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https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis October 7, 1918. ':emorandum From: Woman in Industry service, Department of Labor To: War Labor Board Subject: Application of the Worthington Puap and Machinery Company, Hazleton, Pa. for permission to employ woaLen at night. 1. The Office of the Secretary of War has referred the request of this Cownany to us for recoaaendation. 2. Has the War Labor Board information about this plant and if so, will it be p,)- ssitie for us to have access to the data, insofar as it bears upon the desirability of permitting a sus-ersion of the state labor laws for a specified period? 3. If such suspension ware granted, will it be possible for the War Labor Board to undertake tbesupervise this plant, filing r63gu1ar reports with the Secrest-ary of Labor, showing the conditions affecting wauen on the night shift. This surervision is intended to insure the effective employment of women. If a certificate is granted, it Nill be understood that it will remain in force only so long as the required standards, including compliance with the award of the War Labor Board, are maintained. MVR/ALL Mary Van Kleeck, Director Woan in Industry service. • FROWs Apanges Branoh„ Induotrial .3ervioe ,,;(potion. The Acting 4blef or Ordnance, tLroTh Uorvlee Station* AlIJ!JT: Appliaetion of No 4orp. to employ moms at rtirs t in toir pIztat flsolton, a., submitted through Philadelphia Distfiot urknanoc; 1* The atteehod letter from the 11orth1ngton oftep Maehinory ties to the Oritaanoe Doparteant through As lienr7 Sole, to a retseet that the Urdnanee Departmont Mould take some motion asking pecleible the emLloont of. women In thee* 8-hour shifts, ineludisg durine hours mow probibitod WI the Peansylvesla Labor lase* Aceordinv to tAill law semen any net weft in fastorieS after 10 P*-0 or beiore 6 A. • The peaelgoloo that utilisation of the tall oapasity ol this picot Will 4emeot * fore* of shieh approxtmatelr 60* will be Mass. At the late of the epplioatieu only $OO memo mom sem La a fore* of 25004 Wing to 1°0_1 'wanness of housing, is and labor empOky it ic impossiblo to se* m Ins for the increased tares neeecooryi, lb* sempoor se, that with the thr&s.ohift system It I* noesesory to hair* the Shift. Mots ese woak4 so that sash ma employed now weft, at siglit woo* out of "very throes Rotation shifts, if a . lamp piveysilion of the foxes sere semen, mould only be aecomp plIghai by amploying women at night* $e Attention is sailed to tile report of the J-rogress Seetion showing the urqent no.lid for inoressod proit,otion of the preluet of this plant* 116 A the pleat mot https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Vtive of the Amens* $raueh bas investigated report is summarised as follows* apeicol working ooniitione ctni tmothods 401010100$ and up to date* .!:Tipleyment doporiosot nests SiMOSOMMisige and spools). &Transoms's moao for "eleotion of semen weithers. wric of wolen appears 10 .31 eiitetive ant not Impend pr.1 powers, possessor? *tooling at maehinoe the only rmOb.hok* ariwavoup The questionof night weak in this *ease mete (); neeomsity of amiimum shell prediction over period of the war. If the seed frm 76" shell all, fuso ports lensede the irtiltaatlon of ve nation's fall time espositg. with proper arersit et and dissipline of worisore, giant senditioso lo the 4trtcington Pte.& maohlnery Jar,* are not InfOserable to Mot work for wenemo II 41001. 1 40, tions: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Tbs oomenls Branoh -Iakeu the talowing r aorsaendam, (a) It le nowseeery to advlso 1:',c; oolnanr tbet tho Pons. Wigninis labor lam does not ,-eynit any ,lleflrIptiffile Or Mr MOM irhatever. tali that Jray t.-,c) pialiney111104111 Mori et Leber & 'nductry oc,n :Aeon° wllotYor on ear grimed esepemelon f.the lt/ with'x:i. imaialt perniesiMS i is nospIble. I= VO the logieletre (16) Attentio* bil *We. to our :013oranftom ol Ilay 24th obeying Vat it hes boon Aeomed ivise that rovents for Onenptiene boa elate labor lawo :mould not .4e -At0e elsopt tor th0 Seeleterv et War. and then only ::Ster thoirOsgh 61110000141ation orlithliuhing un urgont wed, en. domemOhmattni the4roluotion ean be noourod in no other vow is) In vire of Ve feet thattY:provemenV might be nods in the :4eth004 Of ntiliStac the force of women imeaheme In tble Asm440 Ospoolally through Improved onp1074,ont wethodist Lilielibeir of tbe 'Omenve preneh we a sespetent rion:11 400100.4 by it sborld be acalphod to the plant for a long enough period to insure the moct offeettvo ethodes for tho employment of means, In view of the fnot C-Aut Vle proportion of semen emo played .a oopparativrly °mall, it is reoommended that in the Immediate tutor* moon be ample od only i, vania labor by Amp &atm hours permitted by the• lsio, and ths0 on the basis of tho stilly of oohdltions °Affecting same mode Txonoe 0 the gan Of the preceding porogrOON, the sesessity for a night shift for wozien latoo 'be detormined4 • (di ahead beam 000401.11817 to permit the employ. nt of gems at might, it 1 ,t recommended tat the. astin7 1 Go.oport,tion with the *tato Diriv=1 1,17Ay'r o'0,1a11. ma!:s the Zoilowing ,,ion blf 0 rolorant.ti 're 14i them ebfuld be elrlfler frTorv., OrlAre ijorkxtrlentit of the vAlosis Bionneh rf t pt in numb * mg a* ile. Be40034. of ***put *Wad be to letermene the beet sobednie ci: JAIxe Amein the point Of view of proettiniOS• 26 A 1.15n4; rem ahead be provided in 'Midi a new. ishhip.: meal oan Women:04 at midnight SIM at the *Wee oT the nti::7t shift, sine* ono of th. 0141044110110 10 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis owase Sight work to the difficulty of seeoring& ota in the merninr eorrespoyding to the 67 worgorwo dtnnur. 4. Transportation faeliitiev ,Taking it filsolble for the worker* to come to work and to return home waken* - rovidea. j- f nnotrm Islay or fatigne* shoula U. lo wowan unler,-841 years oi at 4.6ht• should be emplopia S. The night M141 should not ork:more than otght hems, sod Mould hay not lege than throe quarters of an bone' moose at mlanight, with rest poriods in the period of sek before and after midnight, I. light work should be etriotly limited to women eraOloyot on t)* oontraat specified. the stankaille outlined 110enerili Order 8. In 'Jo. 15 eilned y the Oblof of °ransom ehtitild be rigtdly ravired in ary plant haylnp a opestal exeTwtton or night work. r / „At^ )1' 4;1 M.AitT VAN In -;harfre of ,olente BrIneh IntnntrIfil .A3rvioo 6ection. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis octob( emorandum iss'eterson Frqm: Ailiss Van kleeck ject: heference to War Labor Board Applicatiun of the Worthington Ilicp and Machinery Com)any, Hazleton, 7. for ermission to employ women at night. Delivered memorandum from J7,iss Van Kleeck to War Labor Board to Miss Obenauer. 1. •: 2. (a) The War Labor Board has no information in rerrpnce to the w orthington 'um p and achinery Company located at Hazleton, ?enn. The War _Libor 3oard has made an investigation of this company's Plant at Buffalo and the experience of the War Labor Board has been that when one comany Aant comes before the hoard other -4.