 1,052 1,183 532: 320 308 350 333 339 427 330 262 270 363 491 962 950 810 758 984 677 539 576 794 915 June July 1935 Now. fiasos 732 545 473 706 577 549 473 336 345 450 574 732 Total Intake 1^321 1,042 1,085 1,738 1,182 1,021 1,048 ~ — 530 390 327 356 286 344 418 307 420 400 423 451 259 173 155 135 115 150 165 103 141 171 188 Old.and Rnmirront 589 497 (o) 612 1,032 (f) 545 472 575 435 (g) 411 580 879 963 520 863 654 600 (h) " 477 419 557 (.i) 347 277 306 431 424 . m 271 217 172 221 171 194 253 (j) 204 279 229 235 (k) 17. Total Data 1936 Jon Fob Mar Apr May June July Aug Sop Oct Nov Dec Int.ako 376 575 366 203 431 375 182 86 132 250 321 403 Now Pas os 170 271 193 100 35 46 27 22 37 49 69 99 Old.and Recurrent. 206 304 173 (1) 103 396 (m) 329 155 64 95 201 252 304 Explanatory notes § Figures not available (a) Prior to 1929 there was no differentiation between under care and minor cases. Beginning Jan. 1, 1929 the Russoll Sage system of reporting was adopted and minor, or incidental service casos, woro no longer counted as "Intako." (b) Branch Office of the Bureau was opened. Prior to this time tho only office had been maintained in the Municipal Lodging House building. (c) In thoso tv/o months there was a crisis in the funds of the Citizens' Comaittoo and it was nocessary to curtail intako drastically and to roduce case loads. Ozanara Sholter, operated by tho St. Vincont do Paul Society with intake and case load controlled by tho Bureau, was also opened in February, (d) All officos of the Bureau wcro combined in one building and intako was centralized in one application department. (e) A v/ork program, requiring allable-bodied raon to work for all relief recoived, was inaugurated. 18. (f) The Municipal Lodging House with a population of l|100 mon, was taken over by tho Buraau. Tho relative) incroasos in the now and old casos show tho number of men in tho Lodgo that had previously been known to tho Buroau. Beginning in this month all applicants for caro at tho Lodge were routed thru the application department of the Bureau* (g) The Municipal Lodging House was closed preparatory to wrecking tho building. Negotiations wore started for a new building. (h) Chostnut Street Lodgo, replacing the old "Huny", was opened. All intako was still carriod thru ; the application dopartment* (i) A earoful chock of applications showed that this unusual incroase was almost ontiroly due to tho oxtrome heat which caused a reduction in the numb or of odd jobs availablo. (j) The Men's Unit of the Roliof Administration was combined with tho Transient Bureau* (k) The application department of tho Mon's Unit was taken ovor by the regular Application and Intake Service of tho Roliof Administration. (l) After tho Fodoral and Stato roliof funds wore exhausted and City funds only vrero availablo for roliof, moro drastic intake policies wore put into offoct. (m) A notarizod writton application was required on all now cases. This mado it practically impossible for unattachod mon to qualify* (See also Notes on Tablo I) 19. TABLE III THE NUMBER Year 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 19321933 1934 1935 1936 OF DIFFERENT MEN Transients Included Jlesident Only Under Under Care Under Care Care Only and Minor and Minor 2,554 2,219 2,160 1,916 2,840 2,936 9,207 19,106 28^474 30,293 (2) (2) ; 1 I / 1,450 1,220 1,188 1,054 1,400 1,715 6,633 16,099 14,235 11,611 8,487 4,297 (1) (1) (1)1 (l) (4) 1,760 7^381 17,167 19,462 20,191 8,352 (3) 4,297 (3) • (1) There was no differentiation between under care and minor cases prior to 1929. Figures on under care cases for these four years are estimated. (2) Minor service figures not available. (3) No Minor service cases included in 1935 or 1936. (4) No transients accepted as under care cases in 1936. 