{
    "name": [
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            "role": "creator",
            "namePart": [
                "Grochulski, Borys"
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    "note": [],
    "genre": [
        "article"
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    "abstract": [
        "Using data from the latest refinance wave, this <i>Economic Brief<\/i> estimates the mortgage refinance transaction costs paid by the borrowers in 2020 at $44.5 billion. Financing homeownership with a sequence of conventional fixed-rate mortgage products implies additional, indirect costs. A simple redesign of the adjustable-rate mortgage contract offers potential for eliminating these costs and, thus, improving both homeownership affordability and the transmission of interest rate cuts to the final users of credit."
    ],
    "language": [
        "eng"
    ],
    "titleInfo": [
        {
            "title": "Mortgage Refinance Costs and a Better Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Contract",
            "titlePartNumber": "No. 21-38"
        }
    ],
    "originInfo": {
        "issuance": "multipart",
        "sortDate": "2021-11-17",
        "dateIssued": "November 2021"
    },
    "recordInfo": {
        "recordIdentifier": [
            "610036"
        ],
        "recordUpdatedDate": "2025-07-09 18:30:15",
        "recordCreationDate": "2021-11-17 14:03:25",
        "recordType": "item"
    },
    "typeOfResource": "text",
    "physicalDescription": {
        "form": "electronic",
        "extent": "6 pages",
        "digitalOrigin": "born digital",
        "internetMediaType": [
            "application\/pdf"
        ]
    },
    "location": {
        "url": [
            "https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/title\/economic-brief-6034\/mortgage-refinance-costs-a-better-adjustable-rate-mortgage-contract-610036"
        ],
        "iiif_manifest_url": [
            "https:\/\/iiif.slf.digirati.io\/presentation\/item\/610036"
        ],
        "apiUrl": [
            "https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/api\/item\/610036"
        ],
        "pdfUrl": [
            "https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/docs\/historical\/frbrich\/econbrief\/frbrich_eb_21-38.pdf"
        ],
        "textUrl": [
            "https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/files\/text\/historical\/frbrich\/econbrief\/frbrich_eb_21-38.txt"
        ]
    },
    "relatedItem": [
        {
            "@type": "parent",
            "recordInfo": {
                "recordIdentifier": [
                    "6034"
                ]
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            "titleInfo": [
                {
                    "title": "Economic Brief "
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            "name": [
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                    "role": "contributor",
                    "namePart": [
                        "Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond"
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                            "521"
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    "accessCondition": "For more information on rights relating to this item, please see: https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/title\/economic-brief-6034\/mortgage-refinance-costs-a-better-adjustable-rate-mortgage-contract-610036"
}