-ints soon foUow. If the Hazleton, Pennsylvania, plant 'Aould come before the War Labor Board notice will De c)rwarded to M iss Van neeck. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR WOMAN IN INDUSTRY SERVICE WASHINGTON ,ctober 7, '918. Memorandum From: Miss Peterson To: Miss Van Kleeck Subject: _Reference to War Labor Board Application of the Worthin6ton 0.11(1 Machinery Company, Hazleton, Pa. for )ermission to em-joy Toren at ni:ht. 1. The Office of the Secretary of H.r has referred the request of this Company for recompiendation. 2. H.,s the "Tar Labor Board information about this plant and if so, will it be ,ossible for us to have access to the data, insofar as it bears up ,n the deir9bility of ermitting a suspension of the st?te labor laws for a specified period? 3. If such suspension were granted, will it be ,ossible for the Tar Labor Board to undertake to supervise this Ant, filing regular ret orts with the Secretary of Labor, showing the conditions arfecting women on the night shift. Ibis sumervision is intended to insure the effective employment of women. If a certificate is granted, it will be understood that it will remain in force only so long as the required standards, in= cluding compliance with the award of the War Labor '3oard are umaintained. ,Vic/ALL https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Mary Van Kleeck, LirectDr Woman in Industry Service. CC: Dr. 3rickor - ice Louise Carnaell, vn, --1 Ise (L' iobort • , ; taid.olt.tout • ot±ton ' 011.111. 44. 41 , L11) u'4 740Athinery .ftto7.1ti)r, - Pro , to not iTes. Gartleren:- Your favor of tii*Ith has been : petition Which you aro received with attached copy (7);sending to the aocretary of note your request Ill this petition that "That portion, of the ivinneylwania State labor law restrictthe employment of temales to the hours between eta. ten Y. U. be autopendod for the duration of the :, vanarxx) eantracts.." and in this connection, desire to say that, we emu* Stilend Oltar present labor lows nor do ye door,. it .advisable -o do so, Parthertoroa I art Of the opinior the oar Department does not wish 12t3 to suspend our 3m.vic making the general emplowient or vcsion at night possible. .;,he secretary of Vxtr, however, in considering a plan whervby a nbcrtioterm permit can be lacued where Um neoeccW, actual); °Mate ter the emplolfhent at women atter ton contrary to tho preideitalle tat our Perewavtillia 14r:1i1c La V/• • o believe reit tin roadili appreciate tho difference betwoon tilo automaton of cur laws nnd the ing of v. tillort-tom I.,orrtits authorising eortain etwArIittl induArioc to employ valon at niglok• manking tion 7041 tor w1in OU Vitt we will bo WI copy 4 . 1. the peti- c;111.(1to 00 rate in tho .adjustmont or tho difficulty i3tcD at 1-rosont confronts yous I mr.lallis tiI4 tittP, Urine , P/I4T https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Ot II k sit7t3 it)11(111• AU communications should be accompanied by carbon copy and addressed to WAR DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE To insure prompt attention, in replying refer to PRODUCTION DIVISION WASHINGTON No. Attention of September 24, 1918. —58-15 From • Chief of Ordnance. To • Secretary of War. Subject Re; Request of Worthington Pump & Machinery Corporation for exemption from State La •=••== It is requested that application be made 1. through the state Department of Labor requesting an exemption in the case of the Worthington Pump & Machinery Corporation from operation of the state law Which prohibits the employment of women on night work between the hours of 10 p. m. and 6 a. m. 2. A complete report on the matter is attached herewith. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis C. C. WILLIAMS, Major General, U. S. Chief of Ordnance.e 411 • Col Jamieson, A• S• — el, OrcIn • - U. — Production Division. September 24, 1918. -7orom • . Chief of Ordnance. To : SecretLry of War. Subject Ile; Request of ;lorthington Pump & Uachinery Corporntion for exemption from State Laws. It is requested thrt application be made 1. through the state Denartmont of Labor requesting an exemption in the case of the ivorthington Pump & Madhinery corporation from operation of the state law which prohibits the employmInt of women on night work between the hours of 10 p. a, and 6 a. a. A complete report on the mictter is 2. attached herewith. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis C. C. WILIAL!.MS, Major General, U. Chief of Ordnance. By: C. O. Jamieson, Colonel, Ordnance, U. L. A. Production Division. September 24, 1918. Prom : Chief of Ordnanoe. To : Subject . . Re, Request of '6orthington Pump & Machinery Corpov:tion for exemption from State Laws. Secretary of War. It it requested thet appliovtion be nade 1. through the state Lepartmest of Labor requesting an osmaption in the ease of the Worthington Pump 6 Machinery 3erporation from operation of the state law Iihich prohibits the emplejmosat of woman on night work between the hours of lop, a. and 6 a. 116 A °owlet* report on the mattor is 2. attached herewith. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis C. C. WILLIAS, Major General, U. 1",. Chief of Ordnanoe. By: C. C. Jamieson, Colonel, Ordnance, U. •A. Produotion Division. j optember PA, 1918. 4srom : Chief of Ordnance. To Seeretnry of War. Subject Re: Request of ;,orthington Pump & Machinery Corporation for exemption from State Lawn. It ie requested thmt appliostion be made 1. state beporialmit of Labor requesting an through the exemption in the gas* of the iforthipitom Pump & Machinery 2orporntion from operation of the stets low whioh prohibits the omploymlnt of mown on ntcht work between the hours of 10 p. M. end 6 a. 144 A complete report on the matter is 2. attached herewith. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis C. C. WILLI°W, 'Wow leneral, U. . • Chief of Ordnance. By: C. C. Jmniemen, Colonel, Ordnance, U. 1. A. Production Divieien. All communications should be accompanied by carbon copy and addressed to WAR DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE To insure prompt attention, m replying refer to PRODUCTION DIVISION WASHINGTON No. _ Attention of 3-6845 r-nch, Ir(9.71Ftr4,-] • -1 , •, Machinery Corp.:- Recruest Jorthin7ton Pump for Permission to ErTiloy jomen between the in theft of 1(T' P.]:. and 6 L.azleton, P. 1. Attached hereto is reT.,.