20 CHART I THE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT MEN HELPED EACH YEAR Under Caro Cases Only, Resident and Transient 21. CHART II THE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT MEN HELPED EACH YEAR Includes Under Care & Minor Cases Resident & Transient 22. CHART I I I THE NUMBER OF NOT MEN ADDED AS UNDER CARE CASES EACH.. YEAR Total f v 12.,jrrs.- 41,178 12,296 S 23 CHART I V . AVERAGE TENURE OF UNDER CARE CASES 24. TABLE IV AVERAGE RELIEF PER CASE Explanation - For t h e years 1925 t o 1928 i n c l u s i v e , t h e figures given a r e t h e average monthly r e l i e f por a c t i v e c a s e , which includes both under caro and minor sorvice c a s e s , r e l i e f and non-roliof. From 1929 t h e figures aro the average monthly r o l i o f por under caro r e l i e f case* Uan. 1925 Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Dec 1927 Jan Fob lfe.r Apr May June July Aug Sop Oct Nov Dec Avorago Rolief 1926 1.72 1,56 2.01 2734 "• 2.40 2.24 2.21 2.11 2.08 1.60 1.58 1.68 1.74 1.78 1.97 1928 Mon. Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Avorago Reliof ±.yv 1.66 1.98 2.02 2.43 2.50 1.68 1.83 1.62 1.47 1.84 1.87 2720 2.23 2.48 2.58 2.71 1,99 1.81 1.68 2.00 1.74 2.16 1.75 25, Mon. xygy Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop T931 Oct Nov Doc Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July 1933 Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Jan Fob Mir Apr May Juno July. Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Avorago Rolicf 3«ye 1930 3.10 2.93 3.59 3.66 4.26 4.40 4.52 4.45' 3.36 3,15 2.72 4.82 1932 5.05 3.69 3.24 2.74 2.39 2.29 1.99 2.14 1.56 2.08 4.67 4.83" 1934 4.82 5.13 4.95 4.93 5.29 5.55 6.52 2.99 (a) 3.97 4.95 4.80 Mon Jan Fob Ifcr Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Dec Jan Fob Mar Apr Nay Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Avorago Roliof 4.35~ ' 4.26 2.51 3.58 4.66 3.81 2.89 3.40 2.28 3.11 3,00 3.17 4.38 4.31 4.60 5.46 6.02 5.60 4.50 6.54 6.83 4.29 6.42 6.61 2.12 2.25 2.68 3,16 3.00 2.42 2.33 2.47 3.35 4,08 3.93 4.44 26. Notess(a) Aftor September, 1933, tho month in which tho separation botwoon public and private agoncies was made, a difforont system of bookkooping was in effect. This system classed certain oxpondituros, such as operating oxponsos of tho Bureau rostaurant, as "sorvico exponsos" whoro they had formorly boon classed as relief on tho theory that thoy wcro a diroct r o placomont of rolief• This practico raado tho avorago relief cost per relief case run slightly loss than boforo. 27. TABLE V RAGE Explanation - Because of several changes in t h e method of r e p o r t i n g s t a t i s t i c s on tho number of c a s e s , i t i s not p o s s i b l e t o roport comparablo f i g u r e s in tho percent of Nogroos in tho case load for tho o n t i r e 12 yoar p o r i o d . Tho following t a b l o shows ( A ) tho percent a g e of Nogroos in New Intako from 1925 t o 1932 and (B) t h o porcontago of Nogroos in tho a c t i v e caso load from 1932 t o 1935* According t o t h o U.S, Consus for 1930, tho Negro population of S t . Louis was 9 5 , 0 8 1 , or 11.fi^ of tho t o t a l population of tho c i t y . Non-family Negro men accounted f o r approximately 10,100 of t h o s e , o r 26/£ of tho non-family mon of t h o c i t y . (For d e f i n i t i o n s of torms and for explanatory h i s t o r i c a l n o t e s , soo Tablos I and I I ) A. THE PERCENTAGE OF NEGROES IN NEW INTAKE Dato 1925 Sop Oct Nov Doe 1926 Jan Fob Mar