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    <abstract>Papers presented at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's annual macroeconomics conference explored the effects of Federal Reserve long-term bond purchases on longer-term interest rates; improvements to macroeconomic models to better account for the zero bound; and optimal monetary policy at the zero bound. Although the zero lower bound is a substantial constraint on traditional monetary policy, the Fed still has other policy options available that can improve U.S. economic performance.</abstract>
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      <title>Monetary Policy at the Zero Lower Bound</title>
      <titlePartNumber>February 15, 2011</titlePartNumber>
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