- ..est for silsoension of st-te labor laws filed throu7h the Phildelphia District Ordnance office by the .iorthin7ton Iunr & 1.1chinery Corp. of Hazleton, Pa. 2. The .omen's 3ranch of the Philndel- in Ordnance Office hns Tone over the c-se c-refully. Yiiss Cornell 7-isit tembor 11th in co - -n,7- -rith Mis.; Sie er4the nl-nt on Infu2try. -rf the Pennsyir:ni Dt,. of 1...1)or https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ttortiol is c-lled to the followin the situ-tion: slient facts 4 The rlant is ensP-red in m king 75. llosive shell, fmd boosters n.L.'dpters, w;,ic;.0 neee-1 in the Ordnance pr Opervtions are carried on in three d-nour chift: two shifts rotatino! weekly, on which women L-re neri-nent, on which ,'en only are nloye(5; Shorta-e of -Iale labor in the vicini en2:ej. .is rlrecdy 0 handic!T to production, and the co pany is coufro:,ted wit- the necessity of fu-rther exrandin7 its '7orkinrr force. thJ:t women n-Jst be e7' The 121.71 of the .7loyed 9n ni-7ht L.u ] nttsin Taximum rroac a--, r)eFrs to be nubstr.ntiEted by all evienc jt • s Oi That te 4-- •Giie h ove .o -iits Dep rtment 4-1-, in 1; e ,vo -t- i.en I .5r oh neces:ary steps r‘r, mission to employ women over 18 years of age between the hours of 10 P.. and 6 A.M., in order to allow the operation of the three 8-hour shifts rotating weekly. (b) https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis That such permission be dependent in the establishment of the following conditions at the plant. 1. Installaticn of woman supervisor who shall have full backing of the management and the confidence of the workers. 2. Provision of safeguards from the usual drawbacks accompanying a night .shift which shall be acceptable to the Women's Branch; these to include serving of hot drinks on night shift;adequLite transportation to outlying distriOts; and extension of toilet facilities with the increase of numbers employed. NOTE:- In par.17 and 18 of the petition filed by the company( see attached copy) it is stated that the company will "oblignte itself to make proper provision for access to plant an return therefrom ------ and all roper provision in the way of matrons etc.------ a - s to afford every reasonable safeguard for such women" (employed on night shift). 3. That a representative of the Women's Industrial Service Section, Ordnance assigned to insure and assist in the of these recommendations, working in with supervisor of women. Branch of the Department,be establishment cooperation --(a.le-k. -1/(4 GLAI•LA . 2.E 7 LL Director ,Women's Branch Industrial Service Section ALL COMMUNICATIONS SHOULD RE ACCOMPANIED DY CARDON COPY AND ADDRESSED TO RS/mla 4`. . ?1918 WAR DEPARTMENT TO INSURE PROMPT ATTENTION IN REPLYING REFER TO OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE WASHINGTON NO. ATTENTION OF f;TRIPPED BY Septargiber 16, 1918. From: Estimates & Requirements To: Production .Division, Industrial service 6ection, Woman's Branch, (Attention Miss ;2.e.ra M. Teed). Subject: Status of Contracts held by Worthington Pump & Mach. CO. ivision. 1. In compliance with your request of September 14, herewith is attached status of contracts held by Worthington Pump & Machinery Co. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Odus C. Homey, Brig. Gen., Ord. By. Sanfo 0 ompffbn, Dept., U. rô F31- • • • • • • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • • P-e-e-p4vdm.e-d. 116 cHns P.THITIST N P Sheet 1. J5 104 H.E. Fork ing, 12:12Lesi (1) 1,900,000 (2) 750,000 Contract Promises Date ALI:12.... 11/13/17 Mar. 75,000 175,000 275,000 JuneJu1 500,000 350,000 Auk/. 525,000 12/31/17 Dec. 25,000 Jan, 75,000 Feb. 125,000 MR.r. 125,000 Apr. 125,000 125,000 June 150,000 For-4inza , IliatLiseLsajjAr‘,21 - A..9..t_u_ ,a.i..p........ (1) To 9/1/18 1,775,000 141,710 750,000 259,322 (2) To 9/1/18 Coapiled By: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Progress Section, Estimates and Reciuire:Lents Sep t aL-le r 16, 1918. Estilated Delive_a_ Sept. 85,127 0 Oct. 75,000 Nov. 100,000 Dec. 100,000 0 0 0 After Dec. 17172 1710 Sheet 2. 1V.ACHWIX 75._ WM H. E. Ordered. 2,575,000 Promised Del. To 911118 2,575,000 Actual Del. Sept. 125,000 2514,561 Oct. 150, 000 Estirrated Deliveries Nov. Dec. 175,000 200,000 Af6er Dec. 1,Tit "5-7 1 3 DIACHINING_.75 MA! GAS MU-IL 75,000 To 91111g 75,000 0 28,g37 0 0 0 0 MUM. Po rginics and Machining_ Total Ordered 293.&• 2,650,000 67g,032 Compiled By: Actual Del. Machining 2$31398 Po' Balance to be Delivered Mach in 1,971,96$ 2566,602 Progress Section, Estinates and Requirements Division, September 16, 191$. r,ttN • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sheet j. )300STER & ADAPT)ER MARK III Date Ordered 5,000,000 a1/18 Contract Promises A Ju Jur .11.21. Apr. fr0.000 600,000 600,000 Y07000 Zbo,000 "gboo ,000 Pramisd Del. To 9/1[18 Actvsl 5,000,000 775,600 CoLpiled By: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sgt. 375,000 Progress Section, Estiilates & Reauirements Division, Septeater 16, 191S. Sept. Goo , Ilt)ziatecl. Deliveries Nov. Oct. 600,000 750,000 Oct. :000 M. Dec. 750,000 Nov. 200,000 After Dec. 1,7249)400 ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF ORDNANCE DISTRICT CHIEF 1710 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA. PA. —2-roduction DIVISION ELM:JNR September 16th, 1918. TO INSURE PROMPT ATTENTION !N REPLYING REFER TO• NO. ATTENTION OF V.ajor R.A.Greene. Office. Phila. District Ordnance Production From: Col. C. C. Jamieson, Chief of Production Division, 7th & B Streets, Washington, D.C. To: Hazleton, Pa. Worthington Pump & Machinery Corporation, Subject: by the Worthington 1. Enclosed herewith is a formal application ion to work women permiss for Pa. n, Pump & Machinery Corporation, Hazleto file: ng followi the is Attached thereto on night shifts. a. at the Indorsement by Capt. Henry Soss, Production Officer plant. Army Inspector of Ordrance b. Indorsement by Capt. R. E. Bryant, at the plant. G. Supplemental letter from Capt. Henry Soso. d. Supplemental letter from Capt. Bryant. of the Inspection e. Supplemental letter from Major F. N. Masters, Division, Phila. District Ordnance Office. f. Recommendation by Miss Cornell of the Women's Branch, Industrial Service Section, Production Division, Phila. District Ordnance Office. g. Recommendation by __ajor District Or/ins-Ince Office. 1::.Schwartz, Inspection Manager, Phila. tion 2. This Production Division thomughly indorses the applica that s ry and request Corporation, made by the Worthington Pump & Machine the d secretary of by it have approve to power your in ing everyth you do War. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • Col. C. C. Jamieson -2- Sept. 16, 1918. 3. Appreciating the extremely urgent need for 75 mim complete roluos, we have given no small proportion of our time, as a Production Office, in striving to increase the output of boosters and adapters at Vie believe we have made every effort possible to obtain this plant. adequate results without having women on night shifts, and we are convinced that the scarcity of labor and the dissatisfaction and restlessness caused by operating with a -9ermanent night shift of men render further attempts in this direction useless. 4. Vire therefore have cone to the decision that the Whole question resolves itself into whether Washington does or does not consider the problem of producing 75 mini ammunition of sufficiently vital importance to warrant the suspension of the Penna. State Labor Law restricting the employment of females between the hours of 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. T,Ettmet Encs. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis R. A. GREENE, Major, Ord.. Dept. U.S.A. Production ilanager. WORTHINGTON PUMP AND MACHINERY CORPORATION BRANCH OFFICES: MAIN OFFICES: H 5 BROADWAY NEW YORK H AZ LETON WORKS WO R K S; HAZLETON, PA. WORTHINGTON BLAKE AND KNOWLES DEANE SNOW-HOLLY ATLANTA LOS ANGELES BIRMINGHAM MINNEAPOLIS BOSTON NEW ORLEANS BUFFALO OMAHA CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA CINCINNATI PITTSBURGH CLEVELAND ST. PAUL DENVER ST. LOUIS DETROIT SALT LAKE CITY SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE TULSA EL PASO POWER AND MINING MACHINERY HAZLETON LAIDLAW INGECO ENGINE September 12, 1918. HOUSTON KANSAS CITY WAS Sir: 1. We would respectfully petition that that portion of the Pennsylvania State Labor Law restricting the employment of females to the hours between 6 A.M. and 10 P.M. be suspended for the duration of the Ordnance contracts at the plant of the Worthington Pump and Machinery Corporation, Hazleton works, Hazleton, Pa., thus permitting the employment of women on each of three 8-hour shifts interchanging weekly. The following data and information are 2. submitted for your consideration: This plant is employed exclusively on the 3. following work: Army Ordnance Contract G 1743-967A covering 750,000 - 75 Mild Common Steel Shell Army Ordnance Contract G 925-502A covering 1,900,000 - 75 Min Common Steel Shell Army Ordnance Contract G 524-314A covering 5,000,000 - Adapters Navy Department Contract 652 covering 290,000 - 6-Pdr. Common Projectiles Navy Department Contract 652 covering 165,000 - 3-Pdr. Common Projectiles The plant has no other product beyond this. Production of this plant is necessarily in 4. Operations are laid the highest degree repetitive. out in regular sequence, and a constant and even supply https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2 of material from each operation is necessary to the maintenance of constant and even output of the succeeding operation. The work is carried on in th--o 8-hour shifts, one-half hour of each shift being allowed for lunch and rest; the actual working period of each shift being 7-1/2 hours. 5. We are operating at present with women to as great an extent as possible on two of the three shifts; namely, 6 A.M. to 2 P.M. shift and 2 P.M. to 10 P.M. shift. These shifts swing or interchange each week. The third shift, from 10 P.Y. to 6 is necessarily composed solely of men. Consequently, these men form a constant night shift and receive a 10% bonus for so doing. 6. As a result of this condition employment on this shift is particularly undesirable. Consequently, under the present condition it is an impossibility to maintain this night shift on a parity as to productiveness with the other two shifts on which women can be employed, and this condition while bad now will become increasingly difficult with the further necessary increase on the other two shifts accompanying larger production. 7. The under-manned night shift is already a marked handicap on the other two shifts, and the continuous and even supply of material from one operation to the next suffers daily interruption with the result of increased unbalancing of the work done on the other two shifts, greatly reducing the efficiency of the two shifts on which women are already employed. 8. It should also be kept in mind that the turnover of labor, which we are constantly endeavoring to reduce, is much more marked among male employes than among female employes. (See Appendix B). 9. Attention is called to the fact that this Company has been operating in close harmony with the wishes and recommendations of the Philadelphia Ordnance Office, and with results in production which are evident from the following comparison: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 3 111•1111= 10. We have increased our production from an average of about 4,000 shells per week during May, 1918, to our present production of 31,000 per week, both figures being the quantities accepted by Government inspection. 11. The capacity of the plant with three fully manned shifts is estimated at 120,000 per week. /he present production is approaching the maximum which can be reached under the present labor limitations. 12. For the past five weeks this plant has been making a very strenuous effort, in co-operation with the Philadelphia Ordnance Office and with the Federal Employment Service, to augment its force. These efforts have been partially successful, but, as shown by statistics of available labor in Appendix A, this plant is located disadvantageously as to the supply of male labor, altho the available supply of female labor offers considerable promise. 13. The feature in the situation which makes the supply of male labor particularly difficult to obtain is the fact that the plant is located in the center of a mining region, and in view of the urgent necessity of avoiding any crippling of mining production in any way, this plant has been consistently endeavoring to avoid the employment of any men engaged in mining. This attitude on the part of the Company cuts it off from the great liquid source of male labor supply in this region. 14. If permission were given for the employment of women between the hours of 10 P.M. and 6 A.M., such permission would result in a very rapid recruiting of the present night shift to the same strength as the two other shifts, and would release, for such of certain operations of our work on which male labor is essential, a considerable surplus of labor now employed on our present night shift for which female labor could be immediately substituted. 15. We are now employing about 4,400 people. To reach the full production of this plant a force of approximately 6,000 people, divided equally into three shifts, will be necessary, A further increase in the present morning and afternoon shifts would result in an insignificant increase in production, unless the night shift is also increased, which is going to be a matter of very great difficulty, if not impossible, if restricted to men. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4 16. It should be kept in mind that every effort has been made to organize this plant in such a way as to make the employment of women as safe and agreeable to them as is humanly possible. An excellent dispensary and hospital are maintained, in charge of a physician, and conducted by five trained nurses; two nurses being constantly on duty at night. 17. The Company would obligate itself to make proper provision for access to the plant and return therefrom, altho the hours of such access and return on the part of the night shift would remain identical with the present hours on the 2 P.M. to 10 P.M. shift in going off work, and the 6 A.M. to 2 P.M. shift in coming on to work. 18. All proper provision would be made in the way of matrons for properly looking after women employed on night shift, as is now done in the case of the two day shifts on which women are employed, and we think it can be said without any luestion that the night shift would be so conducted, in the event of the employment of women thereon, as to afford every reasonable safeguard and protection for such women. 