Apr liny Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc Now Intako 158 196 188 209 220 187 183 137 109 86 97 78 103 126 233 189 No. Negro 7 8 11 17 20 12 12 12 13 9 9 7 6 9 8 13 % Negro 4 4 6 8 9 6 7 9 12 10 9 9 6 7 3 7 28* Dato 1927 Jan 1928 Fob Mar Apr Iky 117 173 1$3 126 Juno July 83 Aug Sop Oct 119 87 158 Nov 165 Doc 148 158 130 102 73 8 7 7 4 18 16 11 5 11 13 13 7 12 10 6 7 10 8 8 May 83 86 Juno July 78 70 Aug Sop Oct 93 4 94 123 6 9 5 Jon Apr Nov Dec 124 19 Jan' 198 " "" 22 Fob Mar Apr May 176 104 16 5 96 86 68 8 Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 99 70 87 86 175 203 234 '/, Nogro 9 No» Nogro 12 16 14 12 21 19 16 9 7 4 4 Fob Mar 1929 Now Intako 137 11 4 7 6 4 11 16 35 13 15 16 11 8 5 6 4 6 7 5 8 " " ~TT~ 9 5 8 13 6 10 7 5 6 8 15 29. Now Intaka 1930 Jan Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 1931 "Jon Fob Mir Apr !£iy Juno July Aug Sop Oct Nov Doc 1932 Jan Fob Ifar Apr iby Juno July Aug Sop 274 123 126 147 102 142 96 70 97 208 215 410 "973~""~ 855 781 753 579 206 195 224 307 689 736 1,476 " rf4oo 842 1,698 1,341 1,288 701 1,235 1,924 1,425 No..Nogro 46 25 17 26 8 8 & 8 11 10 31 92 552 57B 489 481 236 65 57 50 70 185 360 916 857 358 786 723 784 467 1,051 1,488 1,019 % Nogro 17 20 13 18 8 6 6 11 11 5 14 23 ' 58 " 68 63 64 41 32 29 22 23 27 49 62 61~" 43 46 54 61 67 85 77 71 30. B. THE PERCENTAGE OF NEGROES IN THE TOTAL ACTIVE CASES Date 1932 Aug Sep Oct Nov Doc 1933 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1934 Jan Feb Mar Apr tfey June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Deo " Total 6,864 7i326 7,124 7,301 7,475 67832 6,413 6,938 7,745 7,378 7,711 6,854 6,240 5,607 6,159 6,887 8,357 6,544 6,401 7,173 7,018 7,034 6,451 6,943 7,263 7,467 7,383 7,308 7,520 Nogro 5,105 5,284 4,846 4,613 4,659 37T8T 3,392 3,452 3,639 3,692 3,516 2,873 2,747 2,433 2,520 2,634 3,110 2,208 2,182 2,495 2,581 2,646 2,381 2,596 2,547 2,723 2,614 2,617 2,748 i ""• 74 72 68 64 62 5'5 53 50 47 50 45 41 44 43 41 38 37 34 34 35 37 38 37 37 35 36 35 36 37 31. Date 1935 Jan. Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Total 7,461 6,601 6,476 6,289 5,923 5,522 5,314 5,370 Negro 2,873 2i479 2,398 2,351 2,308 2,166 2i052 2,091 % 39 38 37 37 39 39 39 39 32. TABLE VI AGES Explanation - Because of several changes in methods of reporting statistics, it is not possible to report comparable figures on ages of men helped for the entire 12 year period. This table shows (A) the percentages in the various age groups in New Intake by years from 1925 to 1932, (B) the percentage of active cases 60 yrs» of ago and over by months from 1926 to 1932, and (C) & (D) a tabulation of all age groups under care on several dates* (For definitions of terms and explanatory historical notos, sco Tables I and II.) A. THE PERCENTAGE IN VARIOUS AGE GROUPS IN NEW INTAKE 19 and Year Under 1925* 8 1926 7 1927 4 1928 5 1929 5 1930 4 1931 3 1932# 5 * § | 1 2 0 - 2 9 30 ! 23 ! 19 16 i 13 I 21 j - 39 17 21 19 15 | 16 13 19 21 25 28 27 Four months only Nino months only 40 - 49 20 19 j ! 19 19 20 19 20 ! 20 50 - 59 15 17 18 16 19 19 16 11 60 & Ovor 17 17 22 28 25 26 15 9 33. B* THE;. PERCENTAGE OF ACTIVE CASES 60 YEARS OP AGE AND OVER Total Active Year 1926 1927 Month July Aug Oct Apr MayJune July Aug Sop 1928 Oct Nov Doc Jan Feb Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Cases 205 160 224 391 295 226 184 257 238 327 384 383 391 405 381 56 36 44 100 73 56 48 53 62 108 95 108 108 130 136 310 293 255 113 197 71 233 63 80 93 90 87 Sop 258 Oct Nov Doc 337 309 No. 60 yr, and Over 343 103 96 % 60 yr. and Over 27 23 20 26 25 25 26 21 26 33 25 28 28 32 36 36 35 38 36 27 31 28 