19. To sum the situation up, permission to employ female labor any 8 hours in 24 would result in -(a) Considerable augmentation of force. (b) Greatly increased efficiency of such force, due to more perfect balancing of shifts and reduction of labor turnover. (o) As a combination of the above two factors, a marked increase in production. (d) Utilization of a fairly good supply of unemployed local female labor as against the necessity of artificial and undesirable transfer of male labor from other districts to this district. This alternative is both uneconomic and inefficient. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 5 (e) A very desirable relief of the existing marked shortage of labor in this district, both for mines and for this industry. Respectfully submitted, WORTHINGTON PUMP AND MACHINERY CORPORATION HAZLETON WORKS LCKAJAA--C-A-A-"To: The Honorable Secretary of War, Washington, D.C. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis APPENDIX A. The following figures as to labor supply in this district are submitted herewith: A rough census of the total population of Haaeton, West Hazleton, Freeland, lacAdoo, Jeanes7ille, Audenried, Jeddo, Harwood, Uonyngham, in fact all places adjacent to either trolley service or a bus service from which labor can be drawn for use in our plant, shows approximately 65,000 men, women and children. Of this 65,000 there are about 20,000 able-bodied workmen, and about 15,000 able-bodied women over 21 years of ago. In other words, the total working population of the district Which is available for our use is about 35,000 men and women. Regarding the men: A rough statement of their allocation is as per the following: Workmen in the Anthracite coal mines Workmen in other factories in Haaeton Workmen in our own factory Men farming, in stores, and in miscellaneous commercial pursuits 41= MO NO IMO MO 12,000 1,600 3,400 3,000 20,000 As regards women, their allocation is approximately as follows: Women employed in other factories in Hazleton Women employed in our own factory Women employed in miscellaneous com-ercial work in Haaeton Women unemployed =ID OW IMP .1E1 ••• OWN .111/ MED 3,000 1,000 4,000 7 000 000 2o obtain capacity in the production of ammunition from our factory, which is as you know devoted exclusively to Army and Navy projectile work,we estimate that approximately 6,000 employes will be required. We now have in our factory 1,000 women and 3,400 men, or a total of 4,400 employes. This is about three-quarters of our ultimate requirement, and it is necessary for us to obtain over 1,500 more employes during the next six weeks or two months. 1 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis An examination of tile allocation of available workmen in this district shows that there are at present no men unemployed. If we were to increase • our force by 1,500 men it would be necessary to rob the Anthracite coal mines and other essential industries. It is not possible for us to obtain this number of male employes from non-essential industries in this district. Approximately 2,000 workmen have been removed from this district and employed by such concerns as the Bethlehem Steel Company, Eddystone Ammunition Corporation, and We, in planning our working force many others. figured largely on these 2,000 men, but now that they are gone some other means to gain an adequate working force must be considered. Of course, we can take no labor away from the coal companies. de could take labor away from the other factories in this city, but we are largely dependent upon many of these other factories for supplies and supplemental macnine work. It seems impracticable to import male labor from other districts. It is impossible to house them in sufficient quantity to make it worth while, and further, the i,Tortation of labor from outside districts, which may or may not be employed in essential industries, is contradictory to the national program of employment. On the other hand, there are nearly 7,000 able-bodied women 21 years of age or over in this territory who are unemployed.. If we were permitted concession allowing women to work any 8 hours during the 24, our entire additional 1,500 employes could be women. This will not disturb the balance of any industry in the district, since it would simply mean employing women who are not now working. APPENDIX B Vie submit as follows employment figures from week ending July 20, 1918 to date: Week Ending July 20 " 27 .,.ug• 3 TT 10 n 17 11 24 " 31 Sept. 7 Men Employed 3,276 3,327 3,336 3,305 3,325 3,391 3,434 3,475 * Weekly Voluntary Q,uits (") 3.3 4.7 3.4 3.9 3.4 3.3 4.8 4.8 Women Employed 935 943 938 951 940 923 936 956 Weekly Voluntary quits (5) 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.3 * 3.4 * 3.1 * 3.2* 2he increased percentage of quits in these four cases is the result of teachers and pupils returning to school. It will be noted that in spite of the as represented by percentage of turnover our that fact voluntary quits is low both for men coad women, nevertheless owing to the exteme difficulty of obtaining men the building up of our force has been slow. During this period we have exercised every effort, thru the Federal Employment Service, to build up this force. We have not tried particularly as yet to build up our force of women, since the figures as shown are about as near as we can go in the employment of women until the night shift is made more effective. It should also be noted that altho the percentage of voluntary quits among men is comparatively low most of these quits occurred on the night 'force, the percentage of night force turnover alone being three to four times the figures given. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -1A Worthington Pump and Mach. Corp., Hazleton, Pa. Sept. 11, 1918. 1st Ind. From Henry Boss, Capt. Ord. Dept. U.S.A., Worthington Pump and Mach. Corp., Hazleton, Pa., Sept. 11, 1918. To the Secretary of Wax' through the District Ordnance Office, Philadelphia, Pa. The writer has carefully gone over the matter of em1. ploying women to work any eight (8) hours out of the twenty-four (24) for a period not to exceed fifty-four (54) hours per week. 2. The Plant is running on three (3) shifts, two (2) of which rotate and on which women are now successfully employed, while a permanent shift of men is being operated at night. The writer finds tnut women are well able to replace 3. men on the majority of operations in this plant and produce satisfactory workmanship. Since putting women on various operations, the Company has been able to utilize men formally working on the aforesaid operations, for work which women are unable to do. Since Mr. Goodnan has taken over the management of the 4. Worthinzton Pump and Mach. Corp., Hazleton, Pa., production has increased on both adapters, boosters and shells 100%. The writer feels that Mr. Goodman has shown such excellent results that he is absolutely worthy of the full backing of the War Department in obtaining dispensations for which he asks. It is recommended that the petition submitted by the 5. Worthington Pump ex. Mach. Corp., hazleton, Pa. be acted upon favorably. HENRY iOS Capt. rd. Dept. U.S.A. Production Officer. 