29 25 34. Total Active Year Month Cases 1929 Jan 456 457 383 327 251 213 177 213 221 362 489 491 Feb Liar Apr Iky June July Aug Sep Oct Nov 1930 Dec Jan Feb l&r Apr May Juno July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dsc 1931 575 371 385 400 325 349 248 225 298 475 509 804 No. 60 yr. and Over 89 105 113 99 70 62 52 45 63 117 181 146 190 144 123 124 107 96 87 107 74 147 125 262 Jan" Fob Mar Apr May Juno July Aug Sep Oct NOT Doc 1,572 1,809 1,663 1,629 998 822 881 1,038 1,764 1,806 3,091 204 178 273 381 311 241 323 373 523 415 495 % 60 yr. and Over 20 23 29 30 28 29 29 21 28 32 37 30 33 39 32 31 33 28 35 48 25 31 25 33 IB 13 10 16 23 31 29 37 36 30 23 16 ' 35. Year 1932 Month Jan Feb. liar Apr May June July Aug Sep Total Active Gases 3,574 3,345 4,564 4,719 5,147 4*743 4,956 6,864 7,326 No. 60 yr. and Over 504 471 579 632 668 656 720 516 771 f. 60 yr. and Over 14 14 13 13 13 14 15 8 11 36. C. NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE IN VARIOUS AGE GROUPS OCTOBER, 1933* Cumulative - Age: A l l Ages Under 21 21 - 25 26 - 30 31 - 35 36 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 55 56 - 60 61 - 65 66 - 70 71 - 75 76 - 80 81 - 85 86 - 90 Over 90 No. 4,011 29 109 176 295 373 469 486 530 434 446 351 219 62 24 6 2 i i 100 .7 2.7 4.4 7.4* 9.3 11.7 12.1 13.2 10.8 11.1 8.8*5.5r 1.6f •6 .1+ 100 3.4 7.8 15.2 24.5 36.2 48.3 61.5 72.3 83.4 92.2 97.7 99.3 99.9 100.0 * These figures were compiled as part of the Federal Unemployment Census made in October, 1933. They include a l l able-bodied non-family men on the public relief r o l l s , but not a l l active under care cases. 37. D. THE NUMBER & PERCENTAGE IN VARIOUS AGE GROUPS - AUGUST. 1934 BY RACE# No. Age All Ages 17 - 24 2 5 — 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45- - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 85 - 89 V/hite Negro 3,216 1,938 115 87 208 239 265 245 262 209 101 45 107 179 251 328 389 421 390 531 311 112 38 13 Percent Total 5,154 10 216 132 315 418 516 573 651 630 529 619 369 121 48 4 17 139 88 58 9 Group* % Cumulative^ 100 4.2 2.6 6.1 8.1 10.0 11.1 12.6 12.2 10.312.0 7.22.3*- 1.0 •3 These figures include a l l under care active cases in August, 1934, and constitute the only complete ago study made. 100 6.8 12.9 21.0 31.0 42.1 54.7 66.9 77.2 89,2 96 O 4 98.7 99.7 100.0 38. TABLE VII A, Meals or Food Dopt» Roliof No. % Case Work No* % Lodgo No. i Sholtor No. i All Dopts. No. % $YPES OF RELIEF AS OF DEC. 3 1 : 1934 Typo of Care Room Commercialj Grocery Cafbtoria# !Rostaurant! Order Board 320 I 840 1,620 11.4 j 30 58 55 7.3 864 96 130 17.4 | j 36 1 4 450 60 [ Furnished f By Mon 20 .6 100 13.3 900 15.8 1 1,250 22 ~ 486 8.5 ! 1,290 1 22.6 " • " ' 100 1.7 * Meals served insido tho Sholtor from i t s . own kitchen. # Oporatod by tho agoncy» 750 13.2 15 2 1,250* 100* 3,789 66.6 Total 2,800 49 35 .6 5,700 100 39. B. Rooms or Lodging Sholtor Dept. Furnished by Organization Rooms Hotels Sub-Total Roliof No. % 34 .1.2 400 14.2 434 15.4 Caso Work No. % 283 37.7 87 11.6 370 49.3 Lodge No. % 317 No. 2,150 | 5.6 37.7 % 2,360 84.4 380 50.7 900 100 900 100 Sholtor No, 1,250 100 Aj.1 Dopts Paid by Man Rooms jH atols Sub-Total I* 1 .. I 2,366 84.6 380 50.7 2,954 51.8 2,800 49 750 13.2 900 100 | 1,250 22 1,250 100 487 8,5 Total 2,740 48.1 6 .1 2,746 48,2 5,700 100 The Percentage Pistributiqn by Census Pistrfcts of Non-Fdmily Men on Relief in fit Loui&, Miwouri Legend — plitrirt Bourtlary • ParHs © Pistrict Percetitdje • Less tun 3%. m 1.0 to 1.9 x IS 2.0 to V.9X m 5.0 tc 9.9X BB 10 to 2V.97. • 25 7. or more Relief Shelters omittea
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