2nd Ind. From Army Inspector of Ordnance, Worthington Pump and Mach. Corp., Hazleton, Pa., Sept. 11, 1418. To the Secretary of War through the District Ordnance Office, 1710 Market St., Philadelphla, Pa. The above petition has been pone over carefully by the 1. writer and its statements verified. From personal observation, believe the employment of women in this Plant throughut the twentyfour (24) hours is necessary to secure the maximum output at the earliest possible time. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2 Worthington Pup and Mach. Corp., Hazleton, Pa. Sept. 11, 1918. To the Secretary of War through the District Ordnance Ofc'ice, Philadelphia, Pa. 2nd Ind. 2. Believe this petition is especially worthy of atte,ition in view of the admirable record made by the new management during the past two months. On the 75 M/M Shell, the quality has so improved that our daily rejections has been decreased from 40% to less than 5%, in addition to which there has been a large increase in production. This improvement in quality and increase in quantity is still continuing, but it is evident that the maximum production under the present labor limitations will be less than 50,000 per week; whereas, with equal shifts of maximum size, the plant apparently can produce 120,000 per week. 3. It is, therefore, recommended that the petition of the Worthington Pump & Mach. Corp., Hazleton, Pa. be granted. R. E BRIAJIT Capt. Ord. Dept. U.S.A. Army Inspector of Ordnance. REB:.&A https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Ad ADDRESS REPLY TO OLIR FILE. TELEPHONE No. , 1 10. WAR DEPARTMENT YOUR FiLE No. ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT INSPECTION DIVISION OFFICE AT Hazleton, Pa. PLEASE MAKE REPLIES IN DUPLICATE' AND REFER TO OUR FILE NUMBER DATE Sept. 12, 1918. FROM: Army Insp. of Ord. Worthington Pump & Mach.Corp. TO: Miss Louise Cornell, Philadelphia, Pa. Subject: IMPROVED QUALITY OF 75mm.SHELL SUBMITTED TO INSPECTION Supporting figures given in my 2nd. Ind. to 1. Worthington Company's request for suspension of law restricting powers for female labor, submit the following. Mr. Goodman, new Manager of the plant, succeeded Mr. Jennings the early part of July. The last week in June the number of shell accepted was 14,570, quantity returned to the company as faulty was 5,868, or approximately 40%. For the last week in August, corresponding figures were 25,827 accepted, and 1,321 returned, or approximately 5%. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis R.E.BRYANT. Capt. Ord. Dept. U.S.A. Army Insp. of Ord. ADDRESS REPLY TO OUR FILE No. TELEPHONE No. WAR DEPARTMENT YOUR FILE NO. ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT INSPECTION OFFICE DIVISION AT Hazleton, Pa. PLEASE MAKE REPLIES IN DUPLICATE AND REFER TO OUR FILE NUMBER DAME Sept. 12, 1918. FROM: Henry Soss, Capt. Ord. Dept. U.S.A. TO: Miss .louise Cornell, Philadelphia, Pa. Subject: INCREASED PRODUCTION AT THE WORTHINGTON PLANT. Mr. Goodman, new Manager of this plant, 1. took up his duties about the 15th of July. The writer finds that for the week ending July 13th production on 75mm. shell was 16,985 and on Mark III adapters and boosters 28,975, whereas, the production for the week ending yesterday, Sept. 11th. was 30,994 75mm. shell, and 56,500 MarE III adapters and boosters, or very nearly LAY') increase in both items. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis HENRY Capt. Produ S d. Dept. U.S.A. ion Officer. COPY ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF ORDNANCE DISTRICT CHIEF 1710 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. .719./'.7 t.TCITIOF DIVISION . - 0 INSURE PROMPT ATTENTION IN REPLYING REFER TO: NO. ATTENTION September 12, 1918. OF FROM: Louise Cornell, Women's Branch. TO: Major Greene, Production Chief. SUBJECT: Petition of Worthington Pump & Machinery Corp. for permission to employ women between the hours of 10 P.M. and 6 A.M. at Hazleton, Pa. 1. I visited the Hazleton Plant of the Worthington Pump and Machinery Corporation on September 11th, ncoomnanied by a representative of the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industries. 2. With Mr. Goodman, Mr. Miller, Mr. Tyler, Captain Soss and Captain Bryant the question of the necessity of employing women at night was gone over carefully. A second visit through the plant was made at 10 P. M. at the time of changing shift. I am of the opinion that shortage of labor has affected pro3. duction at this plant, and that the need for seriously considering permitting the employment of women at night is at hand. The work is suited to women, and hours, wages and working conditions favorable. It is believed that n rotating night shift for women could, with proper supervision, be established here without encountering many of the drawbacks usually accompanying such a shift. 4. It is my recommendation, therefore, that the petition from the Worthington Corroration, which will probably reach your office on September 13th, be referred with your indorsement to the Secretary of War, through the Industrial Service Section. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis LOUISE CORNTLL Women's Branch ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF ORDNANCE DISTRICT CHIEF 1710 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. Pr.)7,":,TIO1C DIVISION TO INSURE PROMPT ATTENTION IN REPLYING REFER TO: September 14, 1918. NO. ATTENTION OF FROM: Louise Cornell, Women's Branch, Philadelphia District. TO: Clara Tead Acting Director, Women's Branch, Ordnance Office, through Philadelphia Production Office. Worthington Pump & Machinery Corp., Hazleton, Pa.: Request for permission to employ women between the hours of 10 P.M. and 6 A.M. SUBJECT: 1. Visit to Plant, September 11, 1918. Following conference with Major Greene, Major Schwartz, and Major Masters, Cornell visited plant September 11th, accompanied by Siebert of the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industries. Second visit same date, at 10 P.M. 2. Persons Interviewed Mr. William Goodman, General Manager Mt. Tyler, Assistant Manager Mr. Miller, Employment Miss Marcum, Matron Capt. Soss, Ordnance Production Officer Capt. Bryant, Army Inspector of Ordnance 3. Statement of the Case Plant now operating on three 8-hour shifts: 2 day shifts, interchanging weekly, 30% women; night shift permanent, 1/3 the size of day shifts, and composed of men only. Turnover on night shift estimated twice as high as on the day shifts, in spite of 10% bonus. Lack of housing facilities in town limits number of workmen who can be imported. 70% the estimated proportion of male employees under 31 years of age. Necessity of increasing present force by 1600 to fully man 3 shifts. Extent of possible employment of women on 2 shifts said to have been reached without throwing out the balance of the production. 4. Salient Facts Relating to Employment Management https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis a. No. Employed: 4400; men 3400, women 1000. b. Hours: 6 A.M. to 2 P.M.; 2 P.M. to 10 P.M.; 10 P.M. to 6 A.M. lunch period, hour. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2. c. Shifts:-2 day shifts, 500 women on each,rotating week ly. sight shift,500 men,no rotation, Operators must report for work 5 minutes ahead of time,relieving worker at machine without need of turning off power. Change of shift accompli shed in orderly fashion. Production on each shift depends larg ely on output of preaeeding shift. Present might shif t is distributed to bring up law points in production. It is stated by the management that unti l night shift is well balanced,little can be done to increase production on the other shifts. d.Wages Premium based on production. See report May 3,1918) Women- 27i-30O per hour Men - 3*-350 " " Piece rate after minimum producti on is reached. It was inferred by the management that hour rate for men and women would be made equal in 3 rotating shifts could be effected. e.Bmployment Methods: *Centralized department procures and hires all workers.Permitted by the Employment Service to send out scouts,but not to advertise. Foremen have right of discharge, -no transfers. Weekly report filed by this depa rtment indicated slaw increase in force,and comparat ively low voluntary turnover. No Ilaysical examination required . No woman to employ women. f.Welfare Department: A "Welfare "man is employed to conduct recreatiototo. Has little bear ing on problems of handling men,or production. g.Supervisor of women: Head matr on woman under 30.Little experience. Has little support of manageme nt or workers. Situation in this plant demands woma n of high caliber, who shall receive backing of the mana gement,and can inspire workers with confidence. Mr.Goodm an recognizes this,and has asked the Wome n's Branch to suggest the right person. h.General working conditions: (See report of May 3,1918) Conditions in plant excellent.liachines equipped with compressed air devices,and well guarded. Lighting good by day.and at night general and local lighting makes shop bright. No lunch roam ,but plan s exist for the 3. building of a separate cafeteria.All available space is occupied at present.Shop canteens might be arranged as a temPorary measure. Looker rooms for women- 2 women to one looker. Toilet facilities-permit the employment of 500 girls per shift. i.Transportation:- Motor busses are run by Company to bring girls who live beyond trolly or train routesailling to increase this service as necessary.and will provide means to take home any girl who has to go home in the middle of the night. As 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. shift comes to work,and leaves work at the hour the previous shift leaves,and the following comes on,it is not supposed that difficulties in transportation will be encountered if women are employed at night. j.Labor supply:-Local employment bureau said to report plenty of men available in New York,-but that their transportation must be paid,and the rate for New York laborers-464.(3740d is Hazleton rate) Little success has been met in holding men thus brought from a distance. Mines, and other was industries have exhausted stable local supply of male labir. Plant Employment department reports that it has from 1000-1500 women applicants registered. 5.Summary; That plant conditions can be made favorable to the employment of women or night shift,-notably by installing a woman supervisor of unusual capacity,and by establishing shop canteens where hot drinks can be secured. Work in plamtwell suited to woman. Evidence obtained indicates that labor shortage is already a factor limiting production. Recent change in management has been accompanied with favorable results reflected in production and shop organization. 6.Recommendations a. That the Women's Brandh,Ordnance,take the necessary steps to secure for the Worthington Pump and Machinery Company permission to employ women at night in the interests of maximum production of necessary warmaterials. b.That such permission be dependent of the establishment of the following co ditions at the plant: (1)Installation of woman supervisor who shall have full backing of the management and the confidence of the workera. (2)Establishment of safeguards for the ordinary drawbacks accompanying a night shift which shall be acceptible to the Women's Branch:these to include,-provision for serving hot drinks,adequate transportation to outlying parts, extension of toilet facilities with the increase of numbers • employed. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4. earliest possible attention o.That such action receive the of the Women's Branch. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis itAA isz_ et) Laaise Cornell Women's Branch Philadelphia District. • ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT OFFICE OF ORDNANCE DISTRICT CHIEF rno MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA TALSPECtrION TO INSURE PROMPT ATTENTI ON IN REPLYING REFER TO DIVISION September 13, 1918 NO.4o.o..laa. Worthington ATTENTION OF MAJOR F.M.MASTERS. From:- Major F. M. Masters. To:- Mr. J. C. Jones, District Chief. Thru: Major W. M. Schwartz, Inspection Manager. Subject: USE OF WOMEN ON NIGHT SHIFT AT WORTHINGTON PUMP AND MACHINWJRY CORPORATION. 1. Concerning the applic7tion of the Worth Pump and Machinery Corpor tion for the setting aside ington of the state laws in connection with the employment of women between the hours of ten P. M. and six A. M., in reviewing the c ,se as presented by the Worthington Pump and Machinery Corporation, certain statements made therein would condemn the c se on its own tstimony, without some further explanation. 2. They state that the total number of employees required in the plant will be about six thousand, - th,..-t they now have employed four thous;:nd four hundred, and with this number of employees, which is two-thirds of the total number rt4uired to fully man the plant, their production is less than fifty per cent. 3. In further explanation of this condi tion, a detailed statement of conditions as they have existed up to the present time at the plant should be given consideration. 4. The government has invested in thts plant about a million and a half dollars in buildings and equipment. In laying out the plant, the equipment was order ed before the plans were completed, with the result that it of. s not properly tooled and balanced in all of its operations. The origi nal plans were to make forgings from the raw rounds, and machine them into finished shells of the seventy-five m/m size, in addition to the making of adapters and boosters, :ark III, and machining of navy shells. When the plant was first equipped, the forge shop ir.4.s not in operation, and they were supplied with rou.?.11 forgings from other forge plants. These forgings require machining both inside and outside. Many thou https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2Mr. J. C. Jones September 13/18 sands of these forgings were shipped to the plant, and a great many of them are still in process of machining in the plant. However, these will all be finished within the next few days. When these are completed, then the shop will take up active production on the forgings which they are now making in their own plant, which are made by the French cold-drawn process, and do not require machining on the inside. 5. The estimated possible production of the plant is based upon the machining of the French type forgings, and not on the forgings with which they have been supplied. Furthermore, due to a lack of sufficient heat treating capacity, which condition has now been remedied, the plant w-s limited in its production, up to date owing to this operation. This unbalanced condition in the plant has piled up many thousands of shells in a_ partially machined condition, ahead of the various operations. This will shortly start to balance itself and start n uniform flow of the product, provided they can balance the shifts and fully men the heat treating, sand-blasting, and forge shop Operations, on which men only can be employed. 6. Furthermore in the production figures given in the petition, they have made no mention of the navy shells, which are being produced in considerable quantity, and of course, this product uses a large number of the employees. 7. Furthermore, their labor up to the present time might all have been classed as unskilled labor. It was necessary to teach the women how to handle the machines and perform the various operations. They are only now becoming efficient, and it is only of very recent date that any of the operators have made their piece rates to any large extent. 8. In addition to this, the former management was open to considerable criticism in their attitude towards the work, and a large amount of defective material produced. It became necessary a short time ago to make a careful survey and study of the entire plant, with a view to remedying all errors in the machining olx.-.ratipno, as well as the organization, so as to eliminate the large number of defectives, speed up the operations, and get up to production. P. The new management has cooperated heartily in every respect,has made recommended changes, with the rasult that the number of rejections is greatly reduced, as certified to by Captain Bryant in his statement, and the production is rapidly increasing. 10. Furthermore, there is one other item which should be considered, and that is the lack of power in the operation of the plant. Due to insufficient power supply, the plant is sometimes closed down .s many as ten to twenty times a day. This, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -3Mr J C. Jones PAND-312 P. D. September 13/18 of course, seriously hinders the operations on a machining job, when the lathes stop in the midst of a cut, it is nearly always necssry to re-set the tools, and frequently re-grind s.,me. 11. This condition has just recently been Laker u . k by the Plant Facilities Section of the Production Division, acting on recommendation and taking steps to provide additional power supply, which will halp solve many of their problems when it is installHd. 12. The writer has made a ver- careful study of all the conditions at the plant, has been in close touch with all of its operations wid difficulties, and at the present time believes that the only possible solution to increPse production is that of addition.al labor supply, and the only available labor supply seems to be the employment of additional women, working them twenty-four hours per day. 13. The -uestion might be raised of why not fully man two shifts, but this does not seem advisable, when there is such a tremendous pressure being brought to bear for the increased production of adapters and boosters, and by t king the othEr step, it will be possible to put this plant on full production rind secure one hundred per cent. of its capacity, rather than put on tNo full shifts, which would naturally give you less than ? two-thirds production in the plant. 14. For the above stated rea6ons, it is urged the petition of the Worthington Pump and Machinery Corpora that tion be given favorable consideration. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis F.M.MASTERS, VIAJOR ORD.DEPT.O.S.A. FEAD--PROJFCTILE & TRENCH-WARFARE :IATERIbl , SFCTION. ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT WMS.GT. OFFICE OF ORDNANCE DISTRICT CHIEF 1710 MARKET STREET PHILADELPHIA INSPECTION PA DIVISION TO INSURE PROMPT ATTENTION IN REPLYING REFER TO , N. 230 Worthington PAI\1D September 12, 1918 ATTENTION OF AJQR W.M.SCHWARTZ. From: Inspection h.anager, Phila.Ord.District, District Chief, Phila.Ord.Dist. Subject: USE OF WOMEN ON NIGHT SHIFT AT WORTHINGTON PUMP PND MACHINERY CORPOBATION. 1. It is recommended that the request of the Worthington Pump and Lachinery Corporation, Hazleton, Penns, for permission to work women on the night shifts be approved. 2. The need for 75 m/m complete rounds is very great. This ammunition is principally now being furnished from surplus stores by the French, and this Office is advised by the French Commission that these stores will be depleted around the first of October, and after that date, it will be necessary for the United States to furnish its own seventy-five m/m ammunition. 3. The factor which is now restricting its output is the production of boosters and adapters. These items are among those being produced by the Worthington Pump It is believed that the placand Machinery Corporation. night shift the on women would bring about a very ing of and production, in will thus help out this great increase situation. serious 4. Every effort has been made by the Worthington Pump and giachinery Corporation, by the Production Officer, Captain Soss, .who is stationed at the plant, and by Captain Bryant, Army Inspector of Ordnance, to produce results without having women on the night shift, but they have found that it is impossible for them to maintain a good balance, and an even flow of material thruout the plant, without placing women on the night shift, 5. It is pointed out that a request was made for authority to work women on the night shift several months https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2PAND-230 Worthington District Chief September 12 ago, and had the authority been granted at that time, the women would now have been all broken in on the work and trained, and it is believed that the plant would be on a very much larger production basis than at the present time. 6. A great deal of time and thought has been given this subject by the Worthington Pump and Machinery Corporation, and by the representatives of the Ordnance Department, on the ground, who know more about the situation than anyone else, and also by the Philadelphia District Office, and all are in absolute unit in the belief that it is essential that this plant be given authority to work the women on the night shift - otherwise, production will continue to be restricted, and will materially affect the shipment of seventy-five m/m ammunition to France. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis THE PHILADELPHIA DISTRICT OFFICE. 1717 50 W.M.SCHWARTZ. MAJOR ORD.DEPT.U.S.A. INSPECTION MANAGER.
